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Di Y, Wasan EK, Cawthray J, Syeda J, Ali M, Cooper DML, Al-Dissi A, Ashjaee N, Cheng W, Johnston J, Weekes DM, Kostelnik TI, Orvig C, Wasan KM. Evaluation of La(XT), a novel lanthanide compound, in an OVX rat model of osteoporosis. Bone Rep 2021; 14:100753. [PMID: 33665236 PMCID: PMC7905442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.100753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a novel lanthanum compound, La(XT), in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. Methods Twenty-four ovariectomized female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups receiving a research diet with/without treatment compounds (alendronate: 3 mg/kg; La(XT) 100 mg/kg) for three months. At the time of sacrifice, the kidney, liver, brain, lung and spleen were collected for histological examination. The trabecular bone structure of the tibiae was evaluated using micro-CT and a three-point metaphyseal mechanical test was used to evaluate bone failure load and stiffness. Results No significant differences were noted in plasma levels of calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between the La(XT) treatment compared to the non-treated OVX group. Alendronate-treated animals (positive control) showed higher BV/TV, Tb.N and lower Tb.Th and Tb.Sp when compared to the non-treated OVX group. Mechanical analysis indicated that stiffness was higher in the alendronate (32.88%, p = 0.04) when compared to the non-treated OVX group. Failure load did not differ among the groups. Conclusions No kidney or liver toxicities of La(XT) treatments were found during the three-month study. The absence of liver and kidney toxicity with drug treatment for 3 months, as well as the increased trabecular bone stiffness are encouraging for the pursuit of further studies with La(XT) for a longer duration of time.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- BMD, bone mineral density
- BV/TV, bone volume fraction
- CRF, chronic renal failure
- Ca2+, calcium
- Cr, creatinine
- HAP, hydroxyapatite
- La(XT)
- La3+, lanthanum
- Lanthanum
- OVX
- OVX, ovariectomized
- Osteoporosis
- SD, Sprague Dawley
- Tb.N, trabecular number
- Tb.Sp, trabecular separation
- Tb.Th, trabecular thickness
- Toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Di
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Ellen K Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Cawthray
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Jaweria Syeda
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Munawar Ali
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - David M L Cooper
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ahmad Al-Dissi
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Nima Ashjaee
- College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Wubin Cheng
- College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - James Johnston
- College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - David M Weekes
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Thomas I Kostelnik
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kishor M Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Kulthong K, Hooiveld GJEJ, Duivenvoorde L, Miro Estruch I, Marin V, van der Zande M, Bouwmeester H. Transcriptome comparisons of in vitro intestinal epithelia grown under static and microfluidic gut-on-chip conditions with in vivo human epithelia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3234. [PMID: 33547413 PMCID: PMC7864925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut-on-chip devices enable exposure of cells to a continuous flow of culture medium, inducing shear stresses and could thus better recapitulate the in vivo human intestinal environment in an in vitro epithelial model compared to static culture methods. We aimed to study if dynamic culture conditions affect the gene expression of Caco-2 cells cultured statically or dynamically in a gut-on-chip device and how these gene expression patterns compared to that of intestinal segments in vivo. For this we applied whole genome transcriptomics. Dynamic culture conditions led to a total of 5927 differentially expressed genes (3280 upregulated and 2647 downregulated genes) compared to static culture conditions. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed upregulated pathways associated with the immune system, signal transduction and cell growth and death, and downregulated pathways associated with drug metabolism, compound digestion and absorption under dynamic culture conditions. Comparison of the in vitro gene expression data with transcriptome profiles of human in vivo duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon tissue samples showed similarities in gene expression profiles with intestinal segments. It is concluded that both the static and the dynamic gut-on-chip model are suitable to study human intestinal epithelial responses as an alternative for animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornphimol Kulthong
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, P.O. box 8000, 6700 EA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Guido J E J Hooiveld
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Loes Duivenvoorde
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Miro Estruch
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, P.O. box 8000, 6700 EA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Marin
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Meike van der Zande
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Bouwmeester
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, P.O. box 8000, 6700 EA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Primec M, Škorjanc D, Langerholc T, Mičetić-Turk D, Gorenjak M. Specific Lactobacillus probiotic strains decrease transepithelial glucose transport through GLUT2 downregulation in intestinal epithelial cell models. Nutr Res 2021; 86:10-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Dexmedetomidine Resists Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling. J Surg Res 2020; 260:350-358. [PMID: 33383282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a common clinical problem that occurs during various clinical pathological processes. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a widely used anesthetic adjuvant agent, can induce protection against intestinal I/R in vivo; however, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of DEX and examine whether its mechanism was associated with the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with DEX and then subjected to I/R-induced intestinal injury. In vivo, intestinal histopathological examination and scoring were performed, the levels of serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), intestinal tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in the intestine were determined. In in vitro experiments, the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) was incubated with DEX before deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment. The cell viability of Caco-2 cells, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), TNF-α, and IL-1β in the supernatant, as well as protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in Caco-2 cells, were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS DEX preconditioning significantly reduced the intestinal pathological Chiu's score, serum I-FABP, intestinal TNF-α, IL-1β levels, and the protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in the rats with intestinal I/R injury. Similarly, in vitro, DEX pretreatment protected against OGD/R-induced Caco-2 cell damage and inhibited TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling, as evidenced by increased cell viability, decreased LDH activity, reduced TNF-α and IL-1β levels, as well as downregulated TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that DEX could reduce intestinal I/R injury in rats and OGD/R damage in Caco-2 cells, and this protection might be attributed to antiinflammatory effects and inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Lammi C, Aiello G, Dellafiora L, Bollati C, Boschin G, Ranaldi G, Ferruzza S, Sambuy Y, Galaverna G, Arnoldi A. Assessment of the Multifunctional Behavior of Lupin Peptide P7 and Its Metabolite Using an Integrated Strategy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13179-13188. [PMID: 32223157 PMCID: PMC7997369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
LTFPGSAED (P7) is a multifunctional hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic lupin peptide. While assessing its angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, it was more effective in intestinal Caco-2 cells (IC50 of 13.7 μM) than in renal HK-2 cells (IC50 of 79.6 μM). This discrepancy was explained by the metabolic transformation mediated by intestinal peptidases, which produced two main detected peptides, TFPGSAED and LTFPG. Indeed LTFPG, dynamically generated by intestinal dipeptidyl peptidase IV as well as its parent peptide P7 were linearly absorbed by mature Caco-2 cells. An in silico study demonstrated that the metabolite was a better ligand of the ACE enzyme than P7. These results are in agreement with an in vivo study, previously performed by Aluko et al., which has shown that LTFPG is an effective hypotensive peptide. Our work highlights the dynamic nature of bioactive food peptides that may be modulated by the metabolic activity of intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Lammi
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Telephone: +39-0250319912. Fax: +39-0250319372. E-mail:
| | - Gilda Aiello
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Dellafiora
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlotta Bollati
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Boschin
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Ranaldi
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council
for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Ferruzza
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council
for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Yula Sambuy
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council
for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Galaverna
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Arnoldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Nano lipid based carriers for lymphatic voyage of anti-cancer drugs: An insight into the in-vitro, ex-vivo, in-situ and in-vivo study models. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Discovery and Preclinical Development of Antigiardiasis Fumagillol Derivatives. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.00582-20. [PMID: 32778548 PMCID: PMC7508583 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00582-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Giardiasis, caused by the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia, is a severe diarrheal disease, endemic in poverty-stricken regions of the world, and also a common infection in developed countries. The available therapeutic options are associated with adverse effects, and G. lamblia resistance to the standard-of-care drugs is spreading. Fumagillin, an antimicrosporidiosis drug, is a therapeutic agent with potential for the treatment of giardiasis. However, it exhibits considerable, albeit reversible, toxicity when used to treat immunocompromised microsporidiosis patients. Giardiasis, caused by the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia, is a severe diarrheal disease, endemic in poverty-stricken regions of the world, and also a common infection in developed countries. The available therapeutic options are associated with adverse effects, and G. lamblia resistance to the standard-of-care drugs is spreading. Fumagillin, an antimicrosporidiosis drug, is a therapeutic agent with potential for the treatment of giardiasis. However, it exhibits considerable, albeit reversible, toxicity when used to treat immunocompromised microsporidiosis patients. Fumagillin is also a highly unstable compound. To address these liabilities, we designed and synthesized stable fumagillol derivatives with lower levels of permeation across polarized epithelial Caco-2 cells and better potency against G. lamblia trophozoites than fumagillin. Metronidazole-resistant G. lamblia strains were also susceptible to the new fumagillol derivatives. In addition, these compounds were more potent against the amebiasis-causing parasite Entamoeba histolytica than fumagillin. Two compounds exhibited better thermal and acid stability than fumagillin, which should prolong the drug shelf life and reduce compound degradation in the stomach. Studies with a mouse model of giardiasis with the most stable compound, 4-(((((3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-methoxy-4-((2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)oxiran-2-yl)-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octan-6-yl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)benzoic acid (compound 9), revealed that it had better efficacy (effective dose [ED]) than fumagillin at both the fully curative dose (the 100% ED) of 6.6 mg/kg of body weight and a 50% ED of 0.064 mg/kg. Plasma pharmacokinetics revealed the slow absorption of compound 9 through the gut, consistent with the in vitro characterization in Caco-2 cells. An acute-dose study yielded a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of 1,500 mg/kg, 227-fold higher than the fully curative dose. Thus, along with improved stability, compound 9 also exhibited an excellent therapeutic window.
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Leão RP, Cruz JV, da Costa GV, Cruz JN, Ferreira EFB, Silva RC, de Lima LR, Borges RS, dos Santos GB, Santos CBR. Identification of New Rofecoxib-Based Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors: A Bioinformatics Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E209. [PMID: 32858871 PMCID: PMC7559105 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclooxygenase-2 receptor is a therapeutic target for planning potential drugs with anti-inflammatory activity. The selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor rofecoxib was selected as a pivot molecule to perform virtual ligand-based screening from six commercial databases. We performed the search for similarly shaped Rapid Overlay of Chemical Structures (ROCS) and electrostatic (EON) compounds. After, we used pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters to determine the best potential compounds, obtained through the softwares QikProp and Derek, respectively. Then, the compounds proceeded to the molecular anchorage study, which showed promising results of binding affinity with the hCOX-2 receptor: LMQC72 (∆G = -11.0 kcal/mol), LMQC36 (∆G = -10.6 kcal/mol), and LMQC50 (∆G = -10.2 kcal/mol). LMQC72 and LMQC36 showed higher binding affinity compared to rofecoxib (∆G = -10.4 kcal/mol). Finally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to evaluate the interaction of the compounds with the target hCOX-2 during 150 ns. In all MD simulation trajectories, the ligands remained interacting with the protein until the end of the simulation. The compounds were also complexing with hCOX-2 favorably. The compounds obtained the following affinity energy values: rofecoxib: ΔGbind = -45.31 kcal/mol; LMQC72: ΔGbind = -38.58 kcal/mol; LMQC36: ΔGbind = -36.10 kcal/mol; and LMQC50: ΔGbind = -39.40 kcal/mol. The selected LMQC72, LMQC50, and LMQC36 structures showed satisfactory pharmacokinetic results related to absorption and distribution. The toxicological predictions of these compounds did not display alerts for possible toxic groups and lower risk of cardiotoxicity compared to rofecoxib. Therefore, future in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to confirm the anti-inflammatory potential of the compounds selected here with bioinformatics approaches based on rofecoxib ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozires P. Leão
- Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (R.P.L.); (R.C.S.); (L.R.d.L.); (R.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil.; (J.V.C.); (G.V.d.C.); (J.N.C.); (E.F.B.F.)
| | - Josiane V. Cruz
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil.; (J.V.C.); (G.V.d.C.); (J.N.C.); (E.F.B.F.)
| | - Glauber V. da Costa
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil.; (J.V.C.); (G.V.d.C.); (J.N.C.); (E.F.B.F.)
| | - Jorddy N. Cruz
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil.; (J.V.C.); (G.V.d.C.); (J.N.C.); (E.F.B.F.)
| | - Elenilze F. B. Ferreira
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil.; (J.V.C.); (G.V.d.C.); (J.N.C.); (E.F.B.F.)
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of State of Amapá, Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
| | - Raí C. Silva
- Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (R.P.L.); (R.C.S.); (L.R.d.L.); (R.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil.; (J.V.C.); (G.V.d.C.); (J.N.C.); (E.F.B.F.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14090-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcio R. de Lima
- Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (R.P.L.); (R.C.S.); (L.R.d.L.); (R.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil.; (J.V.C.); (G.V.d.C.); (J.N.C.); (E.F.B.F.)
| | - Rosivaldo S. Borges
- Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (R.P.L.); (R.C.S.); (L.R.d.L.); (R.S.B.)
| | - Gabriela B. dos Santos
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém 68040-255, PA, Brazil;
| | - Cleydson B. R. Santos
- Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (R.P.L.); (R.C.S.); (L.R.d.L.); (R.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil.; (J.V.C.); (G.V.d.C.); (J.N.C.); (E.F.B.F.)
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Abás E, Gómez-Bachiller M, Colom E, Pardina E, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Grasa L, Laguna M. Cyclometallated gold(III) complexes against colon cancer. X-ray structure of [Au(C,NPhenylpyridine)(OAc)2]. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Fujiwara Y, Lee JY, Banno H, Imai S, Tokumoto M, Hasegawa T, Seko Y, Nagase H, Satoh M. Cadmium induces iron deficiency anemia through the suppression of iron transport in the duodenum. Toxicol Lett 2020; 332:130-139. [PMID: 32645461 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant that triggers toxic effects in various tissues such as the kidney, liver, and lung. Cd can also cause abnormal iron metabolism, leading to anemia. Iron homeostasis is regulated by intestinal absorption. However, whether Cd affects the iron absorption pathway is unclear. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between the intestinal iron transporter system and Cd-induced iron deficiency anemia. C57BL/6J female and male mice, 129/Sv female mice, and DBA/2 female mice were given a single oral dose of CdCl2 by gavage. After 3 or 24 h, Cd decreased serum iron concentrations and inhibited the expression of iron transport-related genes in the duodenum. In particular, Cd decreased the levels of divalent metal transporter 1 and ferroportin 1 in the duodenum. In addition, human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cells were treated with CdCl2. After 72 h, Cd decreased the expression of iron transport-related factors in Caco-2 cells with a pattern similar to that seen in the murine duodenum. These findings suggest that Cd inhibits iron absorption through direct suppression of iron transport in duodenal enterocytes and contributes to abnormal iron metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan; Department of Environmental Health, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Jin-Yong Lee
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Hiroki Banno
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Shunji Imai
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan; Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Maki Tokumoto
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hasegawa
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Mount Fuji Research Institute, Yamanashi, 403-0005, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Seko
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Mount Fuji Research Institute, Yamanashi, 403-0005, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Nagase
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan; School of Pharmacy, Gifu University of Medical Science, Gifu, 501-3892, Japan
| | - Masahiko Satoh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan.
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Wang B, Lu Y, Wang R, Liu S, Hu X, Wang H. Transport and metabolic profiling studies of amentoflavone in Caco-2 cells by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS and UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 189:113441. [PMID: 32615340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Amentoflavone, a kind of biflavonoid existing in several medicinal plants such as Selaginella moellendorfi and Gingko biloba, possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-virus, anti-tumor activities. In the present study, a new reliable and sensitive UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed to determine the permeability of amentoflavone under different conditions, and its metabolites in Caco-2 cells were identified by means of UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS method. The results showed that amentoflavone could be considered as a compound with moderate intestinal absorption in Caco-2 cell model and its absorption characteristics might be involved in paracellular passive penetration and clathrin-mediated endocytosis with no participation of efflux transporters. Eight metabolites of amentoflavone were identified in Caco-2 cell model, indicating that the main metabolic pathways were oxidation, reduction, methylation and glucuronide conjugation. This study can provide valuable evidence for an in-depth understanding of absorption mechanism and transformation of amentoflavone in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China; Nanchang Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanchang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanchang 330012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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62
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von Erlach T, Saxton S, Shi Y, Minahan D, Reker D, Javid F, Lee YAL, Schoellhammer C, Esfandiary T, Cleveland C, Booth L, Lin J, Levy H, Blackburn S, Hayward A, Langer R, Traverso G. Robotically handled whole-tissue culture system for the screening of oral drug formulations. Nat Biomed Eng 2020; 4:544-559. [PMID: 32341538 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-020-0545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Monolayers of cancer-derived cell lines are widely used in the modelling of the gastrointestinal (GI) absorption of drugs and in oral drug development. However, they do not generally predict drug absorption in vivo. Here, we report a robotically handled system that uses large porcine GI tissue explants that are functionally maintained for an extended period in culture for the high-throughput interrogation (several thousand samples per day) of whole segments of the GI tract. The automated culture system provided higher predictability of drug absorption in the human GI tract than a Caco-2 Transwell system (Spearman's correlation coefficients of 0.906 and 0.302, respectively). By using the culture system to analyse the intestinal absorption of 2,930 formulations of the peptide drug oxytocin, we discovered an absorption enhancer that resulted in a 11.3-fold increase in the oral bioavailability of oxytocin in pigs in the absence of cellular disruption of the intestinal tissue. The robotically handled whole-tissue culture system should help advance the development of oral drug formulations and might also be useful for drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas von Erlach
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Saxton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yunhua Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Minahan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Reker
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Farhad Javid
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Young-Ah Lucy Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carl Schoellhammer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tina Esfandiary
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cody Cleveland
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucas Booth
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Levy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sophie Blackburn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alison Hayward
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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63
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Green-Sustainable Recovery of Phenolic and Antioxidant Compounds from Industrial Chestnut Shells Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction: Optimization and Evaluation of Biological Activities In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030267. [PMID: 32213812 PMCID: PMC7139998 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chestnut processing industry generates large amounts of by-products, including leaves, burs and shells that are a source of bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to establish an ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolic and antioxidant compounds from industrial chestnut shells. A central composite design (CCD) was conducted to analyze the effects of time (4–46 min) and temperature (34–76 °C) in the antioxidant activity (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)) and total phenolic compounds (TPC) of chestnut shells extracts. The optimal extraction conditions were obtained at 70 °C for 40 min. The optimal extract was characterized regarding phenolic profile, radical scavenging capacity, and effects on intestinal and dermal cell lines. The optimal extract revealed high amounts of ellagic acid (40.4 µg/mg dw), followed by caffeic acid derivative (15.4 µg/mg dw) and epigallocatechin (15.3 µg/mg dw). Indeed, the extract exhibited the highest scavenging efficiencies against NO● (IC50 = 0.1 µg/mL) and HOCl (IC50 = 0.7 µg/mL) and did not conducted to a decrease on HaCaT and HFF-1 viability up to 100 μg/mL. Oppositely, a decrease on Caco-2 and HT29-MTX viability was observed. This study suggests that UAE could be a sustainable option to valorize chestnut shells as raw material for different industries.
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64
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Zheng N, Gao Y, Zhu W, Meng D, Walker WA. Short chain fatty acids produced by colonizing intestinal commensal bacterial interaction with expressed breast milk are anti-inflammatory in human immature enterocytes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229283. [PMID: 32084202 PMCID: PMC7034856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal emergency that affects ten percent of very low birth weight premature babies and costs society in both expense and heartache. It is probably caused by an inappropriate interaction of colonizing bacteria with an immature intestine. A possible preventative measure is to feed prematures their mother's expressed breast milk in conjunction with a probiotic. This synbiotic prevention reduces the severity and incidence of this condition. This study was designed to determine the mechanism of the synbiotic effect in human and mouse fetal intestine. Breast milk interacting with a NEC preventative probiotic such as Bifidobacterium infantis can produce increased levels of short chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate and butyrate) (SCFAs). SCFAs are known to be anti-inflammatory in mature enterocytes and immunocytes. Very little is known about their role in immature intestine. When exposed to a human fetal cell line, fetal intestinal organoids and fetal mouse intestine, these SCFAs were anti-inflammatory. Their mechanism of anti-inflammation differed from those reported for mature cells by involving the G-protein coupled receptor (GPR 109A) and inhibiting histone deacetylase 4 and 5. These bacterial metabolites may help explain the synbiotic anti-inflammatory effect of breast milk and probiotics given to premature infants at risk for NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weishu Zhu
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Di Meng
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - W. Allan Walker
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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65
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Date K, Yamazaki T, Toyoda Y, Hoshi K, Ogawa H. α-Amylase expressed in human small intestinal epithelial cells is essential for cell proliferation and differentiation. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:1238-1249. [PMID: 31478242 PMCID: PMC6973164 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
α-Amylase, which plays an essential role in starch degradation, is expressed mainly in the pancreas and salivary glands. Human α-amylase is also detected in other tissues, but it is unclear whether the α-amylase is endogenously expressed in each tissue or mixed exogenously with one expressed by the pancreas or salivary glands. Furthermore, the biological significance of these α-amylases detected in tissues other than the pancreas and salivary glands has not been elucidated. We discovered that human α-amylase is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells and analyzed the effects of suppressing α-amylase expression. α-Amylase was found to be expressed at the second-highest messenger RNA level in the duodenum in human normal tissues after the pancreas. α-Amylase was detected in the cell extract of Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells but not secreted into the culture medium. The amount of α-amylase expressed increased depending on the length of the culture of Caco-2 cells, suggesting that α-amylase is expressed in small intestine epithelial cells rather than the colon because the cells differentiate spontaneously upon reaching confluence in culture to exhibit the characteristics of small intestinal epithelial cells rather than colon cells. The α-amylase expressed in Caco-2 cells had enzymatic activity and was identified as AMY2B, one of the two isoforms of pancreatic α-amylase. The suppression of α-amylase expression by small interfering RNA inhibited cell differentiation and proliferation. These results demonstrate for the first time that α-amylase is expressed in human intestinal epithelial cells and affects cell proliferation and differentiation. This α-amylase may induce the proliferation and differentiation of small intestine epithelial cells, supporting a rapid turnover of cells to maintain a healthy intestinal lumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimie Date
- Institute for Human Life InnovationOchanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Tomomi Yamazaki
- National Institute of Health and NutritionNational Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Toyama, Shinjuku‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Yoko Toyoda
- Graduate School of Humanities and SciencesOchanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Kumi Hoshi
- Graduate School of Humanities and SciencesOchanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Haruko Ogawa
- Institute for Human Life InnovationOchanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo‐kuTokyoJapan
- Graduate School of Humanities and SciencesOchanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo‐kuTokyoJapan
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66
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de Sá Hyacienth BM, Tavares Picanço KR, Sánchez-Ortiz BL, Barros Silva L, Matias Pereira AC, Machado Góes LD, Sousa Borges R, Cardoso Ataíde R, dos Santos CBR, de Oliveira Carvalho H, Gonzalez Anduaga GM, Navarrete A, Tavares Carvalho JC. Hydroethanolic extract from Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrecasas and its marker bergenin: Toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies in silico and in vivo on zebrafish. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:217-232. [PMID: 32042599 PMCID: PMC6997909 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
E. uchi stem bark hydroethanolic extract in zebrafish. Evaluating the in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters. Behavioral, biochemical and histopathological changes was dose dependent. In silico bergenin and its metabolites showed high intestinal absorption. Bergenin inhibited CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP2C19.
Endopleura uchi, is used for the treatment of inflammatory disease and related to the female reproductive tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of the Endopleura uchi stem bark hydroethanolic extract (EEu) in zebrafish, emphasizing the histopathological and biochemical parameters, as well as evaluating the in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters of the phytochemical/pharmacological marker, bergenin, as their metabolites. The animals were orally treated with EEu at a single dose of 75 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 3000 mg/kg. the oral LD50 of the EEu higher to the dose of 3000 mg/kg. Behavioral, biochemical and histopathological changes were dose dependent. In silico pharmacokinetic predictions for bergenin and its metabolites showed moderate absorption in high human intestinal absorption (HIA) and Caco-2 models, reduced plasma protein binding, by low brain tissue binding and no P-glycoprotein (P-Gp) inhibition. Their metabolism is defined by the CYP450 enzyme, in addition to bergenin inhibition of CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP2C19. In the bergenin and its metabolites in silico toxicity test it have been shown to cause carcinogenicity and a greater involvement of the bergenin with the CYP enzymes in the I and II hepatic and renal metabolism’s phases was observed. It is possible to suggest that the histopathological damages are involved with the interaction of this major compound and its metabolites at the level of the cellular-biochemical mechanisms which involve the absorption, metabolization and excretion of these possible prodrug and drug.
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Key Words
- ALT, Alanine aminotransferase
- AST, Aspartate aminotransferase
- BBB, Brain-blood partition coefficient (C.brain/C.blood)
- Bergenin
- Biotrasformation
- EEu, Endopleura uchi stem bark hydroethanolic extract
- Endopleura uchi
- HAI, Index of Histopathological Changes
- HBA, Hydrogen bonding acceptors
- HBD, Hydrogen bonding donors
- HIA, Human intestinal absorption
- Hepatoxity
- IAN, Regional Herbarium of the Eastern Amazonian Embrapa
- MM, Molecular mass
- Nephrotoxity
- P-Gp, P-glycoprotein
- PPB, Plasma protein binding
- Toxicology
- hERG, ether-a-go-related human gene
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins de Sá Hyacienth
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Legal Amazon of the BIONORTE Network, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Karyny Roberta Tavares Picanço
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Brenda Lorena Sánchez-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Natural Product Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Coyoacán, Zip Code 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luciane Barros Silva
- Federal University of Amapá, Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Arlindo César Matias Pereira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Daniele Machado Góes
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Raphaelle Sousa Borges
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cardoso Ataíde
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Federal University of Amapá, Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Helison de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Gloria Melisa Gonzalez Anduaga
- Laboratory of Natural Product Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Coyoacán, Zip Code 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrés Navarrete
- Laboratory of Natural Product Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Coyoacán, Zip Code 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Legal Amazon of the BIONORTE Network, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
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67
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Tomovic K, Ilic BS, Smelcerovic Z, Miljkovic M, Yancheva D, Kojic M, Mavrova AT, Kocic G, Smelcerovic A. Benzimidazole-based dual dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 315:108873. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abas E, Pena-Martinez R, Aguirre-Ramírez D, Rodriguez-Dieguez A, Laguna M, Grasa L. New selective thiolate gold(i) complexes inhibit the proliferation of different human cancer cells and induce apoptosis in primary cultures of mouse colon tumors. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:1915-1927. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04423j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
New thiolate gold(i) complexes with P(NMe2)3 (HMPT) as phosphane group have been developed as proapoptotic and selective anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Abas
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Raquel Pena-Martinez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Diego Aguirre-Ramírez
- Dpto. Farmacología y Fisiología
- Facultad de Veterinaria
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | | | - Mariano Laguna
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Laura Grasa
- Dpto. Farmacología y Fisiología
- Facultad de Veterinaria
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
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69
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Hung CS, Wang YC, Guo JW, Yang RN, Lee CL, Shen MH, Huang CC, Huang CJ, Yang JY, Liu CY. Expression pattern of placenta specific 8 and keratin 20 in different types of gastrointestinal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:659-666. [PMID: 31974611 PMCID: PMC6947936 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of keratin 20 (KRT20) and placenta specific 8 (PLAC8) in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer with various differentiation phenotypes. The present study retrospectively investigated archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 12 patients at different stages of GI cancer [four with gastric cancer, four with pancreatic cancer and four with colorectal cancer (CRC)]. The stages were pre-determined, according to differentiation phenotypes, by a pathologist of the Department of Pathology at Sijhih Cathay General Hospital. KRT20 and PLAC8 expression levels were assessed using immunohistochemistry. The CRC cell lines SW620 and Caco-2 were used to assess interactions between KRT20 and PLAC8 via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. PLAC8 and KRT20 expression was observed consistently only in the well-differentiated CRC tissue samples. Low KRT20 expression levels were observed in the PLAC8 knockdown SW620 cells. In addition, there was a positive association between PLAC8 and KRT20 expression in the differentiated Caco-2 cells. According to the results of the present study, the differentiation status of GI cancer influenced KRT20 expression, particularly in CRC, which may explain why patients with well-differentiated CRC display better clinical outcomes. Therefore, the prognostic significance of KRT20 and PLAC8 may be particularly crucial for patients with CRC displaying a well-differentiated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Sheng Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Chieh Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jiun-Wen Guo
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ruey-Neng Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei 22174, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Long Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Hung Shen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Cheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei‑Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Jung Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jhih-Yun Yang
- Department of Mathematics, Taipei Wego Private Senior High School, Taipei 11254, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Yi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei 22174, Taiwan, R.O.C
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70
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Pico J, Martínez MM. Unraveling the Inhibition of Intestinal Glucose Transport by Dietary Phenolics: A Review. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:3418-3433. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191015154326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background:Glucose transport across the intestinal brush border membrane plays a key role in metabolic regulation. Depending on the luminal glucose concentration, glucose is mainly transported by the sodium- dependent glucose transporter (SGLT1) and the facilitated-transporter glucose transporter (GLUT2). SGLT1 is apical membrane-constitutive and it is active at a low luminal glucose concentration, while at concentrations higher than 50 mM, glucose is mainly transported by GLUT2 (recruited from the basolateral membrane). Dietary phenolic compounds can modulate glucose homeostasis by decreasing the postprandial glucose response through the inhibition of SGLT1 and GLUT2.Methods:Phenolic inhibition of intestinal glucose transport has been examined using brush border membrane vesicles from rats, pigs or rabbits, Xenopus oocytes and more recently Caco-2 cells, which are the most promising for harmonizing in vitro experiments.Results:Phenolic concentrations above 100 µM has been proved to successfully inhibit the glucose transport. Generally, the aglycones quercetin, myricetin, fisetin or apigenin have been reported to strongly inhibit GLUT2, while quercetin-3-O-glycoside has been demonstrated to be more effective in SGLT1. Additionally, epigallocatechin as well as epicatechin and epigallocatechin gallates were observed to be inhibited on both SGLT1 and GLUT2.Conclusion:Although, valuable information regarding the phenolic glucose transport inhibition is known, however, there are some disagreements about which flavonoid glycosides and aglycones exert significant inhibition, and also the inhibition of phenolic acids remains unclear. This review aims to collect, compare and discuss the available information and controversies about the phenolic inhibition of glucose transporters. A detailed discussion on the physicochemical mechanisms involved in phenolics-glucose transporters interactions is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pico
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Mario M. Martínez
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
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71
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Abas E, Espallargas N, Burbello G, Mesonero JE, Rodriguez-Dieguez A, Grasa L, Laguna M. Anticancer Activity of Alkynylgold(I) with P(NMe2)3 Phosphane in Mouse Colon Tumors and Human Colon Carcinoma Caco-2 Cell Line. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15536-15551. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Abas
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, Plaza S. Francisco s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Natalia Espallargas
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, Plaza S. Francisco s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gianluca Burbello
- Departamento Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose E. Mesonero
- Departamento Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Dieguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Grasa
- Departamento Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mariano Laguna
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, Plaza S. Francisco s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Development of a villi-like micropatterned porous membrane for intestinal magnesium and calcium uptake studies. Acta Biomater 2019; 99:110-120. [PMID: 31465881 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal enterocytes are key players in the absorption of magnesium (Mg2+) and calcium (Ca2+). Understanding the exact molecular mechanisms by which their absorption behavior is regulated could greatly improve treatment strategies for stimulating intestinal absorption in diseases with Mg2+ and/or Ca2+ deficiency. However, such studies are hampered by the lack of in vitro intestinal cell models mimicking the mechanical and physiological properties of the gut. In this study we develop an in vitro gut model based on porous micropatterned membranes with villi-like surface topography and mechanical properties closely mimicking that of intestinal tissue. These membranes are prepared via phase separation micromolding using poly-ε-caprolactone/poly-lactic-glycolic acid (PCL/PLGA) polymer blend and can facilitate cellular differentiation of Caco-2 cells similar to native enterocytes. In fact, cells cultured on these micropatterned membranes form a brush border of microvilli with spatial differences in morphology and tight junction formation along the villous-base axis. Moreover, cells cultured on our membranes show a 2-fold increased alkaline phosphatase activity at the end of differentiation. Finally, we demonstrate that cells cultured on our micropatterned membranes have a 4- and 1.5-fold increased uptake of 25Mg and 45Ca, respectively, compared to non-patterned membranes. These results indicate that the new membranes can mimic the intestinal environment and therefore can have a great impact on mineral uptake in vitro. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study presents the development of an in vitro gut model consisting of villi-like PCL/PLGA micropatterned membranes. These membranes are prepared via phase separation micromolding (PSμM), a technique which allows tailoring of the membrane surface topography combined with membrane porosity and interconnectivity which are important parameters for membranes used for in vitro transport studies. The culture of Caco-2 cells on these micropatterned membranes shows that they facilitate cellular differentiation similar to gut enterocytes. Our data indicate that mimicking the 3D geometry of the gut is very important for improving the physiological relevance of in vitro gut models. In the future, our micropatterned membranes with segment-specific geometries, in combination with isotopic measurements, would be applied to perform detailed ion uptake and transport studies.
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73
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Sauer UG, Kreiling R. The Grouping and Assessment Strategy for Organic Pigments (GRAPE): Scientific evidence to facilitate regulatory decision-making. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 109:104501. [PMID: 31629781 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This article presents the Grouping and Assessment Strategy for Organic Pigments (GRAPE). GRAPE is driven by the hypotheses that low (bio)dissolution and low permeability indicate absence of systemic bioavailability and hence no systemic toxicity potential upon oral exposure, and, for inhalation exposure, that low (bio)dissolution (and absence of surface reactivity, dispersibility and in vitro effects) indicate that the organic pigment is a 'poorly soluble particle without intrinsic toxicity potential'. In GRAPE Tier 1, (bio)solubility and (bio)dissolution are assessed, and in Tier 2, in vitro Caco-2 permeability and in vitro alveolar macrophage activation. Thereafter, organic pigments are grouped by common properties (further considering structural similarity depending on the regulatory requirements). In Tier 3, absence of systemic bioavailability is verified by limited in vivo screening (rat 28-day oral and 5-day inhalation toxicity studies). If Tier 3 confirms no (or only very low) systemic bioavailability, all higher-tier endpoint-specific animal testing is scientifically not-relevant. Application of the GRAPE can serve to reduce animal testing needs for all but few representative organic pigments within a group. GRAPE stands in line with the EU REACH Regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals). An ongoing research project aims at establishing a proof-of-concept of the GRAPE.
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Thang SK, Chen PY, Gao WY, Wu MJ, Pan MH, Yen JH. Xanthohumol Suppresses NPC1L1 Gene Expression through Downregulation of HNF-4α and Inhibits Cholesterol Uptake in Caco-2 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11119-11128. [PMID: 31525874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Xanthohumol (Xan) is a prenylated chalcone mainly found in hops; it has been demonstrated to function against hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis. In this study, we focused on the hypocholesterolemic effect of Xan on cholesterol uptake and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Xan in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. The microarray data showed that Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1), an essential transporter for dietary cholesterol absorption, was significantly downregulated in Xan-treated Caco-2 cells. We demonstrated that Xan (10 and 20 μM) suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of NPC1L1 by 0.65 ± 0.12-fold and 0.54 ± 0.15-fold and 0.72 ± 0.04-fold and 0.44 ± 0.12-fold, respectively, compared to that of the vehicle-treated Caco-2 cells. Moreover, Xan (10 and 20 μM) significantly inhibited cholesterol uptake by approximately 12 and 32% in Caco-2 cells. NPC1L1 promoter activity was significantly suppressed by Xan, and a DNA element within the NPC1L1 promoter involved in Xan-mediated NPC1L1 reduction located between the -120 and -20 positions was identified. Moreover, Xan markedly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF-4α), a critical activator of NPC1L1 transcription, and subsequently attenuated HNF-4α/NPC1L1 promoter complex formation, resulting in the suppression of NPC1L1 gene expression. Finally, we demonstrated that Xan markedly abolished lovastatin-induced NPC1L1 overexpression in Caco-2 cells. These findings reveal that Xan suppresses NPC1L1 expression via downregulation of HNF-4α and exerts inhibitory effects on cholesterol uptake in the intestinal Caco-2 cells. Our findings suggest Xan could serve as a potential cholesterol-lowering agent and supplement for statin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Kim Thang
- Institute of Medical Sciences , Tzu Chi University , Hualien 970 , Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chen
- Center of Medical Genetics , Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation , Hualien 970 , Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yun Gao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics , Tzu Chi University , Hualien 970 , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jiuan Wu
- Department of Biotechnology , Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science , Tainan 717 , Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Institute of Medical Sciences , Tzu Chi University , Hualien 970 , Taiwan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics , Tzu Chi University , Hualien 970 , Taiwan
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75
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Dengler F, Gäbel G. The Fast Lane of Hypoxic Adaptation: Glucose Transport Is Modulated via A HIF-Hydroxylase-AMPK-Axis in Jejunum Epithelium. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20204993. [PMID: 31601024 PMCID: PMC6834319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20204993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is able to adapt to varying blood flow and, thus, oxygen availability. Still, the adaptation fails under pathologic situations. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the epithelial adaptation to hypoxia could help to improve the therapeutic approach. We hypothesized that the short-term adaptation to hypoxia is mediated via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and that it is coupled to the long-term adaptation by a common regulation mechanism, the HIF-hydroxylase enzymes. Further, we hypothesized the transepithelial transport of glucose to be part of this short-term adaptation. We conducted Ussing chamber studies using isolated lagomorph jejunum epithelium and cell culture experiments with CaCo-2 cells. The epithelia and cells were incubated under 100% and 21% O2, respectively, with the panhydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) or under 1% O2. We showed an activation of AMPK under hypoxia and after incubation with DMOG by Western blot. This could be related to functional effects like an impairment of Na+-coupled glucose transport. Inhibitor studies revealed a recruitment of glucose transporter 1 under hypoxia, but not after incubation with DMOG. Summing up, we showed an influence of hydroxylase enzymes on AMPK activity and similarities between hypoxia and the effects of hydroxylase inhibition on functional changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Dengler
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Gotthold Gäbel
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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76
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Lieder B, Hans J, Hentschel F, Geissler K, Ley J. Biological Evaluation of Natural and Synthesized Homovanillic Acid Esters as Inhibitors of Intestinal Fatty Acid Uptake in Differentiated Caco-2 Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:E3599. [PMID: 31591297 PMCID: PMC6803983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With raising prevalence of obesity, the regulation of human body fat is increasingly relevant. The modulation of fatty acid uptake by enterocytes represents a promising target for body weight maintenance. Recent results demonstrated that the trigeminal active compounds capsaicin, nonivamide, and trans-pellitorine dose-dependently reduce fatty acid uptake in differentiated Caco-2 cells as a model for the intestinal barrier. However, non-pungent alternatives have not been investigated and structural determinants for the modulation of intestinal fatty acid uptake have not been identified so far. Thus, based on the previous results, we synthesized 23 homovanillic acid esters in addition to the naturally occurring capsiate and screened them for their potential to reduce intestinal fatty acid uptake using the fluorescent fatty acid analog Bodipy-C12 in differentiated Caco‑2 cells as an enterocyte model. Whereas pre-incubation with 100 µM capsiate did not change fatty acid uptake by Caco-2 enterocytes, a maximum inhibition of -47% was reached using 100 µM 1‑methylpentyl-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)acetate. Structural analysis of the 24 structural analogues tested in the present study revealed that a branched fatty acid side chain, independent of the chain length, is one of the most important structural motifs associated with inhibition of fatty acid uptake in Caco-2 enterocytes. The results of the present study may serve as an important basis for designing potent dietary inhibitors of fatty acid uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lieder
- Symrise AG, Muehlenfeldstrasse 1, 53479 Holzminden, Germany.
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Vienna, CDL for Taste Research, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Joachim Hans
- Symrise AG, Muehlenfeldstrasse 1, 53479 Holzminden, Germany.
| | - Fabia Hentschel
- Symrise AG, Muehlenfeldstrasse 1, 53479 Holzminden, Germany.
| | - Katrin Geissler
- Symrise AG, Muehlenfeldstrasse 1, 53479 Holzminden, Germany.
| | - Jakob Ley
- Symrise AG, Muehlenfeldstrasse 1, 53479 Holzminden, Germany.
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77
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Jochems PG, van Bergenhenegouwen J, van Genderen AM, Eis ST, Wilod Versprille LJ, Wichers HJ, Jeurink PV, Garssen J, Masereeuw R. Development and validation of bioengineered intestinal tubules for translational research aimed at safety and efficacy testing of drugs and nutrients. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 60:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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78
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Zeta potential changing self-emulsifying drug delivery systems utilizing a novel Janus-headed surfactant: A promising strategy for enhanced mucus permeation. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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79
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Mehraban MH, Motovali-Bashi M, Ghasemi Y. MiR-26a and miR-26b downregulate the expression of sucrase-isomaltase enzyme: A new chapter in diabetes treatment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:192-197. [PMID: 31493868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Type II diabetes is a metabolic disease that has affected 460 million people around the globe and become a heavy burden on health care system. Diabetic patients suffer from hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia which can damage vital organs in body like heart, kidneys, eyes and nervous system. Different strategies have been introduced to control or lessen these diabetic complications in which one of the most promising approaches is the inhibition of intestinal sucrase-isomaltase (SI). Inhibition of this enzyme will block the release of glucose into bloodstream and lead to reduced postprandial hyperglycemia. MicroRNAs are small regulatory molecules that play critical roles in different cellular pathways and molecular mechanisms. It is proved that microRNAs have significant effects on cellular mechanisms involved in diabetes and can be used as biomarkers for diagnosis of this metabolic disease. Based on bioinformatics analysis miR-26a and miR-26b can interact with a conserved 3'-UTR region of SI mRNA which lead to a hypothesis that these miRs may have negative regulatory effect on this enzyme. In this study, we investigated the impact of high glucose conditions on expression of sucrase-isomaltase, miR-26a and miR-26b in caco-2 cell line. It is proved that in a simulated diabetic condition there is a reverse correlation between the expression pattern of these miRs and SI. QRT-PCR method was used to evaluate the expression of our target molecules. Interestingly, transfection of miR-26a and miR-26b in caco-2 cell line reduced the transcription of SI mRNA and decreased the sucrase and maltase activity of its active sites. To sum up, our results demonstrate the first evidence of the significant effect of miR-26a and miR-26b on SI expression and activity. We proved that these microRNAs may directly inhibit this enzyme and can be used as a new scaffold in search of finding novel treatments for type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Motovali-Bashi
- Genetics Division, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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80
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Chivero ET, Ahmad R, Thangaraj A, Periyasamy P, Kumar B, Kroeger E, Feng D, Guo ML, Roy S, Dhawan P, Singh AB, Buch S. Cocaine Induces Inflammatory Gut Milieu by Compromising the Mucosal Barrier Integrity and Altering the Gut Microbiota Colonization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12187. [PMID: 31434922 PMCID: PMC6704112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48428-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocaine use disorder (CUD), a major health crisis, has traditionally been considered a complication of the CNS; however, it is also closely associated with malnourishment and deteriorating gut health. In light of emerging studies on the potential role of gut microbiota in neurological disorders, we sought to understand the causal association between CUD and gut dysbiosis. Using a comprehensive approach, we confirmed that cocaine administration in mice resulted in alterations of the gut microbiota. Furthermore, cocaine-mediated gut dysbiosis was associated with upregulation of proinflammatory mediators including NF-κB and IL-1β. In vivo and in vitro analyses confirmed that cocaine altered gut-barrier composition of the tight junction proteins while also impairing epithelial permeability by potentially involving the MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling. Taken together, our findings unravel a causal link between CUD, gut-barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis and set a stage for future development of supplemental strategies for the management of CUD-associated gut complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest T Chivero
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Annadurai Thangaraj
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Palsamy Periyasamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Balawant Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Elisa Kroeger
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Dan Feng
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ming-Lei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sabita Roy
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Florida, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA
| | - Amar B Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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81
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Potential for Tight Junction Protein-Directed Drug Development Using Claudin Binders and Angubindin-1. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164016. [PMID: 31426497 PMCID: PMC6719960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The tight junction (TJ) is an intercellular sealing component found in epithelial and endothelial tissues that regulates the passage of solutes across the paracellular space. Research examining the biology of TJs has revealed that they are complex biochemical structures constructed from a range of proteins including claudins, occludin, tricellulin, angulins and junctional adhesion molecules. The transient disruption of the barrier function of TJs to open the paracellular space is one means of enhancing mucosal and transdermal drug absorption and to deliver drugs across the blood–brain barrier. However, the disruption of TJs can also open the paracellular space to harmful xenobiotics and pathogens. To address this issue, the strategies targeting TJ proteins have been developed to loosen TJs in a size- or tissue-dependent manner rather than to disrupt them. As several TJ proteins are overexpressed in malignant tumors and in the inflamed intestinal tract, and are present in cells and epithelia conjoined with the mucosa-associated lymphoid immune tissue, these TJ-protein-targeted strategies may also provide platforms for the development of novel therapies and vaccines. Here, this paper reviews two TJ-protein-targeted technologies, claudin binders and an angulin binder, and their applications in drug development.
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82
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Silva AM, Pinto D, Fernandes I, Gonçalves Albuquerque T, Costa HS, Freitas V, Rodrigues F, Oliveira MBP. Infusions and decoctions of dehydrated fruits of Actinidia arguta and Actinidia deliciosa: Bioactivity, radical scavenging activity and effects on cells viability. Food Chem 2019; 289:625-634. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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83
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Neves CMSS, Figueiredo M, Reis PM, Sousa ACA, Cristóvão AC, Fiadeiro MB, Rebelo LPN, Coutinho JAP, Esperança JMSS, Freire MG. Simultaneous Separation of Antioxidants and Carbohydrates From Food Wastes Using Aqueous Biphasic Systems Formed by Cholinium-Derived Ionic Liquids. Front Chem 2019; 7:459. [PMID: 31316969 PMCID: PMC6610481 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The food industry produces significant amounts of waste, many of them rich in valuable compounds that could be recovered and reused in the framework of circular economy. The development of sustainable and cost-effective technologies to recover these value added compounds will contribute to a significant decrease of the environmental footprint and economic burden of this industry sector. Accordingly, in this work, aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) composed of cholinium-derived bistriflimide ionic liquids (ILs) and carbohydrates were investigated as an alternative process to simultaneously separate and recover antioxidants and carbohydrates from food waste. Aiming at improving the biocompatible character of the studied ILs and proposed process, cholinium-derived bistriflimide ILs were chosen, which were properly designed by playing with the cation alkyl side chain and the number of functional groups attached to the cation to be able to create ABS with carbohydrates. These ILs were characterized by cytotoxicity assays toward human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2 cell line), demonstrating to have a significantly lower toxicity than other well-known and commonly used fluorinated ILs. The capability of these ILs to form ABS with a series of carbohydrates, namely monosaccharides, disaccharides and polyols, was then appraised by the determination of the respective ternary liquid-liquid phase diagrams at 25°C. The studied ABS were finally used to separate carbohydrates and antioxidants from real food waste samples, using an expired vanilla pudding as an example. With the studied systems, the separation of the two products occurs in one-step, where carbohydrates are enriched in the carbohydrate-rich phase and antioxidants are mainly present in the IL-rich phase. Extraction efficiencies of carbohydrates ranging between 89 and 92% to the carbohydrate-rich phase, and antioxidant relative activities ranging between 65 and 75% in the IL-rich phase were obtained. Furthermore, antioxidants from the IL-rich phase were recovered by solid-phase extraction, and the IL was recycled for two more times with no losses on the ABS separation performance. Overall, the obtained results show that the investigated ABS are promising platforms to simultaneously separate carbohydrates and antioxidants from real food waste samples, and could be used in further related applications foreseeing industrial food waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina M S S Neves
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marcos Figueiredo
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Ana C A Sousa
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana C Cristóvão
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Mariana B Fiadeiro
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | | | - João A P Coutinho
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Mara G Freire
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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84
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Hemidesmus indicus induces apoptosis via proteasome inhibition and generation of reactive oxygen species. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7199. [PMID: 31076590 PMCID: PMC6510901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibition represents an important anticancer strategy. Here, we studied the mechanisms at the basis of the pro-apoptotic activity of the standardized decoction of Hemidesmus indicus, a plant evoking a complex anticancer activity, and explored its inhibition of proteasome activity in human leukemia cells. Additionally, we preliminary tested the cytotoxicity of some H. indicus’s phytochemicals on leukemia cells and their intestinal absorption on a human intestinal epithelium model consisting of a monolayer of differentiated Caco2 cells. We observed a potent antileukemic effect for H. indicus, imputable to the modulation of different critical targets at protein and mRNA levels and the reduction of the 26S proteasome expression. We found that some phytomarkers of H. indicus decoction passed through the enterocyte monolayer. Overall, our study supports the pharmacological potential of H. indicus, which can represent an interesting botanical drug in the oncological area.
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85
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Rafiee Tari N, Arranz E, Corredig M. Effect of protein composition of a model dairy matrix containing various levels of beta-casein on the structure and anti-inflammatory activity of in vitro digestates. Food Funct 2019; 10:1870-1879. [PMID: 30768115 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01860j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that differences in protein composition in the food matrix can significantly affect its biological functionality. The present research hypothesized that a matrix containing the same level of dairy protein, but with different composition, even when showing similar properties during digestion, may have a different biological functionality. To test this hypothesis, three matrices, containing 2.8% protein and similar amounts of fat and solid were prepared, either with 100% whey proteins, or with a ratio of caseins to whey protein of 40 : 60, but differing in β-casein ratio. The mixtures were subjected to in vitro digestion, and the digestates were used in uptake experiments using Caco-2 cell monolayers. The basolateral fraction metabolized by the cells was used to stimulate human LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages and the concentration of selected cytokines were measured, as an indication of potential differences in biological functionality between the different dairy matrices. All three digestates induced a significant reduction in IL-1β cytokines, with the casein-containing treatments inducing a greater decrease compared to that containing only whey proteins. The matrix containing the highest ratio of β-casein induced the lowest secretion of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-6. This study demonstrated that milk protein composition does not only affect the rate of gastric proteolysis and structure of the gastric digestate, but will cause differences in physiological effects. This research stressed the role of milk protein components during digestion, and of β-casein in particular, and their potential to modulate biological functions in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rafiee Tari
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Dietrich J, Grass I, Günzel D, Herek S, Braeuning A, Lampen A, Hessel-Pras S. The marine biotoxin okadaic acid affects intestinal tight junction proteins in human intestinal cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 58:150-160. [PMID: 30926360 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA) is a lipophilic phycotoxin that accumulates in the hepatopancreas and fatty tissue of shellfish. Consumption of highly OA-contaminated seafood leads to diarrhetic shellfish poisoning which provokes severe gastrointestinal symptoms associated with a disruption of the intestinal epithelium. Since the molecular mechanisms leading to intestinal barrier disruption are not fully elucidated, we investigated the influence of OA on intestinal tight junction proteins (TJPs) in differentiated Caco-2 cells. We found a concentration- and time-dependent deregulation of genes encoding for intestinal TJPs of the claudin family, occludin, as well as zonula occludens (ZO) 1 and 2. Immunofluorescence staining showed concentration-dependent effects on the structural organization of TJPs already after treatment with a subtoxic but human-relevant concentration of OA. In addition, changes in the structural organization of cytoskeletal F-actin as well as its associated protein ZO-1 were observed. In summary, we demonstrated effects of OA on TJPs in intestinal Caco-2 cells. TJP expressions were affected after treatment with food-relevant OA concentrations. These results might explain the high potential of OA to disrupt the intestinal barrier in vivo as its first target. Thereby the present data contribute to a better understanding of the OA-dependent induction of molecular effects within the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Dietrich
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Irina Grass
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothee Günzel
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Saadet Herek
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hessel-Pras
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
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87
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Effect of Stereochemical Configuration on the Transport and Metabolism of Catechins from Green Tea across Caco-2 Monolayers. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061185. [PMID: 30917581 PMCID: PMC6470784 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcellular transport and metabolism of eight green tea catechins (GTCs) were studied in Caco-2 monolayers, with the aim of investigating the effect of cis–trans isomerism on the membrane permeability and biotransformation of GTCs. The results showed that the catechin stereochemistry significantly affects the efflux transport rather than the absorption transport in the Caco-2 monolayers. The trans catechins showed a better transcellular permeability than their corresponding cis (epi) catechins in the efflux transport, as the efflux amount of trans catechins were all significantly higher than that of the cis (epi) catechins at each concentration and each time point tested. Moreover, the relative contents of the (+)-catechin (C)-O-sulfate, (+)-gallocatechin (GC)-O-sulfate, (−)-catechin gallate (CG)-O-sulfate, and (−)-gallocatechin gallate (GCG)-O-sulfate in the efflux transport were 2.67, 16.08, 50.48, and 31.54 times higher than that of the (−)-epicatechin (EC)-O-sulfate, (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC)-O-sulfate, (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG)-O-sulfate, and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-O-sulfate, respectively. It indicated that more metabolites were observed after the transcellular efflux of trans catechins. Furthermore, after two hours of incubation, the GTCs could significantly increase the expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) and breast cancer-resistance protein (BCRP), and decrease the expression of P-glycoprotein in the Caco-2 cells. The regulation of GTCs on P-glycoprotein, MRP2, and BCRP could also be significantly influenced by the chemical and dimensional structure. In a conclusion, catechin stereochemistry significantly affects the transport and metabolism of GTCs when refluxed in the Caco-2 monolayers.
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88
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M'bitsi-Ibouily GC, Marimuthu T, Kumar P, Choonara YE, du Toit LC, Pradeep P, Modi G, Pillay V. Synthesis, Characterisation and In Vitro Permeation, Dissolution and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Ruthenium(II)-Liganded Sulpiride and Amino Alcohol. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4146. [PMID: 30858469 PMCID: PMC6412051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40538-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulpiride (SPR) is a selective antagonist of central dopamine receptors but has limited clinical use due to its poor pharmacokinetics. The aim of this study was to investigate how metal ligation to SPR may improve its solubility, intestinal permeability and prolong its half-life. The synthesis and characterisation of ternary metal complexes [Ru(p -cymene)(L)(SPR)]PF6 (L1 = (R)-(+)-2-amino-3-phenyl-1-propanol, L2 = ethanolamine, L3 = (S)-(+)-2-amino-1-propanol, L4 = 3-amino-1-propanol, L5 = (S)-(+)-2-pyrrolidinemethanol) are described in this work. The stability constant of the [Ru(p -cymene)(SPR)] complex was determined using Job's method. The obtained value revealed higher stability of the metal complex in the physiological pH than in an acidic environment such as the stomach. The ternary metal complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal analyses, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis). Solubility studies showed higher aqueous solubility for complexed SPR than the free drug. Dissolution profiles of SPR from the metal complexes exhibited slower dissolution rate of the drug. Permeation studies through the pig's intestine revealed enhanced membrane permeation of the complexed drug. In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed no noticeable toxic effects of the ternary metal complexes on Caco-2 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretta C M'bitsi-Ibouily
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Thashree Marimuthu
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Lisa C du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Priyamvada Pradeep
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Girish Modi
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa.
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89
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Elendran S, Muniyandy S, Lee WW, Palanisamy UD. Permeability of the ellagitannin geraniin and its metabolites in a human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell culture model. Food Funct 2019; 10:602-615. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01927d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Geraniin and its metabolites, found in many edibles, were classified as per the BCS. This finding can be used to predict its' in vivo oral absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Elendran
- University of Reading Malaysia
- Johor Darul Takzim
- Malaysia
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences
- Monash University Malaysia
| | | | | | - Uma D. Palanisamy
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences
- Monash University Malaysia
- Selangor Darul Ehsan
- Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform
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90
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Shang W, Liu Y, Kim E, Tsao CY, Payne GF, Bentley WE. Selective assembly and functionalization of miniaturized redox capacitor inside microdevices for microbial toxin and mammalian cell cytotoxicity analyses. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:3578-3587. [PMID: 30351330 PMCID: PMC7046091 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00583d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel strategy for bridging information transfer between electronics and biological systems within microdevices. This strategy relies on our "electrobiofabrication" toolbox that uses electrode-induced signals to assemble biopolymer films at spatially defined sites and then electrochemically "activates" the films for signal processing capabilities. Compared to conventional electrode surface modification approaches, our signal-guided assembly and activation strategy provides on-demand electrode functionalization, and greatly simplifies microfluidic sensor design and fabrication. Specifically, a chitosan film is selectively localized in a microdevice and is covalently modified with phenolic species. The redox active properties of the phenolic species enable the film to transduce molecular to electronic signals (i.e., "molectronic"). The resulting "molectronic" sensors are shown to facilitate the electrochemical analysis in real time of biomolecules, including small molecules and enzymes, to cell-based measurements such as cytotoxicity. We believe this strategy provides an alternative, simple, and promising avenue for connecting electronics to biological systems within microfluidic platforms, and eventually will enrich our abilities to study biology in a variety of contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Shang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eunkyoung Kim
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Chen-Yu Tsao
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA. and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Gregory F Payne
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA. and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - William E Bentley
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA. and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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91
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Convertino A, Mussi V, Maiolo L, Ledda M, Lolli MG, Bovino FA, Fortunato G, Rocchia M, Lisi A. Array of disordered silicon nanowires coated by a gold film for combined NIR photothermal treatment of cancer cells and Raman monitoring of the process evolution. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:415102. [PMID: 30059014 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aad6cd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) assisted by nanomaterials is a promising minimally invasive technique for cancer treatment. Here, we explore the PTT properties of a silicon- and gold-based nanostructured platform suitable for being directly integrated in fibre laser systems rather than injected into the human body, which occurs for the most commonly unreported PTT nanoagents. In particular, the photothermal properties of an array of disordered silicon nanowires coated by a thin gold film (Au/SiNWs) were tested on a monolayer of human colon adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) irradiated with a 785 nm laser. Au/SiNWs allowed an efficient photothermal action and simultaneous monitoring of the process evolution through the Raman signal coming from the irradiated cellular zone. Strong near infra-red (NIR) absorption, overlapping three biological windows, cell-friendly properties and effective fabrication technology make Au/SiNWs suitable both to be integrated in surgical laser tools and as an in vitro platform to develop novel PTT protocols using different cancer types and NIR sources.
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92
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Haselgrübler R, Stadlbauer V, Stübl F, Schwarzinger B, Rudzionyte I, Himmelsbach M, Iken M, Weghuber J. Insulin Mimetic Properties of Extracts Prepared from Bellis perennis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102605. [PMID: 30314325 PMCID: PMC6222741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and consequential cardiovascular diseases lead to millions of deaths worldwide each year; 90% of all people suffering from DM are classified as Type 2 DM (T2DM) patients. T2DM is linked to insulin resistance and a loss of insulin sensitivity. It leads to a reduced uptake of glucose mediated by glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in muscle and adipose tissue, and finally hyperglycemia. Using a fluorescence microscopy-based screening assay we searched for herbal extracts that induce GLUT4 translocation in the absence of insulin, and confirmed their activity in chick embryos. We found that extracts prepared from Bellis perennis (common daisy) are efficient inducers of GLUT4 translocation in the applied in vitro cell system. In addition, these extracts also led to reduced blood glucose levels in chicken embryos (in ovo), confirming their activity in a living organism. Using high-performance liquid chromtaography (HPLC) analysis, we identified and quantified numerous polyphenolic compounds including apigenin glycosides, quercitrin and chlorogenic acid, which potentially contribute to the induction of GLUT4 translocation. In conclusion, Bellis perennis extracts reduce blood glucose levels and are therefore suitable candidates for application in food supplements for the prevention and accompanying therapy of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Haselgrübler
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Verena Stadlbauer
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Flora Stübl
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Ieva Rudzionyte
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
| | - Marcus Iken
- PM International AG, L-5445 Schengen, Luxembourg.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
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93
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Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems changing their zeta potential via a flip-flop mechanism. Int J Pharm 2018; 550:200-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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94
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Lee G, Joung JY, Cho JH, Son CG, Lee N. Overcoming P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Multidrug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: Potential Reversal Agents among Herbal Medicines. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:3412074. [PMID: 30158992 PMCID: PMC6109522 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3412074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the major reason for the failure of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC), and the primary determinant of MDR in CRC patients is active drug efflux owing to overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in cancer tissues. Despite research efforts to overcome P-gp-mediated drug efflux, the high toxicity of P-gp inhibitors has been a major obstacle for the clinical use of these agents. The aim of this study was to review the literature for potential P-gp reversal agents among traditional herbal medicines, which offer the advantages of safety and potential synergetic effects in CRC chemotherapy. METHODS We searched ten databases including 3 English databases, 1 Chinese medical database, and 6 Korean medical databases up to July 2018 and included in vivo and in vitro studies evaluating the effects of herbal medicines as P-gp reversal agents in CRC. RESULTS A total of 28 potentially related studies were identified and 16 articles were included. Involving 3 studies about Salvia miltiorrhiza and 2 studies about Curcuma longa, finally we found 14 kinds of traditional herbal medicines-Salvia miltiorrhiza, Curcuma longa, Sinomenium acutum, Stephania tetrandra, Bufo gargarizans, Coptis japonica, Piper nigrum and Piper longum, Hedyotis diffusa, Schisandra chinensis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhiza inflate, Daphne genkwa, Stemona tuberosa Lour, and Andrographis paniculata-as showing efficacy as P-gp inhibitors in anticancer drug-resistant CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This brief account provides insight into the relationship between P-gp and CRC. Further studies on herbal medicines with demonstrated effects against P-gp overexpression will aid in improving the efficacy of chemotherapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayoung Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 4, Notaesan-ro, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, No. 31099, Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 35235, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, 62, Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Joung
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 35235, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, 62, Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 35235, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, 62, Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 35235, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, 62, Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 4, Notaesan-ro, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, No. 31099, Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 35235, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, 62, Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon-si, No. 34520, Republic of Korea
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95
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Qian S, He L, Wang Q, Wong YC, Mak M, Ho CY, Han Y, Zuo Z. Intranasal delivery of a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor HLS-3 for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 2018; 207:428-435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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96
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Managuli RS, Raut SY, Reddy MS, Mutalik S. Targeting the intestinal lymphatic system: a versatile path for enhanced oral bioavailability of drugs. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:787-804. [PMID: 30025212 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1503249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The major challenge of first pass metabolism in oral drug delivery can be surmounted by directing delivery toward intestinal lymphatic system (ILS). ILS circumvents the liver and transports drug directly into systemic circulation via thoracic duct. Lipid and polymeric nanoparticles are transported into ILS through lacteal and Peyer's patches. Moreover, surface modification of nanoparticles with ligand which is specific for Peyer's patches enhances the uptake of drugs into ILS. Bioavailability enhancement by lymphatic uptake is an advantageous approach adopted by scientists today. Therefore, it is important to understand clear insight of ILS in targeted drug delivery and challenges involved in it. AREAS COVERED Current review includes an overview of ILS, factors governing lymphatic transport of nanoparticles and absorption mechanism of lipid and polymeric nanoparticles into ILS. Various ligands used to target Peyer's patch and their conjugation strategies to nanoparticles are explained in detail. In vitro and in vivo models used to assess intestinal lymphatic transport of molecules are discussed further. EXPERT OPINION Although ILS offers a versatile pathway for nanotechnology based targeted drug delivery, extensive investigations on validation of the lymphatic transport models and on the strategies for gastric protection of targeted nanocarriers have to be perceived in for excellent performance of ILS in oral drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Suresh Managuli
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal Karnataka State , India
| | - Sushil Yadaorao Raut
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal Karnataka State , India
| | - Meka Sreenivasa Reddy
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal Karnataka State , India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal Karnataka State , India
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97
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Aiello G, Ferruzza S, Ranaldi G, Sambuy Y, Arnoldi A, Vistoli G, Lammi C. Behavior of three hypocholesterolemic peptides from soy protein in an intestinal model based on differentiated Caco-2 cell. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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98
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Guri A, Gülseren İ, Arranz E, Corredig M. Delivery of Curcumin Using Skim Milk or Oil in Water Emulsions: Effect of the Matrices on Cellular Uptake. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:641-649. [PMID: 29760329 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To enhance the curcumin delivery in a variety of food grade matrices namely spray dried ethanolic curcumin in fresh skim milk (Spray dried Cu-SM), a fresh mixture of ethanolic curcumin and skim milk (Fresh Cu-SM) a powder mixture of curcumin and skim milk powder (Powder Cu-SMP) and oil in water emulsion (Emulsion) were studied. The cellular uptake of curcumin from the respective matrices was studied on Caco-2 cell monolayers. Spray dried Cu-SM showed higher encapsulation efficiency compared to a corresponding Powder Cu-SMP and an oil-in-water emulsion (40% oil) bearing curcumin. Furthermore, ethanolic administration of curcumin in spray dried form enhanced the cellular uptake of curcumin considerably higher than non-ethanolic samples (approx. 4 times). Overall, milk protein based vectors were found to perform better than emulsion samples. These findings highlighted the fact that curcumin uptake may be tailored by fine tuning of curcumin delivery vehicles which highlights possible application of powders as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilda Guri
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph.,Gay Lea Foods Company
| | - İbrahim Gülseren
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph.,Department of Food Engineering, İstanbul S. Zaim University (İZÜ)
| | - Elena Arranz
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph.,TEAGASC - The Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Division of Food Bioscience
| | - Milena Corredig
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph.,Gay Lea Foods Company
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99
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Müller U, Stübl F, Schwarzinger B, Sandner G, Iken M, Himmelsbach M, Schwarzinger C, Ollinger N, Stadlbauer V, Höglinger O, Kühne T, Lanzerstorfer P, Weghuber J. In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibition of Intestinal Glucose Transport by Guava (Psidium Guajava) Extracts. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1701012. [PMID: 29688623 PMCID: PMC6001447 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201701012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Known pharmacological activities of guava (Psidium guajava) include modulation of blood glucose levels. However, mechanistic details remain unclear in many cases. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigated the effects of different guava leaf and fruit extracts on intestinal glucose transport in vitro and on postprandial glucose levels in vivo. Substantial dose- and time-dependent glucose transport inhibition (up to 80%) was observed for both guava fruit and leaf extracts, at conceivable physiological concentrations in Caco-2 cells. Using sodium-containing (both glucose transporters, sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 [SGLT1] and glucose transporter 2 [GLUT2], are active) and sodium-free (only GLUT2 is active) conditions, we show that inhibition of GLUT2 was greater than that of SGLT1. Inhibitory properties of guava extracts also remained stable after digestive juice treatment, indicating a good chemical stability of the active substances. Furthermore, we could unequivocally show that guava extracts significantly reduced blood glucose levels (≈fourfold reduction) in a time-dependent manner in vivo (C57BL/6N mice). Extracts were characterized with respect to their main putative bioactive compounds (polyphenols) using HPLC and LC-MS. CONCLUSION The data demonstrated that guava leaf and fruit extracts can potentially contribute to the regulation of blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Müller
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
| | - Flora Stübl
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food QualitySafety and Innovation4600WelsAustria
| | - Georg Sandner
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
| | | | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Johannes Kepler UniversityInstitute for Analytical Chemistry4040LinzAustria
| | - Clemens Schwarzinger
- Johannes Kepler UniversityInstitute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials4040LinzAustria
| | - Nicole Ollinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food QualitySafety and Innovation4600WelsAustria
| | - Verena Stadlbauer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food QualitySafety and Innovation4600WelsAustria
| | | | | | | | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food QualitySafety and Innovation4600WelsAustria
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Ishizaki Y, Furihata T, Oyama Y, Ohura K, Imai T, Hosokawa M, Akita H, Chiba K. Development of a Caco-2 Cell Line Carrying the Human Intestine-Type CES Expression Profile as a Promising Tool for Ester-Containing Drug Permeability Studies. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:697-706. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Ishizaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Tomomi Furihata
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Yusuke Oyama
- Department of Metabolism-Based Drug Design and Delivery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kumamoto University
| | - Kayoko Ohura
- Department of Metabolism-Based Drug Design and Delivery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kumamoto University
| | - Teruko Imai
- Department of Metabolism-Based Drug Design and Delivery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kumamoto University
| | - Masakiyo Hosokawa
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Institute of Science
| | - Hidetaka Akita
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Kan Chiba
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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