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Awan SA, Khan I, Rizwan M, Ali Z, Ali S, Khan N, Arumugam N, Almansour AI, Ilyas N. A new technique for reducing accumulation, transport, and toxicity of heavy metals in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by bio-filtration of river wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133642. [PMID: 35063550 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of contaminants such as heavy metals in an aqueous environment has become a global concern. In the present study, a bio-filter was designed to eliminate heavy metals from river wastewater contaminated with industrial effluents. Moreover, we analyzed simple tap water, bio-filtered water, and unfiltered river wastewater and measured the concentrations of different heavy metals in the samples, such as cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and copper (Cu). The current experiment explored irrigation effects of three water regimes (tap water, bio-filtered water, and wastewater) on two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (NARC-2009 and NARC-2011). Results of the present study indicated that wastewater negatively influenced the growth parameters and photosynthetic contents along with a significant increase in oxidative damage in terms of electrolyte leakage (EL) (50 and 61%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (52 and 61 μmol/g), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (16 and 17.7 μmol/g) contents in NARC-2009 and NARC-2011 respectively. However, bio-filtered water positively regulated the growth profile, activities of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), total soluble sugars, amino acids, total protein, and proline contents in wheat as compared with untreated wastewater. In addition, bio-filtered water had significant impacts on the reduction of Cd, Ni, Pb, and Cu concentrations in roots, shoots, and grains of both wheat varieties as compared to wastewater. The concentrations (mg/kg) of Cd (15 and 18), Ni (35 and 57), Pb (5 and 7), and Cu (69 and 72) in roots, Cd (5 and 6), Ni (24 and 43), Pb (3 and 4), and Cu (16 and 19) in shoots, and Cd (0.7 and 1.0), Ni (11 and 26), Pb (2 and 3), and Cu (1.6 and 1.5) in grains of NARC-2009 and NARC-2011 were found under river wastewater treatment. Overall, wastewater treatment through bio-filtration process is an effective strategy for the reduction of toxic elements in bio-filtered water and their accumulation by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeshan Ali
- Plant Physiology Program, Crop Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Natarajan Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman I Almansour
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noshin Ilyas
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan.
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Khanna K, Kohli SK, Ohri P, Bhardwaj R, Ahmad P. Agroecotoxicological Aspect of Cd in Soil–Plant System: Uptake, Translocation and Amelioration Strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:30908-30934. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Alam MS, Kong J, Tao R, Ahmed T, Alamin M, Alotaibi SS, Abdelsalam NR, Xu JH. CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Knockout of the OsbHLH024 Transcription Factor Improves Salt Stress Resistance in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11091184. [PMID: 35567185 PMCID: PMC9101608 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the most prominent abiotic stresses that negatively affect crop production. Transcription factors (TFs) are involved in the absorption, transport, or compartmentation of sodium (Na+) or potassium (K+) to resist salt stress. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) is a TF gene family critical for plant growth and stress responses, including salinity. Herein, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 strategy to generate the gene editing mutant to investigate the role of OsbHLH024 in rice under salt stress. The A nucleotide base deletion was identified in the osbhlh024 mutant (A91). Exposure of the A91 under salt stress resulted in a significant increase in the shoot weight, the total chlorophyll content, and the chlorophyll fluorescence. Moreover, high antioxidant activities coincided with less reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stabilized levels of MDA in the A91. This better control of oxidative stress was accompanied by fewer Na+ but more K+, and a balanced level of Ca2+, Zn2+, and Mg2+ in the shoot and root of the A91, allowing it to withstand salt stress. Furthermore, the A91 also presented a significantly up-regulated expression of the ion transporter genes (OsHKT1;3, OsHAK7, and OsSOS1) in the shoot when exposed to salt stress. These findings imply that the OsbHLH024 might play the role of a negative regulator of salt stress, which will help to understand better the molecular basis of rice production improvement under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shah Alam
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.S.A.); (J.K.); (R.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Jiarui Kong
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.S.A.); (J.K.); (R.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Ruofu Tao
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.S.A.); (J.K.); (R.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Md. Alamin
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.S.A.); (J.K.); (R.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt;
| | - Jian-Hong Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.S.A.); (J.K.); (R.T.); (M.A.)
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, China
- Correspondence:
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Physiological and Biochemical Variations in Celery by Imidacloprid and Fenpyroximate. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are one of the abiotic stresses that have had an impact on the quality of agricultural products, especially in China. This study was the first to explore the soluble protein (SP) accumulation, peroxidase (POD) activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity variations in the stem and leaf of celery plants in the field after 2 h, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 14, 21, 28-day of spraying imidacloprid (IMI) and fenpyroximate (FEN) at various doses. The findings demonstrated that there was no notable difference in ultimate residues between 1 F and 10 F, and even with the 10 F treatment, the residues were not a concern. The SP accumulation alterations were mainly provoked by residues, which dramatically boosted in stem and eventually declined in leaf. The POD activity in celery was a dynamic process with a marked shift (enhanced and declined) when compared with non-pesticide treatment after 28 days. The field trial exhibited that the SOD was principally positioned in leaf whether pesticides were applied or not, which might be due to the distinctive structure of the celery leaf compared with the stem. No obvious linear relation between application dose and SOD activity was observed.
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Huchzermeyer B, Menghani E, Khardia P, Shilu A. Metabolic Pathway of Natural Antioxidants, Antioxidant Enzymes and ROS Providence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040761. [PMID: 35453446 PMCID: PMC9025363 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the origin, we can classify different types of stress. Environmental factors, such as high light intensity, adverse temperature, drought, or soil salinity, are summarized as abiotic stresses and discriminated from biotic stresses that are exerted by pathogens and herbivores, for instance. It was an unexpected observation that overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a common response to all kinds of stress investigated so far. With respect to applied aspects in agriculture and crop breeding, this observation allows using ROS production as a measure to rank the stress perception of individual plants. ROS are important messengers in cell signaling, but exceeding a concentration threshold causes damage. This requires fine-tuning of ROS production and degradation rates. In general, there are two options to control cellular ROS levels, (I) ROS scavenging at the expense of antioxidant consumption and (II) enzyme-controlled degradation of ROS. As antioxidants are limited in quantity, the first strategy only allows temporarily buffering of a certain cellular ROS level. This way, it prevents spells of eventually damaging ROS concentrations. In this review, we focus on the second strategy. We discuss how enzyme-controlled degradation of ROS integrates into plant metabolism. Enzyme activities can be continuously operative. Cellular homeostasis can be achieved by regulation of respective gene expression and subsequent regulation of the enzyme activities. A better understanding of this interplay allows for identifying traits for stress tolerance breeding of crops. As a side effect, the result also may be used to identify cultivation methods modifying crop metabolism, thus resulting in special crop quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Huchzermeyer
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany;
- Association of German Engineers (VDI), BV Hannover, AK Biotechnology, Hanomag Str. 12, 30449 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ekta Menghani
- Department of Biotechnology, JECRC University, Jaipur 303905, India; (P.K.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-9829275441
| | - Pooja Khardia
- Department of Biotechnology, JECRC University, Jaipur 303905, India; (P.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Ayushi Shilu
- Department of Biotechnology, JECRC University, Jaipur 303905, India; (P.K.); (A.S.)
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Chen H, Lee J, Lee JM, Han M, Emonet A, Lee J, Jia X, Lee Y. MSD2, an apoplastic Mn-SOD, contributes to root skotomorphogenic growth by modulating ROS distribution in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 317:111192. [PMID: 35193741 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play essential roles as a second messenger in various physiological processes in plants. Due to their oxidative nature, ROS can also be harmful. Thus, the generation and homeostasis of ROS are tightly controlled by multiple enzymes. Membrane-localized NADPH oxidases are well known to generate ROS during developmental and stress responses, but the metabolic pathways of the superoxide (O2-) generated by them in the apoplast are poorly understood, and the identity of the apoplastic superoxide dismutase (SOD) is unknown in Arabidopsis. Here, we show that a putative manganese SOD, MSD2 is secreted and possesses a SOD activity that can be inhibited by nitration at tyrosine 68. The expression of MSD2 in roots is light condition-dependent, suggesting that MSD2 may act on ROS metabolism in roots during the light-to-dark transition. Root architecture is governed by ROS distribution that exhibits opposite gradient of H2O2 and O2-, which is indeed altered in etiolated msd2 mutants and accompanied by changes in the onset of differentiation. These results provide a missing link in our understanding of ROS metabolism and suggest that MSD2 plays a role in root skotomorphogenesis by regulating ROS distribution, thereby playing a pivotal role in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huize Chen
- Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response in Shanxi Province, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, PR China; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsu Lee
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Han
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Aurélia Emonet
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, UNIL-Sorge, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jiyoun Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Xingtian Jia
- Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response in Shanxi Province, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yuree Lee
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Comparative Physiology of Indica and Japonica Rice under Salinity and Drought Stress: An Intrinsic Study on Osmotic Adjustment, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Defense and Methylglyoxal Detoxification. STRESSES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/stresses2020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Salinity and drought stress are significant environmental threats, alone or in combination. The current study was conducted to investigate the morpho-physiology, osmotic adjustment, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense and methylglyoxal detoxification of three rice genotypes from the indica (cv. BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan48) and japonica (cv. Koshihikari) groups. Eighteen-day-old seedlings of these genotypes were exposed to either in alone salinity (150 mM NaCl) and drought (15% PEG 6000) or in the combination of salinity and drought (150 mM NaCl + 15% PEG 6000) stress in vitro for 72 h. Compared with the control, the water status, biomass and photosynthetic pigments were decreased, where a significant increase was seen in the mortality rate, hydrogen peroxide content, electrolyte leakage, lipoxygenase activity, level of malondialdehyde and methylglyoxal, indicating increased lipid peroxidation in rice genotypes in stress conditions. The non-enzymatic and enzymatic components of the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) pool in rice genotypes were disrupted under all stress treatments, resulting imbalance in the redox equilibrium. In contrast, compared to other rice genotypes, BRRI dhan48 revealed a lower Na+/K+ ratio, greater proline (Pro) levels, higher activity of AsA, dehydroascorbate (DHA) and GSH, lower glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and a higher ratio of AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG, whereas enzymatic components increased monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glyoxalase enzymes. The results showed that a stronger tolerate ability for BRRI dhan48 against stress has been connected to a lower Na+/K+ ratio, an increase in Pro content and an improved performance of the glyoxalase system and antioxidant protection for scavenging of reactive oxygen species. These data can give insight into probable responses to single or combination salinity and drought stress in rice genotypes.
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The Memory of Rice Response to Spaceflight Stress: From the Perspective of Metabolomics and Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063390. [PMID: 35328810 PMCID: PMC8954569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The stress response of plants to spaceflight has been confirmed in contemporary plants, and plants retained the memory of spaceflight through methylation reaction. However, how the progeny plants adapt to this cross-generational stress memory was rarely reported. Here, we used the ShiJian-10 retractable satellite carrying Dongnong416 rice seeds for a 12.5-day on-orbit flight and planted the F2 generation after returning to the ground. We evaluated the agronomic traits of the F2 generation plants and found that the F2 generation plants had no significant differences in plant height and number of tillers. Next, the redox state in F2 plants was evaluated, and it was found that the spaceflight broke the redox state of the F2 generation rice. In order to further illustrate the stress response caused by this redox state imbalance, we conducted proteomics and metabolomics analysis. Proteomics results showed that the redox process in F2 rice interacts with signal transduction, stress response, and other pathways, causing genome instability in the plant, leading to transcription, post-transcriptional modification, protein synthesis, protein modification, and degradation processes were suppressed. The metabolomics results showed that the metabolism of the F2 generation plants was reshaped. These metabolic pathways mainly included amino acid metabolism, sugar metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, purine metabolism, phenylpropane biosynthesis, and flavonoid metabolism. These metabolic pathways constituted a new metabolic network. This study confirmed that spaceflight affected the metabolic changes in offspring rice, which would help better understand the adaptation mechanism of plants to the space environment.
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Rudić J, Dragićević MB, Momčilović I, Simonović AD, Pantelić D. In Silico Study of Superoxide Dismutase Gene Family in Potato and Effects of Elevated Temperature and Salicylic Acid on Gene Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030488. [PMID: 35326138 PMCID: PMC8944489 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the most important vegetable crop globally and is very susceptible to high ambient temperatures. Since heat stress causes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), investigations regarding major enzymatic components of the antioxidative system are of the essence. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) represent the first line of defense against ROS but detailed in silico analysis and characterization of the potato SOD gene family have not been performed thus far. We have analyzed eight functional SOD genes, three StCuZnSODs, one StMnSOD, and four StFeSODs, annotated in the updated version of potato genome (Spud DB DM v6.1). The StSOD genes and their respective proteins were analyzed in silico to determine the exon-intron organization, splice variants, cis-regulatory promoter elements, conserved domains, signals for subcellular targeting, 3D-structures, and phylogenetic relations. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed higher induction of StCuZnSODs (the major potato SODs) and StFeSOD3 in thermotolerant cultivar Désirée than in thermosensitive Agria and Kennebec during long-term exposure to elevated temperature. StMnSOD was constitutively expressed, while expression of StFeSODs was cultivar-dependent. The effects of salicylic acid (10−5 M) on StSODs expression were minor. Our results provide the basis for further research on StSODs and their regulation in potato, particularly in response to elevated temperatures.
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Sharifi Alishah M, Darvishzadeh R, Ahmadabadi M, Piri Kashtiban Y, Hasanpur K. Identification of differentially expressed genes in salt-tolerant oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotype by RNA sequencing. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3583-3596. [PMID: 35119610 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07198-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is widely planted as an oilseed crop worldwide. Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that negatively affect crop growth and productivity. To counter the negative impact of salt stress, plants have developed avoidance and tolerance mechanisms. Developing salt-tolerant genotypes requires understanding the molecular basis of adaptive mechanisms in depth. Although using model plants i.e., Arabidopsis has improved our understanding of salt tolerant mechanisms, the relative impotence and regulation mechanisms vary among plant species due to differences in genetic and metabolic backgrounds. On the other hand, sunflower is a highly polymorphic plant due to its cross-pollinated behavior which provides different salt-tolerant genotypes available for comparative analyses. METHODS AND RESULTS In order to gain a better view of molecular mechanisms involved in salt tolerance in sunflower, RNA sequencing analysis was realized by evaluating a tolerant genotype (AS5305) with two biological replicates under control and salt stress conditions in a controlled environment. Salinity stress was applied from NaCl resource at the 8-leaf stage and samplings were done at 24 h post salt stress application. Sequencing data were analyzed using tuxedo software suite. Blast2GO software and the KEGG database were used to identify the functional tasks of each of the assembled transcripts. Analysis of genes with robust expression (i.e., with FPKM > 1 in at least one sample) revealed a total of 121 significantly expressed genes between the saline-stressed and control samples. The differential expression of 11 genes was confirmed by real-time PCR. In the following, the cDNA of MYB44 as one of the selected candidate genes involved in salt tolerance was isolated, cloned, and sequenced for comparison. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results of the current study may pave the way for the accurate selection of genes involved in salinity to be used in molecular-genetics-assisted breeding programs. In addition, making use of the identified genes may help relieve the damages arising from the salt stress in sunflowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Sharifi Alishah
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Darvishzadeh
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. .,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ahmadabadi
- Department Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaser Piri Kashtiban
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Center of Genetic Engineering, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karim Hasanpur
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Foresti AC, Reis LC, Scalon SPQ, Dresch DM, Santos CC, Jesus MV. Salicylic acid mitigating damage to the photosynthetic apparatus and quality of Eugenia myrcianthes seedlings under water deficit. RODRIGUÉSIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exogenous application of salicylic acid on the photosynthetic metabolism and quality of Eugenia myrcianthes seedlings under water deficit and their recovery potential after rehydration. Two water regimes were evaluated, as follows: control - plants irrigated daily (I) and water deficit (S), with and without the application of 400 mg L–1 of salicylic acid (SA), totaling four treatments. Seedlings were evaluated at three times: at the beginning of the experiment (T0), that is, when the irrigation was interrupted; when the photosynthetic rate reached values close to zero (P0 - 15 days after irrigation interruption), that is, when irrigation restarted; and when the photosynthetic rate was recovered (REC). Eugenia myrcianthes seedlings were negatively affected when subjected to water restriction; salicylic acid attenuated the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus by acting positively on the relative water content in the leaves, SPAD index, photosynthetic metabolism, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzyme activity, and seedling growth in P0. Eugenia myrchiantes presented potential for recovery after resumption irrigation. The application of SA contributed to the maintenance of gas exchanges, photochemical processes and quality of E. myrcianthes seedlings during and after water deficit, suggesting the promotion of plant resistance induction.
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Sardar R, Ahmed S, Yasin NA. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles mitigate cadmium toxicity in Coriandrum sativum L. through modulating antioxidant system, stress markers and reducing cadmium uptake. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118373. [PMID: 34662592 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities are the foremost reason of metal pollution in soils of the cultivated areas, resulting abnormal physiochemical processes in plants. Among metals contaminants, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most injurious contaminants that deleteriously affect physiological activities, growth and yield of the crop plants. Keeping in view the stress mitigation potential of titanium dioxide (TiO2), the existing research work was premeditated to inspect the beneficial role of seed priming with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) on biochemical, morphological and physiological characteristics of Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) plants under Cd stress. For this purpose, C. sativum seeds were primed with 0, 40, 80 and 160 mg L-1 TiO2-NPs. Cadmium stress triggered a significant decrease in chlorophyll a content (49%), chlorophyll b content (44%), photosynthetic rate (62%) and plant growth (51%) as compared with control. Tanium dioxide nanoparticles treated seedlings exhibited reduced Cd contents besides improved agronomic traits (seedlings biomass, number of seeds and yield). The TiO2-NPs treatment declined the magnitude of EL and MDA by 1.5 fold and 1.71 fold, respectively. Furthermore, TiO2-NPs diminished oxidative injuries in plants exposed to Cd stress. Additionally, TiO2-NPs enhanced the biosynthesis of osmatic regulators (proline) by 47% which helped in the mitigation of Cd persuaded toxicity in plants. Briefly, treatment of 80 mg L-1 TiO2-NPs perhaps ameliorates the deleterious influence of Cd stress and enhance the yield of coriander.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Sardar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Hasanuzzaman M, Raihan MRH, Khojah E, Samra BN, Fujita M, Nahar K. Biochar and Chitosan Regulate Antioxidant Defense and Methylglyoxal Detoxification Systems and Enhance Salt Tolerance in Jute ( Corchorus olitorius L.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10122017. [PMID: 34943120 PMCID: PMC8699025 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of biochar and chitosan in mitigating salt stress in jute (Corchorus olitorius L. cv. O-9897) by exposing twenty-day-old seedlings to three doses of salt (50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl). Biochar was pre-mixed with the soil at 2.0 g kg−1 soil, and chitosan-100 was applied through irrigation at 100 mg L−1. Exposure to salt stress notably increased lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide content, superoxide radical levels, electrolyte leakage, lipoxygenase activity, and methylglyoxal content, indicating oxidative damage in the jute plants. Consequently, the salt-stressed plants showed reduced growth, biomass accumulation, and disrupted water balance. A profound increase in proline content was observed in response to salt stress. Biochar and chitosan supplementation significantly mitigated the deleterious effects of salt stress in jute by stimulating both non-enzymatic (e.g., ascorbate and glutathione) and enzymatic (e.g., ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase) antioxidant systems and enhancing glyoxalase enzyme activities (glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II) to ameliorate reactive oxygen species damage and methylglyoxal toxicity, respectively. Biochar and chitosan supplementation increased oxidative stress tolerance and improved the growth and physiology of salt-affected jute plants, while also significantly reducing Na+ accumulation and ionic toxicity and decreasing the Na+/K+ ratio. These findings support a protective role of biochar and chitosan against salt-induced damage in jute plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (K.N.)
| | | | - Ebtihal Khojah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bassem N. Samra
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan;
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (K.N.)
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Matvieieva N, Shakhovsky A, Tashyreva H, Ratushnyak Y, Duplij V, Bohdanovych T, Kuchuk M. Study of Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Long-Term Cultivated Artemisia and Althaea "hairy" Roots. Curr Microbiol 2021; 79:14. [PMID: 34905110 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term effect of Agrobacterium rhizogenes genes transfer on plant antioxidant system by the study of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in "hairy" roots of Artemisia and Althaea spp plants. PCR analyses revealed stability of the transformation and presence of bacterial rol B and rol C genes in the "hairy" roots after 4-6 years from the transformation event. SOD activity in the roots of untransformed in vitro cultivated plants used for the initiation of "hairy" roots growth was in the range of 45.8 ± 8.7 U/μg (Althaea officinalis) and 275 ± 97.1 U/μg (Artemisia ludoviciana). After a long-term in vitro cultivation more than half of tested "hairy" root lines (54%) showed a significant increase in SOD activity values compared to untransformed roots. The highest SOD activity values of "hairy" root lines (24-fold increase) were founded in A. officinalis (1105 ± 174 U/μg) and A. dracunculus (1356 ± 402 U/μg). The increase of the activity was found also in "hairy" roots of A. vulgaris (up to 375 ± 28.2 U/μg, sevenfold increase), A. ludoviciana (1001 ± 191 U/μg, 3.6-fold increase), and A. tilesii (438 ± 104 U/μg, 1.6-fold increase). The results of our study indicate that transformation by wild-type A. rhizogenes not harboring any foreign genes implementing in SOD activity regulation can often stably activate plant antioxidant enzyme system. This effect, observed in the "hairy" roots of five plant species in 4-6 years of the transformation event, obviously, should be taken into account in works aimed at creating transgenic plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiia Matvieieva
- Laboratory of Adaptational Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Anatolii Shakhovsky
- Laboratory of Adaptational Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Hanna Tashyreva
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Yakiv Ratushnyak
- Laboratory of Adaptational Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Duplij
- Laboratory of Adaptational Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | | | - Mykola Kuchuk
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Differential modulation of photosynthesis and defense strategies towards copper toxicity in primary and cotyledonary leaves of Ricinus communis L. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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66
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García-Caparrós P, De Filippis L, Gul A, Hasanuzzaman M, Ozturk M, Altay V, Lao MT. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Metabolism under Adverse Environmental Conditions: a Review. THE BOTANICAL REVIEW 2021; 87:421-466. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s12229-020-09231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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P2RY2 Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting YAP Phosphorylation and Reducing Mitochondrial Fission. Neuroscience 2021; 480:155-166. [PMID: 34780922 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
P2Y purinoceptor 2 (P2RY2) is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of P2RY2 on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its molecular mechanism. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rats and OXYGEN and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in PC12 cells were established. P2RY2 expressions in I/R injury model in vitro and in vivo were up-regulated. In the OGD/R group, ROS level, cyto-CytC and mitochondrial fission factors expressions and cell apoptosis were increased, while SOD activity, mito-CytC and mitochondrial fusion factors expressions were decreased. P2RY2 overexpression could reverse these results. Up-regulated P2RY2 expression decreased Yes-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation level, promote the nuclear translocation of YAP, and inhibit cell apoptosis, which can be reversed by YAP inhibitor verteporfin. The addition of PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 could reverse the decrease of YAP phosphorylation level and cell apoptosis, and the increase of nuclear translocation caused by P2RY2 overexpression. Further in vivo studies validated that interference with P2RY2 increased the cerebral infarction area, decreased AKT expression, enhanced YAP phosphorylation, and inhibited the nuclear translocation of YAP. In conclusion, P2RY2 can alleviate cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting YAP phosphorylation and reducing mitochondrial fission.
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Zhu H, Yang X, Wang X, Li Q, Guo J, Ma T, Zhao C, Tang Y, Qiao L, Wang J, Sui J. The sweetpotato β-amylase gene IbBAM1.1 enhances drought and salt stress resistance by regulating ROS homeostasis and osmotic balance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 168:167-176. [PMID: 34634642 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stressors, such as drought and high salinity, seriously affect plant growth, productivity, and quality. Maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and osmotic balance plays a crucial role in abiotic stress tolerance. β-amylase (BAM) hydrolyzes α-1,4-glycosidic bonds by releasing maltose from starch in the regulation of soluble sugars. However, the function and mechanism of BAMs related to abiotic stress resistance remain unclear in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.). In this study, we isolated a novel β-amylase gene IbBAM1.1, which was strongly induced by PEG6000, NaCl, and maltose treatments in sweetpotato variety Yanshu25. Overexpression of IbBAM1.1 conferred enhanced tolerance to the drought and high salinity stressors in Arabidopsis thaliana. The activity of β-amylase and the degradation of starch were promoted under drought or salt stress. Accordingly, the contents of osmoprotectants, including maltose and proline were significantly higher in the transgenic lines than those in wild type (WT) plants. Less ROS, such as H2O2 and O2-, accumulated in the overexpressing lines than in WT plants. Superoxide dismutase activity was strongly enhanced and the level of malondialdehyde was lower under the drought or salt treatment in transgenic plants. Taken together, these results demonstrate that IbBAM1.1 acted as a positive regulator, at least in part, by regulating the level of osmoprotectants to balance the osmotic pressure and activate the scavenging system to maintain ROS homeostasis in the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qiyan Li
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jiayu Guo
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Tao Ma
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chunmei Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lixian Qiao
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jingshan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jiongming Sui
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Fan R, Chen J, Gao X, Zhang Q. Neurodevelopmental toxicity of alumina nanoparticles to zebrafish larvae: Toxic effects of particle sizes and ions. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112587. [PMID: 34592389 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of neurodevelopmental toxicity of alumina nanoparticles (AlNPs) on zebrafish larvae, specifically, the toxic effects of AlNPs of different particle sizes and of dissolved aluminum ions. AlNPs with sizes of 13 nm (13 nm-Al) and 50 nm (50 nm-Al) were used as the main research objects; while nanocarbon particles with sizes of 13 nm (13 nm-C) and 50 nm (50 nm-C) as particle-size controls; and an aluminum chloride solution (Al3+) as an ion control. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different treatments from 6 h post-fertilization (hpf) to 168 hpf. Deformities were observed at different time points. Neurodevelopmental behavior tests were carried out, and oxidative stress responses and transcriptional alterations in autophagy-related genes were assessed. Malformations occurred in the 13 nm-Al, 50 nm-Al, and Al3+ treated groups at different developmental stages of zebrafish larval, but no malformations were observed in the 13 nm-C or 50 nm-C groups. In addition, the average speed, distance travelled and thigmotaxis in zebrafish larvae decreased in the AlNPs treated group, and the effects were related to the particle sizes. Furthermore, increases in the oxidative stress response and autophagy-related genes expression were also related to the particle sizes of AlNPs as well. In conclusion, the mechanism underlying the neurodevelopmental toxicity of AlNPs on zebrafish larvae mainly depended on the size of the nanoparticles, and dissolved Al3+ also contributes to the toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fan
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Academics Working Station, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Xiaocheng Gao
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Qinli Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
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Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of yield increases in maize under stable soil water supply. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257756. [PMID: 34559853 PMCID: PMC8462687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the physiological and molecular mechanisms of yield increase in maize under stable soil water content (SW) conditions. Results of the study showed that under SW conditions, corn yield increased by 38.72 and 44.09% in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Further, it was found that dry matter accumulation, economic coefficient and photosynthetic rate also increased by 31.24 and 25.67%, 5.45 and 15.38% as well as 29.60 and 31.83% in 2019 and 2020 respectively. However, the results showed that both the activity of antioxidant enzymes and content of osmotic adjustment substances decreased in maize under SW conditions. When compared with soil moisture content of dry and wet alternation (DW) conditions, SW could not only significantly promote growth and yield of maize but also increase the economic coefficient. Transcriptome profiles of maize leaves under the two conditions (SW and DW) were also analyzed and compared. It was found that 11 genes were highly up-regulated in the photosynthesis pathway. These genes included photosystem II protein V (PsbE), photosystem II protein VI (PsbF), photosystem II protein D1 (PsbA), photosystem II protein D2 (PsbD) and ATP synthase CF1 beta subunit (atpB). Further, it was found that four genes were up-regulated in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway., These were ATP synthase CF1 epsilon subunit (atpE), ATP synthase CF1 beta subunit (atpB), NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L (ndhE) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 (ndhG). In conclusion, the physiological mechanism of stable soil water content (SW) to increase corn yield may be the enhancement of photosynthetic capacity and energy metabolism.
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71
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Abscisic Acid in Coordination with Nitrogen Alleviates Salinity-Inhibited Photosynthetic Potential in Mustard by Improving Proline Accumulation and Antioxidant Activity. STRESSES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/stresses1030013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This investigation was done to assess the role of abscisic acid (ABA; 25 µM) and/or nitrogen (N; 10 mM) in the alleviation of salinity (NaCl; 100 mM)-induced reduction in photosynthetic activity and growth, N and sulfur (S) assimilation of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cv. RH0-749. Salinity treatment caused oxidative stress and significantly elevated the content of both H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and impaired photosynthetic activity and growth, but increased the content of nitrogenous osmolyte proline and the activity of antioxidant enzymes involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species. The application of 25 µM ABA under a controlled condition negatively affected photosynthesis and growth. However, ABA, when combined with N, minimized oxidative stress and mitigated the salinity-inhibited effects by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione reductase, GR; ascorbate peroxidase, APX) and proline content. Overall, the supplementation of 10 mM N combined with 25 µM ABA provides an important strategy for enhancing the photosynthetic potential of B. juncea under saline conditions.
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Romero-Puertas MC, Terrón-Camero LC, Peláez-Vico MÁ, Molina-Moya E, Sandalio LM. An update on redox signals in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress crosstalk: insights from cadmium and fungal pathogen interactions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5857-5875. [PMID: 34111283 PMCID: PMC8355756 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Complex signalling pathways are involved in plant protection against single and combined stresses. Plants are able to coordinate genome-wide transcriptional reprogramming and display a unique programme of transcriptional responses to a combination of stresses that differs from the response to single stresses. However, a significant overlap between pathways and some defence genes in the form of shared and general stress-responsive genes appears to be commonly involved in responses to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as redox signals, are key molecules involved at the crossroads of the perception of different stress factors and the regulation of both specific and general plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this review, we focus on crosstalk between plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, in addition to possible plant protection against pathogens caused by previous abiotic stress. Bioinformatic analyses of transcriptome data from cadmium- and fungal pathogen-treated plants focusing on redox gene ontology categories were carried out to gain a better understanding of common plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. The role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the complex network involved in plant responses to changes in their environment is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura C Terrón-Camero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra” (IPBLN-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
| | - Eliana Molina-Moya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
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Physiology Response and Resistance Evaluation of Twenty Coconut Germplasm Resources under Low Temperature Stress. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7080234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is a tropical evergreen crop with high economic value. Low temperature is one of the main environmental factors that limit coconut productivity. Therefore, it is necessary and significant to research the growth trend and physiological changes of coconuts under a low temperature environment. In this study, the physiological response of 20 coconut germplasm resources is presented in an integrated perspective to provide a holistic view of the behavior of coconut trees facing cold stress under four temperature conditions (25 °C, 15 °C, 10 °C, 5 °C). It was shown that low temperature would lead to the increase of relative electrical conductivity, MDA content, soluble protein content, and proline content. In addition, the activities of defense enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) were increased to resist the cold environment. In a comprehensive analysis, it was revealed that coconut germplasms with high cold resistance, such as C2, C7, and C10 as well as POD activity, proline content, and soluble protein content, were defined as representatives for coconut cold resistance evaluation. Through the exploration of osmotic adjustment substances and defense enzymes, the breeding and quality improvement of cold-resistant coconut varieties could be promoted. As a result, understanding the physiological response and tolerance mechanisms of coconuts to low temperature stress was essential, as this perception may serve as the foundation for coconut resistance evaluation, cultivation, and breeding.
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Effect of tebuconazole and trifloxystrobin on Ceratocystis fimbriata to control black rot of sweet potato: processes of reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant defense responses. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:148. [PMID: 34363541 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Black rot, caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata, is one of the most destructive disease of sweet potato worldwide, resulting in significant yield losses. However, a proper management system can increase resistance to this disease. Therefore, this study investigated the potential of using tebuconazole (TEB) and trifloxystrobin (TRI) to improve the antioxidant defense systems in sweet potato as well as the inhibitory effects on the growth of and antioxidant activity in C. fimbriata. Four days after inoculating cut surfaces of sweet potato disks with C. fimbriata, disease development was reduced by different concentrations of TEB + TRI. Infection by C. fimbriata increased the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage (EL), and the activity of lipoxygenase (LOX) by 138, 152, 73, and 282%, respectively, in sweet potato disks, relative to control. In the sweet potato disks, C. fimbriata reduced the antioxidant enzyme activities as well as the contents of ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) by 82 and 91%, respectively, compared with control. However, TEB + TRI reduced the oxidative damage in the C. fimbriata-inoculated sweet potato disks by enhancing the antioxidant defense systems. On the other hand, applying TEB + TRI increased the levels of H2O2, MDA, and EL, and increased the activity of LOX in C. fimbriata, in which the contents of AsA and GSH decreased, and therefore, inhibited the growth of C. fimbriata. These results suggest that TEB + TRI can significantly control black rot disease in sweet potato by inhibiting the growth of C. fimbriata.
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Complex Analysis of Antioxidant Activity, Abscisic Acid Level, and Accumulation of Osmotica in Apple and Cherry In Vitro Cultures under Osmotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157922. [PMID: 34360688 PMCID: PMC8347229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant response to osmotic stress is a complex issue and includes a wide range of physiological and biochemical processes. Extensive studies of known cultivars and their reaction to drought or salinity stress are very important for future breeding of new and tolerant cultivars. Our study focused on the antioxidant activity, accumulations of osmotica, and the content of abscisic acid in apple (cv. “Malinové holovouské”, “Fragrance”, “Rubinstep”, “Idared”, “Car Alexander”) and cherry (cv. “Regina”, “Napoleonova”, “Kaštánka”, “Sunburst”, “P-HL-C”) cultivated in vitro on media containing different levels of polyethylene glycol PEG-6000. Our results indicated that the studied genotypes responded differently to osmotic stress manifested as reduction in the leaf relative water content (RWC) and increment in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, proline, sugars, and abscisic acid content. Overall, cherry cultivars showed a smaller decrease in percentage RWC and enzymatic activities, but enhanced proline content compared to the apple plants cultivars. Cultivars “Rubinstep”, “Napoleonova”, and “Kaštánka” exhibited higher antioxidant capacity and accumulation of osmoprotectants like proline and sorbitol that can be associated with the drought-tolerance system.
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Pan C, Lu H, Yang C, Wang L, Chen J, Yan C. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals different functions of Kandelia obovata superoxide dismutases in regulation of cadmium translocation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:144922. [PMID: 33736147 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Kandelia obovata is a dominant mangrove species in southeastern of China. This species has a high tolerance to heavy metal stress that is mainly ascribed to the thickening of the secondary exodermis and high activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes in the roots. The thickened exodermis inhibits entry of heavy metals into the roots, and oxidative stress due to Cd can be reduced efficiently by SOD activity. Although there are several proposed mechanisms by which genes encoding SODs in K. obovata (KoSODs) could induce lignification that contributes to thickening of the root exodermis, the exact functions of FeSOD2 (KoFSD2) and Cu/ZnSOD3 (KoCSD3) remain unclear. In this study we investigated the role of a thickened exodermis in K. obovata root tissues in response to Cd treatment, and determined functions of KoFSD2 and KoCSD3 by performing comparative transcriptome analysis on tobacco lines that overexpress these two enzymes. we found that a thickened exodermis can reduce Cd uptake, and that exposure to high concentrations Cd can promote secondary thickening processes in K. obovata roots exodermis. Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana overexpressing of KoFSD2 or KoCSD3 exhibit different responses to Cd stress. KoCSD3 can promote thickening of the secondary cell wall of root vascular tissues to impede Cd entry. Meanwhile, KoFSD2 and KoCSD3 can also regulate translocation of copper and iron in response to Cd accumulation. Taken together, our results expand our understanding of the physiological roles of SODs in K. obovata against Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglang Pan
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Texas A&M university-Kingsville citrus center, Weslaco, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Jianming Chen
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
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Ozturk M, Turkyilmaz Unal B, García-Caparrós P, Khursheed A, Gul A, Hasanuzzaman M. Osmoregulation and its actions during the drought stress in plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1321-1335. [PMID: 33280137 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress, which causes a decline in quality and quantity of crop yields, has become more accentuated these days due to climatic change. Serious measures need to be taken to increase the tolerance of crop plants to acute drought conditions likely to occur due to global warming. Drought stress causes many physiological and biochemical changes in plants, rendering the maintenance of osmotic adjustment highly crucial. The degree of plant resistance to drought varies with plant species and cultivars, phenological stages of the plant, and the duration of plant exposure to the stress. Osmoregulation in plants under low water potential relies on synthesis and accumulation of osmoprotectants or osmolytes such as soluble proteins, sugars, and sugar alcohols, quaternary ammonium compounds, and amino acids, like proline. This review highlights the role of osmolytes in water-stressed plants and of enzymes entailed in their metabolism. It will be useful, especially for researchers working on the development of drought-resistant crops by using the metabolic-engineering techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munir Ozturk
- Botany Department, Centre for Environmental Studies, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bengu Turkyilmaz Unal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Pedro García-Caparrós
- Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
| | - Anum Khursheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Alvina Gul
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Mohsin SM, Hasanuzzaman M, Parvin K, Shahadat Hossain M, Fujita M. Protective role of tebuconazole and trifloxystrobin in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) under cadmium stress via enhancement of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:1043-1057. [PMID: 34092950 PMCID: PMC8139999 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00983-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal and an environmental pollutant that significantly reduces plant growth and productivity. Proper management can ameliorate dysfunction and improve the plant growth and productivity exposed to Cd. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the protective role of the fungicides tebuconazole (TEB) and trifloxystrobin (TRI) in helping wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Norin 61) seedlings to tolerate Cd. Five-day-old hydroponically grown seedlings were allowed to mild (0.25 mM CdCl2) and severe (0.5 mM CdCl2) Cd stress separately and with the fungicides (2.75 µM TEB + 1.0 µM TRI) for the next four days. Compared to control, the level of H2O2 in the seedlings exposed to mild and severe Cd stress alone increased by 81 and 112%, respectively. The accumulation of Cd also increased in the wheat seedlings along with declining mineral nutrients under Cd stress. The protective effect of TEB and TRI was observed with the enhancement of the antioxidant defense and methylglyoxalase systems and reduction in oxidative damage. Applying TEB and TRI reduced MDA (by 9 and 18%), EL (by 21 and 17%), MG (by 12 and 17%), and LOX activity (by 37 and 27%), respectively, relative to Cd stress alone. Cadmium uptake also decreased in the shoots (by 48 and 50%, respectively) and roots (by 23 and 25%, respectively) of the fungicide-treated wheat seedlings under mild and severe Cd stress, relative to stress alone. These results indicate the exogenous application of TEB and TRI is a promising approach to improve Cd tolerance in wheat plants. Further investigation is needed under field conditions and for other crop species to determine the Cd-tolerance induced by TEB and TRI application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0795 Japan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh
| | - Khursheda Parvin
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shahadat Hossain
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0795 Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0795 Japan
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Khalid MF, Hussain S, Anjum MA, Morillon R, Ahmad S, Ejaz S, Hussain M, Jaafar HZE, Alrashood ST, Ormenisan AN. Physiological and biochemical responses of Kinnow mandarin grafted on diploid and tetraploid Volkamer lemon rootstocks under different water-deficit regimes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247558. [PMID: 33831006 PMCID: PMC8031453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Water shortage is among the major abiotic stresses that restrict growth and productivity of citrus. The existing literature indicates that tetraploid rootstocks had better water-deficit tolerance than corresponding diploids. However, the associated tolerance mechanisms such as antioxidant defence and nutrient uptake are less explored. Therefore, we evaluated physiological and biochemical responses (antioxidant defence, osmotic adjustments and nutrient uptake) of diploid (2x) and tetraploid (4x) volkamer lemon (VM) rootstocks grafted with kinnow mandarin (KM) under two water-deficit regimes. The KM/4xVM (VM4) and KM/2xVM (VM2) observed decrease in photosynthetic variables, i.e., photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), leaf greenness (SPAD), dark adopted chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), dark adopted chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv´/Fm´), relative water contents (RWC) and leaf surface area (LSA), and increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under both water-deficit regimes. Moreover, oxidative stress indicators, i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide, and activities of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APx), glutathione reductase (GR) were increased under both water-deficit regimes. Nonetheless, increase was noted in osmoprotectants such as proline (PRO) and glycine betaine (GB) and other biochemical compounds, including antioxidant capacity (AC), total phenolic content (TPC) and total soluble protein (TSP) in VM2 and VM4 under both water-deficit regimes. Dry biomass (DB) of both rootstocks was decreased under each water-deficit condition. Interestingly, VM4 showed higher and significant increase in antioxidant enzymes, osmoprotectants and other biochemical compounds, while VM2 exhibited higher values for oxidative stress indicators. Overall, results indicated that VM4 better tolerated water-deficit stress by maintaining photosynthetic variables associated with strong antioxidant defence machinery as compared to VM2. However, nutrient uptake was not differed among tested water-deficit conditions and rootstocks. The results conclude that VM4 can better tolerate water-deficit than VM2. Therefore, VM4 can be used as rootstock in areas of high-water deficiency for better citrus productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fasih Khalid
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akbar Anjum
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Raphael Morillon
- Equipe “Structure Evolutive des Agrumes, Polyploidie et Amelioration Genetique, SEAPAG- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shaghef Ejaz
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hawa Z. E. Jaafar
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Crop Science, University Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sara T. Alrashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexe Nicolae Ormenisan
- Department of Food and Tourism Engineering and Management, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
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Rajput VD, Harish, Singh RK, Verma KK, Sharma L, Quiroz-Figueroa FR, Meena M, Gour VS, Minkina T, Sushkova S, Mandzhieva S. Recent Developments in Enzymatic Antioxidant Defence Mechanism in Plants with Special Reference to Abiotic Stress. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:267. [PMID: 33810535 PMCID: PMC8066271 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The stationary life of plants has led to the evolution of a complex gridded antioxidant defence system constituting numerous enzymatic components, playing a crucial role in overcoming various stress conditions. Mainly, these plant enzymes are superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferases (GST), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), which work as part of the antioxidant defence system. These enzymes together form a complex set of mechanisms to minimise, buffer, and scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) efficiently. The present review is aimed at articulating the current understanding of each of these enzymatic components, with special attention on the role of each enzyme in response to the various environmental, especially abiotic stresses, their molecular characterisation, and reaction mechanisms. The role of the enzymatic defence system for plant health and development, their significance, and cross-talk mechanisms are discussed in detail. Additionally, the application of antioxidant enzymes in developing stress-tolerant transgenic plants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu D. Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (T.M.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Harish
- Department of Botany, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India;
| | - Rupesh Kumar Singh
- Centro de Química de Vila Real, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Krishan K. Verma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Lav Sharma
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Francisco Roberto Quiroz-Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Fitomejoramiento Molecular, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Sinaloa (CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes no. 250, Col. San Joachín, C.P., 81101 Guasave, Mexico;
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Department of Botany, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India;
| | - Vinod Singh Gour
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, NH 11C, Kant Kalwar, Jaipur 303002, India;
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (T.M.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (T.M.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Saglara Mandzhieva
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (T.M.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
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81
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Hancock JT, Russell G. Downstream Signalling from Molecular Hydrogen. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:367. [PMID: 33672953 PMCID: PMC7918658 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is now considered part of the suite of small molecules that can control cellular activity. As such, H2 has been suggested to be used in the therapy of diseases in humans and in plant science to enhance the growth and productivity of plants. Treatments of plants may involve the creation of hydrogen-rich water (HRW), which can then be applied to the foliage or roots systems of the plants. However, the molecular action of H2 remains elusive. It has been suggested that the presence of H2 may act as an antioxidant or on the antioxidant capacity of cells, perhaps through the scavenging of hydroxyl radicals. H2 may act through influencing heme oxygenase activity or through the interaction with reactive nitrogen species. However, controversy exists around all the mechanisms suggested. Here, the downstream mechanisms in which H2 may be involved are critically reviewed, with a particular emphasis on the H2 mitigation of stress responses. Hopefully, this review will provide insight that may inform future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T. Hancock
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;
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82
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Navarro BB, Del Frari BK, Dias PVDC, Lemainski LE, Mario RB, Ponte LR, Goergen A, Tarouco CP, Neves VM, Dressler VL, Fett JP, Brunetto G, Sperotto RA, Nicoloso FT, Ricachenevsky FK. The copper economy response is partially conserved in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 158:113-124. [PMID: 33307423 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential element for plants, especially in photosynthesis, as it is required for plastocyanin function in electron transfer reactions at thylakoid membranes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Cu deficiency leads to the Cu economy response, in which plants prioritize Cu usage by plastocyanin in detriment of non-essential cupric proteins. In rice (Oryza sativa), however, this response has not been characterized. Rice OsHMA5 is a Cu xylem-loading transporter involved in Cu translocation from roots to shoots, as suggested by the analysis of oshma5 mutant plants. Aiming to understand how rice plants respond to Cu deficiency and how decreased Cu translocation to shoots can affect this response, we characterized the physiological and molecular responses of WT and oshma5 plants under control and Cu deficiency treatments. We found evidence that shoots of oshma5 plants are more prone to Cu deficiency compared to shoots of WT plants, as demonstrated by decreased chlorophyll and Cu concentrations, and electron transport rate. Gene expression analysis revealed that Cu high-affinity transporters OsCOPT1 and OsCOPT5, along with a set of miRNAs and three Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases are responsive to Cu deficiency in both WT and oshma5 plants, suggesting their involvement in the Cu economy response. However, Fe superoxide dismutase was not up-regulated in rice, indicating a difference compared to the A. thaliana Cu economy model. Therefore, we provide evidence for a partially conserved Cu economy response in rice, in comparison to A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bachiega Navarro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Bianca Knebel Del Frari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lucas Roani Ponte
- Curso de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Andrei Goergen
- Curso de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Janette Palma Fett
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Brunetto
- Departamento de Solos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Solo, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Raul Antonio Sperotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, Brazil
| | - Fernando Teixeira Nicoloso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Felipe Klein Ricachenevsky
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Liu J, Li Z, Ghanizadeh H, Kerckhoffs H, Sofkova-Bobcheva S, Wu W, Wang X, Liu Y, Li X, Zhao H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Wang A. Comparative Genomic and Physiological Analyses of a Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic (SODm-123) for Its Ability to Respond to Oxidative Stress in Tomato Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13608-13619. [PMID: 33175525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are a group of enzymes that have a crucial role in controlling oxidative stress in plants. Here, we synthesized an environmentally friendly SOD mimic, SODm-123, from L-aspartic acid and manganese oxide. SODm-123 showed similar enzymatic activity to Mn-SOD. To gain insights into the role of SODm-123 in oxidative stress tolerance, a series of experiments were conducted to assess the physiological and molecular responses of tomato plants when treated with SODm-123. The results showed that the levels of O2-• and H2O2 in tomato cells were affected by SODm-123 treatment, indicating that SODm-123 can control oxidative stress like Mn-SOD. The results also exhibited that SODm-123 increased the contents of photosynthetic pigments. However, it was noted that SODm-123 resulted in a reduction in the content of soluble sugar and MDA. These results indicate that SODm-123 promoted the efficiency of photosynthesis by regulating the content of H2O2. To further investigate the role of SODm-123 in controlling oxidative stress, a transcriptome analysis was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with SODm-123 treatment. The results indicated that SODm-123 treatment resulted in 341 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in treated tomato leaves at 96 h after treatment. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) revealed that DEGs were involved in pathways such as photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis, ABC transporters, sugar metabolism, and MAPK signaling, which further confirmed a positive role of SODm-123 in improving stress tolerance in plants. Overall, the results of this study suggest that SODm-123 promotes the growth and development of tomato seedlings and therefore can be used as a potential growth-promoting agent for plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Liu
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhugang Li
- Institute of Tillage and Cultivation, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Hossein Ghanizadeh
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Huub Kerckhoffs
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Svetla Sofkova-Bobcheva
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Wending Wu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanxin Liu
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinmao Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Daqing High-Tech Zone Huamei Technology Co., Ltd., Daqing 161090, China
| | - Xiuling Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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84
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Hasanuzzaman M, Bhuyan MHMB, Parvin K, Bhuiyan TF, Anee TI, Nahar K, Hossen MS, Zulfiqar F, Alam MM, Fujita M. Regulation of ROS Metabolism in Plants under Environmental Stress: A Review of Recent Experimental Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228695. [PMID: 33218014 PMCID: PMC7698618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Various environmental stresses singly or in combination generate excess amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and impaired redox homeostasis. Generation of ROS is the obvious outcome of abiotic stresses and is gaining importance not only for their ubiquitous generation and subsequent damaging effects in plants but also for their diversified roles in signaling cascade, affecting other biomolecules, hormones concerning growth, development, or regulation of stress tolerance. Therefore, a good balance between ROS generation and the antioxidant defense system protects photosynthetic machinery, maintains membrane integrity, and prevents damage to nucleic acids and proteins. Notably, the antioxidant defense system not only scavenges ROS but also regulates the ROS titer for signaling. A glut of studies have been executed over the last few decades to discover the pattern of ROS generation and ROS scavenging. Reports suggested a sharp threshold level of ROS for being beneficial or toxic, depending on the plant species, their growth stages, types of abiotic stresses, stress intensity, and duration. Approaches towards enhancing the antioxidant defense in plants is one of the vital areas of research for plant biologists. Therefore, in this review, we accumulated and discussed the physicochemical basis of ROS production, cellular compartment-specific ROS generation pathways, and their possible distressing effects. Moreover, the function of the antioxidant defense system for detoxification and homeostasis of ROS for maximizing defense is also discussed in light of the latest research endeavors and experimental evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (T.I.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.F.)
| | | | - Khursheda Parvin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan;
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Tasnim Farha Bhuiyan
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (T.F.B.); (K.N.)
| | - Taufika Islam Anee
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (T.I.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (T.F.B.); (K.N.)
| | | | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Md. Mahabub Alam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (T.I.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan;
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.F.)
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85
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Li G, Zhou J, Sun M, Cen J, Xu J. Role of luteolin extracted from Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum Turcz leaves in protecting HepG2 cells from TBHP-induced oxidative stress and its cytotoxicity, genotoxicity. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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86
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Amir W, Farid M, Ishaq HK, Farid S, Zubair M, Alharby HF, Bamagoos AA, Rizwan M, Raza N, Hakeem KR, Ali S. Accumulation potential and tolerance response of Typha latifolia L. under citric acid assisted phytoextraction of lead and mercury. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127247. [PMID: 32534296 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chelate-assisted phytoextraction by high biomass producing macrophyte plant Typha latifolia L. commonly known as cattail, is gaining much attention worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of Lead (Pb) and Mercury (Hg) on physiology and biochemistry of plant, Pb and Hg uptake in T. latifolia with and without citric acid (CA) amendment. The uniform seedlings of T. latifolia were treated with various concentrations in the hydroponics as: Pb and Hg (1, 2.5, 5 mM) each alone and/or with CA (5 mM). After four weeks of treatments, the results revealed that Pb and Hg significantly reduced the plant agronomic traits as compare to non-treated plants. The addition of CA improved the plant physiology and enhanced the antioxidant enzymes activities to overcome Pb and Hg induced oxidative damage and electrolyte leakage. Our results depicted that Pb and Hg uptake and accumulation by T. latifolia was dose depend whereas, the addition of CA further increased the concentration and accumulation of Pb and Hg by up to 22 & 35% Pb and 72 & 40% Hg in roots, 25 & 26% Pb and 85 & 60% Hg in stems and 22 & 15 Pb and 100 & 58% Hg in leaves respectively compared to Pb and Hg treated only plants. On other hand, the root-shoot translocation factor was ≥1 and bioconcentration factor was also ≥2 for both Pb & Hg. The results also revealed that T. latifolia showed greater tolerance towards Hg and accumulated higher Hg in all parts compared with Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Amir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif A Bamagoos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Raza
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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87
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Augustyniak A, Pawłowicz I, Lechowicz K, Izbiańska-Jankowska K, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Rapacz M, Perlikowski D, Kosmala A. Freezing Tolerance of Lolium multiflorum/Festuca arundinacea Introgression Forms is Associated with the High Activity of Antioxidant System and Adjustment of Photosynthetic Activity under Cold Acclimation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165899. [PMID: 32824486 PMCID: PMC7460622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Though winter-hardiness is a complex trait, freezing tolerance was proved to be its main component. Species from temperate regions acquire tolerance to freezing in a process of cold acclimation, which is associated with the exposure of plants to low but non-freezing temperatures. However, mechanisms of cold acclimation in Lolium-Festuca grasses, important for forage production in Europe, have not been fully recognized. Thus, two L. multiflorum/F. arundinacea introgression forms with distinct freezing tolerance were used herein as models in the comprehensive research to dissect these mechanisms in that group of plants. The work was focused on: (i) analysis of cellular membranes' integrity; (ii) analysis of plant photosynthetic capacity (chlorophyll fluorescence; gas exchange; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes of the Calvin cycle); (iii) analysis of plant antioxidant capacity (reactive oxygen species generation; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes); and (iv) analysis of Cor14b accumulation, under cold acclimation. The more freezing tolerant introgression form revealed a higher integrity of membranes, an ability to cold acclimate its photosynthetic apparatus and higher water use efficiency after three weeks of cold acclimation, as well as a higher capacity of the antioxidant system and a lower content of reactive oxygen species in low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Augustyniak
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (A.A.); (I.P.); (K.L.); (D.P.)
| | - Izabela Pawłowicz
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (A.A.); (I.P.); (K.L.); (D.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Lechowicz
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (A.A.); (I.P.); (K.L.); (D.P.)
| | - Karolina Izbiańska-Jankowska
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.I.-J.); (M.A.-J.)
| | - Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.I.-J.); (M.A.-J.)
| | - Marcin Rapacz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Dawid Perlikowski
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (A.A.); (I.P.); (K.L.); (D.P.)
| | - Arkadiusz Kosmala
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (A.A.); (I.P.); (K.L.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence:
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88
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Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense in Plants under Abiotic Stress: Revisiting the Crucial Role of a Universal Defense Regulator. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080681. [PMID: 32751256 PMCID: PMC7465626 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 799] [Impact Index Per Article: 199.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Global climate change and associated adverse abiotic stress conditions, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, waterlogging, extreme temperatures, oxygen deprivation, etc., greatly influence plant growth and development, ultimately affecting crop yield and quality, as well as agricultural sustainability in general. Plant cells produce oxygen radicals and their derivatives, so-called reactive oxygen species (ROS), during various processes associated with abiotic stress. Moreover, the generation of ROS is a fundamental process in higher plants and employs to transmit cellular signaling information in response to the changing environmental conditions. One of the most crucial consequences of abiotic stress is the disturbance of the equilibrium between the generation of ROS and antioxidant defense systems triggering the excessive accumulation of ROS and inducing oxidative stress in plants. Notably, the equilibrium between the detoxification and generation of ROS is maintained by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems under harsh environmental stresses. Although this field of research has attracted massive interest, it largely remains unexplored, and our understanding of ROS signaling remains poorly understood. In this review, we have documented the recent advancement illustrating the harmful effects of ROS, antioxidant defense system involved in ROS detoxification under different abiotic stresses, and molecular cross-talk with other important signal molecules such as reactive nitrogen, sulfur, and carbonyl species. In addition, state-of-the-art molecular approaches of ROS-mediated improvement in plant antioxidant defense during the acclimation process against abiotic stresses have also been discussed.
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89
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Calcium Improves Germination and Growth of Sorghum bicolor Seedlings under Salt Stress. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060730. [PMID: 32531914 PMCID: PMC7356090 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is a major constraint limiting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Thus, understanding the mechanism underlying plant stress response is of importance to developing new approaches that will increase salt tolerance in crops. This study reports the effects of salt stress on Sorghum bicolor during germination and the role of calcium (Ca2+) to ameliorate some of the effects of salt. To this end, sorghum seeds were germinated in the presence and absence of different NaCl (200 and 300 mM) and Ca2+ (5, 15, or 35 mM) concentrations. Salt stress delayed germination, reduced growth, increased proline, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents. Salt also induced the expression of key antioxidant (ascorbate peroxidase and catalase) and the Salt Overlay Sensitive1 genes, whereas in the presence of Ca2+ their expression was reduced except for the vacuolar Na+/H+ exchanger antiporter2 gene, which increased by 65-fold compared to the control. Ca2+ reversed the salt-induced delayed germination and promoted seedling growth, which was concomitant with reduced H2O2 and Na+/K+ ratio, indicating a protective effect. Ca2+ also effectively protected the sorghum epidermis and xylem layers from severe damage caused by salt stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that sorghum on its own responds to high salt stress through modulation of osmoprotectants and regulation of stress-responsive genes. Finally, 5 mM exogenously applied Ca2+ was most effective in enhancing salt stress tolerance by counteracting oxidative stress and improving Na+/K+ ratio, which in turn improved germination efficiency and root growth in seedlings stressed by high NaCl.
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90
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Gohari G, Safai F, Panahirad S, Akbari A, Rasouli F, Dadpour MR, Fotopoulos V. Modified multiwall carbon nanotubes display either phytotoxic or growth promoting and stress protecting activity in Ocimum basilicum L. in a concentration-dependent manner. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126171. [PMID: 32087452 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based materials including multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been recently implicated in a number of reports dealing with their potential use in agriculture, leading to contradictory findings. In this study, MWCNTs were successfully functionalized with carboxylic acid groups (MWCNTs-COOH) in order to increase water dispersion. Hydroponically cultured sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seedlings were subjected to four concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg L-1) of MWCNTs-COOH under three salt stress levels (0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl). An array of agronomic, physiological, analytical and biochemical parameters were evaluated in an attempt to examine the potential use of MWCNTs in plants under optimal and abiotic stress conditions. Application of MWCNTs-COOH at optimum concentration (50 mg L-1) could ameliorate the negative effects of salinity stress by increasing chlorophyll and carotenoids content and inducing non-enzymatic (i.e. phenolic content) and enzymatic antioxidant components (i.e. ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (GP) activity). Furthermore, MWCNTs-COOH treatments under optimal conditions induced plant growth, while a significant increase (P ≤ 0.01) was recorded in essential oil content and compound profile. On the other hand, biochemical and epifluorescence microscopy evidence suggested that high dosage (100 mg L-1) of MWCNTs-COOH leads to toxicity effects in plant tissue. Overall, the positive response of plants to low concentrations of MWCNTs-COOH under control and abiotic stress conditions renders them as potential novel plant growth promoting and stress protecting agents, opening up new perspectives for their use in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Safai
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Sima Panahirad
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Farzad Rasouli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Dadpour
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
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91
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Characterisation of recombinant thermostable manganese-superoxide dismutase (NeMnSOD) from Nerium oleander. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3251-3270. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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92
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Gu Y, Liang C. Responses of antioxidative enzymes and gene expression in Oryza sativa L and Cucumis sativus L seedlings to microcystins stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110351. [PMID: 32109583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) have become an important global environmental issue, causing oxidative stress, which is an important toxic mechanism for MCs in plants. However, the regulating mechanism of antioxidative enzymes in plants in adapting to MCs stress remains unclear. We studied the dynamic effects of MCs at different concentrations (5, 10, 50 and 100 μg/L) in rice and cucumber seedlings on relative growth rate (RGR), and reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and antioxidative enzyme activities, during a stress period (MCs exposed for 1, 3, 5 and 7 d) and recovery period (7 d). During the stress period, MCs at 5 μg/L inhibited RGR in cucumber and promoted RGR in rice. The contents of superoxide anion (O2·-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and MDA increased and RGR declined in both crops with time and intensity of MCs stress. For cucumber, all these parameters responded earlier to MCs stress, and O2·-, MDA and RGR were more responsive to MCs stress than in rice. Moreover, catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), and the relative expressions of CAT genes increased in both crops at 5-100 μg/L MCs, whereas relative expression of POD genes increased only in cucumber. Diversely, superoxide dismutase (SOD) response to MCs in cucumber leaves was later than for rice. MCs at 100 μg/L decreased the relative expression of SOD genes in cucumber but did not change SOD activity. During the recovery period, all the above indicators in both crops were higher than the control and lower than in the stress period. Conversely, RGR was lower than in the control and higher than in the stress period, except for cucumber which was lower, and MDA content higher than the stress period at 100 μg/L MCs. Overall, these results indicated that cucumber was more sensitive to MCs than rice, and SOD, CAT and POD play an important role in plant response to MCs stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chanjuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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93
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Biochemical parameters and physiological changes in maize plants submitted to water deficiency. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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94
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Decou R, Delmail D, Labrousse P. Myriophyllum alterniflorum biochemical changes during in vitro Cu/Cd metal stress: Focusing on cell detoxifying enzymes. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 219:105361. [PMID: 31862548 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Given the toxicity of trace metals, their concentration, speciation and bioavailability serve to induce various plant detoxification processes, which themselves are specific to several parameters like plant species, tissue type and developmental stage. In this study, Myriophyllum alterniflorum (or alternate watermilfoil) enzyme activities (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) from in vitro cultures was measured over 27 days in response to copper (Cu) or cadmium (Cd) stress. These enzymes are unique to reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging (mainly hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and superoxide anion O2-) and moreover showed specific or unspecific activity profiles, depending on the metal concentrations used. Our results suggest a higher-priority protection of chloroplasts during the initial days of exposure to both metals. At the same time, the increased catalase activity could indicate an H2O2 diffusion in peroxisome in order to protect other organelles from ROS accumulation. However, as opposed to the Cd effects, high Cu concentrations appear to induce a "limited oxidative threshold" for some antioxidant enzymes, which could suggest an ion absorption competition between Cu2+ and Fe2+. In spite of an overall analysis conducted of the scavenging processes occurring in plant cells, biochemical analyses still yielded relevant indications regarding the watermilfoil strategies used for ROS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Decou
- University of Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, F-87000 Limoges, France.
| | - David Delmail
- University of Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, F-87000 Limoges, France; University of Rennes 1, UMR 6118 Géosciences, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Labrousse
- University of Limoges, PEIRENE, EA 7500, F-87000 Limoges, France
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95
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Khan ZS, Rizwan M, Hafeez M, Ali S, Adrees M, Qayyum MF, Khalid S, Ur Rehman MZ, Sarwar MA. Effects of silicon nanoparticles on growth and physiology of wheat in cadmium contaminated soil under different soil moisture levels. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4958-4968. [PMID: 31840219 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06673-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil degradation with different stress conditions like accumulation of cadmium (Cd) contents in soil and drought stress has become one of the most dangerous issues that obstruct the sustainable agriculture production. Silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) play beneficial roles in combating various biotic and abiotic stresses but their role under combined metal and drought stress is not studied. A pot study was designed to determine the effect of Si NPs on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and uptake of Cd grown in Cd contaminated soil with different water levels under ambient conditions. Four different levels of Si NPs (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) were applied in the soil before 1 week of wheat sowing and two water levels (70% and 35% soil water-holding capacity) were introduced after 50 days of seed sowing for the remaining growth period. The lowest biomass, yield, and photosynthesis were observed in the control plants while oxidative stress and the highest Cd concentrations in shoots, roots, and grains were observed in the control plants, and the drought stress further enhanced this effect on the plants. The Si NPs treatments improved the plant growth indicators and photosynthesis, and reduced the Cd concentrations in wheat tissues, especially in grains either without or with drought stress. The Si NPs reduced the oxidative stress in leaves as was indicated by the reduced production of hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde contents, and increase in superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities. The improvement in wheat growth and a reduction in oxidative stress and Cd concentration in tissues were dependent on the levels of Si NPs and the effect was the highest with the highest level of NPs used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Saeed Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- Department of Physics, University of Management & Technology, Johar Town Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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96
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Gohari G, Mohammadi A, Akbari A, Panahirad S, Dadpour MR, Fotopoulos V, Kimura S. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) promote growth and ameliorate salinity stress effects on essential oil profile and biochemical attributes of Dracocephalum moldavica. Sci Rep 2020; 10:912. [PMID: 31969653 PMCID: PMC6976586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) role in plant growth and especially in plant tolerance against abiotic stress, a greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate TiO2 NPs effects (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg L-1) on agronomic traits of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) plants grown under different salinity levels (0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl). Results demonstrated that all agronomic traits were negatively affected under all salinity levels but application of 100 mg L-1 TiO2 NPs mitigated these negative effects. TiO2 NPs application on Moldavian balm grown under salt stress conditions improved all agronomic traits and increased antioxidant enzyme activity compared with plants grown under salinity without TiO2 NP treatment. The application of TiO2 NPs significantly lowered H2O2 concentration. In addition, highest essential oil content (1.19%) was obtained in 100 mg L-1 TiO2 NP-treated plants under control conditions. Comprehensive GC/MS analysis of essential oils showed that geranial, z-citral, geranyl acetate and geraniol were the dominant essential oil components. The highest amounts for geranial, geraniol and z-citral were obtained in 100 mg L-1 TiO2 NP-treated plants under control conditions. In conclusion, application of 100 mg L-1 TiO2 NPs could significantly ameliorate the salinity effects in Moldavian balm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Asghar Mohammadi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Sima Panahirad
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Dadpour
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology Limassol, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Seisuke Kimura
- Department of Industrial Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-Ku, Kyoto, 603-8555, Japan
- Center for Ecological Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-Ku, Kyoto, 603-8555, Japan
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97
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Pan C, Lu H, Liu J, Yu J, Wang Q, Li J, Yang J, Hong H, Yan C. SODs involved in the hormone mediated regulation of H 2O 2 content in Kandelia obovata root tissues under cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113272. [PMID: 31672353 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in mangrove wetlands has received increasing attention as urbanization expands rapidly. As a dominant mangrove species, Kandelia obovata is highly tolerant to Cd toxicity. Plant hormones and superoxide dismutase (SODs) play critical roles in the response to heavy metal stress in K. obovata roots. Although theirs important influence have been reported, the regulation mechanism between SODs and plant hormones in Cd detoxification by K. obovata roots remains limited. Here, we investigated relationships among SOD, plant hormones, and Cd tolerance in K. obovata roots exposed to Cd. We found that Cd was retained in the epidermis and exodermis of roots, and the epidermis and exodermis had highest hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and SOD activity. Similarly, SOD isozymes also exhibited distinct activity in the different parts of root. Overexpressed KoCSD3 and KoFSD2 individually in Nicotiana benthamiana revealed that different SOD members contributed to H2O2 content regulation by promote the activity of downstream antioxidant enzymes under Cd treatment. In addition, assays on the effects of hormones showed that increased endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was observed in the cortex and stele, whereas the abscisic acid (ABA) content was enhanced in the epidermis and exodermis in roots during Cd treatment. The results of exogenous hormones treatment indicated that KoFSD2 upregulated under ABA and IAA treatment, but KoCSD3 only induced by ABA stimulation. Taken together, our results reveal the relationship between SODs and plant hormones, which expands the knowledge base regarding KoSODs response to plant hormones and mediating H2O2 concentration under Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Junyi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Junwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Jinjin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, XiamenUniversity, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
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98
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Zhou X, Xiang Y, Li C, Yu G. Modulatory Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Root Development in Model Plant of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:485932. [PMID: 33042167 PMCID: PMC7525048 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.485932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a type of oxygen monoelectronic reduction product, have a higher chemical activity than O2. Although ROS pose potential risks to all organisms via inducing oxidative stress, indispensable role of ROS in individual development cannot be ignored. Among them, the role of ROS in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is deeply studied. Mounting evidence suggests that ROS are essential for root and root hair development. In the present review, we provide an updated perspective on the latest research progress pertaining to the role of ROS in the precise regulation of root stem cell maintenance and differentiation, redox regulation of the cell cycle, and root hair initiation during root growth. Among the different types of ROS, O2 •- and H2O2 have been extensively investigated, and they exhibit different gradient distributions in the roots. The concentration of O2 •- decreases along a gradient from the meristem to the transition zone and the concentration of H2O2 decreases along a gradient from the differentiation zone to the elongation zone. These gradients are regulated by peroxidases, which are modulated by the UPBEAT1 (UPB1) transcription factor. In addition, multiple transcriptional factors, such as APP1, ABO8, PHB3, and RITF1, which are involved in the brassinolide signaling pathway, converge as a ROS signal to regulate root stem cell maintenance. Furthermore, superoxide anions (O2 •-) are generated from the oxidation in mitochondria, ROS produced during plasmid metabolism, H2O2 produced in apoplasts, and catalysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) in the cell membrane. Furthermore, ROS can act as a signal to regulate redox status, which regulates the expression of the cell-cycle components CYC2;3, CYCB1;1, and retinoblastoma-related protein, thereby controlling the cell-cycle progression. In the root maturation zone, the epidermal cells located in the H cell position emerge to form hair cells, and plant hormones, such as auxin and ethylene regulate root hair formation via ROS. Furthermore, ROS accumulation can influence hormone signal transduction and vice versa. Data about the association between nutrient stress and ROS signals in root hair development are scarce. However, the fact that ROBHC/RHD2 or RHD6 is specifically expressed in root hair cells and induced by nutrients, may explain the relationship. Future studies should focus on the regulatory mechanisms underlying root hair development via the interactions of ROS with hormone signals and nutrient components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guanghui Yu
- *Correspondence: Guanghui Yu, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-3174-1878
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99
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Anjum NA, Amreen, Tantray AY, Khan NA, Ahmad A. Reactive oxygen species detection-approaches in plants: Insights into genetically encoded FRET-based sensors. J Biotechnol 2019; 308:108-117. [PMID: 31836526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (and their reaction products) in abiotic stressed plants can be simultaneous. Hence, it is very difficult to establish individual roles of ROS (and their reaction products) in plants particularly under abiotic stress conditions. It is highly imperative to detect ROS (and their reaction products) and ascertain their role in vivo and also to point their optimal level in order to unveil exact relation of ROS (and their reaction products) with the major components of ROS-controlling systems. Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) technology enables us with high potential for monitoring and quantification of ROS and redox variations, avoiding some of the obstacles presented by small-molecule fluorescent dyes. This paper aims to: (i) introduce ROS and overview ROS-chemistry and ROS-accrued major damages to major biomolecules; (ii) highlight invasive and non-invasive approaches for the detection of ROS (and their reaction products); (iii) appraise literature available on genetically encoded ROS (and their reaction products)-sensors based on FRET technology, and (iv) enlighten so far unexplored aspects in the current context. The studies integrating the outcomes of the FRET-based ROS-detection approaches with OMICS sciences (genetics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) would enlighten major insights into real-time ROS and redox dynamics, and their signaling at cellular and subcellular levels in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Anjum
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, U.P., India.
| | - Amreen
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, U.P., India
| | - Aadil Y Tantray
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, U.P., India
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, U.P., India
| | - Altaf Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, U.P., India.
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100
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Zhou C, Zhu C, Fu H, Li X, Chen L, Lin Y, Lai Z, Guo Y. Genome-wide investigation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene family and their regulatory miRNAs reveal the involvement in abiotic stress and hormone response in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223609. [PMID: 31600284 PMCID: PMC6786557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs), as a family of metalloenzymes related to the removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS), have not previously been investigated at genome-wide level in tea plant. In this study, 10 CsSOD genes were identified in tea plant genome, including 7 Cu/Zn-SODs (CSDs), 2 Fe-SODs (FSDs) and one Mn-SOD (MSD), and phylogenetically classified in three subgroups, respectively. Physico-chemical characteristic, conserved motifs and potential protein interaction analyses about CsSOD proteins were carried out. Exon-intron structures and codon usage bias about CsSOD genes were also examined. Exon-intron structures analysis revealed that different CsSOD genes contained various number of introns. On the basis of the prediction of regulatory miRNAs of CsSODs, a modification 5’ RNA ligase-mediated (RLM)-RACE was performed and validated that csn-miR398a-3p-1 directly cleaves CsCSD4. By prediction of cis-acting elements, the expression patterns of 10 CsSOD genes and their regulatory miRNAs were detected under cold, drought, exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and gibberellin (GA3) treatments. The results showed that most of CsSODs except for CsFSD2 were induced under cold stress and CsCSDs may play primary roles under drought stress; exogenous GA3 and MeJA could also stimulated/inhibited distinct CsSODs at different stages. In addition, we found that csn-miR398a-3p-1 negatively regulated the expression of CsCSD4 may be a crucial regulatory mechanism under cold stress. This study provides a certain basis for the studies about stress resistance in tea plants, even provide insight into comprehending the classification, evolution, diverse functions and influencing factors of expression patterns for CsSOD genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhe Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haifeng Fu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaozhen Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuling Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqiong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- * E-mail:
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