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Lawitz E, Parmar D, Momin T, Shaikh F, Patel H, Hayes H, Swint K. Pharmacokinetics and Safety Evaluation of Single-Dose Saroglitazar Magnesium in Subjects with Hepatic Impairment. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2023; 12:1142-1155. [PMID: 37909052 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Saroglitazar magnesium, a dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonist, is under evaluation for treating various liver conditions. While the pharmacokinetics (PK) of saroglitazar have been extensively studied in diverse preclinical models and healthy subjects, a comprehensive assessment of its PK behavior under conditions of hepatic impairment is lacking. In this Phase 1, open-label, parallel-group study, the PK of a single dose of 4-mg saroglitazar magnesium was investigated in subjects having varying degrees of hepatic impairment with and without portal hypertension compared with appropriately matched individuals having normal hepatic function. Treatment-emergent adverse events for safety were also evaluated. Thirty-two subjects were enrolled in the hepatic-impaired groups and 23 subjects in the normal hepatic function group. Mild and moderate hepatic impairment did not significantly affect the PK of saroglitazar, compared with normal hepatic function. Although severe hepatic impairment did not alter maximum observed plasma concentration and half-life; saroglitazar exposure (area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity) increased 3-fold, while the clearance was 61% lower compared to the subjects with normal hepatic function. This may require close monitoring or dose adjustments in individuals with severe hepatic impairment. A single oral dose of saroglitazar magnesium 4 mg was found to be safe and well tolerated in subjects with varying degrees of hepatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lawitz
- Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Deven Parmar
- Zydus Therapeutics Inc., Clinical Research and Development, Pennington, NJ, USA
| | - Taufik Momin
- Zydus Lifesciences Ltd., Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Farheen Shaikh
- Zydus Therapeutics Inc., Clinical Research and Development, Pennington, NJ, USA
| | | | - Helen Hayes
- Zydus Therapeutics Inc., Clinical Research and Development, Pennington, NJ, USA
| | - Kimberly Swint
- Zydus Therapeutics Inc., Clinical Research and Development, Pennington, NJ, USA
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2
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Li Q, Tang T, Zhang M, Li L, Chen W. An Optimized LC-MS/MS Method for Quantification of Sunitinib and N -Desethyl Sunitinib in Human Plasma and Its Application for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Ther Drug Monit 2023; 45:817-822. [PMID: 37074815 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sunitinib (SUN) malate is an oral, multitargeted, tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, imatinib-resistant or imatinib-intolerant gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. SUN has a narrow therapeutic window and high variability in interpatient pharmacokinetic parameters. Clinical detection methods for SUN and N -desethyl SUN limit the application of SUN to therapeutic drug monitoring. All published methods for quantifying SUN in human plasma require strict light protection to avoid light-induced isomerism or the use of additional quantitative software. To avoid these difficult processes in clinical routines, the authors propose a novel method that merges the peaks of the E -isomer and Z -isomer of SUN or N -desethyl SUN into a single peak. METHODS The E -isomer and Z -isomer peaks of SUN or N -desethyl SUN were merged into a single peak by optimizing the mobile phases to decrease the resolution of the isomers. A suitable chromatographic column was selected to obtain a good peak shape. Thereafter, the conventional and single-peak methods (SPM) were simultaneously validated and compared according to the guidelines published by the Food and Drug Administration in 2018 and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia in 2020. RESULTS The verification results showed that the SPM was superior to the conventional method in the matrix effect and met the requirements for biological sample analysis. SPM was then applied to detect the total steady-state concentration of SUN and N -desethyl SUN in tumor patients who received SUN malate. CONCLUSIONS The established SPM makes the detection of SUN and N -desethyl SUN easier and faster without light protection or extra quantitative software, making it more appropriate for routine clinical use. The clinical application results showed that 12 patients took 37.5 mg per day, with a median total trough steady-state concentration of 75.0 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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3
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Mikus J, Świątek P, Przybyła P, Krzyżak E, Marciniak A, Kotynia A, Redzicka A, Wiatrak B, Jawień P, Gębarowski T, Szczukowski Ł. Synthesis, Biological, Spectroscopic and Computational Investigations of Novel N-Acylhydrazone Derivatives of Pyrrolo[3,4- d]pyridazinone as Dual COX/LOX Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:5479. [PMID: 37513351 PMCID: PMC10383271 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Secure and efficient treatment of diverse pain and inflammatory disorders is continually challenging. Although NSAIDs and other painkillers are well-known and commonly available, they are sometimes insufficient and can cause dangerous adverse effects. As yet reported, derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone are potent COX-2 inhibitors with a COX-2/COX-1 selectivity index better than meloxicam. Considering that N-acylhydrazone (NAH) moiety is a privileged structure occurring in many promising drug candidates, we decided to introduce this pharmacophore into new series of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives. The current paper presents the synthesis and in vitro, spectroscopic, and in silico studies evaluating the biological and physicochemical properties of NAH derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone. Novel compounds 5a-c-7a-c were received with high purity and good yields and did not show cytotoxicity in the MTT assay. Their COX-1, COX-2, and 15-LOX inhibitory activities were estimated using enzymatic tests and molecular docking studies. The title N-acylhydrazones appeared to be promising dual COX/LOX inhibitors. Moreover, spectroscopic and computational methods revealed that new compounds form stable complexes with the most abundant plasma proteins-AAG and HSA, but do not destabilize their secondary structure. Additionally, predicted pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties of investigated molecules suggest their potentially good membrane permeability and satisfactory bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Mikus
- Student Science Club of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (J.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Przybyła
- Student Science Club of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (J.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Edward Krzyżak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (E.K.); (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Marciniak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (E.K.); (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksadra Kotynia
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (E.K.); (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Redzicka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Paulina Jawień
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland; (P.J.); (T.G.)
| | - Tomasz Gębarowski
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland; (P.J.); (T.G.)
| | - Łukasz Szczukowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
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Li T, Li X, Jiang X, Wang C, Sun F, Liu Y, Lin P, Shi P, Fu Y, Gao X, Zhang Y, Cao Y. The effect of rifampin on the pharmacokinetics of famitinib in healthy subjects. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2022; 90:409-415. [PMID: 36107220 PMCID: PMC9556364 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Famitinib is an oral, small-molecule, multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor under clinical investigation for the treatment of solid tumors. As famitinib is metabolized mainly by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), the study was conducted to investigate the effect of potent CYP3A4 inducer rifampin on the pharmacokinetics of famitinb.
Methods
This single-center, single-arm and fixed-sequence drug–drug interaction study enrolled 21healthy Chinese male subjects. Subjects received a single oral dose of famitinib 25 mg on days 1 and 16 and repeated administration of oral rifampin 600 mg once daily on days 10–23. Blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of famitinib were measured by validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis and safety was assessed.
Results
In the presence of rifampin, the famitinib geometric mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0–∞) decreased by 48% and 69%, respectively, and the mean elimination half-life was shortened from 33.9 to 18.2 h. The geometric mean ratio (GMR) of famitinib Cmax and AUC0–∞ and their 90% CI were 0.52 (0.50, 0.54) and 0.31 (0.29, 0.33). Single dose of famitinib 25 mg was well tolerated and eight subjects (38.1%) reported treatment emergent adverse events, which were all grade 1–2 in severity.
Conclusion
Co-administration of rifampin considerably reduces plasma concentration of famitinb due to CYP3A4 induction. Concomitant administration of famitinib and strong CYP3A4 inducers should be avoided, whereas when simultaneous use with inducers of CYP3A4, dose adjustment of famitinb is recommended.
Clinical trial registration number
NCT04494659 (July 31, 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xin Li
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chenjing Wang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Pingping Lin
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaomeng Gao
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Ezzeldin E, Iqbal M, Asiri YA, Mostafa GAE, Sayed AYA. Eco-Friendly, Simple, Fast, and Sensitive UPLC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Pexidartinib in Plasma and Its Application to Metabolic Stability. Molecules 2022; 27:297. [PMID: 35011540 PMCID: PMC8746680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pexidartinib is the first drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifically to treat the rare joint tumor tenosynovial giant cell tumor. In the current study, a validated, selective, and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS assay was developed for the quantitative determination of pexidartinib in plasma samples using gifitinib as an internal standard (IS). Pexidartinib and IS were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl tert-butyl ether and separated on an acquity BEH C18 column kept at 40 °C using a mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile: 0.1% formic acid in de-ionized water (70:30). The flow rate was 0.25 mL/min. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was operated in electrospray (ESI)-positive mode at the ion transition of 418.06 > 165.0 for the analyte and 447.09 > 128.0 for the IS. FDA guidance for bioanalytical method validation was followed in method validation. The linearity of the established UPLC-MS/MS assay ranged from 0.5 to 1000 ng/mL with r > 0.999 with a limit of quantitation of 0.5 ng/mL. Moreover, the metabolic stability of pexidartinib in liver microsomes was estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Ezzeldin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.); (G.A.E.M.); (A.Y.A.S.)
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.); (G.A.E.M.); (A.Y.A.S.)
| | - Yousif A. Asiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gamal A. E. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.); (G.A.E.M.); (A.Y.A.S.)
| | - Ahmed Y. A. Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.); (G.A.E.M.); (A.Y.A.S.)
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Wu T, Zhang C, Lv R, Qin Q, Liu N, Yin W, Wang R, Sun Y, Wang X, Sun Y, Zhao D, Cheng M. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and pharmacophore model analysis of novel tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol derivatives as potential TRKs inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113627. [PMID: 34171657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The tropomyosin receptor kinases TRKs are responsible for different tumor types which caused by NTRK gene fusion, and have been identified as a successful target for anticancer therapeutics. Herein, we report a potent and selectivity TRKs inhibitor 19m through rational drug design strategy from a micromolar potency hit 17a. Compound 19m significantly inhibits the proliferation of TRK-dependent cell lines (Km-12), while it has no inhibitory effect on TRK-independent cell lines (A549 and THLE-2). Furthermore, kinases selectivity profiling showed that in addition to TRKs, compound 19m only displayed relatively strong inhibitory activity on ALK. These data may indicate that compound 19m has a good drug safety. Partial ADME properties were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Compound 19m exhibited a good AUC values and volume of distribution and low clearance in the pharmacokinetics experiment of rats. Finally, a pharmacophore model guided by experimental results is proposed. We hope this theoretical model can help researchers find type I TRK inhibitors more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Ruicheng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Qiaohua Qin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Nian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Wenbo Yin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yixiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
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Wang E, DuBois SG, Wetmore C, Verschuur AC, Khosravan R. Population Pharmacokinetics of Sunitinib and its Active Metabolite SU012662 in Pediatric Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors or Other Solid Tumors. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 46:343-352. [PMID: 33852135 PMCID: PMC8093178 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-021-00671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Population pharmacokinetic analysis explored the pharmacokinetics of sunitinib and its primary active metabolite, SU012662, in children and evaluated the sunitinib dose(s) that produce comparable plasma exposures to adults receiving the approved daily dose. METHODS Data were from 65 children with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) or solid tumors. Pharmacokinetic models of sunitinib and SU012662 were developed using a systematic multi-step approach employing nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. The effect of predefined covariates on pharmacokinetic parameters was assessed. Final models were validated using visual predictive check and statistical techniques. RESULTS The final dataset comprised 439 sunitinib and 417 SU012662 post-baseline plasma observations. Base models were characterized by two-compartment models with first-order absorption and lag time. Body surface area (BSA) was the only covariate that affected (P < 0.001) pharmacokinetic parameters for sunitinib and SU012662 and was incorporated into the final models. Bootstrap results indicated that the final models represented the final dataset adequately. Based on the final models, a sunitinib dose of ~ 20mg/m2/day in children with GIST aged 6-17 years would be expected to lead to similar total plasma exposures of sunitinib and SU012661 as a dose of 50 mg/day in an adult with GIST on schedule 4/2. CONCLUSIONS In children with GIST or solid tumors receiving sunitinib, population pharmacokinetic analysis identified BSA as the only covariate that affected pharmacokinetic parameters and predicted a dose of ~ 20 mg/m2/day as achieving equivalent exposure to 50 mg/day in adults with GIST on schedule 4/2. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers (date registered): NCT01396148 (July 2011); NCT01462695 (October 2011); NCT00387920 (October 2006).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erjian Wang
- Pfizer Oncology, Global Product Development, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Steven G DuBois
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cynthia Wetmore
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Exelixis Clinical Development, Alameda, CA, USA
| | - Arnauld C Verschuur
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, La Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Reza Khosravan
- Pfizer Oncology, Global Product Development, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Goadsby PJ, Blumenfeld AM, Lipton RB, Dodick DW, Kalidas K, M Adams A, Jakate A, Liu C, Szegedi A, Trugman JM. Time course of efficacy of ubrogepant for the acute treatment of migraine: Clinical implications. Cephalalgia 2021; 41:546-560. [PMID: 33241721 PMCID: PMC8047719 DOI: 10.1177/0333102420970523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The full utility of an acute treatment requires examination of the entire time course of effect during a migraine attack. Here the time course of effect of ubrogepant is evaluated. METHODS ACHIEVE-I and -II were double-blind, single-attack, Phase 3 trials. Adults with migraine were randomised 1:1:1 to placebo or ubrogepant (50mg or 100mg, ACHIEVE-I; 25 mg or 50 mg, ACHIEVE-II). Pain freedom, absence of most bothersome symptom, and pain relief were assessed at various timepoints. Samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. Data were pooled for this post-hoc analysis. RESULTS Participants' (n = 912 placebo, n = 887 ubrogepant 50 mg, pooled analysis population) mean age was 41 years, with a majority female and white. Pain relief separated from placebo by 1 h (43% versus 37% [OR, 95% CI: 1.30, 1.0-1.59]), absence of most bothersome symptom by 1.5 h (28% versus 22% [1.42, 1.14-1.77]), and pain freedom by 2 h (20% vs. 13% [1.72, 1.33-2.22]). Efficacy was sustained from 2-24 h (pain relief: 1.71, 1.1-2.6; pain freedom: 1.71, 1.3-2.3) and remained separated at 48 h (pain relief: 1.7, 1.1-2.6; pain freedom: 1.31, 1.0-1.7). Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated maximum plasma concentrations were achieved at 1 h, with pharmacologically active concentrations reached within 11 min and remaining above the EC90 for nearly 12 h. CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of the time course of effect of ubrogepant showed pain relief as the most sensitive and earliest measure of clinical effect, followed by absence of most bothersome symptom, and pain freedom. Efficacy was demonstrated out to 48 h, providing evidence of the long-lasting effect of ubrogepant. This evaluation supports the role of examining the entire time course of effect to understand fully the utility of an acute treatment for migraine.Trial registration: ACHIEVE I (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02828020) and ACHIEVE II (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02867709).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Goadsby
- NIHR-Wellcome Trust King’s Clinical Research Facility, SLaM Biomedical Research Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Richard B Lipton
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Headache Center, Bronx, NY, USA
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Sun JY, Kumata K, Chen Z, Zhang YD, Chen JH, Hatori A, Fu HL, Rong J, Deng XY, Yamasaki T, Xie L, Hu K, Fujinaga M, Yu QZ, Shao T, Collier TL, Josephson L, Shao YH, Du YF, Wang L, Xu H, Zhang MR, Liang SH. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of novel 11C-labeled GluN2B-selective NMDA receptor negative allosteric modulators. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:491-498. [PMID: 32661351 PMCID: PMC8027431 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play critical roles in the physiological function of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), including learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity, through modulating excitatory neurotransmission. Attributed to etiopathology of various CNS disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, GluN2B is one of the most well-studied subtypes in preclinical and clinical studies on NMDARs. Herein, we report the synthesis and preclinical evaluation of two 11C-labeled GluN2B-selective negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) containing N,N-dimethyl-2-(1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1-yl)acetamides for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Two PET ligands, namely [11C]31 and [11C]37 (also called N2B-1810 and N2B-1903, respectively) were labeled with [11C]CH3I in good radiochemical yields (decay-corrected 28% and 32% relative to starting [11C]CO2, respectively), high radiochemical purity (>99%) and high molar activity (>74 GBq/μmol). In particular, PET ligand [11C]31 demonstrated moderate specific binding to GluN2B subtype by in vitro autoradiography studies. However, because in vivo PET imaging studies showed limited brain uptake of [11C]31 (up to 0.5 SUV), further medicinal chemistry and ADME optimization are necessary for this chemotype attributed to low binding specificity and rapid metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yun Sun
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yi-Ding Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Jia-Hui Chen
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hua-Long Fu
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xiao-Yun Deng
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Qing-Zhen Yu
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Tuo Shao
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Thomas Lee Collier
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yi-Han Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Yun-Fei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hao Xu
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Steven H Liang
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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10
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Wang B, Shen J, Zhou Q, Meng D, He Y, Chen F, Wang S, Ji W. Effects of naringenin on the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib in rats. Pharm Biol 2020; 58:225-230. [PMID: 32202190 PMCID: PMC7144329 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1738504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Context: Naringenin and tofacitinib are often used together for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese clinics.Objective: This experiment investigates the effect of naringenin on the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib in rats.Materials and methods: Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (experimental group and control group). The experimental group was pre-treated with naringenin (150 mg/kg/day) for two weeks before dosing tofacitinib, and equal amounts of CMC-Na solution in the control group. After a single oral administration of 5 mg/kg of tofacitinib, 50 μL blood samples were directly collected into 1.5 mL heparinized tubes via the caudal vein at 0.083, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 h. The plasma concentration of tofacitinib was quantified by UPLC/MS-MS.Results: Results indicated that naringenin could significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib. The AUC0-24 of tofacitinib was increased from 1222.81 ± 222.07 to 2016.27 ± 481.62 ng/mL/h, and the difference was significant (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the Tmax was increased from 0.75 ± 0.29 to 3.00 ± 0.00 h (p < 0.05), and the MRT(0-24) was increased from 4.90 ± 0.51 to 6.57 ± 0.66 h (p < 0.05), but the clearance was obviously decreased from 4.10 ± 0.72 to 2.42 ± 0.70 L/h/kg (p < 0.05) in experimental group. Although the Cmax and t1/2 of tofacitinib were increased, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05).Conclusions: This research demonstrated a drug-drug interaction between naringenin and tofacitinib possibly when preadministered with naringenin; thus, we should pay attention to this possibility in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Jiquan Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Deru Meng
- School of Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Youwu He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Shuanghu Wang
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
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11
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Hamilton E, O'Malley DM, O'Cearbhaill R, Cristea M, Fleming GF, Tariq B, Fong A, French D, Rossi M, Brickman D, Moore K. Tamrintamab pamozirine (SC-003) in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer: Findings of a phase 1 study. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 158:640-645. [PMID: 32513564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is diagnosed at advanced stage in the majority of women and, despite being initially chemosensitive, eventually recurs and develops resistance to known therapies. SC-003 is a pyrrolobenzodiazepine-based antibody-drug conjugate targeting dipeptidase 3 (DPEP3), a membrane-bound dipeptidase associated with tumor-initiating cells in patient-derived EOC xenograft models. This first-in-human phase 1a/1b study evaluated the safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity of SC-003 alone or in combination with budigalimab (formerly ABBV-181), an antibody targeting PD-1, in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory EOC (NCT02539719). METHODS Patients received SC-003 at 1 of 6 dose levels (0.025-0.4 mg/kg) every 3 weeks (Q3W), utilizing a standard 3 + 3 design (dose-limiting toxicity [DLT] period: 21 days). Patients with DPEP3-positive tumors were enrolled in the dose-expansion phase of the study and treated with SC-003 monotherapy or in combination with budigalimab. RESULTS Seventy-four patients (n = 29, dose escalation; n = 45, dose expansion; n = 3 budigalimab combination) were enrolled and received ≥1 dose of study drug. One DLT occurred (grade 3 ileus) but was considered unrelated to study drug. The MTD for the Q3W schedule was 0.3 mg/kg and the SC-003 doses selected for the dose-expansion phase of the study were 0.3 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were fatigue, nausea, decreased appetite, pleural effusion, abdominal pain, and peripheral edema. The overall response rate was low (4%), and responses were not durable. Post-hoc examination of antitumor activity suggested a higher response rate in patients with higher DPEP3 expression. CONCLUSIONS SC-003 lacked the requisite safety profile and antitumor activity to warrant further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Hamilton
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - David M O'Malley
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James CCC, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Roisin O'Cearbhaill
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kathleen Moore
- Oklahoma Cancer Center/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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12
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Liu PCC, Koblish H, Wu L, Bowman K, Diamond S, DiMatteo D, Zhang Y, Hansbury M, Rupar M, Wen X, Collier P, Feldman P, Klabe R, Burke KA, Soloviev M, Gardiner C, He X, Volgina A, Covington M, Ruggeri B, Wynn R, Burn TC, Scherle P, Yeleswaram S, Yao W, Huber R, Hollis G. INCB054828 (pemigatinib), a potent and selective inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3, displays activity against genetically defined tumor models. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231877. [PMID: 32315352 PMCID: PMC7313537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genes have been
identified as potential driver oncogenes. Pharmacological targeting of FGFRs may
therefore provide therapeutic benefit to selected cancer patients, and
proof-of-concept has been established in early clinical trials of FGFR
inhibitors. Here, we present the molecular structure and preclinical
characterization of INCB054828 (pemigatinib), a novel, selective inhibitor of
FGFR 1, 2, and 3, currently in phase 2 clinical trials. INCB054828
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were investigated using cell lines and
tumor models, and the antitumor effect of oral INCB054828 was investigated using
xenograft tumor models with genetic alterations in FGFR1, 2, or 3. Enzymatic
assays with recombinant human FGFR kinases showed potent inhibition of FGFR1, 2,
and 3 by INCB054828 (half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50]
0.4, 0.5, and 1.0 nM, respectively) with weaker activity against FGFR4
(IC50 30 nM). INCB054828 selectively inhibited growth of tumor
cell lines with activation of FGFR signaling compared with cell lines lacking
FGFR aberrations. The preclinical pharmacokinetic profile suggests target
inhibition is achievable by INCB054828 in vivo with low oral doses. INCB054828
suppressed the growth of xenografted tumor models with FGFR1, 2, or 3
alterations as monotherapy, and the combination of INCB054828 with cisplatin
provided significant benefit over either single agent, with an acceptable
tolerability. The preclinical data presented for INCB054828, together with
preliminary clinical observations, support continued investigation in patients
with FGFR alterations, such as fusions and activating mutations.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Half-Life
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, SCID
- Morpholines/chemistry
- Morpholines/pharmacokinetics
- Morpholines/therapeutic use
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/chemistry
- Pyrimidines/pharmacokinetics
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Pyrroles/chemistry
- Pyrroles/pharmacokinetics
- Pyrroles/therapeutic use
- Rats
- Rats, Nude
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip C. C. Liu
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Holly Koblish
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Liangxing Wu
- Discovery Chemistry, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Kevin Bowman
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Sharon Diamond
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Darlise DiMatteo
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Yue Zhang
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Michael Hansbury
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Mark Rupar
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Paul Collier
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Patricia Feldman
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Ronald Klabe
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Krista A. Burke
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Maxim Soloviev
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Christine Gardiner
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Xin He
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Alla Volgina
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Maryanne Covington
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Bruce Ruggeri
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Richard Wynn
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Timothy C. Burn
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Peggy Scherle
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Swamy Yeleswaram
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Wenqing Yao
- Discovery Chemistry, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Reid Huber
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
| | - Gregory Hollis
- Discovery Biology, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware,
United States of America
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13
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Ehrenkaufer G, Li P, Stebbins EE, Kangussu-Marcolino MM, Debnath A, White CV, Moser MS, DeRisi J, Gisselberg J, Yeh E, Wang SC, Company AH, Monti L, Caffrey CR, Huston CD, Wang B, Singh U. Identification of anisomycin, prodigiosin and obatoclax as compounds with broad-spectrum anti-parasitic activity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008150. [PMID: 32196500 PMCID: PMC7112225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasitic infections are a major source of human suffering, mortality, and economic loss, but drug development for these diseases has been stymied by the significant expense involved in bringing a drug though clinical trials and to market. Identification of single compounds active against multiple parasitic pathogens could improve the economic incentives for drug development as well as simplifying treatment regimens. We recently performed a screen of repurposed compounds against the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica, causative agent of amebic dysentery, and identified four compounds (anisomycin, prodigiosin, obatoclax and nithiamide) with low micromolar potency and drug-like properties. Here, we extend our investigation of these drugs. We assayed the speed of killing of E. histolytica trophozoites and found that all four have more rapid action than the current drug of choice, metronidazole. We further established a multi-institute collaboration to determine whether these compounds may have efficacy against other parasites and opportunistic pathogens. We found that anisomycin, prodigiosin and obatoclax all have broad-spectrum antiparasitic activity in vitro, including activity against schistosomes, T. brucei, and apicomplexan parasites. In several cases, the drugs were found to have significant improvements over existing drugs. For instance, both obatoclax and prodigiosin were more efficacious at inhibiting the juvenile form of Schistosoma than the current standard of care, praziquantel. Additionally, low micromolar potencies were observed against pathogenic free-living amebae (Naegleria fowleri, Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba castellanii), which cause CNS infection and for which there are currently no reliable treatments. These results, combined with the previous human use of three of these drugs (obatoclax, anisomycin and nithiamide), support the idea that these compounds could serve as the basis for the development of broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Ehrenkaufer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Pengyang Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Erin E. Stebbins
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Monica M. Kangussu-Marcolino
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Anjan Debnath
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Corin V. White
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew S. Moser
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph DeRisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jolyn Gisselberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Ellen Yeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Steven C. Wang
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Ana Hervella Company
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Ludovica Monti
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Conor R. Caffrey
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Christopher D. Huston
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Upinder Singh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
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14
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Varyani F, Argyriou K, Phillips F, Tsakiridou E, Moran GW. Profile of Tofacitinib in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: An Evidence-Based Review of Recent Data. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:4091-4105. [PMID: 31819376 PMCID: PMC6897052 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s182891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC) have led to the expansion of our therapeutic arsenal. Conventional treatment options, including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, thiopurines, and calcineurin inhibitors, fail to control the disease in a significant proportion of patients. Approximately 25-50% of the patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antibodies (anti-TNFα) are primary and secondary non-responders to therapy. Tofacitinib is a novel orally administered small synthetic molecule that inhibits a homologous family of enzymes, termed Janus kinases that modulate multiple key cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of UC. Phase II and III trials showed promising results in UC, leading the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) to approve its administration for the induction and maintenance of remission in moderate-to-severe UC. Herein, we review tofacitinib for the management of UC, its mechanism of action pharmacokinetic properties, efficacy, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Varyani
- Queen’s Medical Center, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Konstantinos Argyriou
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Frank Phillips
- Queen’s Medical Center, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Gordon William Moran
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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15
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Bos PH, Lowry ER, Costa J, Thams S, Garcia-Diaz A, Zask A, Wichterle H, Stockwell BR. Development of MAP4 Kinase Inhibitors as Motor Neuron-Protecting Agents. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:1703-1715.e37. [PMID: 31676236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Disease-causing mutations in many neurodegenerative disorders lead to proteinopathies that trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, few therapeutic options exist for patients with these diseases. Using an in vitro screening platform to identify compounds that protect human motor neurons from ER stress-mediated degeneration, we discovered that compounds targeting the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase (MAP4K) family are neuroprotective. The kinase inhibitor URMC-099 (compound 1) stood out as a promising lead compound for further optimization. We coupled structure-based compound design with functional activity testing in neurons subjected to ER stress to develop a series of analogs with improved MAP4K inhibition and concomitant increases in potency and efficacy. Further structural modifications were performed to enhance the pharmacokinetic profiles of the compound 1 derivatives. Prostetin/12k emerged as an exceptionally potent, metabolically stable, and blood-brain barrier-penetrant compound that is well suited for future testing in animal models of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter H Bos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Emily R Lowry
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jonathon Costa
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sebastian Thams
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alejandro Garcia-Diaz
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Arie Zask
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Hynek Wichterle
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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16
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Fong JY, Pignata L, Goy PA, Kawabata KC, Lee SCW, Koh CM, Musiani D, Massignani E, Kotini AG, Penson A, Wun CM, Shen Y, Schwarz M, Low DH, Rialdi A, Ki M, Wollmann H, Mzoughi S, Gay F, Thompson C, Hart T, Barbash O, Luciani GM, Szewczyk MM, Wouters BJ, Delwel R, Papapetrou EP, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Arrowsmith CH, Minden MD, Jin J, Melnick A, Bonaldi T, Abdel-Wahab O, Guccione E. Therapeutic Targeting of RNA Splicing Catalysis through Inhibition of Protein Arginine Methylation. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:194-209.e9. [PMID: 31408619 PMCID: PMC7194031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated mutations in genes encoding RNA splicing factors (SFs) commonly occur in leukemias, as well as in a variety of solid tumors, and confer dependence on wild-type splicing. These observations have led to clinical efforts to directly inhibit the spliceosome in patients with refractory leukemias. Here, we identify that inhibiting symmetric or asymmetric dimethylation of arginine, mediated by PRMT5 and type I protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), respectively, reduces splicing fidelity and results in preferential killing of SF-mutant leukemias over wild-type counterparts. These data identify genetic subsets of cancer most likely to respond to PRMT inhibition, synergistic effects of combined PRMT5 and type I PRMT inhibition, and a mechanistic basis for the therapeutic efficacy of PRMT inhibition in cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Catalysis
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Ethylenediamines/pharmacokinetics
- Ethylenediamines/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/genetics
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Pyrroles/pharmacokinetics
- Pyrroles/pharmacology
- RNA Splicing/drug effects
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- THP-1 Cells
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- U937 Cells
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yi Fong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Luca Pignata
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Pierre-Alexis Goy
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | | | - Stanley Chun-Wei Lee
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cheryl M Koh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Daniele Musiani
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20146 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Massignani
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20146 Milan, Italy
| | - Andriana G Kotini
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alex Penson
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cheng Mun Wun
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Yudao Shen
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Megan Schwarz
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Diana Hp Low
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Alexander Rialdi
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michelle Ki
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Heike Wollmann
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Slim Mzoughi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Florence Gay
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | | | - Timothy Hart
- Epigenetics Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Olena Barbash
- Epigenetics Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Genna M Luciani
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Magdalena M Szewczyk
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Bas J Wouters
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ruud Delwel
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eirini P Papapetrou
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ari Melnick
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20146 Milan, Italy
| | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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17
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Yang Q, Li P, Ran H, Wan J, Chen H, Chen H, Wang Z, Zhang L. Polypyrrole-coated phase-change liquid perfluorocarbon nanoparticles for the visualized photothermal-chemotherapy of breast cancer. Acta Biomater 2019; 90:337-349. [PMID: 30936037 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A theranostic nanoplatform (DTX/PFH@PPy-FA) for multi-modal imaging-guided photothermal-chemotherapy has been constructed. Lipid-perfluorohexane (PFH) nanodroplet loaded with docetaxel (DTX) was coated with a polypyrrole (PPy) shell. Then the folic acid (FA) molecule with active tumor-targeting function was modified on the surface of PPy shell. Due to the good photothermal conversion performance, PPy shell can raise the temperature under the near infrared laser irradiation, which not only produces photothermal effect to kill tumor cells, but also promotes liquid-gas phase change of PFH, and produces ultrasound imaging effect. The results of photothermal experiment and imaging experiment confirmed that the obtained DTX/PFH@PPy-FA possessed good photothermal, photoacoustic imaging and ultrasound imaging effects in vitro and in vivo. The results of in vitro cell experiments showed that DTX/PFH@PPy-FA had a active targeting ability to tumor cells, and its photothermal-chemotherapy synergistically inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells. In vivo study on 4T1-bearing BALB/c mice indicated that the photothermal-chemotherapy of DTX/PFH@PPy-FA not only effectively inhibited the growth of 4T1 breast cancer, but also inhibited lung metastasis. This multifunctional nanoparticle is expected to become a new nanoplatform for the visualized photothermal-chemotherapy of cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we presented a multi-modal imaging-guided photothermal-chemotherapy theranostic nanoplatform (DTX/PFH@PPy-FA) for visualized treatment of breast cancer. The docetaxel (DTX) loaded perfluorohexane (PFH) nanodroplets (DTX/PFH@SPC) were firstly prepared and then coated with polypyrrole shell (PPy). Then, PEGylated folic acid was covalently modified to obtain the folate-targeted multifunctional nanoparticle (DTX/PFH@PPy-FA). Due to the good photothermal conversion performance, PPy shell can raise the temperature under the near infrared laser irradiation, which not only produces photothermal effect to kill tumor cells, but also promotes liquid-gas phase change of PFH, and produces good ultrasound imaging effect. The PPy shell also imparts photoacoustic imaging characteristics to the nanoparticles. Experimental results show that our prepared DTX/PFH@PPy-FA possesses folic acid-mediated tumor targeting ability, ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging, and photothermal-chemotherapy synergistic effect. This multi-functional nanoparticle is expected to become a new platform for the visualized photothermal-chemotherapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Pan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Haitao Ran
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jingyuan Wan
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Huan Chen
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Huali Chen
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Liangke Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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18
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Lee JH, Chen TWW, Hsu CH, Yen YH, Yang JCH, Cheng AL, Sasaki SI, Chiu LL, Sugihara M, Ishizuka T, Oguma T, Tajima N, Lin CC. A phase I study of pexidartinib, a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor, in Asian patients with advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:99-110. [PMID: 30825104 PMCID: PMC6985061 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00745-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Pexidartinib, a novel, orally administered small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has strong selectivity against colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor. This phase I, nonrandomized, open-label multiple-dose study evaluated pexidartinib safety and efficacy in Asian patients with symptomatic, advanced solid tumors. Materials and Methods Patients received pexidartinib: cohort 1, 600 mg/d; cohort 2, 1000 mg/d for 2 weeks, then 800 mg/d. Primary objectives assessed pexidartinib safety and tolerability, and determined the recommended phase 2 dose; secondary objectives evaluated efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile. Results All 11 patients (6 males, 5 females; median age 64, range 23-82; cohort 1 n = 3; cohort 2 n = 8) experienced at least one treatment-emergent adverse event; 5 experienced at least one grade ≥ 3 adverse event, most commonly (18%) for each of the following: increased aspartate aminotransferase, blood alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and anemia. Recommended phase 2 dose was 1000 mg/d for 2 weeks and 800 mg/d thereafter. Pexidartinib exposure, area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to 8 h (AUC0-8h), and maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) increased on days 1 and 15 with increasing pexidartinib doses, and time at Cmax (Tmax) was consistent throughout all doses. Pexidartinib exposure and plasma levels of adiponectin and colony-stimulating factor 1 increased following multiple daily pexidartinib administrations. One patient (13%) with tenosynovial giant cell tumor showed objective tumor response. Conclusions This was the first study to evaluate pexidartinib in Asian patients with advanced solid tumors. Pexidartinib was safe and tolerable in this population at the recommended phase 2 dose previously determined for Western patients (funded by Daiichi Sankyo; clinicaltrials.gov number, NCT02734433).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Hsiang Lee
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch No. 25, Lane 442, Sec. 1, Jingguo Rd, Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan
| | - Tom Wei-Wu Chen
- National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Hsu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Yen
- National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - James Chih-Hsin Yang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Lii Cheng
- National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Ichi Sasaki
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8710, Japan
| | - LiYin Lillian Chiu
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 7F-1, No. 308, Sec. 2, Bade Rd, Zhongshan Dist., Taipei City, 104, Taiwan
| | - Masahiro Sugihara
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8710, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishizuka
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8710, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Oguma
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8710, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Tajima
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8710, Japan
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung Shan S Rd, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
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19
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Raimondi MV, Listro R, Cusimano MG, La Franca M, Faddetta T, Gallo G, Schillaci D, Collina S, Leonchiks A, Barone G. Pyrrolomycins as antimicrobial agents. Microwave-assisted organic synthesis and insights into their antimicrobial mechanism of action. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:721-728. [PMID: 30711310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
New compounds able to counteract staphylococcal biofilm formation are needed. In this study we investigate the mechanism of action of pyrrolomycins, whose potential as antimicrobial agents has been demonstrated. We performed a new efficient and easy method to use microwave organic synthesis suitable for obtaining pyrrolomycins in good yields and in suitable amount for their in vitro in-depth investigation. We evaluate the inhibitory activity towards Sortase A (SrtA), a transpeptidase responsible for covalent anchoring in Gram-positive peptidoglycan of many surface proteins involved in adhesion and in biofilm formation. All compounds show a good inhibitory activity toward SrtA, having IC50 values ranging from 130 to 300 µM comparable to berberine hydrochloride. Of note compound 1d shows a good affinity in docking experiment to SrtA and exhibits the highest capability to interfere with biofilm formation of S. aureus showing an IC50 of 3.4 nM. This compound is also effective in altering S. aureus murein hydrolase activity that is known to be responsible for degradation, turnover, and maturation of bacterial peptidoglycan and involved in the initial stages of S. aureus biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Valeria Raimondi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Roberta Listro
- Drug Sciences Department, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Cusimano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Mery La Franca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Teresa Faddetta
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Gallo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Domenico Schillaci
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Simona Collina
- Drug Sciences Department, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Ainars Leonchiks
- APP Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre (BMC), Rātsupītes iela 1, LV-1067 Rīga, Latvia.
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
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20
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Zhao J, Zhou C, Wu C, Wu H, Zhu C, Ye C, Wang S, Zou D. Fe 3+-Induced Synchronous Formation of Composite Hydrogels for Effective Synergistic Tumor Therapy in NIR-I/II Biowindows. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:41947-41955. [PMID: 30430823 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alginate-Ca2+ hydrogel has been used to immobilize photothermal materials as well as chemotherapy drugs at lesion sites to prevent their entry into the bloodstream. However, the alginate-Ca2+ gelation mechanism may result in hardening of the blood vessels because of Ca2+ migration to the lesion site. In this study, a unique and facile one-pot formation of chemotherapeutic (doxorubicin, DOX) and polypyrrole-containing alginate hydrogel was designed by introducing Fe3+, which can synchronously induce the polymerization of pyrrole and gelatinization of alginate, into the DOX/pyrrole/alginate solution. The formed composite hydrogel was endowed with superior photothermal conversion properties in both the NIR-I (650-950 nm) and NIR-II (1000-1700 nm) biowindows and light-to-heat conversion efficiency higher than 50%, which enabled effective tumor hyperthermia treatment. Besides, near-infrared (NIR) irradiation could be used as a remote controller to trigger the DOX-release because of the heat generation, thus achieving continuous and on-demand tumor chemotherapy. The composite polymer hydrogels exhibited favorable hemo-, cyto-, and histocompatibility, as well as simple and cost-effective preparation and good clinical prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiulong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , No. 168 Changhai Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Chunhua Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , No. 168 Changhai Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Chenyao Wu
- College of Science , University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , No. 334 Jungong Road , Shanghai 200093 , China
| | - Huan Wu
- College of Science , University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , No. 334 Jungong Road , Shanghai 200093 , China
| | - Chunping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , No. 168 Changhai Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Changqing Ye
- College of Science , University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , No. 334 Jungong Road , Shanghai 200093 , China
| | - Shige Wang
- College of Science , University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , No. 334 Jungong Road , Shanghai 200093 , China
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , No. 168 Changhai Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
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21
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Vilimas T, Wang AQ, Patnaik S, Hughes EA, Singleton MD, Knotts Z, Li D, Frankowski K, Schlomer JJ, Guerin TM, Springer S, Drennan C, Dextras C, Wang C, Gilbert D, Southall N, Ferrer M, Huang S, Kozlov S, Marugan J, Xu X, Rudloff U. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of the PNC disassembler metarrestin in wild-type and Pdx1-Cre;LSL-Kras G12D/+;Tp53 R172H/+ (KPC) mice, a genetically engineered model of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 82:1067-1080. [PMID: 30306263 PMCID: PMC6267684 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3699-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metarrestin is a first-in-class small molecule clinical candidate capable of disrupting the perinucleolar compartment, a subnuclear structure unique to metastatic cancer cells. This study aims to define the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of metarrestin and the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship of metarrestin-regulated markers. METHODS PK studies included the administration of single or multiple dose of metarrestin at 3, 10, or 25 mg/kg via intravenous (IV) injection, gavage (PO) or with chow to wild-type C57BL/6 mice and KPC mice bearing autochthonous pancreatic tumors. Metarrestin concentrations were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. Pharmacodynamic assays included mRNA expression profiling by RNA-seq and qRT-PCR for KPC mice. RESULTS Metarrestin had a moderate plasma clearance of 48 mL/min/kg and a large volume of distribution of 17 L/kg at 3 mg/kg IV in C57BL/6 mice. The oral bioavailability after single-dose (SD) treatment was > 80%. In KPC mice treated with SD 25 mg/kg PO, plasma AUC0-∞ of 14400 ng h/mL, Cmax of 810 ng/mL and half-life (t1/2) of 8.5 h were observed. At 24 h after SD of 25 mg/kg PO, the intratumor concentration of metarrestin was high with a mean value of 6.2 µg/g tissue (or 13 µM), well above the cell-based IC50 of 0.4 µM. At multiple dose (MD) 25 mg/kg/day PO in KPC mice, mean tissue/plasma AUC0-24h ratio for tumor, spleen and liver was 37, 30 and 31, respectively. There was a good linear relationship of dosage to AUC0-24h and C24h. AUC0-24h MD to AUC0-24h SD ratios ranged from two for liver to five for tumor indicating additional accumulation in tumors. Dose-dependent normalization of FOXA1 and FOXO6 mRNA expression was observed in KPC tumors. CONCLUSIONS Metarrestin is an effective therapeutic candidate with a favorable PK profile achieving excellent intratumor tissue levels in a disease with known poor drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Vilimas
- Molecular Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Amy Q Wang
- Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases (TRND) Program, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Samarjit Patnaik
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Emma A Hughes
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Marc D Singleton
- Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Zachary Knotts
- Rare Tumor Initiative (RTI), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Hatfield Center, 10 Center Drive, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dandan Li
- Rare Tumor Initiative (RTI), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Hatfield Center, 10 Center Drive, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Frankowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Specialized Chemistry Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Jerome J Schlomer
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Theresa M Guerin
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Stephanie Springer
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Catherine Drennan
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Christopher Dextras
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Debra Gilbert
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Noel Southall
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Sui Huang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Serguei Kozlov
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Juan Marugan
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bldg B, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Xin Xu
- Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases (TRND) Program, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Udo Rudloff
- Rare Tumor Initiative (RTI), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Hatfield Center, 10 Center Drive, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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22
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van der Ark PD, Golor G, van Nueten L, Nandy P, de Boer P. Multiple daytime administration of the selective orexin-2 receptor antagonist JNJ-42847922 induces somnolence in healthy subjects without residual central effects. J Psychopharmacol 2018; 32:1330-1340. [PMID: 30182786 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118791521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and general safety and tolerability of JNJ-42847922, a selective orexin-2 receptor antagonist, were assessed in healthy subjects. METHODS Five consecutive cohorts of healthy subjects were enrolled and received doses of 5-60 mg orally once daily over 10 days of JNJ-42847922 ( n=6) or placebo ( n=2). Concentrations of drug in plasma and urine were measured over 24 h after dosing on Days 1, 5 and 10. Observed- and self-reported somnolence was used to evaluate the principal pharmacodynamic effect of JNJ-42847922. A test battery to assess vigilance state, sedation and alertness was assessed at 4, 6 and 8 h after dosing. Safety assessments included recording of adverse events, vital signs, electrocardiograms, clinical laboratory assessments and suicidality per Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. RESULTS JNJ-42847922 was rapidly absorbed after the morning dose administration. The median tmax ranged from 0.5-1.5 h and mean t1/2 values from 2-3 h. At JNJ-42847922 dose levels ⩾20 mg, mean Cmax and mean area under the curve, values increased less than dose proportionally. At doses ⩾20 mg, JNJ-42847922 consistently induced somnolence on all study days. At four hours post-dose administration, dose levels >5 mg JNJ-42847922 were identified as sedating by the Addiction Research Center Inventory-49. Except for a mild decrease in attention (Bond and Lader Visual Analogue Scale Factor 1) at dose levels >10 mg at four hours post-dose, no clinically relevant changes in other central measures have been observed. JNJ-42847922 was well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D van der Ark
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - Luc van Nueten
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Partha Nandy
- 3 Department of Global Clinical Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development US, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Peter de Boer
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
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23
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Bendell JC, Patel MR, Moore KN, Chua CC, Arkenau HT, Dukart G, Harrow K, Liang C. Phase I, First-in-Human, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Vorolanib in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. Oncologist 2018; 24:455-e121. [PMID: 30478190 PMCID: PMC6459237 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lessons Learned. Pharmacokinetic results underscore that the vorolanib (X‐82) study design was successful without the need for further dose escalation beyond 400 mg once daily (q.d.). Therefore, the recommended dose of X‐82 as a single agent in patients with advanced cancer is 400 mg q.d.
Background. Vorolanib (X‐82) is a novel, oral, multikinase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor/platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor inhibitor that was developed on the same chemical scaffold as sunitinib, but designed to improve upon the safety profile while maintaining the efficacy of sunitinib. By targeting the VEGF and PDGF receptors, X‐82 was expected to disrupt tumor angiogenesis and be active in a broad spectrum of solid tumors. Therefore, we determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and characterized the preliminary pharmacokinetics and clinical tumor response of X‐82 as a single agent in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods. Adult patients with advanced solid tumors received X‐82 as tablets or capsules (once daily [q.d.] or b.i.d.) every 4 weeks. Patients were evaluated for response every 8 weeks, and continued treatment until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Results. Fifty‐two patients received study treatment in 17 cohorts. X‐82 capsule dosing was as follows: cohorts 1–6 (20–400 mg q.d.) and cohorts 7–8 (140–200 mg b.i.d.). Patients in cohorts 9–17 received 50–800 mg q.d. tablet dosing. The median time on treatment was 58 days. X‐82 blood pharmacokinetics appeared dose‐independent with a t1/2 of 5.13 hours and 6.48 hours for capsule and tablet formulations, respectively. No apparent accumulation was observed after 21 days of daily dosing. Conclusion. X‐82 had a safety profile consistent with its mechanism of action. It has a short half‐life and was well tolerated by most patients. Study enrollment ended prior to the determination of the MTD because of the apparent saturation of absorption at 400–800 mg. The recommended dose of X‐82 as a single agent in patients with advanced cancer is 400 mg q.d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna C Bendell
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Manish R Patel
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Florida Cancer Specialists & Research Institute, Sarasota, Florida, USA
| | - Kathleen N Moore
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | | | - Gary Dukart
- Equinox Sciences, LLC, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, USA
| | - Kim Harrow
- Equinox Sciences, LLC, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, USA
| | - Chris Liang
- Equinox Sciences, LLC, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, USA
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24
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Dean E, Banerji U, Schellens JHM, Krebs MG, Jimenez B, van Brummelen E, Bailey C, Casson E, Cripps D, Cullberg M, Evans S, Foxley A, Lindemann J, Rugman P, Taylor N, Turner G, Yates J, Lawrence P. A Phase 1, open-label, multicentre study to compare the capsule and tablet formulations of AZD5363 and explore the effect of food on the pharmacokinetic exposure, safety and tolerability of AZD5363 in patients with advanced solid malignancies: OAK. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 81:873-883. [PMID: 29541803 PMCID: PMC5907623 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE AZD5363 is a potent pan-AKT inhibitor originally formulated as a capsule; a tablet was developed for patient convenience and manufacturing ease. This study assessed the PK comparability of both formulations (Part A) and the effect of food (Part B) on the PK/safety of the tablet. METHODS Adults with advanced solid tumours received AZD5363 480 mg bid in a partially fasted state by tablet (Week 1) and capsule (Week 2) in a '4-days-on/3-days-off' schedule (Part A). PK parameters were evaluated using pre-defined 90% CIs for AUCτ and Cmax ratios of 0.75-1.33 to assess comparability. In Part B, AZD5363 tablet was given to a new cohort of patients under the same conditions as Part A, except on the morning of PK assessment days, when it was administered after an overnight fast (Week 1) and standard meal (Week 2). RESULTS In evaluable patients (N = 11), the geometric least-squares mean ratios (tablet:capsule) for AUCτ and Cmax were 0.90 (0.77-1.06) and 1.02 (0.86-1.20), respectively, demonstrating comparable PK in the partially fasted state. Tablet and capsule safety data were also comparable. Tablet PK profiles indicated later tmax and lower Cmax after food versus overnight fast. Fed and fasted AUCτ and Cmax ratios were 0.89 (0.76-1.05) and 0.67 (0.55-0.82), respectively (N = 9). The safety/tolerability profile of the tablet was comparable between fed and fasted states. CONCLUSIONS PK and safety/tolerability of AZD5363 tablet and capsule were comparable. Food did not affect the bioavailability of AZD5363, but reduced the absorption rate without discernibly affecting safety/tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Dean
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- AstraZeneca, Da Vinci Building, Melbourn Science Park, Melbourn, Hertfordshire, SG8 6HB, UK.
| | | | | | - Matthew G Krebs
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ed Casson
- IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul Rugman
- IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - James Yates
- IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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25
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Banerji U, Dean EJ, Pérez-Fidalgo JA, Batist G, Bedard PL, You B, Westin SN, Kabos P, Garrett MD, Tall M, Ambrose H, Barrett JC, Carr TH, Cheung SYA, Corcoran C, Cullberg M, Davies BR, de Bruin EC, Elvin P, Foxley A, Lawrence P, Lindemann JPO, Maudsley R, Pass M, Rowlands V, Rugman P, Schiavon G, Yates J, Schellens JHM. A Phase I Open-Label Study to Identify a Dosing Regimen of the Pan-AKT Inhibitor AZD5363 for Evaluation in Solid Tumors and in PIK3CA-Mutated Breast and Gynecologic Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2050-2059. [PMID: 29066505 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This phase I, open-label study (Study 1, D3610C00001; NCT01226316) was the first-in-human evaluation of oral AZD5363, a selective pan-AKT inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid malignancies. The objectives were to investigate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of AZD5363, define a recommended dosing schedule, and evaluate preliminary clinical activity.Experimental Design: Patients were aged ≥18 years with World Health Organization (WHO) performance status of 0 to 1. Dose escalation was conducted within separate continuous and intermittent [4 days/week (4/7) or 2 days/week (2/7)] schedules with safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic analyses. Expansion cohorts of approximately 20 patients each explored AZD5363 activity in PIK3CA-mutant breast and gynecologic cancers.Results: MTDs were 320, 480, and 640 mg for continuous (n = 47), 4/7 (n = 21), and 2/7 (n = 22) schedules, respectively. Dose-limiting toxicities were rash and diarrhea for continuous, hyperglycemia for 2/7, and none for 4/7. Common adverse events were diarrhea (78%) and nausea (49%) and, for Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥3 events, hyperglycemia (20%). The recommended phase II dose (480 mg bid, 4/7 intermittent) was assessed in PIK3CA-mutant breast and gynecologic expansion cohorts: 46% and 56% of patients, respectively, showed a reduction in tumor size, with RECIST responses of 4% and 8%. These responses were less than the prespecified 20% response rate; therefore, the criteria to stop further recruitment to the PIK3CA-mutant cohort were met.Conclusions: At the recommended phase II dose, AZD5363 was well tolerated and achieved plasma levels and robust target modulation in tumors. Proof-of-concept responses were observed in patients with PIK3CA-mutant cancers treated with AZD5363. Clin Cancer Res; 24(9); 2050-9. ©2017 AACRSee related commentary by Costa and Bosch, p. 2029.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udai Banerji
- Clinical Pharmacology and Trials, Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Emma J Dean
- Medical Oncology (Drug Development), University of Manchester and The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - J Alejandro Pérez-Fidalgo
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gerald Batist
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Philippe L Bedard
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Benoit You
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, CITOHL, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Peter Kabos
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Mathew Tall
- Clinical PD Biomarker Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul Elvin
- IMED, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Pass
- IMED, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul Rugman
- IMED, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - James Yates
- IMED, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jan H M Schellens
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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26
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Cawrse BM, Lapidus RS, Cooper B, Choi EY, Seley-Radtke KL. Anticancer Properties of Halogenated Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines with Decreased Toxicity via N5 Substitution. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:178-185. [PMID: 29193845 PMCID: PMC5912934 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Halogenated pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine analogues have shown antiproliferative activity in recent studies, with cell accumulation occurring in the G2 /M stage without apoptosis. However, the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of these compounds has yet to be determined. To investigate the PK profile of these compounds, a series of halogenated pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine compounds was synthesized and first tested for activity in various cancer cell lines followed by a mouse model. EC50 values ranged from 0.014 to 14.5 μm, and maximum tolerated doses (MTD) in mice were between 5 and 10 mg kg-1 . This indicates a wide variance in activity and toxicity that necessitates further study. To decrease toxicity, a second series of compounds was synthesized with N5-alkyl substitutions in an effort to slow the rate of metabolism, which was thought to be leading to the toxicity. The N-substituted compounds demonstrated comparable cell line activity (EC50 values between 0.83-7.3 μm) with significantly decreased toxicity (MTD=40 mg kg-1 ). Finally, the PK profile of the active N5-substituted compound shows a plasma half-life of 32.7 minutes, and rapid conversion into the parent unsubstituted analogue. Together, these data indicate that halogenated pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines present a promising lead into potent antiproliferative agents with tunable activity and toxicity, and rapid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Cawrse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
| | - Rena S Lapidus
- Translational Laboratory Shared Service, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Brandon Cooper
- Translational Laboratory Shared Service, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Eun Yong Choi
- Translational Laboratory Shared Service, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Katherine L Seley-Radtke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
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27
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Frøling M, Mikkelsen C, Eggertsen PP, Stern M, van de Looij A, Deleuran B. [Inhibition of the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription is a new treatment modality of rheumatoid arthritis]. Ugeskr Laeger 2017; 179:V05170383. [PMID: 29084618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease. The introduction of a new class of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, which work by inhibiting the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway, has led to new possibilities for achieving remission of RA. Tofacitinib and baricitinib are both JAK/STAT inhibitors, which have shown efficacy in line with anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment. The side effects seem manageable, and up to now only increased risk of herpes zoster has raised consideration. JAK/STAT inhibitors create new possibilities for reaching low disease activity or remission for patients with RA.
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28
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Cheng L, Ruan W, Zou B, Liu Y, Wang Y. Chemical template-assisted synthesis of monodisperse rattle-type Fe 3O 4@C hollow microspheres as drug carrier. Acta Biomater 2017; 58:432-441. [PMID: 28602854 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A chemical template strategy was put forward to synthesize monodisperse rattle-type magnetic carbon (Fe3O4@C) hollow microspheres. During the synthesis procedure, monodisperse Fe2O3 microspheres were used as chemical template, which released Fe3+ ions in acidic solution and initiated the in-situ polymerization of pyrrole into polypyrrole (PPy) shell. With the continual acidic etching of Fe2O3 microspheres, rattle-type Fe2O3@PPy microspheres were generated with the cavity appearing between the PPy shell and left Fe2O3 core, which were then transformed into Fe3O4@C hollow microspheres through calcination in nitrogen atmosphere. Compared with traditional physical template, the shell and cavity of rattle-type hollow microspheres were generated in one step using the chemical template method, which obviously saved the complex procedures including the coating and removal of middle shells. The experimental results exhibited that the rattle-type Fe3O4@C hollow microspheres with different parameters could be regulated through controlled synthesis of the intermediate Fe2O3@PPy product. Moreover, when the rattle-type Fe3O4@C hollow microspheres were investigated as drug carrier, they manifested sustained-release behaviour of doxorubicin, justifying their promising applications as carriers in drug delivery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The aim of the present study was first to synthesize rattle-type Fe3O4@C hollow microspheres through a simple synthesis method as a drug carrier. Here a chemical template synthesis of rattle-type hollow microspheres was developed, which saved the complex procedures including the coating and removal of middle shells in traditional physical template. Second, all the influence factors in the reaction processes were systematically investigated to obtain rattle-type Fe3O4@C hollow microspheres with controlled parameters. Third, the rattle-type Fe3O4@C hollow microspheres were studied as drug carriers and the influences of their structural parameters on drug loading and releasing performance were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of the Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China
| | - Weimin Ruan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Bingfang Zou
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of the Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China; School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of the Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China.
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29
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Bertolaso P, Gross-Goupil M, Molimard M, Cochin V, Ravaud A, Daste A. Drug Interaction With Sunitinib and the Evidence of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2017; 15:e885-e887. [PMID: 28552572 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bertolaso
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-André, University Hospital-CHU Bordeaux, France
| | - Marine Gross-Goupil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-André, University Hospital-CHU Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Molimard
- Pharmacology Department, Université de Bordeaux INSERM U657, Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Cochin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-André, University Hospital-CHU Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alain Ravaud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-André, University Hospital-CHU Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Amaury Daste
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-André, University Hospital-CHU Bordeaux, France.
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30
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SUZUKI MISAKI, TSE SUSANNA, HIRAI MIDORI, KUREBAYASHI YOICHI. Application of Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for the Prediction of Tofacitinib Exposure in Japanese. Kobe J Med Sci 2017; 62:E150-E161. [PMID: 28490712 PMCID: PMC5436529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tofacitinib (3-[(3R,4R)-4-methyl-3-[methyl(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]piperidin-1-yl]-3 -oxopropanenitrile) is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor that is approved in countries including Japan and the United States for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and is being developed across the globe for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In the present study, a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model was applied to compare the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib in Japanese and Caucasians to assess the potential impact of ethnicity on the dosing regimen in the two populations. Simulated plasma concentration profiles and pharmacokinetic parameters, i.e. maximum concentration and area under plasma concentration-time curve, in Japanese and Caucasian populations after single or multiple doses of 1 to 30 mg tofacitinib were in agreement with clinically observed data. The similarity in simulated exposure between Japanese and Caucasian populations supports the currently approved dosing regimen in Japan and the United States, where there is no recommendation for dose adjustment according to race. Simulated results for single (1 to 100 mg) or multiple doses (5 mg twice daily) of tofacitinib in extensive and poor metabolizers of CYP2C19, an enzyme which has been shown to contribute in part to tofacitinib elimination and is known to exhibit higher frequency in Japanese compared to Caucasians, were also in support of no recommendation for dose adjustment in CYP2C19 poor metabolizers. This study demonstrated a successful application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling in evaluating ethnic sensitivity in pharmacokinetics at early stages of development, presenting its potential value as an efficient and scientific method for optimal dose setting in the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- MISAKI SUZUKI
- Department of Integrated Drug Discovery Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - MIDORI HIRAI
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmaceutics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - YOICHI KUREBAYASHI
- Department of Integrated Drug Discovery Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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31
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Sandborn WJ, Su C, Sands BE, D'Haens GR, Vermeire S, Schreiber S, Danese S, Feagan BG, Reinisch W, Niezychowski W, Friedman G, Lawendy N, Yu D, Woodworth D, Mukherjee A, Zhang H, Healey P, Panés J. Tofacitinib as Induction and Maintenance Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis. N Engl J Med 2017; 376:1723-1736. [PMID: 28467869 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1606910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 993] [Impact Index Per Article: 141.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tofacitinib, an oral, small-molecule Janus kinase inhibitor, was shown to have potential efficacy as induction therapy for ulcerative colitis in a phase 2 trial. We further evaluated the efficacy of tofacitinib as induction and maintenance therapy. METHODS We conducted three phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of tofacitinib therapy in adults with ulcerative colitis. In the OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 trials, 598 and 541 patients, respectively, who had moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis despite previous conventional therapy or therapy with a tumor necrosis factor antagonist were randomly assigned to receive induction therapy with tofacitinib (10 mg twice daily) or placebo for 8 weeks. The primary end point was remission at 8 weeks. In the OCTAVE Sustain trial, 593 patients who had a clinical response to induction therapy were randomly assigned to receive maintenance therapy with tofacitinib (either 5 mg or 10 mg twice daily) or placebo for 52 weeks. The primary end point was remission at 52 weeks. RESULTS In the OCTAVE Induction 1 trial, remission at 8 weeks occurred in 18.5% of the patients in the tofacitinib group versus 8.2% in the placebo group (P=0.007); in the OCTAVE Induction 2 trial, remission occurred in 16.6% versus 3.6% (P<0.001). In the OCTAVE Sustain trial, remission at 52 weeks occurred in 34.3% of the patients in the 5-mg tofacitinib group and 40.6% in the 10-mg tofacitinib group versus 11.1% in the placebo group (P<0.001 for both comparisons with placebo). In the OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 trials, the rates of overall infection and serious infection were higher with tofacitinib than with placebo. In the OCTAVE Sustain trial, the rate of serious infection was similar across the three treatment groups, and the rates of overall infection and herpes zoster infection were higher with tofacitinib than with placebo. Across all three trials, adjudicated nonmelanoma skin cancer occurred in five patients who received tofacitinib and in one who received placebo, and adjudicated cardiovascular events occurred in five who received tofacitinib and in none who received placebo; as compared with placebo, tofacitinib was associated with increased lipid levels. CONCLUSIONS In patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis, tofacitinib was more effective as induction and maintenance therapy than placebo. (Funded by Pfizer; OCTAVE Induction 1, OCTAVE Induction 2, and OCTAVE Sustain ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01465763 , NCT01458951 , and NCT01458574 , respectively.).
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Sandborn
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Chinyu Su
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Bruce E Sands
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Geert R D'Haens
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Séverine Vermeire
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Silvio Danese
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Brian G Feagan
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Walter Reinisch
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Wojciech Niezychowski
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Gary Friedman
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Nervin Lawendy
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Dahong Yu
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Deborah Woodworth
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Arnab Mukherjee
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Haiying Zhang
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Paul Healey
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
| | - Julian Panés
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (W.J.S.); Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (C.S., W.N., G.F., N.L., D.Y., D.W., H.Z.); Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.E.S.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (G.R.D.); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.V.); Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (S.S.); the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan (S.D.); Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London (B.G.F.), and McMaster University, Hamilton (W.R.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Pfizer, Groton, CT (A.M., P.H.); and the Networking Biomedical Research Center on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.P.)
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Lahti S, Ludwig JM, Xing M, Sun L, Zeng D, Kim HS. In vitro biologic efficacy of sunitinib drug-eluting beads on human colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma-A pilot study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174539. [PMID: 28384190 PMCID: PMC5383050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sunitinib drug eluting beads (DEB) are a novel anti-angiogenic bead preparation for use in transarterial chemoembolization. However, systematic studies of sunitinib DEB’s effect on cancer cells have not been reported. Herein, we assess their direct biologic efficacy against carcinoma cell lines and correlate cell viability with drug release in vitro. Materials and methods Sunitinib-HCl (10mg/mL) in Milli-Q water was mixed with LC Bead® 300–500μm (Biocompatibles UK Ltd.). Loading and release were assessed by measurement of drug UV absorbance using UV-visible spectrophotometer. Viability of human colorectal cancer (CRC, HCT116 and HT29) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, HepG2) cells upon exposure to sunitinib DEB was measured using a bioluminescent assay. Drug concentration during exposure was quantified using HPLC. Results When added to cultured HepG2 cells, sunitinib DEB rapidly inhibited viability with a significant decrease observed within 1 hour of incubation. Viability of HCT116 and HT29 cells decreased relatively slower, with significant reductions observed after 8 and 24 hours, respectively. After 24 hours there was nearly complete inhibition of all three cell lines. There was no difference in viability observed between cells treated with 5 μl, 10 μL, or 20 μL of sunitinib DEB. HPLC analysis of the cell culture supernatant demonstrated saturation of the cell medium within approximately 4 hours for each amount added, with sunitinib achieving a final concentration of 17.61 μM (SE ±1.01). Conclusions Sunitinib can be efficiently loaded to and released from LC beads, and the resulting sunitinib DEB demonstrate strong in vitro inhibition of human CRC and HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Lahti
- Interventional Oncology Translational Laboratory, Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Presbyterian South Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Johannes M. Ludwig
- Interventional Oncology Translational Laboratory, Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Presbyterian South Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Minzhi Xing
- Interventional Oncology Translational Laboratory, Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Presbyterian South Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Lingyi Sun
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Dexing Zeng
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HSK); (DZ)
| | - Hyun S. Kim
- Interventional Oncology Translational Laboratory, Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Presbyterian South Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HSK); (DZ)
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Gogliotti RD, Blobaum AL, Morrison RM, Daniels JS, Salovich JM, Cheung YY, Rodriguez AL, Loch MT, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Hopkins CR. Discovery and characterization of a novel series of N-phenylsulfonyl-1H-pyrrole picolinamides as positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2984-2987. [PMID: 27234146 PMCID: PMC4955388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel series of N-phenylsulfonyl-1H-pyrrole picolinamides as novel positive allosteric modulators of mGlu4. We detail our work towards finding phenyl replacements for the core scaffold of previously reported phenyl sulfonamides and phenyl sulfone compounds. Our efforts culminated in the identification of N-(1-((3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)picolinamide as a potent PAM of mGlu4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco D Gogliotti
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Ryan M Morrison
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - J Scott Daniels
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - James M Salovich
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Yiu-Yin Cheung
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Matthew T Loch
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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Chouhan JD, Zamarripa DE, Lai PH, Oramasionwu CU, Grabinski JL. Sunitinib (Sutent®): A novel agent for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2016; 13:5-15. [PMID: 17621562 DOI: 10.1177/1078155207077924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To provide a review of the clinical data supporting the use of sunitinib (Sutent®), a multitargeted, small molecule, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with focus on its approved indication for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma in patients with metastatic disease requiring drug therapy.Data sources. A MEDLINE search of the medical literature was conducted using the terms ‘sunitinib’ and ‘SU11248’. References from the articles were reviewed and relevant sources were included. Data summary. The introduction of dual tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors is a novel approach to treating advanced metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) by preventing angiogenesis and tumor growth. Based on its ability to inhibit several targets involved in angiogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation, sunitinib offers patients with mRCC an alternative for treatment. A recent Phase III study evaluating sunitinib as first-line therapy showed a significant difference when compared to interferonalfa (IFN-α) for a progression-free survival of 11 months in the sunitinib arm and 5 months in the IFN-α arm (hazard ratio 0.42; 95% CI 0.32–0.54; P50.001). Two Phase II trials determined sunitinib was effective as second-line therapy in mRCC patients who failed previous cytokine treatment. Partial response rates were 40% (95% CI 28%–53%) and 34% (95% CI 25%–44%). Multiple ongoing trials are currently underway to evaluate sunitinib for first-line therapy in mRCC. J Oncol Pharm Practice (2007) 13: 5–16.
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Calbet M, Andrés M, Armengol C, Bravo M, Eichhorn P, López R, García-González V, Roberts R, Miralpeix M. Pharmacological characterization of CRTh2 antagonist LAS191859: Long receptor residence time translates into long-lasting in vivo efficacy. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:208-216. [PMID: 27317944 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T-helper type 2 cells (CRTh2) is a G protein-coupled receptor expressed on the leukocytes most closely associated with asthma and allergy like eosinophils, mast cells, Th2-lymphocytes and basophils. At present it is clear that CRTh2 mediates most prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) pro-inflammatory effects and as a result antagonists for this receptor have reached asthma clinical studies showing a trend of lung function improvement. The challenge remains to identify compounds with improved clinical efficacy when administered once a day. Herein we described the pharmacological profile of LAS191859, a novel, potent and selective CRTh2 antagonist. In vitro evidence in GTPγS binding studies indicate that LAS191859 is a CRTh2 antagonist with activity in the low nanomolar range. This potency is also maintained in cellular assays performed with human eosinophils and whole blood. The main differentiation of LAS191859 vs other CRTh2 antagonists is in its receptor binding kinetics. LAS191859 has a residence time half-life of 21h at CRTh2 that translates into a long-lasting in vivo efficacy that is independent of plasma levels. We believe that the strategy behind this compound will allow optimal efficacy and posology for chronic asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Calbet
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miriam Andrés
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Armengol
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Bravo
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Eichhorn
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa López
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Richard Roberts
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Miralpeix
- Almirall R&D Centre, Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Goulooze SC, Galettis P, Boddy AV, Martin JH. Monte Carlo simulations of the clinical benefits from therapeutic drug monitoring of sunitinib in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 78:209-16. [PMID: 27295055 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is being considered as a tool to individualise sunitinib treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST). Here, we used computer simulations to assess the expected impact of sunitinib TDM on the clinical outcome of patients with GIST. METHODS Monte Carlo simulations were performed in R, based on previously published pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models. Clinical trials with dose-limiting toxicity and patient dropout were simulated to establish the study size required to obtain sufficient statistical power for comparison of TDM-guided and fixed dosing. RESULTS The simulations revealed that TDM might increase time to tumour progression by about 1-2 months (15-31 %) in eligible patients. However, the number of subjects required for a sufficient statistical power to quantify clinical benefit of TDM guided is likely to be prohibitively high (>1000). CONCLUSION Although data from randomised clinical trials on the clinical impact of sunitinib TDM are lacking, our findings support implementation of sunitinib TDM in clinical practice. For rare cancers with well-defined exposure-response relationships, modelling and simulation might allow the optimisation of dosing strategies when clinical trials cannot be performed due to low number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan C Goulooze
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Galettis
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan V Boddy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer H Martin
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
- Calvary Mater Hospital, Waratah, NSW, Australia.
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Otake K, Sakurai Y, Nishida H, Fukui H, Tagawa Y, Yamasaki H, Karashima M, Otsuka K, Inatomi N. Characteristics of the Novel Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker Vonoprazan Fumarate (TAK-438). Adv Ther 2016; 33:1140-57. [PMID: 27287852 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-016-0345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Otake
- Global Medical Affairs Japan Department, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuuichi Sakurai
- Clinical Science, Takeda Development Center Japan, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Nishida
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideo Fukui
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tagawa
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hitomi Yamasaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Karashima
- Analytical Development Laboratories, CMC Center, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiichi Otsuka
- Analytical Development Laboratories, CMC Center, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Inatomi
- Extra Value Generation Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
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Harrison SJ, Mainwaring P, Price T, Millward MJ, Padrik P, Underhill CR, Cannell PK, Reich SD, Trikha M, Spencer A. Phase I Clinical Trial of Marizomib (NPI-0052) in Patients with Advanced Malignancies Including Multiple Myeloma: Study NPI-0052-102 Final Results. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4559-66. [PMID: 27117181 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Marizomib (NPI-0052) is an irreversible proteasome inhibitor, derived from a marine actinomycete, with activity and specificity that is distinct from other proteasome inhibitors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Phase I study (NPI-0052-102) evaluated the MTD, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of marizomib intravenously on two dosing schedules. RESULTS Forty-two patients with advanced malignancies received Schedule A (0.1-0.9 mg/m(2) over 1-10 minutes on days 1, 8, 15 in 4-week cycles); 44 patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) and other hematologic malignancies received Schedule B (0.075-0.6 mg/m(2) over 1 minute to 2 hours on days 1, 4, 8, 11, in 3-week cycles). The Schedule A recommended phase II dose was 0.7 mg/m(2) over 10 minutes; Schedule B was 0.5 mg/m(2) over 2 hours. The most common (>25% of patients) related adverse events were fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, and infusion site pain (Schedule A); and fatigue (Schedule B). Overall response rate of 11% was seen in 27 efficacy-evaluable RRMM Schedule B patients (1 very good partial response, 3 partial responses, 4 minimal responses, and 12 stable disease). One Schedule A patient with transformed marginal zone lymphoma had complete response. Marizomib has a short half-life (<30 minutes), with high volume of distribution (∼15-416 L) and clearance (∼0.9-22 L/minutes). CONCLUSIONS Marizomib does not exhibit the severe peripheral neuropathy or hematologic toxicity observed with other proteasome inhibitors. Marizomib was generally well tolerated with low-dose dexamethasone, demonstrated activity in heavily pretreated RRMM patients, and warrants further evaluation. Clin Cancer Res; 22(18); 4559-66. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Harrison
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Paul Mainwaring
- Mater Adult Hospital South Brisbane, Australia (currently Icon Cancer Care, South Brisbane, Australia)
| | | | - Michael J Millward
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia. University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Low SK, Fukunaga K, Takahashi A, Matsuda K, Hongo F, Nakanishi H, Kitamura H, Inoue T, Kato Y, Tomita Y, Fukasawa S, Tanaka T, Nishimura K, Uemura H, Hara I, Fujisawa M, Matsuyama H, Hashine K, Tatsugami K, Enokida H, Kubo M, Miki T, Mushiroda T. Association Study of a Functional Variant on ABCG2 Gene with Sunitinib-Induced Severe Adverse Drug Reaction. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148177. [PMID: 26914831 PMCID: PMC4767438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and used as the first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Nevertheless, inter-individual variability of drug's toxicity was often observed among patients who received sunitinib treatment. This study is to investigate the association of a functional germline variant on ABCG2 that affects the pharmacokinetics of sunitinib with sunitinib-induced toxicity of RCC patients in the Japanese population. A total of 219 RCC patients were recruited to this pharmacogenetic study. ABCG2 421C>A (Q141K) was genotyped by using PCR-Invader assay. The associations of both clinical and genetic variables were evaluated with logistic regression analysis and subsequently receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted. About 43% (92/216) of RCC patients that received sunitinib treatment developed severe grade 3 or grade 4 thrombocytopenia according to the National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0, the most common sunitinib-induced adverse reaction in this study. In the univariate analysis, both age (P = 7.77x10(-3), odds ratio (OR) = 1.04, 95%CI = 1.01-1.07) and ABCG2 421C>A (P = 1.87x10(-2), OR = 1.71, 95%CI = 1.09-2.68) showed association with sunitinib-induced severe thrombocytopenia. Multivariate analysis indicated that the variant ABCG2 421C>A is suggestively associated with severe thrombocytopenia (P = 8.41x10(-3), OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.17-2.94) after adjustment of age as a confounding factor. The area under curve (AUC) of the risk prediction model that utilized age and ABCG2 421C>A was 0.648 with sensitivity of 0.859 and specificity of 0.415. Severe thrombocytopenia is the most common adverse reaction of sunitinib treatment in Japanese RCC patients. ABCG2 421C>A could explain part of the inter-individual variability of sunitinib-induced severe thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew-Kee Low
- Core for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Koya Fukunaga
- Core for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Core for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiya Hongo
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tomoaki Tanaka
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishimura
- Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Isao Hara
- Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Hideki Enokida
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Core for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Taisei Mushiroda
- Core for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Sobańska K, Karbownik A, Szałek E, Płotek W, Grabowski T, Szewczyk A, Marcinkowska D, Połom W, Matuszewski M, Grześkowiak E. The influence of the time-of-day administration of sunitinib on the penetration through the blood-brain and blood-aqueous humour barriers in rabbits. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20:166-173. [PMID: 26813470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sunitinib is a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that exerts anti-tumor and antiangiogenic activity. It is used for the treatment of metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours, renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. A few studies confirm the anti-tumour activity of sunitinib in brain tumours and uveal melanoma, as well as its efficacy in the reduction of brain metastases of some primary cancers. Therefore, the penetration of sunitinib through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-aqueous humour barrier (BAB) is an issue of growing interest. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the time-of-day administration on the penetration of sunitinib into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and aqueous humour (AH). MATERIALS AND METHODS The rabbits were divided into two groups: I (control group)--receiving sunitinib at 8 a.m., and II--receiving sunitinib at 8 p.m. Sunitinib was administered p.o. at a single dose of 25 mg. The concentrations of sunitinib and its active metabolite (SU12662) in the plasma, CSF, AH were measured with the validated HPLC-UV method. RESULTS The plasma AUC0-t for sunitinib in group I was 2051.8 ng × h/mL, whereas in group II it was 3069.3 ng × h/mL. The aqueous humour AUC0-t for sunitinib in thr groups were 43.2 and 76.3 ng × h/mL, respectively. The cerebrospinal AUC0-t for sunitinib in groups I and II were 55.5 and 66.3 ng × h/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS After the evening administration (8 p.m.) the exposure to sunitinib in the rabbits' plasma, AH and CSF was higher than after the morning administration (8 a.m.), but the degree of sunitinib penetration through the BAB and BBB was very low (< 5%) and comparable in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sobańska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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Le H, Fan PW, Wong S, Ma S, Driscoll JP, Hop CECA, Cyrus Khojasteh S. Elucidating the Mechanism of Tofacitinib Oxidative Decyanation. Drug Metab Lett 2016; 10:136-143. [PMID: 27117606 DOI: 10.2174/1872312810666160427104954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tofacitinib is known to generate two metabolites M2 (alcohol) and M4 (acid), which are formed as the result of oxidation and loss of the nitrile [1]. METHOD Systematic in vitro investigation into generation of M2 and M4 from tofacitinib. RESULTS In vitro using human liver microsomes, we found a new geminal diol metabolite of tofacitinib (MX) that lost the nitrile. MX was further reduced or oxidized to M2 (alcohol) and M4 (acid), respectively by enzymes such as aldo-keto reductase 1C1, aldehyde oxidase and possibly CYP3A4. Stable label studies using H2 18O and D2O suggested the source of oxygen was from water in the media. This was due to rapid water exchange with MX in the media prior to reduction to M2. In case of deuterium, one was incorporated in M2 and this was mainly as a result of tofacitinib rapid exchange of two deuterium atoms from D2O onto methylene position. After formation of MX, there was one deuterium that no longer exchanged with water and therefore retained in M2 for further reduction. CONCLUSION The proposed mechanism involved the initial oxidation by P450 at the α-carbon to the nitrile group generating an unstable cyanohydrin intermediate; followed by the loss of the nitrile group to form a new geminal diol metabolite (MX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa Le
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way MS 412a, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA.
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Tap WD, Wainberg ZA, Anthony SP, Ibrahim PN, Zhang C, Healey JH, Chmielowski B, Staddon AP, Cohn AL, Shapiro GI, Keedy VL, Singh AS, Puzanov I, Kwak EL, Wagner AJ, Von Hoff DD, Weiss GJ, Ramanathan RK, Zhang J, Habets G, Zhang Y, Burton EA, Visor G, Sanftner L, Severson P, Nguyen H, Kim MJ, Marimuthu A, Tsang G, Shellooe R, Gee C, West BL, Hirth P, Nolop K, van de Rijn M, Hsu HH, Peterfy C, Lin PS, Tong-Starksen S, Bollag G. Structure-Guided Blockade of CSF1R Kinase in Tenosynovial Giant-Cell Tumor. N Engl J Med 2015. [PMID: 26222558 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1411366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of the colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) gene is elevated in most tenosynovial giant-cell tumors. This observation has led to the discovery and clinical development of therapy targeting the CSF1 receptor (CSF1R). METHODS Using x-ray co-crystallography to guide our drug-discovery research, we generated a potent, selective CSF1R inhibitor, PLX3397, that traps the kinase in the autoinhibited conformation. We then conducted a multicenter, phase 1 trial in two parts to analyze this compound. In the first part, we evaluated escalations in the dose of PLX3397 that was administered orally in patients with solid tumors (dose-escalation study). In the second part, we evaluated PLX3397 at the chosen phase 2 dose in an extension cohort of patients with tenosynovial giant-cell tumors (extension study). Pharmacokinetic and tumor responses in the enrolled patients were assessed, and CSF1 in situ hybridization was performed to confirm the mechanism of action of PLX3397 and that the pattern of CSF1 expression was consistent with the pathological features of tenosynovial giant-cell tumor. RESULTS A total of 41 patients were enrolled in the dose-escalation study, and an additional 23 patients were enrolled in the extension study. The chosen phase 2 dose of PLX3397 was 1000 mg per day. In the extension study, 12 patients with tenosynovial giant-cell tumors had a partial response and 7 patients had stable disease. Responses usually occurred within the first 4 months of treatment, and the median duration of response exceeded 8 months. The most common adverse events included fatigue, change in hair color, nausea, dysgeusia, and periorbital edema; adverse events rarely led to discontinuation of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of tenosynovial giant-cell tumors with PLX3397 resulted in a prolonged regression in tumor volume in most patients. (Funded by Plexxikon; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01004861.).
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Tap
- From Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (W.D.T., J.H.H.) and Weill Cornell Medical College (W.D.T.) - both in New York; University of California, Los Angeles, Medical Center, Los Angeles (Z.A.W., B.C., A.S.S.), Plexxikon, Berkeley (P.N.I., C.Z., J.Z., G.H., Y.Z., E.A.B., G.V., L.S., P.S., H.N., M.J.K., A.M., G.T., R.S., C.G., B.L.W., P.H., K.N., H.H.H., P.S.L., S.T.-S., G.B.), and Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (M.R.) - all in California; Evergreen Hematology and Oncology, Spokane, WA (S.P.A.); University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia (A.P.S.); Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver (A.L.C.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (G.I.S., A.J.W.) and Massachusetts General Hospital (E.L.K.) - both in Boston; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (V.L.K., I.P.); Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center at Scottsdale Healthcare-Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Scottsdale, AZ (D.D.V.H., G.J.W., R.K.R.); and Spire Sciences, Boca Raton, FL (C.P.)
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Peng Z, Qin J, Li B, Ye K, Zhang Y, Yang X, Yuan F, Huang L, Hu J, Lu X. An effective approach to reduce inflammation and stenosis in carotid artery: polypyrrole nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy. Nanoscale 2015; 7:7682-7691. [PMID: 25833402 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr00542f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT), as a promising treatment for tumours, has rarely been reported for application in artery restenosis, which is a common complication of endovascular management due to enduring chronic inflammation and abnormal cell proliferation. In our study, biodegradable polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy-NPs) were synthesized and characterized, including their size distribution, UV-vis-NIR absorbance, molar extinction coefficients, and photothermal properties. We then verified that PPy-NP incubation followed by 915 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation could effectively ablate inflammatory macrophages in vitro, leading to significant cell apoptosis and cell death. Further, it was found that a combination of local PPy-NP injection with 915 nm NIR laser irradiation could significantly alleviate arterial inflammation by eliminating infiltrating macrophages and further ameliorating artery stenosis in an ApoE(-/-) mouse model, without showing any obvious toxic side effects. Thus, we propose that PTT based on PPy-NPs as photothermal agents and a 915 nm NIR laser as a power source can serve as a new effective treatment for reducing inflammation and stenosis formation in inflamed arteries after endovascular management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyou Peng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Icosapent ethyl is a high-purity prescription form of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester approved as an adjunct to diet to reduce triglyceride levels in adult patients with triglyceride levels ≥500 mg/dL (≥5.65 mmol/L). The objective of this open-label, drug-drug interaction study was to examine the effects of icosapent ethyl on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, a commonly prescribed medication in patients with dyslipidaemia. METHODS Thirty healthy subjects received atorvastatin 80 mg/day on days 1-7, icosapent ethyl 4 g/day on days 8-28, and co-administration on days 29-35. Primary end-points were natural log-transformed maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under the concentration-versus-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC(0-24)) for atorvastatin, 2-hydroxyatorvastatin, and 4-hydroxyatorvastatin with and without icosapent ethyl. RESULTS Of the 30 subjects enrolled, 26 completed the study. The 90% confidence intervals for C(max) and AUC(0-24) least-squares geometric mean ratios were within the 0.80-1.25 bounds. Concomitant administration of icosapent ethyl and atorvastatin was safe and well tolerated and icosapent ethyl did not significantly change the steady state C(max) and AUC(0-24) of atorvastatin, 2-hydroxyatorvastatin, or 4-hydroxyatorvastatin. CONCLUSIONS At steady-state concentrations, icosapent ethyl did not have an effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin. Co-administration of icosapent ethyl and atorvastatin was safe and well tolerated in healthy adult subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene A. Braeckman
- Amarin Pharma Inc., 1430 Route 206, Suite 200, Bedminster, NJ 07921 USA
| | | | - Paresh N. Soni
- Amarin Pharma Inc., 1430 Route 206, Suite 200, Bedminster, NJ 07921 USA
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45
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Willemsen AECAB, Bredie SJHB, Lobo CM, van der Vlugt MJ, Kramers C. [Choosing wisely when prescribing statins]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2015; 159:A8695. [PMID: 25990330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Dutch campaign 'Verstandig kiezen', based on the American programme 'Choosing wisely', aims to improve quality in healthcare, with attention to cost control. The 'Choosing wisely'-based programme can be applied in the choice of a statin. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin are regarded as equal choices in various guidelines regarding cardiovascular risk management. Generic atorvastatin is available, and is approximately 25 times cheaper than rosuvastatin in almost equipotent doses. Rosuvastatin provides a greater LDL reduction than atorvastatin. Patient LDL targets can usually be achieved with atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin is not needed. At group level, there are no relevant differences in adverse-events profile between both statins. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin do have different pharmacokinetic interactions. When changing medication, good provision of information is a prerequisite for patient satisfaction and compliance. We advise use of atorvastatin instead of rosuvastatin as drug of choice when the LDL target is not reached using simvastatin. However, under specific conditions, rosuvastatin should be the treatment of choice. Efficacy and adverse effects should then be evaluated at individual patient level.
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Malekinejad H, Rokhsartalab-Azar S, Hassani-Dizaj S, Alizadeh-Fanalou S, Rezabakhsh A, Amniattalab A. Effects of silymarin on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin in diabetic rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2014; 39:311-20. [PMID: 24346850 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-013-0166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of silymarin (SMN) on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin in diabetic rats was evaluated. Male Wistar rats were assigned into two major groups and then sub-grouped according to the purposes of the study. The first major group was subdivided into three groups (n = 6) including control, non-treated diabetic and SMN-treated diabetic animals. In the first major group, metabolism of testosterone by the hepatic microsomes was studied. The second major group also was divided to three groups including atorvastatin-treated non-diabetic, atorvastatin-treated diabetic and diabetic animals which received both atorvastatin and SMN. To study the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, serum samples were collected at 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after the atorvastatin administration. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using non-compartmental model. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes resulted in a remarkable induction of testosterone hydroxylation as the V max for 6β-hydroxytestosterone production in the diabetic rats (77.3 ± 8.6 pM/min/mg) was significantly higher than that in the control animals (45.9 ± 5.9 pM/min/mg). Moreover, SMN-treated animals showed a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of V max (59.4 ± 6.1 pM/min/mg). Diabetes resulted in a significant reduction of AUC (control 6.98 ± 0.58 vs diabetic rats 4.35 ± 0.24 h mg/ml) and C max values (control 0.52 ± 0.03 vs diabetic group 0.33 ± 0.01 μg/ml), while the SMN-received group showed remarkable recovery of diabetes-reduced values of AUC and C max. These findings indicated that diabetes resulted in a significant up-regulation of microsomal enzyme activities. Moreover, as SMN could significantly regulate the enzyme activities and consequently the atorvastatin pharmacokinetics in diabetic rats, its regulative effect in a combination therapy is concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Malekinejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box 1177, Urmia, Iran,
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Yu MM, Gao ZW, Chen XY, Zhong DF. [Predicting pharmacokinetics of anti-cancer drug, famitinib in human using physiologically based pharmacokinetic model]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2014; 49:1684-1688. [PMID: 25920197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study is to establish physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of famitinib in rat and monkey, and then to predict the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of famitinib in human based on the PBPK models. According to published paper, previous studies and the chemical properties of famitinib predicted by ACD/ADME suite and SimCYP, the PBPK models of rat and monkey were established and optimized using GastroPlus. And then, the PBPK models were applied to predict the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution of famitinib in human. The results showed that the PBPK models of rat and monkey can fit the observed data well, and the AUC0-∞, ratios of observed and calculated data in rat and monkey were 1.00 and 0.97, respectively. The AUC0-∞, ratios of observed and predicted data in human were 1.63 (rat to human) and 1.57 (monkey to human), respectively. The rat and monkey PBPK models of famitinib were well established, and the PBPK models were applied in predicting pharmacokinetic of famitinib in human successfully. Hence, the PBPK model of famitinib in human could be applied in future drug-drug interaction study.
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Connell JJ, Sugihara Y, Török S, Döme B, Tóvári J, Fehniger TE, Marko-Varga G, Végvári Á. Localization of sunitinib in in vivo animal and in vitro experimental models by MALDI mass spectrometry imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:2245-53. [PMID: 25424181 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8350-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of an anticancer drug and its intended target within a tumor plays a major role on determining how effective the drug can be at tackling the tumor. This study provides data regarding the lateral distribution of sunitinib, an oral antiangiogenic receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor using an in vitro animal model as well as an in vitro experimental model that involved deposition of a solution of sunitinib onto tissue sections. All tumor sections were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging and compared with subsequent histology staining. Six tumors at four different time points after commencement of in vivo sunitinib treatment were examined to observe the patterns of drug uptake. The levels of sunitinib present in in vivo treated tumor sections increased continuously until day 7, but a decrease was observed at day 10. Furthermore, the in vitro experimental model was adjustable to produce a drug level similar to that obtained in the in vivo model experiments. The distribution of sunitinib in tissue sections treated in vitro appeared to agree with the histological structure of tumors, suggesting that this approach may be useful for testing drug update.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Connell
- Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Biomedical Center D13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
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Beuselinck B, Lambrechts D, Van Brussel T, Wolter P, Cardinaels N, Joniau S, Lerut E, Karadimou A, Couchy G, Sebe P, Ravaud A, Zerbib M, Caty A, Paridaens R, Schöffski P, Verkarre V, Berger J, Patard JJ, Zucman-Rossi J, Oudard S. Efflux pump ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and dose reductions in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib. Acta Oncol 2014; 53:1413-22. [PMID: 24874929 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2014.918276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is growing evidence that sunitinib plasma levels have an impact on treatment outcome in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We studied the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in sunitinib pharmacokinetics, and additionally, sunitinib pharmacodynamics on dose reductions of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed germ-line DNA retrieved from mRCC patients receiving sunitinib as first-line therapy. We genotyped 11 key SNPs, respectively, in ABCB1, NR1/2, NR1/3 and CYP3A5, involved in sunitinib pharmacokinetics as well as VEGFR1 and VEGFR3, which have been suggested as regulators of sunitinib pharmacodynamics. Association between these SNPs and time-to-dose-reduction (TTDR) was studied by Cox regression. RESULTS We identified 96 patients who were treated with sunitinib and from whom germ-line DNA and data on dose reductions were available. We observed an increased TTDR in patients carrying the TT-genotype in ABCB1 rs1125803 compared to patients with CC- or CT-genotypes (19 vs. 7 cycles; p = 0.031 on univariate analysis and p = 0.012 on multivariate analysis) and an increased TTDR in patients carrying the TT/TA-variant in ABCB1 rs2032582 compared to patients with the GG- or GT/GA-variant (19 vs. 7 cycles; p = 0.046 on univariate analysis and p = 0.024 on multivariate analysis). CONCLUSION mRCC patients carrying the rs1128503 TT-variant or the TT/TA-variant in rs2032582 in ABCB1, which encodes for an efflux pump, do require less dose reductions due to adverse events compared to patients with the wild type or heterozygote variants in these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Beuselinck
- Department of General Medical Oncology and Laboratory for Experimental Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute , KU Leuven, Leuven , Belgium
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Szałek E, Karbownik A, Sobańska K, Połom W, Grabowski T, Wolc A, Matuszewski M, Grześkowiak E. The influence of the time-of-day administration of the drug on the pharmacokinetics of sunitinib in rabbits. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:2393-2399. [PMID: 25219843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES At present it is known that the adjustment of the anticancer therapy to the circadian rhythms in tissues reduces the toxicity of the treatment. Chronotherapy also increases the efficacy of the anticancer treatment, which has been proved for many drugs. Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which is broadly used for the treatment of numerous cancers. The aim of the study was a comparison of the concentrations and pharmacokinetics of sunitinib after a single administration to rabbits at 08:00 (control group) and 20:00. Additionally, the effect of sunitinib on glucose levels was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research was carried out on two groups of rabbits: I08:00, a group with the drug administered at 08:00 (n=8) and II20:00, a group with the drug administered at 20:00 (n=8). The rabbits were treated with sunitinib at an oral dose of 25 mg. Plasma concentrations of sunitinib and its metabolite (SU12662) were measured with a validated HPLC method with UV detection. RESULTS The comparison of the sunitinib Cmax and AUC0-t in the group with sunitinib administered at 20:00 with the control group gave the ratios of 2.20 (90% confidence interval (CI) (2.17; 2.22) and 1.64 (1.61; 1.68), respectively. Statistically significant differences between the groups under analysis were revealed for Cmax (p < 0.0001), AUC0-t (p = 0.0079), AUC0-∞ (p = 0.0149), and tmax (p = 0.0085). The mean glycemia drop was higher in group I08:00. than in group II20:00 (22.7% vs. 14.3%; p = 0.0622). The glycemia values returned to the initial values in 24 h after the administration of the drug in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The research proved a significant influence of the time-of-day administration on the pharmacokinetics of sunitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Szałek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
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