1
|
Patrick C, Ettah U, Nguyen V, Hart C, Atchley E, Mallela K, Scheinman RI, Monte AA. Functional differences in the mu opioid receptor SNP 118A>G are dependent on receptor splice-variant and agonist-specific recruitment of β-arrestin. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13888. [PMID: 39118392 PMCID: PMC11310404 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The OPRM1 gene codes for the mu opioid receptor (MOR) and polymorphisms are associated with complex patient clinical responses. The most studied single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in OPRM1 is adenine (A) substituted by guanine (G) at position 118 (118A>G, rs1799971) leading to a substitution of asparagine (Asn) for aspartic acid (Asp) at position 40 in the N terminus of the resulting protein. To date, no structural explanation for the associated clinical responses resulting from the 118A>G polymorphism has been proposed. We utilized computational modeling paired with functional cellular assays to predict unstructured N- and C-terminal regions of MOR-1. Using molecular docking and post-docking energy minimizations with morphine, we show that the extracellular substitution of Asn at position 40 alters the cytoplasmic C-terminal conformation, while leaving the G-protein binding interface unaffected. A real-time BRET assay measuring G-protein and β-arrestin association with MOR r generated data that tested this prediction. Consistent with this in silico prediction, we show changes in morphine-mediated β-arrestin association with receptor variants with little change in morphine-mediated G-protein association comparing MOR-1 wild type (WT) to MOR-1118A>G. We tested the system with different opioid agonists, the OPRM1 118A>G SNP, and different MOR splice variants (MOR-1 and MOR-1O). These results are consistent with the observation that patients with the 118A>G OPRM1 allele respond more readily to fentanyl than to morphine. In conclusion, the 118A>G substitution alters receptor responses to opioids through variable C-terminal domain movements that are agonist and splice variant dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casey Patrick
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Utibeabasi Ettah
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Vu Nguyen
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Caitlin Hart
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Evan Atchley
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Krishna Mallela
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert I Scheinman
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrew A Monte
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Agulló L, Escorial M, Orutño S, Muriel J, Sandoval J, Margarit C, Peiró AM. Epigenetic and sex differences in opioid use disorder in chronic pain: A real-world study linked with OPRM1 DNA methylation. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13422. [PMID: 38949208 PMCID: PMC11215788 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a multifaceted condition influenced by sex, genetic and environmental factors that could be linked with epigenetic changes. Understanding how these factors interact is crucial to understand and address the development and progression of this disorder. Our aim was to elucidate different potential epigenetic and genetic mechanisms between women and men that correlate with OUD under real-world pain unit conditions. Associations between analgesic response and the DNA methylation level of the opioid mu receptor (OPRM1) gene (CpG sites 1-5 selected in the promoter region) were evaluated in 345 long opioid-treated chronic non cancer pain: cases with OUD (n = 67) and controls (without OUD, n = 278). Cases showed younger ages, low employment status and quality of life, but higher morphine equivalent daily dose and psychotropic use, compared to the controls. The patients with OUD showed a significant decrease in OPRM1 DNA methylation, which correlated with clinical outcomes like pain relief, depression and different adverse events. Significant differences were found at the five CpG sites studied for men, and exclusively in women for CpG site 3, in relation to OUD diagnosis. These findings support the importance of epigenetics and sex as biological variables to be considered toward efficient OUD understanding and therapy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Agulló
- Pharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology DepartmentAlicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
- Bioengineering Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Paediatrics and Organic ChemistryMiguel Hernández University (UMH)ElcheSpain
| | - Mónica Escorial
- Pharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology DepartmentAlicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
- Bioengineering Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Paediatrics and Organic ChemistryMiguel Hernández University (UMH)ElcheSpain
| | - Samantha Orutño
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
| | - Javier Muriel
- Pharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology DepartmentAlicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Epigenomics UnitLa Fe Health Research InstituteValenciaSpain
| | - César Margarit
- Pain Unit, Department of Health of AlicanteDr. Balmis General HospitalAlicanteSpain
| | - Ana M. Peiró
- Pharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology DepartmentAlicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
- Bioengineering Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Paediatrics and Organic ChemistryMiguel Hernández University (UMH)ElcheSpain
- Pain Unit, Department of Health of AlicanteDr. Balmis General HospitalAlicanteSpain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cheong Y, Lee S, Okazawa H, Kosaka H, Jung M. Effects of functional polymorphisms of opioid receptor mu 1 and catechol-O-methyltransferase on the neural processing of pain. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 78:300-308. [PMID: 38403942 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM Pain is reconstructed by brain activities and its subjectivity comes from an interplay of multiple factors. The current study aims to understand the contribution of genetic factors to the neural processing of pain. Focusing on the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of opioid receptor mu 1 (OPRM1) A118G (rs1799971) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) val158met (rs4680), we investigated how the two pain genes affect pain processing. METHOD We integrated a genetic approach with functional neuroimaging. We extracted genomic DNA information from saliva samples to genotype the SNP of OPRM1 and COMT. We used a percept-related model, in which two different levels of perceived pain intensities ("low pain: mildly painful" vs "high pain: severely painful") were employed as experimental stimuli. RESULTS Low pain involves a broader network relative to high pain. The distinct effects of pain genes were observed depending on the perceived pain intensity. The effects of low pain were found in supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) for OPRM1 and in middle temporal gyrus for COMT. For high pain, OPRM1 affected the insula and cerebellum, while COMT affected the middle occipital gyrus and ACC. CONCLUSION OPRM1 primarily affects sensory and cognitive components of pain processing, while COMT mainly influences emotional aspects of pain processing. The interaction of the two pain genes was associated with neural patterns coding for high pain and neural activation in the ACC in response to pain. The proteins encoded by the OPRM1 and COMT may contribute to the firing of pain-related neurons in the human ACC, a critical center for subjective pain experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjeon Cheong
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonkyoung Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hidehiko Okazawa
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Minyoung Jung
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Duffy EP, Ward JO, Hale LH, Brown KT, Kwilasz AJ, Saba LM, Ehringer MA, Bachtell RK. Genetic background and sex influence somatosensory sensitivity and oxycodone analgesia in the Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2024; 23:e12894. [PMID: 38597363 PMCID: PMC11005106 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is an ongoing public health concern in the United States, and relatively little work has addressed how genetic background contributes to OUD. Understanding the genetic contributions to oxycodone-induced analgesia could provide insight into the early stages of OUD development. Here, we present findings from a behavioral phenotyping protocol using several inbred strains from the Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel. Our behavioral protocol included a modified "up-down" von Frey procedure to measure inherent strain differences in the sensitivity to a mechanical stimulus on the hindpaw. We also performed the tail immersion assay, which measures the latency to display tail withdrawal in response to a hot water bath. Initial withdrawal thresholds were taken in drug-naïve animals to record baseline thermal sensitivity across the strains. Oxycodone-induced analgesia was measured after administration of oxycodone over the course of 2 h. Both mechanical and thermal sensitivity are shaped by genetic factors and display moderate heritability (h2 = 0.23-0.40). All strains displayed oxycodone-induced analgesia that peaked at 15-30 min and returned to baseline by 2 h. There were significant differences between the strains in the magnitude and duration of their analgesic response to oxycodone, although the heritability estimates were quite modest (h2 = 0.10-0.15). These data demonstrate that genetic background confers differences in mechanical sensitivity, thermal sensitivity, and oxycodone-induced analgesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn P. Duffy
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
- Institute for Behavioral GeneticsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - J. O. Ward
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - L. H. Hale
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - K. T. Brown
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Andrew J. Kwilasz
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Laura M. Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Marissa A. Ehringer
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
- Institute for Behavioral GeneticsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Ryan K. Bachtell
- Institute for Behavioral GeneticsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Randesi M, Blendy JA, Kreek MJ, Butelman ER. Impact of OPRM1 (Mu-opioid Receptor Gene) A112G Polymorphism on Dual Oxycodone and Cocaine Self-administration Behavior in a Mouse Model. Neuroscience 2024; 539:76-85. [PMID: 38211933 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The use of mu-opioid receptor (MOP-r) agonists such as oxycodone together with cocaine is prevalent, and deaths attributed to using these combinations have increased. RATIONALE It is unknown if functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), such as the OPRM1 (MOP-r gene) SNP A118G, can predispose individuals to more dual opioid and psychostimulant intake. The dual self-administration (SA) of MOP-r agonists and cocaine has not been thoroughly examined, especially with regard to neurobiological changes. OBJECTIVES We examined oxycodone SA and subsequent dual oxycodone and cocaine SA in male and female A112G (A/G and G/G, heterozygote and homozygote, respectively) mice, models of human A118G carriers, versus wild-type (A/A) mice. METHODS Adult male and female A/G, G/G and A/A mice self-administered oxycodone (0.25 mg/kg/infusion, 4hr/session, FR 1.) for 10 consecutive days (sessions 1-10). Mice then self-administered cocaine (2 hr) following oxycodone SA (4 hr, as above) in each session for a further 10 consecutive days (sessions 11-20). Message RNA transcripts of 24 reward-related genes were examined in the dorsal striatum. RESULTS Male and female A/G and G/G mice had greater oxycodone SA than A/A mice did in the initial 10 days and in the last 10 sessions. Further, A/G and G/G mice showed greater cocaine intake than A/A mice. Dorsal striatal mRNA levels of Pdyn, Fkbp5, Oprk1, and Oprm1 were altered following oxycodone and cocaine SA. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrated that this functional genetic variation in Oprm1 affected dual opioid and cocaine SA and altered specific gene expression in the striatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Matthew Randesi
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Julie A Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mary Jeanne Kreek
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Eduardo R Butelman
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States; Neuropsychoimaging of Addictions and Related Conditions Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elder TR, Turner JR. Nicotine use disorder and Neuregulin 3: Opportunities for precision medicine. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2024; 99:387-404. [PMID: 38467488 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Nicotine use disorder remains a major public health emergency despite years of trumpeting the consequences of smoking. This is likely due to the complex interplay of genetics and nicotine exposure across the lifespan of these individuals. Genetics influence all aspects of life, including complex disorders such as nicotine use disorder. This review first highlights the critical neurocircuitry underlying nicotine dependence and withdrawal, and then describes the cellular signaling mechanisms involved. Finally, current genetic, genomic, and transcriptomic evidence for new drug development of smoking cessation aids is discussed, with a focus on the Neuregulin 3 Signaling Pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor R Elder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jill R Turner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xie Y, Brynildsen JK, Windisch K, Blendy JA. Neural Network Connectivity Following Opioid Dependence is Altered by a Common Genetic Variant in the µ-Opioid Receptor, OPRM1 A118G. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1492232023. [PMID: 38124015 PMCID: PMC10866092 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1492-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid use disorder is a chronic, relapsing disease associated with persistent changes in brain plasticity. A common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the µ-opioid receptor gene, OPRM1 A118G, is associated with altered vulnerability to opioid addiction. Reconfiguration of neuronal connectivity may explain dependence risk in individuals with this SNP. Mice with the equivalent Oprm1 variant, A112G, demonstrate sex-specific alterations in the rewarding properties of morphine and heroin. To determine whether this SNP influences network-level changes in neuronal activity, we compared FOS expression in male and female mice that were opioid-naive or opioid-dependent. Network analyses identified significant differences between the AA and GG Oprm1 genotypes. Based on several graph theory metrics, including small-world analysis and degree centrality, we show that GG females in the opioid-dependent state exhibit distinct patterns of connectivity compared to other groups of the same genotype. Using a network control theory approach, we identified key cortical brain regions that drive the transition between opioid-naive and opioid-dependent brain states; however, these regions are less influential in GG females leading to sixfold higher average minimum energy needed to transition from the acute to the dependent state. In addition, we found that the opioid-dependent brain state is significantly less stable in GG females compared to other groups. Collectively, our findings demonstrate sex- and genotype-specific modifications in local, mesoscale, and global properties of functional brain networks following opioid exposure and provide a framework for identifying genotype differences in specific brain regions that play a role in opioid dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Xie
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia K Brynildsen
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| | - Kyle Windisch
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| | - Julie A Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dunn KE, Huhn AS, Finan PH, Mange A, Bergeria CL, Maher BS, Rabinowitz JA, Strain EC, Antoine D. Polymorphisms in the A118G SNP of the OPRM1 gene produce different experiences of opioids: A human laboratory phenotype-genotype assessment. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13355. [PMID: 38221808 PMCID: PMC10898793 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Allelic variations in the A118G SNP of the OPRM1 gene change opioid signaling; however, evaluations of how allelic differences may influence opioid effects are lacking. This human laboratory paradigm examined whether the AA versus AG/GG genotypes determined opioid response profiles. Individuals with limited opioid exposure (N = 100) completed a five-day within-subject, double-blind, placebo-controlled, residential study. Participants were admitted (Day 1), received 4 mg hydromorphone (Day 2) and 0 mg, 2 mg and 8 mg hydromorphone in randomized order (Days 3-5) and completed self-reported visual analog scale (VAS) ratings and Likert scales, observed VAS, and physiological responses at baseline and for 6.5 h post-dose. Outcomes were analysed as peak/nadir effects over time as a function of genotype (available for N = 96 individuals; AG/GG = 13.5%, AA = 86.4%). Participants with AG/GG rated low and moderate doses of hydromorphone as significantly more positive (e.g., Good Effects VAS, coasting, drive, friendly, talkative, stimulation) with fewer negative effects (e.g., itchy skin, nausea, sleepiness), and were also observed as being more talkative and energetic relative to persons with AA. Persons with AG/GG were less physiologically reactive as determined by diastolic blood pressure and heart rate, but had more changes in core temperature compared with those with AA. Persons with AA also demonstrated more prototypic agonist effects across doses; persons with AG/GG showed limited response to 2 mg and 4 mg. Data suggest persons with AG/GG genotype experienced more pleasant and fewer unpleasant responses to hydromorphone relative to persons with AA. Future studies should replicate these laboratory findings in clinical populations to support a precision medicine approach to opioid prescribing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E. Dunn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Andrew S. Huhn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Patrick H. Finan
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Ami Mange
- Yale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Cecilia L. Bergeria
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Brion S. Maher
- Department of Mental HealthJohns Hopkins University School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jill A. Rabinowitz
- Department of Mental HealthJohns Hopkins University School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Eric C. Strain
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Denis Antoine
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duffy EP, Bachtell RK, Ehringer MA. Opioid trail: Tracking contributions to opioid use disorder from host genetics to the gut microbiome. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105487. [PMID: 38040073 PMCID: PMC10836641 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a worldwide public health crisis with few effective treatment options. Traditional genetics and neuroscience approaches have provided knowledge about biological mechanisms that contribute to OUD-related phenotypes, but the complexity and magnitude of effects in the brain and body remain poorly understood. The gut-brain axis has emerged as a promising target for future therapeutics for several psychiatric conditions, so characterizing the relationship between host genetics and the gut microbiome in the context of OUD will be essential for development of novel treatments. In this review, we describe evidence that interactions between host genetics, the gut microbiome, and immune signaling likely play a key role in mediating opioid-related phenotypes. Studies in humans and model organisms consistently demonstrated that genetic background is a major determinant of gut microbiome composition. Furthermore, the gut microbiome is susceptible to environmental influences such as opioid exposure. Additional work focused on gene by microbiome interactions will be necessary to gain improved understanding of their effects on OUD-related behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn P Duffy
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Ryan K Bachtell
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Marissa A Ehringer
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gameiro‐Ros I, Popova D, Prytkova I, Pang ZP, Liu Y, Dick D, Bucholz KK, Agrawal A, Porjesz B, Goate AM, Xuei X, Kamarajan C, Tischfield JA, Edenberg HJ, Slesinger PA, Hart RP. 5. Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism: Functional genomics. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 22:e12855. [PMID: 37533187 PMCID: PMC10550792 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder is a complex genetic disorder, involving genetic, neural, and environmental factors, and their interactions. The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) has been investigating these factors and identified putative alcohol use disorder risk genes through genome-wide association studies. In this review, we describe advances made by COGA in elucidating the functional changes induced by alcohol use disorder risk genes using multimodal approaches with human cell lines and brain tissue. These studies involve investigating gene regulation in lymphoblastoid cells from COGA participants and in post-mortem brain tissues. High throughput reporter assays are being used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms in which alternate alleles differ in driving gene expression. Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (both coding or noncoding) have been modeled using induced pluripotent stem cells derived from COGA participants to evaluate the effects of genetic variants on transcriptomics, neuronal excitability, synaptic physiology, and the response to ethanol in human neurons from individuals with and without alcohol use disorder. We provide a perspective on future studies, such as using polygenic risk scores and populations of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons to identify signaling pathways related with responses to alcohol. Starting with genes or loci associated with alcohol use disorder, COGA has demonstrated that integration of multimodal data within COGA participants and functional studies can reveal mechanisms linking genomic variants with alcohol use disorder, and potential targets for future treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gameiro‐Ros
- Nash Family Department of NeuroscienceIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Dina Popova
- Human Genetics Institute of New JerseyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Iya Prytkova
- Nash Family Department of NeuroscienceIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Zhiping P. Pang
- Human Genetics Institute of New JerseyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Danielle Dick
- Rutgers Addiction Research Center, Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Kathleen K. Bucholz
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesSUNY Downstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Nash Family Department of NeuroscienceIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesSUNY Downstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Jay A. Tischfield
- Human Genetics Institute of New JerseyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
- Department of GeneticsRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Paul A. Slesinger
- Nash Family Department of NeuroscienceIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ronald P. Hart
- Human Genetics Institute of New JerseyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
- Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Eacret D, Manduchi E, Noreck J, Tyner E, Fenik P, Dunn AD, Schug J, Veasey SC, Blendy JA. Mu-opioid receptor-expressing neurons in the paraventricular thalamus modulate chronic morphine-induced wake alterations. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:78. [PMID: 36869037 PMCID: PMC9984393 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Disrupted sleep is a symptom of many psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. Most drugs of abuse, including opioids, disrupt sleep. However, the extent and consequence of opioid-induced sleep disturbance, especially during chronic drug exposure, is understudied. We have previously shown that sleep disturbance alters voluntary morphine intake. Here, we examine the effects of acute and chronic morphine exposure on sleep. Using an oral self-administration paradigm, we show that morphine disrupts sleep, most significantly during the dark cycle in chronic morphine, with a concomitant sustained increase in neural activity in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Thalamus (PVT). Morphine binds primarily to Mu Opioid Receptors (MORs), which are highly expressed in the PVT. Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP)-Sequencing of PVT neurons that express MORs showed significant enrichment of the circadian entrainment pathway. To determine whether MOR + cells in the PVT mediate morphine-induced sleep/wake properties, we inhibited these neurons during the dark cycle while mice were self-administering morphine. This inhibition decreased morphine-induced wakefulness but not general wakefulness, indicating that MORs in the PVT contribute to opioid-specific wake alterations. Overall, our results suggest an important role for PVT neurons that express MORs in mediating morphine-induced sleep disturbance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darrell Eacret
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elisabetta Manduchi
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Julia Noreck
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emma Tyner
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Polina Fenik
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Amelia D Dunn
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Schug
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sigrid C Veasey
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Julie A Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mengaziol J, Dunn AD, Salimando G, Wooldridge L, Crues-Muncunill J, Eacret D, Chen C, Bland K, Liu- Chen LY, Ehrlich ME, Corder G, Blendy JA. A novel Oprm1-Cre mouse maintains endogenous expression, function and enables detailed molecular characterization of μ-opioid receptor cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270317. [PMID: 36534642 PMCID: PMC9762562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Key targets of both the therapeutic and abused properties of opioids are μ-opioid receptors (MORs). Despite years of research investigating the biochemistry and signal transduction pathways associated with MOR activation, we do not fully understand the cellular mechanisms underlying opioid addiction. Given that addictive opioids such as morphine, oxycodone, heroin, and fentanyl all activate MORs, and current therapies such as naloxone and buprenorphine block this activation, the availability of tools to mechanistically investigate opioid-mediated cellular and behavioral phenotypes are necessary. Therefore, we derived, validated, and applied a novel MOR-specific Cre mouse line, inserting a T2A cleavable peptide sequence and the Cre coding sequence into the MOR 3'UTR. Importantly, this line shows specificity and fidelity of MOR expression throughout the brain and with respect to function, there were no differences in behavioral responses to morphine when compared to wild type mice, nor are there any alterations in Oprm1 gene expression or receptor density. To assess Cre recombinase activity, MOR-Cre mice were crossed with the floxed GFP-reporters, RosaLSLSun1-sfGFP or RosaLSL-GFP-L10a. The latter allowed for cell type specific RNA sequencing via TRAP (Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification) of striatal MOR+ neurons following opioid withdrawal. The breadth of utility of this new tool will greatly facilitate the study of opioid biology under varying conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Mengaziol
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Amelia D. Dunn
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gregory Salimando
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lisa Wooldridge
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jordi Crues-Muncunill
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Darrell Eacret
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chongguang Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research and Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kathryn Bland
- Center for Substance Abuse Research and Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lee-Yuan Liu- Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research and Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Gregory Corder
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julie A. Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kosten TR, Domingo CB, Haile CN, Nielsen DA. A Clinical Trial of Entolimod a TLR-5 Adjuvant for Vaccines Using Diphtheria or Tetanus as Carrier Proteins. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101592. [PMID: 36298456 PMCID: PMC9611255 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-drug vaccines previously failed clinical trials because they did not provide a sufficient titer or duration of antibodies (AB), but new adjuvants enhance both AB titers and efficacy duration. This clinical trial assessed AB titers after a single booster of commercial tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine in 40 males randomized as 15 to Td alone and 25 to Td combined with the TLR5 adjuvant, Entolimod (Ent). Ent significantly increased ABs against diphtheria (DPT) (0.46 vs. 0.29 IU/mL increase; n = 40, p < 0.05), but against tetanus (TT) only if baseline TT AB was below 3 IU/mL (3.1 vs. 2.1 IU/mL; n = 20; p < 0.05). These 20 participants also showed a two-fold increase in anti-TT AB titer more often when given Ent than non-Ent (33% vs. 82%) (p < 0.03). Anti-Ent AB was low and appeared unlikely to reduce Ent efficacy after repeated Ent administration. Medical safety was excellent, and a TLR5 missense polymorphism reduced anti-DPT AB production, but Ent increased anti-DPT AB titers to levels induced in subjects with genetically “normal” TRL5 functioning. Further clinical testing of TLR5 adjuvants like Ent seems warranted for anti-drug vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Kosten
- Department of Psychiatry and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-832-331-0052
| | - Coreen B. Domingo
- Department of Psychiatry and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Colin N. Haile
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - David A. Nielsen
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Exploring Pharmacological Functions of Alternatively Spliced Variants of the Mu Opioid Receptor Gene, Oprm1, via Gene-Targeted Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063010. [PMID: 35328429 PMCID: PMC8950057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The mu opioid receptor has a distinct place in the opioid receptor family, since it mediates the actions of most opioids used clinically (e.g., morphine and fentanyl), as well as drugs of abuse (e.g., heroin). The single-copy mu opioid receptor gene, OPRM1, goes through extensive alternative pre-mRNA splicing to generate numerous splice variants that are conserved from rodents to humans. These OPRM1 splice variants can be classified into three structurally distinct types: (1) full-length 7 transmembrane (TM) carboxyl (C)-terminal variants; (2) truncated 6TM variants; and (3) single TM variants. Distinct pharmacological functions of these splice variants have been demonstrated by both in vitro and in vivo studies, particularly by using several unique gene-targeted mouse models. These studies provide new insights into our understanding of the complex actions of mu opioids with regard to OPRM1 alternative splicing. This review provides an overview of the studies that used these gene-targeted mouse models for exploring the functional importance of Oprm1 splice variants.
Collapse
|
15
|
Custodio L, Malone S, Bardo MT, Turner JR. Nicotine and opioid co-dependence: Findings from bench research to clinical trials. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 134:104507. [PMID: 34968525 PMCID: PMC10986295 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Concomitant use of tobacco and opioids represents a growing public health concern. In fact, the mortality rate due to smoking-related illness approaches 50% among SUD patients. Cumulative evidence demonstrates that the vulnerability to drugs of abuse is influenced by behavioral, environmental, and genetic factors. This review explores the contribution of genetics and neural mechanisms influencing nicotine and opioid reward, respiration, and antinociception, emphasizing the interaction of cholinergic and opioid receptor systems. Despite the substantial evidence demonstrating nicotine-opioid interactions within the brain and on behavior, the currently available pharmacotherapies targeting these systems have shown limited efficacy for smoking cessation on opioid-maintained smokers. Thus, further studies designed to identify novel targets modulating both nicotinic and opioid receptor systems may lead to more efficacious approaches for co-morbid nicotine dependence and opioid use disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Custodio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Samantha Malone
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Michael T Bardo
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jill R Turner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Eacret D, Noreck J, Blendy J. Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) in serotonin neurons mediates select behaviors during protracted withdrawal from morphine in mice. Behav Brain Res 2022; 419:113688. [PMID: 34843742 PMCID: PMC8688336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin neurotransmission has been implicated in behavior deficits that occur during protracted withdrawal from opioids. In addition, studies have highlighted multiple pathways whereby serotonin (5-HT) modulates energy homeostasis, however the underlying metabolic effects of opioid withdrawal have not been investigated. A key metabolic regulator that senses the energy status of the cell and regulates fuel availability is Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK). To investigate the interaction between cellular metabolism and serotonin in modulating protracted abstinence from morphine, we depleted AMPK in serotonin neurons. Morphine exposure via drinking water generates dependence in these mice, and both wildtype and serotonergic AMPK knockout mice consume similar amounts of morphine with no changes in body weight. Serotonergic AMPK contributes to baseline differences in open field and social interaction behaviors and blocks abstinence induced reductions in immobility following morphine withdrawal in the tail suspension test. Lastly, morphine locomotor sensitization is blunted in mice lacking AMPK in serotonin neurons. Taken together, our results suggest serotonergic AMPK mediates both baseline and protracted morphine withdrawal-induced behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Eacret
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J. Noreck
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J.A. Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Corresponding author , Phone: (215) 898-0730, Fax: (215) 573-2236
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Degrandmaison J, Rochon-Haché S, Parent JL, Gendron L. Knock-In Mouse Models to Investigate the Functions of Opioid Receptors in vivo. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:807549. [PMID: 35173584 PMCID: PMC8841419 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.807549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their low expression levels, complex multi-pass transmembrane structure, and the current lack of highly specific antibodies, the assessment of endogenous G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remains challenging. While most of the research regarding their functions was performed in heterologous systems overexpressing the receptor, recent advances in genetic engineering methods have allowed the generation of several unique mouse models. These animals proved to be useful to investigate numerous aspects underlying the physiological functions of GPCRs, including their endogenous expression, distribution, interactome, and trafficking processes. Given their significant pharmacological importance and central roles in the nervous system, opioid peptide receptors (OPr) are often referred to as prototypical receptors for the study of GPCR regulatory mechanisms. Although only a few GPCR knock-in mouse lines have thus far been generated, OPr are strikingly well represented with over 20 different knock-in models, more than half of which were developed within the last 5 years. In this review, we describe the arsenal of OPr (mu-, delta-, and kappa-opioid), as well as the opioid-related nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOP) receptor knock-in mouse models that have been generated over the past years. We further highlight the invaluable contribution of such models to our understanding of the in vivo mechanisms underlying the regulation of OPr, which could be conceivably transposed to any other GPCR, as well as the limitations, future perspectives, and possibilities enabled by such tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jade Degrandmaison
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Département de Médecine, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Quebec Network of Junior Pain Investigators, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Samuel Rochon-Haché
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Département de Médecine, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Quebec Network of Junior Pain Investigators, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Parent
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Département de Médecine, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Jean-Luc Parent,
| | - Louis Gendron
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Quebec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Louis Gendron,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stoecker WV. Part I: Missouri's Fentanyl Poisonings Rise to Record Levels. MISSOURI MEDICINE 2022; 119:489-493. [PMID: 36588654 PMCID: PMC9762215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Missourians are dying of fentanyl poisoning at an unprecedented rate. We identified growth areas in Missouri for fatal fentanyl encounters in rural and western counties. Though the deaths occur for a multitude of reasons, a growing trend adds to the surge in fentanyl fatalities: poisonings from counterfeit pills. The tablets are often labeled with brand names for alprazolam or oxycodone, but may contain only fentanyl at a dangerous level. Teenagers find counterfeit pills all too easily via social media. Believing they have found an easy way to obtain a quick high or relief of minor pain and anxiety, they take the pill alone in their bedroom, with no possibility of reversing a fatal fentanyl dose. There is a wide range of respiratory depression from illicit drugs containing fentanyl. We reviewed the physiologic respiratory response to drugs containing fentanyl that varies with genetics and the unpredictable amount of fentanyl contained in illicit drugs.
Collapse
|
19
|
Kawakami K, Miyasaka T, Nakamura Y, Metoki H, Miyata S, Sato M, Sora I, Yamauchi K, Kawakami K, Blendy JA, Kawano T, Shimokawa H, Takayanagi M, Ohno I, Takahashi T. The A118G single-nucleotide polymorphism in OPRM1 is a risk factor for asthma severity. Allergol Int 2022; 71:55-65. [PMID: 34688555 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although population studies have implicated emotional burden in asthma severity, the underlying genetic risk factors are not completely understood. We aimed to evaluate the genetic influence of a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the stress-related μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1; A118G SNP, rs1799971) on asthma severity. METHODS We initially assessed disease severity in asthmatic outpatients carrying A118G. Using an ovalbumin-induced experimental asthma rodent model harboring the functionally equivalent SNP, we investigated the mechanism by which this SNP influences the allergic immune response. RESULTS Among 292 outpatients, 168 underwent airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine testing. Compared with patients carrying the AA and AG genotypes, those carrying the GG genotype exhibited enhanced AHR. The stress levels were presumed to be moderate among patients and were comparable among genotypes. Compared with Oprm1 AA mice, GG mice demonstrated aggravated asthma-related features and increased pulmonary interleukin-4+CD4+ effector and effector memory T cells under everyday life stress conditions. Intraperitoneal naloxone methiodide injection reduced effector CD4+ T cell elevation associated with increased eosinophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of GG mice to the levels in AA mice, suggesting that elevated Th2 cell generation in the bronchial lymph node (BLN) of GG mice induces enhanced eosinophilic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Without forced stress exposure, patients with asthma carrying the OPRM1 GG genotype exhibit enhanced AHR, attributable to enhanced Th2 cell differentiation in the regional lymph node. Further research is necessary to elucidate the role of the OPRM1 A118G genotype in the Th2 cell differentiation pathway in the BLN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kawakami
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Nakamura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Sato
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sora
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamauchi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Julie A Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tasuku Kawano
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Motoaki Takayanagi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Isao Ohno
- Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
McHugh RK, Nguyen MD, Chartoff EH, Sugarman DE, Greenfield SF. Gender differences in the prevalence of heroin and opioid analgesic misuse in the United States, 2015-2019. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:108978. [PMID: 34488078 PMCID: PMC8516063 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gender differences in the prevalence of opioid misuse continue to evolve and have not been well characterized in recent years. Our objective was to investigate gender differences in the prevalence of opioid misuse and use disorder in the US over the 5-year period from 2015 to 2019. METHODS We used annual survey data from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health to estimate gender differences in the prevalence of opioid misuse. We examined past-year opioid analgesic misuse initiation, opioid analgesic misuse, heroin use, opioid analgesic use disorder and heroin use disorder. Logistic regression models were used to test gender differences, adjusting for sociodemographic variables. RESULTS In adjusted analyses, women had higher odds of having initiated opioid analgesic misuse in the past year compared to men. In contrast, men had higher odds of misuse of opioid analgesics, heroin use, and an opioid analgesic or heroin use disorder. CONCLUSIONS Although opioid misuse has historically been more prevalent in men, the gender difference in opioid analgesic misuse continues to narrow, with more women initiating misuse than men including higher rates of misuse in adolescent girls. Heroin use continues to be approximately twice as common in men as women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Kathryn McHugh
- McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Elena H. Chartoff
- McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Dawn E. Sugarman
- McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Shelly F. Greenfield
- McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zandonai T, Escorial M, Peiró AM. Codeine and Tramadol Use in Athletes: A Potential for Abuse. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:661781. [PMID: 34177579 PMCID: PMC8222773 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.661781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Zandonai
- Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Paediatrics and Organic Chemistry, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Mónica Escorial
- Department of Pharmacology, Paediatrics and Organic Chemistry, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain.,Neuropharmacology on Pain and Functional Diversity (NED), Institute of Health and Biomedical Research of Alicante (ISABIAL Foundation), Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana M Peiró
- Department of Pharmacology, Paediatrics and Organic Chemistry, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain.,Neuropharmacology on Pain and Functional Diversity (NED), Institute of Health and Biomedical Research of Alicante (ISABIAL Foundation), Alicante, Spain.,Pain Unit, Department of Health of Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fisher ML, Pauly JR, Froeliger B, Turner JR. Translational Research in Nicotine Addiction. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:cshperspect.a039776. [PMID: 32513669 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a039776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
While commendable strides have been made in reducing smoking initiation and improving smoking cessation rates, current available smoking cessation treatment options are still only mildly efficacious and show substantial interindividual variability in their therapeutic responses. Therefore, the primary goal of preclinical research has been to further the understanding of the neural substrates and genetic influences involved in nicotine's effects and reassess potential drug targets. Pronounced advances have been made by investing in new translational approaches and placing more emphasis on bridging the gap between human and rodent models of dependence. Functional neuroimaging studies have identified key brain structures involved with nicotine-dependence phenotypes such as craving, impulsivity, withdrawal symptoms, and smoking cessation outcomes. Following up with these findings, rodent-modeling techniques have made it possible to dissect the neural circuits involved in these motivated behaviors and ascertain mechanisms underlying nicotine's interactive effects on brain structure and function. Likewise, translational studies investigating single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the cholinergic, dopaminergic, and opioid systems have found high levels of involvement of these neurotransmitter systems in regulating the reinforcing aspects of nicotine in both humans and mouse models. These findings and coordinated efforts between human and rodent studies pave the way for future work determining gene by drug interactions and tailoring treatment options to each individual smoker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda L Fisher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, USA
| | - James R Pauly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, USA
| | - Brett Froeliger
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
| | - Jill R Turner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Reed B, Kreek MJ. Genetic Vulnerability to Opioid Addiction. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:cshperspect.a039735. [PMID: 32205416 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a039735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Opioid addiction, also referred to as opioid use disorder, continues to be a devastating problem throughout the world. Familial relation and twin studies have revealed opioid addiction, like other addictive diseases, to be profoundly influenced by genetics. Genetics studies of opioid addiction have affirmed the importance of genetics contributors in susceptibility to develop opioid addiction, and also have important implications on treatment for opioid addiction. But the complexity of the interactions of multiple genetic variants across diverse genes, as well as substantial differences in allelic frequencies across populations, thus far limits the predictive value of individual genetics variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Reed
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Mary Jeanne Kreek
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Thompson JB, Daniel AM, Rushing BG, Papini MR. Recovery profiles from reward downshift are correlated with operant licking maintained by alcohol, but not with genetic variation in the mu opioid receptor. Physiol Behav 2021; 228:113192. [PMID: 33011231 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
After ten 5-min sessions of access to 32% sucrose, a reward downshift (RD) to 2% sucrose induces a transient rejection of the reward. Animals were segregated according to the speed of recovery from RD into Fast-recovery and Slow-recovery subgroups. Animals were subsequently trained in an operant licking (OL) task in which licking at an empty tube provided 10 s of access to a second tube containing 66% alcohol. Licking on the first tube was subjected to a progressive ratio (PR) schedule with a step of 4 licks. Fast-recovery animals (both males and females) licked to a higher ratio than Slow-recovery animals. Animals were also exposed to a well-lit open field (OF) for 20 min. Fast- and Slow-recovery males and females exhibited equal levels of activity in the OF. Tissue samples from tails were assessed for two well-known allelic variations of the human opioid receptor gene, OPRM1, known to affect mu opioid sensitivity: The C17T and A118G single nucleotide polymorphisms. There was no evidence of a relationship between genotype and behavior, suggesting that these genetic mechanisms in humans do not account for the individual differences in recovery from RD and OL for alcohol in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan M Daniel
- Department of Science and Math, Texas A&M University-San Antonio, United States
| | - Brenda G Rushing
- Department of Science and Math, Texas A&M University-San Antonio, United States
| | - Mauricio R Papini
- Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Y, Collins D, Butelman ER, Blendy JA, Kreek MJ. Relapse-like behavior in a mouse model of the OPRM1 (mu-opioid receptor) A118G polymorphism: Examination with intravenous oxycodone self-administration. Neuropharmacology 2020; 181:108351. [PMID: 33031806 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The widely abused prescription opioid oxycodone is a mu-opioid receptor (MOP-r) agonist and addiction to such opioids is a relapsing disorder. The human MOP-r gene (OPRM1) has an important functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), A118G, which affects risk of severe opioid use disorders. A112G (G/G) knock-in mice are models of human A118G carriers. We examined oxycodone self-administration (SA) in male and female G/G versus wild type (A/A) mice in SA sessions and in relapse-like behavior. Adult male and female G/G and A/A mice self-administered oxycodone (0.25 mg/kg/infusion, FR1) for 10 consecutive days. Following 10-day home cage drug free withdrawal, the mice were re-exposed to oxycodone SA for a further 10 days. MOP-r receptor mRNA in various brain regions were examined immediately after the last re-exposure session. We found that G/G mice had greater oxycodone SA than A/A mice in the initial and in re-exposure sessions. Mice of both genotypes had greater oxycodone intake during the re-exposure period than during the initial exposure. We also detected differences in MOP-r gene expression due to genotype, sex and oxycodone SA history in the dorsal striatum, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex. These studies may improve our understanding of MOP-r-agonist self-exposure and relapse in human carriers of the A118G SNP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, NY, USA.
| | - Devon Collins
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Eduardo R Butelman
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Julie A Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary Jeanne Kreek
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cao D, Huang P, Chiu YT, Chen C, Wang H, Li M, Zheng Y, Ehlert FJ, Zhang Y, Liu-Chen LY. Comparison of Pharmacological Properties between the Kappa Opioid Receptor Agonist Nalfurafine and 42B, Its 3-Dehydroxy Analogue: Disconnect between in Vitro Agonist Bias and in Vivo Pharmacological Effects. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3036-3050. [PMID: 32897695 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nalfurafine, a moderately selective kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, is used in Japan for treatment of itch without causing dysphoria or psychotomimesis. Here we characterized the pharmacology of compound 42B, a 3-dehydroxy analogue of nalfurafine and compared with that of nalfurafine. Nalfurafine and 42B acted as full KOR agonists and partial μ opioid receptor (MOR) agonists, but 42B showed much lower potency for both receptors and lower KOR/MOR selectivity, different from previous reports. Molecular modeling revealed that water-mediated hydrogen-bond formation between 3-OH of nalfurafine and KOR accounted for its higher KOR potency than 42B. The higher potency of both at KOR over MOR may be due to hydrogen-bond formation between nonconserved Y7.35 of KOR and their carbonyl groups. Both showed modest G protein signaling biases. In mice, like nalfurafine, 42B produced antinociceptive and antiscratch effects and did not cause conditioned place aversion (CPA) in the effective dose ranges. Unlike nalfurafine, 42B caused motor incoordination and hypolocomotion. As both agonists showed G protein biases, yet produced different effects on locomotor activity and motor incoordination, the findings and those in the literature suggest caution in correlating in vitro biochemical data with in vivo behavior effects. The factors contributing to the disconnect, including pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic issues, are discussed. In addition, our results suggest that among the KOR-induced adverse behaviors, CPA can be separated from motor incoordination and hypolocomotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danni Cao
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Yi-Ting Chiu
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Chongguang Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Huiqun Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Mengchu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Frederick J. Ehlert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Lee-Yuan Liu-Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Robinson SA, Jones AD, Brynildsen JK, Ehrlich ME, Blendy JA. Neurobehavioral effects of neonatal opioid exposure in mice: Influence of the OPRM1 SNP. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12806. [PMID: 31267641 PMCID: PMC8450766 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use among pregnant women is a growing public health concern in the United States. Infants exposed to opioids in utero are at risk of exhibiting neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). The biological mechanisms underlying short and long-term consequences of in utero opioid exposure and NOWS are unknown. A potential genetic factor is a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1 A118G). Opioid exposed infants with the G-allele spend less time in hospitals after birth. To determine whether this SNP modulates the neurobehavioral effects of neonatal opioid exposure and withdrawal, we used mice possessing the equivalent Oprm1 SNP (A112G). Pups were treated chronically with saline or morphine from postnatal days (PNDs) 1 to 14, a developmental period equivalent to the third trimester of a human pregnancy and a sensitive period for opioid exposure in rodents. Morphine treatment produced significant developmental delays regardless of genotype and increased total ultrasonic vocalizations in males during spontaneous withdrawal. Animals were aged and tested for anxiety and drug response during adolescence and adulthood, respectively. AA morphine-treated animals showed reduced activity in the marble burying task compared with saline controls; however, this effect was absent in AG and GG animals. As adults, AA males exposed to morphine from PNDs 1 to 14 exhibited enhanced development of locomotor sensitization to morphine, whereas females showed reduced locomotor sensitization. These data suggest the involvement of the Oprm1 SNP for certain outcomes of neonatal opioid exposure and highlight the importance of considering sex and genetic variability for the prognosis of NOWS.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Brain/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Opioid-Related Disorders/genetics
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/drug effects
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
- Pregnancy
- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivon A. Robinson
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, 19104
| | - Alonzo D. Jones
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, 19104
| | - Julia K. Brynildsen
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, 19104
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, 10029
| | - Julie A. Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, 19104
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Scarnati MS, Boreland AJ, Joel M, Hart RP, Pang ZP. Differential sensitivity of human neurons carrying μ opioid receptor (MOR) N40D variants in response to ethanol. Alcohol 2020; 87:97-109. [PMID: 32561311 PMCID: PMC7958146 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The acute and chronic effects of alcohol on the brain and behavior are linked to alterations in inhibitory synaptic transmission. Alcohol's most consistent effect at the synaptic level is probably a facilitation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release, as seen from several rodent studies. The impact of alcohol on GABAergic neurotransmission in human neurons is unknown, due to a lack of a suitable experimental model. Human neurons can also be used to model effects of genetic variants linked with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). The A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs1799971) of the OPRM1 gene encoding the N40D (D40 minor allele) mu-opioid receptor (MOR) variant has been linked with individuals who have an AUD. However, while N40D is clearly associated with other drugs of abuse, involvement with AUDs is controversial. In this study, we employed Ascl1-and Dlx2-induced inhibitory neuronal cells (AD-iNs) generated from human iPS cell lines carrying N40D variants, and investigated the impact of ethanol acutely and chronically on GABAergic synaptic transmission. We found that N40 AD-iNs display a stronger facilitation (versus D40) of spontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current frequency in response to acute ethanol application. Quantitative immunocytochemistry of Synapsin 1+ synaptic puncta revealed a similar synapse number between N40 and D40 iNs, suggesting an ethanol modulation of presynaptic GABA release without affecting synapse density. Interestingly, D40 iNs exposed to chronic intermittent ethanol application caused a significant increase in mIPSC frequency, with only a modest enhancement observed in N40 iNs. These data suggest that the MOR genotype may confer differential sensitivity to synaptic output, which depends on ethanol exposure time and concentration for AD-iNs and may help explain alcohol dependence in individuals who carry the MOR D40 SNPs. Furthermore, this study supports the use of human neuronal cells carrying risk-associated genetic variants linked to disease, as in vitro models to assay the synaptic actions of alcohol on human neuronal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Scarnati
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Andrew J Boreland
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Marisa Joel
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ronald P Hart
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA; Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Zhiping P Pang
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Johnson KVA, Burnet PWJ. Opposing effects of antibiotics and germ-free status on neuropeptide systems involved in social behaviour and pain regulation. BMC Neurosci 2020; 21:32. [PMID: 32698770 PMCID: PMC7374917 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-020-00583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent research has revealed that the community of microorganisms inhabiting the gut affects brain development, function and behaviour. In particular, disruption of the gut microbiome during critical developmental windows can have lasting effects on host physiology. Both antibiotic exposure and germ-free conditions impact the central nervous system and can alter multiple aspects of behaviour. Social impairments are typically displayed by antibiotic-treated and germ-free animals, yet there is a lack of understanding of the underlying neurobiological changes. Since the μ-opioid, oxytocin and vasopressin systems are key modulators of mammalian social behaviour, here we investigate the effect of experimentally manipulating the gut microbiome on the expression of these pathways. Results We show that social neuropeptide signalling is disrupted in germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice, which may contribute to the behavioural deficits observed in these animal models. The most notable finding is the reduction in neuroreceptor gene expression in the frontal cortex of mice administered an antibiotic cocktail post-weaning. Additionally, the changes observed in germ-free mice were generally in the opposite direction to the antibiotic-treated mice. Conclusions Antibiotic treatment when young can impact brain signalling pathways underpinning social behaviour and pain regulation. Since antibiotic administration is common in childhood and adolescence, our findings highlight the potential adverse effects that antibiotic exposure during these key neurodevelopmental periods may have on the human brain, including the possible increased risk of neuropsychiatric conditions later in life. In addition, since antibiotics are often considered a more amenable alternative to germ-free conditions, our contrasting results for these two treatments suggest that they should be viewed as distinct models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina V A Johnson
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK. .,Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK.
| | - Philip W J Burnet
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Emery MA, Akil H. Endogenous Opioids at the Intersection of Opioid Addiction, Pain, and Depression: The Search for a Precision Medicine Approach. Annu Rev Neurosci 2020; 43:355-374. [PMID: 32109184 PMCID: PMC7646290 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-110719-095912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Opioid addiction and overdose are at record levels in the United States. This is driven, in part, by their widespread prescription for the treatment of pain, which also increased opportunity for diversion by sensation-seeking users. Despite considerable research on the neurobiology of addiction, treatment options for opioid abuse remain limited. Mood disorders, particularly depression, are often comorbid with both pain disorders and opioid abuse. The endogenous opioid system, a complex neuromodulatory system, sits at the neurobiological convergence point of these three comorbid disease states. We review evidence for dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system as a mechanism for the development of opioid addiction and/or mood disorder. Specifically, individual differences in opioid system function may underlie differences in vulnerability to opioid addiction and mood disorders. We also review novel research, which promises to provide more detailed understanding of individual differences in endogenous opioid neurobiology and its contribution to opioid addiction susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Emery
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;
| | - Huda Akil
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cimino S, Carola V, Cerniglia L, Bussone S, Bevilacqua A, Tambelli R. The μ-opioid receptor gene A118G polymorphism is associated with insecure attachment in children with disruptive mood regulation disorder and their mothers. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01659. [PMID: 32424914 PMCID: PMC7375094 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the μ-opioid receptor gene, with high expression of the A allele and low expression of the G allele, has been associated with emotional/behavioral dysregulation and depressive disorders and is recognized as a mediator of affiliative behavior. No study has thus far investigated this SNP in school-age children with disruptive mood regulation disorder (DMDD). This study compared a sample of healthy children and their mothers with a sample of children with DMDD and their mothers, evaluating whether insecure attachment and psychopathological symptoms are associated with A allele- or G allele-carrying mothers and children and whether caregiving capacities are associated with A allele- or G allele-carrying mothers. METHODS For evaluation of their psychopathological symptoms and attachment styles, mothers filled out the CBCL/6-18, the SCL-90-R, and the ECR. To evaluate the types of relationship children were experiencing with their mothers, children filled out the ECR-revised child version and the PBI. Genotypic analyses were conducted on DNA samples obtained by buccal swabbing from children and mothers. RESULTS An insecure attachment style was more frequent in mothers and children carrying the G allele (G/G + A/G genotypes). In the clinical sample, G allele-carrying children scored higher than homozygous A/A ones on the subscales of Withdrawal and Conduct Problems. G-carrying mothers showed higher interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, and paranoid ideation and provided less care than A/A mothers. CONCLUSIONS This study offers new insights into the associations between the A118G SNP of the μ-opioid receptor gene and emotional/behavioral functioning, attachment style in children, and psychopathology and caregiving ability in mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical, Sapienza-University or Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Carola
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical, Sapienza-University or Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bussone
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical, Sapienza-University or Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arturo Bevilacqua
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical, Sapienza-University or Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical, Sapienza-University or Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Addiction associated N40D mu-opioid receptor variant modulates synaptic function in human neurons. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1406-1419. [PMID: 31481756 PMCID: PMC7051890 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0507-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The OPRM1 A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs1799971) gene variant encoding the N40D µ-opioid receptor (MOR) has been associated with dependence on opiates and other drugs of abuse but its mechanism is unknown. The frequency of G-allele carriers is ~40% in Asians, ~16% in Europeans, and ~3% in African-Americans. With opioid abuse-related deaths rising at unprecedented rates, understanding these mechanisms may provide a path to therapy. Here we generated homozygous N40D subject-specific induced inhibitory neuronal cells (iNs) from seven human-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell lines from subjects of European descent (both male and female) and probed the impact of N40D MOR regulation on synaptic transmission. We found that D40 iNs exhibit consistently stronger suppression (versus N40) of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) across multiple subjects. To mitigate the confounding effects of background genetic variation on neuronal function, the regulatory effects of MORs on synaptic transmission were recapitulated in two sets of independently engineered isogenic N40D iNs. In addition, we employed biochemical analysis and observed differential N-linked glycosylation of human MOR N40D. This study identifies neurophysiological and molecular differences between human MOR variants that may predict altered opioid responsivity and/or dependence in this subset of individuals.
Collapse
|
33
|
Saad Z, Hibar D, Fedgchin M, Popova V, Furey ML, Singh JB, Kolb H, Drevets WC, Chen G. Effects of Mu-Opiate Receptor Gene Polymorphism rs1799971 (A118G) on the Antidepressant and Dissociation Responses in Esketamine Nasal Spray Clinical Trials. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:549-558. [PMID: 32367114 PMCID: PMC7710914 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At ketamine and esketamine doses at which antidepressant doses are achieved, these agents are relatively selective, noncompetitive, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists. However, at substantially higher doses, ketamine has shown mu-opioid receptor (MOR–gene symbol: OPRM1) agonist effects. Preliminary clinical studies showed conflicting results on whether naltrexone, a MOR antagonist, blocks the antidepressant action of ketamine. We examined drug-induced or endogenous MOR involvement in the antidepressant and dissociative responses to esketamine by assessing the effects of a functional single nucleotide polymorphism rs1799971 (A118G) of OPRM1, which is known to alter MOR agonist-mediated responses. Methods Participants with treatment-resistant depression from 2 phase III, double-blind, controlled trials of esketamine (or placebo) nasal spray plus an oral antidepressant were genotyped for rs1799971. Participants received the experimental agents twice weekly for 4 weeks. Antidepressant responses were rated using the change in Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score on days 2 and 28 post-dose initiation, and dissociative side effects were assessed using the Clinician-Administered Dissociative-States Scale at 40 minutes post-dose on days 1 and 25. Results In the esketamine + antidepressant arm, no significant genotype effect of single nucleotide polymorphism rs1799971 (A118G) on MADRS score reductions was detected on either day 2 or 28. By contrast, in the antidepressant + placebo arm, there was a significant genotype effect on MADRS score reductions on day 2 and a nonsignificant trend on day 28 towards an improvement in depression symptoms in G-allele carriers. No significant genotype effects on dissociative responses were detected. Conclusions Variation in rs1799971 (A118G) did not affect the antidepressant response to esketamine + antidepressant. Antidepressant response to antidepressant + placebo was increased in G-allele carriers, compatible with previous reports that release of endorphins/enkephalins may play a role in mediating placebo effect. Trial Registration NCT02417064 and NCT02418585; www.clinicaltrials.gov
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Saad
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, California
| | | | | | | | - Maura L Furey
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, California
| | | | - Hartmuth Kolb
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, California
| | | | - Guang Chen
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Collins D, Zhang Y, Blendy J, Kreek MJ. Murine model of OPRM1 A118G alters oxycodone self-administration and locomotor activation, but not conditioned place preference. Neuropharmacology 2020; 167:107864. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
35
|
Blackwood CA, McCoy MT, Ladenheim B, Cadet JL. Escalated Oxycodone Self-Administration and Punishment: Differential Expression of Opioid Receptors and Immediate Early Genes in the Rat Dorsal Striatum and Prefrontal Cortex. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1392. [PMID: 31998063 PMCID: PMC6962106 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is characterized by compulsive drug taking despite adverse life consequences. Here, we sought to identify neurobiological consequences associated with the behavioral effects of contingent footshocks administered after escalation of oxycodone self-administration. To reach these goals, Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to self-administer oxycodone for 4 weeks and were then exposed to contingent electric footshocks. This paradigm helped to dichotomize rats into two distinct behavioral phenotypes: (1) those that reduce lever pressing (shock-sensitive) and (2) others that continue lever pressing (shock-resistant) for oxycodone during contingent punishment. The rats were euthanized at 2-h after the last oxycodone plus footshock session. The dorsal striata and prefrontal cortices were dissected for use in western blot and RT-qPCR analyses. All oxycodone self-administration rats showed significant decreased expression of Mu and Kappa opioid receptor proteins only in the dorsal striatum. However, expression of Delta opioid receptor protein was decreased in both brain regions. RT-qPCR analyses documented significant decreases in the expression of c-fos, fosB, fra2, junB, egr1, and egr2 mRNAs in the dorsal striatum (but not in PFC) of the shock-sensitive rats. In the PFC, junD expression was reduced in both phenotypes. However, egr3 mRNA expression was increased in the PFC of only shock-resistant rats. These results reveal that, similar to psychostimulants and alcohol, footshocks can dichotomize rats that escalated their intake of oxycodone into two distinct behavioral phenotypes. These animals also show significant differences in the mRNA expression of immediate early genes, mainly, in the dorsal striatum. The increases in PFC egr3 expression in the shock-resistant rats suggest that Egr3 might be involved in the persistence of oxycodone-associated memory under aversive conditions. This punishment-driven model may help to identify neurobiological substrates of persistent oxycodone taking and abstinence in the presence of adverse consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Blackwood
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Michael T McCoy
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Bruce Ladenheim
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jean Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang BZ, Zhou H, Cheng Z, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Genomewide Gene-by-Sex Interaction Scans Identify ADGRV1 for Sex Differences in Opioid Dependent African Americans. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18070. [PMID: 31792237 PMCID: PMC6889277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in opioid dependence (OD) are genetically influenced. We conducted genomewide gene-by-sex interaction scans for the DSM-IV diagnosis of OD in 8,387 African-American (AA) or European-American subjects (43.6% women; 4,715 OD subjects). Among AAs, 9 SNPs were genome-wide significant at ADGRV1 (adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor V1, lead-SNP rs2366929*(C/T), p = 1.5 × 10-9) for sex-different risk of OD, with the rs2366929*C-allele increasing OD risk only for men. The top co-expressions in brain were between ADGRV1 and GRIK2 in substantia nigra and medullary inferior olivary nucleus, and between ADGRV1 and EFHC2 in frontal cortex and putamen. Significant sex-differential ADGRV1 expression from GTEx was detected in breast (Bonferroni-corrected-p < 0.002) and in heart (p < 0.0125), with nominal significance identified in brain, thyroid, lung, and stomach (p < 0.05). ADGRV1 co-expression and disease-enrichment analysis identifying the top 10 diseases showed strikingly sexually dimorphic risks. The enrichment and transcriptome analyses provided convergent support that ADGRV1 exerts a sex-different effect on OD risk. This is the first study to identify genetic variants contributing to sex differences in OD. It shows that ADGRV1 contributes to OD risk only in AA men, a finding that warrants further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhongshan Cheng
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA.
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Drug addiction is a worldwide societal problem and public health burden, and results from recreational drug use that develops into a complex brain disorder. The opioid system, one of the first discovered neuropeptide systems in the history of neuroscience, is central to addiction. Recently, opioid receptors have been propelled back on stage by the rising opioid epidemics, revolutions in G protein-coupled receptor research and fascinating developments in basic neuroscience. This Review discusses rapidly advancing research into the role of opioid receptors in addiction, and addresses the key questions of whether we can kill pain without addiction using mu-opioid-receptor-targeting opiates, how mu- and kappa-opioid receptors operate within the neurocircuitry of addiction and whether we can bridge human and animal opioid research in the field of drug abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Darcq
- Douglas Mental Health Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brigitte Lina Kieffer
- Douglas Mental Health Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. .,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Synaptic Regulation by OPRM1 Variants in Reward Neurocircuitry. J Neurosci 2019; 39:5685-5696. [PMID: 31109961 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2317-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mu-opioid receptors (MORs) are the primary site of action of opioid drugs, both licit and illicit. Susceptibility to opioid addiction is associated with variants in the gene encoding the MOR, OPRM1 Varying with ethnicity, ∼25% of humans carry a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in OPRM1 (A118G). This SNP produces a nonsynonymous amino acid substitution, replacing asparagine (N40) with aspartate (D40), and has been linked with an increased risk for drug addiction. While a murine model of human OPRM1 A118G (A112G in mouse) recapitulates most of the phenotypes reported in humans, the neuronal mechanisms underlying these phenotypes remain elusive. Here, we investigated the impact of A118G on opioid regulation of synaptic transmission in mesolimbic VTA dopaminergic neurons. Using electrophysiology, we showed that both inhibitory and excitatory inputs to VTA dopaminergic neurons projecting to the NAc medial shell were suppressed by the MOR agonists DAMGO and morphine, which caused a shift in the excitatory/inhibitory balance and an increased action potential firing rate. Mice carrying the 112G/G allele exhibited lower sensitivity to DAMGO and morphine compared with major allele carriers (112A/A). Paradoxically, DAMGO produced facilitatory effects on mEPSCs, which were mediated by presynaptic GABAB receptors. However, this was only prominent in homozygous major allele carriers, which could explain a stronger shift in action potential firing in 112A/A mice. This study provides a better understanding on the neurobiological mechanisms that may underlie risk of addiction development in carriers of the A118G SNP in OPRM1 SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The pandemic of opioid drug abuse is associated with many socioeconomic burdens. The primary brain target of opioid drugs is the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), encoded by the OPRM1 gene, which is highly polymorphic in humans. Using a mouse model of the human OPRM1 A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (A112G in mice), we demonstrated that MOR and GABAB signaling coordinate in regulating mesolimbic dopamine neuronal firing via presynaptic regulation. The A118G SNP affects MOR-mediated suppression of GABA and glutamate release, showing weaker efficacy of synaptic regulation by MORs. These results may shed light on whether MOR SNPs need to be considered for devising effective therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
|
39
|
Browne CA, Lucki I. Targeting opioid dysregulation in depression for the development of novel therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 201:51-76. [PMID: 31051197 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the serendipitous discovery of the first class of modern antidepressants in the 1950's, all pharmacotherapies approved by the Food and Drug Administration for major depressive disorder (MDD) have shared a common mechanism of action, increased monoaminergic neurotransmission. Despite the widespread availability of antidepressants, as many as 50% of depressed patients are resistant to these conventional therapies. The significant length of time required to produce meaningful symptom relief with these medications, 4-6 weeks, indicates that other mechanisms are likely involved in the pathophysiology of depression which may yield more viable targets for drug development. For decades, no viable candidate target with a different mechanism of action to that of conventional therapies proved successful in clinical studies. Now several exciting avenues for drug development are under intense investigation. One of these emerging targets is modulation of endogenous opioid tone. This review will evaluate preclinical and clinical evidence pertaining to opioid dysregulation in depression, focusing on the role of the endogenous ligands endorphin, enkephalin, dynorphin, and nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and their respective receptors, mu (MOR), delta (DOR), kappa (KOR), and the N/OFQ receptor (NOP) in mediating behaviors relevant to depression and anxiety. Finally, putative opioid based antidepressants that are under investigation in clinical trials, ALKS5461, JNJ-67953964 (formerly LY2456302 and CERC-501) and BTRX-246040 (formerly LY-2940094) will be discussed. This review will illustrate the potential therapeutic value of targeting opioid dysregulation in developing novel therapies for MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Browne
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States of America
| | - Irwin Lucki
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Candidate gene analyses for acute pain and morphine analgesia after pediatric day surgery: African American versus European Caucasian ancestry and dose prediction limits. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2019; 19:570-581. [PMID: 30760877 PMCID: PMC6693985 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute pain and opioid analgesia demonstrate inter-individual variability and polygenic influence. In 241 children of African American and 277 of European Caucasian ancestry, we sought to replicate select candidate gene associations with morphine dose and postoperative pain and then to estimate dose prediction limits. Twenty-seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from nine genes (ABCB1, ARRB2, COMT, DRD2, KCNJ6, MC1R, OPRD1, OPRM1, and UGT2B7) met selection criteria and were analyzed along with TAOK3. Few associations replicated: morphine dose (mcg/kg) in African American children and ABCB1 rs1045642 (A allele, β = -9.30, 95% CI: -17.25 to -1.35, p = 0.02) and OPRM1 rs1799971 (G allele, β = 23.19, 95% CI: 3.27-43.11, p = 0.02); KCNJ6 rs2211843 and high pain in African American subjects (T allele, OR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.17-3.71, p = 0.01) and in congruent European Caucasian pain phenotypes; and COMT rs740603 for high pain in European Caucasian subjects (A allele, OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.48-0.99, p = 0.046). With age, body mass index, and physical status as covariates, simple top SNP candidate gene models could explain theoretical maximums of 24.2% (European Caucasian) and 14.6% (African American) of morphine dose variances.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sachdeo BLY, Yu L, Giunta GM, Bello NT. Binge-Like Eating Is Not Influenced by the Murine Model of OPRM1 A118G Polymorphism. Front Psychol 2019; 10:246. [PMID: 30804861 PMCID: PMC6378308 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairments in opioid receptor signaling have been implicated in disordered eating. A functional variant of the OPRM1 gene is a guanine (G) substitution for adenine (A) at the 118 position of exon 1 (A118G). The influence of the A118G variant on binge eating behaviors and the effectiveness of pharmacotherapies used to treat binge eating have not been characterized. Mice were generated with A to G substitution at the 112 position on exon 1 to produce a murine equivalent of the human A118G variant. Homozygous female mice (AA or GG) were exposed to intermittent access to a highly palatable sweet-fat food with or without prior calorie deprivation to promote dietary-induced binge eating. There were no genotype-dependent differences in the dietary-induced binge eating. However, GG mice exposed to intermittent calorie restriction (Restrict) had higher body weights compared with GG mice exposed to intermittent sweet fat-food (Binge) and ad libitum feeding (Naive). Acute oral dosing of lisdexamfetamine (0.15, 0.5, and 1.5 mg/kg) or sibutramine (0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg) did not produce genotype-dependent differences in binge-like eating. In addition, no genotype-dependent differences in binge-like eating were observed with chronic (14-day) dosing of lisdexamfetamine (1.5 mg/kg/day) or sibutramine (3 mg/kg/day). In the chronic dosing, body weights were higher in the GG Restrict compared with AA Restrict. Our findings suggest that the A112G polymorphism does not influence binge eating behaviors or pharmacotherapies for treating binge eating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryn L. Y. Sachdeo
- Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Genetics, School of Arts and Sciences, and Center of Alcohol Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Gina M. Giunta
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Nicholas T. Bello
- Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Effects of the OPRM1 A118G Polymorphism (rs1799971) on Opioid Analgesia in Cancer Pain. Clin J Pain 2019; 35:77-86. [DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
43
|
Becker JB, Chartoff E. Sex differences in neural mechanisms mediating reward and addiction. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:166-183. [PMID: 29946108 PMCID: PMC6235836 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence in humans and laboratory animals for biologically based sex differences in every phase of drug addiction: acute reinforcing effects, transition from occasional to compulsive use, withdrawal-associated negative affective states, craving, and relapse. There is also evidence that many qualitative aspects of the addiction phases do not differ significantly between males and females, but one sex may be more likely to exhibit a trait than the other, resulting in population differences. The conceptual framework of this review is to focus on hormonal, chromosomal, and epigenetic organizational and contingent, sex-dependent mechanisms of four neural systems that are known-primarily in males-to be key players in addiction: dopamine, mu-opioid receptors (MOR), kappa opioid receptors (KOR), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We highlight data demonstrating sex differences in development, expression, and function of these neural systems as they relate-directly or indirectly-to processes of reward and addictive behavior, with a focus on psychostimulants and opioids. We identify gaps in knowledge about how these neural systems interact with sex to influence addictive behavior, emphasizing throughout that the impact of sex can be highly nuanced and male/female data should be reported regardless of the outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill B Becker
- Department of Psychology and the Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elena Chartoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lu Z, Xu J, Xu M, Rossi GC, Majumdar S, Pasternak GW, Pan YX. Truncated μ-Opioid Receptors With 6 Transmembrane Domains Are Essential for Opioid Analgesia. Anesth Analg 2018; 126:1050-1057. [PMID: 28991118 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most clinical opioids act through μ-opioid receptors. They effectively relieve pain but are limited by side effects, such as constipation, respiratory depression, dependence, and addiction. Many efforts have been made toward developing potent analgesics that lack side effects. Three-iodobenzoyl-6β-naltrexamide (IBNtxA) is a novel class of opioid active against thermal, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain, without respiratory depression, physical dependence, and reward behavior. The μ-opioid receptor (OPRM1) gene undergoes extensive alternative precursor messenger ribonucleic acid splicing, generating multiple splice variants that are conserved from rodents to humans. One type of variant is the exon 11 (E11)-associated truncated variant containing 6 transmembrane domains (6TM variant). There are 5 6TM variants in the mouse OPRM1 gene, including mMOR-1G, mMOR-1M, mMOR-1N, mMOR-1K, and mMOR-1L. Gene-targeting mouse models selectively removing 6TM variants in E11 knockout (KO) mice eliminated IBNtxA analgesia without affecting morphine analgesia. Conversely, morphine analgesia is lost in an exon 1 (E1) KO mouse that lacks all 7 transmembrane (7TM) variants but retains 6TM variant expression, while IBNtxA analgesia remains intact. Elimination of both E1 and E11 in an E1/E11 double KO mice abolishes both morphine and IBNtxA analgesia. Reconstituting expression of the 6TM variant mMOR-1G in E1/E11 KO mice through lentiviral expression rescued IBNtxA but not morphine analgesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lentiviral expression of the other 6TM variants in E1/E11 KO mice on IBNtxA analgesia. METHODS Lentiviruses expressing 6TM variants were packaged in HEK293T cells, concentrated by ultracentrifugation, and intrathecally administered 3 times. Opioid analgesia was determined using a radiant-heat tail-flick assay. Expression of lentiviral 6TM variant messenger ribonucleic acids was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or quantitative PCR. RESULTS All the 6TM variants restored IBNtxA analgesia in the E1/E11 KO mouse, while morphine remained inactive. Expression of lentiviral 6TM variants was confirmed by PCR or quantitative PCR. IBNtxA median effective dose values determined from cumulative dose-response studies in the rescued mice were indistinguishable from wild-type animals. IBNtxA analgesia was maintained for up to 33 weeks in the rescue mice and was readily antagonized by the opioid antagonist levallorphan. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated the pharmacological relevance of mouse 6TM variants in IBNtxA analgesia and established that a common functional core of the receptors corresponding to the transmembrane domains encoded by exons 2 and 3 is sufficient for activity. Thus, 6TM variants offer potential therapeutic targets for a distinct class of analgesics that are effective against broad-spectrum pain models without many side effects associated with traditional opioids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Lu
- From the The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Neurology and the Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mingming Xu
- Department of Neurology and the Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Grace C Rossi
- Department of Psychology, Long Island University, Post Campus, Brookville, New York
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department of Neurology and the Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and the Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ying-Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology and the Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Weidler C, Wagels L, Regenbogen C, Hofhansel L, Blendy JA, Clemens B, Montag C, Habel U. The influence of the OPRM1 (A118G) polymorphism on behavioral and neural correlates of aggression in healthy males. Neuropharmacology 2018; 156:107467. [PMID: 30552906 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Current models of aggression suggest that in addition to personality traits and environmental factors, biological vulnerability associated with genetics substantially impacts aggressive behavior. In a functional imaging study, we investigated the influence of the single nucleotide polymorphism of the mu 1 subtype opioid receptor gene (OPRM1), implicated in sociability, on correlates of trait and state aggression to delineate the function of these influences in aggression. A key aim was further to differentiate different aspects of aggressive reactions - namely, the reaction to provocation and the decision to punish an opponent. 59 healthy males performed a modified Taylor Aggression Paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging. The implementation of the paradigm allowed for individual assessments of the decision to behave aggressively, the experience of provocation and the ramification of punishment for the participant or the opponent. The influence of variation in the OPRM1 gene was measured by the functional A118G polymorphism. G allele carriers showed lower levels of general aggression and self-reported physical aggression. Additionally, these participants exhibited increased activation in dorsolateral prefrontal, orbitofrontal, anterior cingulate and insular cortices when choosing higher punishments for the opponent. The OPRM1 polymorphism did not influence aggression in reaction to social provocation. Thus, we suggest that this genetic variant affects one's trait aggressiveness rather than actual behavioral reactivity to provocation. Investigating brain regions that are specifically linked to provocation yielded activation in cortico-limbic circuits which might mediate the evaluation of provocation and the experience of anger and thus shed light on neural processes underlying the risk for aggressive behavior. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Current status of the neurobiology of aggression and impulsivity'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Weidler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Lisa Wagels
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany; JARA Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM 10), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Christina Regenbogen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Hofhansel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany; JARA Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM 10), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Julie A Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin Clemens
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Montag
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany; The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of Chinöa, Chengdu, China
| | - Ute Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany; JARA Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM 10), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
The Influence of Endogenous Opioids on the Relationship between Testosterone and Romantic Bonding. HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE 2018; 30:98-116. [PMID: 30519832 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-018-9332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous opioid system has received attention and extensive research for its effects on reward, pleasure, and pain. However, relative to other neurochemicals, such as oxytocin, vasopressin and dopamine, the function of opioids in regulating human attachment, sociosexuality, and other aspects of human sociality has not received much consideration. For example, nonapeptides (oxytocin and vasopressin) have been extensively studied in animals and humans for their possible roles in mother-offspring attachment, romantic attachment, fatherhood, and social cognition. Likewise, others have proposed models wherein oxytocin and vasopressin are moderators of the relationship between steroid hormones and human social behaviors. Recently, opioids have generated renewed interest in relation to social pain, and importantly, the brain opioid hypothesis of social attachment (BOTSA), which suggests that endogenous opioids are a key implementer in primate and human bonding, has received some support. Here we focus on romantic bonds by proposing that endogenous opioids are an important mechanism mediating reproductive trade-offs through their inhibitory effects on testosterone production.
Collapse
|
47
|
Nummenmaa L, Tuominen L. Opioid system and human emotions. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2737-2749. [PMID: 28394427 PMCID: PMC6016642 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotions are states of vigilant readiness that guide human and animal behaviour during survival-salient situations. Categorical models of emotions posit neurally and physiologically distinct basic human emotions (anger, fear, disgust, happiness, sadness and surprise) that govern different survival functions. Opioid receptors are expressed abundantly in the mammalian emotion circuit, and the opioid system modulates a variety of functions related to arousal and motivation. Yet, its specific contribution to different basic emotions has remained poorly understood. Here, we review how the endogenous opioid system and particularly the μ receptor contribute to emotional processing in humans. Activation of the endogenous opioid system is consistently associated with both pleasant and unpleasant emotions. In general, exogenous opioid agonists facilitate approach-oriented emotions (anger, pleasure) and inhibit avoidance-oriented emotions (fear, sadness). Opioids also modulate social bonding and affiliative behaviour, and prolonged opioid abuse may render both social bonding and emotion recognition circuits dysfunctional. However, there is no clear evidence that the opioid system is able to affect the emotions associated with surprise and disgust. Taken together, the opioid systems contribute to a wide array of positive and negative emotions through their general ability to modulate the approach versus avoidance motivation associated with specific emotions. Because of the protective effects of opioid system-mediated prosociality and positive mood, the opioid system may constitute an important factor contributing to psychological and psychosomatic resilience. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Emerging Areas of Opioid Pharmacology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.14/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre and Department of PsychologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Lauri Tuominen
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Muriel J, Margarit C, Planelles B, Serralta MJ, Puga C, Inda MDM, Cutillas E, Morales D, Horga JF, Peiró AM. OPRM1 influence on and effectiveness of an individualized treatment plan for prescription opioid use disorder patients. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1425:82-93. [PMID: 29781244 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Screening for opioid use disorder should be considered in chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) patients with long-term use of opioids. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of an individualized treatment plan (ITP) for prescription opioid dependence that included screening of pharmacogenetic markers. An observational prospective study was performed using prescription opioid-dependent CNCP outpatients (n = 88). Patients were divided into nonresponders, responders, or high responders according to their response to the ITP. Genotyping of OPRM1 (A118G), OPRD1 (T921C), COMT (G472A), ABCB1 (C3435T), and ARRB2 (C8622T) was performed by real-time PCR. Our ITP achieved a significant reduction of the morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD) in 64% of responders, including 33% of high responders. Nonopioid medication or buprenorphine use was significantly higher at final versus basal visit. 118-AA OPRM1 patients required significantly lower MEDD at basal and final visits. Our ITP showed effectiveness and security in reducing MEDD in opioid-dependent patients, with good conversion to buprenorphine that was more pronounced in 118-AA OPRM1 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Muriel
- Neuropharmacology on Pain (NED) Research Group, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain.,Occupational Observatory, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - César Margarit
- Neuropharmacology on Pain (NED) Research Group, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain.,Pain Unit, Department of Health of Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Beatriz Planelles
- Neuropharmacology on Pain (NED) Research Group, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain.,Pain Unit, Department of Health of Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - María J Serralta
- Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health of Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Puga
- Neuropharmacology on Pain (NED) Research Group, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - María-Del-Mar Inda
- Neuropharmacology on Pain (NED) Research Group, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Esperanza Cutillas
- Neuropharmacology on Pain (NED) Research Group, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain.,Pain Unit, Department of Health of Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Domingo Morales
- Operations Research Centre, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - José F Horga
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health of Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana M Peiró
- Neuropharmacology on Pain (NED) Research Group, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain.,Pain Unit, Department of Health of Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain.,Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health of Alicante-General Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Henderson-Redmond AN, Lowe TE, Tian XB, Morgan DJ. Increased ethanol drinking in "humanized" mice expressing the mu opioid receptor A118G polymorphism are mediated through sex-specific mechanisms. Brain Res Bull 2018; 138:12-19. [PMID: 28780411 PMCID: PMC5796878 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the mu-opioid receptor gene (Oprm1) has been implicated in mediating the rewarding effects of alcohol. Clinical and preclinical studies suggest that the G allele may confer a genetic vulnerability to alcohol dependence, though it remains unknown whether these effects are sex-specific. We used male and female mice homozygous for the "humanized" 118AA or 118GG alleles to determine whether the A118G SNP potentiates ethanol consumption in a sex-specific manner in both the two-bottle choice and drinking-in-the-dark (DID) paradigms. Mice were also assessed for differences in naltrexone sensitivity, ethanol reward assessed via conditioned place preference (CPP), and sensitivity to the sedative/ataxic effects of ethanol using the rota-rod and loss of righting reflex (LORR) assays. We found that male and female 118GG mice drank significantly more ethanol than 118AA littermates using a continuous access, two-bottle choice paradigm. In the limited-access DID drinking model, (i) female (but not male) 118GG mice consumed more ethanol than 118AA mice and (ii) naltrexone pretreatment was equally efficacious at attenuating ethanol intake in both 118AA and 118GG female mice while having no effect in males. Male and female 118GG and female 118AA mice developed a robust conditioned place preference (CPP) for ethanol. Female 118GG mice displayed less sensitivity to the sedative/ataxic effects of ethanol compared to female 118AA mice on both the rota-rod and the LORR assays while male mice did not differ in their responses on either assay. Our findings suggest that increased ethanol consumption in male 118GG mice may be due to increased ethanol reward, while increased drinking in female 118GG mice might be due to decreased sensitivity to the sedative/ataxic effects of ethanol. Collectively, these data might be used to help identify sex-specific pharmacotherapies to combat alcohol use disorders.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Alcohol Drinking/genetics
- Alcohol Drinking/physiopathology
- Alleles
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Choice Behavior/drug effects
- Conditioning, Operant/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ethanol/administration & dosage
- Ethanol/blood
- Female
- Genotype
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
- Quinine/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Reflex/drug effects
- Reflex/genetics
- Reward
- Self Administration
- Self Stimulation
- Sex Characteristics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela N Henderson-Redmond
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.
| | - Tammy E Lowe
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Benedict College, Columbia, SC 29204, United States
| | - Xi B Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Daniel J Morgan
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Belzeaux R, Lalanne L, Kieffer BL, Lutz PE. Focusing on the Opioid System for Addiction Biomarker Discovery. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:206-220. [PMID: 29396147 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUD) and behavioral addictions are devastating conditions that impose a severe burden on all societies, and represent difficult challenges for clinicians. Therefore, biomarkers are urgently needed to help predict vulnerability, clinical course, and response to treatment. Here, we elaborate on the potential for addiction biomarker discovery of the opioid system, particularly within the emerging framework aiming to probe opioid function in peripheral tissues. Mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors all critically regulate neurobiological and behavioral processes that define addiction, and are also targeted by major pharmacotherapies used in the management of patients with SUD. We propose that opioid biomarkers may have the potential to improve and guide diagnosis and therapeutic decisions in the addiction field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Belzeaux
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289,CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Laurence Lalanne
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Strasbourg and Medical School of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, University Hospital of Strasbourg and Medical School of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; INSERM 1114, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre-Eric Lutz
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Current address: Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|