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Weng C, Groh AMR, Yaqubi M, Cui QL, Stratton JA, Moore GRW, Antel JP. Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1336-1349. [PMID: 38934385 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous system. Recent evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to axons. Despite the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function, a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is lacking. We delve into early 20 th -century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocytes. Indeed, recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination preferences. Furthermore, modern molecular investigations, employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing, consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system region. Age and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined investigations. Future studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity. Such research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species, sex, central nervous system region, age, and disease, hold promise for the development of therapeutic interventions targeting varied central nervous system pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Weng
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Adam M R Groh
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moein Yaqubi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - G R Wayne Moore
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jack P Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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2
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Long Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Guo H, Cui G. The complex effects of miR-146a in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1309-1323. [PMID: 39075895 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities. Neuroinflammatory plaques formed through the extracellular deposition of amyloid-β proteins, as well as neurofibrillary tangles formed by the intracellular deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, comprise two typical pathological features of Alzheimer's disease. Besides symptomatic treatment, there are no effective therapies for delaying Alzheimer's disease progression. MicroRNAs (miR) are small, non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels and play important roles in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Indeed, miR-146a, a NF-κB-regulated gene, has been extensively implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease through several pathways. Research has demonstrated substantial dysregulation of miR-146a both during the initial phases and throughout the progression of this disorder. MiR-146a is believed to reduce amyloid-β deposition and tau protein hyperphosphorylation through the TLR/IRAK1/TRAF6 pathway; however, there is also evidence supporting that it can promote these processes through many other pathways, thus exacerbating the pathological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease. It has been widely reported that miR-146a mediates synaptic dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal death by targeting mRNAs encoding synaptic-related proteins, mitochondrial-related proteins, and membrane proteins, as well as other mRNAs. Regarding the impact on glial cells, miR-146a also exhibits differential effects. On one hand, it causes widespread and sustained inflammation through certain pathways, while on the other hand, it can reverse the polarization of astrocytes and microglia, alleviate neuroinflammation, and promote oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation, thus maintaining the normal function of the myelin sheath and exerting a protective effect on neurons. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the involvement of miR-146a in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. We aim to elucidate the relationship between miR-146a and the key pathological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease, such as amyloid-β deposition, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neuronal death, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic dysfunction, and glial cell dysfunction, as well as summarize recent relevant studies that have highlighted the potential of miR-146a as a clinical diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Long
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai No. 9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Guo
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai No. 9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Wu S, Lin W. The physiological role of the unfolded protein response in the nervous system. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2411-2420. [PMID: 38526277 PMCID: PMC11090440 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.393105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response pathway activated when the endoplasmic reticulum, a crucial organelle for protein folding and modification, encounters an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins. The UPR aims to restore endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by enhancing protein folding capacity, reducing protein biosynthesis, and promoting protein degradation. It also plays a pivotal role in coordinating signaling cascades to determine cell fate and function in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Recent research has highlighted the significance of the UPR not only in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis but also in influencing various physiological processes in the nervous system. Here, we provide an overview of recent findings that underscore the UPR's involvement in preserving the function and viability of neuronal and myelinating cells under physiological conditions, and highlight the critical role of the UPR in brain development, memory storage, retinal cone development, myelination, and maintenance of myelin thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangchan Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wensheng Lin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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4
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Liu P, Zhang K, Tong C, Liu T, Zheng J. Progesterone alleviates esketamine-induced hypomyelination via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the developing rat brain. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2024; 40:1202-1217. [PMID: 36946765 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2193058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The neurodevelopmental toxicity of anesthetics has been confirmed repeatedly, and esketamine is now widely used in pediatric surgeries. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) evolved into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) and formed myeline sheath during the early brain development. In this study, we investigated whether esketamine exposure interrupted development of OPCs and induced hypomyelination in rats. Further we explored the roles of PI3K/Akt phosphorylation in OPCs development and myelination. Sprague Dawley rats with different ages (postnatal day (P) 1, 3, 7 and 12) were exposed to 40mg/kg esketamine. Progesterone treatment was given (16 mg/kg per day for 3 days) 24 h after esketamine exposure via the intraperitoneal route. Corpus callosum tissues were collected at P8 or P14 for western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Esketamine exposure at P7 and P12 significantly reduced myelin basic protein (MBP) expression and CC1+ OLs number in corpus callosum. Esketamine exposure at P7 not only aggravated the mature OLs apoptosis, also decreased the OPCs proliferation and differentiation, which was related with dephosphorylation of PI3K/Akt. Progesterone was able to promote OPCs differentiation and ameliorate esketamine-induced hypomyelination by enhancing PI3K/Akt phosphorylation. Stage-dependent abnormality of OPCs/OLs after esketamine leads to the esketamine-induced hypomyelination. Esketamine interrupted OPCs evolution via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which can be ameliorated by progesterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center & National Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center & National Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyang Tong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center & National Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center & National Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijian Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center & National Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Simons M, Gibson EM, Nave KA. Oligodendrocytes: Myelination, Plasticity, and Axonal Support. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041359. [PMID: 38621824 PMCID: PMC11444305 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The myelination of axons has evolved to enable fast and efficient transduction of electrical signals in the vertebrate nervous system. Acting as an electric insulator, the myelin sheath is a multilamellar membrane structure around axonal segments generated by the spiral wrapping and subsequent compaction of oligodendroglial plasma membranes. These oligodendrocytes are metabolically active and remain functionally connected to the subjacent axon via cytoplasmic-rich myelinic channels for movement of metabolites and macromolecules to and from the internodal periaxonal space under the myelin sheath. Increasing evidence indicates that oligodendrocyte numbers, specifically in the forebrain, and myelin as a dynamic cellular compartment can both respond to physiological demands, collectively referred to as adaptive myelination. This review summarizes our current understanding of how myelin is generated, how its function is dynamically regulated, and how oligodendrocytes support the long-term integrity of myelinated axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich 80802, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Erin M Gibson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford 94305, California, USA
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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6
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Bagheri H, Friedman H, Hadwen A, Jarweh C, Cooper E, Oprea L, Guerrier C, Khadra A, Collin A, Cohen‐Adad J, Young A, Victoriano GM, Swire M, Jarjour A, Bechler ME, Pryce RS, Chaurand P, Cougnaud L, Vuckovic D, Wilion E, Greene O, Nishiyama A, Benmamar‐Badel A, Owens T, Grouza V, Tuznik M, Liu H, Rudko DA, Zhang J, Siminovitch KA, Peterson AC. Myelin basic protein mRNA levels affect myelin sheath dimensions, architecture, plasticity, and density of resident glial cells. Glia 2024; 72:1893-1914. [PMID: 39023138 PMCID: PMC11426340 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) is essential for both elaboration and maintenance of CNS myelin, and its reduced accumulation results in hypomyelination. How different Mbp mRNA levels affect myelin dimensions across the lifespan and how resident glial cells may respond to such changes are unknown. Here, to investigate these questions, we used enhancer-edited mouse lines that accumulate Mbp mRNA levels ranging from 8% to 160% of wild type. In young mice, reduced Mbp mRNA levels resulted in corresponding decreases in Mbp protein accumulation and myelin sheath thickness, confirming the previously demonstrated rate-limiting role of Mbp transcription in the control of initial myelin synthesis. However, despite maintaining lower line specific Mbp mRNA levels into old age, both MBP protein levels and myelin thickness improved or fully normalized at rates defined by the relative Mbp mRNA level. Sheath length, in contrast, was affected only when mRNA levels were very low, demonstrating that sheath thickness and length are not equally coupled to Mbp mRNA level. Striking abnormalities in sheath structure also emerged with reduced mRNA levels. Unexpectedly, an increase in the density of all glial cell types arose in response to reduced Mbp mRNA levels. This investigation extends understanding of the role MBP plays in myelin sheath elaboration, architecture, and plasticity across the mouse lifespan and illuminates a novel axis of glial cell crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Bagheri
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Hana Friedman
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Amanda Hadwen
- Department of PhysiologyMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Celia Jarweh
- Department of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Ellis Cooper
- Department of PhysiologyMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Lawrence Oprea
- Integrated Program in NeuroscienceMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | | | - Anmar Khadra
- Integrated Program in NeuroscienceMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Armand Collin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de MontrealMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Julien Cohen‐Adad
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de MontrealMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Amanda Young
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Gerardo Mendez Victoriano
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Matthew Swire
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Andrew Jarjour
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Marie E. Bechler
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Rachel S. Pryce
- Department of ChemistryUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Pierre Chaurand
- Department of ChemistryUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Lise Cougnaud
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryConcordia UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Dajana Vuckovic
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryConcordia UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Elliott Wilion
- Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - Owen Greene
- Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - Akiko Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
- The Connecticut Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - Anouk Benmamar‐Badel
- Department of Neurobiology ResearchInstitute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Trevor Owens
- Department of Neurobiology ResearchInstitute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Vladimir Grouza
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Marius Tuznik
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Hanwen Liu
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - David A. Rudko
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum and Toronto General Hospital Research InstitutesTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Katherine A. Siminovitch
- Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum and Toronto General Hospital Research InstitutesTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Alan C. Peterson
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of OncologyMcGill UniversityQuebecCanada
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7
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van de Wetering R, Bibi R, Biggerstaff A, Hong S, Pengelly B, Prisinzano TE, La Flamme AC, Kivell BM. Nalfurafine promotes myelination in vitro and facilitates recovery from cuprizone + rapamycin-induced demyelination in mice. Glia 2024; 72:1801-1820. [PMID: 38899723 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The kappa opioid receptor has been identified as a promising therapeutic target for promoting remyelination. In the current study, we evaluated the ability of nalfurafine to promote oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation and myelination in vitro, and its efficacy in an extended, cuprizone-induced demyelination model. Primary mouse (C57BL/6J) OPC-containing cultures were treated with nalfurafine (0.6-200 nM), clemastine (0.01-100 μM), T3 (30 ng/mL), or vehicle for 5 days. Using immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy, we found that nalfurafine treatment increased OPC differentiation, oligodendrocyte (OL) morphological complexity, and myelination of nanofibers in vitro. Adult male mice (C57BL/6J) were given a diet containing 0.2% cuprizone and administered rapamycin (10 mg/kg) once daily for 12 weeks followed by 6 weeks of treatment with nalfurafine (0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg), clemastine (10 mg/kg), or vehicle. We quantified the number of OLs using immunofluorescence, gross myelination using black gold staining, and myelin thickness using electron microscopy. Cuprizone + rapamycin treatment produced extensive demyelination and was accompanied by a loss of mature OLs, which was partially reversed by therapeutic administration of nalfurafine. We also assessed these mice for functional behavioral changes in open-field, horizontal bar, and mouse motor skill sequence tests (complex wheel running). Cuprizone + rapamycin treatment resulted in hyperlocomotion, poorer horizontal bar scores, and less distance traveled on the running wheels. Partial recovery was observed on both the horizontal bar and complex running wheel tests over time, which was facilitated by nalfurafine treatment. Taken together, these data highlight the potential of nalfurafine as a remyelination-promoting therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross van de Wetering
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Rabia Bibi
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Andy Biggerstaff
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sheein Hong
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bria Pengelly
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Thomas E Prisinzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Anne C La Flamme
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bronwyn M Kivell
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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8
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Siems SB, Gargareta VI, Schadt LC, Daguano Gastaldi V, Jung RB, Piepkorn L, Casaccia P, Sun T, Jahn O, Werner HB. Developmental maturation and regional heterogeneity but no sexual dimorphism of the murine CNS myelin proteome. Glia 2024. [PMID: 39344832 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The molecules that constitute myelin are critical for the integrity of axon/myelin-units and thus speed and precision of impulse propagation. In the CNS, the protein composition of oligodendrocyte-derived myelin has evolutionarily diverged and differs from that in the PNS. Here, we hypothesized that the CNS myelin proteome also displays variations within the same species. We thus used quantitative mass spectrometry to compare myelin purified from mouse brains at three developmental timepoints, from brains of male and female mice, and from four CNS regions. We find that most structural myelin proteins are of approximately similar abundance across all tested conditions. However, the abundance of multiple other proteins differs markedly over time, implying that the myelin proteome matures between P18 and P75 and then remains relatively constant until at least 6 months of age. Myelin maturation involves a decrease of cytoskeleton-associated proteins involved in sheath growth and wrapping, along with an increase of all subunits of the septin filament that stabilizes mature myelin, and of multiple other proteins which potentially exert protective functions. Among the latter, quinoid dihydropteridine reductase (QDPR) emerges as a highly specific marker for mature oligodendrocytes and myelin. Conversely, female and male mice display essentially similar myelin proteomes. Across the four CNS regions analyzed, we note that spinal cord myelin exhibits a comparatively high abundance of HCN2-channels, required for particularly long sheaths. These findings show that CNS myelination involves developmental maturation of myelin protein composition, and regional differences, but absence of evidence for sexual dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie B Siems
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vasiliki-Ilya Gargareta
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leonie C Schadt
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Ramona B Jung
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars Piepkorn
- Neuroproteomics Group, Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Translational Neuroproteomics Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Patrizia Casaccia
- Neuroscience Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Jahn
- Neuroproteomics Group, Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Translational Neuroproteomics Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hauke B Werner
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty for Biology and Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Li YJ, He J, Zhang QH, Wei B, Tao X, Yu CC, Shi LN, Wang ZH, Li X, Wang LB. Olig2-enriched exosomes: A novel therapeutic approach for cuprizone-induced demyelination. Neuroscience 2024; 555:41-51. [PMID: 39033991 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The research aims to study the therapeutic impact of HEK293-XPack-Olig2 cell-derived exosomes on remyelination of the corpus callosum in a cuprizone-induced demyelinating disease model. A lentiviral vector expressing Olig2 was constructed using XPack technology. The highly abundant Olig2 exosomes (ExoOs) were isolated by centrifugation for subsequent experiments. Western blot, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and electron microscopy showed no significant difference in particle size and morphology between Exos and ExoOs, and a high level of Olig2 expression could be detected in ExoOs, indicating that exosome modification by XPack technology was successful. The Black Gold/Fluromyelin staining analysis showed that the ExoOs group significantly reduced the demyelination area in the corpus callosum compared to the PBS and Exos groups. Additionally, the PDGFRα/APC staining of the demyelinating region revealed an increase in APC+ oligodendrocytes and a decrease in PDGFRα+ oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in the ExoOs group. Furthermore, there was evident myelin regeneration in the demyelinated areas after ExoOs treatment, with better g-ratio and a higher number of intact myelin compared to the other treatment groups. The level of Sox10 expression in the brain tissue of the ExoOs group were higher compared to those of the PBS and Exos groups. The demyelination process can be significantly slowed down by the XPack-modified exosomes, the differentiation of OPCs promoted, and myelin regeneration accelerated under pathological conditions. This process is presumed to be achieved by changing the expression level of intracellular differentiation-related genes after exosomes transport Olig2 enriched into oligodendrocyte progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Li
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China; Ningxia Nervous System Disease Diagnosis & Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Jin He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Qing-Hua Zhang
- Neurosurgery Department of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital/Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Bo Wei
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Xiang Tao
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Cheng-Chao Yu
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Li-Na Shi
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Zhen-Hai Wang
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China; Ningxia Nervous System Disease Diagnosis & Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
| | - Li-Bin Wang
- The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China; Neurosurgery Department of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital/Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China; Ningxia Nervous System Disease Diagnosis & Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China.
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10
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Fukushima N, Miyamoto Y, Yamauchi J. CRISPR/CasRx-Mediated Knockdown of Rab7B Restores Incomplete Cell Shape Induced by Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease-Associated PLP1 p.Ala243Val. Neurosci Insights 2024; 19:26331055241276873. [PMID: 39280331 PMCID: PMC11402064 DOI: 10.1177/26331055241276873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD, currently known as hypomyelinating leukodystrophy type 1 [HLD1]) is a hereditary hypomyelinating and/or demyelinating disease associated with the proteolipid protein 1 (plp1) gene in the central nervous system (CNS). One of the major causes of this condition is incomplete or defective oligodendroglial cell myelin sheath formation triggered by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent unfolded protein response (UPR). The HLD1-associated Ala-243-to-Val mutation (p.Ala243Val) of PLP1 is widely recognized to trigger defective oligodendroglial cell morphological differentiation, primarily due to ER stress. We have previously reported that knockdown of Rab7B (also known as Rab42), a small GTP/GDP-binding protein involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking around the lysosome, can recover chemical ER stress-induced incomplete cell shapes in the FBD-102b cell line, a model of oligodendroglial cell morphological differentiation. Here, we present findings indicating that incomplete cell shapes induced by PLP1 p.Ala243Val can be restored by knockdown of Rab7B using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CasRx (also known as Cas13d) system. Also, the knockdown promoted the trafficking of PLP1 p.Ala243Val to lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1)-positive organelles. These results highlight the unique role of Rab7B knockdown in modulating oligodendroglial cell morphological changes and potentially facilitating the transport of mutated PLP1 to LAMP1-positive organelles, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for alleviating HLD1 phenotypes, at least in part, at the molecular and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Fukushima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Tiwari V, Prajapati B, Asare Y, Damkou A, Ji H, Liu L, Naser N, Gouna G, Leszczyńska KB, Mieczkowski J, Dichgans M, Wang Q, Kawaguchi R, Shi Z, Swarup V, Geschwind DH, Prinz M, Gokce O, Simons M. Innate immune training restores pro-reparative myeloid functions to promote remyelination in the aged central nervous system. Immunity 2024; 57:2173-2190.e8. [PMID: 39053462 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The reduced ability of the central nervous system to regenerate with increasing age limits functional recovery following demyelinating injury. Previous work has shown that myelin debris can overwhelm the metabolic capacity of microglia, thereby impeding tissue regeneration in aging, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In a model of demyelination, we found that a substantial number of genes that were not effectively activated in aged myeloid cells displayed epigenetic modifications associated with restricted chromatin accessibility. Ablation of two class I histone deacetylases in microglia was sufficient to restore the capacity of aged mice to remyelinate lesioned tissue. We used Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), a live-attenuated vaccine, to train the innate immune system and detected epigenetic reprogramming of brain-resident myeloid cells and functional restoration of myelin debris clearance and lesion recovery. Our results provide insight into aging-associated decline in myeloid function and how this decay can be prevented by innate immune reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vini Tiwari
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bharat Prajapati
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yaw Asare
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alkmini Damkou
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hao Ji
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Lu Liu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nawraa Naser
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Garyfallia Gouna
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katarzyna B Leszczyńska
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 02093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Mieczkowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 02093 Warsaw, Poland; 3P-Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Martin Dichgans
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Qing Wang
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zechuan Shi
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Vivek Swarup
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ozgun Gokce
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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12
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Ho CY, Persohn S, Sankar M, Territo PR. Development of Myelin Growth Charts of the White Matter Using T1 Relaxometry. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:1335-1345. [PMID: 39025639 PMCID: PMC11392380 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Myelin maturation occurs in late fetal life to early adulthood, with the most rapid changes observed in the first few years of infancy. To quantify the degree of myelination, a specific MR imaging sequence is required to measure the changes in tissue proton relaxivity (R1). R1 positively correlates with the degree of myelination maturation at a given age. Similar to head circumference charts, these data can be used to develop normal growth charts for specific white matter tracts to detect pathologies involving abnormal myelination. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study using normal clinical pediatric brain MR images with the MP2RAGE sequence to generate T1 maps. The T1 maps were segmented to 75 brain regions from a brain atlas (white matter and gyri). Statistical modeling for all subjects across regions and the age range was computed, and estimates of population-level percentile ranking were computed to describe the effective myelination rate as a function of age. Test-retest analysis was performed to assess reproducibility. Logistic trendline and regression were performed for selected white matter regions and plotted for growth charts. RESULTS After exclusion for abnormal MR imaging or diseases affecting myelination from the electronic medical record, 103 subject MR images were included, ranging from birth to 17 years of age. Test-retest analysis resulted in a high correlation for white matter (r = 0.88) and gyri (r = 0.95). All white matter regions from the atlas had significant P values for logistic regression with R 2 values ranging from 0.41 to 0.99. CONCLUSIONS These data can serve as a myelination growth chart to permit patient comparisons with normal levels with respect to age and brain regions, thus improving detection of developmental disorders affecting myelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Y Ho
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (C.Y.H., P.R.T.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Scott Persohn
- Department of Medicine (S.P., M.S., P.R.T.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Meghana Sankar
- Department of Medicine (S.P., M.S., P.R.T.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Paul R Territo
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (C.Y.H., P.R.T.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine (S.P., M.S., P.R.T.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute (P.R.T.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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13
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Fujiwara Y, Eitoku S, Sakae N, Izumi T, Kumazoe H, Kitajima M. Single-point macromolecular proton fraction mapping using a 0.3 T permanent magnet MRI system: phantom and healthy volunteer study. Radiol Phys Technol 2024:10.1007/s12194-024-00843-5. [PMID: 39251498 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-024-00843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
In a 0.3 T permanent-magnet magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, quantifying myelin content is challenging owing to long imaging times and low signal-to-noise ratio. macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) offers a quantitative assessment of myelin in the nervous system. We aimed to demonstrate the practical feasibility of MPF mapping in the brain using a 0.3 T MRI. Both 0.3 T and 3.0 T MRI systems were used. The MPF-mapping protocol used a standard 3D fast spoiled gradient-echo sequence based on the single-point reference method. Proton density, T1, and magnetization transfer-weighted images were obtained from a protein phantom at 0.3 T and 3.0 T to calculate MPF maps. MPF was measured in all phantom sections to assess its relationship to protein concentration. We acquired MPF maps for 16 and 8 healthy individuals at 0.3 T and 3.0 T, respectively, measuring MPF in nine brain tissues. Differences in MPF between 0.3 T and 3.0 T, and between 0.3 T and previously reported MPF at 0.5 T, were investigated. Pearson's correlation coefficient between protein concentration and MPF at 0.3 T and 3.0 T was 0.92 and 0.90, respectively. The 0.3 T MPF of brain tissue strongly correlated with 3.0 T MPF and literature values measured at 0.5 T. The absolute mean differences in MPF between 0.3 T and 0.5 T were 0.42% and 1.70% in white and gray matter, respectively. Single-point MPF mapping using 0.3 T permanent-magnet MRI can effectively assess myelin content in neural tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- Department of Medical Imaging Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1, Kuhonji, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 862-0976, Japan.
| | - Shoma Eitoku
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8556, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Sakae
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Omuta National Hospital, 1044-1, Tachibana, Omuta, 837-0911, Japan
| | - Takahisa Izumi
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Saishun Medical Center, 2659 Suya, Koshi, Kumamoto, 861-1196, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kumazoe
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Omuta National Hospital, 1044-1, Tachibana, Omuta, 837-0911, Japan
| | - Mika Kitajima
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1, Kuhonji, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 862-0976, Japan
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14
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Armstrong RC, Sullivan GM, Perl DP, Rosarda JD, Radomski KL. White matter damage and degeneration in traumatic brain injury. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:677-692. [PMID: 39127568 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition that can resolve over time but all too often leads to persistent symptoms, and the risk of poor patient outcomes increases with aging. TBI damages neurons and long axons within white matter tracts that are critical for communication between brain regions; this causes slowed information processing and neuronal circuit dysfunction. This review focuses on white matter injury after TBI and the multifactorial processes that underlie white matter damage, potential for recovery, and progression of degeneration. A multiscale perspective across clinical and preclinical advances is presented to encourage interdisciplinary insights from whole-brain neuroimaging of white matter tracts down to cellular and molecular responses of axons, myelin, and glial cells within white matter tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina C Armstrong
- Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Military Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative (MTBI(2)), Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Genevieve M Sullivan
- Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Military Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative (MTBI(2)), Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel P Perl
- Pathology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Defense - Uniformed Services University Brain Tissue Repository, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jessica D Rosarda
- Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kryslaine L Radomski
- Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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Spieth L, Simons M. Remember oligodendrocytes: Uncovering their overlooked role in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002798. [PMID: 39264958 PMCID: PMC11421816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has evolved from focusing solely on neurons to recognizing the role of glia. A recent study in PLOS Biology revealed that oligodendrocytes are an important source of Aβ that impairs neuronal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Spieth
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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16
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Preka E, Lastra Romero A, Sun Y, Onetti Vilalta Y, Seitz T, Fragkopoulou A, Betsholtz C, Osman AM, Blomgren K. Rapid and robust isolation of microglia and vascular cells from brain subregions for integrative single-cell analyses. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35838. [PMID: 39211933 PMCID: PMC11357767 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell isolation protocols from brain tissue include prolonged ex vivo processing durations, rendering them suboptimal for transcriptomic studies. Particularly for microglia and vascular cells, current isolation methods produce lower yields, necessitating addition of an enrichment step, and use of large tissue volumes - in most cases whole brain tissue - to obtain sufficient yields. Here, we developed a simple, rapid, and reproducible cell isolation method for generating single-cell suspensions from micro-dissected brain regions, enriched for microglia and vascular cells, without an enrichment step. Cells isolated using this method are suitable for molecular profiling studies using 10 × Genomics Chromium single-cell RNA sequencing with high reproducibility. Our method is valuable for longitudinal unbiased molecular profiling of microglia and vascular cells within different brain regions, spanning multiple time points across physiological development or disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Preka
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Biomedicum A4, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alejandro Lastra Romero
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Biomedicum A4, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Yara Onetti Vilalta
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Biomedicum A4, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thea Seitz
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Biomedicum A4, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adamantia Fragkopoulou
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Biomedicum A4, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Campus Flemingsberg, Neo, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ahmed M. Osman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Biomedicum A4, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Biomedicum A4, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Macur K, Roszkowska A, Czaplewska P, Miękus-Purwin N, Klejbor I, Moryś J, Bączek T. Pressure Cycling Technology Combined With MicroLC-SWATH Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Sex-Related Differences Between Male and Female Cerebella: A Promising Approach to Investigating Proteomics Differences in Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Proteomics Clin Appl 2024:e202400001. [PMID: 39205462 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202400001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pressure cycling technology (PCT) coupled with data-independent sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) can be a powerful tool for identifying and quantifying biomarkers (e.g., proteins) in complex biological samples. Mouse models are frequently used in brain studies, including those focusing on different neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. More and more pieces of evidence have suggested that sex-related differences in the brain impact the rates, clinical manifestations, and therapy outcomes of these disorders. However, sex-based differences in the proteomic profiles of mouse cerebella have not been widely investigated. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this pilot study, we evaluate the applicability of coupling PCT sample preparation with microLC-SWATH-MS analysis to map and identify differences in the proteomes of two female and two male mice cerebellum samples. RESULTS We identified and quantified 174 proteins in mice cerebella. A comparison of the proteomic profiles revealed that the levels of 11 proteins in the female and male mice cerebella varied significantly. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although this study utilizes a small sample, our results indicate that the studied male and female mice cerebella possessed differing proteome compositions, mainly with respect to energy metabolism processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Macur
- Core Facility Laboratories, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Roszkowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paulina Czaplewska
- Core Facility Laboratories, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Natalia Miękus-Purwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ilona Klejbor
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Janusz Moryś
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bączek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Nursing and Medical Rescue, Institute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
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18
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Fukushima N, Miyamoto Y, Yamauchi J. Knockdown of Rab9 Recovers Defective Morphological Differentiation Induced by Chemical ER Stress Inducer or PMD-Associated PLP1 Mutant Protein in FBD-102b Cells. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024; 31:420-435. [PMID: 39311306 PMCID: PMC11417737 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology31030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Small GTP-binding proteins of the Rab family regulate intracellular vesicle trafficking across many aspects of the transport system. Among these, Rab9 is recognized for its role in controlling the transport system not only around the trans-Golgi network but also around the late endosome. However, the specific functions across different cell types and tissues remain unclear. Here, for the first time, we report that Rab9 negatively regulates morphological changes in the FBD-102b cell line, an oligodendroglial precursor cell line undergoing morphological differentiation. The knockdown of Rab9 led to an increase in cell shape alterations characterized by widespread membrane extensions. These changes were accompanied by increased expression levels of oligodendroglial cell differentiation and myelination marker proteins. Notably, the knockdown of Rab9 was capable of recovering defective cell morphological changes induced by tunicamycin, an inducer of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is one of the major causes of oligodendroglial cell diseases such as Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD, currently known as hypomyelinating leukodystrophy type 1 [HLD1]). In addition, Rab9 knockdown recovered levels of ER stress marker proteins and differentiation markers. Similar results were obtained in the cases of dithiothreitol (DTT), another chemical ER stress inducer, as well as HLD1-associated proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) mutant protein. These results indicate a unique role for Rab9 in oligodendroglial cell morphological changes, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating diseases such as HLD1 at the molecular and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Fukushima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (N.F.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (N.F.); (Y.M.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Junji Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (N.F.); (Y.M.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
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19
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Teo W, Morgan ML, Stys PK. Quantitation of the physicochemical properties of myelin using Nile Red fluorescence spectroscopy. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 39152713 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Myelin is a vital structure that is key to rapid saltatory conduction in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Much work has been done over the decades examining the biochemical composition and morphology of myelin at the light and electron microscopic levels. Here we report a method to study myelin based on the fluorescent probe Nile Red. This lipophilic dye readily partitions into live and chemicallyfixed myelin producing bright, well-resolved images of the sheath. Using spectral confocal microscopy, a complete emission spectrum of Nile Red fluorescence can be acquired for each pixel in an image. The solvatochromic properties of Nile Red cause its emission spectrum to change depending on the polarity of its local environment. Therefore, measuring spectral shifts can report subtle changes in the physicochemical properties of myelin. We show differences in myelin polarity in central versus peripheral nervous system and in different regions of central nervous system white matter of the mouse brain, together with developmental and sex variations. This technique is also well suited for measuring subtle changes in myelin properties in live ex vivo white matter specimens. We also demonstrate how light deprivation induces a myelin polarity change in adult mouse optic nerve underscoring a continuing myelin plasticity in response to axonal activity well into adulthood. The Nile Red spectroscopic method allows measurement of subtle physicochemical changes in myelin that can importantly influence its electrical properties and by extension, conduction velocities in axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Teo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M L Morgan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - P K Stys
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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20
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Bame X, Hill RA. Mitochondrial network reorganization and transient expansion during oligodendrocyte generation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6979. [PMID: 39143079 PMCID: PMC11324877 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) give rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes of the brain. This process persists throughout life and is essential for recovery from neurodegeneration. To better understand the cellular checkpoints that occur during oligodendrogenesis, we determined the mitochondrial distribution and morphometrics across the oligodendrocyte lineage in mouse and human cerebral cortex. During oligodendrocyte generation, mitochondrial content expands concurrently with a change in subcellular partitioning towards the distal processes. These changes are followed by an abrupt loss of mitochondria in the oligodendrocyte processes and myelin, coinciding with sheath compaction. This reorganization and extensive expansion and depletion take 3 days. Oligodendrocyte mitochondria are stationary over days while OPC mitochondrial motility is modulated by animal arousal state within minutes. Aged OPCs also display decreased mitochondrial size, volume fraction, and motility. Thus, mitochondrial dynamics are linked to oligodendrocyte generation, dynamically modified by their local microenvironment, and altered in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xhoela Bame
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Robert A Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
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21
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Jörg LM, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Lefebvre V, Sock E, Wegner M. Transcription Factors Sox8 and Sox10 Contribute with Different Importance to the Maintenance of Mature Oligodendrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8754. [PMID: 39201442 PMCID: PMC11354551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the vertebrate nervous system co-express the transcription factor Sox10 and its paralog Sox8. While Sox10 plays crucial roles throughout all stages of oligodendrocyte development, including terminal differentiation, the loss of Sox8 results in only mild and transient perturbations. Here, we aimed to elucidate the roles and interrelationships of these transcription factors in fully differentiated oligodendrocytes and myelin maintenance in adults. For that purpose, we conducted targeted deletions of Sox10, Sox8, or both in the brains of two-month-old mice. Three weeks post-deletion, none of the resulting mouse mutants exhibited significant alterations in oligodendrocyte numbers, myelin sheath counts, myelin ultrastructure, or myelin protein levels in the corpus callosum, despite efficient gene inactivation. However, differences were observed in the myelin gene expression in mice with Sox10 or combined Sox8/Sox10 deletion. RNA-sequencing analysis on dissected corpus callosum confirmed substantial alterations in the oligodendrocyte expression profile in mice with combined deletion and more subtle changes in mice with Sox10 deletion alone. Notably, Sox8 deletion did not affect any aspects of the expression profile related to the differentiated state of oligodendrocytes or myelin integrity. These findings extend our understanding of the roles of Sox8 and Sox10 in oligodendrocytes into adulthood and have important implications for the functional relationship between the paralogs and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Mirja Jörg
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.M.J.); (E.S.)
| | | | - Véronique Lefebvre
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Elisabeth Sock
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.M.J.); (E.S.)
| | - Michael Wegner
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.M.J.); (E.S.)
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22
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Liu Z, Chen YC, Ao P. Entangled biphoton generation in the myelin sheath. Phys Rev E 2024; 110:024402. [PMID: 39294965 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.024402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Consciousness within the brain hinges on the synchronized activities of millions of neurons, but the mechanism responsible for orchestrating such synchronization remains elusive. In this study we employ cavity quantum electrodynamics to explore entangled biphoton generation through cascade emission in the vibration spectrum of C-H bonds within the lipid molecules' tails. The results indicate that the cylindrical cavity formed by a myelin sheath can facilitate spontaneous photon emission from the vibrational modes and generate a significant number of entangled photon pairs. The abundance of C-H bond vibration units in neurons can therefore serve as a source of quantum entanglement resources for the nervous system. These findings may offer insight into the brain's ability to leverage these resources for quantum information transfer, thereby elucidating a potential source for the synchronized activity of neurons.
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23
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Osso LA, Hughes EG. Dynamics of mature myelin. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1449-1461. [PMID: 38773349 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01642-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Myelin, which is produced by oligodendrocytes, insulates axons to facilitate rapid and efficient action potential propagation in the central nervous system. Traditionally viewed as a stable structure, myelin is now known to undergo dynamic modulation throughout life. This Review examines these dynamics, focusing on two key aspects: (1) the turnover of myelin, involving not only the renewal of constituents but the continuous wholesale replacement of myelin membranes; and (2) the structural remodeling of pre-existing, mature myelin, a newly discovered form of neural plasticity that can be stimulated by external factors, including neuronal activity, behavioral experience and injury. We explore the mechanisms regulating these dynamics and speculate that myelin remodeling could be driven by an asymmetry in myelin turnover or reactivation of pathways involved in myelin formation. Finally, we outline how myelin remodeling could have profound impacts on neural function, serving as an integral component of behavioral adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Osso
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ethan G Hughes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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24
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Baudouin L, Adès N, Kanté K, Bachelin C, Hmidan H, Deboux C, Panic R, Ben Messaoud R, Velut Y, Hamada S, Pionneau C, Duarte K, Poëa-Guyon S, Barnier JV, Nait Oumesmar B, Bouslama-Oueghlani L. Antagonistic actions of PAK1 and NF2/Merlin drive myelin membrane expansion in oligodendrocytes. Glia 2024; 72:1518-1540. [PMID: 38794866 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, the formation of myelin by oligodendrocytes (OLs) relies on the switch from the polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton to its depolymerization. The molecular mechanisms that trigger this switch have yet to be elucidated. Here, we identified P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) as a major regulator of actin depolymerization in OLs. Our results demonstrate that PAK1 accumulates in OLs in a kinase-inhibited form, triggering actin disassembly and, consequently, myelin membrane expansion. Remarkably, proteomic analysis of PAK1 binding partners enabled the identification of NF2/Merlin as its endogenous inhibitor. Our findings indicate that Nf2 knockdown in OLs results in PAK1 activation, actin polymerization, and a reduction in OL myelin membrane expansion. This effect is rescued by treatment with a PAK1 inhibitor. We also provide evidence that the specific Pak1 loss-of-function in oligodendroglia stimulates the thickening of myelin sheaths in vivo. Overall, our data indicate that the antagonistic actions of PAK1 and NF2/Merlin on the actin cytoskeleton of the OLs are critical for proper myelin formation. These findings have broad mechanistic and therapeutic implications in demyelinating diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Noémie Adès
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Kadia Kanté
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Bachelin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Hatem Hmidan
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Al-Quds University, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Cyrille Deboux
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Radmila Panic
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Rémy Ben Messaoud
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Yoan Velut
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Soumia Hamada
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, UMS Production et Analyse des Données en Sciences de la vie et en Santé, PASS, Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Pionneau
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, UMS Production et Analyse des Données en Sciences de la vie et en Santé, PASS, Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Kévin Duarte
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, UMR 9197, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Sandrine Poëa-Guyon
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, UMR 9197, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Jean-Vianney Barnier
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, UMR 9197, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Brahim Nait Oumesmar
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Lamia Bouslama-Oueghlani
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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25
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Olveda GE, Barasa MN, Hill RA. Microglial phagocytosis of single dying oligodendrocytes is mediated by CX3CR1 but not MERTK. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114385. [PMID: 38935500 PMCID: PMC11304498 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte death is common in aging and neurodegenerative disease. In these conditions, dying oligodendrocytes must be efficiently removed to allow remyelination and to prevent a feedforward degenerative cascade. Removal of this cellular debris is thought to primarily be carried out by resident microglia. To investigate the cellular dynamics underlying how microglia do this, we use a single-cell cortical demyelination model combined with longitudinal intravital imaging of dual-labeled transgenic mice. Following phagocytosis, single microglia clear the targeted oligodendrocyte and its myelin sheaths in one day via a precise, rapid, and stereotyped sequence. Deletion of the fractalkine receptor, CX3CR1, delays the microglial phagocytosis of the cell soma but has no effect on clearance of myelin sheaths. Unexpectedly, deletion of the phosphatidylserine receptor, MERTK, has no effect on oligodendrocyte or myelin sheath clearance. Thus, separate molecular signals are used to detect, engage, and clear distinct sub-compartments of dying oligodendrocytes to maintain tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genaro E Olveda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Maryanne N Barasa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Robert A Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
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26
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Filippini A, Cannone E, Mazziotti V, Carini G, Mutti V, Ravelli C, Gennarelli M, Schiavone M, Russo I. Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase-2 Controls the Differentiation and Maturation of Oligodendrocytes in Mice and Zebrafish. Biomolecules 2024; 14:870. [PMID: 39062584 PMCID: PMC11274935 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2), a gene mutated in familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD), controls multiple cellular processes important for GLIA physiology. Interestingly, emerging studies report that LRRK2 is highly expressed in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) compared to the pathophysiology of other brain cells and oligodendrocytes (OLs) in PD. Altogether, these observations suggest crucial function(s) of LRRK2 in OPCs/Ols, which would be interesting to explore. In this study, we investigated the role of LRRK2 in OLs. We showed that LRRK2 knock-out (KO) OPC cultures displayed defects in the transition of OPCs into OLs, suggesting a role of LRRK2 in OL differentiation. Consistently, we found an alteration of myelin basic protein (MBP) striosomes in LRRK2 KO mouse brains and reduced levels of oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2) and Mbp in olig2:EGFP and mbp:RFP transgenic zebrafish embryos injected with lrrk2 morpholino (MO). Moreover, lrrk2 knock-down zebrafish exhibited a lower amount of nerve growth factor (Ngf) compared to control embryos, which represents a potent regulator of oligodendrogenesis and myelination. Overall, our findings indicate that LRRK2 controls OL differentiation, affecting the number of mature OLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Filippini
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Elena Cannone
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Valentina Mazziotti
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Giulia Carini
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Veronica Mutti
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Cosetta Ravelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Marco Schiavone
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Isabella Russo
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (V.M.)
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27
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Biswas DD, Shi Y, El Haddad L, Sethi R, Huston M, Kehoe S, Scarrow ER, Strickland LM, Pucci LA, Dhindsa JS, Hunanyan A, La Spada AR, ElMallah MK. Respiratory neuropathology in spinocerebellar ataxia type 7. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e170444. [PMID: 39053472 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.170444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is an autosomal dominant neurological disorder caused by deleterious CAG repeat expansion in the coding region of the ataxin 7 gene (polyQ-ataxin-7). Infantile-onset SCA7 leads to severe clinical manifestation of respiratory distress, but the exact cause of respiratory impairment remains unclear. Using the infantile-SCA7 mouse model, the SCA7266Q/5Q mouse, we examined the impact of pathological polyQ-ataxin-7 on hypoglossal (XII) and phrenic motor units. We identified the transcript profile of the medulla and cervical spinal cord and investigated the XII and phrenic nerves and the neuromuscular junctions in the diaphragm and tongue. SCA7266Q/5Q astrocytes showed significant intranuclear inclusions of ataxin-7 in the XII and putative phrenic motor nuclei. Transcriptomic analysis revealed dysregulation of genes involved in amino acid and neurotransmitter transport and myelination. Additionally, SCA7266Q/5Q mice demonstrated blunted efferent output of the XII nerve and demyelination in both XII and phrenic nerves. Finally, there was an increased number of neuromuscular junction clusters with higher expression of synaptic markers in SCA7266Q/5Q mice compared with WT controls. These preclinical findings elucidate the underlying pathophysiology responsible for impaired glial cell function and death leading to dysphagia, aspiration, and respiratory failure in infantile SCA7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debolina D Biswas
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yihan Shi
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Léa El Haddad
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ronit Sethi
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Meredith Huston
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sean Kehoe
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Evelyn R Scarrow
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura M Strickland
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Logan A Pucci
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Justin S Dhindsa
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ani Hunanyan
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Albert R La Spada
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurology, Biological Chemistry, and Neurobiology and Behavior, and
- UCI Center for Neurotherapeutics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Mai K ElMallah
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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28
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Zhao D, Hu M, Liu S. Glial cells in the mammalian olfactory bulb. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1426094. [PMID: 39081666 PMCID: PMC11286597 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1426094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian olfactory bulb (OB), an essential part of the olfactory system, plays a critical role in odor detection and neural processing. Historically, research has predominantly focused on the neuronal components of the OB, often overlooking the vital contributions of glial cells. Recent advancements, however, underscore the significant roles that glial cells play within this intricate neural structure. This review discus the diverse functions and dynamics of glial cells in the mammalian OB, mainly focused on astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, olfactory ensheathing cells, and radial glia cells. Each type of glial contributes uniquely to the OB's functionality, influencing everything from synaptic modulation and neuronal survival to immune defense and axonal guidance. The review features their roles in maintaining neural health, their involvement in neurodegenerative diseases, and their potential in therapeutic applications for neuroregeneration. By providing a comprehensive overview of glial cell types, their mechanisms, and interactions within the OB, this article aims to enhance our understanding of the olfactory system's complexity and the pivotal roles glial cells play in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaolin Liu
- Isakson Center for Neurological Disease Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, United States
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29
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Robertson A, Miller DJ, Hull A, Butler BE. Quantifying myelin density in the feline auditory cortex. Brain Struct Funct 2024:10.1007/s00429-024-02821-4. [PMID: 38981886 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02821-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The cerebral cortex comprises many distinct regions that differ in structure, function, and patterns of connectivity. Current approaches to parcellating these regions often take advantage of functional neuroimaging approaches that can identify regions involved in a particular process with reasonable spatial resolution. However, neuroanatomical biomarkers are also very useful in identifying distinct cortical regions either in addition to, or in place of functional measures. For example, differences in myelin density are thought to relate to functional differences between regions, are sensitive to individual patterns of experience, and have been shown to vary across functional hierarchies in a predictable manner. Accordingly, the current study provides quantitative stereological estimates of myelin density for each of the 13 regions that make up the feline auditory cortex. We demonstrate that significant differences can be observed between auditory cortical regions, with the highest myelin density observed in the regions that comprise the auditory core (i.e., the primary auditory cortex and anterior auditory field). Moreover, our myeloarchitectonic map suggests that myelin density varies in a hierarchical fashion that conforms to the traditional model of spatial organization in auditory cortex. Taken together, these results establish myelin as a useful biomarker for parcellating auditory cortical regions, and provide detailed estimates against which other, less invasive methods of quantifying cortical myelination may be compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Robertson
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street N, London, ON, N6A5C1, Canada
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior, University of Illinois Urbana-Champagne, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Adam Hull
- Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Blake E Butler
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street N, London, ON, N6A5C1, Canada.
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
- National Centre for Audiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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30
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Natarajan C, Le LHD, Gunasekaran M, Tracey KJ, Chernoff D, Levine YA. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve ameliorates inflammation and disease activity in a rat EAE model of multiple sclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322577121. [PMID: 38968104 PMCID: PMC11252997 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322577121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disorder that is associated with functional impairment and accruing disability. There are multiple U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs that effectively dampen inflammation and slow disability progression. However, these agents do not work well for all patients and are associated with side effects that may limit their use. The vagus nerve (VN) provides a direct communication conduit between the CNS and the periphery, and modulation of the inflammatory reflex via electrical stimulation of the VN (VNS) shows efficacy in ameliorating pathology in several CNS and autoimmune disorders. We therefore investigated the impact of VNS in a rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS. In this study, VNS-mediated neuroimmune modulation is demonstrated to effectively decrease EAE disease severity and duration, infiltration of neutrophils and pathogenic lymphocytes, myelin damage, blood-brain barrier disruption, fibrinogen deposition, and proinflammatory microglial activation. VNS modulates expression of genes that are implicated in MS pathogenesis, as well as those encoding myelin proteins and transcription factors regulating new myelin synthesis. Together, these data indicate that neuroimmune modulation via VNS may be a promising approach to treat MS, that not only ameliorates symptoms but potentially also promotes myelin repair (remyelination).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kevin J. Tracey
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
- Department of Neurosurgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
| | | | - Yaakov A. Levine
- SetPoint Medical, Valencia, CA91355
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm171 76, Sweden
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31
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Isasi E, Wajner M, Duarte JA, Olivera-Bravo S. Cerebral White Matter Alterations Associated With Oligodendrocyte Vulnerability in Organic Acidurias: Insights in Glutaric Aciduria Type I. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:33. [PMID: 38963434 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The white matter is an important constituent of the central nervous system, containing axons, oligodendrocytes, and its progenitor cells, astrocytes, and microglial cells. Oligodendrocytes are central for myelin synthesis, the insulating envelope that protects axons and allows normal neural conduction. Both, oligodendrocytes and myelin, are highly vulnerable to toxic factors in many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders associated with disturbances of myelination. Here we review the main alterations in oligodendrocytes and myelin observed in some organic acidurias/acidemias, which correspond to inherited neurometabolic disorders biochemically characterized by accumulation of potentially neurotoxic organic acids and their derivatives. The yet incompletely understood mechanisms underlying the high vulnerability of OLs and/or myelin in glutaric acidemia type I, the most prototypical cerebral organic aciduria, are particularly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Isasi
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Unidad Académica de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Neurobiología y Neuropatología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Río Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana Avila Duarte
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Serviço de Radiología, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Silvia Olivera-Bravo
- Departamento de Neurobiología y Neuropatología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Song J, Saglam A, Zuchero JB, Buch VP. Translating Molecular Approaches to Oligodendrocyte-Mediated Neurological Circuit Modulation. Brain Sci 2024; 14:648. [PMID: 39061389 PMCID: PMC11275066 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) exhibits remarkable adaptability throughout life, enabled by intricate interactions between neurons and glial cells, in particular, oligodendrocytes (OLs) and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). This adaptability is pivotal for learning and memory, with OLs and OPCs playing a crucial role in neural circuit development, synaptic modulation, and myelination dynamics. Myelination by OLs not only supports axonal conduction but also undergoes adaptive modifications in response to neuronal activity, which is vital for cognitive processing and memory functions. This review discusses how these cellular interactions and myelin dynamics are implicated in various neurocircuit diseases and disorders such as epilepsy, gliomas, and psychiatric conditions, focusing on how maladaptive changes contribute to disease pathology and influence clinical outcomes. It also covers the potential for new diagnostics and therapeutic approaches, including pharmacological strategies and emerging biomarkers in oligodendrocyte functions and myelination processes. The evidence supports a fundamental role for myelin plasticity and oligodendrocyte functionality in synchronizing neural activity and high-level cognitive functions, offering promising avenues for targeted interventions in CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Song
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Aybike Saglam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.S.); (J.B.Z.)
| | - J. Bradley Zuchero
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.S.); (J.B.Z.)
| | - Vivek P. Buch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.S.); (J.B.Z.)
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Zhang H, Wang J, Qu Y, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Brain Injury Biomarkers and Applications in Neurological Diseases. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024:00029330-990000000-01116. [PMID: 38915214 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Neurological diseases are a major health concern, and brain injury is a typical pathological process in various neurological disorders. Different biomarkers in the blood or the cerebrospinal fluid are associated with specific physiological and pathological processes. They are vital in identifying, diagnosing, and treating brain injuries. In this review, we described biomarkers for neuronal cell body injury (neuron-specific enolase, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1, αII-spectrin), axonal injury (neurofilament proteins, tau), astrocyte injury (S100β, glial fibrillary acidic protein), demyelination (myelin basic protein), autoantibodies, and other emerging biomarkers (extracellular vesicles, microRNAs). We aimed to summarize the applications of these biomarkers and their related interests and limits in the diagnosis and prognosis for neurological diseases, including traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and infection. In addition, a reasonable outlook for brain injury biomarkers as ideal detection tools for neurological diseases is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Jilin 130021, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Jilin 130021, China
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Yang Y, Suo N, Cui SH, Wu X, Ren XY, Liu Y, Guo R, Xie X. Trametinib, an anti-tumor drug, promotes oligodendrocytes generation and myelin formation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01313-9. [PMID: 38871922 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are differentiated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Demyelination is a common feature of many neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and leukodystrophies. Although spontaneous remyelination can happen after myelin injury, nevertheless, it is often insufficient and may lead to aggravated neurodegeneration and neurological disabilities. Our previous study has discovered that MEK/ERK pathway negatively regulates OPC-to-OL differentiation and remyelination in mouse models. To facilitate possible clinical evaluation, here we investigate several MEK inhibitors which have been approved by FDA for cancer therapies in both mouse and human OPC-to-OL differentiation systems. Trametinib, the first FDA approved MEK inhibitor, displays the best effect in stimulating OL generation in vitro among the four MEK inhibitors examined. Trametinib also significantly enhances remyelination in both MOG-induced EAE model and LPC-induced focal demyelination model. More exciting, trametinib facilitates the generation of MBP+ OLs from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs)-derived OPCs. Mechanism study indicates that trametinib promotes OL generation by reducing E2F1 nuclear translocation and subsequent transcriptional activity. In summary, our studies indicate a similar inhibitory role of MEK/ERK in human and mouse OL generation. Targeting the MEK/ERK pathway might help to develop new therapies or repurpose existing drugs for demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Na Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Shi-Hao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin-Yue Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ren Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China.
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Wang S, Li C, Kang X, Su X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Deng X, Huang H, Li T, Lu D, Cai W, Lu Z, Wei L, Lu T. Agomelatine promotes differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and preserves white matter integrity after cerebral ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241260100. [PMID: 38853430 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241260100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
White matter injury contributes to neurological disorders after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The repair of white matter injury is dependent on the re-myelination by oligodendrocytes. Both melatonin and serotonin antagonist have been proved to protect against post-stroke white matter injury. Agomelatine (AGM) is a multi-functional treatment which is both a melatonin receptor agonist and selective serotonin receptor antagonist. Whether AGM protects against white matter injury after stroke and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, using the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of AGM in stroke mice. Sensorimotor and cognitive functions, white matter integrity, oligodendroglial regeneration and re-myelination in stroke hemisphere after AGM treatment were analyzed. We found that AGM efficiently preserved white matter integrity, reduced brain tissue loss, attenuated long-term sensorimotor and cognitive deficits in tMCAO models. AGM treatment promoted OPC differentiation and enhanced re-myelination both in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo, although OPC proliferation was unaffected. Mechanistically, AGM activated low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 (LRP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling thus promoted OPC differentiation and re-myelination after stroke. Inhibition of PPARγ or knock-down of LRP1 in OPCs reversed the beneficial effects of AGM. Altogether, our data indicate that AGM represents a novel therapy against white matter injury after cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyi Li
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinmei Kang
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotao Su
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuge Wang
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sanxin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Deng
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huipeng Huang
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiemei Li
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danli Lu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengqi Lu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Rahman MM, Islam A, Mamun MA, Afroz MS, Nabi MM, Sakamoto T, Sato T, Kahyo T, Takahashi Y, Okino A, Setou M. Low-Temperature Plasma Pretreatment Enhanced Cholesterol Detection in Brain by Desorption Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Imaging. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:1227-1236. [PMID: 38778699 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a primary lipid molecule in the brain that contains one-fourth of the total body cholesterol. Abnormal cholesterol homeostasis is associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) technique is a powerful tool for studying lipidomics and metabolomics. Among the MSI techniques, desorption electrospray ionization-MSI (DESI-MSI) has been used advantageously to study brain lipidomics due to its soft and ambient ionization nature. However, brain cholesterol is poorly ionized. To this end, we have developed a new method for detecting brain cholesterol by DESI-MSI using low-temperature plasma (LTP) pretreatment as an ionization enhancement. In this method, the brain sections were treated with LTP for 1 and 2 min prior to DESI-MSI analyses. Interestingly, the MS signal intensity of cholesterol (at m/z 369.35 [M + H - H2O]+) was more than 2-fold higher in the 1 min LTP-treated brain section compared to the untreated section. In addition, we detected cholesterol, more specifically excluding isomers by targeted-DESI-MSI in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and similar results were observed: the signal intensity of each cholesterol transition (m/z 369.4 → 95.1, 109.1, 135.1, 147.1, and 161.1) was increased by more than 2-fold due to 1 min LTP treatment. Cholesterol showed characteristic distributions in the fiber tract region, including the corpus callosum and anterior commissure, anterior part of the brain where LTP markedly (p < 0.001) enhanced the cholesterol intensity. In addition, the distributions of some unknown analytes were exclusively detected in the LTP-treated section. Our study revealed LTP pretreatment as a potential strategy to ionize molecules that show poor ionization efficiency in the MSI technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Muedur Rahman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Preppers Co., Ltd., Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Preppers Co., Ltd., Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al Mamun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Preppers Co., Ltd., Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Mst Sayela Afroz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Md Mahamodun Nabi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takumi Sakamoto
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Preppers Co., Ltd., Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomohito Sato
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kahyo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Quantum Imaging Laboratory, International Mass Imaging and Spatial Omics Center, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Preppers Co., Ltd., Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Okino
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, J2-32, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- International Mass Imaging and Spatial Omics Center, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
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Tancreda G, Ravera S, Panfoli I. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential: Bioactive Molecules and Dietary Interventions in Multiple Sclerosis Management. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5595-5613. [PMID: 38921006 PMCID: PMC11202103 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, the etiology of which is still unclear. Its hallmarks are inflammation and axonal damage. As a disease primarily impacting younger individuals, the social cost of MS is high. It has been proposed that environmental factors, smoking, and dietary habits acting on a genetic susceptibility play a role in MS. Recent studies indicate that diet can significantly influence the onset and progression of MS. This review delves into the impact of natural bioactive molecules on MS development and explores the dietary interventions that hold promise in managing the disease. Dietary patterns, including ketogenic and Mediterranean diets, are discussed. Theories about the potential mechanistic associations beneath the noted effects are also proposed. Several dietary components and patterns demonstrated the potential for a significant impact on MS. However, extensive prospective clinical trials are necessary to fully understand the role of natural bioactive molecules as disease modifiers in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Tancreda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Isabella Panfoli
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Tremolanti C, Angeloni E, Da Pozzo E, Germelli L, Giacomelli C, Scalzi E, Taliani S, Da Settimo F, Mensah-Nyagan AG, Martini C, Costa B. Human oligodendrocyte-like cell differentiation is promoted by TSPO-mediated endogenous steroidogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167174. [PMID: 38631406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells that, in case of demyelination, are recruited at the lesion site to remyelinate the axons and therefore restore the transmission of nerve impulses. It has been widely documented that exogenously administered steroid molecules are potent inducers of myelination. However, little is known about how neurosteroids produced de novo by OLs can impact this process. Here, we employed a human OL precursor cell line to investigate the role of de novo neurosteroidogenesis in the regulation of OLs differentiation, paying particular attention to the 18 kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) which controls the rate-limiting step of the neurosteroidogenic process. Our results showed that, over the time of OL maturation, the availability of cholesterol, which is the neurosteroidogenesis initial substrate, and key members of the neurosteroidogenic machinery, including TSPO, were upregulated. In addition, OLs differentiation was impaired following neurosteroidogenesis inhibition and TSPO silencing. On the contrary, TSPO pharmacological stimulation promoted neurosteroidogenic function and positively impacted differentiation. Collectively, our results suggest that de novo neurosteroidogenesis is actively involved in the autocrine and paracrine regulation of human OL differentiation. Moreover, since TSPO was able to promote OL differentiation through a positive modulation of the neurosteroid biosynthetic process, it could be exploited as a promising target to tackle demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tremolanti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Elisa Angeloni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Da Pozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Germelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
| | - Eduardo Scalzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
| | - Ayikoé-Guy Mensah-Nyagan
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, INSERM U1119, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67 000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
| | - Barbara Costa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
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Parandavar E, Shafizadeh M, Ahmadian S, Javan M. Long-term demyelination and aging-associated changes in mice corpus callosum; evidence for the role of accelerated aging in remyelination failure in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Aging Cell 2024:e14211. [PMID: 38804500 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disorder affecting the central nervous system. Evidence suggests that age-related neurodegeneration contributes to disability progression during the chronic stages of MS. Aging is characterized by decreased regeneration potential and impaired myelin repair in the brain. It is hypothesized that accelerated cellular aging contributes to the functional decline associated with neurodegenerative diseases. We assessed the impact of aging on myelin content in the corpus callosum (CC) and compared aging with the long-term demyelination (LTD) consequents induced by 12 weeks of feeding with a cuprizone (CPZ) diet. Initially, evaluating myelin content in 2-, 6-, and 18-month-old mice revealed a reduction in myelin content, particularly at 18 months. Myelin thickness was decreased and the g-ratio increased in aged mice. Although a lower myelin content and higher g-ratio were observed in LTD model mice, compared to the normally aged mice, both aging and LTD exhibited relatively similar myelin ultrastructure. Our findings provide evidence that LTD exhibits the hallmarks of aging such as elevated expression of senescence-associated genes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and high level of oxidative stress as observed following normal aging. We also investigated the senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in O4+ late oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). The senescent O4+/β-galactosidase+ cells were elevated in the CPZ diet. Our data showed that the myelin degeneration in CC occurs throughout the lifespan, and LTD induced by CPZ accelerates the aging process which may explain the impairment of myelin repair in patients with progressive MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Parandavar
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Shafizadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Deng Q, Parker E, Wu C, Zhu L, Liu TCY, Duan R, Yang L. Repurposing Ketamine in the Therapy of Depression and Depression-Related Disorders: Recent Advances and Future Potential. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0239. [PMID: 38916735 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression represents a prevalent and enduring mental disorder of significant concern within the clinical domain. Extensive research indicates that depression is very complex, with many interconnected pathways involved. Most research related to depression focuses on monoamines, neurotrophic factors, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, tryptophan metabolism, energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, the gut-brain axis, glial cell-mediated inflammation, myelination, homeostasis, and brain neural networks. However, recently, Ketamine, an ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has been discovered to have rapid antidepressant effects in patients, leading to novel and successful treatment approaches for mood disorders. This review aims to summarize the latest findings and insights into various signaling pathways and systems observed in depression patients and animal models, providing a more comprehensive view of the neurobiology of anxious-depressive-like behavior. Specifically, it highlights the key mechanisms of ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant, aiming to enhance the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, we discuss the potential of ketamine as a prophylactic or therapeutic intervention for stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianting Deng
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Emily Parker
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Chongyun Wu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Duan
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Lv J, Yu H, Shan F, Ye J, Li A, Jing J, Zheng M, Tian D. Effect of Myelin Debris on the Phenotypic Transformation of Astrocytes after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. Neuroscience 2024; 547:1-16. [PMID: 38570063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), the accumulation of myelin debris can serve as proinflammatory agents, hindering axon regrowth and exacerbating damage. While astrocytes have been implicated in the phagocytosis of myelin debris, the impact of this process on the phenotypic transformation of astrocytes and their characteristics following SCI in rats is not well understood. Here, we demonstrated that the conditioned medium of myelin debris can trigger apoptosis in rat primary astrocytes in vitro. Using a compressional SCI model in rats, we observed that astrocytes can engulf myelin debris through ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family A member 1 (ABCA1), and these engulfed cells tend to transform into A1 astrocytes, as indicated by C3 expression. At 4 days post-injury (dpi), astrocytes rapidly transitioned into A1 astrocytes and maintained this phenotype from 4 to 28 dpi, while A2 astrocytes, characterized by S100, were only detected at 14 and 28 dpi. Reactive astrocytes, identified by Nestin, emerged at 4 and 7 dpi, whereas scar-forming astrocytes, marked by N-cadherin, were evident at 14 and 28 dpi. This study illustrates the distribution patterns of astrocyte subtypes and the potential interplay between astrocytes and myelin debris after SCI in rats. We emphasize that myelin debris can induce astrocyte apoptosis in vitro and promote the transformation of astrocytes into A1 astrocytes in vivo. These two classification methods are not mutually exclusive, but rather complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Fangli Shan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jianan Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Juehua Jing
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Meige Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Dasheng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
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Zhang W, Tariq M, Roy B, Shen J, Khan A, Altaf Malik N, He S, Baig SM, Fang X, Zhang J. Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous novel variant in DOP1A gene in the Pakistan family with neurodevelopmental disabilities: case report and literature review. Front Genet 2024; 15:1351710. [PMID: 38818041 PMCID: PMC11137318 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1351710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hereditary neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are prevalent in poorly prognostic pediatric diseases, but the pathogenesis of NDDs is still unclear. Irregular myelination could be one of the possible causes of NDDs. Case presentation Here, whole exome sequencing was carried out for a consanguineous Pakistani family with NDDs to identify disease-associated variants. The co-segregation of candidate variants in the family was validated using Sanger sequencing. The potential impact of the gene on NDDs has been supported by conservation analysis, protein prediction, and expression analysis. A novel homozygous variant DOP1A(NM_001385863.1):c.2561A>G was identified. It was concluded that the missense variant might affect the protein-protein binding sites of the critical MEC interaction region of DOP1A, and DOP1A-MON2 may cause stability deficits in Golgi-endosome protein traffic. Proteolipid protein (PLP) and myelin-associate glycoprotein (MAG) could be targets of the DOP1A-MON2 Golgi-endosome traffic complex, especially during the fetal stage and the early developmental stages. This further supports the perspective that disorganized myelinogenesis due to congenital DOP1A deficiency might cause neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Conclusion Our case study revealed the potential pathway of myelinogenesis-relevant NDDs and identified DOP1A as a potential NDDs-relevant gene in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juan Shen
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ayaz Khan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Altaf Malik
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sijie He
- Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Genomics in Maternal and Child Health, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shahid Mahmood Baig
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaodong Fang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Huang R, Carter ER, Hughes EG, Welle CG. Paired vagus nerve stimulation drives precise remyelination and motor recovery after myelin loss. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593609. [PMID: 38766201 PMCID: PMC11100833 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Myelin loss in the central nervous system can cause permanent motor or cognitive deficits in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). While current immunotherapy treatments decrease the frequency of demyelinating episodes, they do not promote myelin repair or functional recovery. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a neuromodulation therapy which enhances neuroplasticity and the recovery of motor function after stroke, but its effects on myelin repair are not known. To determine if VNS influences myelin repair, we applied VNS following a demyelinating injury and measured longitudinal myelin dynamics and functional recovery. We found that VNS promotes remyelination by increasing the generation of myelinating oligodendrocytes. Pairing VNS with a skilled reach task leads to the regeneration of myelin sheaths on previously myelinated axon segments, enhancing the restoration of the original pattern of myelination. Moreover, the magnitude of sheath pattern restoration correlates with long-term motor functional improvement. Together, these results suggest that recovery of the myelin sheath pattern is a key factor in the restoration of motor function following myelin loss and identify paired VNS as a potential remyelination therapy to treat demyelinating diseases.
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Liu X, Xin DE, Zhong X, Zhao C, Li Z, Zhang L, Dourson AJ, Lee L, Mishra S, Bayat AE, Nicholson E, Seibel WL, Yan B, Mason J, Turner BJ, Gonsalvez DG, Ong W, Chew SY, Ghosh B, Yoon SO, Xin M, He Z, Tchieu J, Wegner M, Nave KA, Franklin RJM, Dutta R, Trapp BD, Hu M, Smith MA, Jankowski MP, Barton SK, He X, Lu QR. Small-molecule-induced epigenetic rejuvenation promotes SREBP condensation and overcomes barriers to CNS myelin regeneration. Cell 2024; 187:2465-2484.e22. [PMID: 38701782 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Remyelination failure in diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS) was thought to involve suppressed maturation of oligodendrocyte precursors; however, oligodendrocytes are present in MS lesions yet lack myelin production. We found that oligodendrocytes in the lesions are epigenetically silenced. Developing a transgenic reporter labeling differentiated oligodendrocytes for phenotypic screening, we identified a small-molecule epigenetic-silencing-inhibitor (ESI1) that enhances myelin production and ensheathment. ESI1 promotes remyelination in animal models of demyelination and enables de novo myelinogenesis on regenerated CNS axons. ESI1 treatment lengthened myelin sheaths in human iPSC-derived organoids and augmented (re)myelination in aged mice while reversing age-related cognitive decline. Multi-omics revealed that ESI1 induces an active chromatin landscape that activates myelinogenic pathways and reprograms metabolism. Notably, ESI1 triggered nuclear condensate formation of master lipid-metabolic regulators SREBP1/2, concentrating transcriptional co-activators to drive lipid/cholesterol biosynthesis. Our study highlights the potential of targeting epigenetic silencing to enable CNS myelin regeneration in demyelinating diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhao Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dazhuan Eric Xin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Xiaowen Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
| | - Chuntao Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zhidan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Adam J Dourson
- Department of Anesthesia, Division of Pain Management, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lindsay Lee
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shreya Mishra
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Arman E Bayat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eva Nicholson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - William L Seibel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bingfang Yan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
| | - Joel Mason
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Bradley J Turner
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - David G Gonsalvez
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - William Ong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, India, 500078
| | - Sung Ok Yoon
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mei Xin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zhigang He
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Tchieu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael Wegner
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robin J M Franklin
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GP, UK
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Bruce D Trapp
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Matthew A Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA; Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Michael P Jankowski
- Department of Anesthesia, Division of Pain Management, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Pediatric Pain Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Samantha K Barton
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Xuelian He
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.
| | - Q Richard Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Tang Y, Wu X, Li J, Li Y, Xu X, Li G, Zhang P, Qin C, Wu LJ, Tang Z, Tian DS. The Emerging Role of Microglial Hv1 as a Target for Immunomodulation in Myelin Repair. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1176-1203. [PMID: 38029392 PMCID: PMC11081154 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), the myelin sheath ensures efficient interconnection between neurons and contributes to the regulation of the proper function of neuronal networks. The maintenance of myelin and the well-organized subtle process of myelin plasticity requires cooperation among myelin-forming cells, glial cells, and neural networks. The process of cooperation is fragile, and the balance is highly susceptible to disruption by microenvironment influences. Reactive microglia play a critical and complicated role in the demyelination and remyelination process. Recent studies have shown that the voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 is selectively expressed in microglia in CNS, which regulates intracellular pH and is involved in the production of reactive oxygen species, underlying multifaceted roles in maintaining microglia function. This paper begins by examining the molecular mechanisms of demyelination and emphasizes the crucial role of the microenvironment in demyelination. It focuses specifically on the role of Hv1 in myelin repair and its therapeutic potential in CNS demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Tang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yuanwei Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gaigai Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chuan Qin
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zhouping Tang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dai-Shi Tian
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Vornholt E, Liharska LE, Cheng E, Hashemi A, Park YJ, Ziafat K, Wilkins L, Silk H, Linares LM, Thompson RC, Sullivan B, Moya E, Nadkarni GN, Sebra R, Schadt EE, Kopell BH, Charney AW, Beckmann ND. Characterizing cell type specific transcriptional differences between the living and postmortem human brain. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.01.24306590. [PMID: 38746297 PMCID: PMC11092720 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.01.24306590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) is often used to define gene expression patterns characteristic of brain cell types as well as to identify cell type specific gene expression signatures of neurological and mental illnesses in postmortem human brains. As methods to obtain brain tissue from living individuals emerge, it is essential to characterize gene expression differences associated with tissue originating from either living or postmortem subjects using snRNA-seq, and to assess whether and how such differences may impact snRNA-seq studies of brain tissue. To address this, human prefrontal cortex single nuclei gene expression was generated and compared between 31 samples from living individuals and 21 postmortem samples. The same cell types were consistently identified in living and postmortem nuclei, though for each cell type, a large proportion of genes were differentially expressed between samples from postmortem and living individuals. Notably, estimation of cell type proportions by cell type deconvolution of pseudo-bulk data was found to be more accurate in samples from living individuals. To allow for future integration of living and postmortem brain gene expression, a model was developed that quantifies from gene expression data the probability a human brain tissue sample was obtained postmortem. These probabilities are established as a means to statistically account for the gene expression differences between samples from living and postmortem individuals. Together, the results presented here provide a deep characterization of both differences between snRNA-seq derived from samples from living and postmortem individuals, as well as qualify and account for their effect on common analyses performed on this type of data.
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Watanabe H, Ikawa M, Kakae M, Shirakawa H, Kaneko S, Ono M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of radioiodinated benzoxazole and benzothiazole derivatives for imaging myelin in multiple sclerosis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 103:129691. [PMID: 38452827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that results from destruction of the myelin sheath. Due to heterogeneity of the symptoms and course of MS, periodic monitoring of disease activity is important for diagnosis and treatment. In the present study, we synthesized four radioiodinated benzoxazole (BO) and benzothiazole (BT) derivatives, and evaluated their utility as novel myelin imaging probes for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In a biodistribution study using normal mice, three compounds ([125I]BO-1, [125I]BO-2, and [125I]BT-2) displayed moderate brain uptake (2.7, 2.9, and 2.8% ID/g, respectively) at 2 min postinjection. On ex vivo autoradiography using normal mice, [125I]BO-2 showed the most preferable ratio of radioactivity accumulation in white matter (myelin-rich region) versus gray matter (myelin-deficient region). In addition, the radioactivity of [125I]BO-2 was reduced in the lysophosphatidylcholine-induced demyelination region. In conclusion, [123I]BO-2 demonstrated the fundamental characteristics of a myelin imaging probe for SPECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Miho Ikawa
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masashi Kakae
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shuji Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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48
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Poggi G, Klaus F, Pryce CR. Pathophysiology in cortico-amygdala circuits and excessive aversion processing: the role of oligodendrocytes and myelination. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae140. [PMID: 38712320 PMCID: PMC11073757 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress-related psychiatric illnesses, such as major depressive disorder, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, present with alterations in emotional processing, including excessive processing of negative/aversive stimuli and events. The bidirectional human/primate brain circuit comprising anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala is of fundamental importance in processing emotional stimuli, and in rodents the medial prefrontal cortex-amygdala circuit is to some extent analogous in structure and function. Here, we assess the comparative evidence for: (i) Anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex<->amygdala bidirectional neural circuits as major contributors to aversive stimulus processing; (ii) Structural and functional changes in anterior cingulate cortex<->amygdala circuit associated with excessive aversion processing in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders, and in medial prefrontal cortex<->amygdala circuit in rodent models of chronic stress-induced increased aversion reactivity; and (iii) Altered status of oligodendrocytes and their oligodendrocyte lineage cells and myelination in anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex<->amygdala circuits in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders and stress models. The comparative evidence from humans and rodents is that their respective anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex<->amygdala circuits are integral to adaptive aversion processing. However, at the sub-regional level, the anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex structure-function analogy is incomplete, and differences as well as similarities need to be taken into account. Structure-function imaging studies demonstrate that these neural circuits are altered in both human stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders and rodent models of stress-induced increased aversion processing. In both cases, the changes include altered white matter integrity, albeit the current evidence indicates that this is decreased in humans and increased in rodent models. At the cellular-molecular level, in both humans and rodents, the current evidence is that stress disorders do present with changes in oligodendrocyte lineage, oligodendrocytes and/or myelin in these neural circuits, but these changes are often discordant between and even within species. Nonetheless, by integrating the current comparative evidence, this review provides a timely insight into this field and should function to inform future studies-human, monkey and rodent-to ascertain whether or not the oligodendrocyte lineage and myelination are causally involved in the pathophysiology of stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Poggi
- Preclinical Laboratory for Translational Research into Affective Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federica Klaus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher R Pryce
- Preclinical Laboratory for Translational Research into Affective Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- URPP Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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49
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Khelfaoui H, Ibaceta-Gonzalez C, Angulo MC. Functional myelin in cognition and neurodevelopmental disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:181. [PMID: 38615095 PMCID: PMC11016012 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
In vertebrates, oligodendrocytes (OLs) are glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) responsible for the formation of the myelin sheath that surrounds the axons of neurons. The myelin sheath plays a crucial role in the transmission of neuronal information by promoting the rapid saltatory conduction of action potentials and providing neurons with structural and metabolic support. Saltatory conduction, first described in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), is now generally recognized as a universal evolutionary innovation to respond quickly to the environment: myelin helps us think and act fast. Nevertheless, the role of myelin in the central nervous system, especially in the brain, may not be primarily focused on accelerating conduction speed but rather on ensuring precision. Its principal function could be to coordinate various neuronal networks, promoting their synchronization through oscillations (or rhythms) relevant for specific information processing tasks. Interestingly, myelin has been directly involved in different types of cognitive processes relying on brain oscillations, and myelin plasticity is currently considered to be part of the fundamental mechanisms for memory formation and maintenance. However, despite ample evidence showing the involvement of myelin in cognition and neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by cognitive impairments, the link between myelin, brain oscillations, cognition and disease is not yet fully understood. In this review, we aim to highlight what is known and what remains to be explored to understand the role of myelin in high order brain processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasni Khelfaoui
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Cristobal Ibaceta-Gonzalez
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Maria Cecilia Angulo
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, 75014, Paris, France.
- GHU-PARIS Psychiatrie Et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, 75014, Paris, France.
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50
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Fu X, Wan XJ, Liu JY, Sun Q, Shen Y, Li J, Mao CJ, Ma QH, Wang F, Liu CF. Effects of sleep fragmentation on white matter pathology in a rat model of cerebral small vessel disease. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad225. [PMID: 37638817 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Mounting evidence indicated the correlation between sleep and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). However, little is known about the exact causality between poor sleep and white matter injury, a typical signature of CSVD, as well as the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and control Wistar Kyoto rats were subjected to sleep fragmentation (SF) for 16 weeks. The effects of chronic sleep disruption on the deep white matter and cognitive performance were observed. RESULTS SHR were validated as a rat model for CSVD. Fragmented sleep induced strain-dependent white matter abnormalities, characterized by reduced myelin integrity, impaired oligodendrocytes precursor cells (OPC) maturation and pro-inflammatory microglial polarization. Partially reversible phenotypes of OPC and microglia were observed in parallel following sleep recovery. CONCLUSIONS Long-term SF-induced pathological effects on the deep white matter in a rat model of CSVD. The pro-inflammatory microglial activation and the block of OPC maturation may be involved in the mechanisms linking sleep to white matter injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Fu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Wan
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun-Yi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun Shen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Mao
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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