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Zhuang T, Xiong J, Hao S, Du W, Liu Z, Liu B, Zhang G, Chen Y. Bifunctional μ opioid and σ 1 receptor ligands as novel analgesics with reduced side effects. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113658. [PMID: 34175542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Opioid analgesics are highly effective painkillers for the treatment of moderate or severe pain, but they are associated with a number of undesirable adverse effects, including the development of tolerance, addiction, constipation and life-threatening respiratory depression. The development of new and safer analgesics with innovative mechanisms of action, which can enhance the efficacy in comparison to available treatments and reduce their side effects, is urgently needed. The sigma-1 receptor (σ1R), a unique Ca2+-sensing chaperone protein, is expressed throughout pain-modulating tissues and affects neurotransmission by interacting with different protein partners, including molecular targets that participate in nociceptive signalling, such as the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R). Overwhelming pharmacological and genetic evidence indicates that σ1R antagonists induce anti-hypersensitive effects in sensitising pain conditions (e.g. chemically induced, inflammatory and neuropathic pain) and enhance opioid analgesia but not opioid-mediated detrimental effects. It has been suggested that balanced modulation of MORs and σ1Rs may improve both the therapeutic efficacy and safety of opioids. This review summarises the functional profiles of ligands with mixed MOR agonist and σ1R antagonist activities and highlights their therapeutic potentials for pain management. Dual MOR agonism/σ1R antagonism represents a promising avenue for the development of potent and safer analgesics.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects
- Analgesics, Opioid/chemistry
- Analgesics, Opioid/metabolism
- Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use
- Benzopyrans/chemistry
- Benzopyrans/metabolism
- Humans
- Ligands
- Pain/drug therapy
- Piperazines/chemistry
- Piperazines/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Receptors, sigma/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, sigma/metabolism
- Sigma-1 Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhuang
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiaying Xiong
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuaishuai Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Wei Du
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhenming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Bifeng Liu
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guisen Zhang
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Yin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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2
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Cui L, Cai H, Sun F, Wang Y, Qu Y, Dong J, Wang H, Li J, Qian C, Li J. Beta-endorphin inhibits the inflammatory response of bovine endometrial cells through δ opioid receptor in vitro. Dev Comp Immunol 2021; 121:104074. [PMID: 33775662 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Postpartum uterine infections are common reproductive diseases in postpartum cows. Evidence has shown that plasma β-endorphins increase during bovine uterine inflammation. However, the effect of β-endorphins on the inflammatory response in bovine endometrium has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of β-endorphins on the inflammatory response of bovine endometrial epithelial and stromal cells, and to explore the possible mechanism. The cells were treated with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate inflammation, which was characterized by the significant activation of NF-κB signaling pathway and the increased gene expression of the downstream proinflammatory cytokines (approximately 1.2- to 15-fold increase, P < 0.05). By using Western blot and qPCR techniques, we found that β-endorphins inhibited the key protein expression of NF-κB pathway, and the gene expressions of TNF, IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, nitric oxide synthase 2, and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (P < 0.05). The co-treatment of β-endorphins and opioid antagonists showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of β-endorphins could be blocked (P < 0.05) by non-selective opioid antagonist naloxone or δ opioid receptor antagonist ICI 154129, but not the μ opioid receptor antagonist CTAP (P > 0.05). In conclusion, β-endorphins may inhibit the inflammatory response of bovine endometrial epithelial and stromal cells through δ opioid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Hele Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Fazhuang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Yali Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Yang Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Junsheng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Chen Qian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agriproduct Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
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3
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Sharma VK, Srivedavyasasri R, Ali Z, Zjawiony JK, Ross SA, Ferreira D, Ashpole N, Khan IA. Rotenoids and Other Specialized Metabolites from the Roots of Mirabilis multiflora: Opioid and Cannabinoid Receptor Radioligand Binding Affinities. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:1392-1396. [PMID: 33734684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mirabilis multiflora is an acclaimed hallucinogen consumed traditionally by the Hopi Indians to induce diagnostic visions. Its root extract afforded a new (3) and four known (2, 5, 6, and 7) 12a-hydroxyrotenoids, a known rotenoid (4), and two known secondary metabolites (1 and 8). The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic and spectrometric data analysis. Electronic circular dichroism data were used to define the (6aS,12aR) absolute configuration of the 12a-hydroxyrotenoids. Compounds 2-7 were screened for their radioligand binding affinities toward the opioid (δ, κ, and μ) and cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) receptor subtypes. The 6-methoxy-substituted rotenoids 3, 4, and 7 showed the highest receptor binding affinity with moderate selectivity toward the δ-opioid receptor subtype, with negligible binding affinities for CB1 and CB2. Their binding affinities toward the δ-opioid receptor were 64.5% (4), 58.7% (7), and 55.3% (3) at 10 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal K Sharma
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Radhakrishnan Srivedavyasasri
- National Center for Natural Product Research (NCNPR), The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Product Research (NCNPR), The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Jordan K Zjawiony
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Samir A Ross
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- National Center for Natural Product Research (NCNPR), The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Nicole Ashpole
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- National Center for Natural Product Research (NCNPR), The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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4
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Derouiche L, Pierre F, Doridot S, Ory S, Massotte D. Heteromerization of Endogenous Mu and Delta Opioid Receptors Induces Ligand-Selective Co-Targeting to Lysosomes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194493. [PMID: 33007971 PMCID: PMC7583997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that native mu and delta opioid receptors can associate to form heteromers in discrete brain neuronal circuits. However, little is known about their signaling and trafficking. Using double-fluorescent knock-in mice, we investigated the impact of neuronal co-expression on the internalization profile of mu and delta opioid receptors in primary hippocampal cultures. We established ligand selective mu–delta co-internalization upon activation by 1-[[4-(acetylamino)phenyl]methyl]-4-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid, ethyl ester (CYM51010), [d-Ala2, NMe-Phe4, Gly-ol5]enkephalin (DAMGO), and deltorphin II, but not (+)-4-[(αR)-α-((2S,5R)-4-Allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]-N,N-diethylbenzamide (SNC80), morphine, or methadone. Co-internalization was driven by the delta opioid receptor, required an active conformation of both receptors, and led to sorting to the lysosomal compartment. Altogether, our data indicate that mu–delta co-expression, likely through heteromerization, alters the intracellular fate of the mu opioid receptor, which provides a way to fine-tune mu opioid receptor signaling. It also represents an interesting emerging concept for the development of novel therapeutic drugs and strategies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Endocytosis
- Hippocampus/cytology
- Ligands
- Lysosomes
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neurons/metabolism
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Protein Multimerization
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyes Derouiche
- French National Centre for Scientific Research, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (L.D.); (F.P.); (S.O.)
| | - Florian Pierre
- French National Centre for Scientific Research, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (L.D.); (F.P.); (S.O.)
| | - Stéphane Doridot
- French National Centre for Scientific Research, Chronobiotron, 67200 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Stéphane Ory
- French National Centre for Scientific Research, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (L.D.); (F.P.); (S.O.)
| | - Dominique Massotte
- French National Centre for Scientific Research, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (L.D.); (F.P.); (S.O.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Wtorek K, Piekielna-Ciesielska J, Janecki T, Janecka A. The search for opioid analgesics with limited tolerance liability. Peptides 2020; 130:170331. [PMID: 32497566 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the well-known side effects of opioids prescribed to treat chronic pain remains unresolved, despite extensive research in this field. Among several options to tackle this problem the synthesis of multifunctional compounds containing hybridized structures gained a lot of interest. Recently, extensively investigated are combinations of opioid agonist and antagonist pharmacophores embodied in a single molecule. To this end, agonism at the μ opioid receptor (MOR) with simultaneous antagonism at the δ opioid receptor (DOR) emerged as a promising avenue to obtaining novel analogs devoid of serious adverse effects associated with morphine-based analgesics. In this review we covered up-to-date research on the synthesis of peptide-based ligands with MOR agonist/DOR antagonist profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Wtorek
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Janecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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6
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Imam MZ, Kuo A, Ghassabian S, Cai Y, Qin Y, Li T, Smith MT. Intracerebroventricular administration of CYX-6, a potent μ-opioid receptor agonist, a δ- and κ-opioid receptor antagonist and a biased ligand at μ, δ & κ-opioid receptors, evokes antinociception with minimal constipation and respiratory depression in rats in contrast to morphine. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 871:172918. [PMID: 31958457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mu opioid receptor (MOPr) agonists are thought to produce analgesia via modulation of G-protein-coupled intracellular signalling pathways whereas the β-arrestin2 pathway is proposed to mediate opioid-related adverse effects. Here, we report the antinociception, constipation and respiratory depressant profile of CYX-6, a potent MOPr agonist that is also a delta and a kappa opioid receptor (DOPr/KOPr) antagonist and that lacks β-arrestin2 recruitment at each of the MOPr, DOPr and the KOPr. In anaesthetised male Sprague Dawley rats, an intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) guide cannula was stereotaxically implanted. After 5-7 days post-surgical recovery, rats received a single i.c.v. bolus dose of CYX-6 (3-30 nmol), morphine (100 nmol) or vehicle. Antinociception was assessed using the warm water tail flick test (52.5 ± 0.5 °C). Constipation was assessed using the charcoal meal gut motility test and the castor oil-induced diarrhoea test. Respiratory depression was measured by whole-body plethysmography in awake, freely moving animals, upon exposure to a hypercapnic gas mixture (8% CO2, 21% O2 and 71% N2). The intrinsic pharmacology of CYX-6 given by the i.c.v. route in rats showed that it produced dose-dependent antinociception. It also produced respiratory stimulation rather than depression and it had a minimal effect on intestinal motility in contrast to the positive control, morphine. CYX-6 is an endomorphin-2 analogue that dissociates antinociception from constipation and respiratory depression in rats. Our findings provide useful insight to inform the discovery and development of novel opioid analgesics with a superior tolerability profile compared with morphine.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects
- Analgesics, Opioid/metabolism
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Constipation/chemically induced
- Infusions, Intraventricular
- Ligands
- Male
- Morphine/adverse effects
- Morphine/pharmacology
- Opioid Peptides/drug effects
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Respiratory Insufficiency/chemically induced
- Nociceptin
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zafar Imam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andy Kuo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sussan Ghassabian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yunxin Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yajuan Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingyou Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maree T Smith
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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7
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Obeng S, Jali A, Zheng Y, Wang H, Schwienteck KL, Chen C, Stevens DL, Akbarali HI, Dewey WL, Banks ML, Liu-Chen LY, Selley DE, Zhang Y. Characterization of 17-Cyclopropylmethyl-3,14β-dihydroxy-4,5α-epoxy-6α-(indole-7-carboxamido)morphinan (NAN) as a Novel Opioid Receptor Modulator for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2518-2532. [PMID: 30758946 PMCID: PMC6520168 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The opioid crisis is a significant public health issue with more than 115 people dying from opioid overdose per day in the United States. The aim of the present study was to characterize the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects of 17-cyclopropylmethyl-3,14β-dihydroxy-4,5α-epoxy-6α-(indole-7-carboxamido)morphinan (NAN), a μ opioid receptor (MOR) ligand that may be a potential candidate for opioid use disorder treatment that produces less withdrawal signs than naltrexone. The efficacy of NAN was compared to varying efficacy ligands at the MOR, and determined at the δ opioid receptor (DOR) and κ opioid receptor (KOR). NAN was identified as a low efficacy partial agonist for G-protein activation at the MOR and DOR, but had relatively high efficacy at the KOR. In contrast to high efficacy MOR agonists, NAN did not induce MOR internalization, downregulation, or desensitization, but it antagonized agonist-induced MOR internalization and stimulation of intracellular Ca2+ release. Opioid withdrawal studies conducted using morphine-pelleted mice demonstrated that NAN precipitated significantly less withdrawal signs than naltrexone at similar doses. Furthermore, NAN failed to produce fentanyl-like discriminative stimulus effects in rats up to doses that produced dose- and time-dependent antagonism of fentanyl. Overall, these results provide converging lines of evidence that NAN functions mainly as a MOR antagonist and support further consideration of NAN as a candidate medication for opioid use disorder treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Obeng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Abdulmajeed Jali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Huiqun Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Kathryn L. Schwienteck
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Chongguang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - David L. Stevens
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Hamid I. Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - William L. Dewey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Mathew L. Banks
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Lee-Yuan Liu-Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Dana E. Selley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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8
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Journigan VB, Polgar WE, Tuan EW, Lu J, Daga PR, Zaveri NT. Probing ligand recognition of the opioid pan antagonist AT-076 at nociceptin, kappa, mu, and delta opioid receptors through structure-activity relationships. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13255. [PMID: 29038479 PMCID: PMC5643385 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Few opioid ligands binding to the three classic opioid receptor subtypes, mu, kappa and delta, have high affinity at the fourth opioid receptor, the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP). We recently reported the discovery of AT-076 (1), (R)-7-hydroxy-N-((S)-1-(4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-methylbutan-2-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide, a pan antagonist with nanomolar affinity for all four subtypes. Since AT-076 binds with high affinity at all four subtypes, we conducted a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study to probe ligand recognition features important for pan opioid receptor activity, using chemical modifications of key pharmacophoric groups. SAR analysis of the resulting analogs suggests that for the NOP receptor, the entire AT-076 scaffold is crucial for high binding affinity, but the binding mode is likely different from that of NOP antagonists C-24 and SB-612111 bound in the NOP crystal structure. On the other hand, modifications of the 3-hydroxyphenyl pharmacophore, but not the 7-hydroxy Tic pharmacophore, are better tolerated at kappa and mu receptors and yield very high affinity multifunctional (e.g. 12) or highly selective (e.g. 16) kappa ligands. With the availability of the opioid receptor crystal structures, our SAR analysis of the common chemotype of AT-076 suggests rational approaches to modulate binding selectivity, enabling the design of multifunctional or selective opioid ligands from such scaffolds.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Narcotic Antagonists/chemistry
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Opioid Peptides/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Nociceptin
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Affiliation(s)
- V Blair Journigan
- Astraea Therapeutics, 320 Logue Avenue, Suite 142, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
- Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, One John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
| | - Willma E Polgar
- Astraea Therapeutics, 320 Logue Avenue, Suite 142, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - Edward W Tuan
- Astraea Therapeutics, 320 Logue Avenue, Suite 142, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - James Lu
- Astraea Therapeutics, 320 Logue Avenue, Suite 142, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - Pankaj R Daga
- Astraea Therapeutics, 320 Logue Avenue, Suite 142, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - Nurulain T Zaveri
- Astraea Therapeutics, 320 Logue Avenue, Suite 142, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA.
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9
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Trujillo AN, Katnik C, Cuevas J, Cha BJ, Taylor-Clark TE, Breslin JW. Modulation of mesenteric collecting lymphatic contractions by σ 1-receptor activation and nitric oxide production. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H839-H853. [PMID: 28778917 PMCID: PMC5668603 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00702.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has been reported that a σ-receptor antagonist could reduce inflammation-induced edema. Lymphatic vessels play an essential role in removing excess interstitial fluid. We tested the hypothesis that activation of σ-receptors would reduce or weaken collecting lymphatic contractions. We used isolated, cannulated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatic vessels to study contractions in response to the σ-receptor agonist afobazole in the absence and presence of different σ-receptor antagonists. We used RT-PCR and Western blot analysis to investigate whether these vessels express the σ1-receptor and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy to examine localization of the σ1-receptor in the collecting lymphatic wall. Using N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) pretreatment before afobazole in isolated lymphatics, we tested the role of nitric oxide (NO) signaling. Finally, we used 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate fluorescence as an indicator to test whether afobazole increases NO release in cultured lymphatic endothelial cells. Our results show that afobazole (50-150 µM) elevated end-systolic diameter and generally reduced pump efficiency and that this response could be partially blocked by the σ1-receptor antagonists BD 1047 and BD 1063 but not by the σ2-receptor antagonist SM-21. σ1-Receptor mRNA and protein were detected in lysates from isolated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics. Confocal images with anti-σ1-receptor antibody labeling suggested localization in the lymphatic endothelium. Blockade of NO synthases with l-NAME inhibited the effects of afobazole. Finally, afobazole elicited increases in NO production from cultured lymphatic endothelial cells. Our findings suggest that the σ1-receptor limits collecting lymphatic pumping through a NO-dependent mechanism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Relatively little is known about the mechanisms that govern contractions of lymphatic vessels. σ1-Receptor activation has been shown to reduce the fractional pump flow of isolated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics. The σ1-receptor was localized mainly in the endothelium, and blockade of nitric oxide synthase inhibited the effects of afobazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N Trujillo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Christopher Katnik
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Javier Cuevas
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Byeong Jake Cha
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Thomas E Taylor-Clark
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jerome W Breslin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
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10
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Corsetti M, Whorwell P. New therapeutic options for IBS: the role of the first in class mixed µ- opioid receptor agonist and δ-opioid receptor antagonist (mudelta) eluxadoline. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11:285-292. [PMID: 28276811 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1298442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder which represents a major cost to healthcare services. IBS-D patients represent about one-third of the IBS population and are currently treated with antispasmodics, loperamide, bile acid sequestrants and antidepressants. Alosetron and rifaximin are also available in USA, ramosetron in Japan, Korea and Thailand and ondansetron as an off-label treatment. Areas covered: This article focuses on eluxadoline, a novel pharmacological agent that has recently been approved by both the FDA and EMA for treatment of patients with IBS-D. Expert commentary: The efficacy and safety of eluxadoline in treating bowel habit alterations and pain, both in the short and long-term, make the drug a welcome addition to our therapeutic alternatives in IBS-D. Its positioning in any IBS algorithm will depend on the 'real world' prevalence of the small risk of sphincter of Oddi spasm and mild pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Corsetti
- a Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit , National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK
| | - Peter Whorwell
- b Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
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11
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Poznanski P, Lesniak A, Korostynski M, Szklarczyk K, Lazarczyk M, Religa P, Bujalska-Zadrozny M, Sadowski B, Sacharczuk M. Delta-opioid receptor antagonism leads to excessive ethanol consumption in mice with enhanced activity of the endogenous opioid system. Neuropharmacology 2017; 118:90-101. [PMID: 28322978 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The opioid system modulates the central reinforcing effects of ethanol and participates in the etiology of addiction. However, the pharmacotherapy of ethanol dependence targeted on the opioid system is little effective and varies due to individual patients' sensitivity. In the present study, we used two mouse lines with high (HA) and low (LA) activity of the endogenous opioid system to analyze the effect of opioid receptor blockade on ethanol drinking behavior. We found that LA and HA lines characterized by divergent magnitudes of swim stress-induced analgesia also differ in ethanol intake and preference. Downregulation of the opioid system in LA mice was associated with increased ethanol consumption. Treatment with a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist (naloxone) had no effect on ethanol intake in this line. Surprisingly, in HA mice, the blockage of opioid receptors led to excessive ethanol consumption. Moreover, naloxone selectively induced high levels of anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in HA mice which was attenuated by ethanol. With the use of specific opioid receptor antagonists we showed that the naloxone-induced increase in ethanol drinking in HA mice is mediated mainly by δ and to a lower extent by μ opioid receptors. The effect of δ-opioid receptor antagonism was abolished in HA mice carrying a C320T transition in the δ-opioid receptor gene (EU446125.1), which impairs this receptor's function. Our results indicate that high activity of the opioid system plays a protective role against ethanol dependence. Therefore, its blockage with opioid receptor antagonists may lead to a profound increase in ethanol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Poznanski
- Laboratory of Neurogenomics and Department of Animal Behaviour, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A Str., 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Anna Lesniak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Korostynski
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Szklarczyk
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marzena Lazarczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Religa
- Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogdan Sadowski
- Laboratory of Neurogenomics and Department of Animal Behaviour, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A Str., 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sacharczuk
- Laboratory of Neurogenomics and Department of Animal Behaviour, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A Str., 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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12
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Liu FY, Zhang MM, Zeng P, Liu WW, Wang JL, Yang B, Dai Q, Wei J. Study on the molecular mechanism of antinociception induced by ghrelin in acute pain in mice. Peptides 2016; 83:1-7. [PMID: 27474249 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin has been identified as the endogenous ligand for the GHS-R1α (growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1 alpha). Our previous experiments have indicated that ghrelin (i.c.v.) induces antinociceptive effects in acute pain in mice, and the effects were mediated through the central opioid receptors and GHS-R1α. However, which opioid receptor (OR) mediates the antinociceptive effects and the molecular mechanisms are also needed to be further explored. In the present study, the antinociceptive effects of ghrelin (i.c.v.) could be fully antagonized by δ-opioid receptor antagonist NTI. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of δ-opioid peptide PENK and δ-opioid receptor OPRD were increased after i.c.v injection of ghrelin. Thus, it showed that the antinociception of ghrelin was correlated with the GHS-R1α and δ-opioid receptors. To explore which receptor was firstly activated by ghrelin, GHS-R1α antagonist [D-Lys(3)]-GHRP-6 was co-injection (i.c.v.) with deltorphin II (selective δ-opioid receptor agonist). Finally, the antinociception induced by deltorphin II wasn't blocked by the co-injection (i.c.v.) of [D-Lys(3)]-GHRP-6, indicating that the GHS-R1α isn't on the backward position of δ-opioid receptor. The results suggested that i.c.v. injection of ghrelin initially activated the GHS-R1α, which in turn increased the release of endogenous PENK to activation of OPRD to produce antinociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Yan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Min-Min Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Wen-Wen Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jing-Lei Wang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Bei Yang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qun Dai
- Medical Experimental Teaching Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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13
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Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice. Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Eluxadoline Into Schedule IV. Final rule. Fed Regist 2015; 80:69861-4. [PMID: 26567437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
With the issuance of this final rule, the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration places the substance 5-[[[(2S)-2-amino-3-[4-aminocarbonyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl]-1-oxopropyl][(1S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxybenzoic acid (eluxadoline), including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers, into schedule IV of the Controlled Substances Act. This scheduling action is pursuant to the Controlled Substances Act which requires that such actions be made on the record after opportunity for a hearing through formal rulemaking. This action imposes the regulatory controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable to schedule IV controlled substances on persons who handle (manufacture, distribute, dispense, import, export, engage in research, conduct instructional activities, or possess) or propose to handle eluxadoline.
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14
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Liu Z, Zhou Z, Wang L, Jiang S, Wang W, Zhang R, Song L. The immunomodulation mediated by a delta-opioid receptor for [Met(5)]-enkephalin in oyster Crassostrea gigas. Dev Comp Immunol 2015; 49:217-224. [PMID: 25475959 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Opioid receptors (OR) are a group of G protein-coupled receptors with opioids as ligands, which play an important role in triggering the second messengers to modulate immune response in vertebrate immunocytes. In the present study, the full length cDNA of a homologue of δ-opioid receptor (DOR) for [Met(5)]-enkaphalin was cloned from oyster Crassostrea gigas (designated as CgDOR), which was 1104 bp encoding a peptide of 367 amino acids containing a conserved 7tm_1 domain. After the stimulation of [Met(5)]-enkephalin, the concentration of second messengers Ca(2+) and cAMP in the HEK293T cells decreased significantly (p <0.05) with the expression of CgDOR. However, this trend was reverted with the addition of DOR antagonist BNTX. The CgDOR transcripts were ubiquitously detected in the tested tissues including haemocytes, gonad, mantle, kidney, gill, adductor muscle and hepatopancreas, with the highest expression level in the hepatopancreas. After LPS stimulation, the expression level of CgDOR mRNA began to increase (4.05-fold, p <0.05) at 6 h, and reached the highest level (5.00-fold, p <0.05) at 12 h. Haemocyte phagocytic and antibacterial activities increased significantly after [Met(5)]-enkephalin stimulation, whereas the increase was repressed with the addition of DOR antagonist BNTX. These results collectively suggested that CgDOR for [Met(5)]-enkephalin could modulate the haemocyte phagocytic and antibacterial functions through the second messengers Ca(2+) and cAMP, which might be requisite for pathogen elimination and homeostasis maintenance in oyster.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Benzylidene Compounds/pharmacology
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cloning, Molecular
- Crassostrea/immunology
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Enkephalin, Methionine/immunology
- HEK293 Cells
- Hepatopancreas/metabolism
- Humans
- Lipopolysaccharides
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Phagocytosis/immunology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/immunology
- Sequence Alignment
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Vibrio/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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15
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Fujita W, Gomes I, Dove LS, Prohaska D, McIntyre G, Devi LA. Molecular characterization of eluxadoline as a potential ligand targeting mu-delta opioid receptor heteromers. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:448-56. [PMID: 25261794 PMCID: PMC4769596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Eluxadoline, an orally active mixed μ opioid receptor (μOR) agonist δ opioid receptor (δOR) antagonist developed for the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, normalizes gastrointestinal (GI) transit and defecation under conditions of novel environment stress or post-inflammatory altered GI function. Furthermore, compared to loperamide, which is used to treat non-specific diarrhea, the effects of eluxadoline on GI transit occur over a wider dosage range. However, the mechanisms of action of eluxadoline are unclear. In this study, we compared the ability of eluxadoline and loperamide to activate G-protein- and β-arrestin-mediated signaling at μOR homomers or μOR-δOR heteromers in heterologous cells. We also examined the ability of both compounds to reduce castor oil induced diarrhea in wild type (WT) and mice lacking δOR. We find that eluxadoline is more potent than loperamide in eliciting G-protein activity and β-arrestin recruitment in μOR expressing cells. However, in cells expressing μOR-δOR heteromers, the potency of eluxadoline is higher, but its maximal effect is lower than that of loperamide. Moreover, in these cells the signaling mediated by eluxadoline but not loperamide is reduced by μOR-δOR heteromer-selective antibodies. We find that in castor oil-induced diarrhea eluxadoline is more efficacious compared to loperamide in WT mice, and δOR appears to play a role in this process. Taken together these results indicate that eluxadoline behaves as a potent μOR agonist in the absence of δOR, while in the presence of δOR eluxadoline's effects are mediated through the μOR-δOR heteromer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arrestins/metabolism
- Castor Oil/adverse effects
- Diarrhea/chemically induced
- Diarrhea/drug therapy
- Humans
- Imidazoles/pharmacology
- Ligands
- Loperamide/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Phenylalanine/analogs & derivatives
- Phenylalanine/pharmacology
- Protein Multimerization
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- beta-Arrestins
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Fujita
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivone Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leonard S Dove
- Furiex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3900 Paramount Parkway, Suite 150, Morrisville, NC 27560, USA
| | - David Prohaska
- Furiex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3900 Paramount Parkway, Suite 150, Morrisville, NC 27560, USA
| | - Gail McIntyre
- Furiex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3900 Paramount Parkway, Suite 150, Morrisville, NC 27560, USA
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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16
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Borges JP, Verdoorn KS, Daliry A, Powers SK, Ortenzi VH, Fortunato RS, Tibiriçá E, Lessa MA. Delta opioid receptors: the link between exercise and cardioprotection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113541. [PMID: 25415192 PMCID: PMC4240613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the role of opioid receptor (OR) subtypes as a mechanism by which endurance exercise promotes cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Wistar rats were randomly divided into one of seven experimental groups: 1) control; 2) exercise-trained; 3) exercise-trained plus a non-selective OR antagonist; 4) control sham; 5) exercise-trained plus a kappa OR antagonist; 6) exercise-trained plus a delta OR antagonist; and 7) exercise-trained plus a mu OR antagonist. The exercised animals underwent 4 consecutive days of treadmill training (60 min/day at ∼70% of maximal oxygen consumption). All groups except the sham group were exposed to an in vivo myocardial IR insult, and the myocardial infarct size (IS) was determined histologically. Myocardial capillary density, OR subtype expression, heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) expression, and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured in the hearts of both the exercised and control groups. Exercise training significantly reduced the myocardial IS by approximately 34%. Pharmacological blockade of the kappa or mu OR subtypes did not blunt exercise-induced cardioprotection against IR-mediated infarction, whereas treatment of animals with a non-selective OR antagonist or a delta OR antagonist abolished exercise-induced cardioprotection. Exercise training enhanced the activities of myocardial superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase but did not increase the left ventricular capillary density or the mRNA levels of HSP72, SOD, and catalase. In addition, exercise significantly reduced the protein expression of kappa and delta ORs in the heart by 44% and 37%, respectively. Together, these results indicate that ORs contribute to the cardioprotection conferred by endurance exercise, with the delta OR subtype playing a key role in this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana P. Borges
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Anissa Daliry
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Scott K. Powers
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Victor H. Ortenzi
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. Fortunato
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tibiriçá
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos Adriano Lessa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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17
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Shang Y, LeRouzic V, Schneider S, Bisignano P, Pasternak G, Filizola M. Mechanistic insights into the allosteric modulation of opioid receptors by sodium ions. Biochemistry 2014; 53:5140-9. [PMID: 25073009 PMCID: PMC4131901 DOI: 10.1021/bi5006915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The idea of sodium ions altering G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligand binding and signaling was first suggested for opioid receptors (ORs) in the 1970s and subsequently extended to other GPCRs. Recently published ultra-high-resolution crystal structures of GPCRs, including that of the δ-OR subtype, have started to shed light on the mechanism underlying sodium control in GPCR signaling by revealing details of the sodium binding site. Whether sodium accesses different receptor subtypes from the extra- or intracellular sides, following similar or different pathways, is still an open question. Earlier experiments in brain homogenates suggested a differential sodium regulation of ligand binding to the three major OR subtypes, in spite of their high degree of sequence similarity. Intrigued by this possibility, we explored the dynamic nature of sodium binding to δ-OR, μ-OR, and κ-OR by means of microsecond-scale, all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Rapid sodium permeation was observed exclusively from the extracellular milieu, and following similar binding pathways in all three ligand-free OR systems, notwithstanding extra densities of sodium observed near nonconserved residues of κ-OR and δ-OR, but not in μ-OR. We speculate that these differences may be responsible for the differential increase in antagonist binding affinity of μ-OR by sodium resulting from specific ligand binding experiments in transfected cells. On the other hand, sodium reduced the level of binding of subtype-specific agonists to all OR subtypes. Additional biased and unbiased MD simulations were conducted using the δ-OR ultra-high-resolution crystal structure as a model system to provide a mechanistic explanation for this experimental observation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Binding Sites
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Humans
- Ligands
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Protein Conformation
- Radioligand Assay
- Receptors, Opioid/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Sodium/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shang
- Department
of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Valerie LeRouzic
- Molecular
Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial
Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Sebastian Schneider
- Department
of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Paola Bisignano
- Department
of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Gavril
W. Pasternak
- Molecular
Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial
Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Marta Filizola
- Department
of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
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18
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Nascimento AIR, Ferreira HS, Cerqueira DR, Fregoneze JB. Blockade of central delta-opioid receptors inhibits salt appetite in sodium-depleted rats. Peptides 2014; 55:110-9. [PMID: 24602802 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Various studies have investigated the role of central opioid peptides in feeding behavior; however, only a few have addressed the participation of opioids in the control of salt appetite. The present study investigated the effect of intracerebroventricular injections of the δ-opioid antagonist, naltrindole (5, 10 and 20 nmol/rat) and the agonist, deltorphin II (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 nmol/rat) on salt intake. Two protocols for inducing salt intake were used: sodium-depletion and the central injection of angiotensin II. In addition, the effect of a central δ-opioid receptor blockade on locomotor activity, on palatable solution intake (0.1% saccharin) and on blood pressure was also studied. The blockade of central δ-opioid receptors inhibits salt intake in sodium-depleted rats, while the pharmacological stimulation of these receptors increases salt intake in sodium-replete animals. Furthermore, the blockade of central δ-opioid receptors inhibits salt intake induced by central angiotensinergic stimulation. These data suggest that during sodium-depletion activation of the δ-opioid receptors regulates salt appetite to correct the sodium imbalance and it is possible that an interaction between opioidergic and angiotensinergic brain system participates in this control. Under normonatremic conditions, δ-opioid receptors may be necessary to modulate sodium intake, a response that could be mediated by angiotensin II. The decrease in salt intake following central δ-opioid receptors blockade does not appear to be due to a general inhibition of locomotor activity, changes in palatability or in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I R Nascimento
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Southwest Bahia, 45200-000 Jequié, Bahia, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - H S Ferreira
- Life Sciences Department, Bahia State University, 41195-001 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - D R Cerqueira
- Department of Physiology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - J B Fregoneze
- Department of Physiology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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19
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Komatsu T, Katsuyama S, Mizoguchi H, Sakurada C, Tsuzuki M, Sakurada S, Sakurada T. Spinal ERK2 activation through δ2-opioid receptors contributes to nociceptive behavior induced by intrathecal injection of leucine-enkephalin. Peptides 2014; 54:131-9. [PMID: 24480726 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Intrathecal (i.t.) injection of leucine-enkephalin (Leu-ENK), co-administered with peptidase inhibitors, phosphoramidon (an endopeptidase 24.11 inhibitor), and bestatin (a general aminopeptidase inhibitor), produced behaviors consisting of the biting and/or licking of the hindpaw and the tail along with hindlimb scratching directed toward the flank, which peaked at 10-15 min after an injection. This characteristic behavior was not observed in mice treated with i.t. Leu-ENK alone. We also investigated the effect of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in spinal processing of nociception induced by i.t. co-administration of Leu-ENK with phospharamidon and bestatin. Western blot analysis of phospho-ERK (pERK) showed a significant increase of pERK2 in the lumbar spinal cord in response to i.t. Leu-ENK co-injected with peptidase inhibitors. The MAP kinase-ERK inhibitor, U0126 dose-dependently attenuated the nociceptive behavior and spinal ERK activation to i.t. Leu-ENK co-injected with peptidase inhibitors. Furthermore, the nociceptive behavior and spinal ERK activation evoked by i.t. Leu-ENK in combination with peptidase inhibitors were inhibited by co-administration of the non-selective δ-opioid receptor antagonist, naltrindole, the selective δ2-opioid receptor antagonist, naltriben, the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, MK-801 or the non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME, the selective nNOS inhibitor, N(ω)-propyl-L-arginine or the selective iNOS inhibitor, W1400, but not by the selective δ1-receptor antagonist, BNTX (7-benzylidenenaltrexone). These results suggest that spontaneous nociceptive behaviors produced by i.t. co-administration of Leu-ENK with peptidase inhibitors may be induced by an activation of the glutamate-NO-ERK pathway through the δ2-opioid receptor in the dorsal spinal cord.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arginine/analogs & derivatives
- Arginine/pharmacology
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Butadienes/pharmacology
- Enkephalin, Leucine/administration & dosage
- Enkephalin, Leucine/pharmacology
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Glycopeptides/pharmacology
- Injections, Spinal
- Leucine/analogs & derivatives
- Leucine/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Nitric Oxide Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nitriles/pharmacology
- Nociception/drug effects
- Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Komatsu
- Department of Pharmacology, Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan
| | - Soh Katsuyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Mizoguchi
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Chikai Sakurada
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-Machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Minoru Tsuzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-Machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Shinobu Sakurada
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sakurada
- Department of Pharmacology, Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan.
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20
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Katsuura Y, Taha SA. Mu opioid receptor antagonism in the nucleus accumbens shell blocks consumption of a preferred sucrose solution in an anticipatory contrast paradigm. Neuroscience 2014; 261:144-52. [PMID: 24342569 PMCID: PMC3956648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Binge eating, a central feature of multiple eating disorders, is characterized by excessive consumption occurring during discrete, often brief, intervals. Highly palatable foods play an important role in these binge episodes - foods chosen during bingeing are typically higher in fat or sugar than those normally consumed. Multiple lines of evidence suggest a central role for signaling by endogenous opioids in promoting palatability-driven eating. This role extends to binge-like feeding studied in animal models, which is reduced by administration of opioid antagonists. However, the neural circuits and specific opioid receptors mediating these effects are not fully understood. In the present experiments, we tested the hypothesis that endogenous opioid signaling in the nucleus accumbens promotes consumption in a model of binge eating. We used an anticipatory contrast paradigm in which separate groups of rats were presented sequentially with 4% sucrose and then either 20% or 0% sucrose solutions. In rats presented with 4% and then 20% sucrose, daily training in this paradigm produced robust intake of 20% sucrose, preceded by learned hypophagia during access to 4% sucrose. We tested the effects of site-specific infusions of naltrexone (a nonspecific opioid receptor antagonist: 0, 1, 10, and 50μg/side in the nucleus accumbens core and shell), naltrindole (a delta opioid receptor antagonist: 0, 0.5, 5, and 10μg/side in the nucleus accumbens shell) and beta-funaltrexamine (a mu opioid receptor antagonist: 0 and 2.5μg/side in the nucleus accumbens shell) on consumption in this contrast paradigm. Our results show that signaling through the mu opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens shell is dynamically modulated during formation of learned food preferences, and promotes binge-like consumption of palatable foods based on these learned preferences.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anticipation, Psychological/drug effects
- Anticipation, Psychological/physiology
- Food Preferences/drug effects
- Food Preferences/physiology
- Learning/drug effects
- Learning/physiology
- Male
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/physiology
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Rats, Long-Evans
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Sucrose
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Katsuura
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S A Taha
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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21
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Matsumoto K, Narita M, Muramatsu N, Nakayama T, Misawa K, Kitajima M, Tashima K, Devi LA, Suzuki T, Takayama H, Horie S. Orally active opioid μ/δ dual agonist MGM-16, a derivative of the indole alkaloid mitragynine, exhibits potent antiallodynic effect on neuropathic pain in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014; 348:383-92. [PMID: 24345467 PMCID: PMC6067406 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.208108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
(E)-Methyl 2-((2S,3S,7aS,12bS)-3-ethyl-7a-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,2,3,4,6,7,7a,12b-octahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizin-2-yl)-3-methoxyacrylate (7-hydroxymitragynine), a main active constituent of the traditional herbal medicine Mitragyna speciosa, is an indole alkaloid that is structurally different from morphine. 7-Hydroxymitragynine induces a potent antinociceptive effect on mouse acute pain through μ-opioid receptors. In this study, we developed dual-acting μ- and δ-opioid agonists MGM-15 and MGM-16 from 7-hydroxymitragynine for the treatment of acute and chronic pain. MGM-16 showed a higher potency than that of 7-hydroxymitragynine and MGM-15 in in vitro and in vivo assays. MGM-16 exhibited a high affinity for μ- and δ-opioid receptors, with K(i) values of 2.1 and 7.0 nM, respectively. MGM-16 showed μ- and δ-opioid full agonistic effects in a guanosine 5'-O-(3-[(35)S]thiotriphosphate) binding assay and in a functional test using electrically elicited guinea pig ileum and mouse vas deferens contractions. Systemic administration of MGM-16 produced antinociceptive effects in a mouse acute pain model and antiallodynic effects in a chronic pain model. The antinociceptive effect of MGM-16 was approximately 240 times more potent than that of morphine in a mouse tail-flick test, and its antiallodynic effect was approximately 100 times more potent than that of gabapentin in partial sciatic nerve-ligated mice, especially with oral administration. The antinociceptive effect of MGM-16 was completely and partially blocked by the μ-selective antagonist β-funaltrexamine hydrochloride (β-FNA) and by the δ-selective antagonist naltrindole, respectively, in a tail-flick test. The antiallodynic effect of MGM-16 was completely blocked by β-FNA and naltrindole in a neuropathic pain model. These findings suggest that MGM-16 could become a class of a compound with potential therapeutic utility for treating neuropathic pain.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- CHO Cells
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Hyperalgesia/drug therapy
- Hyperalgesia/physiopathology
- Ileum/drug effects
- Ileum/physiopathology
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Male
- Mice
- Muscle Contraction
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/physiology
- Neuralgia/drug therapy
- Neuralgia/physiopathology
- Physical Stimulation
- Rabbits
- Radioligand Assay
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Sciatic Neuropathy/drug therapy
- Sciatic Neuropathy/physiopathology
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/chemistry
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/therapeutic use
- Stereoisomerism
- Touch
- Vas Deferens/drug effects
- Vas Deferens/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, Chiba, Japan (K.Ma., N.M., K.T., S.H.); Department of Toxicology (K.Ma., M.N., T.S.) and Department of Pharmacology (K.Ma., M.N.), Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Structure and Biological Function, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan (T.N., K.Mi., M.K., H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York (L.A.D.)
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22
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Hartung A, Beutler JA, Navarro HA, Wiemer DF, Neighbors JD. Stilbenes as κ-selective, non-nitrogenous opioid receptor antagonists. J Nat Prod 2014; 77:311-319. [PMID: 24456556 PMCID: PMC3993902 DOI: 10.1021/np4009046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The natural stilbene pawhuskin A has been shown to function as an opioid receptor antagonist, with preferential binding to the κ receptor. This finding encouraged assembly of a set of analogues to probe the importance of key structural features. Assays on these compounds determined that one (compound 29) shows potent opioid receptor binding activity and significantly improved selectivity for the κ receptor. These studies begin to illuminate the structural features of these non-nitrogenous opioid receptor antagonists that are required for activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa
M. Hartung
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - John A. Beutler
- Molecular
Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Hernán A. Navarro
- Discovery
Sciences, RTI International, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - David F. Wiemer
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Neighbors
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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23
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Zádor F, Kocsis D, Borsodi A, Benyhe S. Micromolar concentrations of rimonabant directly inhibits delta opioid receptor specific ligand binding and agonist-induced G-protein activity. Neurochem Int 2014; 67:14-22. [PMID: 24508403 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN There is a growing number of evidence showing, that the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonist rimonabant has many non-cannabimimetic actions, such as affecting the opioid system. The direct effect of rimonabant on opioid receptors has been studied so far mainly on μ-opioid receptors. However recently the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) receives much more attention as before, due to its potential therapeutic applications, such as nociception or treatment for psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVES To investigate the direct effect of rimonabant on DOR specific ligand binding and on the DOR mediated G-protein activation. RESULTS Micromolar concentrations of rimonabant directly inhibited the DOR specific agonist binding in radioligand competition binding experiments using Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with mouse DOR (CHO-mDOR). However the inhibition occurred also in the subnanomolar range during DOR specific antagonist binding in similar experimental conditions. In functional [(35)S]GTPγS binding assays rimonabant significantly decreased the basal receptor activity in CHO-mDOR but also in parental CHO cell membranes. During DOR agonist stimulation, micromolar concentration of rimonabant attenuated the DOR G-protein activation and the potency of the activator ligand in [(35)S]GTPγS binding assays performed in CHO-mDOR, in wild type and also in CB1/CB2 double knock-out mouse forebrain membranes. Yet again this inhibitory action was DOR specific, since it did not occur during other specific GPCR agonist mediated G-protein activation. CONCLUSION Rimonabant directly inhibited DOR function in the micromolar concentrations. The inhibitory actions indicate an antagonistic behavior towards DOR which was established by the followings: (i) rimonabant inhibited DOR antagonist binding more effectively than agonist binding, (ii) the inverse agonistic, agonistic effect of the compound can be excluded, and (iii) additionally according to previous findings the allosteric mechanism can also be foreclosed.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CHO Cells
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism
- Ligands
- Mice
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Protein Binding
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Rimonabant
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Zádor
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Kocsis
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Borsodi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Benyhe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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24
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Tian X, Guo J, Zhu M, Li M, Wu G, Xia Y. δ-Opioid receptor activation rescues the functional TrkB receptor and protects the brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69252. [PMID: 23844255 PMCID: PMC3699518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES δ-opioid receptor (DOR) activation reduced brain ischemic infarction and attenuated neurological deficits, while DOR inhibition aggravated the ischemic damage. The underlying mechanisms are, however, not well understood yet. In this work, we asked if DOR activation protects the brain against ischemic injury through a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -TrkB pathway. METHODS We exposed adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to focal cerebral ischemia, which was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). DOR agonist TAN-67 (60 nmol), antagonist Naltrindole (100 nmol) or artificial cerebral spinal fluid was injected into the lateral cerebroventricle 30 min before MCAO. Besides the detection of ischemic injury, the expression of BDNF, full-length and truncated TrkB, total CREB, p-CREB, p-ATF and CD11b was detected by Western blot and fluorescence immunostaining. RESULTS DOR activation with TAN-67 significantly reduced the ischemic volume and largely reversed the decrease in full-length TrkB protein expression in the ischemic cortex and striatum without any appreciable change in cerebral blood flow, while the DOR antagonist Naltrindole aggregated the ischemic injury. However, the level of BDNF remained unchanged in the cortex, striatum and hippocampus at 24 hours after MCAO and did not change in response to DOR activation or inhibition. MCAO decreased both total CREB and pCREB in the striatum, but not in the cortex, while DOR inhibition promoted a further decrease in total and phosphorylated CREB in the striatum and decreased pATF-1 expression in the cortex. In addition, MCAO increased CD11b expression in the cortex, striatum and hippocampus, and DOR activation specifically attenuated the ischemic increase in the cortex but not in the striatum and hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS DOR activation rescues TrkB signaling by reversing ischemia/reperfusion induced decrease in the full-length TrkB receptor and reduces brain injury in ischemia/reperfusion.
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MESH Headings
- Activating Transcription Factor 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Brain/blood supply
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain Ischemia/complications
- Brain Ischemia/metabolism
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
- CD11b Antigen/metabolism
- Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/complications
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/metabolism
- Male
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, trkB/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/etiology
- Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jingchun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (JG) (YX)
| | - Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gencheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JG) (YX)
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25
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Ju J, Shin DJ, Na YC, Yoon MH. Role of spinal opioid receptor on the antiallodynic effect of intrathecal nociceptin in neuropathic rat. Neurosci Lett 2013; 542:118-22. [PMID: 23545207 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of intrathecal nociceptin for neuropathic pain and determine the role of spinal opioid receptor types. Neuropathic pain was induced by ligation of L5 and L6 spinal nerves in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Several antagonists were intrathecally administered to evaluate the action mechanisms of nociceptin: nonselective opioid receptor antagonist (naloxone), μ opioid receptor antagonist (CTOP), δ opioid receptor antagonist (naltrindole) and κ opioid receptor antagonist (GNTI). The levels of opioid receptor proteins were examined by Western blotting. Intrathecal nociceptin produced dose-dependent antiallodynia. Intrathecal naloxone reversed the antinociception of nociceptin. Intrathecal CTOP, naltrindole and GNTI reversed the antinociceptive effect of nociceptin. Western blots showed that the levels of spinal opioid receptor proteins did not differ between rats with neuropathic pain and naïve rats. Intrathecal nociceptin increased the level of δ opioid receptor protein compared with that of nerve ligated rats, while the levels of μ, and κ opioid receptor proteins were unchanged. These results suggest that intrathecal nociceptin produced antiallodynic effect in spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain. All three types of spinal μ, δ, and κ opioid receptors were involved in the antiallodynic mechanism of nociceptin.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Hyperalgesia/physiopathology
- Infusions, Spinal
- Male
- Motor Activity
- Narcotic Antagonists
- Neuralgia/metabolism
- Neuralgia/physiopathology
- Opioid Peptides/pharmacology
- Opioid Peptides/physiology
- Pain Threshold
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Touch
- Nociceptin
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University, Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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26
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Wand GS, Weerts EM, Kuwabara H, Wong DF, Xu X, McCaul ME. The relationship between naloxone-induced cortisol and delta opioid receptor availability in mesolimbic structures is disrupted in alcohol-dependent subjects. Addict Biol 2013; 18:181-92. [PMID: 22264217 PMCID: PMC3337889 DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses following naloxone administration have been assumed to provide a measure of opioid receptor activity. Employing positron emission tomography (PET) using the mu opioid receptor (MOR) selective ligand [(11)C] carfentanil (CFN), we demonstrated that cortisol responses to naloxone administration were negatively correlated with MOR availability. In this study, we examined whether naloxone-induced cortisol and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) responses in 15 healthy control and 20 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent subjects correlated with delta opioid receptor (DOR) availability in 15 brain regions using the DOR-selective ligand [(11)C] methyl-naltrindole (MeNTL) and PET imaging. The day after the scan, cortisol responses to cumulative doses of naloxone were determined. Peak cortisol and ACTH levels and area under the cortisol and ACTH curve did not differ by group. There were negative relationships between cortisol area under curve to naloxone and [(11)C] MeNTL-binding potential (BP(ND)) in the ventral striatum, anterior cingulate, fusiform cortices, temporal cortex, putamen and a trend in the hypothalamus of healthy control subjects. However, in alcohol-dependent subjects, cortisol responses did not correlate with [(11)C]MeNTL BP(ND) in any brain region. Plasma ACTH levels did not correlate with [(11)C]MeNTL BP(ND) in either group. The study demonstrates that naloxone provides information about individual differences in DOR availability in several mesolimbic structures. The data also show that the HPA axis is intimately connected with mesolimbic stress pathways through opioidergic neurotransmission in healthy subjects but this relationship is disrupted during early abstinence in alcohol-dependent subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary S Wand
- Departments of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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27
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Abstract
The antinociceptive effects of analogs of deltorphins: cyclo(Nδ,Nδ-carbonyl-D-Orn2, Orn4)deltorphin (DEL-6) and deltorphin II N-(ureidoethyl)amide (DK-4) after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration were investigated in the tail-immersion test in rats. Morphine, the most commonly used μ-opioid receptors (MOR) agonist, was employed as a reference compound. The contribution of the MOR, δ-(DOR) and κ-opioid receptors (KOR) in antinociceptive effects of the deltorphins analogs was studies using selective antagonists of these receptors. The results indicated that DK-4 (5, 10 and 20 nmol) and DEL-6 (5, 10 and 20 nmol) were the most effective in alleviating thermal pain at the dose of 20 nmol. The antinociceptive potency of DEL-6 at the dose of 20 nmol was approximately equal but DK-4 at the dose of 20 nmol was less effective than morphine at the dose of 13 nmol. DOR antagonist - naltrindole (NTI, 5 nmol) very strongly and, to the lower extent MOR antagonist - β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA, 5 nmol), inhibited antinociceptive effect of DK-4 (20 nmol). In turn, β-FNA was more potent than NTI in inhibition of the antinociceptive effects of DEL-6. Co-administration of DEL-6 and morphine at doses of 5 nmol, which do not produce measurable antinociception, generated additive antinociceptive effect. Chronic intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of morphine (9 days) displayed a marked analgesic tolerance to the challenge dose of morphine and a slight cross-tolerance to challenge doses of DEL-6 and DK-4, given i.c.v. These findings indicate that the new deltorphin analogs recruit DOR and MOR to attenuate the nociceptive response to acute thermal stimuli.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Drug Synergism
- Drug Tolerance
- Male
- Morphine/administration & dosage
- Morphine/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Nociception/drug effects
- Oligopeptides/administration & dosage
- Oligopeptides/pharmacology
- Pain Measurement
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kotlinska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
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28
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Granier S, Manglik A, Kruse AC, Kobilka TS, Thian FS, Weis WI, Kobilka BK. Structure of the δ-opioid receptor bound to naltrindole. Nature 2012; 485:400-4. [PMID: 22596164 PMCID: PMC3523198 DOI: 10.1038/nature11111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 517] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The opioid receptor family comprises three members, the µ-, δ- and κ-opioid receptors, which respond to classical opioid alkaloids such as morphine and heroin as well as to endogenous peptide ligands like endorphins. They belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, and are excellent therapeutic targets for pain control. The δ-opioid receptor (δ-OR) has a role in analgesia, as well as in other neurological functions that remain poorly understood. The structures of the µ-OR and κ-OR have recently been solved. Here we report the crystal structure of the mouse δ-OR, bound to the subtype-selective antagonist naltrindole. Together with the structures of the µ-OR and κ-OR, the δ-OR structure provides insights into conserved elements of opioid ligand recognition while also revealing structural features associated with ligand-subtype selectivity. The binding pocket of opioid receptors can be divided into two distinct regions. Whereas the lower part of this pocket is highly conserved among opioid receptors, the upper part contains divergent residues that confer subtype selectivity. This provides a structural explanation and validation for the 'message-address' model of opioid receptor pharmacology, in which distinct 'message' (efficacy) and 'address' (selectivity) determinants are contained within a single ligand. Comparison of the address region of the δ-OR with other GPCRs reveals that this structural organization may be a more general phenomenon, extending to other GPCR families as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Granier
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. USA
- CNRS UMR 5203, and INSERM U661, and Université Montpellier 1 et 2, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, 34094, France
| | - Aashish Manglik
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. USA
| | - Andrew C. Kruse
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. USA
| | - Tong Sun Kobilka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. USA
| | - Foon Sun Thian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. USA
| | - William I. Weis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Brian K. Kobilka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. USA
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29
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Nielsen CK, Simms JA, Bito-Onon JJ, Li R, Ananthan S, Bartlett SE. The delta opioid receptor antagonist, SoRI-9409, decreases yohimbine stress-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking. Addict Biol 2012; 17:224-34. [PMID: 21309957 DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00295.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A major problem in treating alcohol use disorders (AUDs) is the high rate of relapse due to stress and re-exposure to cues or an environment previously associated with alcohol use. Stressors can induce relapse to alcohol-seeking in humans or reinstatement in rodents. Delta opioid peptide receptors (DOP-Rs) play a role in cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking; however, their role in stress-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking is not known. The objective of this study was to determine the role of DOP-Rs in yohimbine-stress-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking. Male, Long-Evans rats were trained to self-administer 10% ethanol in daily 30-minute operant self-administration sessions using a FR3 schedule of reinforcement, followed by extinction training. Once extinction criteria were met, we examined the effects of the DOP-R antagonist, SoRI-9409 (0-5 mg/kg, i.p.) on yohimbine (2 mg/kg, i.p.) stress-induced reinstatement. Additionally, DOP-R-stimulated [(35) S]GTPγS binding was measured in brain membranes and plasma levels of corticosterone (CORT) were determined. Pre-treatment with SoRI-9409 decreased yohimbine stress-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking but did not affect yohimbine-induced increases in plasma CORT levels. Additionally, yohimbine increased DOP-R-stimulated (35) [S]GTPγS binding in brain membranes of ethanol-trained rats, an effect that was inhibited by SoRI-9409. This suggests that the DOP-R plays an important role in yohimbine-stress-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking behavior, and DOP-R antagonists may be promising candidates for further development as a treatment for AUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten K Nielsen
- Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 5858 Horton Street, Emeryville, CA, USA
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30
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van Rijn RM, Brissett DI, Whistler JL. Emergence of functional spinal delta opioid receptors after chronic ethanol exposure. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 71:232-8. [PMID: 21889123 PMCID: PMC4086708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The delta opioid receptor (DOR) is a promising target to treat multiple indications, including alcoholism, anxiety, and nonmalignant pain. The potential of the DORs has been underappreciated, in part, due to relatively low functional expression of these receptors in naïve states. However, chronic exposure to stress, opioids, and inflammation can induce a redistribution of DORs to the cell surface where they can be activated. Previously, DORs were shown to be selectively/exclusively present in spinal cord circuits mediating mechanical sensitivity but not those mediating thermal nociception under naïve conditions. METHODS We spinally administered DOR and mu opioid receptor (MOR) selective agonists ([D-Pen2,D-Pen5]-Enkephalin, deltorphin II, SNC80, and DAMGO) and antagonists (naltriben and CTAP) and determined thermal antinociception and mechanical sensitivity in wild-type mice or mice with a genetic disruption of DOR or MOR. Thermal antinociception was measured using a radiant heat tail-flick assay; mechanical sensitivity was measured using von Frey filaments. Dose response curves were generated in naïve mice and mice exposed to ethanol in a model of voluntary consumption. RESULTS We show that prolonged exposure to ethanol can promote an upregulation of functional DORs in the spinal cord in thermal pain-mediating circuits but not in those mediating mechanical sensitivity. The upregulated DORs either modulate MOR-mediated analgesia through convergence of circuits or signal transduction pathways and/or interact directly with MORs to form a new functional (heteromeric) unit. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that DORs could be a novel target in conditions in which DORs are redistributed.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Ethanol/administration & dosage
- Ethanol/pharmacology
- Injections, Spinal
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Nociception/drug effects
- Nociception/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M van Rijn
- Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, Emeryville, California 94608, USA
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31
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Laurent V, Leung B, Maidment N, Balleine BW. μ- and δ-opioid-related processes in the accumbens core and shell differentially mediate the influence of reward-guided and stimulus-guided decisions on choice. J Neurosci 2012; 32:1875-83. [PMID: 22302826 PMCID: PMC3742880 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4688-11.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Two motivational processes affect choice between actions: (1) changes in the reward value of the goal or outcome of an action and (2) changes in the predicted value of an action based on outcome-related stimuli. Here, we evaluated the role of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and δ-opioid receptor (DOR) in the nucleus accumbens in the way these motivational processes influence choice using outcome revaluation and pavlovian-instrumental transfer tests. We first examined the effect of genetic deletion of MOR and DOR in specific knock-out mice. We then assessed the effect of infusing the MOR antagonist d-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Arg-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH(2) (CTAP) or the DOR antagonist naltrindole into the core or shell subregions of the nucleus accumbens on these tests in rats. We found that, whereas MOR knock-outs showed normal transfer, they failed to show a selective outcome revaluation effect. Conversely, DOR knock-outs showed normal revaluation but were insensitive to the influence of outcome-related cues on choice. This double dissociation was also found regionally within the nucleus accumbens in rats. Infusion of naltrindole into the accumbens shell abolished transfer but had no effect on outcome revaluation and did not influence either effect when infused into the accumbens core. Conversely, infusion of CTAP into the accumbens core abolished sensitivity to outcome revaluation but had no effect on transfer and did not influence either effect when infused into the accumbens shell. These results suggest that reward-based and stimulus-based values exert distinct motivational influences on choice that can be doubly dissociated both neuroanatomically and neurochemically at the level of the nucleus accumbens.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Choice Behavior/physiology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/physiology
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Rats, Long-Evans
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
- Reward
- Somatostatin/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Laurent
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia, and
| | - Beatrice Leung
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia, and
| | - Nigel Maidment
- Semel Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Bernard W. Balleine
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia, and
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32
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Wang Q, Traynor JR. Opioid-induced down-regulation of RGS4: role of ubiquitination and implications for receptor cross-talk. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:7854-7864. [PMID: 21209077 PMCID: PMC3048672 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.160911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling protein 4 (RGS4) acts as a GTPase accelerating protein to modulate μ- and δ- opioid receptor (MOR and DOR, respectively) signaling. In turn, exposure to MOR agonists leads to changes in RGS4 at the mRNA and/or protein level. Here we have used human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells that endogenously express MOR, DOR, and RGS4 to study opioid-mediated down-regulation of RGS4. Overnight treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with the MOR agonist DAMGO or the DOR agonist DPDPE decreased RGS4 protein by ∼60% accompanied by a profound loss of opioid receptors but with no change in RGS4 mRNA. The decrease in RGS4 protein was prevented by the pretreatment with pertussis toxin or the opioid antagonist naloxone. The agonist-induced down-regulation of RGS4 proteins was completely blocked by treatment with the proteasome inhibitors MG132 or lactacystin or high concentrations of leupeptin, indicating involvement of ubiquitin-proteasome and lysosomal degradation. Polyubiquitinated RGS4 protein was observed in the presence of MG132 or the specific proteasome inhibitor lactacystin and promoted by opioid agonist. The loss of opioid receptors was not prevented by MG132, demonstrating a different degradation pathway. RGS4 is a GTPase accelerating protein for both Gα(i/o) and Gα(q) proteins. After overnight treatment with DAMGO to reduce RGS4 protein, signaling at the Gα(i/o)-coupled DOR and the Gα(q)-coupled M(3) muscarinic receptor (M(3)R) was increased but not signaling of the α(2) adrenergic receptor or bradykinin BK(2) receptor, suggesting the development of cross-talk between the DOR and M(3)R involving RGS4.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylcysteine/analogs & derivatives
- Acetylcysteine/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology
- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-/pharmacology
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/metabolism
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Leupeptins/pharmacology
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Pertussis Toxin/pharmacology
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Proteasome Inhibitors
- RGS Proteins/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Bradykinin/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Time Factors
- Ubiquitination/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology and
| | - John R Traynor
- From the Department of Pharmacology and; Substance Abuse Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
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33
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Platt DM, Bano KM. Opioid receptors and the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol in squirrel monkeys: Mu and delta opioid receptor mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 650:233-9. [PMID: 20940013 PMCID: PMC2997855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mu and delta opioid receptors modulate the reinforcing effects of ethanol, however, their role in the subjective effects of ethanol is not well understood. This study evaluated the contribution of mu and delta opioid receptors to the subjective effects of ethanol using drug discrimination procedures. Monkeys were trained to discriminate ethanol from saline under a schedule of food delivery. In tests, ethanol engendered increases in drug-lever responding, reaching a maximum of >80%. The mu opioid receptor agonists fentanyl and buprenorphine and the delta opioid receptor agonists SNC 80 and SNC 162 did not substitute for the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol. As pretreatments, the full agonists fentanyl and SNC 80 enhanced the effects of low doses of ethanol and fentanyl attenuated the effects of the ethanol training dose. Although the possibility of pharmacological antagonism of the effects of ethanol cannot be ruled out, a more likely alternative is that the diminished effects of ethanol were due to perceptual masking of the ethanol stimulus. In contrast, the partial agonists buprenorphine and SNC 162 did not alter ethanol's effects. Finally, the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol were attenuated following administration of presumably mu-selective doses of the antagonist naltrexone, but not after administration of the delta opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole. The ability of naltrexone to block the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol likely reflects its capacity to attenuate ethanol-induced increases in endogenous opioids, in particular beta-endorphin, because attenuation of the ethanol stimulus was not accompanied by significant suppression of response rate.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ethanol/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Saimiri
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M Platt
- Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, One Pine Hill Drive, P.O. Box 9102, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA.
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34
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Albrizio M, Lacalandra GM, Micera E, Guaricci AC, Nicassio M, Zarrilli A. Delta opioid receptor on equine sperm cells: subcellular localization and involvement in sperm motility analyzed by computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA). Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2010; 8:78. [PMID: 20579355 PMCID: PMC2901311 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-8-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid receptors and endogenous opioid peptides act not only in the control of nociceptive pathways, indeed several reports demonstrate the effects of opiates on sperm cell motility and morphology suggesting the importance of these receptors in the modulation of reproduction in mammals. In this study we investigated the expression of delta opioid receptors on equine spermatozoa by western blot/indirect immunofluorescence and its relationship with sperm cell physiology. METHODS We analyzed viability, motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction and mitochondrial activity in the presence of naltrindole and DPDPE by means of a computer assisted sperm analyzer and a fluorescent confocal microscope. The evaluation of viability, capacitation and acrosome reaction was carried out by the double CTC/Hoechst staining, whereas mitochondrial activity was assessed by means of MitoTracker Orange dye. RESULTS We showed that in equine sperm cells, delta opioid receptor is expressed as a doublet of 65 and 50 kDa molecular mass and is localized in the mid piece of tail; we also demonstrated that naltrindole, a delta opioid receptor antagonist, could be utilized in modulating several physiological parameters of the equine spermatozoon in a dose-dependent way. We also found that low concentrations of the antagonist increase sperm motility whereas high concentrations show the opposite effect. Moreover low concentrations hamper capacitation, acrosome reaction and viability even if the percentage of cells with active mitochondria seems to be increased; the opposite effect is exerted at high concentrations. We have also observed that the delta opioid receptor agonist DPDPE is scarcely involved in affecting the same parameters at the employed concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The results described in this paper add new important details in the comprehension of the mammalian sperm physiology and suggest new insights for improving reproduction and for optimizing equine breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Albrizio
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, I-70010, Valenzano (BA), Italy
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35
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Gwak MS, Li L, Zuo Z. Morphine preconditioning reduces lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma-induced mouse microglial cell injury via delta 1 opioid receptor activation. Neuroscience 2010; 167:256-60. [PMID: 20156527 PMCID: PMC2849923 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 02/06/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microglial cells play an important role in the inflammatory response of a broad range of brain diseases including stroke, brain infection and neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is very little information regarding how to protect microglial cells. Here, we showed that incubation of the C8-B4 mouse microglial cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) induced cytotoxicity as assessed by the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from the cells. Preconditioning the cells with morphine for 30 min concentration-dependently reduced LPS plus IFN gamma-induced cell injury. This morphine preconditioning effect was abolished by naloxone, a general opioid receptor antagonist, by naltrindole, a selective delta opioid receptor antagonist and by 7-benzylidenenaltrexone maleate, a selective delta(1) opioid receptor antagonist. However, this protective effect was not affected by beta-funaltrexamine, a selective mu opioid receptor antagonist, nor-binaltorphimine, a selective kappa opioid receptor antagonist or naltriben, a selective delta(2) opioid receptor antagonist. LPS plus IFN gamma induced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which was not affected by morphine preconditioning. Our results suggest that morphine induced a preconditioning effect in microglial cells. This effect may be mediated by delta 1 opioid receptors and may not be through inhibiting the expression of iNOS, a potentially harmful protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-S Gwak
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, 1 Hospital Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0710, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
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36
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Correa JD, Paiva-Lima P, Rezende RM, Dos Reis WGP, Ferreira-Alves DL, Bakhle YS, Francischi JN. Peripheral mu-, kappa- and delta-opioid receptors mediate the hypoalgesic effect of celecoxib in a rat model of thermal hyperalgesia. Life Sci 2010; 86:951-6. [PMID: 20451533 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The endogenous opioids mediate the analgesic effects of celecoxib in a model of mechanical hyperalgesia in rats. As responses to thermal stimuli may differ from those to mechanical stimuli, we have here assessed celecoxib in a rat model of thermal hyperalgesia and the possible involvement of endogenous opioids and their corresponding receptors in these effects. MAIN METHODS Injection of carrageenan (CG) into one hind paw induced a dose-related hyperalgesia (decreased time for paw withdrawal) to thermal stimuli (infra-red light beam), over 6h. KEY FINDINGS Celecoxib (sc) 30 min before CG (250 microg per paw) induced a dose-dependent reversal of hyperalgesia, with withdrawal times well above basal levels, characterizing development of hypoalgesia. Indomethacin (sc) reversed CG-induced hyperalgesia only to basal levels (an anti-hyperalgesic effect). Naltrexone (sc) prevented hypoalgesia after celecoxib but did not change the response to indomethacin. Local (intraplantar) injection of either a selective antagonist of mu-(beta-funaltrexamine), kappa-(nor-binaltorphimine) or of delta-(naltrindole) opioid receptors also reversed the hypoalgesic effects of celecoxib, without modifying the hyperalgesia due to CG or affecting the nociceptive thresholds in the non-injected paw. SIGNIFICANCE Our data show that celecoxib, unlike indomethacin, was hypoalgesic in this model of thermal hyperalgesia, and that this effect was mediated by peripheral mu-, kappa- and delta-opioid receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carrageenan
- Celecoxib
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hyperalgesia/drug therapy
- Hyperalgesia/physiopathology
- Male
- Narcotic Antagonists
- Pain Threshold/drug effects
- Physical Stimulation
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Pyrazoles/therapeutic use
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Sulfonamides/therapeutic use
- Temperature
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Affiliation(s)
- Jôice D Correa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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37
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Wong GTC, Li R, Jiang LL, Irwin MG. Remifentanil post-conditioning attenuates cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury via kappa or delta opioid receptor activation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2010; 54:510-8. [PMID: 19878098 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.02145.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic pre- or post-conditioning of the heart has been shown to involve opioid receptors. Remifentanil, an ultra-short-acting selective mu opioid receptor agonist in clinical use, pre-conditions the rat heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study investigates whether remifentanil post-conditioning is also cardioprotective. METHODS Remifentanil post-conditioning (5-min infusion at 1, 5, 10 or 20 microg/kg/min) or ischemic post-conditioning (three cycles of a 10 s reperfusion interspersed with a 10 s ischemia) was induced in an open-chest rat heart model of ischemia and reperfusion injury, in the presence or absence of nor-binaltorphimine, naltrindole or CTOP, specific kappa, delta and mu opioid receptor antagonists, respectively. The same sequence of experiments was repeated in the isolated heart model using the maximal protective dose of remifentanil from the dose-response studies. RESULTS Both ischemic and remifentanil post-conditioning reduced the myocardial infarct size relative to the control group in both models. This cardioprotective effect for both post-conditioning regimes was prevented by the prior administration of nor-binaltorphimine and naltrindole but not CTOP. The sole administration of the antagonists had no effect on the size of myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that remifentanil post-conditioning protects the heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury to a similar extent as of ischemic post-conditioning. This protection involves kappa and delta but not mu opioid receptor activation. This drug has great potential as a clinical post-conditioning modality as it can be given in large doses without prolonged opioid-related side effects.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Blood Pressure/physiology
- Cardiotonic Agents
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Heart Rate/physiology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial
- Male
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Myocardium/pathology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Remifentanil
- Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives
- Somatostatin/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- G T C Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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38
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Platt DM, Rowlett JK, Spealman RD. Asymmetric generalization and interaction profiles in rhesus monkeys discriminating intravenous cocaine or intravenous heroin from vehicle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2010; 332:985-95. [PMID: 19965959 PMCID: PMC2835439 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.162941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many polydrug abusers combine cocaine with heroin in the form of a "speedball." This study investigated the discriminative stimulus (DS) effects of speedballs in rhesus monkeys trained to discriminate either intravenous cocaine or intravenous heroin from vehicle. Initial substitution tests revealed an asymmetry in the generalization profile of dopamine and opioid agonists such that mu agonists partially substituted for cocaine, but direct and indirect dopamine agonists did not substitute for heroin. Subsequent speedball tests in which drug mixtures were administered by coinjecting the component drugs while keeping the dose-ratio constant revealed an additional asymmetry. In cocaine-trained monkeys, coadministration of cocaine and heroin produced leftward shifts in the cocaine dose-response function. Heroin's cocaine-enhancing effects were mimicked by the mu agonists fentanyl and methadone and less consistently by the delta agonist (+)-4-[(alphaR)-alpha-((2S,5R)-4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]-N,N-diethylbenzamide (SNC 80) and reversed by the mu antagonist naltrexone and the delta antagonist naltrindole. In heroin-trained monkeys, coadministration of cocaine and heroin attenuated the DS effects of heroin. Cocaine's heroin-attenuating effects were mimicked by the D1-like agonist 6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-(1H)-3-benzazepine (SKF 81297) and the D2-like agonist R-(-)-propylnorapomorphine and reversed by the D1-like antagonist (6aS-trans)-11-chloro-6,6a,7,8,9,13b-hexahydro-7-methyl-5H- benzo[d] aphtha[2,1-b]azepin-12-ol hydrobromide (SCH 39166) and the D2-like antagonist raclopride. Attenuation of the effects of heroin was accompanied by decreases in response rate. These results suggest that heroin enhances the DS effects of cocaine via mu, and to a lesser extent delta, receptor mechanisms; whereas cocaine-induced inhibition of the DS effects of heroin probably was due at least in part to masking of the heroin DS presumably via stimulation of both D1- and D2-like receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cocaine/administration & dosage
- Cocaine/pharmacology
- Discrimination, Psychological
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Drug Interactions
- Female
- Generalization, Psychological
- Heroin/administration & dosage
- Heroin/pharmacology
- Injections, Intravenous
- Macaca mulatta
- Male
- Narcotics/administration & dosage
- Narcotics/pharmacology
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M Platt
- Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, One Pine Hill Dr., Box 9102, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA.
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39
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Belkaï E, Scherrmann JM, Noble F, Marie-Claire C. Modulation of MDMA-induced behavioral and transcriptional effects by the delta opioid antagonist naltrindole in mice. Addict Biol 2009; 14:245-52. [PMID: 19523041 DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00156.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The delta opioid system is involved in the behavioral effects of various drugs of abuse. However, only a few studies have focused on the possible interactions between the opioid system and the effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). In order to examine the possible role of the delta opioid system in MDMA-induced behaviors in mice, locomotor activity and conditioned place preference (CPP) were investigated in the presence of naltrindole (NTI), a selective delta opioid antagonist. Moreover, the consequences of acute and chronic MDMA administration on pro-enkephalin (Penk) and pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc) gene expression were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR). The results showed that, after acute MDMA administration (9 mg/kg; i.p.), NTI (5 mg/kg, s.c.) was able to totally block MDMA-induced hyperlocomotion. Penk gene expression was not modulated by acute MDMA, but a decrease of Pomc gene expression was observed, which was not antagonized by NTI. Administration of the antagonist prevented the acquisition of MDMA-induced CPP, suggesting an implication of the delta opioid receptors in this behavior. Following chronic MDMA treatment, only the level of Pomc was modulated. The observed increase was totally blocked by NTI pre-treatment. All these results confirm the interactions between the delta opioid system (receptors and peptides) and the effects of MDMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Belkaï
- Laboratoire de Neuropsychopharmacologie des addictions (INSERM U705, CNRS UMR 7157), Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, Paris, France
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40
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Miranda HF, Pinardi G. Lack of effect of naltrindole on the spinal synergism of morphine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). J Physiol Pharmacol 2009; 60:71-76. [PMID: 19617648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To enhance analgesia, combination of analgesics drugs of proven efficacy is a strategy which is accompanied by a reduction of adverse effects. The present study was undertaken to characterize the antinociceptive interaction of morphine with different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) using isobolographic analysis and the writhing test of mice. One of the possible mechanisms of action of spinally administered morphine with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs was investigated using the DOR antagonist naltrindole. The study demonstrated a synergistic antinociception of spinal administered combinations of morphine with the following NSAIDs agents: diclofenac, ketoprofen, meloxicam, metamizol, naproxen, nimesulide, parecoxib and piroxicam. The supraadditive effect seems to be independent of the selectivity of each NSAIDs to inhibit COX-1 or COX-2. The findings of the present work suggest that the combinations of opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have a direct action on spinal processing of the nociceptive information, which may achieved by additional mechanisms independent of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition and/or activation of opioid receptors. The lack of effect of naltrindole to modify the analgesic activity of the combination of opioids and NSAIDs indicates that others pain regulatory systems are involved in this central action. Therefore, these combinations could be a viable alternative to clinical pain management, especially trough multimodal analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Miranda
- Pharmacology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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41
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Singh R, Rai U. Delta opioid receptor-mediated immunoregulatory role of methionine-enkephalin in freshwater teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch.). Peptides 2009; 30:1158-64. [PMID: 19463750 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2008] [Revised: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 02/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The immunoregulatory role of methionine-enkephalin (Met-enk) is well studied in mammals, but has not been explored in ectotherms despite the fact that this peptide is highly conserved in vertebrates. The present study demonstrates the diverse effects of Met-enk depending on its concentration and specific function of splenic phagocytes in the freshwater fish Channa punctatus. Although Met-enk increased both phagocytic as well as respiratory burst activity, the concentration-related response was opposite to each other. It had the maximum stimulatory effect on phagocytosis at 10(-9)M, while the same concentration was least effective in increasing superoxide production. Similarly, Met-enk at concentrations lower or higher than 10(-9)M was either ineffective or less effective in case of phagocytosis, while highly effective in stimulating superoxide production. On the other hand, concentration-independent inhibitory effect of Met-enk was observed in case of nitrite production. Nonetheless, Met-enk regulated all the functions of phagocyte through opioid receptors since non-specific opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone completely blocked the effect of Met-enk on phagocytosis, superoxide and nitrite production by splenic phagocytes of C. punctatus. Among selective opioid receptor antagonists, delta-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole completely antagonized the effect of Met-enk on phagocytosis, superoxide and nitrite production, while mu- and kappa-opioid receptor antagonist, CTAP and norbinaltorphimine, respectively, were ineffective in influencing any of the functions. This suggests that Met-enk modulates splenic phagocyte functions in the fish C. punctatus via delta-opioid receptor. This is further substantiated by using highly selective delta-opioid receptor agonist, SNC80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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42
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Chen YF, Chiang HM, Tsai YT, Tsai HY. Association of increased pain threshold by noise with central opioid neurons. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2009; 52:93-98. [PMID: 19764344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies indicated that stress would induce analgesia. Noise, one of the stressors, was assumed to be one of the elements to enhance the threshold of pain tolerance. Since noise might affect human's daily life, it is important to know the mechanism underlying this phenomenon. The objective of this study was to explore the possible mechanism which was trying to explain how the noise affects central nervous system and the possible relationship between this effect and the involvement of opioid neurons. In the preliminary study, the analgesic effect was corroborated in ICR mice in a formalin study. The results are as follows: [1] Naloxone (a micro-opioid receptor antagonist; 1 mg/kg, i.p.), beta-FNA (a delta-opioid receptor antagonist; 5, 10 mg, i.c.v.) and naltrindole (a delta-opioid receptor antagonist; 1, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) were found to reduce antinociceptive effect. [2] nor-BNI (a kappa-antagonist; 1 microg, i.c.v.) had much effect on noise induced analgesic. In conclusion, this study suggests that noise stress enhanced the threshold of analgesia, which might be related to micro- and delta-opioid receptors in the central nervous system.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesia/methods
- Animals
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Noise
- Opioid Peptides/metabolism
- Pain Measurement
- Pain Threshold/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Stress, Physiological/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Fung Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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43
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Davis CM, Stevenson GW, Cañadas F, Ullrich T, Rice KC, Riley AL. Discriminative stimulus properties of naloxone in Long-Evans rats: assessment with the conditioned taste aversion baseline of drug discrimination learning. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 203:421-9. [PMID: 18594795 PMCID: PMC2656383 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-008-1233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The characterization of the discriminative stimulus properties of naloxone has focused primarily on its actions at the mu opioid receptor, although naloxone also displays an affinity for delta and kappa receptor subtypes. OBJECTIVES The present study extends this characterization of the naloxone cue by investigating if relatively specific antagonists for the mu (naltrexone: 0.10-0.56 mg/kg), delta (naltrindole: 1-18 mg/kg), and kappa (MR2266: 1.8-10 mg/kg) opioid receptor subtypes will substitute for naloxone in animals trained to discriminate naloxone from its vehicle. The temporal nature of the naloxone cue was examined by varying pretreatment time points (15, 30, 45, 60 min). Finally, various doses of naltrexone methobromide (1-18 mg/kg) were assessed to determine peripheral mediation of the cue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female Long-Evans rats (N = 30) received an injection of naloxone (1 mg/kg; i.p.) 15 min prior to a pairing of saccharin (20-min access) and the emetic LiCl (1.8 mEq; i.p.; n = 16, group NL) or vehicle (n = 14, group NW); on other days, they were injected with saline prior to saccharin alone. Substitution tests with compounds with various receptor affinities and selective CNS and PNS actions were then assessed. RESULTS Only naloxone and naltrexone produced dose-dependent decreases in saccharin consumption. Naloxone administered at 15 and 30 min before saccharin produced decreases in consumption similar to that displayed on training days. Naltrexone methobromide substituted only at the highest dose tested (18 mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS Naloxone's stimulus effects appear to be mediated centrally via activity at the mu opioid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Davis
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
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44
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Lasukova TV, Maslov LN, Gorbunov AC, Tsibul'nuikov SI. [Intracellular mechanisms of opioidergic regulation of the myocardial function during normoxia and postischemic reperfusion]. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 2009; 95:376-386. [PMID: 19505040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cardioprotective and inotropic effects of selective agonists of delta1- and k1-opioid receptors (OR): DPDPE (0.1 microM/L) and U-50.488 (0.1 microM/L) were studied during 45 min global ischemia and 30 min reperfusion of the rat isolated perfused heart. Activation of both OR types promoted a 2-fold reduction in reperfusion leakage of creatine kinase. Cardioprotective effect of U-50.488 was accompanied by a 2-fold decrease in cAMP levels in myocardium. The selective delta1-agonist DPDPE had no effect on the cAMP content. Cardioprotective effect of DPDPE was not demonstrated after inhibition of Ca2+-ATPase in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by cyclopiazonic acid. Stimulation of myocardial delta1- and K1-OR decreased the heart rate and force of contraction both before ischemia and during reperfusion. In summary, cardioprotective effect of U-50.488 depends on the reduction in myocardial cAMP levels whereas cytoprotective effect of DPDPE is mediated via opioidergic alteration in Ca2+-transport at SR level. Decrease in pump function of heart in response to OR activation does not depend upon alteration in cAMP levels in the myocardium.
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MESH Headings
- 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer/pharmacology
- 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology
- Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use
- Creatine Kinase/blood
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-/pharmacology
- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-/therapeutic use
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Heart Rate/physiology
- Male
- Myocardial Contraction/drug effects
- Myocardial Contraction/physiology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/physiology
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/physiology
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism
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45
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Nielsen CK, Simms JA, Pierson HB, Li R, Saini SK, Ananthan S, Bartlett SE. A novel delta opioid receptor antagonist, SoRI-9409, produces a selective and long-lasting decrease in ethanol consumption in heavy-drinking rats. Biol Psychiatry 2008; 64:974-81. [PMID: 18774553 PMCID: PMC3888668 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Revised: 07/12/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naltrexone, a compound with high affinity for the mu opioid receptor (MOP-R) reduces alcohol consumption. SoRI-9409 is a derivative of naltrexone that has highest affinity at delta opioid receptors (DOP-Rs). We have investigated the effects of SoRI-9409 on ethanol consumption to determine the consequences of altering the naltrexone compound to a form with increased efficacy at DOP-Rs. METHODS Effects of the opioid receptor antagonists, SoRI-9409 (0-30 mg/kg, IP), naltrexone (0-30 mg/kg, IP), or naltrindole (0-10 mg/kg, IP) on ethanol consumption was measured in high- and low-ethanol-consuming rats with two different drinking paradigms. SoRI-9409-, naltrexone-, and naltrindole-mediated inhibition of DOP-R-stimulated [(35)S]GTP gamma S binding was measured in brain membranes prepared from high-ethanol-consuming rats. The effects of SoRI-9409 on morphine-mediated analgesia, conditioned place preference, and anxiety were also examined. RESULTS In high- but not low-ethanol-consuming animals, SoRI-9409 is threefold more effective and selective at reducing ethanol consumption when compared with naltrexone or naltrindole for up to 24 hours. SoRI-9409 administered daily for 28 days continuously reduced ethanol consumption, and when the administration of SoRI-9409 was terminated, the amount of ethanol consumed remained lower compared with vehicle-treated animals. Furthermore, SoRI-9409 inhibits DOP-R-stimulated [(35)S]GTP gamma S binding in brain membranes of high-ethanol-consuming rats. CONCLUSIONS SoRI-9409 causes selective and long-lasting reductions of ethanol consumption. This suggests that compounds that have high affinity for DOP-Rs such as SoRI-9409 might be promising candidates for development as a novel therapeutic for the treatment of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten K Nielsen
- Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California San Francisco, Emeryville, California 94608, USA
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46
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Jinsmaa Y, Marczak ED, Balboni G, Salvadori S, Lazarus LH. Inhibition of the development of morphine tolerance by a potent dual mu-delta-opioid antagonist, H-Dmt-Tic-Lys-NH-CH2-Ph. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2008; 90:651-7. [PMID: 18571706 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Three analogues of the dual mu-/delta-antagonist, H-Dmt-Tic-R-NH-CH2-Ph (R = 1, Lys-Z; 2, Lys-Ac; 3, Lys) were examined in vivo: 1 and 2 exhibited weak bioactivity, while 3 injected intracerebroventricularly was a potent dual antagonist for morphine- and deltorphin C-induced antinociception comparable to naltrindole (delta-antagonist), but 93% as effective as naloxone (nonspecific opioid receptor antagonist) and 4% as active as CTOP, a mu antagonist. Subcutaneous or oral administration of 3 antagonized morphine-induced antinociception indicating passage across epithelial and blood-brain barriers. Mice pretreated with 3 before morphine did not develop morphine tolerance indicative of a potential clinical role to inhibit development of drug tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunden Jinsmaa
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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Cline MA, Mathews DS. Anoretic effects of neuropeptide FF are mediated via central mu and kappa subtypes of opioid receptors and receptor ligands. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2008; 159:125-9. [PMID: 18823989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we demonstrated that neuropeptide FF (NPFF) causes anorexigenic effects in chicks that were associated with the hypothalamus. The present study was designed to better understand some of the central mechanisms that mediate these effects. Co-injection of NPFF and beta-funaltrexamine (FNA, a mu opioid receptor antagonist) did not suppress food intake more than when NPFF and FNA were injected alone. However, co-injection of NPFF and ICI-174,864 (ICI, a delta opioid receptor antagonist) caused a greater reduction in food intake than when NPFF and ICI were injected alone. Co-injection of NPFF and nor-binaltorphimine (BNI, a kappa opioid receptor antagonist) did not cause a greater suppression of food intake than when NPFF and BNI were injected alone. Hyperphagia induced by neuropeptide Y and beta-endorphin (both ligands of opioid receptors) was reversed by NPFF. These results suggest that NPFF-induced satiety has a relationship with mu and kappa but not delta subtypes of opioid receptors, and since NPFF does not bind opioid receptors itself NPFF-associated satiety is likely mediated by effects on opioid receptor ligands such as NPY and beta-endorphin. Thus, NPFF induced satiety may be mediated via modulation of the chick's innate opioid-associated orexigenic system.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anorexia/chemically induced
- Chickens
- Eating/drug effects
- Female
- Ligands
- Male
- Naltrexone/administration & dosage
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/administration & dosage
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Oligopeptides/administration & dosage
- Oligopeptides/pharmacology
- Random Allocation
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Cline
- Department of Biology, P.O. Box 6931, Radford University, Radford, VA 24142, USA.
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Zhao M, Joo DT. Enhancement of spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function by remifentanil action at delta-opioid receptors as a mechanism for acute opioid-induced hyperalgesia or tolerance. Anesthesiology 2008. [PMID: 18648240 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0b013e31817f4c5d.pubmed:18648240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraoperative remifentanil infusions have been associated with postoperative opioid-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance. Using a previously identified subpopulation of spinal neurons that displays an augmentation in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor current after chronic morphine, investigations were undertaken to determine whether remifentanil induces acute increases in NMDA responses that are concentration dependent and receptor subtype dependent. METHODS Electrophysiologic recordings of NMDA current were made from cultured rat dorsal horn neurons treated with remifentanil at various concentrations for 60 min. Selective mu- or delta-opioid receptor inhibitors and agonists were used to determine the site of action of remifentanil. RESULTS Remifentanil at 4, 6, and 8 nM, but not higher or lower concentrations, caused significant mean increases in NMDA peak current amplitude of 37.30% (P < 0.001), 30.19% (P < 0.001), and 23.52% (P = 0.025), respectively, over control conditions. This occurred by 36 min of remifentanil perfusion and persisted throughout its washout. Inhibition by 100 nM naloxone or 1 nM naltrindole attenuated the remifentanil-induced NMDA response increase. Selective delta-opioid agonists [D-Pen(2), D-Pen(5)]enkephalin and deltorphin II displayed a similar bell-shaped concentration-response relation for the enhancement of NMDA responses, and 10 nM deltorphin II occluded the effects of 4 nM remifentanil on NMDA responses. CONCLUSIONS Clinically relevant concentrations of remifentanil induce rapid, persistent increases in NMDA responses that mirror the development of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance. NMDA enhancement by remifentanil is dependent on the activation of both mu- and delta-opioid receptors and is inducible solely by delta-opioid receptor activation. Therefore, selective delta-opioid inhibition may attenuate acute paradoxical increases in pain and tolerance to opioids.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Interactions
- Electrophysiology
- Female
- Hyperalgesia
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Patch-Clamp Techniques/methods
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Posterior Horn Cells/drug effects
- Posterior Horn Cells/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Remifentanil
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, and Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Menéndez L, Hidalgo A, Meana A, Poras H, Fournié-Zaluski MC, Roques BP, Baamonde A. Inhibition of osteosarcoma-induced thermal hyperalgesia in mice by the orally active dual enkephalinase inhibitor PL37. Potentiation by gabapentin. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 596:50-5. [PMID: 18692494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that stimulation of peripheral opioid receptors by exogenous opiates counteracts the thermal hyperalgesia elicited by a tibial osteosarcoma due to intraosteal inoculation of NCTC 2472 cells to mice. Aiming to study whether pheripheral endogenous enkephalins could also counteract this painful symptom, we assayed in this model the effects of PL37, an orally active dual inhibitor of enkephalin inactivating enzymes. Oral administration of PL37 (25 mg/kg) completely supressed osteosarcoma-induced thermal hyperalgesia through the activation of micro-opioid receptors, since the administration of cyprodime (1 mg/kg) inhibited its antihyperalgesic effect. Neither naltrindole (0.1 mg/kg) nor nor-binaltorphimine (10 mg/kg) modified this PL37-induced antihyperalgesic effect. Moreover, the inhibition of the antihyperalgesic effect induced by PL37 after the administration of naloxone-methiodide (2 mg/kg), a non selective opioid antagonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier, demonstrates the involvement of peripheral opioid receptors. In contrast, centrally mediated effects may be detected when assaying a higher dose of PL37 (50 mg/kg). Besides, the administration of gabapentin (6.25-25 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently inhibited osteosarcoma-induced thermal hyperalgesia. Interestingly, the combined administration of subeffective doses of PL37 and gabapentin completely prevented this type of thermal hyperalgesia. An isobolographic analysis of this interaction demonstrated a synergistic interaction between both drugs.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Amines/therapeutic use
- Analgesics/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Bone Neoplasms/complications
- Bone Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids/therapeutic use
- Disulfides/therapeutic use
- Drug Synergism
- Gabapentin
- Hot Temperature
- Hyperalgesia/drug therapy
- Hyperalgesia/etiology
- Hyperalgesia/physiopathology
- Mice
- Naloxone/analogs & derivatives
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Neprilysin/antagonists & inhibitors
- Osteosarcoma/complications
- Osteosarcoma/physiopathology
- Propylamines/therapeutic use
- Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
- gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Menéndez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, c/ Julián Clavería 6, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Geĭn SV, Gorshkova KG, Tendriakova SP. [Regulation of IL-1beta and IL-8 production by mu-, delta-opiate receptors agonists in vitro]. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 2008; 94:814-821. [PMID: 18767394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The beta-endorphin 10(-7-)-10(-11) M in LPS (lypopolisaccharide) presence and in spontaneous cultures promoted the IL-1beta production in mixed leukocyte fraction. LPS-induced IL-8 production in leukocyte fraction was inhibited by beta-endorphin 10(-7), 10(-11) M. The enchasing effect of beta-endorphin on IL-1beta production was not blocked by naloxone and naltrindole. The inhibitory effect of beta-endorphin on IL-8 production was blocked by naloxone and naltrindole. In mononuclear and neutrophile fractions beta-endorphin and delta-agonist DADLE enchased IL-1beta production in spontaneous and LPS-stimulating cultures, when IL-8 production inhibited beta-endorphin and delta-agonist DADLE only in LPS presence. No effect of mu-agonist DAGO were observed on IL-1beta production, whereas LPS-induced IL-8 secretion in neutrophile fraction inhibited by DAGO.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Cells, Cultured
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology
- Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine/pharmacology
- Humans
- Interleukin-1beta/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-8/biosynthesis
- Leukocytes/drug effects
- Leukocytes/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Male
- Neutrophils/drug effects
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Oligopeptides/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- beta-Endorphin/pharmacology
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