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Arellano G, Acuña E, Loda E, Moore L, Tichauer JE, Castillo C, Vergara F, Burgos PI, Penaloza-MacMaster P, Miller SD, Naves R. Therapeutic role of interferon-γ in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is mediated through a tolerogenic subset of splenic CD11b + myeloid cells. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:144. [PMID: 38822334 PMCID: PMC11143617 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cumulative evidence has established that Interferon (IFN)-γ has both pathogenic and protective roles in Multiple Sclerosis and the animal model, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the underlying mechanisms to the beneficial effects of IFN-γ are not well understood. In this study, we found that IFN-γ exerts therapeutic effects on chronic, relapsing-remitting, and chronic progressive EAE models. The frequency of regulatory T (Treg) cells in spinal cords from chronic EAE mice treated with IFN-γ was significantly increased with no effect on Th1 and Th17 cells. Consistently, depletion of FOXP3-expressing cells blocked the protective effects of IFN-γ, indicating that the therapeutic effect of IFN-γ depends on the presence of Treg cells. However, IFN-γ did not trigger direct in vitro differentiation of Treg cells. In vivo administration of blocking antibodies against either interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β or program death (PD)-1, revealed that the protective effects of IFN-γ in EAE were also dependent on TGF-β and PD-1, but not on IL-10, suggesting that IFN-γ might have an indirect role on Treg cells acting through antigen-presenting cells. Indeed, IFN-γ treatment increased the frequency of a subset of splenic CD11b+ myeloid cells expressing TGF-β-Latency Associated Peptide (LAP) and program death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in a signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1-dependent manner. Furthermore, splenic CD11b+ cells from EAE mice preconditioned in vitro with IFN-γ and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide exhibited a tolerogenic phenotype with the capability to induce conversion of naïve CD4+ T cells mediated by secretion of TGF-β. Remarkably, adoptive transfer of splenic CD11b+ cells from IFN-γ-treated EAE mice into untreated recipient mice ameliorated clinical symptoms of EAE and limited central nervous system infiltration of mononuclear cells and effector helper T cells. These results reveal a novel cellular and molecular mechanism whereby IFN-γ promotes beneficial effects in EAE by endowing splenic CD11b+ myeloid cells with tolerogenic and therapeutic activities.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Myeloid Cells/drug effects
- Myeloid Cells/immunology
- Myeloid Cells/metabolism
- Spleen/immunology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- CD11b Antigen/metabolism
- Female
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/toxicity
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- Peptide Fragments/toxicity
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Arellano
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, US
- Center for Human Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Eric Acuña
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eileah Loda
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Lindsay Moore
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Juan E Tichauer
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Castillo
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabian Vergara
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula I Burgos
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, US
- Center for Human Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, US.
- Center for Human Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, US.
| | - Rodrigo Naves
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Schnell A. Stem-like T cells in cancer and autoimmunity. Immunol Rev 2024. [PMID: 38804499 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Stem-like T cells are characterized by their ability to self-renew, survive long-term, and give rise to a heterogeneous pool of effector and memory T cells. Recent advances in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and lineage tracing technologies revealed an important role for stem-like T cells in both autoimmunity and cancer. In cancer, stem-like T cells constitute an important arm of the anti-tumor immune response by giving rise to effector T cells that mediate tumor control. In contrast, in autoimmunity stem-like T cells perform an unfavorable role by forming a reservoir of long-lived autoreactive cells that replenish the pathogenic, effector T-cell pool and thereby driving disease pathology. This review provides background on the discovery of stem-like T cells and their function in cancer and autoimmunity. Moreover, the influence of the microbiota and metabolism on the stem-like T-cell pool is summarized. Lastly, the implications of our knowledge about stem-like T cells for clinical treatment strategies for cancer and autoimmunity will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schnell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Sonar SA, Meitei HT, Karmakar S, Mishra A, Inamdar S, Lenka N, Lal G. Th17 cell promotes apoptosis of IL-23R + neurons in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Clin Immunol 2024; 259:109898. [PMID: 38185267 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.109898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Myelin antigen-reactive Th1 and Th17 cells are critical drivers of central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune inflammation. Transcription factors T-bet and RORγt play a crucial role in the differentiation and function of Th1 and Th17 cells, and impart them a pathogenic role in CNS autoimmune inflammation. Mice deficient in these two factors do not develop experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). While T-bet and RORγt are known to regulate the expression of several cell adhesion and migratory molecules in T cells, their role in supporting Th1 and Th17 trafficking to the CNS is not completely understood. More importantly, once Th1 and Th17 cells reach the CNS, how the function of these transcription factors modulates the local inflammatory response during EAE is unclear. In the present study, we showed that myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 peptide (MOG35-55)-specific Th1 cells deficient in RORγt could cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) but failed to induce demyelination, apoptosis of neurons, and EAE. Pathogenic Th17 cell-derived cytokines GM-CSF, TNF-α, IL-17A, and IL-21 significantly increased the surface expression of IL-23R on neuronal cells. Furthermore, we showed that, in EAE, neurons in the brain and spinal cord express IL-23R. IL-23-IL-23R signaling in neuronal cells caused phosphorylation of STAT3 (Ser727 and Tyr705) and induced cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) molecules in an IL-23R-dependent manner and caused apoptosis. Thus, we provided a mechanism showing that T-bet is required to recruit pathogenic Th17 cells to the CNS and RORγt-mediated inflammatory response to drive the apoptosis of IL-23R+ neurons in the CNS and cause EAE. Understanding detailed molecular mechanisms will help to design better strategies to control neuroinflammation and autoimmunity. ONE SENTENCE SUMMARY: IL-23-IL-23R signaling promotes apoptosis of CNS neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Ashok Sonar
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India
| | - Heikrujam Thoihen Meitei
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India
| | - Surojit Karmakar
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India
| | - Amrita Mishra
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India
| | - Shrirang Inamdar
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India
| | - Nibedita Lenka
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India
| | - Girdhari Lal
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India.
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4
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Corbin-Stein NJ, Childers GM, Webster JM, Zane A, Yang YT, Mudium N, Gupta R, Manfredsson FP, Kordower JH, Harms AS. IFNγ drives neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:11. [PMID: 38238869 PMCID: PMC10797897 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01710-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare and fatal synucleinopathy characterized by insoluble alpha-synuclein (α-syn) cytoplasmic inclusions located within oligodendroglia. Neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration are correlated with areas of glia cytoplasmic inclusions (GCI) pathology, however it is not known what specifically drives disease pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that disease pathologies found in post-mortem tissue from MSA patients can be modeled in rodents via a modified AAV overexpressing α-syn, Olig001-SYN, which has a 95% tropism for oligodendrocytes. In the Olig001-SYN mouse model, CD4+ T cells have been shown to drive neuroinflammation and demyelination, however the mechanism by which this occurs remains unclear. In this study we use genetic and pharmacological approaches in the Olig001-SYN model of MSA to show that the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon gamma (IFNγ) drives neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, using an IFNγ reporter mouse, we found that infiltrating CD4+ T cells were the primary producers of IFNγ in response to α-syn overexpression in oligodendrocytes. Results from these studies indicate that IFNγ expression from CD4+ T cells drives α-syn-mediated neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. These results indicate that targeting IFNγ expression may be a potential disease modifying therapeutic strategy for MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Corbin-Stein
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Gabrielle M Childers
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jhodi M Webster
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Asta Zane
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Nikhita Mudium
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Fredric P Manfredsson
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Kordower
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Ashley S Harms
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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5
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Holloman JP, Dimas SH, Archambault AS, Filipello F, Du L, Feng J, Zhao Y, Bollman B, Piccio L, Steelman AJ, Hu H, Wu GF. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4-Dependent Microglial Function in Myelin Injury and Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17097. [PMID: 38069420 PMCID: PMC10706888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are found pathologically at all stages of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion development and are hypothesized to contribute to both inflammatory injury and neuroprotection in the MS brain. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels are widely expressed, play an important role as environmental sensors, and are involved in calcium homeostasis for a variety of cells. TRPV4 modulates myeloid cell phagocytosis in the periphery and microglial motility in the central nervous system. We hypothesized that TRPV4 deletion would alter microglia phagocytosis in vitro and lessen disease activity and demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) and cuprizone-induced demyelination. We found that genetic deletion of TRPV4 led to increased microglial phagocytosis in vitro but did not alter the degree of demyelination or remyelination in the cuprizone mouse model of MS. We also found no difference in disease in EAE following global or microglia-specific deletion of Trpv4. Additionally, lesioned and normal appearing white matter from MS brains exhibited similar TRPV4 expression compared to healthy brain tissue. Taken together, these findings indicate that TRPV4 modulates microglial activity but does not impact disease activity in mouse models of MS, suggesting a muted and/or redundant role in MS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameson P. Holloman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA (F.F.)
| | - Sophia H. Dimas
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (S.H.D.)
| | - Angela S. Archambault
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA (F.F.)
| | - Fabia Filipello
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA (F.F.)
| | - Lixia Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA (Y.Z.)
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA (Y.Z.)
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA (Y.Z.)
| | - Bryan Bollman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA (F.F.)
| | - Laura Piccio
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA (F.F.)
| | - Andrew J. Steelman
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (S.H.D.)
- Department Neuroscience Program, Division of Nutritional Sciences, and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA (Y.Z.)
| | - Gregory F. Wu
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA (F.F.)
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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6
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Aldossari AA, Assiri MA, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Attia SM, Bakheet SA, Albekairi TH, Alomar HA, Al-Mazroua HA, Almanaa TN, Al-Hamamah MA, Alwetaid MY, Ahmad SF. Histamine H4 Receptor Antagonist Ameliorates the Progression of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis via Regulation of T-Cell Imbalance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15273. [PMID: 37894952 PMCID: PMC10607370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative condition characterized by immune-mediated attacks on the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in demyelination and recurring T-cell responses. The histamine H4 receptor (H4R) is mainly expressed in cellular populations and plays a vital role in inflammation and immunological responses. The role of H4R in neurons of the CNS has recently been revealed. However, the precise role of H4R in neuronal function remains inadequately understood. The objective of this work was to investigate the impact of JNJ 10191584 (JNJ), a highly effective and specific H4R antagonist, on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and to gain insight into the underlying mechanism involved. In this study, we examined the potential impact of JNJ therapy on the course of EAE in SJL/J mice. EAE mice were administered an oral dose of JNJ at a concentration of 6 mg/kg once a day, starting from day 10 and continuing until day 42. Afterward, the mice's clinical scores were assessed. In this study, we conducted additional research to examine the impact of JNJ on several types of immune cells, specifically Th1 (IFN-γ and T-bet), Th9 (IL-9 and IRF4), Th17 (IL-17A and RORγt), and regulatory T (Tregs; Foxp3 and TGF-β1) cells in the spleen. In this study, we further investigated the impact of JNJ on the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, T-bet, IL-9, IRF4, IL-17A, RORγt, Foxp3, and TGF-β1 in the brain. Daily treatment of JNJ effectively reduced the development of EAE in mice. The percentages of CD4+IFN-γ+, CD4+T-bet+, CD4+IL-9+, CD4+IRF4+, CD4+IL-17A+, and CD4+RORγt+ cells were shown to decrease, whereas the percentages of CD4+TGF-β1+ and CD4+Foxp3+ cells were observed to increase in EAE mice treated with JNJ. Therefore, the HR4 antagonist positively affected the course of EAE by modulating the signaling of transcription factors. The identified results include possible ramifications in the context of MS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A. Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A. Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M. Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatun A. Alomar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen A. Al-Mazroua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed N. Almanaa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Hamamah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alwetaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Salehi N, Nourbakhsh M, Noori S, Rezaeizadeh H, Zarghi A. Tehranolid and Artemisinin Effects on Ameliorating Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Modulating Inflammation and Remyelination. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5975-5986. [PMID: 37391648 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Artemisinin (ART) is a natural sesquiterpene lactone with an endoperoxide bond that is well-known for its anti-inflammatory effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most commonly used animal model of MS. Tehranolide (TEH) is a novel compound with structural similarity to ART. In this study, we aimed to investigate the ameliorating effect of TEH on EAE development by targeting proteins and genes involved in this process and compare its effects with ART. Female C57BL/6 mice were immunized with MOG35-55. Twelve days post-immunization, mice were treated with 0.28 mg/kg/day TEH and 2.8 mg/kg/day ART for 18 consecutive days, and the clinical score was measured daily. The levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were assessed in mice serum and splenocytes by ELISA. We also evaluated the mRNA expression level of cytokines, as well as genes involved in T cell differentiation and myelination in the spinal cord tissue by qRT-PCR. Administration of TEH and ART significantly alleviated EAE signs. A significant reduction in IL-6 and IL-17 secretion and IL-17 and IL-1 gene expression in spinal cord were observed in the TEH-treated group. ART had similar or less significant effects. Moreover, TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-10 genes were stimulated by ART and TEH in the spinal cord, while the treatments did not affect IFN-γ expression. Both treatments dramatically increased the expression of FOXP3, GATA3, MBP, and AXL. Additionally, the T-bet gene was reduced after TEH administration. The compounds made no changes in RORγt, nestin, Gas6, Tyro3, and Mertk mRNA expression levels in the spinal cord. The study revealed that both TEH and ART can effectively modulate the genes responsible for inflammation and myelination that play a crucial role in EAE. Interestingly, TEH demonstrated a greater potency compared to ART and hence may have the potential to be evaluated in interventions for the management of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Salehi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoofe Noori
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Rezaeizadeh
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Schultz AB, Kugler DG, Nivelo L, Vitari N, Doyle LP, Ristin S, Hennighausen L, O’Shea JJ, Jankovic D, Villarino AV. T cell intrinsic STAT1 signaling prevents aberrant Th1 responses during acute toxoplasmosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212190. [PMID: 37559725 PMCID: PMC10407301 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection-induced T cell responses must be properly tempered and terminated to prevent immuno-pathology. Using transgenic mice, we demonstrate that T cell intrinsic STAT1 signaling is required to curb inflammation during acute infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Specifically, we report that mice lacking STAT1 selectively in T cells expel parasites but ultimately succumb to lethal immuno-pathology characterized by aberrant Th1-type responses with reduced IL-10 and increased IL-13 production. We also find that, unlike STAT1, STAT3 is not required for induction of IL-10 or suppression of IL-13 during acute toxoplasmosis. Each of these findings was confirmed in vitro and ChIP-seq data mining showed that STAT1 and STAT3 co-localize at the Il10 locus, as well as loci encoding other transcription factors that regulate IL-10 production, most notably Maf and Irf4. These data advance basic understanding of how infection-induced T cell responses are managed to prevent immuno-pathology and provide specific insights on the anti-inflammatory properties of STAT1, highlighting its role in shaping the character of Th1-type responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron B. Schultz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - David G. Kugler
- Immunoparasitology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Luis Nivelo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Nicolas Vitari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Laura P. Doyle
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Svetlana Ristin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lothar Hennighausen
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John J. O’Shea
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dragana Jankovic
- Immunoparasitology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alejandro V. Villarino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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9
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Endo K, Sawa T, Tanaka Y, Saiki T, Haga H, Rizeq L, Aso H, Isono M, Niitsuma F, Masaki A, Makabe H, Tanaka S. Oral administration of procyanidin B2 3,3"-di-O-gallate ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through immunosuppressive effects on CD4 + T cells by regulating glycolysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175879. [PMID: 37406847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system caused by the excessive activation of T cells. Procyanidins are polyphenols that exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. Procyanidin B2 (PCB2) gallate [specifically, PCB2 3,3″-di-O-gallate (PCB2DG)] inhibits cytokine production in T cells by suppressing the acceleration of glycolysis. In this study, we determined the effect of PCB2DG on T cell-mediated autoimmune disease in vivo. We examined the immunosuppressive effects of PCB2DG using an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, which is a classic animal model for MS. Our results indicated that the clinical score for EAE symptoms improved significantly following the oral administration of PCB2DG. This effect was associated with the suppression of T cell-mediated cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17) and infiltrating T cells into the spinal cord, which ameliorated spinal cord injury. In addition, spleen cell culture experiments revealed that the increase of T cell-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines in EAE mice was significantly decreased following PCB2DG treatment. We further analyzed the glycolytic activity of spleen cells to identify the mechanism of the immunosuppressive effects of PCB2DG. The production of lactate and the expression of glycolytic enzymes and transporters were increased following EAE induction, but not in PCB2DG-treated EAE mice. Collectively, our results indicate that a dietary polyphenol, which has a unique structure, improves the onset of EAE symptoms and inhibits the excessive activation of T cells by influencing glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Endo
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Science and Technology Agriculture, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Toko Sawa
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Yuna Tanaka
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Takeru Saiki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Hazuki Haga
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Lana Rizeq
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Haruka Aso
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Momoka Isono
- Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Fumie Niitsuma
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Akihiro Masaki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Makabe
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Science and Technology Agriculture, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan; Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan; Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan; Division of Innovative Biomolecular Science, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Sachi Tanaka
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Science and Technology Agriculture, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan; Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan; Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.
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10
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Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA, Al-Mazroua HA, Alomar HA, Al-Hamamah MA, Attia SM. S3I-201, a selective stat3 inhibitor, ameliorates clinical symptoms in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through the regulation of multiple intracellular signalling in Th1, Th17, and treg cells. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 73:104658. [PMID: 36989705 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells, specifically Th cells (Th1 and Th17) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the CNS. STAT3 inhibitors are potential therapeutic targets for several immune disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of a well-known STAT3 inhibitor, S3I-201, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS. Following induction of EAE, mice were intraperitoneally administered S3I-201 (10 mg/kg) each day, beginning on day 14 and continuing till day 35 and were evaluated for clinical signs. Flow cytometry was used to investigate further the effect of S3I-201 on Th1 (IFN-γ, STAT1, pSTAT1, and T-bet), Th17 (IL-17A, STAT3, pSTAT3, and RORγt), and regulatory T cells (Treg, IL-10, TGF-β1, and FoxP3) expressed in splenic CD4+ T cells. Moreover, we analyzed the effects of S3I-201 on mRNA and protein expression of IFN-γ, T-bet, IL-17A, STAT1, STAT3, pSTAT1, pSTAT3, RORγ, IL-10, TGF-β1, and FoxP3 in the brains of EAE mice. The severity of clinical scores decreased in S3I-201-treated EAE mice compared to vehicle-treated EAE mice. S3I-201 treatment significantly decreased CD4+IFN-γ+, CD4+STAT1+, CD4+pSTAT1+, CD4+T-bet+, CD4+IL-17A+, CD4+STAT3+, CD4+pSTAT3+, and CD4+RORγt+ and increased CD4+IL-10+, CD4+TGF-β1+, and CD4+FoxP3+ in the spleens of EAE mice. Additionally, S3I-201 administration in EAE mice significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of Th1 and Th17 and increased those of Treg. These results suggest that S3I-201 may have novel therapeutic potential against MS.
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11
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Mammadli M, Suo L, Sen JM, Karimi M. TCF-1 Is Required for CD4 T Cell Persistence Functions during AlloImmunity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054326. [PMID: 36901757 PMCID: PMC10002223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor T cell factor-1 (TCF-1) is encoded by Tcf7 and plays a significant role in regulating immune responses to cancer and pathogens. TCF-1 plays a central role in CD4 T cell development; however, the biological function of TCF-1 on mature peripheral CD4 T cell-mediated alloimmunity is currently unknown. This report reveals that TCF-1 is critical for mature CD4 T cell stemness and their persistence functions. Our data show that mature CD4 T cells from TCF-1 cKO mice did not cause graft versus host disease (GvHD) during allogeneic CD4 T cell transplantation, and donor CD4 T cells did not cause GvHD damage to target organs. For the first time, we showed that TCF-1 regulates CD4 T cell stemness by regulating CD28 expression, which is required for CD4 stemness. Our data showed that TCF-1 regulates CD4 effector and central memory formation. For the first time, we provide evidence that TCF-1 differentially regulates key chemokine and cytokine receptors critical for CD4 T cell migration and inflammation during alloimmunity. Our transcriptomic data uncovered that TCF-1 regulates critical pathways during normal state and alloimmunity. Knowledge acquired from these discoveries will enable us to develop a target-specific approach for treating CD4 T cell-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahinbanu Mammadli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Liye Suo
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jyoti Misra Sen
- National Institute on Aging-National Institute of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Center of Aging and Immune Remodeling and Immunology Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mobin Karimi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 315-464-2344
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12
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Barateiro A, Barros C, Pinto MV, Ribeiro AR, Alberro A, Fernandes A. Women in the field of multiple sclerosis: How they contributed to paradigm shifts. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1087745. [PMID: 36818652 PMCID: PMC9937661 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1087745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
History is full of women who made enormous contributions to science. While there is little to no imbalance at the early career stage, a decreasing proportion of women is found as seniority increases. In the multiple sclerosis (MS) field, 44% of first authors and only 35% of senior authors were female. So, in this review, we highlight ground-breaking research done by women in the field of MS, focusing mostly on their work as principal investigators. MS is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), with evident paradigm shifts in the understating of its pathophysiology. It is known that the immune system becomes overactivated and attacks myelin sheath surrounding axons. The resulting demyelination disrupts the communication signals to and from the CNS, which causes unpredictable symptoms, depending on the neurons that are affected. Classically, MS was reported to cause mostly physical and motor disabilities. However, it is now recognized that cognitive impairment affects more than 50% of the MS patients. Another shifting paradigm was the involvement of gray matter in MS pathology, formerly considered to be a white matter disease. Additionally, the identification of different T cell immune subsets and the mechanisms underlying the involvement of B cells and peripheral macrophages provided a better understanding of the immunopathophysiological processes present in MS. Relevantly, the gut-brain axis, recognized as a bi-directional communication system between the CNS and the gut, was found to be crucial in MS. Indeed, gut microbiota influences not only different susceptibilities to MS pathology, but it can also be modulated in order to positively act in MS course. Also, after the identification of the first microRNA in 1993, the role of microRNAs has been investigated in MS, either as potential biomarkers or therapeutic agents. Finally, concerning MS therapeutical approaches, remyelination-based studies have arisen on the spotlight aiming to repair myelin loss/neuronal connectivity. Altogether, here we emphasize the new insights of remarkable women that have voiced the impact of cognitive impairment, white and gray matter pathology, immune response, and that of the CNS-peripheral interplay on MS diagnosis, progression, and/or therapy efficacy, leading to huge breakthroughs in the MS field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Barateiro
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal,Andreia Barateiro,
| | - Catarina Barros
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria V. Pinto
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Ribeiro
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ainhoa Alberro
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal,Multiple Sclerosis Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Adelaide Fernandes
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal,*Correspondence: Adelaide Fernandes,
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13
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Deng Y, Xu W, Gao X, Chen Y, Yang H, Shao M, Pan F. JAK-STAT signaling pathway-related gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis in eastern Chinese Han population. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:549-562. [PMID: 36355252 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A case-control study was utilized to investigate the relationship between genetic variation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway-related genes and the susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS Fifteen SNPs in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway-related genes from 660 AS patients and 646 healthy controls were genotyped using iMLDR technology (JAK1: rs2230587, rs2230588, rs2780815, rs310241; JAK2: rs2274472, rs2230722, rs2230724, rs10758669; STAT1: rs10199181, rs1547550, rs2066802, rs45463799, rs6718902; STAT3: rs3744483; STAT5A: rs1135669). RESULTS Allele analysis revealed that the T allele of STAT1 rs6718902 was a protective agent for male AS patients (OR = 0.765, 95% CI = 0.644-0.909). Inheritance models showed that GG + CG as well as GG genotypes of STAT1 rs1547550 had a significant risk of developing AS in males (OR = 5.374, 95%CI = 2.505-11.526; OR = 5.186, 95%CI = 2.412-11.153). The TT + CT and TT genotypes at STAT1 rs6718902 were observed to be associated with a significantly decreased risk of AS compared to CC genotypes among male patients and male controls (OR = 0.637, 95%CI = 0.485-0.837; OR = 0.597, 95%CI = 0.422-0.845). Furthermore, the genotypes of JAK1 gene rs2230588, rs2780815, and rs310241 were correlated with the severity of clinical conditions in female AS patients, while the JAK2 rs2230724 genotypes may affect disease ability in male AS patients. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that JAK-STAT signaling pathway-related gene single nucleotide polymorphisms may be associated with AS susceptibility in eastern Chinese Han population. Key Points • The T allele of rs6718902 on the STAT1 gene may be a protective agent for male AS patients. • STAT1 rs1547550 GG + CG and GG genotypes were observed to be connected with a risk of male AS patients. However, STAT1 rs6718902 TT + CT and TT genotypes reduced the susceptibility risk of male AS patients compared to wild-type CC. • The JAK1 genes rs2230588, rs2780815, and rs310241 may affect disease functional status in female AS patients, while the JAK2 rs2230724 genotype was related to disease activity in male AS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Shao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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14
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Lu C, Ma H, Song L, Wang H, Wang L, Li S, Lagana SM, Sepulveda AR, Hoebe K, Pan SS, Yang YG, Lentzsch S, Mapara MY. IFN-γR/STAT1 signaling in recipient hematopoietic antigen-presenting cells suppresses graft-versus-host disease. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:125986. [PMID: 36445781 PMCID: PMC9888368 DOI: 10.1172/jci125986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of IFN-γ receptor (IFN-γR) or STAT1 signaling in donor cells has been shown to result in reduced induction of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In this study, we unexpectedly observed increased activation and expansion of donor lymphocytes in both lymphohematopoietic organs and GVHD target tissues of IFN-γR/STAT1-deficient recipient mice, leading to rapid mortality following the induction of GVHD. LPS-matured, BM-derived Ifngr1-/- Stat1-/- DCs (BMDCs) were more potent allogeneic stimulators and expressed increased levels of MHC II and costimulatory molecules. Similar effects were observed in human antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with knockdown of Stat1 by CRISPR/Cas9 and treatment with a JAK1/2 inhibitor. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the absence of IFN-γR/STAT1 signaling in hematopoietic APCs impaired the presentation of exogenous antigens, while promoting the presentation of endogenous antigens. Thus, the indirect presentation of host antigens to donor lymphocytes was defective in IFN-γR/STAT1-deficient, donor-derived APCs in fully donor chimeric mice. The differential effects of IFN-γR/STAT1 signaling on endogenous and exogenous antigen presentation could provide further insight into the roles of the IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of GVHD, organ rejection, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caisheng Lu
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology and
| | - Huihui Ma
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology and
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology and
| | - Lily Wang
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology and
| | - Shirong Li
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephen M. Lagana
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Antonia R. Sepulveda
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Kasper Hoebe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samuel S. Pan
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Suzanne Lentzsch
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Markus Y. Mapara
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology and,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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15
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Duesman SJ, Ortega-Francisco S, Olguin-Alor R, Acevedo-Dominguez NA, Sestero CM, Chellappan R, De Sarno P, Yusuf N, Salgado-Lopez A, Segundo-Liberato M, de Oca-Lagunas SM, Raman C, Soldevila G. Transforming growth factor receptor III (Betaglycan) regulates the generation of pathogenic Th17 cells in EAE. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1088039. [PMID: 36855628 PMCID: PMC9968395 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1088039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor receptor III (TβRIII) is commonly recognized as a co-receptor that promotes the binding of TGFβ family ligands to type I and type II receptors. Within the immune system, TβRIII regulates T cell development in the thymus and is differentially expressed through activation; however, its function in mature T cells is unclear. To begin addressing this question, we developed a conditional knock-out mouse with restricted TβRIII deletion in mature T cells, necessary because genomic deletion of TβRIII results in perinatal mortality. We determined that TβRIII null mice developed more severe autoimmune central nervous neuroinflammatory disease after immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte peptide (MOG35-55) than wild-type littermates. The increase in disease severity in TβRIII null mice was associated with expanded numbers of CNS infiltrating IFNγ+ CD4+ T cells and cells that co-express both IFNγ and IL-17 (IFNγ+/IL-17+), but not IL-17 alone expressing CD4 T cells compared to Tgfbr3fl/fl wild-type controls. This led us to speculate that TβRIII may be involved in regulating conversion of encephalitogenic Th17 to Th1. To directly address this, we generated encephalitogenic Th17 and Th1 cells from wild type and TβRIII null mice for passive transfer of EAE into naïve mice. Remarkably, Th17 encephalitogenic T cells from TβRIII null induced EAE of much greater severity and earlier in onset than those from wild-type mice. The severity of EAE induced by encephalitogenic wild-type and Tgfbr3fl/fl.dLcKCre Th1 cells were similar. Moreover, in vitro restimulation of in vivo primed Tgfbr3fl/fl.dLcKCre T cells, under Th17 but not Th1 polarizing conditions, resulted in a significant increase of IFNγ+ T cells. Altogether, our data indicate that TβRIII is a coreceptor that functions as a key checkpoint in controlling the pathogenicity of autoreactive T cells in neuroinflammation probably through regulating plasticity of Th17 T cells into pathogenic Th1 cells. Importantly, this is the first demonstration that TβRIII has an intrinsic role in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Duesman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sandra Ortega-Francisco
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.,National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana Olguin-Alor
- National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Naray A Acevedo-Dominguez
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Christine M Sestero
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Montevallo, Montevello, AL, United States
| | - Rajeshwari Chellappan
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Patrizia De Sarno
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Adrian Salgado-Lopez
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marisol Segundo-Liberato
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.,National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Selina Montes de Oca-Lagunas
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Gloria Soldevila
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.,National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Keeler GD, Gaddie CD, Sagadevan AS, Senior KG, Côté I, Rechdan M, Min D, Mahan D, Poma B, Hoffman BE. Induction of antigen-specific tolerance by hepatic AAV immunotherapy regardless of T cell epitope usage or mouse strain background. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 28:177-189. [PMID: 36700122 PMCID: PMC9849872 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In vivo induction of antigen (Ag)-specific regulatory T cells (Treg) is considered the holy grail of therapeutic strategies for restoring tolerance in autoimmunity. Unfortunately, in the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis, an effective and durable therapy targeting the diverse repertoire of emerging Ags without compromising the patient's natural immunity has remained elusive. To address this deficiency, we have developed an Ag-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV) immunotherapy that will restore tolerance in a Treg-dependent manner. Using multiple strains of mice with different genetic and immunological backgrounds, we demonstrate that a liver directed AAV vector expressing a single transgene can prevent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis from developing and effectively mitigate pre-existing or established disease that was induced by one or more auto-reactive myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-derived peptides. Overall, the results suggests that AAV can efficiently restore Ag-specific immune tolerance to an immunogenic protein that is neither restricted by the major histocompatibility complex haplotype, nor by the specific antigenic epitope(s) presented. These findings may pave the way for developing a comprehensive Ag-specific immunotherapy that does not require prior knowledge of the specific immunogenic epitopes and that may prove to be universally applicable to all MS patients, and adaptable for other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey D. Keeler
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Cristina D. Gaddie
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Addelynn S. Sagadevan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kevin G. Senior
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Isabelle Côté
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Michaela Rechdan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Daniel Min
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - David Mahan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Bianca Poma
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brad E. Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA,Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA,Corresponding author: Brad E. Hoffman, PhD, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road Office-207, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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17
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Paroli M, Caccavale R, Fiorillo MT, Spadea L, Gumina S, Candela V, Paroli MP. The Double Game Played by Th17 Cells in Infection: Host Defense and Immunopathology. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121547. [PMID: 36558881 PMCID: PMC9781511 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
T-helper 17 (Th17) cells represent a subpopulation of CD4+ T lymphocytes that play an essential role in defense against pathogens. Th17 cells are distinguished from Th1 and Th2 cells by their ability to produce members of the interleukin-17 (IL-17) family, namely IL-17A and IL-17F. IL-17 in turn induces several target cells to synthesize and release cytokines, chemokines, and metalloproteinases, thereby amplifying the inflammatory cascade. Th17 cells reside predominantly in the lamina propria of the mucosa. Their main physiological function is to maintain the integrity of the mucosal barrier against the aggression of infectious agents. However, in an appropriate inflammatory microenvironment, Th17 cells can transform into immunopathogenic cells, giving rise to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review aims to analyze the complex mechanisms through which the interaction between Th17 and pathogens can be on the one hand favorable to the host by protecting it from infectious agents, and on the other hand harmful, potentially generating autoimmune reactions and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Paroli
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Rosalba Caccavale
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Spadea
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Gumina
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Legal Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Candela
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Legal Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Paroli
- Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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18
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Treatment with an antigen-specific dual microparticle system reverses advanced multiple sclerosis in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205417119. [PMID: 36256820 PMCID: PMC9618088 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205417119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen-specific therapies hold promise for treating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis while avoiding the deleterious side effects of systemic immune suppression due to delivering the disease-specific antigen as part of the treatment. In this study, an antigen-specific dual-sized microparticle (dMP) treatment reversed hind limb paralysis when administered in mice with advanced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Treatment reduced central nervous system (CNS) immune cell infiltration, demyelination, and inflammatory cytokine levels. Mechanistic insights using single-cell RNA sequencing showed that treatment impacted the MHC II antigen presentation pathway in dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, and microglia, not only in the draining lymph nodes but also strikingly in the spinal cord. CD74 and cathepsin S were among the common genes down-regulated in most antigen presenting cell (APC) clusters, with B cells also having numerous MHC II genes reduced. Efficacy of the treatment diminished when B cells were absent, suggesting their impact in this therapy, in concert with other immune populations. Activation and inflammation were reduced in both APCs and T cells. This promising antigen-specific therapeutic approach advantageously engaged essential components of both innate and adaptive autoimmune responses and capably reversed paralysis in advanced EAE without the use of a broad immunosuppressant.
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19
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Abstract
Inflammation is a biological process that dynamically alters the surrounding microenvironment, including participating immune cells. As a well-protected organ surrounded by specialized barriers and with immune privilege properties, the central nervous system (CNS) tightly regulates immune responses. Yet in neuroinflammatory conditions, pathogenic immunity can disrupt CNS structure and function. T cells in particular play a key role in promoting and restricting neuroinflammatory responses, while the inflamed CNS microenvironment can influence and reshape T cell function and identity. Still, the contraction of aberrant T cell responses within the CNS is not well understood. Using autoimmunity as a model, here we address the contribution of CD4 T helper (Th) cell subsets in promoting neuropathology and disease. To address the mechanisms antagonizing neuroinflammation, we focus on the control of the immune response by regulatory T cells (Tregs) and describe the counteracting processes that preserve their identity under inflammatory challenges. Finally, given the influence of the local microenvironment on immune regulation, we address how CNS-intrinsic signals reshape T cell function to mitigate abnormal immune T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail Benallegue
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Hania Kebir
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Jorge I. Alvarez
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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20
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Ahmad SF, Nadeem A, Ansari MA, Bakheet SA, Shahid M, Al-Mazroua HA, As Sobeai HM, Alasmari AF, Alanazi MM, Alhamed AS, Aldossari AA, Attia SM. CC chemokine receptor 5 antagonist alleviates inflammation by regulating IFN-γ/IL-10 and STAT4/Smad3 signaling in a mouse model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Cell Immunol 2022; 379:104580. [PMID: 35872534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immunopathological disease that causes demyelination and recurrent episodes of T cell-mediated immune attack in the central nervous system. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-established mouse model of MS. The roles of T cells in MS/EAE have been well investigated, but little is known about the role of CCR5+ cells. In the present study, we investigated whether treatment with DAPTA, a selective CCR5 antagonist, could modulate the progression of EAE in the SJL/J mice. EAE mice were treated with DAPTA (0.01 mg/kg) intraperitoneally daily from day 14 to day 42, and the clinical scores were evaluated. We further investigated the effects of DAPTA on IFN-γ-, TGF-β-, IL-10-, IL-17A-, IL-22-, T-bet, STAT4-, RORγT-, AhR-, Smad3-, and Foxp3-expressing CCR5+ spleen cells using flow cytometry analysis. We further explored the effects of DAPTA on mRNA/protein expression of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-22, TGF-β, T-bet, STAT4, RORγT, AhR, Foxp3, and NF-H in the brain tissue. The severity of clinical scores decreased in DAPTA-treated EAE mice as compared to that in the EAE control mice. Moreover, the percentage of CCR5+IFN-γ+, CCR5+T-bet+, CCR5+STAT4+, CCR5+IL-17A+, CCR5+RORγt+, CCR5+IL-22+, and CCR5+AhR+ cells decreased while CCR5+TGF-β+, CCR5+IL-10+, CCR5+Smad3+, and CCR5+Foxp3+ increased in DAPTA-treated EAE mice. Furthermore, DAPTA treatment significantly mitigated the EAE-induced expression of T-bet, STAT4, IL-17A, RORγT, IL-22, and AhR but upregulated Foxp3, IL-10, and NF-H expression in the brain tissue. Taken together, our data demonstrated that DAPTA could ameliorate EAE progression through the downregulation of the inflammation-related cytokines and transcription factors signaling, which may be useful for the clinical therapy of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassar Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen A Al-Mazroua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Homood M As Sobeai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alhamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Yang C, Blaize G, Marrocco R, Rouquié N, Bories C, Gador M, Mélique S, Joulia E, Benamar M, Dejean AS, Daniels-Treffandier H, Love PE, Fazilleau N, Saoudi A, Lesourne R. THEMIS enhances the magnitude of normal and neuroinflammatory type 1 immune responses by promoting TCR-independent signals. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabl5343. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abl5343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Signals that determine the differentiation of naïve CD4
+
T helper (T
H
) cells into specific effector cell subsets are primarily stimulated by cytokines, but additional signals are required to adjust the magnitude of T
H
cell responses and set the balance between effective immunity and immunological tolerance. By inducing the post-thymic deletion of the T cell lineage signaling protein THEMIS, we showed that THEMIS promoted the development of optimal type 1 immune responses to foreign antigens but stimulated signals that favored encephalitogenic responses to self-neuroantigens. THEMIS was required to stimulate the expression of the gene encoding the transcriptional regulator T-BET and the production of the cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and it enhanced the ability of encephalitogenic CD4
+
T cells to migrate into the central nervous system. Consistently, analysis of THEMIS expression in polarized CD4
+
T cells showed that THEMIS was selectively increased in abundance in T
H
1 cells. The stimulation of predifferentiated effector CD4
+
T cells with antigen-presenting cells revealed a stimulatory function for THEMIS on type 1 cytokine responses, similar to those observed ex vivo after immunization. In contrast, THEMIS exerted opposing effects on naïve CD4
+
T cells in vitro by inhibiting the T cell receptor (TCR)–mediated signals that lead to T
H
1 cell responses. These data suggest that THEMIS exerts TCR-independent functions in effector T cells, which increase the magnitude of normal and pathogenic T
H
1 cell–mediated responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Yang
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Gaëtan Blaize
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Marrocco
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Nelly Rouquié
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Cyrielle Bories
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Mylène Gador
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Suzanne Mélique
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Joulia
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Mehdi Benamar
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne S. Dejean
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Daniels-Treffandier
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Paul E. Love
- Section on Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicolas Fazilleau
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Renaud Lesourne
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France
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22
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Liu Z, Niu X, Wang J. Naringenin as a natural immunomodulator against T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases: literature review and network-based pharmacology study. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:11026-11043. [PMID: 35776085 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2092054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
T cells, especially CD4+ T helper (Th) cells, play a vital role in the pathogenesis of specific autoimmune diseases. Naringenin, a citrus flavonoid, exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and antitumor properties, which have been verified in animal autoimmune disease models. However, naringenin's possible effects and molecular mechanisms in T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases are unclear. This review summarizes the findings of previous studies and predicts the target of naringenin in T cell-mediated autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis through network pharmacology analysis. We performed DAVID enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction analysis, and molecular docking to predict the positive effect of naringenin on T cell-mediated autoimmune disorders. Sixteen common genes were screened, among which the core genes were PTGS2, ESR1, CAT, CASP3, MAPK1, and AKT1. The possible molecular mechanism relates to HIF-1, estrogen, TNF, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our findings have significance for future naringenin treatment of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejin Liu
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xinli Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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23
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Arbelaez CA, Palle P, Charaix J, Bettelli E. STAT1 signaling protects self-reactive T cells from control by innate cells during neuroinflammation. JCI Insight 2022; 7:148222. [PMID: 35587373 PMCID: PMC9309063 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor STAT1 plays a critical role in modulating the differentiation of CD4+ T cells producing IL-17 and GM-CSF, which promote the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). The protective role of STAT1 in MS and EAE has been largely attributed to its ability to limit pathogenic Th cells and promote Tregs. Using mice with selective deletion of STAT1 in T cells (STAT1CD4-Cre), we identified a potentially novel mechanism by which STAT1 regulates neuroinflammation independently of Foxp3+ Tregs. STAT1-deficient effector T cells became the target of NK cell–mediated killing, limiting their capacity to induce EAE. STAT1-deficient T cells promoted their own killing by producing more IL-2 that, in return, activated NK cells. Elimination of NK cells restored EAE susceptibility in STAT1CD4-Cre mice. Therefore, our study suggests that the STAT1 pathway can be manipulated to limit autoreactive T cells during autoimmunity directed against the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Arbelaez
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Pushpalatha Palle
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Charaix
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Estelle Bettelli
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, United States of America
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24
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Jhala G, Krishnamurthy B, Brodnicki TC, Ge T, Akazawa S, Selck C, Trivedi PM, Pappas EG, Mackin L, Principe N, Brémaud E, De George DJ, Boon L, Smyth I, Chee J, Kay TWH, Thomas HE. Interferons limit autoantigen-specific CD8 + T-cell expansion in the non-obese diabetic mouse. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110747. [PMID: 35476975 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in autoimmune diseases. However, deficiency or neutralization of IFNγ is ineffective in reducing disease. We characterize islet antigen-specific T cells in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice lacking all three IFN receptor genes. Diabetes is minimally affected, but at 125 days of age, antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, quantified using major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers, are present in 10-fold greater numbers in Ifngr-mutant NOD mice. T cells from Ifngr-mutant mice have increased proliferative responses to interleukin-2 (IL-2). They also have reduced phosphorylated STAT1 and its target gene, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1). IFNγ controls the expansion of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells by mechanisms which include increased SOCS-1 expression that regulates IL-2 signaling. The expanded CD8+ T cells are likely to contribute to normal diabetes progression despite reduced inflammation in Ifngr-mutant mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurang Jhala
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Thomas C Brodnicki
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tingting Ge
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Satoru Akazawa
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Claudia Selck
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Prerak M Trivedi
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Evan G Pappas
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Leanne Mackin
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Nicola Principe
- National Centre of Asbestos-Related Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Health, School of Biomedical Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Erwan Brémaud
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - David J De George
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Louis Boon
- Polpharma Biologics, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Smyth
- Australian Phenomics Network, Monash Genome Modification Platform, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Development and Stem Cells Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jonathan Chee
- National Centre of Asbestos-Related Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Health, School of Biomedical Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Thomas W H Kay
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
| | - Helen E Thomas
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
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25
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Guo H, Ju Y, Choi M, Edman MC, Louie SG, Hamm-Alvarez SF, MacKay JA. Supra-lacrimal protein-based carriers for cyclosporine A reduce Th17-mediated autoimmunity in murine model of Sjögren's syndrome. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121441. [PMID: 35306230 PMCID: PMC8982551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with principal symptoms including inflammation and loss of function of lacrimal glands (LG) and salivary glands. While glandular infiltrates includes both B- and T-cells, CD4+ T cells are strongly implicated. Utilizing the male non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of SS, this work: 1) identifies clinically-relevant elevations in cytokines (IL-17A, IL-2) in LG-derived CD4+ T cells; and 2) explores tissue-specific immunosuppression of SS using a novel protein-based drug carrier to concentrate cyclosporine A (CsA) directly in the LG. As a potent immunosuppressant, topical ophthalmic CsA is approved for dry eye disorders; however, it cannot effectively resolve inflammation due to limited accumulation in the LG. Systemic CsA has dose-limiting side effects that also limit its ability to block LG inflammation. Using elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) fused genetically to cyclophilin, the intracellular cognate receptor of CsA, this manuscript reports a sustained-release formulation of CsA that maintains therapeutic drug concentrations in the LG and extends intervals between doses. This formulation blocked both in vitro Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17A secretion. In vivo treatment significantly decreased the abundance of Th17.1 cells, a helper cell population sharing phenotypes of both Th17 and Th1, in the LG of diseased NOD mice. Treatment with even a single dose of the sustained-release formulation was effective enough to improve basal levels of tear production. Thus, this sustained-release formulation suppressed local LG inflammation driven through IL-17 dependent pathways, while improving ocular surface function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States.
| | - Yaping Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo St., Room 4900, Mail Code 6103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States.
| | - Minchang Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States.
| | - Maria C Edman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo St., Room 4900, Mail Code 6103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States.
| | - Stan G Louie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States.
| | - Sarah F Hamm-Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo St., Room 4900, Mail Code 6103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States.
| | - J Andrew MacKay
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo St., Room 4900, Mail Code 6103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States.
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26
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Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Alshammari MA, Attia SM, Bakheet SA, Khan MR, Albekairi TH, Alasmari AF, Alhosaini K, Alqahtani F, Al-Mazroua HA, Ahmad SF. Cathepsin B inhibitor alleviates Th1, Th17, and Th22 transcription factor signaling dysregulation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Exp Neurol 2022; 351:113997. [PMID: 35122866 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.113997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory infiltration in association with demyelination in the central nervous system. Among the factors involved in the immunological mechanisms of MS, Th1, Th17, and Th22 cells play a critical role. In the present study, we investigated the role of CA-074, a potent Cathepsin B inhibitor, in MS progression, using the SJL/J mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Following induction of EAE, mice were administered CA-074 (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally each day, beginning on day 14 and continuing until day 28, and were evaluated for clinical signs. We further investigated the effect of CA-074 on Th1 (T-bet/STAT4), Th17 (IL-17A/RORγT), Th22 (TNF-α/IL-22), and regulatory T (Treg/Foxp3) cells in the spleen, using flow cytometry. We also analyzed the effect of CA-074 on T-bet, IL-17A, RORγT, IL-22, and mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR and western blot analysis for brain tissues. Cathepsin B expression were also assessed by western blot in the brain tissues. The severity of clinical scores decreased significantly in CA-074-treated mice compared with that in EAE control mice. Moreover, the percentage of CD4+T-bet+, CXCR5+T-bet+, CD4+STAT4+, CD4+IL-17A+, CXCR5+IL-17A+, CD4+RORγT+, CCR6+RORγT+, CD4+TNF-α+, CD4+IL-22+, and CCR6+IL-22+ cells decreased while CD25+Foxp3+ increased in CA-074-treated EAE mice as compared to vehicle-treated EAE mice. Further, CA-074-treated EAE mice had downregulated Cathepsin B protein expression which was associated with decreased T-bet, IL-17A, RORγT, and IL-22 mRNA/protein expression. These results suggest that Cathepsin B could be a novel therapeutic candidate against for the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaad A Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad R Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Alhosaini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen A Al-Mazroua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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White AA, Lin A, Bickendorf X, Cavve BS, Moore JK, Siafarikas A, Strickland DH, Leffler J. Potential immunological effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy in transgender people - an unexplored area of research. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2022; 13:20420188221139612. [PMID: 36533187 PMCID: PMC9747891 DOI: 10.1177/20420188221139612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There are well-described sex-based differences in how the immune system operates. In particular, cisgender (cis) females have a more easily activated immune system; associated with an increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases and adverse events following vaccinations. Conversely, cis males have a higher threshold for immune activation, and are more prone to certain infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Oestrogen and testosterone have immune-modulatory properties, and it is likely that these contribute to the sexual dimorphism of the immune system. There are also important immune-related genes located on the X chromosome, such as toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8; and the mosaic bi-allelic expression of such genes may contribute to the state of immune hyperactivation in cis females. The scientific literature strongly suggests that sex-based differences in the functioning of the immune system are related to both X-linked genes and immune modulation by sex hormones. However, it is currently not clear how this impacts transgender (trans) people receiving gender-affirming hormonal therapy. Moreover, it is estimated that in Australia, at least 2.3% of adolescents identify as trans and/or gender diverse, and referrals to specialist gender-affirming care are increasing each year. Despite the improving social awareness of trans people, they remain chronically underrepresented in the scientific literature. In addition, a small number of case studies describe new onset autoimmune disorders in adult trans females following oestrogen use. However, there is currently minimal long-term research with an immunological focus on trans people. Therefore, to ensure the positive health outcomes of trans people, it is crucial that the role of sex hormones in immune modulation is investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A. White
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Lin
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Xander Bickendorf
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
- Gender Diversity Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Blake S. Cavve
- Gender Diversity Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Julia K. Moore
- Gender Diversity Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Aris Siafarikas
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Gender Diversity Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Paediatrics, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Mahmoudi M, Rastin M, Kazemi Arababadi M, Anaeigoudari A, Nosratabadi R. Enhancing the efficacy of Hypericum perforatum in the treatment of an experimental model of multiple sclerosis using gold nanoparticles: an in vivo study. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2022; 12:325-336. [PMID: 36186934 PMCID: PMC9482707 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2022.19574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective Hypericum perforatum is a herbal medicine used in traditional medicine for the treatment of depression due to its antidepressant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of H. perforatum extract (HPE) in combination with gold nanoparticles (HPE-GNP) against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice with subcutaneous injection of MOG35-55 emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant, and intraperitoneal pertussis toxin. Mice were treated with drugs in free (HPE) and nano-form (HPE-GNP) preparations. Splenocytes were isolated from all mice and the level of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. The expression of T cells' transcription factors was also assessed using Real-Time PCR. Results Clinical score was reduced after HPE-GNP treatment. This change was associated with a decrease in the incidence and infiltration of inflammatory cells into the central nervous system. Additionally, treatment with HPE-GNP decreased the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17A and IL-6) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β, IL-10 and IL-4). The real-time analysis revealed a decrease in the level of T-bet and ROR-γt but an increase in FoxP3 and GATA3 expression. Conclusion The current study demonstrated that HPE-GNP could potentially reduce clinical and pathological complications of EAE, but laboratory data showed that HPE-GNP was significantly more effective than HPE in the treatment of EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Rastin
- Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran,Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Akbar Anaeigoudari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Reza Nosratabadi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +98-9137317876, Fax: +03433257660,
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Coordination of Mucosal Immunity by Innate Lymphoid Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1365:113-134. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8387-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Prado C, Osorio-Barrios F, Falcón P, Espinoza A, Saez JJ, Yuseff MI, Pacheco R. Dopaminergic stimulation leads B-cell infiltration into the central nervous system upon autoimmunity. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:292. [PMID: 34920747 PMCID: PMC8680379 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence has shown dopamine as a major regulator of inflammation. Accordingly, dopaminergic regulation of immune cells plays an important role in the physiopathology of inflammatory disorders. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease involving a CD4+ T-cell-driven autoimmune response to central nervous system (CNS) derived antigens. Evidence from animal models has suggested that B cells play a fundamental role as antigen-presenting cells (APC) re-stimulating CD4+ T cells in the CNS as well as regulating T-cell response by mean of inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we addressed the role of the dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3), which displays the highest affinity for dopamine, in B cells in animal models of MS. METHODS Mice harbouring Drd3-deficient or Drd3-sufficient B cells were generated by bone marrow transplantation into recipient mice devoid of B cells. In these mice, we compared the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by immunization with a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-derived peptide (pMOG), a model that leads to CNS-autoimmunity irrespective of the APC-function of B cells, or by immunization with full-length human MOG protein (huMOG), a model in which antigen-specific activated B cells display a fundamental APC-function in the CNS. APC-function was assessed in vitro by pulsing B cells with huMOG-coated beads and then co-culturing with MOG-specific T cells. RESULTS Our data show that the selective Drd3 deficiency in B cells abolishes the disease development in the huMOG-induced EAE model. Mechanistic analysis indicates that although DRD3-signalling did not affect the APC-function of B cells, DRD3 favours the CNS-tropism in a subset of pro-inflammatory B cells in the huMOG-induced EAE model, an effect that was associated with higher CXCR3 expression. Conversely, the results show that the selective Drd3 deficiency in B cells exacerbates the disease severity in the pMOG-induced EAE model. Further analysis shows that DRD3-stimulation increased the expression of the CNS-homing molecule CD49d in a B-cell subset with anti-inflammatory features, thus attenuating EAE manifestation in the pMOG-induced EAE model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that DRD3 in B cells exerts a dual role in CNS-autoimmunity, favouring CNS-tropism of pro-inflammatory B cells with APC-function and promoting CNS-homing of B cells with anti-inflammatory features. Thus, these results show DRD3-signalling in B cells as a critical regulator of CNS-autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Prado
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510156, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Osorio-Barrios
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Falcón
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexandra Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan José Saez
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Isabel Yuseff
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile. .,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510156, Santiago, Chile.
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Mohanty SK, Donnelly B, Temple H, Bondoc A, McNeal M, Tiao G. T-Bet Deficiency Attenuates Bile Duct Injury in Experimental Biliary Atresia. Cells 2021; 10:3461. [PMID: 34943969 PMCID: PMC8700492 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary atresia (BA) is an obstructive neonatal cholangiopathy leading to liver cirrhosis and end stage liver disease. A Kasai portoenterostomy may restore biliary drainage, but most patients ultimately require liver transplantation for survival. At diagnosis, immune cells within the liver of patients with BA demonstrate a T-helper 1 (Th1) inflammatory profile similar to rhesus rotavirus (RRV)-infected mice livers developing BA. The transcription factor Tbx21 (T-bet) is essential for induction of a Th1 immune response in both the adaptive and innate immune system. Here we used animals with targeted deletion of the T-bet gene to determine its role in the progression of BA. Infection of newborn T-bet knockout (KO) pups with RRV resulted in a decreased Th1 inflammatory chemokine/cytokine profile when compared to infected wild-type mice. Analysis of the mononuclear cells profile from T-bet KO mice revealed both a significant decrease in the total number of CD3, CD4, and CD8 T cells and their effector molecules granzyme A, perforin, and FasL. Even though the percentage of T-bet KO mice displaying symptoms of an obstructive cholangiopathy and overall mortality rate was not different compared to wild-type mice, the extrahepatic bile ducts of T-bet KO mice remained patent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit K. Mohanty
- Endemic Poultry Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, United States National Poultry Research Center, USDA/ARS, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
| | - Bryan Donnelly
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.D.); (H.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Haley Temple
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.D.); (H.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexander Bondoc
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.D.); (H.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Monica McNeal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Greg Tiao
- Department of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.D.); (H.T.); (A.B.)
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Huang C, Bi J. Expression Regulation and Function of T-Bet in NK Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:761920. [PMID: 34675939 PMCID: PMC8524037 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.761920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate lymphocytes that play an important role in immune surveillance. The development, maturation and effector functions of NK cells are orchestrated by the T-box transcription factor T-bet, whose expression is induced by cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-15 and IL-21 through the respective cytokine receptors and downstream JAK/STATs or PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 signaling pathways. In this review, we aim to discuss the expression and regulation of T-bet in NK cells, the role of T-bet in mouse NK cell development, maturation, and function, as well as the role of T-bet in acute, chronic infection, inflammation, autoimmune diseases and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiacheng Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Escobar G, Mangani D, Anderson AC. T cell factor 1: A master regulator of the T cell response in disease. Sci Immunol 2021; 5:5/53/eabb9726. [PMID: 33158974 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb9726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances have redefined a role for T cell factor 1 (TCF1) that goes beyond T cell development and T memory formation and encompasses new functions in the regulation of T cell biology. Here, we discuss the multifaceted and context-dependent role of TCF1 in peripheral T cells, particularly during disease-induced inflammatory states such as autoimmunity, cancer, and chronic infections. Understanding how TCF1 fine-tunes peripheral T cell biology holds the potential to tailor improved immune-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Escobar
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Davide Mangani
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Seiringer P, Garzorz-Stark N, Eyerich K. T-Cell‒Mediated Autoimmunity: Mechanisms and Future Directions. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:804-810. [PMID: 34538423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
T cells are key drivers of autoimmunity in numerous noncommunicable inflammatory skin diseases by directly harming host tissue or through helping B cells in producing autoantibodies. Technological advances have contributed to identifying autoantigens, the Holy Grail of autoimmunity, in many inflammatory disorders of the skin. Novel therapeutic approaches such as chimeric (auto)antibody receptor T cells are a milestone on the way to finding individualized, well-tolerated, targeted therapies. This review summarizes the current knowledge on pathogenesis, immune response pattern‒related ontology, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options of autoimmune skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Seiringer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Helmholtz Center and Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Natalie Garzorz-Stark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for molecular medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for molecular medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Chen L, Zhang M, Liang C. Chronic Prostatitis and Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Another Autoimmune Disease? Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:24. [PMID: 34523016 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), characterized by chronic pain in the perineum or lower abdomen regions, is a frequent disorder in men. Previous studies demonstrated that the immune mediators, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and immunoglobulins, are elevated in the expressed prostate secretions and seminal fluid of CP/CPPS men. The memory T, T helper 1 (Th1), Th17, and Th22 cells increase in the peripheral blood of CP/CPPS men. Additionally, prostate antigens specific-autoreactive T cells are identified in CP/CPPS patients. After generally reviewing and comparing the inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases and CP/CPPS, we presumed that CP/CPPS is more likely to be defined as an autoimmune disease. Thus, a better understanding of autoimmune diseases would contribute to a deeper understanding of the CP/CPPS and provide new inspirations for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
- The Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
- The Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
- The Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
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Sviridova A, Rogovskii V, Kudrin V, Pashenkov M, Boyko A, Melnikov M. The role of 5-HT 2B-receptors in fluoxetine-mediated modulation of Th17- and Th1-cells in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 356:577608. [PMID: 34000471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, which also has an immunomodulatory effect. We investigated the effects of fluoxetine and serotonin (5-HT) on the pro-inflammatory Th17- and Th1-cells in 30 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 20 healthy subjects. Fluoxetine and 5-HT suppressed IL-17, IFN-γ and GM-CSF production by stimulated СD4+ T-cells in both groups. Blockade of 5-HT2B-receptors decreased the inhibitory effect of fluoxetine on cytokine production in MS patients. Finally, 5-HT2B-receptor activation inhibits IL-17, IFN-γ and GM-CSF production in both groups. These data suggest an anti-inflammatory role for fluoxetine in MS, which could be mediated by the activation of 5-HT2B-receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Sviridova
- Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Department of Neuroimmunology, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Rogovskii
- Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Department of Neuroimmunology, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Kudrin
- V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neurochemical Pharmacology Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Pashenkov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Boyko
- Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Department of Neuroimmunology, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Melnikov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia; National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Moscow, Russia.
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Paiva IA, Badolato-Corrêa J, Familiar-Macedo D, de-Oliveira-Pinto LM. Th17 Cells in Viral Infections-Friend or Foe? Cells 2021; 10:cells10051159. [PMID: 34064728 PMCID: PMC8151546 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells are recognized as indispensable in inducing protective immunity against bacteria and fungi, as they promote the integrity of mucosal epithelial barriers. It is believed that Th17 cells also play a central role in the induction of autoimmune diseases. Recent advances have evaluated Th17 effector functions during viral infections, including their critical role in the production and induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and in the recruitment and activation of other immune cells. Thus, Th17 is involved in the induction both of pathogenicity and immunoprotective mechanisms seen in the host's immune response against viruses. However, certain Th17 cells can also modulate immune responses, since they can secrete immunosuppressive factors, such as IL-10; these cells are called non-pathogenic Th17 cells. Here, we present a brief review of Th17 cells and highlight their involvement in some virus infections. We cover these notions by highlighting the role of Th17 cells in regulating the protective and pathogenic immune response in the context of viral infections. In addition, we will be describing myocarditis and multiple sclerosis as examples of immune diseases triggered by viral infections, in which we will discuss further the roles of Th17 cells in the induction of tissue damage.
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Haase S, Linker RA. Inflammation in multiple sclerosis. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2021; 14:17562864211007687. [PMID: 33948118 PMCID: PMC8053832 DOI: 10.1177/17562864211007687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is characterised pathologically by demyelination, gliosis, neuro-axonal damage and inflammation. Despite intense research, the underlying pathomechanisms driving inflammatory demyelination in MS still remain incompletely understood. It is thought to be caused by an autoimmune response towards CNS self-antigens in genetically susceptible individuals, assuming autoreactive T cells as disease-initiating immune cells. Yet, B cells were recognized as crucial immune cells in disease pathology, including antibody-dependent and independent effects. Moreover, myeloid cells are important contributors to MS pathology, and it is becoming increasingly evident that different cell types act in concert during MS immunopathology. This is supported by the finding that the beneficial effects of actual existing disease-modifying therapies cannot be attributed to one single immune cell-type, but rather involve immunological cooperation. The current strategy of MS therapies thus aims to shift the immune cell repertoire from a pro-inflammatory towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype, involving regulatory T and B cells and anti-inflammatory macrophages. Although no existing therapy actually exists that directly induces an enhanced regulatory immune cell pool, numerous studies identified potential net effects on these cell types. This review gives a conceptual overview on T cells, B cells and myeloid cells in the immunopathology of relapsing-remitting MS and discusses potential contributions of actual disease-modifying therapies on these immune cell phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Haase
- Neuroimmunologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinik Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee, Regensburg, 93053, Germany
| | - Ralf A Linker
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Liu H, Cui Y, Bai Y, Fang Y, Gao T, Wang G, Zhu L, Dong Q, Zhang S, Yao Y, Song C, Niu X, Jin Y, Li P, Cao C, Liu X. The tyrosine kinase c-Abl potentiates interferon-mediated antiviral immunity by STAT1 phosphorylation. iScience 2021; 24:102078. [PMID: 33644712 PMCID: PMC7887405 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-induced activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family is an important event in antiviral immunity. Here, we show that the nonreceptor kinases c-Abl and Arg directly interact with STAT1 and potentiate the phosphorylation of STAT1 on Y701. c-Abl/Arg could mediate STAT1 phosphorylation independent of Janus kinases in the absence of IFNγ and potentiate IFNγ-mediated STAT1 phosphorylation. Moreover, STAT1 dimerization, nuclear translocation, and downstream gene transcription are regulated by c-Abl/Arg. c-Abl/Arg (abl1/abl2) deficiency significantly suppresses antiviral responses in vesicular stomatitis virus-infected cells. Compared to vehicle, administration of the c-Abl/Arg selective inhibitor AMN107 resulted in significantly increased mortality in mice infected with human influenza virus. Our study demonstrates that c-Abl plays an essential role in the STAT1 activation signaling pathway and provides an important approach for antiviral immunity regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China.,Staidson Bio-pharmaceutics (Beijing) Co. Ltd, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yi Fang
- The Fifth MedicaI Centre, Chinese PLA GeneraI HospitaI, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Guangfei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Qincai Dong
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Caiwei Song
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | | | - Yanwen Jin
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
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40
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Pignataro G, Cataldi M, Taglialatela M. Neurological risks and benefits of cytokine-based treatments in coronavirus disease 2019: from preclinical to clinical evidence. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2149-2174. [PMID: 33512003 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunodeficiency and hyperinflammation are responsible for the most frequent and life-threatening forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, cytokine-based treatments targeting immuno-inflammatory mechanisms are currently undergoing clinical scrutiny in COVID-19-affected patients. In addition, COVID-19 patients also exhibit a wide range of neurological manifestations (neuro-COVID), which may also benefit from cytokine-based treatments. In fact, such drugs have shown some clinical efficacy also in neuroinflammatory diseases. On the other hand, anti-cytokine drugs are endowed with significant neurological risks, mainly attributable to their immunodepressant effects. Therefore, the aim of the present manuscript is to briefly describe the role of specific cytokines in neuroinflammation, to summarize the efficacy in preclinical models of neuroinflammatory diseases of drugs targeting these cytokines and to review the clinical data regarding the neurological effects of these drugs currently being investigated against COVID-19, in order to raise awareness about their potentially beneficial and/or detrimental neurological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pignataro
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Cataldi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Taglialatela
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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41
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Džafo E, Bianchi N, Monticelli S. Cell-intrinsic mechanisms to restrain inflammatory responses in T lymphocytes. Immunol Rev 2021; 300:181-193. [PMID: 33507562 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of the regulatory circuits that control the effector responses of memory T helper lymphocytes, and in particular their ability to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, may lead to effective therapeutic interventions in all immune-related diseases. Activation of T lymphocytes induces robust immune responses that in most cases lead to the complete eradication of invading pathogens or tumor cells. At the same time, however, such responses must be both highly controlled in magnitude and limited in time to avoid unnecessary damage. To achieve such sophisticated level of control, T lymphocytes have at their disposal an array of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that ensure the acquisition of a phenotype that is tailored to the incoming stimulus while restraining unwarranted activation, eventually leading to the resolution of the inflammatory response. Here, we will discuss some of these cell-intrinsic mechanisms that control T cell responses and involve transcription factors, microRNAs, and RNA-binding proteins. We will also explore how the same mechanisms can be involved both in anti-tumor responses and in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emina Džafo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Niccolò Bianchi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Monticelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Yang R, Mele F, Worley L, Langlais D, Rosain J, Benhsaien I, Elarabi H, Croft CA, Doisne JM, Zhang P, Weisshaar M, Jarrossay D, Latorre D, Shen Y, Han J, Ogishi M, Gruber C, Markle J, Al Ali F, Rahman M, Khan T, Seeleuthner Y, Kerner G, Husquin LT, Maclsaac JL, Jeljeli M, Errami A, Ailal F, Kobor MS, Oleaga-Quintas C, Roynard M, Bourgey M, El Baghdadi J, Boisson-Dupuis S, Puel A, Batteux F, Rozenberg F, Marr N, Pan-Hammarström Q, Bogunovic D, Quintana-Murci L, Carroll T, Ma CS, Abel L, Bousfiha A, Di Santo JP, Glimcher LH, Gros P, Tangye SG, Sallusto F, Bustamante J, Casanova JL. Human T-bet Governs Innate and Innate-like Adaptive IFN-γ Immunity against Mycobacteria. Cell 2020; 183:1826-1847.e31. [PMID: 33296702 PMCID: PMC7770098 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of human interferon gamma (IFN-γ) immunity underlie mycobacterial disease. We report a patient with mycobacterial disease due to inherited deficiency of the transcription factor T-bet. The patient has extremely low counts of circulating Mycobacterium-reactive natural killer (NK), invariant NKT (iNKT), mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT), and Vδ2+ γδ T lymphocytes, and of Mycobacterium-non reactive classic TH1 lymphocytes, with the residual populations of these cells also producing abnormally small amounts of IFN-γ. Other lymphocyte subsets develop normally but produce low levels of IFN-γ, with the exception of CD8+ αβ T and non-classic CD4+ αβ TH1∗ lymphocytes, which produce IFN-γ normally in response to mycobacterial antigens. Human T-bet deficiency thus underlies mycobacterial disease by preventing the development of innate (NK) and innate-like adaptive lymphocytes (iNKT, MAIT, and Vδ2+ γδ T cells) and IFN-γ production by them, with mycobacterium-specific, IFN-γ-producing, purely adaptive CD8+ αβ T, and CD4+ αβ TH1∗ cells unable to compensate for this deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Federico Mele
- Center of Medical Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Worley
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - David Langlais
- Department of Human Genetics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; McGill University Genome Center, McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ibithal Benhsaien
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco; Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, CHU Averroes, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Houda Elarabi
- Pediatrics Department, Hassan II Hospital, 80030 Dakhla, Morocco
| | - Carys A Croft
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Doisne
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Peng Zhang
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Weisshaar
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Jarrossay
- Center of Medical Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Latorre
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yichao Shen
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jing Han
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Conor Gruber
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Janet Markle
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Fatima Al Ali
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, PO 26999, Qatar
| | | | - Taushif Khan
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, PO 26999, Qatar
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Gaspard Kerner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lucas T Husquin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, CNRS UMR2000, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Julia L Maclsaac
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Mohamed Jeljeli
- University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Immunology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AH-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Abderrahmane Errami
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fatima Ailal
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco; Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, CHU Averroes, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Michael S Kobor
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Carmen Oleaga-Quintas
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Manon Roynard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- McGill University Genome Center, McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | | | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Fréderic Batteux
- University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Immunology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AH-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Virology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AH-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, PO 26999, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, PO 34110, Qatar
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, CNRS UMR2000, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; Chair of Human Genomics and Evolution, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Carroll
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Laurent Abel
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco; Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, CHU Averroes, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laurie H Glimcher
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philippe Gros
- McGill University Genome Center, McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Center of Medical Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Children Hospital, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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Naringenin attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by protecting the intact of blood-brain barrier and controlling inflammatory cell migration. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 89:108560. [PMID: 33249188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeting pathogenic immune cell trafficking poses an attractive opportunity to attenuate autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), are characterized by the immune cells-mediated demyelination and neurodegeneration of the central nervous system (CNS). Our previous study has proven that dietary naringenin ameliorates EAE clinical symptoms via reducing the CNS cell infiltration. The present study examined the beneficial effects of naringenin on maintaining the blood-brain barrier in EAE mice via dietary naringenin intervention. The results showed that naringenin-treated EAE mice had an intact blood-CNS barrier by increasing tight junction-associated factors and decreasing Evans Blue dye in the CNS. Naringenin decreased the accumulation and maturation of conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), CCL19, and CCR7 in the CNS. Also, naringenin blocked the chemotaxis and antigen-presenting function of cDCs that resulted in reducing T-cell secreting cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-6) in the spleen. Importantly, naringenin blocked pathogenic T cells infiltrated into the CNS and attenuates passive EAE. Therefore, by blocking chemokine-mediated migration of DCs and pathogenic T cells into the CNS, naringenin attenuates EAE pathogenesis and might be a potential candidate for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as MS and other chronic T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases.
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44
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Drescher HK, Bartsch LM, Weiskirchen S, Weiskirchen R. Intrahepatic T H17/T Reg Cells in Homeostasis and Disease-It's All About the Balance. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:588436. [PMID: 33123017 PMCID: PMC7566778 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.588436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Both acute and chronic hepatic inflammation likely result from an imbalance in the TH1/TH2 cell response and can lead to liver fibrosis and end-stage liver disease. More recently, a novel CD4+ T helper cell subset was described, characterized by the production of IL-17 and IL-22. These TH17 cells 50were predominantly implicated in host defense against infections and in autoimmune diseases. Interestingly, studies over the last 10 years revealed that the development of TH17 cells favors pro-inflammatory responses in almost all tissues and there is a reciprocal relationship between TH17 and TReg cells. The balance between TH17and TReg cells is critical for immune reactions, especially in injured liver tissue and the return to immune homeostasis. The pathogenic contribution of TH17 and TReg cells in autoimmunity, acute infection, and chronic liver injury is diverse and varies among disease etiologies. Understanding the mechanisms underlying TH17 cell development, recruitment, and maintenance, along with the suppression of TReg cells, will inform the development of new therapeutic strategies in liver diseases. Active manipulation of the balance between pathogenic and regulatory processes in the liver may assist in the restoration of homeostasis, especially in hepatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Drescher
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lea M Bartsch
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sabine Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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45
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Wo J, Zhang F, Li Z, Sun C, Zhang W, Sun G. The Role of Gamma-Delta T Cells in Diseases of the Central Nervous System. Front Immunol 2020; 11:580304. [PMID: 33193380 PMCID: PMC7644879 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.580304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells are a subset of T cells that promote the inflammatory responses of lymphoid and myeloid lineages, and are especially vital to the initial inflammatory and immune responses. Given the capability to connect crux inflammations of adaptive and innate immunity, γδ T cells are responsive to multiple molecular cues and can acquire the capacity to induce various cytokines, such as GM-CSF, IL-4, IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, and IFN-γ. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms responsible for γδ T cell proinflammatory functions remain poorly understood, particularly in the context of the central nervous system (CNS) diseases. CNS disease, usually leading to irreversible cognitive and physical disability, is becoming a worldwide public health problem. Here, we offer a review of the neuro-inflammatory and immune functions of γδ T cells, intending to understand their roles in CNS diseases, which may be crucial for the development of novel clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wo
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhizhong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenghong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Wencai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guodong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Rasouli J, Casella G, Yoshimura S, Zhang W, Xiao D, Garifallou J, Gonzalez MV, Wiedeman A, Kus A, Mari ER, Fortina P, Hakonarson H, Long SA, Zhang GX, Ciric B, Rostami A. A distinct GM-CSF + T helper cell subset requires T-bet to adopt a T H1 phenotype and promote neuroinflammation. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/52/eaba9953. [PMID: 33097590 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aba9953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Elevation of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing T helper (TH) cells has been associated with several autoimmune diseases, suggesting a potential role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. However, the identity of GM-CSF-producing TH cells has not been closely examined. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and high-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry, we identified eight populations of antigen-experienced CD45RA-CD4+ T cells in blood of healthy individuals including a population of GM-CSF-producing cells, known as THGM, that lacked expression of signature transcription factors and cytokines of established TH lineages. Using GM-CSF-reporter/fate reporter mice, we show that THGM cells are present in the periphery and central nervous system in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In addition to GM-CSF, human and mouse THGM cells also expressed IL-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-3, and CCL20. THGM cells maintained their phenotype through several cycles of activation but up-regulated expression of T-bet and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) upon exposure to IL-12 in vitro and in the central nervous system of mice with autoimmune neuroinflammation. Although T-bet was not required for the development of THGM cells, it was essential for their encephalitogenicity. These findings demonstrate that THGM cells constitute a distinct population of TH cells with lineage characteristics that are poised to adopt a TH1 phenotype and promote neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Rasouli
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Giacomo Casella
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Satoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James Garifallou
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael V Gonzalez
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alice Wiedeman
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna Kus
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elisabeth R Mari
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paolo Fortina
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Translation and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S Alice Long
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Guang-Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bogoljub Ciric
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Karpus WJ. Cytokines and Chemokines in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:316-326. [PMID: 31907274 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is a CD4+ T cell-mediated demyelinating disease of the CNS that serves as a model for multiple sclerosis. Cytokines and chemokines shape Th1 and Th17 effector responses as well as regulate migration of leukocytes to the CNS during disease. The CNS cellular infiltrate consists of Ag-specific and nonspecific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, B cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The mechanism of immune-mediated inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis has been extensively studied in an effort to develop therapeutic modalities for multiple sclerosis and, indeed, has provided insight in modern drug discovery. The present Brief Review highlights critical pathogenic aspects of cytokines and chemokines involved in generation of effector T cell responses and migration of inflammatory cells to the CNS. Select cytokines and chemokines are certainly important in the regulatory response, which involves T regulatory, B regulatory, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. However, that discussion is beyond the scope of this brief review.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Karpus
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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Vaeth M, Kahlfuss S, Feske S. CRAC Channels and Calcium Signaling in T Cell-Mediated Immunity. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:878-901. [PMID: 32711944 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signals play fundamental roles in immune cell function. The main sources of Ca2+ influx in mammalian lymphocytes following antigen receptor stimulation are Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. These are formed by ORAI proteins in the plasma membrane and are activated by stromal interaction molecules (STIM) located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Human loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 that abolish Ca2+ influx cause a unique disease syndrome called CRAC channelopathy that is characterized by immunodeficiency autoimmunity and non-immunological symptoms. Studies in mice lacking Stim and Orai genes have illuminated many cellular and molecular mechanisms by which these molecules control lymphocyte function. CRAC channels are required for the differentiation and function of several T lymphocyte subsets that provide immunity to infection, mediate inflammation and prevent autoimmunity. This review examines new insights into how CRAC channels control T cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vaeth
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sascha Kahlfuss
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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49
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Seasonal Variations in Macrophages/Microglia Underlie Changes in the Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis Severity. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4082-4089. [PMID: 32661729 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Both immune and neurodegenerative mechanisms underlie multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). MS/EAE are triggered by encephalitogenic immune cells, including Th1 and Th17 cells, whereas T regulatory (Treg) cells are involved in inflammation resolution. Pro-inflammatory macrophages/microglia also play a deleterious role in the disease. Seasonal variations in MS relapses, active lesions, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels have been described in MS patients and have been related with both perinatal and adult exposure to sunlight and other environmental factors. However, some data in EAE mice suggest that these variations might be, at least partially, endogenously determined. Thus, our objective was to study the effect of the season of birth and disease induction on the course of EAE, and immune cell infiltration in the central nervous system (CNS) in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55)-induced EAE in 8 weeks old, female C57BL/6N mice maintained under constant, controlled conditions. EAE severity as well as pathogenic (Th1, Th17, macrophages/microglia) and protective (Treg) subsets was found to vary according to the season of birth or of EAE induction. Summer-born or summer-immunized animals developed a milder disease, which coincided with variations in numbers of T effector/regulatory subsets, and significantly low numbers of macrophages/microglia. These results suggest that endogenous rhythms in immune responses might cause seasonal variations in EAE severity, and, maybe, in the course of MS, and that they might be related to macrophages/microglia.
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Tanaka K, Saito R, Sanada K, Nishimura H, Nishimura K, Sonoda S, Ueno H, Motojima Y, Matsuura T, Yoshimura M, Maruyama T, Onaka T, Yamamoto Y, Kusuhara K, Ueta Y. Expression of hypothalamic feeding-related peptide genes and neuroendocrine responses in an experimental allergic encephalomyelitis rat model. Peptides 2020; 129:170313. [PMID: 32298774 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is considered to be a useful animal model of human multiple sclerosis (MS). However, among the various symptoms of MS, the mechanisms contributing to inflammatory anorexia remain unclear. In the present study, we used an EAE rat model to examine changes in expression levels of hypothalamic feeding-related peptide genes and neuroendocrine responses such as the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The weight gain and cumulative food intake in EAE rats in the early days after immunization was significantly lower than that of the control group. The expression of orexigenic peptide genes Npy and Agrp were significantly increased, whereas the levels of anorectic peptide genes (Pomc and Cart) were significantly decreased in the hypothalamus of EAE rats. There was also a significant increase in the mRNA and plasma oxytocin (OXT) but not of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei (PVN) of EAE rats at days 12 and 18 after immunization. The expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh) and Avp was downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in the parvocellular division of the PVN at day 12 after immunization. The expression level of Pomc in the anterior pituitary significantly increased, accompanied by increased plasma corticosterone levels, at days 6, 12, and 18 after immunization. These results suggest that inflammatory anorexia in rat EAE may be caused by activation of the OXT-ergic pathway and HPA axis via changes in the expression of hypothalamic feeding-related peptides, including Avp but not Crh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Reiko Saito
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kenya Sanada
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Haruki Nishimura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nishimura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Satomi Sonoda
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ueno
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Motojima
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsuura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Onaka
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimono, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yukiyo Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Koichi Kusuhara
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
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