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Muñoz-Jurado A, Escribano BM. Presence of melatonin in foods of daily consumption: The benefit of this hormone for health. Food Chem 2024; 458:140172. [PMID: 38943958 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is a hormone that exists in all living organisms, including bacteria, yeast, fungi, animals, and plants, many of which are ingested daily in the diet. However, the exact concentrations of melatonin in each of the foods and the effect on health of the intake of foods rich in MLT are not known. Therefore, the aim of this review was to gather the available information on the melatonin content of different foods and to evaluate the effect that this hormone has on different pathologies. The amount of MLT may vary depending on the variety, origin, heat treatment, processing, and analysis technique, among other factors. Dietary interventions with foods rich in MLT report health benefits, but there is no evidence that hormone is partially responsible for the clinical improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the MLT content in more foods, as well as the effect that cooking/processing has on the amount of MLT, to estimate its total intake in a typical diet and better explore its potential impact on the health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Muñoz-Jurado
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Spain.; Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain..
| | - Begoña M Escribano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Spain.; Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain..
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2
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Azzeh FS, Kamfar WW, Ghaith MM, Alsafi RT, Shamlan G, Ghabashi MA, Farrash WF, Alyamani RA, Alazzeh AY, Alkholy SO, Bakr ESH, Qadhi AH, Arbaeen AF. Unlocking the health benefits of melatonin supplementation: A promising preventative and therapeutic strategy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39657. [PMID: 39312371 PMCID: PMC11419438 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is crucial in controlling human sleep-wake patterns. While it has long been recognized for regulating circadian rhythms, its demonstrated efficacy in managing various diseases has recently gained considerable attention. This review discusses MLT's potential preventative and therapeutic effects on various diseases. Several studies have focused on examining the molecular mechanisms through which MLT brings about its protective or therapeutic effects on various diseases, including cancer, obesity, coronavirus, and cardiovascular diseases. Numerous preventative and therapeutic applications of MLT have been proposed, resulting from its ability to function as an antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulating agent. There is a need for further research to determine MLT's long-term effects on antioxidant defense systems, its preventative and therapeutic benefits, and its molecular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas S. Azzeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waad W. Kamfar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Nutrition and Food Services Department, Almana Hospitals, Aziziah, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M. Ghaith
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AL Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Radi T. Alsafi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AL Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai A. Ghabashi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F. Farrash
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AL Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema A. Alyamani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awfa Y. Alazzeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah O. Alkholy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed H. Bakr
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa H. Qadhi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad F. Arbaeen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AL Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Rafiyan M, Tootoonchi E, Golpour M, Davoodvandi A, Reiter RJ, Asemi R, Sharifi M, Rasooli Manesh SM, Asemi Z. Melatonin for gastric cancer treatment: where do we stand? NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03451-7. [PMID: 39287677 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading reason of death in men and the fourth in women. Studies have documented an inhibitory function of melatonin on the proliferation, progression and invasion of GC cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that play an important function in regulation of biological processes and gene expression of the cells. Some studies reported that melatonin can suppress the progression of GC by regulating the exosomal miRNAs. Thus, melatonin represents a promising potential therapeutic agent for subjects with GC. Herein, we evaluate the existing data of both in vivo and in vitro studies to clarify the molecular processes involved in the therapeutic effects of melatonin in GC. The data emphasize the critical function of melatonin in several signaling ways by which it may inhibit cancer cell proliferation, decrease chemo-resistance, induce apoptosis as well as limit invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This review provides a resource that identifies some of the mechanisms by which melatonin controls GC enlargement. In light of the findings, melatonin should be considered a novel and testable therapeutic mediator for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rafiyan
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Elham Tootoonchi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Golpour
- Student Research Committee, Mazandarn University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Sharifi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Yang D, Wang C, Lu W, Tian X, Sun Y, Peng H. Beneficial effects of melatonin on boar sperm motility and kinematics are mediated by MT1 receptor. Theriogenology 2024; 226:95-103. [PMID: 38870584 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin, a hormone synthesized in various tissues, plays a crucial role in modulating sperm characteristics, yet its protective function on boar sperm remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the expression and localization of melatonin-related proteins (AANAT, ASMT, MT1, MT2, and NQO2) in pig tissues, assess the impact of melatonin on pig sperm motility parameters and quality, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results revealed widespread expression of AANAT, ASMT, MT1, MT2, and NQO2 proteins in pig tissues, particularly in the testis. Specific localization patterns were observed in Leydig cells, reproductive epithelium, and columnar epithelium cells in the testis and cauda epididymis. Additionally, melatonin membrane receptors MT1 and MT2 were detected in boar sperm. Melatonin treatment significantly enhanced boar sperm motility parameters and quality, particularly with 10 nM melatonin treatment. Inhibition of the MT1 receptor, but not the MT2 receptor, resulted in decreased sperm motility, highlighting the pivotal role of the MT1 receptor in mediating melatonin's effects on boar sperm. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant alterations in sperm metabolites following melatonin supplementation, particularly in amino acid metabolism. Overall, our findings provide comprehensive insights into melatonin's mechanisms in improving boar sperm quality, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for enhancing male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diqi Yang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chongchong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wenjie Lu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xueqi Tian
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yanyu Sun
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hui Peng
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Babbo CCR, Mellet J, van Rensburg J, Pillay S, Horn AR, Nakwa FL, Velaphi SC, Kali GTJ, Coetzee M, Masemola MYK, Ballot DE, Pepper MS. Neonatal encephalopathy due to suspected hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: pathophysiology, current, and emerging treatments. World J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12519-024-00836-9. [PMID: 39237728 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-024-00836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) due to suspected hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), referred to as NESHIE, is a clinical diagnosis in late preterm and term newborns. It occurs as a result of impaired cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery during the peripartum period and is used until other causes of NE have been discounted and HIE is confirmed. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the only evidence-based and clinically approved treatment modality for HIE. However, the limited efficacy and uncertain benefits of TH in some low- to middle-income countries (LMICs) and the associated need for intensive monitoring have prompted investigations into more accessible and effective stand-alone or additive treatment options. DATA SOURCES This review describes the rationale and current evidence for alternative treatments in the context of the pathophysiology of HIE based on literatures from Pubmed and other online sources of published data. RESULTS The underlining mechanisms of neurotoxic effect, current clinically approved treatment, various categories of emerging treatments and clinical trials for NE are summarized in this review. Melatonin, caffeine citrate, autologous cord blood stem cells, Epoetin alfa and Allopurinal are being tested as potential neuroprotective agents currently. CONCLUSION This review describes the rationale and current evidence for alternative treatments in the context of the pathophysiology of HIE. Neuroprotective agents are currently only being investigated in high- and middle-income settings. Results from these trials will need to be interpreted and validated in LMIC settings. The focus of future research should therefore be on the development of inexpensive, accessible monotherapies and should include LMICs, where the highest burden of NESHIE exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Corte-Real Babbo
- SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Room 5-64, Level 5, Pathology Building, 15 Bophelo Road (Cnr. Steve Biko and Dr. Savage Streets), Prinshof Campus, Gezina, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Juanita Mellet
- SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Room 5-64, Level 5, Pathology Building, 15 Bophelo Road (Cnr. Steve Biko and Dr. Savage Streets), Prinshof Campus, Gezina, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jeanne van Rensburg
- SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Room 5-64, Level 5, Pathology Building, 15 Bophelo Road (Cnr. Steve Biko and Dr. Savage Streets), Prinshof Campus, Gezina, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Shakti Pillay
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Division of Neonatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Neonatal Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alan Richard Horn
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Division of Neonatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Neonatal Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Firdose Lambey Nakwa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sithembiso Christopher Velaphi
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Melantha Coetzee
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mogomane Yvonne Khomotso Masemola
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kalafong Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Daynia Elizabeth Ballot
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Michael Sean Pepper
- SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Room 5-64, Level 5, Pathology Building, 15 Bophelo Road (Cnr. Steve Biko and Dr. Savage Streets), Prinshof Campus, Gezina, Pretoria, South Africa.
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Panmanee J, Charoensutthivarakul S, Cheng CW, Promthep K, Mukda S, Prasertporn T, Nopparat C, Teerapo K, Supcharoen P, Petchyam N, Chetsawang B, Govitrapong P, Phanchana M. A Complex Interplay Between Melatonin and RORβ: RORβ is Unlikely a Putative Receptor for Melatonin as Revealed by Biophysical Assays. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04395-y. [PMID: 39105871 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
A nuclear retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-related orphan receptor β (RORβ) is strictly expressed in the brain, particularly in the pineal gland where melatonin is primarily synthesized and concentrated. The controversial issues regarding the direct interaction of melatonin toward ROR receptors have prompted us to investigate the potential melatonin binding sites on different ROR isoforms. We adopted computational and biophysical approaches to investigate the potential of melatonin as the ligand for RORs, in particular RORβ. Herein, possible melatonin binding sites were predicted by molecular docking on human RORs. The results showed that melatonin might be able to bind within the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of all RORs, despite their difference in sequence homology. The predicted melatonin binding scores were comparable to binding energies with respect to those of melatonin interaction to the well-characterized membrane receptors, MT1 and MT2. Although the computational analyses suggested the binding potential of melatonin to the LBD of RORβ, biophysical validation failed to confirm the binding. Melatonin was unable to alter the stability of human RORβ as shown by the unaltered melting temperatures upon melatonin administration in differential scanning fluorometry (DSF). A thermodynamic isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) profile showed that melatonin did not interact with human RORβ in solutions, even in the presence of SRC-1 co-activator peptide. Although the direct interaction between the LBD of RORβ could not be established, RORα and RORβ gene expressions were increased upon 24 h treatment with μM-range melatonin. Our data, thus, support the studies that the nuclear effects of melatonin may not be directly mediated via its interaction with the RORβ. These findings warrant further investigation on how melatonin interacts with ROR signaling and urge the melatonin research community for a paradigm shift in the direct interaction of melatonin toward RORs. The quest to identify nuclear receptors for melatonin in neuronal cells remains valid for the community to achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraporn Panmanee
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sitthivut Charoensutthivarakul
- Innovative Molecular Discovery Laboratory (iMOD), School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Chew Weng Cheng
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Kornkanok Promthep
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sujira Mukda
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Tanya Prasertporn
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Chutikorn Nopparat
- Innovative Learning Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Kittitat Teerapo
- Mahidol University-Frontier Research Facility (MU-FRF), Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Promsup Supcharoen
- Mahidol University-Frontier Research Facility (MU-FRF), Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Nopphon Petchyam
- Center for Advanced Therapeutics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Banthit Chetsawang
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Govitrapong
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Lak Si, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Matthew Phanchana
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Sánchez-Borja C, Cristóbal-Cañadas D, Rodríguez-Lucenilla MI, Muñoz-Hoyos A, Agil A, Vázquez-López MÁ, Parrón-Carreño T, Nievas-Soriano BJ, Bonillo-Perales A, Bonillo-Perales JC. Lower plasma melatonin levels in non-hypoxic premature newborns associated with neonatal pain. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:3607-3615. [PMID: 38842550 PMCID: PMC11263426 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
We analyzed plasma melatonin levels in different groups of preterm newborns without hypoxia and their relationship with several perinatal variables like gestational age or neonatal pain. Prospective cohort study of preterm newborns (PTNB) without perinatal hypoxia, Apgar > 6 at 5 min, and oxygen needs on the third day of life. We compared melatonin levels at day 3 of life in different groups of non-hypoxic preterm infants (Student's t-tests, Mann-Whitney U, and chi2) and analyzed the relationship of melatonin with GA, birth weight, neonatal pain (Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) scale), caffeine treatment, parenteral nutrition, or the development of free radical diseases (correlation study, linear regression) and factors associated with moderate/intense pain and free radical diseases (logistic regression analysis). Sixty-one preterm infants with gestational age (GA) of 30.7 ± 2.0 weeks with no oxygen requirements at day 3 of life were studied with plasma melatonin levels of 33.8 ± 12.01 pg/ml. Preterm infants weighing < 1250 g at birth had lower plasma melatonin levels (p = 0.05). Preterm infants with moderate or severe pain (PPIPP > 5) have lower melatonin levels (p = 0.01), and being preterm with PIPP > 5 is associated with lower plasma melatonin levels (p = 0.03). Being very preterm (GA < 32 GS), having low weight for gestational age (LWGA), receiving caffeine treatment, or requiring parenteral nutrition did not modify melatonin levels in non-hypoxic preterm infants (p = NS). Melatonin on day 3 of life in non-hypoxic preterm infants is not associated with later development of free radical diseases (BPD, sepsis, ROP, HIV, NEC). CONCLUSION We observed that preterm infants with moderate to severe pain have lower melatonin levels. These findings are relevant because they reinforce the findings of other authors that melatonin supplementation decreases pain and oxidative stress in painful procedures in premature infants. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether melatonin could be used as an analgesic in painful procedures in preterm infants. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration was not required since this was an observational study. WHAT IS KNOWN • Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger in newborns under stress conditions: hypoxia, acidosis, hypotension, painful procedures, or parenteral nutrition. • Pain stimulates the production of melatonin. • Various studies conclude that melatonin administration decreases pain during the neonatal period. WHAT IS NEW • Non-hypoxic preterm infants with moderate to severe pain (PIPP>5) have lower levels of melatonin. • Administration of caffeine and treatment with parenteral nutrition do not modify melatonin levels in non-hypoxic preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute Biohelath & Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Tesifón Parrón-Carreño
- Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine Department, University of Almería, Ctra. de Sacramento, s/n, La Cañada, Almería, 01410, Spain
| | - Bruno José Nievas-Soriano
- Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine Department, University of Almería, Ctra. de Sacramento, s/n, La Cañada, Almería, 01410, Spain.
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8
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Megha KB, Arathi A, Shikha S, Alka R, Ramya P, Mohanan PV. Significance of Melatonin in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Disease Management. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:5541-5571. [PMID: 38206471 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin, the 'hormone of darkness' is a neuronal hormone secreted by the pineal gland and other extra pineal sites. Responsible for the circadian rhythm and seasonal behaviour of vertebrates and mammals, melatonin is responsible for regulating various physiological conditions and the maintenance of sleep, body weight and the neuronal activities of the ocular sites. With its unique amphiphilic structure, melatonin can cross the cellular barriers and elucidate its activities in the subcellular components, including mitochondria. Melatonin is a potential scavenger of oxygen and nitrogen-reactive species and can directly obliterate the ROS and RNS by a receptor-independent mechanism. It can also regulate the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in various pathological conditions and exhibit therapeutic activities against neurodegenerative, psychiatric disorders and cancer. Melatonin is also found to show its effects on major organs, particularly the brain, liver and heart, and also imparts a role in the modulation of the immune system. Thus, melatonin is a multifaceted candidate with immense therapeutic potential and is still considered an effective supplement on various therapies. This is primarily due to rectification of aberrant circadian rhythm by improvement of sleep quality associated with risk development of neurodegenerative, cognitive, cardiovascular and other metabolic disorders, thereby enhancing the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Megha
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India
| | - A Arathi
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India
| | - Saini Shikha
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Rao Alka
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Prabhu Ramya
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Government Arts College, Trivandrum, 695 014, India
| | - P V Mohanan
- Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum, 695 012, Kerala, India.
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9
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Harmat L, Nagy J, Somoskői B, Alpár A, Fekete SG, Gáspárdy A. Determination of Rhythmicity and Gestational Stage-Related Distribution of Blood Plasma Melatonin Concentrations in Donkey Mares. Vet Sci 2024; 11:310. [PMID: 39057994 PMCID: PMC11281557 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11070310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to obtain a more complete picture of blood plasma melatonin concentrations in the donkey mares. To this purpose, sampling and statistical processing were carried out in such a way that allowed the researchers to establish the annual and daily rhythms. Based on human observations, according to the hypothesis of the authors, the blood plasma melatonin concentration of pregnant individuals rises during the late gestational period, before parturition. To confirm this, the melatonin concentrations of pregnant and non-pregnant jennies were monitored and compared. In regard to the circannual rhythm, the significantly lowest midnight melatonin value (27.67 pg mL-1) was typical for the summer solstice. Under consideration of circadian changes, a significantly strongest melatonin production (45.16 pg mL-1) was observed on the night of the winter solstice (p < 0.001). Considering gestational age, the blood plasma melatonin concentration (around 38 pg mL-1) does not change as gestation progresses (p = 0.136). The results obtained in this studied population of the domestic ass usefully expand the little knowledge previously gathered about the development of the blood plasma melatonin concentrations of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Harmat
- Experimental Farm, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Dóra-major, 2225 Üllő, Hungary;
| | - János Nagy
- Game Management Landscape Centre, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kaposvár Campus, Malom utca 3, 7475 Bőszénfa, Hungary;
| | - Bence Somoskői
- Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Alán Alpár
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 58, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
- SE NAP Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 58, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor György Fekete
- Institute for Animal Breeding, Nutrition and Laboratory Animal Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - András Gáspárdy
- Institute for Animal Breeding, Nutrition and Laboratory Animal Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary;
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10
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Yaghoobi A, Rezaee M, Hedayati N, Keshavarzmotamed A, Khalilzad MA, Russel R, Asemi Z, Rajabi Moghadam H, Mafi A. Insight into the cardioprotective effects of melatonin: shining a spotlight on intercellular Sirt signaling communication. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05002-3. [PMID: 38980593 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death and illness worldwide. While there have been advancements in the treatment of CVDs using medication and medical procedures, these conventional methods have limited effectiveness in halting the progression of heart diseases to complete heart failure. However, in recent years, the hormone melatonin has shown promise as a protective agent for the heart. Melatonin, which is secreted by the pineal gland and regulates our sleep-wake cycle, plays a role in various biological processes including oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and cell death. The Sirtuin (Sirt) family of proteins has gained attention for their involvement in many cellular functions related to heart health. It has been well established that melatonin activates the Sirt signaling pathways, leading to several beneficial effects on the heart. These include preserving mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress, decreasing inflammation, preventing cell death, and regulating autophagy in cardiac cells. Therefore, melatonin could play crucial roles in ameliorating various cardiovascular pathologies, such as sepsis, drug toxicity-induced myocardial injury, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. These effects may be partly attributed to the modulation of different Sirt family members by melatonin. This review summarizes the existing body of literature highlighting the cardioprotective effects of melatonin, specifically the ones including modulation of Sirt signaling pathways. Also, we discuss the potential use of melatonin-Sirt interactions as a forthcoming therapeutic target for managing and preventing CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Yaghoobi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Reitel Russel
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hasan Rajabi Moghadam
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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11
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Subhadarshini S, Taksande K. A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Melatonin's Anesthetic Applications in Pediatric Care. Cureus 2024; 16:e60575. [PMID: 38894785 PMCID: PMC11184532 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Anesthesia is critical to pediatric care, ensuring the safety and comfort of children undergoing medical procedures. With a growing interest in alternative anesthetic agents, melatonin has emerged as a promising candidate due to its sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This comprehensive review explores the potential applications of melatonin in pediatric anesthesia. We delve into the pharmacological characteristics of melatonin, its anesthetic properties, and its clinical applications in pediatric care, including preoperative sedation, adjunct to general anesthesia, postoperative pain management, and prevention of emergence delirium. Additionally, we discuss the safety profile of melatonin, potential adverse effects, and comparative analysis with traditional anesthetics. Finally, we highlight future research directions to provide insights into melatonin's role in pediatric anesthesia and its implications for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikha Subhadarshini
- Anaesthesiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Karuna Taksande
- Anaesthesiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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12
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Kim R, Kim M, Jeong S, Kim S, Moon H, Kim H, Lee MY, Kim J, Kim HS, Choi M, Shin K, Song BW, Chang W. Melatonin alleviates myocardial dysfunction through inhibition of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition via the NF-κB pathway. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12958. [PMID: 38747060 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a complex biological process of cellular transdifferentiation by which endothelial cells (ECs) lose their characteristics and acquire mesenchymal properties, leading to cardiovascular remodeling and complications in the adult cardiovascular diseases environment. Melatonin is involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, including aging, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This molecule is an effective therapeutic candidate for preventing oxidative stress, regulating endothelial function, and maintaining the EndMT balance to provide cardiovascular protection. Although recent studies have documented improved cardiac function by melatonin, the mechanism of action of melatonin on EndMT remains unclear. The present study investigated the effects of melatonin on induced EndMT by transforming growth factor-β2/interleukin-1β in both in vivo and in vitro models. The results revealed that melatonin reduced the migratory ability and reactive oxygen species levels of the cells and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro. Our findings indicate that melatonin prevents endothelial dysfunction and inhibits EndMT by activating related pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B and Smad. We also demonstrated that this molecule plays a crucial role in restoring cardiac function by regulating the EndMT process in the ischemic myocardial condition, both in vessel organoids and myocardial infarction (MI) animal models. In conclusion, melatonin is a promising agent that attenuates EC dysfunction and ameliorates cardiac damage compromising the EndMT process after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Kim
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Minsuk Kim
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seongtae Jeong
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sejin Kim
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hanbyeol Moon
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hojin Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kunyoo Shin
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Woochul Chang
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Soto ME, Pérez-Torres I, Manzano-Pech L, Palacios-Chavarría A, Valdez-Vázquez RR, Guarner-Lans V, Soria-Castro E, Díaz-Díaz E, Castrejón-Tellez V. Redox Homeostasis Alteration Is Restored through Melatonin Treatment in COVID-19 Patients: A Preliminary Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4543. [PMID: 38674128 PMCID: PMC11050031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type II pneumocytes are the target of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which alters their redox homeostasis to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS). Melatonin (MT) has antioxidant proprieties and protects mitochondrial function. In this study, we evaluated whether treatment with MT compensated for the redox homeostasis alteration in serum from COVID-19 patients. We determined oxidative stress (OS) markers such as carbonyls, glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), thiols, nitrites (NO2-), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and thiol groups in serum. We also studied the enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reductase (GR), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) and peroxidases. There were significant increases in LPO and carbonyl quantities (p ≤ 0.03) and decreases in TAC and the quantities of NO2-, thiols, and GSH (p < 0.001) in COVID-19 patients. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes such as ecSOD, TrxR, GPx, GST, GR, and peroxidases were decreased (p ≤ 0.04) after the MT treatment. The treatment with MT favored the activity of the antioxidant enzymes that contributed to an increase in TAC and restored the lost redox homeostasis. MT also modulated glucose homeostasis, functioning as a glycolytic agent, and inhibited the Warburg effect. Thus, MT restores the redox homeostasis that is altered in COVID-19 patients and can be used as adjuvant therapy in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Soto
- Research Direction, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.M.-P.); (E.S.-C.)
| | - Linaloe Manzano-Pech
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.M.-P.); (E.S.-C.)
| | - Adrían Palacios-Chavarría
- Critical Care Units, Temporal COVID-19 Unit, Citibanamex Center, Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (A.P.-C.); (R.R.V.-V.)
| | | | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (V.G.-L.)
| | - Elizabeth Soria-Castro
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.M.-P.); (E.S.-C.)
| | - Eulises Díaz-Díaz
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico;
| | - Vicente Castrejón-Tellez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (V.G.-L.)
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14
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Pavlyshyn H, Sarapuk I, Kozak K. Peculiarities of melatonin levels in preterm infants. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2024; 136:146-153. [PMID: 36434409 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-022-02109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin plays an important role in organism functioning, child growth, and development. Of particular importance is melatonin for preterm infants. The aim of our research was to study the peculiarities of melatonin levels depending on various factors in preterm infants with gestational age (GA) of less than 34 weeks. METHODS The study involved 104 preterm infants with GA less than 34 weeks who were treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The level of melatonin in urine samples was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Melatonin concentration was significantly lower in extremely and very preterm infants compared to moderate preterm (3.57 [2.10; 5.06] ng/ml vs. 4.96 [3.20; 8.42] ng/ml, p = 0.007) and was positively correlated with GA (Spearman r = 0.32; p < 0.001). Positive correlations were revealed between melatonin levels and Apgar scores at the 1st (Spearman r = 0.31; p = 0.001) and 5th minutes after birth (Spearman r = 0.35; p < 0.001). Melatonin levels were lower in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.011). No significant correlations were found between melatonin concentration and birth weight (Spearman r = 0.15; p = 0.130). There were no associations of melatonin concentrations and mode of delivery (p = 0.914), the incidence of early-onset sepsis (p = 0.370) and intraventricular hemorrhages (p = 0.501), and mechanical ventilation (p = 0.090). The results of multiple regression showed that gestational age at birth was the most significant predictor of melatonin level in preterm infants (B = 0.507; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Gestational age and the Apgar score were associated with decreased melatonin levels in preterm infants. The level of melatonin in extremely and very preterm infants was lower compared to moderate preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halyna Pavlyshyn
- I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 1 Maydan Voli, 46001, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Sarapuk
- I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 1 Maydan Voli, 46001, Ternopil, Ukraine.
| | - Kateryna Kozak
- I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 1 Maydan Voli, 46001, Ternopil, Ukraine
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15
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Marques KL, Rodrigues V, Balduci CTN, Montes GC, Barradas PC, Cunha-Rodrigues MC. Emerging therapeutic strategies in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a focus on cognitive outcomes. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1347529. [PMID: 38469401 PMCID: PMC10925695 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1347529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia represents a significant risk to CNS development, leading to high mortality rates, diverse damages, and persistent neurological deficits. Despite advances in neonatal medicine in recent decades, the incidence of HIE remains substantial. Motor deficits can manifest early, while cognitive impairments may be diagnosed later, emphasizing the need for extended follow-up. This review aims to explore potential candidates for therapeutic interventions for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), with a focus on cognitive deficits. We searched randomized clinical trials (RCT) that tested drug treatments for HIE and evaluated cognitive outcomes. The results included studies on erythropoietin, melatonin, magnesium sulfate, topiramate, and a combination of vitamin C and ibuprofen. Although there are several indications of the efficacy of these drugs among animal models, considering neuroprotective properties, the RCTs failed to provide complete effectiveness in the context of cognitive impairments derived from HIE. More robust RCTs are still needed to advance our knowledge and to establish standardized treatments for HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kethely L. Marques
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Psychobiology Department, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victor Rodrigues
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cassiana T. N. Balduci
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Psychobiology Department, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rare Diseases Sales Force, Daiichi Sankyo Brazil, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme C. Montes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Psychobiology Department, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Penha C. Barradas
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Psychobiology Department, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta C. Cunha-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Psychobiology Department, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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16
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Joseph TT, Schuch V, Hossack DJ, Chakraborty R, Johnson EL. Melatonin: the placental antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339304. [PMID: 38361952 PMCID: PMC10867115 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an indolamine hormone with many physiological and biological roles. Melatonin is an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenger, circadian rhythm regulator, and sleep hormone. However, its most popular role is the ability to regulate sleep through the circadian rhythm. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that melatonin is an important and essential hormone during pregnancy, specifically in the placenta. This is primarily due to the placenta's ability to synthesize its own melatonin rather than depending on the pineal gland. During pregnancy, melatonin acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, which is necessary to ensure a stable environment for both the mother and the fetus. It is an essential antioxidant in the placenta because it reduces oxidative stress by constantly scavenging for free radicals, i.e., maintain the placenta's integrity. In a healthy pregnancy, the maternal immune system is constantly altered to accommodate the needs of the growing fetus, and melatonin acts as a key anti-inflammatory by regulating immune homeostasis during early and late gestation. This literature review aims to identify and summarize melatonin's role as a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory that reduces oxidative stress and inflammation to maintain a favorable homeostatic environment in the placenta throughout gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyana T. Joseph
- Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Viviane Schuch
- Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Daniel J. Hossack
- Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rana Chakraborty
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Erica L. Johnson
- Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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17
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Pandey A, Hoover M, Singla M, Bedi Y, Storaci H, Goodman SB, Chan C, Bhutani N. TET1 Regulates Skeletal Stem-Cell Mediated Cartilage Regeneration. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:216-230. [PMID: 37610277 DOI: 10.1002/art.42678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adult skeletal stem cells (SSCs) that give rise to chondrocytes, osteocytes, and stromal cells as progeny have been shown to contribute to cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis (OA). Understanding extrinsic and intrinsic regulators of SSC fate and function can therefore identify putative candidate factors to enhance cartilage regeneration. This study explores how the DNA hydroxymethylase Tet1 regulates SSC function in OA. METHODS We investigated the differences in the SSC lineage tree and differentiation potential in neonatal and adult Tet1+/+ and Tet1-/- mice with and without injury and upon OA induction and progression. Using RNA sequencing, the transcriptomic differences between SSCs and bone cartilage stroma progenitor cells (BCSPs) were identified in Tet1+/+ mice and Tet1-/- mice. RESULTS Loss of Tet1 skewed the SSC lineage tree by expanding the SSC pool and enhanced the chondrogenic potential of SSCs and BCSPs. Tet1 inhibition led to enhanced chondrogenesis in human SSCs and chondroprogenitors isolated from human cartilage. Importantly, TET1 inhibition in vivo in late stages of a mouse model of OA led to increased cartilage regeneration. Transcriptomic analyses of SSCs and BCSPs lacking Tet1 revealed pathway alterations in transforming growth factor β signaling, melatonin degradation, and cartilage development-associated genes. Lastly, we report that use of the hormone melatonin can dampen inflammation and improve cartilage health. CONCLUSION Although Tet1 is a broad epigenetic regulator, melatonin can mimic the inhibition ability of TET1 to enhance the chondrogenic ability of SSCs. Melatonin administration has the potential to be an attractive stem cell-based therapy for cartilage regeneration.
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18
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Al-Ansari N, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D. Unveiling the Protective Role of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma: Current Knowledge and Limitations. Biomolecules 2024; 14:145. [PMID: 38397382 PMCID: PMC10886489 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, an endogenous neurohormone produced by the pineal gland, has received increased interest due to its potential anti-cancer properties. Apart from its well-known role in the sleep-wake cycle, extensive scientific evidence has shown its role in various physiological and pathological processes, such as inflammation. Additionally, melatonin has demonstrated promising potential as an anti-cancer agent as its function includes inhibition of tumorigenesis, induction of apoptosis, and regulation of anti-tumor immune response. Although a precise pathophysiological mechanism is yet to be established, several pathways related to the regulation of cell cycle progression, DNA repair mechanisms, and antioxidant activity have been implicated in the anti-neoplastic potential of melatonin. In the current manuscript, we focus on the potential anti-cancer properties of melatonin and its use in treating and managing pediatric osteosarcoma. This aggressive bone tumor primarily affects children and adolescents and is treated mainly by surgical and radio-oncological interventions, which has improved survival rates among affected individuals. Significant disadvantages to these interventions include disease recurrence, therapy-related toxicity, and severe/debilitating side effects that the patients have to endure, significantly affecting their quality of life. Melatonin has therapeutic effects when used for treating osteosarcoma, attributed to its ability to halt cancer cell proliferation and trigger apoptotic cell death, thereby enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the antioxidative function of melatonin alleviates harmful side effects of chemotherapy-induced oxidative damage, aiding in decreasing therapeutic toxicities. The review concisely explains the many mechanisms by which melatonin targets osteosarcoma, as evidenced by significant results from several in vitro and animal models. Nevertheless, if further explored, human trials remain a challenge that could shed light and support its utility as an adjunctive therapeutic modality for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nojoud Al-Ansari
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar;
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
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Huang SH, Hong ZJ, Chen MF, Tsai MW, Chen SJ, Cheng CP, Sytwu HK, Lin GJ. Melatonin inhibits the formation of chemically induced experimental encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis through modulation of T cell differentiation by suppressing of NF-κB activation in dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111300. [PMID: 38016346 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Surgery is a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of complete intestinal obstruction. However, complete intestinal obstruction in long-term PD results in high mortality and morbidity rates after surgery. Immunopathogenesis participates in EPS formation: CD8, Th1, and Th17 cell numbers increased during the formation of EPS. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of melatonin may have beneficial effects on this EPS. In the present study, we determined that melatonin treatment significantly decreases the Th1 and Th17 cell populations in mice with EPS, decreases the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ, and increases the production of IL-10. The suppression of Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation by melatonin occurs through the inhibition of dendritic cell (DC) activation by affecting the initiation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in DCs. Our study suggests that melatonin has preventive potential against the formation of EPS in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Hwa Huang
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Jie Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Fei Chen
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyi-Jou Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Pi Cheng
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Gu-Jiun Lin
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Garofoli F, Franco V, Accorsi P, Albertini R, Angelini M, Asteggiano C, Aversa S, Ballante E, Borgatti R, Cabini RF, Caporali C, Chiapparini L, Cociglio S, Fazzi E, Longo S, Malerba L, Materia V, Mazzocchi L, Naboni C, Palmisani M, Pichiecchio A, Pinelli L, Pisoni C, Preda L, Riboli A, Risso FM, Rizzo V, Rognone E, Simoncelli AM, Villani P, Tzialla C, Ghirardello S, Orcesi S. Fate of melatonin orally administered in preterm newborns: Antioxidant performance and basis for neuroprotection. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12932. [PMID: 38111174 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Preterm infants cannot counteract excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production due to preterm birth, leading to an excess of lipid peroxidation with malondialdehyde (MDA) production, capable of contributing to brain damage. Melatonin (ME), an endogenous brain hormone, and its metabolites, act as a free radical scavenger against ROS. Unfortunately, preterms have an impaired antioxidant system, resulting in the inability to produce and release ME. This prospective, multicenter, parallel groups, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to assess: (i) the endogenous production of ME in very preterm infants (gestational age ≤ 29 + 6 WE, 28 infants in the ME and 26 in the placebo group); (ii) the exogenous hormone availability and its metabolization to the main metabolite, 6-OH-ME after 15 days of ME oral treatment; (iii) difference of MDA plasma concentration, as peroxidation marker, after treatment. Blood was collected before the first administration (T1) and after 15 days of administration (T2). ME and 6-OH-ME were detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, MDA was measured by liquid chromatograph with fluorescence detection. ME and 6-OH-ME were not detectable in the placebo group at any study time-point. ME was absent in the active group at T1. In contrast, after oral administration, ME and 6-OH-ME resulted highly detectable and the difference between concentrations T2 versus T1 was statistically significant, as well as the difference between treated and placebo groups at T2. MDA levels seemed stable during the 15 days of treatment in both groups. Nevertheless, a trend in the percentage of neonates with reduced MDA concentration at T2/T1 was 48.1% in the ME group versus 38.5% in the placebo group. We demonstrated that very preterm infants are not able to produce endogenous detectable plasma levels of ME during their first days of life. Still, following ME oral administration, appreciable amounts of ME and 6-OH-ME were available. The trend of MDA reduction in the active group requires further clinical trials to fix the dosage, the length of ME therapy and to identify more appropriate indexes to demonstrate, at biological and clinical levels, the antioxidant activity and consequent neuroprotectant potential of ME in very preterm newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Garofoli
- 1Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Franco
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Accorsi
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Albertini
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Micol Angelini
- 1Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Asteggiano
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Aversa
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital, University Hospital "Spedali Civili" of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Ballante
- Political and Social Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- BioData Science Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Renato Borgatti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Camilla Caporali
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Radiodiagnostic Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Cociglio
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Longo
- 1Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Malerba
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valeria Materia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital, University Hospital "Spedali Civili" of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzocchi
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Naboni
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michela Palmisani
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pichiecchio
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pinelli
- Neuroradiology Department, Pediatric Neuroradiology Section, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Camilla Pisoni
- 1Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Preda
- Radiodiagnostic Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostics and Pediatric sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Riboli
- Hospital Pediatric Psychology, Unit of Psychology, Children's Hospital "Spedali Civili" of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco M Risso
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital, University Hospital "Spedali Civili" of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rizzo
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Rognone
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna M Simoncelli
- Radiodiagnostic Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Villani
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chryssoula Tzialla
- Neonatal and Pediatric Unit, Polo Ospedaliero Oltrepò, ASST Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ghirardello
- 1Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Orcesi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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21
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Wu BA, Chand KK, Bell A, Miller SL, Colditz PB, Malhotra A, Wixey JA. Effects of fetal growth restriction on the perinatal neurovascular unit and possible treatment targets. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:59-69. [PMID: 37674023 PMCID: PMC10798895 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02805-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) within the brain is a multicellular unit that synergistically acts to maintain blood-brain barrier function and meet cerebral metabolic demand. Recent studies have indicated disruption to the NVU is associated with neuropathology in the perinatal brain. Infants with fetal growth restriction (FGR) are known to be at increased risk of neurodevelopmental conditions including motor, learning, and behavioural deficits. There are currently no neuroprotective treatments for these conditions. In this review, we analyse large animal studies examining the effects of FGR on the perinatal NVU. These studies show altered vascularity in the FGR brain as well as blood-brain barrier dysfunction due to underlying cellular changes, mediated by neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is a key mechanism associated with pathological effects in the FGR brain. Hence, targeting inflammation may be key to preserving the multicellular NVU and providing neuroprotection in FGR. A number of maternal and postnatal therapies with anti-inflammatory components have been investigated in FGR animal models examining targets for amelioration of NVU disruption. Each therapy showed promise by uniquely ameliorating the adverse effects of FGR on multiple aspects of the NVU. The successful implementation of a clinically viable neuroprotective treatment has the potential to improve outcomes for neonates affected by FGR. IMPACT: Disruption to the neurovascular unit is associated with neuropathology in fetal growth restriction. Inflammation is a key mechanism associated with neurovascular unit disruption in the growth-restricted brain. Anti-inflammatory treatments ameliorate adverse effects on the neurovascular unit and may provide neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Anthony Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kirat K Chand
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alexander Bell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Suzanne L Miller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul B Colditz
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Perinatal Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julie A Wixey
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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22
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Vlachou M, Siamidi A, Protopapa C, Vlachos M, Kloutsou S, Dreliozi CC, Papanastasiou IP. In vitro Modified Release Studies on Melatoninergic Fluorinated Phenylalkylamides: Circumventing their Lipophilicity for Oral Administration. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:1433-1441. [PMID: 38616752 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128304967240328065809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an attempt to circumvent the lipophilicity burden for the oral administration of new potent synthetic melatoninergic fluorine-substituted methoxyphenylalkyl amides, we conducted in vitro modified release studies using carefully selected matrix tablets' biopolymeric materials in different ratios. METHODS In particular, we sought to attain release profiles of these analogues similar to that of the parent compound, the chronobiotic hormone Melatonin (MLT), and also of the commercially available drug, Circadin®. RESULTS It was found that some of these systems, albeit being more lipophilic than MLT, mimic the in vitro release patterns of melatonin and Circadin®. CONCLUSION Moreover, a number of these derivatives were proven suitable for dealing with sleep onset problems, whilst others for dealing with combined sleep onset/sleep maintenance dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Vlachou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Angeliki Siamidi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Chrystalla Protopapa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Michalis Vlachos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Sophia Kloutsou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Chrysoula-Christina Dreliozi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Papanastasiou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, Athens 15784, Greece
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Mousavi SM, Etemad L, Yari D, Hashemi M, Salmasi Z. Evaluation of Melatonin and its Nanostructures Effects on Skin Disorders Focused on Wound Healing. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1856-1881. [PMID: 38685805 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575299255240422055203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ of the human body functioning as a great primitive defensive barrier against different harmful environmental factors. However, it is damaged through varying injuries such as different wounds, burns, and skin cancers that cause disruption in internal organs and essential mechanisms of the body through inflammation, oxidation, coagulation problems, infection, etc. Melatonin is the major hormone of the pineal gland that is also effective in skin disorders due to strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features with additional desirable antiapoptotic, anti-cancer, and antibiotic properties. However, melatonin characteristics require improvements due to its limited water solubility, halflife and stability. The application of nanocarrier systems can improve its solubility, permeability, and efficiency, as well as inhibit its degradation and promote photostability. Our main purpose in the current review is to explore the possible role of melatonin and melatonin-containing nanocarriers in skin disorders focused on wounds. Additionally, melatonin's effect in regenerative medicine and its structures as a wound dressing in skin damage has been considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Davood Yari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Salmasi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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24
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Alshamsi MAH, Mosa KA, Khan AA, Mousa M, Ali MA, Soliman SSM, Semreen MH. Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Cyperus conglomeratus Root Extract Inhibit Osteogenic Differentiation of Immortalized Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1333-1347. [PMID: 37612859 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230823094412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a focus of huge interest in biological research, including stem cell research. AgNPs synthesized using Cyperus conglomeratus root extract have been previously reported but their effects on mesenchymal stromal cells have yet to be investigated. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of C. conglomeratus-derived AgNPs on adipogenesis and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells. METHODS AgNPs were synthesized using C. conglomeratus root extract, and the phytochemicals involved in AgNPs synthesis were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs was tested on telomerase-transformed immortalized human bone marrow-derived MSCs-hTERT (iMSC3) and human osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63) using MTT and apoptosis assays. The uptake of AgNPs by both cells was confirmed using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Furthermore, the effect of AgNPs on iMSC3 adipogenesis and osteogenesis was analyzed using stain quantification and reverse transcription- quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS The phytochemicals predominately identified in both the AgNPs and C. conglomeratus root extract were carbohydrates. The AgNP concentrations tested using MTT and apoptosis assays (0.5-64 µg/ml and 1,4 and 32 µg/ml, respectively) showed no significant cytotoxicity on iMSC3 and MG-63. The AgNPs were internalized in a concentration-dependent manner in both cell types. Additionally, the AgNPs exhibited a significant negative effect on osteogenesis but not on adipogenesis. CONCLUSION C. conglomeratus-derived AgNPs had an impact on the differentiation capacity of iMSC3. Our results indicated that C. conglomeratus AgNPs and the associated phytochemicals could exhibit potential medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A H Alshamsi
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kareem A Mosa
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amir Ali Khan
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muath Mousa
- Research Institute of Science and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muna A Ali
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H Semreen
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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25
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Shao R, Wang Y, He C, Chen L. Melatonin and its Emerging Physiological Role in Reproduction: A Review and Update. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:449-456. [PMID: 37070447 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230417103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone secreted by the pineal gland. The secretion of melatonin follows a circadian rhythm controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and its secretion is synchronized with the changes in light and dark periods in nature, with the highest secretion level at night. Melatonin is a critical hormone that coordinates external light stimulation and cellular responses of the body. It transmits information about the environmental light cycle, including the circadian and seasonal rhythms, to the relevant tissues and organs in the body, which, along with changes in its secretion level, ensures that its regulated functional activities are adapted in response to changes in the outside environment. Melatonin takes beneficial actions mainly through the interaction with specific membrane-bound receptors, termed MT1 and MT2. Melatonin also acts as a scavenger of free radicals via non-receptor-mediated mechanism. For more than half of acentury melatonin has been associated with vertebrate reproduction, especially in the context of seasonal breeding. Though modern humans show little remaining reproductive seasonality, the relationships between melatonin and human reproduction continue to attract extensive attention. Melatonin plays important roles in improving mitochondrial function, reducing the damage of free radicals, inducing oocyte maturation, increasing fertilization rate and promoting embryonic development, which improves the outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. The present article reviews the progress that has been made in our evolving understanding of the physiological role of melatonin in reproduction and its potential clinical applications in reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Shao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jingzhou Hospital affiliated to Yangtze University, No.60 Jingzhong Road, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jingzhou Hospital affiliated to Yangtze University, No.60 Jingzhong Road, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Chihua He
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jingzhou Hospital affiliated to Yangtze University, No.60 Jingzhong Road, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Ligang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, No.55 Jianghan North Road, Jingzhou 434021, Hubei, China
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26
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Benedeto-Stojanov D, Ničković VP, Petrović G, Rancić A, Grgov I, Nikolić GR, Marčetić ZP, Popović MR, Lazarević M, Mitić KV, Sokolović D. Melatonin as a Promising Anti-Inflammatory Agent in an In Vivo Animal Model of Sepsis-Induced Rat Liver Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:455. [PMID: 38203627 PMCID: PMC10779228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT), earlier described as an effective anti-inflammatory agent, could be a beneficial adjunctive drug for sepsis treatment. This study aimed to determine the effects of MLT application in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in Wistar rats by determining the levels of liver tissue pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and NF-κB as well as hematological parameters indicating the state of sepsis. Additionally, an immunohistological analysis of CD14 molecule expression was conducted. Our research demonstrated that treatment with MLT prevented an LPS-induced increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and NF-κB levels, and in the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). On the other hand, MLT prevented a decrease in the blood lymphocyte number induced by LPS administration. Also, treatment with MLT decreased the liver tissue expression of the CD14 molecule observed after sepsis induction. In summary, in rats with LPS-induced sepsis, MLT was shown to be a significant anti-inflammatory agent with the potential to change the liver's immunological marker expression, thus ameliorating liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanja P. Ničković
- COVID Hospital Kruševac, University Clinical Centre of Niš, 37000 Kruševac, Serbia;
| | | | - Andrija Rancić
- Clinic of Gastroenterohepatology, University Clinical Centre of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Ivan Grgov
- General Hospital Leskovac, Department of General Surgery with Traumatology, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia;
| | - Gordana R. Nikolić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Priština, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia; (G.R.N.); (Z.P.M.)
| | - Zoran P. Marčetić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Priština, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia; (G.R.N.); (Z.P.M.)
| | - Milica R. Popović
- Pediatrics Clinic, Clinical Centre Priština, 38205 Gracanica, Serbia;
| | - Milan Lazarević
- Clinic for Cardiovascular and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinical Centre of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Katarina V. Mitić
- Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Ivan Djaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dušan Sokolović
- Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
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27
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Booker LA, Fitzgibbon C, Spong J, Deacon-Crouch M, Wilson DL, Skinner TC. Rapid Versus Slow Cooling Pasteurization of Donor Breast Milk: Does the Cooling Rate Effect Melatonin Reduction? Breastfeed Med 2023; 18:951-955. [PMID: 38100440 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: There is a question as to whether melatonin levels in breast milk are impacted by the cooling rate postpasteurization. Past research that has used in the Australian donor bank's breast milk Holder Pasteurization technique has reported varying findings regarding melatonin levels postpasteurization. Where breast milk was cooled slowly, a significant reduction in breast milk melatonin levels was observed. Conversely, where a rapid cooling method was used, there was no significant reduction in melatonin levels. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the cooling process between the different pasteurization techniques impact on melatonin levels in breast milk postpasteurization. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven nighttime breast milk samples were collected, with each sample divided into three; one remained unpasteurized, one was pasteurized and rapidly cooled to 4°C, and the other was pasteurized and cooled slowly to 4°C. Results: Melatonin levels were significantly reduced in both the rapidly cooled and slow cooled breast milk samples when compared to their unpasteurized counterpart (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in melatonin levels between the two cooling methods (p = 0.91). Conclusion: This study showed that both the rapid and cooling pasteurization processes had a similar reduction in melatonin levels in breast milk. However, even after pasteurization melatonin was still present. Therefore, it is recommended that donor banks still take into consideration circadian timing hormones such as melatonin and the time of day breast milk is expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Booker
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cheree Fitzgibbon
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Jo Spong
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Rural Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Melissa Deacon-Crouch
- Department of Rural Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Danielle L Wilson
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Timothy C Skinner
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
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28
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Turner MJ, Dietz RM. Potential Adjuncts to Therapeutic Hypothermia to Mitigate Multiorgan Injury in Perinatal Hypoxia-Ischemia. Neoreviews 2023; 24:e771-e782. [PMID: 38036441 DOI: 10.1542/neo.24-12-e771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 2 decades, therapeutic hypothermia has become the standard of care to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates affected by moderate-to-severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). There is a significant interest in improving the neurologic outcomes of neonatal HIE, ranging from adjunctive therapy to therapeutic hypothermia. Importantly, the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying HIE also affect multiple other organs, contributing to high morbidity and mortality in this patient population. This review focuses on the adjunct therapies currently under investigation to mitigate the impact of hypoxic-ischemic injury on the brain, kidneys, liver, heart, and gastrointestinal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Turner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Department of Pediatrics, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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Habiba ES, Harby SA, El-Sayed NS, Omar EM, Bakr BA, Augustyniak M, El-Samad LM, Hassan MA. Sericin and melatonin mitigate diethylnitrosamine-instigated testicular impairment in mice: Implications of oxidative stress, spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and modulation of Nrf2/WT1/SF-1 signaling pathways. Life Sci 2023; 334:122220. [PMID: 37898455 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic influence of combination therapy with sericin and melatonin on attenuating diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-instigated testicular dysfunction in mice and defining the molecular mechanisms involved in orchestrating redox signaling pathways and restoring spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different groups of male Swiss albino mice were established and injected with respective drugs intraperitoneally. Semen analysis, hormonal assays, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. Additionally, melatonin and its receptors, WT1, SF-1, vimentin, Nrf2, and ANXA1 expressions were assessed. Histopathological and ultrastructural features of the testes were investigated by semithin, SEM, and TEM analyses. KEY FINDINGS Exposure to DEN exhibited pathophysiological consequences, including a remarkable increase in lipid peroxidation associated with substantial diminutions in SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, GSH:GSSG, and GST. Furthermore, it disrupted spermatozoa integrity, testosterone, FSH, LH, melatonin, and its receptors (MT1 and MT2) levels, implying spermatogenesis dysfunction. By contrast, treatment with sericin and melatonin significantly restored these disturbances. Interestingly, the combination therapy of sericin and melatonin noticeably augmented the Nrf2, WT1, and SF-1 expressions compared to DEN-treated mice, deciphering the amelioration perceived in antioxidant defense and spermatogenesis inside cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemical detection of ANXA1 alongside histopathological and ultrastructural analyses revealed evident maintenance of testicular structures without discernible inflammation or anomalies in mice administered with sericin and melatonin compared to the DEN-treated group. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlighted that treatment with sericin and melatonin alleviated the testicular tissues in mice from oxidative stress and dysregulated spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis engendered by DEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa S Habiba
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Harby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Norhan S El-Sayed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Eman M Omar
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Basant A Bakr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Lamia M El-Samad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hassan
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934 Alexandria, Egypt.
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Pérez-Torres I, Aisa-Álvarez A, Casarez-Alvarado S, Borrayo G, Márquez-Velasco R, Guarner-Lans V, Manzano-Pech L, Cruz-Soto R, Gonzalez-Marcos O, Fuentevilla-Álvarez G, Gamboa R, Saucedo-Orozco H, Franco-Granillo J, Soto ME. Impact of Treatment with Antioxidants as an Adjuvant to Standard Therapy in Patients with Septic Shock: Analysis of the Correlation between Cytokine Storm and Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16610. [PMID: 38068931 PMCID: PMC10706209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is lost or becomes dysfunctional during septic shock due to the activation of the inflammatory response and the deregulation of oxidative stress. Antioxidant therapy administered alongside standard treatment could restore this lost homeostasis. We included 131 patients with septic shock who were treated with standard treatment and vitamin C (Vit C), vitamin E (Vit E), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), or melatonin (MT), in a randomized trial. Organ damage quantified by Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and we determined levels of Interleukins (IL) IL1β, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), Transforming growth factor B (TGFβ), IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, and Interferon-γ (IFNγ). The SOFA score decreased in patients treated with Vit C, NAC, and MT. Patients treated with MT had statistically significantly reduced of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and IL-10 levels. Lipid peroxidation, Nitrates and nitrites (NO3- and NO2-), glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase decreased after treatment with Vit C, Vit E, NAC, and MT. The levels of thiols recovered with the use of Vit E, and all patients treated with antioxidants maintained their selenium levels, in contrast with controls (p = 0.04). The findings regarding oxidative stress markers and cytokines after treatment with antioxidants allow us to consider to future the combined use of antioxidants in a randomized clinical trial with a larger sample to demonstrate the reproducibility of these beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Pérez-Torres
- Cardiovascular Biomedicine Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (I.P.-T.); (L.M.-P.)
| | - Alfredo Aisa-Álvarez
- Critical Care Department, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, PAI ABC Sur 136 No. 116, Col. las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico; (A.A.-Á.); (O.G.-M.); (J.F.-G.)
| | - Sergio Casarez-Alvarado
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.C.-A.); (R.M.-V.); (R.C.-S.)
| | - Gabriela Borrayo
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas Coordinación de Innovación en Salud, Ciudad de México 06700, Mexico;
| | - Ricardo Márquez-Velasco
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.C.-A.); (R.M.-V.); (R.C.-S.)
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (V.G.-L.); (G.F.-Á.); (R.G.)
| | - Linaloe Manzano-Pech
- Cardiovascular Biomedicine Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (I.P.-T.); (L.M.-P.)
| | - Randall Cruz-Soto
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.C.-A.); (R.M.-V.); (R.C.-S.)
| | - Omar Gonzalez-Marcos
- Critical Care Department, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, PAI ABC Sur 136 No. 116, Col. las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico; (A.A.-Á.); (O.G.-M.); (J.F.-G.)
| | - Giovanny Fuentevilla-Álvarez
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (V.G.-L.); (G.F.-Á.); (R.G.)
| | - Ricardo Gamboa
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (V.G.-L.); (G.F.-Á.); (R.G.)
| | | | - Juvenal Franco-Granillo
- Critical Care Department, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, PAI ABC Sur 136 No. 116, Col. las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico; (A.A.-Á.); (O.G.-M.); (J.F.-G.)
| | - María Elena Soto
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.C.-A.); (R.M.-V.); (R.C.-S.)
- Research Direction Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
- Cardiovascular Line in American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, PAI ABC Sur 136 No. 116, Col. Las Américas, Mexico City 01120, Mexico
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31
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Potes Y, Díaz-Luis A, Bermejo-Millo JC, Pérez-Martínez Z, de Luxán-Delgado B, Rubio-González A, Menéndez-Valle I, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez J, Solano JJ, Caballero B, Vega-Naredo I, Coto-Montes A. Melatonin Alleviates the Impairment of Muscle Bioenergetics and Protein Quality Control Systems in Leptin-Deficiency-Induced Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1962. [PMID: 38001815 PMCID: PMC10669624 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin is critically compromised in the major common forms of obesity. Skeletal muscle is the main effector tissue for energy modification that occurs as a result of the effect of endocrine axes, such as leptin signaling. Our study was carried out using skeletal muscle from a leptin-deficient animal model, in order to ascertain the importance of this hormone and to identify the major skeletal muscle mechanisms affected. We also examined the therapeutic role of melatonin against leptin-induced muscle wasting. Here, we report that leptin deficiency stimulates fatty acid β-oxidation, which results in mitochondrial uncoupling and the suppression of mitochondrial oxidative damage; however, it increases cytosolic oxidative damage. Thus, different nutrient-sensing pathways are disrupted, impairing proteostasis and promoting lipid anabolism, which induces myofiber degeneration and drives oxidative type I fiber conversion. Melatonin treatment plays a significant role in reducing cellular oxidative damage and regulating energy homeostasis and fuel utilization. Melatonin is able to improve both glucose and mitochondrial metabolism and partially restore proteostasis. Taken together, our study demonstrates melatonin to be a decisive mitochondrial function-fate regulator in skeletal muscle, with implications for resembling physiological energy requirements and targeting glycolytic type II fiber recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Potes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrea Díaz-Luis
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan C. Bermejo-Millo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Zulema Pérez-Martínez
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Microbiology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Luxán-Delgado
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adrian Rubio-González
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Iván Menéndez-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Immunology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Gutiérrez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan J. Solano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Caballero
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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32
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Lee R, Lee WY, Park HJ. Effects of Melatonin on Liver of D-Galactose-Induced Aged Mouse Model. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8412-8426. [PMID: 37886973 PMCID: PMC10604925 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, a hormone secreted by the pineal gland of vertebrates, regulates sleep, blood pressure, and circadian and seasonal rhythms, and acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. We investigated the protective effects of melatonin against markers of D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced hepatocellular aging, including liver inflammation, hepatocyte structural damage, and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Mice were divided into four groups: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, control), D-Gal (200 mg/kg/day), melatonin (20 mg/kg), and D-Gal (200 mg/kg) and melatonin (20 mg) cotreatment. The treatments were administered once daily for eight consecutive weeks. Melatonin treatment alleviated D-Gal-induced hepatocyte impairment. The AST level was significantly increased in the D-Gal-treated groups compared to that in the control group, while the ALT level was decreased compared to the melatonin and D-Gal cotreated group. Inflammatory genes, such as IL1-β, NF-κB, IL-6, TNFα, and iNOS, were significantly increased in the D-Gal aging model, whereas the expression levels of these genes were low in the D-Gal and melatonin cotreated group. Interestingly, the expression levels of hepatic steatosis-related genes, such as LXRα, C/EBPα, PPARα, ACC, ACOX1, and CPT-1, were markedly decreased in the D-Gal and melatonin cotreated group. These results suggest that melatonin suppresses hepatic steatosis and inflammation in a mouse model of D-Gal-induced aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Lee
- Department of Livestock, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (R.L.); (W.-Y.L.)
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju-si 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Yong Lee
- Department of Livestock, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (R.L.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Hyun-Jung Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju-si 26339, Republic of Korea
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33
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Chen L, Wang X, Liu C, Deng P, Pan L, Yang L, Cheng J, Zhang X, Reiter RJ, Yu Z, Pi H, Zhou Z, Hu H. Melatonin ameliorates atherosclerosis by suppressing S100a9-mediated vascular inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:175965. [PMID: 37625682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS)-associated cardiovascular diseases are predominant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Melatonin, a circadian hormone with anti-inflammatory activity, may be a novel therapeutic intervention for AS. However, the exact mechanism is unclear. This research intended to investigate the mechanism of melatonin in treating AS. Melatonin (20 mg/kg/d) was intraperitoneally administered in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced AS model using apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice for 12 weeks. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses, data-independent acquisition (DIA)-based protein profiling, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), and western blotting were employed to investigate the therapeutic effects of melatonin in treating HFD-induced AS. An adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector was further used to confirm the antiatherosclerotic mechanism of melatonin. Melatonin treatment markedly attenuated atherosclerotic lesions, induced stable phenotypic sclerotic plaques, inhibited macrophage infiltration, and suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines in ApoE-/- mice with HFD-induced AS. Notably, DIA-based quantitative proteomics together with IPA identified S100a9 as a pivotal mediator in the protective effects of melatonin. Moreover, melatonin significantly suppressed HFD-induced S100a9 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. The overexpression of S100a9 significantly activated the NF-κB signaling pathway and markedly abolished the antagonistic effect of melatonin on HFD-induced vascular inflammation during atherogenesis. Melatonin exerts a significant antiatherogenic effect by inhibiting S100a9/NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated vascular inflammation. Our findings reveal a novel antiatherosclerotic mechanism of melatonin and underlie its potential clinical use in modulating AS with good availability and affordability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ping Deng
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lina Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xutao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Huifeng Pi
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Center for Neurointelligence, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Houyuan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Erdag E, Haskologlu IC, Mercan M, Abacioglu N, Sehirli AO. An in silico investigation: Can melatonin serve as an adjuvant in NR1D1-linked chronotherapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1395-1403. [PMID: 37781884 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2265476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronobiology, which studies biological rhythms and their impacts on health, presents a potential avenue for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clock gene-related therapies, focusing on genes responsible for regulating biological rhythms, may hold promise in the treatment. Among these clock genes, nuclear receptor subfamily 1 Group D member 1 (NR1D1) plays a vital role in neurodegenerative diseases. In this particular study, it was aimed to investigate the potential of FDA-approved drugs commonly used in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment and melatonin, a hormone known for its role in regulating sleep-wake cycles, as ligands for clock gene-related therapy. The ligands were subjected to molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation methods against the NR1D1 clock gene. These results suggested that combining melatonin with FDA-approved medications commonly used in the treatment might yield positive outcomes. This study provides preliminary data and lays the groundwork for future investigations involving in vitro (laboratory-based) and in vivo (animal or human-based) research on chronotherapy. In summary, this research highlights the potential of clock gene-related therapy utilizing melatonin in conjunction with FDA-approved drugs for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment, offering insights into novel treatment strategies. The findings underscore the need for further studies to explore the effectiveness of this hypothetical approach in experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Erdag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Türkiye
| | | | - Merve Mercan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Türkiye
| | - Nurettin Abacioglu
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Ozer Sehirli
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Türkiye
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Taha AM, Mahmoud AM, Ghonaim MM, Kamran A, AlSamhori JF, AlBarakat MM, Shrestha AB, Jaiswal V, Reiter RJ. Melatonin as a potential treatment for septic cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115305. [PMID: 37619482 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a common complication of sepsis contributing to high mortality rates. Its pathophysiology involves complex factors, including inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. Despite extensive research, no effective pharmacological agent has been established for sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Melatonin, a hormone with diverse functions in the body, has emerged as a potential agent for SCM through its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and cardioprotective roles. Through various molecular levels of its mechanism of action, it counterattacks the adverse event of sepsis. Experimental studies have mentioned that melatonin protects against many cardiovascular diseases and exerts preventive effects on SCM. Moreover, melatonin has been investigated in combination with other drugs such as antibiotics, resveratrol, and anti-oxidants showing synergistic effects in reducing inflammation, anti-oxidant, and improving cardiac function. While preclinical studies have demonstrated positive results, clinical trials are required to establish the optimal dosage, route of administration, and treatment duration for melatonin in SCM. Its safety profile, low toxicity, and natural occurrence in the human body provide a favorable basis for its clinical use. This review aims to provide an overview of the current evidence of the use of melatonin in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM). Melatonin appears to be promising as a possible treatment for sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy and demands further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mohamed Taha
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt; Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Negida Academy, Arlington, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Ateeba Kamran
- Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Majd M AlBarakat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abhigan Babu Shrestha
- Department of Internal Medicine, M Abdur Rahim Medical College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Ling J, Yu S, Xiong F, Xu T, Li S. Melatonin Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Inhibiting Excessive Mitophagy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2775-2786. [PMID: 37719362 PMCID: PMC10503510 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s423264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies have indicated that lung injury is a frequent complication of sepsis. Mitophagy is vital to multiple pathological processes and diseases; however, its influence on sepsis-induced acute lung injury remains elusive. Melatonin has multiple antioxidant action and anti-inflammatory effects, including regulating mitophagy and inflammatory cytokine expression. Whereas, little is known about the affection of melatonin and mitophagy on CLP-induced ALI. Methods The in vivo effect of melatonin on OPTN-mediated mitophagy was studied by CLP-induced ALI in a mouse model using C57BL/6 followed by treatment with vehicle and melatonin (30 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneal injection). ALI was assayed by lung wet /dry ratio, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining. Signaling pathway changes were subsequently determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. The effects of melatonin on STAT3 activation and TNF-α production were detected by Western blotting, PCR, and immunohistochemical staining. Results Our results indicated that OPTN, mitophagy adaptors were significantly repressed in CLP-induced ALI, accompanied by overactivation of mitophagy and inflammation. At the same time, we found that melatonin treatment alleviated ALI caused by CLP, and the effect was highly correlated with OPTN-related mitophagy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that OPTN-related mitophagy, which was normalized by melatonin, blocked STAT3 involved epithelial barrier and inflammation in vivo. Conclusion Overall, our results confirm that mitophagy is adjusted by melatonin in the CLP-induced ALI. Moreover, manipulation of mitophagy through melatonin could be a possible treatment to reduce sepsis-associated lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Ling
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China
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Skubis-Sikora A, Sikora B, Małysiak W, Wieczorek P, Czekaj P. Regulation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Activity by Melatonin Receptors in Terms of Viability and Osteogenic Differentiation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1236. [PMID: 37765045 PMCID: PMC10535461 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone secreted mainly by the pineal gland and acts through the Mel1A and Mel1B receptors. Among other actions, melatonin significantly increases osteogenesis during bone regeneration. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are also known to have the potential to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells; however, inefficient culturing due to the loss of properties over time or low cell survival rates on scaffolds is a limitation. Improving the process of ADSC expansion in vitro is crucial for its further successful use in bone regeneration. This study aimed to assess the effect of melatonin on ADSC characteristics, including osteogenicity. We assessed ADSC viability at different melatonin concentrations as well as the effect on its receptor inhibitors (luzindole or 4-P-PDOT). Moreover, we analyzed the ADSC phenotype, apoptosis, cell cycle, and expression of MTNR1A and MTNR1B receptors, and its potential for osteogenic differentiation. We found that ADSCs treated with melatonin at a concentration of 100 µM had a higher viability compared to those treated at higher melatonin concentrations. Melatonin did not change the phenotype of ADSCs or induce apoptosis and it promoted the activity of some osteogenesis-related genes. We concluded that melatonin is safe, non-toxic to normal ADSCs in vitro, and can be used in regenerative medicine at low doses (100 μM) to improve cell viability without negatively affecting the osteogenic potential of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Skubis-Sikora
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Aghelan Z, Pashaee S, Abtahi SH, Karima S, Khazaie H, Ezati M, Khodarahmi R. Natural Immunosuppressants as a Treatment for Chronic Insomnia Targeting the Inflammatory Response Induced by NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β Axis Activation: A Scooping Review. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:294-309. [PMID: 37552452 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic insomnia is an inflammatory-related disease with an important pathological basis for various diseases which is a serious threat to a person's physical and mental health. So far, many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis of insomnia, among which inflammatory mechanisms have become the focus of scientific attention. In this regard, the aim of the present scooping review is to evaluate the potential benefits of natural compounds in treatment of chronic insomnia targeting nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor-pyrin-containing protein 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1/IL-1β axis as one of the most important activators of inflammatory cascades. The data show that compounds that have the potential to cause inflammation induce sleep disorders, and that inflammatory mediators are key molecules in regulating the sleep-related activity of neurons. In the inflammatory process of insomnia, the role of NLRP3 in the pathogenesis of insomnia has been gradually considered by researchers. NLRP3 is an intracellular sensor that recognizes the widest range of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). After identification and binding to damage factors, NLRP3 inflammasome is assembled to activate the caspase-1 and IL-1β. Increased production and secretion of IL-1β may be involved in central nervous system dysregulation of physiological sleep. The current scooping review reports the potential benefits of natural compounds that target NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activity and highlights the hypothesis which NLRP3 /caspase-1/IL-1β may serve as a potential therapeutic target for managing inflammation and improving symptoms in chronic insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Aghelan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Somayeh Pashaee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Hosein Abtahi
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Karima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Behehshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ezati
- Medical Biology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Nurse Street, Kermanshah, 6714415185, Iran
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Nurse Street, Kermanshah, 6714415185, Iran.
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Häusler S, Robertson NJ, Golhen K, van den Anker J, Tucker K, Felder TK. Melatonin as a Therapy for Preterm Brain Injury: What Is the Evidence? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1630. [PMID: 37627625 PMCID: PMC10451719 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant improvements in survival following preterm birth in recent years, the neurodevelopmental burden of prematurity, with its long-term cognitive and behavioral consequences, remains a significant challenge in neonatology. Neuroprotective treatment options to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants are therefore urgently needed. Alleviating inflammatory and oxidative stress (OS), melatonin might modify important triggers of preterm brain injury, a complex combination of destructive and developmental abnormalities termed encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP). Preliminary data also suggests that melatonin has a direct neurotrophic impact, emphasizing its therapeutic potential with a favorable safety profile in the preterm setting. The current review outlines the most important pathomechanisms underlying preterm brain injury and correlates them with melatonin's neuroprotective potential, while underlining significant pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic uncertainties that need to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Häusler
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nicola J. Robertson
- EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK; (N.J.R.); (K.T.)
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Klervi Golhen
- Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children’s Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland; (K.G.); (J.v.d.A.)
| | - John van den Anker
- Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children’s Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland; (K.G.); (J.v.d.A.)
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | - Katie Tucker
- EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK; (N.J.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Thomas K. Felder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
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El-Mahdy NA, Abou-Saif S, Abd EL hamid MI, Hashem HM, Hammad MA, Abu-Risha SES. Evaluation of the effect of direct-acting antiviral agents on melatonin level and lipid peroxidation in chronic hepatitis C patients. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1128016. [PMID: 37614319 PMCID: PMC10442483 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1128016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and its end products, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) play a leading role in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C. Melatonin is a hormone that helps regulate circadian rhythms, which likely play a role in infectious diseases in terms of susceptibility, clinical expression, and outcome. Objective: The present study was conducted to assess serum malondialdehyde and melatonin levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection before and after the intake of direct-acting antivirals. Method: Forty hepatitis C patients were the subjects of this study. While ten healthy volunteers who matched in age and socioeconomic status served as the control subjects. Malondialdehyde and melatonin were assayed in the serum of the three groups, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: Hepatitis C patients had significantly higher malondialdehyde (p < 0.001) but significantly lower melatonin (p < 0.001) as compared to the healthy controls. After 12 weeks of treatment with direct-acting antivirals, the malondialdehyde level decreased significantly (p < 0.001) and the melatonin level increased significantly (p < 0.001). A significant negative correlation between malondialdehyde and melatonin was observed. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that treatment of hepatitis C patients with Direct-acting antivirals improves liver function parameters and antioxidant profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageh Ahmed El-Mahdy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sabry Abou-Saif
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Heba M. Hashem
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Anwar Hammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
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Peng Y, Jin H, Xue YH, Chen Q, Yao SY, Du MQ, Liu S. Current and future therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease: an overview of drug development bottlenecks. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1206572. [PMID: 37600514 PMCID: PMC10438465 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1206572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common chronic neurodegenerative disease worldwide. It causes cognitive dysfunction, such as aphasia and agnosia, and mental symptoms, such as behavioral abnormalities; all of which place a significant psychological and economic burden on the patients' families. No specific drugs are currently available for the treatment of AD, and the current drugs for AD only delay disease onset and progression. The pathophysiological basis of AD involves abnormal deposition of beta-amyloid protein (Aβ), abnormal tau protein phosphorylation, decreased activity of acetylcholine content, glutamate toxicity, autophagy, inflammatory reactions, mitochondria-targeting, and multi-targets. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved five drugs for clinical use: tacrine, donepezil, carbalatine, galantamine, memantine, and lecanemab. We have focused on the newer drugs that have undergone clinical trials, most of which have not been successful as a result of excessive clinical side effects or poor efficacy. Although aducanumab received rapid approval from the FDA on 7 June 2021, its long-term safety and tolerability require further monitoring and confirmation. In this literature review, we aimed to explore the possible pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of AD. We focused on anti-Aβ and anti-tau drugs, mitochondria-targeting and multi-targets, commercially available drugs, bottlenecks encountered in drug development, and the possible targets and therapeutic strategies for future drug development. We hope to present new concepts and methods for future drug therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Peng
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-hui Xue
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Shun-yu Yao
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Miao-qiao Du
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
- Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
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Ucuncu Egeli T, Tufekci KU, Ural C, Durur DY, Tuzun Erdogan F, Cavdar Z, Genc S, Keskinoglu P, Duman N, Ozkan H. A New Perspective on the Pathogenesis of Infantile Colic: Is Infantile Colic a Biorhythm Disorder? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2023; 77:171-177. [PMID: 37098054 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the relationship between infantile colic, migraine, and biorhythm regulation, by evaluating biochemical and molecular parameters. STUDY DESIGN Healthy infants with and without infantile colic were eligible for this prospective cohort study. A questionnaire was applied. Between the 6th and 8th postnatal weeks, day and night circadian histone gene H3f3b mRNA expression and spot urine excretion of serotonin, cortisol, and 6-sulphatoxymelatonin were analyzed. RESULTS Among the 95 infants included, 49 were diagnosed with infantile colic. In the colic group, defecation difficulty, sensitivity to light/sound, and maternal migraine frequency increased and sleep disruption was typical. In the melatonin analysis, the difference between day and night levels was significant in the control group, indicating an established circadian rhythm ( P = 0.014). In the colic group, there was no day-night difference ( P = 0.216) in melatonin, but serotonin levels were higher at night. In the cortisol analysis, day-night values were similar in both groups. Day-night variability of H3f3b mRNA levels between the groups was significant, indicating circadian rhythm disturbance in the colic group compared to the control group ( P = 0.003). Fluctuations in circadian genes and hormones expected in healthy rhythm were revealed in the control group, but were missing in the colic group. CONCLUSION Due to the gaps in the etipathogenesis in infantile colic, a unique effective agent has not been discovered so far. This study, which demonstrated for the first time that infantile colic is a biorhythm disorder using molecular methods, fills the gap in this regard and points to a completely different perspective in terms of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Ucuncu Egeli
- From the Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Ugur Tufekci
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
- Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cemre Ural
- the Department of Molecular Medicine, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Devrim Yagmur Durur
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
- Michigan Technological Houghton, Houghton, MI
| | - Funda Tuzun Erdogan
- From the Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zahide Cavdar
- the Department of Molecular Medicine, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
- the Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pembe Keskinoglu
- the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nuray Duman
- From the Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Ozkan
- From the Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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An S, Nedumaran B, Koh H, Joo DJ, Lee H, Park CS, Harris RA, Shin KS, Djalilian AR, Kim YD. Enhancement of the SESN2-SHP cascade by melatonin ameliorates hepatic gluconeogenesis by inhibiting the CRBN-BTG2-CREBH signaling pathway. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01040-x. [PMID: 37488285 PMCID: PMC10393991 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is involved in the regulation of various biological functions. Here, we explored a novel molecular mechanism by which the melatonin-induced sestrin2 (SESN2)-small heterodimer partner (SHP) signaling pathway protects against fasting- and diabetes-mediated hepatic glucose metabolism. Various key gene expression analyses were performed and multiple metabolic changes were assessed in liver specimens and primary hepatocytes of mice and human participants. The expression of the hepatic cereblon (CRBN) and b-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) genes was significantly increased in fasting mice, diabetic mice, and patients with diabetes. Overexpression of Crbn and Btg2 increased hepatic gluconeogenesis by enhancing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-responsive element-binding protein H (CREBH), whereas this phenomenon was prominently ablated in Crbn null mice and Btg2-silenced mice. Interestingly, melatonin-induced SESN2 and SHP markedly reduced hepatic glucose metabolism in diabetic mice and primary hepatocytes, and this protective effect of melatonin was strikingly reversed by silencing Sesn2 and Shp. Finally, the melatonin-induced SESN2-SHP signaling pathway inhibited CRBN- and BTG2-mediated hepatic gluconeogenic gene transcription via the competition of BTG2 and the interaction of CREBH. Mitigation of the CRBN-BTG2-CREBH axis by the melatonin-SESN2-SHP signaling network may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to treat metabolic dysfunction due to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon An
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Balachandar Nedumaran
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Hong Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Joo
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences and Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Keong Sub Shin
- DUKSAN Institute of Biomedical and Life Science, Gwangmyeong, 14348, Republic of Korea
- Young Sciences, Inc., Bucheon, 14449, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yong Deuk Kim
- DUKSAN Institute of Biomedical and Life Science, Gwangmyeong, 14348, Republic of Korea.
- Young Sciences, Inc., Bucheon, 14449, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Kitase Y, Madurai NK, Hamimi S, Hellinger RL, Odukoya OA, Ramachandra S, Muthukumar S, Vasan V, Sevensky R, Kirk SE, Gall A, Heck T, Ozen M, Orsburn BC, Robinson S, Jantzie LL. Chorioamnionitis disrupts erythropoietin and melatonin homeostasis through the placental-fetal-brain axis during critical developmental periods. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1201699. [PMID: 37546540 PMCID: PMC10398572 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1201699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Novel therapeutics are emerging to mitigate damage from perinatal brain injury (PBI). Few newborns with PBI suffer from a singular etiology. Most experience cumulative insults from prenatal inflammation, genetic and epigenetic vulnerability, toxins (opioids, other drug exposures, environmental exposure), hypoxia-ischemia, and postnatal stressors such as sepsis and seizures. Accordingly, tailoring of emerging therapeutic regimens with endogenous repair or neuro-immunomodulatory agents for individuals requires a more precise understanding of ligand, receptor-, and non-receptor-mediated regulation of essential developmental hormones. Given the recent clinical focus on neurorepair for PBI, we hypothesized that there would be injury-induced changes in erythropoietin (EPO), erythropoietin receptor (EPOR), melatonin receptor (MLTR), NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) signaling, and hypoxia inducible factors (HIF1α, HIF2α). Specifically, we predicted that EPO, EPOR, MLTR1, SIRT1, HIF1α and HIF2α alterations after chorioamnionitis (CHORIO) would reflect relative changes observed in human preterm infants. Similarly, we expected unique developmental regulation after injury that would reveal potential clues to mechanisms and timing of inflammatory and oxidative injury after CHORIO that could inform future therapeutic development to treat PBI. Methods: To induce CHORIO, a laparotomy was performed on embryonic day 18 (E18) in rats with transient uterine artery occlusion plus intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Placentae and fetal brains were collected at 24 h. Brains were also collected on postnatal day 2 (P2), P7, and P21. EPO, EPOR, MLTR1, SIRT1, HIF1α and HIF2α levels were quantified using a clinical electrochemiluminescent biomarker platform, qPCR, and/or RNAscope. MLT levels were quantified with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Results: Examination of EPO, EPOR, and MLTR1 at 24 h showed that while placental levels of EPO and MLTR1 mRNA were decreased acutely after CHORIO, cerebral levels of EPO, EPOR and MLTR1 mRNA were increased compared to control. Notably, CHORIO brains at P2 were SIRT1 mRNA deficient with increased HIF1α and HIF2α despite normalized levels of EPO, EPOR and MLTR1, and in the presence of elevated serum EPO levels. Uniquely, brain levels of EPO, EPOR and MLTR1 shifted at P7 and P21, with prominent CHORIO-induced changes in mRNA expression. Reductions at P21 were concomitant with increased serum EPO levels in CHORIO rats compared to controls and variable MLT levels. Discussion: These data reveal that commensurate with robust inflammation through the maternal placental-fetal axis, CHORIO impacts EPO, MLT, SIRT1, and HIF signal transduction defined by dynamic changes in EPO, EPOR, MLTR1, SIRT1, HIF1α and HIF2α mRNA, and EPO protein. Notably, ligand-receptor mismatch, tissue compartment differential regulation, and non-receptor-mediated signaling highlight the importance, complexity and nuance of neural and immune cell development and provide essential clues to mechanisms of injury in PBI. As the placenta, immune cells, and neural cells share many common, developmentally regulated signal transduction pathways, further studies are needed to clarify the perinatal dynamics of EPO and MLT signaling and to capitalize on therapies that target endogenous neurorepair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Kitase
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nethra K. Madurai
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sarah Hamimi
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ryan L. Hellinger
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - O. Angel Odukoya
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sindhu Ramachandra
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sankar Muthukumar
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vikram Vasan
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Riley Sevensky
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shannon E. Kirk
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexander Gall
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Timothy Heck
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maide Ozen
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Benjamin C. Orsburn
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shenandoah Robinson
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lauren L. Jantzie
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Ozon EA, Iuga IDM, Mititelu M, Musuc AM, Manolescu BN, Petrescu S, Cusu JP, Rusu A, Surdu VA, Oprea E, Neacșu SM, Karampelas O, Elian V. Pharmacotechnical, Physico-Chemical, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Newly Developed Capsule Formulations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11426. [PMID: 37511185 PMCID: PMC10379583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The excess of free radicals causes numerous imbalances in the body that lead to premature aging, the degradation of internal structures, and the appearance of numerous pathologies responsible for the increased risk of premature death. The present work aims to evaluate the physical, chemical, pharmacotechnical, and antioxidant activity of newly achieved capsule formulations. These two formulations were F1a.i., which contains melatonin:biotin:coenzyme Q10 (weight ratio of 1:2:60), and F2a.i., which contains quercetin:resveratrol:biotin:coenzyme Q10 (weight ratio of 10:10:1:10). The adequate selection of the excipient types and amounts for final capsule formulations (F1c.c., F2c.c.) was based on preformulation studies performed on the powders containing active ingredients. The antioxidant activity assessed using three methods (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP) compared with acid ascorbic as a positive control demonstrated that the F2c.c. formulation possesses the strongest antioxidant capacity. The results confirmed the suitable formulation and the accurate selection of the types and amounts of active ingredients, as well as the auxiliary excipients used in newly developed capsule formulations as supplements with an excellent antioxidant effect on the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Adriana Ozon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Izabela Dana Maria Iuga
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Nicolae Manolescu
- "C. Nenitescu" Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Science of Materials, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Petrescu
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jeanina Pandele Cusu
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Rusu
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vasile-Adrian Surdu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eliza Oprea
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Portocalilor Way, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Oana Karampelas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viviana Elian
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, INDNBM N.C. Paulescu, 5-7 Ion Movila Street, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
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Mehrzadi S, Sheibani M, Koosha F, Alinaghian N, Pourhanifeh MH, Tabaeian SAP, Reiter RJ, Hosseinzadeh A. Protective and therapeutic potential of melatonin against intestinal diseases: updated review of current data based on molecular mechanisms. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:1011-1029. [PMID: 37796746 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2267439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal diseases, a leading global cause of mortality and morbidity, carry a substantial socioeconomic burden. Small and large intestines play pivotal roles in gastrointestinal physiology and food digestion. Pathological conditions, such as gut dysbiosis, inflammation, cancer, therapy-related complications, ulcers, and ischemia, necessitate the urgent exploration of safe and effective complementary therapeutic strategies for optimal intestinal health. AREAS COVERED This article evaluates the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin, a molecule with a wide range of physiological actions, on intestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colon cancer, gastric/duodenal ulcers and other intestinal disorders. EXPERT OPINION Due to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as various biological actions, melatonin could be a therapeutic option for improving digestive disorders. However, more researches are needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of using melatonin for digestive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Koosha
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Alinaghian
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sabir H, Maes E, Zweyer M, Schleehuber Y, Imam FB, Silverman J, White Y, Pang R, Pasca AM, Robertson NJ, Maltepe E, Bernis ME. Comparing the efficacy in reducing brain injury of different neuroprotective agents following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in newborn rats: a multi-drug randomized controlled screening trial. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9467. [PMID: 37301929 PMCID: PMC10257179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36653-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrapartum hypoxia-ischemia leading to neonatal encephalopathy (NE) results in significant neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide, with > 85% of cases occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Therapeutic hypothermia (HT) is currently the only available safe and effective treatment of HIE in high-income countries (HIC); however, it has shown limited safety or efficacy in LMIC. Therefore, other therapies are urgently required. We aimed to compare the treatment effects of putative neuroprotective drug candidates following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury in an established P7 rat Vannucci model. We conducted the first multi-drug randomized controlled preclinical screening trial, investigating 25 potential therapeutic agents using a standardized experimental setting in which P7 rat pups were exposed to unilateral HI brain injury. The brains were analysed for unilateral hemispheric brain area loss after 7 days survival. Twenty animal experiments were performed. Eight of the 25 therapeutic agents significantly reduced brain area loss with the strongest treatment effect for Caffeine, Sonic Hedgehog Agonist (SAG) and Allopurinol, followed by Melatonin, Clemastine, ß-Hydroxybutyrate, Omegaven, and Iodide. The probability of efficacy was superior to that of HT for Caffeine, SAG, Allopurinol, Melatonin, Clemastine, ß-hydroxybutyrate, and Omegaven. We provide the results of the first systematic preclinical screening of potential neuroprotective treatments and present alternative single therapies that may be promising treatment options for HT in LMIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemmen Sabir
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.v., Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Elke Maes
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.v., Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.v., Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yvonne Schleehuber
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.v., Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Yasmine White
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Raymand Pang
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6HU, UK
| | - Anca M Pasca
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicola J Robertson
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6HU, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Emin Maltepe
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria E Bernis
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.v., Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Akter R, Rahman MR, Ahmed ZS, Afrose A. Plausibility of natural immunomodulators in the treatment of COVID-19-A comprehensive analysis and future recommendations. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17478. [PMID: 37366526 PMCID: PMC10284624 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has inflicted millions of deaths worldwide. Despite the availability of several vaccines and some special drugs approved for emergency use to prevent or treat this disease still, there is a huge concern regarding their effectiveness, adverse effects, and most importantly, their efficacy against the new variants. A cascade of immune-inflammatory responses is involved with the pathogenesis and severe complications with COVID-19. People with dysfunctional and compromised immune systems display severe complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, multiple organ failure etc., when they get infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Plant-derived natural immune-suppressant compounds, such as resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, berberine, luteolin, etc., have been reported to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Therefore, natural products with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential could be plausible targets to treat this contagious disease. This review aims to delineate the clinical trials status and outcomes of natural compounds with immunomodulatory potential in COVID-19 patients along with the outcomes of their in-vivo studies. In clinical trials several natural immunomodulators resulted in significant improvement of COVID-19 patients by diminishing COVID-19 symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, and breathlessness. Most importantly, they reduced the duration of hospitalization and the need for supplemental oxygen therapy, improved clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19, especially weakness, and eliminated acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This paper also discusses many potent natural immunomodulators yet to undergo clinical trials. In-vivo studies with natural immunomodulators demonstrated reduction of a wide range of proinflammatory cytokines. Natural immunomodulators that were found effective, safe, and well tolerated in small-scale clinical trials are warranted to undergo large-scale trials to be used as drugs to treat COVID-19 infections. Alongside, compounds yet to test clinically must undergo clinical trials to find their effectiveness and safety in the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushanara Akter
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rashidur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Zainab Syed Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afrina Afrose
- School of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Dou X, Luo Q, Xie L, Zhou X, Song C, Liu M, Liu X, Ma Y, Liu X. Medical Prospect of Melatonin in the Intervertebral Disc Degeneration through Inhibiting M1-Type Macrophage Polarization via SIRT1/Notch Signaling Pathway. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1615. [PMID: 37371708 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aims to explore the medical prospect of melatonin (MLT) and the underlying therapeutic mechanism of MLT-mediated macrophage (Mφ) polarization on the function of nucleus pulposus (NP) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). RAW 264.7 Mφs were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate Mφ polarization and the inflammatory reaction of Mφs with or without MLT were detected. Conditioned medium (CM) collected from these activated Mφs with or without MLT treatment were further used to incubate NP cells. The oxidative stress, inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism in NP cells were determined. Then, the changes in SIRT1/Notch signaling were detected. The agonist (SRT1720) and inhibitor (EX527) of SIRT1 were used to further explore the association among MLT. The interaction between SIRT1 and NICD was detected by immunoprecipitation (IP). Finally, puncture-induced rat IDD models were established and IDD degrees were clarified by X-ray, MRI, H&E staining and immunofluorescence (IF). The results of flow cytometry and inflammation detection indicated that LPS could induce M1-type Mφ polarization with pro-inflammatory properties. MLT significantly inhibited the aforementioned process and inhibited M1-type Mφ polarization, accompanied by the alleviation of inflammation. Compared with those without MLT, the levels of oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and ECM catabolism in NP cells exposed to CM with MLT were markedly downregulated in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of SIRT1 and the enhancement of Notch were observed in activated Mφs and they can be reversed after MLT treatment. This prediction was further confirmed by using the SRT1720 and EX527 to activate or inhibit the signaling. The interaction between SIRT1 and NICD was verified by IP. In vivo study, the results of MRI, Pfirrmann grade scores and H&E staining demonstrated the degree of disc degeneration was significantly lower in the MLT-treated groups when compared with the IDD control group. The IF data showed M1-type Mφ polarization decreased after MLT treatment. MLT could inhibit M1-type Mφ polarization and ameliorate the NP cell injury caused by inflammation in vitro and vivo, which is of great significance for the remission of IDD. The SIRT1/Notch signaling pathway is a promising target for MLT to mediate Mφ polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Dou
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing 100191, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qipeng Luo
- Pain Medical Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Linzhen Xie
- Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chunyu Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing 100191, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- Pain Medical Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing 100191, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
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50
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Booker LA, Lenz KE, Spong J, Deacon-Crouch M, Wilson DL, Nguyen TH, Skinner TC. High-Temperature Pasteurization Used at Donor Breast Milk Banks Reduces Melatonin Levels in Breast Milk. Breastfeed Med 2023. [PMID: 37257176 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: Donor human milk banks are used when breast milk directly from mothers is unavailable or insufficient. Breast milk contains melatonin, which exhibits a 24-hour pattern. Melatonin promotes sleep onset and is barely detected in daytime milk but rises in the evening and peaks early in the morning. Melatonin supports the development of an infant's own circadian rhythm and is important for neurodevelopment. Currently, donor banks pasteurize breast milk using a Holder Pasteurization (HoP) technique where breast milk is treated at a high temperature (+62°) for 30 minutes before cooling to eliminate any pathogens before it is given to infants. It is not known how the pasteurization process affects the melatonin levels in breast milk. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the pasteurization process reduces melatonin levels in breast milk. Materials and Methods: Ten night-time breast milk samples were collected and each divided into two groups; one group remained unpasteurized and the other group was pasteurized using the HoP technique. Results: Melatonin levels between the unpasteurized and pasteurized groups were compared. Results showed that there was a significant reduction after pasteurization (mean ± standard deviation = 51.92 pg/mL ± 19.54 versus 39.66 pg/mL ± 13.05, p = 0.01). Conclusions: It is important to understand that pasteurization can reduce melatonin levels in breast milk because this hormone is considered important to support the neurodevelopment of infants, especially those born preterm. Further focus on the effect of pasteurization techniques on melatonin in donor breast milk is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Booker
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katrin E Lenz
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Spong
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Rural Department of Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Deacon-Crouch
- Rural Department of Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle L Wilson
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Trang H Nguyen
- Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Timothy C Skinner
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Health and Society, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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