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Thiruvengadam R, Venkidasamy B, Easwaran M, Chi HY, Thiruvengadam M, Kim SH. Dynamic interplay of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in plant resilience: unveiling the signaling pathways and metabolic responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:198. [PMID: 39023775 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Plants respond to environmental challenges by producing reactive species such as ROS and RNS, which play critical roles in signaling pathways that lead to adaptation and survival strategies. Understanding these pathways, as well as their detection methods and effects on plant development and metabolism, provides insight into increasing crop tolerance to combined stresses. Plants encounter various environmental stresses (abiotic and biotic) that affect plant growth and development. Plants sense biotic and abiotic stresses by producing different molecules, including reactive species, that act as signaling molecules and stimulate secondary messengers and subsequent gene transcription. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are produced in both physiological and pathological conditions in the plasma membranes, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Various techniques, including spectroscopy, chromatography, and fluorescence methods, are used to detect highly reactive, short-half-life ROS and RNS either directly or indirectly. In this review, we highlight the roles of ROS and RNS in seed germination, root development, senescence, mineral nutrition, and post-harvest control. In addition, we provide information on the specialized metabolism involved in plant growth and development. Secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, are produced in low concentrations in plants for signaling and metabolism. Strategies for improving crop performance under combined drought and pathogen stress conditions are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Maheswaran Easwaran
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Hee Youn Chi
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Niu H, Zhou M, Xu X, Xu X. Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue as a Critical Regulator of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - A Concise Review. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:1259-1272. [PMID: 39011312 PMCID: PMC11249116 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s466446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a major health problem affecting millions of women worldwide. PMOP patients are often accompanied by abnormal accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). BMAT is a critical regulator of bone homeostasis, and an increasing BMAT volume is negatively associated with bone mass reduction or fracture. BMAT regulates bone metabolism via adipokines, cytokines and the immune system, but the specific mechanisms are largely unknown. This review emphasizes the impact of estrogen deficiency on bone homeostasis and BMAT expansion, and the mechanism by which BMAT regulates PMOP, providing a promising strategy for targeting BMAT in preventing and treating PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Niu
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Minfeng Zhou
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Hayat MF, Zohaib M, Ijaz MU, Batool M, Ashraf A, Almutairi BO, Atique U. Ameliorative potential of eriocitrin against cadmium instigated hepatotoxicity in rats via regulating Nrf2/keap1 pathway. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127445. [PMID: 38613902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous heavy metal that adversely affects the vital body organs particularly liver. Eriocitrin (ERCN) is a plant-based flavonoid that is well-known for its wide range of pharmacological potential. This research trial was aimed to determine the ameliorative potential of ERCN against Cd provoked hepatotoxicity in rats. METHODOLOGY Twenty-four rats (Rattus norvegicus) were apportioned into control, Cd treated (5 mg/kg), Cd (5 mg/kg) + ERCN (25 mg/kg) and only ERCN (25 mg/kg) administrated group. Expressions of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway and apoptotic markers were assessed through qRT-PCR. The levels of inflammatory and liver function markers were evaluated by using standard ELISA kits. KEY FINDINGS Cd exposure reduced the expression of Nrf2 and anti-oxidant genes as well as the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) contents while escalating the expression of Keap1. Furthermore, Cd intoxication augmented malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in hepatic tissues. Exposure to Cd resulted in a notable elevation in the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Cd administration upregulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. Furthermore, Cd administration upsurged Bax and Caspase-3 expression while reducing the expression of Bcl-2. Moreover, Cd intoxication disrupted the normal architecture of hepatic tissues. However, supplementation of ERCN significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated the aforementioned disruptions induced by Cd intoxication. CONCLUSION ERCN treatment remarkably ameliorated the hepatic tissues owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potentials. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of ERCN to counteract the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on hepatic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal Hayat
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zohaib
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Moazama Batool
- Department of Zoology, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usman Atique
- College of Biological Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
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Qamar M, Shafiullah, Sultanat, Lal H, Rizvi A, Farhan M. Synthesis, characterisation, and in vitro antiparasitic activity of new flavanoidal tetrazinan-6'-ones and their binding study with calf thymus DNA using molecular modelling and spectroscopic techniques. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124757. [PMID: 38959688 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
With the developing resistance to traditional antiparasitic medications, the purpose of this study was to efficiently develop a series of six noble flavanoidal tetrazinane-6'-one derivatives by a one-pot reaction pathway. FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and Mass spectra were employed for the structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds (7-12). Clinostomum complanatum, a parasite infection model that has been well-established, demonstrated that all the synthesized compounds are potent antiparasitic agents. DNA is the main target for various medicinal compounds. As a result, thestudy of how small molecules attach to DNA has received a lot of attention. In the present study, we have performed various biophysical techniques to determine the mode of binding of synthesized compounds (7-12) with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA). It was observed from the UV-visible absorbance and fluorescence spectra that all synthesized compounds (7-12) form complexes with the ct-DNA. The value of binding constant (Kb) was obtained to be in the range of 4.36---24.50 × 103 M - 1 at 298 K. Competitive displacement assay with ethidium bromide (EB), CD spectral analysis, viscosity measurements, and in silico molecular docking confirmed that ligands (7-12) incorporate with ct-DNA through groove binding only. Molecular docking studies were performed for all synthesized compounds with the calf thymus DNA and it was found that all the newly synthesized compounds strongly bind with the chain B of DNA in the minor groove with the value of binding energy in the range of -8.54 to -9.04 kcal per mole and several hydrogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Qamar
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India, 202002
| | - Shafiullah
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India, 202002.
| | - Sultanat
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India, 202002
| | - Hira Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India, 202002
| | - Asim Rizvi
- Department of Kulliyat, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Partyka A, Kostrzewa Susłow E, Dymarska M, Ligocka Z, Smalec B, Kalinin J, Meco M, Niżański W. Flavone and 3-hydroxyflavone supplementation in cryopreservation medium protects canine sperm against apoptosis and lipid peroxidation. Theriogenology 2024; 226:319-327. [PMID: 38959842 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a pivotal technique in safeguarding genetic material across diverse species, despite its inherent challenges linked to induced spermatozoa damage, notably apoptosis and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Given the insufficient antioxidant defense of spermatozoa against LPO, there is a rising interest in integrating additional additives into extenders to ameliorate mammalian semen quality. Among these additives, flavonoids have garnered considerable attention due to their potent antioxidative properties. Hence, our study aimed to assess the efficacy of flavone (FL) and 3-hydroxyflavone (3-OH = ) supplementation in the cryopreservation medium to protect canine sperm against the damaging impacts of freezing and ensure the preservation of their reproductive potential. Semen was collected from five Beagle stud dogs and then pooled. Then, the sample was divided into 7 groups, each treated with 1) 0 mM, 2) 0.1 mM FL, 3) 0.2 mM FL, 4) 0.4 mM FL, 5) 0.1 mM 3-OH = , 6) 0.2 mM 3-OH = , 7) 0.4 mM 3-OH = . Semen samples were subjected to cryopreservation in French straws and glycerol as a cryoprotectant. In the frozen thawed semen, sperm motility parameters by CASA system and sperm membrane integrity, acrosome status, mitochondrial activity, DNA fragmentation, early apoptosis with capacitation, and LPO were assessed using flow cytometry just after thawing (0 h) and 4 h post thaw. Results reveal significant increase in the proportion of live spermatozoa with undamaged acrosomes in the FL 0.1 and 3-OH = 0.2 groups at 0 h post thaw. At this time point, 3-OH = 0.1 significantly reduced the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) compared to the FL 0.1 and 0.2 groups. However, after the next 4 h, 3-OH = 0.4 exhibited the lowest (P < 0.05) DFI compared to FL 0.2 and 3-OH = 0.1. Additionally, 3-OH = 0.4 showed the highest (P < 0.05) proportion of non apoptotic and non capacitated spermatozoa compared to FL 0.1 0 h post-thaw. Simultaneously, the same group demonstrated significant reduction in apoptotic and capacitated sperm cells, at 0 h and 4 h post-thaw. Moreover, 3-OH = at 0.1 (0 h and 4 h) and 0.2 mM (4 h) significantly enhances the proportion of live sperm without LPO post thaw. Whitin the FL groups, only 0.4 FL significantly increased the percentage of live sperm without LPO. No significant effect of the tested substances was observed on sperm motility, cell membrane integrity, or mitochondrial activity. These findings highlight the promising role of flavone and 3-hydroxyflavone in enhancing sperm resilience during cryopreservation, suggesting their protective function against acrosome damages, capacitation, apoptosis and lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Partyka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Dymarska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Ligocka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Barbara Smalec
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jarosław Kalinin
- Group no.148 of the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michele Meco
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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Malenica M, Biesaga M, Pedisić S, Martinović LS. Stability of Propolis Phenolics during Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Procedures. Foods 2024; 13:2020. [PMID: 38998526 PMCID: PMC11240959 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Propolis has gained popularity in recent years as a potential preventive and therapeutic agent due to its numerous health benefits, which include immune system boosting, blood pressure lowering, allergy treatment, and skin disease treatment. The pharmacological activity of propolis is primarily attributed to phenolics and their interactions with other compounds. Given that phenols account for most of propolis's biological activity, various extraction methods are being developed. The resin-wax composition of the propolis matrix necessitates the development of an extraction procedure capable of breaking matrix-phenol bonds while maintaining phenol stability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the stability of two major groups of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and phenolic acids, in propolis methanol/water 50/50 (v/v) extracts obtained after ultrasound-assisted extraction (USE) under different extraction parameters (extraction time and pH) and heat reflux extraction (HRE). The methodology involved varying the USE parameters, including extraction time (5, 10, and 15 min) and pH (2 and 7), followed by analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to quantify phenolic recoveries. Results revealed that benzoic acid and chlorogenic acid derivatives demonstrated excellent stability across all ultrasound extraction procedures. The recoveries of flavonoids were highly diverse, with luteolin, quercitrin, and hesperetin being the most stable. Overall, neutral pH improved flavonoid recovery, whereas phenolic acids remained more stable at pH = 2. The most important optimization parameter was USE time, and it was discovered that 15 min of ultrasound resulted in the best recoveries for most of the phenols tested, implying that phenols bind strongly to the propolis matrix and require ultrasound to break the bond. However, the high variability in phenol extraction and recovery after spiking the propolis sample shows that no single extraction method can produce the highest yield of all phenols tested. As a result, when working with a complex matrix like propolis, the extraction techniques and procedures for each phenol need to be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladenka Malenica
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Magdalena Biesaga
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Sandra Pedisić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Lara Saftić Martinović
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Li J, Liu H, Lv X, Wang W, Liang X, Chen L, Wang Y, Liu J. A key ABA biosynthetic gene OsNCED3 is a positive regulator in resistance to Nilaparvata lugens in Oryza sativa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1359315. [PMID: 38988632 PMCID: PMC11233810 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1359315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The gene encoding 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 3 (NCED3) functions in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, plant growth and development, and tolerance to adverse temperatures, drought and saline conditions. In this study, three rice lines were used to explore the function of OsNCED3, these included an OsNCED3-overexpressing line (OsNCED3-OE), a knockdown line (osnced3-RNAi) and wild-type rice (WT). These rice lines were infested with the brown plant hopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) and examined for physiological and biochemical changes, hormone content, and defense gene expression. The results showed that OsNCED3 activated rice defense mechanisms, which led to an increased defense enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase. The overexpression of OsNCED3 decreased the number of planthoppers and reduced oviposition and BPH hatching rates. Furthermore, the overexpression of OsNCED3 increased the concentrations of jasmonic acid, jasmonyl-isoleucine and ABA relative to WT rice and the osnced3-RNAi line. These results indicate that OsNCED3 improved the stress tolerance in rice and support a role for both jasmonates and ABA as defense compounds in the rice-BPH interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Liang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinglan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Duarte-Casar R, González-Jaramillo N, Bailon-Moscoso N, Rojas-Le-Fort M, Romero-Benavides JC. Five Underutilized Ecuadorian Fruits and Their Bioactive Potential as Functional Foods and in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:2904. [PMID: 38930969 PMCID: PMC11207112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Ecuadorian Amazon harbors numerous wild and cultivated species used as food, many of which are underutilized. This review explores the bioactive potential of five such fruits-Borojó (Alibertia patinoi); Chonta (Bactris gasipaes); Arazá (Eugenia stipitata); Amazon grape (Pourouma cecropiifolia), a wild edible plant; and Cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum)-and their applications against metabolic syndrome. This study highlights their health-promoting ingredients and validates traditional medicinal properties, emphasizing their significance in improving health and mitigating the effects of the Western diet. These fruits, integral to Ecuadorian cuisine, are consumed fresh and processed. Chonta is widely cultivated but less prominent than in pre-Hispanic times, Borojó is known for its aphrodisiac properties, Cocona is traditional in northern provinces, Arazá is economically significant in food products, and Amazon grape is the least utilized and researched. The fruits are rich in phenolics (A. patinoi, E. stipitata) and carotenoids (B. gasipaes, E. stipitata), which are beneficial in controlling metabolic syndrome. This study advocates for more research and product development, especially for lesser-known species with high phenolic and anthocyanin content. This research underscores the economic, cultural, and nutritional value of these fruits, promoting their integration into modern diets and contributing to sustainable agriculture, cultural preservation, and public health through functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Duarte-Casar
- Tecnología Superior en Gestión Culinaria, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Sede Manabí, Portoviejo 130103, Ecuador; (R.D.-C.); (M.R.-L.-F.)
| | - Nancy González-Jaramillo
- Maestría en Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110108, Ecuador;
| | - Natalia Bailon-Moscoso
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110108, Ecuador;
| | - Marlene Rojas-Le-Fort
- Tecnología Superior en Gestión Culinaria, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Sede Manabí, Portoviejo 130103, Ecuador; (R.D.-C.); (M.R.-L.-F.)
| | - Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110108, Ecuador
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Zhang W, Zhao Y, Yang H, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Wang X, Xu Z, Deng J. Comparison analysis of bioactive metabolites in soybean, pea, mung bean, and common beans: reveal the potential variations of their antioxidant property. Food Chem 2024; 457:140137. [PMID: 38908251 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
This study showed the significantly differences of basic nutrients and metabolite compounds in nine types of beans involved in soybean, mung bean, pea, and common beans. The metabolomics results showed that serval metabolites such as histidine, proline, 3-alanine, and myricetin which could be used to identify different beans. The random forest model showed that amino acid and fatty acid could be used as special indexes to distinguish different types of beans in practice. The different expressed metabolites among different types of beans were involved in various pathways including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and purine metabolism. The antioxidant activity was significantly different among different types of beans, and the contents of amino acid, coumarin, and polyphenol contributed the antioxidant activities of beans. Together, these results will provide a comprehensive understanding of metabolites in different types of beans and theoretical guideline for the future application of beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haixia Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhanquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- College of Food science and technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jianjun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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10
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Kostić AŽ, Arserim-Uçar DK, Materska M, Sawicka B, Skiba D, Milinčić DD, Pešić MB, Pszczółkowski P, Moradi D, Ziarati P, Bienia B, Barbaś P, Sudagıdan M, Kaur P, Sharifi-Rad J. Unlocking Quercetin's Neuroprotective Potential: A Focus on Bee-Collected Pollen. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400114. [PMID: 38386539 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
In the quest to evade side effects associated with synthetic drugs, mankind is continually exploring natural sources. In recent decades, neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) have surged dramatically compared to other human diseases. Flavonoids, naturally occurring compounds, have emerged as potential preventers of NDD development. Notably, quercetin and its derivatives demonstrated excellent antioxidant properties in the fight against NDDs. Recognizing bee-collected pollen (BP) as a well-established excellent source of quercetin and its derivatives, this review seeks to consolidate available data on the prevalence of this flavonoid in BP, contingent upon its botanical and geographical origins. It aims to advocate for BP as a superb natural source of "drugs" that could serve as preventative measures against NDDs. Examination of numerous published articles, detailing the phenolic profile of BP, suggests that it can be a great source of quercetin, with an average range of up to 1000 mg/kg. In addition to quercetin, 24 derivatives (with rutin being the most predominant) have been identified. Theoretical calculations, based on the recommended dietary intake for quercetin, indicate that BP can fulfil from 0.1 to over 100 % of the requirement, depending on BP's origin and bioaccessibility/bioavailability during digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Ž Kostić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade
| | - Dılhun Keriman Arserim-Uçar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bingöl University, Bingöl, 12000, Türkiye
| | - Małgorzata Materska
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15 Street, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Sawicka
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodities Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dominika Skiba
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodities Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Danijel D Milinčić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade
| | - Mirjana B Pešić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade
| | - Piotr Pszczółkowski
- Experimental Department of Cultivar Assessment, Research Centre for Cultivar Testing, Uhnin, 21-211, Dębowa Kłoda, Poland
| | - Donya Moradi
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Ziarati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bernadetta Bienia
- Food Production and Safety Department, National Academy of Applied Sciences, Rynek 1 str., 38-400, Krosno, Poland
| | - Piotr Barbaś
- Department Agronomy of Potato, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Branch Jadwisin, 05-140, Serock, Poland
| | - Mert Sudagıdan
- Kit-ARGEM R&D Center, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Meram, 42080, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Preetinder Kaur
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, 14-008, Cuenca, Ecuador
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11
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Atoki AV, Aja PM, Shinkafi TS, Ondari EN, Awuchi CG. Naringenin: its chemistry and roles in neuroprotection. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:637-666. [PMID: 37585716 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2243089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
According to epidemiological research, as the population ages, neurological illnesses are becoming a bigger issue. Despite improvements in the treatment of these diseases, there are still widespread worries about how to find a long-lasting remedy. Several neurological diseases can be successfully treated with natural substances. As a result, current research has been concentrated on finding effective neuroprotective drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. Naringenin is one potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Many citrus fruits, tomatoes, bergamots, and other fruits are rich in naringenin, a flavonoid. This phytochemical is linked to a variety of biological functions. Naringenin has attracted a lot of interest for its ability to exhibit neuroprotection through several mechanisms. In the current article, we present evidence from the literature that naringenin reduces neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in brain tissues. Also, the literatures that are currently accessible shows that naringenin reduces neuroinflammation and other neurological anomalies. Additionally, we found several studies that touted naringenin as a promising anti-amyloidogenic, antidepressant, and neurotrophic treatment option. This review's major goal is to reflect on advancements in knowledge of the molecular processes that underlie naringenin's possible neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, this article also provides highlights of Naringenin with respect to its chemistry and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Erick Nyakundi Ondari
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Chinaza Godswill Awuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
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12
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Todorov SD, Alves VF, Popov I, Weeks R, Pinto UM, Petrov N, Ivanova IV, Chikindas ML. Antimicrobial Compounds in Wine. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:763-783. [PMID: 37855943 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Ipsum vinum est potestas et possession (wine itself is power and possession). Wine is a complex system that triggers multisensory cognitive stimuli. Wine and its consumption are thoroughly intertwined with the development of human society. The beverage was appreciated in many ancient mythologies and plays an essential part in Christianity and rituals to this day. Wine has been said to enlighten and inspire artists and has even been prohibited by law and some religions, but has nevertheless played a role in human civilizations since the beginning. Winemaking is also a prospering and economically important industry and a longtime symbol of status and luxury. In winemaking, the formation of the final product is influenced by several factors that contribute to the chemical and sensory complexity often associated with quality vintages. Factors such as terroir, climatic conditions, variety of the grape, all aspects of the winemaking process to the smallest details, including metabolic processes carried out by yeast and malolactic bacteria, and the conditions for the maturation and storage of the final product, up to, and even beyond the point of deciding to open the bottle and enjoy the wine. In conjunction with the empiric and scientific process of winemaking, different molecules with antibacterial activity can be identified in wine during the production process, and several of them are clearly present in the final product. Some of these antibacterial components are phytochemicals, such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds, that may be delivered to the final product (wine) as a part of the grape, a variety of potential additive compounds, or from the oak barrels or clay amphoras used during the maturation process. Others are produced by yeasts and malolactic bacteria and play a role not only in the moderation of the fermentation process but contributing to the microbiological safety and beneficial properties spectra of the final product. Lactic acid bacteria, responsible for conducting malolactic fermentation, contribute to the final balance of the wine but are also directly involved in the production of different compounds exhibiting antibacterial activity. Some examples of these compounds include bacteriocins (antibacterial peptides), diacetyl, organic acids, reuterin, hydrogen peroxide, and carbon dioxide. Major aspects of these different beneficial metabolites are the subject of discussion in this review with the aim of highlighting their beneficial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov
- ProBacLab, Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- CISAS- Center for Research and Development in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
| | - Virginia Farias Alves
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), 74605-170, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Igor Popov
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, 344000, Gagarina Sq., 1, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpijskij av., 1, 354340, Federal Territory Sirius, Russia
| | - Richard Weeks
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, 65 Dudley Road, 08901, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Uelinton Manoel Pinto
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nikolay Petrov
- Laboratory of Virology, New Bulgarian University, Montevideo str. 21, 1618, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iskra Vitanova Ivanova
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 8, Bul. Dragan Tzankov, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Michael L Chikindas
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, 344000, Gagarina Sq., 1, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, 65 Dudley Road, 08901, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of General Hygiene, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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13
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Chavda VP, Chaudhari AZ, Balar PC, Gholap A, Vora LK. Phytoestrogens: Chemistry, potential health benefits, and their medicinal importance. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3060-3079. [PMID: 38602108 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens, also known as xenoestrogens, are secondary metabolites derived from plants that have similar structures and biological effects as human estrogens. These compounds do not directly affect biological functions but can act as agonists or antagonists depending on the level of endogenous estrogen in the body. Phytoestrogens may have an epigenetic mechanism of action independent of estrogen receptors. These compounds are found in more than 300 plant species and are synthesized through the phenylpropanoid pathway, with specific enzymes leading to various chemical structures. Phytoestrogens, primarily phenolic compounds, include isoflavonoids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and lignans. Extensive research in animals and humans has demonstrated the protective effects of phytoestrogens on estrogen-dependent diseases. Clinical trials have also shown their potential benefits in conditions such as osteoporosis, Parkinson's disease, and certain types of cancer. This review provides a concise overview of phytoestrogen classification, chemical diversity, and biosynthesis and discusses the potential therapeutic effects of phytoestrogens, as well as their preclinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Amit Z Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Pankti C Balar
- Pharmacy section, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Amol Gholap
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
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14
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Balzerani F, Blasco T, Pérez-Burillo S, Valcarcel LV, Hassoun S, Planes FJ. Extending PROXIMAL to predict degradation pathways of phenolic compounds in the human gut microbiota. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:56. [PMID: 38802371 PMCID: PMC11130242 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00381-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in reconstructing genome-scale metabolic networks, the understanding of cellular metabolism remains incomplete for many organisms. A promising approach for elucidating cellular metabolism is analysing the full scope of enzyme promiscuity, which exploits the capacity of enzymes to bind to non-annotated substrates and generate novel reactions. To guide time-consuming costly experimentation, different computational methods have been proposed for exploring enzyme promiscuity. One relevant algorithm is PROXIMAL, which strongly relies on KEGG to define generic reaction rules and link specific molecular substructures with associated chemical transformations. Here, we present a completely new pipeline, PROXIMAL2, which overcomes the dependency on KEGG data. In addition, PROXIMAL2 introduces two relevant improvements with respect to the former version: i) correct treatment of multi-step reactions and ii) tracking of electric charges in the transformations. We compare PROXIMAL and PROXIMAL2 in recovering annotated products from substrates in KEGG reactions, finding a highly significant improvement in the level of accuracy. We then applied PROXIMAL2 to predict degradation reactions of phenolic compounds in the human gut microbiota. The results were compared to RetroPath RL, a different and relevant enzyme promiscuity method. We found a significant overlap between these two methods but also complementary results, which open new research directions into this relevant question in nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Balzerani
- University of Navarra, Tecnun School of Engineering, Manuel de Lardizábal 13, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Telmo Blasco
- University of Navarra, Tecnun School of Engineering, Manuel de Lardizábal 13, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Sergio Pérez-Burillo
- University of Navarra, Tecnun School of Engineering, Manuel de Lardizábal 13, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Luis V Valcarcel
- University of Navarra, Tecnun School of Engineering, Manuel de Lardizábal 13, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
- University of Navarra, Biomedical Engineering Center, Campus Universitario, 31009, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- University of Navarra, Instituto de Ciencia de los Datos e Inteligencia Artificial (DATAI), Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Soha Hassoun
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
| | - Francisco J Planes
- University of Navarra, Tecnun School of Engineering, Manuel de Lardizábal 13, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
- University of Navarra, Biomedical Engineering Center, Campus Universitario, 31009, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- University of Navarra, Instituto de Ciencia de los Datos e Inteligencia Artificial (DATAI), Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain.
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15
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Wu Y, Liu Y, Jia Y, Zhang H, Ren F. Formation and Application of Starch-Polyphenol Complexes: Influencing Factors and Rapid Screening Based on Chemometrics. Foods 2024; 13:1557. [PMID: 38790857 PMCID: PMC11121577 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the nuanced interplay between plant polyphenols and starch could have significant implications. For example, it could lead to the development of tailor-made starches for specific applications, from bakinag and brewing to pharmaceuticals and bioplastics. In addition, this knowledge could contribute to the formulation of functional foods with lower glycemic indexes or improved nutrient delivery. Variations in the complexes can be attributed to differences in molecular weight, structure, and even the content of the polyphenols. In addition, the unique structural characteristics of starches, such as amylose/amylopectin ratio and crystalline density, also contribute to the observed effects. Processing conditions and methods will always alter the formation of complexes. As the type of starch/polyphenol can have a significant impact on the formation of the complex, the selection of suitable botanical sources of starch/polyphenols has become a focus. Spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics is a convenient and accurate method for rapidly identifying starches/polyphenols and screening for the desired botanical source. Understanding these relationships is crucial for optimizing starch-based systems in various applications, from food technology to pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
- Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
- Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuanqiang Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
- Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
- Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Feiyue Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
- Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
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16
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Terenzi C, Bermudez G, Medri F, Davani L, Tumiatti V, Andrisano V, Montanari S, De Simone A. Phenolic and Antioxidant Characterization of Fruit By-Products for Their Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements Valorization under a Circular Bio-Economy Approach. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:604. [PMID: 38790709 PMCID: PMC11118151 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Agri-food by-products, obtained as waste from the food industry, negatively impact the global economy and the environment. In order to valorize waste materials from fruit juices and tomato sauces as upcycled materials rich in health-promoting compounds, they were characterized in terms of polyphenolic and protein content. The results obtained were compared with those collected for their final products. The recovery of polyphenols was performed via ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method was developed and validated to depict the quali-quantitative polyphenolic profile of both the by-products and the final products. The antioxidant capacity of the resulting extracts was characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometric assays in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant status (TAS). Moreover, the protein content was assessed with the Kjeldahl method too. The results highlighted a significant quantity of polyphenols remaining in peach, apricot, and apple by-products, which were able to exert an antioxidant activity (in the range of 4.95 ± 5.69 × 10-1 to 7.06 ± 7.96 × 10-1 mmol Trolox 100 g-1 of dry weight (DW) sample). Conversely, the tomato by-products were highly rich in proteins (11.0 ± 2.00 to 14.4 ± 2.60 g of proteins 100 g-1 DW). The results proved that all by-products may potentially be sustainable ingredients with nutritional and functional value in a circular bio-economy prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Terenzi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (C.T.); (G.B.); (F.M.); (L.D.); (V.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Gabriela Bermudez
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (C.T.); (G.B.); (F.M.); (L.D.); (V.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Francesca Medri
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (C.T.); (G.B.); (F.M.); (L.D.); (V.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Lara Davani
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (C.T.); (G.B.); (F.M.); (L.D.); (V.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Tumiatti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (C.T.); (G.B.); (F.M.); (L.D.); (V.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (C.T.); (G.B.); (F.M.); (L.D.); (V.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Serena Montanari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (C.T.); (G.B.); (F.M.); (L.D.); (V.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Angela De Simone
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Kłósek M, Kurek-Górecka A, Balwierz R, Krawczyk-Łebek A, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Bronikowska J, Jaworska D, Czuba ZP. The Effect of Methyl-Derivatives of Flavanone on MCP-1, MIP-1β, RANTES, and Eotaxin Release by Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages. Molecules 2024; 29:2239. [PMID: 38792101 PMCID: PMC11123782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines, also known as chemotactic cytokines, stimulate the migration of immune cells. These molecules play a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammation leading to atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-resistant diabetes, and cancer. Moreover, they take part in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The main objective of our research was to determine the activity of methyl-derivatives of flavanone, namely, 2'-methylflavanone (5B), 3'-methylflavanone (6B), 4'-methylflavanone (7B), and 6-methylflavanone (8B), on the releasing of selected cytokines by RAW264.7 macrophages activated by LPS. We determined the concentration of chemokines belonging to the CC chemokine family, namely, MCP-1, MIP-1β, RANTES, and eotaxin, using the Bio-Plex Magnetic Luminex Assay and the Bio-PlexTM 200 System. Among the tested compounds, only 5B and 6B had the strongest effect on inhibiting the examined chemokines' release by macrophages. Therefore, 5B and 6B appear to be potentially useful in the prevention of diseases associated with the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kłósek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (J.B.); (D.J.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Anna Kurek-Górecka
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, St Kasztanowa 3, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Radosław Balwierz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.K.-Ł.); (E.K.-S.)
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.K.-Ł.); (E.K.-S.)
| | - Joanna Bronikowska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (J.B.); (D.J.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Dagmara Jaworska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (J.B.); (D.J.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Zenon P. Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (J.B.); (D.J.); (Z.P.C.)
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18
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Stężycka O, Kasperkowiak M, Frańska M, Nowak D, Hoffmann M. Oxygen Atom from Carbonyl Group as an Important Binding Agent to the G-Quadruplex - Study Case of Flavonoids. Chempluschem 2024:e202400186. [PMID: 38713672 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
In the field of anticancer therapy study it is of great interest to find effective G-quadruplex ligands which may be of potential use in medical treatment or cancer prevention. Since among the compounds of natural origin, flavonoids have attracted notable attention because of their unique properties and promising therapeutic applications, an interesting question was to identify the flavonoid structural features that could provide effective binding properties toward G-quadruplex. By using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, followed by the survival yield method, it has been shown that the flavonoid molecules which contain an available C4=O carbonyl group form more stable adducts with G-tetrads than the other ones. Molecular docking has shown that C4=O carbonyl group can be a source of hydrogen bonds and/or π-stacking interactions. Therefore, the flavonoid molecules which contain an available C4=O carbonyl group can be regarded as good binders of G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Stężycka
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznań University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kasperkowiak
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Frańska
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznań University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
| | - Damian Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Hoffmann
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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19
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Mehmood F, Hassan F, Sarfraz R, Khadim Z, Alamer KH, Attia H, Saleh MA, Al-Robai SA, Zaman QU, Iftikhar Z. Phytochemical screening, antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of Geranium pusillum leaves. Microsc Res Tech 2024. [PMID: 38706433 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Traditional medicinal plants play an important role in primary health care worldwide. The phytochemical screening and activities of Geranium pusillum were investigated in this research. The dried plant leaves were extracted with ethanol, n-hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane, methanol, acetone, and aqueous solvents. These extracts were qualitatively analyzed, GC-MS, antimicrobial activities by using the disc diffusion method, antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging, and cytotoxic activity was analyzed by the hemolytic activity of human red blood cells. The results showed phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phenols, saponins, tannins, and cardiac glycosides were detected in plant leaves. The ethanol extract at a concentration of 10 mg/mL showed a maximum inhibition zone 17.5 ± 0.09, 15.6 ± 0.11, 14.2 ± 0.17, 18.4 ± 0.11, 16.6 ± 0.15, 12.5 ± 0.13, 15.9 ± 0.10, and 13.1 ± 0.11 mm, and at 15 mg/mL showed 24.5 ± 0.09, 27.2 ± 0.12, 26.3 ± 0.17, 28.4 ± 0.10, 27.9 ± 0.16, 22.5 ± 0.13, 27.1 ± 0.10, and 24.1 ± 0.16 mm against Escherichia coli, Pasturella multocida (gram-negative), Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilus (gram-positive), Rhizopus solani, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Alternaria alternate (fungal strain), respectively, and dichloromethane showed a minimum inhibition zone as compared to other extracts against bacterial as well as fungal strains. Chloroform extract had maximum antioxidant activity (45.00 ± 0.08%) and minimum in dichloromethane (12.20 ± 0.04%). Cytotoxic activity was found maximum in acetone extract (19.83 ± 0.07%) and minimum in ethanol extract (4.72 ± 0.04%). It is concluded that phytochemicals like phenols, flavonoids, and others may be responsible for these activities, which is why this plant is used for traditional medicine. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Geranium pusillum has therapeutic properties that exhibit various biological activities beneficial for human health. G. pusillum has significant inhibitory effects against bacterial and fungal strains. Chloroform solvent extract indicates potential free radical scavenging abilities. Acetone extract exhibits notable effects on human red blood cells and demonstrates significant cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rafaqat Sarfraz
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Khadim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid H Alamer
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Houneida Attia
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneera A Saleh
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Asir Al-Robai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qamar Uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Iftikhar
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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20
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Gonçalves AC, Rodrigues S, Fonseca R, Silva LR. Potential Role of Dietary Phenolic Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current Reports. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:590. [PMID: 38794160 PMCID: PMC11124183 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex illness with both hereditary and environmental components. Globally, in 2019, 18 million people had RA. RA is characterized by persistent inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines the joints, cartilage loss, and bone erosion. Phenolic molecules are the most prevalent secondary metabolites in plants, with a diverse spectrum of biological actions that benefit functional meals and nutraceuticals. These compounds have received a lot of attention recently because they have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-rheumatoid activity by modulating tumor necrosis factor, mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases, as well as other preventative properties. This article discusses dietary polyphenols, their pharmacological properties, and innovative delivery technologies for the treatment of RA, with a focus on their possible biological activities. Nonetheless, commercialization of polyphenols may be achievable only after confirming their safety profile and completing successful clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Sofia Rodrigues
- Health Superior School, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3500-843 Viseu, Portugal;
| | - Rafael Fonseca
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Luís R. Silva
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
- CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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21
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Matera A, Dulak K, Werner H, Sordon S, Huszcza E, Popłoński J. Investigation on production and reaction conditions of sucrose synthase based glucosylation cascade towards flavonoid modification. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107287. [PMID: 38503024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme-based glycosylation is of great interest in the context of natural products decoration. Yet, its industrial application is hindered by optimisation difficulties and hard-to-standardise productivities. In this study, five sugar nucleotide-dependent glucosyltransferases from different origins (bacterial, plant and fungal) were coupled with soy sucrose synthase (GmSuSy) to create a set of diverse cascade biocatalysts for flavonoid glucosylation, which evaluation brought new insights into the field. Investigations into co-expression conditions and reaction settings enabled to define optimal induction temperature (25 °C) and uridine diphosphate (UDP) concentration (0.5 mM) for all tested pairs of enzymes. Moreover, the influence of pH and substrate concentration on the monoglucosylated product distribution was detected and analysed. The utilisation of crude protein extracts as a cost-effective source of catalysts unveiled their glycosidase activity against flavonoid glucosides, resulting in decreased productivity, which, to our knowledge, has not previously been discussed in such a context. Additionally, examination of the commercially available EziG immobilisation resins showed that selection of suitable carrier for solid catalyst production can be problematic and not only enzyme's but also reagent's properties have to be considered. Flavonoids, due to their complexation and hydrophobic properties, can adsorb on different types of surfaces, including divalent metal ions required for IMAC based immobilisation, necessitating detailed examination of the resins while the catalysis design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Matera
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kinga Dulak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Hanna Werner
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sandra Sordon
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Huszcza
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jarosław Popłoński
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
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22
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Hsieh YH, Hsu PH, Hu A, Cheng YJ, Shih TL, Chen JJ. Synthesis of Flavonols and Assessment of Their Biological Activity as Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2024; 29:2041. [PMID: 38731532 PMCID: PMC11085485 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of flavanols were synthesized to assess their biological activity against human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). Among the sixteen synthesized compounds, it was observed that compounds 6k (3.14 ± 0.29 µM) and 6l (0.46 ± 0.02 µM) exhibited higher potency compared to 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu, 4.98 ± 0.41 µM), a clinical anticancer drug which was used as a positive control. Moreover, compound 6l (4'-bromoflavonol) markedly induced apoptosis of A549 cells through the mitochondrial- and caspase-3-dependent pathways. Consequently, compound 6l might be developed as a candidate for treating or preventing lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hui Hsieh
- Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, School of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan; (P.-H.H.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Anren Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan;
| | - Yang-Je Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan; (P.-H.H.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Tzenge-Lien Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan; (P.-H.H.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, School of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Abstract
Ubiquitous environmental exposures increase cardiovascular disease risk via diverse mechanisms. This review examines personal strategies to minimize this risk. With regard to fine particulate air pollution exposure, evidence exists to recommend the use of portable air cleaners and avoidance of outdoor activity during periods of poor air quality. Other evidence may support physical activity, dietary modification, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, and indoor and in-vehicle air conditioning as viable strategies to minimize adverse health effects. There is currently insufficient data to recommend specific personal approaches to reduce the adverse cardiovascular effects of noise pollution. Public health advisories for periods of extreme heat or cold should be observed, with limited evidence supporting a warm ambient home temperature and physical activity as strategies to limit the cardiovascular harms of temperature extremes. Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure can be reduced by avoiding contact with perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance-containing materials; blood or plasma donation and cholestyramine may reduce total body stores of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances. However, the cardiovascular impact of these interventions has not been examined. Limited utilization of pesticides and safe handling during use should be encouraged. Finally, vasculotoxic metal exposure can be decreased by using portable air cleaners, home water filtration, and awareness of potential contaminants in ground spices. Chelation therapy reduces physiological stores of vasculotoxic metals and may be effective for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Bonanni
- Grossman School of Medicine (L.J.B.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
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24
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Law SK, Wu XX, Jiang Z, Tong CWS, Chow WYL, Au DCT. Pharmacological Activities of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Its Derivative-"Chrysoeriol" in Skin Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:1972. [PMID: 38731465 PMCID: PMC11085288 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Chrysoeriol is an active ingredient derived from the Chinese medicinal herb (CMH) "Lonicerae japonicae flos" in the dried flower bud or bloomed flower of Lonicera japonica Thunberg. Dermatoses are the most common diseases in humans, including eczema, acne, psoriasis, moles, and fungal infections, which are temporary or permanent and may be painless or painful. Topical corticosteroids are widely used in Western medicine, but there are some side effects when it is continuously and regularly utilized in a large dosage. Chrysoeriol is a natural active ingredient, nontoxic, and without any adverse reactions in the treatment of dermatological conditions. METHODS Nine electronic databases were searched, including WanFang Data, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Link, SciFinder, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), without regard to language constraints. The pharmacological activities of chrysoeriol from Lonicerae japonicae flos to fight against skin diseases were explained and evaluated through the literature review of either in vitro or in vivo studies. RESULTS Chrysoeriol decreased the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. These were transcriptionally regulated by NF-κB and STAT3 to combat skin inflammation. It also showed promising actions in treating many skin ailments including wound healing, depigmentation, photoprotection, and antiaging. CONCLUSION The cutaneous route is the best delivery approach to chrysoeriol across the skin barrier. However, toxicity, dosage, and safety assessments of chrysoeriol in a formulation or nanochrysoeriol on the human epidermis for application in skin diseases must be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Kan Law
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (C.W.S.T.); (W.Y.L.C.)
| | - Xiao Xiao Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Shenzhen 518056, China; (X.X.W.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Laboratory Medicine Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Shenzhen 518056, China; (X.X.W.); (Z.J.)
| | - Christy Wing Sum Tong
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (C.W.S.T.); (W.Y.L.C.)
| | - Wesley Yeuk Lung Chow
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (C.W.S.T.); (W.Y.L.C.)
| | - Dawn Ching Tung Au
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (C.W.S.T.); (W.Y.L.C.)
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25
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Bang JH, Jo IH, Sebastin R, Jeong WT, Oh S, Heo TY, Sung J, Hyun TK, So YS, Yu JK, AlGarawi AM, Hatamleh AA, Sung GH, Chung JW. Comparative Analysis of Polyphenolic Compounds in Different Amaranthus Species: Influence of Genotypes and Harvesting Year. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:501. [PMID: 38671947 PMCID: PMC11047707 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Amaranth is a nutritionally valuable crop, as it contains phenolic acids and flavonoids, yielding diverse plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) like phytosterol, tocopherols, and carotenoids. This study explored the variations in the contents of seventeen polyphenolic compounds within the leaves of one hundred twenty Amaranthus accessions representing nine Amaranthus species. The investigation entailed the analysis of phenolic content across nine Amaranthus species, specifically A. hypochondriacus, A. cruentus, A. caudatus, A. tricolor, A. dubius, A. blitum, A. crispus, A. hybridus, and A. viridis, utilizing ultra performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (UPLC-PDA). The results revealed significant differences in polyphenolic compounds among accessions in which rutin content was predominant in all Amaranthus species in both 2018 and 2019. Among the nine Amaranthus species, the rutin content ranged from 95.72 ± 199.17 μg g-1 (A. dubius) to 1485.09 ± 679.51 μg g-1 (A. viridis) in 2018 and from 821.59 ± 709.95 μg g-1 (A. tricolor) to 3166.52 ± 1317.38 μg g-1 (A. hypochondriacus) in 2019. Correlation analysis revealed, significant positive correlations between rutin and kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside (r = 0.93), benzoic acid and ferulic acid (r = 0.76), and benzoic acid and kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside (r = 0.76), whereas gallic acid showed consistently negative correlations with each of the 16 phenolic compounds. Wide variations were identified among accessions and between plants grown in the two years. The nine species and one hundred twenty Amaranthus accessions were clustered into six groups based on their seventeen phenolic compounds in each year. These findings contribute to expanding our understanding of the phytochemical traits of accessions within nine Amaranthus species, which serve as valuable resources for Amaranthus component breeding and functional material development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyoung Bang
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.B.); (R.S.); (T.k.H.)
| | - Ick-Hyun Jo
- Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Raveendar Sebastin
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.B.); (R.S.); (T.k.H.)
| | - Won Tea Jeong
- Residual Agrochemical Assessment Division, National Institue of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sangtaek Oh
- Department of Information Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (S.O.); (T.-Y.H.)
| | - Tae-Young Heo
- Department of Information Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (S.O.); (T.-Y.H.)
| | - Jeehye Sung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.B.); (R.S.); (T.k.H.)
| | - Yoon-Sup So
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (Y.-S.S.); (J.-K.Y.)
| | - Ju-Kyung Yu
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (Y.-S.S.); (J.-K.Y.)
| | - Amal Mohamed AlGarawi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (A.A.H.)
| | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (A.A.H.)
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Biomedical Institute of Mycological Resource, International St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.B.); (R.S.); (T.k.H.)
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Molayousefian I, Karim B, Hosseini SM, Moghadamnia AA, Kazemi S. Kaempferol alleviates bisphenol A reproductive toxicity in rats in a dose-dependent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 704:149674. [PMID: 38387328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including bisphenol A (BPA), are a major cause of male infertility by disrupting spermatogenesis. OBJECTIVE Here, we examined the potential protective benefits of kaempferol (KMF), a flavonol known for its antioxidant properties, on BPA-induced reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. METHODS Human skin fibroblast cells (HNFF-P18) underwent cell viability assays. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: 1) control, 2) BPA (10 mg/kg), 3,4) BPA, and different dosages of KMF (1 and 10 mg/kg). The study examined the rats' testosterone serum level, antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), oxidative markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), body weight, weight ratios of testis and prostate, and histopathological examinations. RESULTS The study revealed that using KMF to treat rats exposed to BPA increased cell viability. Moreover, the rats' testosterone levels, which BPA reduced, showed a significant increase after KMF was included in the treatment regimen. Treatment with BPA led to oxidative stress and tissue damage, but simultaneous treatment with KMF restored the damaged tissue to its normal state. Histopathology studies on testis and prostate tissues showed that KMF had an ameliorative impact on BPA-induced tissue damage. CONCLUSIONS The research suggests that KMF, a flavonol, could protect male rats from the harmful effects of BPA on reproductive health, highlighting its potential healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas Molayousefian
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Bardia Karim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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Li Y, Tian Y, Zhou X, Guo X, Ya H, Li S, Yu X, Yuan C, Gao K. Widely targeted metabolomics reveals differences in metabolites of Paeonia lactiflora cultivars. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298194. [PMID: 38625916 PMCID: PMC11020836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paeonia lactiflora contains diverse active constituents and exhibits various pharmacological activities. However, only partial identification of biologically active substances from P. lactiflora has been achieved using low-throughput techniques. Here, the roots of P. lactiflora, namely, Fenyunu (CK), Dafugui (DFG), and Red Charm (HSML), were studied. The primary and secondary metabolites were investigated using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESIMS/MS). METHODS The chemical compounds and categories were detected using broadly targeted UPLC-MS/MS. Principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were carried out for metabolites of different varieties of P. lactiflora. RESULTS A total of 1237 compounds were detected and classified into 11 categories. HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA of these metabolites indicated that each variety of P. lactiflora was clearly separated from the other groups. Differential accumulated metabolite analysis revealed that the three P. lactiflora varieties contained 116 differentially activated metabolites (DAMs) involved in flavonoid, flavone, and flavonol metabolism. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that, in 65 pathways, 336 differentially abundant metabolites (DMs) were enriched in the CK and DFG groups; moreover, the type and content of terpenoids were greater in the CK group than in the DFG group. The CK and HSML groups contained 457 DMs enriched in 61 pathways; the type and amount of flavonoids, terpenoids, and tannins were greater in the CK group than in the HSML group. The DFG and HSML groups contained 497 DMs enriched in 65 pathways; terpenoids and alkaloids were more abundant in the HSML variety than in the DFG variety. CONCLUSIONS A total of 1237 compounds were detected, and the results revealed significant differences among the three P. lactiflora varieties. Among the three P. lactiflora varieties, phenolic acids and flavonoids composed the largest and most diverse category of metabolites, and their contents varied greatly. Therefore, CK is suitable for medicinal plant varieties, and DFG and HSML are suitable for ornamental plant varieties. Twelve proanthocyanidin metabolites likely determined the differences in color among the three varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Li
- School of Life Sciences, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yingying Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiangmeng Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Huiyuan Ya
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Shipeng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiangli Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Congying Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Xu H, Yu S, Lin C, Dong D, Xiao J, Ye Y, Wang M. Roles of flavonoids in ischemic heart disease: Cardioprotective effects and mechanisms against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155409. [PMID: 38342018 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are extensively present in fruits, vegetables, grains, and medicinal plants. Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI/R) comprise a sequence of detrimental incidents following myocardial ischemia. Research indicates that flavonoids have the potential to act as cardioprotective agents against MI/R injuries. Several specific flavonoids, e.g., luteolin, hesperidin, quercetin, kaempferol, and puerarin, have demonstrated cardioprotective activities in animal models. PURPOSE The objective of this review is to identify the cardioprotective flavonoids, investigate their mechanisms of action, and explore their application in myocardial ischemia. METHODS A search of PubMed database and Google Scholar was conducted using keywords "myocardial ischemia" and "flavonoids". Studies published within the last 10 years reporting on the cardioprotective effects of natural flavonoids on animal models were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 55 natural flavonoids were identified and discussed within this review. It can be summarized that flavonoids regulate the following main strategies: antioxidation, anti-inflammation, calcium modulation, mitochondrial protection, ER stress inhibition, anti-apoptosis, ferroptosis inhibition, autophagy modulation, and inhibition of adverse cardiac remodeling. Additionally, the number and position of OH, 3'4'-catechol, C2=C3, and C4=O may play a significant role in the cardioprotective activity of flavonoids. CONCLUSION This review serves as a reference for designing a daily diet to prevent or reduce damages following ischemia and screening of flavonoids for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China
| | - Shenglong Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Chunxi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Dingjun Dong
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, PR China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense, Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Yanbin Ye
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China.
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The SV, Santiago JP, Pappenberger C, Hammes UZ, Tegeder M. UMAMIT44 is a key player in glutamate export from Arabidopsis chloroplasts. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1119-1139. [PMID: 38092462 PMCID: PMC10980354 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Selective partitioning of amino acids among organelles, cells, tissues, and organs is essential for cellular metabolism and plant growth. Nitrogen assimilation into glutamine and glutamate and de novo biosynthesis of most protein amino acids occur in chloroplasts; therefore, various transport mechanisms must exist to accommodate their directional efflux from the stroma to the cytosol and feed the amino acids into the extraplastidial metabolic and long-distance transport pathways. Yet, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) transporters functioning in plastidial export of amino acids remained undiscovered. Here, USUALLY MULTIPLE ACIDS MOVE IN AND OUT TRANSPORTER 44 (UMAMIT44) was identified and shown to function in glutamate export from Arabidopsis chloroplasts. UMAMIT44 controls glutamate homeostasis within and outside of chloroplasts and influences nitrogen partitioning from leaves to sinks. Glutamate imbalances in chloroplasts and leaves of umamit44 mutants impact cellular redox state, nitrogen and carbon metabolism, and amino acid (AA) and sucrose supply of growing sinks, leading to negative effects on plant growth. Nonetheless, the mutant lines adjust to some extent by upregulating alternative pathways for glutamate synthesis outside the plastids and by mitigating oxidative stress through the production of other amino acids and antioxidants. Overall, this study establishes that the role of UMAMIT44 in glutamate export from chloroplasts is vital for controlling nitrogen availability within source leaf cells and for sink nutrition, with an impact on growth and seed yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Vivia The
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - James P Santiago
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Clara Pappenberger
- Plant Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ulrich Z Hammes
- Plant Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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Wang W, Liu Q, Sun Y, Li D, Xu S, Lin L, Wang F, Li L, Li J. Radiation polymerization for the preparation of universal coatings: remarkable anti-fogging and frost-resisting performance. RSC Adv 2024; 14:10131-10145. [PMID: 38533095 PMCID: PMC10964754 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08542b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrophilic anti-fogging coatings have attracted considerable attention due to their ease of preparation and excellent fog resistance. In this study, a hydrophilic anti-fogging coating based on the random copolymer p(AA-co-SAS) was prepared using acrylic acid (AA) and sodium allylsulfonate (SAS) as monomers through radiation polymerization. The introduction of SAS successfully transformed the random copolymer from a gel state into a film-forming polymer solution. The presence of AA structural units in p(AA-co-SAS) improved the film-forming properties of the polymer solution. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the proportion of SAS structural units in the random copolymer and the scratch hardness and wetting properties of the coating. After coating polycarbonate (PC) sheets, the surface hydrophilicity was significantly enhanced, with the contact angle of PC-AA10/SAS5 decreasing from 100.1° to 18.8° within 50 seconds. The outstanding wetting properties endowed the coating with exceptional anti-fogging and frost-resisting performance. It exhibited optimal transparency under both testing conditions and demonstrated good stability during cyclic testing. Tape adhesion tests indicated that the adhesion between the coating and PC reached a 5B level. When AA10/SAS5 was applied to PET film, glass, and PMMA goggles, all samples showed excellent anti-fog performance. Even after being naturally placed for one year under ambient conditions, the PMMA goggles still maintained good performance in the anti-fog and frost resistance tests. The remarkable comprehensive properties of the polymer coating based on p(AA-co-SAS) suggest enormous potential applications in industries such as packaging, healthcare, and optical equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qi Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ying Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Danyi Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Lin Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Fangzheng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Linfan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Wuwei Institute of New Energy Gansu 733000 China
| | - Jihao Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Wuwei Institute of New Energy Gansu 733000 China
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Fernanda Arias-Santé M, Fuentes J, Ojeda C, Aranda M, Pastene E, Speisky H. Amplification of the antioxidant properties of myricetin, fisetin, and morin following their oxidation. Food Chem 2024; 435:137487. [PMID: 37827059 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin oxidation leads to the formation of a metabolite, 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone, whose antioxidant potency was recently reported to be a 1000-fold higher than that of its precursor. The formation of similar metabolites (BZF) is limited to certain flavonols (FL), among which are myricetin, fisetin, and morin. Here we addressed the consequences of inducing the auto-oxidation of these flavonols in terms of their antioxidant properties (assessed in ROS-exposed Caco-2 cells). The mixtures that result from their oxidation (FLox) exhibited antioxidant activities 10-to-50-fold higher than those of their precursors. Such amplification was fully attributable to the presence of BZF in each FLox (established by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and chemical subtraction techniques). An identical amplification was also found when the antioxidant activities of BZF, isolated from each FLox, and FL were compared. These findings warrant the search of these BZF in edible plants and their subsequent evaluation as a new type of functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernanda Arias-Santé
- Laboratory of Antioxidants, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Jocelyn Fuentes
- Laboratory of Antioxidants, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Camila Ojeda
- Laboratory of Antioxidants, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Mario Aranda
- Laboratory of Food & Drug Research, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Edgar Pastene
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Biotransformación de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile.
| | - Hernán Speisky
- Laboratory of Antioxidants, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Nawaz A, Walayat N, Khalifa I, Harlina PW, Irshad S, Qin Z, Luo X. Emerging challenges and efficacy of polyphenols-proteins interaction in maintaining the meat safety during thermal processing. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13313. [PMID: 38470221 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenols are well documented against the inhibition of foodborne toxicants in meat, such as heterocyclic amines, Maillard's reaction products, and protein oxidation, by means of their radical scavenging ability, metal chelation, antioxidant properties, and ability to form protein-polyphenol complexes (PPCs). However, their thermal stability, low polarity, degree of dispersion and polymerization, reactivity, solubility, gel forming properties, low bioaccessibility index during digestion, and negative impact on sensory properties are all questionable at oil-in-water interface. This paper aims to review the possibility and efficacy of polyphenols against the inhibition of mutagenic and carcinogenic oxidative products in thermally processed meat. The major findings revealed that structure of polyphenols, for example, molecular size, no of substituted carbons, hydroxyl groups and their position, sufficient size to occupy reacting sites, and ability to form quinones, are the main technical points that affect their reactivity in order to form PPCs. Following a discussion of the future of polyphenols in meat-based products, this paper offers intervention strategies, such as the combined use of food additives and hydrocolloids, processing techniques, precursors, and structure-binding relationships, which can react synergistically with polyphenols to improve their effectiveness during intensive thermal processing. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable source for food scientists, providing insights and recommendations for the appropriate use of polyphenols in meat-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Nawaz
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Noman Walayat
- College of Tea Science and Tea Culture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ibrahim Khalifa
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Egypt
| | - Putri Widyanti Harlina
- Department of Food Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Sana Irshad
- Institute for Advanced study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuodong Qin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofang Luo
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan, China
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Li Y, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Lv H, Liu K. Encapsulation and Characterization of Proanthocyanidin Microcapsules by Sodium Alginate and Carboxymethyl Cellulose. Foods 2024; 13:740. [PMID: 38472853 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins are important compounds known for their antioxidant and radical scavenging properties, but they are highly sensitive to light, heat, oxygen, and pH. In our study, proanthocyanidin was encapsulated using sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose to enhance controlled release, pH stability, metal ion tolerance, temperature resistance, time release, the microencapsulation of food additives stability, antioxidant capacity analysis, and the storage period tolerance of proanthocyanidin. Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) analysis and full-wavelength UV scanning indicated the successful immobilization of proanthocyanidins into the polymeric microcapsules. The flowability and mechanical properties of the microcapsules were enhanced. Moreover, proanthocyanidin microcapsules exhibited higher thermal, pH, metal ion, time, and microencapsulation food additive stability. In addition, due to their high antioxidant properties, the proanthocyanidin microcapsules retained a greater amount of proanthocyanidin content during the gastric phase, and the proanthocyanidin was subsequently released in the intestinal phase for absorption. Thus, the study provided a systematic understanding of the antioxidant capabilities and stability of proanthocyanidin microcapsules, which is beneficial for developing preservation methods for food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Li
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haoxin Lv
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kunlun Liu
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Miljković VM, Nikolić L, Mrmošanin J, Gajić I, Mihajilov-Krstev T, Zvezdanović J, Miljković M. Chemical Profile and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Rosa canina L. Dried Fruit Commercially Available in Serbia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2518. [PMID: 38473766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to give as much information as possible on Rosa canina dried fruit that is commercially available in Serbia. In order to provide the chemical composition, the UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method was employed for both polar and non-polar extracts of samples obtained with a solvent mixture consisting of hexane, acetone, and ethanol in a volume ratio of 2:1:1, respectively, and 0.05% (w/v) butylated hydroxytoluene. In addition, the total content levels of lycopene, β-carotene, total polyphenols, and flavonoids were determined by means of UV-vis spectrophotometry. The antioxidant activity was tested by applying four different methods: ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC. Overall, nine compounds were identified. The results of chemical composition analysis were used as the basis for the interpretation of the calculated results for the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The obtained results for R. canina dried fruit extract are as follows: β-carotene-7.25 [mg/100 g fruit weight]; lycopene-2.34 (mg/100 g FW); total polyphenol content (TPC)-2980 [mg GAE/kg FW]; total flavonoid content (TFC)-1454 [mg CE/kg FW]; antioxidant activity-ABTS 12.3 [μmol/100 g FW], DPPH 6.84, FRAP 52.04, and CUPRAC 15,425; and antimicrobial activity-Staphylococcus aureus MIC/MMC 4/0 [mg∙mL-1], Enterococcus faecalis 4/0, Bacillus cereus 4/0, Escherichia coli 4/0, Salmonella enteritidis 4/4, Enteroabacter aerogenes 4/0, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2/0, and Candida albicans 2/0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojkan M Miljković
- Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Ljubiša Nikolić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mrmošanin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Ivana Gajić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Mihajilov-Krstev
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Jelena Zvezdanović
- Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Milena Miljković
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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He F, Du Y, Pan Z, Zeng H, Luo H, Wang J, Sun Y, Li M. The composition of phenolic compounds in Chinese olive ( Canarium album L.) cultivars and their contribution to the anti-inflammatory properties of the cultivars. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1334077. [PMID: 38439923 PMCID: PMC10910046 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1334077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the phenolic compounds (PCs) present in three Chinese olive (Canarium album L.) cultivars and the contribution of these PCs to the anti-inflammatory activities of the cultivars. Methods Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive/MS) was used to identify and quantify the PCs present in three Chinese olive cultivars, "Na zhong," "Tan xiang," and "Xiang zhong". 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH); 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate) (ABTS); and oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) assays were used to assess the antioxidant activities of the PCs. Furthermore, we analyzed the anti-inflammatory action of these PCs using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Results A total of 44 PCs were identified in the three cultivars. Of these, 17 PCs were previously unidentified in Chinese olive. Among the cultivars, the free phenolics (FPs) of "Tan xiang" showed the strongest antioxidant activity. All cultivars have shown significant inhibition of TNF-α and IL-6 production. Clustering correlation analysis showed galloyl-bis-HHDP-glucose and paeonol have significant anti-inflammatory ability in FPs. Quininic, galloylquinic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and gallic acid hexoside have shown significant inhibition of IL-6 production in BPs. Furthermore, gallic acid, catechin, syringic acid, and nobiletin exhibit negative correlation in FPs and positive correlation in BPs of cytokine production, while corilagin and methyl ellagic acid pentoside exhibited opposite correlation. Conclusion In summary, this study contributed to the literature on PCs in Chinese olives and the potential health benefits of FPs and BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqing He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixuan Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuangguang Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huize Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haolin Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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López-Sánchez C, Lagoa R, Poejo J, García-López V, García-Martínez V, Gutierrez-Merino C. An Update of Kaempferol Protection against Brain Damage Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion and by 3-Nitropropionic Acid. Molecules 2024; 29:776. [PMID: 38398528 PMCID: PMC10893315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol, a flavonoid present in many food products, has chemical and cellular antioxidant properties that are beneficial for protection against the oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Kaempferol administration to model experimental animals can provide extensive protection against brain damage of the striatum and proximal cortical areas induced by transient brain cerebral ischemic stroke and by 3-nitropropionic acid. This article is an updated review of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of protection by kaempferol administration against brain damage induced by these insults, integrated with an overview of the contributions of the work performed in our laboratories during the past years. Kaempferol administration at doses that prevent neurological dysfunctions inhibit the critical molecular events that underlie the initial and delayed brain damage induced by ischemic stroke and by 3-nitropropionic acid. It is highlighted that the protection afforded by kaempferol against the initial mitochondrial dysfunction can largely account for its protection against the reported delayed spreading of brain damage, which can develop from many hours to several days. This allows us to conclude that kaempferol administration can be beneficial not only in preventive treatments, but also in post-insult therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen López-Sánchez
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lagoa
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Morro do Lena-Alto do Vieiro, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Joana Poejo
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
| | - Virginio García-López
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Pharmacology Area, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Virginio García-Martínez
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carlos Gutierrez-Merino
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
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Gao B, Zhu H, Liu Z, He X, Sun J, Li Y, Wu X, Pehrsson P, Zhang Y, Yu L. Chemical Compositions of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. (Huangqin) Extracts and Their Effects on ACE2 Binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein, ACE2 Activity, and Free Radicals. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2045. [PMID: 38396723 PMCID: PMC10888547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The water and ethanol extracts of huangqin, the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. with potential antiviral properties and antioxidant activities, were investigated for their chemical profiles and their abilities to interfere with the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2, inhibiting ACE2 activity and scavenging free radicals. A total of 76 compounds were tentatively identified from the extracts. The water extract showed a greater inhibition on the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2, but less inhibition on ACE2 activity than that of the ethanol extract on a per botanical weight concentration basis. The total phenolic content was 65.27 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry botanical and the scavenging capacities against HO●, DPPH●, and ABTS●+ were 1369.39, 334.37, and 533.66 µmol trolox equivalent (TE)/g dry botanical for the water extract, respectively. These values were greater than those of the ethanol extract, with a TPC of 20.34 mg GAE/g, and 217.17, 10.93, and 50.21 µmol TE/g against HO●, DPPH●, and ABTS●+, respectively. The results suggested the potential use of huangqin as a functional food ingredient in preventing COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Gao
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (B.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hanshu Zhu
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (B.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA (P.P.)
| | - Xiaohua He
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Jianghao Sun
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA (P.P.)
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Xianli Wu
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA (P.P.)
| | - Pamela Pehrsson
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA (P.P.)
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (B.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Liangli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Shen F, Wang T, Zhang R, Zhong B, Wu Z. Metabolism and release of characteristic components and their enzymatic mechanisms in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae co-fermentation. Food Chem 2024; 432:137227. [PMID: 37657346 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
A co-fermentation strategy was explored to rapidly improve the characteristic components and quality of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (PCR) using Monascus anka and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the enzymatic mechanism was investigated. The results showed that the free flavonoid content of fermented PCR was 48.12% higher than that of unfermented PCR after 12 days of co-fermentation, resulting in stronger antioxidant activity. d-Limonene, γ-terpinene, proline (Pro), arginine (Arg), and serine (Ser) contributed the most to the flavors of citrus, herb, and sweet citrus based on odor and taste activity value analysis. Metabolomics and multivariate statistics showed that 55 components were differentially metabolized during co-fermentation, and ten metabolic pathways were closely related to metabolism. Furthermore, five hydrolases participated in the release and conversion of the active ingredients. This study provides an effective processing method for PCR and is conducive to the development of new PCR functional health foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Pan Asia (Jiangmen) Institute of Biological Engineering and Health, Jiangmen 529080, China
| | - Renjie Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Zhong
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenqiang Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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39
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Jakimiuk K, Szoka Ł, Surażyński A, Tomczyk M. Using Flavonoid Substitution Status to Predict Anticancer Effects in Human Melanoma Cancers: An In Vitro Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:487. [PMID: 38339241 PMCID: PMC10854695 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin cancers are a dominant type of cancer that impacts millions per year. Cancer is a heterogeneous disease triggered by the irreversible impairment of cellular homeostasis and function. In this study, we investigated the activity of 37 structurally diverse flavonoids to find potentially active substances using two melanoma cell lines: C32 and A375. First, the cytotoxic potential and DNA biosynthesis inhibition of flavonoids were tested to determine the most active compounds in cancer and normal cells. Second, the molecular mechanism of the anticancer activity of flavonoids was elucidated using Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Compounds 1, 6, 15, and 37 reduced the viability of A375 and C32 cell lines via the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis, whereas 16 and 17 acted in a higher degree via the inhibition of DNA biosynthesis. In our experiment, we demonstrated the anticancer activity of compound 15 (5,6-dihydroxyflavone) for the first time. The in vitro studies pointed out the importance of the flavonoid core in hydroxyl groups in the search for potential drugs for amelanotic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jakimiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Szoka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Euroregional Center of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (Ł.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Arkadiusz Surażyński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Euroregional Center of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (Ł.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland;
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Purgatorio R, Boccarelli A, Pisani L, de Candia M, Catto M, Altomare CD. A Critical Appraisal of the Protective Activity of Polyphenolic Antioxidants against Iatrogenic Effects of Anticancer Chemotherapeutics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:133. [PMID: 38275658 PMCID: PMC10812703 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds, encompassing flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, rutin, and cyanidin) and non-flavonoids (e.g., gallic acid, resveratrol, and curcumin), show several health-related beneficial effects, which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiviral, and anticarcinogenic properties, as well as the prevention of coronary heart diseases. Polyphenols have also been investigated for their counteraction against the adverse effects of common anticancer chemotherapeutics. This review evaluates the outcomes of clinical studies (and related preclinical data) over the last ten years, with a focus on the use of polyphenols in chemotherapy as auxiliary agents acting against oxidative stress toxicity induced by antitumor drugs. While further clinical studies are needed to establish adequate doses and optimal delivery systems, the improvement in polyphenols' metabolic stability and bioavailability, through the implementation of nanotechnologies that are currently being investigated, could improve therapeutic applications of their pharmaceutical or nutraceutical preparations in tumor chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Purgatorio
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Angelina Boccarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Cosimo D. Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
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41
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Prieto Martínez A, Coutiño Diaz M, Anaya Romero L, Ali Redha A, Zare R, Ventura Hernandez S, Prokopidis K, Clifford T. Effects of Vaccinium berries (blueberries, cranberries and bilberries) on oxidative stress, inflammation, exercise performance, and recovery - a systematic review. Food Funct 2024; 15:444-459. [PMID: 38165220 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Exercise-induced muscle damage is common in athletes and recreational exercisers and can lead to muscle soreness, weakness, and impaired muscle function. The precise mechanisms are unclear but oxidative stress and inflammation are thought to play a role. (Poly)phenols are substances abundant in Vaccinium berries that have been suggested to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that could help improve exercise performance and/or recovery from exercise. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the benefits of Vaccinium berry supplementation on exercise performance and recovery, as well as on exercise-induced oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers in healthy individuals. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, ProQuest Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. Studies were included if the participants were healthy individuals who were supplemented with any Vaccinium berry or Vaccinium berry-based products in comparison to a control group. Of the 13 articles included in this review, no significant differences in the exercise performance were found and only one study reported benefits for markers of recovery. Interleukins and c-reactive protein were the most frequently reported biomarkers, but there was limited evidence that Vaccinium berry supplementation impacted them post-exercise. Most studies were of high quality and showed a low risk of bias. Vaccinium berry supplementation is not effective in modulating markers of exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative distress in healthy individuals; nevertheless, more studies are required to evaluate their effects on exercise performance and recovery in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Prieto Martínez
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey Campus Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Michelle Coutiño Diaz
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey Campus Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Lizette Anaya Romero
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey Campus Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ali Ali Redha
- The Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Reza Zare
- Meshkat Sports Complex, Karaj, Alborz Province, Iran
- Arses Sports Complex, Karaj, Alborz Province, Iran
| | | | - Konstantinos Prokopidis
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
- Society of meta-Research and Biomedical Innovation, London, UK
| | - Tom Clifford
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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42
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Ali M, Asghar E, Ali W, Mustafa G, Ansari IA, Zia S, Ansari SA, Khan S. Screening of Multitarget Compounds against Acetaminophen Hepatic Toxicity Using In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Approaches. Molecules 2024; 29:428. [PMID: 38257341 PMCID: PMC10821416 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy and multitarget drugs have recently attracted much attention as promising tools to fight against many challenging diseases and, thus, represent a new research focus area. The aim of the current project was to screen multitarget compounds and to study their individual and combined effects on acetaminophen-induced liver injury. In this study, 2 of the best hepatoprotective multitargeting compounds were selected from a pool of 40 major compounds present in Curcuma longa and Cinnamomum zeylanicum by using molecular docking, ADMET profiling, and Pfizer's rule of five. The two selected compounds, quercetin and curcumin, showed a high binding affinity for the CYP2E1 enzyme, MAPK, and TLR4 receptors that contribute to liver injury. The candidates caused the decreased viability of cancer cell lines (HepG2 and Huh7) but showed no effect on a normal cell line (Vero). Examination of biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin) showed the hepatoprotective effect of the candidate drugs in comparison with the control group, which was confirmed by histological findings. Taken together, quercetin and curcumin not only satisfied the drug-like assessment criterion and proved to be multitargeting by preventing liver damage but also showed anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (W.A.); (S.Z.)
| | - Esha Asghar
- Department of Biotechnology, Akhuwat Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology (A-FIRST), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Waqas Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (W.A.); (S.Z.)
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Irfan Aamer Ansari
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy;
| | - Saadiya Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (W.A.); (S.Z.)
| | - Siddique Akber Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sumaiya Khan
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, University “La Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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43
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Renz M, Rohn S, Hanschen FS. Thermal degradation and oxidation of glucosinolates in model systems and Brassica vegetable broth is mediated by redox-active compounds. Food Chem 2024; 431:137108. [PMID: 37595380 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GLSs) are secondary plant metabolites with health-promoting effects found in Brassica vegetables. Recently, next to non-enzymatic degradation yielding nitriles, 4-(methylthio)butyl GLS (4MTB-GLS) was shown to undergo side chain oxidation during thermal treatment, forming 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl GLS (4MSOB-GLS). Here, we investigated natural plant components and artificial analogs on their capability of altering the thermal reactivity of 4MTB-GLS in vegetable broths and model systems using buffers. Addition of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid caused varying effects: in broth samples, it increased nitrile formation, while in buffer, 4MSOB-GLS was formed. In further experiments, the antioxidant compounds quercetin and Trolox triggered the side chain oxidation of 4MTB-GLS, while H2S terminated its degradation. A synergistic effect of ascorbic acid and Fe2+ was observed, degrading 98% of 4MTB-GLS to the nitrile after 60 min of boiling. Deepening the understanding of factors that influence the non-enzymatic degradation of GLSs will help to preserve their health-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Renz
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e. V., Plant Quality and Food Security, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska S Hanschen
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e. V., Plant Quality and Food Security, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany.
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Ștefănescu BE, Socaci SA, Fărcaș AC, Nemeș SA, Teleky BE, Martău GA, Călinoiu LF, Mitrea L, Ranga F, Grigoroaea D, Vodnar DC, Socaciu C. Characterization of the Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Bog Bilberry ( Vaccinium uliginosum L.) Leaf Extracts Obtained via Various Extraction Techniques. Foods 2024; 13:258. [PMID: 38254559 PMCID: PMC10814626 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This investigation aimed to assess the chemical composition and biological activities of bog bilberry (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) leaves. Hydroethanolic extracts were obtained using four extraction techniques: one conventional (CE) and three alternative methods; ultrasound (UAE), microwave (MAE) and high-pressure (HPE) extractions. Spectrophotometric analysis was conducted to determine their chemical content, including the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Furthermore, their antioxidative and antimicrobial properties were evaluated. HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis identified and quantified 17 phenolic compounds, with chlorogenic acid being the predominant compound, with the lowest level (37.36 ± 0.06 mg/g) for the bog bilberry leaf extract obtained by CE and the highest levels (e.g., HPE = 44.47 ± 0.08 mg/g) for the bog bilberry leaf extracts obtained by the alternative methods. Extracts obtained by HPE, UAE and MAE presented TPC values (135.75 ± 2.86 mg GAE/g; 130.52 ± 1.99 mg GAE/g; 119.23 ± 1.79 mg GAE/g) higher than those obtained by the CE method (113.07 ± 0.98 mg GAE/g). Regarding the TFC values, similar to TPC, the highest levels were registered in the extracts obtained by alternative methods (HPE = 43.16 ± 0.12 mg QE/g; MAE = 39.79 ± 0.41 mg QE/g and UAE = 33.89 ± 0.35 mg QE/g), while the CE extract registered the lowest level, 31.47 ± 0.28 mg QE/g. In the case of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) antioxidant activity, the extracts from HPE, UAE and MAE exhibited the strongest radical scavenging capacities of 71.14%, 63.13% and 60.84%, respectively, whereas the CE extract registered only 55.37%. According to Microbiology Reader LogPhase 600 (BioTek), a common MIC value of 8.88 mg/mL was registered for all types of extracts against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) and Salmonella enterica (Gram-negative bacteria). Moreover, the alternative extraction methods (UAE, HPE) effectively inhibited the growth of Candida parapsilosis, in comparison to the lack of inhibition from the CE method. This study provides valuable insights into bog bilberry leaf extracts, reporting a comprehensive evaluation of their chemical composition and associated biological activities, with alternative extraction methods presenting greater potential for the recovery of phenolic compounds with increased biological activities than the conventional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Eugenia Ștefănescu
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.Ș.); (S.A.N.); (B.E.T.); (G.A.M.); (F.R.); (D.C.V.)
| | - Sonia Ancuța Socaci
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Anca Corina Fărcaș
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Silvia Amalia Nemeș
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.Ș.); (S.A.N.); (B.E.T.); (G.A.M.); (F.R.); (D.C.V.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Bernadette Emőke Teleky
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.Ș.); (S.A.N.); (B.E.T.); (G.A.M.); (F.R.); (D.C.V.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Gheorghe Adrian Martău
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.Ș.); (S.A.N.); (B.E.T.); (G.A.M.); (F.R.); (D.C.V.)
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lavinia Florina Călinoiu
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.Ș.); (S.A.N.); (B.E.T.); (G.A.M.); (F.R.); (D.C.V.)
| | - Laura Mitrea
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Floricuța Ranga
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.Ș.); (S.A.N.); (B.E.T.); (G.A.M.); (F.R.); (D.C.V.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Dan Grigoroaea
- Călimani National Park Administration, Șaru Dornei, 727515 Suceava, Romania;
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.Ș.); (S.A.N.); (B.E.T.); (G.A.M.); (F.R.); (D.C.V.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (C.S.)
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45
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Hu K, Zhu S, Wu F, Zhang Y, Li M, Yuan L, Huang W, Zhang Y, Wang J, Ren J, Yang H. Aureusidin ameliorates 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity via activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and preventing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway in SH-SY5Y cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110824. [PMID: 38056806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Movement disorder Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world after Alzheimer's disease, which severely affects the quality of patients' lives and imposes an increasingly heavy socioeconomic burden. Aureusidin is a kind of natural flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, while its pharmacological action and mechanism are rarely reported in PD. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of Aureusidin in PD. The present study demonstrated that Aureusidin protected SH-SY5Y cells from cell damage induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) via inhibiting the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant signaling pathway. Additionally, Aureusidin diminished dopaminergic (DA) neuron degeneration induced by 6-OHDA and reduced the aggregation toxicity of α-synuclein (α-Syn) in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans.) In conclusion, Aureusidin showed a neuroprotective effect in the 6-OHDA-induced PD model via activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and prevented mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway, and these findings suggested that Aureusidin may be an effective drug for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Susu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Fanyu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Minyue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
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Kumar R, Kumari VV, Gujjar RS, Kumari M, Goswami SK, Datta J, Pal S, Jha SK, Kumar A, Pathak AD, Skalicky M, Siddiqui MH, Hossain A. Evaluating the imazethapyr herbicide mediated regulation of phenol and glutathione metabolism and antioxidant activity in lentil seedlings. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16370. [PMID: 38188166 PMCID: PMC10771082 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The imidazolinone group of herbicides generally work for controlling weeds by limiting the synthesis of the aceto-hydroxy-acid enzyme, which is linked to the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plant cells. The herbicide imazethapyr is from the class and the active ingredient of this herbicide is the same as other herbicides Contour, Hammer, Overtop, Passport, Pivot, Pursuit, Pursuit Plus, and Resolve. It is commonly used for controlling weeds in soybeans, alfalfa hay, corn, rice, peanuts, etc. Generally, the herbicide imazethapyr is safe and non-toxic for target crops and environmentally friendly when it is used at low concentration levels. Even though crops are extremely susceptible to herbicide treatment at the seedling stage, there have been no observations of its higher dose on lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) at that stage. The current study reports the consequence of imazethapyr treatment on phenolic acid and flavonoid contents along with the antioxidant activity of the phenolic extract. Imazethapyr treatment significantly increased the activities of several antioxidant enzymes, including phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), phenol oxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-s-transferase (GST), in lentil seedlings at doses of 0 RFD, 0.5 RFD, 1 RFD, 1.25 RFD, 1.5 RFD, and 2 RFD. Application of imazethapyr resulted in the 3.2 to 26.31 and 4.57-27.85% increase in mean phenolic acid and flavonoid content, respectively, over control. However, the consequent fold increase in mean antioxidant activity under 2, 2- diphenylpicrylhdrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay system was in the range of 1.17-1.85 and 1.47-2.03%. Mean PAL and POD activities increased by 1.63 to 3.66 and 1.71 to 3.35-fold, respectively, in agreement with the rise in phenolic compounds, indicating that these enzyme's activities were modulated in response to herbicide treatment. Following herbicide treatments, the mean thiol content also increased significantly in corroboration with the enhancement in GR activity in a dose-dependent approach. A similar increase in GST activity was also observed with increasing herbicide dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Kumar
- Division of Plant Physiology & Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V. Visha Kumari
- Agronomy, Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ranjit Singh Gujjar
- Crop Improvement, Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mala Kumari
- Integral Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Goswami
- Crop Protection, Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradash, India
| | - Jhuma Datta
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Srikumar Pal
- Agricultural Biochemistry, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Jha
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwini Dutt Pathak
- Crop Improvement, Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
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47
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Sharma V, Arora A, Bansal S, Semwal A, Sharma M, Aggarwal A. Role of bio-flavonols and their derivatives in improving mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with pancreatic tumorigenesis. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3920. [PMID: 38269510 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria, a cellular metabolic center, efficiently fulfill cellular energy needs and regulate crucial metabolic processes, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Alteration in the mitochondrial functions leads to metabolic imbalances and altered extracellular matrix dynamics in the host, utilized by solid tumors like pancreatic cancer (PC) to get energy benefits for fast-growing cancer cells. PC is highly heterogeneous and remains unidentified for a longer time because of its complex pathophysiology, retroperitoneal position, and lack of efficient diagnostic approaches, which is the foremost reason for accounting for the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. PC cells often respond poorly to current therapeutics because of dense stromal barriers in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, which limit the drug delivery and distribution of antitumor immune cell populations. As an alternative approach, various natural compounds like flavonoids are reported to possess potent antioxidant and anticancerous properties and are less toxic than current chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, we aim to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the pharmacological properties of flavonols in PC in this review from the perspective of mitigating mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with cancer cells. Our literature survey indicates that flavonols efficiently regulate cellular metabolism by scavenging reactive oxygen species, mitigating inflammation, and arresting the cell cycle to promote apoptosis in tumor cells via intrinsic mitochondrial pathways. In particular, flavonols proficiently inhibit the cancer-associated proliferation and inflammatory pathways such as EGFR/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and nuclear factor κB in PC. Overall, this review provides in-depth evidence about the therapeutic potential of flavonols for future anticancer strategies against PC; still, more multidisciplinary human interventional studies are required to dissect their pharmacological effect accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinit Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankita Arora
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sakshi Bansal
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankita Semwal
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Mayank Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anjali Aggarwal
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Prado Y, Aravena D, Gatica S, Llancalahuen FM, Aravena C, Gutiérrez-Vera C, Carreño LJ, Cabello-Verrugio C, Simon F. From genes to systems: The role of food supplementation in the regulation of sepsis-induced inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166909. [PMID: 37805092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation includes a widespread immune response to a harmful stimulus that results in extensive systemic damage. One common example of systemic inflammation is sepsis, which is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Under the pro-inflammatory environment of sepsis, oxidative stress contributes to tissue damage due to dysfunctional microcirculation that progressively causes the failure of multiple organs that ultimately triggers death. To address the underlying inflammatory condition in critically ill patients, progress has been made to assess the beneficial effects of dietary supplements, which include polyphenols, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals that are recognized for their immuno-modulating, anticoagulating, and analgesic properties. Therefore, we aimed to review and discuss the contribution of food-derived supplementation in the regulation of inflammation from gene expression to physiological responses and summarize the precedented potential of current therapeutic approaches during systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Prado
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Aravena
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian Gatica
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe M Llancalahuen
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Aravena
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristián Gutiérrez-Vera
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Leandro J Carreño
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago, Chile.
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Guo F, Guo Y, Zhang D, Fu Z, Han S, Wan Y, Guan G. Luteolin inhibits the JAK/STAT pathway to alleviate auditory cell apoptosis of acquired sensorineural hearing loss based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and experiments in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 482:116790. [PMID: 38103742 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to explore the mechanisms of luteolin in acquired sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and experimental verification. METHODS First, the practices of network pharmacology were used to obtain the intersecting targets of luteolin and acquired SNHL, construct the PPI (Protein-Protein Interaction) network, conduct GO and KEGG enrichments, and establish luteolin-acquired SNHL-target-pathway network, aiming to gain the core targets and pathways. Then, the affinity between the core targets and luteolin was verified by molecular docking. Moreover, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was applied to simulate the binding between targets and luteolin. Finally, with the HEI-OC1 cell line, some molecular biology techniques were adopted to verify the pharmacological actions of luteolin and the significance of the pathway from KEGG enrichment in luteolin-protecting auditory cell damage related to acquired SNHL. RESULTS 14 intersecting targets were obtained, and the 10 core targets were further verified through molecular docking and MD simulation to get 5 core targets. The JAK/STAT was selected as the critical pathway through KEGG enrichment. Luteolin could dose-dependently alleviate auditory cell apoptosis by inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway, confirmed by a series of experiments in vitro. CONCLUSION This study manifested that luteolin could reduce acquired SNHL-related auditory cell apoptosis through the JAK/STAT pathway, which provided a new idea for acquired SNHL pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yingyuan Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dejun Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Zeming Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Shuang Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yining Wan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Guofang Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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50
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Mohammadgholi M, Hosseinimehr SJ. Crosstalk between Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Healthy and Cancerous Cells. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2751-2769. [PMID: 37026495 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230407104208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a unique modality in cancer treatment with no replacement in many cases and uses a tumoricidal dose of various ionizing radiation (IR) types to kill cancer cells. It causes oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or the destruction of antioxidant systems. On the other hand, RT stimulates the immune system both directly and indirectly by releasing danger signals from stress-exposed and dying cells. Oxidative stress and inflammation are two reciprocal and closely related mechanisms, one induced and involved by the other. ROS regulates the intracellular signal transduction pathways, which participate in the activation and expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Reciprocally, inflammatory cells release ROS and immune system mediators during the inflammation process, which drive the induction of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress or inflammation-induced damages can result in cell death (CD) or survival mechanisms that may be destructive for normal cells or beneficial for cancerous cells. The present study has focused on the radioprotection of those agents with binary effects of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms IR-induced CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mohammadgholi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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