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Silveyra GR, Silveyra P, Vatnick I, Medesani DA, Rodríguez EM. Effects of atrazine on vitellogenesis, steroid levels and lipid peroxidation, in female red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 197:136-142. [PMID: 29482076 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine, a widely use herbicide, has been classified as a potential endocrine disruptor, especially for freshwater species. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that atrazine can affect reproduction in crayfish through dysregulation of vitellogenin expression and hormone synthesis. Adult female crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) were exposed during one month to atrazine at concentrations of either 1 or 5 mg/L. At the end of the exposure, ovaries, hepatopancreas, and hemolymph samples were harvested for analysis of vitellogenin expression and steroid hormone levels. Ovarian tissue was also sampled for both biochemical and histological analyses. Our results show that atrazine-exposed crayfish had a lower expression of vitellogenin in the ovary and hepatopancreas, as well as smaller oocytes, and reduced vitellogenin content in the ovary. Despite these effects, circulating levels of estradiol increased in females exposed to 5 mg/L of atrazine, showing that the inhibiting effect of atrazine on vitellogenin production was not related to a lower secretion of sexual steroids. Instead, some early stimulating effects of estradiol on vitellogenesis could have occurred, particularly in the hepatopancreas. On the other hand, atrazine caused a higher metabolic effort, in terms of lactate production, presumably triggered to provide the energy needed to face the unspecific stress produced by the herbicide. Lipid peroxidation was not affected by atrazine, but glutathione levels were significantly increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Romina Silveyra
- Dept. of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Biodiversity, Experimental and Applied Biology (IBBEA), CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Dept. of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Itzick Vatnick
- Dept. of Biology, Widener University, Chester, PA 19809, USA.
| | - Daniel Alberto Medesani
- Dept. of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Biodiversity, Experimental and Applied Biology (IBBEA), CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Enrique Marcelo Rodríguez
- Dept. of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Biodiversity, Experimental and Applied Biology (IBBEA), CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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52
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Sandlund L, Kongshaug H, Horsberg TE, Male R, Nilsen F, Dalvin S. Identification and characterisation of the ecdysone biosynthetic genes neverland, disembodied and shade in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191995. [PMID: 29401467 PMCID: PMC5798790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The salmon louse is a marine ectoparasitic copepod on salmonid fishes. Its lifecycle consists of eight developmental stages, each separated by a molt. In crustaceans and insects, molting and reproduction is controlled by circulating steroid hormones such as 20-hydroxyecdysone. Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol through catalytic reactions involving a 7,8-dehydrogenase Neverland and several cytochrome P450 genes collectively called the Halloween genes. In this study, we have isolated and identified orthologs of neverland, disembodied and shade in the salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) genome. Tissue-specific expression analysis show that the genes are expressed in intestine and reproductive tissue. In addition, levels of the steroid hormones ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone and ponasterone A were measured during the reproductive stage of adult females and in early life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Sandlund
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Heidi Kongshaug
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tor Einar Horsberg
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Male
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank Nilsen
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sussie Dalvin
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
- * E-mail:
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53
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Bonnefille B, Gomez E, Alali M, Rosain D, Fenet H, Courant F. Metabolomics assessment of the effects of diclofenac exposure on Mytilus galloprovincialis: Potential effects on osmoregulation and reproduction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 613-614:611-618. [PMID: 28930695 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceutically active compounds in aquatic environments has become a major concern over the past 20years. Elucidation of their mode of action and effects in non-target organisms is thus now a major ecotoxicological challenge. Diclofenac (DCF) is among the pharmaceutical compounds of interest based on its inclusion in the European Union Water Framework Directive Watch List. In this study, our goal was to investigate the potential of a metabolomic approach to acquire information without any a priori hypothesis about diclofenac effects on marine mussels. For this purpose, mussel's profiles were generated by liquid chromatography combined with high resolution mass spectrometry. Two main metabolic pathways were found to be impacted by diclofenac exposure. The tyrosine metabolism was mostly down-modulated and the tryptophan metabolism was mostly up-modulated following exposure. To our knowledge, such DCF effects on mussels have never been described despite being of concern for these organisms: catecholamines and serotonin may be involved in osmoregulation, and in gamete release in mollusks. Our results suggest potential impairment of mussel osmoregulation and reproduction following a DCF exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénilde Bonnefille
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Elena Gomez
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mellis Alali
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Rosain
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Fenet
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Courant
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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Nelson JR, Schwartz TS, Gohlke JM. Influence of maternal age on the effects of seleno-l-methionine in the model organism Daphnia pulex under standard and heat stress conditions. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 75:1-9. [PMID: 29128604 PMCID: PMC5836502 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenium deficiency and toxicity increase the risk of adverse developmental and reproductive outcomes; however, few multi-stressor studies have evaluated the influence of maternal age on organic selenium dose-response and additional stressors over the life course. While multi-stressor research in mammalian models is time-consuming and expensive, use of alternative models can efficiently produce screening data for prioritizing research in mammalian systems. As a well-known eco-toxicological model, Daphnia pulex, may offer advantages in screening for impacts of multi-stressor exposures. We evaluated the influence of maternal age on the effects of seleno-methionine (SeMet) for lifespan, reproduction, and heat-stress resistance in D. pulex. Our results show effects of SeMet-treatment and maternal age, where the highest SeMet-treatment had reduced lifespan and absence of reproduction, and where Daphnia from late life broods had increased resistance to heat-induced stress. Further analysis suggests an additional interactive effect between maternal age and SeMet treatment on time to first reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R Nelson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, 35294, United States.
| | - Tonia S Schwartz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn AL, 36849, United States.
| | - Julia M Gohlke
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, United States.
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Smolarz K, Hallmann A, Zabrzańska S, Pietrasik A. Elevated gonadal atresia as biomarker of endocrine disruptors: Field and experimental studies using Mytilus trossulus (L.) and 17-alpha ethinylestradiol (EE2). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 120:58-67. [PMID: 28477987 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we compared the type and frequency of gonadal abnormalities among Mytilus trossulus populations from the Gulf of Gdańsk, Baltic Sea. Observed histopathologies were grouped as regressive changes (RC, gonadal atresia (GA) and regression (GR)), progressive changes (PC, gonadal tumors) and intersex. Sex-based and spatial differences in frequency of RC were found, with the highest frequency of RC and PC found in mussels from polluted station B followed by mussels from station A located near a purification plant outlet. Bivalves from the reference area had the lowest frequency of RC. In order to confirm biomarker applicability of RC, an exposure experiment with model xenoestrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) was performed. The exposure of M. trossulus to 50 and 500ngdL-1 of EE2 resulted in an increased frequency of gonadal regression and atresia, including melanized hemocytes infiltration in seminiferous tubules. We thus suggest that these changes can serve as biomarkers of endocrine disrupting compounds in biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Smolarz
- Department of Marine Ecosystem Functioning, University of Gdańsk, Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Anna Hallmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sandra Zabrzańska
- Department of Marine Ecosystem Functioning, University of Gdańsk, Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Anna Pietrasik
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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56
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Prisco M, Agnese M, De Marino A, Andreuccetti P, Rosati L. Spermatogenic Cycle and Steroidogenic Control of Spermatogenesis in Mytilus galloprovincialis Collected in the Bay of Naples. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2017; 300:1881-1894. [PMID: 28658561 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present article was to study the spermatogenic cycle of Mytilus galloprovincialis collected in the Bay of Naples during a whole year and to acquire new insights into the mechanism of control. Knowledge of the Mytilus cycle in this geographic area is of particular interest as, to the best of our knowledge, the male gonad cycle has been hitherto unexplored. Testis organization was evaluated together with the localization of the enzymes 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD, and P450-aromatase, which are strictly connected to the synthesis of two key hormones involved in the testis activity: testosterone and 17β-estradiol. It was demonstrated that: (1) the spermatogenic cycle starts in late Summer-early Fall and continues until early Winter, when the first spawning occurs; after rapid gonad restoration, several spawning events take place until June, when the testis becomes non-active again; (2) in the testis, true Leydig and Sertoli cells are present; (3) during the reproductive period, Sertoli, Leydig, germ, and adipogranular cells (ADGs) are positive to 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD, while only germ cells are positive to P450 aromatase; by contrast, during the resting period, only ADGs are positive to 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD, and P450-aromatase is no longer recognizable. The presence of a hermaphrodite sample is also described. Anat Rec, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 300:1881-1894, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Prisco
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy
| | - Marisa Agnese
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy
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57
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Song Y, Villeneuve DL, Toyota K, Iguchi T, Tollefsen KE. Ecdysone Receptor Agonism Leading to Lethal Molting Disruption in Arthropods: Review and Adverse Outcome Pathway Development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:4142-4157. [PMID: 28355071 PMCID: PMC6135102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Molting is critical for growth, development, reproduction, and survival in arthropods. Complex neuroendocrine pathways are involved in the regulation of molting and may potentially become targets of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Based on several known ED mechanisms, a wide range of pesticides has been developed to combat unwanted organisms in food production activities such as agriculture and aquaculture. Meanwhile, these chemicals may also pose hazards to nontarget species by causing molting defects, and thus potentially affecting the health of the ecosystems. The present review summarizes the available knowledge on molting-related endocrine regulation and chemically mediated disruption in arthropods (with special focus on insects and crustaceans), to identify research gaps and develop a mechanistic model for assessing environmental hazards of these compounds. Based on the review, multiple targets of EDCs in the molting processes were identified and the link between mode of action (MoA) and adverse effects characterized to inform future studies. An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) describing ecdysone receptor agonism leading to incomplete ecdysis associated mortality was developed according to the OECD guideline and subjected to weight of evidence considerations by evolved Bradford Hill Criteria. This review proposes the first invertebrate ED AOP and may serve as a knowledge foundation for future environmental studies and AOP development.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Song
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
- Corresponding Author: Knut Erik Tollefsen, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tlf.: 02348, Fax: (+47) 22 18 52 00, , You Song, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tlf.: 02348, Fax: (+47) 22 18 52 00,
| | | | - Kenji Toyota
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV). P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
- Corresponding Author: Knut Erik Tollefsen, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tlf.: 02348, Fax: (+47) 22 18 52 00, , You Song, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tlf.: 02348, Fax: (+47) 22 18 52 00,
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58
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Jones BL, Walker C, Azizi B, Tolbert L, Williams LD, Snell TW. Conservation of estrogen receptor function in invertebrate reproduction. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:65. [PMID: 28259146 PMCID: PMC5336670 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-0909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rotifers are microscopic aquatic invertebrates that reproduce both sexually and asexually. Though rotifers are phylogenetically distant from humans, and have specialized reproductive physiology, this work identifies a surprising conservation in the control of reproduction between humans and rotifers through the estrogen receptor. Until recently, steroid signaling has been observed in only a few invertebrate taxa and its role in regulating invertebrate reproduction has not been clearly demonstrated. Insights into the evolution of sex signaling pathways can be gained by clarifying how receptors function in invertebrate reproduction. Results In this paper, we show that a ligand-activated estrogen-like receptor in rotifers binds human estradiol and regulates reproductive output in females. In other invertebrates characterized thus far, ER ligand binding domains have occluded ligand-binding sites and the ERs are not ligand activated. We have used a suite of computational, biochemical and biological techniques to determine that the rotifer ER binding site is not occluded and can bind human estradiol. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that this mammalian hormone receptor plays a key role in reproduction of the ancient microinvertebrate Brachinous manjavacas. The presence and activity of the ER within the phylum Rotifera indicates that the ER structure and function is highly conserved throughout animal evolution. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0909-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brande L Jones
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0230, USA.
| | - Chris Walker
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0230, USA
| | - Bahareh Azizi
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Laren Tolbert
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0230, USA
| | - Loren Dean Williams
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0230, USA
| | - Terry W Snell
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0230, USA
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Markov GV, Gutierrez-Mazariegos J, Pitrat D, Billas IML, Bonneton F, Moras D, Hasserodt J, Lecointre G, Laudet V. Origin of an ancient hormone/receptor couple revealed by resurrection of an ancestral estrogen. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1601778. [PMID: 28435861 PMCID: PMC5375646 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The origin of ancient ligand/receptor couples is often analyzed via reconstruction of ancient receptors and, when ligands are products of metabolic pathways, they are not supposed to evolve. However, because metabolic pathways are inherited by descent with modification, their structure can be compared using cladistic analysis. Using this approach, we studied the evolution of steroid hormones. We show that side-chain cleavage is common to most vertebrate steroids, whereas aromatization was co-opted for estrogen synthesis from a more ancient pathway. The ancestral products of aromatic activity were aromatized steroids with a side chain, which we named "paraestrols." We synthesized paraestrol A and show that it effectively binds and activates the ancestral steroid receptor. Our study opens the way to comparative studies of biologically active small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel V. Markov
- Molecular Zoology Team, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Département Régulations, Développement et Diversité Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Paris, France
| | - Juliana Gutierrez-Mazariegos
- Molecular Zoology Team, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Delphine Pitrat
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5182, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Isabelle M. L. Billas
- Centre for Integrative Biology, Department of Integrated Structural Biology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Illkirch, France
- CNRS UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- INSERM U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - François Bonneton
- Molecular Zoology Team, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Dino Moras
- Centre for Integrative Biology, Department of Integrated Structural Biology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Illkirch, France
- CNRS UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- INSERM U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jens Hasserodt
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5182, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Guillaume Lecointre
- Département Systématique et Evolution, Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, UMR 7205, CNRS–MNHN–Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC)–École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP 30, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Molecular Zoology Team, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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Rapuano H, Brickner I, Shlesinger T, Meroz-Fine E, Tamir R, Loya Y. Reproductive strategies of the coral Turbinaria reniformis in the northern Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea). Sci Rep 2017; 7:42670. [PMID: 28195203 PMCID: PMC5307385 DOI: 10.1038/srep42670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we describe for the first time the reproductive biology of the scleractinian coral Turbinaria reniformis studied during three years at the coral reefs of Eilat and Aqaba. We also investigated the possibility of sex change in individually tagged colonies followed over a period of 12 years. T. reniformis was found to be a stable gonochorist (no detected sex change) that reproduces by broadcast spawning 5-6 nights after the full moon of June and July. Spawning was highly synchronized between individuals in the field and in the lab. Reproduction of T. reniformis is temporally isolated from the times at which most other corals reproduce in Eilat. Its relatively long reproductive cycle compared to other hermaphroditic corals may be due to the high reproductive effort associated with the production of eggs by gonochoristic females. Sex ratio in both the Aqaba and Eilat coral populations deviated significantly from a 1:1 ratio. The larger number of males than of females may provide a compensation for sperm limitation due to its dilution in the water column. We posit that such sex allocation would facilitate adaptation within gonochoristic species by increasing fertilization success in low density populations, constituting a phenomenon possibly regulated by chemical communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Rapuano
- Department of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Itzchak Brickner
- Department of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Tom Shlesinger
- Department of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Efrat Meroz-Fine
- The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences, P.O. Box 469, Eilat 8810369, Israel
| | - Raz Tamir
- Department of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
- The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences, P.O. Box 469, Eilat 8810369, Israel
| | - Yossi Loya
- Department of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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Watermann BT, Albanis TA, Galassi S, Gnass K, Kusk KO, Sakkas VA, Wollenberger L. Effects of anti-androgens cyproterone acetate, linuron, vinclozolin, and p,p'-DDE on the reproductive organs of the copepod Acartia tonsa. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2016; 51:1111-1120. [PMID: 27420117 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1199769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The study was performed to detect the effects of anti-androgenic compounds on the reproduction. In this paper alterations observed in the marine calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa exposed to environmental concentrations of cyproterone acetate (CPA), linuron (LIN), vinclozolin (VIN), and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) for 21 days covering a full life cycle are described. Histological alterations were studied with a focus on reproductive organs, gonad and accessory sexual glands. Exposure to ≥1.2 µg L(-1) CPA caused degeneration of spermatocytes and deformation of the spermatophore in males. In a single male exposed to 33 µg L(-1) CPA, an ovotestis was observed. In CPA exposed females, enhancement of oogenesis, increase in apoptosis and a decrease in proliferation occurred. Exposure of males to ≥12 µg L(-1) LIN caused degenerative effects in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids, and at 4.7 µg L(-1) LIN, the spermatophore wall displayed an irregular formation. In LIN exposed females, no such structural alterations were found; however, the proliferation index was reduced at 29 µg L(-1) LIN. At an exposure concentration of ≥100 µg L(-1) VIN, distinct areas in male gonad were stimulated, whereas others displayed a disturbed spermatogenesis and a deformed spermatophore wall. In VIN exposed female A. tonsa, no effects were observed. Male A. tonsa exposed to p,p'-DDE displayed an impairment of spermatogenesis in all stages with increased degrees of apoptosis. In p,p'-DDE-exposed females, a statistical significant increase of the proliferation index and an intensification of oogenesis were observed at 0.0088 µg L(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkard T Watermann
- a Laboratory for Aquatic Research and Comparative Pathology (LimnoMar) , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Triantafyllos A Albanis
- b Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Ioannina , Ioannina , Greece
| | - Silvana Galassi
- c Department of Biology , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Katarina Gnass
- a Laboratory for Aquatic Research and Comparative Pathology (LimnoMar) , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Kresten O Kusk
- d Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Vasilios A Sakkas
- b Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Ioannina , Ioannina , Greece
| | - Leah Wollenberger
- d Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
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Ip JCH, Leung PTY, Ho KKY, Qiu JW, Leung KMY. De novo transcriptome assembly of the marine gastropod Reishia clavigera for supporting toxic mechanism studies. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 178:39-48. [PMID: 27450239 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The intertidal whelk Reishia clavigera is commonly used as a biomonitor of chemical contamination in the marine environment along Western Pacific region, and as a model for mechanistic studies of organotin-mediated imposex development. However, limited genomic resources of R. clavigera have restricted its role for the investigation of molecular mechanisms of such endocrine disruptions. This study, therefore, aimed to establish tissue-specific transcriptomes of the digestive gland, gonad, head ganglia, penis and the remaining body part of the male and female R. clavigera. By combining the results, a global transcriptome was obtained. A total of 578,134,720 high-quality filtered reads were obtained using Illumina sequencing. The R. clavigera transcriptome comprised of 38,466 transcripts and 32,798 unigenes with predicted open reading frames. The average length of transcripts was 1,709bp with N50 of 2,236bp. Based on sequence similarity searches against public databases, 28,657 transcripts and 24,403 unigenes had at least one BLAST hit. There were 17,530 transcripts and 14,897 unigenes annotated with at least one Gene Ontology (GO) term. Moreover, 5,776 transcripts and 5,137 unigenes were associated with 333 Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The numbers of unigenes were similar among the five target tissues and between sexes, but tissue-specific expression profiles were revealed by multivariate analyses. Based on the functional annotation, putative steroid hormone-associated unigenes were identified. In particular, we highlighted the presence of steroid hormone receptor homologues that could be the targets for mechanistic studies of the organotin-mediated imposex development in marine gastropods. This newly generated transcriptome assembly of R. clavigera provides a valuable molecular resource for ecotoxicological and environmental genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack C H Ip
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Priscilla T Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin K Y Ho
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - J W Qiu
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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64
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Oliveira IB, Groh KJ, Stadnicka-Michalak J, Schönenberger R, Beiras R, Barroso CM, Langford KH, Thomas KV, Suter MJF. Tralopyril bioconcentration and effects on the gill proteome of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:198-210. [PMID: 27295630 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling (AF) systems are used worldwide as one of the most cost-effective ways of protecting submerged structures against heavy biofouling. The emergence of environmentally friendly AF biocides requires knowledge on their environmental fate and toxicity. In this study we measured the bioconcentration of the emerging AF biocide tralopyril (TP) in the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and investigated the effects of TP on the mussel gill proteome following acute (2days) and chronic (30days) exposure, as well as after a 10-day depuration period. The experiments were carried out with 1μg/L TP; blank and solvent (5×10(-5)% DMSO) controls were also included. Proteomics analysis was performed by mass spectrometry-based multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT). Differentially expressed proteins were identified using a label-free approach based on spectral counts and G-test. Our results show that TP is rapidly accumulated by mussels at concentrations up to 362ng/g dw (whole tissues), reaching steady-state condition within 13days. Ten days of depuration resulted in 80% elimination of accumulated TP from the organism, suggesting that a complete elimination could be reached with longer depuration times. In total, 46 proteins were found to be regulated in the different exposure scenarios. Interestingly, not only TP but also DMSO alone significantly modulated the protein expression in mussel gills following acute and chronic exposure. Both compounds regulated proteins involved in bioenergetics, immune system, active efflux and oxidative stress, often in the opposite way. Alterations of several proteins, notably several cytoskeletal ones, were still observed after the depuration period. These may reflect either the continuing chemical effect due to incomplete elimination or an onset of recovery processes in the mussel gills. Our study shows that exposure of adult mussels to sublethal TP concentration results in the bioconcentration of this biocide in the tissues and modulates the expression of several proteins that may intervene in important metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel B Oliveira
- Biology department and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ECIMAT, University of Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ksenia J Groh
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Julita Stadnicka-Michalak
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; EPF Lausanne, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - René Schönenberger
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Carlos M Barroso
- Biology department and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Kevin V Thomas
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marc J-F Suter
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Environmental Systems Science, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Kaur S, Baynes A, Lockyer AE, Routledge EJ, Jones CS, Noble LR, Jobling S. Steroid Androgen Exposure during Development Has No Effect on Reproductive Physiology of Biomphalaria glabrata. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159852. [PMID: 27448327 PMCID: PMC4957768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastropod mollusks have been proposed as alternative models for male reproductive toxicity testing, due to similarities in their reproductive anatomy compared to mammals, together with evidence that endocrine disrupting chemicals can cause effects in some mollusks analogous to those seen in mammals. To test this hypothesis, we used the freshwater pulmonate snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, for which various genetic tools and a draft genome have recently become available, to investigate the effects of two steroid androgens on the development of mollusk secondary sexual organs. Here we present the results of exposures to two potent androgens, the vertebrate steroid; 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the pharmaceutical anabolic steroid; 17α-methyltestosterone (MT), under continuous flow-through conditions throughout embryonic development and up to sexual maturity. Secondary sexual gland morphology, histopathology and differential gene expression analysis were used to determine whether steroid androgens stimulated or inhibited organ development. No significant differences between tissues from control and exposed snails were identified, suggesting that these androgens elicited no biologically detectable response normally associated with exposure to androgens in vertebrate model systems. Identifying no effect of androgens in this mollusk is significant, not only in the context of the suitability of mollusks as alternative model organisms for testing vertebrate androgen receptor agonists but also, if applicable to other similar mollusks, in terms of the likely impacts of androgens and anti-androgenic pollutants present in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satwant Kaur
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Baynes
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Anne E. Lockyer
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, Scotland
| | - Edwin J. Routledge
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine S. Jones
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, Scotland
| | - Leslie R. Noble
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, Scotland
| | - Susan Jobling
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
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66
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Omran NE, Salama WM. The endocrine disruptor effect of the herbicides atrazine and glyphosate on Biomphalaria alexandrina snails. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 32:656-65. [PMID: 24215068 DOI: 10.1177/0748233713506959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (AZ) and glyphosate (GL) are herbicides that are widely applied to cereal crops in Egypt. The present study was designed to investigate the response of the snailBiomphalaria alexandrina(Mollusca: Gastropoda) as a bioindicator for endocrine disrupters in terms of steroid levels (testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E)), alteration of microsomal CYP4501B1-like immunoreactivity, total protein (TP) level, and gonadal structure after exposure to sublethal concentrations of AZ or GL for 3 weeks. In order to study the ability of the snails' recuperation, the exposed snails were subjected to a recovery period for 2 weeks. The results showed that the level of T, E, and TP contents were significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.05) in both AZ- and GL-exposed groups compared with control (unexposed) group. The level of microsomal CYP4501B1-like immunoreactivity increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in GL- and AZ-exposed snails and reach nearly a 50% increase in AZ-exposed group. Histological investigation of the ovotestis showed that AZ and GL caused degenerative changes including azoospermia and oocytes deformation. Interestingly, all the recovered groups did not return back to their normal state. It can be concluded that both herbicides are endocrine disrupters and cause cellular toxicity indicated by the decrease of protein content and the increase in CYP4501B1-like immunoreactivity. This toxicity is irreversible and the snail is not able to recover its normal state. The fluctuation of CYP4501B1 suggests that this vertebrate-like enzyme may be functional also in the snail and may be used as a biomarker for insecticide toxicity.
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67
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Cheng W, Ren J, Huang Q, Long H, Jin H, Zhang L, Liu H, van Ofwegen L, Lin W. Pregnane steroids from a gorgonian coral Subergorgia suberosa with anti-flu virus effects. Steroids 2016; 108:99-104. [PMID: 26853156 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Five new pregnane-type steroids namely subergorgols T-X (1-5) and three known analogues (6-8) were isolated from a gorgonian coral Subergorgia suberosa. The structures of new compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR) data analyses, in association with photochemical transformation and ECD methods for the configurational assignment. Compounds 1-8 were evaluated for the inhibitory effects against H1N1 virus infected in MDCK cells, while subergorgols T-U and 1,2-dehydroprogesterone exerted potent inhibition against A/WSN/33 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jinwei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Qixi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Hailin Long
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Liangren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Huagang Liu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Leen van Ofwegen
- National Museum of Natural History Naturalis, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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68
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Oliveira E, Barata C, Piña B. Endocrine Disruption in the Omics Era: New Views, New Hazards, New Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2174/1874070701610010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The genome revolution has brought about a complete change on our view of biological systems. The quantitative determination of changes in all the major molecular components of the living cells, the "omics" approach, opened whole new fields for all health sciences, including toxicology. Endocrine disruption,i.e., the capacity of anthropogenic pollutants to alter the hormonal balance of the organisms, is one of the fields of Ecotoxicology in which omics has a relevant role. In the first place, the discovery of scores of potential targets in the genome of almost any Metazoan species studied so far, each of them being a putative candidate for interaction with endocrine disruptors. In addition, the understanding that ligands, receptors, and their physiological functions suffered fundamental variations during animal evolution makes it necessary to assess disruption effects separately for each major taxon. Fortunately, the same deal of knowledge on genes and genomes powered the development of new high-throughput techniques and holistic approaches. Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and others, together with appropriate prediction and modeling tools, will mark the future of endocrine disruption assessment both for wildlife and humans.
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69
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Sumiya E, Ogino Y, Toyota K, Miyakawa H, Miyagawa S, Iguchi T. Neverlandregulates embryonic moltings through the regulation of ecdysteroid synthesis in the water fleaDaphnia magna, and may thus act as a target for chemical disruption of molting. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:1476-85. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eri Sumiya
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI; (Graduate University for Advanced Studies; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Yukiko Ogino
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI; (Graduate University for Advanced Studies; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Kenji Toyota
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyakawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education; Utsunomiya University; 350 Mine-machi Utsunomiya Tochigi 321-8505 Japan
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI; (Graduate University for Advanced Studies; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI; (Graduate University for Advanced Studies; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
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Goldstone JV, Sundaramoorthy M, Zhao B, Waterman MR, Stegeman JJ, Lamb DC. Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 94:676-687. [PMID: 26432395 PMCID: PMC4801120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of steroid hormones in vertebrates involves three cytochrome P450 hydroxylases, CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1, which catalyze sequential steps in steroidogenesis. These enzymes are conserved in the vertebrates, but their origin and existence in other chordate subphyla (Tunicata and Cephalochordata) have not been clearly established. In this study, selected protein sequences of CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 were compiled and analyzed using multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Our analyses show that cephalochordates have sequences orthologous to vertebrate CYP11A1, CYP17A1 or CYP19A1, and that echinoderms and hemichordates possess CYP11-like but not CYP19 genes. While the cephalochordate sequences have low identity with the vertebrate sequences, reflecting evolutionary distance, the data show apparent origin of CYP11 prior to the evolution of CYP19 and possibly CYP17, thus indicating a sequential origin of these functionally related steroidogenic CYPs. Co-occurrence of the three CYPs in early chordates suggests that the three genes may have coevolved thereafter, and that functional conservation should be reflected in functionally important residues in the proteins. CYP19A1 has the largest number of conserved residues while CYP11A1 sequences are less conserved. Structural analyses of human CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 show that critical substrate binding site residues are highly conserved in each enzyme family. The results emphasize that the steroidogenic pathways producing glucocorticoids and reproductive steroids are several hundred million years old and that the catalytic structural elements of the enzymes have been conserved over the same period of time. Analysis of these elements may help to identify when precursor functions linked to these enzymes first arose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared V Goldstone
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | | | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Michael R Waterman
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - John J Stegeman
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
| | - David C Lamb
- Institute of Life Science, Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
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Silvia M, Paolo T, Nobile M, Denise F, Cinta P, Michela S. Unraveling estradiol metabolism and involvement in the reproductive cycle of non-vertebrate animals: The sea urchin model. Steroids 2015; 104:25-36. [PMID: 26277857 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) is a well-known hormone in vertebrates whereas in invertebrates its unambiguous presence was verified only in some species. Weather this presence is also associated to similarly conserved roles in animal phylogeny is similarly uncertain. Due to their phylogenetic position, echinoderms represent ideal experimental models to provide evolutionary insights into estrogen appearance and function. Therefore, in this research, we investigated if E2 is truly present and has a role in the reproductive biology of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Presence of 17β estradiol in body fluids was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. By immunological methods (RIA) we evaluated the physiological circulating E2 levels of adult specimens and, on the basis of these, we directly administered E2 to study its metabolism and its putative effects on gonad development at physiological doses. Although different E2 tested concentrations, a correspondent dose-dependent increase of hormone levels was not found in both body fluids and gonads, suggesting the presence of potent homeostatic/detoxification mechanisms. These latter do not involve enzymes such as aromatase-like, sulfotransferase-like and acyltransferase-like, whose activities were not affected by E2 administration. Despite the increase of endogenous E2, the treatment did not induce significant variations in none of the considered reproductive parameters. Overall, this research (1) provides definitive evidence of E2 presence in sea urchin tissues and (2) demonstrate that, differently from vertebrates and starfish, E2 does not play a key role in sea urchins reproductive processes. Intra-phylum differences suggest the existence of class-specific hormonal mechanisms and highlight the risk of Phylum generalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercurio Silvia
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tremolada Paolo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Nobile
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fernandes Denise
- FCT, CIMA, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Porte Cinta
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, calle Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sugni Michela
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Dimastrogiovanni G, Fernandes D, Bonastre M, Porte C. Progesterone is actively metabolized to 5α-pregnane-3,20-dione and 3β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one by the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 165:93-100. [PMID: 26026673 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) and synthetic progestins enter the aquatic environment through wastewater treatment plant effluents and agricultural run-off, posing potential risks to aquatic organisms due to their biological activity. P4 is a precursor of a number of steroids in vertebrates, including estrogens and androgens. Mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed to P4 at the ng to low μg/L range (0.02-10μg/L) for 7 days with the aim of (a) assessing potential alterations on endogenous steroids as a consequence of exposure, and (b) describing the enzymatic pathways involved in P4 metabolism in mussels. No significant alteration of the levels of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) was observed in mantle/gonad tissue of exposed mussels, in spite of a 5.6-fold increase in immunoreactive T in those exposed to 10μg P4/L, which was attributed to cross-reactivity. P4 was actively metabolized to 5α-pregnane-3,20-dione (5α-DHP) and 3β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one (3β,20-one) in digestive gland, with no evidence for the synthesis of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone or androstenedione. The metabolism of P4 to 5α-DHP was not altered by exposure. Histological examination of the gonads suggested that exposure to 10μg/L P4 induced gamete maturation and release in mussels. Nonetheless, environmental concentrations of P4 are unlikely to have an endocrine action in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Fernandes
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; FCT, CIMA, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Marta Bonastre
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinta Porte
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Avila-Poveda OH, Montes-Pérez RC, Koueta N, Benítez-Villalobos F, Ramírez-Pérez JS, Jimenez-Gutierrez L, Rosas C. Seasonal changes of progesterone and testosterone concentrations throughout gonad maturation stages of the Mexican octopus,Octopus maya(Octopodidae: Octopus). MOLLUSCAN RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13235818.2015.1045055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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74
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Sex-related differences in steroid concentrations in the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis trossulus) from the southern Baltic Sea. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 183:14-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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75
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Kaur S, Jobling S, Jones CS, Noble LR, Routledge EJ, Lockyer AE. The nuclear receptors of Biomphalaria glabrata and Lottia gigantea: implications for developing new model organisms. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121259. [PMID: 25849443 PMCID: PMC4388693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are transcription regulators involved in an array of diverse physiological functions including key roles in endocrine and metabolic function. The aim of this study was to identify nuclear receptors in the fully sequenced genome of the gastropod snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni and compare these to known vertebrate NRs, with a view to assessing the snail's potential as a invertebrate model organism for endocrine function, both as a prospective new test organism and to elucidate the fundamental genetic and mechanistic causes of disease. For comparative purposes, the genome of a second gastropod, the owl limpet, Lottia gigantea was also investigated for nuclear receptors. Thirty-nine and thirty-three putative NRs were identified from the B. glabrata and L. gigantea genomes respectively, based on the presence of a conserved DNA-binding domain and/or ligand-binding domain. Nuclear receptor transcript expression was confirmed and sequences were subjected to a comparative phylogenetic analysis, which demonstrated that these molluscs have representatives of all the major NR subfamilies (1-6). Many of the identified NRs are conserved between vertebrates and invertebrates, however differences exist, most notably, the absence of receptors of Group 3C, which includes some of the vertebrate endocrine hormone targets. The mollusc genomes also contain NR homologues that are present in insects and nematodes but not in vertebrates, such as Group 1J (HR48/DAF12/HR96). The identification of many shared receptors between humans and molluscs indicates the potential for molluscs as model organisms; however the absence of several steroid hormone receptors indicates snail endocrine systems are fundamentally different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satwant Kaur
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Jobling
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine S. Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie R. Noble
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Edwin J. Routledge
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne E. Lockyer
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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76
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Medesani DA, Ferré LE, Canosa IS, Silveyra GR, Rodríguez EM. Induction of vitellogenesis by 17-hydroxyprogesterone and methyl farnesoate during post-reproductive period, in the estuarine crabNeohelice granulata. INVERTEBR REPROD DEV 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2015.1019014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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77
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Kidd KA, Paterson MJ, Rennie MD, Podemski CL, Findlay DL, Blanchfield PJ, Liber K. Direct and indirect responses of a freshwater food web to a potent synthetic oestrogen. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2014; 369:20130578. [PMID: 25405967 PMCID: PMC4213590 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in municipal effluents directly affect the sexual development and reproductive success of fishes, but indirect effects on invertebrate prey or fish predators through reduced predation or prey availability, respectively, are unknown. At the Experimental Lakes Area in northwestern Ontario, Canada, a long-term, whole-lake experiment was conducted using a before-after-control-impact design to determine both direct and indirect effects of the synthetic oestrogen used in the birth control pill, 17α-ethynyloestradiol (EE2). Algal, microbial, zooplankton and benthic invertebrate communities showed no declines in abundance during three summers of EE2 additions (5-6 ng l(-1)), indicating no direct toxic effects. Recruitment of fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) failed, leading to a near-extirpation of this species both 2 years during (young-of-year, YOY) and 2 years following (adults and YOY) EE2 additions. Body condition of male lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and male and female white sucker (Catostomus commersonii) declined before changes in prey abundance, suggesting direct effects of EE2 on this endpoint. Evidence of indirect effects of EE2 was also observed. Increases in zooplankton, Chaoborus, and emerging insects were observed after 2 or 3 years of EE2 additions, strongly suggesting indirect effects mediated through the reduced abundance of several small-bodied fishes. Biomass of top predator lake trout declined by 23-42% during and after EE2 additions, most probably an indirect effect from the loss of its prey species, the fathead minnow and slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus). Our results demonstrate that small-scale studies focusing solely on direct effects are likely to underestimate the true environmental impacts of oestrogens in municipal wastewaters and provide further evidence of the value of whole-ecosystem experiments for understanding indirect effects of EDCs and other aquatic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Kidd
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada E2L 4L5
| | - Michael J Paterson
- Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N6 International Institute for Sustainable Development-Experimental Lakes Area, 161 Portage Avenue East, 6th Floor, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3B 0Y4
| | - Michael D Rennie
- Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N6 International Institute for Sustainable Development-Experimental Lakes Area, 161 Portage Avenue East, 6th Floor, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3B 0Y4
| | - Cheryl L Podemski
- Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N6
| | - Dave L Findlay
- Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N6
| | - Paul J Blanchfield
- Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N6
| | - Karsten Liber
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5B3
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78
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Morthorst JE, Holbech H, Jeppesen M, Kinnberg KL, Pedersen KL, Bjerregaard P. Evaluation of yolk protein levels as estrogenic biomarker in bivalves; comparison of the alkali-labile phosphate method (ALP) and a species-specific immunoassay (ELISA). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 166:88-95. [PMID: 25066673 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Altered concentration of the vertebrate yolk protein precursor vitellogenin is a recognized biomarker for endocrine disruption in fish, and within recent years yolk protein alteration has also been associated with endocrine disruption in bivalves. Species-specific, direct and sensitive methods for quantification of vitellogenin in fish have been available for years whereas bivalve yolk protein levels have been estimated indirectly by alkali-labile phosphate (ALP) liberated from high molecular weight proteins because the sequence and biochemical structure of most bivalve yolk proteins are unknown. By applying a species-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for accurate determination of yolk protein level the impact of 17β-estradiol (57, 164 and 512 ng/L) on the freshwater bivalve Unio tumidus was investigated and compared with ALP estimations. Seven weeks of exposure during the pre-spawning and spawning period had no consistent effect on yolk protein concentration in hemolymph, and ALP levels in hemolymph also remained unchanged in both males and females. Further, basal male and female ALP levels were indistinguishable whereas the ELISA demonstrated that yolk protein levels of females exceeded male levels at the time of sampling, although male basal levels were high compared to fish. Altogether it is shown that individual ALP levels do not reflect yolk protein levels and hence hemolymph ALP levels cannot serve as biomarker for estrogenic exposure during the pre-spawning and spawning period in U. tumidus. The necessity of sensitive and validated biomarkers for reliable interpretation of data and the utility of ALP and yolk protein levels as biomarkers in bivalves are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Morthorst
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Morten Jeppesen
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Karin L Kinnberg
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Knud L Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Poul Bjerregaard
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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79
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Giusti A, Lagadic L, Barsi A, Thomé JP, Joaquim-Justo C, Ducrot V. Investigating apical adverse effects of four endocrine active substances in the freshwater gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 493:147-55. [PMID: 24950493 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The hermaphroditic gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis is proposed as a candidate species for the development of OECD guidelines for testing of the reprotoxicity of chemicals, including endocrine active substances (EASs). Up to now, only a few putative EASs have been tested for their reproductive toxicity in this species. In this study, we investigate the effects of four EASs with different affinities to the vertebrate estrogen and androgen receptors (chlordecone as an estrogen; cyproterone acetate, fenitrothion and vinclozolin as anti-androgens) on the reproduction of L. stagnalis in a 21-day semi-static test. Testosterone and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) were used as the reference compounds. The tested EASs had no significant effect on growth and survival at the tested concentration ranges (ng to μg/L). Classical reproduction endpoints (i.e., oviposition and fecundity) were not responsive to the tested chemicals, except for chlordecone and 17α-ethinylestradiol, which hampered reproduction from 19.6 μg/L and 17.6 μg/L, respectively. The frequency of polyembryonic eggs, used as an additional endpoint, demonstrated the effects of all compounds except EE2. The molecular pathways, which are involved in such reproduction impairments, remain unknown. Our results suggest that egg quality is a more sensitive endpoint as compared to other reproductive endpoints commonly assessed in mollusk toxicity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Giusti
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liege University, 15 Allée du 6 août, 4000 Liège, Belgium; INRA, UMR0985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Equipe Ecotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux Aquatiques, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, CS 84215, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Laurent Lagadic
- INRA, UMR0985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Equipe Ecotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux Aquatiques, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, CS 84215, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Alpar Barsi
- INRA, UMR0985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Equipe Ecotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux Aquatiques, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, CS 84215, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Thomé
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liege University, 15 Allée du 6 août, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Célia Joaquim-Justo
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liege University, 15 Allée du 6 août, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Virginie Ducrot
- INRA, UMR0985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Equipe Ecotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux Aquatiques, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, CS 84215, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
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80
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Sumiya E, Ogino Y, Miyakawa H, Hiruta C, Toyota K, Miyagawa S, Iguchi T. Roles of ecdysteroids for progression of reproductive cycle in the fresh water crustacean Daphnia magna. Front Zool 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/s12983-014-0060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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81
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Vogeler S, Galloway TS, Lyons BP, Bean TP. The nuclear receptor gene family in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, contains a novel subfamily group. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:369. [PMID: 24885009 PMCID: PMC4070562 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear receptors are a superfamily of transcription factors important in key biological, developmental and reproductive processes. Several of these receptors are ligand- activated and through their ability to bind endogenous and exogenous ligands, are potentially vulnerable to xenobiotics. Molluscs are key ecological species in defining aquatic and terrestrial habitats and are sensitive to xenobiotic compounds in the environment. However, the understanding of nuclear receptor presence, function and xenobiotic disruption in the phylum Mollusca is limited. RESULTS Here, forty-three nuclear receptor sequences were mined from the genome of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. They include members of NR0-NR5 subfamilies, notably lacking any NR6 members. Phylogenetic analyses of the oyster nuclear receptors have been conducted showing the presence of a large novel subfamily group not previously reported, which is named NR1P. Homologues to all previous identified nuclear receptors in other mollusc species have also been determined including the putative heterodimer partner retinoid X receptor, estrogen receptor and estrogen related receptor. CONCLUSION C. gigas contains a highly diverse set of nuclear receptors including a novel NR1 group, which provides important information on presence and evolution of this transcription factor superfamily in invertebrates. The Pacific oyster possesses two members of NR3, the sex steroid hormone receptor analogues, of which there are 9 in humans. This provides increasing evidence that steroid ligand specific expansion of this family is deuterostome specific. This new knowledge on divergence and emergence of nuclear receptors in C. gigas provides essential information for studying regulation of molluscan gene expression and the potential effects of xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Vogeler
- />School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD UK
- />Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Cefas Weymouth Laboratory, Barrack Road, Weymouth, DT4 8UB UK
| | - Tamara S Galloway
- />School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD UK
| | - Brett P Lyons
- />Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Cefas Weymouth Laboratory, Barrack Road, Weymouth, DT4 8UB UK
| | - Tim P Bean
- />Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Cefas Weymouth Laboratory, Barrack Road, Weymouth, DT4 8UB UK
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82
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Zounkova R, Jalova V, Janisova M, Ocelka T, Jurcikova J, Halirova J, Giesy JP, Hilscherova K. In situ effects of urban river pollution on the mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum as part of an integrated assessment. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 150:83-92. [PMID: 24658013 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The freshwater mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) is sensitive to toxicity of both sediment and water and also to the endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) at environmentally relevant concentrations. This study determined effects of in situ exposure of P. antipodarum as a part of a complex assessment of the impact of a city metropolitan area with large waste water treatment plant (WWTP) for 0.5 million population equivalents on two urban rivers. The study combined the in situ biotest with detailed chemical analyses and a battery of in vitro bioassays of both sediment and water. Passive sampling of river water was conducted during the course of exposure of the mudsnail. P. antipodarum was exposed for 8 weeks in cages permeable to sediment and water at localities up- and down-stream of the city of Brno, Czech Republic and downstream of the WWTP in two rivers. Greater mortality and significantly decreased embryo production of P. antipodarum were observed immediately downstream of the city of Brno. P. antipodarum exposed at locations downstream of the metropolitan area and WWTP exhibited greater mortality, while numbers of embryos produced by surviving individuals were comparable or slightly greater than for individuals held at the least polluted location. Comparisons with results of chemical analysis and in vitro assays indicate occurrence of groups of compounds contributing to observed effects. Differences in mortalities of mudsnails among sites corresponded well with in vitro cytotoxicity and concentrations of metals. The results of this study confirm the applicability of this novel field biotest with P. antipodarum for the evaluation of the effects of river pollution on metazoans, especially as suitable in situ part of integrative contamination assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Zounkova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Jalova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Janisova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Ocelka
- Institute of Public Health, Partyzánské nám. 7, 70200 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Jurcikova
- Institute of Public Health, Partyzánské nám. 7, 70200 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Halirova
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Kroftova 2578/43, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - John P Giesy
- Department Biomedical Veterinary Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4 Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Zoology, and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Biology and Chemistry and State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Klara Hilscherova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
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83
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Liu J, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Liu X, Yang D, Ma X. Variations of estradiol-17β and testosterone levels correlated with gametogenesis in the gonad of Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) during annual reproductive cycle. CAN J ZOOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2013-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To assess the potential roles of sex steroids in modulating reproductive processes in the Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri (Jones and Preston, 1904)), variations in estradiol-17β (E2) and testosterone (T) levels in gonads were examined monthly from January to December 2012 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mean concentrations of E2 and T in gonads ranged from 75.07 to 666.24 pg/g and from 91.09 to 506.28 pg/g, respectively. Concentrations of E2 were significantly higher in ovaries than in testes, while T concentrations were higher in testes than in ovaries during gametogenesis. Concentrations of E2 in females and T in males increased with development and maturation of gonad, attained the highest value before spawning, and decreased rapidly after spawning. A positive correlation between E2 levels and oocyte diameters (r = 0.743, P < 0.05, n = 25) was observed, suggesting that E2 may play a role in oogenesis. These findings indicate that E2 and T, which are highly correlated with the reproductive cycle, may play an important role in sex determination, sex differentiation, gametogenesis, and spawning in C. farreri.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Z. Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - L. Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - X. Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - D. Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
| | - X. Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
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Long M, Strand J, Lassen P, Krüger T, Dahllöf I, Bossi R, Larsen MM, Wiberg-Larsen P, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC. Endocrine-disrupting effects of compounds in Danish streams. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 66:1-18. [PMID: 24145922 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-013-9959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Effluents from municipal wastewater-treatment plants and scattered dwellings, as well as runoff from agricultural fields, are sources of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the aquatic environment. The present study investigated the correlation between the occurrence of EDCs in nine Danish streams using passive samplers (polar organic integrative samplers and silicone membranes) and determined their possible biological effects as assessed by mammal cell cultures and the mussel (Unio tumidus). The passive samplers and mussels were exposed simultaneously at the study sites. The extracts from the passive samplers were used to measure the concentrations of EDCs and the biological effects on the estrogen (ER), androgen (AR), and aryl hydrocarbon (AhR)-receptor transactivation. Male mussels were investigated for biomarkers of endocrine effects, such as the levels of vitellogenin-like proteins measured as alkali-labile phosphate (ALP). EDC concentrations, hormone-receptor transactivation (ER, AR, AhR), and level of ALP were greater downstream of wastewater-treatment plants compared with upstream sites and sites supposed to be relatively nonimpacted by wastewater. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between in vitro AhR transactivation and frequency of ALP of male mussels. We conclude that wastewater effluent is an important source of endocrine-disrupting effects in the aquatic environment and that the combination of biological effect measurements and chemical analyses based on passive sampling is useful in the assessment of the ecological state of the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhai Long
- Unit of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Public Health, Centre for Arctic Health, Aarhus University, BartholinsAllé 2, Building 1260, 8000, Århus C, Denmark,
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Avila-Poveda OH, Montes-Pérez RC, Benitez-Villalobos F, Rosas C. Development and Validation of a Solid-Phase Radioimmunoassay for Measuring Progesterone and Testosterone in Octopus Gonad Extracts. MALACOLOGIA 2013. [DOI: 10.4002/040.056.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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86
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Chambers JE, Greim H, Kendall RJ, Segner H, Sharpe RM, Van Der Kraak G. Human and ecological risk assessment of a crop protection chemical: a case study with the azole fungicide epoxiconazole. Crit Rev Toxicol 2013; 44:176-210. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2013.855163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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87
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Giusti A, Joaquim-Justo C. Esterification of vertebrate like steroids in molluscs: a target of endocrine disruptors? Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 158:187-98. [PMID: 24004916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of the reproductive organs of gastropod molluscs exposed to pollutants have been reported in natural populations for more than 40 years. In some cases, these impacts have been linked to exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which are known to induce adverse impacts on vertebrates, mainly by direct binding to steroid receptors or by altering hormone synthesis. Investigations on the mechanisms of action of endocrine disruptors in molluscs show that EDCs induce modifications of endogenous titres of androgens (e.g., testosterone, androstenedione) and oestrogens (e.g., 17ß-oestradiol). Alterations of the activity of enzymes related to steroid metabolism (i.e., cytochrome P-450 aromatase, acyltransferases) are also often observed. In bivalves and gastropods, fatty acid esterification of steroids might constitute the major regulation of androgen and oestrogen homeostasis. The present review indicates that metabolism of steroid hormones to fatty acid esters might be a target of synthetic EDCs. Alterations of this process would impact the concentrations of free, potentially bioactive, form of steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Giusti
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liège University, 15 Allée du 6 août, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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88
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Giusti A, Ducrot V, Joaquim-Justo C, Lagadic L. Testosterone levels and fecundity in the hermaphroditic aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis exposed to testosterone and endocrine disruptors. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2013; 32:1740-1745. [PMID: 23564527 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors are known to alter endogenous free and esterified levels of androgenic and estrogenic steroid hormones in aquatic mollusks. The origin of steroids in these animals, however, remains controversial. In the present study, free and esterified testosterone concentrations were measured in the hermaphroditic aquatic gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis exposed to molecules known for their androgenic (testosterone and tributyltin), anti-androgenic (cyproterone-acetate), and estrogenic (chlordecone) properties, by reference to their mode of action in vertebrates. In parallel, snail oviposition and fecundity were followed over a 21-d exposure period. Testosterone exposure resulted in increased esterified testosterone levels, whereas free testosterone concentrations remained stable. In contrast, cyproterone-acetate significantly increased the free form of testosterone with no changes in the esterified form, whereas chlordecone showed a tendency to reduce (though not significantly) esterified testosterone concentrations without changing free testosterone levels. Finally, tributyltin did not alter testosterone homeostasis. The production of egg clutches and eggs was significantly reduced only in the snails exposed to the highest concentrations of chlordecone (19.6 µg/L) and tributyltin (94.2 ng Sn/L). Overall, the present study demonstrates that uptake of testosterone from the exposure medium occurs in L. stagnalis. Moreover, it shows that cyproterone-acetate and, to a lesser extent, chlordecone can alter endogenous testosterone levels in this freshwater snail. However, the relationship between hormonal changes and snail reproduction has not been established. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1740-1745. © 2013 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Giusti
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liege University, Liège, Belgium
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89
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Watermann BT, Albanis TA, Dagnac T, Gnass K, Ole Kusk K, Sakkas VA, Wollenberger L. Effects of methyltestosterone, letrozole, triphenyltin and fenarimol on histology of reproductive organs of the copepod Acartia tonsa. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:544-554. [PMID: 23664474 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The marine calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa was exposed to methyltestosterone (MET, 1.6-126 μg L(-1)), letrozole (LET, 10-1000 μg L(-1)), triphenyltin chloride (TPT, 0.0014-0.0088 μg L(-1) TPT-Sn) and fenarimol (FEN, 2.8-105 μg L(-1)) for 21 d covering a full life-cycle. All four compounds investigated are known to act as androgens in vertebrates. The digestive tract, musculature, nervous system, reproductive organs, gonad and accessory sexual glands were examined by light microscopy after routine staining and immune-labelling for detection of apoptosis and determination of proliferation activities. MET induced an inhibition of oogenesis, oocyte maturation and yolk formation, respectively, which was most pronounced at the lowest concentrations tested. In LET exposed males, spermatogenesis was enhanced with very prominent gamete stages; in some stages apoptosis occurred. The spermatophore was hypertrophied and displayed deformations. In females, LET induced a disorder of oogenesis and disturbances in yolk synthesis. TPT stimulated the male reproductive system at 0.0014 and 0.0035 μg TPT-SnL(-1), whereas inhibiting effects were observed in the female gonad at 0.0088 μg TPT-SnL(-1). In FEN exposed females proliferation of gametes was reduced and yolk formation showed irregular features at 2.8-105 μgL(-1). In FEN exposed males an elevated proliferation activity was observed. No pathological alterations in other organ systems, e.g. the digestive tract including the hindgut acting as respiratory organ, the nervous system, or the musculature were seen. This indicates that the effects on gonads might be caused rather by disturbance of endocrine signalling or interference with hormone metabolism than by general toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkard T Watermann
- Laboratory for Aquatic Research and Comparative Pathology (LimnoMar), Bei der Neuen Muenze 11, D-22145 Hamburg, Germany.
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90
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Nervous control of reproduction in Octopus vulgaris: a new model. INVERTEBRATE NEUROSCIENCE 2013; 13:27-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10158-013-0149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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91
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Buaklin A, Sittikankaew K, Khamnamtong B, Menasveta P, Klinbunga S. Characterization and expression analysis of the Broad-complex (Br-c) gene of the giant tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 164:280-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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92
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Pagliarani A, Nesci S, Ventrella V. Toxicity of organotin compounds: Shared and unshared biochemical targets and mechanisms in animal cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:978-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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93
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Scott AP. Do mollusks use vertebrate sex steroids as reproductive hormones? II. Critical review of the evidence that steroids have biological effects. Steroids 2013; 78:268-81. [PMID: 23219696 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In assessing the evidence as to whether vertebrate sex steroids (e.g. testosterone, estradiol, progesterone) have hormonal actions in mollusks, ca. 85% of research papers report at least one biological effect; and 18 out of 21 review papers (published between 1970 and 2012) express a positive view. However, just under half of the research studies can be rejected on the grounds that they did not actually test steroids, but compounds or mixtures that were only presumed to behave as steroids (or modulators of steroids) on the basis of their effects in vertebrates (e.g. Bisphenol-A, nonylphenol and sewage treatment effluents). Of the remaining 55 papers, some can be criticized for having no statistical analysis; some for using only a single dose of steroid; others for having irregular dose-response curves; 40 out of the 55 for not replicating the treatments; and 50 out of 55 for having no within-study repetition. Furthermore, most studies had very low effect sizes in comparison to fish-based bioassays for steroids (i.e. they had a very weak 'signal-to-noise' ratio). When these facts are combined with the fact that none of the studies were conducted with rigorous randomization or 'blinding' procedures (implying the possibility of 'operator bias') one must conclude that there is no indisputable bioassay evidence that vertebrate sex steroids have endocrinological or reproductive roles in mollusks. The only observation that has been independently validated is the ability of estradiol to trigger rapid (1-5 min) lysosomal membrane breakdown in hemocytes of Mytilus spp. This is a typical 'inflammatory' response, however, and is not proof that estradiol is a hormone - especially when taken in conjunction with the evidence (discussed in a previous review) that mollusks have neither the enzymes necessary to synthesize vertebrate steroids nor nuclear receptors with which to respond to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Scott
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, Dorset, UK.
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94
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Zaika OA, Dolmatova LS. Cooperative apoptosis of coelomocytes of the holothurian <i>Eupentacta fraudatrix</i> and its modulation by dexamethasone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2013.49119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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95
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Testosterone, gonadotropins and androgen receptor during spermatogenesis of Biomphalaria alexandrina snails (Pulmonata: Basommatophora). Reprod Biol 2012; 12:301-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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96
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Nyman AM, Schirmer K, Ashauer R. Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic modelling of survival of Gammarus pulex in multiple pulse exposures to propiconazole: model assumptions, calibration data requirements and predictive power. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2012; 21:1828-40. [PMID: 22562719 PMCID: PMC3431474 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-0917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models quantify the time-course of internal concentration, which is defined by uptake, elimination and biotransformation (TK), and the processes which lead to the toxic effects (TD). TKTD models show potential in predicting pesticide effects in fluctuating concentrations, but the data requirements and validity of underlying model assumptions are not known. We calibrated TKTD models to predict survival of Gammarus pulex in propiconazole exposure and investigated the data requirements. In order to assess the need of TK in survival models, we included or excluded simulated internal concentrations based on pre-calibrated TK. Adding TK did not improve goodness of fits. Moreover, different types of calibration data could be used to model survival, which might affect model parameterization. We used two types of data for calibration: acute toxicity (standard LC50, 4 d) or pulsed toxicity data (total length 10 d). The calibration data set influenced how well the survival in the other exposure scenario was predicted (acute to pulsed scenario or vice versa). We also tested two contrasting assumptions in ecotoxicology: stochastic death and individual tolerance distribution. Neither assumption fitted to data better than the other. We observed in 10-d toxicity experiments that pulsed treatments killed more organisms than treatments with constant concentration. All treatments received the same dose, i.e. the time-weighted average concentration was equal. We studied mode of toxic action of propiconazole and it likely acts as a baseline toxicant in G. pulex during 10-days of exposure for the endpoint survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maija Nyman
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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97
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Armoza-Zvuloni R, Kramarsky-Winter E, Rosenfeld H, Shore LS, Segal R, Sharon D, Loya Y. Reproductive characteristics and steroid levels in the scleractinian coral Oculina patagonica inhabiting contaminated sites along the Israeli Mediterranean coast. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2012; 64:1556-1563. [PMID: 22743234 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study we compared reproductive characteristics and steroid hormone levels in the non-indigenous scleractinian coral, Oculina patagonica, inhabiting contaminated vs. uncontaminated reference sites along the Israeli Mediterranean coast. Our results indicate significantly higher steroid levels in both seawater and coral tissue samples from contaminated sites as compared to reference sites, suggesting that corals tend to accumulate steroids from the surrounding waters. Despite their higher steroid levels, corals from the contaminated sites showed reproductive potential comparable to those of the reference sites. Interestingly, a clear distinction could be seen between corals exposed to pollution for long vs. short durations, with the latter showing a failure to complete gametogenesis. This suggests that reproduction in O. patagonica is susceptible to acute rather than chronic stress. The involvement of adjustment/adaptation processes may explain this species tolerance, and may reflect the ability of O. patagonica to successfully invade new areas in the Mediterranean Sea.
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98
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Hallgren P, Sorita Z, Berglund O, Persson A. Effects of 17α-ethinylestradiol on individual life-history parameters and estimated population growth rates of the freshwater gastropods Radix balthica and Bithynia tentaculata. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2012; 21:803-810. [PMID: 22197991 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-011-0841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Studies of aquatic environments exposed to 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) have demonstrated detrimental effects on fish communities. However, much less is known about effects on macro-invertebrates and especially how long-term exposure may affect critical life stages and ultimately population dynamics. We studied the effects of EE2 on relevant endpoints for population growth in two common freshwater gastropods, Radix balthica and Bithynia tentaculata, that differ in reproductive, foraging and anti-predator strategies and endocrine systems. We quantified critical life-history parameters (mortality, somatic growth rate, days to and size at first reproduction, egg production and hatching success) in a concentration-response, life cycle experiment. The two species responded to EE2 exposure in different ways, B. tentaculata showing a significantly lower somatic growth rate and R. balthica a higher somatic growth rate. However, the magnitudes of the effects were small and EE2 exposure did not have any significant effect on estimated population growth rates for the two snail species. The significant effects of EE2 on individual endpoints, but not on population growth rate for both species, emphasise the importance of evaluating higher level effects from long-term exposure studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Hallgren
- Department of Biology, Aquatic Ecology, Ecology Building, University of Lund, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.
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99
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Bachelot M, Li Z, Munaron D, Le Gall P, Casellas C, Fenet H, Gomez E. Organic UV filter concentrations in marine mussels from French coastal regions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 420:273-279. [PMID: 22330425 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of EHMC, OCT and OD-PABA, three common UV filter compounds, was investigated in marine mussels. Wild Mytilus edulis and Mytilus galloprovincialis were sampled in ten sites along the French Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts from June to November. In mussel tissues, 100% of the samples had quantifiable EHMC concentrations ranging from 3 to 256ngg(-1) dry weight, while 55% of the samples had detectable OCT concentrations ranging from under 2 to 7 112ngg(-1) dry weight. These concentrations significantly increased with the rising air temperature in summer, the recreational pressure and the geomorphological structure of the sampling sites (its lack of openness to the wide). This is the first study to report bioaccumulation of UV filters in marine mussels, thus highlighting the need for further monitoring and assessment.
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100
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David A, Fenet H, Escande A, Munaron D, Rosain D, Maillot-Maréchal E, Aït-Aïssa S, Casellas C, Gomez E. In vitro biomonitoring of contamination by estrogenic compounds in coastal environments: comments on the use of M. galloprovincialis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2012; 27:74-82. [PMID: 20549642 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 03/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of mussel extracts in in vitro bioassays which express the estrogen receptor could provide valuable information on the bioavailability of endocrine disruptors in coastal environments. The aim of this study was to assess the temporal variability of the estrogenic responses in bioassays in Mytilus galloprovincialis. A 6-month in situ experiment was conducted in order to follow the estrogenic activity on MELN cell line during the reproduction stages of mussels. Estradiol equivalents (EEQ) determined in mussels using the MELN cell lines ranged from 0.79 to 3.72 ng/g dry weight (d.w.) in males, from 0.42 to 2.33 ng/g d.w. in females and from 3.41 to 4.2 d.w. in undifferentiated bivalves. We observed an increase in EEQ values during the spawning stage for males, not for female. The maximal EEQ values were observed at the indifferent stage. We discuss these results in regards to the actual knowledge on mussels' reproductive cycle and to the possible impact of xeno-estrogens. Variations of E2 levels in mussels must be taken into account for further studies on xeno-estrogens monitoring using hER reporter cell-lines bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur David
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex, France.
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