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Shannon CE, Bakewell T, Fourcaudot MJ, Ayala I, Smelter AA, Hinostroza EA, Romero G, Asmis M, Freitas Lima LC, Wallace M, Norton L. The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier regulates adipose glucose partitioning in female mice. Mol Metab 2024; 88:102005. [PMID: 39137831 PMCID: PMC11382204 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) occupies a critical node in intermediary metabolism, prompting interest in its utility as a therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Dysregulated nutrient metabolism in adipose tissue is a prominent feature of obesity pathophysiology, yet the functional role of adipose MPC has not been explored. We investigated whether the MPC shapes the adaptation of adipose tissue to dietary stress in female and male mice. METHODS The impact of pharmacological and genetic disruption of the MPC on mitochondrial pathways of triglyceride assembly (lipogenesis and glyceroneogenesis) was assessed in 3T3L1 adipocytes and murine adipose explants, combined with analyses of adipose MPC expression in metabolically compromised humans. Whole-body and adipose-specific glucose metabolism were subsequently investigated in male and female mice lacking adipocyte MPC1 (Mpc1AD-/-) and fed either standard chow, high-fat western style, or high-sucrose lipid restricted diets for 24 weeks, using a combination of radiolabeled tracers and GC/MS metabolomics. RESULTS Treatment with UK5099 or siMPC1 impaired the synthesis of lipids and glycerol-3-phosphate from pyruvate and blunted triglyceride accumulation in 3T3L1 adipocytes, whilst MPC expression in human adipose tissue was negatively correlated with indices of whole-body and adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction. Mature adipose explants from Mpc1AD-/- mice were intrinsically incapable of incorporating pyruvate into triglycerides. In vivo, MPC deletion restricted the incorporation of circulating glucose into adipose triglycerides, but only in female mice fed a zero fat diet, and this associated with sex-specific reductions in tricarboxylic acid cycle pool sizes and compensatory transcriptional changes in lipogenic and glycerol metabolism pathways. However, whole-body adiposity and metabolic health were preserved in Mpc1AD-/- mice regardless of sex, even under conditions of zero dietary fat. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the greater capacity for mitochondrially driven triglyceride assembly in adipose from female versus male mice and expose a reliance upon MPC-gated metabolism for glucose partitioning in female adipose under conditions of dietary lipid restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Shannon
- UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Terry Bakewell
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Marcel J Fourcaudot
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Iriscilla Ayala
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Annie A Smelter
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edgar A Hinostroza
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Giovanna Romero
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mara Asmis
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Leandro C Freitas Lima
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Martina Wallace
- UCD Conway Institute, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke Norton
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Zhang Z, Chang L, Wang B, Wei Y, Li X, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang K, Qiao R, Yang F, Yu T, Han X. Differential chromatin accessibility and Gene Expression Associated with Backfat Deposition in pigs. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:902. [PMID: 39349998 PMCID: PMC11441165 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10805-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Backfat serves as a vital fat reservoir in pigs, and its excessive accumulation will adversely impact pig growth performance, farming efficiency, and pork quality. The aim of this research is to integrate assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying porcine backfat deposition. RESULTS ATAC-seq analysis identified 568 genes originating from 698 regions exhibiting differential accessibility, which were significantly enriched in pathways pertinent to adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. Besides, a total of 283 transcription factors (TFs) were identified by motif analysis. RNA-seq analysis revealed 978 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were enriched in pathways related to energy metabolism, cell cycle and signal transduction. The integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data indicates that DEG expression levels are associated with chromatin accessibility. This comprehensive study highlights the involvement of critical pathways, including the Wnt signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, and fatty acid degradation, in the regulation of backfat deposition. Through rigorous analysis, we identified several candidate genes (LEP, CTBP2, EHHADH, OSMR, TCF7L2, BCL2, FGF1, UCP2, CCND1, TIMP1, and VDR) as potentially significant contributors to backfat deposition. Additionally, we constructed TF-TF and TF-target gene regulatory networks and identified a series of potential TFs related to backfat deposition (FOS, STAT3, SMAD3, and ESR1). CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first application of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq, affording a novel perspective into the mechanisms underlying backfat deposition and providing invaluable resources for the enhancement of pig breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lebin Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yilin Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xinjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Xiuling Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yongqian Zhang
- Henan Yifa Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd, Hebi, 458000, China
| | - Kejun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ruimin Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Tong Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xuelei Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Das S, Varshney R, Farriester JW, Kyere-Davies G, Martinez AE, Hill K, Kinter M, Mullen GP, Nagareddy PR, Rudolph MC. NR2F2 Reactivation in Early-life Adipocyte Stem-like Cells Rescues Adipocyte Mitochondrial Oxidation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.09.611047. [PMID: 39314382 PMCID: PMC11419096 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.09.611047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
In humans, perinatal exposure to an elevated omega-6 (n6) relative to omega-3 (n3) Fatty Acid (FA) ratio is associated with the likelihood of childhood obesity. In mice, we show perinatal exposure to excessive n6-FA programs neonatal Adipocyte Stem-like cells (ASCs) to differentiate into adipocytes with lower mitochondrial nutrient oxidation and a propensity for nutrient storage. Omega-6 FA exposure reduced fatty acid oxidation (FAO) capacity, coinciding with impaired induction of beige adipocyte regulatory factors PPARγ, PGC1α, PRDM16, and UCP1. ASCs from n6-FA exposed pups formed adipocytes with increased lipogenic genes in vitro, consistent with an in vivo accelerated adipocyte hypertrophy, greater triacylglyceride accumulation, and increased % body fat. Conversely, n6-FA exposed pups had impaired whole animal 13C-palmitate oxidation. The metabolic nuclear receptor, NR2F2, was suppressed in ASCs by excess n6-FA intake preceding adipogenesis. ASC deletion of NR2F2, prior to adipogenesis, mimicked the reduced FAO capacity observed in ASCs from n6-FA exposed pups, suggesting that NR2F2 is required in ASCs for robust beige regulator expression and downstream nutrient oxidation in adipocytes. Transiently re-activating NR2F2 with ligand prior to differentiation in ASCs from n6-FA exposed pups, restored their FAO capacity as adipocytes by increasing the PPARγ-PGC1α axis, mitochondrial FA transporter CPT1A, ATP5 family synthases, and NDUF family Complex I proteins. Our findings suggest that excessive n6-FA exposure early in life dampens an NR2F2-mediated induction of beige adipocyte regulators, resulting in metabolic programming that is shifted towards nutrient storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehasis Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Rohan Varshney
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jacob W. Farriester
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Gertrude Kyere-Davies
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Alexandrea E. Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Michael Kinter
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Gregory P. Mullen
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Prabhakara R. Nagareddy
- Deptartment of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Section, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Michael C. Rudolph
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Yang J, Cai Z, Fang Y, Shan B, Zhang R, Lin L, Li Y, Zhang J. Whole-Genome Resequencing Reveals Signatures of Adaptive Evolution in Acanthopagrus latus and Rhabdosargus sarba. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2339. [PMID: 39199873 PMCID: PMC11350792 DOI: 10.3390/ani14162339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Acanthopagrus latus and Rhabdosargus sarba are economically important marine species along the coast of China, with similar external morphological characteristics and living habits, with wide distribution and strong adaptability. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptive evolution of these two species, we conducted whole-genome resequencing of 10 individuals of both species from the coastal waters of Wuyu Island, Fujian, China, using high-throughput sequencing technology. We obtained SNP, InDel, CNV, and SV variation information and annotated these variations, constructing a genomic variation database for both species. By comparing the resequencing data with reference genomes, we identified 9,829,511 SNP loci in the population of A. latus and 34,051,056 SNP loci in the population of R. sarba. Using whole-genome SNP data, we employed Fst and ROD methods to identify candidate genomic regions under selection. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis using GO and KEGG databases revealed potential adaptive evolution in R. sarba associated with immune response, feeding, growth and development, and locomotion, while A. latus showed potential adaptive evolution associated with immune response, nervous system, growth and development, and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Yang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.Y.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Zizi Cai
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.Y.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (L.L.)
- School of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.Y.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (L.L.)
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Binbin Shan
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
| | - Ran Zhang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.Y.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Longshan Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.Y.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (L.L.)
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.Y.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (L.L.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (J.Y.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (L.L.)
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment, Xiamen 361021, China
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Pu P, Hou Y, Zhang Q, Hu X, Ding Y, Jia P, Zhao H. Treatment and genetic analysis of multiple supernumerary and impacted teeth in an adolescent patient. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:790. [PMID: 39004718 PMCID: PMC11246580 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple supernumerary teeth, combined with numerous impacted teeth, can lead to various malocclusions, posing significant treatment challenges. While certain genes associated with syndromic cases of multiple supernumerary and impacted teeth have been identified, the etiologies of non-syndromic cases still largely remain elusive. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we report a treatment of a 12-year-old boy who presented with 10 supernumerary teeth and 6 impacted teeth, accompanied by a genetic analysis to explore the underlying etiology. During the treatment, fifteen teeth were extracted, and various skilled techniques, including the closed-eruption technique and the application of by-pass arches, were utilized. Post-treatment, traction was successful for all the impacted teeth, without any tooth mobility or reduction in gingival height. Space closure, well-aligned teeth, and excellent functional occlusion were achieved. Furthermore, comprehensive genetic analysis was conducted through whole-exome sequencing on the patient and his parents, which revealed a potential link between the patient's numerous supernumerary teeth and abnormal mineralization. Notably, the p.Ser496Pro variant in the TCF7L2 gene was identified as a potential candidate variant in this patient. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings not only report the treatment of a rare case involving multiple supernumerary and impacted teeth but also offer valuable insights into the molecular basis of supernumerary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panjun Pu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, PR China
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, PR China
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, PR China
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, PR China
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Peizeng Jia
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Ave, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Huaxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 98, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, PR China.
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Shannon CE, Bakewell T, Fourcaudot MJ, Ayala I, Romero G, Asmis M, Lima LCF, Wallace M, Norton L. Sex-dependent adipose glucose partitioning by the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.593540. [PMID: 38798427 PMCID: PMC11118482 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.593540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) occupies a critical node in intermediary metabolism, prompting interest in its utility as a therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Dysregulated nutrient metabolism in adipose tissue is a prominent feature of obesity pathophysiology, yet the functional role of adipose MPC has not been explored. We investigated whether the MPC shapes the adaptation of adipose tissue to dietary stress in female and male mice. Methods The impact of pharmacological and genetic disruption of the MPC on mitochondrial pathways of triglyceride assembly (lipogenesis and glyceroneogenesis) was assessed in 3T3L1 adipocytes and murine adipose explants, combined with analyses of adipose MPC expression in metabolically compromised humans. Whole-body and adipose-specific glucose metabolism were subsequently investigated in male and female mice lacking adipocyte MPC1 (Mpc1AD-/-) and fed either standard chow, high-fat western style, or high-sucrose lipid restricted diets for 24 weeks, using a combination of radiolabeled tracers and GC/MS metabolomics. Results Treatment with UK5099 or siMPC1 impaired the synthesis of lipids and glycerol-3-phosphate from pyruvate and blunted triglyceride accumulation in 3T3L1 adipocytes, whilst MPC expression in human adipose tissue was negatively correlated with indices of whole-body and adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction. Mature adipose explants from Mpc1AD-/- mice were intrinsically incapable of incorporating pyruvate into triglycerides. In vivo, MPC deletion restricted the incorporation of circulating glucose into adipose triglycerides, but only in female mice fed a zero fat diet, and this associated with sex-specific reductions in tricarboxylic acid cycle pool sizes and compensatory transcriptional changes in lipogenic and glycerol metabolism pathways. However, whole-body adiposity and metabolic health were preserved in Mpc1AD-/- mice regardless of sex, even under conditions of zero dietary fat. Conclusion These findings highlight the greater capacity for mitochondrially driven triglyceride assembly in adipose from female versus male mice and expose a reliance upon MPC-gated metabolism for glucose partitioning in female adipose under conditions of dietary lipid restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Shannon
- UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Terry Bakewell
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Marcel J Fourcaudot
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Iriscilla Ayala
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Giovanna Romero
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mara Asmis
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Leandro C Freitas Lima
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Martina Wallace
- UCD Conway Institute, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke Norton
- Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Mononen J, Taipale M, Malinen M, Velidendla B, Niskanen E, Levonen AL, Ruotsalainen AK, Heikkinen S. Genetic variation is a key determinant of chromatin accessibility and drives differences in the regulatory landscape of C57BL/6J and 129S1/SvImJ mice. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2904-2923. [PMID: 38153160 PMCID: PMC11014276 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Most common genetic variants associated with disease are located in non-coding regions of the genome. One mechanism by which they function is through altering transcription factor (TF) binding. In this study, we explore how genetic variation is connected to differences in the regulatory landscape of livers from C57BL/6J and 129S1/SvImJ mice fed either chow or a high-fat diet. To identify sites where regulatory variation affects TF binding and nearby gene expression, we employed an integrative analysis of H3K27ac ChIP-seq (active enhancers), ATAC-seq (chromatin accessibility) and RNA-seq (gene expression). We show that, across all these assays, the genetically driven (i.e. strain-specific) differences in the regulatory landscape are more pronounced than those modified by diet. Most notably, our analysis revealed that differentially accessible regions (DARs, N = 29635, FDR < 0.01 and fold change > 50%) are almost always strain-specific and enriched with genetic variation. Moreover, proximal DARs are highly correlated with differentially expressed genes. We also show that TF binding is affected by genetic variation, which we validate experimentally using ChIP-seq for TCF7L2 and CTCF. This study provides detailed insights into how non-coding genetic variation alters the gene regulatory landscape, and demonstrates how this can be used to study the regulatory variation influencing TF binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Mononen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Mari Taipale
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Marjo Malinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu FI- 80101, Finland
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Engineering, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Kouvola FI-45100, Finland
| | - Bharadwaja Velidendla
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Einari Niskanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Anna-Liisa Levonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
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Suthon S, Tangjittipokin W. Mechanisms and Physiological Roles of Polymorphisms in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2039. [PMID: 38396716 PMCID: PMC10888615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant pregnancy complication linked to perinatal complications and an elevated risk of future metabolic disorders for both mothers and their children. GDM is diagnosed when women without prior diabetes develop chronic hyperglycemia due to β-cell dysfunction during gestation. Global research focuses on the association between GDM and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and aims to enhance our understanding of GDM's pathogenesis, predict its risk, and guide patient management. This review offers a summary of various SNPs linked to a heightened risk of GDM and explores their biological mechanisms within the tissues implicated in the development of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarocha Suthon
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence Management, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Watip Tangjittipokin
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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Koga Y, Kajitani N, Miyako K, Takizawa H, Boku S, Takebayashi M. TCF7L2: A potential key regulator of antidepressant effects on hippocampal astrocytes in depression model mice. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:375-386. [PMID: 38215648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical studies suggest that hippocampal astrocyte dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of depression; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we attempted to identify the hippocampal astrocytic transcripts associated with antidepressant effects in a mouse model of depression. We used a chronic corticosterone-induced mouse model of depression to assess the behavioral effects of amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant. Hippocampal astrocytes were isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and RNA sequencing was performed to evaluate the transcriptional profiles associated with depressive effects and antidepressant responses. Depression model mice exhibited typical depression-like behaviors that improved after amitriptyline treatment; the depression group mice also had significantly reduced GFAP-positive astrocyte numbers in hippocampal subfields. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of hippocampal astrocytes showed opposing responses to amitriptyline in depression group and control mice, suggesting the importance of using the depression model. Transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) was the only upstream regulator gene altered in depression model mice and restored in amitriptyline-treated depression model mice. In fact, TCF7L2 expression was significantly decreased in the depression group. The level of TCF7L2 long non-coding RNA, which controls mRNA expression of the TCF7L2 gene, was also significantly decreased in this group and recovered after amitriptyline treatment. The Gene Ontology biological processes associated with astrocytic TCF7L2 included proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production. We identified TCF7L2 as a gene associated with depression- and antidepressant-like behaviors in response to amitriptyline in hippocampal astrocytes. Our findings could provide valuable insights into the mechanism of astrocyte-mediated antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusaku Koga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoto Kajitani
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan; Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kotaro Miyako
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shuken Boku
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Minoru Takebayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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10
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Bakhtiarizadeh MR. Deciphering the role of alternative splicing as a potential regulator in fat-tail development of sheep: a comprehensive RNA-seq based study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2361. [PMID: 38287039 PMCID: PMC10825154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Although research on alternative splicing (AS) has been widely conducted in mammals, no study has investigated the splicing profiles of genes involved in fat-tail formation in sheep. Here, for the first time, a comprehensive study was designed to investigate the profile of AS events and their involvement in fat-tail development of sheep. In total, 45 RNA-Seq samples related to seven different studies, which have compared the fat-tailed vs thin-tailed sheep breeds, were analyzed. Two independent tools, rMATS and Whippet, along with a set of stringent filters were applied to identify differential AS (DAS) events between the breeds per each study. Only DAS events that were detected by both tools as well as in at least three datasets with the same ΔPSI trend (percent spliced in), were considered as the final high-confidence set of DAS genes. Final results revealed 130 DAS skipped exon events (69 negative and 61 positive ΔPSI) belonged to 124 genes. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of the genes in the underlying molecular mechanisms of fat metabolism. Moreover, protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that DAS genes are significantly connected. Of DAS genes, five transcription factors were found that were enriched in the biological process associated with lipid metabolism like "Fat Cell Differentiation". Further investigations of the findings along with a comprehensive literature review provided a reliable list of candidate genes that may potentially contribute to fat-tail formation including HSD11B1, SIRT2, STRN3 and TCF7L2. Based on the results, it can be stated that the AS patterns may have evolved, during the evolution of sheep breeds, as another layer of regulation to contribute to biological complexity by reprogramming the gene regulatory networks. This study provided the theoretical basis of the molecular mechanisms behind the sheep fat-tail development in terms of AS.
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11
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Thornton JM, Shah NM, Lillycrop KA, Cui W, Johnson MR, Singh N. Multigenerational diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1245899. [PMID: 38288471 PMCID: PMC10822950 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1245899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GDM) changes the maternal metabolic and uterine environment, thus increasing the risk of short- and long-term adverse outcomes for both mother and child. Children of mothers who have GDM during their pregnancy are more likely to develop Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), early-onset cardiovascular disease and GDM when they themselves become pregnant, perpetuating a multigenerational increased risk of metabolic disease. The negative effect of GDM is exacerbated by maternal obesity, which induces a greater derangement of fetal adipogenesis and growth. Multiple factors, including genetic, epigenetic and metabolic, which interact with lifestyle factors and the environment, are likely to contribute to the development of GDM. Genetic factors are particularly important, with 30% of women with GDM having at least one parent with T2D. Fetal epigenetic modifications occur in response to maternal GDM, and may mediate both multi- and transgenerational risk. Changes to the maternal metabolome in GDM are primarily related to fatty acid oxidation, inflammation and insulin resistance. These might be effective early biomarkers allowing the identification of women at risk of GDM prior to the development of hyperglycaemia. The impact of the intra-uterine environment on the developing fetus, "developmental programming", has a multisystem effect, but its influence on adipogenesis is particularly important as it will determine baseline insulin sensitivity, and the response to future metabolic challenges. Identifying the critical window of metabolic development and developing effective interventions are key to our ability to improve population metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Thornton
- Department of Academic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nishel M. Shah
- Department of Academic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen A. Lillycrop
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R. Johnson
- Department of Academic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Singh
- Department of Academic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Hernández-Quiles M, Martinez Campesino L, Morris I, Ilyas Z, Reynolds S, Soon Tan N, Sobrevals Alcaraz P, Stigter ECA, Varga Á, Varga J, van Es R, Vos H, Wilson HL, Kiss-Toth E, Kalkhoven E. The pseudokinase TRIB3 controls adipocyte lipid homeostasis and proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mol Metab 2023; 78:101829. [PMID: 38445671 PMCID: PMC10663684 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In vivo studies in humans and mice have implicated the pseudokinase Tribbles 3 (TRIB3) in various aspects of energy metabolism. Whilst cell-based studies indicate a role for TRIB3 in adipocyte differentiation and function, it is unclear if and how these cellular functions may contribute to overall metabolic health. METHODS We investigated the metabolic phenotype of whole-body Trib3 knockout (Trib3KO) mice, focusing on adipocyte and adipose tissue functions. In addition, we combined lipidomics, transcriptomics, interactomics and phosphoproteomics analyses to elucidate cell-intrinsic functions of TRIB3 in pre- and mature adipocytes. RESULTS Trib3KO mice display increased adiposity, but their insulin sensitivity remains unaltered. Trib3KO adipocytes are smaller and display higher Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) levels, indicating potential alterations in either i) proliferation-differentiation balance, ii) impaired expansion after cell division, or iii) an altered balance between lipid storage and release, or a combination thereof. Lipidome analyses suggest TRIB3 involvement in the latter two processes, as triglyceride storage is reduced and membrane composition, which can restrain cellular expansion, is altered. Integrated interactome, phosphoproteome and transcriptome analyses support a role for TRIB3 in all three cellular processes through multiple cellular pathways, including Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase- (MAPK/ERK), Protein Kinase A (PKA)-mediated signaling and Transcription Factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) and Beta Catenin-mediated gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support TRIB3 playing multiple distinct regulatory roles in the cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria, ultimately controlling adipose tissue homeostasis, rather than affecting a single cellular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Hernández-Quiles
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3C584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Martinez Campesino
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Imogen Morris
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3C584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Zabran Ilyas
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Steve Reynolds
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232 Singapore, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paula Sobrevals Alcaraz
- Oncode Institute and Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3C584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin C A Stigter
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3C584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ákos Varga
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Varga
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Robert van Es
- Oncode Institute and Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3C584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harmjan Vos
- Oncode Institute and Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3C584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Heather L Wilson
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Eric Kalkhoven
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3C584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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13
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Zhang Z, Cui Y, Su V, Wang D, Tol MJ, Cheng L, Wu X, Kim J, Rajbhandari P, Zhang S, Li W, Tontonoz P, Villanueva CJ, Sallam T. A PPARγ/long noncoding RNA axis regulates adipose thermoneutral remodeling in mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170072. [PMID: 37909330 PMCID: PMC10617768 DOI: 10.1172/jci170072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Interplay between energy-storing white adipose cells and thermogenic beige adipocytes contributes to obesity and insulin resistance. Irrespective of specialized niche, adipocytes require the activity of the nuclear receptor PPARγ for proper function. Exposure to cold or adrenergic signaling enriches thermogenic cells though multiple pathways that act synergistically with PPARγ; however, the molecular mechanisms by which PPARγ licenses white adipose tissue to preferentially adopt a thermogenic or white adipose fate in response to dietary cues or thermoneutral conditions are not fully elucidated. Here, we show that a PPARγ/long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) axis integrates canonical and noncanonical thermogenesis to restrain white adipose tissue heat dissipation during thermoneutrality and diet-induced obesity. Pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of the lncRNA Lexis enhances uncoupling protein 1-dependent (UCP1-dependent) and -independent thermogenesis. Adipose-specific deletion of Lexis counteracted diet-induced obesity, improved insulin sensitivity, and enhanced energy expenditure. Single-nuclei transcriptomics revealed that Lexis regulates a distinct population of thermogenic adipocytes. We systematically map Lexis motif preferences and show that it regulates the thermogenic program through the activity of the metabolic GWAS gene and WNT modulator TCF7L2. Collectively, our studies uncover a new mode of crosstalk between PPARγ and WNT that preserves white adipose tissue plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ya Cui
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vivien Su
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marcus J. Tol
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lijing Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jason Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sicheng Zhang
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and
| | - Claudio J. Villanueva
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, College of Life Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tamer Sallam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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14
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Vrânceanu M, Hegheş SC, Cozma-Petruţ A, Banc R, Stroia CM, Raischi V, Miere D, Popa DS, Filip L. Plant-Derived Nutraceuticals Involved in Body Weight Control by Modulating Gene Expression. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2273. [PMID: 37375898 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is the most prevalent health problem in the Western world, with pathological body weight gain associated with numerous co-morbidities that can be the main cause of death. There are several factors that can contribute to the development of obesity, such as diet, sedentary lifestyle, and genetic make-up. Genetic predispositions play an important role in obesity, but genetic variations alone cannot fully explain the explosion of obesity, which is why studies have turned to epigenetics. The latest scientific evidence suggests that both genetics and environmental factors contribute to the rise in obesity. Certain variables, such as diet and exercise, have the ability to alter gene expression without affecting the DNA sequence, a phenomenon known as epigenetics. Epigenetic changes are reversible, and reversibility makes these changes attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. While anti-obesity drugs have been proposed to this end in recent decades, their numerous side effects make them not very attractive. On the other hand, the use of nutraceuticals for weight loss is increasing, and studies have shown that some of these products, such as resveratrol, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginger, capsaicin, and caffeine, can alter gene expression, restoring the normal epigenetic profile and aiding weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vrânceanu
- Department of Toxicology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona-Codruţa Hegheş
- Department of Drug Analysis, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Cozma-Petruţ
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Banc
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmina Mariana Stroia
- Department of Pharmacy, Oradea University, 1 Universităţii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Viorica Raischi
- Laboratory of Physiology of Stress, Adaptation and General Sanocreatology, Institute of Physiology and Sanocreatology, 1 Academiei Street, 2028 Chișinău, Moldova
| | - Doina Miere
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela-Saveta Popa
- Department of Toxicology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lorena Filip
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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15
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Suren Garg S, Kushwaha K, Dubey R, Gupta J. Association between obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance: Insights into signaling pathways and therapeutic interventions. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 200:110691. [PMID: 37150407 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a metabolic disorder, is becoming a worldwide epidemic that predominantly increases the risk for various diseases including metabolic inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms that link obesity with other metabolic diseases are not completely understood. In obesity, various inflammatory pathways that cause inflammation in adipose tissue of an obese individual become activated and exacerbate the disease. Obesity-induced low-grade metabolic inflammation perturbates the insulin signaling pathway and leads to insulin resistance. Researchers have identified several pathways that link the impairment of insulin resistance through obesity-induced inflammation like activation of Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins, cJun-N-terminal Kinase (JNK), Wingless-related integration site (Wnt), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways. In this review article, the published studies have been reviewed to identify the potential and influential role of different signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance along with the discussion on potential therapeutic strategies. Therapies targeting these signaling pathways show improvements in metabolic diseases associated with obesity, but require further testing and confirmation through clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourbh Suren Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Kriti Kushwaha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rupal Dubey
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Jeena Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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16
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Díez-Del-Molino D, Dehasque M, Chacón-Duque JC, Pečnerová P, Tikhonov A, Protopopov A, Plotnikov V, Kanellidou F, Nikolskiy P, Mortensen P, Danilov GK, Vartanyan S, Gilbert MTP, Lister AM, Heintzman PD, van der Valk T, Dalén L. Genomics of adaptive evolution in the woolly mammoth. Curr Biol 2023; 33:1753-1764.e4. [PMID: 37030294 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Ancient genomes provide a tool to investigate the genetic basis of adaptations in extinct organisms. However, the identification of species-specific fixed genetic variants requires the analysis of genomes from multiple individuals. Moreover, the long-term scale of adaptive evolution coupled with the short-term nature of traditional time series data has made it difficult to assess when different adaptations evolved. Here, we analyze 23 woolly mammoth genomes, including one of the oldest known specimens at 700,000 years old, to identify fixed derived non-synonymous mutations unique to the species and to obtain estimates of when these mutations evolved. We find that at the time of its origin, the woolly mammoth had already acquired a broad spectrum of positively selected genes, including ones associated with hair and skin development, fat storage and metabolism, and immune system function. Our results also suggest that these phenotypes continued to evolve during the last 700,000 years, but through positive selection on different sets of genes. Finally, we also identify additional genes that underwent comparatively recent positive selection, including multiple genes related to skeletal morphology and body size, as well as one gene that may have contributed to the small ear size in Late Quaternary woolly mammoths.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Díez-Del-Molino
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Marianne Dehasque
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Camilo Chacón-Duque
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrícia Pečnerová
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden; Section for Computational and RNA Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexei Tikhonov
- Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 190121 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Foteini Kanellidou
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Facility, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pavel Nikolskiy
- Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter Mortensen
- Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gleb K Danilov
- Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, Kunstkamera, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Vartanyan
- North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute N.A. Shilo, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (NEISRI FEB RAS), 685000 Magadan, Russia
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark; University Museum NTNU, 7012 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Peter D Heintzman
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, 11418 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tom van der Valk
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Love Dalén
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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Li J, Sun Y, Xue C, Yang X, Duan Y, Zhao D, Han J. Nogo-B deficiency suppresses white adipogenesis by regulating β-catenin signaling. Life Sci 2023; 321:121571. [PMID: 36931495 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Obesity is a global epidemic around the world. Reticulon-4B (Nogo-B) is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein. Our previous work demonstrated that Nogo-B deficiency inhibited obesity and decreased the size of white adipocytes. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of Nogo-B in white adipogenesis remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore the effect of Nogo-B in white adipogenesis, as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms. MAIN METHODS AND FINDINGS The study adopted mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to induce white adipogenesis and investigate the effect of Nogo-B on adipogenesis using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, lipid quantification, and Oil Red O staining. During white adipogenesis, Nogo-B expression was increased accompanied by upregulation of adipogenic markers. In contrast, Nogo-B deficiency inhibited white adipocyte markers expression and lipid accumulation. Furthermore, the mechanism study showed that Nogo-B deficiency decreased the destruction complex [AXIN1-APC-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)] levels through activating protein kinase B 2 (AKT2), resulting in β-catenin translocating into the nucleus and inhibiting the expression of adipogenic markers. Moreover, Nogo-B deficiency promoted the expression of brown/beige adipocytes markers while improving mitochondrial thermogenesis by activating β-catenin pathway. In addition, Nogo-B deficiency reduced the levels of inflammatory molecules during white adipogenic differentiation. SIGNIFICANCE This study revealed that Nogo-B deficiency inhibited white adipogenesis through AKT2/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Meanwhile, Nogo-B deficiency increased the expression of brown/beige adipocyte markers and promoted mitochondrial thermogenesis. In addition, Nogo-B deficiency reduced inflammatory cytokine levels caused by adipogenesis. Collectively, blocking Nogo-B expression may be a potential strategy to suppress white adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyao Sun
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Xue
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Jihong Han
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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18
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Raths F, Karimzadeh M, Ing N, Martinez A, Yang Y, Qu Y, Lee TY, Mulligan B, Devkota S, Tilley WT, Hickey TE, Wang B, Giuliano AE, Bose S, Goodarzi H, Ray EC, Cui X, Knott SR. The molecular consequences of androgen activity in the human breast. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100272. [PMID: 36950379 PMCID: PMC10025454 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen and progesterone have been extensively studied in the mammary gland, but the molecular effects of androgen remain largely unexplored. Transgender men are recorded as female at birth but identify as male and may undergo gender-affirming androgen therapy to align their physical characteristics and gender identity. Here we perform single-cell-resolution transcriptome, chromatin, and spatial profiling of breast tissues from transgender men following androgen therapy. We find canonical androgen receptor gene targets are upregulated in cells expressing the androgen receptor and that paracrine signaling likely drives sex-relevant androgenic effects in other cell types. We also observe involution of the epithelium and a spatial reconfiguration of immune, fibroblast, and vascular cells, and identify a gene regulatory network associated with androgen-induced fat loss. This work elucidates the molecular consequences of androgen activity in the human breast at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Raths
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mehran Karimzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Ing
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Martinez
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yoona Yang
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tian-Yu Lee
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brianna Mulligan
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wayne T. Tilley
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Theresa E. Hickey
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bo Wang
- Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Shikha Bose
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward C. Ray
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Transgender Surgery and Health Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Cui
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon R.V. Knott
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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19
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Masson SWC, Dissanayake WC, Broome SC, Hedges CP, Peeters WM, Gram M, Rowlands DS, Shepherd PR, Merry TL. A role for β-catenin in diet-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15536. [PMID: 36807886 PMCID: PMC9937784 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A central characteristic of insulin resistance is the impaired ability for insulin to stimulate glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. While insulin resistance can occur distal to the canonical insulin receptor-PI3k-Akt signaling pathway, the signaling intermediates involved in the dysfunction are yet to be fully elucidated. β-catenin is an emerging distal regulator of skeletal muscle and adipocyte insulin-stimulated GLUT4 trafficking. Here, we investigate its role in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Short-term (5-week) high-fat diet (HFD) decreased skeletal muscle β-catenin protein expression 27% (p = 0.03), and perturbed insulin-stimulated β-cateninS552 phosphorylation 21% (p = 0.009) without affecting insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation relative to chow-fed controls. Under chow conditions, mice with muscle-specific β-catenin deletion had impaired insulin responsiveness, whereas under HFD, both mice exhibited similar levels of insulin resistance (interaction effect of genotype × diet p < 0.05). Treatment of L6-GLUT4-myc myocytes with palmitate lower β-catenin protein expression by 75% (p = 0.02), and attenuated insulin-stimulated β-catenin phosphorylationS552 and actin remodeling (interaction effect of insulin × palmitate p < 0.05). Finally, β-cateninS552 phosphorylation was 45% lower in muscle biopsies from men with type 2 diabetes while total β-catenin expression was unchanged. These findings suggest that β-catenin dysfunction is associated with the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart W. C. Masson
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Waruni C. Dissanayake
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Sophie C. Broome
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Christopher P. Hedges
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Wouter M. Peeters
- School of Sport, Exercise and NutritionMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
- Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastleUK
| | - Martin Gram
- School of Sport, Exercise and NutritionMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
| | - David S. Rowlands
- School of Sport, Exercise and NutritionMassey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Peter R. Shepherd
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Troy L. Merry
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular BiodiscoveryThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
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20
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Shah P. Genomic Editing and Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:207-214. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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21
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Miao X, Liu L, Liu L, Hu G, Wu G, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Yang J, Li X. Regulation of mRNA and miRNA in the response to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection in chicken cecum. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:437. [PMID: 36514049 PMCID: PMC9749161 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella enterica, serovar Enteritidis (SE) is a food-borne pathogen, which can cause great threat to human health through consumption of the contaminated poultry products. Chicken is the main host of SE. The mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles were analyzed on cecum of Shouguang chicken via next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics approaches. The treated group was inoculated SE, and the control group was inoculated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS). RESULTS There were 1760 differentially expressed mRNAs in the SE-infected group, of which 1046 were up-regulated mRNA, and 714 were down-regulated mRNA. In addition, a total of 821 miRNAs were identified, and 174 miRNAs were differentially expressed, of which 100 were up-regulated and 74 were down-regulated. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed mRNAs was similar to miRNA target genes. The functional analysis results of differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were performed. Immune-related processes and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways were enriched by up-regulated mRNA. The down-regulated mRNAs were enriched in tissue development and metabolic-related KEGG pathways. The functional analysis of up-regulated miRNA target genes was similar to the down-regulated mRNAs. The down-regulated miRNA target genes were enriched in metabolic-related GO (Gene Ontology) -BP (Biological process) terms and KEGG pathways. The overlap of the up-regulated mRNA and the up-regulated miRNA target genes (class I) was 325, and the overlap of the down-regulated miRNA target genes (class II) was 169. The class I enriched in the immune-related GO-BP terms and KEGG pathways. The class II mainly enriched in metabolic-related GO-BP terms and KEGG pathways. Then we detected the expression of mRNA and miRNA through qRT-PCR. The results shown that the expression of HHIP, PGM1, HTR2B, ITGB5, RELN, SFRP1, TCF7L2, SCNN1A, NEK7, miR-20b-5p, miR-1662, miR-15a, miR-16-1-3p was significantly different between two groups. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the relationship between miR-20b-5p and SCNN1A. The result indicated that miR-20b-5p regulate immune or metabolic responses after SE infection in Shouguang chickens by directly targeting SCNN1A. CONCLUSIONS The findings here contribute to the further analysis of the mechanism of mRNA and miRNA defense against SE infection, and provide a theoretical foundation for the molecular disease-resistant breeding of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Lewen Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Liying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Geng Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Guixian Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yuanmei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jingchao Yang
- Shandong Animal Husbandry General Station, Jinan, 250010, China
| | - Xianyao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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22
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G M, Govindarajan S, Veeraraghavan V, Varadarajan S, Balasubramaniam A, R D. Used Toothbrush as a Potential Source of Gene Expression Among Subjects With Systemic Disease and Adverse Habits. Cureus 2022; 14:e31391. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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23
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Li P, Wang Y, Li P, Liu YL, Liu WJ, Chen XY, Tang TT, Qi KM, Zhang Y. Maternal inappropriate calcium intake aggravates dietary-induced obesity in male offspring by affecting the differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:756-776. [PMID: 36337156 PMCID: PMC9630989 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i10.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of inappropriate dietary calcium intake in early life on later obesity have not been fully elucidated.
AIM To raise the mechanism of maternal calcium intake on the multi-differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells among their male offspring.
METHODS Four-week-old female C57BL/6N mice were fed by deficient, low, normal and excessive calcium reproductive diets throughout pregnancy and lactation. Bone MSCs (BMSCs) were obtained from 7-day-old male offspring to measure the adipogenic differentiation potential by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The other weaning male pups were fed a high-fat diet for 16 wk, along with normal-fat diet as the control. Then the serum was collected for the measurement of biochemical indicators. Meanwhile, the adipose tissues were excised to analyze the adipocyte sizes and inflammatory infiltration. And the target gene expressions on the adipogenic differentiation and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the adipose tissues and BMSCs were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS Compared with the control group, maternal deficient, low and excessive calcium intake during pregnancy and lactation aggravated dietary-induced obesity, with larger adipocytes, more serious inflammatory infiltration and higher serum metabolism indicators by interfering with higher expressions of adipogenic differentiation (PPARγ, C/EBPα, Fabp4, LPL, Adiponectin, Resistin and/or Leptin) among their male offspring (P < 0.05). And there were significantly different expression of similar specific genes in the BMSCs to successfully polarize adipogenic differentiation and suppress osteogenic differentiation in vivo and in vitro, respectively (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, it was accompanied by more significant disorders on the expressions of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway both in BMSCs and adulthood adipose tissues among the offspring from maternal inappropriate dietary calcium intake groups.
CONCLUSION Early-life abnormal dietary calcium intake might program the adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs from male offspring, with significant expressions on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to aggravate high-fat-diet-induced obesity in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Liu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wei-Jiang Liu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Tian-Tian Tang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Ke-Min Qi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children's Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100085, China
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24
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Verma M, Loh NY, Sabaratnam R, Vasan SK, van Dam AD, Todorčević M, Neville MJ, Toledo E, Karpe F, Christodoulides C. TCF7L2 plays a complex role in human adipose progenitor biology, which might contribute to genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2022; 133:155240. [PMID: 35697299 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-coding genetic variation at TCF7L2 is the strongest genetic determinant of type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in humans. TCF7L2 encodes a transcription factor mediating the nuclear effects of WNT signaling in adipose tissue (AT). In vivo studies in transgenic mice have highlighted important roles for TCF7L2 in adipose tissue biology and systemic metabolism. OBJECTIVE To map the expression of TCF7L2 in human AT, examine its role in human adipose cell biology in vitro, and investigate the effects of the fine-mapped T2D-risk allele at rs7903146 on AT morphology and TCF7L2 expression. METHODS Ex vivo gene expression studies of TCF7L2 in whole and fractionated human AT. In vitro TCF7L2 gain- and/or loss-of-function studies in primary and immortalized human adipose progenitor cells (APCs) and mature adipocytes (mADs). AT phenotyping of rs7903146 T2D-risk variant carriers and matched controls. RESULTS Adipose progenitors (APs) exhibited the highest TCF7L2 mRNA abundance compared to mature adipocytes and adipose-derived endothelial cells. Obesity was associated with reduced TCF7L2 transcript levels in whole subcutaneous abdominal AT but paradoxically increased expression in APs. In functional studies, TCF7L2 knockdown (KD) in abdominal APs led to dose-dependent activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling, impaired proliferation and dose-dependent effects on adipogenesis. Whilst partial KD enhanced adipocyte differentiation, near-total KD impaired lipid accumulation and adipogenic gene expression. Over-expression of TCF7L2 accelerated adipogenesis. In contrast, TCF7L2-KD in gluteal APs dose-dependently enhanced lipid accumulation. Transcriptome-wide profiling revealed that TCF7L2 might modulate multiple aspects of AP biology including extracellular matrix secretion, immune signaling and apoptosis. The T2D-risk allele at rs7903146 was associated with reduced AP TCF7L2 expression and enhanced AT insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS TCF7L2 plays a complex role in AP biology and has both dose- and depot-dependent effects on adipogenesis. In addition to regulating pancreatic insulin secretion, genetic variation at TCF7L2 might also influence T2D risk by modulating AP function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Verma
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Nellie Y Loh
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Rugivan Sabaratnam
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Senthil K Vasan
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Andrea D van Dam
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Marijana Todorčević
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Matthew J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Enrique Toledo
- Department of Computational Biology, Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Constantinos Christodoulides
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK.
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25
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Samms RJ, Cheng CC, Fourcaudot M, Heikkinen S, Khattab A, Adams J, Cersosimo E, Triplitt C, Puckett C, Tsintzas K, Adams AC, Abdul-Ghani MA, DeFronzo RA, Norton L. FGF21 contributes to metabolic improvements elicited by combination therapy with exenatide and pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E123-E132. [PMID: 35723225 PMCID: PMC9291413 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00050.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is increased acutely by carbohydrate ingestion and is elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the physiological significance of increased FGF21 in humans remains largely unknown. We examined whether FGF21 contributed to the metabolic improvements observed following treatment of patients with T2D with either triple (metformin/pioglitazone/exenatide) or conventional (metformin/insulin/glipizide) therapy for 3 yr. Forty-six patients with T2D were randomized to receive either triple or conventional therapy to maintain HbA1c < 6.5%. A 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at baseline and following 3 years of treatment to assess glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and β-cell function. Plasma total and bioactive FGF21 levels were quantitated before and during the OGTT at both visits. Patients in both treatment arms experienced significant improvements in glucose control, but insulin sensitivity and β-cell function were markedly increased after triple therapy. At baseline, FGF21 levels were regulated acutely during the OGTT in both groups. After treatment, fasting total and bioactive FGF21 levels were significantly reduced in patients receiving triple therapy, but there was a relative increase in the proportion of bioactive FGF21 compared with that observed in conventionally treated subjects. Relative to baseline studies, triple therapy treatment also significantly modified FGF21 levels in response to a glucose load. These changes in circulating FGF21 were correlated with markers of improved glucose control and insulin sensitivity. Alterations in the plasma FGF21 profile may contribute to the beneficial metabolic effects of pioglitazone and exenatide in human patients with T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In patients with T2D treated with a combination of metformin/pioglitazone/exenatide (triple therapy), we observed reduced total and bioactive plasma FGF21 levels and a relative increase in the proportion of circulating bioactive FGF21 compared with that in patients treated with metformin and sequential addition of glipizide and basal insulin glargine (conventional therapy). These data suggest that FGF21 may contribute, at least in part, to the glycemic benefits observed following combination therapy in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcel Fourcaudot
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ahmed Khattab
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - John Adams
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Eugenio Cersosimo
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Curtis Triplitt
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Curtis Puckett
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Kostas Tsintzas
- School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Luke Norton
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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26
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Implication of Melanocortin Receptor Genes in the Familial Comorbidity of Type 2 Diabetes and Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158350. [PMID: 35955479 PMCID: PMC9369258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors, which are essential components of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, and they mediate the actions of melanocortins (melanocyte-stimulating hormones: α-MSH, β-MSH, and γ-MSH) as well as the adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) in skin pigmentation, adrenal steroidogenesis, and stress response. Three melanocortin receptor genes (MC1R, MC2R, and MC5R) contribute to the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD), and one melanocortin receptor gene (MC4R) contributes to the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). MDD increases T2D risk in drug-naïve patients; thus, MDD and T2D commonly coexist. The five melanocortin receptor genes might confer risk for both disorders. However, they have never been investigated jointly to evaluate their potential contributing roles in the MDD-T2D comorbidity, specifically within families. In 212 Italian families with T2D and MDD, we tested 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MC1R gene, 9 SNPs in MC2R, 3 SNPs in MC3R, 4 SNPs in MC4R, and 2 SNPs in MC5R. The testing used 2-point parametric linkage and linkage disequilibrium (LD) (i.e., association) analysis with four models (dominant with complete penetrance (D1), dominant with incomplete penetrance (D2), recessive with complete penetrance (R1), and recessive with incomplete penetrance (R2)). We detected significant (p ≤ 0.05) linkage and/or LD (i.e., association) to/with MDD for one SNP in MC2R (rs111734014) and one SNP in MC5R (rs2236700), and to/with T2D for three SNPs in MC1R (rs1805007 and rs201192930, and rs2228479), one SNP in MC2R (rs104894660), two SNPs in MC3R (rs3746619 and rs3827103), and one SNP in MC4R genes (Chr18-60372302). The linkage/LD/association was significant across different linkage patterns and different modes of inheritance. All reported variants are novel in MDD and T2D. This is the first study to report risk variants in MC1R, MC2R, and MC3R genes in T2D. MC2R and MC5R genes are replicated in MDD, with one novel variant each. Within our dataset, only the MC2R gene appears to confer risk for both MDD and T2D, albeit with different risk variants. To further clarity the role of the melanocortin receptor genes in MDD-T2D, these findings should be sought among other ethnicities as well.
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Yang Y, Shen M, Li L, Long Y, Wang L, Lang B, Wu R. Olanzapine Promotes the Occurrence of Metabolic Disorders in Conditional TCF7L2-Knockout Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:890472. [PMID: 35874808 PMCID: PMC9298277 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.890472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Schizophrenia (SCZ) patients display higher incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and comorbidity of type II diabetes. Both atypical antipsychotics and genetic variants are believed to predispose the patients with the risk, but their interplay remains largely unknown. TCF7L2 is one of the most common genes strongly associated with glucose homeostasis which also participates in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to explore the regulatory roles of TCF7L2 in atypical antipsychotics-induced MetS. Methods: Mice with pancreatic β-cell–specific Tcf7l2 deletion (CKO) were generated. The CKO mice and control littermates were subjected to olanzapine (4 mg/kg/day) or saline gavage for 6 weeks. Metabolic indices, β cell mass, and the expressing levels of TCF7L2 and GLP-1R in the pancreatic tissue were closely monitored. Results: Tcf7l2 CKO mice displayed a spectrum of core features of MetS, which included remarkably increased rate of weight gain, higher fasting insulin, higher values of blood lipids (cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein), impaired glucose tolerance, and hypertrophy of adipocytes. Notably, these effects could be further exacerbated by olanzapine. In addition, Tcf7l2 CKO mice with the olanzapine group showed significantly decreased expressions of GLP-1R protein and a trend of reduced pancreatic β-cell mass. RT-qPCR revealed that the CKO mice presented a significantly less transcription of Sp5, an important element of the Wnt signaling pathway. Conclusion: Our study illustrates that mice with pancreatic β-cell–targeted Tcf7l2 deletion were more vulnerable to suffer metabolic abnormalities after olanzapine administration. This impairment may be mediated by the reduced expression of GLP-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Manjun Shen
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujun Long
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bing Lang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Lang, ; Renrong Wu,
| | - Renrong Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Lang, ; Renrong Wu,
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Gu J, Shao W, Liu D, Feng JN, Pang J, Jin T. Liraglutide stimulates the β-catenin signaling cascade in mouse epididymal fat tissue. J Mol Endocrinol 2022; 69:343-356. [PMID: 35552259 DOI: 10.1530/jme-22-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although canonical Wnt signaling pathway activation was shown to negatively regulate adipogenesis, recent investigations suggest that Wnt pathway effectors TCF7L2 and β-catenin (β-cat) in adipose tissues are also involved in energy homeostasis during adulthood. In assessing the metabolic beneficial effect of GLP-1-based diabetes drugs in high-fat diet (HFD)-challenged mice, we observed that liraglutide treatment affected the expression of a battery of adipose tissue-specific genes, including those that encode adiponectin and leptin, mainly in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). Fourteen-week HFD challenge repressed TCF7L2 and β-cat S675 phosphorylation in eWAT, while such repression was reversed by liraglutide treatment (150 µg/kg body weight daily) during weeks 10-14. In Glp1r-/-mice, liraglutide failed in stimulating TCF7L2 or β-cat in eWAT. We detected Glp1r expression in mouse eWAT and its level is enriched in its stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Mouse eWAT-SVF showed reduced expression of Tcf7l2 and its Tcf7l2 level could not be stimulated by liraglutide treatment; while following adipogenic differentiation, rat eWAT-SVF showed elevated Tcf7l2 expression. Direct in vitro liraglutide treatment in eWAT-SVF stimulated CREB S133, β-cat S675 phosphorylation, and cellular cAMP level. Thus, cAMP/β-cat signaling cascade can be stimulated by liraglutide in eWAT via GLP-1R expressed in eWAT-SVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiu Gu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and the Institute of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Weijuan Shao
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dinghui Liu
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Nuo Feng
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Juan Pang
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianru Jin
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Wu K, Zhou K, Zhao M, Xiang L, Mei T, Xu W, Shang B, Liu X, Lai Y, Lin M, Luo J, Zhao L. TCF7L2 promotes ER stress signaling in diabetic retinopathy. Exp Eye Res 2022; 221:109142. [PMID: 35691375 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common blindness in working-age adults. Transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) is a susceptibility gene of DR, however, its roles in the pathogenesis of DR are still largely unknown. In this study, we found that TCF7L2 was mainly located in the cell nucleus of retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner nuclear layer (INL), while it was not expressed in the cell nucleus of retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL). Expression of TCF7L2 was significantly elevated in the retinas of db/db diabetic mice and oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice. Also, in Ad-hTCF7L2 treated hiPSCs-derived retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6)-related endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling was remarkably activated. Moreover, knockdown of TCF7L2 significantly inhibited ATF6-related ER stress signaling. Furthermore, the data of endothelial permeability assay showed that RPCs pretreated with Ad-hTCF7L2 lead to enhanced monolayer permeability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and knockdown of TCF7L2 or ATF6 in RPCs could alleviate the monolayer permeability of HUVECs. Thus, our results showed that TCF7L2 could trigger ATF6-related ER stress signaling and promote vein endothelial cell permeability, which will provide important insight into the role of TCF7L2 in the pathogenesis of DR and contribute to designing potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kesi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minglei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingfang Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenchang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bizhi Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingkai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.
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Feng Z, Mabrouk I, Msuthwana P, Zhou Y, Song Y, Gong H, Li S, Min C, Ju A, Duan A, Niu J, Fu J, Yan X, Xu X, Li C, Sun Y. In ovo injection of CHIR-99021 promotes feather follicles development via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during chick embryonic period. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101825. [PMID: 35381530 PMCID: PMC8980496 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wingless-types/beta-catenin (Wnt/β-catenin) signaling pathway plays an important role in embryonic development and affects the physiological development processes of feather follicles. To investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in regulating feather follicles morphogenesis, in ovo injection of CHIR-99021, an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, was conducted in chick embryo model. Initially, a total of 40 embryos were used to assess feather follicles morphogenesis and the expression of β-catenin (E9–E17). The histological results showed that feather follicle morphogenesis was mainly completed from E9 to E17. β-catenin was involved in the processing of the appearance of dermal cell condensation (E9) and the completion of the feather follicles morphogenesis (E17). Next, a total of 160 fertilized eggs were randomly divided into 8 groups for in ovo injection at E9, including a Normal Saline injected group (CON) and the 500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 50,000, and 100,000 ng CHIR-99021 groups. Dorsal skin tissue samples were collected at E17 for investigating feather follicles morphology and expressions of β-catenin and lymphoid enhancerbinding factor-1 (LEF1) at gene and protein levels. The results showed that feather follicle diameter in the injected groups were significantly (P < 0.05) increased with limit dose-independence compared to the CON group. CHIR-99021 significantly (P < 0.05) influenced the mRNA expressions of catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) and downstream target LEF1. In ovo injection of CHIR-99021 caused that β-catenin and LEF1 were significantly (P < 0.05) increased followed the increased doses as determined by western blotting. The immunochemical results showed that β-catenin was detected in the dermal papilla of feather follicles. Given these results, this study suggests to developmental biology that in ovo injection of CHIR-99021 promoted feather follicles morphogenesis and development via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and upregulating downstream target LEF1 during embryonic period in chick embryo model. Moreover, CHIR-99021 may be a strong candidate to promote the animal feather/hair industry, especially as a reference for bird feather production.
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Kim S, Seo JD, Yun YM, Kim H, Kim TE, Lee T, Lee TR, Lee JH, Cho EH, Ki CS. Pharmacokinetics and Genetic Factors of Atorvastatin in Healthy Korean Subjects. Front Genet 2022; 13:836970. [PMID: 35664336 PMCID: PMC9160745 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.836970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Statins are the most popular agents for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease; however, the pharmacokinetic parameters and associated genetic factors in the Korean population have not been fully elucidated. This study explored the pharmacokinetic properties of atorvastatin and the association between genetic variations and atorvastatin pharmacokinetics in healthy Korean subjects. Methods: Atorvastatin (80 mg) was administered to 35 healthy Korean volunteers. Plasma levels of atorvastatin and its metabolites were measured sequentially using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry from 0 to 24 h after atorvastatin administration. Customized next-generation sequencing analysis was performed covering all coding exons of 15 genes, as well as 46 single-nucleotide variants in 29 genes related to statin pharmacokinetics. Results: The mean area under the concentration-time (AUC) and Cmax (maximum peak concentration) were 269.0 ng/ml∙h and 84.3 ng/ml, respectively, which were approximately two times higher than those reported in Caucasians. Genetic analysis revealed that eight genetic variants in ABCB1, ABCG2, APOA5, CETP, and CYP7A1 contributed to the AUC of atorvastatin. The atorvastatin AUC0–24 h prediction model was developed based on age and eight genetic variants using multivariate linear regression (adjusted R2 = 0.878, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: This study shows that the pharmacokinetic properties of atorvastatin in Koreans are different from those in Caucasians and that atorvastatin AUC0–24 h could be predicted based on age and eight genetic variants of ABCB1, ABCG2, APOA5, CETP, and CYP7A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serim Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinwon Medical Foundation, Gwangmyeong-si, South Korea
| | - Jong Do Seo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeo-Min Yun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Yeo-Min Yun,
| | - Hanah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Jun Hyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, GC Labs, Yongin-si, South Korea
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Yang C, Wang Z, Song Q, Dong B, Bi Y, Bai H, Jiang Y, Chang G, Chen G. Transcriptome Sequencing to Identify Important Genes and lncRNAs Regulating Abdominal Fat Deposition in Ducks. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101256. [PMID: 35625102 PMCID: PMC9138122 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Abdominal fat deposition affects the quality of duck meat and the feed conversion ratio. Here, we performed transcriptome sequencing of the abdominal adipose tissue of ducks with high and low abdominal fat rate by RNA sequencing, exploring the key regulatory genes and lncRNAs related to abdominal fat deposition. As a result, several candidate genes, lncRNAs, and pathways related to abdominal fat deposition in ducks were retrieved. This study lays the foundations for exploring molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of abdominal fat deposition in ducks, providing a theoretical reference for breeding high-quality meat-producing ducks. Abstract Abdominal fat deposition is an important trait in meat-producing ducks. F2 generations of 304 Cherry Valley and Runzhou Crested White ducks were studied to identify genes and lncRNAs affecting abdominal fat deposition. RNA sequencing was used to study abdominal fat tissue of four ducks each with high or low abdominal fat rates. In all, 336 upregulated and 297 downregulated mRNAs, and 95 upregulated and 119 downregulated lncRNAs were identified. Target gene prediction of differentially expressed lncRNAs identified 602 genes that were further subjected to Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis. The target genes were enriched in pathways associated with fat synthesis and metabolism and participated in biological processes, including Linoleic acid metabolism, lipid storage, and fat cell differentiation, indicating that these lncRNAs play an important role in abdominal fat deposition. PPAPA, FOXO3, FASN, PNPLA2, FKBP5, TCF7L2, BMP2, FGF2, LIFR, ZBTB16, SIRT, GYG2, NCOR1, and NR3C1 were involved in the regulation of abdominal fat deposition. PNPLA2, TCF7L2, FGF2, LIFR, BMP2, FKBP5, GYG2, and ZBTB16 were regulated by the lncRNAs TCONS_00038080, TCONS_0033547, TCONS_00066773, XR_001190174.3, XR_003492471.1, XR_003493494.1, XR_001192142.3, XR_002405656.2, XR_002401822.2, XR_003497063.1, and so on. This study lays foundations for exploring molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of abdominal fat deposition in ducks and provides a theoretical basis for breeding high-quality meat-producing ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhixiu Wang
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (G.C.); Tel.: +86-514-87997206 (Z.W. & G.C.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guohong Chen
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (G.C.); Tel.: +86-514-87997206 (Z.W. & G.C.)
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Franco CN, Noe MM, Albrecht LV. Metabolism and Endocrine Disorders: What Wnt Wrong? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:887037. [PMID: 35600583 PMCID: PMC9120667 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.887037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental question in cell biology underlies how nutrients are regenerated to maintain and renew tissues. Physiologically, the canonical Wnt signaling is a vital pathway for cell growth, tissue remodeling, and organ formation; pathologically, Wnt signaling contributes to the development of myriad human diseases such as cancer. Despite being the focus of intense research, how Wnt intersects with the metabolic networks to promote tissue growth and remodeling has remained mysterious. Our understanding of metabolism has been revolutionized by technological advances in the fields of chemical biology, metabolomics, and live microscopy that have now made it possible to visualize and manipulate metabolism in living cells and tissues. The application of these toolsets to innovative model systems have propelled the Wnt field into new realms at the forefront answering the most pressing paradigms of cell metabolism in health and disease states. Elucidating the basis of Wnt signaling and metabolism in a cell-type and tissue-specific manner will provide a powerful base of knowledge for both basic biomedical fields and clinician scientists, and has the promise to generate new, transformative therapies in disease and even processes of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina N. Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - May M. Noe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Lauren V. Albrecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Liu Z, Chen T, Zhang S, Yang T, Gong Y, Deng HW, Bai D, Tian W, Chen Y. Discovery and functional assessment of a novel adipocyte population driven by intracellular Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mammals. eLife 2022; 11:77740. [PMID: 35503096 PMCID: PMC9064292 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been well established as a potent inhibitor of adipogenesis. Here, we identified a population of adipocytes that exhibit persistent activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as revealed by the Tcf/Lef-GFP reporter allele, in embryonic and adult mouse fat depots, named as Wnt+ adipocytes. We showed that this β-catenin-mediated signaling activation in these cells is Wnt ligand- and receptor-independent but relies on AKT/mTOR pathway and is essential for cell survival. Such adipocytes are distinct from classical ones in transcriptomic and genomic signatures and can be induced from various sources of mesenchymal stromal cells including human cells. Genetic lineage-tracing and targeted cell ablation studies revealed that these adipocytes convert into beige adipocytes directly and are also required for beige fat recruitment under thermal challenge, demonstrating both cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous roles in adaptive thermogenesis. Furthermore, mice bearing targeted ablation of these adipocytes exhibited glucose intolerance, while mice receiving exogenously supplied such cells manifested enhanced glucose utilization. Our studies uncover a unique adipocyte population in regulating beiging in adipose tissues and systemic glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sicheng Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianfang Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States
| | - Yun Gong
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomic, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomic, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States
| | - Ding Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - YiPing Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States
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Transcriptome reveals key microRNAs involved in fat deposition between different tail sheep breeds. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264804. [PMID: 35231067 PMCID: PMC8887763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a kind of noncoding RNA whose function involved in various biological processes in neuronal maturation and adipocyte cells, such as differentiation, proliferation, development, apoptosis, and metabolism. Herein, miRNA-Seq was used to identify miRNAs in the tail fat tissue of Hu sheep (short-fat-tailed) and Tibetan sheep (short-thin-tailed). In this study, 155 differentially expression miRNAs (DE miRNAs) were identified, including 78 up-regulated and 77 down-regulated. Among these DE miRNAs, 17 miRNAs were reported and related with lipid metabolism. MiRanda and RNAhybrid software were used to predict the target genes of DE miRNAs, obtaining the number of targeting relationships is 38553. Target genes were enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). 742 terms and 302 single pathways are enriched, including lipid metabolic process, response to lipid, cellular lipid catabolic process, lipid catabolic process, cellular lipid metabolic process, inositol lipid-mediated signaling, calcium channel activity, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, AMPK signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway and TGF-beta signaling pathway. Notably, miR-379-5p was associated with tail fat deposition of sheep. Dual-Luciferase reporter assays showed miR-379-5p and HOXC9 had targeted relationship. The result of RT-qPCR showed that the expression trend of miR-379-5p and HOXC9 was opposite. miR-379-5p was down-regulated and highly expressed in tail adipose tissue of Tibetan sheep. HOXC9 was highly expressed in adipose tissue of Hu sheep. These results could provide a meaningful theoretical basis for studying the molecular mechanisms of sheep tail adipogenesis.
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Tang W, Qi J, Wang Q, Qu Y, Fu S, Luan J. Investigating the Adipogenic Effects of Different Tissue-Derived Decellularized Matrices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:872897. [PMID: 35497363 PMCID: PMC9046558 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.872897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Decellularized adipose-derived matrix (DAM) can promote adipogenic differentiation and adipose tissue remodeling, but the biological impact of tissue origin on DAM remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of tissue origins on the adipogenic capacity of the decellularized matrix by comparing the cellular and tissue responses of DAM versus acellular dermal matrix (ADM). Methods: The in vitro response of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ADSCs) to DAM and ADM was characterized by proliferation and differentiation. The in vivo remodeling response was evaluated in the subcutaneous injection model of immunocompromised mice, using histology, protein expression, and transcriptome analysis. Results: Both DAM and ADM exhibited excellent decellularization effects and cytocompatibility. In the absence of exogenous stimuli, DAM could induce adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs compared with ADM. In the animal model, the levels of PDGF, VEGF, and ACRP30 were higher in the DAM groups than in the ADM group, and more neovascularization and extensive adipose tissue remodeling were observed. The mRNA-seq analysis indicated that the DAM implant regulated tissue remodeling by modulating Lat1/2 expression along with Hippo Signaling pathway in the early stage. Conclusion: Tissue origin can influence the biological response of the decellularized matrix. DAM can retain favorable tissue-specific characteristics after the decellularization process and have unique adipogenic effects in vitro and vivo, which can be fully utilized for soft tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Su Fu
- *Correspondence: Su Fu, ; Jie Luan,
| | - Jie Luan
- *Correspondence: Su Fu, ; Jie Luan,
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Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Wang L, He J, Ma H, Wang L. Preliminary identification and analysis of differential RNA editing between higher and lower backfat thickness pigs using DNA-seq and RNA-seq data. Anim Genet 2022; 53:327-339. [PMID: 35342974 DOI: 10.1111/age.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RNA editing is an essential post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism. However, few studies have investigated the functional RNA edits in the economic traits of livestock on a genome-wide scale. Pigs are one of the most important livestock species and their fat is the principal organ involved in the regulation of adipose deposition. Here, we used three full-sibling pairs, with each pair comprising a pig with higher backfat (BF) thickness and lower backfat thickness, to identify RNA editing events based on whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing data. A total of 60,903 non-redundant RNA editing sites with 59,472 (97.7%) A-to-G edits were detected using a revised bioinformatics pipeline. A specific sequence context with G preference was found one base downstream of the edited site, and the editing level was associated with the distribution of nucleotides across nearly sites. Moreover, the A-to-G editing sites mostly occurred in the pig-special short interspersed nuclear elements, Pre0_SS. Comparing the difference between pigs with higher BF and lower BF, we found 211 differentially edited sites (DESites). Functional enrichment analyses revealed a significant enrichment of genes containing DESites in terms of adipose deposition. The DESites located in the six adipose-related genes (SKP1, GSK3B, COL5A3, MDM4, NT5C2, and DENND2A) were selected as candidate RNA editing sites associated with adipose deposition, and thus require further evaluation. This study mined the potentially functional RNA editing sites in pig adipose tissue and indicated that RNA editing may play an important role in adipose deposition, which provides a new insight into the post-transcriptionally mediated regulation mechanism of fat development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longchao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ligang Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiming Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Genomics and Epigenomics of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Understanding the Molecular Pathways of the Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073514. [PMID: 35408874 PMCID: PMC8998752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most common complications during pregnancy is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hyperglycemia that occurs for the first time during pregnancy. The condition is multifactorial, caused by an interaction between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for its pathogenesis remain elusive. Moreover, in contrast to several common metabolic disorders, molecular research in GDM is lagging. It is important to recognize that GDM is still commonly diagnosed during the second trimester of pregnancy using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT), at a time when both a fetal and maternal pathophysiology is already present, demonstrating the increased blood glucose levels associated with exacerbated insulin resistance. Therefore, early detection of metabolic changes and associated epigenetic and genetic factors that can lead to an improved prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes and future cardio-metabolic pathologies in GDM women and their children is imperative. Several genomic and epigenetic approaches have been used to identify the genes, genetic variants, metabolic pathways, and epigenetic modifications involved in GDM to determine its etiology. In this article, we explore these factors as well as how their functional effects may contribute to immediate and future pathologies in women with GDM and their offspring from birth to adulthood. We also discuss how these approaches contribute to the changes in different molecular pathways that contribute to the GDM pathogenesis, with a special focus on the development of insulin resistance.
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Hierarchical regulation of autophagy during adipocyte differentiation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0250865. [PMID: 35081114 PMCID: PMC8791469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that some adipogenic transcription factors such as CEBPB and PPARG directly and indirectly regulate autophagy gene expression in adipogenesis. The order and effect of these events are undetermined. In this study, we modeled the gene expression, DNA-binding of transcriptional regulators, and histone modifications during adipocyte differentiation and evaluated the effect of the regulators on gene expression in terms of direction and magnitude. Then, we identified the overlap of the transcription factors and co-factors binding sites and targets. Finally, we built a chromatin state model based on the histone marks and studied their relation to the factors’ binding. Adipogenic factors differentially regulated autophagy genes as part of the differentiation program. Co-regulators associated with specific transcription factors and preceded them to the regulatory regions. Transcription factors differed in the binding time and location, and their effect on expression was either localized or long-lasting. Adipogenic factors disproportionately targeted genes coding for autophagy-specific transcription factors. In sum, a hierarchical arrangement between adipogenic transcription factors and co-factors drives the regulation of autophagy during adipocyte differentiation.
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40
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Wang H, Zhang R, Wu X, Chen Y, Ji W, Wang J, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Tang Y, Yuan J. The Wnt Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:701547. [PMID: 35059392 PMCID: PMC8763969 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.701547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious kidney-related complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM, T2DM) and the second major cause of end-stage kidney disease. DN can lead to hypertension, edema, and proteinuria. In some cases, DN can even progress to kidney failure, a life-threatening condition. The precise etiology and pathogenesis of DN remain unknown, although multiple factors are believed to be involved. The main pathological manifestations of DN include mesangial expansion, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, and podocyte injury. Eventually, these pathological manifestations will lead to glomerulosclerosis, thus affecting renal function. There is an urgent need to develop new strategies for the prevention and treatment of DN. Existing evidence shows that the Wnt signaling cascade plays a key role in regulating the development of DN. Previous studies focused on the role of the Wnt canonical signaling pathway in DN. Subsequently, accumulated evidence on the mechanism of the Wnt non-canonical signaling indicated that Wnt/Ca2+ and Wnt/PCP also have essential roles in the progression of DN. In this review, we summarize the specific mechanisms of Wnt signaling in the occurrence and development of DN in podocyte injury, mesangial cell injury, and renal fibrosis. Also, to elucidate the significance of the Wnt canonical pathway in the process of DN, we uncovered evidence supporting that both Wnt/PCP and Wnt/Ca2+ signaling are critical for DN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Wang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xinjie Wu
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jingsuo Wang
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yiqun Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Madhu SV, Mishra BK, Mannar V, Aslam M, Banerjee B, Agrawal V. TCF7L2 gene associated postprandial triglyceride dysmetabolism- a novel mechanism for diabetes risk among Asian Indians. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:973718. [PMID: 36263318 PMCID: PMC9573951 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.973718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM TCF7L2 gene is believed to increase the risk of T2DM by its effects on insulin secretion. However, the exact mechanism of this enhanced risk is not clearly known. While TCF7L2 gene has been shown to affect lipid metabolism, these effects have remained largely unexplored in the context of diabetes risk. METHODS Postprandial lipid responses to a standardized fat challenge test were performed in 620 Asian Indian subjects (310 with NGT and 310 with T2DM/prediabetes) and compared between the risk and wild genotypes of the rs7903146 TCF7L2 gene. In 30 subjects scheduled to undergo abdominal surgery (10 each with NGT, Prediabetes and T2DM), adipocyte TCF7L2 gene expression was also performed by real time qPCR and confirmed by protein expression in western blot. RESULTS T allele of rs7903146 TCF7L2 gene was confirmed as the risk allele for T2DM (OR=1.8(1.2-2.74), p=0.005). TT+CT genotypes of rs7903146 TCF7L2 gene showed significantly higher 4hrTg (p<0.01), TgAUC (p<0.01), peakTg (p<0.01) as well as higher postprandial plasma glucose (p=.006) levels and HOMA-IR (p=0.03) and significantly lower adiponectin levels (p=0.02) as compared to CC genotype. The expression of TCF7L2 gene in VAT was 11-fold higher in prediabetes group as compared to NGT (P<0.01) and 5.7-fold higher in T2DM group as compared to NGT group(P=0.003) and was significantly associated with PPTg and glucose levels. CONCLUSION There is significant PPTg dysmetabolism associated with the risk allele of rs7903146 polymorphism as well as adipocyte expression of TCF7L2 gene. Significant upregulation of TCF7L2 gene expression in VAT that correlates with PPTg and glycaemia is also seen in Asian Indians with glucose intolerance. Modulation of PPTg metabolism by TCF7L2 gene and the resultant PPHTg may be a novel mechanism that contributes to its diabetes risk in them.
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42
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Li J, Gong L, Xu Q. Purinergic 2X7 receptor is involved in adipogenesis and lipid degradation. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:81. [PMID: 34934450 PMCID: PMC8652400 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and dyslipidemia are two metabolic syndrome disorders that have serious effects on the health of patients. Purinergic 2X receptor ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2X7R) has been reported to play a role in regulating lipid storage and metabolism. However, the role and potential mechanism of P2X7R in adipogenesis and lipid degradation remain unknown. In the present study, a mouse model of obesity was established by feeding mice a high-fat diet, and the 3T3-L1 cell line was used to analyze the function of P2X7R in vitro. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were performed to detect the expression levels of P2X7R, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and other associated transcription factors. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the potential target gene of P2X7R and a dual luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm this prediction. Oil Red O staining was used to evaluate the adipogenic capacity of preadipocytes. AdipoRed assay, cholesterol assay and a free glycerol reagent were used to measure the expression levels of triglyceride (TGs), total cholesterol (TC) and glycerin, respectively. The results indicated that P2X7R was highly expressed in obese mice and that it was involved in adipogenic differentiation in vitro. SREBP1 enhanced the transcription activities of P2X7R to promote its expression. Inhibition of P2X7R significantly reduced the adipogenic capacity of preadipocytes, decreased the expression levels of adipogenesis-associated transcription factors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α and fatty-acid-binding protein 4), enhanced the expression levels of lipolytic enzymes (adipose triglyceride lipase, phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase and monoacylglycerol lipase) and regulated the expression of TG, TC and glycerin in mature 3T3-L1 cells. These effects were reversed by a small interfering RNA targeting Wnt3a. Therefore, the results suggested that P2X7R, the transcription activities of which were regulated by SREBP1, regulated adipogenesis and lipid degradation by targeting SREBP1, indicating its potential effects on obesity-associated metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Pediatric Department, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Linxia Gong
- Pediatric Department, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, P.R. China
| | - Qiaolan Xu
- Pediatric Department, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
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43
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Association between Transcription Factor 7-like-2 Polymorphisms and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Ghanaian Population. SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sci3040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been strongly associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TCF7L2 gene. This study investigated the association between rs12255372, rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 gene and T2DM in a Ghanaian population. A case-control study design was used for this study. A total of 106 T2DM patients and 110 control participants were selected. Basic data collected included body mass index, blood pressure and socio-demographics. Fasting blood samples were collected and processed for: serum lipid analysis, plasma glucose estimation and plasma HbA1c estimation. Parts of the whole blood samples were used for DNA extraction using a modified salting-out method. Common and allele-specific primers were designed for genotyping using the Modified Tetra-Primer Amplification assay. Associations were evaluated using logistic regression models. The rs7903146 risk variant was significantly associated with 2.16 vs. 4.06 increased odds for T2DM in patients <60 years vs. ≥60 years. Both rs7903146 and rs12255372 were significantly associated with increased odds of T2DM in women, overweight/obese, T2DM negative family history (T2DM-NFH) and low-HDL-C. In a multivariate model, rs7903146 but not rs12255372 was significantly associated with 2.18, 5.01 and 2.25 increased odds of T2DM, under the codominant, recessive and additive model, respectively (p < 0.05). The association between rs7903146 and rs12255372 with T2DM is more highly associated in a subgroup—women and those with T2DM-NFH, yet who have cardiometabolic risk.
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44
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Ahmed M, Lai TH, Kim DR. A Small Fraction of Progenitors Differentiate Into Mature Adipocytes by Escaping the Constraints on the Cell Structure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:753042. [PMID: 34708046 PMCID: PMC8542793 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.753042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiating 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes are a mixture of non-identical culture cells. It is vital to identify the cell types that respond to the induction stimulus to understand the pre-adipocyte potential and the mature adipocyte behavior. To test this hypothesis, we deconvoluted the gene expression profiles of the cell culture of MDI-induced 3T3-L1 cells. Then we estimated the fractions of the sub-populations and their changes in time. We characterized the sub-populations based on their specific expression profiles. Initial cell cultures comprised three distinct phenotypes. A small fraction of the starting cells responded to the induction and developed into mature adipocytes. Unresponsive cells were probably under structural constraints or were committed to differentiating into alternative phenotypes. Using the same population gene markers, similar proportions were found in induced human primary adipocyte cell cultures. The three sub-populations had diverse responses to treatment with various drugs and compounds. Only the response of the maturating sub-population resembled that estimated from the profiles of the mixture. We then showed that even at a low division rate, a small fraction of cells could increase its share in a dynamic two-populations model. Finally, we used a cell cycle expression index to validate that model. To sum, pre-adipocytes are a mixture of different cells of which a limited fraction become mature adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Trang Huyen Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
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45
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Zheng H, Zhu H, Liu X, Huang X, Huang A, Huang Y. Mitophagy in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Roles and Mechanisms. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:750382. [PMID: 34646830 PMCID: PMC8503602 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.750382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of mortality in diabetic patients. Multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms, including myocardial insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation, are involved in the development of DCM. Recent studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction makes a substantial contribution to the development of DCM. Mitophagy is a type of autophagy that takes place in dysfunctional mitochondria, and it plays a key role in mitochondrial quality control. Although the precise molecular mechanisms of mitophagy in DCM have yet to be fully clarified, recent findings imply that mitophagy improves cardiac function in the diabetic heart. However, excessive mitophagy may exacerbate myocardial damage in patients with DCM. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of mitochondrial quality control and the dual roles of mitophagy in DCM. We also propose that a balance between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy is essential for the maintenance of cellular metabolism in the diabetic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Hailan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Anqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangzhou, China.,The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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46
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Li J, Zhou L, Ouyang X, He P. Transcription Factor-7-Like-2 (TCF7L2) in Atherosclerosis: A Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:701279. [PMID: 34568447 PMCID: PMC8459927 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.701279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor-7-like-2 (TCF7L2), a vital member of the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) family, plays an important role in normal human physiological and pathological processes. TCF7L2 exhibits multiple anti-atherosclerotic effects through the activation of specific molecular mechanisms, including regulation of metabolic homeostasis, macrophage polarization, and neointimal hyperplasia. A single-nucleotide substitution of TCF7L2, rs7903146, is a genetic high-risk factor for type 2 diabetes and indicates susceptibility to cardiovascular disease as a link between metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize the anti-atherosclerosis effect and novel mechanisms underlying the function of TCF7L2 to elucidate its potential as an anti-atherosclerosis biomarker and provide a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Southwest University Public Health Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinping Ouyang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Department of Physiology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, The Neuroscience Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Pingping He
- School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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47
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Abou Azar F, Lim GE. Metabolic Contributions of Wnt Signaling: More Than Controlling Flight. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:709823. [PMID: 34568323 PMCID: PMC8458764 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.709823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is ubiquitous throughout the body and influences a diverse array of physiological processes. Following the initial discovery of the Wnt signaling pathway during wing development in Drosophila melanogaster, it is now widely appreciated that active Wnt signaling in mammals is necessary for the development and growth of various tissues involved in whole-body metabolism, such as brain, liver, pancreas, muscle, and adipose. Moreover, elegant gain- and loss-of-function studies have dissected the tissue-specific roles of various downstream effector molecules in the regulation of energy homeostasis. This review attempts to highlight and summarize the contributions of the Wnt signaling pathway and its downstream effectors on whole-body metabolism and their influence on the development of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. A better understanding of the Wnt signaling pathway in these tissues may aid in guiding the development of future therapeutics to treat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Abou Azar
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gareth E Lim
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
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48
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Salmon AB, Nelson JF, Gelfond JAL, Javors M, Ginsburg B, Lopez-Cruzan M, Galvan V, Fernandez E, Musi N, Ikeno Y, Hubbard G, Lechleiter J, Hornsby PJ, Strong R. San Antonio Nathan Shock Center: your one-stop shop for aging research. GeroScience 2021; 43:2105-2118. [PMID: 34240333 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With evolving cores, enrichment and training programs, and supported research projects, the San Antonio (SA) Nathan Shock Center has for 26 years provided critical support to investigators locally, nationally, and abroad. With its existing and growing intellectual capital, the SA Nathan Shock Center provides to local and external investigators an enhanced platform to conduct horizontally integrated (lifespan, healthspan, pathology, pharmacology) transformative research in the biology of aging, and serves as a springboard for advanced educational and training activities in aging research. The SA Nathan Shock Center consists of six cores: Administrative/Program Enrichment Core, Research Development Core, Aging Animal Models and Longevity Assessment Core, Pathology Core, Analytical Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Core, and Integrated Physiology of Aging Core. The overarching goal of the SA Nathan Shock Center is to advance knowledge in the basic biology of aging and to identify molecular and cellular mechanisms that will facilitate the development of pharmacologic interventions and other strategies to extend healthy lifespan. In pursuit of this goal, we provide an innovative "one-stop shop" venue to accelerate transformative research in the biology of aging through our integrated research cores. Moreover, we aim to foster and promote career development of early-stage investigators in aging biology through our research development programs, to serve as a resource and partner to investigators from other Shock Centers, and to disseminate scientific knowledge and enhanced awareness about aging research. Overall, the SA Nathan Shock Center aims to be a leader in research that advances our understanding of the biology of aging and development of approaches to improve longevity and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Salmon
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - James F Nelson
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Jonathan A L Gelfond
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Martin Javors
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Brett Ginsburg
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Marisa Lopez-Cruzan
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Veronica Galvan
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fernandez
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Nicolas Musi
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yuji Ikeno
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Gene Hubbard
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - James Lechleiter
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Peter J Hornsby
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Randy Strong
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. .,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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49
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Bagchi DP, MacDougald OA. Wnt Signaling: From Mesenchymal Cell Fate to Lipogenesis and Other Mature Adipocyte Functions. Diabetes 2021; 70:1419-1430. [PMID: 34155042 PMCID: PMC8336005 DOI: 10.2337/dbi20-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved pathway with fundamental roles in the development of adipose tissues. Roles of this pathway in mesenchymal stem cell fate determination and differentiation have been extensively studied. Indeed, canonical Wnt signaling is a significant endogenous inhibitor of adipogenesis and promoter of other cell fates, including osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and myogenesis. However, emerging genetic evidence in both humans and mice suggests central roles for Wnt signaling in body fat distribution, obesity, and metabolic dysfunction. Herein, we highlight recent studies that have begun to unravel the contributions of various Wnt pathway members to critical adipocyte functions, including carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. We further explore compelling evidence of complex and coordinated interactions between adipocytes and other cell types within adipose tissues, including stromal, immune, and endothelial cells. Given the evolutionary conservation and ubiquitous cellular distribution of this pathway, uncovering the contributions of Wnt signaling to cell metabolism has exciting implications for therapeutic intervention in widespread pathologic states, including obesity, diabetes, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika P Bagchi
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ormond A MacDougald
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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50
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Zhang J, Wu Q, Yin C, Jia X, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Yuan G, Hu H, Zhao Q. Sustained calcium ion release from bioceramics promotes CaSR-mediated M2 macrophage polarization for osteoinduction. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:485-496. [PMID: 34184323 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0321-739r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells, especially macrophages, play a dual role in tissue repair and the defense against foreign bodies. Although biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics have been confirmed as an excellent osteoimmunoregulatory biomaterial, it is unclear whether the ions release of BCP directly affects macrophage polarization and the mechanism by which the ions release is involved in osteoimmunomodulation. Herein, we verified the superior osteoinductive capacity of BCP in wild-type mice and showed its inability to promote this process in macrophage-deficient (LysM-/- ) mice. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy, ion release curve, and calcein AM-staining results confirmed that BCP-released Ca2+ in a sustained manner, thereby maintaining the long-term induction of M2 macrophage polarization and promoting the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts during osteogenesis. Furthermore, Ca2+ targeted the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and activated Arg1 and IL-10 (M2 marker genes) transcription through the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in macrophages. Under treatment with a CaSR antagonist, macrophages cultured with the BCP fluid extract exhibited lower Ca2+ intake and weaker M2 macrophage polarization. These findings underscore the critical role of macrophages in bone regeneration and clarify the molecular mechanisms of Ca2+ -mediated osteoinduction by biomaterials, which is of great significance for the future design of biomaterial-oriented tissue regeneration engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglun Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengcheng Yin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoshi Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zifan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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