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Park KT, Jo H, Jeon SH, Jeong K, Im M, Kim JW, Jung JP, Jung HC, Lee JH, Kim W. Analgesic Effect of Human Placenta Hydrolysate on CFA-Induced Inflammatory Pain in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1179. [PMID: 39338341 PMCID: PMC11435073 DOI: 10.3390/ph17091179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy of human placenta hydrolysate (HPH) in a mice model of CFA-induced inflammatory pain. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 are key pro-inflammatory cytokine factors for relieving inflammatory pain. Therefore, this study investigates whether HPH suppresses CFA-induced pain and attenuates the inflammatory process by regulating cytokines. In addition, the relationship between neuropathic pain and HPH was established by staining GFAP and Iba-1 in mice spinal cord tissues. This study was conducted for a total of day 28, and inflammatory pain was induced in mice by injecting CFA into the right paw at day 0 and day 14, respectively. 100 μL of 20% glucose and polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) and 100, 200, and 300 μL of HPH were administered intraperitoneally twice a week. In the CFA-induced group, cold and mechanical allodynia and pro-inflammatory cytokine factors in the spinal cord and plantar tissue were significantly increased. The five groups of drugs evenly reduced pain and gene expression of inflammatory factors, and particularly excellent effects were confirmed in the HPH 200 and 300 groups. Meanwhile, the expression of GFAP and Iba-1 in the spinal cord was increased by CFA administration but decreased by HPH administration, which was confirmed to suppress damage to peripheral ganglia. The present study suggests that HPH attenuates CFA-induced inflammatory pain through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine factors and protection of peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-Tae Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejoon Jo
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hyun Jeon
- Research and Development Center, Green Cross Wellbeing Corporation, Yongin 16950, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongsoo Jeong
- Research and Development Center, Green Cross Wellbeing Corporation, Yongin 16950, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Im
- Research and Development Center, Green Cross Wellbeing Corporation, Yongin 16950, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Kim
- Research and Development Center, Green Cross Wellbeing Corporation, Yongin 16950, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Jung
- Nuke Medical Society of Pain Research, Daejeon 35002, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoe Chang Jung
- Nuke Medical Society of Pain Research, Daejeon 35002, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hun Lee
- Nuke Medical Society of Pain Research, Daejeon 35002, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
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2
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Gannot N, Li X, Phillips CD, Ozel AB, Uchima Koecklin KH, Lloyd JP, Zhang L, Emery K, Stern T, Li JZ, Li P. A vagal-brainstem interoceptive circuit for cough-like defensive behaviors in mice. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1734-1744. [PMID: 38977887 PMCID: PMC11374482 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Coughing is a respiratory behavior that plays a crucial role in protecting the respiratory system. Here we show that the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in mice contains heterogenous neuronal populations that differentially control breathing. Within these subtypes, activation of tachykinin 1 (Tac1)-expressing neurons triggers specific respiratory behaviors that, as revealed by our detailed characterization, are cough-like behaviors. Chemogenetic silencing or genetic ablation of Tac1 neurons inhibits cough-like behaviors induced by tussive challenges. These Tac1 neurons receive synaptic inputs from the bronchopulmonary chemosensory and mechanosensory neurons in the vagal ganglion and coordinate medullary regions to control distinct aspects of cough-like defensive behaviors. We propose that these Tac1 neurons in the NTS are a key component of the airway-vagal-brain neural circuit that controls cough-like defensive behaviors in mice and that they coordinate the downstream modular circuits to elicit the sequential motor pattern of forceful expiratory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Gannot
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xingyu Li
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Ayse Bilge Ozel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - John P Lloyd
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lusi Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katie Emery
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tomer Stern
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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3
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Padmanaban V, Keller I, Seltzer ES, Ostendorf BN, Kerner Z, Tavazoie SF. Neuronal substance P drives metastasis through an extracellular RNA-TLR7 axis. Nature 2024; 633:207-215. [PMID: 39112700 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Tumour innervation is associated with worse patient outcomes in multiple cancers1,2, which suggests that it may regulate metastasis. Here we observed that highly metastatic mouse mammary tumours acquired more innervation than did less-metastatic tumours. This enhanced innervation was driven by expression of the axon-guidance molecule SLIT2 in tumour vasculature. Breast cancer cells induced spontaneous calcium activity in sensory neurons and elicited release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP). Using three-dimensional co-cultures and in vivo models, we found that neuronal SP promoted breast tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. Moreover, patient tumours with elevated SP exhibited enhanced lymph node metastatic spread. SP acted on tumoral tachykinin receptors (TACR1) to drive death of a small population of TACR1high cancer cells. Single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs) released from dying cells acted on neighbouring tumoural Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) to non-canonically activate a prometastatic gene expression program. This SP- and ssRNA-induced Tlr7 gene expression signature was associated with reduced breast cancer survival outcomes. Therapeutic targeting of this neuro-cancer axis with the TACR1 antagonist aprepitant, an approved anti-nausea drug, suppressed breast cancer growth and metastasis in multiple models. Our findings reveal that tumour-induced hyperactivation of sensory neurons regulates multiple aspects of metastatic progression in breast cancer through a therapeutically targetable neuropeptide/extracellular ssRNA sensing axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Padmanaban
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isabel Keller
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ethan S Seltzer
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin N Ostendorf
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zachary Kerner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Meneux L, Feret N, Pernot S, Girard M, Sarkis S, Caballero Megido A, Quiles M, Müller A, Fichter L, Vialaret J, Hirtz C, Delettre C, Michon F. Inherited mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by OPA1 mutation impacts the sensory innervation fibre identity, functionality and regenerative potential in the cornea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18794. [PMID: 39138286 PMCID: PMC11322642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are detrimental to organ metabolism. The cornea, transparent outmost layer of the eye, is prone to environmental aggressions, such as UV light, and therefore dependent on adequate mitochondrial function. While several reports have linked corneal defects to mitochondrial dysfunction, the impact of OPA1 mutation, known to induce such dysfunction, has never been studied in this context. We used the mouse line carrying OPA1delTTAG mutation to investigate its impact on corneal biology. To our surprise, neither the tear film composition nor the corneal epithelial transcriptomic signature were altered upon OPA1 mutation. However, when analyzing the corneal innervation, we discovered an undersensitivity of the cornea upon the mutation, but an increased innervation volume at 3 months. Furthermore, the fibre identity changed with a decrease of the SP + axons. Finally, we demonstrated that the innervation regeneration was less efficient and less functional in OPA1+/- corneas. Altogether, our study describes the resilience of the corneal epithelial biology, reflecting the mitohormesis induced by the OPA1 mutation, and the adaptation of the corneal innervation to maintain its functionality despite its morphogenesis defects. These findings will participate to a better understanding of the mitochondrial dysfunction on peripheral innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léna Meneux
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nadège Feret
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sarah Pernot
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mélissa Girard
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Solange Sarkis
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alicia Caballero Megido
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Melanie Quiles
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Agnès Müller
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Fichter
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier INSERM CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Vialaret
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier INSERM CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier INSERM CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cecile Delettre
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frederic Michon
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.
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5
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Zhu Y, Meerschaert KA, Galvan-Pena S, Bin NR, Yang D, Basu H, Kawamoto R, Shalaby A, Liberles SD, Mathis D, Benoist C, Chiu IM. A chemogenetic screen reveals that Trpv1-expressing neurons control regulatory T cells in the gut. Science 2024; 385:eadk1679. [PMID: 39088603 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Neuroimmune cross-talk participates in intestinal tissue homeostasis and host defense. However, the matrix of interactions between arrays of molecularly defined neuron subsets and of immunocyte lineages remains unclear. We used a chemogenetic approach to activate eight distinct neuronal subsets, assessing effects by deep immunophenotyping, microbiome profiling, and immunocyte transcriptomics in intestinal organs. Distinct immune perturbations followed neuronal activation: Nitrergic neurons regulated T helper 17 (TH17)-like cells, and cholinergic neurons regulated neutrophils. Nociceptor neurons, expressing Trpv1, elicited the broadest immunomodulation, inducing changes in innate lymphocytes, macrophages, and RORγ+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. Neuroanatomical, genetic, and pharmacological follow-up showed that Trpv1+ neurons in dorsal root ganglia decreased Treg cell numbers via the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Given the role of these neurons in nociception, these data potentially link pain signaling with gut Treg cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kimberly A Meerschaert
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Silvia Galvan-Pena
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Na-Ryum Bin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Himanish Basu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryo Kawamoto
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amre Shalaby
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen D Liberles
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diane Mathis
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christophe Benoist
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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6
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Melo-Carrillo A, Strassman AM, Broide R, Adams A, Dabruzzo B, Brin M, Burstein R. Novel insight into atogepant mechanisms of action in migraine prevention. Brain 2024; 147:2884-2896. [PMID: 38411458 PMCID: PMC11292906 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, we showed that while atogepant-a small-molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist-does not fully prevent activation of meningeal nociceptors, it significantly reduces a cortical spreading depression (CSD)-induced early response probability in C fibres and late response probability in Aδ fibres. The current study investigates atogepant effect on CSD-induced activation and sensitization of high threshold (HT) and wide dynamic range (WDR) central dura-sensitive trigeminovascular neurons. In anaesthetized male rats, single-unit recordings were used to assess effects of atogepant (5 mg/kg) versus vehicle on CSD-induced activation and sensitization of HT and WDR trigeminovascular neurons. Single cell analysis of atogepant pretreatment effects on CSD-induced activation and sensitization of central trigeminovascular neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus revealed the ability of this small molecule CGRP receptor antagonist to prevent activation and sensitization of nearly all HT neurons (8/10 versus 1/10 activated neurons in the control versus treated groups, P = 0.005). In contrast, atogepant pretreatment effects on CSD-induced activation and sensitization of WDR neurons revealed an overall inability to prevent their activation (7/10 versus 5/10 activated neurons in the control versus treated groups, P = 0.64). Unexpectedly however, in spite of atogepant's inability to prevent activation of WDR neurons, it prevented their sensitization (as reflected their responses to mechanical stimulation of the facial receptive field before and after the CSD). Atogepant' ability to prevent activation and sensitization of HT neurons is attributed to its preferential inhibitory effects on thinly myelinated Aδ fibres. Atogepant's inability to prevent activation of WDR neurons is attributed to its lesser inhibitory effects on the unmyelinated C fibres. Molecular and physiological processes that govern neuronal activation versus sensitization can explain how reduction in CGRP-mediated slow but not glutamate-mediated fast synaptic transmission between central branches of meningeal nociceptors and nociceptive neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus can prevent their sensitization but not activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Melo-Carrillo
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew M Strassman
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ron Broide
- Allergan, an Abbvie Company, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Aubrey Adams
- Allergan, an Abbvie Company, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | | | - Mitchell Brin
- Allergan, an Abbvie Company, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697USA
| | - Rami Burstein
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Huang YH, Lin SY, Ou LC, Huang WC, Chao PK, Chang YC, Chang HF, Lee PT, Yeh TK, Kuo YH, Tien YW, Xi JH, Tao PL, Chen PY, Chuang JY, Shih C, Chen CT, Tung CW, Loh HH, Ueng SH, Yeh SH. Discovery of a mu-opioid receptor modulator that in combination with morphinan antagonists induces analgesia. Cell Chem Biol 2024:S2451-9456(24)00272-1. [PMID: 39025070 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Morphinan antagonists, which block opioid effects at mu-opioid receptors, have been studied for their analgesic potential. Previous studies have suggested that these antagonists elicit analgesia with fewer adverse effects in the presence of the mutant mu-opioid receptor (MOR; S196A). However, introducing a mutant receptor for medical applications represents significant challenges. We hypothesize that binding a chemical compound to the MOR may elicit a comparable effect to the S196A mutation. Through high-throughput screening and structure-activity relationship studies, we identified a modulator, 4-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)-3-methylbenzoic acid (BPRMU191), which confers agonistic properties to small-molecule morphinan antagonists, which induce G protein-dependent MOR activation. Co-application of BPRMU191 and morphinan antagonists resulted in MOR-dependent analgesia with diminished side effects, including gastrointestinal dysfunction, antinociceptive tolerance, and physical and psychological dependence. Combining BPRMU191 and morphinan antagonists could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for severe pain with reduced adverse effects and provide an avenue for studying G protein-coupled receptor modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Han Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Research Center for Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chin Ou
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Po-Kuan Chao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chiao Chang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Fu Chang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Tse Lee
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Kuang Yeh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsien Kuo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Tien
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hua Xi
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0217, USA
| | - Pao-Luh Tao
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Shih
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Tung
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Horace H Loh
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0217, USA; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China.
| | - Shau-Hua Ueng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Shiu-Hwa Yeh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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8
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Zhu Z, Chambers S, Bhatia M. Substance P Promotes Leukocyte Infiltration in the Liver and Lungs of Mice with Sepsis: A Key Role for Adhesion Molecules on Vascular Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6500. [PMID: 38928206 PMCID: PMC11204161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Substance P (SP), encoded by the Tac1 gene, has been shown to promote leukocyte infiltration and organ impairment in mice with sepsis. Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) is the major receptor that mediates the detrimental impact of SP on sepsis. This investigation studied whether SP affects the expression of adhesion molecules, including intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) on vascular endothelial cells in the liver and lungs, contributing to leukocyte infiltration in these tissues of mice with sepsis. Sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery in mice. The actions of SP were inhibited by deleting the Tac1 gene, blocking NK1R, or combining these two methods. The activity of myeloperoxidase and the concentrations of ICAM1 and VCAM1 in the liver and lungs, as well as the expression of ICAM1 and VCAM1 on vascular endothelial cells in these tissues, were measured. The activity of myeloperoxidase and the concentration of ICAM1 and VCAM1 in the liver and lungs, as well as the expression of ICAM1 and VCAM1 on vascular endothelial cells in these tissues, increased in mice with CLP surgery-induced sepsis. Suppressing the biosynthesis of SP and its interactions with NK1R attenuated CLP surgery-induced alterations in the liver and lungs of mice. Our findings indicate that SP upregulates the expression of ICAM1 and VCAM1 on vascular endothelial cells in the liver and lungs, thereby increasing leukocyte infiltration in these tissues of mice with CLP surgery-induced sepsis by activating NK1R.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Madhav Bhatia
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (Z.Z.); (S.C.)
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Shen S, Wu C, Lin G, Yang X, Zhou Y, Zhao C, Miao Z, Tian X, Wang K, Yang Z, Liu Z, Guo N, Li Y, Xia A, Zhou P, Liu J, Yan W, Ke B, Yang S, Shao Z. Structure-based identification of a G protein-biased allosteric modulator of cannabinoid receptor CB1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321532121. [PMID: 38830102 PMCID: PMC11181136 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321532121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabis sativa is known for its therapeutic benefit in various diseases including pain relief by targeting cannabinoid receptors. The primary component of cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and other agonists engage the orthosteric site of CB1, activating both Gi and β-arrestin signaling pathways. The activation of diverse pathways could result in on-target side effects and cannabis addiction, which may hinder therapeutic potential. A significant challenge in pharmacology is the design of a ligand that can modulate specific signaling of CB1. By leveraging insights from the structure-function selectivity relationship (SFSR), we have identified Gi signaling-biased agonist-allosteric modulators (ago-BAMs). Further, two cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures reveal the binding mode of ago-BAM at the extrahelical allosteric site of CB1. Combining mutagenesis and pharmacological studies, we elucidated the detailed mechanism of ago-BAM-mediated biased signaling. Notably, ago-BAM CB-05 demonstrated analgesic efficacy with fewer side effects, minimal drug toxicity and no cannabis addiction in mouse pain models. In summary, our finding not only suggests that ago-BAMs of CB1 provide a potential nonopioid strategy for pain management but also sheds light on BAM identification for GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Shen
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu610212, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yangli Zhou
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuang Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaowen Tian
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqian Yang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Nihong Guo
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshan Li
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bowen Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu610212, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenhua Shao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu610212, Sichuan, China
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10
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Zhang M, Wang Z, Ding C. Pharmacotherapy for osteoarthritis-related pain: current and emerging therapies. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:1209-1227. [PMID: 38938057 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2374464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) related pain has affected millions of people worldwide. However, the current pharmacological options for managing OA-related pain have not achieved a satisfactory effect. AREAS COVERED This narrative review provides an overview of the current and emerging drugs for OA-related pain. It covers the drugs' mechanism of action, safety, efficacy, and limitations. The National Library of Medicine (PubMed) database was primarily searched from 2000 to 2024. EXPERT OPINION Current treatment options are limited and suboptimal for OA pain management. Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the recognized and first-line treatment in the management of OA-related pain, and other drugs are inconsistent recommendations by guidelines. Emerging treatment options are promising for OA-related pain, including nerve growth factor (NGF) inhibitors, ion channel inhibitors, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists. Besides, drugs repurposing from antidepressants and antiepileptic analgesics are shedding light on the management of OA-related pain. The management of OA-related pain is challenging as pain is heterogeneous and subjective. A more comprehensive strategy combined with non-pharmacological therapy needs to be considered, and tailored management options to individualized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changhai Ding
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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11
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Zhu Z, Chambers S, Bhatia M. Suppressing the Substance P-NK1R Signalling Protects Mice against Sepsis-Associated Acute Inflammatory Injury and Ferroptosis in the Liver and Lungs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:300. [PMID: 38539834 PMCID: PMC10967416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Substance P (SP), encoded by the TAC1/Tac1 gene, acts as a significant mediator in dysregulated systemic inflammatory response and associated organ injury in sepsis by activating the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). This study investigated the impact of SP-NK1R signaling on ferroptosis in the liver and lungs of mice with sepsis. Sepsis was induced by caecal ligation puncture (CLP) surgery in mice. The SP-NK1R signaling was suppressed by Tac1 gene deletion, NK1R blockade, and a combination of these two approaches. The physiological conditions of mice were recorded. The profile of the SP-NK1R cascade, inflammatory response, ferroptosis, and tissue histology were investigated in the liver and lungs. Several manifestations of sepsis occurred in Tac1+/+ mice during the development of sepsis. Notably, hypothermia became significant four hours after the induction of sepsis. In the liver and lungs of mice subjected to CLP surgery, the concentrations of SP and NK1R were upregulated. Additionally, the concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and chemokines (MCP-1 and MIP-2), were increased. Moreover, ferroptosis was elevated, as evidenced by increased concentrations of iron and MDA and reduced concentrations of GSH, Nrf2, and Gpx4. Suppressing the SP-NK1R cascade significantly mitigated CLP-surgery-induced alterations in mice. Importantly, these three approaches used to suppress SP-NK1R signaling showed similar effects on protecting mice against sepsis. In conclusion, increased SP-mediated acute inflammatory response and injury in the liver and lungs in mice with CLP-surgery-induced sepsis was associated with elevated ferroptosis. The detrimental effect of SP on sepsis was predominantly mediated by NK1R. Therefore, the suppression of increased SP-NK1R signaling and ferroptosis may be a promising adjuvant therapeutic candidate for sepsis and associated acute liver and lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (Z.Z.); (S.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teaching and Research Section, The Second Clinical Medical School of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362002, China
| | - Stephen Chambers
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (Z.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Madhav Bhatia
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (Z.Z.); (S.C.)
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12
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Tummino TA, Iliopoulos-Tsoutsouvas C, Braz JM, O'Brien ES, Stein RM, Craik V, Tran NK, Ganapathy S, Liu F, Shiimura Y, Tong F, Ho TC, Radchenko DS, Moroz YS, Rosado SR, Bhardwaj K, Benitez J, Liu Y, Kandasamy H, Normand C, Semache M, Sabbagh L, Glenn I, Irwin JJ, Kumar KK, Makriyannis A, Basbaum AI, Shoichet BK. Large library docking for cannabinoid-1 receptor agonists with reduced side effects. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.02.27.530254. [PMID: 38328157 PMCID: PMC10849508 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.530254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Large library docking can reveal unexpected chemotypes that complement the structures of biological targets. Seeking new agonists for the cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R), we docked 74 million tangible molecules, prioritizing 46 high ranking ones for de novo synthesis and testing. Nine were active by radioligand competition, a 20% hit-rate. Structure-based optimization of one of the most potent of these (Ki = 0.7 uM) led to '4042, a 1.9 nM ligand and a full CB1R agonist. A cryo-EM structure of the purified enantiomer of '4042 ('1350) in complex with CB1R-Gi1 confirmed its docked pose. The new agonist was strongly analgesic, with generally a 5-10-fold therapeutic window over sedation and catalepsy and no observable conditioned place preference. These findings suggest that new cannabinoid chemotypes may disentangle characteristic cannabinoid side-effects from their analgesia, supporting the further development of cannabinoids as pain therapeutics.
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13
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Bonelli F, Campestre F, Lasagni Vitar RM, Demirsoy IH, Fonteyne P, Ferrari G. Aprepitant Restores Corneal Sensitivity and Reduces Pain in DED. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:9. [PMID: 38345550 PMCID: PMC10866158 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to assess the efficacy of two aprepitant formulations (X1 and X2), in a preclinical model of dry eye disease (DED) induced by benzalkonium chloride (BAK). Methods Two aprepitant formulations were tested on 7 to 8-week-old male mice for their efficacy. In vivo corneal fluorescein staining assessed epithelial damage as the primary end point on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, and 14 using slit-lamp microscopy. The DED model was induced with 0.2% BAK twice daily for the first week and once daily for the next week. Mice were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups: Aprepitant X1 (n = 10) and X2 (n = 10) formulation, 2 mg/mL dexamethasone (n = 10), control vehicle X (n = 10), 0.2% hyaluronic acid (n = 10), or no treatment (n = 10). Eye wiping, phenol red, and Cochet Bonnet tests assessed ocular pain, tear fluid secretion, and nerve function. After 7 days, the mice were euthanized to quantify leukocyte infiltration and corneal nerve density. Results Topical aprepitant X1 reduced BAK-induced corneal damage and pain compared to gel vehicle X (P = 0.007) and dexamethasone (P = 0.021). Aprepitant X1 and X2 improved corneal sensitivity versus gel vehicle X and dexamethasone (P < 0.001). Aprepitant X1 reduced leukocyte infiltration (P < 0.05) and enhanced corneal nerve density (P < 0.001). Tear fluid secretion remained statistically unchanged in both the X1 and X2 groups. Conclusions Aprepitant formulation X1 reduced pain, improved corneal sensitivity and nerve density, ameliorated epitheliopathy, and reduced leukocyte infiltration in male mouse corneas. Translational Relevance Aprepitant emerges as a safe, promising therapeutic prospect for the amelioration of DED's associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Bonelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Cell Biology–Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology–Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fabiola Campestre
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ibrahim Halil Demirsoy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Philippe Fonteyne
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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14
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Morris AJ, Parker RS, Nazzal MK, Natoli RM, Fehrenbacher JC, Kacena MA, White FA. Cracking the Code: The Role of Peripheral Nervous System Signaling in Fracture Repair. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:193-204. [PMID: 38236511 PMCID: PMC10912155 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The traditionally understated role of neural regulation in fracture healing is gaining prominence, as recent findings underscore the peripheral nervous system's critical contribution to bone repair. Indeed, it is becoming more evident that the nervous system modulates every stage of fracture healing, from the onset of inflammation to repair and eventual remodeling. RECENT FINDINGS Essential to this process are neurotrophins and neuropeptides, such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and neuropeptide Y. These molecules fulfill key roles in promoting osteogenesis, influencing inflammation, and mediating pain. The sympathetic nervous system also plays an important role in the healing process: while local sympathectomies may improve fracture healing, systemic sympathetic denervation impairs fracture healing. Furthermore, chronic activation of the sympathetic nervous system, often triggered by stress, is a potential impediment to effective fracture healing, marking an important area for further investigation. The potential to manipulate aspects of the nervous system offers promising therapeutic possibilities for improving outcomes in fracture healing. This review article is part of a series of multiple manuscripts designed to determine the utility of using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn J Morris
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Reginald S Parker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Murad K Nazzal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Roman M Natoli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Fletcher A White
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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15
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MacDonald DI, Jayabalan M, Seaman J, Nickolls A, Chesler A. Pain persists in mice lacking both Substance P and CGRPα signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.15.567208. [PMID: 38076807 PMCID: PMC10705526 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.15.567208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptides Substance P and CGRPα have long been thought important for pain sensation. Both peptides and their receptors are expressed at high levels in pain-responsive neurons from the periphery to the brain making them attractive therapeutic targets. However, drugs targeting these pathways individually did not relieve pain in clinical trials. Since Substance P and CGRPα are extensively co-expressed we hypothesized that their simultaneous inhibition would be required for effective analgesia. We therefore generated Tac1 and Calca double knockout (DKO) mice and assessed their behavior using a wide range of pain-relevant assays. As expected, Substance P and CGRPα peptides were undetectable throughout the nervous system of DKO mice. To our surprise, these animals displayed largely intact responses to mechanical, thermal, chemical, and visceral pain stimuli, as well as itch. Moreover, chronic inflammatory pain and neurogenic inflammation were unaffected by loss of the two peptides. Finally, neuropathic pain evoked by nerve injury or chemotherapy treatment was also preserved in peptide-deficient mice. Thus, our results demonstrate that even in combination, Substance P and CGRPα are not required for the transmission of acute and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Iain MacDonald
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Monessha Jayabalan
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Jonathan Seaman
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Alec Nickolls
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Alexander Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
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16
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Mishra S, Rout M, Singh MK, Dehury B, Pati S. Illuminating the structural basis of human neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) antagonism through classical all-atoms molecular dynamics simulations. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1848-1869. [PMID: 37942587 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Advances in structural biology have bestowed insights into the pleiotropic effects of neurokinin 1 receptors (NK1R) in diverse patho-physiological processes, thereby highlighting the potential therapeutic value of antagonists directed against NK1R. Herein, we investigate the mode of antagonist recognition to discern the obscure atomic facets germane for the function and molecular determinants of NK1R. To commence discernment of potent antagonists and the conformational changes in NK1R, induced upon antagonist binding, state-of-the-art classical all-atoms molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in lipid mimetic bilayers have been utilized. MD simulations of structural ensembles reveals the involvement of TM5 and TM6 in tight anchoring of antagonists through a network of interhelical hydrogen-bonds, while, the extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) governs the overall size and nature of the pocket, thereby modulating NK1R. Consistent comparison between experiments and MD simulation results discerns the predominant role of TM3, TM4, and TM6 in lipid-NK1R interaction. Correlation between hydrophobic index and helicity of TM domains elucidates their importance in maintaining the structural stability in addition to regulating NK1R antagonism. Taken together, we anticipate that our computational study marks a comprehensive structural basis of NK1R antagonism in lipid bilayers, which may facilitate designing of new therapeutics against associated diseases targeting human neurokinin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbani Mishra
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Madhusmita Rout
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mahender Kumar Singh
- Data Science Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Budheswar Dehury
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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17
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Manion J, Musser MA, Kuziel GA, Liu M, Shepherd A, Wang S, Lee PG, Zhao L, Zhang J, Marreddy RKR, Goldsmith JD, Yuan K, Hurdle JG, Gerhard R, Jin R, Rakoff-Nahoum S, Rao M, Dong M. C. difficile intoxicates neurons and pericytes to drive neurogenic inflammation. Nature 2023; 622:611-618. [PMID: 37699522 PMCID: PMC11188852 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of healthcare-associated gastrointestinal infections1,2. The exaggerated colonic inflammation caused by C. difficile toxins such as toxin B (TcdB) damages tissues and promotes C. difficile colonization3-6, but how TcdB causes inflammation is unclear. Here we report that TcdB induces neurogenic inflammation by targeting gut-innervating afferent neurons and pericytes through receptors, including the Frizzled receptors (FZD1, FZD2 and FZD7) in neurons and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) in pericytes. TcdB stimulates the secretion of the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from neurons and pro-inflammatory cytokines from pericytes. Targeted delivery of the TcdB enzymatic domain, through fusion with a detoxified diphtheria toxin, into peptidergic sensory neurons that express exogeneous diphtheria toxin receptor (an approach we term toxogenetics) is sufficient to induce neurogenic inflammation and recapitulates major colonic histopathology associated with CDI. Conversely, mice lacking SP, CGRP or the SP receptor (neurokinin 1 receptor) show reduced pathology in both models of caecal TcdB injection and CDI. Blocking SP or CGRP signalling reduces tissue damage and C. difficile burden in mice infected with a standard C. difficile strain or with hypervirulent strains expressing the TcdB2 variant. Thus, targeting neurogenic inflammation provides a host-oriented therapeutic approach for treating CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Manion
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa A Musser
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gavin A Kuziel
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy Shepherd
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pyung-Gang Lee
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leo Zhao
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ravi K R Marreddy
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Ke Yuan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julian G Hurdle
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ralf Gerhard
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rongsheng Jin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Seth Rakoff-Nahoum
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meenakshi Rao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Min Dong
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Zhang BW, Dong H, Wu Z, Jiang X, Zou W. An Overview of the Mechanisms Involved in Neuralgia. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4087-4101. [PMID: 37745793 PMCID: PMC10516189 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s425966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuralgia is a frequently occurring condition that causes chronic pain and burdens both patients and their families. Earlier research indicated that anti-inflammatory treatment, which was primarily utilized to address conditions like neuralgia, resulted in positive outcomes. However, recent years have witnessed the emergence of various novel mechanisms associated with pain-related disorders. This review provides a concise overview of the inflammatory mechanisms involved in neuralgia. It also examines recent advancements in research, exploring the influence of ion channels and synaptic proteins on neuralgia and its complications. Additionally, the interactions between these mechanisms are discussed with the aim of suggesting innovative therapeutic approaches and research directions for the management of neuralgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Wen Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Dong
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zou
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Zheng Y, Wang N, Chen Z, Shi L, Xu X. Blocking SP/NK1R signaling improves spinal cord hemisection by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in rabbits. J Spinal Cord Med 2023; 46:848-858. [PMID: 35776091 PMCID: PMC10446800 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2021.2024029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) is the most common spinal cord injury in clinic, however its mechanism is still not fully understood. DESIGN We constructed the rabbit spinal cord hemisection (SCH) model and used RT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence experiments to explore the potential mechanism of SCI. SETTING The sham operation (SH) group, the observation (OB, which is the SCH) group, the OB+ substance p (SP) inhibitor group, the OB + NK1R inhibitor group, the OB + NK1R agonist group and the OB + SP inhibitor + NK1R agonist group. PARTICIPANTS New Zealand white rabbits. INTERVENTIONS Use NK1R inhibitors, NK1R agonists, SP inhibitors to treat the SCH model. OUTCOME MEASURES IL-1β, IKKγ, IL-6 and NF-κB. RESULTS The results showed that nissl bodies, inflammatory cells and SP increased notably in the spinal cord cells of the rabbit SCH model. Through in vivo experiments with SP or NK1R inhibitors or NK1R agonists, we found that inhibiting SP/NK1R signaling can help improve SCH by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IKKγ, IL-6 and NF-κB. REGISTERED TRIALS Animal experiments were approved by Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehuan Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nannan Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Bayless DW, Davis CHO, Yang R, Wei Y, de Andrade Carvalho VM, Knoedler JR, Yang T, Livingston O, Lomvardas A, Martins GJ, Vicente AM, Ding JB, Luo L, Shah NM. A neural circuit for male sexual behavior and reward. Cell 2023; 186:3862-3881.e28. [PMID: 37572660 PMCID: PMC10615179 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Male sexual behavior is innate and rewarding. Despite its centrality to reproduction, a molecularly specified neural circuit governing innate male sexual behavior and reward remains to be characterized. We have discovered a developmentally wired neural circuit necessary and sufficient for male mating. This circuit connects chemosensory input to BNSTprTac1 neurons, which innervate POATacr1 neurons that project to centers regulating motor output and reward. Epistasis studies demonstrate that BNSTprTac1 neurons are upstream of POATacr1 neurons, and BNSTprTac1-released substance P following mate recognition potentiates activation of POATacr1 neurons through Tacr1 to initiate mating. Experimental activation of POATacr1 neurons triggers mating, even in sexually satiated males, and it is rewarding, eliciting dopamine release and self-stimulation of these cells. Together, we have uncovered a neural circuit that governs the key aspects of innate male sexual behavior: motor displays, drive, and reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Bayless
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chung-Ha O Davis
- Stanford Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Renzhi Yang
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yichao Wei
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Joseph R Knoedler
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Taehong Yang
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Oscar Livingston
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Akira Lomvardas
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Ana Mafalda Vicente
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA 98109; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Jun B Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Departments of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Liqun Luo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nirao M Shah
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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21
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Florsheim EB, Bachtel ND, Cullen JL, Lima BGC, Godazgar M, Carvalho F, Chatain CP, Zimmer MR, Zhang C, Gautier G, Launay P, Wang A, Dietrich MO, Medzhitov R. Immune sensing of food allergens promotes avoidance behaviour. Nature 2023; 620:643-650. [PMID: 37437602 PMCID: PMC10432274 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its canonical function of protection from pathogens, the immune system can also alter behaviour1,2. The scope and mechanisms of behavioural modifications by the immune system are not yet well understood. Here, using mouse models of food allergy, we show that allergic sensitization drives antigen-specific avoidance behaviour. Allergen ingestion activates brain areas involved in the response to aversive stimuli, including the nucleus of tractus solitarius, parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala. Allergen avoidance requires immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies and mast cells but precedes the development of gut allergic inflammation. The ability of allergen-specific IgE and mast cells to promote avoidance requires cysteinyl leukotrienes and growth and differentiation factor 15. Finally, a comparison of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mouse strains revealed a strong effect of the genetic background on the avoidance behaviour. These findings thus point to antigen-specific behavioural modifications that probably evolved to promote niche selection to avoid unfavourable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther B Florsheim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Biodesign Institute, Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Nathaniel D Bachtel
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaime L Cullen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bruna G C Lima
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mahdieh Godazgar
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fernando Carvalho
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carolina P Chatain
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marcelo R Zimmer
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gregory Gautier
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS EMR8252, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS EMR8252, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marcelo O Dietrich
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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22
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Xie Y, Shi X, Xiao K, Zhou L, Shu T, Du H, Yang J, Hu G. Sequences analysis and pituitary actions of tachykinins in Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis). Gene 2023:147592. [PMID: 37356741 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Tachykinins belong to a large, evolutionarily conserved family of brain/gut peptides that are involved in a variety of physiological functions in mammals, such as reproductive regulation. However, little information was available about tachykinins in ancient fish lineage. In the present study, we firstly identified three tachykinin genes (named tac1, tac3 and tac4) and three neurokinin receptors (named nk1r, nk2r and nk3r) from Chinese sturgeon brain and pituitary. Sequence analysis showed that tac1 encoded substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA), tac3 encoded neurokinin B (NKB) and NKB-related peptide (NKBRP), and tac4 encoded hemokin 1 (HK-1) and hemokin 2 (HK-2), respectively. The luciferase reporter assay results showed that NK1R preferentially selected asSP, NK2R preferentially selected asNKA, and NK3R preferentially selected asNKB. Tissue expression analysis showed that the three tac genes were highly detected in the telencephalon and hypothalamus, whereas nkr genes were widely expressed in peripheral tissues. Spatio-temporal expression analysis showed that all three tac genes were highly expressed in unknown sex individuals. Intraperitoneal injection experiments showed that both asSP and asNKB could stimulate luteinizing hormone (LH) release in Chinese sturgeon serum. At the transcriptional level, asSP and asNKB could significantly reduce pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone beta (fshβ) mRNA expression, but induce pituitary growth hormone (gh) mRNA expression. In addition, estradiol (E2) could stimulate tac3 mRNA expression in hypothalamus. Taken together, this study provided information on the tachykinin family in Chinese sturgeon and demonstrates that asNKB and asSP could be involved in reproductive and growth regulation in pituitary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Xie
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China; Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China
| | - Kan Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China; Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Tingting Shu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China; Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China
| | - Hejun Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China; Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China; Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443100, China
| | - Guangfu Hu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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23
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Liu L, Tian Y. Capsaicin Changes the Pattern of Brain Rhythms in Sleeping Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:4736. [PMID: 37375291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The heat and capsaicin sensor TRPV1 ion channels were originally discovered in sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia, and later found in many other tissues and organs. However, whether TRPV1 channels are present in brain regions other than the hypothalamus has been a subject of debate. Here, we addressed this issue with an unbiased functional test by recording electroencephalograms (EEGs) to examine whether capsaicin injection directly into the rat lateral ventricle could alter brain electrical activity. We observed that EEGs during the sleep stage could be significantly perturbed by capsaicin, whereas EEGs during the awake stage did not show a detectable change. Our results are consistent with TRPV1 expression in selective brain regions whose activities are dominative during the sleep stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, No. 1 Ningde Road, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Yuhua Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, No. 1 Ningde Road, Qingdao 266073, China
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24
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Martins MS, Almeida IF, Cruz MT, Sousa E. Chronic pruritus: from pathophysiology to drug design. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115568. [PMID: 37116666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Pruritus, the most common symptom in dermatology, is an innate response capable of protecting skin against irritants. Nonetheless, when it lasts more than six weeks it is assumed to be a chronic pathology having a negative impact on people's lives. Chronic pruritus (CP) can occur in common and rare skin diseases, having a high prevalence in global population. The existing therapies are unable to counteract CP or are associated with adverse effects, so the development of effective treatments is a pressing issue. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CP are not yet completely dissected but, based on current knowledge, involve a wide range of receptors, namely neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), Janus kinase (JAK), and transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels, especially transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). This review will address the relevance of these molecular targets for the treatment of CP and molecules capable of modulating these receptors that have already been studied clinically or have the potential to possibly alleviate this pathology. According to scientific and clinical literature, there is an increase in the expression of these molecular targets in the lesioned skin of patients experiencing CP when compared with non-lesioned skin, highlighting their importance for the development of potential efficacious drugs through the design of antagonists/inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia S Martins
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isaobel F Almeida
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria T Cruz
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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25
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Starinets A, Tyrtyshnaia A, Manzhulo I. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Synaptamide in the Peripheral Nervous System in a Model of Sciatic Nerve Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6273. [PMID: 37047247 PMCID: PMC10093792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine (DHEA), or synaptamide, is an endogenous metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that exhibits synaptogenic and neurogenic effects. In our previous studies, synaptamide administration inhibited the neuropathic pain-like behavior and reduced inflammation in the central nervous system following sciatic nerve injury. In the present study, we examine the effect of synaptamide on the peripheral nervous system in a neuropathic pain condition. The dynamics of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (iba-1), CD68, CD163, myelin basic protein, and the production of interleukin 1β and 6 within the sciatic nerve, as well as the neuro-glial index and the activity of iba-1, CD163, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), substance P (SP), activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), are studied. According to our results, synaptamide treatment (4 mg/kg/day) (1) decreases the weight-bearing deficit after nerve trauma; (2) enhances the remyelination process in the sciatic nerve; (3) shows anti-inflammatory properties in the peripheral nervous system; (4) decreases the neuro-glial index and GFAP immunoreactivity in the DRG; (5) inhibits nNOS- and SP-ergic activity in the DRG, which might contribute to neuropathic pain attenuation. In general, the current study demonstrates the complex effect of synaptamide on nerve injury, which indicates its high potential for neuropathic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Igor Manzhulo
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.S.); (A.T.)
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26
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The Circadian Clocks, Oscillations of Pain-Related Mediators, and Pain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:511-523. [PMID: 35179680 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock is a biochemical oscillator that is synchronized with solar time. Normal circadian rhythms are necessary for many physiological functions. Circadian rhythms have also been linked with many physiological functions, several clinical symptoms, and diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the circadian clock appears to modulate the processing of nociceptive information. Many pain conditions display a circadian fluctuation pattern clinically. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge about the circadian clocks involved in diurnal rhythms of pain. Possible cellular and molecular mechanisms regarding the connection between the circadian clocks and pain are discussed.
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27
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Liu S, Liu S, Li S, Liang B, Han X, Liang Y, Wei X. Nerves within bone and their application in tissue engineering of bone regeneration. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1085560. [PMID: 36818724 PMCID: PMC9933508 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1085560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerves within bone play an irreplaceable role in promoting bone regeneration. Crosstalk between the nerve system and bone has arisen to the attention of researchers in the field of basic medicine, clinical medicine, and biomaterials science. Successful bone regeneration relies on the appropriate participation of neural system components including nerve fibers, signaling molecules, and neural-related cells. Furthermore, more about the mechanisms through which nerves took part in bone regeneration and how these mechanisms could be integrated into tissue engineering scaffolds were under exploration. In the present review, we aimed to systematically elaborate on the structural and functional interrelationship between the nerve system and bone. In particular, peripheral nerves interact with the bone through innervated axons, multiple neurotrophins, and bone resident cells. Also, we aimed to summarize research that took advantage of the neuro-osteogenic network to design tissue engineering scaffolds for bone repair.
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28
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Florsheim EB, Bachtel ND, Cullen J, Lima BGC, Godazgar M, Zhang C, Carvalho F, Gautier G, Launay P, Wang A, Dietrich MO, Medzhitov R. Immune sensing of food allergens promotes aversive behaviour. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.19.524823. [PMID: 36712030 PMCID: PMC9882358 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its canonical function in protecting from pathogens, the immune system can also promote behavioural alterations 1â€"3 . The scope and mechanisms of behavioural modifications by the immune system are not yet well understood. Using a mouse food allergy model, here we show that allergic sensitization drives antigen-specific behavioural aversion. Allergen ingestion activates brain areas involved in the response to aversive stimuli, including the nucleus of tractus solitarius, parabrachial nucleus, and central amygdala. Food aversion requires IgE antibodies and mast cells but precedes the development of gut allergic inflammation. The ability of allergen-specific IgE and mast cells to promote aversion requires leukotrienes and growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). In addition to allergen-induced aversion, we find that lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation also resulted in IgE-dependent aversive behaviour. These findings thus point to antigen-specific behavioural modifications that likely evolved to promote niche selection to avoid unfavourable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther B. Florsheim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA,Centre for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85284, USA,Correspondence: and
| | - Nathaniel D. Bachtel
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Jaime Cullen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Bruna G. C. Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 SP, Brazil,Centre for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85284, USA
| | - Mahdieh Godazgar
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Fernando Carvalho
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Gregory Gautier
- INSERM UMRS 1149; CNRS ERL 8252; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d’excellence INFLAMEX, Paris 75018, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- INSERM UMRS 1149; CNRS ERL 8252; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d’excellence INFLAMEX, Paris 75018, France
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Marcelo O. Dietrich
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute,Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Correspondence: and
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29
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Hallmarks of peripheral nerve function in bone regeneration. Bone Res 2023; 11:6. [PMID: 36599828 PMCID: PMC9813170 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal tissue is highly innervated. Although different types of nerves have been recently identified in the bone, the crosstalk between bone and nerves remains unclear. In this review, we outline the role of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in bone regeneration following injury. We first introduce the conserved role of nerves in tissue regeneration in species ranging from amphibians to mammals. We then present the distribution of the PNS in the skeletal system under physiological conditions, fractures, or regeneration. Furthermore, we summarize the ways in which the PNS communicates with bone-lineage cells, the vasculature, and immune cells in the bone microenvironment. Based on this comprehensive and timely review, we conclude that the PNS regulates bone regeneration through neuropeptides or neurotransmitters and cells in the peripheral nerves. An in-depth understanding of the roles of peripheral nerves in bone regeneration will inform the development of new strategies based on bone-nerve crosstalk in promoting bone repair and regeneration.
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30
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Ding X, Yu F, He X, Xu S, Yang G, Ren W. Rubbing Salt in the Wound: Molecular Evolutionary Analysis of Pain-Related Genes Reveals the Pain Adaptation of Cetaceans in Seawater. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:3571. [PMID: 36552490 PMCID: PMC9774174 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain, usually caused by a strong or disruptive stimulus, is an unpleasant sensation that serves as a warning to organisms. To adapt to extreme environments, some terrestrial animals have evolved to be inherently insensitive to pain. Cetaceans are known as supposedly indifferent to pain from soft tissue injury representatives of marine mammals. However, the molecular mechanisms that explain how cetaceans are adapted to pain in response to seawater environment remain unclear. Here, we performed a molecular evolutionary analysis of pain-related genes in selected representatives of cetaceans. ASIC4 gene was identified to be pseudogenized in all odontocetes (toothed whales) except from Physeter macrocephalus (sperm whales), and relaxed selection of this gene was detected in toothed whales with pseudogenized ASIC4. In addition, positive selection was detected in pain perception (i.e., ASIC3, ANO1, CCK, and SCN9A) and analgesia (i.e., ASIC3, ANO1, CCK, and SCN9A) genes among the examined cetaceans. In this study, potential convergent amino acid substitutions within predicted proteins were found among the examined cetaceans and other terrestrial mammals, inhabiting extreme environments (e.g., V441I of TRPV1 in cetaceans and naked mole rats). Moreover, specific amino acid substitutions within predicted sequences of several proteins were found in the studied representatives of cetaceans (e.g., F56L and D163A of ASIC3, E88G of GRK2, and F159L of OPRD1). Most of the substitutions were located within important functional domains of proteins, affecting their protein functions. The above evidence suggests that cetaceans might have undergone adaptive molecular evolution in pain-related genes through different evolutionary patterns to adapt to pain, resulting in greater sensitivity to pain and more effective analgesia. This study could have implications for diagnosis and treatment of human pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiaofang He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Shixia Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Wenhua Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China
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31
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Xie Z, Zhang X, Zhao M, Huo L, Huang M, Li D, Zhang S, Cheng X, Gu H, Zhang C, Zhan C, Wang F, Shang C, Cao P. The gut-to-brain axis for toxin-induced defensive responses. Cell 2022; 185:4298-4316.e21. [PMID: 36323317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
After ingestion of toxin-contaminated food, the brain initiates a series of defensive responses (e.g., nausea, retching, and vomiting). How the brain detects ingested toxin and coordinates diverse defensive responses remains poorly understood. Here, we developed a mouse-based paradigm to study defensive responses induced by bacterial toxins. Using this paradigm, we identified a set of molecularly defined gut-to-brain and brain circuits that jointly mediate toxin-induced defensive responses. The gut-to-brain circuit consists of a subset of Htr3a+ vagal sensory neurons that transmit toxin-related signals from intestinal enterochromaffin cells to Tac1+ neurons in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC). Tac1+ DVC neurons drive retching-like behavior and conditioned flavor avoidance via divergent projections to the rostral ventral respiratory group and lateral parabrachial nucleus, respectively. Manipulating these circuits also interferes with defensive responses induced by the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. These results suggest that food poisoning and chemotherapy recruit similar circuit modules to initiate defensive responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Xie
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychological Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xianying Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Zhao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Huo
- Innovation Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Laboratory, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Meizhu Huang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Laboratory, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xinyu Cheng
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huating Gu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Congping Shang
- Innovation Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Laboratory, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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32
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Fink EA, Xu J, Hübner H, Braz JM, Seemann P, Avet C, Craik V, Weikert D, Schmidt MF, Webb CM, Tolmachova NA, Moroz YS, Huang XP, Kalyanaraman C, Gahbauer S, Chen G, Liu Z, Jacobson MP, Irwin JJ, Bouvier M, Du Y, Shoichet BK, Basbaum AI, Gmeiner P. Structure-based discovery of nonopioid analgesics acting through the α 2A-adrenergic receptor. Science 2022; 377:eabn7065. [PMID: 36173843 PMCID: PMC10360211 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn7065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Because nonopioid analgesics are much sought after, we computationally docked more than 301 million virtual molecules against a validated pain target, the α2A-adrenergic receptor (α2AAR), seeking new α2AAR agonists chemotypes that lack the sedation conferred by known α2AAR drugs, such as dexmedetomidine. We identified 17 ligands with potencies as low as 12 nanomolar, many with partial agonism and preferential Gi and Go signaling. Experimental structures of α2AAR complexed with two of these agonists confirmed the docking predictions and templated further optimization. Several compounds, including the initial docking hit '9087 [mean effective concentration (EC50) of 52 nanomolar] and two analogs, '7075 and PS75 (EC50 4.1 and 4.8 nanomolar), exerted on-target analgesic activity in multiple in vivo pain models without sedation. These newly discovered agonists are interesting as therapeutic leads that lack the liabilities of opioids and the sedation of dexmedetomidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa A. Fink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jun Xu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Life and Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joao M. Braz
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Philipp Seemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Charlotte Avet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Veronica Craik
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dorothee Weikert
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian F. Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chase M. Webb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nataliya A. Tolmachova
- Enamine Ltd., 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Ukrainian Academy of Science, 02660 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Yurii S. Moroz
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Chemspace, Riga LV-1082, Latvia
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chakrapani Kalyanaraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Gahbauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Geng Chen
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Life and Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Life and Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Matthew P. Jacobson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John J. Irwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Yang Du
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Life and Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Brian K. Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Allan I. Basbaum
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Wuerfel T, Schmitz C, Jokinen LLJ. The Effects of the Exposure of Musculoskeletal Tissue to Extracorporeal Shock Waves. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051084. [PMID: 35625821 PMCID: PMC9138291 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a safe and effective treatment option for various pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. Many studies address the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of ESWT. However, to date, no uniform concept could be established on this matter. In the present study, we perform a systematic review of the effects of exposure of musculoskeletal tissue to extracorporeal shock waves (ESWs) reported in the literature. The key results are as follows: (i) compared to the effects of many other forms of therapy, the clinical benefit of ESWT does not appear to be based on a single mechanism; (ii) different tissues respond to the same mechanical stimulus in different ways; (iii) just because a mechanism of action of ESWT is described in a study does not automatically mean that this mechanism is relevant to the observed clinical effect; (iv) focused ESWs and radial ESWs seem to act in a similar way; and (v) even the most sophisticated research into the effects of exposure of musculoskeletal tissue to ESWs cannot substitute clinical research in order to determine the optimum intensity, treatment frequency and localization of ESWT.
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Rahban M, Danyali S, Zaringhalam J, Manaheji H. Pharmacological blockade of neurokinin1 receptor restricts morphine-induced tolerance and hyperalgesia in the rat. Scand J Pain 2022; 22:193-203. [PMID: 34525274 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The most notable adverse side effects of chronic morphine administration include tolerance and hyperalgesia. This study investigated the involvement of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) protein kinase Cɛ (PKCɛ) expression during chronic morphine administration and also considered the relationship between DRG PKCɛ expression and the substance P- neurokinin1 receptor (SP- NK1R) activity. METHODS Thirty-six animals were divided into six groups (n=6) in this study. In the morphine and sham groups, rats received 10 µg intrathecal (i.t.) morphine or saline for eight consecutive days, respectively. Behavioral tests were performed on days 1 and 8 before and after the first injections and then 48 h after the last injection (day 10). In the treatment groups, rats received NK1R antagonist (L-732,138, 25 µg) daily, either alone or 10 min before a morphine injection, Sham groups received DMSO alone or 10 min before a morphine injection. Animals were sacrificed on days 8 and 10, and DRG PKCɛ and SP expression were analyzed by western blot and immunohistochemistry techniques, respectively. RESULTS Behavioral tests indicated that tolerance developed following eight days of chronic morphine injection. Hyperalgesia was induced 48 h after the last morphine injection. Expression of SP and PKCɛ in DRG significantly increased in rats that developed morphine tolerance on day 8 and hyperalgesia on day 10, respectively. NK1R antagonist (L-732,138) not only blocked the development of hyperalgesia and the increase of PKCɛ expression but also alleviated morphine tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that DRG PKCɛ and SP-NK1R most likely participated in the generation of morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia. Pharmacological inhibition of SP-NK1R activity in the spinal cord suggests a role for NK1R and in restricting some side effects of chronic morphine. All experiments were performed by the National Institute of Health (NIH) Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publication No. 80-23, revised1996) and were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (IR.SBMU.MSP.REC.1396.130).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rahban
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Danyali
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Zaringhalam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Manaheji
- Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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35
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Wang F, Li H, Mu Q, Shan L, Kang Y, Yang S, Chang HC, Su KP, Liu Y. Association of Acute Postoperative Pain and Cigarette Smoking With Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Beta-Endorphin and Substance P. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:755799. [PMID: 35177964 PMCID: PMC8845024 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.755799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Cigarette smoking is associated with postoperative pain perception, which might be mediated by beta-endorphin and substance P. These effects on postoperative pain perception have never been investigated in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which reflects biochemical alterations in the brain. Therefore, we investigated the associations among cigarette smoking, postoperative pain, and levels of beta-endorphin and substance P in human CSF. Methods: We recruited 160 Chinese men (80 active smokers and 80 nonsmokers) who underwent lumbar puncture before anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, and 5-ml CSF samples were collected. Pain visual analog scale (VAS) scores, post-anesthetic recovery duration (PARD), and smoking variables were obtained. CSF levels of beta-endorphin and substance P were measured. Results: Compared to non-smokers, active smokers had significantly higher pain VAS (2.40 ± 0.67 vs. 1.70 ± 0.86, p < 0.001) and PARD scores (9.13 ± 2.11 vs. 7.27 ± 1.35, p = 0.001), lower CSF beta-endorphin (33.76 ± 1.77 vs. 35.66 ± 2.20, p = 0.001) and higher CSF substance P (2,124.46 ± 217.34 vs. 1,817.65 ± 302.14, p < 0.001) levels. Pain VAS scores correlated with PARD in active smokers (r = 0.443, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Cigarette smoking is associated with increased postoperative pain intensity, shown by delayed pain perception, higher pain VAS scores, and lower beta-endorphin and higher substance P levels in the CSF of active smokers. The more extended postoperative pain perception is delayed, the more pain intensity increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorder Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qingshuang Mu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorder Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ligang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Yimin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Shizhuo Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui-Chih Chang
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Yanlong Liu Kuan-Pin Su
| | - Yanlong Liu
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanlong Liu Kuan-Pin Su
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36
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Wistrom E, Chase R, Smith PR, Campbell ZT. A compendium of validated pain genes. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1570. [PMID: 35760453 PMCID: PMC9787016 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel pain therapeutics hinges on the identification and rigorous validation of potential targets. Model organisms provide a means to test the involvement of specific genes and regulatory elements in pain. Here we provide a list of genes linked to pain-associated behaviors. We capitalize on results spanning over three decades to identify a set of 242 genes. They support a remarkable diversity of functions spanning action potential propagation, immune response, GPCR signaling, enzymatic catalysis, nucleic acid regulation, and intercellular signaling. Making use of existing tissue and single-cell high-throughput RNA sequencing datasets, we examine their patterns of expression. For each gene class, we discuss archetypal members, with an emphasis on opportunities for additional experimentation. Finally, we discuss how powerful and increasingly ubiquitous forward genetic screening approaches could be used to improve our ability to identify pain genes. This article is categorized under: Neurological Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wistrom
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Texas at DallasRichardsonTexasUSA
| | - Rebecca Chase
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Texas at DallasRichardsonTexasUSA
| | - Patrick R. Smith
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Texas at DallasRichardsonTexasUSA
| | - Zachary T. Campbell
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Texas at DallasRichardsonTexasUSA,Center for Advanced Pain StudiesUniversity of Texas at DallasRichardsonTexasUSA
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Spekker E, Tanaka M, Szabó Á, Vécsei L. Neurogenic Inflammation: The Participant in Migraine and Recent Advancements in Translational Research. Biomedicines 2021; 10:76. [PMID: 35052756 PMCID: PMC8773152 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by a unilateral, throbbing, pulsing headache, which lasts for hours to days, and the pain can interfere with daily activities. It exhibits various symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, sound, and odors, and physical activity consistently contributes to worsening pain. Despite the intensive research, little is still known about the pathomechanism of migraine. It is widely accepted that migraine involves activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular system. It leads to the release of several pro-inflammatory neuropeptides and neurotransmitters and causes a cascade of inflammatory tissue responses, including vasodilation, plasma extravasation secondary to capillary leakage, edema, and mast cell degranulation. Convincing evidence obtained in rodent models suggests that neurogenic inflammation is assumed to contribute to the development of a migraine attack. Chemical stimulation of the dura mater triggers activation and sensitization of the trigeminal system and causes numerous molecular and behavioral changes; therefore, this is a relevant animal model of acute migraine. This narrative review discusses the emerging evidence supporting the involvement of neurogenic inflammation and neuropeptides in the pathophysiology of migraine, presenting the most recent advances in preclinical research and the novel therapeutic approaches to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonóra Spekker
- Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged (MTA-SZTE), H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged (MTA-SZTE), H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.S.); (M.T.)
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Ágnes Szabó
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - László Vécsei
- Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged (MTA-SZTE), H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.S.); (M.T.)
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
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38
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Abstract
Itch is one of the most primal sensations, being both ubiquitous and important for the well-being of animals. For more than a century, a desire to understand how itch is encoded by the nervous system has prompted the advancement of many theories. Within the past 15 years, our understanding of the molecular and neural mechanisms of itch has undergone a major transformation, and this remarkable progress continues today without any sign of abating. Here I describe accumulating evidence that indicates that itch is distinguished from pain through the actions of itch-specific neuropeptides that relay itch information to the spinal cord. According to this model, classical neurotransmitters transmit, inhibit and modulate itch information in a context-, space- and time-dependent manner but do not encode itch specificity. Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is proposed to be a key itch-specific neuropeptide, with spinal neurons expressing GRP receptor (GRPR) functioning as a key part of a convergent circuit for the conveyance of peripheral itch information to the brain.
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39
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Perucca Orfei C, Bowles AC, Kouroupis D, Willman MA, Ragni E, Kaplan LD, Best TM, Correa D, de Girolamo L. Human Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cell Features and Functionality Are Highly Influenced by in vitro Culture Conditions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:711964. [PMID: 34616717 PMCID: PMC8488466 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.711964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of tendon biology continues to evolve, thus leading to opportunities for developing novel, evidence-based effective therapies for the treatment of tendon disorders. Implementing the knowledge of tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) and assessing their potential in enhancing tendon repair could fill an important gap in this regard. We described different molecular and phenotypic profiles of TSPCs modulated by culture density, as well as their multipotency and secretory activities. Moreover, in the same experimental setting, we evaluated for different responses to inflammatory stimuli mediated by TNFα and IFNγ. We also preliminarily investigated their immunomodulatory activity and their role in regulating degradation of substance P. Our findings indicated that TSPCs cultured at low density (LD) exhibited cobblestone morphology and a reduced propensity to differentiate. A distinctive immunophenotypic profile was also observed with high secretory and promising immunomodulatory responses when primed with TNFα and IFNγ. In contrast, TSPCs cultured at high density (HD) showed a more elongated fibroblast-like morphology, a greater adipogenic differentiation potential, and a higher expression of tendon-related genes with respect to LD. Finally, HD TSPCs showed immunomodulatory potential when primed with TNFα and IFNγ, which was slightly lower than that shown by LD. A shift from low to high culture density during TSPC expansion demonstrated intermediate features confirming the cellular adaptability of TSPCs. Taken together, these experiments allowed us to identify relevant differences in TSPCs based on culture conditions. This ability of TSPCs to acquire distinguished morphology, phenotype, gene expression profile, and functional response advances our current understanding of tendons at a cellular level and suggests responsivity to cues in their in situ microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Perucca Orfei
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Annie C Bowles
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplantation Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplantation Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Melissa A Willman
- Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplantation Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Enrico Ragni
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Lee D Kaplan
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Thomas M Best
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Diego Correa
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplantation Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
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40
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Vice EN, Lagestee S, Browe BM, Deb D, Smith ESJ, Park TJ. Sensory Systems of the African Naked Mole-Rat. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1319:137-156. [PMID: 34424515 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65943-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Naked mole-rats share some sensory characteristics with other subterraneans, including lack of object vision, retention of the ability to entrain their circadian rhythm to light, and poor hearing. On the other hand, a characteristic that may be specialized in the naked mole-rat is their exquisite orienting responses to the touch of even a single body vibrissa. They have about 100 whisker-like body vibrissae on their otherwise furless bodies. They are also insensitive to chemical and inflammatory pain, likely an adaptation to living in an atmosphere that is high in carbon dioxide, a result of many respiring individuals driving carbon dioxide accumulation. Naked mole-rats have the highest population density among subterranean mammals. High levels of carbon dioxide cause tissue acidosis and associated pain. Remarkably, naked mole-rats are completely immune to carbon dioxide-induced pulmonary edema. However, they retain the ability to detect acid as a taste (sour). Finally, their ability to smell and discriminate odors is comparable to that of rats and mice, but their vomeronasal organ, associated with sensing pheromones, is extremely small and shows a complete lack of post-natal growth. In this chapter, we review what is known about the sensory systems of the naked mole-rat with emphasis on how they differ from other mammals, and even other subterraneans. More extensive accounts of the naked mole-rat's auditory and pain systems can be found in other chapters of this book.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Vice
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samantha Lagestee
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brigitte M Browe
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deblina Deb
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Kids In Motion Pediatric Therapy Services, Highland, MI, USA
| | - Ewan St J Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas J Park
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Xue P, Wang S, Lyu X, Wan M, Li X, Ma L, Ford NC, Li Y, Guan Y, Ding W, Cao X. PGE2/EP4 skeleton interoception activity reduces vertebral endplate porosity and spinal pain with low-dose celecoxib. Bone Res 2021; 9:36. [PMID: 34334792 PMCID: PMC8326284 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00155-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal interoception regulates bone homeostasis through the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration in bone. Vertebral endplates undergo ossification and become highly porous during intervertebral disc degeneration and aging. We found that the PGE2 concentration was elevated in porous endplates to generate spinal pain. Importantly, treatment with a high-dose cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (celecoxib, 80 mg·kg−1 per day) decreased the prostaglandin E2 concentration and attenuated spinal pain in mice with lumbar spine instability. However, this treatment impaired bone formation in porous endplates, and spinal pain recurred after discontinuing the treatment. Interestingly, low-dose celecoxib (20 mg·kg−1 per day, which is equivalent to one-quarter of the clinical maximum dosage) induced a latent inhibition of spinal pain at 3 weeks post-treatment, which persisted even after discontinuing treatment. Furthermore, when the prostaglandin E2 concentration was maintained at the physiological level with low-dose celecoxib, endplate porosity was reduced significantly, which was associated with decreased sensory nerve innervation and spinal pain. These findings suggest that low-dose celecoxib may help to maintain skeletal interoception and decrease vertebral endplate porosity, thereby reducing sensory innervation and spinal pain in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Shenyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiao Lyu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xialin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Neil C Ford
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yukun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yun Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wenyuan Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Recio R, Lerena P, Pozo E, Calderón-Montaño JM, Burgos-Morón E, López-Lázaro M, Valdivia V, Pernia Leal M, Mouillac B, Organero JÁ, Khiar N, Fernández I. Carbohydrate-Based NK1R Antagonists with Broad-Spectrum Anticancer Activity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10350-10370. [PMID: 34236855 PMCID: PMC8529873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
NK1R antagonists, investigated for the treatment of several pathologies, have shown encouraging results in the treatment of several cancers. In the present study, we report on the synthesis of carbohydrate-based NK1R antagonists and their evaluation as anticancer agents against a wide range of cancer cells. All of the prepared compounds, derived from either d-galactose or l-arabinose, have shown high affinity and NK1R antagonistic activity with a broad-spectrum anticancer activity and an important selectivity, comparable to Cisplatin. This strategy has allowed us to identify the galactosyl derivative 14α, as an interesting hit exhibiting significant NK1R antagonist effect (kinact 0.209 ± 0.103 μM) and high binding affinity for NK1R (IC50 = 50.4 nM, Ki = 22.4 nM by measuring the displacement of [125I] SP from NK1R). Interestingly, this galactosyl derivative has shown marked selective cytotoxic activity against 12 different types of cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Recio
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad
de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González,
2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Patricia Lerena
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad
de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González,
2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Esther Pozo
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad
de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González,
2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Manuel Calderón-Montaño
- Departamento
de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Estefanía Burgos-Morón
- Departamento
de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel López-Lázaro
- Departamento
de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Victoria Valdivia
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad
de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González,
2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Pernia Leal
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad
de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González,
2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Bernard Mouillac
- Institut
de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), INSERM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Juan Ángel Organero
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales
y Bioquímicas and INAMOL, Universidad
de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Noureddine Khiar
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, 49, Isla de la
Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Fernández
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad
de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González,
2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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Althaqafi RMM, Assiri SA, Aloufi RA, Althobaiti F, Althobaiti B, Al Adwani M. A case report and literature review of heterotopic mesenteric ossification. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 82:105905. [PMID: 33962265 PMCID: PMC8113807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.105905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Heterotopic mesenteric ossification is a benign bony tissue growth in the mesentery that mostly follows repetitive or severe abdominal injuries leading to reactive bone formation in the mesentery. There are only 73 cases (51 publications) identified in the literature up to the beginning of 2020. Case presentation 45-year-old Saudi male underwent multiple laparotomies to manage complicated appendicitis which ended with a diverting ileostomy and a colostomy as a mucus fistula. After 9 months, the patient was admitted to the General Surgery department in Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital for an open ileostomy and colostomy reversal surgery where several irregular bone-like tissues of hard consistency and sharp edges with some spindle-shaped structures resembling needles were found in the mesentery of the small intestine and histopathology revealed of trabecular bone fragments confirming the diagnosis. Clinical discussion The majority of cases occur mid to late adulthood with a predilection in the male gender, and usually present with bowel obstruction or an enterocutaneous fistula. Although it has no malignant potential, it may cause severe bowel obstruction that can lead to mortality, it's a rare occurrence and, therefore, is difficult to diagnose among many common abdominal disturbances. Conclusion Here we report a rare case of heterotopic mesenteric ossification, which should be considered as one of the delayed complications of abdominal surgery or trauma. The time range of expecting the presentation of heterotopic mesenteric ossification following major abdominal trauma or surgery should be extended and continuously considered during differential diagnosis. One of the delayed complications of abdominal surgery or trauma is Heterotopic mesenteric ossification. Since 1983 there are only 73 cases of Heterotopic mesenteric ossification published to date. Preoperative diagnosis of Heterotopic mesenteric ossification should be based mainly on the characteristic radiographic findings without relying on the levels of calcium or alkaline phosphatase. The only way to reach the definitive diagnosis is through excision and histopathological analysis. Heterotopic mesenteric ossification has no malignant potential, but it can cause severe bowel obstruction that can lead to mortality in already sick patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fawaz Althobaiti
- Department of General Surgery, Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Budur Althobaiti
- Department of General Surgery, Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al Adwani
- Department of General Surgery, Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Gevers-Montoro C, Provencher B, Descarreaux M, Ortega de Mues A, Piché M. Neurophysiological mechanisms of chiropractic spinal manipulation for spine pain. Eur J Pain 2021; 25:1429-1448. [PMID: 33786932 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Together, neck pain and back pain are the first cause of disability worldwide, accounting for more than 10% of the total years lived with disability. In this context, chiropractic care provides a safe and effective option for the management of a large proportion of these patients. Chiropractic is a healthcare profession mainly focused on the spine and the treatment of spinal disorders, including spine pain. Basic studies have examined the influence of chiropractic spinal manipulation (SM) on a variety of peripheral, spinal and supraspinal mechanisms involved in spine pain. While spinal cord mechanisms of pain inhibition contribute at least partly to the pain-relieving effects of chiropractic treatments, the evidence is weaker regarding peripheral and supraspinal mechanisms, which are important components of acute and chronic pain. This narrative review highlights the most relevant mechanisms of pain relief by SM and provides a perspective for future research on SM and spine pain, including the validation of placebo interventions that control for placebo effects and other non-specific effects that may be induced by SM. SIGNIFICANCE: Spinal manipulation inhibits back and neck pain partly through spinal segmental mechanisms and potentially through peripheral mechanisms regulating inflammatory responses. Other mechanisms remain to be clarified. Controls and placebo interventions need to be improved in order to clarify the contribution of specific and non-specific effects to pain relief by spinal manipulative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gevers-Montoro
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.,CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.,Madrid College of Chiropractic - RCU María Cristina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benjamin Provencher
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.,CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Descarreaux
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.,GRAN Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | | | - Mathieu Piché
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.,CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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45
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Molecular correlates of muscle spindle and Golgi tendon organ afferents. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1451. [PMID: 33649316 PMCID: PMC7977083 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proprioceptive feedback mainly derives from groups Ia and II muscle spindle (MS) afferents and group Ib Golgi tendon organ (GTO) afferents, but the molecular correlates of these three afferent subtypes remain unknown. We performed single cell RNA sequencing of genetically identified adult proprioceptors and uncovered five molecularly distinct neuronal clusters. Validation of cluster-specific transcripts in dorsal root ganglia and skeletal muscle demonstrates that two of these clusters correspond to group Ia MS afferents and group Ib GTO afferent proprioceptors, respectively, and suggest that the remaining clusters could represent group II MS afferents. Lineage analysis between proprioceptor transcriptomes at different developmental stages provides evidence that proprioceptor subtype identities emerge late in development. Together, our data provide comprehensive molecular signatures for groups Ia and II MS afferents and group Ib GTO afferents, enabling genetic interrogation of the role of individual proprioceptor subtypes in regulating motor output. Coordinated movement critically depends on sensory feedback from muscle spindles (MSs) and Golgi tendon organs (GTOs) but the afferents supplying this proprioceptive feedback have remained genetically inseparable. Here the authors use single cell transcriptome analysis to reveal the molecular basis of MS (groups Ia and II) and GTO (group Ib) afferent identities in the mouse.
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46
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Wang L, Hou S, Sabsovich I, Guo TZ, Wei T, Kingery WS. Mice lacking substance P have normal bone modeling but diminished bone formation, increased resorption, and accelerated osteopenia with aging. Bone 2021; 144:115806. [PMID: 33333245 PMCID: PMC7856000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) is a sensory neuropeptide that is expressed by the neurons innervating bone. There is considerable evidence that SP can regulate bone cell function in vitro, but it is unclear whether SP modulates bone modeling or remodeling in vivo. To answer this question we characterized the bone phenotype of mice with deletion of the Tac1 gene expressing SP. The phenotypes of 2-month-old and 5-month-old SP deficient mice and their wildtype controls were characterized by using μCT imaging, static and dynamic bone histomorphometry, and urinary deoxypyridinoline cross-links (DPD) measurement. No differences in bone phenotypes were observed between the 2 strains at 2 months of age. By 5 months both the wildtype and SP deficient mice had developed cancellous osteopenia, but relative to the wild-type mice the SP deficient mice had significantly greater cancellous bone loss. The SP deficient mice also exhibited decreased bone formation, increased osteoclast number, and increased urinary DPD levels. Cortical defect early repair was delayed in 5-month-old mice lacking SP. Collectively, these findings indicate that SP signaling is not required for bone modeling, but SP signaling reduces age-related osteopenia and accelerates cortical defect reparation, data supporting the hypothesis that SP is an anabolic physiologic regulator of bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America.
| | - Saiyun Hou
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Ilya Sabsovich
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America.
| | - Tian-Zhi Guo
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Tzuping Wei
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Wade S Kingery
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America.
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47
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Torres E, Velasco I, Franssen D, Heras V, Gaytan F, Leon S, Navarro VM, Pineda R, Candenas ML, Romero-Ruiz A, Tena-Sempere M. Congenital ablation of Tacr2 reveals overlapping and redundant roles of NK2R signaling in the control of reproductive axis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E496-E511. [PMID: 33427049 PMCID: PMC8828271 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00346.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinin (TAC) signaling is an important element in the central control of reproduction. TAC family is mainly composed of substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), and NKB, which bind preferentially to NK1, NK2, and NK3 receptors, respectively. While most studies have focused on the reproductive functions of NKB/NK3R, and to a lesser extent SP/NK1R, the relevance of NK2R, encoded by Tacr2, remains poorly characterized. Here, we address the physiological roles of NK2R in regulating the reproductive axis by characterizing a novel mouse line with congenital ablation of Tacr2. Activation of NK2R evoked acute luteinizing hormone (LH) responses in control mice, similar to those of agonists of NK1R and NK3R. Despite the absence of NK2R, Tacr2-/- mice displayed only partially reduced LH responses to an NK2R agonist, which, nonetheless, were abrogated after blockade of NK3R in Tacr2-/- males. While Tacr2-/- mice displayed normal pubertal timing, LH pulsatility was partially altered in Tacr2-/- females in adulthood, with suppression of basal LH levels, but no changes in the number of LH pulses. In addition, trends for increase in breeding intervals were detected in Tacr2-/- mice. However, null animals of both sexes were fertile, with no changes in estrous cyclicity or sex preference in social behavioral tests. In conclusion, stimulation of NK2R elicited LH responses in mice, while congenital ablation of Tacr2 partially suppressed basal and stimulated LH secretion, with moderate reproductive impact. Our data support a modest, albeit detectable, role of NK2R in the control of the gonadotropic axis, with partially overlapping and redundant functions with other tachykinin receptors.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have explored here the impact of congenital ablation of the gene (Tacr2) encoding the tachykinin receptor, NK2R, in terms of neuroendocrine control of the reproductive axis, using a novel Tacr2 KO mouse line. Our data support a modest, albeit detectable, role of NK2R in the control of the gonadotropic axis, with partially overlapping and redundant functions with other tachykinin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encarnacion Torres
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Velasco
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Delphine Franssen
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Violeta Heras
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Gaytan
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Silvia Leon
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Victor M Navarro
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rafael Pineda
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Luz Candenas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Romero-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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48
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Wu CH, Wu MK, Lu CC, Tsai HP, Lu YY, Lin CL. Impact of Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor Blockade on Resiniferatoxin-Induced Neuropathy. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:8854461. [PMID: 33727914 PMCID: PMC7937473 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8854461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resiniferatoxin is an ultrapotent capsaicin analog that mediates nociceptive processing; treatment with resiniferatoxin can cause an inflammatory response and, ultimately, neuropathic pain. Hepatoma-derived growth factor, a growth factor related to normal development, is associated with neurotransmitters surrounding neurons and glial cells. Therefore, the study aims to investigate how blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor affects the inflammatory response in neuropathic pain. Serum hepatoma-derived growth factor protein expression was measured via ELISA. Resiniferatoxin was administrated intraperitoneally to induce neuropathic pain in 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats which were divided into three groups (resiniferatoxin+recombinant hepatoma-derived growth factor antibody group, resiniferatoxin group, and control group) (n = 12/group). The mechanical threshold response was tested with calibration forceps. Cell apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect apoptosis of neuron cells and proliferation of astrocytes in the spinal cord dorsal horn. RT-PCR technique and western blot were used to measure detect inflammatory factors and protein expressions. Serum hepatoma-derived growth factor protein expression was higher in the patients with sciatica compared to controls. In resiniferatoxin-group rats, protein expression of hepatoma-derived growth factor was higher than controls. Blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor improved the mechanical threshold response in rats. In dorsal root ganglion, blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor inhibited inflammatory cytokines. In the spinal cord dorsal horn, blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor inhibited proliferation of astrocyte, apoptosis of neuron cells, and attenuated expressions of pain-associated proteins. The experiment showed that blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor can prevent neuropathic pain and may be a useful alternative to conventional analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Hsin Wu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kung Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pei Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yi Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Basharat S, Gilani SA, Iftikhar F, Murtaza MA, Basharat A, Sattar A, Qamar MM, Ali M. Capsaicin: Plants of the Genus Capsicum and Positive Effect of Oriental Spice on Skin Health. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 33:331-341. [PMID: 33401283 DOI: 10.1159/000512196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capsaicin, the main pungent ingredient in hot chili peppers, causes excitation of small sensory neurons. It also provides the basic pungent flavor in Capsicum fruits. SUMMARY Capsaicin plays a vital role as an agonist for the TRPV1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1) receptor. TRPV1 is essential for the reduction of oxidative stress, pain sensations, and inflammation. Therefore, it has many pros related to health issue. Activation and positive impact of TRPV1 via capsaicin has been studied in various dermatological conditions and in other skin-related issues. Past studies documented that capsaicin plays a vital role in the prevention of atopic dermatitis as well as psoriasis. Moreover, TRPV1 is also very important for skin health because it acts as a capsaicin receptor. It is found in nociceptive nerve fibers and nonneural structures. It prompts the release of a compound that is involved in communicating pain between the spinal cord nerves and other parts of the body. Key Messages: Here, we summarize the growing evidence for the beneficial role of capsaicin and TRPV1 and how they help in the relief of skin diseases such as inflammation, permeation, dysfunction, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis and in pain amplification syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnai Basharat
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Sargodha, Pakistan,
| | - Syed Amir Gilani
- Dean, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Iftikhar
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Ayesha Basharat
- Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Sattar
- Food Microbiology and Technology, Bahaudin Zikriya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mustafa Qamar
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sargodha Medical College, The University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, The University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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The Somatosensory World of the African Naked Mole-Rat. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1319:197-220. [PMID: 34424517 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65943-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is famous for its longevity and unusual physiology. This eusocial species that lives in highly ordered and hierarchical colonies with a single breeding queen, also discovered secrets enabling somewhat pain-free living around 20 million years ago. Unlike most mammals, naked mole-rats do not feel the burn of chili pepper's active ingredient, capsaicin, nor the sting of acid. Indeed, by accumulating mutations in genes encoding proteins that are only now being exploited as targets for new pain therapies (the nerve growth factor receptor TrkA and voltage-gated sodium channel, NaV1.7), this species mastered the art of analgesia before humans evolved. Recently, we have identified pain-insensitivity as a trait shared by several closely related African mole-rat species. In this chapter we will show how African mole-rats have evolved pain insensitivity as well as discussing what the proximate factors may have been that led to the evolution of pain-free traits.
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