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Batard T, Taillé C, Guilleminault L, Bozek A, Floch VBL, Pfaar O, Canonica WG, Akdis C, Shamji MH, Mascarell L. Allergen Immunotherapy for the Prevention and Treatment of Asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2024. [PMID: 39363801 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is the predominant phenotype among asthmatics. Although conventional pharmacotherapy is a central component in the management of asthma, it does not enable control of asthma symptoms in all patients. In recent decades, some uncontrolled asthmatic patients, especially those with allergic asthma, have benefited from biological therapies. However, biologics do not address all the unmet needs left by conventional pharmacotherapy. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that neither conventional pharmacotherapy nor biological therapies have disease-modifying properties. In this context, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) represents an indispensable component of the therapeutic arsenal against allergic asthma, due to its disease-modifying immunological effects. In this review article, funded by an AIT manufacturer, we find clinical trials support AIT as the only treatment option able both to improve allergic asthma symptoms and to prevent the onset and worsening of the condition. For patients with severe asthma or other safety concerns, the combination of AIT and biologics offers very promising new treatment modalities for the management of allergic asthma. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT06027073.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Batard
- Innovation & Science Department, Stallergenes Greer, Antony, France
| | - Camille Taillé
- Service de Pneumologie et Centre de référence pour les maladies respiratoires rares, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP Nord-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- CRISALIS F-CRIN Network, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Guilleminault
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toulouse University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Toulouse, France
- CRISALIS/FCRIN, Toulouse, France
| | - Andrzej Bozek
- Clinical Department of Internal Diseases, Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Walter G Canonica
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Cezmi Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed H Shamji
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
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2
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Gorla A, Witonsky J, Elhawary JR, Chen ZJ, Mefford J, Perez-Garcia J, Huntsman S, Hu D, Eng C, Woodruff PG, Sankararaman S, Ziv E, Flint J, Zaitlen N, Burchard E, Rahmani E. Epigenetic patient stratification via contrastive machine learning refines hallmark biomarkers in minoritized children with asthma. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-5066762. [PMID: 39315258 PMCID: PMC11419268 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5066762/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Identifying and refining clinically significant patient stratification is a critical step toward realizing the promise of precision medicine in asthma. Several peripheral blood hallmarks, including total peripheral blood eosinophil count (BEC) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, are routinely used in asthma clinical practice for endotype classification and predicting response to state-of-the-art targeted biologic drugs. However, these biomarkers appear ineffective in predicting treatment outcomes in some patients, and they differ in distribution between racially and ethnically diverse populations, potentially compromising medical care and hindering health equity due to biases in drug eligibility. Here, we propose constructing an unbiased patient stratification score based on DNA methylation (DNAm) and utilizing it to refine the efficacy of hallmark biomarkers for predicting drug response. We developed Phenotype Aware Component Analysis (PACA), a novel contrastive machine-learning method for learning combinations of DNAm sites reflecting biomedically meaningful patient stratifications. Leveraging whole-blood DNAm from Latino (discovery; n=1,016) and African American (replication; n=756) pediatric asthma case-control cohorts, we applied PACA to refine the prediction of bronchodilator response (BDR) to the short-acting β2-agonist albuterol, the most used drug to treat acute bronchospasm worldwide. While BEC and IgE correlate with BDR in the general patient population, our PACA-derived DNAm score renders these biomarkers predictive of drug response only in patients with high DNAm scores. BEC correlates with BDR in patients with upper-quartile DNAm scores (OR 1.12; 95% CI [1.04, 1.22]; P=7.9 e-4) but not in patients with lower-quartile scores (OR 1.05; 95% CI [0.95, 1.17]; P=0.21); and IgE correlates with BDR in above-median (OR for response 1.42; 95% CI [1.24, 1.63]; P=3.9e-7) but not in below-median patients (OR 1.05; 95% CI [0.92, 1.2]; P=0.57). These results hold within the commonly recognized type 2 (T2)-high asthma endotype but not in T2-low patients, suggesting that our DNAm score primarily represents an unknown variation of T2 asthma. Among T2-high patients with high DNAm scores, elevated BEC or IgE also corresponds to baseline clinical presentation that is known to benefit more from biologic treatment, including higher exacerbation scores, higher allergen sensitization, lower BMI, more recent oral corticosteroids prescription, and lower lung function. Our findings suggest that BEC and IgE, the traditional asthma biomarkers of T2-high asthma, are poor biomarkers for millions worldwide. Revisiting existing drug eligibility criteria relying on these biomarkers in asthma medical care may enhance precision and equity in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Gorla
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Witonsky
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Elhawary
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zeyuan Johnson Chen
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joel Mefford
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Javier Perez-Garcia
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology, and Genetics, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sriram Sankararaman
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Flint
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noah Zaitlen
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Esteban Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elior Rahmani
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Djeddi S, Fernandez-Salinas D, Huang GX, Aguiar VRC, Mohanty C, Kendziorski C, Gazal S, Boyce JA, Ober C, Gern JE, Barrett NA, Gutierrez-Arcelus M. Rhinovirus infection of airway epithelial cells uncovers the non-ciliated subset as a likely driver of genetic risk to childhood-onset asthma. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100636. [PMID: 39197446 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. Studies show that wheezing during rhinovirus infection correlates with childhood asthma development. Over 150 non-coding risk variants for asthma have been identified, many affecting gene regulation in T cells, but the effects of most risk variants remain unknown. We hypothesized that airway epithelial cells could also mediate genetic susceptibility to asthma given they are the first line of defense against respiratory viruses and allergens. We integrated genetic data with transcriptomics of airway epithelial cells subject to different stimuli. We demonstrate that rhinovirus infection significantly upregulates childhood-onset asthma-associated genes, particularly in non-ciliated cells. This enrichment is also observed with influenza infection but not with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or cytokine activation. Overall, our results suggest that rhinovirus infection is an environmental factor that interacts with genetic risk factors through non-ciliated airway epithelial cells to drive childhood-onset asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Djeddi
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Daniela Fernandez-Salinas
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Licenciatura en Ciencias Genómicas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - George X Huang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vitor R C Aguiar
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chitrasen Mohanty
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Christina Kendziorski
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Steven Gazal
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - Joshua A Boyce
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - James E Gern
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Nora A Barrett
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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Shen Y, Guan D, Gu Y, Zheng B, Ke X, Hong S, Yang Y. Comparative safety of monoclonal antibodies in chronic inflammatory airway diseases (chronic sinusitis with nasal polyposis and asthma): A network meta-analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112462. [PMID: 38943971 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) targeting specific type 2 immune reactions have been developed as innovative therapeutic approaches for chronic inflammatory airway diseases, such as chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and asthma. However, the clinical safety of these MoAbs and how to choose them are not clear. Therefore, we aimed to assess the systemic drug- and dose-based safety of MoAbs in chronic airway inflammation using network meta-analysis (NMA). METHODS Electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published in English between January 2009 and December 2022. Eligible studies must have clearly reported adverse events (AEs) among the MoAbs' safety data. RESULTS 1). Regarding serious AEs, mepolizumab was significantly safer than placebo; in terms of permanent treatment discontinuation, reslizumab and dupilumab were significantly safer than benralizumab. 2). Regarding asthma worsening, dupilumab was associated with the best safety profile; was safer than dupilumab/300 mg/q2-4w. 3). In terms of injection-site reactions, dupilumab posed a higher risk than placebo; dupilumab/300 mg/qw posed a higher risk than dupilumab/300 mg/q2w and dupilumab/300 mg/q2-4w; lebrikizumab/250 mg/q4w posed a higher risk than lebrikizumab/37.5 mg/q4w; mepolizumab/100 mg/q4w posed a higher risk than mepolizumab/75 mg/q4w; benralizumab/30 mg/q4-8w posed a higher risk than benralizumab/20 mg/q4-8w. 4) In CRSwNP patients combined with asthma, the risks of experiencing AEs were not increased. CONCLUSION Overall, biologics are safe and well tolerated in chronic inflammatory airway disease. This drug- and dose-based NMA provides further evidence on the different safety profiles of different emerging MoAbs. This information may help guide rational drug use and provide clinical recommendations for choosing MoAbs. TRIAL REGISTRATION SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION (PROSPERO #CRD42023387610).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dayu Guan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Ke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Suling Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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5
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Yuan Y. Imbalance of dendritic cell function in pulmonary fibrosis. Cytokine 2024; 181:156687. [PMID: 38963940 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, irreversible interstitial lung disease. The pathogenesis of PF remains unclear, and there are currently no effective treatments or drugs that can completely cure PF. The primary cause of PF is an imbalance of inflammatory response and inappropriate repair following lung injury. Dendritic cells (DCs), as one of the immune cells in the body, play an important role in regulating immune response, immune tolerance, and promoting tissue repair following lung injury. However, the role of DCs in the PF process is ambiguous or even contradictory in the existing literature. On the one hand, DCs can secrete transforming growth factor β(TGF-β), stimulate Th17 cell differentiation, stimulate fibroblast proliferation, and promote the generation of inflammatory factors interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), thereby promoting PF. On the other hand, DCs suppress PF through mechanisms including the secretion of IL-10 to inhibit effector T cell activity in the lungs and promote the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs), as well as by expressing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which facilitate the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This article will infer possible reasons for the different roles of DCs in PF and analyze possible reasons for the functional imbalance of DCs in pulmonary fibrosis from the complexity and changes of the pulmonary microenvironment, autophagy defects of DCs, and changes in the pulmonary physical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China.
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Terl M, Diamant Z, Kosturiak R, Jesenak M. Choosing the right biologic treatment for individual patients with severe asthma - Lessons learnt from Picasso. Respir Med 2024; 234:107766. [PMID: 39181277 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Severe asthma represents a true challenge for clinicians from two basic perspectives, i.e.: a rational assessment of the underlying endo/phenotype and the subsequent selection of the best fitted (personalized) and effective treatment. Even though asthma is a heterogeneous disease, in the majority of therapy-compliant patients, it is possible to achieve (almost) complete disease control or even remission through conventional and quite uniform step-based pharmacotherapy, even without phenotyping. However, the absence of deeper assessment of individual patients revealed its handicap to its fullest extent during the first years of the new millennium upon the launch of biological therapeutics for patients with the most severe forms of asthma. The introduction of differentially targeted biologics into clinical practice became a challenge in terms of understanding and recognizing the etiopathogenetic heterogeneity of the asthmatic inflammation, pheno/endotyping, and, consequently, to choose the right biologic for the right patient. The answers to the following three questions should lead to correct identification of the dominant pheno/endotype: Is it really (severe) asthma? Is it eosinophilic asthma? If eosinophilic, is it (predominantly) allergen-driven? The identification of the best achievable and relevant alliance between endotypes and phenotypes ("euphenotypes") should be based not only on the assessment of the actual clinical characteristics and laboratory biomarkers, but more importantly, on the evaluation of their development and changes over time. In the current paper, we present a pragmatic three-step approach to severe asthma diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Terl
- Department of Pneumology and Phthisiology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Dept Microbiology Immunology & Transplantation, KU Leuven, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Kosturiak
- Outpatient Clinic for Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Nitra, Slovak Republic; Department of Paediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Teaching Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic.
| | - Milos Jesenak
- Department of Paediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Teaching Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic; Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Teaching Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic; Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Teaching Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic.
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Radhouani M, Starkl P. Adjuvant-independent airway sensitization and infection mouse models leading to allergic asthma. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1423938. [PMID: 39157265 PMCID: PMC11327155 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1423938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease of global importance. Mouse models of allergic asthma have been instrumental in advancing research and novel therapeutic strategies for patients. The application of relevant allergens and physiological routes of exposure in such models has led to valuable insights into the complexities of asthma onset and development as well as key disease mechanisms. Furthermore, environmental microbial exposures and infections have been shown to play a fundamental part in asthma pathogenesis and alter disease outcome. In this review, we delve into physiological mouse models of allergic asthma and explore literature reports on most significant interplays between microbial infections and asthma development with relevance to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Radhouani
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Starkl
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Sharma S, Gerber AN, Kraft M, Wenzel SE. Asthma Pathogenesis: Phenotypes, Therapies, and Gaps: Summary of the Aspen Lung Conference 2023. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:154-168. [PMID: 38635858 PMCID: PMC11299090 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0082ws] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although substantial progress has been made in our understanding of asthma pathogenesis and phenotypes over the nearly 60-year history of the Aspen Lung Conferences on asthma, many ongoing challenges exist in our understanding of the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of the disease and an individual patient's response to therapy. This report summarizes the proceedings of the 2023 Aspen Lung Conference, which was organized to review the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of asthma and to better understand the impact of genetic, environmental, cellular, and molecular influences on disease susceptibility, heterogeneity, and severity. The goals of the conference were to review new information about asthma phenotypes, cellular processes, and cellular signatures underlying disease heterogeneity and treatment response. The report concludes with ongoing gaps in our understanding of asthma pathobiology and provides some recommendations for future research to better understand the clinical and basic mechanisms underlying disease heterogeneity in asthma and to advance the development of new treatments for this growing public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Sharma
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Anthony N. Gerber
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Monica Kraft
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York; and
| | - Sally E. Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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9
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Busby J, Menon S, Martin N, Lipworth J, Zhang R, Burhan H, Brown T, Chaudhuri R, Gore R, Jackson DJ, Naveed S, Pantin T, Pfeffer PE, Patel M, Patel PH, Rupani H, Heaney LG. Clinical and Economic Burden of Severe Asthma With Low Blood Eosinophil Counts. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024:S2213-2198(24)00740-2. [PMID: 39032830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 low-severe asthma phenotype is often a result of corticosteroid-overtreated type 2 disease owing to persistent symptoms, often unrelated to asthma and unlikely to respond to high-dose corticosteroid treatment. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize patients with severe asthma with low eosinophil counts (<300 cells/μL) and describe their disease burden and treatment across health care settings in the United Kingdom. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients with severe asthma using linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum-Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and UK Severe Asthma Registry (UKSAR) data indexed patients according to the latest blood eosinophil count (BEC). Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, outcomes, and health care resource use were described by baseline BEC (≤150 and >150 to <300 cells/μL). RESULTS Analysis included 701 (CPRD-HES) and 1,546 (UKSAR) patients; 60.5% and 59.4% had BECs 150 cells/μL or less at baseline, respectively. Across BEC groups, the proportion with uncontrolled asthma (two or more exacerbations) at follow-up (12 months after the index) was 5.4% in CPRD-HES and 45.2% in UKSAR. Maintenance oral corticosteroid use remained high across BEC groups (CPRD-HES: 29.4%; UKSAR: 51.7%), symptom control remained poor (>200 μg short-acting β2 agonist or >500 μg terbutaline/d in CPRD-HES: 48.8%; median Asthma Control Questionnaire-6 score in UKSAR: 2.0 [range, 1.0-3.3]). Health care resource use was similar across BEC groups. CONCLUSIONS Most patients managed in primary care experienced infrequent exacerbations, whereas UKSAR patients had frequent exacerbations. Large proportions of both patient groups had poor symptom control and continued to receive high levels of maintenance oral corticosteroids, increasing the risk of corticosteroid-induced morbidity. These data highlight the need for rigorous assessment of underlying disease pathology to guide appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Busby
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Shruti Menon
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, AstraZeneca UK, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Martin
- BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University of Leicester, Respiratory Sciences, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Lipworth
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, AstraZeneca UK, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruiqi Zhang
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, AstraZeneca UK, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hassan Burhan
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Brown
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Rekha Chaudhuri
- Respiratory Medicine, Gartnavel General Hospital, School of Infection & Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Gore
- Respiratory Medicine, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David J Jackson
- Guy's Severe Asthma Centre, King's Centre for Lung Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shamsa Naveed
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Pantin
- Respiratory Medicine, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul E Pfeffer
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Respiratory Medicine, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Pujan H Patel
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hitasha Rupani
- University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Liam G Heaney
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
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Yamada K, St Croix C, Stolz DB, Tyurina YY, Tyurin VA, Bradley LR, Kapralov AA, Deng Y, Zhou X, Wei Q, Liao B, Fukuda N, Sullivan M, Trudeau J, Ray A, Kagan VE, Zhao J, Wenzel SE. Compartmentalized mitochondrial ferroptosis converges with optineurin-mediated mitophagy to impact airway epithelial cell phenotypes and asthma outcomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5818. [PMID: 38987265 PMCID: PMC11237105 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A stable mitochondrial pool is crucial for healthy cell function and survival. Altered redox biology can adversely affect mitochondria through induction of a variety of cell death and survival pathways, yet the understanding of mitochondria and their dysfunction in primary human cells and in specific disease states, including asthma, is modest. Ferroptosis is traditionally considered an iron dependent, hydroperoxy-phospholipid executed process, which induces cytosolic and mitochondrial damage to drive programmed cell death. However, in this report we identify a lipoxygenase orchestrated, compartmentally-targeted ferroptosis-associated peroxidation process which occurs in a subpopulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, without promoting cell death. Rather, this mitochondrial peroxidation process tightly couples with PTEN-induced kinase (PINK)-1(PINK1)-Parkin-Optineurin mediated mitophagy in an effort to preserve the pool of functional mitochondria and prevent cell death. These combined peroxidation processes lead to altered epithelial cell phenotypes and loss of ciliated cells which associate with worsened asthma severity. Ferroptosis-targeted interventions of this process could preserve healthy mitochondria, reverse cell phenotypic changes and improve disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yamada
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Claudette St Croix
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Donna B Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Vladimir A Tyurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Laura R Bradley
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Alexander A Kapralov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Yanhan Deng
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiuxia Zhou
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Qi Wei
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Bo Liao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Nobuhiko Fukuda
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mara Sullivan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - John Trudeau
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Anuradha Ray
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Jinming Zhao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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11
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Xie T, Zhong LL. Association of serum pertussis antibodies with acute asthma attacks in children. Allergy Asthma Proc 2024; 45:e54-e61. [PMID: 38982606 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2024.45.240030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the serum antibody levels against pertussis toxin (PT) in children experiencing an acute asthma attack and to explore the potential association between these levels and asthma. Methods: A prospective investigation was conducted, which involved 107 children with acute asthma attacks and 77 children diagnosed with bronchitis. The serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels specific to PT were measured by using an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Based on the serum PT-IgG antibody levels, the children with asthma were categorized into three groups: non-pertussis infected, suspected pertussis infected, and recent pertussis infected. The clinical manifestations and pulmonary function of pediatric patients diagnosed with asthma were assessed and compared across various groups. Results: Of the total asthma group, 25 patients tested positive for PT-IgG, whereas only six patients in the bronchitis group were PT-IgG positive. The prevalence of recent pertussis infection was observed to be higher in the asthma group compared with the bronchitis group. Within the asthma group, those with recent pertussis infection exhibited a higher likelihood of experiencing wheezing and impaired lung function in comparison with the non-pertussis infection group. Conclusion: Pertussis infection is relatively common in children with asthma and correlates with the severity of asthma.
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12
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Kermani NZ, Li CX, Versi A, Badi Y, Sun K, Abdel-Aziz MI, Bonatti M, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Djukanovic R, Wheelock Å, Dahlen SE, Howarth P, Guo Y, Chung KF, Adcock IM. Endotypes of severe neutrophilic and eosinophilic asthma from multi-omics integration of U-BIOPRED sputum samples. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1771. [PMID: 39073027 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clustering approaches using single omics platforms are increasingly used to characterise molecular phenotypes of eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma. Effective integration of multi-omics platforms should lead towards greater refinement of asthma endotypes across molecular dimensions and indicate key targets for intervention or biomarker development. OBJECTIVES To determine whether multi-omics integration of sputum leads to improved granularity of the molecular classification of severe asthma. METHODS We analyzed six -omics data blocks-microarray transcriptomics, gene set variation analysis of microarray transcriptomics, SomaSCAN proteomics assay, shotgun proteomics, 16S microbiome sequencing, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing-from induced sputum samples of 57 severe asthma patients, 15 mild-moderate asthma patients, and 13 healthy volunteers in the U-BIOPRED European cohort. We used Monti consensus clustering algorithm for aggregation of clustering results and Similarity Network Fusion to integrate the 6 multi-omics datasets of the 72 asthmatics. RESULTS Five stable omics-associated clusters were identified (OACs). OAC1 had the best lung function with the least number of severe asthmatics with sputum paucigranulocytic inflammation. OAC5 also had fewer severe asthma patients but the highest incidence of atopy and allergic rhinitis, with paucigranulocytic inflammation. OAC3 comprised only severe asthmatics with the highest sputum eosinophilia. OAC2 had the highest sputum neutrophilia followed by OAC4 with both clusters consisting of mostly severe asthma but with more ex/current smokers in OAC4. Compared to OAC4, there was higher incidence of nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, and eczema in OAC2. OAC2 had microbial dysbiosis with abundant Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae. OAC4 was associated with pathways linked to IL-22 cytokine activation, with the prediction of therapeutic response to anti-IL22 antibody therapy. CONCLUSION Multi-omics analysis of sputum in asthma has defined with greater granularity the asthma endotypes linked to neutrophilic and eosinophilic inflammation. Modelling diverse types of high-dimensional interactions will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of complex endotypes. KEY POINTS Unsupervised clustering on sputum multi-omics of asthma subjects identified 3 out of 5 clusters with predominantly severe asthma. One severe asthma cluster was linked to type 2 inflammation and sputum eosinophilia while the other 2 clusters to sputum neutrophilia. One severe neutrophilic asthma cluster was linked to Moraxella catarrhalis and to a lesser extent Haemophilus influenzae while the second cluster to activation of IL-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Zounemat Kermani
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Chuan-Xing Li
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine & Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Versi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yusef Badi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kai Sun
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mahmoud I Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Bonatti
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine & Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ratko Djukanovic
- NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit and Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton, UK
| | - Åsa Wheelock
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine & Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven-Erik Dahlen
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine & Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Howarth
- NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit and Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton, UK
| | - Yike Guo
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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13
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Marchi E, Hinks TSC, Richardson M, Khalfaoui L, Symon FA, Rajasekar P, Clifford R, Hargadon B, Austin CD, MacIsaac JL, Kobor MS, Siddiqui S, Mar JS, Arron JR, Choy DF, Bradding P. The effects of inhaled corticosteroids on healthy airways. Allergy 2024; 79:1831-1843. [PMID: 38686450 PMCID: PMC7616167 DOI: 10.1111/all.16146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on healthy airways are poorly defined. OBJECTIVES To delineate the effects of ICS on gene expression in healthy airways, without confounding caused by changes in disease-related genes and disease-related alterations in ICS responsiveness. METHODS Randomized open-label bronchoscopy study of high-dose ICS therapy in 30 healthy adult volunteers randomized 2:1 to (i) fluticasone propionate 500 mcg bd daily or (ii) no treatment, for 4 weeks. Laboratory staff were blinded to allocation. Biopsies and brushings were analysed by immunohistochemistry, bulk RNA sequencing, DNA methylation array and metagenomics. RESULTS ICS induced small between-group differences in blood and lamina propria eosinophil numbers, but not in other immunopathological features, blood neutrophils, FeNO, FEV1, microbiome or DNA methylation. ICS treatment upregulated 72 genes in brushings and 53 genes in biopsies, and downregulated 82 genes in brushings and 416 genes in biopsies. The most downregulated genes in both tissues were canonical markers of type-2 inflammation (FCER1A, CPA3, IL33, CLEC10A, SERPINB10 and CCR5), T cell-mediated adaptive immunity (TARP, TRBC1, TRBC2, PTPN22, TRAC, CD2, CD8A, HLA-DQB2, CD96, PTPN7), B-cell immunity (CD20, immunoglobulin heavy and light chains) and innate immunity, including CD48, Hobit, RANTES, Langerin and GFI1. An IL-17-dependent gene signature was not upregulated by ICS. CONCLUSIONS In healthy airways, 4-week ICS exposure reduces gene expression related to both innate and adaptive immunity, and reduces markers of type-2 inflammation. This implies that homeostasis in health involves tonic type-2 signalling in the airway mucosa, which is exquisitely sensitive to ICS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Marchi
- NIHR Oxford Respiratory BRC and Respiratory Medicine Unit, Experimental Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy S C Hinks
- NIHR Oxford Respiratory BRC and Respiratory Medicine Unit, Experimental Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew Richardson
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Respiratory NIHR BRC, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Latifa Khalfaoui
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Respiratory NIHR BRC, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Fiona A Symon
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Respiratory NIHR BRC, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Poojitha Rajasekar
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rachel Clifford
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Beverley Hargadon
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Respiratory NIHR BRC, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Cary D Austin
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Salman Siddiqui
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Respiratory NIHR BRC, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jordan S Mar
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - David F Choy
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peter Bradding
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Respiratory NIHR BRC, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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14
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Ramírez-Valle F, Maranville JC, Roy S, Plenge RM. Sequential immunotherapy: towards cures for autoimmunity. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:501-524. [PMID: 38839912 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-024-00959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite major progress in the treatment of autoimmune diseases in the past two decades, most therapies do not cure disease and can be associated with increased risk of infection through broad suppression of the immune system. However, advances in understanding the causes of autoimmune disease and clinical data from novel therapeutic modalities such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies provide evidence that it may be possible to re-establish immune homeostasis and, potentially, prolong remission or even cure autoimmune diseases. Here, we propose a 'sequential immunotherapy' framework for immune system modulation to help achieve this ambitious goal. This framework encompasses three steps: controlling inflammation; resetting the immune system through elimination of pathogenic immune memory cells; and promoting and maintaining immune homeostasis via immune regulatory agents and tissue repair. We discuss existing drugs and those in development for each of the three steps. We also highlight the importance of causal human biology in identifying and prioritizing novel immunotherapeutic strategies as well as informing their application in specific patient subsets, enabling precision medicine approaches that have the potential to transform clinical care.
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15
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Pelaia C, Melhorn J, Hinks TS, Couillard S, Vatrella A, Pelaia G, Pavord ID. Type 2 severe asthma: pathophysiology and treatment with biologics. Expert Rev Respir Med 2024; 18:485-498. [PMID: 38994712 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2380072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The hallmark of most patients with severe asthma is type 2 inflammation, driven by innate and adaptive immune responses leading to either allergic or non-allergic eosinophilic infiltration of airways. The cellular and molecular pathways underlying severe type 2 asthma can be successfully targeted by specific monoclonal antibodies. AREAS COVERED This review article provides a concise overview of the pathophysiology of type 2 asthma, followed by an updated appraisal of the mechanisms of action and therapeutic efficacy of currently available biologic treatments used for management of severe type 2 asthma. Therefore, all reported information arises from a wide literature search performed on PubMed. EXPERT OPINION The main result of the recent advances in the field of anti-asthma biologic therapies is the implementation of a personalized medicine approach, aimed to achieve clinical remission of severe asthma. Today this accomplishment is made possible by the right choice of the most beneficial biologic drug for the pathologic traits characterizing each patient, including type 2 severe asthma and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Pelaia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
| | - James Melhorn
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy Sc Hinks
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Couillard
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Girolamo Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ian D Pavord
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Dong J, Su D, Zhao B, Han J, Tu M, Zhang K, Wang F, An Y. Potential Protective Factors for Allergic Rhinitis Patients Infected with COVID-19. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6633-6645. [PMID: 39057037 PMCID: PMC11275266 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
At the beginning of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, airway allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) were considered as risk factors for COVID-19, as they would aggravate symptoms. With further research, more and more literature has shown that airway allergic disease may not be a high-risk factor, but may be a protective factor for COVID-19 infection, which is closely related to its low-level expression of the ACE2 receptor and the complex cytokines network as underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms. In addition, steroid hormones and age factors could not be ignored. In this review, we have summarized some current evidence on the relationship between COVID-19 and allergic rhinitis to highlight the underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 infection and provide novel insights for its prevention and treatment. The key findings show that allergic rhinitis and its related molecular mechanisms may have a protective effect against COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyue Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dingyuan Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jiayang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Mengjie Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Kaifeng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Fengling Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Pasha MA, Hopp RJ, Habib N, Tang DD. Biomarkers in asthma, potential for therapeutic intervention. J Asthma 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38805392 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2361783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by multiple phenotypes with varying risk factors and therapeutic responses. This Commentary describes research on biomarkers for T2-"high" and T2-"low" inflammation, a hallmark of the disease. Patients with asthma who exhibit an increase in airway T2 inflammation are classified as having T2-high asthma. In this endotype, Type 2 cytokines interleukins (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13, plus other inflammatory mediators, lead to increased eosinophilic inflammation and elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). In contrast, T2-low asthma has no clear definition. Biomarkers are considered valuable tools as they can help identify various phenotypes and endotypes, as well as treatment response to standard treatment or potential therapeutic targets, particularly for biologics. As our knowledge of phenotypes and endotypes expands, biologics are increasingly integrated into treatment strategies for severe asthma. These treatments block specific inflammatory pathways or single mediators. While single or composite biomarkers may help to identify subsets of patients who might benefit from these treatments, only a few inflammatory biomarkers have been validated for clinical application. One example is sputum eosinophilia, a particularly useful biomarker, as it may suggest corticosteroid responsiveness or reflect non-compliance to inhaled corticosteroids. As knowledge develops, a meaningful goal would be to provide individualized care to patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Asghar Pasha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Russell J Hopp
- Department of Pediatrics, University of NE Medical Center and Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nazia Habib
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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18
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Chen L, Li C, Chen H, Xie Y, Su N, Luo F, Huang J, Zhang R, Chen L, Chen B, Yang J. Cross-sectional studies of the causal link between asthma and osteoporosis: insights from Mendelian randomization and bioinformatics analysis. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:1007-1017. [PMID: 38430243 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The study, using data from Chongqing, China, and employing Mendelian randomization along with bioinformatics, establishes a causal link between asthma and osteoporosis, beyond glucocorticoid effects. Asthma may contribute to osteoporosis by accelerating bone turnover through inflammatory factors, disrupting the coupling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, ultimately leading to osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION Asthma and osteoporosis are prevalent health conditions with substantial public health implications. However, their potential interplay and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Previous research has primarily focused on the impact of glucocorticoids on osteoporosis, often overlooking the role of asthma itself. METHODS We conducted a multi-stage stratified random sampling in Chongqing, China and excluded individuals with a history of glucocorticoid use. Participants underwent comprehensive health examinations, and their clinical data, including asthma status, were recorded. Logistic regression and Mendelian randomization were employed to investigate the causal link between asthma and osteoporosis. Furthermore, bioinformatics analyses and serum biomarker assessments were conducted to explore potential mechanistic pathways. RESULTS We found a significant association between asthma and osteoporosis, suggesting a potential causal link. Mendelian Randomization analysis provided further support for this causal link. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that several molecular pathways might mediate the impact of asthma on bone health. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly elevated in the asthma group, suggesting potential involvement in bone turnover. CONCLUSION Our study confirms a causal link between asthma and osteoporosis and highlights the importance of considering asthma in osteoporosis prediction models. It also suggests that asthma may accelerate osteoporosis by increasing bone turnover through inflammatory factors, disrupting the coupling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, ultimately leading to bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexin Chen
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Can Li
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hangang Chen
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yangli Xie
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Nan Su
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Fengtao Luo
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Junlan Huang
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ruobin Zhang
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Laboratory of Injury Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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19
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Szczesny B, Boorgula MP, Chavan S, Campbell M, Johnson RK, Kammers K, Thompson EE, Cox MS, Shankar G, Cox C, Morin A, Lorizio W, Daya M, Kelada SNP, Beaty TH, Doumatey AP, Cruz AA, Watson H, Naureckas ET, Giles BL, Arinola GA, Sogaolu O, Falade AG, Hansel NN, Yang IV, Olopade CO, Rotimi CN, Landis RC, Figueiredo CA, Altman MC, Kenny E, Ruczinski I, Liu AH, Ober C, Taub MA, Barnes KC, Mathias RA. Multi-omics in nasal epithelium reveals three axes of dysregulation for asthma risk in the African Diaspora populations. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4546. [PMID: 38806494 PMCID: PMC11133339 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma has striking disparities across ancestral groups, but the molecular underpinning of these differences is poorly understood and minimally studied. A goal of the Consortium on Asthma among African-ancestry Populations in the Americas (CAAPA) is to understand multi-omic signatures of asthma focusing on populations of African ancestry. RNASeq and DNA methylation data are generated from nasal epithelium including cases (current asthma, N = 253) and controls (never-asthma, N = 283) from 7 different geographic sites to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and gene networks. We identify 389 DEGs; the top DEG, FN1, was downregulated in cases (q = 3.26 × 10-9) and encodes fibronectin which plays a role in wound healing. The top three gene expression modules implicate networks related to immune response (CEACAM5; p = 9.62 × 10-16 and CPA3; p = 2.39 × 10-14) and wound healing (FN1; p = 7.63 × 10-9). Multi-omic analysis identifies FKBP5, a co-chaperone of glucocorticoid receptor signaling known to be involved in drug response in asthma, where the association between nasal epithelium gene expression is likely regulated by methylation and is associated with increased use of inhaled corticosteroids. This work reveals molecular dysregulation on three axes - increased Th2 inflammation, decreased capacity for wound healing, and impaired drug response - that may play a critical role in asthma within the African Diaspora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Szczesny
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meher Preethi Boorgula
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sameer Chavan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Monica Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Randi K Johnson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Quantitative Sciences Division, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kai Kammers
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emma E Thompson
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Madison S Cox
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gautam Shankar
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Corey Cox
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andréanne Morin
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wendy Lorizio
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle Daya
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Samir N P Kelada
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Terri H Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alvaro A Cruz
- Fundacao ProAR and Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Harold Watson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, St. Michael, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | | | - B Louise Giles
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ganiyu A Arinola
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olumide Sogaolu
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adegoke G Falade
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Clive Landis
- Edmund Cohen Laboratory for Vascular Research, George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Wanstead, Barbados
| | - Camila A Figueiredo
- Federal University of Bahia and Funda. Program for Control of Asthma in Bahia (ProAR), Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Matthew C Altman
- Systems Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Eimear Kenny
- Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew H Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carole Ober
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Margaret A Taub
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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20
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Li M, Chen Z, Yang X, Li W. Causal relationship between iron deficiency anemia and asthma: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1362156. [PMID: 38853780 PMCID: PMC11158623 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1362156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have suggested an association between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and asthma, which may affect the occurrence of asthma. However, whether IDA is a new management goal for asthma remains to be determined. Objective We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis to assess the association between IDA and asthma. Methods We performed a two-sample MR study to assess a causal relationship between IDA (ncase = 12,434, ncontrol = 59,827) and asthma (ncase = 20,629, ncontrol = 135,449). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary method for the analyses. Furthermore, we used weighted medians and MR-Egger to enhance robustness. Data linking genetic variation to IDA and asthma were combined to assess the impact of IDA on asthma risk. Results There are five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used as genetic tool variables for exposure factors. Genetically determined IDA was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.09-1.72, p = 0.007). There was little heterogeneity in the MR studies and no evidence of level pleiotropy was found. Conclusions In our MR study, our findings emphasize that IDA may be associated with a high risk of asthma, indicating a potential role for IDA in the development of asthma. Future research needs to elucidate its potential mechanisms to pave the way for the prevention and treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanwei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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21
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Hosoki K, Govindhan A, Knight JM, Sur S. Allosteric inhibition of CXCR1 and CXCR2 abrogates Th2/Th17-associated Allergic Lung Inflammation in Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.593638. [PMID: 38798651 PMCID: PMC11118468 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.593638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background IL4, IL5, IL13, and IL17-producing CD4 T helper 2 (Th2)-cells and IL17-producing CD4 T helper 17 (Th17)-cells contribute to chronic eosinophilic and neutrophilic airway inflammation in asthma and allergic airway inflammation. Chemokines and their receptors are upregulated in Th2/Th17-mediated inflammation. However, the ability of CXCR1 and CXCR2 modulate Th2 and Th17-cell-mediated allergic lung inflammation has not been reported. Methods Mice sensitized and challenged with cat dander extract (CDE) mount a vigorous Th2-Th17-mediated allergic lung inflammation. Allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1 and CXCR2, ladarixin was orally administered in this model. The ability of ladarixin to modulate allergen-challenge induced recruitment of CXCR1 and CXCR2-expressing Th2 and Th17-cells and allergic lung inflammation were examined. Results Allergen challenge in sensitized mice increased mRNA expression levels of Il4, Il5, Il13, Il6, Il1β, Tgfβ1, Il17, Il23, Gata3, and Rorc , and induced allergic lung inflammation characterized by recruitment of CXCR1- and CXCR2-expressing Th2-cells, Th17-cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Allosteric inhibition of CXCR1 and CXCR2 vigorously blocked each of these pro-inflammatory effects of allergen challenge. CXCL chemokines induced a CXCR1 and CXCR2-dependent proliferation of IL4, IL5, IL13, and IL17 expressing T-cells. Conclusion Allosteric inhibition of CXCR1 and CXCR2 abrogates blocks recruitment of CXCR1- and CXCR2-expressing Th2-cells, Th17-cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils in this mouse model of allergic lung inflammation. We suggest that the ability of allosteric inhibition of CXCR1 and CXCR2 to abrogate Th2 and Th17-mediated allergic inflammation should be investigated in humans.
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22
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Leung C, Tang M, Huang BK, Fain SB, Hoffman EA, Choi J, Dunican EM, Mauger DT, Denlinger LC, Jarjour NN, Israel E, Levy BD, Wenzel SE, Sumino K, Hastie AT, Schirm J, McCulloch CE, Peters MC, Woodruff PG, Sorkness RL, Castro M, Fahy JV. A Novel Air Trapping Segment Score Identifies Opposing Effects of Obesity and Eosinophilia on Air Trapping in Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:1196-1207. [PMID: 38113166 PMCID: PMC11146546 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202305-0802oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Density thresholds in computed tomography (CT) lung scans quantify air trapping (AT) at the whole-lung level but are not informative for AT in specific bronchopulmonary segments. Objectives: To apply a segment-based measure of AT in asthma to investigate the clinical determinants of AT in asthma. Methods: In each of 19 bronchopulmonary segments in CT lung scans from 199 patients with asthma, AT was categorized as present if lung attenuation was less than -856 Hounsfield units at expiration in ⩾15% of the lung area. The resulting AT segment score (0-19) was related to patient outcomes. Measurements and Main Results: AT varied at the lung segment level and tended to persist at the patient and lung segment levels over 3 years. Patients with widespread AT (⩾10 segments) had more severe asthma (P < 0.05). The mean (±SD) AT segment score in patients with a body mass index ⩾30 kg/m2 was lower than in patients with a body mass index <30 kg/m2 (3.5 ± 4.6 vs. 5.5 ± 6.3; P = 0.008), and the frequency of AT in lower lobe segments in obese patients was less than in upper and middle lobe segments (35% vs. 46%; P = 0.001). The AT segment score in patients with sputum eosinophils ⩾2% was higher than in patients without sputum eosinophilia (7.0 ± 6.1 vs. 3.3 ± 4.9; P < 0.0001). Lung segments with AT more frequently had airway mucus plugging than lung segments without AT (48% vs. 18%; P ⩽ 0.0001). Conclusions: In patients with asthma, air trapping is more severe in those with airway eosinophilia and mucus plugging, whereas those who are obese have less severe trapping because their lower lobe segments are spared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarus Leung
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Monica Tang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Brendan K. Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Sean B. Fain
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jiwoong Choi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | | - David T. Mauger
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Loren C. Denlinger
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, and
| | - Nizar N. Jarjour
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, and
| | - Elliot Israel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce D. Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sally E. Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kaharu Sumino
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Annette T. Hastie
- Section for Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; and
| | | | | | - Michael C. Peters
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Prescott G. Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - John V. Fahy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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23
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Everman JL, Sajuthi SP, Liegeois MA, Jackson ND, Collet EH, Peters MC, Chioccioli M, Moore CM, Patel BB, Dyjack N, Powell R, Rios C, Montgomery MT, Eng C, Elhawary JR, Mak ACY, Hu D, Huntsman S, Salazar S, Feriani L, Fairbanks-Mahnke A, Zinnen GL, Michel CR, Gomez J, Zhang X, Medina V, Chu HW, Cicuta P, Gordon ED, Zeitlin P, Ortega VE, Reisdorph N, Dunican EM, Tang M, Elicker BM, Henry TS, Bleecker ER, Castro M, Erzurum SC, Israel E, Levy BD, Mauger DT, Meyers DA, Sumino K, Gierada DS, Hastie AT, Moore WC, Denlinger LC, Jarjour NN, Schiebler ML, Wenzel SE, Woodruff PG, Rodriguez-Santana J, Pearson CG, Burchard EG, Fahy JV, Seibold MA. A common polymorphism in the Intelectin-1 gene influences mucus plugging in severe asthma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3900. [PMID: 38724552 PMCID: PMC11082194 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
By incompletely understood mechanisms, type 2 (T2) inflammation present in the airways of severe asthmatics drives the formation of pathologic mucus which leads to airway mucus plugging. Here we investigate the molecular role and clinical significance of intelectin-1 (ITLN-1) in the development of pathologic airway mucus in asthma. Through analyses of human airway epithelial cells we find that ITLN1 gene expression is highly induced by interleukin-13 (IL-13) in a subset of metaplastic MUC5AC+ mucus secretory cells, and that ITLN-1 protein is a secreted component of IL-13-induced mucus. Additionally, we find ITLN-1 protein binds the C-terminus of the MUC5AC mucin and that its deletion in airway epithelial cells partially reverses IL-13-induced mucostasis. Through analysis of nasal airway epithelial brushings, we find that ITLN1 is highly expressed in T2-high asthmatics, when compared to T2-low children. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both ITLN-1 gene expression and protein levels are significantly reduced by a common genetic variant that is associated with protection from the formation of mucus plugs in T2-high asthma. This work identifies an important biomarker and targetable pathways for the treatment of mucus obstruction in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Everman
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Satria P Sajuthi
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Maude A Liegeois
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nathan D Jackson
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Erik H Collet
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael C Peters
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maurizio Chioccioli
- Department of Genetics and Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Camille M Moore
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Bhavika B Patel
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Nathan Dyjack
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Roger Powell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cydney Rios
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Michael T Montgomery
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Elhawary
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Angel C Y Mak
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Salazar
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Luigi Feriani
- Biological and Soft Systems Sector, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Fairbanks-Mahnke
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Gianna L Zinnen
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Cole R Michel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joe Gomez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Hong Wei Chu
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Pietro Cicuta
- Biological and Soft Systems Sector, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erin D Gordon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pamela Zeitlin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eleanor M Dunican
- School of Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Monica Tang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brett M Elicker
- University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Mario Castro
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | | | - Bruce D Levy
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Kaharu Sumino
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Annette T Hastie
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Wendy C Moore
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Chad G Pearson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John V Fahy
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Max A Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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24
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Bradding P, Porsbjerg C, Côté A, Dahlén SE, Hallstrand TS, Brightling CE. Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma: The role of the epithelium. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1181-1193. [PMID: 38395082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a key clinical feature of asthma. The presence of AHR in people with asthma provides the substrate for bronchoconstriction in response to numerous diverse stimuli, contributing to airflow limitation and symptoms including breathlessness, wheeze, and chest tightness. Dysfunctional airway smooth muscle significantly contributes to AHR and is displayed as increased sensitivity to direct pharmacologic bronchoconstrictor stimuli, such as inhaled histamine and methacholine (direct AHR), or to endogenous mediators released by activated airway cells such as mast cells (indirect AHR). Research in in vivo human models has shown that the disrupted airway epithelium plays an important role in driving inflammation that mediates indirect AHR in asthma through the release of cytokines such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin and IL-33. These cytokines upregulate type 2 cytokines promoting airway eosinophilia and induce the release of bronchoconstrictor mediators from mast cells such as histamine, prostaglandin D2, and cysteinyl leukotrienes. While bronchoconstriction is largely due to airway smooth muscle contraction, airway structural changes known as remodeling, likely mediated in part by epithelial-derived mediators, also lead to airflow obstruction and may enhance AHR. In this review, we outline the current knowledge of the role of the airway epithelium in AHR in asthma and its implications on the wider disease. Increased understanding of airway epithelial biology may contribute to better treatment options, particularly in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bradding
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, Leicester Respiratory National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andréanne Côté
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Laval, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sven-Erik Dahlén
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teal S Hallstrand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
| | - Christopher E Brightling
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, Leicester Respiratory National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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25
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Yoshimura H, Takeda Y, Shirai Y, Yamamoto M, Nakatsubo D, Amiya S, Enomoto T, Hara R, Adachi Y, Edahiro R, Yaga M, Masuhiro K, Koba T, Itoh-Takahashi M, Nakayama M, Takata S, Hosono Y, Obata S, Nishide M, Hata A, Yanagawa M, Namba S, Iwata M, Hamano M, Hirata H, Koyama S, Iwahori K, Nagatomo I, Suga Y, Miyake K, Shiroyama T, Fukushima K, Futami S, Naito Y, Kawasaki T, Mizuguchi K, Kawashima Y, Yamanishi Y, Adachi J, Nogami-Itoh M, Ueki S, Kumanogoh A. Galectin-10 in serum extracellular vesicles reflects asthma pathophysiology. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1268-1281. [PMID: 38551536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel biomarkers (BMs) are urgently needed for bronchial asthma (BA) with various phenotypes and endotypes. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify novel BMs reflecting tissue pathology from serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). METHODS We performed data-independent acquisition of serum EVs from 4 healthy controls, 4 noneosinophilic asthma (NEA) patients, and 4 eosinophilic asthma (EA) patients to identify novel BMs for BA. We confirmed EA-specific BMs via data-independent acquisition validation in 61 BA patients and 23 controls. To further validate these findings, we performed data-independent acquisition for 6 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps and 7 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. RESULTS We identified 3032 proteins, 23 of which exhibited differential expression in EA. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that protein signatures from each phenotype reflected disease characteristics. Validation revealed 5 EA-specific BMs, including galectin-10 (Gal10), eosinophil peroxidase, major basic protein, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase. The potential of Gal10 in EVs was superior to that of eosinophils in terms of diagnostic capability and detection of airway obstruction. In rhinosinusitis patients, 1752 and 8413 proteins were identified from EVs and tissues, respectively. Among 11 BMs identified in EVs and tissues from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, 5 (including Gal10 and eosinophil peroxidase) showed significant correlations between EVs and tissues. Gal10 release from EVs was implicated in eosinophil extracellular trapped cell death in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Novel BMs such as Gal10 from serum EVs reflect disease pathophysiology in BA and may represent a new target for liquid biopsy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Yoshimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshito Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuya Shirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakatsubo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Saori Amiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Enomoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Reina Hara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuya Edahiro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Moto Yaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Masuhiro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taro Koba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miho Itoh-Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mana Nakayama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - So Takata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Hosono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sho Obata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nishide
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akinori Hata
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yanagawa
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoko Namba
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michio Iwata
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Momoko Hamano
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Hirata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shohei Koyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kota Iwahori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Izumi Nagatomo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Suga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Miyake
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shiroyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyoharu Fukushima
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Futami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yujiro Naito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kawasaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan; Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawashima
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamanishi
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Complex Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Nogami-Itoh
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo, Akita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Center for Infectious Diseases for Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS (CAMaD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Tran NQV, Le MK, Nakamura Y, Kondo T, Nakao A. A link between KIT expression, mast cell abundance and activity, and Th2-high endotype in asthmatic airways. Allergy 2024; 79:1338-1342. [PMID: 37984459 DOI: 10.1111/all.15954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Quoc Vuong Tran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Minh-Khang Le
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kondo
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Nakao
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
- Yamanashi GLIA Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Wan R, Srikaram P, Xie S, Chen Q, Hu C, Wan M, Li Y, Gao P. PPARγ attenuates cellular senescence of alveolar macrophages in asthma-COPD overlap. Respir Res 2024; 25:174. [PMID: 38643159 PMCID: PMC11032609 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) represents a complex condition characterized by shared clinical and pathophysiological features of asthma and COPD in older individuals. However, the pathophysiology of ACO remains unexplored. We aimed to identify the major inflammatory cells in ACO, examine senescence within these cells, and elucidate the genes responsible for regulating senescence. METHODS Bioinformatic analyses were performed to investigate major cell types and cellular senescence signatures in a public single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) dataset derived from the lung tissues of patients with ACO. Similar analyses were carried out in an independent cohort study Immune Mechanisms Severe Asthma (IMSA), which included bulk RNA-Seq and CyTOF data from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. RESULTS The analysis of the scRNA-Seq data revealed that monocytes/ macrophages were the predominant cell type in the lung tissues of ACO patients, constituting more than 50% of the cells analyzed. Lung monocytes/macrophages from patients with ACO exhibited a lower prevalence of senescence as defined by lower enrichment scores of SenMayo and expression levels of cellular senescence markers. Intriguingly, analysis of the IMSA dataset showed similar results in patients with severe asthma. They also exhibited a lower prevalence of senescence, particularly in airway CD206 + macrophages, along with increased cytokine expression (e.g., IL-4, IL-13, and IL-22). Further exploration identified alveolar macrophages as a major subtype of monocytes/macrophages driving cellular senescence in ACO. Differentially expressed genes related to oxidation-reduction, cytokines, and growth factors were implicated in regulating senescence in alveolar macrophages. PPARγ (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma) emerged as one of the predominant regulators modulating the senescent signature of alveolar macrophages in ACO. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that senescence in macrophages, particularly alveolar macrophages, plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of ACO. Furthermore, PPARγ may represent a potential therapeutic target for interventions aimed at modulating senescence-associated processes in ACO.Key words ACO, Asthma, COPD, Macrophages, Senescence, PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjun Wan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Prakhyath Srikaram
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Shaobing Xie
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
- The Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Room 3B.71, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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Bunyavanich S, Becker PM, Altman MC, Lasky-Su J, Ober C, Zengler K, Berdyshev E, Bonneau R, Chatila T, Chatterjee N, Chung KF, Cutcliffe C, Davidson W, Dong G, Fang G, Fulkerson P, Himes BE, Liang L, Mathias RA, Ogino S, Petrosino J, Price ND, Schadt E, Schofield J, Seibold MA, Steen H, Wheatley L, Zhang H, Togias A, Hasegawa K. Analytical challenges in omics research on asthma and allergy: A National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases workshop. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:954-968. [PMID: 38295882 PMCID: PMC10999353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Studies of asthma and allergy are generating increasing volumes of omics data for analysis and interpretation. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) assembled a workshop comprising investigators studying asthma and allergic diseases using omics approaches, omics investigators from outside the field, and NIAID medical and scientific officers to discuss the following areas in asthma and allergy research: genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, proteomics, lipidomics, integrative omics, systems biology, and causal inference. Current states of the art, present challenges, novel and emerging strategies, and priorities for progress were presented and discussed for each area. This workshop report summarizes the major points and conclusions from this NIAID workshop. As a group, the investigators underscored the imperatives for rigorous analytic frameworks, integration of different omics data types, cross-disciplinary interaction, strategies for overcoming current limitations, and the overarching goal to improve scientific understanding and care of asthma and allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrice M Becker
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Md
| | | | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | | | | | | | | | - Talal Chatila
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | | | | | | | - Wendy Davidson
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Md
| | - Gang Dong
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Md
| | - Gang Fang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Patricia Fulkerson
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Md
| | | | - Liming Liang
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Shuji Ogino
- Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Mass
| | | | | | - Eric Schadt
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Max A Seibold
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | - Hanno Steen
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Lisa Wheatley
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Md
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Alkis Togias
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Md
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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Jang JH, Zhou M, Makita K, Sun R, El-Hajjar M, Fonseca G, Lauzon AM, Martin JG. Induction of a memory-like CD4 + T-cell phenotype by airway smooth muscle cells. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2249800. [PMID: 38334162 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202249800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In asthma, CD4+ T-cell interaction with airway smooth muscle (ASM) may enhance its contractile properties and promote its proliferation. However, less is known about the effects of this interaction on T cells. To explore the consequences of interaction of CD4+ T cells with ASM we placed the cells in co-culture and analyzed the phenotypic and functional changes in the T cells. Effector status as well as cytokine expression was assessed by flow cytometry. An increase in CD45RA-CD45RO+ memory T cells was observed after co-culture; however, these cells were not more responsive to CD3/28 restimulation. A reduction in mitochondrial coupling and an increase in the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species by CD4+ T cells post-restimulation suggested altered mitochondrial metabolism after co-culture. RNA sequencing analysis of the T cells revealed characteristic downregulation of effector T-cell-associated genes, but a lack of upregulation of memory T-cell-associated genes. The results of this study demonstrate that ASM cells can induce a phenotypic shift in CD4+ T cells into memory-like T cells but with reduced capacity for activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce H Jang
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Zhou
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kosuke Makita
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rui Sun
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mikal El-Hajjar
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gregory Fonseca
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Lauzon
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - James G Martin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Bourdin A, Brusselle G, Couillard S, Fajt ML, Heaney LG, Israel E, McDowell PJ, Menzies-Gow A, Martin N, Mitchell PD, Petousi N, Quirce S, Schleich F, Pavord ID. Phenotyping of Severe Asthma in the Era of Broad-Acting Anti-Asthma Biologics. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:809-823. [PMID: 38280454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Severe asthma is associated with significant morbidity and mortality despite the maximal use of inhaled corticosteroids and additional controller medications, and has a high economic burden. Biologic therapies are recommended for the management of severe, uncontrolled asthma to help to prevent exacerbations and to improve symptoms and health-related quality of life. The effective management of severe asthma requires consideration of clinical heterogeneity that is driven by varying clinical and inflammatory phenotypes, which are reflective of distinct underlying disease mechanisms. Phenotyping patients using a combination of clinical characteristics such as the age of onset or comorbidities and biomarker profiles, including blood eosinophil counts and levels of fractional exhaled nitric oxide and serum total immunoglobulin E, is important for the differential diagnosis of asthma. In addition, phenotyping is beneficial for risk assessment, selection of treatment, and monitoring of the treatment response in patients with asthma. This review describes the clinical and inflammatory phenotypes of asthma, provides an overview of biomarkers routinely used in clinical practice and those that have recently been explored for phenotyping, and aims to assess the value of phenotyping in severe asthma management in the current era of biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Bourdin
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Guy Brusselle
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon Couillard
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Merritt L Fajt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Liam G Heaney
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Elliot Israel
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Allergy & Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - P Jane McDowell
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Menzies-Gow
- Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Martin
- Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nayia Petousi
- Respiratory Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Florence Schleich
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, CHU Liege, GIGA I3 Lab, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Ian D Pavord
- Respiratory Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Menzella F, Munari S, Corsi L, Tonin S, Cestaro W, Ballarin A, Floriani A, Dartora C, Senna G. Tezepelumab: patient selection and place in therapy in severe asthma. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241246740. [PMID: 38676539 PMCID: PMC11056094 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241246740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a disease characterised by heterogeneous and multifaceted airway inflammation. Despite the availability of effective treatments, a substantial percentage of patients with the type 2 (T2)-high, but mainly the T2-low, phenotype complain of persistent symptoms, airflow limitation, and poor response to treatments. Currently available biologicals target T2 cytokines, but no monoclonal antibodies or other specific therapeutic options are available for non-T2 asthma. However, targeted therapy against alarmins is radically changing this perspective. The development of alarmin-targeted therapies, of which tezepelumab (TZP) is the first example, may offer broad action on inflammatory pathways as well as an enhanced therapeutic effect on epithelial dysfunction. In this regard, TZP demonstrated positive results not only in patients with severe T2 asthma but also those with non-allergic, non-eosinophilic disease. Therefore, it is necessary to identify clinical features of patients who can benefit from an upstream targeted therapy such as anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin. The aims of this narrative review are to understand the role of alarmins in asthma pathogenesis and epithelial dysfunction, examine the rationale underlying the indication of TZP treatment in severe asthma, summarise the results of clinical studies, and recognise the specific characteristics of patients potentially eligible for TZP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Menzella
- Pulmonology Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
- Pulmonology and Otolaryngology Multidisciplinary Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
| | - Sara Munari
- Pulmonology and Otolaryngology Multidisciplinary Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
- Otolaryngology Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Corsi
- Pulmonology Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
- Pulmonology and Otolaryngology Multidisciplinary Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
| | - Silvia Tonin
- Pulmonology Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
- Pulmonology and Otolaryngology Multidisciplinary Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
| | - Walter Cestaro
- Pulmonology and Otolaryngology Multidisciplinary Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
- Otolaryngology Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballarin
- Pulmonology Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
| | - Ariel Floriani
- Pulmonology Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
| | - Cristina Dartora
- Pulmonology Unit, S. Valentino Hospital, Montebelluna (TV), AULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Italy
| | - Gianenrico Senna
- Asthma Center and Allergy Unit, University of Verona & AOUI Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, Verona, Italy
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Mao Z, Qian Y, Liu Z, Shi Y, Fan L, Zhang Q. LINC00158 modulates the function of BEAS-2B cells via targeting BCL11B and ameliorates OVA-LPS-induced severe asthma in mice models. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111739. [PMID: 38442574 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Persistent type (T) 2 airway inflammation plays an important role in the development of severe asthma. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to T2 severe asthma have yet to be fully clarified. Human normal lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) were transfected with LINC00158/BCL11B plasmid/small interfering RNA (siRNA). Levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers were measured using real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot. A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the targeting relationship between LINC00158 and BCL11B. The effects of LINC00158-lentivirus vector-mediated overexpression and dexamethasone on ovalbumin (OVA)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced severe asthma were investigated in mice in vivo. Our study showed that overexpression of LINC00158/BCL11B inhibited the levels of EMT-related proteins, apoptosis, and promoted the proliferation of BEAS-2B cells. BCL11B was a direct target of LINC00158. And LINC00158 targeted BCL11B to regulate EMT, apoptosis, and cell proliferation of BEAS-2B cells. Compared with severe asthma mice, LINC00158 overexpression alleviated OVA/LPS-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation, including reductions in T helper 2 cells factors in lung tissue and BALF, serum total- and OVA-specific IgE, inflammatory cell infiltration, and goblet cells hyperplasia. In addition, LINC00158 overexpression alleviated airway remodeling, including reduced plasma TGF-β1 and collagen fiber deposition, as well as suppression of EMT. Additionally, overexpression of LINC00158 enhanced the therapeutic effect of dexamethasone in severe asthmatic mice models. LINC00158 regulates BEAS-2B cell biological function by targeting BCL11B. LINC00158 ameliorates T2 severe asthma in vivo and provides new insights into the clinical treatment of severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdao Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yujia Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Liang Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China.
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Cai R, Gong X, Li X, Jiang Y, Deng S, Tang J, Ge H, Wu C, Tang H, Wang G, Xie L, Chen X, Hu X, Feng J. Dectin-1 aggravates neutrophil inflammation through caspase-11/4-mediated macrophage pyroptosis in asthma. Respir Res 2024; 25:119. [PMID: 38459541 PMCID: PMC10921740 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pattern recognition receptor Dectin-1 was initially discovered to play a pivotal role in mediating pulmonary antifungal immunity and promoting neutrophil-driven inflammation. Recent studies have revealed that Dectin-1 is overexpressed in asthma, but the specific mechanism remains elusive. Additionally, Dectin-1 has been implicated in promoting pyroptosis, a hallmark of severe asthma airway inflammation. Nevertheless, the involvement of the non-classical pyroptosis signal caspase-11/4 and its upstream regulatory mechanisms in asthma has not been completely explored. METHODS House dust mite (HDM)-induced mice was treated with Dectin-1 agonist Curdlan, Dectin-1 inhibitor Laminarin, and caspase-11 inhibitor wedelolactone separately. Subsequently, inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed. Western blotting was performed to measure the protein expression of caspase-11 and gasdermin D (GSDMD). Cell pyroptosis and the expression of chemokine were detected in vitro. The correlation between Dectin-1 expression, pyroptosis factors and neutrophils in the induced sputum of asthma patients was analyzed. RESULTS Curdlan appeared to exacerbate neutrophil airway inflammation in asthmatic mice, whereas wedelolactone effectively alleviated airway inflammation aggravated by Curdlan. Moreover, Curdlan enhanced the release of caspase-11 activation fragments and N-terminal fragments of gasdermin D (GSDMD-N) stimulated by HDM both in vivo or in vitro. In mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S cells), Curdlan/HDM stimulation resulted in vacuolar degeneration and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. In addition, there was an upregulation of neutrophil chemokines CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5 and their receptor CXCR2, which was suppressed by wedelolactone. In asthma patients, a positive correlation was observed between the expression of Dectin-1 on macrophages and caspase-4 (the human homology of caspase-11), and the proportion of neutrophils in induced sputum. CONCLUSION Dectin-1 activation in asthma induced caspase-11/4 mediated macrophage pyroptosis, which subsequently stimulated the secretion of chemokines, leading to the exacerbation of airway neutrophil inflammation.
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Grants
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 2022JJ30924 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82270033 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
- 81873407 National Natural Science Foundation of China,China
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjin Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaozhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shuanglinzi Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jiale Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Chendong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Juntao Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Wan R, Srikaram P, Xie S, Chen Q, Hu C, Wan M, Li Y, Gao P. PPARγ Attenuates Cellular Senescence of Alveolar Macrophages in Asthma- COPD Overlap. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4009724. [PMID: 38496493 PMCID: PMC10942556 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4009724/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) represents a complex condition characterized by shared clinical and pathophysiological features of asthma and COPD in older individuals. However, the pathophysiology of ACO remains unexplored. We aimed to identify the major inflammatory cells in ACO, examine senescence within these cells, and elucidate the genes responsible for regulating senescence. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to investigate major cell types and cellular senescence signatures in a public single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) dataset derived from the lung tissues of patients with ACO. Similar analyses were carried out in an independent cohort study Immune Mechanisms Severe Asthma (IMSA), which included bulk RNA-Seq and CyTOF data from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. The analysis of the scRNA-Seq data revealed that monocytes/ macrophages were the predominant cell type in the lung tissues of ACO patients, constituting more than 50% of the cells analyzed. Lung monocytes/macrophages from patients with ACO exhibited a lower prevalence of senescence as defined by lower enrichment scores of SenMayo and expression levels of cellular senescence markers. Intriguingly, analysis of the IMSA dataset showed similar results in patients with severe asthma. They also exhibited a lower prevalence of senescence, particularly in airway CD206 + macrophages, along with increased cytokine expression (e.g., IL-4, IL-13, and IL-22). Further exploration identified alveolar macrophages as a major subtype of monocytes/macrophages driving cellular senescence in ACO. Differentially expressed genes related to oxidation-reduction, cytokines, and growth factors were implicated in regulating senescence in alveolar macrophages. PPARγ (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma) emerged as one of the predominant regulators modulating the senescent signature of alveolar macrophages in ACO. Collectively, the findings suggest that senescence in macrophages, particularly alveolar macrophages, plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of ACO. Furthermore, PPARγ may represent a potential therapeutic target for interventions aimed at modulating senescence-associated processes in ACO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mei Wan
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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Kelly A, Lavender P. Epigenetic Approaches to Identifying Asthma Endotypes. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2024; 16:130-141. [PMID: 38528381 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma escalated rapidly in the late 20th century. In 2019, the World Health Organization estimated the global number of people affected by the condition to be approximately 260 million, causing 450,000 deaths during that year. While there have been advances in therapeutics with the emergence of biologics targeting T2-high asthma, there is still little clarity on the mechanisms underlying the origins of both the condition and all of its endotypes. Several biomarkers for particular asthma phenotypes have been documented. These are generally identified from transcriptomics and proteomics protocols and tend to be biased to T2-high phenotypes. In this review, we summarize some suggestions that analysis of epigenomes may provide alternative datasets that inform of broader asthma endotypes and might highlight pathways amenable for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Kelly
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Lavender
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Huang GX, Mandanas MV, Djeddi S, Fernandez-Salinas D, Gutierrez-Arcelus M, Barrett NA. Increased glycolysis and cellular crosstalk in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1321560. [PMID: 38444858 PMCID: PMC10912276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1321560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the sinonasal mucosa with distinct endotypes including type 2 (T2) high eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP), T2 low non-eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (neCRSwNP), and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Methods Given the heterogeneity of disease, we hypothesized that assessment of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) across this spectrum of disease would reveal connections between infiltrating and activated immune cells and the epithelial and stromal populations that reside in sinonasal tissue. Results Here we find increased expression of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes in epithelial cells (EpCs), stromal cells, and memory T-cell subsets from patients with eCRSwNP, as compared to healthy controls. In basal EpCs, this is associated with a program of cell motility and Rho GTPase effector expression. Across both stromal and immune subsets, glycolytic programming was associated with extracellular matrix interactions, proteoglycan generation, and collagen formation. Furthermore, we report increased cell-cell interactions between EpCs and stromal/immune cells in eCRSwNP compared to healthy control tissue, and we nominate candidate receptor-ligand pairs that may drive tissue remodeling. Discussion These findings support a role for glycolytic reprograming in T2-elicited tissue remodeling and implicate increased cellular crosstalk in eCRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- George X. Huang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael V. Mandanas
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah Djeddi
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Daniela Fernandez-Salinas
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Nora A. Barrett
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Liu P, Wang Y, Chen C, Liu H, Ye J, Zhang X, Ma C, Zhao D. Research trends on airway remodeling: A bibliometrics analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24824. [PMID: 38333835 PMCID: PMC10850909 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Airway remodeling is an essential pathological basis of respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD, which is significantly related to pulmonary function and clinical symptoms. And pulmonary disease can be improved by regulating airway remodeling. This study aimed to establish a knowledge map of airway remodeling to clarify current research hotspots and future research trends. Methods A comprehensive search was performed to analyze all relevant articles on airway remodeling using the Web of Science Core Collection Database from January 01, 2004 to June 03, 2023.2 reviewers screened the retrieved literature. Besides, the CiteSpace (6.2. R3) and VOSviewer (1.6.19) were utilized to visualize the research focus and trend regarding the effect of airway remodeling. Results A total of 4077 articles about airway remodeling were retrieved. The United States is the country with the most published literature, underscoring the country's role in airway remodeling. In recent years, China has been the country with the fastest growth in the number of published literature, suggesting that China will play a more critical role in airway remodeling in the future. From the perspective of co-operation among countries, European co-operation was closer than Asian co-operation. The co-citation analysis showed that 98,313 citations were recorded in 3594 articles, and 25 clusters could be realized. In recent years, Burst detection shows that oxidative stress and epithelial-mesenchymal transition are hot words. Conclusions Based on the bibliometric analysis of airway remodeling studies in the past 20 years, a multi-level knowledge structure map was drawn, it mainly includes countries, institutions, research fields, authors, journals, keywords and so on. The research directions represented by obstructive airway disease, PDGF-BB treatment of airway smooth muscle, allergen-induced airway remodeling, extracellular matrix, and non-coding RNA are the research hotspots in the field of airway remodeling. While the risk factors for airway remodeling, the application of new noninvasively assessing tools, biomarkers as well as The molecular mechanism represented by EMT and autophagy had been frontiers in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Changxiu Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Dahai Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
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Djeddi S, Fernandez-Salinas D, Huang GX, Aguiar VRC, Mohanty C, Kendziorski C, Gazal S, Boyce J, Ober C, Gern J, Barrett N, Gutierrez-Arcelus M. Rhinovirus infection of airway epithelial cells uncovers the non-ciliated subset as a likely driver of genetic susceptibility to childhood-onset asthma. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.02.24302068. [PMID: 38370648 PMCID: PMC10871459 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.02.24302068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. Epidemiological studies have shown that in children, wheezing during rhinovirus infection (a cause of the common cold) is associated with asthma development during childhood. This has led scientists to hypothesize there could be a causal relationship between rhinovirus infection and asthma or that RV-induced wheezing identifies individuals at increased risk for asthma development. However, not all children who wheeze when they have a cold develop asthma. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of genetic variants contributing to asthma susceptibility, with the vast majority of likely causal variants being non-coding. Integrative analyses with transcriptomic and epigenomic datasets have indicated that T cells drive asthma risk, which has been supported by mouse studies. However, the datasets ascertained in these integrative analyses lack airway epithelial cells. Furthermore, large-scale transcriptomic T cell studies have not identified the regulatory effects of most non-coding risk variants in asthma GWAS, indicating there could be additional cell types harboring these "missing regulatory effects". Given that airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense against rhinovirus, we hypothesized they could be mediators of genetic susceptibility to asthma. Here we integrate GWAS data with transcriptomic datasets of airway epithelial cells subject to stimuli that could induce activation states relevant to asthma. We demonstrate that epithelial cultures infected with rhinovirus significantly upregulate childhood-onset asthma-associated genes. We show that this upregulation occurs specifically in non-ciliated epithelial cells. This enrichment for genes in asthma risk loci, or 'asthma heritability enrichment' is also significant for epithelial genes upregulated with influenza infection, but not with SARS-CoV-2 infection or cytokine activation. Additionally, cells from patients with asthma showed a stronger heritability enrichment compared to cells from healthy individuals. Overall, our results suggest that rhinovirus infection is an environmental factor that interacts with genetic risk factors through non-ciliated airway epithelial cells to drive childhood-onset asthma.
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Campbell RG, Auyeung T, Katsoulotos GP. Pulmonology for the rhinologist. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 32:20-27. [PMID: 37997890 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The upper and lower airways are inter-related despite serving different functions and can no longer be considered separately. Rhinologists are becoming increasingly aware of the role the lower airway plays in optimizing outcomes for their patients. This review highlights recent developments in pulmonology that impact rhinologic conditions. RECENT FINDINGS The unified airway concept now supports the multidisciplinary management of respiratory and rhinologic pathologies. Biomarkers, biologics and the concept of treatable traits have permitted the development of personalized and precise treatment of the entire respiratory tract. The concept of corticosteroid stewardship, the introduction of steroid sparing agents for the treatment of respiratory diseases and the development of biomarkers, now forces us to be more considerate and precise with oral corticosteroid (OCS) prescribing and to consider reduction regimens. Finally, current research on climate change and vaping will allow us to better educate and prepare our patients to improve adherence and avoid exacerbations to maintain optimal global respiratory health. SUMMARY The inter-relatedness of the upper and lower airway has encouraged a multidisciplinary focus in respiratory medicine. More research is required to improve the precision respiratory medicine model, particularly in the realm of biomarkers and endotyping. These developments must also consider the impact of climate change, pollution and toxins for us to provide optimum care for our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raewyn G Campbell
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney
| | - Titus Auyeung
- Concord Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Gregory P Katsoulotos
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW
- The University of Notre Dame, Sydney, WA
- St Vincent's Clinic, Darlinghurst, NSW
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Watanabe S, Suzukawa M, Tashimo H, Ohshima N, Asari I, Takada K, Imoto S, Nagase T, Ohta K. Low Serum IL-18 Levels May Predict the Effectiveness of Dupilumab in Severe Asthma. Intern Med 2024; 63:179-187. [PMID: 37225484 PMCID: PMC10864083 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1808-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody specific for the human interleukin (IL)-4 receptor α, is used to treat severe asthma, especially in patients with elevated blood eosinophil counts and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). The therapeutic response to dupilumab is highly variable. In this study, we explored new serum biomarkers to accurately predict the effect of dupilumab and examine the effect of dupilumab based on changes in the clinical parameters and cytokine levels. Methods Seventeen patients with severe asthma treated with dupilumab were enrolled. Responders, defined as those with a >0.5-point decrease in the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score after 6 months of treatment, were included. Results There were 10 responders and 7 non-responders. Serum type 2 cytokines were equivalent between responders and non-responders; the baseline serum IL-18 level was significantly lower in responders than in non-responders (responders, 194.9±51.0 pg/mL; non-responders, 323.4±122.7 pg/mL, p=0.013). The cut-off value of IL-18 at 230.5 pg/mL could be used to distinguish non-responders from responders (sensitivity 71.4, specificity 80.0, p=0.032). Conclusion A low baseline serum IL-18 level may be a useful predictor of an unfavorable response to dupilumab in terms of the ACQ-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuka Watanabe
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maho Suzukawa
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Japan
- Asthma, Allergy and Rheumatology Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tashimo
- Asthma, Allergy and Rheumatology Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Ohshima
- Center for Pulmonary Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Japan
| | - Isao Asari
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Takada
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sahoko Imoto
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Japan
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Vieira MIR, de Queiroz MVNP, de Santana MBR, Silva HDS, Oliveira A, Figueiredo CAV, Santos EMT, Costa RDS, Lasmar LMDLBF. The role of IL10 and IL17 gene polymorphisms in treatment response in children and adolescents with severe asthma. J Bras Pneumol 2024; 49:e20230092. [PMID: 38232251 PMCID: PMC10769478 DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20230092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether polymorphisms of the IL10 and IL17 genes are associated with severe asthma control and bronchodilator reversibility in children and adolescents with severe asthma. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study, nested within a prospective cohort study of patients with severe asthma. Two outcomes were evaluated: asthma control and bronchodilator reversibility. We extracted DNA from peripheral blood and genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs3819024 and rs2275913 in the IL17A gene; and rs3024498 in the IL10 gene. For the association analyses, we performed logistic regression in three genetic models (allelic, additive, and dominant). RESULTS The rs3024498 C allele in the IL10 gene was associated with failure to achieve asthma control despite regular treatment (p = 0.02). However, the G allele of the IL17A rs3819024 polymorphism was associated with failure to respond to stimulation with a b2 agonist. The rs2275913 polymorphism of the IL17A gene showed no relationship with asthma control or bronchodilator reversibility. CONCLUSIONS In pediatric patients with severe asthma, the IL10 polymorphism appears to be associated with failure to achieve clinical control, whereas the IL17A polymorphism appears to be associated with a worse bronchodilator response. Knowledge of the involvement of these polymorphisms opens future directions for pharmacogenetic studies and for the implementation of individualized therapeutic management of severe asthma in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Isadora Ribeiro Vieira
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | | | | | - Hatilla dos Santos Silva
- . Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Almirane Oliveira
- . Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | | | - Eduardo Martín Tarazona Santos
- . Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Ryan dos Santos Costa
- . Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Laura Maria de Lima Belizário Facury Lasmar
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
- . Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
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Xu Z, Forno E, Sun Y, Manni ML, Han YY, Kim S, Yue M, Vonk JM, Kersten ETM, Acosta-Perez E, Canino G, Koppelman GH, Chen W, Celedón JC. Nasal epithelial gene expression and total IgE in children and adolescents with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:122-131. [PMID: 37742934 PMCID: PMC10842443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about nasal epithelial gene expression and total IgE in youth. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify genes whose nasal epithelial expression differs by total IgE in youth, and group them into modules that could be mapped to airway epithelial cell types. METHODS We conducted a transcriptome-wide association study of total IgE in 469 Puerto Ricans aged 9 to 20 years who participated in the Epigenetic Variation and Childhood Asthma in Puerto Ricans study, separately in all subjects and in those with asthma. We then attempted to replicate top findings for each analysis using data from 3 cohorts. Genes with a Benjamini-Hochberg-adjusted P value of less than .05 in the Epigenetic Variation and Childhood Asthma in Puerto Ricans study and a P value of less than .05 in the same direction of association in 1 or more replication cohort were considered differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DEGs for total IgE in subjects with asthma were further dissected into gene modules using coexpression analysis, and such modules were mapped to specific cell types in airway epithelia using public single-cell RNA-sequencing data. RESULTS A higher number of DEGs for total IgE were identified in subjects with asthma (n = 1179 DEGs) than in all subjects (n = 631 DEGs). In subjects with asthma, DEGs were mapped to 11 gene modules. The top module for positive correlation with total IgE was mapped to myoepithelial and mucus secretory cells in lower airway epithelia and was regulated by IL-4, IL5, IL-13, and IL-33. Within this module, hub genes included CDH26, FETUB, NTRK2, CCBL1, CST1, and CST2. Furthermore, an enrichment analysis showed overrepresentation of genes in signaling pathways for synaptogenesis, IL-13, and ferroptosis, supporting interactions between interleukin- and acetylcholine-induced responses. CONCLUSIONS Our findings for nasal epithelial gene expression support neuroimmune coregulation of total IgE in youth with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli Xu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Erick Forno
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Yidan Sun
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle L Manni
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Yueh Ying Han
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Molin Yue
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Judith M Vonk
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elin T M Kersten
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edna Acosta-Perez
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute of Puerto Rico, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Glorisa Canino
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute of Puerto Rico, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Pediatrics, Medical Science Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Juan C Celedón
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa.
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Zhan W, Luo W, Zhang Y, Xiang K, Chen X, Shen S, Huang C, Xu T, Ding W, Chen Y, Lin M, Pan X, Lai K. Sputum Transcriptomics Reveals FCN1+ Macrophage Activation in Mild Eosinophilic Asthma Compared to Non-Asthmatic Eosinophilic Bronchitis. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2024; 16:55-70. [PMID: 38262391 PMCID: PMC10823142 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2024.16.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Eosinophilic asthma (EA) and non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (EB) share similar eosinophilic airway inflammation. Unlike EA, EB did not present airway hyperresponsiveness or airflow obstruction. We aimed to compare the mechanism underlying the different manifestations between EA and EB via sputum transcriptomics analysis. METHODS Induced-sputum cells from newly physician-diagnosed EA, EB patients, and healthy controls (HCs) were collected for RNA sequencing. RESULTS Bulk RNA sequencing was performed using sputum cells from patients with EA (n = 18), EB (n = 15) and HCs (n = 28). Principal component analysis revealed similar gene expression patterns in EA and EB. The most differentially expressed genes in EB compared with HC were also shared by EA, including IL4, IL5 IL13, CLC, CPA3, and DNASE1L3. However, gene set enrichment analysis showed that the signatures regulating macrophage activation were enriched in EA compared to EB. Sputum cells were profiled using single-cell RNA sequencing. FABP4+ macrophages, SPP1+ macrophages, FCN1+ macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, B cells, mast cells, and epithelial cells were identified based on gene expression profiling. Analysis of cell-cell communication revealed that interactions between FCN1+ macrophages and other cells were higher in EA than in EB. A wealth of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) interactions between FCN1+ macrophages and other cells have been shown in EA. The gene expression levels of EREG, TGFBI, and VEGFA in FCN1+ macrophages of EA were significantly higher than those of EB. Furthermore, signatures associated with the response to TGF-β, cellular response to VEGF stimulus and developmental cell growth were enriched in FCN1+ macrophages of EA compared to those of EB. CONCLUSIONS FCN1+ macrophage activation associated with airway remodeling processes was upregulated in EA compared to that in EB, which may contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness and airflow obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Zhan
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keheng Xiang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuirong Shen
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuqing Huang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Ding
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehan Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingtong Lin
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kefang Lai
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Pluangnooch P, Soontrapa K, Pudgerd A, Sridurongrit S. Expression of constitutively active TβRI leads to attenuation of ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation associated with augmented M2 polarization of alveolar macrophage. Respir Investig 2024; 62:90-97. [PMID: 38007853 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β (Tgf-β) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma through the regulation of T cells and airway epithelium. Its functions in alveolar macrophage (AM) during allergic airway inflammation remain unknown. METHODS A murine asthma model was induced with ovalbumin (ova) in TβRICA/Fsp1-Cre transgenic mice expressing constitutively active Tgf-β receptor type I (TβRICA) under the control of Fsp1-Cre transgene. Cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were collected to study immune cell infiltration in the lungs. Cytokine levels in BAL fluid were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Lungs were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and trichrome for histopathologic evaluation. AMs were assessed by flow cytometry and were sorted for quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS Our data indicated that TβRICA transcripts were induced in AMs of TβRICA/Fsp1-Cre mice. Following the ova challenges, TβRICA/Fsp1-Cre mice exhibited reduced cellular infiltration of the airway, reduced pulmonary fibrosis, and reduced bronchial mucus secretion as compared to ova-challenged wild-type mice. An alternatively activated macrophage (M2) polarization was significantly elevated in the lungs of ova-challenged TβRICA/Fsp1-Cre mice as reflected by increased numbers of AMs expressing M2 subtype marker, CD163, in the lungs and enhanced expression of CCR2 and CD206 in AMs. Moreover, TβRICA/Fsp1-Cre AMs showed augmented expression of transcription factors, Foxo1, and IRF4, which are known to be positive regulators for M2 polarization. CONCLUSIONS Expression of TβRICA in AMs promoted M2 polarization and ameliorated allergic airway inflammation in an ova-induced asthma mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panwadee Pluangnooch
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kitipong Soontrapa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Arnon Pudgerd
- Division of Anatomy, School of Medical Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Somyoth Sridurongrit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Yoshida H. Dissecting the Immune System through Gene Regulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1444:219-235. [PMID: 38467983 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The immune system plays a dual role in human health, functioning both as a protector against pathogens and, at times, as a contributor to disease. This feature emphasizes the importance to uncover the underlying causes of its malfunctions, necessitating an in-depth analysis in both pathological and physiological conditions to better understand the immune system and immune disorders. Recent advances in scientific technology have enabled extensive investigations into gene regulation, a crucial mechanism governing cellular functionality. Studying gene regulatory mechanisms within the immune system is a promising avenue for enhancing our understanding of immune cells and the immune system as a whole. The gene regulatory mechanisms, revealed through various methodologies, and their implications in the field of immunology are discussed in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Yoshida
- YCI Laboratory for Immunological Transcriptomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
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Asamoah K, Chung KF, Zounemat Kermani N, Bodinier B, Dahlen SE, Djukanovic R, Bhavsar PK, Adcock IM, Vuckovic D, Chadeau-Hyam M. Proteomic signatures of eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma from serum and sputum. EBioMedicine 2024; 99:104936. [PMID: 38128411 PMCID: PMC10776923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma defined by high levels of blood and sputum eosinophils and neutrophils exemplifies the inflammatory heterogeneity of asthma, particularly severe asthma. We analysed the serum and sputum proteome to identify biomarkers jointly associated with these different phenotypes. METHODS Proteomic profiles (N = 1129 proteins) were assayed in sputum (n = 182) and serum (n = 574) from two cohorts (U-BIOPRED and ADEPT) of mild-moderate and severe asthma by SOMAscan. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-penalised logistic regression in a stability selection framework, we sought sparse sets of proteins associated with either eosinophilic or neutrophilic asthma with and without adjustment for established clinical factors including oral corticosteroid use and forced expiratory volume. FINDINGS We identified 13 serum proteins associated with eosinophilic asthma, including 7 (PAPP-A, TARC/CCL17, ALT/GPT, IgE, CCL28, CO8A1, and IL5-Rα) that were stably selected while adjusting for clinical factors yielding an AUC of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.83-0.84) compared to 0.62 (95% CI: 0.61-0.63) for clinical factors only. Sputum protein analysis selected only PAPP-A (AUC = 0.81 [95% CI: 0.80-0.81]). 12 serum proteins were associated with neutrophilic asthma, of which 5 (MMP-9, EDAR, GIIE/PLA2G2E, IL-1-R4/IL1RL1, and Elafin) complemented clinical factors increasing the AUC from 0.63 (95% CI: 0.58-0.67) for the model with clinical factors only to 0.89 (95% CI: 0.89-0.90). Our model did not select any sputum proteins associated with neutrophilic status. INTERPRETATION Targeted serum proteomic profiles are a non-invasive and scalable approach for subtyping of neutrophilic and eosinophilic asthma and for future functional understanding of these phenotypes. FUNDING U-BIOPRED has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) Joint Undertaking under grant agreement no. 115010, resources of which are composed of financial contributions from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013), and European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA) companies' in-kind contributions (www.imi.europa.eu). ADEPT was funded by Johnson & Johnson/Janssen pharmaceutical Company.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khezia Asamoah
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Data Science Institute, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nazanin Zounemat Kermani
- Data Science Institute, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Bodinier
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Sven-Erik Dahlen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ratko Djukanovic
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Pankaj K Bhavsar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Data Science Institute, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
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Sasano H, Harada N, Harada S, Takeshige T, Sandhu Y, Tanabe Y, Ishimori A, Matsuno K, Nagaoka T, Ito J, Chiba A, Akiba H, Atsuta R, Izuhara K, Miyake S, Takahashi K. Pretreatment circulating MAIT cells, neutrophils, and periostin predicted the real-world response after 1-year mepolizumab treatment in asthmatics. Allergol Int 2024; 73:94-106. [PMID: 37336695 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mepolizumab treatment improves symptom control and quality of life and reduces exacerbations in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. However, biomarkers that predict therapeutic effectiveness must be determined for use in precision medicine. Herein, we elucidated the dynamics of various parameters before and after treatment as well as patient characteristics predictive of clinical responsiveness to mepolizumab after 1-year treatment. METHODS Twenty-seven patients with severe asthma were treated with mepolizumab for one year. Asthma control test scores, pulmonary function tests, fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels, and blood samples were evaluated. Additionally, we explored the role of CD69-positive mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells as a candidate biomarker for predicting treatment effectiveness by evaluating an OVA-induced asthma murine model using MR1 knockout mice, where MAIT cells were absent. RESULTS The frequencies of CD69-positive group 1 innate lymphoid cells, group 3 innate lymphoid cells, natural killer cells, and MAIT cells decreased after mepolizumab treatment. The frequency of CD69-positive MAIT cells and neutrophils was lower and serum periostin levels were higher in responders than in non-responders. In the OVA-induced asthma murine model, CD69-positive MAIT cell count in the whole mouse lung was significantly higher than that in the control mice. Moreover, OVA-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation was exacerbated in the MAIT cell-deficient MR1 knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that circulating CD69-positive MAIT cells, neutrophils, and serum periostin might predict the real-world response after 1-year mepolizumab treatment. Furthermore, MAIT cells potentially have a protective role against type 2 airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Sasano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Harada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Sonoko Harada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohito Takeshige
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuki Sandhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Ishimori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Matsuno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Nagaoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Chiba
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisaya Akiba
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Atsuta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Sachiko Miyake
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Welham A, Chorvinsky E, Bhattacharya S, Bera BS, Salka K, Weinstock J, Chen XX, Perez GF, Pillai DK, Gutierrez MJ, Morizono H, Jaiswal J, Nino G. High TSLP responses in the human infant airways are associated with pre-activated airway epithelial IFN antiviral immunity. Immunology 2023. [PMID: 38148520 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a primarily epithelial-derived cytokine that drives type 2 allergic immune responses. Early life viral respiratory infections elicit high TSLP production, which leads to the development of type 2 inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. The goal of this study was to examine in vivo and in vitro the human airway epithelial responses leading to high TSLP production during viral respiratory infections in early infancy. A total of 129 infants (<1-24 m, median age 10 m) with severe viral respiratory infections were enrolled for in vivo (n = 113), and in vitro studies (n = 16). Infants were classified as 'high TSLP' or 'low TSLP' for values above or below the 50th percentile. High versus low TSLP groups were compared in terms of type I-III IFN responses and production of chemokines promoting antiviral (CXCL10), neutrophilic (CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8), and type 2 responses (CCL11, CCL17, CCL22). Human infant airway epithelial cell (AEC) cultures were used to define the transcriptomic (RNAseq) profile leading to high versus low TSLP responses in vitro in the absence (baseline) or presence (stimulated) of a viral mimic (poly I:C). Infants in the high TSLP group had greater in vivo type III IFN airway production (median type III IFN in high TSLP 183.2 pg/mL vs. 63.4 pg/mL in low TSLP group, p = 0.007) and increased in vitro type I-III IFN AEC responses after stimulation with a viral mimic (poly I:C). At baseline, our RNAseq data showed that infants in the high TSLP group had significant upregulation of IFN signature genes (e.g., IFIT2, IFI6, MX1) and pro-inflammatory chemokine genes before stimulation. Infants in the high TSLP group also showed a baseline AEC pro-inflammatory state characterized by increased production of all the chemokines assayed (e.g., CXCL10, CXCL8). High TSLP responses in the human infant airways are associated with pre-activated airway epithelial IFN antiviral immunity and increased baseline AEC production of pro-inflammatory chemokines. These findings present a new paradigm underlying the production of TSLP in the human infant airway epithelium following early life viral exposure and shed light on the long-term impact of viral respiratory illnesses during early infancy and beyond childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Welham
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Elizabeth Chorvinsky
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Surajit Bhattacharya
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Betelehem Solomon Bera
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kyle Salka
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jered Weinstock
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xilei Xu Chen
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Oishei Children's Hospital, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Geovanny F Perez
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Oishei Children's Hospital, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Dinesh K Pillai
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maria J Gutierrez
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Gustavo Nino
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Sarikloglou E, Fouzas S, Paraskakis E. Prediction of Asthma Exacerbations in Children. J Pers Med 2023; 14:20. [PMID: 38248721 PMCID: PMC10820562 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma exacerbations are common in asthmatic children, even among those with good disease control. Asthma attacks result in the children and their parents missing school and work days; limit the patient's social and physical activities; and lead to emergency department visits, hospital admissions, or even fatal events. Thus, the prompt identification of asthmatic children at risk for exacerbation is crucial, as it may allow for proactive measures that could prevent these episodes. Children prone to asthma exacerbation are a heterogeneous group; various demographic factors such as younger age, ethnic group, low family income, clinical parameters (history of an exacerbation in the past 12 months, poor asthma control, poor adherence to treatment, comorbidities), Th2 inflammation, and environmental exposures (pollutants, stress, viral and bacterial pathogens) determine the risk of a future exacerbation and should be carefully considered. This paper aims to review the existing evidence regarding the predictors of asthma exacerbations in children and offer practical monitoring guidance for promptly recognizing patients at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sotirios Fouzas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Patras Medical School, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Emmanouil Paraskakis
- Paediatric Respiratory Unit, Paediatric Department, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
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Naftel J, Mistry H, Mitchell FA, Belson J, Kyyaly MA, Barber C, Haitchi HM, Dennison P, Djukanovic R, Seumois G, Vijayanand P, Arshad SH, Kurukulaaratchy RJ. How Does Mild Asthma Differ Phenotypically from Difficult-to-Treat Asthma? J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:1333-1345. [PMID: 38144877 PMCID: PMC10748667 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s430183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite most of the asthma population having mild disease, the mild asthma phenotype is poorly understood. Here, we aim to address this gap in knowledge by extensively characterising the mild asthma phenotype and comparing this with difficult-to-treat asthma. Methods We assessed two real-world adult cohorts from the South of England using an identical methodology: the Wessex AsThma CoHort of difficult asthma (WATCH) (n=498) and a mild asthma cohort from the comparator arm of the Epigenetics Of Severe Asthma (EOSA) study (n=67). Data acquisition included detailed clinical, health and disease-related questionnaires, anthropometry, allergy and lung function testing, plus biological samples (blood and sputum) in a subset. Results Mild asthma is predominantly early-onset and is associated with type-2 (T2) inflammation (atopy, raised fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), blood/sputum eosinophilia) plus preserved lung function. A high prevalence of comorbidities and multimorbidity was observed in mild asthma, particularly depression (58.2%) and anxiety (56.7%). In comparison to difficult asthma, mild disease showed similar female predominance (>60%), T2-high inflammation and atopy prevalence, but lower peripheral blood/airway neutrophil counts and preserved lung function. Mild asthma was also associated with a greater prevalence of current smokers (20.9%). A multi-component T2-high inflammatory measure was comparable between the cohorts; T2-high status 88.1% in mild asthma and 93.5% in difficult asthma. Conclusion Phenotypic characterisation of mild asthma identified early-onset disease with high prevalence of current smokers, T2-high inflammation and significant multimorbidity burden. Early comprehensive assessment of mild asthma patients could help prevent potential later progression to more complex severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Naftel
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Heena Mistry
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- The David Hide Asthma & Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK
- Vijayanand Laboratory, La Jolla Institute of Immunology, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Frances Ann Mitchell
- The David Hide Asthma & Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - Jane Belson
- The David Hide Asthma & Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - Mohammed Aref Kyyaly
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- The David Hide Asthma & Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - Clair Barber
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hans Michael Haitchi
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paddy Dennison
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Ratko Djukanovic
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gregory Seumois
- Vijayanand Laboratory, La Jolla Institute of Immunology, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Pandurangan Vijayanand
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Vijayanand Laboratory, La Jolla Institute of Immunology, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Syed Hasan Arshad
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- The David Hide Asthma & Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ramesh J Kurukulaaratchy
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- The David Hide Asthma & Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK
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