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Wang Y, Du J, Hu Y, Zhang S. CXCL10 impairs synaptic plasticity and was modulated by cGAS-STING pathway after stroke in mice. J Neurophysiol 2024; 132:722-732. [PMID: 38919986 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00079.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensorimotor deficits following stroke remain a major cause of disability, but little is known about the specific pathological mechanisms. Exploring the pathological mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic targets to promote functional rehabilitation after stroke are essential. CXCL10, also known as interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), plays an important role in multiple brain disorders by mediating synaptic plasticity, yet its role in stroke is still unclear. In this study, mice were subjected to photothrombotic (PT) stroke, and sensorimotor deficits were determined by the ladder walking tests, tape removal tests, and rotarod tests. The density of dendritic spines and synaptic plasticity was determined in Thy1-EGFP mice and evaluated by electrophysiology. We found that photothrombotic stroke induced sensorimotor deficits and upregulated the expression of CXCL10, whereas suppressing the expression of CXCL10 by adeno-associated virus (AAV) ameliorated sensorimotor deficits and increased the levels of synapse-related proteins, the density of dendritic spines, and synaptic strength. Furthermore, the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS)-stimulus of interferon genes (STING) pathway was activated by stroke and induced CXCL10 release, and cGAS or STING antagonists downregulated the levels of CXCL10 and improved synaptic plasticity after stroke. Collectively, our results indicate that cGAS-STING pathway activation promoted CXCL10 release and impaired synaptic plasticity during stroke recovery.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chemokine-mediated inflammatory response plays a critical role in stroke. CXCL10 plays an important role in multiple brain disorders by mediating synaptic plasticity, yet its role in stroke recovery is still unclear. Herein, we identified a new mechanism that cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS)-stimulus of interferon genes (STING) pathway activation promoted CXCL10 release and impaired synaptic plasticity during stroke recovery. Our findings highlight the potential therapeutic strategy of targeting the cGAS-STING pathway to treat stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Nursing, Chongqing Vocational College of Light Industry, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Youfang Hu
- Department of Child Healthcare, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sufen Zhang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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2
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Coënon L, Geindreau M, Ghiringhelli F, Villalba M, Bruchard M. Natural Killer cells at the frontline in the fight against cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:614. [PMID: 39179536 PMCID: PMC11343846 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that play a pivotal role as first line defenders in the anti-tumor response. To prevent tumor development, NK cells are searching for abnormal cells within the body and appear to be key players in immunosurveillance. Upon recognition of abnormal cells, NK cells will become activated to destroy them. In order to fulfill their anti-tumoral function, they rely on the secretion of lytic granules, expression of death receptors and production of cytokines. Additionally, NK cells interact with other cells in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we will first focus on NK cells' activation and cytotoxicity mechanisms as well as NK cells behavior during serial killing. Lastly, we will review NK cells' crosstalk with the other immune cells present in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïs Coënon
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mannon Geindreau
- Equipe TIRECs, Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche INSERM CTM-UMR1231, Dijon, France
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Equipe TIRECs, Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche INSERM CTM-UMR1231, Dijon, France
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Martin Villalba
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer Avignon-Provence Sainte Catherine, Avignon, France
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Mélanie Bruchard
- Equipe TIRECs, Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche INSERM CTM-UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France.
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3
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Jiang P, Jing S, Sheng G, Jia F. The basic biology of NK cells and its application in tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1420205. [PMID: 39221244 PMCID: PMC11361984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1420205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells play a crucial role as effector cells within the tumor immune microenvironment, capable of identifying and eliminating tumor cells through the expression of diverse activating and inhibitory receptors that recognize tumor-related ligands. Therefore, harnessing NK cells for therapeutic purposes represents a significant adjunct to T cell-based tumor immunotherapy strategies. Presently, NK cell-based tumor immunotherapy strategies encompass various approaches, including adoptive NK cell therapy, cytokine therapy, antibody-based NK cell therapy (enhancing ADCC mediated by NK cells, NK cell engagers, immune checkpoint blockade therapy) and the utilization of nanoparticles and small molecules to modulate NK cell anti-tumor functionality. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in NK cell-based anti-tumor immunotherapy, with the aim of offering insights and methodologies for the clinical treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jiang
- Department of General Medicine, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jingzhou First People’s Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shaoze Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gaohong Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fajing Jia
- Department of General Medicine, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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4
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Zhao L, Pang Y, Zhou Y, Chen J, Fu H, Guo W, Xu W, Xue X, Su G, Sun L, Wu H, Zhang J, Wang Z, Lin Q, Chen X, Chen H. Antitumor efficacy and potential mechanism of FAP-targeted radioligand therapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:142. [PMID: 38825657 PMCID: PMC11144707 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01853-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade holds great promise for synergistic antitumor efficacy. Targeted radionuclide therapy delivers radiation directly to tumor sites. LNC1004 is a fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeting radiopharmaceutical, conjugated with the albumin binder Evans Blue, which has demonstrated enhanced tumor uptake and retention in previous preclinical and clinical studies. Herein, we demonstrate that 68Ga/177Lu-labeled LNC1004 exhibits increased uptake and prolonged retention in MC38/NIH3T3-FAP and CT26/NIH3T3-FAP tumor xenografts. Radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-LNC1004 induced a transient upregulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. The combination of 177Lu-LNC1004 and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy led to complete eradication of all tumors in MC38/NIH3T3-FAP tumor-bearing mice, with mice showing 100% tumor rejection upon rechallenge. Immunohistochemistry, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and TCR sequencing revealed that combination therapy reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment in mice to foster antitumor immunity by suppressing malignant progression and increasing cell-to-cell communication, CD8+ T-cell activation and expansion, M1 macrophage counts, antitumor activity of neutrophils, and T-cell receptor diversity. A preliminary clinical study demonstrated that 177Lu-LNC1004 was well-tolerated and effective in patients with refractory cancers. Further, scRNA-seq of peripheral blood mononuclear cells underscored the importance of addressing immune evasion through immune checkpoint blockade treatment. This was emphasized by the observed increase in antigen processing and presentation juxtaposed with T cell inactivation. In conclusion, our data supported the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with 177Lu-LNC1004 for cancer patients with FAP-positive tumors.
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Grants
- 82071961 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82272037 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- NUHSRO/2023/008/NUSMed/TCE/LOA National University of Singapore (NUS)
- NUHSRO/2021/034/TRP/09/Nanomedicine National University of Singapore (NUS)
- (MOH-001388-00, CG21APR1005) MOH | National Medical Research Council (NMRC)
- NRF-000352-00 National Research Foundation Singapore (National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore)
- Fujian Research and Training Grants for Young and Middle-aged Leaders in Healthcare, Key Scientific Research Program for Yong Scholars in Fujian (2021ZQNZD016), Fujian Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Yong Scholars (2022D005)
- Key Medical and Health Projects in Xiamen (Grant number 3502Z20209002), Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Head and Neck Cancer, and 2021 National Clinical Key Specialty, (Oncology, Grant number 3210013)
- National Research Foundation Singapore (National Research Foundation-Prime Minister’s office, Republic of Singapore)
- Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE-000387-00)
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yizhen Pang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yangfan Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianhao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Weizhi Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Xue
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqiang Su
- Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Long Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Precision Treatment, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qin Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Haojun Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China.
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5
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Wang X, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Quan A, Mao Y, Zhang Y, Qi J, Ren Z, Gu L, Yu R, Zhou X. Chronic Stress Exacerbates the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment and Progression of Gliomas by Reducing Secretion of CCL3. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:516-529. [PMID: 38437646 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
As understanding of cancer has deepened, increasing attention has been turned to the roles of psychological factors, especially chronic stress-induced depression, in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, whether and how depression affects the progression of gliomas are still unclear. In this study, we have revealed that chronic stress inhibited the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and other immune cells, especially M1-type TAMs and CD8+ T cells, and decreased the level of proinflammatory cytokines in gliomas, leading to an immunosuppressive microenvironment and glioma progression. Mechanistically, by promoting the secretion of stress hormones, chronic stress inhibited the secretion of the chemokine CCL3 and the recruitment of M1-type TAMs in gliomas. Intratumoral administration of CCL3 reprogrammed the immune microenvironment of gliomas and abolished the progression of gliomas induced by chronic stress. Moreover, levels of CCL3 and M1-type TAMs were decreased in the tumor tissues of glioma patients with depression, and CCL3 administration enhanced the antitumor effect of anti-PD-1 therapy in orthotopic models of gliomas undergoing chronic stress. In conclusion, our study has revealed that chronic stress exacerbates the immunosuppressive microenvironment and progression of gliomas by reducing the secretion of CCL3. CCL3 alone or in combination with an anti-PD-1 may be an effective immunotherapy for the treatment of gliomas with depression. See related Spotlight by Cui and Kang, p. 514.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ankang Quan
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufei Mao
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ji Qi
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongyu Ren
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linbo Gu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Patel E, Malkova NV, Crowe D, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Fantini D, Fanny M, Madala HR, Jenkins KA, Yerov O, Greene J, Guzman W, O'Toole C, Taylor J, O'Donnell RK, Johnson P, Lanter BB, Ames B, Chen J, Vu S, Wu HJ, Cantin S, McLaughlin M, Hsiao YSS, Tomar DS, Rozenfeld R, Thiruneelakantapillai L, O'Hagan RC, Nicholson B, O'Neil J, Bialucha CU. XTX301, a Tumor-Activated Interleukin-12 Has the Potential to Widen the Therapeutic Index of IL12 Treatment for Solid Tumors as Evidenced by Preclinical Studies. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:421-435. [PMID: 38030380 PMCID: PMC10993987 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
IL12 is a proinflammatory cytokine, that has shown promising antitumor activity in humans by promoting the recruitment and activation of immune cells in tumors. However, the systemic administration of IL12 has been accompanied by considerable toxicity, prompting interest in researching alternatives to drive preferential IL12 bioactivity in the tumor. Here, we have generated XTX301, a tumor-activated IL12 linked to the human Fc protein via a protease cleavable linker that is pharmacologically inactivated by an IL12 receptor subunit beta 2 masking domain. In vitro characterization demonstrates multiple matrix metalloproteases, as well as human primary tumors cultured as cell suspensions, can effectively activate XTX301. Intravenous administration of a mouse surrogate mXTX301 demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition (TGI) in inflamed and non-inflamed mouse models without causing systemic toxicities. The superiority of mXTX301 in mediating TGI compared with non-activatable control molecules and the greater percentage of active mXTX301 in tumors versus other organs further confirms activation by the tumor microenvironment-associated proteases in vivo. Pharmacodynamic characterization shows tumor selective increases in inflammation and upregulation of immune-related genes involved in IFNγ cell signaling, antigen processing, presentation, and adaptive immune response. XTX301 was tolerated following four repeat doses up to 2.0 mg/kg in a nonhuman primate study; XTX301 exposures were substantially higher than those at the minimally efficacious dose in mice. Thus, XTX301 has the potential to achieve potent antitumor activity while widening the therapeutic index of IL12 treatment and is currently being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Patel
- Xilio Therapeutics, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | | | - David Crowe
- Xilio Therapeutics, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Oleg Yerov
- Xilio Therapeutics, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Jacob Taylor
- Xilio Therapeutics, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Brian Ames
- Werfen Therapeutics, Bedford, Massachusetts
| | - Jia Chen
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sallyann Vu
- Xilio Therapeutics, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
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7
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Tang W, Lo CWS, Ma W, Chu ATW, Tong AHY, Chung BHY. Revealing the role of SPP1 + macrophages in glioma prognosis and therapeutic targeting by investigating tumor-associated macrophage landscape in grade 2 and 3 gliomas. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:37. [PMID: 38515213 PMCID: PMC10956315 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is a highly heterogeneous brain tumor categorized into World Health Organization (WHO) grades 1-4 based on its malignancy. The suppressive immune microenvironment of glioma contributes significantly to unfavourable patient outcomes. However, the cellular composition and their complex interplays within the glioma environment remain poorly understood, and reliable prognostic markers remain elusive. Therefore, in-depth exploration of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and identification of predictive markers are crucial for improving the clinical management of glioma patients. RESULTS Our analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data from glioma samples unveiled the immunosuppressive role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), mediated through intricate interactions with tumor cells and lymphocytes. We also discovered the heterogeneity within TAMs, among which a group of suppressive TAMs named TAM-SPP1 demonstrated a significant association with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) amplification, impaired T cell response and unfavourable patient survival outcomes. Furthermore, by leveraging genomic and transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, two distinct molecular subtypes with a different constitution of TAMs, EGFR status and clinical outcomes were identified. Exploiting the molecular differences between these two subtypes, we developed a four-gene-based prognostic model. This model displayed strong associations with an elevated level of suppressive TAMs and could be used to predict anti-tumor immune response and prognosis in glioma patients. CONCLUSION Our findings illuminated the molecular and cellular mechanisms that shape the immunosuppressive microenvironment in gliomas, providing novel insights into potential therapeutic targets. Furthermore, the developed prognostic model holds promise for predicting immunotherapy response and assisting in more precise risk stratification for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshu Tang
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, 2/F, Building 20E, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cario W S Lo
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, 2/F, Building 20E, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, 2/F, Building 20E, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Annie T W Chu
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, 2/F, Building 20E, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy H Y Tong
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, 2/F, Building 20E, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian H Y Chung
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, 2/F, Building 20E, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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8
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Wierzbicki J, Bednarz-Misa I, Lewandowski Ł, Lipiński A, Kłopot A, Neubauer K, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins (MIPs) Contribute to Malignant Potential of Colorectal Polyps and Modulate Likelihood of Cancerization Associated with Standard Risk Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1383. [PMID: 38338661 PMCID: PMC10855842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of molecular changes leading to neoplastic transformation is prerequisite to optimize risk assessment and chemopreventive and surveillance strategies. Data on macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIPs) in colorectal carcinogenesis are scanty and their clinical relevance remains unknown. Therefore, transcript and protein expression of CCL3, CCL4, CXCL2, and CCL19 were determined in 173 and 62 patients, respectively, using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry with reference to polyps' characteristics. The likelihood of malignancy was modeled using probit regression. With the increasing malignancy potential of hyperplastic-tubular-tubulo-villous-villous polyps, the expression of CCL3, CCL4, and CCL19 in lesions decreased. CCL19 expression decreased also in normal mucosa while that of CXCL2 increased. Likewise, lesion CCL3 and lesion and normal mucosa CCL19 decreased and normal CXCL2 increased along the hyperplasia-low-high dysplasia grade. The bigger the lesion, the lower CCL3 and higher CXCL2 in normal mucosa. Singular polyps had higher CCL3, CCL4, and CCL19 levels in normal mucosa. CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL2 modulated the likelihood of malignancy associated with traditional risk factors. There was no correlation between the protein and mRNA expression of CCL3 and CCL19. In summary, the polyp-adjacent mucosa contributes to gaining potential for malignancy by polyps. MIPs may help in specifying cancerization probability estimated based on standard risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Wierzbicki
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery and Proctology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (Ł.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Łukasz Lewandowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (Ł.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Artur Lipiński
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Kłopot
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (Ł.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Neubauer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (Ł.L.); (A.K.)
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9
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Shang S, Yang C, Chen F, Xiang RS, Zhang H, Dai SY, Liu J, Lv XX, Zhang C, Liu XT, Zhang Q, Lu SB, Song JW, Yu JJ, Zhou JC, Zhang XW, Cui B, Li PP, Zhu ST, Zhang HZ, Hua F. ID1 expressing macrophages support cancer cell stemness and limit CD8 + T cell infiltration in colorectal cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7661. [PMID: 37996458 PMCID: PMC10667515 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43548-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Elimination of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and reinvigoration of antitumor immunity remain unmet challenges for cancer therapy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute the prominant population of immune cells in tumor tissues, contributing to the formation of CSC niches and a suppressive immune microenvironment. Here, we report that high expression of inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1) in TAMs correlates with poor outcome in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). ID1 expressing macrophages maintain cancer stemness and impede CD8+ T cell infiltration. Mechanistically, ID1 interacts with STAT1 to induce its cytoplasmic distribution and inhibits STAT1-mediated SerpinB2 and CCL4 transcription, two secretory factors responsible for cancer stemness inhibition and CD8+ T cell recruitment. Reducing ID1 expression ameliorates CRC progression and enhances tumor sensitivity to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Collectively, our study highlights the pivotal role of ID1 in controlling the protumor phenotype of TAMs and paves the way for therapeutic targeting of ID1 in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ren-Shen Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuai-Bing Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Chao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ping-Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Tao Zhu
- Beijing Digestive Diseases Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Zeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China.
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Fang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study (BZ0150), Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China.
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, Beijing, P. R. China.
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10
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Portillo AL, Monteiro JK, Rojas EA, Ritchie TM, Gillgrass A, Ashkar AA. Charting a killer course to the solid tumor: strategies to recruit and activate NK cells in the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1286750. [PMID: 38022679 PMCID: PMC10663242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to expand and activate natural Killer (NK) cells ex vivo has dramatically changed the landscape in the development of novel adoptive cell therapies for treating cancer over the last decade. NK cells have become a key player for cancer immunotherapy due to their innate ability to kill malignant cells while not harming healthy cells, allowing their potential use as an "off-the-shelf" product. Furthermore, recent advancements in NK cell genetic engineering methods have enabled the efficient generation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing NK cells that can exert both CAR-dependent and antigen-independent killing. Clinically, CAR-NK cells have shown promising efficacy and safety for treating CD19-expressing hematologic malignancies. While the number of pre-clinical studies using CAR-NK cells continues to expand, it is evident that solid tumors pose a unique challenge to NK cell-based adoptive cell therapies. Major barriers for efficacy include low NK cell trafficking and infiltration into solid tumor sites, low persistence, and immunosuppression by the harsh solid tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review we discuss the barriers posed by the solid tumor that prevent immune cell trafficking and NK cell effector functions. We then discuss promising strategies to enhance NK cell infiltration into solid tumor sites and activation within the TME. This includes NK cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms such as NK cell engineering to resist TME-mediated inhibition and use of tumor-targeted agents such as oncolytic viruses expressing chemoattracting and activating payloads. We then discuss opportunities and challenges for using combination therapies to extend NK cell therapies for the treatment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Portillo
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan K. Monteiro
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Eduardo A. Rojas
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tyrah M. Ritchie
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amy Gillgrass
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ali A. Ashkar
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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11
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Shang J, Li L, Lai C, Feng T, Yao Y, Zhong D, Liang Y, Huang X, Yang Q, Shi Y. Single-cell profiling reveals the heterogeneity of NK cells during anti-PD-1 therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110743. [PMID: 37657247 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors remains limited in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Natural killer (NK) cells serve as the key element of innate immunity and play an important role in anti-tumor immunity, the impact of NK cells on efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in NSCLC is worth exploring. METHODS We analyzed single-cell transcriptome data derived from biopsies of NSCLC patients receiving anti-PD-1 treatment. Immune cell subtypes were identified and further cell-cell communication were analyzed and verified. RESULTS We observed totally 6 distinct NK cells clusters in NSCLC infiltrating immune cells. It's worth noting that enrichment of immature NK cells was found in responsive group. A series of marker genes of immature NK cells were associated with anti-PD-1 response and related to immune regulation processes such as antigen processing, Th1, Th17 cells activation. Moreover, effector CD8+ T cells were significantly enriched in responsive group and showed similar trajectories with immature NK cells. Cell-cell communication analysis showed that immature NK cells showed strong interactions with Th17 cells and effector CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, when validating the expression of immature NK cells marker genes, we found that CXCR4 was associated with enriched infiltration of CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, immature NK cells may facilitate the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy by interacting with Th1 cells, Th17 cells and enhancing infiltration of effector CD8+ T cells. Our data suggested that NK cells could be a promising target to improve the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Chunyou Lai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Tianhang Feng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yutong Yao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Deyuan Zhong
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxin Liang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolun Huang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinyan Yang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ying Shi
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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12
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van Gogh M, Glaus Garzon JF, Sahin D, Knopfova L, Benes P, Boyman O, Jurisica I, Borsig L. Tumor Cell-Intrinsic c-Myb Upregulation Stimulates Antitumor Immunity in a Murine Colorectal Cancer Model. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1432-1444. [PMID: 37478172 PMCID: PMC10548106 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor c-Myb is overexpressed in many different types of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. However, its exact role in tumorigenesis is unclear. In this study, we show that tumor-intrinsic c-Myb expression in mouse models of colon cancer and melanoma suppresses tumor growth. Although no differences in proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis of tumors were evident in tumors with distinct levels of c-Myb expression, we observed changes in intratumoral immune cell infiltrates. MC38 tumors with upregulated c-Myb expression showed increased numbers of CD103+ dendritic cells and eosinophils, but decreased tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Concomitantly, an increase in the number of activated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells upon c-Myb upregulation was observed, which correlated with a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment and increased numbers of M1 polarized TAMs. Mechanistically, c-Myb upregulation in immunogenic MC38 colon cancer cells resulted in enhanced expression of immunomodulatory genes, including those encoding β2-microglobulin and IFNβ, and decreased expression of the gene encoding the chemokine receptor CCR2. The increased numbers of activated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells contributed to tumor growth attenuation. In poorly immunogenic CT26, LLC, and B16-BL6 tumor cells, c-Myb upregulation did not affect the immunomodulatory gene expression. Despite this, c-Myb upregulation led to reduced B16-BL6 tumor growth but it did not affect tumor growth of CT26 and LLC tumors. Altogether, we postulate that c-Myb functions as a tumor suppressor in a tumor cell-type specific manner and modulates antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel van Gogh
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Dilara Sahin
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Knopfova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Benes
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Onur Boyman
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute and, Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital (UHN), Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubor Borsig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Cruz T, Agudelo Garcia PA, Chamucero-Millares JA, Bondonese A, Mitash N, Sembrat J, Tabib T, Zhang W, Seyed N, Peters V, Stacey S, Vignali D, Mora AL, Lafyatis R, Rojas M. End-Stage Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Lung Microenvironment Promotes Impaired NK Activity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1073-1081. [PMID: 37566492 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrotic age-related chronic lung disease characterized by the accumulation of senescent cells. Whether impaired immune response is responsible for the accumulation of senescent cells in the IPF lung remains unknown. In this study, we characterized the NK phenotype in IPF lungs via flow cytometry using 5-dodecanoylaminofluorescein di-β-d-galactopyranoside, markers of tissue residence, and chemokine receptors. The effect of the lung microenvironment was evaluated using lung fibroblast (LF) conditioned media (CM), and the bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model was used to assess the in vivo relationship between NK cells and the accumulation of senescent cells. We found that NK cells from the lower lobe of IPF patients exhibited immune-senescent and impaired CD57-NKG2A+ phenotype. We also observed that culture of NK cells from healthy donors in CM from IPF lower lobe lung fibroblasts induced a senescent-like phenotype and impaired cytotoxic capacity. There is an impaired NK recruitment by LF, and NKs presented decreased migration toward their CM. In addition, NK cell-depleted mice treated with bleomycin showed increased collagen deposition and accumulation of different populations of senescent cells compared with controls. The IPF lung microenvironment induces a dysfunctional NK phenotype limiting the clearance of lung senescent cells and the resolution of lung fibrosis. We propose that impaired NK activity could be one of the mechanisms responsible for perpetuating the accumulation of senescent cells in IPF lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Cruz
- Fundacio Clinic per a la Recerca Biomedica, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula A Agudelo Garcia
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Anna Bondonese
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nilay Mitash
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nouraie Seyed
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Victor Peters
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Sean Stacey
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Division of Transplant Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Dario Vignali
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ana L Mora
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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14
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Hor JL, Germain RN. Spatiotemporal and cell-state control of antigen presentation during tolerance and immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 84:102357. [PMID: 37331219 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Effective adaptive immunity is rendered possible by highly organized tissue architecture and coordinated cellular crosstalk. While detailed spatiotemporal analyses of antigen presentation and adaptive immune activation in secondary lymphoid tissues have been a major focus of study, it is clear that antigen presentation in other tissues also plays a critical role in shaping the immune response. In this article, we concentrate on two opposing aspects of adaptive immunity: tolerance and antitumor immunity, to illustrate how a complex set of antigen presentation mechanisms contributes to maintaining a delicate balance between robust immunity and avoidance of autoimmune pathology. We emphasize the importance of how immune cell identity, state, and location collectively determine the nature of adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh Liang Hor
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA.
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15
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Fan YC, Fong YC, Kuo CT, Li CW, Chen WY, Lin JD, Bürtin F, Linnebacher M, Bui QT, Lee KD, Tsai YC. Tumor-derived interleukin-1 receptor antagonist exhibits immunosuppressive functions and promotes pancreatic cancer. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:147. [PMID: 37563620 PMCID: PMC10416534 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a pernicious disease characterized by an immunosuppressive milieu that is unresponsive to current immunotherapies. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is a natural anti-inflammatory cytokine; however, its contribution to cancer pathogenesis and immunosuppression remains elusive. In this research, we investigated the role and mechanism of IL-1Ra in malignant progression of PDA. RESULTS Through analyzing clinical dataset and examining the pathological tumor tissues and serum samples, we have demonstrated that IL-1Ra expression is elevated in human PDA and positively associated with malignant progression of PDA. To study the biological function of IL-1Ra in tumors, we generated a set of mouse pancreatic cancer cell lines with a knockout (KO) of the Il1rn gene, encoding IL-1Ra, and compared the tumor growth rates in immune-competent and immune-deficient mice. We found that the Il1rn KO cells exhibited greater tumor inhibition in immune-competent mice, highlighting the crucial role of a functional immune system in Il1rn KO-mediated anti-tumor response. Consistently, we found an increase in CD8+ T cells and a decrease in CD11b+Ly6G- immunosuppressive mononuclear population in the tumor microenvironment of Il1rn KO-derived tumors. To monitor the inhibitory effects of IL-1Ra on immune cells, we utilized a luciferase-based reporter CD4+ T cell line and splenocytes, which were derived from transgenic mice expressing ovalbumin-specific T cell receptors in CD8+ T cells, and mice immunized with ovalbumin. We showed that IL-1Ra suppressed T cell receptor signaling and inhibited antigen-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion and cytolytic activity in splenocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings illustrate the immunosuppressive properties of the natural anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1Ra, and provide a rationale for considering IL-1Ra-targeted therapies in the treatment of PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Fan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cin Fong
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Tse Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Da Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Computational and Systems Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Florian Bürtin
- Clinic of General Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Linnebacher
- Clinic of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Quoc Thang Bui
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine (IPCTRM), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Der Lee
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine (IPCTRM), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Natioanl Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chin Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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16
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Zhou Y, Cheng L, Liu L, Li X. NK cells are never alone: crosstalk and communication in tumour microenvironments. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:34. [PMID: 36797782 PMCID: PMC9933398 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune escape is a hallmark of cancer. The dynamic and heterogeneous tumour microenvironment (TME) causes insufficient infiltration and poor efficacy of natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy, which becomes a key factor triggering tumour progression. Understanding the crosstalk between NK cells and the TME provides new insights for optimising NK cell-based immunotherapy. Here, we present new advances in direct or indirect crosstalk between NK cells and 9 specialised TMEs, including immune, metabolic, innervated niche, mechanical, and microbial microenvironments, summarise TME-mediated mechanisms of NK cell function inhibition, and highlight potential targeted therapies for NK-TME crosstalk. Importantly, we discuss novel strategies to overcome the inhibitory TME and provide an attractive outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhou
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China ,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Liu
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
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17
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Wen D, Liang T, Chen G, Li H, Wang Z, Wang J, Fu R, Han X, Ci T, Zhang Y, Abdou P, Li R, Bu L, Dotti G, Gu Z. Adipocytes Encapsulating Telratolimod Recruit and Polarize Tumor-Associated Macrophages for Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206001. [PMID: 36526596 PMCID: PMC9929126 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated adipocytes (TAAs) recruit monocytes and promote their differentiation into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that support tumor development. Here, TAAs are engineered to promote the polarization of TAMs to the tumor suppressive M1 phenotype. Telratolimod, a toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist, is loaded into the lipid droplets of adipocytes to be released at the tumor site upon tumor cell-triggered lipolysis. Locally administered drug-loaded adipocytes increased tumor suppressive M1 macrophages in both primary and distant tumors and suppressed tumor growth in a melanoma model. Furthermore, drug-loaded adipocytes improved CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses within the tumor microenvironment and favored dendritic cell maturation in the tumor draining lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wen
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
- Earle A. Chiles Research InstituteRobert W. Franz Cancer CenterProvidence Portland Medical CenterPortlandOregon97213USA
| | - Tingxizi Liang
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Zejun Wang
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Ruxing Fu
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
| | - Tianyuan Ci
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Peter Abdou
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
| | - Ruoxin Li
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
| | - Linlin Bu
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia90095USA
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang UniversityJinhua321299P. R. China
- Department of General SurgerySir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310016China
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18
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Ghosal S, Hadrava Vanova K, Uher O, Das S, Patel M, Meuter L, Huynh TT, Jha A, Talvacchio S, Knue M, Prodanov T, Zeiger MA, Nilubol N, Taieb D, Crona J, Shankavaram UT, Pacak K. Immune signature of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma in context of neuroendocrine neoplasms associated with prognosis. Endocrine 2023; 79:171-179. [PMID: 36370152 PMCID: PMC10683554 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand prognostic immune cell infiltration signatures in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), particularly pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PCPG), we analyzed tumor transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and other published tumor transcriptomic data of NENs. METHODS We used CIBERSORT to infer immune cell infiltrations from bulk tumor transcriptomic data from PCPGs, in comparison to gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) and small cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs). PCPG immune signature was validated with NanoString immune panel in an independent cohort. Unsupervised clustering of the immune infiltration scores from CIBERSORT was used to find immune clusters. A prognostic immune score model for PCPGs and the other NENs were calculated as a linear combination of the estimated infiltration of activated CD8+/CD4+ T cells, activated NK cells, and M0 and M2 macrophages. RESULTS In PCPGs, we found five dominant immune clusters, associated with M2 macrophages, monocytes, activated NK cells, M0 macrophages and regulatory T cells, and CD8+/CD4+ T cells respectively. Non-metastatic tumors were associated with activated NK cells and metastatic tumors were associated with M0 macrophages and regulatory T cells. In GEPNETs and SCLCs, M0 macrophages and regulatory T cells were associated with unfavorable outcomes and features, such as metastasis and high-grade tumors. The prognostic immune score model for PCPGs and the NENs could predict non-aggressive and non-metastatic diseases. In PCPGs, the immune score was also an independent predictor of metastasis-free survival in a multivariate Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSION The transcriptomic immune signature in PCPG correlates with clinical features like metastasis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Ghosal
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Katerina Hadrava Vanova
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ondrej Uher
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Shaoli Das
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mayank Patel
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Leah Meuter
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thanh-Truc Huynh
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Abhishek Jha
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sara Talvacchio
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Marianne Knue
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tamara Prodanov
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Martha A Zeiger
- Office of Surgeon Scientists Programs, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David Taieb
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- European Center for Research in Medical Imaging, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Joakim Crona
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset ing 78, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Uma T Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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19
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CCL3 aggravates intestinal damage in NEC by promoting macrophage chemotaxis and M1 macrophage polarization. Pediatr Res 2022:10.1038/s41390-022-02409-w. [PMID: 36550354 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NEC is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disease in neonates, the pathogenesis of which remains poorly understood. METHODS CCL3 levels in intestinal tissue of mice were measured and analyzed. HE staining was used to assess pathological changes in intestinal tissue. FCM was used to detect the proportion and phenotype of macrophages. RNA-seq and RT-PCR were used to evaluate the effect of CCL3 on macrophages. RESULTS CCL3 was highly expressed in the intestinal tissues of mice with NEC and induced macrophage infiltration. Transcriptome data showed that CCL3 strongly induced a transition in the phenotype of macrophages into a proinflammatory one. Mechanistically, in vivo experiments confirmed that CCL3 induced M1 macrophage polarization in NEC intestinal tissue, thereby aggravating inflammatory injury of intestinal tissue, which was alleviated by anti-CCL3 treatment. In addition, in vitro experiments showed that CCL3 significantly enhances the expression of M1-related genes in both PMφ and BMDM while inhibiting the expression of M2-related genes, which was also alleviated by anti-CCl3 treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data elucidated the involvement of CCL3 in the pathogenesis of NEC, in which upregulated CCL3 expression exacerbated inflammatory intestinal damage by regulating macrophage chemotaxis and M1 phenotype polarization, suggesting that blocking CCL3 may be a potential strategy for effective intervention in NEC. IMPACT Our study represents an important conceptual advancement that CCL3 may be one of the key culprits of intestinal tissue damage in patients with NEC. CCL3 aggravates inflammatory intestinal injury and intestinal mucosal barrier imbalance by regulating the chemotaxis, polarization, and function of macrophages. Blocking CCL3 significantly reduced NEC-mediated intestinal injury, suggesting a new potential therapeutic strategy.
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20
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Nguyen R, Zhang X, Sun M, Abbas S, Seibert C, Kelly MC, Shern JF, Thiele CJ. Anti-GD2 Antibodies Conjugated to IL15 and IL21 Mediate Potent Antitumor Cytotoxicity against Neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3785-3796. [PMID: 35802683 PMCID: PMC9444978 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Half of the patients with high-risk neuroblastoma who receive GD2-targeted mAb do not achieve long-term remissions. Recently, the antibody hu14.18 has been linked to IL2 (hu14.18-IL2) to enhance its efficacy and shown promising preclinical and clinical activity. We developed two new immunocytokines (IC) by linking two other γc cytokines, IL15 and IL21, to hu14.18. The purpose of this study was to compare hu14.18-IL15 and -IL21 with hu14.18-IL2 in their ability to induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against neuroblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We assessed ADCC of hu14.18-IL15 and -IL2 (human cytokines, cross-reactive to mouse) against GD2low and GD2high neuroblastoma cell lines in vitro. T-cell-deficient mice with orthotopic patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and immunocompetent mice with transplantable orthotopic neuroblastoma were used to test all three ICs, including hu14.18-IL21 (murine IL21, not cross-reactive to human). Mechanistic studies were performed using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). RESULTS hu14.18-IL15 and hu14.18-IL2 mediated equivalent in vitro ADCC by human NK cells. When combined with chemotherapy, all three ICs similarly controlled the growth of PDXs in nude mice with murine NK effector cells. However, hu14.18-IL15 and -IL21 outperformed hu14.18-IL2 in immunocompetent mice with syngeneic neuroblastoma, inducing complete tumor regressions and extending survival. scRNA-seq data revealed an increase in CD8+ T cells and M1 tumor-associated macrophages and decreased regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Hu14.18-IL15 and Hu14.18-IL21 exhibit robust preclinical activity, warranting further consideration for clinical testing in patients with GD2-expressing neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Nguyen
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Corresponding author: Rosa Nguyen, Pediatric Oncology Branch, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 1W-5816, Bethesda, MD, USA; phone: 443-902-3243; fax: 301-451-7052;
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ming Sun
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shahroze Abbas
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charlie Seibert
- Center for Cancer Research Single Cell Analysis Facility CCR, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael C. Kelly
- Center for Cancer Research Single Cell Analysis Facility CCR, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol J. Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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21
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Balogh M, Zhang J, Gaffney CM, Kalakuntla N, Nguyen NT, Trinh RT, Aguilar C, Pham HV, Milutinovic B, Nichols JM, Mahalingam R, Shepherd AJ. Sensory neuron dysfunction in orthotopic mouse models of colon cancer. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:204. [PMID: 35962398 PMCID: PMC9375288 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Reports of neurological sequelae related to colon cancer are largely restricted to rare instances of paraneoplastic syndromes, due to autoimmune reactions. Systemic inflammation associated with tumor development influences sensory neuron function in other disease models, though the extent to which this occurs in colorectal cancer is unknown. We induced orthotopic colorectal cancer via orthotopic injection of two colorectal cancer cell lines (MC38 and CT26) in two different mouse strains (C57BL/6 and Balb/c, respectively). Behavioral tests of pain sensitivity and activity did not detect significant alterations in sensory sensitivity or diminished well-being throughout tumor development. However, immunohistochemistry revealed widespread reductions in intraepidermal nerve fiber density in the skin of tumor-bearing mice. Though loss of nerve fiber density was not associated with increased expression of cell injury markers in dorsal root ganglia, lumbar dorsal root ganglia neurons of tumor-bearing animals showed deficits in mitochondrial function. These neurons also had reduced cytosolic calcium levels in live-cell imaging and reduced spontaneous activity in multi-electrode array analysis. Bulk RNA sequencing of DRGs from tumor-bearing mice detected activation of gene expression pathways associated with elevated cytokine and chemokine signaling, including CXCL10. This is consistent with the detection of CXCL10 (and numerous other cytokines, chemokines and growth factors) in MC38 and CT26 cell-conditioned media, and the serum of tumor-bearing mice. Our study demonstrates in a pre-clinical setting that colon cancer is associated with latent sensory neuron dysfunction and implicates cytokine/chemokine signaling in this process. These findings may have implications for determining risk factors and treatment responsiveness related to neuropathy in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Balogh
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Caitlyn M Gaffney
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neha Kalakuntla
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas T Nguyen
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ronnie T Trinh
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Clarissa Aguilar
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience and Behavior Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Hoang Vu Pham
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bojana Milutinovic
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James M Nichols
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rajasekaran Mahalingam
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew J Shepherd
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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22
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Sun N, Tian Y, Chen Y, Guo W, Li C. Metabolic rewiring directs melanoma immunology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:909580. [PMID: 36003368 PMCID: PMC9393691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.909580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma results from the malignant transformation of melanocytes and accounts for the most lethal type of skin cancers. In the pathogenesis of melanoma, disordered metabolism is a hallmark characteristic with multiple metabolic paradigms involved in, e.g., glycolysis, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and autophagy. Under the driving forces of oncogenic mutations, melanoma metabolism is rewired to provide not only building bricks for macromolecule synthesis and sufficient energy for rapid proliferation and metastasis but also various metabolic intermediates for signal pathway transduction. Of note, metabolic alterations in tumor orchestrate tumor immunology by affecting the functions of surrounding immune cells, thereby interfering with their antitumor capacity, in addition to the direct influence on tumor cell intrinsic biological activities. In this review, we first introduced the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment proceedings of melanoma. Then, the components of the tumor microenvironment, especially different populations of immune cells and their roles in antitumor immunity, were reviewed. Sequentially, how metabolic rewiring contributes to tumor cell malignant behaviors in melanoma pathogenesis was discussed. Following this, the proceedings of metabolism- and metabolic intermediate-regulated tumor immunology were comprehensively dissertated. Finally, we summarized currently available drugs that can be employed to target metabolism to intervene tumor immunology and modulate immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyue Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yangzi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Chunying Li, ; Weinan Guo,
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Chunying Li, ; Weinan Guo,
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23
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Functional crosstalk and regulation of natural killer cells in tumor microenvironment: Significance and potential therapeutic strategies. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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24
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Ding J, Zheng Y, Wang G, Zheng J, Chai D. The performance and perspectives of dendritic cell vaccines modified by immune checkpoint inhibitors or stimulants. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188763. [PMID: 35872287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic dendritic cell (DC) vaccines stimulate the elimination of tumor cells by the immune system. However, while antigen-specific T cell responses induced by DC vaccines are commonly observed, the clinical response rate is relatively poor, necessitating vaccine optimization. There is evidence that the suppression of DC function by immune checkpoints hinders the anti-tumor immune responses mediated by DC vaccines, ultimately leading to the immune escape of the tumor cells. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and immune checkpoint activators (ICAs) has extended the immunotherapeutic range. It is known that both inhibitory and stimulatory checkpoint molecules are expressed by most DC subsets and can thus be used to manipulate the effectiveness of DC vaccines. Such manipulation has been investigated using strategies such as chemotherapy, agonistic or antagonistic antibodies, siRNA, shRNA, CRISPR-Cas9, soluble antibodies, lentiviruses, and adenoviruses to maximize the efficacy of DC vaccines. Thus, a deeper understanding of immune checkpoints may assist in the development of improved DC vaccines. Here, we review the actions of various ICIs or ICAs shown by preclinical studies, as well as their potential application in DC vaccines. New therapeutic interventional strategies for blocking and stimulating immune checkpoint molecules in DCs are also described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiage Ding
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China.
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China.
| | - Dafei Chai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China.
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25
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Du W, Nair P, Johnston A, Wu PH, Wirtz D. Cell Trafficking at the Intersection of the Tumor-Immune Compartments. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2022; 24:275-305. [PMID: 35385679 PMCID: PMC9811395 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110320-110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Migration is an essential cellular process that regulates human organ development and homeostasis as well as disease initiation and progression. In cancer, immune and tumor cell migration is strongly associated with immune cell infiltration, immune escape, and tumor cell metastasis, which ultimately account for more than 90% of cancer deaths. The biophysics and molecular regulation of the migration of cancer and immune cells have been extensively studied separately. However, accumulating evidence indicates that, in the tumor microenvironment, the motilities of immune and cancer cells are highly interdependent via secreted factors such as cytokines and chemokines. Tumor and immune cells constantly express these soluble factors, which produce a tightly intertwined regulatory network for these cells' respective migration. A mechanistic understanding of the reciprocal regulation of soluble factor-mediated cell migration can provide critical information for the development of new biomarkers of tumor progression and of tumor response to immuno-oncological treatments. We review the biophysical andbiomolecular basis for the migration of immune and tumor cells and their associated reciprocal regulatory network. We also describe ongoing attempts to translate this knowledge into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Du
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Praful Nair
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adrian Johnston
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Pei-Hsun Wu
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Department of Oncology, Department of Pathology, and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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26
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HydrAd: A Helper-Dependent Adenovirus Targeting Multiple Immune Pathways for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112769. [PMID: 35681750 PMCID: PMC9179443 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Solid tumors are highly immunosuppressive and develop multiple inhibitory mechanisms that must be targeted simultaneously for successful cancer immunotherapy. Adenoviral vectors are promising cancer gene therapy vectors due to their inherent ability to stimulate multiple immune pathways. Adenoviruses are well characterized, and their genomes are easily manipulated, allowing for therapeutic transgene expression. Oncolytic adenoviruses are engineered to replicate specifically in malignant cells, resulting in cancer cell lysis. However, oncolytic adenoviral vectors have limited transgene capacity. Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors have been developed with the capability of expressing multiple transgenes through removal of all viral coding sequences. We have developed a helper-dependent platform for cancer immunotherapy and demonstrate expression of up to four functional transgenes. This platform allows us to target tumors with specific inhibitory pathways using our library of immunomodulatory transgenes in a mix-and-match approach for a synchronized cancer immunotherapy strategy. Abstract For decades, Adenoviruses (Ads) have been staple cancer gene therapy vectors. Ads are highly immunogenic, making them effective adjuvants. These viruses have well characterized genomes, allowing for substantial modifications including capsid chimerism and therapeutic transgene insertion. Multiple generations of Ad vectors have been generated with reduced or enhanced immunogenicity, depending on their intended purpose, and with increased transgene capacity. The latest-generation Ad vector is the Helper-dependent Ad (HDAd), in which all viral coding sequences are removed from the genome, leaving only the cis-acting ITRs and packaging sequences, providing up to 34 kb of transgene capacity. Although HDAds are replication incompetent, their innate immunogenicity remains intact. Therefore, the HDAd is an ideal cancer gene therapy vector as its infection results in anti-viral immune stimulation that can be enhanced or redirected towards the tumor via transgene expression. Co-infection of tumor cells with an oncolytic Ad and an HDAd results in tumor cell lysis and amplification of HDAd-encoded transgene expression. Here, we describe an HDAd-based cancer gene therapy expressing multiple classes of immunomodulatory molecules to simultaneously stimulate multiple axes of immune pathways: the HydrAd. Overall, the HydrAd platform represents a promising cancer immunotherapy agent against complex solid tumors.
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27
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Peña-Romero AC, Orenes-Piñero E. Dual Effect of Immune Cells within Tumour Microenvironment: Pro- and Anti-Tumour Effects and Their Triggers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1681. [PMID: 35406451 PMCID: PMC8996887 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Our body is constantly exposed to pathogens or external threats, but with the immune response that our body can develop, we can fight off and defeat possible attacks or infections. Nevertheless, sometimes this threat comes from an internal factor. Situations such as the existence of a tumour also cause our immune system (IS) to be put on alert. Indeed, the link between immunology and cancer is evident these days, with IS being used as one of the important targets for treating cancer. Our IS is able to eliminate those abnormal or damaged cells found in our body, preventing the uncontrolled proliferation of tumour cells that can lead to cancer. However, in several cases, tumour cells can escape from the IS. It has been observed that immune cells, the extracellular matrix, blood vessels, fat cells and various molecules could support tumour growth and development. Thus, the developing tumour receives structural support, irrigation and energy, among other resources, making its survival and progression possible. All these components that accompany and help the tumour to survive and to grow are called the tumour microenvironment (TME). Given the importance of its presence in the tumour development process, this review will focus on one of the components of the TME: immune cells. Immune cells can support anti-tumour immune response protecting us against tumour cells; nevertheless, they can also behave as pro-tumoural cells, thus promoting tumour progression and survival. In this review, the anti-tumour and pro-tumour immunity of several immune cells will be discussed. In addition, the TME influence on this dual effect will be also analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esteban Orenes-Piñero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
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28
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Do TT, Yeh CC, Wu GW, Hsu CC, Chang HC, Chen HC. TRIM37 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Progression through Modulation of Cell Growth, Migration, Invasion, and Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1176. [PMID: 35163097 PMCID: PMC8835669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM37 dysregulation has been observed in several cancer types, implicating its possible role in tumorigenesis. However, the role of TRIM37 in pancreatic cancer progression remains unclear. In the present study, we observed that TRIM37 knockdown resulted in reduced proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, and invasion ability of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, an in vivo study using an orthotopic syngeneic animal model further confirmed that reduced expression of TRIM37 in cancer cells suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, in mice bearing TRIM37 knockdown pancreatic cancer cells, the proportion of CD11b+F4/80+MHCIIlow immunosuppressive macrophages was significantly reduced in tumor milieu, which might be due to the regulatory role of TRIM37 in cytokine production by pancreatic cancer cells. Collectively, these findings suggest a key role of TRIM37 in promoting pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyen Thi Do
- International Master’s Program of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 11520, Vietnam
| | - Chun-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan;
- Organ Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 413505, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan; (G.-W.W.); (H.-C.C.)
| | - Chia-Chen Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Chih Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan; (G.-W.W.); (H.-C.C.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan; (G.-W.W.); (H.-C.C.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
- Research and Development Center for Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
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29
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Kohli K, Pillarisetty VG, Kim TS. Key chemokines direct migration of immune cells in solid tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:10-21. [PMID: 33603130 PMCID: PMC8761573 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell infiltration into solid tumors, their movement within the tumor microenvironment (TME), and interaction with other immune cells are controlled by their directed migration towards gradients of chemokines. Dysregulated chemokine signaling in TME favors the growth of tumors, exclusion of effector immune cells, and abundance of immunosuppressive cells. Key chemokines directing the migration of immune cells into tumor tissue have been identified. In this review, we discuss well-studied chemokine receptors that regulate migration of effector and immunosuppressive immune cells in the context of cancer immunology. We discuss preclinical models that have described the role of respective chemokine receptors in immune cell migration into TME and review preclinical and clinical studies that target chemokine signaling as standalone or combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Kohli
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Venu G. Pillarisetty
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Teresa S. Kim
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
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30
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Zhang J, Yin H, Chen Q, Zhao G, Lou W, Wu W, Pu N. Basophils as a potential therapeutic target in cancer. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:971-984. [PMID: 34904411 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Basophils, which are considered as redundant relatives of mast cells and the rarest granulocytes in peripheral circulation, have been neglected by researchers in the past decades. Previous studies have revealed their vital roles in allergic diseases and parasitic infections. Intriguingly, recent studies even reported that basophils might be associated with cancer development, as activated basophils synthesize and release a variety of cytokines and chemokines in response to cancers. However, it is still subject to debate whether basophils function as tumor-protecting or tumor-promoting components; the answer may depend on the tumor biology and the microenvironment. Herein, we reviewed the role of basophils in cancers, and highlighted some potential and promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hanlin Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiangda Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guochao Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenhui Lou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenchuan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. , .,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. ,
| | - Ning Pu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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31
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Lewandowska P, Szczuka I, Bednarz-Misa I, Szczęśniak-Sięga BM, Neubauer K, Mierzchała-Pasierb M, Zawadzki M, Witkiewicz W, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Modulating Properties of Piroxicam, Meloxicam and Oxicam Analogues against Macrophage-Associated Chemokines in Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237375. [PMID: 34885960 PMCID: PMC8659253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the antineoplastic effects of oxicams have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to assess the effect of classic and novel oxicams on the expression/secretion of macrophage-associated chemokines (RTqPCR/Luminex xMAP) in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, and on the expression of upstream the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-activated genes NAG1, NFKBIA, MYD88, and RELA, as well as at the chemokine profiling in colorectal tumors. Meloxicam downregulated CCL4 9.9-fold, but otherwise the classic oxicams had a negligible/non-significant effect. Novel analogues with a thiazine ring substituted with arylpiperazine and benzoyl moieties significantly modulated chemokine expression to varying degree, upregulated NAG1 and NFKBIA, and downregulated MYD88. They inhibited CCL3 and CCL4, and their effect on CCL2 and CXCL2 depended on the dose and exposure. The propylene linker between thiazine and piperazine nitrogens and one arylpiperazine fluorine substituent characterized the most effective analogue. Only CCL19 and CXCL2 were not upregulated in tumors, nor was CXCL2 in tumor-adjacent tissue compared to normal mucosa. Compared to adjacent tissue, CCL4 and CXCL2 were upregulated, while CCL2, CCL8, and CCL19 were downregulated in tumors. Tumor CCL2 and CCL7 increased along with advancing T and CCL3, and CCL4 along with the N stage. The introduction of arylpiperazine and benzoyl moieties into the oxicam scaffold yields effective modulators of chemokine expression, which act by upregulating NAG1 and interfering with NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Lewandowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
| | - Izabela Szczuka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
| | - Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
| | | | - Katarzyna Neubauer
- Department and Clinics of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Mierzchała-Pasierb
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
| | - Marek Zawadzki
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (W.W.)
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Witkiewicz
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (W.W.)
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-1370
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32
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Wang L, Liang X, Liang M, Li D, Gu J, Huang W, Zhou J. PAX5 haploinsufficiency induces low T cell infiltration in the cancer microenvironment via reduced chemokines. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:826-834. [PMID: 34872475 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666211206094046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effects of PAXT mutations on tumor immunity. BACKGROUND Loss of function of PAX5 plays a key role in PAX5 mutation tumor. OBJECTIVE PAX5 haploinsufficiency promoting tumorigenesis is related to immune escape, but there was no report about mechanisms of PAX5 mutation inducing tumor immunological escape. METHOD We constructed the PAX5 haplodeletion A20 cell lines using gene-editing technology, built allografted A20 tumor models and evaluated the effect of PAX5 haplodeletion on T cells and chemokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RESULT Our results from different methods indicated percentages of CD3+ CD4+ T cells and CD3+ CD8+ T cells in TME of PAX5 haplodeletion clones decreased significantly compared with that of PAX5 wild type control. Several chemokines, such as Ccl2, Ccl4, Cxcl9 and Cxcl10, in TME of PAX5. CONCLUSION Our study showed that PAX5 haploinsufficiency induced low T cell infiltration in TME using decreased chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Xue Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Mi Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Dang Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Jia Gu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, Hubei. China
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33
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Wang C, Cui A, Bukenya M, Aung A, Pradhan D, Whittaker CA, Agarwal Y, Thomas A, Liang S, Amlashi P, Suh H, Spranger S, Hacohen N, Irvine DJ. Reprogramming NK cells and macrophages via combined antibody and cytokine therapy primes tumors for elimination by checkpoint blockade. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110021. [PMID: 34818534 PMCID: PMC8653865 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments aiming to augment immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer often focus on T cell immunity, but innate immune cells may have important roles to play. Here, we demonstrate a single-dose combination treatment (termed AIP) using a pan-tumor-targeting antibody surrogate, half-life-extended interleukin-2 (IL-2), and anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), which primes tumors to respond to subsequent ICB and promotes rejection of large established tumors in mice. Natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages activated by AIP treatment underwent transcriptional reprogramming; rapidly killed cancer cells; governed the recruitment of cross-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) and other leukocytes; and induced normalization of the tumor vasculature, facilitating further immune infiltration. Thus, innate cell-activating therapies can initiate critical steps leading to a self-sustaining cycle of T cell priming driven by ICB. Wang et al. report an immune priming therapy based on a single dose of anti-tumor antibodies, IL-2, and anti-PD-1, which engages natural killer cells and macrophages, promotes lymphocyte recruitment and activation, and elicits vascular normalization. This priming strategy allows subsequent immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) to eradicate large, established tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chensu Wang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ang Cui
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maurice Bukenya
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aereas Aung
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dikshant Pradhan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles A Whittaker
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yash Agarwal
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ayush Thomas
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Simon Liang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Parastoo Amlashi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Heikyung Suh
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stefani Spranger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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34
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Huntington KE, Louie A, Zhou L, El-Deiry WS. A high-throughput customized cytokinome screen of colon cancer cell responses to small-molecule oncology drugs. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1980-1991. [PMID: 34611474 PMCID: PMC8487726 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors are molecular messengers that circulate and have the capability to modify the tumor microenvironment and impact therapeutic response. The characterization of soluble mediators as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis is of interest in oncology. We utilize the cytokinome to characterize the response of colorectal tumor cell lines to selected small-molecules in oncology as a proof-of-concept dataset with immunomodulatory analyte heat map rankings for drug and cell line combinations. We observed overall trends in drug class effects with MEK-, BRAF-, PARP-inhibitors, and Imipridones in cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor responses that may help guide therapy selection. MEK-inhibitor treatment downregulated analytes VEGF, CXCL9/MIG, and IL-8/CXCL8 and upregulated CXCL14/BRAK, Prolactin, and CCL5/RANTES. BRAF-inhibitor treatment downregulated VEGF and IL-8/CXCL8, while increasing soluble TRAIL-R2. Treatment with PARP-inhibitors decreased CXCL9/MIG, IL-8/CXCL8, CCL3/MIP-1 alpha, VEGF, and CXCL14/BRAK, while treatment increased soluble TRAIL-R2 and prolactin. Treatment with Imipridones decreased CCL3/MIP-1 alpha, VEGF, CXCL14/BRAK, IL-8/CXCL8, and Prolactin and increased CXCL5/ENA-78. We also observed differential responses to therapeutics depending on the mutational profile of the cell line. In the future, a similar but larger dataset may be utilized in the clinic to aid in the prediction of patient response to immunomodulatory therapies based on tumor genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E. Huntington
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Anna Louie
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Surgery, Brown University, Lifespan Health System and Warren, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Lanlan Zhou
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Wafik S. El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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35
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Das K, Belnoue E, Rossi M, Hofer T, Danklmaier S, Nolden T, Schreiber LM, Angerer K, Kimpel J, Hoegler S, Spiesschaert B, Kenner L, von Laer D, Elbers K, Derouazi M, Wollmann G. A modular self-adjuvanting cancer vaccine combined with an oncolytic vaccine induces potent antitumor immunity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5195. [PMID: 34465781 PMCID: PMC8408233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells elicited by therapeutic cancer vaccination in combination with oncolytic viruses offer opportunities to address resistance to checkpoint blockade therapy. Two cancer vaccines, the self-adjuvanting protein vaccine KISIMA, and the recombinant oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with LCMV-GP expressing tumor-associated antigens, termed VSV-GP-TAA, both show promise as a single agent. Here we find that, when given in a heterologous prime-boost regimen with an optimized schedule and route of administration, combining KISIMA and VSV-GP-TAA vaccinations induces better cancer immunity than individually. Using several mouse tumor models with varying degrees of susceptibility for viral replication, we find that priming with KISIMA-TAA followed by VSV-GP-TAA boost causes profound changes in the tumor microenvironment, and induces a large pool of poly-functional and persistent antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells in the periphery. Combining this heterologous vaccination with checkpoint blockade further improves therapeutic efficacy with long-term survival in the spectrum. Overall, heterologous vaccination with KISIMA and VSV-GP-TAA could sensitize non-inflamed tumors to checkpoint blockade therapy. Successful cancer immune therapy correlates with a T cell-inflamed tumour microenvironment. Authors show here that co-administration of a self-adjuvanting protein vaccine and an antigen-expressing oncolytic virus in an optimised regimen strongly enhances T cell immunogenicity and may turn non-inflamed tumours proinflammatory and less resistant to checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Das
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elodie Belnoue
- AMAL Therapeutics, Geneva, Switzerland.,Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Matteo Rossi
- AMAL Therapeutics, Geneva, Switzerland.,Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Tamara Hofer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sarah Danklmaier
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tobias Nolden
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany.,ViraTherapeutics GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Liesa-Marie Schreiber
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Angerer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Janine Kimpel
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandra Hoegler
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bart Spiesschaert
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany.,ViraTherapeutics GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dorothee von Laer
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Knut Elbers
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany.,ViraTherapeutics GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Madiha Derouazi
- AMAL Therapeutics, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany.
| | - Guido Wollmann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. .,Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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36
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LaSalle T, Austin EE, Rigney G, Wehrenberg-Klee E, Nesti S, Larimer B, Mahmood U. Granzyme B PET imaging of immune-mediated tumor killing as a tool for understanding immunotherapy response. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000291. [PMID: 32461343 PMCID: PMC7254099 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer immunotherapy research is expanding to include a more robust understanding of the mechanisms of treatment response and resistance. Identification of drivers of pro-tumor and anti-tumor immunity during treatment offers new strategies for effective alternative or combination immunotherapies. Currently, tissue or blood samples are collected and analyzed, then dichotomized based on clinical end points that may occur months or years after tissue is collected. While overall survival is ultimately the desired clinical outcome, this dichotomization fails to incorporate the nuances that may occur during an anti-tumor response. By failing to directly measure immune activation at the time of sampling, tumors may be misclassified and potentially obscure important biological information. Non-invasive techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET), allow for global and quantitative measurements of cancer specific processes and are widely used clinically to help manage disease. Methods We have previously developed a novel PET agent that can non-invasively quantify granzyme B release in tumors and have demonstrated its ability to predict response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy in multiple murine models of cancer. Here, we used the quantitative measurement of granzyme B release as a direct and time-matched marker of immune cell activation in order to determine immune cell types and cytokines that correlate with effective checkpoint inhibitor therapy in both tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes. Results Through PET imaging, we were able to successfully distinguish distinct microenvironments, based on tumor type, which influenced immune cell subpopulations and cytokine release. Although each tumor was marked by functionally distinct pathways of immune cell activation and inflammation, they also shared commonalities that ultimately resulted in granzyme B release and tumor killing. Conclusions These results suggest that discrete tumor immune microenvironments can be identified in both responsive and non-responsive tumors and offers strategic targets for intervention to overcome checkpoint inhibitor resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas LaSalle
- Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily E Austin
- Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Grant Rigney
- Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Sarah Nesti
- Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Benjamin Larimer
- Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Umar Mahmood
- Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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37
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Tan Z, Lei Y, Zhang B, Shi S, Liu J, Yu X, Xu J, Liang C. Analysis of Immune-Related Signatures Related to CD4+ T Cell Infiltration With Gene Co-Expression Network in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:674897. [PMID: 34367961 PMCID: PMC8343184 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.674897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most invasive solid malignancies. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy confirmed an existing certain curative effect in treating PDAC. The aim of this study was to develop an immune-related molecular marker to enhance the ability to predict Stages III and IV PDAC patients. Method In this study, weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) analysis and a deconvolution algorithm (CIBERSORT) that evaluated the cellular constituent of immune cells were used to evaluate PDAC expression data from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) datasets, and identify modules related to CD4+ T cells. LASSO Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curve were applied to select and build prognostic multi-gene signature in TCGA Stages III and IV PDAC patients (N = 126). This was followed by independent Stages III and IV validation of the gene signature in the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC, N = 62) and the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC, N = 42) cohort. Inherited germline mutations and tumor immunity exploration were applied to elucidate the molecular mechanisms in PDAC. Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to verify the independent prognostic factors. Finally, a prognostic nomogram was created according to the TCGA-PDAC dataset. Results A four-gene signature comprising NAPSB, ZNF831, CXCL9 and PYHIN1 was established to predict overall survival of PDAC. This signature also robustly predicted survival in two independent validation cohorts. The four-gene signature could divide patients into high and low-risk groups with disparity overall survival verified by a Log-rank test. Expression of four genes positively correlated with immunosuppression activity (PD-L1 and PD1). Immune-related genes nomogram and corresponding calibration curves showed significant performance for predicting 3-year survival in TCGA-PDAC dataset. Conclusion We constructed a novel four-gene signature to predict the prognosis of Stages III and IV PDAC patients by applying WGCNA and CIBERSORT algorithm scoring to transcriptome data different from traditional methods of filtrating for differential genes in cancer and healthy tissues. The findings may provide reference to predict survival and was beneficial to individualized management for advanced PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubin Lei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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38
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Zhong Q, Lu Y, Xu W, Rong Z, Chang X, Qin L, Chen X, Zhou F. The differentiation of new human CD303 + Plasmacytoid dendritic cell subpopulations expressing CD205 and/or CD103 regulated by Non-Small-Cell lung cancer cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107983. [PMID: 34298400 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CD303+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play an important role in the induction of immune tolerance and antitumor immunity. Here, we focused on the effect of NSCLC cells on the development of CD303+ pDC subsets expressing CD205 and/or CD103. The NSCLC cell line H1299 and primary NSCLC cells were incubated with DCs. The protein expression of costimulatory molecules on CD303+ pDCs, the production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines by CD303+ pDCs and the development of CD303+ pDC subsets were detected by using flow cytometry. Coculture with NSCLC cells modulates the protein expression of CD86 and HLA-DR on CD303+ pDCs. Moreover, NSCLC cells suppressed the production of IL-12 and IL-23 but facilitated the secretion of IL-27 and TGF-β by CD303+ pDCs. There were new CD303+ pDC subsets expressing CD205 and/or CD103 in healthy donors and NSCLC patients: CD303+CD205+CD103+, CD303+CD205+CD103-, CD303+CD205-CD103+ and CD303+CD205-CD103- pDCs. NSCLC cells modulated the differentiation of CD303+ pDC subpopulations by regulating the protein expression of CD205 and/or CD103 on CD303+ pDCs. NSCLC cells may regulate the immune functions of CD303+ pDCs by modulating the expression of costimulatory molecules on DCs and the production of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines by DCs. NSCLC cells also regulate the development of CD303+ pDC subsets expressing CD205 and/or CD103. These outcomes may reveal a new cellular mechanism leading to the NSCLC-induced immune-suppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Zhong
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd. Huangpu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yong Lu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd. Huangpu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd. Huangpu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhien Rong
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd. Huangpu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xu Chang
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd. Huangpu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd. Huangpu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510820, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center of Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd. Huangpu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd. Huangpu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Fincham REA, Delvecchio FR, Goulart MR, Yeong JPS, Kocher HM. Natural killer cells in pancreatic cancer stroma. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:3483-3501. [PMID: 34239264 PMCID: PMC8240050 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i24.3483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of medicine's largest areas of unmet need. With five-year survival rates of < 8%, little improvement has been made in the last 50 years. Typically presenting with advance stage disease, treatment options are limited. To date, surgery remains the only potentially curative option, however, with such late disease presentation, the majority of patients are unresectable. Thus, new therapeutic options and a greater understanding of the complex stromal interactions within the tumour microenvironment are sorely needed to revise the dismal outlook for pancreatic cancer patients. Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial effector units in cancer immunosurveillance. Often used as a prognostic biomarker in a range of malignancies, NK cells have received much attention as an attractive target for immunotherapies, both as cell therapy and as a pharmaceutical target. Despite this interest, the role of NK cells in pancreatic cancer remains poorly defined. Nevertheless, increasing evidence of the importance of NK cells in this dismal prognosis disease is beginning to come to light. Here, we review the role of NK cells in pancreatic cancer, examine the complex interactions of these crucial effector units within pancreatic cancer stroma and shed light on the increasingly attractive use of NK cells as therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Elizabeth Ann Fincham
- Barts Cancer Institute-CRUK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Romana Delvecchio
- Barts Cancer Institute-CRUK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle R Goulart
- Barts Cancer Institute-CRUK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Poe Sheng Yeong
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Hemant M Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-CRUK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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40
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Kang TG, Park HJ, Moon J, Lee JH, Ha SJ. Enriching CCL3 in the Tumor Microenvironment Facilitates T cell Responses and Improves the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Therapy. Immune Netw 2021; 21:e23. [PMID: 34277113 PMCID: PMC8263215 DOI: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are key factors that influence the migration and maintenance of relevant immune cells into an infected tissue or a tumor microenvironment. Therefore, it is believed that the controlled administration of chemokines in the tumor microenvironment may be an effective immunotherapy against cancer. Previous studies have shown that CCL3, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, facilitates the recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs) for the presentation of tumor Ags and promotes T cell activation. Here, we investigated the role of CCL3 in regulating the tumor microenvironment using a syngeneic mouse tumor model. We observed that MC38 tumors overexpressing CCL3 (CCL3-OE) showed rapid regression compared with the wild type MC38 tumors. Additionally, these CCL3-OE tumors showed an increase in the proliferative and functional tumor-infiltrating T cells. Furthermore, PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade accelerated tumor regression in the CCL3-OE tumor microenvironment. Next, we generated a modified CCL3 protein for pre-clinical use by fusing recombinant CCL3 (rCCL3) with a non-cytolytic hybrid Fc (HyFc). Administering a controlled dose of rCCL3-HyFc via subcutaneous injections near tumors was effective in tumor regression and improved survival along with activated myeloid cells and augmented T cell responses. Furthermore, combination therapy of rCCL3-HyFc with PD-1 blockade exhibited prominent effect to tumor regression. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that appropriate concentrations of CCL3 in the tumor microenvironment would be an effective adjuvant to promote anti-tumor immune responses, and suggest that administering a long-lasting form of CCL3 in combination with PD-1 blockers can have clinical applications in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gun Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 (BK21) FOUR Program, Yonsei Education & Research Center for Biosystems, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Park
- Yuhan Corporation, Chemistry & Chemical Biology Team, Yuhan R&D Institute, Seoul 06927, Korea
| | - Jihyun Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 (BK21) FOUR Program, Yonsei Education & Research Center for Biosystems, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - June Hyung Lee
- Yuhan Corporation, Biologics Discovery Team, Seoul 06927, Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 (BK21) FOUR Program, Yonsei Education & Research Center for Biosystems, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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41
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Jacobs B, Gebel V, Heger L, Grèze V, Schild H, Dudziak D, Ullrich E. Characterization and Manipulation of the Crosstalk Between Dendritic and Natural Killer Cells Within the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670540. [PMID: 34054844 PMCID: PMC8160470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular therapy has entered the daily clinical life with the approval of CAR T cell therapeutics and dendritic cell (DCs) vaccines in the US and the EU. In addition, numerous other adoptive cellular products, including natural killer (NK) cells, are currently evaluated in early phase I/ II clinical trials for the treatment of cancer patients. Despite these promising accomplishments, various challenges remain to be mastered in order to ensure sustained therapeutic success. These include the identification of strategies by which tumor cells escape the immune system or establish an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). As part of the innate immune system, DCs and NK cells are both present within the TME of various tumor entities. While NK cells are well known for their intrinsic anti-tumor activity by their cytotoxicity capacities and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the role of DCs within the TME is a double-edged sword as different DC subsets have been described with either tumor-promoting or -inhibiting characteristics. In this review, we will discuss recent findings on the interaction of DCs and NK cells under physiological conditions and within the TME. One focus is the crosstalk of various DC subsets with NK cells and their impact on the progression or inhibition of tumor growth. In addition, we will provide suggestions to overcome the immunosuppressive outcome of the interaction of DCs and NK cells within the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Jacobs
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Haematology and Oncology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veronika Gebel
- Children's Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Experimental Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lukas Heger
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Victoria Grèze
- Children's Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Experimental Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Schild
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Evelyn Ullrich
- Children's Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Experimental Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Simioni C, Conti I, Varano G, Brenna C, Costanzi E, Neri LM. The Complexity of the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Role in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Implications for Therapies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:673506. [PMID: 34026651 PMCID: PMC8131840 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.673506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment that surrounds a tumor, in addition to the tumor itself, plays an important role in the onset of resistance to molecularly targeted therapies. Cancer cells and their microenvironment interact closely between them by means of a molecular communication that mutually influences their biological characteristics and behavior. Leukemia cells regulate the recruitment, activation and program of the cells of the surrounding microenvironment, including those of the immune system. Studies on the interactions between the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) cells have opened a scenario of potential therapeutic targets which include cytokines and their receptors, signal transduction networks, and hypoxia-related proteins. Hypoxia also enhances the formation of new blood vessels, and several studies show how angiogenesis could have a key role in the pathogenesis of ALL. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor-microenvironment communication and angiogenesis could contribute to the early diagnosis of leukemia and to personalized molecular therapies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Innovative Multi-Disciplinary Approaches for Precision Studies in Leukemia edited by Sandra Marmiroli (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy) and Xu Huang (University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Simioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA) - Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Conti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gabriele Varano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cinzia Brenna
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eva Costanzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA) - Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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He M, Yang T, Wang Y, Wang M, Chen X, Ding D, Zheng Y, Chen H. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Strategies for Synergistic Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002104. [PMID: 33709564 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) targeting checkpoints, such as, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 (PD-1), or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), can yield durable immune response in various types of cancers and has gained constantly increasing research interests in recent years. However, the efficacy of ICBT alone is limited by low response rate and immune-related side effects. Emerging preclinical and clinical studies reveal that chemotherapy, radiotherapy, phototherapy, or other immunotherapies can reprogramm immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironment into a "hot" one, thus synergizing with ICBT. In this review, the working principle and current development of various immune checkpoint inhibitors are summarized, while the interactive mechanism and recent progress of ICBT-based synergistic therapies with other immunotherapy, chemotherapy, phototherapy, and radiotherapy in fundamental and clinical studies in the past 5 years are depicted and highlighted. Moreover, the potential issues in current studies of ICBT-based synergistic therapies and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Tao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xingye Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Dawei Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yiran Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Huabing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
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Bates AM, Brown RJ, Pieper AA, Zangl LM, Arthur I, Carlson PM, Le T, Sosa GA, Clark PA, Sriramaneni RN, Kim K, Patel RB, Morris ZS. Combination of Bempegaldesleukin and Anti-CTLA-4 Prevents Metastatic Dissemination After Primary Resection or Radiotherapy in a Preclinical Model of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:645352. [PMID: 33937052 PMCID: PMC8083981 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.645352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical resection or hypo-fractionated radiation therapy (RT) in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) achieves local tumor control, but metastatic relapse remains a challenge. We hypothesized that immunotherapy with anti-CTLA-4 and bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG; NKTR-214), a CD122-preferential IL2 pathway agonist, after primary tumor RT or resection would reduce metastases in a syngeneic murine NSCLC model. Mice bearing Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) tumors were treated with combinations of BEMPEG, anti-CTLA-4, and primary tumor treatment (surgical resection or RT). Primary tumor size, mouse survival, and metastatic disease at the time of death were assessed. Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and cytokine analyses were performed on tumor specimens. All mice treated with RT or surgical resection of primary tumor alone succumbed to metastatic disease, and all mice treated with BEMPEG and/or anti-CTLA-4 succumbed to primary tumor local progression. The combination of primary tumor RT or resection and BEMPEG and anti-CTLA-4 reduced spontaneous metastasis and improved survival without any noted toxicity. Flow cytometric immunoprofiling of primary tumors revealed increased CD8 T and NK cells and decreased T-regulatory cells with the combination of BEMPEG, anti-CTLA-4, and RT compared to RT alone. Increased expression of genes associated with tumor cell immune susceptibility, immune cell recruitment, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation were observed in tumors of mice treated with BEMPEG, anti-CTLA-4, and RT. The combination of BEMPEG and anti-CTLA-4 with primary tumor RT or resection enabled effective control of local and metastatic disease in a preclinical murine NSCLC model. This therapeutic combination has important translational potential for patients with early-stage NSCLC and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Bates
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ryan J Brown
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Alexander A Pieper
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Luke M Zangl
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ian Arthur
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Peter M Carlson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Trang Le
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Gustavo A Sosa
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Paul A Clark
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Raghava N Sriramaneni
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ravi B Patel
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Human NK cells: From development to effector functions. Innate Immun 2021; 27:212-229. [PMID: 33761782 PMCID: PMC8054151 DOI: 10.1177/17534259211001512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cells are the major lymphocyte subset of the innate immune system that mediates antiviral and anti-tumor responses. It is well established that they develop mechanisms to distinguish self from non-self during the process of NK cell education. Unlike T and B cells, natural killer cells lack clonotypic receptors and are activated after recognizing their target via germline-encoded receptors through natural cytotoxicity, cytokine stimulation, and Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Subsequently, they utilize cytotoxic granules, death receptor ligands, and cytokines to perform their effector functions. In this review, we provide a general overview of human NK cells, as opposed to murine NK cells, discussing their ontogeny, maturation, receptor diversity, types of responses, and effector functions. Furthermore, we also describe recent advances in human NK cell biology, including tissue-resident NK cell populations, NK cell memory, and novel approaches used to target NK cells in cancer immunotherapy.
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Zhu Z, Song H, Xu J. CDKN2A Deletion in Melanoma Excludes T Cell Infiltration by Repressing Chemokine Expression in a Cell Cycle-Dependent Manner. Front Oncol 2021; 11:641077. [PMID: 33842347 PMCID: PMC8027313 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.641077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell-mediated immune response is the prerequisite for T-cell-based immunotherapy. However, the limitation of T-cell infiltration in solid tumors restricted the therapeutic effect of T-cell-based immunotherapy. The present study screened the molecular and genetic features of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) cohort, revealing that T-cell infiltration negatively correlated with genome copy number alteration. The analysis of the TCGA-SKCM cohort indicated that the copy number of CDKN2A was significantly decreased in patients with low T-cell infiltration. The results were validated in the other two melanoma cohorts (DFCI, Science 2015, and TGEN, Genome Res 2017). Besides, the immunohistochemistry analysis of CDKN2A and CD8 expression in 5 melanoma in situ and 15 invasive melanoma patients also showed that CD8 expression was decreased in the patients with low CDKN2A expression and there was a positive correlation between CDKN2A and CD8 expression in these patients. Interestingly, the CDKN2A deletion group and the group with low expression of T-cell markers shared similar gene and pathway alteration as compared with the normal CDKN2A group and the group with high expression of T-cell markers, especially the chemokine pathway. Further mechanistic study indicated that CDKN2A enhanced T cell recruitment and chemokine expression possibly through modulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in a cell cycle–dependent manner. Finally, we also found that CDKN2A deletion negatively correlated with the expression of T-cell markers in many other cancer types. In conclusion, CDKN2A deletion could inhibit T cell infiltration by inhibiting chemokine expression in a cell cycle dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Song
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
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Bergamaschi C, Pandit H, Nagy BA, Stellas D, Jensen SM, Bear J, Cam M, Valentin A, Fox BA, Felber BK, Pavlakis GN. Heterodimeric IL-15 delays tumor growth and promotes intratumoral CTL and dendritic cell accumulation by a cytokine network involving XCL1, IFN-γ, CXCL9 and CXCL10. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000599. [PMID: 32461349 PMCID: PMC7254133 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-15 (IL-15) promotes growth and activation of cytotoxic CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells. Bioactive IL-15 is produced in the body as a heterodimeric cytokine, comprising the IL-15 and IL-15 receptor alpha chains (hetIL-15). Several preclinical models support the antitumor activity of hetIL-15 promoting its application in clinical trials. METHODS The antitumor activity of hetIL-15 produced from mammalian cells was tested in mouse tumor models (MC38 colon carcinoma and TC-1 epithelial carcinoma). The functional diversity of the immune infiltrate and the cytokine/chemokine network within the tumor was evaluated by flow cytometry, multicolor immunohistochemistry (IHC), gene expression profiling by Nanostring Technologies, and protein analysis by electrochemiluminescence and ELISA assays. RESULTS hetIL-15 treatment resulted in delayed primary tumor growth. Increased NK and CD8+ T cell tumoral infiltration with an increased CD8+/Treg ratio were found by flow cytometry and IHC in hetIL-15 treated animals. Intratumoral NK and CD8+ T cells showed activation features with enhanced interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production, proliferation (Ki67+), cytotoxic potential (Granzyme B+) and expression of the survival factor Bcl-2. Transcriptomics and proteomics analyses revealed complex effects on the tumor microenvironment triggered by hetIL-15 therapy, including increased levels of IFN-γ and XCL1 with intratumoral accumulation of XCR1+IRF8+CD103+ conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1). Concomitantly, the production of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 by tumor-localized myeloid cells, including cDC1, was boosted by hetIL-15 in an IFN-γ-dependent manner. An increased frequency of circulating CXCR3+ NK and CD8+ T cells was found, suggesting their ability to migrate toward the tumors following the CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokine gradient. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that hetIL-15 administration enhances T cell entry into tumors, increasing the success rate of immunotherapy interventions. Our study further supports the incorporation of hetIL-15 in tumor immunotherapy approaches to promote the development of antitumor responses by favoring effector over regulatory cells and by promoting lymphocyte and DC localization into tumors through the modification of the tumor chemokine and cytokine milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bergamaschi
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Hrishikesh Pandit
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Bethany A Nagy
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Dimitris Stellas
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Shawn M Jensen
- Robert W Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Portland Medical Center, Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jenifer Bear
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Maggie Cam
- Office of Science and Technology Resources, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonio Valentin
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Bernard A Fox
- Robert W Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Portland Medical Center, Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Barbara K Felber
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - George N Pavlakis
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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Boosting CAR T-cell responses in lymphoma by simultaneous targeting of CD40/4-1BB using oncolytic viral gene therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:2851-2865. [PMID: 33666760 PMCID: PMC8423656 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment of B-cell lymphoma patients with immunostimulatory gene therapy using armed oncolytic viruses may prime tumor lesions for subsequent chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, thereby enhancing CAR T-cell functionality and possibly increasing response rates in patients. LOAd703 (delolimogene mupadenorepvec) is an oncolytic adenovirus (serotype 5/35) that encodes for the transgenes CD40L and 4-1BBL, which activate both antigen-presenting cells and T cells. Many adenoviruses failed to demonstrate efficacy in B-cell malignancies, but LOAd703 infect cells via CD46, which enables B cell infection. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic potential of LOAd703 in human B-cell lymphoma models, alone or in combination with CAR T-cell therapy. LOAd703 could infect and replicate in B-cell lymphoma cell lines (BC-3, Karpas422, Daudi, DG-75, U-698) and induced an overall enhanced immunogenic profile with upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86, CD70, MHC molecules, death receptor Fas and adhesion molecule ICAM-1. Further, CAR T-cell functionality was boosted by stimulation with lymphoma cells infected with LOAd703. This was demonstrated by an augmented release of IFN-γ and granzyme B, increased expression of the degranulation marker CD107a, fewer PD-1 + TIM-3+ CAR T cells in vitro and enhanced lymphoma cell killing both in in vitro and in vivo xenograft models. In addition, LOAd703-infected lymphoma cells upregulated the secretion of several chemokines (CXCL10, CCL17, CCL22, CCL3, CCL4) essential for immune cell homing, leading to enhanced CAR T-cell migration. In conclusion, immunostimulatory LOAd703 therapy is an intriguing approach to induce anti-lymphoma immune responses and to improve CAR T-cell therapy in B-cell lymphoma.
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Niccolai E, Russo E, Baldi S, Ricci F, Nannini G, Pedone M, Stingo FC, Taddei A, Ringressi MN, Bechi P, Mengoni A, Fani R, Bacci G, Fagorzi C, Chiellini C, Prisco D, Ramazzotti M, Amedei A. Significant and Conflicting Correlation of IL-9 With Prevotella and Bacteroides in Human Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 11:573158. [PMID: 33488574 PMCID: PMC7820867 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Gut microbiota (GM) can support colorectal cancer (CRC) progression by modulating immune responses through the production of both immunostimulatory and/or immunosuppressive cytokines. The role of IL-9 is paradigmatic because it can either promote tumor progression in hematological malignancies or inhibit tumorigenesis in solid cancers. Therefore, we investigate the microbiota–immunity axis in healthy and tumor mucosa, focusing on the correlation between cytokine profile and GM signature. Methods In this observational study, we collected tumor (CRC) and healthy (CRC-S) mucosa samples from 45 CRC patients, who were undergoing surgery in 2018 at the Careggi University Hospital (Florence, Italy). First, we characterized the tissue infiltrating lymphocyte subset profile and the GM composition. Subsequently, we evaluated the CRC and CRC-S molecular inflammatory response and correlated this profile with GM composition, using Dirichlet multinomial regression. Results CRC samples displayed higher percentages of Th17, Th2, and Tregs. Moreover, CRC tissues showed significantly higher levels of MIP-1α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IP-10, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, P-selectin, and IL-9. Compared to CRC-S, CRC samples also showed significantly higher levels of the following genera: Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Fusobacterium, Ruminococcus2, and Ruminococcus. Finally, the abundance of Prevotella spp. in CRC samples negatively correlated with IL-17A and positively with IL-9. On the contrary, Bacteroides spp. presence negatively correlated with IL-9. Conclusions Our data consolidate antitumor immunity impairment and the presence of a distinct microbiota profile in the tumor microenvironment compared with the healthy mucosa counterpart. Relating the CRC cytokine profile with GM composition, we confirm the presence of bidirectional crosstalk between the immune response and the host’s commensal microorganisms. Indeed, we document, for the first time, that Prevotella spp. and Bacteroides spp. are, respectively, positively and negatively correlated with IL-9, whose role in CRC development is still under debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Niccolai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Baldi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Federica Ricci
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio" University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Pedone
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti", Florence, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bechi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mengoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Renato Fani
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bacci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Camilla Fagorzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Prisco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio" University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy
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Mirlekar B, Pylayeva-Gupta Y. IL-12 Family Cytokines in Cancer and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E167. [PMID: 33418929 PMCID: PMC7825035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-12 family cytokines are a group of unique heterodimeric cytokines that include IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35 and, most recently, IL-39. Recent studies have solidified the importance of IL-12 cytokines in shaping innate and adaptive immune responses in cancer and identified multipronged roles for distinct IL-12 family members, ranging from effector to regulatory immune functions. These cytokines could serve as promising candidates for the development of immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches. Overall, IL-12 can be considered an effector cytokine and has been found to engage anti-tumor immunity by activating the effector Th1 response, which is required for the activation of cytotoxic T and NK cells and tumor clearance. IL-23 and IL-27 play dual roles in tumor immunity, as they can both activate effector immune responses and promote tumor growth by favoring immune suppression. IL-35 is a potent regulatory cytokine and plays a largely pro-tumorigenic role by inhibiting effector T cells. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on IL-12 family cytokines in the control of tumor growth with an emphasis primarily on immune regulation. We underscore the clinical implications for the use of these cytokines either in the setting of monotherapy or in combination with other conventional therapies for the more effective treatment of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhalchandra Mirlekar
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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