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Jesus DASD, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Bolina AF, Marchiori GF, Tavares DMDS. Social support among older adults understood through structural equation modeling. Rev Bras Enferm 2022; 75Suppl 4:e20220188. [PMID: 36287515 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to analyze factors associated, directly and indirectly, with lower social support of older adults, according to sex. METHODS a cross-sectional study, with 941 older adults from a health micro-region in Minas Gerais. Descriptive and trajectory analyzes were carried out (p<0.05). RESULTS in groups of women and men, direct and significant associations were observed between a smaller social network (p<0.001;p<0.001), single-person housing (p=0.046;p<0.001), greater number of depressive symptoms (p<0.001;p=0.010) and lower participation in advanced activities (p<0.001;p=0.005) with lower social support. In women, younger age was directly and significantly associated with outcome (p<0.001). In men, older age, mediated by lower participation in advanced activities, was indirectly associated with outcome. CONCLUSIONS men and women showed less social support associated with social network, housing arrangement, depressive symptoms and participation in advanced activities. Understanding the context of social support among older adults makes it possible to establish more effective measures to improve care.
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202
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Korenhof SA, Rouwet EV, Elstgeest LEM, Tan SS, Macchione S, Vasiljev V, Rukavina T, Alhambra-Borrás T, Fierloos IN, Raat H. Evaluation of an Intervention to Promote Self-Management Regarding Cardiovascular Disease: The Social Engagement Framework for Addressing the Chronic-Disease-Challenge (SEFAC). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192013145. [PMID: 36293726 PMCID: PMC9603702 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are predominantly lifestyle related. Mental health issues also influence CVD progression and quality of life. Self-management of lifestyle behaviors and mental well-being may play a significant role in reducing the CVD burden. Previous studies have shown that mindfulness practices are associated with psychological well-being, but their effects on CVD self-management are mainly unknown. METHODS The study had a before-after design and included adults over 50 years with CVD and/or one or more risk factors from three European countries. Follow-up was six months. The intervention was a 7-week mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) in a group setting focusing on chronic disease self-management. Outcomes were measured with validated self-report questionnaires at baseline and follow-up: self-efficacy, physical activity, nutrition, smoking, alcohol use, sleep and fatigue, social support, stress, depression, medication adherence, and self-rated health. RESULTS Among 352 participants, 324 (92%) attended ≥4 of the 7 group sessions and completed follow-up. During follow-up, self-efficacy, stress, social support, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health significantly improved. No significant changes were detected for other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A 7-week MBI focusing on chronic disease self-management was conducive to improved self-efficacy, emotional well-being, social support, and self-rated overall health during six months. These findings support the use of MBIs for improving self-management in cardiovascular care. ISRCTN registry-number ISRCTN11248135.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A. Korenhof
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen V. Rouwet
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liset E. M. Elstgeest
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Reinier Academy, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, 2625 AD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Siok Swan Tan
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Group City Dynamics, InHolland University of Applied Sciences, 3072 AG Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefania Macchione
- European Project Office Department, Istituto per Servizi di Ricovero e Assistenza agli Anziani (Institute for Hospitalization and Care for the Elderly), 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Vanja Vasiljev
- Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Rukavina
- Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Irene N. Fierloos
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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203
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Park JH, Choi JM. The effect of residential environment satisfaction on depression in the elderly: Focusing on the mediating effect of stress. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1038516. [PMID: 36268005 PMCID: PMC9577004 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1038516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the mediating effect of stress on the relationship between residential environment satisfaction and feelings of depression in the elderly. To achieve the purpose of the study, the researcher personally conducted interviews with 250 senior citizens residing in Jeollanam-do, South Korea, from October to November 2019. SPSS version 27.0 and Hayes' PROCESS ver. 4.0 were used for data analysis. As a result of testing the research hypothesis, a partial mediating effect of stress on the relationship between residential environment satisfaction and feelings of depression was confirmed. Based on these results, diverse practical and policy suggestions were recommended. First, a connection between barrier-free walking and public transportation linking elderly residences and major living facilities (transportation facilities, medical facilities, cultural facilities, social welfare facilities, parks, etc.) was suggested. Second, the application of a universal design was proposed when remodeling or building elderly residences. Third, policies promoting social participation of the elderly and providing assistance to increase the intimacy of their relationship with family members and neighbors are necessary to enable older adults to maintain their social relationships. Fourth, programs, such as educational schemes that provide older adults with a greater understating of stress, must be developed in parallel to facilitate stress self-management interventions. In future, it is necessary to include additional mediating or moderating variables to generalize these findings to the larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hwan Park
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Mokpo National University, Muan County, South Korea
| | - Jeong Min Choi
- Department of Social Welfare, Mokpo National University, Muan County, South Korea
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204
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Peña Novoa N, Suarez Diaz MJ, Lis Herrera KL, Sanchez Lozano AL. [Feedback strategies in assistive technology to promote social participation in children with cerebral palsy: Systematic review]. Rehabilitacion (Madr) 2022; 56:364-374. [PMID: 35654627 DOI: 10.1016/j.rh.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Living with cerebral palsy has consequences such as social interaction. Assistive technologies used for improving independence only focuses on biological and physiological variables. The main objective in this review is to synthesize the evidence on interventions with assistive technologies, including feedback systems, with the aim of discovering outcomes of social participation in children with cerebral palsy. METHODOLOGY There were 5 databases from rehabilitation which showed 683 articles in which only 9 were included. RESULTS The studies assessed social participation with several instruments. The majority suggested positive effects in activities such as: walking, writing, playing, and social interaction. There were tools such as electronic pencils, switches, and exoskeletons present. CONCLUSION Due to the poor quality of the methodologies of these studies, the search does not establish solid conclusions. However, the evidence suggests that assistive technologies with feedback have a positive impact on aspects of social participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Peña Novoa
- Universidad del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - M J Suarez Diaz
- Universidad del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - K Lizeth Lis Herrera
- Universidad del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - A L Sanchez Lozano
- Universidad del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
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Mitchell AJ, Khambadkone SG, Dunn G, Bagley J, Tamashiro KLK, Fair D, Gustafsson H, Sullivan EL. Maternal Western-style diet reduces social engagement and increases idiosyncratic behavior in Japanese macaque offspring. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 105:109-121. [PMID: 35809877 PMCID: PMC9987715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence in humans and animals indicates an association between maternal obesity and offspring behavioral outcomes. In humans, increased maternal body mass index has been linked to an increased risk of children receiving a diagnosis of early-emerging neurodevelopmental disorders such as Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, a limited number of preclinical studies have examined associations between maternal Western-Style Diet (mWSD) exposure and offspring social behavior. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate relationships between mWSD exposure and social behavior in non-human primates. Since aberrant social behavior is a diagnostic criterion for several neurodevelopmental disorders, the current study focuses on examining the influence of maternal nutrition and metabolic state on offspring social behavior in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). We found that mWSD offspring initiated less affiliative social behaviors as well as proximity to a peer. Using path analysis, we found that the association between mWSD consumption and reduced offspring social engagement was statistically mediated by increased maternal interleukin (IL)-12 during the third trimester of pregnancy. Additionally, mWSD offspring displayed increased idiosyncratic behavior, which was related to alterations in maternal adiposity and leptin in the third trimester. Together, these results suggest that NHP offspring exposed to mWSD exhibit behavioral phenotypes similar to what is described in some early-emerging neurodevelopmental disorders. These results provide evidence that mWSD exposure during gestation may be linked to increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and provides targets for prevention and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Mitchell
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Neuroscience, Beaverton, OR, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Seva G Khambadkone
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geoffrey Dunn
- University of Oregon, Department of Human Physiology, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Jennifer Bagley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Neuroscience, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Kellie L K Tamashiro
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Damien Fair
- University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Masonic Institute of Child Development, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hanna Gustafsson
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Psychiatry, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Neuroscience, Beaverton, OR, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Portland, OR, USA; University of Oregon, Department of Human Physiology, Eugene, OR, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Psychiatry, Portland, OR, USA.
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206
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Hamlin AM, Kraal AZ, Sol K, Morris EP, Martino AG, Zaheed AB, Zahodne LB. Social engagement and its links to cognition differ across non-Hispanic Black and White older adults. Neuropsychology 2022; 36:640-650. [PMID: 35797177 PMCID: PMC10034713 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Racial inequalities in dementia have been linked to disparities in socioeconomic status, chronic diseases, and psychosocial stress. Less focus has been given to psychosocial protective factors. Previous studies suggest that social engagement promotes better cognitive aging, but few have examined whether social engagement or its associations with cognition vary across non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) and Blacks (NHB). METHOD Participants included 465 adults (53% NHB) from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project (Mage = 63.59 ± 3.15) who completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Social engagement was operationalized as network size, frequency of social activity participation, and social support. Cognition was operationalized using factor scores corresponding to five domains: episodic memory, executive functioning, processing speed, language, and visuospatial functioning. Cross-sectional associations between social engagement and cognitive outcomes were examined using race-stratified regressions controlling for age, sex/gender, education, wealth, marital status, depressive symptoms, and chronic diseases. RESULTS There were no racial differences in social network size or social support. NHB participants reported less social activity participation than NHW participants. Social activity participation was positively associated with memory in NHW, but not NHB. CONCLUSIONS These findings may suggest a threshold effect whereby NHB older adults are less likely to participate in social activities at the level needed to yield cognitive benefits. Lower social activity participation among NHB may reflect structural barriers and/or cultural differences in patterns of social engagement. This study highlights the need to improve measurement of and access to culturally relevant social activities for NHB to combat racial inequalities in cognitive aging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey M. Hamlin
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - A. Zarina Kraal
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Ketlyne Sol
- Social Environment and Health Program, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Emily P. Morris
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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207
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Koirala P, Shrestha S, Koirala M. Functional Status of Senior Citizens of a Metropolitan City in Morang. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:493-498. [PMID: 37795731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Functional abilities start to decelerate after the age of 70 and causes need for assistance to do their basic activities of daily living (BADL) as well as instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Objective To find out the functional status of senior citizens of a Metropolitan city in Morang. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Biratnagar Metropolitan City among 254 senior citizens receiving old age allowance using cluster sampling technique. Data were collected through face to face interview and measuring height and weight by researcher herself for the period of four weeks. Basic activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living were assessed using Katz Index of Basic Activities of Daily Living and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living tool with some modifications. Chi square test was used to assess the association between variables. Result About 48.4% and 90.6% of senior citizens had dependency in Basic Activities of Daily Living and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living respectively. The most common dependency for Basic Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living was control of urination and defecation (31.9%) and using telephones (75.2%) respectively. Basic activities of daily living was significantly associated with age (p=0.0017), sex (p=0.013), literacy status (p=0.001), years of smoking (p=0.0029), social participation (0.0029) and history of fall within 1 year (p=0.038). Likewise Instrumental Activities of Daily Living was significantly associated with age (p=0.03), sex (p=0.035), literacy status (p=0.002), exercise (p=0.033) and social participation (p= 0.001). Conclusion It is concluded that about half of the senior citizens are dependent in Basic Activities of Daily Living and almost all of them are dependent in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. So senior citizen clubs/ groups are suggested to be strengthened which may.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Koirala
- Department of Nursing, Shahid Dharmabhakta National Transplant Center, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - S Shrestha
- Department of Nursing, Maharajgunj Nursing Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - M Koirala
- Department of Nursing, Maharajgunj Nursing Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal
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208
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Roman C, Beam CR, Zelinski E. Psychosocial Outcomes of Age Integration Status: Do Age-Integrated Social Networks Benefit Older Adults? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12322. [PMID: 36231622 PMCID: PMC9566095 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increased longevity means that older adults have more opportunities to have age-integrated social networks, which include both same-aged peers and intergenerational social ties. Compared to those with peer-only, or intergenerational-only social networks, those with age-integrated networks may experience greater psychosocial benefits due to the age-diverse nature of their social networks. Data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study was used to examine age integration status associations with well-being and social engagement in a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries in the United States. We hypothesized that age-integrated older adults have greater well-being and social engagement than older adults with peer-only or intergenerational-only networks. Weighted ordinary least squares regression analyses were conducted to test associations of well-being and social engagement with age integration status, controlling for sociodemographic and health covariates. Older adults with age-integrated social networks did not differ in well-being from those with peer-only or intergenerational-only networks, although they had greater social engagement than those with intergenerational-only networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Roman
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Christopher R. Beam
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Elizabeth Zelinski
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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209
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Eide AH, Ofstad D, Støylen M, Hansen E, Høiseth M. Participation and Inclusion of Children and Youth with Disabilities in Local Communities. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:11893. [PMID: 36231197 PMCID: PMC9565650 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed at strengthening the evidence base for interventions to promote the participation and inclusion of children and youth with disabilities in their communities. Four selected municipalities in four different regions of Norway participated. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were carried out in all four municipalities with service providers, children and youth with disabilities, and parents of children and youth with disabilities. The FGDs were used to develop a questionnaire to measure participation indicators. A survey was carried out among 186 children and youth, combining (a) random sampling of children and youth without disabilities and (b) invitations to all children and youth with disabilities, as registered by the municipalities. High-level analyses of the FGDs are presented, indicating the barriers and facilitators for participation for children and youth with disabilities, as well as requests for improvement of services to stimulate participation. The categories of family, technology, and volunteering were identified primarily as facilitators of participation, while school environment was primarily identified as a barrier. The survey measured four different aspects of perception of one's own participation. Data analyses revealed higher level of environmental barriers among children and youth with disabilities, and lower level of actual participation, satisfaction with one's own participation and one's own participation compared with that of peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne H. Eide
- SINTEF Digital, Health Research, Forskningsveien 1, N-0314 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Social Work, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dag Ofstad
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Disability in Children and Youth (NKBFU), Valnesfjord Health Sports Center (VHSS), N-8215 Valnesfjord, Norway
| | - Marit Støylen
- SINTEF Digital, Health Research, Forskningsveien 1, N-0314 Oslo, Norway
| | - Emil Hansen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Disability in Children and Youth (NKBFU), Valnesfjord Health Sports Center (VHSS), N-8215 Valnesfjord, Norway
| | - Marikken Høiseth
- SINTEF Digital, Health Research, Forskningsveien 1, N-0314 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Design, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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210
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Kreski NT, Cerdá M, Chen Q, Hasin DS, Martins SS, Mauro PM, Olfson M, Keyes KM. Adolescents' Use of Free Time and Associations with Substance Use from 1991 to 2019. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1893-1903. [PMID: 36127772 PMCID: PMC9746067 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2115849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Understanding time trends in risk factors for substance use may contextualize and explain differing time trends in substance use. Methods: We examined data (N = 536,291; grades 8/10/12) from Monitoring the Future, years 1991-2019. Using Latent Profile Analyses, we identified six time use patterns: one for those working at a paid job and the other five defined by levels of socialization (low/high) and engagement in structured activities like sports (engaged/disengaged), with the high social/engaged group split further by levels of unsupervised social activities. We tested associations between time use profiles and past two-week binge drinking as well as past-month alcohol use, cigarette use, cannabis use, other substance use, and vaping. We examined trends and group differences overall and by decade (or for vaping outcomes, year). Results: Prevalence of most substance use outcomes decreased over time among all groups. Cannabis use increased, with the largest increase in the group engaged in paid employment. Vaping substantially increased, with the highest nicotine vaping increase in the high social/engaged group with less supervision and the highest cannabis vaping increase in the highly social but otherwise disengaged group. Substance use was lowest in the low social groups, highest in the high social and employed groups. Conclusions: While alcohol, cigarette, and other substance use have declined for all groups, use remained elevated given high levels of social time, especially with low engagement in structured activities or low supervision, or paid employment. Cannabis use and vaping are increasing across groups, suggesting the need for enhanced public health measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah T Kreski
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Magdalena Cerdá
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Silvia S Martins
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pia M Mauro
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark Olfson
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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211
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Ashaie SA, Castro N. Complexity of Participation Post-Stroke: Longitudinal Assessment of Community Participation, Positive Affect, Social Support and Functional Independence. J Rehabil Med 2022; 54:jrm00335. [PMID: 36102195 PMCID: PMC9554795 DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v54.2238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate longitudinal, predictive associations between community participation, positive affect, social support, and functional independence for individuals post-stroke at 3 and 12 months post-discharge. Design Longitudinal design. Subjects Data from 544 participants were obtained from the Stroke Recovery in Underserved Populations (2005–06) database. Methods A cross-lagged panel network analysis to identify the complex set of predictive relationships between community participation, positive affect, social support, and functional independence 3 months post-discharge to 12 months post-discharge. Results Community participation, particularly religious/spiritual activities, was an early predictor of later motor (functional) independence and social support. In addition, positive affect was an early predictor of social support. Conclusion While participation in social situations is a desired outcome post-stroke, the results of this study indicate the importance of identifying early factors that influence community participation throughout the recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer A Ashaie
- Think and Speak, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Nichol Castro
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Mitsuhashi T. [Comments on "Does participation in community gatherings suppress aggravation of functional decline risk among older people? A study based on 2013-2016 data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study"]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:684-685. [PMID: 35831171 DOI: 10.11236/jph.22-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Ku BS, Aberizk K, Addington J, Bearden CE, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Carrión RE, Compton MT, Cornblatt BA, Druss BG, Mathalon DH, Perkins DO, Tsuang MT, Woods SW, Walker EF. The Association Between Neighborhood Poverty and Hippocampal Volume Among Individuals at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis: The Moderating Role of Social Engagement. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:1032-1042. [PMID: 35689540 PMCID: PMC9434451 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reductions in hippocampal volume (HV) have been associated with both prolonged exposure to stress and psychotic illness. This study sought to determine whether higher levels of neighborhood poverty would be associated with reduced HV among individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P), and whether social engagement would moderate this association. This cross-sectional study included a sample of participants (N = 174, age-range = 12-33 years, 35.1% female) recruited for the second phase of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study. Generalized linear mixed models tested the association between neighborhood poverty and bilateral HV, as well as the moderating role of social engagement on this association. Higher levels of neighborhood poverty were associated with reduced left (β = -0.180, P = .016) and right HV (β = -0.185, P = .016). Social engagement significantly moderated the relation between neighborhood poverty and bilateral HV. In participants with lower levels of social engagement (n = 77), neighborhood poverty was associated with reduced left (β = -0.266, P = .006) and right HV (β = -0.316, P = .002). Among participants with higher levels of social engagement (n = 97), neighborhood poverty was not significantly associated with left (β = -0.010, P = .932) or right HV (β = 0.087, P = .473). In this study, social engagement moderated the inverse relation between neighborhood poverty and HV. These findings demonstrate the importance of including broader environmental influences and indices of social engagement when conceptualizing adversity and potential interventions for individuals at CHR-P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benson S Ku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GAUSA
| | | | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CTUSA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CTUSA
| | - Ricardo E Carrión
- Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Michael T Compton
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara A Cornblatt
- Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin G Druss
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GAUSA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CAUSA
| | - Diana O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CTUSA
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Barbosa FCS, Delerue Matos AM, Voss GDS, Eiras AFS. The importance of social participation for life satisfaction among spouse caregivers aged 65 and over. Health Soc Care Community 2022; 30:e3096-e3105. [PMID: 35170122 PMCID: PMC9578721 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spouse caregivers report lower levels of life satisfaction. However, social participation generates life satisfaction. The main goal of this study is to analyse the contribution of social participation to the life satisfaction of European and Israeli spouse caregivers aged 65 plus. The study uses cross-sectional data from 17 European countries, plus Israel, which are part of wave 6 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The sample was limited to individuals aged 65+, who were classified as non-caregivers (N = 25,313) or spouse caregivers (N = 1977). The mean scores of life satisfaction by country and caregiver status were calculated and tests for a two-group comparison and multilevel logistic regressions were performed. The spouse caregiver group reported lower levels of satisfaction with life. Tests for a two-group comparison show that the group of spouse caregivers reports fewer social activities than the non-caregivers group. Moreover, multilevel linear regressions allowed us to conclude that providing spousal care at older ages (65+) is related to lower life satisfaction but that providing spousal care and reporting having social participation is related to higher life satisfaction than in the group of spouse caregivers who are not involved in social activities, and non-caregivers. Social participation is a key issue in the life satisfaction of spouse caregivers aged 65 years and older. The social participation of spouse caregivers should be a concern to relatives, communities, social and health professionals, as well as public policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Maria Delerue Matos
- Communication and Society Research CentreInstitute of Social SciencesUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal
- Department of SociologyInstitute of Social SciencesUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal
| | - Gina da Silva Voss
- Communication and Society Research CentreInstitute of Social SciencesUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal
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215
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Rhubart D, Kowalkowski J. Perceived mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles of social support and social engagement for working age adults in the United States. Prev Med 2022; 162:107171. [PMID: 35878709 PMCID: PMC9304074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we assess if two protective mechanisms for mental health - social support and social engagement - are associated with lower risk of reporting worsening mental health as a result of the pandemic. Using a demographically representative sample of working age adults in the United States (N = 4014) collected in February and March of 2021, we use logistic regression models to predict self-reported worsening mental health as a result of the pandemic using social support - measured as instrumental and emotional support - and social engagement. We use additional stratified models to determine if these relationships are consistent across rural-urban areas. Results indicate that among urban working age adults, emotional support, high levels of instrumental support, and some types of social engagement were associated with significantly lower risk of worsening mental health. However, among rural working age adults, only emotional support and high levels of instrumental support were significantly associated with lower odds of worsening mental health. Findings suggest that while emotional support may be effective for working age adults in lowering risk of worsening mental health from the pandemic, social engagement may not be for rural residents. The results support use of mental health promotion and prevention approaches that bolster emotional support through familial and local social networks, and raises caution about the efficacy of social engagement approaches in rural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Rhubart
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Jennifer Kowalkowski
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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216
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Siette J, Knaggs G, Nguyen AD, Brett L, Jorgensen M, Gow E, Georgiou A. 'I go home with a happy heart'. Enhancing community aged care services to sustain togetherness: Perspectives from Australian staff and clients. Health Soc Care Community 2022; 30:e1746-e1755. [PMID: 34633727 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Social participation is critical to the health and well-being of older adults, however, participation often declines with age. Research has identified that personal and environmental factors such as high socioeconomic status and accessible transportation are associated with higher levels of social participation. However, the barriers and facilitators to social participation experienced by older adults receiving community aged care services remains largely unexplored. This qualitative study aimed to generate context-rich data and identify the barriers and facilitators to effective community care services that can support older adults' participation in the community and contribute to individual well-being. Semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 40 community aged care clients and 21 staff members between January to July 2018 and thematic analysis was undertaken. Environmental factors, such as availability and accessibility of transportation services emerged as the most important factors influencing participation. Older age, self-attitude towards one's own functional ability and limited social networks were important personal factors affecting participation. Proactive aged care services (e.g., engaged staff, tailored activities) were reported to assist with continual engagement in aged care services. In contrast, the type, location and accessibility of the activity, associated costs and limited options for accessible transportation were key barriers to older adults' social participation. Pathways contributing to positive engagement were complex and variable, but personal well-being and local community resources emerged as important factors encouraging higher social participation. These findings are discussed in the context of the ongoing pandemic and implications for future aged care services are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Siette
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Gilbert Knaggs
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
- NHMRC Partnership Centre for Health System Sustainability, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Amy D Nguyen
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lindsey Brett
- Department of Health Professions, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Mikaela Jorgensen
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Edwina Gow
- UnitingCare Australia, Canberra, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Georgiou
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
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217
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To-Miles F, Mann J, Hung L. Facilitators and barriers to using virtual reality and augmented reality and its impact on social engagement in aged care settings: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061722. [PMID: 36002222 PMCID: PMC9413186 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasingly more studies are being conducted on the use of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) in aged care settings. These technologies can decrease experiences of loneliness which is especially important during the COVID-19 pandemic. With the growing interest in using VR/AR in care settings among older adults, a comprehensive review of studies examining the facilitators and barriers of adopting VR/AR in these settings is needed. This scoping review will focus on facilitators and barriers related to VR/AR in care settings among older adults, as well as the impact on social engagement and/or loneliness. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology. We will search the following databases: CINHAL, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science. Additional articles will be handpicked from reference lists of included articles. Inclusion criteria includes articles that focus on older adults using VR or AR in aged care settings. Our team (which includes patient and family partners, an academic nurse researcher, a clinical lead and trainees) will be involved in the search, review and analysis process. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION We will be collecting data from publicly available articles for this scoping review, so ethics approval is not required. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the strategies, facilitators, and barriers of using VR/AR in aged care settings, findings will offer insights and recommendations for future research and practice to better implement VR/AR. The results of this scoping review will be shared through conference presentations and an open-access publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora To-Miles
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jim Mann
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lillian Hung
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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218
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Böttger T, Dennhardt S, Knape J, Marotzki U. "Back into Life-With a Power Wheelchair": Learning from People with Severe Stroke through a Participatory Photovoice Study in a Metropolitan Area in Germany. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10465. [PMID: 36078184 PMCID: PMC9518532 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Severe stroke leads to permanent changes in everyday life. Many stroke survivors depend on support in community mobility (CM). This leads to restrictions and limited social participation. A power wheelchair (PWC) can enable independent CM and reduce such restrictions. This participatory study focused on how people with severe stroke experience their CM in a PWC in Berlin/Germany and what changes they want to initiate. A research team of five severe stroke survivors and two occupational therapists examined the question using photovoice. Stroke survivors took photos of their environment, presented, discussed, and analyzed them at group meetings to identify themes, and disseminated their findings at exhibitions and congresses. The photos emphasize the significance of and unique relationship to the PWC for the self-determined expression of personal freedom. As a complex, individualized construct, CM requires an accessible environment and diverse planning strategies by PWC users to arrive at their destination and overcome suddenly occurring obstacles. Desired changes stress CM independent of external help, increased social esteem, and active involvement in the provision of assistive devices. Voices of severe stroke survivors need to be heard more in healthcare and research to ensure the possibility of equal social participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Böttger
- Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Faculty of Social Work and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hildesheim, Holzminden, Göttingen (HAWK), 31134 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Silke Dennhardt
- Physio- and Occupational Therapy Program, Faculty of Health, Alice Salomon Hochschule Berlin (ASH), University of Applied Sciences, 12627 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Knape
- Independent Researcher, 10439 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Marotzki
- Faculty of Social Work and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hildesheim, Holzminden, Göttingen (HAWK), 31134 Hildesheim, Germany
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219
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St-Pierre C, Braverman L, Dubois MF, Levasseur M. Convivialité des municipalités canadiennes à l’égard des aînés : portrait et facteurs associés. Can J Public Health 2022; 113:579-588. [PMID: 35380363 PMCID: PMC9262998 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-022-00617-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to (1) document, globally and by domain, Canadian municipalities’ level of age-friendliness, and (2) identify municipality characteristics most associated with age-friendliness. Methods A cross-sectional survey was sent to all Canadian municipalities (N=3406) with an online survey of 56 items from 9 domains providing age-friendliness scores. These scores were then crossed with the following municipality characteristics: percentage of adults aged 65 and older, population density, material deprivation, social deprivation, degree of metropolitan influence, implementation step of an age-friendly municipality initiative and geographic area. Results Nine hundred twenty-one municipalities completed the survey. Overall, municipalities’ age-friendliness total score is good (58.4%). Four domains have high scores: Security (80.0%), Respect and social inclusion (65.0%), Outdoor spaces and building (62.2%), and Social participation (62.2%). Higher age-friendliness is associated with metropolitan municipalities, regions other than Prairies and Atlantic, higher residential density, greater proportion of older adults, greater social deprivation, lower material deprivation, and the last step of an age-friendly initiative. Conclusion This portrait of Canadian municipalities’ age-friendliness can be used to strengthen actions promoting active aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine St-Pierre
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie - Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke (Québec), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Braverman
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie - Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke (Québec), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-France Dubois
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie - Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke (Québec), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Levasseur
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie - Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke (Québec), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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220
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Golos A, Ben-Zur H, Chapani SI. Participation in preschool activities of children with autistic spectrum disorder and comparison to typically developing children. Res Dev Disabil 2022; 127:104252. [PMID: 35569171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation is essential to children's development and is a major focus of intervention. This study aimed to describe the participation patterns of children with ASD, in comparison to typically developing (TD) children. METHODS 70 preschoolers participated: 33 children with ASD, attending non-inclusive-education settings; and 37 TD children, attending mainstream educational settings. Two occupational therapists assessed their participation through structured observations in self-care activities, play, learning, and social participation areas; demographic and environmental questionnaires were also completed. RESULTS In the ASD group, frequency of participation was found to be significantly higher in ADL and learning than in other areas; level of performance was found to be significantly lower in social participation than in other areas. The TD group scored significantly higher than did the ASD group in most areas and scales. Initial findings tentatively showed that a structured educational environment for children with ASD may increase participation frequency. CONCLUSIONS The findings are consistent with recognized disabilities in play and social participation among children with ASD, and their limitations in participation, compared to their TD peers in most areas. Further studies are needed to evaluate additional psychometric properties of the different scales, and the impact of educational environments on participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Golos
- OTR, Head of Environment, Culture and Participation in Community Laboratory, School of Occupational Therapy , Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Hadas Ben-Zur
- OTR, Ministry of Education and School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Sophi Itkin Chapani
- OTR, ALUT organization and School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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221
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Cha YJ. Life satisfaction analysis between occupational balance (OB) group and occupational imbalance (OI) group. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271715. [PMID: 35901420 PMCID: PMC9344896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Occupation and time‐use can never be separated because they are important
criteria in determining one’s lifestyle, improvements of one’s lifestyle,
and even the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to identify
whether there is a difference in time‐use between the occupational balance
(OB) group and occupational imbalance (OI) group and to determine the
factors that influence the life satisfaction of those in the OB group. Methods This study sorted detailed activities of 9,228 participants who were over 65
years of age. Raw data of 2014 Korean Time Use Survey (KTUS) were used and
the amount of time-use of older adults was classified into eight activity
areas. This study classified the amount of time used by older adults for
eight occupational areas, namely, activities of daily life (ADLs),
instrumental ADL (IADLs), rest and sleep, education, work, play, leisure,
and social participation. We identified areas of specific time differences
between OB and OI groups, and confirmed variables affecting life
satisfaction. Results The analysis of time-use corresponding to the eight occupational areas showed
the greatest time-use for the instrumental activities of daily living, which
averaged 1513.59 minutes (56.34%). The largest effect size was social
participation (d = 1.38). As a result of analyzing the factors related to
the life satisfaction of the OB group, we found that those who were younger
(B = 0.02, p < .001), females (B = -0.12, p < .05), had a higher level
of education (B = 0.65, p < .001), had a lower need for care (B = -1.19,
p < .05), had a higher income (B = -0.43, p < .001), and rural
residence (B = 0.29, p < .001) tended to have a higher life
satisfaction. Conclusions This study may provide a basis for developing time‐use management and
lifestyle redesign programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Cha
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Semyung University,
Jecheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Jeppson TA, Nudo CA, Mayer JF. Painting for a Purpose: A Visual Arts Program as a Method to Promote Engagement, Communication, Cognition, and Quality of Life for Individuals With Dementia. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 2022; 31:1687-1701. [PMID: 35503967 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-21-00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The arts (e.g., music and painting) have received considerable theoretical and observational support as a cognitive stimulation technique for persons living with dementia (PLWD). However, particularly for visual arts, limited empirical support exists. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to pilot a free-form arts program for PLWD in the context of a cognitive stimulation paradigm and measure subsequent engagement, communication, cognitive-linguistic function, and quality of life. METHOD Three PLWD (one each in mild-to-moderate, moderate, and moderate-to-severe stages) were referred for study participation by a local long-term care facility. A single subject across subjects, ABA reversal design was used to assess intervention effects over a period of 8 weeks, in comparison to an active control condition (cooking activity). Cognitive-linguistic function and quality of life were assessed using standardized measures at baseline and follow-up. Engagement and communication were probed regularly across each study phase. RESULTS Significant changes were seen in participants' engagement and communication during painting sessions compared to the control activity. A nonsignificant positive trend was noted for self-rated quality of life from baseline to follow-up. Pre-post testing revealed nominal change in cognitive-linguistic functions. CONCLUSIONS An arts program led to significant increases in constructive engagement and communication and a trend toward increased self-rated quality of life for the three PLWD. The fact that these changes were not sustained outside intervention sessions (i.e., pre-post testing) is consistent with the need for a larger paradigm shift in which rehabilitation specialists-including speech-language pathologists-better integrate creative, meaningful activities into the everyday lives of PLWD to maximize ongoing engagement, communication, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caitlin A Nudo
- School of Allied Health and Communicative Disorders, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL
| | - Jamie F Mayer
- School of Allied Health and Communicative Disorders, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL
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223
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Liu TY, Qiu DC, Chen T. Effects of Social Participation by Middle-Aged and Elderly Residents on the Utilization of Medical Services: Evidence From China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:824514. [PMID: 35875043 PMCID: PMC9301239 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.824514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesAim to evaluate the effect of social participation on utilization of medical services among middle-aged and elderly residents in China.MethodsWe used data from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Social participation is classified into three types. Furthermore, to control for confounding factors, our study computed propensity score matching (PSM) to evaluate the effect of social participation on the utilization of medical services.ResultThe result of PSM indicates that social participation significantly positively affects the utilization of outpatient services, the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT = 0.038***) and the utilization of inpatient services (ATT = 0.015**) by middle-aged and elderly residents. Furthermore, the utilization of outpatient health care services was significantly positively associated with leisure activities (ATT = 0.035***), social activities to help others (ATT = 0.031***), and learning activities to gain new knowledge (ATT = 0.034***) among middle-aged and elderly residents. The utilization of inpatient health care was significantly positively associated with leisure activities (ATT = 0.015***) but had no significant association with social deeds that help others and increased new knowledge among middle-aged and elderly residents.ConclusionThus, social participation significantly positively affects healthcare utilization by middle-aged and elderly residents. Hence, the government and society should provide more conveniences and promote social participation among middle-aged and elderly residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Yi Liu
- School of Public Health, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - De-Chao Qiu
- Jintang First People's Hospital, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Jingtang, China
| | - Ting Chen
- School of Public Health, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Ting Chen
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Chau JPC, Lo SHS, Lau AYL, Lee VWY, Choi KC, Kwok ECF, Thompson DR. Effects of a social participation-focused virtual reality intervention for community-dwelling stroke survivors with physical disabilities: a randomised controlled trial protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061069. [PMID: 35790329 PMCID: PMC9258500 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies show that stroke survivors encounter physical and psychological limitations that restrict their participation in social and community activities. Systematic reviews have yielded inconclusive evidence regarding the effectiveness of different interventions intended to support stroke survivors' social participation. Recent advances in virtual reality technology may offer promising solutions, although the optimal approach to enhance social participation among stroke survivors is yet to be determined. This trial aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a social participation-focused virtual reality (SP-VR) intervention on the physical, psychological and social outcomes of community-dwelling stroke survivors with physical disabilities. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A two-arm randomised, controlled, assessor-blind clinical trial will be conducted with 250 stroke survivor-caregiver dyads recruited from three acute and one rehabilitation hospitals, and three stroke nurse-led clinics. Participants will be survivors of a first or recurrent stroke within 6 months of stroke onset and able to remain in a sitting position without support, and their primary caregivers. Eligible participants will be randomly allocated to receive the SP-VR intervention or usual care which includes conventional physical therapy services. The intervention group will receive a newly developed 6-week novel custom-made SP-VR application comprising two sessions weekly. Three SP-VR modules will cover key aspects of survivors' social health needs, namely functional rehabilitation, social participation, and social interaction and recreation. The primary outcome for stroke survivors is social participation, and secondary outcomes include depressive symptoms, participation self-efficacy, physical function, functional mobility and social support. User satisfaction will be evaluated among both survivors and caregivers. Data will be collected in person at baseline, immediately after, and 3 months postintervention. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from the Joint Chinese University of Hong Kong-New Territories East Cluster Research Ethics Committee (Ref. No.: 2019.676). Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2100050850.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janita Pak Chun Chau
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Suzanne Hoi Shan Lo
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Alexander Yuk Lun Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Vivian Wing Yan Lee
- Centre for Learning Enhancement And Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Kai Chow Choi
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Eddie Chi Fai Kwok
- Centre for eLearning Innovation and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - David R Thompson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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225
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Castro-Díaz R, Delgado LE, Langle-Flores A, Perevochtchikova M, Marín VH. A systematic review of social participation in ecosystem services studies in Latin America from a transdisciplinary perspective, 1996-2020. Sci Total Environ 2022; 828:154523. [PMID: 35292319 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we propose that ecosystem services (ES) should be studied integrating social participation and the narrative of social actors. We analyzed the ES literature (1996-2020) in Latin America (LA), basing our review on the concept that the study of this topic should be transdisciplinary and post-normal (i.e., extended peer communities). We prepared the review using the Scopus® and Web of Science™ (WoS) databases. We found 1069 articles related to social participation in ES studies in 20 LA countries, identifying 310 articles for further analysis using screening and eligibility protocols. We also used a random sample (n = 50) of the 310 articles for a detailed analysis of social participation and extended peer communities. Results showed that articles increased from seven in 2010 to 39 per year from 2015 to 2019. English is the primary language used (91% of the articles), with only one journal accepting publications in Spanish. The most common collaboration combination has been one LA author and one or more non-LA authors (41% of the articles). The semantic network analysis showed 35 thematic clusters, with the most common corresponding to ES protection and provision issues. Direct social participation was included in 62% of the articles, mainly through interviews; however, consultancy processes have dominated the participatory perspective of the authors without transformative involvement. We discuss article language and low inter-countries collaboration, both influencing the lack of social participation required for the transdisciplinary analysis of ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Castro-Díaz
- Instituto de Ciências Humanas e da Informação (ICHI), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Luisa E Delgado
- Fundación CTF, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfonso Langle-Flores
- Centro Universitario de la Costa, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 203, Delegación Ixtapa, C.P. 48280 Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - María Perevochtchikova
- Centro de Estudios Demográficos Urbanos y Ambientales (CEDUA), El Colegio de México A.C., Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Víctor H Marín
- Laboratorio de Modelación Ecológica, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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226
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Xia X, Yu Y, Zou Y. Air pollution, social engagement and subjective well-being: evidence from the Gallup World Poll. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:52033-52056. [PMID: 35254619 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The link between air pollution and individual happiness is widely documented. However, the role of social engagement in pollution reduction is seldom considered in the nexus. As such, using large individual-level data from the Gallup World Poll of 151 countries for 2005-2018, this study applies a pooled cross-sectional data approach (controlling for country and year fixed effects) to examine the impact of air pollution on individual happiness and the role of social engagement in shaping the pollution-happiness relationship. The key findings of this study reveal that better air quality raises personal subjective well-being, given that the coefficient of individuals' perceived air quality is positive and statistically significant. More importantly, social engagement in pollution reduction is found to play an important moderating role in shaping the pollution-happiness relationship. Moreover, using a series of robustness checks, such as applying an alternative measure of happiness, an alternative measure of air quality (objective air quality), and using an instrumental variable estimation approach, confirms the positive effect of air quality (perceived or objective) on improving individuals' happiness and the moderating role of social engagement. Furthermore, this study reveals that different demographic characteristics (i.e., age, sex, income, marital status, and urban/rural residence) respond differently to the adverse effects of air pollution and the moderating role of social engagement in pollution reduction. Thus, some policies can be revised and proposed in light of the novel findings of social engagement. In particular, the government should take an active role in combating air pollution and improving air quality by increasing financial input and strengthening environmental protection publicity. The limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xia
- School of Applied Economics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yihua Yu
- School of Applied Economics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuhan Zou
- School of Applied Economics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
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227
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Chan C, Bavinton BR, Prestage GE, Broady TR, Mao L, Rule J, Wilcock B, Holt M. Changing Levels of Social Engagement with Gay Men Is Associated with HIV Related Outcomes and Behaviors: Trends in Australian Behavioral Surveillance 1998-2020. Arch Sex Behav 2022; 51:2509-2521. [PMID: 35672592 PMCID: PMC9293873 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02310-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Changes to how gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) connect with each other and with their communities have implications for HIV prevention. Social engagement with gay men (defined as having friends who are gay men and spending time with them) has been associated with HIV related outcomes over time among Australian GBM. Using data collected in national, repeated, cross-sectional surveys of GBM between 1998 and 2020 (N = 161,117), analyses of trends in the prevalence of gay social engagement (GSE) in Australia were conducted using linear regression. To assess changing associations with GSE at different time points in the HIV epidemic, three cross-sectional analyses were conducted on factors associated with high and low GSE in 1999/2000, 2009/2010, and 2019/2020 using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression. GSE (scored from 0 to 7) declined among all participants from 4.76 in 1998 to 4.04 in 2020 (p < 0.001) with a steeper decline among GBM aged under 25 years from 4.63 in 1998 to 3.40 in 2020 (p < 0.001). In all timepoints, high GSE was associated with older age, being university educated, full time employment, identifying as gay, recent HIV testing, and PrEP uptake. While mostly associated with protective behaviors, high GSE was also associated with some practices that may put GBM at risk of HIV infection such as drug-enhanced sex and group sex in the most recent timepoint. Changing levels of GSE have implications for health promotion among GBM, particularly how to engage GBM less connected to gay social networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis Chan
- Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Level 6 Wallace Wurth Building High Street, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Benjamin R Bavinton
- Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Level 6 Wallace Wurth Building High Street, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Garrett E Prestage
- Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Level 6 Wallace Wurth Building High Street, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Timothy R Broady
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Limin Mao
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Rule
- National Association of People with HIV Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ben Wilcock
- Australia Federation of AIDS Organisations, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martin Holt
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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228
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Ohta R, Maiguma K, Yata A, Sano C. Rebuilding Social Capital through Osekkai Conferences in Rural Communities: A Social Network Analysis. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19137912. [PMID: 35805571 PMCID: PMC9265619 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Social prescribing can promote the creation of new relationships, which may then promote the building of social capital in communities. One example of a social prescribing tool in Japan is Osekkai conferences, which increase social participation and mitigate the degree of loneliness in rural communities. A clarification of the changes in social interaction and intensity of connections among people through Osekkai conferences could contribute to better social prescribing in rural communities. This social network study was conducted among people who have participated in an Osekkai conference. The primary outcomes of degrees and centrality were measured as the degree of social capital. The primary outcomes were compared between April and September 2021 and between October 2021 and March 2022. The continuous performance of Osekkai conferences as social prescribing tools led to an increase in conference participation, mainly by middle-aged women in the communities. Based on a social network analysis, the average direct connection with each person did not increase; the network density decreased gradually; the network diameter decreased from 6 to 5. Regarding the node-level statistics, harmonic closeness centrality and eccentricity decreased, and modularity increased. Social prescribing initiatives should focus on improving social capital in communities, which may improve the number and meaningfulness of the collaborations among organizations and indigenous communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Ohta
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, Daito-Cho, Unnan 699-1221, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-9050605330
| | - Koichi Maiguma
- Department of Law and Economics, Faculty of Law and Literature, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan;
| | - Akiko Yata
- Community Nurse Company, 422 Satokata, Kisuki-Cho, Unnan 699-1311, Japan;
| | - Chiaki Sano
- Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan;
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229
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Chen JTH, Wuthrich VM, Rapee RM, Draper B, Brodaty H, Cutler H, Low LF, Georgiou A, Johnco C, Jones M, Meuldijk D, Partington A. Improving mental health and social participation outcomes in older adults with depression and anxiety: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269981. [PMID: 35759476 PMCID: PMC9236237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing both the frequency and quality of social interactions within treatments for anxiety and depressive disorders in older adults may improve their mental health outcomes and quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and cost utility of an enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) plus social participation program in a sample of older adults with depression and/or anxiety. Methods A total of 172 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older with an anxiety and/or depressive disorder will be randomly allocated to either an enhanced CBT plus social participation program (n = 86) or standard CBT (n = 86). Both treatments will be delivered during 12 weekly individual sessions utilising structured manuals and workbooks. Participants will be assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome evaluates mean change in clinician-rated diagnostic severity of anxiety and depressive disorders from baseline to post-treatment (primary endpoint) based on a semi-structured diagnostic interview. Secondary outcomes evaluate changes in symptomatology on self-report anxiety and depression measures, as well as changes in social/community participation, social network, and perceived social support, loneliness, quality of life, and use of health services. Economic benefits will be evaluated using a cost-utility analysis to derive the incremental cost utility ratios for the enhanced CBT program. Discussion Outcomes from this study will provide support for the establishment of improved psychosocial treatment for older adults with anxiety and/or depression. Study outcomes will also provide health systems with a clear means to reduce the impact of poor emotional health in older age and its associated economic burden. In addition to the empirical validation of a novel treatment, the current study will contribute to the current understanding of the role of social participation in older adult wellbeing. Trial registration Prospectively registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ID: ACTRN12619000242123; registered 19th February 2019) and the ISRCTN registry (ID: ISRCTN78951376; registered 10th July 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessamine Tsan-Hsiang Chen
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Viviana M. Wuthrich
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronald M. Rapee
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brian Draper
- Older Persons’ Mental Health Services, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre of Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Older Persons’ Mental Health Services, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre of Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Henry Cutler
- Macquarie Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lee-Fay Low
- Ageing, Work and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Georgiou
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carly Johnco
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Jones
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Denise Meuldijk
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Partington
- Macquarie Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
Population of older people in many countries is constantly growing, therefore the subject of successful aging has become important and a priority for public health policy-makers. A person who is successfully aging has low risk of chronic disease and disability, high physical function, good mental health and social engagement in older age. Lifestyle factors, such as diet and exercise, have been identified as determinants of successful aging. The aim of this narrative review is to compile the evidence from big cohort studies on the overall health of older people. Their results indicate that regular physical activity increases the chances of successful aging in older people, but only after reaching a sufficient threshold. Physical activity lowers the risk of many chronic diseases and cognitive decline commonly associated with older age, promotes social engagement and improves self-estimated well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wojciech Drygas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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231
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Gilmore R, Ziviani J, Chatfield MD, Goodman S, Sakzewski L. Social skills group training in adolescents with disabilities: A systematic review. Res Dev Disabil 2022; 125:104218. [PMID: 35306461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group social skills interventions (GSSIs) are offered to youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to improve social functioning. This systematic review focused on the adolescent population, including a wider range of disabilities. AIMS To evaluate effectiveness of GSSIs at improving social functioning in adolescents with congenital, acquired or developmental disabilities. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Databases, trial registries and dissertations were systematically searched and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials conducted. Study screening, risk-of-bias assessment and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation were completed. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Sixteen studies (n = 1119), 15 with adolescents with ASD and one with brain tumor survivors, revealed GSSIs reduced social impairment on the Social Responsiveness Scale (mean difference (MD) 9.68, 95% CI 5.63-13.73; P < 0.001), increased social skills on the Social Skill Improvement System Rating Scales (SMD 0.38, 95% CI 0.10-0.65; P = 0.007), and improved adolescent social knowledge on the Test of Adolescent Social Skills (MD 7.43 points, 95% CI 5.36-9.50; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS There is moderate certainty evidence that GSSIs improve social responsiveness, social skills and knowledge, and low certainty of evidence to improve social participation for adolescents with ASD. High quality randomized studies are required to inform clinical practice with adolescents with other disabilities. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Current evidence for group social skills interventions (GSSIs) is for adolescents with autism (ASD). GSSIs likely improve social knowledge and reduce impairments in adolescents with ASD, however the effect of GSSIs on social participation is not well understood. Only one randomized trial investigated GSSIs in another population of adolescents, highlighting the need for more high-quality studies including adolescents with other disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Gilmore
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre (QCPRRC), Centre for Children's Health Research, Level 6, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia; Queensland Children's Hospital, 501 Stanley Street, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia.
| | - Jenny Ziviani
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Mark D Chatfield
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre (QCPRRC), Centre for Children's Health Research, Level 6, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Sarah Goodman
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre (QCPRRC), Centre for Children's Health Research, Level 6, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Leanne Sakzewski
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre (QCPRRC), Centre for Children's Health Research, Level 6, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
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Tsuji T, Takagi D, Kondo N, Maruyama Y, Ide K, Wang H, Kondo K. [Promoting community gathering places "Kayoinoba" for healthy aging reduce health inequalities among communities: An eight-year ecological study]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:383-393. [PMID: 35296594 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether health inequalities among communities would be reduced by intensively enhancing the "Kayoinoba" program in model communities where many high-risk, older adults live.Methods Kobe City and the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study created a mail survey for older adults in 78 communities (community ≈ junior high school district) to conduct community diagnosis. Sixteen communities showed poor values along multiple dimensions of risk and required priority measures. From 2014 to 2019, we designated these 16 communities as model communities. Then, municipal officials and researchers cooperated to support the establishment and management of "Kayoinoba." By using four-waves of mail survey data (in 2011, 2013, 2016, and 2019 with n=8,872, 10,572, 10,063, and 5,759, respectively), secular transitions of nine intermediate outcome indicators (three=social participation, two=social network, and four=social support) and five health outcome indicators (physical function, malnutrition, oral function, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms) were compared between model (n=16) and non-model (n=62) communities via multilevel mixed-effects linear regression analysis.Results In the 2011 and 2013 surveys, model communities showed poor value compared to the non-model communities in 13 of the 14 indicators. A significant interaction between the year and model/non-model communities was confirmed for four intermediate outcome indicators (sports and hobby group participation, number of friends met, and providing emotional support) and three health outcome indicators (oral function, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms). The differences were reduced or eliminated in the 2016 and 2019 surveys. For example, hobby group participation in 2011 was 29.7% vs. 35.0% in model vs. non-model communities; the difference narrowed to 35.2% vs. 36.1% (P=0.008). Similarly, providing emotional support increased from 83.9% vs. 87.0% to 93.3% vs. 93.3% (P=0.007). Depressive symptoms decreased from 31.4% vs. 27.2% to 18.6% vs. 20.3% (P<0.001).Conclusions Promoting community gathering places "Kayoinoba" for six years in communities where many high-risk older adults live may foster social participation, networking, and support and may help reduce health inequalities among communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Tsuji
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | | | - Naoki Kondo
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | | | - Kazushige Ide
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Hequn Wang
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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233
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Hansdottir H, Jonsdottir MK, Fisher DE, Eiriksdottir G, Jonsson PV, Gudnason V. Creativity, leisure activities, social engagement and cognitive impairment: the AGES-Reykjavík study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1027-1035. [PMID: 35075586 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-02036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in leisure activities and extensive social network have been associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia. AIMS We examined whether leisure activities (cognitive solitary, cognitive group, social, physical, or creative activities) and social involvement are associated with less incidence of CI or dementia. METHODS Analyses were performed from data of 2933 cognitively intact individuals at baseline included in the AGES-REYKJAVIK study. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated for incident CI and dementia in relation to cognitive individual, cognitive group, social, physical, and creative leisure activities as well as social networks. Models were adjusted for a number of known risk factors for cognitive decline. RESULTS In 5 years, 12% of the cohort were diagnosed with CI or dementia. All leisure activities were associated with reduced likelihood of cognitive decline in the raw model, but in adjusted models, cognitive solitary [OR 0.49 (Confidence Interval (CI) 0.38-0.64)], cognitive group [OR 0.50 (CI 0.30-0.82)], and creative activities [OR 0.53 (CI 0.35-0.83)] were significantly associated with less cognitive decline. Analyses examining creative leisure activities independently, controlling for all other activities, suggested individuals participating in creative activities exhibited less CI [OR 0.64 (CI 0.41-0.98)]. Among social networks variables, frequency of meeting with friends and relatives was associated with reduced likelihood of CI [OR 0.49 (CI 0.31-0.75)]. DISCUSSION Cognitive and creative leisure activities and frequent gatherings with friends and relatives are associated with reduced incidence of CI in this older cohort. CONCLUSION Creative leisure activities might have special benefit for cognitive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diana E Fisher
- Office of Vision, Health and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Palmi V Jonsson
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Icelandic Heart Association, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Cabrero-García J, Rico-Juan JR, Oliver-Roig A. Does the global activity limitation indicator measure participation restriction? Data from the European Health and Social Integration Survey in Spain. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:1335-1344. [PMID: 34882281 PMCID: PMC9023392 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-03057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The global activity limitation indicator (GALI) is the only internationally agreed and harmonised participation restriction measure. We examine if GALI, as intended, is a reflective measure of the domains of participation; furthermore, we determine the relative importance of these domains. Also, we investigated the consistency of response to GALI by age and gender and compared the performance of GALI with that of self-rated health (SRH). METHODS We used Spanish data from the European Health and Social Integration Survey and selected adults aged 18 and over (N = 13,568). Data analysis, based on logistic regression models and Shapley value decomposition, were also stratified by age. The predictors of the models were demographic variables and restrictions in participation domains: studies, work, mobility, leisure and social activities, domestic life, and self-care. The GALI and SRH were the response variables. RESULTS GALI was strongly associated with all participation domains (e.g. for domestic life, adjusted OR 24.34 (95% CI 18.53-31.97) in adult under 65) and performed differentially with age (e.g. for domestic life, adjusted OR 13.33 (95% CI 10.42-17.03) in adults over 64), but not with gender. The relative importance of domains varied with age (e.g. work was the most important domain for younger and domestic life for older adults). The results with SRH were parallel to those of GALI, but the association of SRH with participation domains was lowest. CONCLUSIONS GALI reflects well restrictions in multiple participation domains and performs differently with age, probably because older people lower their standard of good functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cabrero-García
- Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig-Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Ramón Rico-Juan
- Department of Software and Computing Systems, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig-Alicante, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver-Roig
- Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig-Alicante, Spain
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235
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Hodgetts D, Rua M, Groot S, Hopner V, Drew N, King P, Blake D. Relational ethics meets principled practice in community research engagements to understand and address homelessness. J Community Psychol 2022; 50:1980-1992. [PMID: 33999450 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Growing homelessness in Aotearoa New Zealand stems primarily from rising inequalities and poverty. Drawing from scholarship on relational ethics, principled practice and Māori cultural concepts, this paper offers our reflections on nearly two decades of collective work to document and address homelessness. Central to the approach outlined are enduring community partnerships, the cultivation of reciprocal relations, and time spent with homeless people and those trying to work with them. We present exemplars for how we draw on everyday interactions with homeless people and agency staff to enhance local service and broader systemic responses to homelessness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohi Rua
- School of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Shiloh Groot
- Social Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Neil Drew
- Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Pita King
- Social Psychology, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
| | - Denise Blake
- Social Psychology, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
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236
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Ide K, Jeong S, Tsuji T, Watanabe R, Miyaguni Y, Nakamura H, Kimura M, Kondo K. Suggesting Indicators of Age-Friendly City: Social Participation and Happiness, an Ecological Study from the JAGES. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19095096. [PMID: 35564490 PMCID: PMC9102036 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ascertaining progress in building age-friendly cities (AFCs) requires community diagnostic indicators. This study examines the relationship between social participation and happiness at the municipal level. The data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) from 2013, 2016, and 2019, comprising 442,079 older people from 289 municipalities, are used. We also employ linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the association between social participation and happiness. In these models, we adjust for seven variables as potential confounders. This study reveals that the higher the social participation, except for neighborhood association, the higher the state of happiness (B = 0.14-0.30). Our study suggests that social participation is useful, as a community diagnostic indicator, for monitoring the progress of building AFCs, developing strategies, and creating evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushige Ide
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Chiba, Japan; (T.T.); (R.W.); (K.K.)
- Department of Community General Support, Hasegawa Hospital, Yachimata 289-1113, Chiba, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-43-290-3177
| | - Seungwon Jeong
- Department of Community Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, Niimi University, Nishigata, Niimi 718-8585, Okayama, Japan;
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Chiba, Japan; (T.T.); (R.W.); (K.K.)
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo 112-0012, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Watanabe
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Chiba, Japan; (T.T.); (R.W.); (K.K.)
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Yasuhiro Miyaguni
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan;
- Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, 35-6 Okudaegemae, Mihama-cho, Chita-gun 470-3295, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Nakamura
- Department of Nursing, Asahi University, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan;
| | - Miyako Kimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Chiba, Japan; (T.T.); (R.W.); (K.K.)
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan;
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Baeriswyl M, Oris M. Friendship in Later Life: Thirty Years of Progress and Inequalities. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2022; 96:420-446. [PMID: 35422126 PMCID: PMC10052427 DOI: 10.1177/00914150221092991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Studies examining the impact of social change on individual development and aging postulate the growing importance of flexible relationships, such as friendship. Although friendship is well known as a factor of well-being in later life, the prevalence of friendship in older adult networks and its unequal distribution has been examined only in few studies. Through secondary data analysis of two cross-sectional surveys carried out in Switzerland in 1979 and 2011, respectively, the increasing presence of close friends was confirmed. Our results show that this trend was part of a broader lifestyle change after retirement, with increasing social engagements. However, this trend does not include a general decrease in social inequalities in friendship opportunities. Overall, friendship increase among older adults has contributed to a polarization of living conditions, with a majority of active, healthy persons contrasting with a minority of individuals who accumulate penalties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Baeriswyl
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives (NCCR LIVES), Switzerland
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability (CIGEV), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Marie Baeriswyl, Centre interfacultaire de gérontologie et d’études des vulnérabilités, Université de Genève, 28 Boulevard du Pont-d’Arve, 1205 Genève, Suisse.
| | - Michel Oris
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives (NCCR LIVES), Switzerland
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability (CIGEV), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Demography and Socioeconomics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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238
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Lindsay RK, Carmichael C, Allen PM, Fossey M, Godier-McBard L, Butler L, Trott M, Pardhan S, Tully MA, Wilson JJ, Torrance A, Smith L. Fishing Participation, Motivators and Barriers among UK Anglers with Disabilities: Opportunities and Implications for Green Social Prescribing. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19084730. [PMID: 35457597 PMCID: PMC9029860 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Green social prescribing, which includes the referral of patients to nature-based activities, could exacerbate inequalities between people with disabilities and people without. Research suggests fishing could be more inclusive relative to other outdoor sports. To understand if fishing is an inclusive sport, and the potential benefits and barriers to prescribing fishing, the present study compared participation, motivators and barriers to fishing, between anglers with and without disabilities. UK adults were invited to participate in an online survey. Chi-square tests examined differences between anglers with and without disabilities regarding the type of fishing anglers engaged in, the frequency of fishing, the length of time spent fishing, motivators for fishing and barriers to fishing. Among 1799 anglers (97.5% male), 292 (16.2%) anglers reported having a disability. Most anglers with disabilities were over 55 years old (56.5%). There was no difference in fishing participation, or motivators for fishing, between anglers with and without disabilities; however, anglers with disabilities were more likely to report ‘costs’, ‘lack of transport’ and ‘having no one to go with them’ as barriers. Overall, there appeared to be no differences in fishing participation between anglers with versus without disabilities, although additional barriers to participation may exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie K. Lindsay
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | - Christina Carmichael
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (C.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Peter M. Allen
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Matt Fossey
- Veterans and Families Institute for Military Social Research, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CMI 1SQ, UK; (M.F.); (L.G.-M.)
- The Centre for Mental Health, London W1G 0AN, UK
| | - Lauren Godier-McBard
- Veterans and Families Institute for Military Social Research, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CMI 1SQ, UK; (M.F.); (L.G.-M.)
| | - Laurie Butler
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Mike Trott
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (M.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (M.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Mark A. Tully
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK;
| | - Jason J. Wilson
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, School of Sport, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK;
| | | | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (C.C.); (L.S.)
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Larsson S, Gunnarsson D, Vikdahl L. Social Participation and Mental Health in the Establishment Programme for Newly Arrived Refugees in Sweden-A Document Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19084518. [PMID: 35457384 PMCID: PMC9027303 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Newly arrived refugees and asylum seekers constitute a vulnerable population in terms of health and social conditions due to lived trauma and experiences of loss, as well as factors in the host country such as not speaking the language, not having employment and social exclusion. Studies have shown that many newly arrived refugees find it difficult to establish a sustainable position in the host country’s labour market due to a lack of connections, low levels of education and political, social and cultural barriers. The Swedish Public Employment Service runs an establishment programme aimed at helping newly arrived refugees to find employment quickly and manage their own livelihoods. In this study, we analyse the administrator support document used by Swedish Public Employment Service case workers in their work with the programme to explore whether and how it considers the participants’ mental health and conditions for social participation. The results show that despite newly arrived refugees being especially vulnerable in terms of mental health, little attention is paid to these aspects, the possible effects they may have on the programme, the participants’ integration into the labour market and Swedish society as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Larsson
- Department of Health Sciences, The Swedish Red Cross University College, Hälsovägen 11, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden; (D.G.); (L.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - David Gunnarsson
- Department of Health Sciences, The Swedish Red Cross University College, Hälsovägen 11, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden; (D.G.); (L.V.)
- School of Historical and Contemporary Studies, Södertörn University, Alfred Nobels Allé 7, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Linda Vikdahl
- Department of Health Sciences, The Swedish Red Cross University College, Hälsovägen 11, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden; (D.G.); (L.V.)
- School of Historical and Contemporary Studies, Södertörn University, Alfred Nobels Allé 7, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden
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240
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Takeuchi H, Ide K, Watanabe R, Miyaguni Y, Kondo K. Association between Increasing Social Capital and Decreasing Prevalence of Smoking at the Municipality Level: Repeated Cross-Sectional Study from the JAGES. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19084472. [PMID: 35457340 PMCID: PMC9032559 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
As smoking cessation is crucial for both individual and public health, this study aimed to elucidate the association between changes in social capital and in terms of smoking at the level of municipal units in Japan. Using repeated cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, we analyzed data from adults aged 65 years or older from 69 municipal units that participated in two survey waves. We received valid responses from 91,529 and 86,403 older people in 2013 and 2019, respectively, and aggregated all variables by municipal units. For the dependent variable, we used the units’ prevalence of smoking for both years. The independent variables were the percentages of social capital indicators, such as social participation, social cohesion, and reciprocity for each of the 69 municipal units. The mean prevalence of smoking increased from 9.7% in 2013 to 10.2% in 2019. Multiple regression analysis revealed that increases in the percentages of sports group participation, receiving emotional and instrumental social support, and reciprocity were significantly associated with decreased prevalence of smoking, after we adjusted for confounding variables. This study indicates that building social capital might be useful in promoting smoking cessation and that its indicators could be useful in monitoring efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-0856, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan; (K.I.); (R.W.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-90-6428-2777
| | - Kazushige Ide
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan; (K.I.); (R.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Ryota Watanabe
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan; (K.I.); (R.W.); (K.K.)
- Department of Frailty Research, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu City 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miyaguni
- Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, 35-6 Okudaikai, Mihama-cho, Chita-gun 470-3295, Aichi, Japan;
- Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu City 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan; (K.I.); (R.W.); (K.K.)
- Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu City 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
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241
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Wang X, Guo J, Liu H, Zhao T, Li H, Wang T. Impact of Social Participation Types on Depression in the Elderly in China: An Analysis Based on Counterfactual Causal Inference. Front Public Health 2022; 10:792765. [PMID: 35433576 PMCID: PMC9010741 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.792765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Depression is the leading cause of ill health and disability worldwide, and has become one of the key issues in the public health sector. Social participation is one of the most important measures to support the rapidly aging population and can reduce the risk of depression in the elderly. This study aims to explore the causal relationship between different types of social participation and depression in the elderly, and reduce the level of depression in the elderly by promoting social participation. Methods In order to accurately evaluate the causal relationship between participation in different types of social activities and depression in the elderly, this paper uses propensity score matching (PSM) for analysis based on counterfactual framework. The specific matching methods used are: k-nearest neighbor matching method, kernel matching method and radius matching method. Results In this study, 31.4% of the elderly have depression, and the proportion of female elderly is significantly higher. Participation in different social activities has different effects on depression in the elderly. Taking into account sample selection bias, participation in friend-making, exercise, and recreational activities can effectively reduce the risk of depression in the elderly. Compared with other social activities, participation in exercise and recreational activities are more helpful to reduce the risk of depression in the elderly. Participating in exercise activities only reduces the risk of depression in 60–69-year-olds, while participating in economic activities increases the risk of depression in the elderly aged 70 and over. Compared with the male elderly, participation in friend-making, exercise, and recreational activities results in the female elderly having stronger resistance to the risk of depression. Conclusions Depression was prevalent among the elderly. Through PSM analysis, different types of social participation have different effects on depression in the elderly. In order to maximize the positive effects of different types of social participation on depression in the elderly, it is necessary to provide differentiated social support environment for the elderly. Expanding the research on the relationship between social participation and depression of the elderly will help to formulate more reasonable public health policies and improve the mental health of the elderly.
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242
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Steppe J, Ramos MD, Falvai R. The Role of Social Engagement in Older Adults' Health. Res Gerontol Nurs 2022; 15:152-160. [PMID: 35357981 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20220324-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to explore the association between social engagement and the health status, cognition, and perceived well-being of older adults using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Descriptive statistics, clustering, and regression modeling were performed to analyze the data. We used the regression model to identify statistically significant relationships between the representative variables and the extent to which participants participated in social activities. The most representative variable for each of the three clusters was selected and fitted to the regression model, which consists of (1) acute health problems and events, (2) cognitive and communication barriers, and (3) chronic conditions contributing to long-term health status. A regression model found that two factors-cognitive and communication barriers and chronic conditions contributing to long-term health status-were statistically significant in determining social engagement in older adults. Health care providers should consider various factors in planning and implementing social programs that can positively engage older adults. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, xx(x), xx-xx.].
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243
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Abe T, Nofuji Y, Seino S, Hata T, Narita M, Yokoyama Y, Amano H, Kitamura A, Shinkai S, Fujiwara Y. Behavior changes and functional capacity Physical, social, and dietary behavioral changes during the COVID-19 crisis and their effects on functional capacity in older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 101:104708. [PMID: 35489311 PMCID: PMC9022396 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background This two-year follow-up study aimed to identify factors associated with unhealthy behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine their impact on functional capacity in older adults. Methods Altogether, 536 adults aged ≥65 years participated in this study. The frequency of going out, exercise habits, face-to-face and non-face-to-face interactions, social participation, and eating habits were examined as behavioral factors before and after the first declaration of a state of emergency in Japan. Functional capacity was assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Results Using latent class analysis considering changes in the six behaviors, the participants were divided into healthy (n = 289) and unhealthy (n = 247) behavior groups. The male sex was associated with 2.36 times higher odds, diabetes with 2.19 times higher odds, depressive mood with 1.83 times higher odds, poor subjective economic status with 2.62 times higher odds, and living alone with 44% lower odds of being unhealthy. The unhealthy behavior group showed significantly decreased functional capacity (B =−1.56 [−1.98, −1.14]) than the healthy behavior group. For each behavior, negative changes in going out (B =−0.99 [−1.60, −0.37]), face-to-face interaction (B =−0.65 [−1.16, −0.13]), and non-face-to-face interactions (B =−0.80 [−1.36, −0.25]) were associated with a decline in functional capacity. Conclusion Our results showed four factors associated with engaging in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and how behavioral changes affect functional capacity decline during the COVID-19 pandemic, which will help to develop public health approaches
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Abe
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Toshiki Hata
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Department of Food and Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hidenori Amano
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Health Town Development Science Centre, Yao City Health Centre, 1-1-1 Honmachi, Yao City, Osaka 581-0003, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Department of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama 350-0288, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Ghazi SN, Anderberg P, Berglund JS, Berner J, Dallora AL. Psychological Health and Digital Social Participation of the Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Blekinge, Sweden-An Exploratory Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19063711. [PMID: 35329398 PMCID: PMC8954168 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has affected the psychological health of older adults directly and indirectly through recommendations of social distancing and isolation. Using the internet or digital tools to participate in society, one might mitigate the effects of COVID-19 on psychological health. This study explores the social participation of older adults through internet use as a social platform during COVID-19 and its relationship with various psychological health aspects. In this study, we used the survey as a research method, and we collected data through telephonic interviews; and online and paper-based questionnaires. The results showed an association of digital social participation with age and feeling lack of company. Furthermore, in addition, to the increase in internet use in older adults in Sweden during COVID-19, we conclude that digital social participation is essential to maintain psychological health in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nauman Ghazi
- Department of Health, Blekinge Institute of Technology, SE-371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden; (P.A.); (J.S.B.); (J.B.); (A.L.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Peter Anderberg
- Department of Health, Blekinge Institute of Technology, SE-371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden; (P.A.); (J.S.B.); (J.B.); (A.L.D.)
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, SE-541 28 Skövde, Sweden
| | - Johan Sanmartin Berglund
- Department of Health, Blekinge Institute of Technology, SE-371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden; (P.A.); (J.S.B.); (J.B.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Jessica Berner
- Department of Health, Blekinge Institute of Technology, SE-371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden; (P.A.); (J.S.B.); (J.B.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Ana Luiza Dallora
- Department of Health, Blekinge Institute of Technology, SE-371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden; (P.A.); (J.S.B.); (J.B.); (A.L.D.)
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Tajika A, Ide K, Iizuka G, Tsuji T, Yokoyama M, Ojima T, Kondo K. [Does participation in community gatherings suppress aggravation of functional decline risk among older people? A study based on 2013-2016 data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:136-145. [PMID: 34759170 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective Through the amendment of the Long-Term Care Insurance Law in 2014, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare established a general long-term care and prevention project centered on "Kayoinoba" to promote participation in social and physical activities for older people, which included environmental approaches for individual health and well-being through community-building. However, reports show that the effectiveness of long-term care and prevention in Kayoinoba across multiple municipalities is limited. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of participation in Kayoinoba in reducing the risk of functional decline among older people, using data from 24 municipalities of 10 prefectures nationwide.Methods This study examined self-administered mail survey data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. The participants were older people aged ≥65 years who lived in 24 municipalities of 10 prefectures, in 2013 and 2016. The dependent variable was an increase in total score of ≥5 points on a risk assessment scale predicting incident functional disability ("incident functional disability risk score")(Tsuji et al., 2018), and the explanatory variable was existence of participation in a Kayoinoba program. Nine variables were used as the covariates: educational attainment, equivalent income, depression, smoking, drinking, instrumental activities of daily living, incident functional disability risk score in 2013 (including sex and age), living status (whether the person lived alone), and employment status in 2013. We conducted Poisson regression analysis with stratification of the participants into two groups according to age: young older people and old older people. Sensitivity analysis of the possible increase of ≥3 or 7 points in the incident functional disability risk score was also conducted.Results Of the 3,760 participants in the study, 472 (316 young older people and 156 old older people)[12.6% (11.8%, 14.5%)] participated in Kayoinoba. Compared with those who did not participate in Kayoinoba, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of increase in risk assessment score was 0.88 (95% confidence interval: 0.65-1.18) for all who did participate, 1.13 (0.80-1.60) in the young older people and 0.54 (0.30-0.96) in the old older people, and was significant in the latter. In addition, similar results were obtained in the sensitivity analysis with the dependent variable as an increase in total score of ≥3 or 7 points on the risk assessment scale predicting incident functional disability.Conclusions Compared with those who did not participate in Kayoinoba, functional decline risk was suppressed in those who did participate. The IRR was suppressed 46% in old older people. Promoting participation in Kayoinoba may effectively prevent the need for long-term care in old older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Tajika
- Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Kazushige Ide
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
- Department of Community General Support, Hasegawa Hospital
| | - Gemmei Iizuka
- Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
- Department of Family Medicine, Kameda Family Clinic Tateyama
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Meiko Yokoyama
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Jenks CM, Hoff SR, Haney J, Tournis E, Thomas D, Young NM. Cochlear Implantation Can Improve Auditory Skills, Language and Social Engagement of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Otol Neurotol 2022; 43:313-319. [PMID: 34935761 PMCID: PMC8843363 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case review and parent survey. SETTING Tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS Thirty children with ASD who underwent CI between 1991 and 2018. Mean age at CI = 3.5 years (0.8-11.8), mean age at diagnosis of ASD = 5.1 years (2.0-15.0) (22/30 diagnosed after CI), mean follow-up = 10.5 years (1.4-21.6). Parents of 7 children returned a survey. INTERVENTION Unilateral or bilateral cochlear implantation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Speech perception; expressive communication mode; educational placement; social engagement; consistency of CI use; parent survey of child behavior change. RESULTS Thirty-three percent of all and 45% of the 22 consistent device users developed measurable open-set speech perception by an average of 4.5 years of device use. Educational placement at last follow-up included 13% mainstreamed without interpreter, 50% Special Education programs, 10% therapeutic residential or day programs, 23% total communication programs, and one home schooled. Spoken language alone was used by 31% and spoken plus sign by 14%, with the remainder using sign alone, augmentative communication devices or no mode of communication. By parent report, 86% showed improvement in social engagement compared to pre-CI. Survey results showed the behaviors most frequently ranked as most affected by CI were communication and attention, while awareness of environment had the lowest (most affected) mean ranking. CONCLUSIONS Findings support a growing body of literature that cochlear implantation has the potential to improve auditory skills, language, and enhance social engagement in some deaf children with autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M. Jenks
- Department Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
- Division of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Otology and Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
| | - Stephen R. Hoff
- Department Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
- Division of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Otology and Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
| | - Jennifer Haney
- Department of Children's Services, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
| | - Elizabeth Tournis
- Department of Audiology, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Denise Thomas
- Department of Audiology, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nancy M. Young
- Department Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
- Division of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Otology and Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University School of Communication, Evanston, Illinois
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Manning M, MacFarlane A, Hickey A, Galvin R, Franklin S. Regulating emotional responses to aphasia to re-engage in life: a qualitative interview study. Int J Lang Commun Disord 2022; 57:352-365. [PMID: 35112780 PMCID: PMC9306601 DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with post-stroke aphasia (PWA) are more likely to experience serious mood disorders compared with those without. Emotional regulation may be important for influencing life participation after stroke. Understanding emotional regulation in the context of aphasia is important for promoting personally defined recovery, psychological well-being and life participation. AIMS To explore how individuals experience and regulate negative emotional responses to aphasia as part of re-engaging with life. METHODS & PROCEDURES In-depth semi-structured qualitative interviews with 14 PWA were conducted. The focus and design were developed with public and patient involvement contributors. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Analysis generated three themes, which captured inherent diversity across participants in terms of emotional experiences, responses and regulation strategies: (1) emotional upheaval at all stages of recovery; (2) regulating emotional upheaval; and (3) discerning possibilities for life participation. Emotional regulation occurred both within and without the context of formal support services. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Individuals may be differently (en)abled in responding positively, with implications for aphasia psychological support and self-management interventions. The findings may inform future interventions to optimize well-being and personally meaningful outcomes for PWA. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on the subject PWA experience significant psychosocial upheaval and are at risk of mood disorders. Emotional regulation may be important for influencing one's emotional state, social participation and relationships after stroke. There is a need to better understand the ways in which PWA experience and regulate their emotions to develop better support for personally defined recovery. What this paper adds to existing knowledge PWA may experience significant and pervasive mood disorders in the long term after stroke. This may be compounded by worries for their children's well-being. Some, but not all, regulate emotions by drawing on positivity, determination, gratitude or stoicism. Having (supportive) opportunities to experience the impact of aphasia is important for discerning helpful strategies and participation opportunities. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Confronting altered abilities requires supportive, responsive opportunities sensitive to emotional responses. Opportunities for peer support and/or meaningful emotional support and compassion from family and friends are important therapeutic targets. Therapeutic input should pay attention to any familial and parenting concerns that may be compounding low mood. Although emotional regulation and recovery may occur without formal support, mental health services must be organized in such a way that PWA can access as needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Manning
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
- Public and Patient Involvement Research Unit, Health Research InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
- Ageing Research Centre, Health Research InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Anne MacFarlane
- Public and Patient Involvement Research Unit, Health Research InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
- Graduate Entry Medical School (GEMS), Faculty of Education and Health SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Anne Hickey
- Department of PsychologyRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Rose Galvin
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
- Ageing Research Centre, Health Research InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Sue Franklin
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
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Fields B, Smallfield S. Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Adults With Chronic Conditions. Am J Occup Ther 2022; 76:7602397010. [PMID: 35299240 DOI: 10.5104/ajot.2022/762001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Demand is increasing for occupational therapy practitioners to help the growing population of adults with chronic conditions manage their conditions. OBJECTIVE This Practice Guideline, which is informed by systematic reviews of the literature on the use of self-management interventions, is meant to guide occupational therapy practitioners' clinical decision making when working with community-dwelling adults with chronic conditions. The chronic conditions included heart disease, chronic lung conditions, diabetes, and kidney disease. The self-management interventions addressed ADLs and sleep and rest; IADLs; education, work, volunteering, leisure, and social participation; and the caregiver role. METHOD We reviewed, discussed, and integrated the clinical recommendations developed from four systematic reviews, supporting literature, and expert opinion to provide recommendations for practice. RESULTS A total of 102 articles were included in the systematic reviews, which served as the primary basis for the practice recommendations. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Strong to moderate evidence supports clinical recommendations for the use of self-management interventions when working with clients with chronic conditions. We recommend the use of a multimodal approach that includes three components-education, goal setting, and problem solving-over an extended period to assist clients in establishing self-management habits and routines. On the basis of emerging evidence and expert opinion, we recommend that occupational therapy practitioners consider using a prevention approach, helping clients establish habits and routines, and emphasizing shared goal setting when addressing clients' self-management of chronic conditions. What This Article Adds: This Practice Guideline provides a summary of strong to moderate evidence that supports clinical recommendations for the use of self-management interventions with clients with chronic conditions. When guided by this evidence, occupational therapy practitioners are better able to help clients meet their occupational challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Fields
- Beth Fields, PhD, OTR/L, BCG, is Assistant Professor, Department of Kinesiology Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison;
| | - Stacy Smallfield
- Stacy Smallfield, DrOT, MSOT, OTR/L, BCG, FAOTA, is Associate Director and Capstone Coordinator, Division of Occupational Therapy, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha
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Liu H, Wang M. Socioeconomic status and ADL disability of the older adults: Cumulative health effects, social outcomes and impact mechanisms. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262808. [PMID: 35143499 PMCID: PMC8830695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the important indicators affecting individual's social participation and resource allocation, and it also plays an important role in the health shock of individuals. Faced by the trend of aging society, more and more nations across the world began to pay attention to prevent the risk of health shock of old adults. METHODS Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013, 2015 and 2018, this study uses path analysis and ologit model to empirically estimate the effects of SES and health shock on the activities of daily living (ADL) disability of old adults. RESULTS As a result, first, it was found that SES has significant impact on the disability of old adults. Specifically, economic conditions (income) plays dominant role. Economic status affects the risk of individual disability mainly through life security and health behavior. Secondly, SES significantly affecting health shock, with education and economic status showing remarkable impact, and there is an apparent group inequality. Furthermore, taking high education group as reference, the probability of good sight or hearing ability of the low education group was only 49.76% and 63.29% of the high education group, respectively, while the rates of no pain and severe illness were 155.50% and 54.69% of the high education group. At last, the estimation of path effect of SES on ADL disability indicates evident group inequality, with health shock plays critical mediating role. CONCLUSIONS SES is an important factor influencing residents' health shock, and health shocks like cerebral thrombosis and cerebral hemorrhage will indirectly lead to the risk of individual ADL disability. Furthermore, among the multi-dimensional indicators of SES, individual income and education are predominant factors affecting health shock and ADL disability, while occupation of pre-retirement have little impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- School of Public Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hang Zhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Public Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hang Zhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Yang HL, Zhang S, Zhang WC, Shen Z, Wang JH, Cheng SM, Tao YW, Zhang SQ, Yang LX, Yao YD, Xie L, Tang LL, Wu YY, Li ZY. Volunteer Service and Well-Being of Older People in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:777178. [PMID: 35284360 PMCID: PMC8914025 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.777178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The social support theory suggested that involving older people in social activities could increase their level of social participation and interaction, which in turn improved their well-being. However, there has been a heated controversy about whether participating in volunteer services could enhance the well-being of older people, especially for the Chinese sample. Method Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013, this paper used an ordered probit model to examine the impact of older people's participation in volunteer services on their well-being, as well as the differences in the impact across groups and the specific transmission mechanism. Result The empirical study found that Chinese older people's participation in volunteerism significantly enhanced their well-being, which remained robust after eliminating the possible effects of self-selection. Further heterogeneity analysis revealed that for female, non-party members and older adults with good economic status, participation in volunteerism has a higher increase in well-being. The mediating effect test indicated that older people's participation in volunteerism affected well-being mainly through enhancing positive emotions. Conclusion It is necessary to promote the participation of older people in volunteer services and to clarify the role of government support and advocacy. Proper guidance is given to change the role of older people as care recipients to that of service providers and caregivers, and to continuously enrich the programmes and content of volunteer service to safeguard the well-being of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-lei Yang
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-chao Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Shen
- School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Shen
| | - Jia-hao Wang
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Si-meng Cheng
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-wen Tao
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Si-qing Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-xingzi Yang
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-dan Yao
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Institution of Population and Labor Economics, University of Chinese Academy of Social Science, Beijing, China
| | - Li-li Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuan-yang Wu
- School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-yun Li
- College of Politics and Public Administration, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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