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Chuang YF, Cheng L, Chang WH, Yu SY, Hsu HT, An LM, Yen CH, Chang FR, Lo YC. Spatheliachromen mitigates methylglyoxal-induced myotube atrophy by activating Nrf2, inhibiting ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, and restoring mitochondrial function. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 984:177070. [PMID: 39442745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a potent precursor of glycative stress that leads to oxidative stress and muscle atrophy in diabetes. Spatheliachromen (FPATM-20), derived from Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang, exhibited potential antioxidant activity. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the potential impact and underlying mechanisms of FPATM-20 on MGO-induced myotube atrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse skeletal C2C12 myotubes. METHODS Atrophic and antioxidant factors were evaluated using immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blotting. Mitochondrial function was assessed using the ATP assay and Seahorse Cell Mito Stress Test. The glycogen content was determined using periodic acid-Schiff staining. Molecular docking was performed to determine the interaction between FPATM-20 and Keap1. RESULTS In myotubes treated with MGO, FPATM-20 activated the Nrf2 pathway, reduced ROS levels, enhanced antioxidant defense, and increased glycogen content. FPATM-20 improved myotube viability and size, upregulated myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression, modulated ubiquitin-proteasome molecules (nuclear FoxO3a, atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and p62/SQSTM1), and inhibited apoptosis (Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase 3). Moreover, FPATM-20 restored mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate, and mitochondrial biogenesis pathway (nuclear PGC-1α/TFAM/FNDC5). The inhibition of Nrf2 with ML385 reversed the effects of FPATM-20 on MGO. Furthermore, molecular docking confirmed the binding of FPATM-20 to Keap1, a suppressor of Nrf2, showing the crucial role of Nrf2 in protective effects. CONCLUSIONS FPATM-20 protects myotubes from MGO toxicity by activating the Nrf2 antioxidant defense, reducing protein degradation and apoptosis, and enhancing mitochondrial function. Thus, FPATM-20 may be a novel agent for preventing skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Chuang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yin Yu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hung-Te Hsu
- Department of Anesthesia, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Mei An
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Wen J, Zhang Q, Zhou L. Fluorescent probes for sensing and visualizing methylglyoxal: progress, challenges, and perspectives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:38757-38777. [PMID: 39659598 PMCID: PMC11629108 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra07512a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) plays an important role not only in physiological processes but also in pathological conditions, including diabetes, hypertension, and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, developing accurate quantitative tools for MGO is of great significance for studying pathogenesis. Among the various methods available, the fluorescent probe method has garnered considerable attention due to its noninvasive detection capability, exceptional optical properties, good biocompatibility, and high sensitivity. In this review, we provide a brief overview of recent research on fluorescent probes used for MGO biosensing and bioimaging in living cells, tissues, and animals. Additionally, we summarize the advantages and existing challenges and also discuss future directions for development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan 410125 China
| | - Qingya Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 China
| | - Liyi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 China
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3
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Loos CMM, Zhao S, Li L, Li J, Han W, Vanzant ES, McLeod KR. Essential oil supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and modulates the plasma metabolome of hyperinsulinemic horses. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1444581. [PMID: 39687851 PMCID: PMC11648227 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1444581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of essential oil (EO) supplementation on insulin sensitivity (IS) and the plasma metabolome in insulin dysregulated (ID) horses. Horses were blocked by degree of IS and assigned randomly to treatment: oral daily bolus (50 mL) of either a plant derived EO supplement or carrier (CON). Mares were housed in dry lots with ad libitum access to grass hay and supplemented individually twice daily with a concentrate to meet nutrient requirements for mature horses. Before and after 6 wks of treatment, mares underwent a combined glucose-insulin tolerance test (CGIT) and an oral sugar test (OST) on separate days. Global metabolome analysis was conducted on plasma samples before and after treatment. Although treatment did not affect (p > 0.4) AUC or glucose clearance during CGIT, there was a treatment*covariate interaction (p ≤ 0.08) for insulin concentrations at 75 min (INS75) and positive phase time (PT) with EO decreasing both INS75 (p ≤ 0.002) and PT (p = 0.05) in horses with more severe initial degree of ID. Similarly, EO treatment reduced (p ≤ 0.006) insulinemic response to the OST in horses exhibiting higher pre-treatment responses (treatment*covariate, p = 0.004). There were 702 metabolites identified that were uniquely changed with EO treatment. Pathway analysis and biomarkers showed EO-mediated changes in amino acid, linoleic acid, mesaconic acid, TCA-cyle intermediates and bile acid metabolism. The directional changes in these pathways or biomarkers are consistent with changes in inulin sensitivity in other models. These data show that EO shifted the plasma metabolome and improved insulin sensitivity in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. M. Loos
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Shuang Zhao
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre and Chemistry Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Liang Li
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre and Chemistry Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Janet Li
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre and Chemistry Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Wei Han
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre and Chemistry Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Eric S. Vanzant
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Kyle R. McLeod
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Kondo H, Fujino H. Methylglyoxal reduces resistance exercise-induced protein synthesis and anabolic signaling in rat tibialis anterior muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2024; 45:263-273. [PMID: 39085712 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-024-09680-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Resistance exercise provides significant benefits to skeletal muscle, including hypertrophy and metabolic enhancements, supporting overall health and disease management. However, skeletal muscle responsiveness to resistance exercise is significantly reduced in conditions such as aging and diabetes. Recent reports suggest that glycation stress contributes to muscle atrophy and impaired exercise-induced muscle adaptation; however, its role in the muscle response to resistance exercise remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether methylglyoxal (MGO), a key factor in glycation stress, affects the acute responsiveness of skeletal muscles to resistance exercise, focusing on protein synthesis and the key signaling molecules. This study included 12 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into two groups: one received 0.5% MGO-supplemented drinking water (MGO group) and the other received regular water (control group). After 10 weeks, the left tibialis anterior muscle of each rat was subjected to electrical stimulation (ES) to mimic resistance exercise, with the right muscle serving as a non-stimulated control. Muscle protein-synthesis rates were evaluated with SUnSET, and phosphorylation levels of key signaling molecules (p70S6K and S6rp) were quantified using western blotting. In the control group, stimulated muscles exhibited significantly increased muscle protein synthesis and phosphorylation levels of p70S6K and S6rp. In the MGO group, these increases were attenuated, indicating that MGO treatment suppresses the adaptive response to resistance exercise. MGO diminishes the skeletal muscle's adaptive response to ES-simulated resistance exercise, affecting both muscle protein synthesis and key signaling molecules. The potential influence of glycation stress on the effectiveness of resistance exercise or ES emphasizes the need for individualized interventions in conditions of elevated glycation stress, such as diabetes and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama Healthcare Professional University, 3-2-18 Daiku, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-0913, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Human Sciences, Osaka University of Human Sciences, 1-4-1 Shojaku, Settsu-shi, Osaka, 566-8501, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Miho Kanazashi
- Department of Health and Welfare, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 1-1 Gakuen- cho, Mihara-shi, Hiroshima, 723-0053, Japan.
| | - Hiroyo Kondo
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Shubun University, 6 Nikko-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi, 491- 0938, Japan
| | - Hidemi Fujino
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan
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Yang Z, Huang C, Huang W, Yan C, Wen X, Hu D, Xie H, He K, Tsang CK, Li K. Exacerbated ischemic brain damage in type 2 diabetes via methylglyoxal-mediated miR-148a-3p decline. BMC Med 2024; 22:557. [PMID: 39593147 PMCID: PMC11590287 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although microvascular dysfunction is a widespread phenomenon in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is recognized as a main cause of T2D-aggravated ischemic stroke injury, the underlying mechanisms by which T2D-mediated exacerbation of cerebral damage after ischemic stroke is still largely uncharacterized. Here, we found that methylglyoxal-mediated miR-148a-3p decline can trigger blood-brain barrier dysfunction, thereby exacerbating cerebrovascular injury in diabetic stroke. METHODS Using T2D models generated with streptozotocin plus a high-fat diet or db/db mice, and then inducing focal ischemic stroke through middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R), we established a diabetic stroke mouse model. RNA-sequencing was applied to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs in peri-cerebral infarction of diabetic stroke mice. RT-qPCR confirmed the potential miRNA in the plasma of ischemic stroke patients with or without T2D. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to image the localization of the miRNA. Brain pathology was analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging, laser-Doppler flowmetry, and transmission electron microscope in diabetic stroke mice. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS miR-148a-3p level was downregulated in the peri-infarct cortex of stroke mice and this downregulation was even more enhanced in diabetic stroke mice. A similar decrease in miR-148a-3p expression was also confirmed in the plasma of ischemic stroke patients with T2D compared to patients with ischemic stroke only. This miR-148a-3p downregulation intensified the severity of BBB damage, infarct size, and neurological function impairment caused by stroke. Notably, the reduction in miR-148a-3p levels was primarily triggered by methylglyoxal, a toxic byproduct of glucose metabolism commonly associated with T2D. Furthermore, methylglyoxal somewhat replicated the influence of T2D in exacerbating BBB damage and increasing infarct size caused by ischemia. Mechanistically, we found that downregulation of miR-148a-3p de-repressed SMAD2 and activated matrix metalloproteinase 9 signaling pathway, promoting blood-brain barrier impairment, and exacerbating the cerebral ischemic injury. CONCLUSIONS Blood-brain barrier damage caused by methylglyoxal-mediated miR-148a-3p downregulation may provide a novel target for the therapeutic intervention for the treatment of stroke patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Yang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xueyi Wen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hesong Xie
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Kejing He
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chi Kwan Tsang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Keshen Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Ho CN, Ayers AT, Beisswenger P, Chalew S, Schmidt AM, Pandey A, Kapahi P, Fleming A, Klonoff DC. Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) Webinar Meeting Report. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2024:19322968241296541. [PMID: 39508279 PMCID: PMC11571634 DOI: 10.1177/19322968241296541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2024]
Abstract
The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) Webinar was co-hosted by Diabetes Technology Society and Kitalys Institute on August 8, 2024, with the goal of reviewing progress made in the measurement and use of AGEs in clinical practice. Meeting topics included (1) AGEs as predictors of diabetic nephropathy (DKD), (2) hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and the glycation gap (GG), (3) formation and structure of AGEs, (4) AGEs as a risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and (5) approaches to limit or prevent AGE formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy N. Ho
- Diabetes Technology Society, Burlingame, CA, USA
| | | | - Paul Beisswenger
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Journey Biosciences, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stuart Chalew
- Section Pediatric Endocrinology/Diabetes, School of Medicine, LSU Health, The Children’s Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Division of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Pankaj Kapahi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- Juvify Bio, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Fleming
- Kinexum, Harpers Ferry, WV, USA
- Kitalys Institute, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - David C. Klonoff
- Diabetes Research Institute, Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, San Mateo, CA, USA
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Jiang W, Ma X, Li B, Jiang T, Jiang H, Chen W, Gao J, Mao Y, Sun X, Ye Z, Zhao S, Huang S, Chen Y. Role of the PGAM5-CypD mitochondrial pathway in methylglyoxal-induced bone loss in diabetic osteoporosis. Bone 2024; 190:117322. [PMID: 39510433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Revised: 10/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is a skeletal complication with a high rate of disability. It results in a great burden to the patient's family and society. Methylglyoxal (MG) is a toxic by-product of the glycolytic process that occurs during diabetic conditions. It causes osteoblastic injury and con-tributes to the initiation and development of DOP. Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis has been implicated as a cause of dysregulated osteo-blastogenesis, an essential step in bone formation. It is unclear whether mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in MG-induced osteoblast dysfunction. In this study, we showed that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to MG-induced MC3T3-E1 cell apoptosis and impaired differentiation. A significant reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP production occurred in MG-induced osteoblasts as well as increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and intracellular Ca2+. Classical antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction as well as osteoblast apoptosis and osteogenic differentiation damage induced by MG. More importantly, we found that activating phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (PGAM5) and cyclophilin D (CypD), which contributes to mitochondrial homeostasis, is involved in MG-induced osteoblast injury. Both PGAM5 and CypD knockdown effectively reversed osteoblast viability and function, whereas PGAM5 or CypD overexpression aggravated osteoblast injury caused by MG. Moreover, the result of co-transfection revealed that PGAM5 is an upstream signaling molecule of CypD. By constructing type I diabetes mouse models, we further found that the expression of PGAM5 and CypD were both increased in the femur along with a reduction of ATP and increased TUNEL-positive cells. These results, for the first time, suggest that MG-induced mitochondrial dysfunction induces osteoblast injury through the PGAM5-CypD pathway. This study provides insight into the prevention and treatment of DOP. LAY SUMMARY: This study highlights the role of mitochondria in regulating osteoblast viability and function under conditions of diabetic osteoporosis (DOP). We found that the PGAM5-CypD mitochondrial pathway is activated following glycolytic by-product methylglyoxal (MG) treatment, which contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and osteogenic dysfunction. This mechanism implicates mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Jiang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xinyi Ma
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Tianle Jiang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Haopu Jiang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Wenxia Chen
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jia Gao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yixin Mao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Zhou Ye
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shufan Zhao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China.
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, China.
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Thomas LA, Hopkinson RJ. The biochemistry of the carcinogenic alcohol metabolite acetaldehyde. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 144:103782. [PMID: 39566398 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024]
Abstract
Acetaldehyde (AcH) is the first metabolite of ethanol and is proposed to be responsible for the genotoxic effects of alcohol consumption. As an electrophilic aldehyde, AcH can form multiple adducts with DNA and other biomolecules, leading to function-altering and potentially toxic and carcinogenic effects. In this review, we describe sources of AcH in humans, including AcH biosynthesis mechanisms, and outline the structures, properties and functions of AcH-derived adducts with biomolecules. We also describe human AcH detoxification mechanisms and discuss ongoing challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam A Thomas
- Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Richard J Hopkinson
- Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
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Klochkov V, Chan CM, Lin WW. Methylglyoxal: A Key Factor for Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Effects on Retinal Damage. Biomedicines 2024; 12:2512. [PMID: 39595078 PMCID: PMC11592103 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12112512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Revised: 10/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the most common retinal vascular disease, affecting the retina's blood vessels and causing chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and, ultimately, vision loss. Diabetes-induced elevated glucose levels increase glycolysis, the main methylglyoxal (MGO) formation pathway. MGO is a highly reactive dicarbonyl and the most rapid glycation compound to form endogenous advanced glycation end products (AGEs). MGO can act both intra- and extracellularly by glycating molecules and activating the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) pathway. Conclusions: This review summarizes the sources of MGO formation and its actions on various cell pathways in retinal cells such as oxidative stress, glycation, autophagy, ER stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, the detoxification of MGO by glyoxalases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladlen Klochkov
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan
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Zheng Y, Wang L, Wu J, Xiang L, Gao Y, Chen H, Sun H, Pan Y, Zhao H. Integrated non-targeted metabolomics and lipidomics reveal mechanisms of fluorotelomer sulfonates-induced toxicity in human hepatocytes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 193:109092. [PMID: 39486253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/04/2024]
Abstract
Fluorotelomer sulfonates (FTSs) are widely used as novel substitutes for perfluorooctane sulfonate, inevitably leading to FTSs accumulation in various environmental media and subsequent exposure to humans. This accumulation eventually poses environmental hazards and health risks. However, their toxicity mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, the mechanisms of two FTSs (6:2 and 8:2 FTS) induced toxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells were investigated via non-targeted metabolomics and lipidomics based on liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Our results revealed that amino acid, purine, acylcarnitine and lipid levels were significantly perturbed by 6:2 and 8:2 FTS exposure. The effects of 8:2 FTS exposure were largely characterized by up-regulation of pyruvate metabolism pathway and down-regulation of purine metabolism pathway, whereas the opposite trends were induced by 6:2 FTS exposure. The opposite trends were confirmed by the mRNA expression levels of four key genes (glyoxalase 1, adenylosuccinate lyase, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 (IMPDH1) and IMPDH2) determined by real-time PCR. Common lipid perturbations included significantly increased ceramide/sphingomyelin ratios, and obvious accumulation of hexosylceramides and lysoglycerophospholipids. 6:2 FTS exposure induced sharp accumulation of glycerides, including monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides. 8:2 FTS exposure induced decreased levels of acylcarnitines and fatty acids. Both of 6:2 and 8:2 FTS exposure induced increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, an imbalance in energy metabolism homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The results of integrated omics analysis are expected to serve as valuable information for the health risk assessment of 6:2 FTS and 8:2 FTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianing Wu
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yafei Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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11
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Berends E, Pencheva MG, van de Waarenburg MPH, Scheijen JLJM, Hermes DJHP, Wouters K, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Foulquier S, Schalkwijk CG. Glyoxalase 1 overexpression improves neurovascular coupling and limits development of mild cognitive impairment in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. J Physiol 2024; 602:6209-6223. [PMID: 39316027 DOI: 10.1113/jp286723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a precursor to advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), is elevated in diabetes and linked to microvascular dysfunction. In this study, overexpression of the MGO-detoxifying enzyme glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) was used in a mouse model of diabetes to explore whether MGO accumulation in diabetes causes cognitive impairment. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin. Fasting blood glucose, cognitive function, cerebral blood flow, neurovascular coupling (NVC), Glo1 activity, MGO and AGEs were assessed. In diabetes, MGO-derived hydroimidazolone-1 increased in the cortex, and was decreased in Glo1-overexpressing mice compared to controls. Visuospatial memory was decreased in diabetes, but not in Glo1/diabetes. NVC response time was slightly increased in diabetes, and normalised in the Glo1-overexpressing group. No impact of diabetes or Glo1 overexpression on blood-brain barrier integrity or vascular density was observed. Diabetes induced a mild visuospatial memory impairment and slightly reduced NVC response speed and these effects were mitigated by Glo1. This study shows a link between MGO-related AGE accumulation and cerebrovascular/cognitive functions in diabetes. Modulation of the MGO-Glo1 pathway may be a novel intervention strategy in patients with diabetes who have cerebrovascular complications. KEY POINTS: Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of stroke, cognitive decline, depression and Alzheimer's disease, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive by-product of glycolysis, plays an important role in the development of diabetes-associated microvascular dysfunction in the periphery and is detoxified by the enzyme glyoxalase 1. Diabetes reduced visuospatial memory in mice and slowed the neurovascular coupling response speed, which was improved by overexpression of glyoxalase 1. MGO formation and MGO-derived advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) accumulation in the brain of diabetic mice are associated with a slight reduction in neurovascular coupling and mild cognitive impairment. The endogenous formation of MGO, and the accumulation of MGO-derived AGEs, might be a potential target in reducing the risk of vascular cognitive impairment in people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Berends
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Margarita G Pencheva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo P H van de Waarenburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jean L J M Scheijen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Denise J H P Hermes
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychiatry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- MHeNs, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kristiaan Wouters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J van Oostenbrugge
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- MHeNs, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sébastien Foulquier
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- MHeNs, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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12
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Dabertrand F. Sweet relief: make the brain Glo against diabetic cognitive fog. J Physiol 2024; 602:5983-5984. [PMID: 39405447 PMCID: PMC11576228 DOI: 10.1113/jp287622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 11/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Dabertrand
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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13
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Akbari MS, Joyce LR, Spencer BL, Brady A, McIver KS, Doran KS. Identification of Glyoxalase A in Group B Streptococcus and its contribution to methylglyoxal tolerance and virulence. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.30.605887. [PMID: 39131367 PMCID: PMC11312555 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.30.605887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a Gram-positive pathobiont that commonly colonizes the gastrointestinal and lower female genital tracts but can cause sepsis and pneumonia in newborns and is a leading cause of neonatal meningitis. Despite the resulting disease severity, the pathogenesis of GBS is not completely understood, especially during the early phases of infection. To investigate GBS factors necessary for blood stream survival, we performed a transposon (Tn) mutant screen in our bacteremia infection model using a GBS mariner transposon mutant library previously developed by our group. We identified significantly underrepresented mutations in 539 genes that contribute to survival in the blood, including those encoding known virulence factors such as capsule, the β-hemolysin, and inorganic metal ion transport systems. Most of the underrepresented genes have not been previously characterized or studied in GBS, including gloA and gloB, which are homologs for genes involved in methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification. MG is a byproduct of glycolysis and a highly reactive toxic aldehyde that is elevated in immune cells during infection. Here, we observed MG sensitivity across multiple GBS isolates and confirm that gloA contributes to MG tolerance and invasive GBS infection. We show specifically that gloA contributes to GBS survival in the presence of neutrophils and depleting neutrophils in mice abrogates the decreased survival and infection of the gloA mutant. The requirement of the glyoxalase pathway during GBS infection suggests that MG detoxification is important for bacterial survival during host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline S. Akbari
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado USA
| | - Luke R. Joyce
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado USA
| | - Brady L. Spencer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado USA
| | - Amanda Brady
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado USA
| | - Kevin S. McIver
- Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland USA
| | - Kelly S. Doran
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado USA
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Yu X, Xu L, Su C, Wang C, Wang Z, Wang Y, Lu X, Sun H. Luteolin Protects against Vascular Calcification by Modulating SIRT1/CXCR4 Signaling Pathway and Promoting Autophagy. AAPS J 2024; 26:111. [PMID: 39438407 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a common pathological manifestation of atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes vascular disease, vascular injury, chronic kidney disease and aging, which is mainly manifested as increased stiffness of the vascular wall. Oxidative stress and autophagy dysfunction are key factors in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification, but the specific mechanisms and the therapeutic strategy of vascular calcification have not been clarified. In the present study, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was screened as the therapeutic targets for vascular calcification by the bioinformatics. SIRT1 is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which plays an important role in inhibiting oxidative stress and promoting autophagy. Luteolin (LUT), a kind of natural tetrahydroxyl flavonoid, exists in many plants and has many pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis. We have reported that luteolin has certain anti-osteoporosis effects in the previous study, and it is accepted that the development of vascular calcification is similar to bone formation, indicating that luteolin may also resist vascular calcification. And luteolin is known to activate SIRT1 to some extent. Moreover, the molecular docking analysis predicted that SIRT1 could bind directly to luteolin. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential role of luteolin in inhibiting oxidative stress and promoting autophagy during vascular calcification via modulating SIRT1 expression. The results showed that luteolin significantly improved vascular calcification induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and vitamin D3 in rats in vivo. In addition, luteolin significantly repressed the formation of mineralized nodules and ALP activity in H2O2-treated A7r5 cells. Luteolin reduced the level of MDA, LDH and ROS generation, inhibited the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, β-catenin and BMP-2 in the aortic tissue of the rat and rat smooth muscle cells (A7r5) treated with hydrogen peroxide. At the same time, luteolin could promote the expression of autophagy related proteins. Moreover, luteolin also produced effects to increase the protein expression levels of SIRT1 more than 2 times both in vivo and in vitro. In terms of mechanism, luteolin attenuated vascular calcification by inhibiting oxidative stress and improving autophagy level, via modulating SIRT1 / CXCR4 signaling pathway. In conclusion, this experiment for the first time revealed that LUT protected against VC via modulating SIRT1 / CXCR4 signaling pathway to promote autophagy and inhibit vascular calcification and may be developed as a new therapeutic agent for vascular calcification and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Office of Ethics Committee, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Ce Su
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zimeng Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yanna Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, China.
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15
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Wu B, Zhang B, Li B, Wu H, Jiang M. Cold and hot tumors: from molecular mechanisms to targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:274. [PMID: 39420203 PMCID: PMC11491057 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has made significant strides in cancer treatment, particularly through immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), which has shown notable clinical benefits across various tumor types. Despite the transformative impact of ICB treatment in cancer therapy, only a minority of patients exhibit a positive response to it. In patients with solid tumors, those who respond well to ICB treatment typically demonstrate an active immune profile referred to as the "hot" (immune-inflamed) phenotype. On the other hand, non-responsive patients may exhibit a distinct "cold" (immune-desert) phenotype, differing from the features of "hot" tumors. Additionally, there is a more nuanced "excluded" immune phenotype, positioned between the "cold" and "hot" categories, known as the immune "excluded" type. Effective differentiation between "cold" and "hot" tumors, and understanding tumor intrinsic factors, immune characteristics, TME, and external factors are critical for predicting tumor response and treatment results. It is widely accepted that ICB therapy exerts a more profound effect on "hot" tumors, with limited efficacy against "cold" or "altered" tumors, necessitating combinations with other therapeutic modalities to enhance immune cell infiltration into tumor tissue and convert "cold" or "altered" tumors into "hot" ones. Therefore, aligning with the traits of "cold" and "hot" tumors, this review systematically delineates the respective immune characteristics, influencing factors, and extensively discusses varied treatment approaches and drug targets based on "cold" and "hot" tumors to assess clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Youth League Committee, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Haoqi Wu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Meixi Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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16
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Berends E, Vangrieken P, Amiri N, van de Waarenburg MPH, Scheijen JLJM, Hermes DJHP, Wouters K, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Schalkwijk CG, Foulquier S. Increased Levels of Circulating Methylglyoxal Have No Consequence for Cerebral Microvascular Integrity and Cognitive Function in Young Healthy Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04552-3. [PMID: 39414727 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes and other age-related diseases are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a by-product of glycolysis and a major precursor in the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), is increased in individuals with diabetes and other age-related diseases and is associated with microvascular dysfunction. We now investigated whether increased levels of circulating MGO can lead to cerebral microvascular dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. Mice were supplemented or not with 50 mM MGO in drinking water for 13 weeks. Plasma and cortical MGO and MGO-derived AGEs were measured with UPLC-MS/MS. Peripheral and cerebral microvascular integrity and inflammation were investigated. Cerebral blood flow and neurovascular coupling were investigated with laser speckle contrast imaging, and cognitive tests were performed. We found a 2-fold increase in plasma MGO and an increase in MGO-derived AGEs in plasma and cortex. Increased plasma MGO did not lead to cerebral microvascular dysfunction, inflammation, or cognitive decline. This study shows that increased concentrations of plasma MGO are not associated with cerebral microvascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment in healthy mice. Future research should focus on the role of endogenously formed MGO in cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Berends
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Philippe Vangrieken
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Naima Amiri
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo P H van de Waarenburg
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jean L J M Scheijen
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Denise J H P Hermes
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychiatry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- MHeNs, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kristiaan Wouters
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J van Oostenbrugge
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- MHeNs, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sébastien Foulquier
- CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- MHeNs, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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17
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Flores-López LA, De la Mora-De la Mora I, Malagón-Reyes CM, García-Torres I, Martínez-Pérez Y, López-Herrera G, Hernández-Alcántara G, León-Avila G, López-Velázquez G, Olaya-Vargas A, Gómez-Manzo S, Enríquez-Flores S. Selective Inhibition of Deamidated Triosephosphate Isomerase by Disulfiram, Curcumin, and Sodium Dichloroacetate: Synergistic Therapeutic Strategies for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Jurkat Cells. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1295. [PMID: 39456228 PMCID: PMC11506356 DOI: 10.3390/biom14101295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Revised: 10/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a challenging childhood cancer to treat, with limited therapeutic options and high relapse rates. This study explores deamidated triosephosphate isomerase (dTPI) as a novel therapeutic target. We hypothesized that selectively inhibiting dTPI could reduce T-ALL cell viability without affecting normal T lymphocytes. Computational modeling and recombinant enzyme assays revealed that disulfiram (DS) and curcumin (CU) selectively bind and inhibit dTPI activity without affecting the non-deamidated enzyme. At the cellular level, treatment with DS and CU significantly reduced Jurkat T-ALL cell viability and endogenous TPI enzymatic activity, with no effect on normal T lymphocytes, whereas the combination of sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) with DS or CU showed synergistic effects. Furthermore, we demonstrated that dTPI was present and accumulated only in Jurkat cells, confirming our hypothesis. Finally, flow cytometry confirmed apoptosis in Jurkat cells after treatment with DS and CU or their combination with DCA. These findings strongly suggest that targeting dTPI represents a promising and selective target for T-ALL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Flores-López
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, CONAHCYT-Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Ignacio De la Mora-De la Mora
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (I.D.l.M.-D.l.M.); (I.G.-T.); (G.L.-V.)
| | - Claudia M. Malagón-Reyes
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, (Maestría), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Itzhel García-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (I.D.l.M.-D.l.M.); (I.G.-T.); (G.L.-V.)
| | - Yoalli Martínez-Pérez
- Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México, Mexico City 14380, Mexico;
| | - Gabriela López-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico;
| | - Gloria Hernández-Alcántara
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-159, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Gloria León-Avila
- Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Casco de Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - Gabriel López-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (I.D.l.M.-D.l.M.); (I.G.-T.); (G.L.-V.)
| | - Alberto Olaya-Vargas
- Trasplante de Células Madre y Terapia Celular, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico;
| | - Saúl Gómez-Manzo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Enríquez-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (I.D.l.M.-D.l.M.); (I.G.-T.); (G.L.-V.)
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18
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Jensen SJ, Cuthbert BJ, Garza-Sánchez F, Helou CC, de Miranda R, Goulding CW, Hayes CS. Advanced glycation end-product crosslinking activates a type VI secretion system phospholipase effector protein. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8804. [PMID: 39394186 PMCID: PMC11470151 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGE) are a pervasive form of protein damage implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Glycation is typically mediated by reactive dicarbonyl compounds that accumulate in all cells as toxic byproducts of glucose metabolism. Here, we show that AGE crosslinking is harnessed to activate an antibacterial phospholipase effector protein deployed by the type VI secretion system of Enterobacter cloacae. Endogenous methylglyoxal reacts with a specific arginine-lysine pair to tether the N- and C-terminal α-helices of the phospholipase domain. Substitutions at these positions abrogate both crosslinking and toxic phospholipase activity, but in vitro enzyme function can be restored with an engineered disulfide that covalently links the N- and C-termini. Thus, AGE crosslinking serves as a bona fide post-translation modification to stabilize phospholipase structure. Given the ubiquity of methylglyoxal in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, these findings suggest that glycation may be exploited more generally to stabilize other proteins. This alternative strategy to fortify tertiary structure could be particularly advantageous in the cytoplasm, where redox potentials preclude disulfide bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Jensen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA
| | - Bonnie J Cuthbert
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA
| | - Fernando Garza-Sánchez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA
| | - Colette C Helou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA
| | - Rodger de Miranda
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA
| | - Celia W Goulding
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA
| | - Christopher S Hayes
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA.
- Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA.
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19
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Hanna GS, Findlay VJ, Turner DP, Hamann MT. Quantitative NMR Analysis of Marine Macroalgae for AGE Inhibition by Methylglyoxal Scavenging. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:21905-21911. [PMID: 39298668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) induce a fundamental form of biological stress that has driven the evolution of diverse mechanisms for minimizing its impact on organismal health. The complications that accompany uncontrolled hyperglycemia exemplify the health implications when RCS stress exceeds the body's capacity to prevent the excessive formation of advanced glycation end-products. Presented here is a novel quantitative NMR (qNMR) technique for evaluating scavengers of the prominent sugar-derived carbonyl methylglyoxal (MGO). This tool was employed to screen the chemical diversity of marine macroalgae extracts, with a focus on species that have a history of consumption by the World's healthiest populations and are subject to global scale aquacultural production. Fucus vesiculosus demonstrated the highest capacity for inhibiting glycation and scavenging MGO. Additionally, the Chondrus cripsus, Gracilaria vermiculophyla, and Gracilaria tikvahiae extracts had a high capacity for scavenging MGO, representing the first report of this activity. This new qNMR methodology presented is highly applicable for screening extracts and compounds from diverse sources, and the results highlight the potential of macroalgae extracts to be employed as RCS and AGE targeting therapeutics and food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S Hanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
- Department of Public Health, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Victoria J Findlay
- Department of Surgery, Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - David P Turner
- Department of Surgery, Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
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20
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Zhao X, Schalkwijk C, Kroon A, Schram MT, Stehouwer C, Houben A. Different Measures of Hyperglycemia Are Negatively Associated With Skin Microvascular Flowmotion: The Maastricht Study. Microcirculation 2024; 31:e12882. [PMID: 39171989 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes can lead to microvascular complications such as diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Hyperglycemia may initiate microvascular function impairment early in the course of diabetes, even prior to its clinical establishment during the pre-diabetes stage. Microvascular vasomotion, that is, the rhythmic arteriolar constriction and dilation, is an important function that regulates oxygen and nutrient delivery within the tissue and regulates peripheral resistance. Using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), vasomotion in skin microcirculation can be measured as flowmotion. Changes in flowmotion have been shown in individuals with obesity, and type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, no data are available on associations between hyperglycemia and flowmotion in the general population. Our aim was to study whether measures of hyperglycemia were associated with different components of skin microvascular flowmotion (SMF) in a population-based cohort (The Maastricht Study). METHODS Data from 7293 participants of The Maastricht Study were used. SMF was measured using LDF. Endothelial, neurogenic and myogenic component SMF power were used as dependent variables. We investigated the associations of glucose metabolism status (normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus), measures of hyperglycemia (fasting plasma glucose [FPG], 2-h post-load glucose [2 h-PG], HbA1c, advanced glycation end-products [AGEs] assessed as skin autofluorescence [SAF]), and indices of glucose variability (incremental glucose peak [IGP] and continuous glucose monitoring [CGM] -assessed as standard deviation [SD]) with each component of SMF power. We used linear regression analyses with adjustments for confounders, and trend analyses. RESULTS We observed consistent negative associations between HbA1c levels and all three (endothelial, neurogenic, and myogenic) skin microvascular flowmotion (SMF) powers in the additionally adjusted model. Similarly, in the conservative model, we found that multiple hyperglycemia metrics such as GMS trend, PreD, T2DM, FPG, 2 h-PG, and HbA1c were consistently negatively associated with all three SMF powers. CONCLUSIONS We showed that skin microvascular flowmotion is reduced in individuals with (pre)diabetes. In addition, different measures of hyperglycemia are negatively associated with skin microvascular flowmotion.
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Grants
- OP-Zuid, the Province of Limburg, the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (grant 31O.041), Stichting De Weijerhorst (Maastricht, the Netherlands), the Pearl String Initiative Diabetes (Amsterdam, the Netherlands), the Cardiovascular Center (CVC, Maastricht, the Netherlands), CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases (Maastricht, the Netherlands), CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care (Maastricht, the Netherlands), NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (Maa
- X.Zhao is supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council (202009120014)
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Schalkwijk
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Kroon
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M T Schram
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Heart and Vascular Center, MUMC+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Stehouwer
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Houben
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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21
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Qiang X, Liang S, Lv Y, Wang X, Zhang H, Zhan J. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) impair the intestinal epithelial barrier via STAT3 activation mediated by macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 192:114966. [PMID: 39197527 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a spectrum of complex compounds widely found in processed foods and frequently consumed by humans. AGEs are implicated in impairing the intestinal barrier, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of three types of AGEs on gene expression of tight junctions (TJs) in colorectal epithelial HT-29 cells, and observed minimal alterations in TJs expression. Given the important role of subepithelial macrophages in regulating the intestinal barrier, we explored whether AGEs affect the intestinal barrier via the involvement of macrophages. Notably, a significant downregulation of TJs expression was observed when supernatants from AGEs-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells were transferred to HT-29 cells. Further investigations indicated that AGEs increased IL-6 levels in RAW264.7 cells, subsequently triggering STAT3 activation and suppressing TJs expression in HT-29 cells. The role of STAT3 activation was confirmed by observing enhanced TJs expression in HT-29 cells following pretreatment with an inhibitor of STAT3 activation prior to the transfer of the conditioned medium. These findings demonstrated that AGEs impaired the intestinal barrier via macrophage-mediated STAT3 activation, shedding light on the mechanisms underlying AGEs-induced intestinal barrier injury and related food safety risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shumin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yinchuan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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22
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Chen SY, Chiang IC, Chen YY, Hsu YH, Yen GC. Recent advances in the potential of Phyllanthus emblica L. and its related foods for combating metabolic diseases through methylglyoxal trapping. Food Res Int 2024; 194:114907. [PMID: 39232532 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) serves as the primary precursor for the nonenzymatic glycation of proteins and DNA, leading to advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Regular intake of dietary MG is strongly correlated with low-grade inflammation, potentially accelerating the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cancers, liver diseases, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular diseases, aging, and bone loss. Although pharmaceutical agents (pimagedine and candesartan) have been developed to inhibit MG formation, they often come with serious side effects (nausea, diarrhea, headache, gastrointestinal disturbance, symptomatic hypotension, abnormal renal and liver function tests, development of antinuclear antibody, pernicious-like anemia, and hyperkalemia), highlighting the need for an efficient and safe approach to scavenging MG. Phyllanthus emblica Linn fruit, a nutritious edible fruit, and medicinal plant contains over 300 bioactive compounds. Among twenty-three herbals, 100 μg/mL of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus emblica fruit (APF) exhibits the highest potency in trapping MG, achieving an 87.3 % reduction under d-fructose induced BSA-AGEs formation. However, there are few reports detailing APF and its related foods' specific impact on disease prevention through MG trapping. This review summarizes the mechanisms through which MG is linked to the development of metabolic diseases and provides several strategies for reducing MG levels using APF and its bioactive compounds. The potential antiglycation properties of APF may offer new applications in the food industry and pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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23
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Wan R, Zhou J, Mao R, Zheng Y, Zhou F, Pan L, Hong Y, Jin L, Li S, Zhu C. Methylglyoxal induces endothelial cell apoptosis and coronary microvascular dysfunction through regulating AR-cPLA 2 signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167437. [PMID: 39067539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since diabetic patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) exhibit high cardiac mortality and women have higher prevalence of non-obstructive coronary artery disease than men, we tried to expand the limited understanding about the etiology and the sex difference of diabetic CMD. APPROACH AND RESULTS Accumulated methylglyoxal (MGO) due to diabetes promotes vascular damage and it was used for mimicking diabetic status. Flow cytometry analysis and isometric tension measurement were performed to evaluate coronary artery endothelial injury. MGO induced apoptosis of coronary endothelial cells, accompanied by downregulation of androgen receptor (AR). Lentivirus-mediated stable expression of AR in coronary endothelial cells increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression and attenuated MGO-induced cell apoptosis. cPLA2 activation was the downstream of AR downregulation by MGO treatment. Moreover, MGO also activated cPLA2 rapidly to impair endothelium-dependent vasodilation of coronary arteries from mice. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction was demonstrated to account for MGO-mediated cPLA2 activation and endothelial dysfunction. Importantly, AR blockade increased endothelial ROS production whereas AR activation protected coronary artery endothelial vasodilatory function from the MGO-induced injury. Although galectin-3 upregulation was confirmed by siRNA knockdown in endothelial cells not to participate in MGO-induced endothelial apoptosis, pharmacological inhibitor of galectin-3 further enhanced MGO-triggered ROS generation and coronary artery endothelial impairment. CONCLUSIONS Our data proposed the AR downregulation-ROS overproduction-cPLA2 activation pathway as one of the mechanisms underlying diabetic CMD and postulated a possible reason for the sex difference of CMD-related angina. Meanwhile, MGO-induced galectin-3 activation played a compensatory role against coronary endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Rongchen Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuhan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Feier Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lihua Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yali Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lai Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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24
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Ruzic M, Hefferan AIA, Conaway A, Hogan DA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasR-deficient mutants have increased methylglyoxal and hydrogen peroxide sensitivity due to low intracellular glutathione. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.25.615034. [PMID: 39386711 PMCID: PMC11463435 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.25.615034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
The electrophile methylglyoxal (MG) is produced by microorganisms and host cells through central metabolic pathways. MG is a highly reactive electrophile, so it must be rapidly detoxified to prevent damaging modifications to macromolecules. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen of concern due to its ability develop multidrug resistance, causes many types of infections that have been associated with elevated MG levels, including cystic fibrosis (CF). P. aeruginosa isolates commonly have mutations that lead to LasR loss-of-function (LasR-) and we found that lasR mutations confer sensitivity to MG in multiple strain backgrounds. LasR- strains have increased activity of the CbrAB two-component system which represses Crc regulation of metabolism. Here, we show that higher CbrAB activity and low Crc activity renders cells sensitive to MG. We found that P. aeruginosa LasR- strains are more sensitive to MG and have lower intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) compared to their LasR+ comparators. Consistent with published reports, mutants lacking gloA3, which encodes a MG-glyoxalase, and mutants lacking GSH biosynthesis enzymes (gshA or gshB) were sensitive to MG. Exogenous GSH rescued MG sensitivity in LasR- strains and gshA or gshB mutants, but not in a gloA3 mutant strain. We propose that low GSH levels in LasR- strains contribute to increased sensitivity to MG and H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ruzic
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | | | - Amy Conaway
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Deborah A Hogan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
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25
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Zhou H, Huang X, Luo Y, Tan T. Scavenging of Methylglyoxal by the Total Flavonoids of Apocyni Veneti Folium in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:20374-20382. [PMID: 39231273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Scavenging MGO has been considered as an effective strategy for preventing atherosclerosis. A previous study showed that the total flavonoids of Apocyni Veneti Folium (TFAVF) had a significant antiatherosclerotic effect. However, there are no studies that have investigated the MGO scavenging capacities of TFAVF in mice. We found that TFAVF consisted mainly of quercetin glycosides and kaempferol glycosides using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). TFAVF was first demonstrated to effectively scavenge MGO in mice based on the formation of mono-MGO-quercetin, mono-MGO-dehydroquercetin, mono-MGO-isorhamnetin, mono-MGO-dehydroisorhamnetin, mono-MGO-kaempferol, and mono-MGO-dehydrokaempferol. In addition, one mono-MGO-quercetin was separated and purified, and its structure was elucidated as 8-MGO-quercetin based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and NMR data. Quantification studies have demonstrated that kaempferol, dehydrokaempferol, quercetin, dehydroquercetin, isorhamnetin, and dehydroisorhamnetin can dose dependently scavenge MGO in mice. Taken together, these results indicated that TFAVF showed a significant antiatherosclerotic effect, which might be based on MGO detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Zhou
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xinxin Huang
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ting Tan
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
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26
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Victor-Sami S, Kamali-Roosta A, Shamsaldeen YA. Methylglyoxal induces death in human brain neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y), prevented by metformin and dapagliflozin. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108832. [PMID: 39116474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by a dysfunction in insulin action or secretion, leading to an elevation in blood glucose levels. It is a highly prevalent condition and as a result, the NHS spends 10 % of its entire budget on diabetes mellitus care, that is equivalent to £10 billion a year. Diabetes mellitus has been linked with vascular and neurological complications which may be associated with the progression of neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease. Chronic hyperglycaemia increases the production of the reactive oxidant species (ROS) such as methylglyoxal (MGO). MGO has been linked with vascular complications, neuropathy and cytotoxicity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the potential beneficial effect of antidiabetic agents such as metformin and dapagliflozin on human brain neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y) treated with MGO. SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 media and subjected overnight incubation with one of the following treatment conditions: Control (untreated); MGO (1 μM); MGO (100 μM); metformin (100 μM) + MGO (100 μM); and dapagliflozin (10 μM) + MGO (100 μM). Several assays were conducted to explore the effect of the treatment groups on the SH-SY5Y cells. These included: MTT assay; LDH assay, peroxynitrite fluorescence assay, and laser scanning confocal microscopy. MGO (100 μM) led to significant cell injury and damage and significantly reduced the survival of the cells by approximately 50-75 %, associated with significant increase in peroxynitrite. The addition of metformin (100 μM) or dapagliflozin (10 μM) represented significant protective effects on the cells and prevented the cell damage caused by the high MGO concentration. As a result, the findings of this research reveal that MGO-induced cell damage may partly be mediated by the generation of peroxynitrite, while the antidiabetic agents such as metformin and dapagliflozin prevent brain cell death, which potentially may play prophylactic roles against the risk of dementia in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Victor-Sami
- Department of applied science, school of pharmacy, University of Brighton, BN24GJ, UK
| | - Ali Kamali-Roosta
- Department of applied science, school of pharmacy, University of Brighton, BN24GJ, UK
| | - Yousif A Shamsaldeen
- Department of applied science, school of pharmacy, University of Brighton, BN24GJ, UK.
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27
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Chen PF, Huang GX, Gu WT, Zhuang GD, Chen C, Wang SM, Tang D. Exploration of the Mechanisms of Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu Decoction in the Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Integrating of Serum Pharmacochemistry and Network Pharmacology. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400910. [PMID: 39105318 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a significant and frequent complication of diabetes. Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu Decoction (BHD) is a classic traditional Chinese herbal prescription that is commonly used in modern clinical practice for the effective treatment of DPN, but the underlying mechanism is not yet clearly defined. The chemical constituents of BHD were characterized by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HR MS/MS, and a total of 101 chemical components were identified, including 30 components absorbed into blood. An interaction network of "compound-target-disease" interactions was constructed based on the compounds detected absorbed in blood and their corresponding targets of diabetic neuropathy acquired from disease gene databases, and the possible biological targets and potential signalling pathways of BHD were predicted via network pharmacology analysis. Subsequently, methylglyoxal-induced (MGO-induced) Schwann cells (SCs) were used to identify the active ingredients in blood components of BHD and verify the molecular mechanisms of BHD. Through network topological analysis, 30 shared targets strongly implicated in the anti-DPN effects of BHD were identifed. Combined network pharmacology and in vitro cellular analysis, we found that the active ingredient of BHD may treat DPN by modulating the AGEs/RAGE pathway. This study provides valuable evidence for future mechanistic studies and potential therapeutic applications for patients with DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guang-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen-Ting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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28
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Bora S, Adole PS, Vinod KV, Pillai AA, Ahmed S. GC-MS validation and analysis of targeted plasma metabolites related to carbonyl stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without acute coronary syndrome. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5952. [PMID: 38966927 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is responsible for advanced glycation end-product formation, the mechanisms leading to diabetes pathogenesis and complications like acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Sugar metabolites, amino acids and fatty acids are possible substrates for MG. The study aimed to measure plasma MG substrate levels using a validated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method and explore their association with ACS risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study included 150 T2DM patients with ACS as cases and 150 T2DM without ACS as controls for the analysis of glucose, fructose, ribulose, sorbitol, glycerol, pyruvate, lactate, glycine, serine, threonine, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0 and C22:6 by GC-MS. Validated GC-MS methods were accurate, precise and sensitive. Cases significantly differed in plasma MG and metabolite levels except for lactate, C16:0, C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3 levels compared with controls. On multivariable logistic regression, plasma C20:0, C18:1, glycine and glycerol levels had increased odds of ACS risk. On multivariate receiver operating characteristic analysis, a model containing plasma C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, serine, glycerol, lactate and threonine levels had the highest area under the curve value (0.932) for ACS diagnosis. In conclusion, plasma C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, glycine, glycerol and sorbitol levels were associated with ACS risk in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Bora
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Prashant Shankarrao Adole
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Kolar Vishwanath Vinod
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Ajith Ananthakrishna Pillai
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Shaheer Ahmed
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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29
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Hellwig M, Diel P, Eisenbrand G, Grune T, Guth S, Henle T, Humpf HU, Joost HG, Marko D, Raupbach J, Roth A, Vieths S, Mally A. Dietary glycation compounds - implications for human health. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:485-617. [PMID: 39150724 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2362985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The term "glycation compounds" comprises a wide range of structurally diverse compounds that are formed endogenously and in food via the Maillard reaction, a chemical reaction between reducing sugars and amino acids. Glycation compounds produced endogenously are considered to contribute to a range of diseases. This has led to the hypothesis that glycation compounds present in food may also cause adverse effects and thus pose a nutritional risk to human health. In this work, the Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) summarized data on formation, occurrence, exposure and toxicity of glycation compounds (Part A) and systematically assessed potential associations between dietary intake of defined glycation compounds and disease, including allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular and renal disease, gut/gastrotoxicity, brain/cognitive impairment and cancer (Part B). A systematic search in Pubmed (Medline), Scopus and Web of Science using a combination of keywords defining individual glycation compounds and relevant disease patterns linked to the subject area of food, nutrition and diet retrieved 253 original publications relevant to the research question. Of these, only 192 were found to comply with previously defined quality criteria and were thus considered suitable to assess potential health risks of dietary glycation compounds. For each adverse health effect considered in this assessment, however, only limited numbers of human, animal and in vitro studies were identified. While studies in humans were often limited due to small cohort size, short study duration, and confounders, experimental studies in animals that allow for controlled exposure to individual glycation compounds provided some evidence for impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, cardiovascular effects and renal injury in response to oral exposure to dicarbonyl compounds, albeit at dose levels by far exceeding estimated human exposures. The overall database was generally inconsistent or inconclusive. Based on this systematic review, the SKLM concludes that there is at present no convincing evidence for a causal association between dietary intake of glycation compounds and adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hellwig
- Chair of Special Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Patrick Diel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sabine Guth
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Chair of Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Georg Joost
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jana Raupbach
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Angelika Roth
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Nagayach A, Bhaskar R, Ghosh S, Singh KK, Han SS, Sinha JK. Advancing the understanding of diabetic encephalopathy through unravelling pathogenesis and exploring future treatment perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102450. [PMID: 39134179 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy (DE), a significant micro-complication of diabetes, manifests as neurochemical, structural, behavioral, and cognitive alterations. This condition is especially dangerous for the elderly because aging raises the risk of neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairment, both of which can be made worse by diabetes. Despite its severity, diagnosis of this disease is challenging, and there is a paucity of information on its pathogenesis. The pivotal roles of various cellular pathways, activated or influenced by hyperglycemia, insulin sensitivity, amyloid accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, brain vasculopathy, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, are widely recognized for contributing to the potential causes of diabetic encephalopathy. We also reviewed current pharmacological strategies for DE encompassing a comprehensive approach targeting metabolic dysregulations and neurological manifestations. Antioxidant-based therapies hold promise in mitigating oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage, while anti-diabetic drugs offer neuroprotective effects through diverse mechanisms, including modulation of insulin signaling pathways and neuroinflammation. Additionally, tissue engineering and nanomedicine-based approaches present innovative strategies for targeted drug delivery and regenerative therapies for DE. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in translating these therapeutic interventions into clinical practice, including long-term safety, scalability, and regulatory approval. Further research is warranted to optimize these approaches and address remaining gaps in the management of DE and associated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Nagayach
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Shampa Ghosh
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301 India
| | - Krishna Kumar Singh
- Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune, Maharashtra 411057, India
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
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Zhou Q, Chen Y, Peng L, Wu J, Hao W, Wang M. Sprouting facilitates the antiglycative effect of black soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.) by promoting the accumulation of isoflavones. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 9:100827. [PMID: 39281341 PMCID: PMC11399799 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The exposure of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can induce chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and accelerated aging, contributing the onset and progression of many diseases especially diabetic complications. Therefore, the searching of antiglycative foods is of practical significance, which may serve as a strategy in the attenuation of AGEs-associated diseases. In this study, we evaluated the antiglycative potential of some beans and bean sprouts that were common in our daily life. The results revealed that sprouting enhanced the antiglycative activity of beans, with black soybean sprouts demonstrating the highest efficacy (4.92-fold higher than the unsprouted beans). To assess practical implications, we examined the antiglycative activity of black soybean sprouts in pork soup, a popular food model that incorporates sprouts. Our findings confirmed the inhibitory effect on a dose-dependent manner. Through open column fractionation, we identified isoflavones and soyasaponin Bb as the candidates responsible for these effects. Additionally, compare to the unsprouted black soybeans, we found significant increases in the levels of antioxidative properties (2.51-fold), total phenolics (7.28-fold), isoflavones, and soyasaponin Bb during the sprouting process. Further studies determined that genistein, genistin, and daidzin were the major antiglycative compounds in black soybean sprouts. Collectively, this study emphasizes the benefits of sprouted beans and offers foundation for the development of functional sprouting foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuxuan Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Lifang Peng
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Jun Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wen Hao
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266000, China
- Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Dutta A, Hossain MA, Somadder PD, Moli MA, Ahmed K, Rahman MM, Bui FM. Exploring the therapeutic targets of stevioside in management of type 2 diabetes by network pharmacology and in-silico approach. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:103111. [PMID: 39217825 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The main objective of the current study is to investigate the pathways and therapeutic targets linked to stevioside in the management of T2D using computational approaches. METHODS We collected RNA-seq datasets from NCBI, then employed GREIN to retrieve differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Computer-assisted techniques DAVID, STRING and NetworkAnalyst were used to explore common significant pathways and therapeutic targets associated with T2D and stevioside. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations were conducted to validate the interaction between stevioside and therapeutic targets. RESULTS Gene ontology and KEGG analysis revealed that prostaglandin synthesis, IL-17 signaling, inflammatory response, and interleukin signaling were potential pathways targeted by stevioside in T2D. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) analysis identified six common hub proteins (PPARG, PTGS2, CXCL8, CCL2, PTPRC, and EDN1). Molecular docking results showed best binding of stevioside to PPARG (-8 kcal/mol) and PTGS2 (-10.1 kcal/mol). Finally, 100 ns molecular dynamics demonstrated that the binding stability between stevioside and target protein (PPARG and PTGS2) falls within the acceptable range. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that stevioside exhibits significant potential in controlling T2D by targeting key pathways and stably binding to PPARG and PTGS2. Further research is necessary to confirm and expand upon these significant computational results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Arju Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Banani, Dhaka, 1213, Bangladesh
| | - Pratul Dipta Somadder
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmuda Akter Moli
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Industrial Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh
| | - Kawsar Ahmed
- Department of Information and Communication Technology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU), Santosh, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A9, Canada; Health Informatics Research Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City (DSC), Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Masuder Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh.
| | - Francis M Bui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A9, Canada
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Vural S, Baskurt D, Yıldırıcı Ş, Rasulova G, Danacı S, Botsalı A. Evaluating dietary considerations in hidradenitis suppurativa: a critical examination of existing knowledge. Int J Dermatol 2024; 63:987-998. [PMID: 38406977 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.17101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic condition that can overwhelm patients, and the effectiveness of supplementary dietary treatments remains uncertain. The primary aim of this review is to explore the connection between diet and HS progression. However, it is imperative to note that the evidence supporting a substantial role of the diet in HS remains weak. Dietary alterations alone should not be considered independent solutions for managing HS. Medical therapy continues to be indispensable for adequate treatment. Research indicates that the Mediterranean lifestyle and diet may provide cost-effective and beneficial adjustments when combined with traditional therapies. Conversely, foods with a high glycemic index and dairy could worsen HS symptoms, conceivably through mechanisms linked to insulin resistance and inflammation. Zinc, known for its antioxidant properties, shows promise as an adjunct therapy. Moreover, evidence suggests a connection between vitamin D deficiency and HS severity, although the findings are inconclusive. Brewer's yeast-free diet, B12 supplementation, intermittent fasting, and reducing the intake of refined sugar and dairy merit further investigation. In conclusion, this review highlights the need for additional research because of the lack of standardized reporting of clinical effects in the studies under scrutiny. A deeper exploration of the pathophysiology focusing on dietary modifications and their potential associations with HS severity is essential. Furthermore, it is crucial to recognize that patients' willingness to experiment with new diets makes them vulnerable to fraudulent interventions, highlighting the importance of evidence-based dietary guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seçil Vural
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Defne Baskurt
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Gunel Rasulova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Senem Danacı
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Istanbul Cerrahpasa University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysenur Botsalı
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Kane J, Vos WG, Bosmans LA, van Os BW, den Toom M, Hoeksema‐Hackmann S, Moen‐de Wit D, Gijbels MJ, Beckers L, Grefhorst A, Levels JHM, Jakulj L, Vervloet MG, Lutgens E, Eringa EC. Peritoneal Dialysis Aggravates and Accelerates Atherosclerosis in Uremic ApoE-/- Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034066. [PMID: 38979792 PMCID: PMC11292770 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.034066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is highly prevalent in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including those receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although it is lifesaving, PD induces profound systemic inflammation, which may aggravate atherosclerosis. Therefore, the hypothesis is that this PD-induced inflammation aggravates atherosclerosis via immune cell activation. METHODS AND RESULTS ApoE-/- mice were subjected to a 5/6 nephrectomy to induce CKD. Three weeks later, mice were fed a high-cholesterol diet. Half of the nephrectomized mice then received daily peritoneal infusions of 3.86% Physioneal for 67 further days (CKD+PD) until the end of the experiment, and were compared with mice without CKD. Sham operated and PD-only mice were additional controls. CKD+PD mice displayed more severe atherosclerotic disease than control mice. Plaque area increased, and plaques were more advanced with a vulnerable phenotype typified by decreased collagen content and decreased fibrous cap thickness. Increased CD3+ T-cell numbers were present in plaques and perivascular adipose tissue of CKD and CKD+PD mice. Plaques of CKD+PD mice contained more iNOS+ immune cells. Spleens of CKD+PD mice showed more CD4+ central memory, terminally differentiated type 1 T-helper (Th1), Th17, and CX3C motif chemokine receptor 1+ (CX3CR1) CD4+ T-cells with less regulatory and effector T-cells. CONCLUSIONS PD-fluid exposure in uremic mice potentiates systemic and vascular T-cell-driven inflammation and aggravates atherosclerosis. PD polarized CD4+ T-cells toward an inflammatory Th1/Th17 phenotype, and increased CX3CR1+ CD4+ T-cells, which are associated with vascular homing in CKD-associated atherosclerosis. Targeting CD4+ T-cell activation and CX3CR1+ polarization has the potential to attenuate atherosclerosis in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Kane
- Department of Nephrology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Immunity and InfectionAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Winnie G. Vos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Immunity and InfectionAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Laura A. Bosmans
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Immunity and InfectionAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Bram W. van Os
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Immunity and InfectionAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Myrthe den Toom
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Immunity and InfectionAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | | | - Denise Moen‐de Wit
- Animal Research Institute AMCAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Marion J. Gijbels
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Immunity and InfectionAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Linda Beckers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Immunity and InfectionAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Aldo Grefhorst
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Johannes H. M. Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Lily Jakulj
- Department of Nephrology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Dianet Dialysis Centre AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Marc G. Vervloet
- Department of Nephrology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of NephrologyRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and ImmunologyMayo ClinicRochesterMN
| | - Etto C. Eringa
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of PhysiologyMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
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Rhein S, Costalunga R, Inderhees J, Gürtzgen T, Faupel TC, Shaheryar Z, Arrulo Pereira A, Othman A, Begemann K, Binder S, Stölting I, Dorta V, Nawroth PP, Fleming T, Oexle K, Prevot V, Nogueiras R, Meyhöfer S, Meyhöfer SM, Schwaninger M. The reactive pyruvate metabolite dimethylglyoxal mediates neurological consequences of diabetes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5745. [PMID: 38987239 PMCID: PMC11237006 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Complications of diabetes are often attributed to glucose and reactive dicarbonyl metabolites derived from glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, such as methylglyoxal. However, in the CNS, neurons and endothelial cells use lactate as energy source in addition to glucose, which does not lead to the formation of methylglyoxal and has previously been considered a safer route of energy consumption than glycolysis. Nevertheless, neurons and endothelial cells are hotspots for the cellular pathology underlying neurological complications in diabetes, suggesting a cause that is distinct from other diabetes complications and independent of methylglyoxal. Here, we show that in clinical and experimental diabetes plasma concentrations of dimethylglyoxal are increased. In a mouse model of diabetes, ilvb acetolactate-synthase-like (ILVBL, HACL2) is the enzyme involved in formation of increased amounts of dimethylglyoxal from lactate-derived pyruvate. Dimethylglyoxal reacts with lysine residues, forms Nε-3-hydroxy-2-butanonelysine (HBL) as an adduct, induces oxidative stress more strongly than other dicarbonyls, causes blood-brain barrier disruption, and can mimic mild cognitive impairment in experimental diabetes. These data suggest dimethylglyoxal formation as a pathway leading to neurological complications in diabetes that is distinct from other complications. Importantly, dimethylglyoxal formation can be reduced using genetic, pharmacological and dietary interventions, offering new strategies for preventing CNS dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Rhein
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Riccardo Costalunga
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
- Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julica Inderhees
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
- Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tammo Gürtzgen
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Teresa Christina Faupel
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Zaib Shaheryar
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Adriana Arrulo Pereira
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alaa Othman
- Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kimberly Begemann
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sonja Binder
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ines Stölting
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Valentina Dorta
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de, Compostela, Spain
| | - Peter P Nawroth
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konrad Oexle
- Neurogenetic Systems Analysis Group, Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DISTALZ, EGID, Lille, France
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de, Compostela, Spain
| | - Svenja Meyhöfer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sebastian M Meyhöfer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.
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Sasarom M, Wanachantararak P, Chaijareenont P, Okonogi S. Antioxidant, antiglycation, and antibacterial of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized using Caesalpinia Sappan extract. Drug Discov Ther 2024; 18:167-177. [PMID: 38945877 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2024.01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plant extracts is environmentally friendly and of increasing interest. However, not all plant extracts can meet successfully on the synthesis. Therefore, searching for the high potential extracts that can reduce the metal salt precursor in the synthesis reaction is essential. The present study explores the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using Caesalpinia sappan heartwood extract. Phytochemical analysis and determination of the total phenolic content of the extract were performed before use as a reducing agent. Under the suitable synthesized condition, a color change in the color of the solutions to brown confirmed the formation of CuONPs. The obtained CuONPs were confirmed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, and Fourier transform infrared analysis. The synthesized CuONPs investigated for antioxidant, antiglycation, and antibacterial activities. CuONPs possessed antioxidant activities by quenching free radicals with an IC50 value of 63.35 µg/mL and reducing activity with an EC range of 3.19-10.27 mM/mg. CuONPs also inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end products in the bovine serum albumin/ribose model with an IC50 value of 17.05 µg/mL. In addition, CuONPs showed inhibition of human pathogens, including Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli, and prevention of biofilm formation and biofilm eradication, with maximum inhibition of approx. 75%. Our findings suggest that C. sappan extract can be used to obtain highly bioactive CuONPs for the development of certain medical devices and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathurada Sasarom
- PhD Degree Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Pisaisit Chaijareenont
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Okonogi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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37
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Vangrieken P, Al-Nasiry S, Remels AH, Schiffers PM, Janssen E, Nass S, Scheijen JL, Spaanderman ME, Schalkwijk CG. Placental Methylglyoxal in Preeclampsia: Vascular and Biomarker Implications. Hypertension 2024; 81:1537-1549. [PMID: 38752345 PMCID: PMC11208051 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a multifaceted syndrome that includes maternal vascular dysfunction. We hypothesize that increased placental glycolysis and hypoxia in preeclampsia lead to increased levels of methylglyoxal (MGO), consequently causing vascular dysfunction. METHODS Plasma samples and placentas were collected from uncomplicated and preeclampsia pregnancies. Uncomplicated placentas and trophoblast cells (BeWo) were exposed to hypoxia. The reactive dicarbonyl MGO and advanced glycation end products (Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine [CML], Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine [CEL], and MGO-derived hydroimidazolone [MG-H]) were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The activity of GLO1 (glyoxalase-1), that is, the enzyme detoxifying MGO, was measured. The impact of MGO on vascular function was evaluated using wire/pressure myography. The therapeutic potential of the MGO-quencher quercetin and mitochondrial-specific antioxidant mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ) was explored. RESULTS MGO, CML, CEL, and MG-H2 levels were elevated in preeclampsia-placentas (+36%, +36%, +25%, and +22%, respectively). Reduced GLO1 activity was observed in preeclampsia-placentas (-12%) and hypoxia-exposed placentas (-16%). Hypoxia-induced MGO accumulation in placentas was mitigated by the MGO-quencher quercetin. Trophoblast cells were identified as the primary source of MGO. Reduced GLO1 activity was also observed in hypoxia-exposed BeWo cells (-26%). Maternal plasma concentrations of CML and the MGO-derived MG-H1 increased as early as 12 weeks of gestation (+16% and +17%, respectively). MGO impaired endothelial barrier function, an effect mitigated by MitoQ, and heightened vascular responsiveness to thromboxane A2. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the accumulation of placental MGO in preeclampsia and upon exposure to hypoxia, demonstrates how MGO can contribute to vascular impairment, and highlights plasma CML and MG-H1 levels as promising early biomarkers for preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Vangrieken
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (P.V., S.N., J.L.J.M.S., C.G.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
| | - Salwan Al-Nasiry
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (S.A.-N., E.J., M.E.A.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
| | - Alex H.V. Remels
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.H.V.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
| | - Paul M.H. Schiffers
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (P.M.H.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
| | - Emma Janssen
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (S.A.-N., E.J., M.E.A.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Nass
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (P.V., S.N., J.L.J.M.S., C.G.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
| | - Jean L.J.M. Scheijen
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (P.V., S.N., J.L.J.M.S., C.G.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
| | - Marc E.A. Spaanderman
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (S.A.-N., E.J., M.E.A.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G. Schalkwijk
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (P.V., S.N., J.L.J.M.S., C.G.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, the Netherlands
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Vizuete AFK, Gonçalves CA. Is Methylglyoxal a Potential Biomarker for the Warburg Effect Induced by the Lipopolysaccharide Neuroinflammation Model? Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1823-1837. [PMID: 38727985 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is considered a classical biomarker of diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities. However, a role for this compound in exacerbated immune responses, such as septicemia, is being increasingly observed and requires clarification, particularly in the context of neuroinflammatory responses. Herein, we used two different approaches (in vivo and acute hippocampal slice models) to investigate MG as a biomarker of neuroinflammation and the neuroimmunometabolic shift to glycolysis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammation models. Our data reinforce the hypothesis that LPS-induced neuroinflammation stimulates the cerebral innate immune response by increasing IL-1β, a classical pro-inflammatory cytokine, and the astrocyte reactive response, via elevating S100B secretion and GFAP levels. Acute neuroinflammation promotes an early neuroimmunometabolic shift to glycolysis by elevating glucose uptake, lactate release, PFK1, and PK activities. We observed high serum and cerebral MG levels, in association with a reduction in glyoxalase 1 detoxification activity, and a close correlation between serum and hippocampus MG levels with the systemic and neuroinflammatory responses to LPS. Findings strongly suggest a role for MG in immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fernanda Kuckartz Vizuete
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the CNS, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Ramio Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
- Pos Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the CNS, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Ramio Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Pos Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Yamaguchi H, Matsumura T, Sugawa H, Niimi N, Sango K, Nagai R. Glucoselysine, a unique advanced glycation end-product of the polyol pathway and its association with vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107479. [PMID: 38879006 PMCID: PMC11283207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucoselysine (GL) is an unique advanced glycation end-product derived from fructose. The main source of fructose in vivo is the polyol pathway, and an increase in its activity leads to diabetic complications. Here, we aimed to demonstrate that GL can serve as an indicator of the polyol pathway activity. Additionally, we propose a novel approach for detecting GL in peripheral blood samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and evaluate its clinical usefulness. We successfully circumvent interference from fructoselysine, which shares the same molecular weight as GL, by performing ultrafiltration and hydrolysis without reduction, successfully generating adequate peaks for quantification in serum. Furthermore, using immortalized aldose reductase KO mouse Schwann cells, we demonstrate that GL reflects the downstream activity of the polyol pathway and that GL produced intracellularly is released into the extracellular space. Clinical studies reveal that GL levels in patients with type 2 diabetes are significantly higher than those in healthy participants, while Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)ornithine (MG-H1) levels are significantly lower. Both GL and MG-H1 show higher values among patients with vascular complications; however, GL varies more markedly than MG-H1 as well as hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Furthermore, GL remains consistently stable under various existing drug treatments for type 2 diabetes, whereas MG-H1 is impacted. To the best of our knowledge, we provide important insights in predicting diabetic complications caused by enhanced polyol pathway activity via assessment of GL levels in peripheral blood samples from patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hikari Sugawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoko Niimi
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sango
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan; Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Shademan B, Yousefi H, Nourazarian A. Methylglyoxal Affects the Expression of miR-125b, miR-107, and Oxidative Stress Pathway-associated Genes in the SH-SY5Y Cell Line. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:419-425. [PMID: 39206401 PMCID: PMC11347743 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Alzhеimеr's disеasе (AD) is thе most prеvalеnt form of dеmеntia globally. Rеsеarch links thе incrеasе of rеactivе oxidativе spеciеs (ROS) to thе pathogеnеsis of AD; thus, this study invеstigatеd thе impact of mеthylglyoxal (MGO) on thе еxprеssion of miR-125b, miR-107, and gеnеs involvеd in oxidativе strеss signaling in SH-SY5Y cеlls. Methods Thе MTT assay assеssеd MGO's еffеcts on SH-SY5Y viability. miR-125b and miR-107 еxprеssion was analyzеd via rеal-timе PCR. Additionally, thе Human Oxidativе Strеss Pathway Plus RT2 Profilеr PCR array quantifiеd oxidativе pathway gеnе еxprеssion. Results MGO concеntrations undеr 700μM did not significantly rеducе SH-SY5Y viability. MiR-125b and miR-107 еxprеssion in SH-SY5Y cеlls incrеasеd and dеcrеasеd rеspеctivеly (P<0.05). Cеlls trеatеd with 700μM MGO еxhibitеd incrеasеd CCS, CYBB, PRDX3, SPINK1, CYGB, DHCR24 and BAG2 еxprеssion (P<0.05). Thosе trеatеd with 1400μM MGO showеd incrеasеd CCS, CYBB, PRDX3, SPINK1, DUSP1, EPHX2, EPX, FOXM1, and GPX3 еxprеssion (P<0.05). Conclusion MGO altеrs oxidativе strеss pathway gеnе, miR-125b, and miR-107 еxprеssion in SH-SY5Y cеlls. Targеting MGO or miR-125b and miR-107 may providе novеl AD thеrapеutic stratеgiеs or improvе sеvеrе symptoms. Furthеr rеsеarch should еlucidatе thе prеcisе mеchanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Shademan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Yousefi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
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Zhang X, van der Vorst EPC. High-Density Lipoprotein Modifications: Causes and Functional Consequences in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Cells 2024; 13:1113. [PMID: 38994965 PMCID: PMC11240616 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a group of small, dense, and protein-rich lipoproteins that play a role in cholesterol metabolism and various cellular processes. Decreased levels of HDL and HDL dysfunction are commonly observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is also associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Due to hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation that develop in T2DM, HDL undergoes several post-translational modifications such as glycation, oxidation, and carbamylation, as well as other alterations in its lipid and protein composition. It is increasingly recognized that the generation of HDL modifications in T2DM seems to be the main cause of HDL dysfunction and may in turn influence the development and progression of T2DM and its related cardiovascular complications. This review provides a general introduction to HDL structure and function and summarizes the main modifications of HDL that occur in T2DM. Furthermore, the potential impact of HDL modifications on the pathogenesis of T2DM and CVD, based on the altered interactions between modified HDL and various cell types that are involved in glucose homeostasis and atherosclerotic plaque generation, will be discussed. In addition, some perspectives for future research regarding the T2DM-related HDL modifications are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany
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Ferreira-Junior MD, Cavalcante KVN, Costa JM, Bessa ASM, Amaro A, de Castro CH, Xavier CH, Silva S, Fonseca DA, Matafome P, Gomes RM. Early Methylglyoxal Exposure Leads to Worsened Cardiovascular Function in Young Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:2029. [PMID: 38999777 PMCID: PMC11243563 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though maternal diabetes effects are well described in the literature, the effects of maternal diabetes in postnatal phases are often overlooked. Diabetic individuals have higher levels of circulating glycotoxins, and there is a positive correlation between maternal-derived glycotoxins and circulating glycotoxins in their progeny. Previous studies evaluated the metabolic effects of high glycotoxin exposure during lactation in adult animals. However, here we focus on the cardiovascular system of juvenile rats. METHODS For this, we used two experimental models: 1. High Methylglyoxal (MG) environment: pregnant Wistar rats were injected with PBS (VEH group) or Methylglyoxal (MG group; 60 mg/kg/day; orally, postnatal day (PND) 3 to PND14). 2. GLO-1 inhibition: pregnant Wistar rats were injected with dimethyl sulfoxide (VEH group) or a GLO-1 inhibitor (BBGC group; 5 mg/kg/day; subcutaneously, PND1-PND5). The offspring were evaluated at PND45. RESULTS MG offspring presented cardiac dysfunction and subtly worsened vasomotor responses in the presence of perivascular adipose tissue, without morphological alterations. In addition, an endogenous increase in maternal glycotoxins impacts offspring vasomotricity due to impaired redox status. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that early glycotoxin exposure led to cardiac and vascular impairments, which may increase the risk for developing cardiovascular diseases later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Divino Ferreira-Junior
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (A.A.); (S.S.); (D.A.F.)
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiás, Brazil; (J.M.C.); (A.S.M.B.); (C.H.d.C.); (C.H.X.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Keilah Valéria N. Cavalcante
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (A.A.); (S.S.); (D.A.F.)
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiás, Brazil; (J.M.C.); (A.S.M.B.); (C.H.d.C.); (C.H.X.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Jaqueline M. Costa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiás, Brazil; (J.M.C.); (A.S.M.B.); (C.H.d.C.); (C.H.X.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Amanda S. M. Bessa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiás, Brazil; (J.M.C.); (A.S.M.B.); (C.H.d.C.); (C.H.X.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Andreia Amaro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (A.A.); (S.S.); (D.A.F.)
- Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Henrique de Castro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiás, Brazil; (J.M.C.); (A.S.M.B.); (C.H.d.C.); (C.H.X.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Carlos Henrique Xavier
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiás, Brazil; (J.M.C.); (A.S.M.B.); (C.H.d.C.); (C.H.X.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Sónia Silva
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (A.A.); (S.S.); (D.A.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo A. Fonseca
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (A.A.); (S.S.); (D.A.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (A.A.); (S.S.); (D.A.F.)
- Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Mello Gomes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiás, Brazil; (J.M.C.); (A.S.M.B.); (C.H.d.C.); (C.H.X.); (R.M.G.)
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Chen M, Wang F, Yan Q, Da M, Wang F. Photothermally responsive graphene hybrid dry powders for diabetic wound healing. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:045055. [PMID: 38821043 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad5295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of diabetic wounds remains a significant challenge in the medical field. In this study, we present a novel approach using photothermally responsive graphene hybrid dry powders for the treatment of diabetic wounds. These powders, derived from polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI), exhibit rapid water absorption at the interface, leading to thein situformation of physically crosslinked hydrogels due to interactions between polymers. Furthermore, by incorporating graphene into the PAA/PEI powder mixture, we establish a multifunctional platform with capabilities such as photothermal antibacterial effects and drug release. Given the outstanding performance of this hybrid material, we demonstrate its potential in wound healing by incorporating the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor Etanercept into the PAA/PEI powder. This intervention resulted in a significant improvement in the wound healing process in diabetic rats, as evidenced by the downregulation of inflammatory factors, promotion of collagen deposition, and enhanced vascularization. These remarkable attributes underscore the enormous potential value of the presented hydrogel patches in the field of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihong Da
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Mariño L, Belén Uceda A, Leal F, Adrover M. Insight into the Effect of Methylglyoxal on the Conformation, Function, and Aggregation Propensity of α-Synuclein. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400890. [PMID: 38687053 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
It is well-known that people suffering from hyperglycemia have a higher propensity to develop Parkinson's disease (PD). One of the most plausible mechanisms linking these two pathologies is the glycation of neuronal proteins and the pathological consequences of it. α-Synuclein, a key component in PD, can be glycated at its fifteen lysine. In fact, the end products of this process have been detected on aggregated α-synuclein isolated from in vivo. However, the consequences of glycation are not entirely clear, which are of crucial importance to understand the mechanism underlying the connection between diabetes and PD. To better clarify this, we have here examined how methylglyoxal (the most important carbonyl compound found in the cytoplasm) affects the conformation and aggregation propensity of α-synuclein, as well as its ability to cluster and fuse synaptic-like vesicles. The obtained data prove that methylglyoxal induces the Lys-Lys crosslinking through the formation of MOLD. However, this does not have a remarkable effect on the averaged conformational ensemble of α-synuclein, although it completely depletes its native propensity to form soluble oligomers and insoluble amyloid fibrils. Moreover, methylglyoxal has a disrupting effect on the ability of α-synuclein to bind, cluster and fusion synaptic-like vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mariño
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut (IdISBa), Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra, Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Uceda
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut (IdISBa), Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra, Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Francisco Leal
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut (IdISBa), Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra, Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miquel Adrover
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut (IdISBa), Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra, Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Hurben AK, Zhang Q, Galligan JJ, Tretyakova N, Erber L. Endogenous Cellular Metabolite Methylglyoxal Induces DNA-Protein Cross-Links in Living Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:1291-1302. [PMID: 38752800 PMCID: PMC11353540 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is an electrophilic α-oxoaldehyde generated endogenously through metabolism of carbohydrates and exogenously due to autoxidation of sugars, degradation of lipids, and fermentation during food and drink processing. MGO can react with nucleophilic sites within proteins and DNA to form covalent adducts. MGO-induced advanced glycation end-products such as protein and DNA adducts are thought to be involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, diabetes, cancer, renal failure, and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, MGO has been hypothesized to form toxic DNA-protein cross-links (DPC), but the identities of proteins participating in such cross-linking in cells have not been determined. In the present work, we quantified DPC formation in human cells exposed to MGO and identified proteins trapped on DNA upon MGO exposure using mass spectrometry-based proteomics. A total of 265 proteins were found to participate in MGO-derived DPC formation including gene products engaged in telomere organization, nucleosome assembly, and gene expression. In vitro experiments confirmed DPC formation between DNA and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), as well as histone proteins H3.1 and H4. Collectively, our study provides the first evidence for MGO-mediated DNA-protein cross-linking in living cells, prompting future studies regarding the relevance of these toxic lesions in cancer, diabetes, and other diseases linked to elevated MGO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K. Hurben
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States; Present Address: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - James J. Galligan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Natalia Tretyakova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Luke Erber
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Debras C, Cordova R, Mayén AL, Maasen K, Knaze V, Eussen SJPM, Schalkwijk CG, Huybrechts I, Tjønneland A, Halkjær J, Katzke V, Bajracharya R, Schulze MB, Masala G, Pala V, Pasanisi F, Macciotta A, Petrova D, Castañeda J, Santiuste C, Amiano P, Moreno-Iribas C, Borné Y, Sonestedt E, Johansson I, Esberg A, Aglago EK, Jenab M, Freisling H. Dietary intake of dicarbonyl compounds and changes in body weight over time in a large cohort of European adults. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1902-1914. [PMID: 38383991 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Dicarbonyl compounds are highly reactive precursors of advanced glycation end products (AGE), produced endogenously, present in certain foods and formed during food processing. AGE contribute to the development of adverse metabolic outcomes, but health effects of dietary dicarbonyls are largely unexplored. We investigated associations between three dietary dicarbonyl compounds, methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), and body weight changes in European adults. Dicarbonyl intakes were estimated using food composition database from 263 095 European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating Out of Home in Relation to Anthropometry participants with two body weight assessments (median follow-up time = 5·4 years). Associations between dicarbonyls and 5-year body-weight changes were estimated using mixed linear regression models. Stratified analyses by sex, age and baseline BMI were performed. Risk of becoming overweight/obese was assessed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. MGO intake was associated with 5-year body-weight gain of 0·089 kg (per 1-sd increase, 95 % CI 0·072, 0·107). 3-DG was inversely associated with body-weight change (-0·076 kg, -0·094, -0·058). No significant association was observed for GO (0·018 kg, -0·002, 0·037). In stratified analyses, GO was associated with body-weight gain among women and older participants (above median of 52·4 years). MGO was associated with higher body-weight gain among older participants. 3-DG was inversely associated with body-weight gain among younger and normal-weight participants. MGO was associated with a higher risk of becoming overweight/obese, while inverse associations were observed for 3-DG. No associations were observed for GO with overweight/obesity. Dietary dicarbonyls are inconsistently associated with body weight change among European adults. Further research is needed to clarify the role of these food components in overweight and obesity, their underlying mechanisms and potential public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Debras
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Reynalda Cordova
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana-Lucia Mayén
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Kim Maasen
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Viktoria Knaze
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- Department of Epidemiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases/CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Verena Katzke
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rashmita Bajracharya
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Pasanisi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery School of Medicine, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Macciotta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dafina Petrova
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029Madrid, Spain
| | - Jazmin Castañeda
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carmen Santiuste
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 2013 San Sebastian, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Conchi Moreno-Iribas
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008Pamplona, Spain
| | - Yan Borné
- Nutrition Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Nutrition Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elom Kouassivi Aglago
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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47
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Zhong Y, Yang C, Lu Y, Lv L. Theanine Capture of Reactive Carbonyl Species in Humans after Consuming Theanine Capsules or Green Tea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13240-13249. [PMID: 38825967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Acrolein (ACR), methylglyoxal (MGO), and glyoxal (GO) are a class of reactive carbonyl species (RCS), which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic and age-related diseases. Here, we explored a new RCS inhibitor (theanine, THE) and investigated its capture capacity on RCS in vivo by human experiments. After proving that theanine could efficiently capture ACR instead of MGO/GO by forming adducts under simulated physiological conditions, we further detected the ACR/MGO/GO adducts of theanine in the human urine samples after consumption of theanine capsules (200 and 400 mg) or green tea (4 cups, containing 200 mg of theanine) by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Quantitative assays revealed that THE-ACR, THE-2ACR-1, THE-MGO, and THE-GO were formed in a dose-dependent manner in the theanine capsule groups; the maximum value of the adducts of theanine was also tested. Furthermore, besides the RCS adducts of theanine, the RCS adducts of catechins could also be detected in the drinking tea group. Whereas, metabolite profile analysis showed that theanine could better capture RCS produced in the renal metabolic pathway than catechins. Our findings indicated that theanine could reduce RCS in the body in two ways: as a pure component or contained in tea leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2# Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2# Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yongling Lu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2# Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lishuang Lv
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2# Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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48
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Coccini T, Caloni F, Russo LA, Villani L, Lonati D, De Simone U. 3D human stem-cell-derived neuronal spheroids for in vitro neurotoxicity testing of methylglyoxal, highly reactive glycolysis byproduct and potent glycating agent. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 7:100176. [PMID: 38975063 PMCID: PMC11225170 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human-derived three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models are advanced human cell-based model for their complexity, relevance and application in toxicity testing. Intracellular accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO), the most potent glycating agent in humans, mainly generated as a by-product of glycolysis, is associated with age-related diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. In our study, 3D human stem-cell-derived neuronal spheroids were set up and applied to evaluate cytotoxic effects after short-term (5 to 48 h) treatments with different MGO concentrations, including low levels, taking into consideration several biochemical endpoints. In MGO-treated neurospheroids, reduced cell growth proliferation and decreased cell viability occurred early from 5-10 μM, and their compactness diminished starting from 100 μM, apparently without affecting spheroid size. MGO markedly caused loss of the neuronal markers MAP-2 and NSE from 10-50 μM, decreased the detoxifying Glo1 enzyme from 50 μM, and activated NF-kB by nuclear translocation. The cytochemical evaluation of the 3D sections showed the presence of necrotic cells with loss of nuclei. Apoptotic cells were observed from 50 μM MGO after 48 h, and from 100 μM after 24 h. MGO (50-10 µM) also induced modifications of the cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions. These effects worsened at the higher concentrations (300-500 µM). In 3D neuronal spheroids, MGO tested concentrations comparable to human samples levels measured in MGO-associated diseases, altered neuronal key signalling endpoints relevant for the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and aging. The findings also demonstrated that the use of 3D neuronal spheroids of human origin can be useful in a strategy in vitro for testing MGO and other dicarbonyls evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Villani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pathology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Lonati
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
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49
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Jung YS, Kim HG, Cho CH, Lee SH, Lee N, Yang J, Nam TG, Yoo M. Trapping mechanism by di-d-psicose anhydride with methylglyoxal for prevention of diabetic nephropathy. Carbohydr Res 2024; 540:109125. [PMID: 38703663 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Di-d-psicose anhydride (DPA), derived from functional rare saccharide as d-psicose, is investigated for its strong chelating ability. Methylglyoxal (MGO), an important precursor of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), promotes obesity, and causes complications such as diabetic nephropathy. On mesangial cells, DPA can substantially reduce the negative effects of MGO. DPA effectively trapping MGO in mesangial cells. The bonding properties of the DPA-MGO adduct were discussed by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The NMR spectra of the DPA-MGO adduct provide evidence for chelation bonding. The inhibition of AGE formation and the mass spectrometry results of the DPA-MGO adduct indicate that DPA can scavenge MGO at a molar ratio of 1:1. DPA suppressed 330 % of the up-regulated receptor for an AGEs protein expression to a normal level and restored the suppressed glyoxalase 1 level to 86 % of the normal group. This research provides important evidence and theoretical basis for the development of AGE inhibitors derived from rare saccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sung Jung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Geun Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Heung Cho
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Nari Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyung Yang
- Food Biotech R&D Center, Samyang Corp., Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Nam
- Major of Food Science and Biotechnology, Division of Bio-convergence, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Yoo
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Zheng L, Boeren S, Liu C, Bakker W, Wang H, Rietjens IMCM, Saccenti E. Proteomics-based identification of biomarkers reflecting endogenous and exogenous exposure to the advanced glycation end product precursor methylglyoxal in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132859. [PMID: 38838889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive precursor of advanced glycation end products, is endogenously produced and prevalent in various food products. This study aimed to characterize protein modifications in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells induced by MGO and identify potential biomarkers for its exposure and toxicity. A shot-gun proteomic analysis was applied to characterize protein modifications in cells incubated with and without exogenous MGO. Seventy-seven proteins were identified as highly susceptible to MGO modification, among which eight, including vimentin and histone H2B type 2-F, showing concentration-dependent modifications by externally added MGO, were defined as biomarkers for exogenous MGO exposure. Remarkably, up to 10 modification sites were identified on vimentin. Myosin light polypeptide 6 emerged as a biomarker for MGO toxicity, with modifications exclusively observed under cytotoxic MGO levels. Additionally, proteins like serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK2 and calcyphosin, exhibiting comparable or even higher modification levels in control compared to exogenous MGO-treated cells, were defined as biomarkers for endogenous exposure. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that motor proteins, cytoskeleton components, and glycolysis proteins were overrepresented among those highly susceptible to MGO modification. These results identify biomarkers for both endogenous and exogenous MGO exposure and provide insights into the cellular effects of endogenously formed versus externally added MGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zheng
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Chen Liu
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands; Tea Refining and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wouter Bakker
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Haomiao Wang
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ivonne M C M Rietjens
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edoardo Saccenti
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
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