1
|
Aravind A, Mathew RT, Kuruba L, Vijayakumar M, Prasad TSK. Proteomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from OSCC patients reveals potential immune checkpoints to enable personalized treatment. Mol Omics 2024. [PMID: 39177064 DOI: 10.1039/d4mo00112e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with high mortality and prevalence rates. OSCC is defined as an immunogenic tumor with the potential to be recognized and targeted by the immune system. It is characterized by the extensive infiltration of immune cells and plays a vital role in tumorigenesis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are a functional subset of immune cells readily accessible through minimally invasive procedures. The molecular characterization of immune cells aids in understanding their functional roles in various pathophysiological conditions. Proteomic analysis of PBMCs from cancer patients provides insight into the mechanism of immunoregulation and the role of immune cells in impeding tumor development and progression. Therefore, the present study investigated the immune cell proteome of a cancer control cohort within OSCC, leveraging data-independent acquisition analysis by mass spectrometry (DIA-MS). Among the differentially abundant proteins in OSCC, we identified promising molecular targets, including LMNB1, CTSB, CD14, CD177, and SPI1. Further exploration of the signaling pathways related to the candidate molecules demonstrated their involvement in cancer immunomodulation. Therefore, this study can serve as a platform for identifying new candidate proteins to further investigate their potential as immunotherapeutic targets and prognostic markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Aravind
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka - 575018, India.
| | - Rohan Thomas Mathew
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka - 575018, India.
| | - Lepakshi Kuruba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka - 575018, India
| | - Manavalan Vijayakumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka - 575018, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nair B, Kamath AJ, Tergaonkar V, Sethi G, Nath LR. Mast cells and the gut-liver Axis: Implications for liver disease progression and therapy. Life Sci 2024; 351:122818. [PMID: 38866220 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The role of mast cells, traditionally recognized for their involvement in immediate hypersensitivity reactions, has garnered significant attention in liver diseases. Studies have indicated a notable increase in mast cell counts following hepatic injury, underscoring their potential contribution to liver disorder pathogenesis. Predominantly situated in connective tissue that envelops the hepatic veins, bile ducts, and arteries, mast cells are central to both initiating and perpetuating liver disorders. Additionally, they are crucial for maintaining gastrointestinal barrier function. The gut-liver axis emphasizes the complex, two-way communication between the gut microbiome and the liver. Past research has implicated gut microbiota and their metabolites in the progression of hepatic disorders. This review sheds light on how mast cells are activated in various liver conditions such as alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), viral hepatitis, hepatic fibrogenesis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It also briefly explores the connection between the gut microbiome and mast cell activation in these hepatic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India; Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Adithya Jayaprakash Kamath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NFκB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, 138673, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ding H, Jiang M, Chan AM, Xia Y, Ma RCW, Yao X, Wang L, Huang Y. Targeting the tyrosine kinase Src in endothelium attenuates inflammation and atherogenesis induced by disturbed flow. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 39117589 DOI: 10.1111/bph.17307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that Src can regulate inflammation and tumour progression. However, the mechanisms by which Src regulates the inflammatory response of vascular endothelium and atherogenesis are currently poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of Src in endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of inflammatory genes. The phosphorylation and localization of proteins were examined using western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. The level of p-Src Y416 in mouse endothelium was directly determined using en face staining. Endothelial-specific knockdown of Src was achieved by tail vein injection of AAV-sgSrc in ApoE-/-; Cas9LSL/LSL; Cdh5-cre mice. Atherosclerosis was induced by partial ligation of the carotid artery. KEY RESULTS Oscillatory shear stress (OSS) promotes the phosphorylation of Src at Y416 in endothelial cells, and Piezo1 is required for this regulatory process. Overexpression of constitutively active Src promotes endothelial inflammation, as well as phosphorylation of Stat3 (at Y705) and its nuclear translocation. Endothelial inflammation induced by OSS was abolished by the Src inhibitor dasatinib or si-Src. Dasatinib, when administered orally, reduced endothelial inflammation and plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice induced by partial carotid artery ligation. Additionally, plaque formation was decreased in the ligated left carotid artery of mice with endothelial-specific Src knockdown. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Disturbed flow promotes endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis through the Piezo1-Src-Stat3 pathway. Therefore, inhibiting Src in endothelial cells could be a promising therapeutic strategy to treat atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Ding
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minchun Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrew M Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gupta S, Dalpati N, Rai SK, Sehrawat A, Pai V, Sarangi PP. A synthetic bioactive peptide of the C-terminal fragment of adhesion protein Fibulin7 attenuates the inflammatory functions of innate immune cells in LPS-induced systemic inflammation. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:1333-1348. [PMID: 38836870 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic inflammation is associated with improper localization of hyperactive neutrophils and monocytes in visceral organs. Previously, a C-terminal fragment of adhesion protein Fibulin7 (Fbln7-C) was shown to regulate innate immune functionality during inflammation. Recently, a shorter bioactive peptide of Fbln7-C, FC-10, via integrin binding was shown to reduce ocular angiogenesis. However, the role of FC-10 in regulating the neutrophils and monocyte functionality during systemic inflammatory conditions is unknown. The study sought to explore the role of FC-10 peptide on the functionality of innate immune cells during inflammation and endotoxemic mice. METHODS Neutrophils and monocytes were isolated from healthy donors and septic patient clinical samples and Cell adhesion assay was performed using a UV spectrophotometer. Gene expression studies were performed using qPCR. Protein level expression was measured using ELISA and flow cytometry. ROS assay, and activation markers analysis in vitro, and in vivo were done using flow cytometry. TREATMENT Cells were stimulated with LPS (100 ng/mL) and studied in the presence of peptides (10 μg, and 20 μg/mL) in vitro. In an in vivo study, mice were administered with LPS (36.8 mg/kg bw) and peptide (20 μg). RESULTS This study demonstrates that human neutrophils and monocytes adhere to FC-10 via integrin β1, inhibit spreading, ROS, surface activation markers (CD44, CD69), phosphorylated Src kinase, pro-inflammatory genes, and protein expression, compared to scrambled peptide in cells isolated from healthy donors and clinical sample. In line with the in vitro data, FC-10 (20 μg) administration significantly decreases innate cell infiltration at inflammatory sites, improves survival in endotoxemia animals & reduces the inflammatory properties of neutrophils and monocytes isolated from septic patients. CONCLUSION FC-10 peptide can regulate neutrophils and monocyte functions and has potential to be used as an immunomodulatory therapeutic in inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Gupta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Nibedita Dalpati
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Shubham Kumar Rai
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Amit Sehrawat
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Venkatesh Pai
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pranita P Sarangi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang T, Rathee A, Pemberton PA, Lood C. Exogenous serpin B1 restricts immune complex-mediated NET formation via inhibition of a chymotrypsin-like protease and enhances microbial phagocytosis. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107533. [PMID: 38971315 PMCID: PMC11327461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune complex (IC)-driven formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is a major contributing factor to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Exogenous recombinant human serpin B1 (rhsB1) can regulate NET formation; however, its mechanism(s) of action is currently unknown as is its ability to regulate IC-mediated NET formation and other neutrophil effector functions. To investigate this, we engineered or post-translationally modified rhsB1 proteins that possessed specific neutrophil protease inhibitory activities and pretreated isolated neutrophils with them prior to inducing NET formation with ICs derived from patients with SLE, PMA, or the calcium ionophore A23187. Neutrophil activation and phagocytosis assays were also performed with rhsB1 pretreated and IC-activated neutrophils. rhsB1 dose-dependently inhibited NET formation by all three agents in a process dependent on its chymotrypsin-like inhibitory activity, most likely cathepsin G. Only one variant (rhsB1 C344A) increased surface levels of neutrophil adhesion/activation markers on IC-activated neutrophils and boosted intracellular ROS production. Further, rhsB1 enhanced complement-mediated neutrophil phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria but not ICs. In conclusion, we have identified a novel mechanism of action by which exogenously administered rhsB1 inhibits IC, PMA, and A2138-mediated NET formation. Cathepsin G is a well-known contributor to autoimmune disease but to our knowledge, this is the first report implicating it as a potential driver of NET formation. We identified the rhsB1 C334A variant as a candidate protein that can suppress IC-mediated NET formation, boost microbial phagocytosis, and potentially impact additional neutrophil effector functions including ROS-mediated microbial killing in phagolysosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Arpit Rathee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Amin N, Abbasi IN, Wu F, Shi Z, Sundus J, Badry A, Yuan X, Zhao BX, Pan J, Mi XD, Luo Y, Geng Y, Fang M. The Janus face of HIF-1α in ischemic stroke and the possible associated pathways. Neurochem Int 2024; 177:105747. [PMID: 38657682 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is the most devastating disease, causing paralysis and eventually death. Many clinical and experimental trials have been done in search of a new safe and efficient medicine; nevertheless, scientists have yet to discover successful remedies that are also free of adverse effects. This is owing to the variability in intensity, localization, medication routes, and each patient's immune system reaction. HIF-1α represents the modern tool employed to treat stroke diseases due to its functions: downstream genes such as glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and cell survival. Its role can be achieved via two downstream EPO and VEGF strongly related to apoptosis and antioxidant processes. Recently, scientists paid more attention to drugs dealing with the HIF-1 pathway. This review focuses on medicines used for ischemia treatment and their potential HIF-1α pathways. Furthermore, we discussed the interaction between HIF-1α and other biological pathways such as oxidative stress; however, a spotlight has been focused on certain potential signalling contributed to the HIF-1α pathway. HIF-1α is an essential regulator of oxygen balance within cells which affects and controls the expression of thousands of genes related to sustaining homeostasis as oxygen levels fluctuate. HIF-1α's role in ischemic stroke strongly depends on the duration and severity of brain damage after onset. HIF-1α remains difficult to investigate, particularly in ischemic stroke, due to alterations in the acute and chronic phases of the disease, as well as discrepancies between the penumbra and ischemic core. This review emphasizes these contrasts and analyzes the future of this intriguing and demanding field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Amin
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Egypt; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Irum Naz Abbasi
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongjie Shi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Javaria Sundus
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Azhar Badry
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Yuan
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xin Zhao
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Mi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhuan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Geng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Politiek FA, Turkenburg M, Ofman R, Waterham HR. Mevalonate kinase-deficient THP-1 cells show a disease-characteristic pro-inflammatory phenotype. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379220. [PMID: 38550596 PMCID: PMC10972877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Bi-allelic pathogenic variants in the MVK gene, which encodes mevalonate kinase (MK), an essential enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis, cause the autoinflammatory metabolic disorder mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD). We generated and characterized MK-deficient monocytic THP-1 cells to identify molecular and cellular mechanisms that contribute to the pro-inflammatory phenotype of MKD. Methods Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated THP-1 cells with different MK deficiencies mimicking the severe (MKD-MA) and mild end (MKD-HIDS) of the MKD disease spectrum. Following confirmation of previously established disease-specific biochemical hallmarks, we studied the consequences of the different MK deficiencies on LPS-stimulated cytokine release, glycolysis versus oxidative phosphorylation rates, cellular chemotaxis and protein kinase activity. Results Similar to MKD patients' cells, MK deficiency in the THP-1 cells caused a pro-inflammatory phenotype with a severity correlating with the residual MK protein levels. In the MKD-MA THP-1 cells, MK protein levels were barely detectable, which affected protein prenylation and was accompanied by a profound pro-inflammatory phenotype. This included a markedly increased LPS-stimulated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation towards glycolysis. We also observed increased activity of protein kinases that are involved in cell migration and proliferation, and in innate and adaptive immune responses. The MKD-HIDS THP-1 cells had approximately 20% residual MK activity and showed a milder phenotype, which manifested mainly upon LPS stimulation or exposure to elevated temperatures. Conclusion MK-deficient THP-1 cells show the biochemical and pro-inflammatory phenotype of MKD and are a good model to study underlying disease mechanisms and therapeutic options of this autoinflammatory disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frouwkje A. Politiek
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Turkenburg
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rob Ofman
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hans R. Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kaneko T, Ezra S, Abdo R, Voss C, Zhong S, Liu X, Hovey O, Slessarev M, Van Nynatten LR, Ye M, Fraser DD, Li SSC. Kinome and phosphoproteome reprogramming underlies the aberrant immune responses in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:13. [PMID: 38389037 PMCID: PMC10882830 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers extensive host immune reactions, leading to severe diseases in certain individuals. However, the molecular basis underlying the excessive yet non-productive immune responses in severe COVID-19 remains incompletely understood. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proteome and phosphoproteome in sepsis patients positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as healthy subjects, using quantitative mass spectrometry. Our findings demonstrate dynamic changes in the COVID-19 PBMC proteome and phosphoproteome during disease progression, with distinctive protein or phosphoprotein signatures capable of distinguishing longitudinal disease states. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a global reprogramming of the kinome and phosphoproteome, resulting in defective adaptive immune response mediated by the B and T lymphocytes, compromised innate immune responses involving the SIGLEC and SLAM family of immunoreceptors, and excessive cytokine-JAK-STAT signaling. In addition to uncovering host proteome and phosphoproteome aberrations caused by SARS-CoV-2, our work recapitulates several reported therapeutic targets for COVID-19 and identified numerous new candidates, including the kinases PKG1, CK2, ROCK1/2, GRK2, SYK, JAK2/3, TYK2, DNA-PK, PKCδ, and the cytokine IL-12.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Kaneko
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Sally Ezra
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Rober Abdo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Courtney Voss
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Shanshan Zhong
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Owen Hovey
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Marat Slessarev
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Western University, London, Canada
| | | | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Douglas D Fraser
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Rd E, London, ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Shawn Shun-Cheng Li
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wong E, Malviya M, Jain T, Liao GP, Kehs Z, Chang JC, Studer L, Scheinberg DA, Li YM. HuM195 and its single-chain variable fragment increase Aβ phagocytosis in microglia via elimination of CD33 inhibitory signaling. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02474-z. [PMID: 38383769 PMCID: PMC11336028 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
CD33 is a transmembrane receptor expressed on cells of myeloid lineage and regulates innate immunity. CD33 is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and targeting CD33 has been a promising strategy drug development. However, the mechanism of CD33's action is poorly understood. Here we investigate the mechanism of anti-CD33 antibody HuM195 (Lintuzumab) and its single-chain variable fragment (scFv) and examine their therapeutic potential. Treatment with HuM195 full-length antibody or its scFv increased phagocytosis of β-amyloid 42 (Aβ42) in human microglia and monocytes. This activation of phagocytosis was driven by internalization and degradation of CD33, thereby downregulating its inhibitory signal. HumM195 transiently induced CD33 phosphorylation and its signaling via receptor dimerization. However, this signaling decayed with degradation of CD33. scFv binding to CD33 leads to a degradation of CD33 without detection of the CD33 dimerization and signaling. Moreover, we found that treatments with either HuM195 or scFv promotes the secretion of IL33, a cytokine implicated in microglia reprogramming. Importantly, recombinant IL33 potentiates the uptake of Aβ42 in monocytes. Collectively, our findings provide unanticipated mechanistic insight into the role of CD33 signaling in both monocytes and microglia and define a molecular basis for the development of CD33-based therapy of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Wong
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Manish Malviya
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Tanya Jain
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Program of Neurosciences, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - George P Liao
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Program of Pharmacology Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Zoe Kehs
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Program of Pharmacology Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Jerry C Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- Developmental biology program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Program of Pharmacology Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Program of Neurosciences, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- Program of Pharmacology Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim YJ, Kim TI, Lee A, Kim K, Hwang YH. Sinomenium acutum Modulates Platelet Aggregation and Thrombus Formation by Regulating the Glycoprotein VI-Mediated Signalosome in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:6. [PMID: 38275992 PMCID: PMC10819422 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinomenium acutum (SA) has long been used as a traditional medicine in China, Japan, and Korea to treat a wide range of diseases. It has been traditionally used to ameliorate inflammation and improve blood circulation. However, its role in platelet activation has not been thoroughly investigated. Hence, we conducted this study to assess the potential inhibitory effect of SA on platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. The antiplatelet activities of SA were evaluated by assessing platelet aggregation, granular secretion, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, and the Glycoprotein (GP) VI-mediated signalosome. The thrombosis and bleeding time assays were used to investigate the effect of SA (orally administered at 50 and 100 mg/kg for seven days) in mice. SA treatment at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL significantly reduced GPVI-mediated platelet aggregation, granular secretion, and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Further biochemical studies revealed that SA inhibited spleen tyrosine kinase, phospholipase Cγ2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and AKT phosphorylation. Interestingly, oral administration of SA efficiently ameliorated FeCl3-induced arterial thrombus formation without prolonging the tail bleeding time. These findings suggest that SA has beneficial effects in thrombosis and hemostasis. Therefore, SA holds promise as an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of thrombotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Ji Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (T.I.K.)
| | - Tae In Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (T.I.K.)
| | - Ami Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea;
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (T.I.K.)
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea;
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Z, Qu S, Yuan J, Tian W, Xu J, Tao R, Sun S, Lu T, Tang W, Zhu Y. Review and prospects of targeted therapies for Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK). Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 96:117514. [PMID: 37984216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. The dysregulation of SYK is closely related to the occurrence and development of allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer. SYK has become an attractive target for drug discovery due to its important biological functions. This article reviews the biological function of SYK, the relationship between SYK and disease, and therapies targeting SYK. In addition, inspired by new technologies such as proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and phosphatase recruiting chimeras (PHORCs), we propose the development of new therapeutic approaches for targeting SYK, such as SYK PROTACs and SYK PHORCs, which may overcome deficiencies of existing methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Wang
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shu Qu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jiahao Yuan
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Wen Tian
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jinglei Xu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Rui Tao
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shilong Sun
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Weifang Tang
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu F, Jing D, Zhou H, Hu Z, Wang Y, Jin G, Yang Y, Zhou G. Blockade of Syk modulates neutrophil immune-responses via the mTOR/RUBCNL-dependent autophagy pathway to alleviate intestinal inflammation in ulcerative colitis. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2023; 6:pbad025. [PMID: 37941642 PMCID: PMC10628969 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a progressive chronic inflammatory disorder. Neutrophils play a critical role in regulating intestinal mucosal homeostasis in UC. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is involved in several inflammatory diseases. Here, we evaluated the effects and underlying mechanisms of Syk on neutrophil immune-responses in UC. Methods Syk expression in the colonic tissues of patients with UC was determined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Colonic biopsies from patients with UC were obtained for single-cell RNA-sequencing. Neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood were pre-treated with R788 (a Syk inhibitor) and gene differences were determined using RNA sequencing. Neutrophil functions were analyzed using qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay. R788 was administered daily to mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis to verify the effects of Syk on intestinal inflammation. Results Syk expression was increased in inflamed mucosa and neutrophils of patients with UC and positively correlated with disease activity. Pharmacological inhibition of Syk in neutrophils decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, neutrophil extracellular traps, reactive oxygen species, and myeloperoxidase. Apoptosis and migration of neutrophils were suppressed by Syk blockade. Syk blockade ameliorated mucosal inflammation in DSS-induced murine colitis by inhibiting neutrophil-associated immune responses. Mechanistically, Syk regulated neutrophil immune-responses via the mammalian target of rapamycin kinase/rubicon-like autophagy enhancer-dependent autophagy pathway. Conclusions Our findings indicate that Syk facilitates specific neutrophil functional responses to mucosal inflammation in UC, and its inhibition ameliorates mucosal inflammation in DSS-induced murine colitis, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic target for UC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Dehuai Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Zongjing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Guiyuan Jin
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Yonghong Yang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Guangxi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Torres AY, Nano M, Campanale JP, Deak S, Montell DJ. Activated Src kinase promotes cell cannibalism in Drosophila. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202302076. [PMID: 37747450 PMCID: PMC10518265 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202302076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Src family kinases (SFKs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins acting downstream of receptors and regulating cellular processes including proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Elevated SFK expression and activity correlate with progression of a variety of cancers. Here, using the Drosophila melanogaster border cells as a model, we report that localized activation of a Src kinase promotes an unusual behavior: engulfment of one cell by another. By modulating Src expression and activity in the border cell cluster, we found that increased Src kinase activity, either by mutation or loss of a negative regulator, is sufficient to drive one cell to engulf another living cell. We elucidate a molecular mechanism that requires integrins, the kinases SHARK and FAK, and Rho family GTPases, but not the engulfment receptor Draper. We propose that cell cannibalism is a result of aberrant phagocytosis, where cells with dysregulated Src activity fail to differentiate between living and dead or self versus non-self, thus driving this malignant behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Yurani Torres
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Maddalena Nano
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Joseph P. Campanale
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Sierra Deak
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Denise J. Montell
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Socodato R, Rodrigues-Santos A, Tedim-Moreira J, Almeida TO, Canedo T, Portugal CC, Relvas JB. RhoA balances microglial reactivity and survival during neuroinflammation. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:690. [PMID: 37863874 PMCID: PMC10589285 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are the largest myeloid cell population in the brain. During injury, disease, or inflammation, microglia adopt different functional states primarily involved in restoring brain homeostasis. However, sustained or exacerbated microglia inflammatory reactivity can lead to brain damage. Dynamic cytoskeleton reorganization correlates with alterations of microglial reactivity driven by external cues, and proteins controlling cytoskeletal reorganization, such as the Rho GTPase RhoA, are well positioned to refine or adjust the functional state of the microglia during injury, disease, or inflammation. Here, we use multi-biosensor-based live-cell imaging approaches and tissue-specific conditional gene ablation in mice to understand the role of RhoA in microglial response to inflammation. We found that a decrease in RhoA activity is an absolute requirement for microglial metabolic reprogramming and reactivity to inflammation. However, without RhoA, inflammation disrupts Ca2+ and pH homeostasis, dampening mitochondrial function, worsening microglial necrosis, and triggering microglial apoptosis. Our results suggest that a minimum level of RhoA activity is obligatory to concatenate microglia inflammatory reactivity and survival during neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renato Socodato
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Artur Rodrigues-Santos
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Tedim-Moreira
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago O Almeida
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Canedo
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Camila C Portugal
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João B Relvas
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tsubata T. The ligand interactions of B cell Siglecs are involved in the prevention of autoimmunity to sialylated self-antigens and in the quality control of signaling-competent B cells. Int Immunol 2023; 35:461-473. [PMID: 37504378 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are a family of membrane molecules that recognize sialic acid. Most of them are inhibitory receptors that inhibit immune-cell activation by recognizing sialic acid as a self-motif. Human B cells express CD22 (also known as Siglec-2), Siglec-5, Siglec-6 and Siglec-10 whereas mouse B cells express CD22 and Siglec-G (ortholog of human Siglec-10). Siglecs recognize both sialylated molecules expressed on the same cell (cis-ligands) and those expressed by other cells (trans-ligands). In Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), antibody production to gangliosides (which are sialic acid-containing glycolipids) expressed by neurons plays a pathogenic role. A Siglec-10 variant deficient in recognition of gangliosides is genetically associated with GBS, suggesting that Siglec-10 induces self-tolerance to gangliosides by recognizing gangliosides as trans-ligands. Recognition of the BCR as a cis-ligand by Siglec-G and CD22 suppresses BCR signaling in B-1 cells and conventional B cells, respectively. This signal suppression prevents excess expansion of B-1 cells and is involved in the quality control of signaling-competent B cells by setting a threshold for tonic signaling during B cell development. CD22 recognizes other cis-ligands including CD22 and β7 integrin. Interaction of CD22 with other CD22 molecules induces CD22 clustering that suppresses CD22-mediated signal inhibition upon BCR ligation, and interaction with β7 integrin maintains its function in the gut-homing of B cells. Taken together, interactions of B cell Siglecs with multiple trans- and cis-ligands play important roles in B cell homeostasis and immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tsubata
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Balog BM, Sonti A, Zigmond RE. Neutrophil biology in injuries and diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Prog Neurobiol 2023; 228:102488. [PMID: 37355220 PMCID: PMC10528432 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of inflammation in nervous system injury and disease is attracting increased attention. Much of that research has focused on microglia in the central nervous system (CNS) and macrophages in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Much less attention has been paid to the roles played by neutrophils. Neutrophils are part of the granulocyte subtype of myeloid cells. These cells, like macrophages, originate and differentiate in the bone marrow from which they enter the circulation. After tissue damage or infection, neutrophils are the first immune cells to infiltrate into tissues and are directed there by specific chemokines, which act on chemokine receptors on neutrophils. We have reviewed here the basic biology of these cells, including their differentiation, the types of granules they contain, the chemokines that act on them, the subpopulations of neutrophils that exist, and their functions. We also discuss tools available for identification and further study of neutrophils. We then turn to a review of what is known about the role of neutrophils in CNS and PNS diseases and injury, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal cord and traumatic brain injuries, CNS and PNS axon regeneration, and neuropathic pain. While in the past studies have focused on neutrophils deleterious effects, we will highlight new findings about their benefits. Studies on their actions should lead to identification of ways to modify neutrophil effects to improve health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Balog
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4975, USA
| | - Anisha Sonti
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4975, USA
| | - Richard E Zigmond
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4975, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kwon KW, Jang WY, Kim JW, Noh JK, Yi DK, Cho JY. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Meriania hexamera Sprague by Targeting Syk Kinase in NF-κB Signaling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3044. [PMID: 37687291 PMCID: PMC10490091 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective mechanism against harmful stimuli. There are two types of inflammation, acute and chronic, and severe diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer can be caused by chronic inflammation. Therefore, this research was conducted to discover new anti-inflammatory drugs. Meriania hexamera Sprague is a common herb in the Amazon region in South America. It is used as a traditional medical herb by natives, but no studies to date have investigated its anti-inflammatory activity. Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), pam3CSK4 (Pam3), and poly(I:C), we studied the M. hexamera Sprague-Methanol Extract's (Mh-ME) in vitro anti-inflammatory functions. Using RAW264.7 cells, we detected the released nitric oxide (NO) and mRNA expression extent of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with pro-inflammatory proteins like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and iterleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). It was found that Mh-ME suppressed the inflammatory activities in a dose-dependent manner. In the luciferase assay, the nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of the activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway was inhibited by Mh-ME. Mh-ME especially acted as an inhibitor of Syk kinase according to the results from CETSA. We also confirmed that Mh-ME mitigates acute gastritis derived from HCl/EtOH in ICR mice, ameliorating the expression of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). In conclusion, Mh-ME is an herb with anti-inflammatory effects that targets Syk in the NF-κB pathway, suggesting that Mh-ME could be used as an anti-inflammatory herbal medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Woong Kwon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (K.W.K.); (W.Y.J.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Won Young Jang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (K.W.K.); (W.Y.J.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (K.W.K.); (W.Y.J.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Jin Kyoung Noh
- Instituto de BioEconomia, El Batan, Quito 170135, Ecuador
| | - Dong-Keun Yi
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (K.W.K.); (W.Y.J.); (J.W.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tsubata T. Siglec cis-ligands and their roles in the immune system. Glycobiology 2023; 33:532-544. [PMID: 37154567 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins are a family of membrane molecules primarily expressed in immune cells. Most of them are inhibitory receptors containing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs in the cytoplasmic tail. On the cell surface, sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins are mostly bound by sialylated glycans on membrane molecules expressed in the same cell (cis-ligands). Although ligands of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins are not efficiently identified by conventional methods such as immunoprecipitation, in situ labeling including proximity labeling is useful in identifying both cis-ligands and the sialylated ligands expressed by other cells (trans-ligands) of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins. Interaction of the inhibitory sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins with cis-ligands including both those with and without signaling function modulates the inhibitory activity of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins by multiple different ways. This interaction also modulates signaling function of the cis-ligands. So far, little is known about the role of the interaction between sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins and the cis-ligands. Nonetheless, recent studies showed that the inhibitory activity of CD22 (also known as Siglec-2) is regulated by endogenous ligands, most likely cis-ligands, differentially in resting B cells and those in which B-cell antigen receptor is ligated. This differential regulation plays a role in quality control of signaling-competent B cells and also partial restoration of B-cell antigen receptor signaling in immunodeficient B cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tsubata
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Futosi K, Németh T, Horváth ÁI, Abram CL, Tusnády S, Lowell CA, Helyes Z, Mócsai A. Myeloid Src-family kinases are critical for neutrophil-mediated autoinflammation in gout and motheaten models. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221010. [PMID: 37074415 PMCID: PMC10120404 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoinflammatory diseases include a number of monogenic systemic inflammatory diseases, as well as acquired autoinflammatory diseases such as gout. Here, we show that the myeloid Src-family kinases Hck, Fgr, and Lyn are critical for experimental models of gout, as well as for genetically determined systemic inflammation in the Ptpn6me-v/me-v (motheaten viable) mouse model. The Hck-/-Fgr-/-Lyn-/- mutation abrogated various monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced pro-inflammatory responses of neutrophils, and protected mice from the development of gouty arthritis. The Src-family inhibitor dasatinib abrogated MSU crystal-induced responses of human neutrophils and reduced experimental gouty arthritis in mice. The Hck-/-Fgr-/-Lyn-/- mutation also abrogated spontaneous inflammation and prolonged the survival of the Ptpn6me-v/me-v mice. Spontaneous adhesion and superoxide release of Ptpn6me-v/me-v neutrophils were also abolished by the Hck-/-Fgr-/-Lyn-/- mutation. Excessive activation of tyrosine phosphorylation pathways in myeloid cells may characterize a subset of autoinflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Futosi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Inflammation Physiology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Németh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE “Lendület” Translational Rheumatology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám I. Horváth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School and János Szentágothai Research Centre, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Clare L. Abram
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Simon Tusnády
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Clifford A. Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School and János Szentágothai Research Centre, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- PharmInVivo Ltd., Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Inflammation Physiology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bode K, Hauri-Hohl M, Jaquet V, Weyd H. Unlocking the power of NOX2: A comprehensive review on its role in immune regulation. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102795. [PMID: 37379662 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a family of highly reactive molecules with numerous, often pleiotropic functions within the cell and the organism. Due to their potential to destroy biological structures such as membranes, enzymes and organelles, ROS have long been recognized as harmful yet unavoidable by-products of cellular metabolism leading to "oxidative stress" unless counterbalanced by cellular anti-oxidative defense mechanisms. Phagocytes utilize this destructive potential of ROS released in high amounts to defend against invading pathogens. In contrast, a regulated and fine-tuned release of "signaling ROS" (sROS) provides essential intracellular second messengers to modulate central aspects of immunity, including antigen presentation, activation of antigen presenting cells (APC) as well as the APC:T cell interaction during T cell activation. This regulated release of sROS is foremost attributed to the specialized enzyme NADPH-oxidase (NOX) 2 expressed mainly in myeloid cells such as neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells (DC). NOX-2-derived sROS are primarily involved in immune regulation and mediate protection against autoimmunity as well as maintenance of self-tolerance. Consequently, deficiencies in NOX2 not only result in primary immune-deficiencies such as Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) but also lead to auto-inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity. A comprehensive understanding of NOX2 activation and regulation will be key for successful pharmaceutical interventions of such ROS-related diseases in the future. In this review, we summarize recent progress regarding immune regulation by NOX2-derived ROS and the consequences of its deregulation on the development of immune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bode
- Section for Islet Cell & Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mathias Hauri-Hohl
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital Zurich - Eleonore Foundation & Children`s Research Center (CRC), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Centre Médical Universitaire, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Heiko Weyd
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity D120, German Cancer Research Center, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhan Y, Zhao CS, Qu X, Xiao Z, Deng C, Li Y. Identification of a novel amphioxus leucine-rich repeat receptor involved in phagocytosis reveals a role for Slit2-N-type LRR in bacterial elimination. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104689. [PMID: 37044216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The basal chordate amphioxus is a model for tracing the origin and evolution of vertebrate immunity. To explore the evolution of immunoreceptor signaling pathways, we searched the associated receptors of the amphioxus B. belcheri (Bb) homolog of immunoreceptor signaling adaptor protein Grb2. Mass-spectrum analysis of BbGrb2 immunoprecipitates from B. belcheri intestine lysates revealed a folate receptor (FR) domain- and leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing protein (FrLRR). Sequence and structural analysis showed that FrLRR is a membrane protein with a predicted curved solenoid structure. The N-terminal Fr domain contains very few folate-binding sites; the following LRR region is a Slit2-type LRR, and a GPI-anchored site was predicted at the C-terminus. RT-PCR analysis showed FrLRR is a transcription-mediated fusion gene of BbFR-like and BbSlit2-N-like genes. Genomic DNA structure analysis implied the B. belcheri FrLRR gene locus and the corresponding locus in B. floridae might be generated by exon shuffling of a Slit2-N-like gene into an FR gene. RT-qPCR, immunostaining and immunoblot results showed that FrLRR was primarily distributed in B. belcheri intestinal tissue. We further demonstrated that FrLRR localized to the cell membrane and lysosomes. Functionally, FrLRR mediated and promoted bacteria-binding and phagocytosis, and FrLRR antibody blocking or Grb2 knockdown inhibited FrLRR-mediated phagocytosis. Interestingly, we found that human Slit2-N (hSlit2-N) also mediated direct bacteria-binding and phagocytosis which was inhibited by Slit2-N antibody blocking or Grb2 knockdown. Together, these results indicate FrLRR and hSlit2-N may function as phagocytotic-receptors to promote phagocytosis through Grb2, implying the Slit2-N-type-LRR-containing proteins play a role in bacterial binding and elimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chen-Si Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xuemei Qu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhihui Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chong Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yingqiu Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Oh J, Kim SA, Kwon KW, Choi SR, Lee CH, Hossain MA, Kim ES, Kim C, Lee BH, Lee S, Kim JH, Cho JY. Sophora flavescens Aiton methanol extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects via reduction of Src kinase phosphorylation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116015. [PMID: 36563890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sophora flavescens Aiton (Family: Leguminosae), an herbal plant, has been used in East Asian home remedies for centuries for treating ulcers, skin burns, fevers, and inflammatory disorders. In addition, the dried root of S. flavescens was also applied for antipyretic, analgesic, antihelmintic, and stomachic uses. AIM OF STUDY Nonetheless, how this plant can show various pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory responses was not fully elucidated. In this study, therefore, we aimed to investigate the curative effects of S. flavescens on inflammation and its molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS For reaching this aim, various in vitro and in vivo experimental models with LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells, HCl/EtOH-induced gastric ulcer, and LPS-triggered lung injury conditions were employed and anti-inflammatory activity of S. flavescens methanol extract (Sf-ME) was also tested. Fingerprinting profile of Sf-ME was identified via LC-MS analysis. Its anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism was also examined by immunoblotting analysis. RESULTS Nitric oxide production and mRNA expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α were decreased. Additionally, phosphorylation of Src in the signaling cascade was decreased, and activities of the transcriptional factor NF-κB were reduced as determined by a luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, in vivo, gastritis and lung injury lesions were attenuated by Sf-ME. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggest that Sf-ME could be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent via suppression of Src kinase activity and regulation of IL-1β secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| | - Seung A Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| | - Ki Woong Kwon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| | - Se Rin Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Icksan, 54596, South Korea.
| | - Eun Sil Kim
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22689, South Korea.
| | - Changmu Kim
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22689, South Korea.
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22689, South Korea.
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22689, South Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Icksan, 54596, South Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu F, Zhang L, Su S, Fang Y, Yin X, Cui H, Sun J, Xie Y, Ma C. Neuronal C-Reactive Protein/FcγRI Positive Feedback Proinflammatory Signaling Contributes to Nerve Injury Induced Neuropathic Pain. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205397. [PMID: 36727833 PMCID: PMC10074098 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is difficult to treat in clinical practice, and the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently elucidated. Previous studies have demonstrated that the neuronal Fc-gamma-receptor type I (FcγRI) of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) mediates antigen-specific pain. However, the mechanisms of neuronal FcγRI in neuropathic pain remain to be explored. Here, it is found that the activation of FcγRI-related signals in primary neurons induces neuropathic pain in a rat model. This work first reveals that sciatic nerve injury persistently activates neuronal FcγRI-related signaling in the DRG, and conditional knockout (CKO) of the FcγRI-encoding gene Fcgr1 in rat DRG neurons significantly alleviates neuropathic pain after nerve injury. C-reactive protein (CRP) is increased in the DRG after nerve injury, and CRP protein of the DRG evokes pain by activating neuronal FcγRI-related signals. Furthermore, microinjection of naive IgG into the DRG alleviates neuropathic pain by suppressing the activation of neuronal FcγRI. These results indicate that the activation of neuronal CRP/FcγRI-related signaling plays an important role in the development of neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats. The findings may provide novel insights into the neuroimmune responses after peripheral nerve injury and suggest potential therapeutic targets for neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- National Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionDepartment of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyBeijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100050P. R. China
| | - Si Su
- National Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionDepartment of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005P. R. China
| | - Yehong Fang
- National Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionDepartment of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005P. R. China
| | - Xiang‐sha Yin
- National Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionDepartment of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005P. R. China
| | - Huan Cui
- National Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionDepartment of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005P. R. China
| | - Jianru Sun
- National Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionDepartment of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005P. R. China
| | - Yikuan Xie
- National Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionDepartment of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005P. R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- National Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionDepartment of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005P. R. China
- Chinese Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing102206P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
CD33 isoforms in microglia and Alzheimer's disease: Friend and foe. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 90:101111. [PMID: 35940942 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease and is considered the main cause of dementia worldwide. Genome-wide association studies combined with integrated analysis of functional datasets support a critical role for microglia in AD pathogenesis, identifying them as important potential therapeutic targets. The ability of immunomodulatory receptors on microglia to control the response to pathogenic amyloid-β aggregates has gained significant interest. Siglec-3, also known as CD33, is one of these immunomodulatory receptors expressed on microglia that has been identified as an AD susceptibility factor. Here, we review recent advances made in understanding the multifaceted roles that CD33 plays in microglia with emphasis on two human-specific CD33 isoforms that differentially correlate with AD susceptibility. We also describe several different therapeutic approaches for targeting CD33 that have been advanced for the purpose of skewing microglial cell responses.
Collapse
|
25
|
de Jesus AA, Chen G, Yang D, Brdicka T, Ruth NM, Bennin D, Cebecauerova D, Malcova H, Freeman H, Martin N, Svojgr K, Passo MH, Bhuyan F, Alehashemi S, Rastegar AT, Uss K, Kardava L, Marrero B, Duric I, Omoyinmi E, Peldova P, Lee CCR, Kleiner DE, Hadigan CM, Hewitt SM, Pittaluga S, Carmona-Rivera C, Calvo KR, Shah N, Balascakova M, Fink DL, Kotalova R, Parackova Z, Peterkova L, Kuzilkova D, Campr V, Sramkova L, Biancotto A, Brooks SR, Manes C, Meffre E, Harper RL, Kuehn H, Kaplan MJ, Brogan P, Rosenzweig SD, Merchant M, Deng Z, Huttenlocher A, Moir SL, Kuhns DB, Boehm M, Skvarova Kramarzova K, Goldbach-Mansky R. Constitutively active Lyn kinase causes a cutaneous small vessel vasculitis and liver fibrosis syndrome. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1502. [PMID: 36932076 PMCID: PMC10022554 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophilic inflammation is a hallmark of many monogenic autoinflammatory diseases; pathomechanisms that regulate extravasation of damaging immune cells into surrounding tissues are poorly understood. Here we identified three unrelated boys with perinatal-onset of neutrophilic cutaneous small vessel vasculitis and systemic inflammation. Two patients developed liver fibrosis in their first year of life. Next-generation sequencing identified two de novo truncating variants in the Src-family tyrosine kinase, LYN, p.Y508*, p.Q507* and a de novo missense variant, p.Y508F, that result in constitutive activation of Lyn kinase. Functional studies revealed increased expression of ICAM-1 on induced patient-derived endothelial cells (iECs) and of β2-integrins on patient neutrophils that increase neutrophil adhesion and vascular transendothelial migration (TEM). Treatment with TNF inhibition improved systemic inflammation; and liver fibrosis resolved on treatment with the Src kinase inhibitor dasatinib. Our findings reveal a critical role for Lyn kinase in modulating inflammatory signals, regulating microvascular permeability and neutrophil recruitment, and in promoting hepatic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana A de Jesus
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guibin Chen
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dan Yang
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tomas Brdicka
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natasha M Ruth
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - David Bennin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dita Cebecauerova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Malcova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Neil Martin
- Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Karel Svojgr
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Murray H Passo
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Farzana Bhuyan
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sara Alehashemi
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andre T Rastegar
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katsiaryna Uss
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lela Kardava
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bernadette Marrero
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Iris Duric
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ebun Omoyinmi
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Petra Peldova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - David E Kleiner
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Stephen M Hewitt
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Nirali Shah
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miroslava Balascakova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Danielle L Fink
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch/Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Radana Kotalova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Parackova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Peterkova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kuzilkova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Campr
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Sramkova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Stephen R Brooks
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Rebecca L Harper
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hyesun Kuehn
- Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Brogan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Melinda Merchant
- AstraZeneca Research Based Biopharmaceutical Company, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Zuoming Deng
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Susan L Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Douglas B Kuhns
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch/Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Manfred Boehm
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hatinguais R, Willment JA, Brown GD. C-type lectin receptors in antifungal immunity: Current knowledge and future developments. Parasite Immunol 2023; 45:e12951. [PMID: 36114607 PMCID: PMC10078331 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) constitute a category of innate immune receptors that play an essential role in the antifungal immune response. For over two decades, scientists have uncovered what are the fungal ligands recognized by CLRs and how these receptors initiate the immune response. Such studies have allowed the identification of genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding for CLRs or for proteins involved in the signalisation cascade they trigger. Nevertheless, our understanding of how these receptors functions and the full extent of their function during the antifungal immune response is still at its infancy. In this review, we summarize some of the main findings about CLRs in antifungal immunity and discuss what the future might hold for the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remi Hatinguais
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Janet A Willment
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Gordon D Brown
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Peng C, Rabold K, Netea MG, Jaeger M, Netea-Maier RT. Influence of Lenvatinib on the Functional Reprogramming of Peripheral Myeloid Cells in the Context of Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020412. [PMID: 36839733 PMCID: PMC9960916 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lenvatinib is a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved for the treatment of several types of cancers, including metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The intended targets include VEGFR 1-3, FGFR 1-4, PDGFRα, RET, and KIT signaling pathways, but drug resistance inevitably develops and a complete cure is very rare. Recent data has revealed that most of the TKIs have additional 'off-target' immunological effects, which might contribute to a protective antitumor immune response; however, human cellular data are lacking regarding Lenvatinib-mediated immunomodulation in DTC. Here, we investigated in ex vivo models the impact of Lenvatinib on the function of immune cells in healthy volunteers. We found that monocytes and macrophages were particularly susceptible to Lenvatinib, while neutrophiles and lymphocytes were less affected. In tumor-immune cell co-culture experiments, Lenvatinib exerted a broad inhibitory effect on the proinflammatory response in TC-induced macrophages. Interestingly, Lenvatinib-treated cells had decreased cellular M2 membrane markers, whereas they secreted a significantly higher level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 upon LPS stimulation. In addition, prolonged exposure to Lenvatinib impaired macrophages survival and phenotypical differentiation, which was accompanied by remarkable morphological changes and suppressed cellular metabolic activity. These effects were mediated by myeloid cell-intrinsic mechanisms which are independent of Lenvatinib's on-target activity. Finally, using specific inhibitors, we argue that dual effects on p38 MAPK and Syk pathways are likely the underlying mechanism of the off-target immunological effects we observed in this study. Collectively, our data show the immunomodulatory properties of Lenvatinib on human monocytes. These insights could be harnessed for the future design of novel treatment strategies involving a combination of Lenvatinib with other immunotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrin Rabold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Jaeger
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Romana T. Netea-Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-24-3614599
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sonowal H, Rice WG, Howell SB. Luxeptinib interferes with LYN-mediated activation of SYK and modulates BCR signaling in lymphoma. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277003. [PMID: 36888611 PMCID: PMC9994718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Luxeptinib (LUX) is a novel oral kinase inhibitor that inhibits FLT3 and also interferes with signaling from the BCR and cell surface TLRs, as well as activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Ongoing clinical trials are testing its activity in patients with lymphoma and AML. This study sought to refine understanding of how LUX modulates the earliest steps downstream of the BCR following its activation by anti-IgM in lymphoma cells in comparison to ibrutinib (IB). LUX decreased anti-IgM-induced phosphorylation of BTK at Y551 and Y223 but its ability to reduce phosphorylation of kinases further upstream suggests that BTK is not the primary target. LUX was more effective than IB at reducing both steady state and anti-IgM-induced phosphorylation of LYN and SYK. LUX decreased phosphorylation of SYK (Y525/Y526) and BLNK (Y96) which are necessary regulators of BTK activation. Further upstream, LUX blunted the anti-IgM-induced phosphorylation of LYN (Y397) whose activation is required for phosphorylation of SYK and BLNK. These results indicate that LUX is targeting autophosphorylation of LYN or a step further upstream of LYN in the cascade of signal generated by BCR and that it does so more effectively than IB. The fact that LUX has activity at or upstream of LYN is important because LYN is an essential signaling intermediate in multiple cellular signaling processes that regulate growth, differentiation, apoptosis, immunoregulation, migration and EMT in normal and cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himangshu Sonowal
- Moores Cancer Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - William G. Rice
- Aptose Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen B. Howell
- Moores Cancer Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ghavami M, Fairn GD. Endoplasmic reticulum-Phagosome contact sites from the cradle to the grave. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1074443. [PMID: 36619860 PMCID: PMC9813420 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1074443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is a key component of the innate immune system used to ingest apoptotic cells and microorganisms for their destruction and recycling of macromolecules and the presentation of antigens to adaptive immune system cells. The newly formed vacuole or nascent phagosome undergoes a maturation process reminiscent of the classical endocytic maturation process, reaching a highly degradative phagolysosome stage before its tubulovesicular breakdown into lysosomes. The process is highly regulated and can be disrupted by various pathogenic organisms. The exchange of proteins, lipids, and other metabolites between organelles, including maturing phagosomes, is enabled by two processes, vesicular and non-vesicular transport at membrane contact sites (MCS). For decades the specific role(s) of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in phagocytosis has been the subject of much debate. In parallel, the last two decades have seen a burst in research on the numerous roles of ER contact sites and resident proteins in all aspects of organelle biology. Here, in this minireview, we describe ER-phagosome contact sites' functions from the early stages of particle engulfment to the phagolysosome dissolution into lysosomes. We also discuss several aspects of ER-phagosome contact sites that remain to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahlegha Ghavami
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gregory D. Fairn
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,*Correspondence: Gregory D. Fairn,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Portugal CC, Almeida TO, Socodato R, Relvas JB. Src family kinases (SFKs): critical regulators of microglial homeostatic functions and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. FEBS J 2022; 289:7760-7775. [PMID: 34510775 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
c-Src was the first protein kinase to be described as capable of phosphorylating tyrosine residues. Subsequent identification of other tyrosine-phosphorylating protein kinases with a similar structure to c-Src gave rise to the concept of Src family kinases (SFKs). Microglia are the resident innate immune cell population of the CNS. Under physiological conditions, microglia actively participate in brain tissue homeostasis, continuously patrolling the neuronal parenchyma and exerting neuroprotective actions. Activation of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) and damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) receptors induces microglial proliferation, migration toward pathological foci, phagocytosis, and changes in gene expression, concurrent with the secretion of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. A significant body of literature shows that SFK stimulation positively associates with microglial activation and neuropathological conditions, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Here, we review essential microglial homeostatic functions regulated by SFKs, including phagocytosis, environmental sensing, and secretion of inflammatory mediators. In addition, we discuss the potential of SFK modulation for microglial homeostasis in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila C Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago O Almeida
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Doutoramento em Ciências Biomédicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Renato Socodato
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - João B Relvas
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
TREM2 knockdown improves the therapeutic effect of PD-1 blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 636:140-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Kunapuli SP, Tsygankov AY. TULA-Family Regulators of Platelet Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314910. [PMID: 36499237 PMCID: PMC9736690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The two members of the UBASH3/TULA/STS-protein family have been shown to critically regulate cellular processes in multiple biological systems. The regulatory function of TULA-2 (also known as UBASH3B or STS-1) in platelets is one of the best examples of the involvement of UBASH3/TULA/STS proteins in cellular regulation. TULA-2 negatively regulates platelet signaling mediated by ITAM- and hemITAM-containing membrane receptors that are dependent on the protein tyrosine kinase Syk, which currently represents the best-known dephosphorylation target of TULA-2. The biological responses of platelets to collagen and other physiological agonists are significantly downregulated as a result. The protein structure, enzymatic activity and regulatory functions of UBASH3/TULA/STS proteins in the context of platelet responses and their regulation are discussed in this review.
Collapse
|
33
|
McLeish KR, Fernandes MJ. Understanding inhibitory receptor function in neutrophils through the lens of
CLEC12A. Immunol Rev 2022; 314:50-68. [PMID: 36424898 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first leukocytes recruited from the circulation in response to invading pathogens or injured cells. To eradicate pathogens and contribute to tissue repair, recruited neutrophils generate and release a host of toxic chemicals that can also damage normal cells. To avoid collateral damage leading to tissue injury and organ dysfunction, molecular mechanisms evolved that tightly control neutrophil response threshold to activating signals, the strength and location of the response, and the timing of response termination. One mechanism of response control is interruption of activating intracellular signaling pathways by the 20 inhibitory receptors expressed by neutrophils. The two inhibitory C-type lectin receptors expressed by neutrophils, CLEC12A and DCIR, exhibit both common and distinct molecular and functional mechanisms, and they are associated with different diseases. In this review, we use studies on CLEC12A as a model of inhibitory receptor regulation of neutrophil function and participation in disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to inhibitory receptor specificity offers the possibility of using physiologic control of neutrophil functions as a pharmacologic tool to control inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. McLeish
- Department of Medicine University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA
| | - Maria J. Fernandes
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Division CHU de Québec‐Laval University Research Center Québec Québec Canada
- Department of Microbiology‐Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Laval University Québec Québec Canada
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li Y, Lv C, Yu Y, Wu B, Zhang Y, Lang Q, Liang Z, Zhong C, Shi Y, Han S, Xu F, Tian Y. KIR3DL3-HHLA2 and TMIGD2-HHLA2 pathways: The dual role of HHLA2 in immune responses and its potential therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy. J Adv Res 2022; 47:137-150. [PMID: 35933091 PMCID: PMC10173190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cells and natural killer (NK) cells are essential components of the immune system and are regulated by coinhibitory and costimulatory molecules in which the B7 family and CD28 family play significant roles. Previous immune checkpoint studies on B7/CD28 family members, such as PD-1, have led to remarkable success in cancer immunotherapy. However, there is still a need to find new immune checkpoint molecules. Recent studies have demonstrated that HHLA2 exerts inhibitory and stimulatory functions on the immune system by binding to different receptors on different sites. However, the pathways between HHLA2 and its two receptors on T cells and NK cells remain controversial. AIM OF REVIEW Here, we reviewed recent studies about HHLA2 ligand interactions with KIR3DL3 and TMIGD2. We focused on elucidating the pathways between KIR3DL3/TMIGD2 and HHLA2 as well as their function in tumour progression. We also addressed the relationship between HHLA2 expression and the clinical prognosis of cancer patients. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW KIR3DL3/TMIGD2-HHLA2 may represent novel pathways within the tumour microenvironment and serve as crucial immune checkpoints for developing novel therapeutic drugs against human cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Baokang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qi Lang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhiyun Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chongli Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Shi
- The First Clinical College of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shukun Han
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bian HT, Shen YW, Zhou YD, Nagle DG, Guan YY, Zhang WD, Luan X. CD47: Beyond an immune checkpoint in cancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188771. [PMID: 35931392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The transmembrane protein, CD47, is recognized as an important innate immune checkpoint, and CD47-targeted drugs have been in development with the aim of inhibiting the interaction between CD47 and the regulatory glycoprotein SIRPα, for antitumor immunotherapy. Further, CD47 mediates other essential functions such as cell proliferation, caspase-independent cell death (CICD), angiogenesis and other integrin-activation-dependent cell phenotypic responses when bound to thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) or other ligands. Mounting strategies that target CD47 have been developed in pre-clinical and clinical trials, including antibodies, small molecules, siRNAs, and peptides, and some of them have shown great promise in cancer treatment. Herein, the authors endeavor to provide a retrospective of ligand-mediated CD47 regulatory mechanisms, their roles in controlling antitumor intercellular and intracellular signal transduction, and an overview of CD47-targetd drug design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Bian
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Wen Shen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677-1848, USA
| | - Dale G Nagle
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of BioMolecular Sciences and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677-1848, USA
| | - Ying-Yun Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Arunsi UO, Chioma OE, Etusim PE, Owumi SE. Indigenous Nigeria medicinal herbal remedies: A potential source for therapeutic against rheumatoid arthritis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1148-1178. [PMID: 35708153 PMCID: PMC9335509 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221102901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating disease associated with locomotion impairment, and conventional therapeutic drugs are not optimal for managing RA. There is an avalanche of medications used for the management of RA. Still, studies have shown that they are associated with severe side effects, including hepatotoxicity, retinopathy, and cardiotoxicity disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), skin, blood, and infections. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is currently gaining attention as a novel panacea for managing debilitating diseases, such as RA. Nigerian folk herbal remedies are replete with a plethora of curative medicine, albeit unvalidated scientifically but with seemingly miraculous provenance. Studies of the identification of bioactive compounds present in these botanicals using advanced spectral analytical techniques have enhanced our understanding of the role of Nigerian herbal remedies in the treatment and management of RA. Interestingly, experimental studies abound that the bioactive compounds present in the extracts of plant botanicals protected animals from the development of RA in different experimental models and reduced the toxicity associated with conventional therapeutics. Validated mechanisms of RA amelioration in human and animal models include suppression of the expression of NF-κB, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, IL-23, chemokines, TGF-β, RANKL, RANK, iNOS, arginase, COX-2, VEGFA, VEGFR, NFATC1, and TRAP in the synoviocytes. Decreased ROS, NO, MDA, carbonyl groups, and PGE2 in the synovial fluid increased the expression of PPARα/γ; antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules also improve RA etiology. In this mini-review, we discuss the global burden of RA, the novel role of plant-based botanicals as potential therapeutics against signaling pathways in RA. Also addressed is the possible repurposing/reprofiling of plant botanicals to increase their therapeutic index among RA patients that patronize traditional healers in Nigeria with a global projection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uche O Arunsi
- Cancer Immunology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Physical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, 440001, Nigeria
| | - Ogbuka E Chioma
- Department of Social and Environmental Forestry, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria
| | - Paschal E Etusim
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological and Physical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu 200, Nigeria
| | - Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria,Solomon Owumi.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Teixeira-Nunes M, Retailleau P, Comisso M, Deruelle V, Mechold U, Renault L. Bacterial Nucleotidyl Cyclases Activated by Calmodulin or Actin in Host Cells: Enzyme Specificities and Cytotoxicity Mechanisms Identified to Date. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126743. [PMID: 35743184 PMCID: PMC9223806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many pathogens manipulate host cell cAMP signaling pathways to promote their survival and proliferation. Bacterial Exoenzyme Y (ExoY) toxins belong to a family of invasive, structurally-related bacterial nucleotidyl cyclases (NC). Inactive in bacteria, they use proteins that are uniquely and abundantly present in eukaryotic cells to become potent, unregulated NC enzymes in host cells. Other well-known members of the family include Bacillus anthracis Edema Factor (EF) and Bordetella pertussis CyaA. Once bound to their eukaryotic protein cofactor, they can catalyze supra-physiological levels of various cyclic nucleotide monophosphates in infected cells. Originally identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ExoY-related NC toxins appear now to be more widely distributed among various γ- and β-proteobacteria. ExoY-like toxins represent atypical, poorly characterized members within the NC toxin family. While the NC catalytic domains of EF and CyaA toxins use both calmodulin as cofactor, their counterparts in ExoY-like members from pathogens of the genus Pseudomonas or Vibrio use actin as a potent cofactor, in either its monomeric or polymerized form. This is an original subversion of actin for cytoskeleton-targeting toxins. Here, we review recent advances on the different members of the NC toxin family to highlight their common and distinct functional characteristics at the molecular, cytotoxic and enzymatic levels, and important aspects that need further characterizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda Teixeira-Nunes
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (M.T.-N.); (M.C.)
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS-UPR2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Martine Comisso
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (M.T.-N.); (M.C.)
| | - Vincent Deruelle
- Unité de Biochimie des Interactions Macromoléculaires, Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, CNRS UMR 3528, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; (V.D.); (U.M.)
| | - Undine Mechold
- Unité de Biochimie des Interactions Macromoléculaires, Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, CNRS UMR 3528, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; (V.D.); (U.M.)
| | - Louis Renault
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (M.T.-N.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Khantakova D, Brioschi S, Molgora M. Exploring the Impact of TREM2 in Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060943. [PMID: 35746551 PMCID: PMC9227554 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary TREM2+ macrophages were recently reported to be highly enriched and associated with immunosuppression in various cancer types. Hence, TREM2 targeting represents a new promising approach for cancer treatment that is based on reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages to reshape anti-tumor immunity and overcome resistance to current therapies. Abstract Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent a key component of the tumor microenvironment and are generally associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis. TREM2 is a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed in myeloid cells. TREM2 has been extensively studied in microglia and neurodegenerative diseases and recently emerged as a marker of pro-tumorigenic macrophages. The accumulation of TREM2-expressing TAMs was reported across numerous cancer patients and tumor models. TREM2 genetic blockade or TREM2 targeting with antibodies resulted in improved tumor control, enhanced response to anti-PD1, and significant changes in the tumor immune landscape. Preclinical studies paved the way for an ongoing clinical trial with a TREM2 depleting antibody and inspired further exploration of TREM2 targeting therapies. Here, we review the current knowledge about the impact of TREM2 in cancer, with an emphasis on the TREM2+ macrophage signature across different cancer types, the contribution of TREM2 to TAM phenotype and function, and the promising effects of TREM2 modulation.
Collapse
|
39
|
Żelechowska P, Brzezińska-Błaszczyk E, Agier J, Kozłowska E. Different effectiveness of fungal pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in activating rat peritoneal mast cells. Immunol Lett 2022; 248:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
40
|
Ma L, Tian Y, Qian T, Li W, Liu C, Chu B, Kong Q, Cai R, Bai P, Ma L, Deng Y, Tian R, Wu C, Sun Y. Kindlin-2 promotes Src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of androgen receptor and contributes to breast cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:482. [PMID: 35595729 PMCID: PMC9122951 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04945-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) signaling plays important roles in breast cancer progression. We show here that Kindlin-2, a focal adhesion protein, is critically involved in the promotion of AR signaling and breast cancer progression. Kindlin-2 physically associates with AR and Src through its two neighboring domains, namely F1 and F0 domains, resulting in formation of a Kindlin-2-AR-Src supramolecular complex and consequently facilitating Src-mediated AR Tyr-534 phosphorylation and signaling. Depletion of Kindlin-2 was sufficient to suppress Src-mediated AR Tyr-534 phosphorylation and signaling, resulting in diminished breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. Re-expression of wild-type Kindlin-2, but not AR-binding-defective or Src-binding-defective mutant forms of Kindlin-2, in Kindlin-2-deficient cells restored AR Tyr-534 phosphorylation, signaling, breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, re-introduction of phosphor-mimic mutant AR-Y534D, but not wild-type AR reversed Kindlin-2 deficiency-induced inhibition of AR signaling and breast cancer progression. Finally, using a genetic knockout strategy, we show that ablation of Kindlin-2 from mammary tumors in mouse significantly reduced AR Tyr-534 phosphorylation, breast tumor progression and metastasis in vivo. Our results suggest a critical role of Kindlin-2 in promoting breast cancer progression and shed light on the molecular mechanism through which it functions in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Ma
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Yeteng Tian
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Tao Qian
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Wenjun Li
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Chengmin Liu
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Bizhu Chu
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Qian Kong
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Renwei Cai
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Panzhu Bai
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Lisha Ma
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Yi Deng
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Ying Sun
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Winkler S, Winkler I, Figaschewski M, Tiede T, Nordheim A, Kohlbacher O. De novo identification of maximally deregulated subnetworks based on multi-omics data with DeRegNet. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:139. [PMID: 35439941 PMCID: PMC9020058 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With a growing amount of (multi-)omics data being available, the extraction of knowledge from these datasets is still a difficult problem. Classical enrichment-style analyses require predefined pathways or gene sets that are tested for significant deregulation to assess whether the pathway is functionally involved in the biological process under study. De novo identification of these pathways can reduce the bias inherent in predefined pathways or gene sets. At the same time, the definition and efficient identification of these pathways de novo from large biological networks is a challenging problem. Results We present a novel algorithm, DeRegNet, for the identification of maximally deregulated subnetworks on directed graphs based on deregulation scores derived from (multi-)omics data. DeRegNet can be interpreted as maximum likelihood estimation given a certain probabilistic model for de-novo subgraph identification. We use fractional integer programming to solve the resulting combinatorial optimization problem. We can show that the approach outperforms related algorithms on simulated data with known ground truths. On a publicly available liver cancer dataset we can show that DeRegNet can identify biologically meaningful subgraphs suitable for patient stratification. DeRegNet can also be used to find explicitly multi-omics subgraphs which we demonstrate by presenting subgraphs with consistent methylation-transcription patterns. DeRegNet is freely available as open-source software. Conclusion The proposed algorithmic framework and its available implementation can serve as a valuable heuristic hypothesis generation tool contextualizing omics data within biomolecular networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Winkler
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany. .,International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) "From Molecules to Organism", Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Ivana Winkler
- International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) "From Molecules to Organism", Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology (IFIZ), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Figaschewski
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Tiede
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred Nordheim
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology (IFIZ), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Kohlbacher
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Translational Bioinformatics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Possible Impact of LPS and (1→3)-β-D-glucan in Blood from Gut Translocation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071103. [PMID: 35406667 PMCID: PMC8997739 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to limited data on the link between gut barrier defects (leaky gut) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), blood samples of COVID-19 cases—mild (upper respiratory tract symptoms without pneumonia; n = 27), moderate (pneumonia without hypoxia; n = 28), and severe (pneumonia with hypoxia; n = 20)—versus healthy control (n = 15) were evaluated, together with in vitro experiments. Accordingly, neutrophil counts, serum cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), bacteria-free DNA, and NETs parameters (fluorescent-stained nuclear morphology, dsDNA, neutrophil elastase, histone–DNA complex, and myeloperoxidase–DNA complex) were found to differentiate COVID-19 severity, whereas serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BG) was different between the control and COVID-19 cases. Despite non-detectable bacteria-free DNA in the blood of healthy volunteers, using blood bacteriome analysis, proteobacterial DNA was similarly predominant in both control and COVID-19 cases (all severities). In parallel, only COVID-19 samples from moderate and severe cases, but not mild cases, were activated in vitro NETs, as determined by supernatant dsDNA, Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 4, and nuclear morphology. With neutrophil experiments, LPS plus BG (LPS + BG) more prominently induced NETs, cytokines, NFκB, and reactive oxygen species, when compared with the activation by each molecule alone. In conclusion, pathogen molecules (LPS and BG) from gut translocation along with neutrophilia and cytokinemia in COVID-19-activated, NETs-induced hyperinflammation.
Collapse
|
43
|
Mata-Martínez P, Bergón-Gutiérrez M, del Fresno C. Dectin-1 Signaling Update: New Perspectives for Trained Immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:812148. [PMID: 35237264 PMCID: PMC8882614 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.812148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1 was originally described as the β-glucan receptor expressed in myeloid cells, with crucial functions in antifungal responses. However, over time, different ligands both of microbial-derived and endogenous origin have been shown to be recognized by Dectin-1. The outcomes of this recognition are diverse, including pro-inflammatory responses such as cytokine production, reactive oxygen species generation and phagocytosis. Nonetheless, tolerant responses have been also attributed to Dectin-1, depending on the specific ligand engaged. Dectin-1 recognition of their ligands triggers a plethora of downstream signaling pathways, with complex interrelationships. These signaling routes can be modulated by diverse factors such as phosphatases or tetraspanins, resulting either in pro-inflammatory or regulatory responses. Since its first depiction, Dectin-1 has recently gained a renewed attention due to its role in the induction of trained immunity. This process of long-term memory of innate immune cells can be triggered by β-glucans, and Dectin-1 is crucial for its initiation. The main signaling pathways involved in this process have been described, although the understanding of the above-mentioned complexity in the β-glucan-induced trained immunity is still scarce. In here, we have reviewed and updated all these factors related to the biology of Dectin-1, highlighting the gaps that deserve further research. We believe on the relevance to fully understand how this receptor works, and therefore, how we could harness it in different pathological conditions as diverse as fungal infections, autoimmunity, or cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos del Fresno
- Immune response and Immunomodulation Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Robinson G, Pineda-Torra I, Ciurtin C, Jury EC. Lipid metabolism in autoimmune rheumatic disease: implications for modern and conventional therapies. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e148552. [PMID: 35040437 PMCID: PMC8759788 DOI: 10.1172/jci148552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressing inflammation has been the primary focus of therapies in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs), including rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. However, conventional therapies with low target specificity can have effects on cell metabolism that are less predictable. A key example is lipid metabolism; current therapies can improve or exacerbate dyslipidemia. Many conventional drugs also require in vivo metabolism for their conversion into therapeutically beneficial products; however, drug metabolism often involves the additional formation of toxic by-products, and rates of drug metabolism can be heterogeneous between patients. New therapeutic technologies and research have highlighted alternative metabolic pathways that can be more specifically targeted to reduce inflammation but also to prevent undesirable off-target metabolic consequences of conventional antiinflammatory therapies. This Review highlights the role of lipid metabolism in inflammation and in the mechanisms of action of AIRD therapeutics. Opportunities for cotherapies targeting lipid metabolism that could reduce immunometabolic complications and potential increased cardiovascular disease risk in patients with AIRDs are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Robinson
- Centre for Rheumatology Research
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Research, and
| | - Ines Pineda-Torra
- Centre for Cardiometabolic and Vascular Science, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Rheumatology Research
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Research, and
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li XX, Gorman DM, Lee JD, Clark RJ, Woodruff TM. Unexpected Off-Target Activities for Recombinant C5a in Human Macrophages. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:133-142. [PMID: 34853076 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The anaphylatoxin C5a is core effector of complement activation. C5a exerts potent proinflammatory and immunomodulatory actions through interacting with its C5a receptors, C5aR1 and C5aR2, modulating multiple signaling and functional activities of immune cells. Native C5a contains a large N-linked glycosylation site at Asn64, which accounts for up to 25% of its m.w. To date, the vast majority of published studies examining C5a are performed using Escherichia coli-generated recombinant C5a, which is readily available from numerous commercial suppliers, but lacks this glycosylation moiety. However, a plasma-purified "native" form of C5a is also commercially available. The different size and glycosylation of these two C5a versions could have functional implications. Therefore, the current study aimed to compare recombinant human C5a to purified plasma-derived human C5a in driving the signaling and functional activities of human primary macrophages. We found that both versions of C5a displayed similar potencies at triggering C5aR1- and C5aR2-mediated cell signaling, but elicited distinct functional responses in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. Multiple commercial sources of recombinant C5a, but not the plasma-purified or a synthetic C5a version, induced human monocyte-derived macrophages to produce IL-6 and IL-10 in a C5a receptor-independent manner, which was driven through Syk and NF-κB signaling and apparently not due to endotoxin contamination. Our results, therefore, offer caution against the sole use of recombinant human C5a, particularly in functional/cytokine assays conducted in human primary immune cells, and suggest studies using recombinant human C5a should be paired with C5aR1 inhibitors or purified/synthetic human C5a to confirm relevant findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xaria X Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Declan M Gorman
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard J Clark
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Trent M Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
McCreedy DA, Abram CL, Hu Y, Min SW, Platt ME, Kirchhoff MA, Reid SK, Jalufka FL, Lowell CA. Spleen tyrosine kinase facilitates neutrophil activation and worsens long-term neurologic deficits after spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:302. [PMID: 34952603 PMCID: PMC8705173 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury elicits widespread inflammation that can exacerbate long-term neurologic deficits. Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cell type to invade the spinal cord in the early acute phase after injury, however, their role in secondary pathogenesis and functional recovery remains unclear. We have previously shown that neutrophil functional responses during inflammation are augmented by spleen tyrosine kinase, Syk, a prominent intracellular signaling enzyme. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of Syk towards neutrophil function and long-term neurologic deficits after spinal cord injury. Methods Contusive spinal cord injury was performed at thoracic vertebra level 9 in mice with conditional deletion of Syk in neutrophils (Sykf/fMRP8-Cre). Hindlimb locomotor recovery was evaluated using an open-field test for 35 days following spinal cord injury. Long-term white matter sparing was assessed using eriochrome cyanide staining. Blood-spinal cord barrier disruption was evaluated by immunoblotting. Neutrophil infiltration, activation, effector functions, and cell death were determined by flow cytometry. Cytokine and chemokine expression in neutrophils was assessed using a gene array. Results Syk deficiency in neutrophils improved long-term functional recovery after spinal cord injury, but did not promote long-term white matter sparing. Neutrophil activation, cytokine expression, and cell death in the acutely injured spinal cord were attenuated by the genetic loss of Syk while neutrophil infiltration and effector functions were not affected. Acute blood-spinal cord barrier disruption was also unaffected by Syk deficiency in neutrophils. Conclusions Syk facilitates specific neutrophil functional responses to spinal cord injury including activation, cytokine expression, and cell death. Long-term neurologic deficits are exacerbated by Syk signaling in neutrophils independent of acute blood-spinal cord barrier disruption and long-term white matter sparing. These findings implicate Syk in pathogenic neutrophil activities that worsen long-term functional recovery after spinal cord injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan A McCreedy
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Dr, ILSB 3128, College Station, TX, 77843, USA. .,Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Immunology Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Clare L Abram
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Immunology Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Yongmei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Immunology Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Sun Won Min
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Dr, ILSB 3128, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Madison E Platt
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Dr, ILSB 3128, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Megan A Kirchhoff
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Dr, ILSB 3128, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Shelby K Reid
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Frank L Jalufka
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Dr, ILSB 3128, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Immunology Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lee-Sundlov MM, Burns RT, Kim TO, Grozovsky R, Giannini S, Rivadeneyra L, Zheng Y, Glabere SH, Kahr WHA, Abdi R, Despotovic JM, Wang D, Hoffmeister KM. Immune cells surveil aberrantly sialylated O-glycans on megakaryocytes to regulate platelet count. Blood 2021; 138:2408-2424. [PMID: 34324649 PMCID: PMC8662070 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a platelet disorder. Pediatric and adult ITP have been associated with sialic acid alterations, but the pathophysiology of ITP remains elusive, and ITP is often a diagnosis of exclusion. Our analysis of pediatric ITP plasma samples showed increased anti-Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF antigen) antibody representation, suggesting increased exposure of the typically sialylated and cryptic TF antigen in these patients. The O-glycan sialyltransferase St3gal1 adds sialic acid specifically on the TF antigen. To understand if TF antigen exposure associates with thrombocytopenia, we generated a mouse model with targeted deletion of St3gal1 in megakaryocytes (MK) (St3gal1MK-/-). TF antigen exposure was restricted to MKs and resulted in thrombocytopenia. Deletion of Jak3 in St3gal1MK-/- mice normalized platelet counts implicating involvement of immune cells. Interferon-producing Siglec H-positive bone marrow (BM) immune cells engaged with O-glycan sialic acid moieties to regulate type I interferon secretion and platelet release (thrombopoiesis), as evidenced by partially normalized platelet count following inhibition of interferon and Siglec H receptors. Single-cell RNA-sequencing determined that TF antigen exposure by MKs primed St3gal1MK-/- BM immune cells to release type I interferon. Single-cell RNA-sequencing further revealed a new population of immune cells with a plasmacytoid dendritic cell-like signature and concomitant upregulation of the immunoglobulin rearrangement gene transcripts Igkc and Ighm, suggesting additional immune regulatory mechanisms. Thus, aberrant TF antigen moieties, often found in pathological conditions, regulate immune cells and thrombopoiesis in the BM, leading to reduced platelet count.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert T Burns
- Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Taylor O Kim
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Houston, TX
| | - Renata Grozovsky
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Silvia Giannini
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Yongwei Zheng
- Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Simon H Glabere
- Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Walter H A Kahr
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, and
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Jenny M Despotovic
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Houston, TX
| | - Demin Wang
- Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Karin M Hoffmeister
- Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Biochemistry and
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bohländer F, Weißmüller S, Riehl D, Gutscher M, Schüttrumpf J, Faust S. The Functional Role of IgA in the IgM/IgA-Enriched Immunoglobulin Preparation Trimodulin. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1828. [PMID: 34944644 PMCID: PMC8698729 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In comparison to human immunoglobulin (Ig) G, antibodies of IgA class are not well investigated. In line with this, the functional role of the IgA component in IgM/IgA-enriched immunoglobulin preparations is also largely unknown. In recent years, powerful anti-pathogenic and immunomodulatory properties of human serum IgA especially on neutrophil function were unraveled. Therefore, the aim of our work is to investigate functional aspects of the trimodulin IgA component, a new plasma-derived polyvalent immunoglobulin preparation containing ~56% IgG, ~23% IgM and ~21% IgA. The functional role of IgA was investigated by analyzing the interaction of IgA with FcαRI, comparing trimodulin with standard intravenous IgG (IVIG) preparation and investigating Fc receptor (FcR)-dependent functions by excluding IgM-mediated effects. Trimodulin demonstrated potent immunomodulatory, as well as anti-pathogenic effects in our neutrophil model (neutrophil-like HL-60 cells). The IgA component of trimodulin was shown to induce a strong FcαRI-dependent inhibitory immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAMi) signaling, counteract lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and mediate phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus. The fine-tuned balance between immunomodulatory and anti-pathogenic effects of trimodulin were shown to be dose-dependent. Summarized, our data demonstrate the functional role of IgA in trimodulin, highlighting the importance of this immunoglobulin class in immunoglobulin therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bohländer
- Department of Analytical Development and Validation, Biotest AG, Landsteinerstraße 5, 63303 Dreieich, Germany; (F.B.); (D.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Sabrina Weißmüller
- Department of Translational Research, Biotest AG, Landsteinerstraße 5, 63303 Dreieich, Germany;
| | - Dennis Riehl
- Department of Analytical Development and Validation, Biotest AG, Landsteinerstraße 5, 63303 Dreieich, Germany; (F.B.); (D.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcus Gutscher
- Department of Analytical Development and Validation, Biotest AG, Landsteinerstraße 5, 63303 Dreieich, Germany; (F.B.); (D.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Jörg Schüttrumpf
- Corporate R&D, Biotest AG, Landsteinerstraße 5, 63303 Dreieich, Germany;
| | - Stefanie Faust
- Department of Analytical Development and Validation, Biotest AG, Landsteinerstraße 5, 63303 Dreieich, Germany; (F.B.); (D.R.); (M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kim JH, Park JG, Hong YH, Shin KK, Kim JK, Kim YD, Yoon KD, Kim KH, Yoo BC, Sung GH, Cho JY. Sauropus brevipes ethanol extract negatively regulates inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro by targeting Src, Syk and IRAK1. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:74-86. [PMID: 33439064 PMCID: PMC7808742 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1866024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sauropus brevipes Müll. Arg. (Phyllanthaceae) has been used as an effective ingredient in a decoction for the treatment of diarrhoea. However, there was no report on its modulatory role in inflammation. OBJECTIVE This study investigates anti-inflammatory effect of S. brevipes in various inflammation models. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aerial part of S. brevipes was extracted with 95% ethanol to produce Sb-EE. RAW264.7 cells pre-treated with Sb-EE were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and Griess assay and PCR were performed. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, luciferase assay, Western blotting and kinase assay were employed. C57BL/6 mice (10 mice/group) were orally administered with Sb-EE (200 mg/kg) once a day for five days, and peritonitis was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg). ICR mice (four mice/group) were orally administered with Sb-EE (20 or 200 mg/kg) or ranitidine (positive control) twice a day for two days, and EtOH/HCl was orally injected to induce gastritis. RESULTS Sb-EE suppressed nitric oxide (NO) release (IC50=34 µg/mL) without cytotoxicity and contained flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin and kaempferol). Sb-EE (200 µg/mL) reduced the mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Sb-EE blocked the activities of Syk and Src, while inhibiting interleukin-1 receptor associated kinases (IRAK1) by 68%. Similarly, orally administered Sb-EE (200 mg/kg) suppressed NO production by 78% and phosphorylation of Src and Syk in peritonitis mice. Sb-EE also decreased inflammatory lesions in gastritis mice. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the inhibitory effect of Sb-EE on the inflammatory response, suggesting that Sb-EE can be developed as a potential anti-inflammatory agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gwang Park
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon Kuk Shin
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyeong Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Dong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Dong Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Proteomic Analysis Team, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Byong Chul Yoo Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary’s Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- CONTACT Gi-Ho Sung Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary’s Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Jae Youl Cho Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Effective regulation of immune-cell activation is critical for ensuring that the immune response, and inflammation generated for the purpose of pathogen elimination, are limited in space and time to minimize tissue damage. Autoimmune disease can occur when immunoreceptor signaling is dysregulated, leading to unrestrained inflammation and organ damage. Conversely, tumors can coopt the tissue healing and immunosuppressive functions of hematopoietic cells to promote metastasis and evade therapy. The Src-family kinase Lyn is an essential regulator of immunoreceptor signaling, initiating both proinflammatory and suppressive signaling pathways in myeloid immune cells (eg, neutrophils, dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages) and in B lymphocytes. Defects in Lyn signaling are implicated in autoimmune disease, but mechanisms by which Lyn, expressed along with a battery of other Src-family kinases, may uniquely direct both positive and negative signaling remain incompletely defined. This review describes our current understanding of the activating and inhibitory contributions of Lyn to immunoreceptor signaling and how these processes contribute to myeloid and B-cell function. We also highlight recent work suggesting that the 2 proteins generated by alternative splicing of lyn, LynA and LynB, differentially regulate both immune and cancer-cell signaling. These principles may also extend to other Lyn-expressing cells, such as neuronal and endocrine cells. Unraveling the common and cell-specific aspects of Lyn function could lead to new approaches to therapeutically target dysregulated pathways in pathologies ranging from autoimmune and neurogenerative disease to cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben F Brian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Current Affiliation: Current affiliation for B.F.B.: Division of Immunology & Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tanya S Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Correspondence: Tanya S. Freedman, PhD, University of Minnesota Twin Cities Campus: University of Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|