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Chen C, Chen T, Huang M, Huang Y, Zhang L, Li P. Factors associated with HPV vaccine hesitancy among college students: A cross-sectional survey based on 3Cs and structural equation model in China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2309731. [PMID: 38314749 PMCID: PMC10854271 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2309731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the high effectiveness of HPV vaccines in preventing infection, vaccine hesitancy remains a concern, particularly in China. This study aimed to explore college students' attitudes toward HPV vaccination and identify associated factors. Data was collected through a cross-sectional survey using self-administered questionnaires in four cities from May to June 2022. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors. Additionally, an integrated structural equation model (SEM) based on the 3Cs (confidence, convenience, complacency) was developed to understand underlying factors contributing to hesitancy. The results from 2261 valid questionnaires were enlightening. A significant 89.47% (59.4% for females) considered HPV vaccination necessary, with 9.82% remaining neutral and only 0.71% deeming it unnecessary. Factors like higher education, being a medical student, residing in urban areas, having medical insurance, more extraordinary living expenses, a family history of tumors, and a solid understanding of HPV played a role in perceiving the vaccine as necessary. Among the 1438 female respondents, 84.36% had no hesitancy toward HPV vaccination, 13.53% expressed hesitancy, and 2.11% refused vaccination. Factors like age, understanding of HPV, medical staff recommendations, living expenses, and family history influenced hesitancy levels. SEM revealed that the 3Cs significantly affected vaccine hesitancy. Factors like price, booking process, vaccination times, trust in vaccines, medical staff recommendations, efficiency, and risk perception collectively influenced hesitancy. In conclusion, this study found high acceptance of HPV vaccination but acknowledged the complexity of hesitancy factors. It recommends medical staff disseminate scientific knowledge, offer recommendations, simplify booking procedures, and expand vaccination sites to address vaccine hesitancy effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingzhao Huang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Center for Chinese Public Administration Research, School of Government, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pindong Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation, Wuhan, China
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Antza C, Grassi G, Weber T, Persu A, Jordan J, Nilsson PM, Redon J, Stabouli S, Kreutz R, Kotsis V. Assessment and Management of Patients with Obesity and Hypertension in European Society of Hypertension Excellence Centres. A survey from the ESH Working Group on Diabetes and Metabolic Risk Factors. Blood Press 2024; 33:2317256. [PMID: 38407195 DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2024.2317256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare providers are faced with an increasing number of patients with obesity and arterial hypertension. Preventing obesity-associated hypertension and appropriately managing patients with established disease are both important. Hence, the aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical care of patients with obesity and hypertension among ESH Excellence Centres (ECs). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, international 30-item survey through e-mails. RESULTS In total, 70 representatives of ECs participated (78% men) with 66% of them practicing medicine for more than 30 years and working in well-equipped clinics. Most were internists (41%) and cardiologists (37%) and 73% reported training on the management of obese patients with hypertension. A majority weigh their patients (77%) and evaluate patients for sleep disorders (93%). However, only 47% spend more than 5min to advise for lifestyle modification in general, 59% for weight loss, 56% for salt intake and 64% for exercise. Finally, a minority of participants ask patients if they like their body (6%) or about previous attempts to lose weight (28%), evaluate 24h urinary sodium excretion rate (22%) and provide written (15%) or personalized (10%) dietary advices. If the patient suffers also from type 2 diabetes mellitus, 66% switch treatment to GLP1 receptor agonists and 60% to SGLT2 inhibitors. CONCLUSION Most clinicians in ESH ECs are well educated regarding obesity-associated hypertension, and clinics are sufficiently equipped to manage these patients, as well. However, several deficits were reported regarding efforts to address and implement obesity specific aspects and interventions to improve care in patients with obesity and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Antza
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Guido Grassi
- Clinical Medica, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University
| | - Thomas Weber
- Cardiology Department, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
| | - Alexandre Persu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jens Jordan
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- University Hypertension Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Josep Redon
- Cardiometabolic Renal Risk Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBEROBN, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stella Stabouli
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokratio General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vasilios Kotsis
- Clinical Medica, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University
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Ajibare AJ, Odetayo AF, Akintoye OO, Olayaki LA. Zinc ameliorates acrylamide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in testicular cells via Nrf2/HO-1/NfkB and Bax/Bcl2 signaling pathway. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2341537. [PMID: 38629506 PMCID: PMC11025409 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2341537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acrylamide is a toxic substance formed in some foods that require high-temperature cooking processes and has been implicated as a gonadotoxic agent. Zinc, on the other hand, is a known antioxidant with fertility-enhancing properties. Hence, this study was designed to explore the possible ameliorative effect of zinc in acrylamide-induced gonadotoxicity. METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomized into control, acrylamide (10 mg/kg of acrylamide), acrylamide + 1 mg/kg of zinc, and acrylamide + 3 mg/kg of zinc. The administration was via the oral route and lasted for 56 days. RESULTS Zinc treatment ameliorated acrylamide-impaired sperm quality, normal testicular histoarchitecture, and hormonal balance, which was accompanied by increased testicular malondialdehyde and interleukin-1β and decreased testicular superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, zinc prevented acrylamide-induced downregulation of testicular nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl2) expression and upregulation of testicular nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and bcl-2-like protein 4 (bax) expression. CONCLUSION In conclusion, zinc may protect against acrylamide-induced testicular toxicity, mediated by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Johnson Ajibare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Olabode Oluwadare Akintoye
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
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Rajčević S, Vuković V, Štrbac M, Pustahija T, Šušnjević S, Radić I, Petrović R, Jovanović M, Ristić M. Knowledge of Healthcare Workers Regarding Road Traffic Child Safety in South Bačka District, Serbia. Zdr Varst 2024; 63:89-99. [PMID: 38517023 PMCID: PMC10954240 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2024-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Healthcare workers (HCW) can have an important role in educating parents about child road safety, but research on the topic shows that they usually do not have adequate knowledge. Thus, the aim of our study was to analyze their knowledge in the field of child road safety. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted among HCW from South Bačka district, Serbia, using a specially created questionnaire for assessing knowledge on road traffic injuries in children. Results The research involved the participation of 317 healthcare workers (86 physicians and 231 nurses). Healthcare workers from primary healthcare made up almost 70% of all respondents, followed by those from tertiary (21.8%) and secondary (11.3%) level institutions. The average percentage of correct answers on the knowledge test was 74.3% (mean=22.3, SD=4.0). Out of all respondents, HCWs employed in the paediatrics department had a significantly higher percentage of correct answers at 77.7% (mean=23.3, SD=3.4) compared to other health workers at 73% (mean=21.9, SD=4.1) (p=0.002). Association analysis demonstrated that HCW employed at paediatric departments on average scored 1.37 (95% CI: 0.40-2.33, p=0.006) points higher in comparison with other HCW. Conclusion This research demonstrated an unsatisfactory level of knowledge on child road safety by HCW, and the variability across different question domains, which underlines the need for continuous educations in order to improve their knowledge. Our results may serve in planning additional public health measures and can provide a reference for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smiljana Rajčević
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Vuković
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Štrbac
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Pustahija
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sonja Šušnjević
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Statistics with Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Univerisity of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Radić
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Statistics with Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Univerisity of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Radmila Petrović
- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 1-9, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Mioljub Ristić
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21 000Novi Sad, Serbia
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Škvorová P, Kulma M, Božik M, Kurečka M, Plachý V, Slavíková D, Šebelová K, Kouřimská L. Evaluation of rapeseed cake as a protein substitute in the feed of edible crickets: A case study using Gryllus assimilis. Food Chem 2024; 441:138254. [PMID: 38194792 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This paper aimed to investigate the optimization of Gryllus assimilis farming production by examining the effects of replacing soybean meal with rapeseed cake (25-100%) and supplementing it with rapeseed oil. The results reveal no adverse effects of soybean meal replacement on the feed conversion ratio and weight of the harvested crickets. However, incorporating larger quantities of rapeseed cake into the diet increased crude protein and decreased fat content. Moreover, the composition of fatty acids varied significantly, with increased levels of oleic acid and decreased levels of palmitic acid, while a high rapeseed cake content led to a decrease in the atherogenic and thrombogenic index values. The amino acid composition remained unaffected. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that rapeseed cake can serve as a viable substitute for soybean meal in the diet of Gryllus assimilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Škvorová
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Kulma
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Matěj Božik
- Department of Food Science, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Kurečka
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimír Plachý
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Daniela Slavíková
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Šebelová
- Department of Food Science, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Kouřimská
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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Amundsen E, Muller AE, Reierth E, Skogen V, Berg RC. Chemsex Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Systematic Scoping Review of Research Methods. J Homosex 2024; 71:1392-1418. [PMID: 36939142 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2170757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemsex refers to the use of psychoactive substances with sex. We carried out a systematic scoping review of methodological characteristics of chemsex research among men who have sex with men (MSM), published between 2010 and 2020. For inclusion, chemsex had to be the main focus, and studies had to specify GHB/GBL, stimulant (amphetamine, crystal meth, ecstasy/MDMA, cathinones, cocaine) and/or ketamine use with sex as a variable. From 7055 titles/abstracts, 108 studies were included, mostly cross-sectional, and from Western countries. About one-third of studies recruited exclusively from clinical settings. A majority of these recruited from sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics. The included quantitative studies analyzed possible associations between chemsex and STI health (40%), mental health (15%), drug health (12%), sexological health (10%), and post-diagnostic HIV health (7%). Most studies included GHB/GBL and crystal meth in their operationalization of chemsex. Definitions and operationalizations of chemsex vary greatly in the literature, and researchers of chemsex among MSM should consider ways in which this variation impacts the validity of their results. More studies are needed among MSM in non-high income and non-Western countries, and examination of possible links between chemsex and post-diagnostic HIV health, sexological health, and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirik Amundsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Eirik Reierth
- Science and Health Library, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vegard Skogen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rigmor C Berg
- Division for Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Nguyen MTH, Sakamoto Y, Maeda T, Woodward M, Anderson CS, Catiwa J, Yazidjoglou A, Carcel C, Yang M, Wang X. Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Functional Outcomes After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033078. [PMID: 38639361 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review aimed to quantify the impact of socioeconomic status on functional outcomes from stroke and identify the socioeconomic status indicators that exhibit the highest magnitude of association. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a systematic literature search across Medline and Embase from inception to May 2022, to identify observational studies (n≥100, and in English). Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta-analysis was used to pool data. We included 19 studies (157 715 patients, 47.7% women) reporting functional outcomes measured with modified Rankin Scale or Barthel index, with 10 assessed as low risk of bias. Measures of socioeconomic status reported were education (11 studies), income (8), occupation (4), health insurance status (3), and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (3). Pooled data suggested that low socioeconomic status was significantly associated with poor functional outcomes, including incomplete education or below high school level versus high school attainment and above (odds ratio [OR], 1.66 [95% CI, 1.40-1.95]), lowest income versus highest income (OR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.02-1.83]), a manual job/being unemployed versus a nonmanual job/working (OR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.29-2.02]), and living in the most disadvantaged socioeconomic neighborhood versus the least disadvantaged (OR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.25-1.92]). Low health insurance status was also associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcomes (OR, 1.32 [95% CI, 0.95-1.84]), although this was association was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Despite great strides in stroke treatment in the past decades, social disadvantage remains a risk factor for poor functional outcome after an acute stroke. Further research is needed to better understand causal mechanisms and disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai T H Nguyen
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Centre of Epidemiology for Policy and Practice, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Neurology Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London London United Kingdom
| | - Craig S Anderson
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- The George Institute China Registered Office of The George Institute for Global Health Australia Beijing China
| | - Jayson Catiwa
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Amelia Yazidjoglou
- Centre of Epidemiology for Policy and Practice, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Cheryl Carcel
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College Chengdu China
| | - Xia Wang
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
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Lehto E, Uusitalo L, Saari T, Rahkonen O, Erkkola M, Nevalainen J. Association between work-related factors and health behaviour clusters among Finnish private-sector service workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024:10.1007/s00420-024-02069-9. [PMID: 38713282 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined how work-related factors associate with several health behaviours that appear together among the large, but less-studied, blue- and pink-collar worker group, which is characterized by low education and income levels. METHODS In 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among private sector service workers (n = 5256) in Finland. We applied two-step cluster analysis to identify groups on the basis of leisure-time physical activity, sleep adequacy, frequency of heavy drinking, smoking status, and frequency of fruit, vegetable and berry consumption. We examined the associations with work-related factors, using multinomial regression analyses and adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS We identified six clusters labelled as Moderately Healthy (28% of the participants), Healthy - Vigorous Exercise (19%), Sedentary Lifestyle (16%), Inadequate Sleep (15%), Mixed Health Behaviours (15%), and Multiple Risk Behaviours (8%). Those who perceived their work to be mentally or physically strenuous more commonly belonged to the Inadequate Sleep and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters. Time pressure made belonging to the Inadequate Sleep, Mixed Health Behaviours, and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters more likely. Those who were dissatisfied with their work more often belonged to the Healthy - Vigorous Exercise, Inadequate Sleep, and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters. CONCLUSION In addition of finding several considerably differing health behaviour clusters, we also found that adverse working conditions were associated with clusters characterized by multiple risk behaviours, especially inadequate sleep. Private-sector service workers' working conditions should be improved so that they support sufficient recovery, and occupational health services should better identify co-occurring multiple risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elviira Lehto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Liisa Uusitalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Saari
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Work Research Centre, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ossi Rahkonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Nevalainen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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da Costa MP, Severo M, Araújo J, Vilela S. Longitudinal tracking of diet quality from childhood to adolescence: The Interplay of individual and sociodemographic factors. Appetite 2024; 196:107279. [PMID: 38401601 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine diet tracking from childhood to adolescence, using 4 time-points, and the influence of socioeconomic and individual characteristics in this transition. The sample included 6893 children from the Portuguese birth cohort Generation XXI with complete information on Food Frequency Questionnaire in at least one of the considered follow-ups. A Healthy Eating Index (HEI), previously developed to assess adherence to WHO's dietary recommendations, was applied at all ages (4, 7, 10 and 13y). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to analyse the tracking of diet quality. Linear mixed-effect models were performed to estimate the association of the child's socioeconomic and individual characteristics with the HEI score and respective trajectories over time. The overall diet quality decreased from childhood (22.2 ± 3.6 at 4y) to adolescence (18.2 ± 3.9 at 13y), with moderate tracking (ICC = 0.53), showing that children who start a healthy diet earlier might have a better diet quality as time goes by. Children of older mothers (β = 0.079, 95%CI = 0.061-0.097) and with higher education (β = 0.203, 95%CI = 0.178-0.229) and a higher household monthly income (β = 0.024,95%CI = 0.007-0.041) had a higher diet quality over time. Besides family characteristics, the child's sedentary activities (β = -0.009, 95%CI = -0.014--0.003) negatively influence diet quality throughout life. In contrast, being a girl (β = -0.094, 95%CI = -0.132--0.056) and having higher sleep duration (β = 0.039, 95%CI = 0.015-0.064) are associated with a higher diet quality over time. The presence of dietary tracking from childhood to adolescence implies that promoting healthy eating habits during the first years of life is crucial for a healthier diet quality during late childhood and early adolescence, focusing on maternal and individual child characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pinto da Costa
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº288, 4050-321, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Araújo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
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Chen J, Xiao WC, Zhao JJ, Heitkamp M, Chen DF, Shan R, Yang ZR, Liu Z. FTO genotype and body mass index reduction in childhood obesity interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13715. [PMID: 38320834 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Numerous guidelines have called for personalized interventions to address childhood obesity. The role of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) in the risk of childhood obesity has been summarized. However, it remains unclear whether FTO could influence individual responses to obesity interventions, especially in children. To address this, we systematically reviewed 12,255 records across 10 databases/registers and included 13 lifestyle-based obesity interventions (3980 children with overweight/obesity) reporting changes in body mass index (BMI) Z-score, BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage after interventions. These obesity-related outcomes were first compared between children carrying different FTO genotypes (rs9939609 or its proxy) and then synthesized by random-effect meta-analysis models. The results from single-group interventions showed no evidence of associations between FTO risk allele and changes in obesity-related outcomes after interventions (e.g., BMI Z-score: -0.01; 95% CI: -0.04, 0.01). The results from controlled trials showed that associations between the FTO risk allele and changes in obesity-related outcomes did not differ by intervention/control group. To conclude, the FTO risk allele might play a minor role in the response to obesity interventions among children. Future studies might pay more attention to the accumulation effect of multiple genes in the intervention process among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wu-Cai Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Jun Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Melanie Heitkamp
- Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, University Hospital "Klinikum rechts der Isar," Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Da-Fang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Shan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Rui Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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11
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Özkaya HD, Elazab K, Turan B, Nazlı A, Öztürk B, Pullukçu H, Gökengin D. Missed Opportunities in HIV Testing in Turkiye: Implications for Late Diagnoses. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2024; 96:77-84. [PMID: 38346425 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000003398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late diagnosis of HIV infection is a major global problem. In Turkiye, only 41%-50% of people living with HIV are diagnosed, suggesting that many opportunities for HIV testing might be missed. SETTING The aim of this study was to determine the missed testing opportunities for HIV in healthcare settings in Turkiye and the predictors for missed opportunities (MOs). METHODS The study included patients with a new HIV diagnosis, presenting to care between January 2018 and December 2020. They were given a verbal questionnaire face to face, by a telephone call or an online meeting for visits to a health care setting within the year before their diagnosis. Electronic medical records were also examined. RESULTS The sample included 198 patients with at least 1 visit to any health care setting, with a total of 1677 visits. Patients had an indication for HIV testing in 51.3% (861/1677) of the visits; an HIV test was not offered in 77.9% (671/861) and was considered a MO. The highest number of MOs was in emergency departments (59.8%) (180/301). The most common reason for visiting was constitutional symptoms and indicator conditions (55.4%) (929/1677). University graduates and those with a CD4+ T-cell count <200/mm 3 were more likely to have a MO. CONCLUSIONS Many opportunities to diagnose HIV at an early stage are missed in health care settings in Turkiye. Considering the rapidly increasing number of new diagnoses in the last decade, urgent action needs to be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Deniz Özkaya
- Bakırçay University Çiğli Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye
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12
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Zhang D, Halim A, FitzPatrick S, Fishman F. The Ethics of International Medical Tourism. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2024; 106:845-849. [PMID: 38512982 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.23.00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Dafang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrea Halim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Felicity Fishman
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois
- Shriners Children's Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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13
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Blouin C, Lemière C. Recent developments in occupational asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2024; 30:281-286. [PMID: 38415698 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Occupational asthma (OA) is a complex condition that can be difficult to diagnose. The purpose of this review is to describe some recent findings regarding the epidemiology of OA, the occupational sensitizing agents, the prognosis of OA, and its primary prevention. RECENT FINDINGS The risk of developing OA varies according to the geographic localization of the worker, the type of industry and the type of sensitizing agents. New findings have been reported for several known sensitizing agents, such as isocyanates, seafood & cleaning agents, and their related industries, such as hairdressing salons and schools. Moreover, a few new sensitizing agents, such as cannabis, have been identified in the past few years. The prognosis of OA seems worse than that of nonwork-related asthma. It is mainly determined by the duration and the level of exposure. Primary prevention is crucial to reduce the number of new cases of OA. Complete avoidance of exposure to the causal agent remains the optimal treatment of sensitizer-induced OA. SUMMARY Improving our knowledge regarding OA and its causative agents is key to enable an early recognition of this condition and improve its prognosis. Further research is still needed to improve primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Blouin
- CIUSSS du Nord de l'île de Montréal
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Catherine Lemière
- CIUSSS du Nord de l'île de Montréal
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
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14
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Schmitt T, Czabanowska K, Schröder-Bäck P. What is context in knowledge translation? Results of a systematic scoping review. Health Res Policy Syst 2024; 22:52. [PMID: 38685073 PMCID: PMC11057149 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-024-01143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge Translation (KT) aims to convey novel ideas to relevant stakeholders, motivating their response or action to improve people's health. Initially, the KT literature focused on evidence-based medicine, applying findings from laboratory and clinical research to disease diagnosis and treatment. Since the early 2000s, the scope of KT has expanded to include decision-making with health policy implications.This systematic scoping review aims to assess the evolving knowledge-to-policy concepts, that is, macro-level KT theories, models and frameworks (KT TMFs). While significant attention has been devoted to transferring knowledge to healthcare settings (i.e. implementing health policies, programmes or measures at the meso-level), the definition of 'context' in the realm of health policymaking at the macro-level remains underexplored in the KT literature. This study aims to close the gap.A total of 32 macro-level KT TMFs were identified, with only a limited subset of them offering detailed insights into contextual factors that matter in health policymaking. Notably, the majority of these studies prompt policy changes in low- and middle-income countries and received support from international organisations, the European Union, development agencies or philanthropic entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Schmitt
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute - CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Katarzyna Czabanowska
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute - CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Schröder-Bäck
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute - CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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15
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Connolly AJ, Stall LM, Floyd CG, Kraus SW, Grubbs JB. Exploring the Differences in Positive Play among Various Sports Wagering Behaviors. J Gambl Stud 2024:10.1007/s10899-024-10304-8. [PMID: 38652388 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-024-10304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Recent technological advances and legislative changes have led to an increase of sports wagering across the United States, raising concerns about possible increases in problem gambling behaviors. This, in turn, points to an increased need to understand responsible gambling and how it relates to sports gambling behaviors. The present work utilizes the Positive Play Scale (PPS), a recent scale designed to measure the increasingly popular responsible gambling concept of Positive Play, to assess how various aspects of sports gambling relate to responsible gambling. Participants were recruited by YouGov Opinion polling and taken from two U.S. samples, and the present analyses look only at those who self-identified as sports gamblers (n = 561, Mage = 50.7). Gamblers' location of gambling, types of bets wagered on, timing of gambling, and website used to gamble were assessed. Those who bet online in any capacity, as well as participating in in-game wagering, were found to be significantly less positive in their gambling behaviors. In addition, certain types of sports wagers such as moneylines appeared to be associated with higher positive play, while other types such as parlays were associated with less positive play. Finally, certain websites, particularly offshore websites, were associated with lower positive play behavior. Collectively, these results suggest that there are various aspects of sports wagering behaviors that are associated with positive play variations in gambling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Connolly
- Center on Alcohol, Substance Use, And Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale BLVD SE, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Lindsay M Stall
- Center on Alcohol, Substance Use, And Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale BLVD SE, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Christopher G Floyd
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, 822 E. Merry Ave, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Shane W Kraus
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada Las Vegas, CEB 320, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Joshua B Grubbs
- Center on Alcohol, Substance Use, And Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale BLVD SE, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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16
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VanderVeer-Harris N, Zippi ZD, Patel DP, Manoharan M, Caso JR, Vaidean GD. Racial and ethnic disparities in prostate cancer screening following the 2018 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. J Med Screen 2024:9691413241248052. [PMID: 38646707 DOI: 10.1177/09691413241248052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In 2018, the United States Preventive Services Task Force promoted shared decision making between healthcare provider and patient for men aged 55 to 69. This study aimed to analyze rates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing across racial and ethnic groups following this new recommendation. METHODS A secondary analysis was conducted of the 2020-2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System database to assess men aged 55 or older without a history of prostate cancer. We defined four race-ethnicity groups: non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), Hispanics, and Other. The primary outcome was the most recent PSA test (MRT), defined as the respondent's most recent PSA test occurring pre-2018 or post-2018 guidelines. Logistic regression adjusted for covariates including age, socioeconomic status factors, marital status, smoking history, and healthcare access factors. RESULTS In the age 55 to 69 study sample, NHW men had the greatest proportion of MRT post-2018 guidelines (n = 15,864, 72.5%). NHB men had the lowest percentage of MRT post-2018 guidelines (n = 965, 66.6%). With NHW as referent, the crude odds of the MRT post-2018 guidelines was 0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.53-0.90) for NHB. The maximally adjusted odds ratio was 0.78 (0.59-1.02). CONCLUSIONS We found that NHB aged 55 to 69 reported decreased rates of PSA testing after 2018 when compared to NHW. This was demonstrated on crude analysis but not after adjustment. Such findings suggest the influence of social determinants of health on preventative screening for at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachary D Zippi
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Dev P Patel
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Jorge R Caso
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Georgeta D Vaidean
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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17
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El Ansari W, Sebena R, El-Ansari K, Suominen S. Clusters of lifestyle behavioral risk factors and their associations with depressive symptoms and stress: evidence from students at a university in Finland. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1103. [PMID: 38649903 PMCID: PMC11034152 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous research of university students in Finland assessed lifestyle behavioral risk factors (BRFs), grouped students into clusters, appraised the relationships of the clusters with their mental well-being, whilst controlling for confounders. The current study undertook this task. METHODS Students at the University of Turku (n = 1177, aged 22.96 ± 5.2 years) completed an online questionnaire that tapped information on sociodemographic variables (age, sex, income sufficiency, accommodation during the semester), four BRFs [problematic alcohol consumption, smoking, food consumption habits, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)], as well as depressive symptoms and stress. Two-step cluster analysis of the BRFs using log-likelihood distance measure categorized students into well-defined clusters. Two regression models appraised the associations between cluster membership and depressive symptoms and stress, controlling for sex, income sufficiency and accommodation during the semester. RESULTS Slightly more than half the study participants (56.8%) had always/mostly sufficient income and 33% lived with parents/partner. Cluster analysis of BRFs identified three distinct student clusters, namely Cluster 1 (Healthy Group), Cluster 2 (Smokers), and Cluster 3 (Nonsmokers but Problematic Drinkers). Age, sex and MVPA were not different across the clusters, but Clusters 1 and 3 comprised significantly more respondents with always/mostly sufficient income and lived with their parents/partner during the semester. All members in Clusters 1 and 3 were non-smokers, while all Cluster 2 members comprised occasional/daily smokers. Problematic drinking was significantly different between clusters (Cluster 1 = 0%, Cluster 2 = 54%, Cluster 3 = 100%). Cluster 3 exhibited significantly healthier nutrition habits than both other clusters. Regression analysis showed: (1) males and those with sufficient income were significantly less likely to report depressive symptoms or stress; (2) those living with parents/partner were significantly less likely to experience depressive symptoms; (3) compared to Cluster 1, students in the two other clusters were significantly more likely to report higher depressive symptoms; and (4) only students in Cluster 2 were more likely to report higher stress. CONCLUSIONS BRFs cluster together, however, such clustering is not a clear-cut, all-or-none phenomenon. Students with BRFs consistently exhibited higher levels of depressive symptoms and stress. Educational and motivational interventions should target at-risk individuals including those with insufficient income or living with roommates or alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid El Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, 3050, Doha, Qatar
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, 3050, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rene Sebena
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Kareem El-Ansari
- Faculty of Medicine, St. George's University, Saint George's, Grenada
| | - Sakari Suominen
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, 541 28, Skövde, Sweden.
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Research Services, The wellbeing services county of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland.
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18
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Pešut E, Šimić I, Fureš R, Milutin Gašperov N, Lež C, Feratović F, Kukina Žvigač T, Grce M, Erceg Ivkošić I, Sabol I. Monitoring HPV Prevalence and Risk Cofactors for Abnormal Cytology in the Post-Vaccination Period among Croatian Women. Viruses 2024; 16:642. [PMID: 38675981 PMCID: PMC11054414 DOI: 10.3390/v16040642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer in Croatia remains a health challenge despite screening efforts. Besides the persistent infection with HPV, the development of cancer is also associated with some cofactors. The goal of this study was to assess circulating HPV genotypes and risk factors for the development of cervical precancer after almost 16 years from the onset of HPV vaccination in Croatia. In this study, a total of 321 women attending gynecological care were evaluated. Relevant medical and demographic information, including cytology, were collected. HPV genotyping was performed by PCR. Comparing the HPV types found in circulation in the pre-vaccination (1999-2015) and post-vaccination periods (2020-2023), a statistically significant reduction in HPV 31 was noted, while the overall prevalence increased in the post-vaccination period. Besides the expected HPV positivity as a risk factor, the history of smoking was associated with LSIL or worse cytology at enrollment. For the first time, this population study revealed a statistically significant shift in the HPV genotype in the post-vaccination period, as well as the confirmation of risk factors for the development of abnormal cytology among Croatian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Pešut
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.P.); (I.Š.); (N.M.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Ivana Šimić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.P.); (I.Š.); (N.M.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Rajko Fureš
- General Hospital Zabok, Bračak 8, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (R.F.); (C.L.); (F.F.); (T.K.Ž.)
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Viktora Cara Emina 5, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nina Milutin Gašperov
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.P.); (I.Š.); (N.M.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Cvjetko Lež
- General Hospital Zabok, Bračak 8, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (R.F.); (C.L.); (F.F.); (T.K.Ž.)
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Fabijan Feratović
- General Hospital Zabok, Bračak 8, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (R.F.); (C.L.); (F.F.); (T.K.Ž.)
| | - Tomica Kukina Žvigač
- General Hospital Zabok, Bračak 8, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (R.F.); (C.L.); (F.F.); (T.K.Ž.)
| | - Magdalena Grce
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.P.); (I.Š.); (N.M.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Ivana Erceg Ivkošić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Special Hospital Sveta Katarina, Branimirova 71 E, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Sabol
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.P.); (I.Š.); (N.M.G.); (M.G.)
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Garmabi M, Andishmand Z, Naderi F, Sharifnezhad A, Darrudi F, Malekzadeh R, Amini A, Gholami A. The Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety and Its Association with Sleep Quality in the First-Year Medical Science Students. Depress Res Treat 2024; 2024:7102081. [PMID: 38651016 PMCID: PMC11035008 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7102081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Methods A total number of 471 freshmen students (NUMS) participated in the study, pinpointing that the data are collected in 2019 and 2020. In line with measuring depression, anxiety, and sleep quality, the Persian Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were employed. The associations between depression and anxiety with sleep quality were assessed by using the multiple logistic regression model. All statistical analyses were conducted in STATA14, and the significant level was set at P < 0.05. Results The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality in the study population was 21.4%, 31.9%, and 28%, respectively. Analytical analyses indicated that after adjusting for studied covariates, the odds of poor sleep quality in individuals with depression were 3.5 times higher compared to the counter group (P < 0.001). Moreover, the odds of poor sleep quality in individuals with anxiety were 2.1 times higher compared to the counter group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Noticeable proportion of freshmen students suffer from depression and anxiety; in line with such a critical issue, our study found that depression and anxiety had a statistical association with sleep quality in study population. From this respect, it seems that providing essential interventions and psychological counseling services could be constructive for the freshmen medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Garmabi
- Student Counseling Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Zahra Andishmand
- Student Counseling Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naderi
- Student Counseling Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ahmad Sharifnezhad
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Darrudi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Malekzadeh
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Asieh Amini
- Ph.D. Candidate in English Language Teaching, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Gholami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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20
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Zhao M, Na N, Xing N, Zhu H, Wu G, Xu G, Jiang Y. The impact of social support on benefit finding among patients with advanced lung cancer and their caregivers: based on actor-partner interdependence mediation model. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:287. [PMID: 38619660 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advanced lung cancer and its treatment serve as a sudden stressful event that profoundly impacts the psychological experience of both the patients and their primary caregiver. This study used dyadic analyses to explore the dyadic effects of social support on benefit finding and whether hope level mediates the patient-caregiver dyads in advanced lung cancer. METHODS Two hundred ninety-five pairs of patients with advanced lung cancer and primary caregivers completed the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Herth Hope Index (HHI), and the Benefit Finding Scale (BFS). Dyadic analyses were conducted using structural equation modelling based on the actor-partner interdependence mediation model. RESULTS The results indicated that for both patients (B = 0.259, 95% CI = 0.135-0.423, P < 0.001) and their primary caregivers (B = 0.596, 95% CI = 0.403-0.838, P < 0.001), hope level mediated the actor effect of social support on benefit finding; social support was positively associated with hope level and further enhanced benefit finding. Regarding partner effects (B = 0.242, 95% CI = 0.119-0.404, P < 0.001), primary caregivers' social support significantly indirectly affected patients' benefit finding through patients' hope level. CONCLUSION There is an interaction between social support, hope level, and benefit finding in patients with advanced lung cancer and their primary caregivers. Healthcare professionals ought to be vigilant in recognizing patients and caregivers who are vulnerable, have limited social support, and possess diminished hope levels. At the same time, nurses should provide timely psychological support and counseling to patients and their caregivers, encourage them to actively participate in social activities, and inspire their confidence and hope in life, thus improving their benefit findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Zhao
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, PO Box 266071, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Na Na
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Naijiao Xing
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Shi Zhongxin Yiyuan, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Cancer Precision Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Guixia Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Guangyi Xu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, PO Box 266071, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yunxia Jiang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, PO Box 266071, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
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Radó SI, Molnár M, Széll R, Szőllősi GJ, Törő V, Shehab B, Manios Y, Anastasiou C, Iotova V, Tsochev K, Chakarova N, Giménez-Legarre N, Miguel Berges ML, Schwarz PEH, Rurik I, Sárváry A. Association between Screen Time and Sociodemographic Factors, Physical Activity, and BMI among Children in Six European Countries (Feel4Diabetes): A Cross-Sectional Study. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:458. [PMID: 38671675 PMCID: PMC11049295 DOI: 10.3390/children11040458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Screen time among children in most European countries is notably high and is influenced by various sociodemographic and other factors. Our study aimed to explore the associations between parents' sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, risk status for type 2 diabetes, and their children's BMI, physical activity, and screen time. The data were sourced from the 2016 Feel4Diabetes study, involving 12,280 parents and 12,211 children aged 6-9 years (average age 8.21 years) in a cross-sectional study design. We used a logistic regression model to identify potential factors associated with children's screen time. The results showed that mothers with tertiary education (OR = 0.64; 95%CI = 0.49-0.82; p < 0.001), the middle age group (45-54 years) (OR = 0.81 95%CI = 0.66-0.98; p = 0.033), and families with higher incomes (middle-OR = 0.85; 95%CI = 0.75-0.97; p = 0.014; high-OR = 0.8; 95%CI = 0.69-0.93; p = 0.003) were associated with a decreased chance of children spending more than 2 h/day in front of the screen. In contrast, maternal overweight/obesity (OR = 1.15; 95%CI = 1.03-1.29; p = 0.013) and lower physical activity in children were linked to an increased likelihood of more than 2 h of screen time per day. Our findings suggest that targeted interventions should be developed to mitigate excessive screen time, particularly focusing on low-income families and mothers with low educational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Istvánné Radó
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (S.I.R.); (V.T.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Mónika Molnár
- Department of Integrative Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (M.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Róbert Széll
- Department of Integrative Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (M.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Gergő József Szőllősi
- Coordination Center of Social Sciences, Faculty of Economy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Viktória Törő
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (S.I.R.); (V.T.)
| | - Bashar Shehab
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, 176 76 Athens, Greece; (Y.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Costas Anastasiou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, 176 76 Athens, Greece; (Y.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Violeta Iotova
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (V.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Kaloyan Tsochev
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (V.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Nevena Chakarova
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Natalia Giménez-Legarre
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (N.G.-L.); (M.L.M.B.)
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud, Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Miguel Berges
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (N.G.-L.); (M.L.M.B.)
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud, Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter E. H. Schwarz
- International Diabetes Federation, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Imre Rurik
- Department of Family Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Sárváry
- Department of Integrative Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (M.M.); (R.S.)
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Crișan D, Avram L, Grapă C, Nemeș A, Coman MV, Beldean-Galea MS, Coman RT, Călinici T, Donca V, Crăciun R. Unveiling Health Inequalities: Exploring Metabolic Dysfunction in Rural Roma Communities. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:816. [PMID: 38667578 PMCID: PMC11050184 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12080816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Europe's largest ethnic minority, the Roma, are often confronted with substantial obstacles that result in health disparities. Research indicates that there are elevated rates of both communicable and non-communicable diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), among Roma communities, often linked to living conditions, limited education, or poverty. This study centers on remote rural Roma settlements in Romania, evaluating the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction, obesity, and liver steatosis while considering socio-economic and lifestyle factors. METHODS Over a period of 36 months, local visits to a total of 25 rural Roma communities were conducted, where a medical team gathered information through a standardized questionnaire and conducted a physical exam on every participant. Liver steatosis was also recorded with the help of a portable wireless ultrasound device. RESULTS Our study included 343 participants, with a predominance of female subjects, representing 72.5% (n = 249) of the patients. The prevalence of obesity, defined by a body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m2, was 32.2% (n = 111). Arterial hypertension was found to have a prevalence of 54.1% (n = 185), with de novo hypertension being observed in 19.2% patients (n = 66). Type 2 diabetes mellitus was found in 28.9% patients (n = 99), with 19.5% being de novo cases. The prevalence of hepatic steatosis was 57.2% (n = 111/194). A positive association between metabolic features and at-risk behaviors was found. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the transition from infectious to metabolic diseases in vulnerable communities and highlights the urgency of targeted public health strategies tailored to the unique needs of rural Roma populations, aiming to mitigate health disparities and promote equitable healthcare access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Crișan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.C.); (A.N.); (R.-T.C.); (T.C.); (V.D.); (R.C.)
- Clinical Municipal Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucreția Avram
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.C.); (A.N.); (R.-T.C.); (T.C.); (V.D.); (R.C.)
- Clinical Municipal Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristiana Grapă
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.C.); (A.N.); (R.-T.C.); (T.C.); (V.D.); (R.C.)
- “Prof. Dr. O. Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada Nemeș
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.C.); (A.N.); (R.-T.C.); (T.C.); (V.D.); (R.C.)
- Clinical Municipal Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria-Virginia Coman
- “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, “Babeş-Bolyai” University, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | | | - Radu-Tudor Coman
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.C.); (A.N.); (R.-T.C.); (T.C.); (V.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Tudor Călinici
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.C.); (A.N.); (R.-T.C.); (T.C.); (V.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Valer Donca
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.C.); (A.N.); (R.-T.C.); (T.C.); (V.D.); (R.C.)
- Clinical Municipal Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rareș Crăciun
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.C.); (A.N.); (R.-T.C.); (T.C.); (V.D.); (R.C.)
- “Prof. Dr. O. Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Chen S, Pan Z, Liu M, Guo L, Jiang X, He G. Recent Advances on Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Lipocalin-like Proteins. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5144-5167. [PMID: 38525852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are crucial players in nonvesicular lipid trafficking. LTPs sharing a lipocalin lipid transfer domain (lipocalin-like proteins) have a wide range of biological functions, such as regulating immune responses and cell proliferation, differentiation, and death as well as participating in the pathogenesis of inflammatory, metabolic, and neurological disorders and cancer. Therefore, the development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting these LTPs is important and has potential clinical applications. Herein, we summarize the structure and function of lipocalin-like proteins, mainly including retinol-binding proteins, lipocalins, and fatty acid-binding proteins and discuss the recent advances on small-molecule inhibitors for these protein families and their applications in disease treatment. The findings of our Perspective can provide guidance for the development of inhibitors of these LTPs and highlight the challenges that might be faced during the procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Chen
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhaoping Pan
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingxia Liu
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linghong Guo
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Li Y, Xu C, Ban Y, Xi W, Han Y, Zhang X, Gao L. Influence of health-related behaviors patterns on obesity among primary and secondary school students: A latent profile analysis. Public Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38602094 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the co-existing patterns of health-related behaviors among children and adolescents at different education stages and the association with obesity. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SAMPLE A total of 5651 primary and secondary school students were drawn from the National Student Physical Health Survey in 2014 with an average age of 13.53 ± 2.87 years. MEASUREMENTS Physical measurements and questionnaires were completed, which concluded height, weight, and health-related behaviors (sleep, physical activity, dietary, and screen behavior et al.). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted using Mplus 8.3 and SPSS 26.0 was used for other statistical analysis. RESULTS Three latent classes of health-related behaviors were fitted for each of the education stages. After adjustment for age, gender, and region, the high-screen behavior group were 2.217 (95%CI = 1.030-4.772, p = .042) times more likely to be obesity than the health-behavior group in primary school, and the poor-diet group and poor-diet and high-screen behavior group were 2.101 (95%CI = 1.396-3.396, p < .001) and 1.788 (95%CI = 1.003-3.190, p = .049) times more likely to be overweight than the health-behavior group in junior middle school respectively. CONCLUSION Obesity is mainly influenced by screen behavior and dietary patterns among children and adolescents. Health-related behavior patterns should be accurately identified and comprehensive joint interventions should be carried out to prevent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjing Ban
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Xi
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Mahmoud M, Ballouz T, Lahoud C, Adnan J, Habib PA, Saab R, Farhat H, Hussein ME, Rizk N. Late presentations and missed opportunities among newly diagnosed HIV patients presenting to a specialty clinic in Lebanon. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8296. [PMID: 38594292 PMCID: PMC11004126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Late presentation to medical care of individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is linked to poor outcomes and increased morbidity and mortality. Missed opportunities for a prompt diagnosis are frequently reported among late presenters. We aimed to estimate the proportion of late presenters and missed opportunities in diagnosis among newly diagnosed HIV-positive subjects presenting to a specialty clinic in Lebanon. This is a retrospective chart review of all newly diagnosed adult HIV-positive subjects presenting to clinic from 2012 to 2022. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were collected at initial HIV diagnosis or presentation to medical care. We defined late presentation as having a CD4 count < 350 or AIDS-defining event regardless of CD4 count. Advanced disease is defined as having a CD4 count below 200 cells/μL or the presence of an AIDS-defining illness, regardless of the CD4 count. A missed opportunity was defined as the presence of an indicator condition (IC) that suggests infection with HIV/AIDS during 3 years preceding the actual HIV diagnosis and not followed by a recommendation for HIV testing. The proportions for demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics are calculated by excluding cases with missing information from the denominator. Our cohort included 150 subjects (92.7% males; 63.6% men who have sex with men (MSM); 33.3% heterosexuals; median age 30.5 years at diagnosis). 77 (51.3%) were late presenters and 53 (35.3% of all subjects, 68.8% of late presenters) had advanced HIV on presentation. Up to 76.5% of late presenters had a presentation with an HIV-related condition at a healthcare provider without getting HIV test within the previous 3 years. The most frequent ICs were weight loss, generalized lymphadenopathy, constitutional symptoms, and chronic idiopathic diarrhea. Overall mortality rate was 4% (6/150 individuals). All-cause mortality among those who presented with AIDS was 15.4% (6/39 subjects). In our setting, late presentations and missed opportunities for HIV diagnosis are common. In the Middle East, AIDS mortality remains high with a large gap in HIV testing. To effectively influence policies, comprehensive analyses should focus on estimating the preventable health and financial burdens of late HIV presentations. Another concern pertains to healthcare providers' attitudes and competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Mahmoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Tala Ballouz
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chloe Lahoud
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jana Adnan
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Paola Abi Habib
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Reem Saab
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Haya Farhat
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad El Hussein
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nesrine Rizk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
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Petrac L, Gvozdanovic K, Perkovic V, Petek Zugaj N, Ljubicic N. Antibiotics Prescribing Pattern and Quality of Prescribing in Croatian Dental Practices-5-Year National Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:345. [PMID: 38667021 PMCID: PMC11047605 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health today. The aim of this study was to analyze antibiotic prescribing patterns and quality of prescribing in Croatian dental practices over a 5-year period. METHODS This is a retrospective observational study based on the analysis of the electronic prescriptions (medicines in ATC groups J01 and P01) from dental practices in Croatia prescribed from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. Prescriptions were retrieved from the Croatian Health Insurance Fund (HZZO). The analyses included the number of prescriptions, type and quantity of prescribed drugs, indication, and the patient's and prescriber's characteristics. RESULTS The consumption increased from 1.98 DID in 2015, to 2.10 DID in 2019. The most prescribed antibiotic was Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid followed by Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, Metronidazole and Cefalexin. The analyses showed that 29.79% of antibiotics were not prescribed in accordance with the contemporary guidelines for the proper use of antibiotics. Additionally, 22% of antibiotics were prescribed in inconclusive indications. CONCLUSION The research showed an increase in antibiotic consumption over five years along with unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics in cases with no indications for its use. The development of national guidelines for antibiotic use is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Petrac
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Vjera Perkovic
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Neven Ljubicic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Sisters of Mercy, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Froldi G. View on Metformin: Antidiabetic and Pleiotropic Effects, Pharmacokinetics, Side Effects, and Sex-Related Differences. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:478. [PMID: 38675438 PMCID: PMC11054066 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a synthetic biguanide used as an antidiabetic drug in type 2 diabetes mellitus, achieved by studying the bioactive metabolites of Galega officinalis L. It is also used off-label for various other diseases, such as subclinical diabetes, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc. In addition, metformin is proposed as an add-on therapy for several conditions, including autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Although metformin has been used for many decades, it is still the subject of many pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies in light of its extensive use. Metformin acts at the mitochondrial level by inhibiting the respiratory chain, thus increasing the AMP/ATP ratio and, subsequently, activating the AMP-activated protein kinase. However, several other mechanisms have been proposed, including binding to presenilin enhancer 2, increasing GLP1 release, and modification of microRNA expression. Regarding its pharmacokinetics, after oral administration, metformin is absorbed, distributed, and eliminated, mainly through the renal route, using transporters for cationic solutes, since it exists as an ionic molecule at physiological pH. In this review, particular consideration has been paid to literature data from the last 10 years, deepening the study of clinical trials inherent to new uses of metformin, the differences in effectiveness and safety observed between the sexes, and the unwanted side effects. For this last objective, metformin safety was also evaluated using both VigiBase and EudraVigilance, respectively, the WHO and European databases of the reported adverse drug reactions, to assess the extent of metformin side effects in real-life use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmina Froldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Çiftçi BT, Aşantoğrol F. Utilization of machine learning models in predicting caries risk groups and oral health-related risk factors in adults. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:430. [PMID: 38589865 PMCID: PMC11000438 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the risk factors that affect oral health in adults and to evaluate the success of different machine learning algorithms in predicting these risk factors. METHODS This study included 2000 patients aged 18 years and older who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, between September and December 2023. In this study, patients completed a 30-item questionnaire designed to assess the factors that affect the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT). Clinical and radiological examinations were performed, and DMFT scores were calculated after completion of the questionnaire. The obtained data were randomly divided into a 75% training group and a 25% test group. The preprocessed dataset was analysed using various machine learning algorithms, including naive Bayes, logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest and Multilayer Perceptron algorithms. Pearson's correlation test was also conducted to assess the correlation between participants' DMFT scores and oral health risk factors. The performance of each algorithm was evaluated to determine the most appropriate algorithm, and model performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score on the test dataset. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was found between various factors and DMFT-based risk groups (p < 0.05), including age, sex, body mass index, tooth brushing frequency, socioeconomic status, employment status, education level, marital status, hypertension, diabetes status, renal disease status, consumption of sugary snacks, dry mouth status and screen time. When considering machine learning algorithms for risk group assessments, the Multilayer Perceptron model demonstrated the highest level of success, achieving an accuracy of 95.8%, an F1-score of 96%, and precision and recall rates of 96%. CONCLUSIONS Caries risk assessment using a simple questionnaire can identify individuals at risk of dental caries, determine the key risk factors, provide information to help reduce the risk of dental caries over time and ensure follow-up. In addition, it is extremely important to apply effective preventive treatments and to prevent the general health problems that are caused by the deterioration of oral health. The results of this study show the potential of machine learning algorithms for predicting caries risk groups, and these algorithms are promising for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Tunahan Çiftçi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye, 27310
| | - Firdevs Aşantoğrol
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye, 27310.
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Calabro R, Kemps E, Prichard I, Tiggemann M. Effects of traffic light labelling and increased healthy range on beverage choices from vending machines. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e113. [PMID: 38587000 PMCID: PMC11036432 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether traffic light labels and an increased range of healthy beverages, individually and in combination, can increase healthy beverage choices from vending machines. DESIGN Two studies (n 558, 420) tested whether the provision of traffic light labels (green, amber and red) and an increased range of healthy beverages (from 20 % to 50 % green options), individually and in combination, could increase healthy beverage choices from a digital vending machine display. The studies used a between-subjects experimental design, and a hypothetical beverage choice, a limitation when considering real-world applicability. SETTING Both studies utilised an online Qualtrics survey that featured a digital vending machine display. PARTICIPANTS Both studies (n 558, 420) consisted of university students from Flinders University and individuals from a survey recruitment service. RESULTS Featuring traffic lights did not significantly influence beverage choices (P = 0·074), while increasing the healthy range (P = 0·003, OR = 3·27), and the combination of both, did significantly increase healthier beverage choices (P < 0·001, OR = 4·83). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the traffic light system and increased healthy range are not maximally effective when used on their own, and benefit greatly when combined, to increase healthy beverage choices. It was suggested that the provision of traffic light labels supplied the necessary nutritional information, and the increased healthy range offered greater opportunity to act in accordance with that information. In so doing, the present findings offer a promising pathway for reducing unhealthy beverage consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Calabro
- Psychology, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA5001, Australia
| | - Eva Kemps
- Psychology, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA5001, Australia
| | - Ivanka Prichard
- Health & Exercise Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Marika Tiggemann
- Psychology, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA5001, Australia
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Hoebel J, Nowossadeck E, Michalski N, Baumert J, Wachtler B, Tetzlaff F. [Socioeconomic deprivation and premature mortality in Germany, 1998-2021 : An ecological study with what-if scenarios of inequality reduction]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024:10.1007/s00103-024-03862-0. [PMID: 38587641 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-024-03862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Earlier mortality in socioeconomically disadvantaged population groups represents an extreme manifestation of health inequity. This study examines the extent, time trends, and mitigation potentials of area-level socioeconomic inequalities in premature mortality in Germany. METHODS Nationwide data from official cause-of-death statistics were linked at the district level with official population data and the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD). Age-standardized mortality rates before the age of 75 were calculated stratified by sex and deprivation quintile. A what-if analysis with counterfactual scenarios was applied to calculate how much lower premature mortality would be overall if socioeconomic mortality inequalities were reduced. RESULTS Men and women in the highest deprivation quintile had a 43% and 33% higher risk of premature death, respectively, than those in the lowest deprivation quintile of the same age. Higher mortality rates with increasing deprivation were found for cardiovascular and cancer mortality, but also for other causes of death. Socioeconomic mortality inequalities had started to increase before the COVID-19 pandemic and further exacerbated in the first years of the pandemic. If all regions had the same mortality rate as those in the lowest deprivation quintile, premature mortality would be 13% lower overall. DISCUSSION The widening gap in premature mortality between deprived and affluent regions emphasizes that creating equivalent living conditions across Germany is also an important field of action for reducing health inequity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hoebel
- Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Enno Nowossadeck
- Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Niels Michalski
- Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Jens Baumert
- Fachgebiet Körperliche Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Benjamin Wachtler
- Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Fabian Tetzlaff
- Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
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Mojtabai R. Problematic social media use and psychological symptoms in adolescents. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s00127-024-02657-7. [PMID: 38584201 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined time trends in significant child and adolescent psychological symptoms and explored the association of frequent and problematic social media use with these symptoms. METHODS Time trends in psychological symptoms were assessed using data from five waves of the international survey of Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC), conducted between 2001 and 2018 (N = 1,036,869). The associations of frequent and problematic social media use with significant psychological symptoms were assessed by hierarchical multinomial logistic regression using data from 2001-2002 and the 2017-2018 survey waves. The direction of effect between social media use variables and psychological symptoms was explored using Linear Non-Gaussian Acyclic Models (LiNGAM). RESULTS Prevalence of more severe psychological symptoms increased from 6.7% in 2001-2002 to 10.4% in the 2017-2018 survey waves. The increase was especially large among 15-year old and older girls: from 10.9 to 19.1%. The higher prevalence of more severe psychological symptoms in 2017-2018 compared with 2001-2002 was eliminated after adjusting the model for problematic social media use. LiNGAM analysis supported the direction of effect going from social media use and problematic social media use to psychological symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that frequent and problematic use of social media contribute to the increasing trend of psychological symptoms in adolescents in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Mojtabai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1000, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Van Laer S, Fiľakovská Bobáková D, Kolarcik P, Engel O, Madarasová Gecková A, Reijneveld SA, de Kroon MLA. Parenting by mothers from marginalized communities and the role of socioeconomic disadvantage: insights from marginalized Roma communities in Slovakia. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1362179. [PMID: 38646114 PMCID: PMC11026858 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1362179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Roma living in marginalized communities often face poor living conditions and material deprivation, which may negatively impact parenting. Our aim is to compare the parenting behavior (support, harsh discipline, and stimulation) of mothers from marginalized Roma communities and the majority population in Slovakia. We also examine the role of socioeconomic disadvantage and related worries in the differences in parenting behavior between these groups. Methods We obtained cross-sectional data from mothers of children aged 14-18 months using the first wave of the longitudinal RomaREACH study dataset. Two groups were included in the sample: 93 mothers from MRCs and 102 mothers from the majority. We performed multiple regression and mediation analyses to assess whether the educational level of mothers, the degree of poverty, and poverty-related feelings of stress and worries explain parenting behavior differences between the groups of mothers. Results We found significant differences in parenting, especially in harsh disciplining and stimulation. These two domains were significantly associated with maternal education, degree of poverty, and poverty-related stress and worries. The degree of poverty partially mediated stimulation differences between the two groups of mothers. Conclusion Parenting in MRCs seems harsher and less stimulative than parenting in the Slovak majority. These differences are associated with the socioeconomic disadvantage of mothers. The degree of poverty partially explains why parenting in MRCs is less stimulative. These results may inform intervention efforts aimed at disadvantaged families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Van Laer
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Fiľakovská Bobáková
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Peter Kolarcik
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ofer Engel
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Madarasová Gecková
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marlou L. A. de Kroon
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Environment and Health, Youth Health Care, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Polyakova M, Egiazaryan A, Doroshina V, Zaytsev A, Malashin A, Babina K, Novozhilova N. The Effect of Oral Care Foams and a Spray on Salivary pH Changes after Exposure to Acidic Beverages in Young Adults. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:93. [PMID: 38668005 PMCID: PMC11049306 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft drinks may have a deleterious effect on dental health due to a high titratable acidity and a low pH that could be sufficient to induce tooth demineralization. The use of oral care products immediately after acidic challenge may diminish the erosive potential of soft drinks. We assessed the effect of oral care foams and a spray on salivary pH changes after exposure to Coca-Cola® in young adults. Thirty-three consenting eligible patients were recruited in this double-blind, randomized, crossover study performed in six visits. Baseline examination included unstimulated salivary flow rate, stimulated salivary buffer capacity, and the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) assessment. Salivary pH and time for pH recovery were registered after exposure to Coca-Cola® alone or that followed by the application of each of the studied products (an oral foam containing hydroxyapatite and probiotics, an oral foam containing amino fluoride, an alkaline oral spray, and tap water). Thirty-two patients completed the entire study protocol and were included in the final analysis. The mean minimum salivary pH and the mean oral clearance rate after rinsing with Coca-Cola® were 6.3 and 27 min, respectively. Further rinsing with any one of the tested solutions, including tap water, resulted in a significant improvement in these parameters. When the pH curves were plotted, the oral care products demonstrated a lower area under the curve that differed significantly from the area under the curve for Coca-Cola®; tap water did not differ significantly from Coca-Cola® and oral care products. Minimum salivary pH correlated positively with salivary buffer capacity and salivation rate, while salivary clearance correlated with OHI-S plaque scores. In conclusion, the effect of oral care foams and a spray on minimum salivary pH and salivary clearance after exposure to Coca-Cola® did not differ significantly among the tested products and tap water. Trial registration NCT06148662. Funding: none.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Polyakova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
| | - Anna Egiazaryan
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
| | - Vladlena Doroshina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
| | - Alexandr Zaytsev
- Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Ksenia Babina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
| | - Nina Novozhilova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
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Ngo O, Chloupková R, Cibula D, Sláma J, Mandelová L, Hejduk K, Hajdúch M, Minka P, Koudeláková V, Jaworek H, Trnková M, Vaněk P, Dvořák V, Dušek L, Májek O. Direct mailing of HPV self-sampling kits to women aged 50-65 non-participating in cervical screening in the Czech Republic. Eur J Public Health 2024; 34:361-367. [PMID: 38224266 PMCID: PMC10990530 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A population-based cervical cancer screening programme is implemented in the Czech Republic. However, participation is insufficient among women over 50 years. This study aimed to estimate the potential improvement in participation through directly mailed HPV self-sampling kits (HPVssk) compared with standard invitation letters in women aged 50-65 non-participating in screening. METHODS The study recruited 1564 eligible women (no cervical cancer screening in the last 3 years or more, no previous treatment associated with cervical lesions or cervical cancer). Eight hundred women were mailed with an HPVssk (HPVssk group), and 764 women were sent a standard invitation letter (control group) inviting them to a routine screening (Pap test). The primary outcome was a comparison of the overall participation rate between study groups using a binominal regression model. RESULTS The participation rate in the HPVssk group was 13.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 11.2-15.9%; 7.4% of women returned the HPVssk and 6.0% attended gynaecological examination] and 5.0% (95% CI 3.6-6.8%) in the control group. Using the binominal regression model, the difference between the groups was estimated as 7.6% (95% CI 5.0-10.2%; P < 0.001). In the HPVssk group, 22% of women who returned HPVssk had a positive result and 70% of them underwent a follow-up examination. CONCLUSIONS Compared with traditional invitation letters, the direct mailing of the HPVssk achieved a significantly higher participation rate, along with a notable HPV positivity rate among HPVssk responders. This approach offers a potentially viable method for engaging women who have not yet attended a cervical screening programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Ngo
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Chloupková
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Cibula
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Sláma
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Mandelová
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Hejduk
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marián Hajdúch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Minka
- RBP, Health Insurance Company, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimíra Koudeláková
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Jaworek
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Peter Vaněk
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Dvořák
- Centre of Outpatient Gynaecology and Primary Care, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Dušek
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Májek
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Ricci Conesa H, Skröder H, Norton N, Bencina G, Tsoumani E. Clinical and economic burden of acute otitis media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in European children, after widespread use of PCVs-A systematic literature review of published evidence. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297098. [PMID: 38564583 PMCID: PMC10986968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood disease frequently caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7, PCV10, PCV13) can reduce the risk of AOM but may also shift AOM etiology and serotype distribution. The aim of this study was to review estimates from published literature of the burden of AOM in Europe after widespread use of PCVs over the past 10 years, focusing on incidence, etiology, serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae, and economic burden. METHODS This systematic review included published literature from 31 European countries, for children aged ≤5 years, published after 2011. Searches were conducted using PubMed, Embase, Google, and three disease conference websites. Risk of bias was assessed with ISPOR-AMCP-NPC, ECOBIAS or ROBIS, depending on the type of study. RESULTS In total, 107 relevant records were identified, which revealed wide variation in study methodology and reporting, thus limiting comparisons across outcomes. No homogenous trends were identified in incidence rates across countries, or in detection of S. pneumoniae as a cause of AOM over time. There were indications of a reduction in hospitalization rates (decreases between 24.5-38.8% points, depending on country, PCV type and time since PCV introduction) and antibiotic resistance (decreases between 14-24%, depending on country), following the widespread use of PCVs over time. The last two trends imply a potential decrease in economic burden, though this was not possible to confirm with the identified cost data. There was also evidence of an increase in serotype distributions towards non-vaccine serotypes in all of the countries where non-PCV serotype data were available, as well as limited data of increased antibiotic resistance within non-vaccine serotypes. CONCLUSIONS Though some factors point to a reduction in AOM burden in Europe, the burden still remains high, residual burden from uncovered serotypes is present and it is difficult to provide comprehensive, accurate and up-to-date estimates of said burden from the published literature. This could be improved by standardised methodology, reporting and wider use of surveillance systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Goran Bencina
- Center for Observational and Real-World Evidence, MSD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eleana Tsoumani
- Center for Observational and Real-World Evidence, MSD, Athens, Greece
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Voutilainen T, Keski-Nisula L, Rysä J, Kärkkäinen O. Parental cigarette smoking before and during pregnancy in a cohort of 21 472 pregnancies. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:543-555. [PMID: 38378277 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Smoking during pregnancy is one of the leading causes for adverse pregnancy outcomes. We studied parental smoking both before and during pregnancy in a retrospective cohort of 21 472 singleton pregnancies. Although most smoking women (74%) ceased tobacco use, there was possible gestational exposure to maternal cigarette smoking in every fifth pregnancy. Continued smoking throughout pregnancy was more prevalent in the partners (22%) than in the pregnant women (7%). The smoking behaviour of the women, especially the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD), before and in early pregnancy predicted the continuation of smoking throughout the pregnancy and could be used in identifying high risk groups. In addition, their partner's smoking habits both before and during pregnancy, were associated with the likelihood that the woman would continue to smoke during her pregnancy (rs ≈ 0.4). Furthermore, continued smoking of both parents were associated with decreased birth weight, head circumference and Apgar score, and increased duration of hospital stay and need for special care after birth. Consequently, addressing the lifestyles of both parents in the health care and maternity clinics could help in reducing maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and the adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taija Voutilainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leea Keski-Nisula
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana Rysä
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Kulhánová I, Lustigová M, Drbohlav D, Leontiyeva Y, Dzúrová D. Determinants of self-rated health among highly educated Ukrainian women refugees in Czechia: analysis based on cross-sectional study in 2022. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:206. [PMID: 38561703 PMCID: PMC10985999 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Russia's military aggression against Ukraine set in motion a large number of refugees. Considerable amount of them came and stayed in Czechia. Refugees represent special vulnerable individuals often affected by war physically and psychologically. Due to the national regulations not allowing most of Ukrainian men aged 18-60 to leave the country, nowadays Ukrainian forced migration is relatively young and strongly gendered. Evidence suggests the higher probability for searching the safe refuge abroad among Ukrainian women with small children as well as those with relatively higher economic and cultural capital. The aim of this study is to identify the structural features of systemic risks associated with war migration by examining determinants of self-rated health among forcibly displaced highly educated Ukrainian women of productive age residing in Czechia. METHODS Data from one wave of the panel survey among Ukrainian refugees in Czechia conducted in September 2022 was used. Determinants of self-rated health including self-reported diseases and healthcare factors, lifestyle, human and social capital, economic factors, and migration characteristics were analysed using binary logistic regression. RESULTS About 45% highly educated Ukrainian women refugees in Czechia assessed their health as poor. The poor self-rated health was mostly associated with the number of diseases and depressive symptoms, and by social capital and economic factors. Having four and more diseases (OR = 13.26; 95%-CI: 5.61-31.35), showing some severe depressive symptoms (OR = 7.20; 95%-CI: 3.95-13.13), experiencing difficulties to seek help from others (OR = 2.25; 95%-CI: 1.20-4.23), living alone in a household (OR = 2.67; 95%-CI: 1.37-5.27), having severe material deprivation (OR = 2.70; 95%-CI: 1.35-5.41) and coming originally from the eastern part of Ukraine (OR = 2.96; 95%-CI: 1.34-6.55) increased the chance of these refugees to assess their health as poor. CONCLUSION Social and economic determinants such as lack of social contacts for seeking help and material deprivation were found to be crucial for self-rated health and should be tackled via migration policies. Further, qualitative research is needed to better understand the mechanisms behind the factors affecting subjectively assessed health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Kulhánová
- Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague, 128 00, Czechia.
- Department of Demography and Geodemography, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
| | - Michala Lustigová
- Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague, 128 00, Czechia
| | - Dušan Drbohlav
- Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague, 128 00, Czechia
| | - Yana Leontiyeva
- Czech Social Science Data Archive, Institute of Sociology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Dagmar Dzúrová
- Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague, 128 00, Czechia
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El Ansari W, Savira M, Atmoko W, Shah R, Boitrelle F, Agarwal A. The Global Andrology Forum (GAF): Structure, Roles, Functioning and Outcomes: An Online Model for Collaborative Research. World J Mens Health 2024; 42:415-428. [PMID: 37635335 PMCID: PMC10949020 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.230101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There are no published examples of a global online research collaborative in andrology. We describe the development, profile and member characteristics of the first consortium of this type, the Global Andrology Forum (GAF). MATERIALS AND METHODS An online survey sent to all GAF members collected demographic information (sex, age, experience, academic title, degrees, country, specialty, profession). It also tapped data on members' characteristics e.g., skills in research, software and statistics; preferred activities; time commitments; expected roles; and interest in participating in research, in GAF's scientific activities and collaborative online research. The findings were analyzed and tabulated. We outline members' demographic and professional characteristics and scientific achievements to date. A narrative approach outlined GAF's structure and functioning. RESULTS A total of 418 out of 540 members completed the survey and were included in the analysis (77.4% response rate). The sample comprised mainly urologists (34.2%) and a third of the respondents had practiced for >15 years (33.3%). Up to 86.1% of the members expressed interest in being actively engaged in writing scientific articles. A third of the sample (37.1%) could dedicate 4 to 6 hours/week. Few respondents reported skills in statistics and artwork (2.6% and 1.9% respectively). Members were assigned to specific roles based on their expertise and experiences. Collaborative working ensured the timely completion of projects while maintaining quality. For outcomes, GAF published 29 original articles within one year of its creation, with authors from 48 countries spanning topics that included varicocele, sperm DNA damage, oxidative stress, semen analysis and male infertility, oocyte/embryo, and laboratory issues of assisted reproductive technique (ART) and male infertility evaluation. CONCLUSIONS GAF is a successful global online andrology research model. A healthy number of scientific articles have been published. Given such effectiveness, adopting the GAF model could be useful for other disciplines that wish to create and coordinate successful international online research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid El Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Postgraduate Medical Education, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Missy Savira
- Department of Urology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Global Andrology Forum, Moreland Hills, OH, USA
| | - Widi Atmoko
- Department of Urology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Global Andrology Forum, Moreland Hills, OH, USA
| | - Rupin Shah
- Global Andrology Forum, Moreland Hills, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Florence Boitrelle
- Global Andrology Forum, Moreland Hills, OH, USA
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France
- Department of Biology, Reproduction, Epigenetics, Environment and Development, Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- Global Andrology Forum, Moreland Hills, OH, USA
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Radmanić L, Šimičić P, Bodulić K, Vince A, Zidovec-Lepej S. Antiviral treatment significantly reduces the levels of CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 in chronic hepatitis C. Cytokine 2024; 176:156529. [PMID: 38335772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to elucidate the changes in the immune response during antiviral treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C, with an emphasis on the chemokine dynamics and their association with liver fibrosis. Serum concentrations of 12 chemokines. (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL11, CCL17, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11) were measured in 32 patients with chronic hepatitis C before direct-acting antiviral treatment and after sustained virological response using bead-based flow cytometry. Chemokine levels were also measured in 14 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals. Concentrations of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 and CCL20 were significantly higher in chronic hepatitis C patients before direct-acting antiviral treatment compared to healthy individuals. We also observed a significant reduction in CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 levels after sustained virological response. Furthermore, we demonstrated a strong positive correlation between CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 levels before antiviral treatment. When considering liver fibrosis, we found significantly higher levels of CXCL10 and lower levels of CCL17 and CXCL5 in pre-treatment patients with severe fibrosis. None of the analysed chemokines were able to predict METAVIR fibrosis score reduction after sustained virological response. The results of this study emphasize the importance of proinflammatory pathways in liver fibrosis immunopathology during chronic hepatitis C. Finally, our results also characterized CXCL10 as the chemokine which most accurately distinguished pre-treatment CHC patients and healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Radmanić
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, "Dr. Fran Mihaljević", HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Šimičić
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, "Dr. Fran Mihaljević", HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristian Bodulić
- Research Department, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, "Dr. Fran Mihaljević", HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Adriana Vince
- Department of Viral Hepatitis, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, "Dr. Fran Mihaljević", HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snjezana Zidovec-Lepej
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, "Dr. Fran Mihaljević", HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Vempuluru VS, Maniar A, Kaliki S. Global retinoblastoma studies: A review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 52:334-354. [PMID: 38263682 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
In the current era of global health awareness for retinoblastoma (RB), the challenge that lies ahead of us is providing optimal care for children affected with RB in underdeveloped nations. The understanding of similarities and disparities between various nations across the world aids in achieving comparable outcomes. With dissolving geographic barriers and evolving collaboration, global collaborative studies on RB are becoming increasingly common. They provide real-world, robust evidence on several aspects of RB. This review discusses insights gained from global RB studies regarding the demographics, certain aspects of etiopathogenesis and epidemiology, international travel burden, disparities in clinical presentations based on national income levels, management protocols, pathology, treatment outcomes, and the effect of COVID-19 on RB care across the world. These insights are likely to impact individual practice as well as inform policy reforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijitha S Vempuluru
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arpita Maniar
- Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Swathi Kaliki
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Amani Room S, Huang KT, Pan SY, Chen PJ, Hsu YC, Chi KH. Health assessment of emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in PM 2.5 in northern and central Taiwan. Chemosphere 2024; 353:141573. [PMID: 38428532 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, Taiwan has effectively diminished atmospheric concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) through the adept utilization of advanced technologies and the implementation of air pollution control devices. Despite this success, there exists a dearth of data regarding the levels of other PM2.5-bound organic pollutants and their associated health risks. To address this gap, our study comprehensively investigates the spatial and seasonal variations, potential sources, and health risks of PCDD/Fs, Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and Polychlorinated naphthalene (PCNs) in Northern and Central Taiwan. Sampling collections were conducted at three specific locations, including six municipal waste incinerators in Northern Taiwan, as well as a traffic and an industrial site in Central Taiwan. As a result, the highest mean values of PM2.5 (20.3-39.6 μg/m3) were observed at traffic sites, followed by industrial sites (14.4-39.3 μg/m3), and the vicinity of the municipal waste incinerator (12.4-29.4 μg/m3). Additionally, PCDD/Fs and PCBs exhibited discernible seasonal fluctuations, displaying higher concentrations in winter (7.53-11.9 and 0.09-0.12 fg I-TEQWHO/m3) and spring (7.02-13.7 and 0.11-0.16 fg I-TEQWHO/m3) compared to summer and autumn. Conversely, PCNs displayed no significant seasonal variations, with peak values observed in winter (0.05-0.10 fg I-TEQWHO/m3) and spring (0.03-0.08 fg I-TEQWHO/m3). Utilizing a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, sintering plants emerged as the predominant contributors to PCDD/Fs, constituting 77.9% of emissions. Woodchip boilers (68.3%) and municipal waste incinerators (21.0%) were identified as primary contributors to PCBs, while municipal waste incinerators (64.6%) along with a secondary copper and a copper sludge smelter (22.1%) were the principal sources of PCNs. Moreover, the study specified that individuals aged 19-70 in Northern Taiwan and those under the age of 12 years in Central Taiwan were found to have a significantly higher cancer risk, with values ranging from 9.26 x 10-9-1.12 x 10-7 and from 2.50 x 10-8-2.08 x 10-7respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzada Amani Room
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Kai Ting Huang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Shih Yu Pan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Po Jui Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yuam-Cheng Hsu
- National Environmental Research Academy, Ministry of Environment, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan
| | - Kai Hsien Chi
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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Luque V, Crespo-Escobar P, Hård Af Segerstad EM, Koltai T, Norsa L, Roman E, Vreugdenhil A, Fueyo-Díaz R, Ribes-Koninckx C. Gluten-free diet for pediatric patients with coeliac disease: A position paper from the ESPGHAN gastroenterology committee, special interest group in coeliac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 78:973-995. [PMID: 38291739 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Coeliac disease is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder for which the only treatment consists of lifelong strict adherence to gluten-free diet (GFD). However, there is a lack of evidence-based guidelines on the GFD dietary management of coeliac disease. This position paper, led by the Special Interest Group in coeliac disease of the European Society of Pediatric, Gastroenterology Hepatology, and Nutrition, supported by the Nutrition Committee and the Allied Health Professionals Committee, aims to present evidence-based recommendations on the GFD as well as how to support dietary adherence. METHODS A wide literature search was performed using the MeSH Terms: "diet, gluten free," "gluten-free diet," "diets, gluten-free," "gluten free diet," and "coeliac disease" in Pubmed until November 8th, 2022. RESULTS The manuscript provides an overview of the definition of the GFD, regulations as basis to define the term "gluten-free," which foods are naturally gluten-free and gluten-containing. Moreover, it provides recommendations and educational tips and infographics on suitable food substitutes, the importance of reading food labels, risk of gluten cross-contact at home and in public settings, nutritional considerations as well as factors associated to dietary adherence based on available evidence, or otherwise clinical expertise. CONCLUSIONS This position paper provides guidance and recommendations to support children with coeliac disease to safely adhere to a GFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Luque
- Serra Húnter, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Paediatric Nutrition and Development Research Unit, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Paula Crespo-Escobar
- Health Sciences Department, ADVISE Research Group, Miguel de Cervantes European University, Valladolid, Spain
- Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Hospital Recoletas Campo Grande, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elin M Hård Af Segerstad
- Paediatric Department, Skane University Hospital, Malmoe, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Celiac Disease and Diabetes Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmoe, Sweden
| | - Tunde Koltai
- Direction Board, Association of European Coeliac Societies, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Norsa
- Paediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Enriqueta Roman
- Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Anita Vreugdenhil
- Department of Pediatrics, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo Fueyo-Díaz
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Aragonese Primary Care Research Group (GAIAP, B21_20R), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carmen Ribes-Koninckx
- Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, La Fe University Hospital & La Fe Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
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Heinz FX. Development of a highly purified tick-borne encephalitis vaccine : A personal historical account. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2024; 136:215-219. [PMID: 37391599 PMCID: PMC11006719 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-023-02240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Before the advent of a vaccine, infections with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus in Austria led to the hospitalization of several hundred and, due to underreporting, possibly more than thousand patients with severe neurological disease every year. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, this country had the highest recorded morbidity of TBE in Europe, but similar endemic risk areas exist in many other European countries as well as Central and Eastern Asia. In this article, I describe my personal recollections of the development of a highly purified TBE vaccine in the late 1970s, to which I contributed as a young post-doctoral scientist mentored by Christian Kunz (then director of the Institute of Virology at the Medical Faculty, University of Vienna) in a collaboration with the Austrian biopharmaceutical company Immuno. Low reactogenicity of the newly developed vaccine was a prerequisite for mass vaccination campaigns in Austria that started in the early 1980s. Because of its excellent immunogenicity, broad application of the highly purified vaccine paved the way for a dramatic reduction of the incidence of TBE in Austria, which is outstanding in Europe and referred to as an Austrian success story of immunoprophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz X Heinz
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Rost K, Gossmann E, Fegert JM, Ziegenhain U, Köhler-Dauner F. Long-term consequences of childhood emotional abuse in mothers on parental load and child mental health. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 244:104169. [PMID: 38341882 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood emotional maltreatment can be associated with long-term consequences on mental health. In addition, transgenerational transmission of adverse childhood experiences to the next generation can occur and thus have an impact on the mental health of one's own children. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the role of stress on the association between childhood emotional maltreatment and parental load what is referred to in this study as limitations in parental functioning that affect the resources available to parents to cope with the demands of raising, caring for, and providing for their child. Furthermore the effect of parental load on the mental health of one's own children will be examined. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING N = 237 mother-child dyads (age mother M = 33.76, SD = 4.07 years; age child M = 11.91 months, SD = 0.89 months) from a longitudinal cohort study were examined at two different measuring points. METHODS Emotional abuse, perceived stress, parental load and child mental health were assessed using self and external report questionnaires. RESULTS The calculation of a mediation showed that the association of emotional abuse and parental load was completely mediated by perceived stress (indirect effect ab = 0.44, 95 %-CI[0.17, 0.78]). In addition, effects of parental load on the child's mental health (β = 0.13, 95%CI [0.07;0.20]), mainly hyperactivity (β = 0.06, 95%CI [0.03;0.11]) and prosocial behavior (β = -0.04, 95%CI [-0.07; -0.01]), were evident. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide evidence that the mental health of children can be influenced in the long term by increased parental load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Rost
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Emily Gossmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jörg M Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ute Ziegenhain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Makaruk H, Webster EK, Porter J, Makaruk B, Bodasińska A, Zieliński J, Tomaszewski P, Nogal M, Szyszka P, Starzak M, Śliwa M, Banaś M, Biegajło M, Chaliburda A, Gierczuk D, Suchecki B, Molik B, Sadowski J. The fundamental motor skill proficiency among Polish primary school-aged children: A nationally representative surveillance study. J Sci Med Sport 2024; 27:243-249. [PMID: 38171985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES With the premise that physical education classes should promote physical activity by teaching and learning fundamental motor skills, this study aimed to evaluate the fundamental motor skill proficiency of primary school students and determine the level of achievement of established learning outcomes for fundamental motor skills, as specified in the Polish National Physical Education Curriculum. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional design was used for this study. The sample consisted of 2605 children and adolescents enrolled in grades 1-3 (ages 7-9, n = 1165), 4-6 (ages 10-12, n = 837), and 7-8 (ages 13-14, n = 603), including 1353 boys and 1252 girls. The Fundamental Motor Skills in Sport test, a qualitative and process-oriented assessment tool, was used to evaluate fundamental motor skills. The Fundamental Motor Skills in Sport test evaluates the following movement skills: hurdles, jumping rope, forward roll, ball bouncing, ball throwing and catching, and kicking and stopping a ball. RESULTS The desired level of overall fundamental motor skill proficiency was achieved by only 2 % of students. An elementary level of fundamental motor skill proficiency was demonstrated by an additional 3.5 % of students. Further, the results showed that only 10-30 % of students had achieved mastery or were close to achieving mastery in a given fundamental motor skill. The skill with the lowest level of proficiency was jumping rope, which only 11 % of students had mastered or were near to mastering. CONCLUSIONS The present study of a large, nationally representative sample of primary school students in Poland indicates that the vast majority (approximately 94 %) of them demonstrated insufficient fundamental motor skill proficiency. This may greatly hinder effective, safe, and healthy participation in lifelong physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Makaruk
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland.
| | - E Kipling Webster
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, USA
| | - Jared Porter
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, USA
| | - Beata Makaruk
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bodasińska
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Zieliński
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Tomaszewski
- Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Nogal
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Szyszka
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Starzak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Śliwa
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Banaś
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Biegajło
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Chaliburda
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Gierczuk
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogusz Suchecki
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Molik
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sadowski
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
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Neta ADCPDA, Farias Júnior JCD, Ferreira FELDL, Aznar LAM, Marchioni DML. Association between sedentary behavior, diet and nutritional status in adolescents: baseline results from the LONCAAFS Study. Cien Saude Colet 2024; 29:e17082022. [PMID: 38655956 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232024294.17082022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between time spent engaged in sedentary behaviors, type of diet, and overweight in adolescents. A cross-sectional study using data from the Longitudinal Study on Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Eating Habits, and Health of Adolescents - LONCAAFS Study. A total of 1,438 adolescents (10 to 14 years old) from public schools in the city of João Pessoa, Brazil, participated in the study. To evaluate the combined effects of excessive time in sedentary behavior and consumption from two food groups: Convenience and Prudent on overweight, we performed multiple logistic regression analyses, adjusted for energy, level of physical activity, sex, and age. Excessive time in sedentary behavior increased the chance of adolescents being overweight by 37% (OR = 1.37; 95%CI: 1.04-1.80). This chance increased to 43% when the adolescents were simultaneously engaged in excessive sedentary behavior and had high consumption of the Convenience food group (OR = 1.43; 95%CI: 1.05-1.94) and increased to 39% on those who engaged in excessive sedentary behavior and had low consumption of foods from the Prudent (OR = 1.39; 95%CI: 1.04-1.84). Excessive sedentary behavior is associated with being overweight and the chance increases with the consumption of convenient foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luis Alberto Moreno Aznar
- Center for Biomedical Research and Physiopathology in Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), University of Zaragoza. Zaragoza Spain
| | - Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni
- Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715. 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brasil.
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Chen YT, Lin TJ, Hung CY. Blood RNA-sequencing analysis in acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity and depressive symptoms in rats. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:2316-2325. [PMID: 38152866 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a by-product of the Maillard reaction, which occurs when food reacts at high temperatures. Occupational exposure is a risk factor for chronic ACR toxicity. ACR may cause neurotoxicity and depressive symptoms with high concentration in the blood; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. We showed the rats developed neurotoxic symptoms after being fed with ACR for 28 days, such as reduced activity and hind limb muscle weakness. We investigated whether ACR exposure causes gene expression differences by blood RNA sequencing and analyzed the differential expression of depressive symptoms-associated genes. The result indicated that IFN-γ the key regulator of neurotoxicity and depressive symptoms was induced by ACR. ACR induced the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway and JAK/STAT pathways gene expression. ACR upregulated the expression of IFN-γ, inducing neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity. ACR also upregulated the expression of JAK2, STAT1, PI3K, AKT, IκBα, UBE2D4, NF-κB, TNF-α, and iNOS in rat brain tissues and Neuro-2a cells. Thus, IFN-γ induction by ACR may induce depressive symptoms, and the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway and JAK/STAT pathways may involve in ACR neurotoxicity and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yng-Tay Chen
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Manique L, Paulo R, Ramalho A, Duarte-Mendes P, Petrica J, Serrano J. Physical fitness in children in Cabo Verde: differences between gender, eutrophic vs. overweight subjects, and practitioners vs. non-practitioners of sports. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2024; 76:217-226. [PMID: 33820413 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.21.06020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few or even rare studies conducted in Cabo Verde (Republic of Cabo Verde) that address the issue of physical fitness and body composition in the juvenile population. This investigation aims to study the physical fitness in children in Cabo Verde: differences between gender, eutrophic, and overweight subjects, between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports. METHODS The sample consisted of 93 individuals aged between 10 and 15 years, from the 2nd and 3rd cycles and secondary school of the Portuguese College based in Cabo Verde. The instruments used for data collection were the FITescola® test battery (Lisboa, Portugal), and the questionnaire Quantification de l'activite physique en altitude chez les enfants (QAPACE) for assessment of physical activity level. Regarding the statistical analysis using the SPSS 23.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), the first analysis was performed to verify the distribution of the sample (Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and Shapiro-Wilk Test). Then, for variables with normal distribution we used the t-test and for the remaining variables with non-normal distribution we used the Mann-Whitney Test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Gender differences were found, in which the male gender obtained more favorable mean values in the "sit-ups," "push-ups," "horizontal impulsion," "shuttle" and "agility" variables, while the females showed superiority in the variables "sit and reach;" differences between the eutrophic and overweight group where, as expected, more favorable mean values for eutrophics than the overweight group in all PF tests. Finally, differences between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports, with the best results being attributed to practitioners of sports. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that male subjects have greater proficiency in strength and aerobic fitness tests while female subjects have greater flexibility. High BMI values in overweight children have been found to be associated with increased abdominal fat as well as a reduction in overall PF. As expected, sports practitioners show better results in motor performance on PF tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Manique
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Rui Paulo
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal -
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Research in Education and Community Intervention (RECI), Almada, Portugal
| | - André Ramalho
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Pedro Duarte-Mendes
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Research in Education and Community Intervention (RECI), Almada, Portugal
| | - João Petrica
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - João Serrano
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
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Papassotiriou I, Riza E, Benetou V, Orfanos P. Mediterranean diet and a health behavior index in relation to cardiovascular biomarkers: Data from the Health and Retirement Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:925-934. [PMID: 38355386 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although lifestyle factors have been repeatedly examined for their role on cardiovascular diseases, their composite effect has not been frequently explored. We aimed to investigate the relation of dietary patterns (DPs) and a health behavior index (HBI) with cardiovascular biomarkers. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional analysis with data from 3461 US residents, participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), was performed. Nutritional data were obtained with a food frequency questionnaire, while adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MD) was determined by the Mediterranean Diet Score. A posteriori DPs were estimated using principal component analysis and the HBI was constructed combining adherence to MD, smoking status, physical activity levels, alcohol consumption and body mass index. Multiple linear regression models were performed to examine the relation between DPs or HBI and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), cystatin C (Cys C), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and TC:HDL in blood. Multiple linear regression showed that the "healthy" DP and the MD had a significant negative association with CRP and Cys C (p < 0.05), while the "Western-type" DP had a significant positive association with TC:HDL ratio, CRP and Cys C. Moreover, the HBI was positively associated with HDL (p < 0.05) and negatively associated with TC:HDL ratio, CRP and Cys C (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to MD and to a healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with biomarkers of inflammation, while the HBI was associated with a better cardiometabolic profile, assessed with blood biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionas Papassotiriou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elena Riza
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Benetou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Brusić J, Grubešić A, Jarić F, Vučković T, Lekić A, Šustić A, Protić A. Use of CPAP Ventilation in Non-ICU Wards May Influence Outcomes in Patients with Severe Respiratory COVID-19. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:582. [PMID: 38674228 PMCID: PMC11052437 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 disease has significantly burdened the healthcare system, including all units of severe patient treatment. Non-intensive care units were established to rationalize the capacity within the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and to create a unit where patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) could be treated with non-invasive Continuous Positive Air Pressure (CPAP) outside the ICU. This unicentric retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy of NIV Treatment in Patients of the fourth pandemic wave and how its application affects the frequency and mortality of ICU-treated patients at University Hospital Rijeka compared to earlier waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the study showcases the effect of the Patient/Nurse ratio (P/N ratio) on overall mortality in the ICU. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on two groups of patients with respiratory insufficiency in the second and third pandemic waves, treated in the COVID Respiratory Centre (CRC) (153 patients). We also reviewed a cohort of patients from the fourth pandemic wave who were initially hospitalized in a COVID-6 non-intensive unit from 1 October 2021 to 1 November 2022 (102 patients), and some of them escalated to CRC. Results: The introduction of the CPAP non-invasive ventilation method as a means of hypoxic respiratory failure treatment in non-intensive care units has decreased the strain, overall number of admissions, and CRC patient mortality. The overall fourth wave mortality was 29.4%, compared to the 58.2% overall mortality of the second and third waves. Conclusions: As a result, this has decreased CRC patient admissions and, by itself, overall mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josip Brusić
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Treatment, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia; (J.B.); (A.P.)
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Viktora Cara Emina 5, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Aron Grubešić
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Filip Jarić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (F.J.); (T.V.)
| | - Tin Vučković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (F.J.); (T.V.)
| | - Andrica Lekić
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Viktora Cara Emina 5, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Alan Šustić
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Treatment, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia; (J.B.); (A.P.)
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Viktora Cara Emina 5, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Tome Strižića 3, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Alen Protić
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Treatment, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia; (J.B.); (A.P.)
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Viktora Cara Emina 5, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Tome Strižića 3, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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