51
|
Nogueira de Sá ACMG, Gomes CS, Moreira AD, Velasquez-Melendez G, Malta DC. Prevalence and factors associated with self-reported diagnosis of high cholesterol in the Brazilian adult population: National Health Survey 2019. EPIDEMIOLOGIA E SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE 2022; 31:e2021380. [PMID: 35792796 PMCID: PMC9897820 DOI: 10.1590/ss2237-9622202200002.especial] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of self-reported high cholesterol diagnosis and to analyze the factors associated with the prevalence in the Brazilian adult population. METHODS Cross-sectional study, using data from the 2019 National Health Survey. The diagnosis of high cholesterol was self-reported. Poisson regression models yielded prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS In the 88,531 adults, the prevalence of high cholesterol was 14.6%. Positively associated: female sex (PR = 1.44; 95%CI 1.40;1.52), age ≥ 60 years (PR = 3.80; 95%CI 3.06;4.71), health insurance (PR = 1.33; 95%CI 1.24;1.42), poor or very poor self-rated health (PR = 1.75; 95%CI 1.60;1.90), hypertension (PR = 1.78; 95%CI 1.68;-1.89), diabetes (RP = 1.54; 95%CI 1.45;1.65), renal failure (PR = 1.33; 95%CI 1.15;1.53), obesity (PR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.18;1.36), former smoker (PR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.07;1.20), alcohol abuse (PR = 1.11; 95%CI 1.01;1.21), physically active during leisure time (PR = 1.22; 95%CI 1.15;1.30). CONCLUSION High cholesterol was associated with sociodemographic characteristics, health condition and lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Crizian Saar Gomes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Belo
Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
52
|
Malta DC, Bernal RTI, Sá ACMGND, Silva TMRD, Iser BPM, Duncan BB, Schimdt MI. Self-reported diabetes and factors associated with it in the Brazilian adult population: National Health Survey, 2019. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2022; 27:2643-2653. [PMID: 35730835 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232022277.02572022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the prevalence of self-reported diabetes and its associated factors in the Brazilian adult population. It is a cross-sectional study using the 2019 National Health Survey. Prevalence and crude prevalence ratios (PRc) and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRa) of self-reported diabetes were estimated, with confidence intervals (95% CI), using Poisson regression. In the 82,349 adults, the prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 7.7%. Positively associated factors were: advanced age with greater association after 60 years (PRa 24.87; 95%CI 15.78-39.18); living in the Northeast (PRa 1.16; 95%CI 1.04-1.29), Southeast (PRa 1.27; 95% CI 1.14-1.43), South (PRa 1.18; 95%CI 1, 05-1.34), and Midwest (PRa 1.21; 95%CI 1.06-1.38); being a former smoker (PRa 1.17; 95%CI 1.09-1.27); self-assessment of regular health (PRa 2.41; 95%CI 2.21-2.64), bad/very bad (PRa 3.45; 95%CI 3.06-3.88); having heart disease (PRa 1.81; 95%CI 1.64-2.00), hypertension (PRa 2.84; 95%CI 2.60-3.69), high cholesterol (PRa 2.22; 95%CI 2.05-2.41), overweight (PRa 1.49; 95%CI 1.36-1.64), and obesity (PRa 2.25; 95%CI 2.05-2.47). It could be concluded that diabetes in Brazilian adults is associated with sociodemographic factors, aging, lifestyle, and morbidities. These results can guide public policies for the prevention and control of disease in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais . Av. Alfredo Balena 190, Santa Efigênia. 30130-100 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - Regina Tomie Ivata Bernal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | | | - Tércia Moreira Ribeiro da Silva
- Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais . Av. Alfredo Balena 190, Santa Efigênia. 30130-100 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil.
| | | | - Bruce Bartholow Duncan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre RS Brasil
| | - Maria Inês Schimdt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre RS Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Ye J, Li L, Wang M, Ma Q, Tian Y, Zhang Q, Liu J, Li B, Zhang B, Liu H, Sun G. Diabetes Mellitus Promotes the Development of Atherosclerosis: The Role of NLRP3. Front Immunol 2022; 13:900254. [PMID: 35844498 PMCID: PMC9277049 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus, involving a variety of pathogenic factors. Endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress are hallmarks of diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Although the ability of diabetes to promote atherosclerosis has been demonstrated, a deeper understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms is critical to identifying new targets. NLRP3 plays an important role in both diabetes and atherosclerosis. While the diversity of its activation modes is one of the underlying causes of complex effects in the progression of diabetes and atherosclerosis, it also provides many new insights for targeted interventions in metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuxiao Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiushi Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bengang Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guibo Sun, ; Haitao Liu,
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guibo Sun, ; Haitao Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Impact of Alexithymia on the Lipid Profile in Major Depressed Individuals. J Lipids 2022; 2022:5450814. [PMID: 35755481 PMCID: PMC9225907 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5450814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cooccurrence of major depression and dyslipidaemia is associated with negative cardiovascular outcome, which seems to justify a better identification of the factors favouring the development of dyslipidaemia in major depressed individuals. In the literature, there are arguments in favour of a special relationship between dyslipidaemia and alexithymia. However, despite a high prevalence of alexithymia in major depressed individuals, no study has investigated the impact of this personality trait on the lipid profile in this particular subpopulation. Given these elements, the aim of this study was therefore to investigate the risk of dyslipidaemia associated with alexithymia in major depressed individuals to allow better cardiovascular prevention in this subpopulation. Subjects and Methods. Demographic and polysomnographic data from 242 major depressed individuals recruited from the clinical database of the sleep laboratory were analysed. Only individuals with a diagnosis of dyslipidaemia according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Diabetes Federation at admission were included in the “dyslipidaemia” group. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk of dyslipidaemia associated with alexithymia in major depressed individuals. Results The prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 43.8% in our sample of major depressed individuals. After adjusting for the main confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that alexithymia was a risk factor for dyslipidaemia in major depressed individuals. Conclusions In this study, we found that alexithymia is a risk factor for dyslipidaemia in major depressed individuals, which seems to justify better identification and adequate management of this personality trait in order to allow a better lipid profile in this subpopulation at high cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
|
55
|
Berta E, Zsíros N, Bodor M, Balogh I, Lőrincz H, Paragh G, Harangi M. Clinical Aspects of Genetic and Non-Genetic Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071158. [PMID: 35885941 PMCID: PMC9321861 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common monogenic metabolic disorder characterized by considerably elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels leading to enhanced atherogenesis, early cardiovascular disease (CVD), and premature death. However, the wide phenotypic heterogeneity in FH makes the cardiovascular risk prediction challenging in clinical practice to determine optimal therapeutic strategy. Beyond the lifetime LDL-C vascular accumulation, other genetic and non-genetic risk factors might exacerbate CVD development. Besides the most frequent variants of three genes (LDL-R, APOB, and PCSK9) in some proband variants of other genes implicated in lipid metabolism and atherogenesis are responsible for FH phenotype. Furthermore, non-genetic factors, including traditional cardiovascular risk factors, metabolic and endocrine disorders might also worsen risk profile. Although some were extensively studied previously, others, such as common endocrine disorders including thyroid disorders or polycystic ovary syndrome are not widely evaluated in FH. In this review, we summarize the most important genetic and non-genetic factors that might affect the risk prediction and therapeutic strategy in FH through the eyes of clinicians focusing on disorders that might not be in the center of FH research. The review highlights the complexity of FH care and the need of an interdisciplinary attitude to find the best therapeutic approach in FH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Berta
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.); (N.Z.); (H.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Noémi Zsíros
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.); (N.Z.); (H.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Miklós Bodor
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - István Balogh
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Hajnalka Lőrincz
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.); (N.Z.); (H.L.); (G.P.)
| | - György Paragh
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.); (N.Z.); (H.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Mariann Harangi
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.); (N.Z.); (H.L.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +36-52-442-101
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Huang Y, Ashaolu TJ, Olatunji OJ. Micronized Dietary Okara Fiber: Characterization, Antioxidant, Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Pancreato-Protective Effects in High Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19764-19774. [PMID: 35722005 PMCID: PMC9202274 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a lifelong devastating and debilitating disease with serious chronic complications. Okara is a byproduct generated from soymilk or tofu production and it has been reported to have antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects. However, the antidiabetic effects and pancreatic β-cells' secretory functions of micronized okara fiber (MOF) have not been reported. Therefore, this study explored the antidiabetic effects and modulatory potentials of MOF on pancreatic β-cells' secretory functions in a high fat/high sugar/streptozotocin rat model of diabetes mellitus. Fiber-rich okara was prepared by removing fat and proteins from freshly obtained okara, followed by micronization. Fiber-rich okara was prepared, micronized, and characterized for hydrophobicity, thermal stability, structure-function relationship, and antioxidant potentials. We then established a rat model of DM and MOF and two doses (100 and 400 mg kg-1) were administered to see its anti-DM effect. Four weeks of MOF supplementation significantly reduced blood glucose, increased serum insulin level, improved hepatorenal functions, glucose tolerance, and regenerated pancreatic β-cells in the treated DM rats. Furthermore, MOF significantly improved the pancreatic antioxidant defense system by significantly elevating glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities while depleting the malonaldehyde level in the pancreas of the treated diabetic rats. Our results indicated that MOF ameliorated DM by impeding hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress and enhancing the secretory functions of the beta cells, suggesting that MOF might be used as a protective nutrient in DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Huang
- Department
of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Tolulope Joshua Ashaolu
- Institute
of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Faculty
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Traditional
Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional
Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Circulating Lipoproteins in Subjects with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery with Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122381. [PMID: 35745111 PMCID: PMC9228705 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of various bariatric procedures on the mitigation of the obese dyslipidemia remains debated, and the impact of these measures on lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels is unknown. In this study we aimed to compare the two most commonly used procedures: gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Adult patients with morbid obesity were assigned to receive either RYGB or SG. The levels of non-HDL cholesterol, LDL/HDL-ratio and Lp(a) at examinations conducted 6 and 12 months postoperatively were determined and compared to preoperative levels to estimate the efficacy of the two surgical methods. All results 6 and 12 months after surgery were used in the comparisons with the preoperative results. A linear mixed regression model for repeated analyses was used. The Lp(a) and the non-HDL cholesterol levels were considerably reduced in the RYGB group, in contrast to the minor changes in the SG group. In addition, the LDL/HDL ratio was significantly more reduced in the RYGB group when compared to the SG group. Conclusively, RYGB was found to be more efficient than SG for the mitigation of obese dyslipidemia, including preoperative high Lp(a)-levels. This might have important individual and societal implications, especially regarding the potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and the related societal costs.
Collapse
|
58
|
Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Efficiency of Lactobacillus plantarum Fermented Oat (Avena sativa) Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8060267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antidiabetic properties of fermented foods have been previously demonstrated. This study aimed to examine the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic potential activities of L. plantarum fermented oat extract in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Firstly, inoculating 1% of L. plantarum starter culture in 10% whole oat flour in aqueous media resulted in 8.36 log CFU mL−1 and pH 4.60 after 72 h of fermentation at 37 °C. With time progression of oat fermentation, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AOA), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) contents were significantly increased up to 72 h. On the contrary, a significant reduction in β-glucan content was observed only after 72 h of fermentation. Secondly, separated aqueous extracts, i.e., unfermented oat extract (UFOE) and L. plantarum fermented oat extract (LFOE) were examined in vivo in a rat model, which consisted of five groups. Group 1 (negative group, NR); GROUP 2 (positive group, STZ), intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 45 mg kg−1 BW of Streptozotocin and administered 7 mL of distilled water orally per day; Group 3 (STZ+MET), diabetic rats orally administered 50 mg of metformin kg−1 BW daily; Group 4 (STZ+UFOE), diabetic rats orally administered 7 mL of UFOE daily; and Group 5 (STZ+UFOE), diabetic rats orally administered 7 mL of LFOE daily for 6 weeks. Monitoring random blood glucose (RBG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) showed that both the UFOE and the LFOE alleviated hyperglycemia in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. The extracts were significantly efficient in improving serum lipid profiles as compared with the positive group. Moreover, liver and kidneys’ functions were improved, and both extracts promoted hepatoprotective and nephroprotective characteristics. Furthermore, the administration of the UFOE and the LFOE efficiently attenuated GSH, CAT, and SOD enzymes and decreased MDA levels as compared with the positive group. In conclusion, data indicate the potential of UFOE and LFOE in future strategies as functional supplements against diabetes and diabetes-related complications.
Collapse
|
59
|
Hukportie DN, Li F, Zhou R, Zheng J, Wu X, Zou M, Wu X. Lipid variability and risk of microvascular complications in Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial: A post hoc analysis. J Diabetes 2022; 14:365-376. [PMID: 35668633 PMCID: PMC9366577 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greater lipid variability may cause adverse health events among diabetic patients. We aimed to examine the effect of lipid variability on the risk of diabetic microvascular outcomes among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. METHODS We assessed the association between visit-to-visit variability (measured by variability independent of mean) in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), triglyceride, and remnant cholesterol (RC) measurements among participants involved in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study and the risk of incident microvascular outcomes, including nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS There were 2400, 2470, and 2468 cases of nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy during a follow-up period of 22 600, 21 542, and 26 701 person-years, respectively. Higher levels of HDL, triglyceride, and RC variability were associated with an increased risk of incident nephropathy and neuropathy. Compared with the lowest quartile, the fully adjusted HRs (95% CI) for the highest quartile of HDL, triglyceride, and RC variability for nephropathy risk were 1.57 (1.22, 2.01), 1.50 (1.18, 1.92), and 1.40 (1.09, 1.80), respectively; and for neuropathy, the corresponding risks were 1.36 (1.05, 1.75), 1.47 (1.14, 1.91), and 1.35 (1.04, 1.74), respectively. Null association was observed between LDL variability and all microvascular complications. Additionally, all associations of variability in the other lipids with retinopathy risk were null. CONCLUSION Among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, HDL, triglyceride, and RC variability were associated with increased risks of nephropathy and neuropathy but not retinopathy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov., no. NCT00000620.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nyarko Hukportie
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fu‐Rong Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- School of Public Health and Emergency ManagementSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jia‐Zhen Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Xiang Wu
- Department of General Surgery157 Hospital, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military CommandGuangzhouChina
| | - Meng‐Chen Zou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xian‐Bo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Paul S, Majumdar M. Comparative study of six antidiabetic polyherbal formulation for its multimodal approaches in diabetes management. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:114. [PMID: 35547015 PMCID: PMC9013732 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial antidiabetic polyherbal formulations (APH) are available with claimed hypoglycemic activities; yet they lack systematic scientific studies leading to their limited global acceptance. In the present study, six selected APH from the Indian market were evaluated for their phytochemical contents, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antioxidant activities and further identifying the major antidiabetic bioactive compound of "MA" by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Our results revealed highest TPC (136.97 ± 0.6 µg GAE/mg) and TFC (128.85 ± 0.74 µg QE/mg) in APH-DB and APH-SN, respectively. APH-MA has exhibited highest α-amylase 72.5% (IC50-579.65 μg/ml), α-glucosidase 88.02% (IC50-261.03 μg/ml) and moderate lipase inhibition 57.7% (IC50 159.57 μg/ml). A variable free radical scavenging activity was observed by all the tested APH. Further significant linear positive correlations were observed between TPC-Lipase (r 2-0.985****), TFC-α-amylase (r 2-0.868**) and DPPH-α-amylase inhibition (r 2-0.8098*). HPLC-ESI-MS/MS of MA showed the presence of anti-hyperglycemic compounds, Pheophorbide a and Pyropheophorbide a, as the major peaks. Among the tested extracts, MA exhibited better activities while BG, MH, SN, DB, and DT have showed comparable/mild anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant potential. Hence the tested APH may be considered effective for DM management which can further be assessed for their other targets of inhibition.
Collapse
|
61
|
Maternal and Fetal Metabolites in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050383. [PMID: 35629887 PMCID: PMC9143359 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major public health issue of our century due to its increasing prevalence, affecting 5% to 20% of all pregnancies. The pathogenesis of GDM has not been completely elucidated to date. Increasing evidence suggests the association of environmental factors with genetic and epigenetic factors in the development of GDM. So far, several metabolomics studies have investigated metabolic disruptions associated with GDM. The aim of this review is to highlight the usefulness of maternal metabolites as diagnosis markers of GDM as well as the importance of both maternal and fetal metabolites as prognosis biomarkers for GDM and GDM’s transition to type 2 diabetes mellitus T2DM.
Collapse
|
62
|
RSSDI consensus recommendations for dyslipidemia management in diabetes mellitus. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-022-01063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
63
|
Vargas-Vargas MA, Saavedra-Molina A, Gómez-Barroso M, Peña-Montes D, Cortés-Rojo C, Miguel H, Trujillo X, Montoya-Pérez R. Dietary Iron Restriction Improves Muscle Function, Dyslipidemia, and Decreased Muscle Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040731. [PMID: 35453417 PMCID: PMC9030937 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. Iron catalyzes free radical overproduction. High iron concentrations have previously been reported to promote an increase in oxidative stress; however, the effect of iron restriction in diabetes has not yet been explored, so we tested to see if iron restriction in diabetic rats reduces oxidative damage and improved muscle function. Wistar rats were assigned to 4 groups: Control; Diabetic; Diabetic rats with a high iron diet, and Diabetic with dietary iron restriction. After 8 weeks the rats were sacrificed, the muscles were extracted to prepare homogenates, and serum was obtained for biochemical measurements. Low iron diabetic rats showed an increase in the development of muscle strength in both muscles. Dietary iron restriction decreased triglyceride concentrations compared to the untreated diabetic rats and the levels of extremely low-density lipoproteins. Aggravation of lipid peroxidation was observed in the diabetic group with a high iron diet, while these levels remained low with iron restriction. Iron restriction improved muscle strength development and reduced fatigue times; this was related to better lipid profile control and decreased oxidant stress markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico; (M.A.V.-V.); (A.S.-M.); (M.G.-B.); (D.P.-M.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico; (M.A.V.-V.); (A.S.-M.); (M.G.-B.); (D.P.-M.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Mariana Gómez-Barroso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico; (M.A.V.-V.); (A.S.-M.); (M.G.-B.); (D.P.-M.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Donovan Peña-Montes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico; (M.A.V.-V.); (A.S.-M.); (M.G.-B.); (D.P.-M.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico; (M.A.V.-V.); (A.S.-M.); (M.G.-B.); (D.P.-M.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Huerta Miguel
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Las Víboras, Colima 24040, Mexico; (H.M.); (X.T.)
| | - Xochitl Trujillo
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Las Víboras, Colima 24040, Mexico; (H.M.); (X.T.)
| | - Rocío Montoya-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico; (M.A.V.-V.); (A.S.-M.); (M.G.-B.); (D.P.-M.); (C.C.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Javrushyan H, Nadiryan E, Grigoryan A, Avtandilyan N, Maloyan A. Antihyperglycemic activity of L-norvaline and L-arginine in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-treated male rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 126:104763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
65
|
Amssayef A, Bouadid I, Eddouks M. Oakmoss Exhibits Antihyperglycemic Activity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:CHDDT-EPUB-121608. [PMID: 35297355 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x22666220316100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The study aimed to assess the antidiabetic effect of Oakmoss. BACKGROUND Lichens species are dual organisms consisting of a mycobiont (Fungi) and a photoautotrophic partner (Algae). They are widely used in traditional medicine as a treatment against diabetes. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to assess the antihyperglycemic activity as well as the antihyperlipidemic capacity of Oakmoss (Evernia prunastri (L.)) in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. METHODS This study has evaluated the effects of aqueous extract of Oakmoss at a dose of 60 mg/kg on blood glucose levels and lipid profile in normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Histopathological examination of liver, determination of glycogen content in liver and skeletal muscles (EDL and soleus), antioxidant activity, and phytochemical investigation were also performed. RESULTS Both single and repeated oral doses of Oakmoss (60 mg/kg) produced a significant reduction of blood glucose, triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels in diabetic rats. Furthermore, repeated oral administration of Oakmoss during 7 days ameliorated the liver function by increasing its glycogen content and improving its histological architecture in treated diabetic rats. In addition, the aqueous extract of Oakmoss exhibited an antioxidant activity and showed richness in certain phytochemicals especially in phenolic acids and flavonoids. CONCLUSION Oakmoss, a lichen species, exhibits a potential effect on improving hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Amssayef
- Team of ETHNOPHAR, Faculty of Science and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000. Errachidia. Morocco
| | - Ismail Bouadid
- Team of ETHNOPHAR, Faculty of Science and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000. Errachidia. Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Team of ETHNOPHAR, Faculty of Science and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000. Errachidia. Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Carrillo-Sepulveda MA, Maddie N, Johnson CM, Burke C, Lutz O, Yakoub B, Kramer B, Persand D. Vascular hyperacetylation is associated with vascular smooth muscle dysfunction in a rat model of non-obese type 2 diabetes. Mol Med 2022; 28:30. [PMID: 35260080 PMCID: PMC8902773 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accelerates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction which contributes to the development of vasculopathy, associated with the highest degree of morbidity of T2DM. Lysine acetylation, a post-translational modification (PTM), has been associated with metabolic diseases and its complications. Whether levels of global lysine acetylation are altered in vasculature from advanced T2DM remains undetermined. We hypothesized that VSMC undergoes dysregulation in advanced T2DM which is associated with vascular hyperacetylation. Methods Aged male Goto Kakizaki (GK) rats, a non-obese murine model of T2DM, and age-matched male Wistar rats (control group) were used in this study. Thoracic aortas were isolated and examined for measurement of global levels of lysine acetylation, and vascular reactivity studies were conducted using a wire myograph. Direct arterial blood pressure was assessed by carotid catheterization. Cultured human VSMCs were used to investigate whether lysine acetylation participates in high glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), a crucial factor triggering diabetic vascular dysfunction. Results The GK rats exhibited marked glucose intolerance as well as insulin resistance. Cardiovascular complications in GK rats were confirmed by elevated arterial blood pressure and reduced VSMC-dependent vasorelaxation. These complications were correlated with high levels of vascular global lysine acetylation. Human VSMC cultures incubated under high glucose conditions displayed elevated ROS levels and increased global lysine acetylation. Inhibition of hyperacetylation by garcinol, a lysine acetyltransferase and p300/CBP association factor (PCAF) inhibitor, reduced high glucose-induced ROS production in VSMC. Conclusion This study provides evidence that vascular hyperacetylation is associated with VSMC dysfunction in advanced T2DM. Understanding lysine acetylation regulation in blood vessels from diabetics may provide insight into the mechanisms of diabetic vascular dysfunction, and opportunities for novel therapeutic approaches to treat diabetic vascular complications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00441-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alicia Carrillo-Sepulveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA.
| | - Nicole Maddie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Christina Mary Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Cameron Burke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Osina Lutz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Bamwa Yakoub
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Benjamin Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA.,Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Dhandevi Persand
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
An S, Li Y, Jia X, Yang Y, Jia X, Jia X, Xue W. Ponicidin attenuates streptozotocin‐induced diabetic nephropathy in rats via modulating hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e22988. [PMID: 35187780 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiang An
- Kidney Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an City China
- Department of Nephropathy Shijiazhuang Pingan Hospital Shijiazhuang City China
| | - Yang Li
- Kidney Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an City China
| | - Xiaojing Jia
- Department of Internal Medicine Zhaoxian Industrial Park Hospital Shijiazhuang City China
| | - Yaqin Yang
- Department of Blood Purification The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University Zhangjiakou City China
| | - Xiaojuan Jia
- Department of Internal Medicine Zhaoxian Industrial Park Hospital Shijiazhuang City China
| | - Xiaozhao Jia
- Department of Internal Medicine Zhaoxian Industrial Park Hospital Shijiazhuang City China
| | - Wujun Xue
- Kidney Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an City China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Mao X, Wan Y, Huang S, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhou S, Feng X, Gao C, Wu C. High-sugar high-fat treatment induces autophagy of retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 600:22-28. [PMID: 35182971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of high-sugar high-fat treatment in inducing autophagy of rat retinal microvascular endothelial cells. METHODS The optimal concentrations and time points of glucose and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) in inducing rat retinal microvascular endothelial cells were determined by examining the proliferate rate by CCK-8 assay. They were divided into control group (blank control), model group (treatment of 50 mM glucose and 10 μg/ml ox-LDL for 24 h), chloroquine group (treatment of 20 μM chloroquine, 50 mM glucose and 10 μg/ml ox-LDL for 24 h), resveratrol group (treatment of 50 μM resveratrol, 50 mM glucose and 10 μg/ml ox-LDL for 24 h) and MITO-Tempol group (treatment of 20 μM MITO-Tempol, 50 mM glucose and 10 μg/ml ox-LDL for 24 h). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in rat retinal microvascular endothelial cells induced with high sugar high-fat treatment was measured by flow cytometry. In addition, protein levels of cathepsin B and cathepsin D in rat retinal microvascular endothelial cells induced with high sugar high-fat treatment were examined by immunofluorescence, and protein levels of LC3 A/B and the autophagy substrate P62 were detected by Western blot. RESULTS Primary retinal microvascular endothelial cells were isolated from neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. ROS level was significantly higher in model group than that of control group (P < 0.05). Compared with that of model group, ROS level was significantly reduced in chloroquine group and MITO-Tempol group, which was significantly elevated in resveratrol group (P < 0.05). Positive expressions of cathepsin B and cathepsin D were significantly reduced in model group than those of control group (P < 0.05). They were significantly elevated in chloroquine group and MITO-Tempol group, and reduced in resveratrol group than those of model group (P < 0.05). LC3 A/B and P62 were significantly upregulated in model group than those of control group (P < 0.05). Compared with those of model group, LC3 A/B and P62 were significantly downregulated in chloroquine group and MITO-Tempol group, and upregulated in resveratrol group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION High-sugar high-fat treatment induces autophagy of rat retinal microvascular endothelial cells, which can be intervened to a certain extent by chloroquine and MITO-Tempol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinbang Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yuwen Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Sidan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yunfei Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shenghong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xia Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Kamal MF, Morshedy S, Saad DA, Moneeb MS. Validated green micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography for simultaneous determination of simvastatin and sitagliptin phosphate binary mixture in pharmaceutical formulation. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda F. Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Damanhour University Beheira Egypt
| | - Samir Morshedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Damanhour University Beheira Egypt
| | - Dina A. Saad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Damanhour University Beheira Egypt
| | - Marwa S. Moneeb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
The Effect of Exercise on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031386. [PMID: 35162403 PMCID: PMC8835550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, increases the risk for cardiometabolic morbidity. While regular exercise is effective in reducing cardiometabolic risk, women with PCOS may experience condition-specific barriers to exercise thereby limiting its efficacy. Aim: To determine the effect of exercise on cardiometabolic risk factors in women with PCOS. Methods: Five databases (Cochrane, EMBASE, Medline, Scopus and SPORTDiscus) were searched up to December of 2021. Eligible studies included: a randomised controlled design; participants with a diagnosis of PCOS; aerobic and/or resistance exercise intervention lasting ≥4 weeks; cardiometabolic outcomes. Meta-analyses were performed to determine the effect of exercise versus non-exercising control on cardiometabolic outcomes. Results: Of the 4517 studies screened, 18 studies were analysed involving 593 participants. When compared with control, exercise significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (weighted mean difference {WMD} = 4.00 mL/kg/min, 95% CI: 2.61 to 5.40, p < 0.001) and waist circumference (WMD = −1.48 cm, 95% CI: −2.35 to −0.62, p = 0.001). Systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles remained unchanged. Conclusions: Regular exercise may improve cardiorespiratory fitness and waist circumference in women with PCOS. Further large-scale studies are required to determine whether exercise interventions improve various biochemical and anthropometric parameters in women with PCOS and more severe cardiometabolic abnormalities.
Collapse
|
71
|
Jibril MM, Haji-Hamid A, Abas F, Karrupan J, Mohammed AS, Jaafar AH, Pak Dek MS, Ramli NS. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) leaf extract attenuates biochemical and histological parameters in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14058. [PMID: 34981526 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present research aimed to investigate the attenuative effects of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) leaf extract on biochemical and histological parameters in a high-fat diet combined with a low-dose streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups, including three supplemented groups: 10 mg metformin/kg BW (HFD/STZ +M), 200 mg watermelon leaf extract /kg BW (HFD/STZ + LD), and 400 mg watermelon leaf extract /kg BW (HFD/STZ + HD). The efficacy of the 6-week intervention was evaluated by measuring body weight, fasting blood sugar, serum insulin, lipid profile, superoxide dismutase, catalase, malondialdehyde, and serum liver markers. Kidneys and liver structure were defined by histopathological examination. Results revealed that intervention with watermelon leaf extract attenuated the biochemical parameters and the structural changes in kidneys and liver. In brief, the watermelon leaf extract treatment could effectively decrease complications associated with diabetes better than metformin, and that the treatment with 400 mg/kg BW is the most potent. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This was the first study to investigate the antidiabetic potential of watermelon leaf extract in obese diabetic rats. Data revealed that the watermelon leaf extract significantly attenuated the HFD/STZ-induced diabetes changes, as evidenced by the biochemical and histological data. Hence, watermelon leaf could be an excellent candidate to be developed as a functional food ingredients or nutraceuticals for holistic management of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mustapha Jibril
- Department of Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Azizah Haji-Hamid
- Department of Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jeeven Karrupan
- Food Technology Research Center, Malaysia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, MARDI Headquarter, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Ahmad Haniff Jaafar
- Department of Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sabri Pak Dek
- Department of Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Shazini Ramli
- Department of Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Malta DC, Bernal RTI, Sá ACMGND, Silva TMRD, Iser BPM, Duncan BB, Schimdt MI. Self-reported diabetes and factors associated with it in the Brazilian adult population: National Health Survey, 2019. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232022277.02572022en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aims to analyze the prevalence of self-reported diabetes and its associated factors in the Brazilian adult population. It is a cross-sectional study using the 2019 National Health Survey. Prevalence and crude prevalence ratios (PRc) and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRa) of self-reported diabetes were estimated, with confidence intervals (95% CI), using Poisson regression. In the 82,349 adults, the prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 7.7%. Positively associated factors were: advanced age with greater association after 60 years (PRa 24.87; 95%CI 15.78-39.18); living in the Northeast (PRa 1.16; 95%CI 1.04-1.29), Southeast (PRa 1.27; 95% CI 1.14-1.43), South (PRa 1.18; 95%CI 1, 05-1.34), and Midwest (PRa 1.21; 95%CI 1.06-1.38); being a former smoker (PRa 1.17; 95%CI 1.09-1.27); self-assessment of regular health (PRa 2.41; 95%CI 2.21-2.64), bad/very bad (PRa 3.45; 95%CI 3.06-3.88); having heart disease (PRa 1.81; 95%CI 1.64-2.00), hypertension (PRa 2.84; 95%CI 2.60-3.69), high cholesterol (PRa 2.22; 95%CI 2.05-2.41), overweight (PRa 1.49; 95%CI 1.36-1.64), and obesity (PRa 2.25; 95%CI 2.05-2.47). It could be concluded that diabetes in Brazilian adults is associated with sociodemographic factors, aging, lifestyle, and morbidities. These results can guide public policies for the prevention and control of disease in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Sun Y, Wang Z, Huang Z, Hu H, Han Y. The Association Between the Triglyceride-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and the Risk of Progression to Diabetes From Prediabetes: A 5-year Cohort Study in Chinese Adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:947157. [PMID: 35923622 PMCID: PMC9340202 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.947157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence regarding the relationship between the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-c) ratio and the risk of progression from prediabetes to diabetes remains limited. The purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship between the TG/HDL-C ratio and incident diabetes in prediabetic patients. METHODS This retrospective cohort study covered 32 regions and 11 cities in China and consecutively and non-selectively collected data from 15,017 patients with prediabetes who had received a health check from 2010 to 2016. Data were obtained from the DATADRYAD database (www.datadryad.org). The Cox proportional-hazards regression model with cubic spline functions and smooth curve fitting (cubic spline smoothing) was used to explore the non-linear relationship between the baseline TG/HDL-c ratio and the risk of diabetes in patients with prediabetes. In addition, we performed a series of sensitivity and subgroup analyses. RESULTS The mean age of the included individuals was 50.95 ± 13.48 years, and 9,745 (64.51%) were men. The median (interquartile range) TG/HDL-c ratio was 1.09 (0.69-1.72). During a median follow-up time of 3.05 years, 1,731 (11.46%) patients had a final diagnosis of diabetes. The analysis after adjusting for covariates showed that the TG/HDL-c ratio was positively related to incident diabetes in patients with prediabetes (HR = 1.111, 95% CI 1.061-1.164). Participants with the highest TG/HDL-c ratio (Q4) had higher diabetes incidence rates than those with the lowest TG/HDL-c ratio (Q1) (P < 0.001 for the trend). There was a non-linear relationship between the TG/HDL-c ratio and the risk of diabetes, and the inflection point of the TG/HDL-c ratio was 1.415. The effect sizes (HR) on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 1.336 (95% CI: 1.134-1.573) and 1.055 (95% CI: 0.988-1.126), respectively. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of these results. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a positive, non-linear relationship between the TG/HDL-c ratio and the risk of diabetes in Chinese patients with prediabetes. Aggressive intervention from a treatment perspective is required to lower the TG/HDL-c ratio below the inflection point (1.415) by lowering TG or increasing HDL-c levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Sun
- Department of Trauma Center/Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haofei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Haofei Hu, ; Yong Han,
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Haofei Hu, ; Yong Han,
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Hussain SA, Aziz TA, Mahwi TO, Ahmed ZA. Gingko biloba extract improves the lipid profile, inflammatory markers, leptin level and the antioxidant status of T2DM patients poorly responding to metformin: A double- blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
75
|
Dutt C, Nunes Salles JE, Joshi S, Nair T, Chowdhury S, Mithal A, Mohan V, Kasliwal R, Sharma S, Tijssen J, Tandon N. Risk Factors Analysis and Management of Cardiometabolic-Based Chronic Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:451-465. [PMID: 35210795 PMCID: PMC8858768 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s333787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of obesity or adiposity-based chronic diseases presents a significant challenge with the rising prevalence of morbidities and mortality due to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The underlying pathophysiology of metabolic inflexibility is a common thread linking insulin resistance to cardiometabolic-based chronic disease (CMBCD), including dysglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia progressing to downstream ASCVD events. The complex CMBCD paradigm in the LMIC population within the socio-economic and cultural context highlights considerable heterogeneity of disease predisposition, clinical patterns, and socio-medical needs. This review intends to summarize the current knowledge of CMBCD. We describe recently established or emerging trends for managing risk factors, assessment tools for evaluating ASCVD risk, and various pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures particularly relevant for LMICs. A CMBCD model positions insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction at the summit of the disease spectrum may improve outcomes at a lower cost in LMICs. Despite identifying multiple pathophysiologic disturbances constituting CMBCD, a large percentage of the patient at risk for ASCVD remains undefined. Targeting dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension using antihypertensive, statins, anti-glycemic, and antiplatelet agents has reduced the incidence of ASCVD. Thus, primordial prevention targeting pathophysiological changes that cause abnormalities in adiposity and primary prevention by detecting and managing risk factors remains the foundation for CMBCD management. Therefore, targeting pathways that address mitochondrial dysfunction would exert a beneficial effect on metabolic inflexibility that may potentially correct insulin resistance, β cell dysfunction and, consequently, would be therapeutically effective across the entire continuum of CMBCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Dutt
- Research and Development, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Correspondence: Chaitanya Dutt, Research & Development, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Tel +91 9825606901, Email
| | | | - Shashank Joshi
- Department of Endocrinology, Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tiny Nair
- Department of Cardiology, PRS Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ambrish Mithal
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Satyawan Sharma
- Department of Cardiology, Bombay Hospital and Medical Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jan Tijssen
- Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Legiawati L, Bramono K, Indriatmi W, Yunir E, Pratama AI. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Early Dry Skin Disorder: A Comparison Study Between Primary and Tertiary Care in Indonesia. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e060821195350. [PMID: 34365924 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210806102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia has continued to increase over the years. Management of T2DM is challenging across clinical settings, including primary and tertiary care. Uncontrolled T2DM puts patients at risk of the development of T2DM complications, especially early-stage dry skin that is neglected by most of the patients. This study aimed to investigate the comparison between the T2DM management profile and dry skin clinical profile of T2DM patients in primary care and tertiary care settings. METHODS The study was conducted as a cross-sectional epidemiological study by comparing T2DM patient profiles in primary and tertiary care. The data collected included sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data that were correlated with T2DM and early dry skin related-T2DM. This study included early dry skin within the SRRC score of 3-11 and excluded infection, ulcer, and severe erythema. RESULTS The patients in primary and tertiary care presented poorly controlled T2DM with median HbA1c levels of 7.8% and 7.6%. The patients in primary care also presented with high triglyceride, 179 mg/dl. Furthermore, several significant differences were found in the duration of T2DM, duration of dry skin, and DM treatment (OAD and insulin). CONCLUSION Significant differences in the duration of T2DM, duration of dry skin, and DM treatment (OAD and insulin) might be affected by the parameter of T2DM glycemic control (Blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), HbA1c, random blood glucose (RBG), and triglyceride).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Legiawati
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, Jl Salemba Raya No. 6, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Kusmarinah Bramono
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, Jl Salemba Raya No. 6, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Wresti Indriatmi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, Jl Salemba Raya No. 6, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Em Yunir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, Jl Salemba Raya No. 6, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Aditya Indra Pratama
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, Jl Salemba Raya No. 6, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Rahman A, Ibrahim M, Siddiqui JI, Ansari SA, Ahmad S. Metabolomic profiling and antidiabetic potential of Rumex vesicarius seed extract in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabeticrat. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e21032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
|
78
|
Ma Y, Zhou Z, Li X, Ding K, Xiao H, Wu Y, Wu T, Chen D. Linear and nonlinear analyses of the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and diabetes: The spurious U-curve in observational study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1009095. [PMID: 36465637 PMCID: PMC9714469 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1009095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperlipidemia is traditionally considered a risk factor for diabetes. The effect of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is counterintuitive to diabetes. We sought to investigate the relationship between LDL-C and diabetes for better lipid management. METHODS We tested the shape of association between LDL-C and diabetes and created polygenic risk scores of LDL-C and generated linear Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates for the effect of LDL-C and diabetes. We evaluated for nonlinearity in the observational and genetic relationship between LDL-C and diabetes. RESULTS Traditional observational analysis suggested a complex non-linear association between LDL-C and diabetes while nonlinear MR analyses found no evidence for a non-linear association. Under the assumption of linear association, we found a consistently protective effect of LDL-C against diabetes among the females without lipid-lowering drugs use. The ORs were 0.84 (95% CI, 0.72-0.97, P=0.0168) in an observational analysis which was more prominent in MR analysis and suggested increasing the overall distribution of LDL-C in females led to an overall decrease in the risk of diabetes (P=0.0258). CONCLUSIONS We verified the liner protective effect of LDL-C against diabetes among the females without lipid-lowering drug use. Non-linear associations between LDL-C against diabetes in observational analysis are not causal.
Collapse
|
79
|
Woyesa S, Mamo A, Mekonnen Z, Abebe G, Gudina EK, Milkesa T. Lipid and Lipoprotein Profile in HIV-Infected and Non-Infected Diabetic Patients: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study Design, Southwest Ethiopia. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2021; 13:1119-1126. [PMID: 34992470 PMCID: PMC8713717 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s339539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shiferaw Woyesa
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Shiferaw Woyesa Email
| | - Aklilu Mamo
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Zeleke Mekonnen
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Gemeda Abebe
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
Kim HN, Yoon S. Simultaneous point-of-care testing of blood lipid profile and glucose: Performance evaluation of the GCare Lipid Analyzer. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24055. [PMID: 34697832 PMCID: PMC8649338 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Point-of-care (POC) testing provides quick results and includes tests for blood glucose and lipid profiles. We evaluated the newly developed POC device, the GCare Lipid Analyzer, which is used to measure glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. METHODS Venous and capillary blood samples were collected from patients who visited Korea University Guro Hospital. The results obtained using the GCare Lipid Analyzer were compared with those obtained using the TBA 2000FR chemistry analyzer and YSI 2300 STAT Plus analyzer. The glucose system evaluation process was based on the International Organization for Standardization 15197:2013 guidelines. RESULTS The correlation coefficients (R) for TC, TG, and HDL-C were 0.965, 0.969, and 0.943 in capillary blood and 0.969, 0.990, and 0.956 in venous blood, respectively. The total errors for TC, TG, and HDL-C of the lipid profile using venous blood were all acceptable at 6.6%, 9.3%, and 11.6%, respectively. For glucose concentrations <100 mg/dl, 96.1% of the measured glucose levels were within ±15 mg/dl in venous samples and 100% were within ±15 mg/dl in capillary samples. For glucose concentrations ≥100 mg/dl, 100% and 99.5% of the measured glucose levels were within 15% for venous and capillary blood, respectively. CONCLUSION The performance of the GCare Lipid Analyzer is acceptable for both blood glucose and lipid profile testing, indicating that it is reliable for use in patients with diabetic dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha Nui Kim
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKorea University Guro HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Soo‐Young Yoon
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKorea University Guro HospitalSeoulKorea
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Miao G, Zhang Y, Huo Z, Zeng W, Zhu J, Umans JG, Wohlgemuth G, Pedrosa D, DeFelice B, Cole SA, Fretts AM, Lee ET, Howard BV, Fiehn O, Zhao J. Longitudinal Plasma Lipidome and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Sample of American Indians With Normal Fasting Glucose: The Strong Heart Family Study. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:2664-2672. [PMID: 34702783 PMCID: PMC8669540 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Comprehensive assessment of alterations in lipid species preceding type 2 diabetes (T2D) is largely unknown. We aimed to identify plasma molecular lipids associated with risk of T2D in American Indians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we repeatedly measured 3,907 fasting plasma samples from 1,958 participants who attended two examinations (∼5.5 years apart) and were followed up to 16 years in the Strong Heart Family Study. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to identify lipids associated with risk of T2D, adjusting for traditional risk factors. Repeated measurement analysis was performed to examine the association between change in lipidome and change in continuous measures of T2D, adjusting for baseline lipids. Multiple testing was controlled by false discovery rate at 0.05. RESULTS Higher baseline level of 33 lipid species, including triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, phosphoethanolamines, and phosphocholines, was significantly associated with increased risk of T2D (odds ratio [OR] per SD increase in log2-transformed baseline lipids 1.50-2.85) at 5-year follow-up. Of these, 21 lipids were also associated with risk of T2D at 16-year follow-up. Aberrant lipid profiles were also observed in prediabetes (OR per SD increase in log2-transformed baseline lipids 1.30-2.19 for risk lipids and 0.70-0.78 for protective lipids). Longitudinal changes in 568 lipids were significantly associated with changes in continuous measures of T2D. Multivariate analysis identified distinct lipidomic signatures differentiating high- from low-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS Lipid dysregulation occurs many years preceding T2D, and novel molecular lipids (both baseline level and longitudinal change over time) are significantly associated with risk of T2D beyond traditional risk factors. Our findings shed light on the mechanisms linking dyslipidemia to T2D and may yield novel therapeutic targets for early intervention tailored to American Indians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanhong Miao
- Department of Epidemiology, Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Ying Zhang
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Wenjie Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jianhui Zhu
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD
- Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC
| | - Gert Wohlgemuth
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Diego Pedrosa
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Brian DeFelice
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | | | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Elisa T Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Jinying Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Masaenah E, Elya B, Setiawan H, Fadhilah Z, Wediasari F, Nugroho GA, Elfahmi, Mozef T. Antidiabetic activity and acute toxicity of combined extract of Andrographis paniculata, Syzygium cumini, and Caesalpinia sappan. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08561. [PMID: 34950791 PMCID: PMC8671527 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata, Syzygium cumini, and Caesalpinia sappan are used as traditional medicines to treat diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this study aims to examine the antidiabetic effects and the acute toxicity of combined extract (1:1:1) of A. paniculata, S. cumini, and C. sappan (ASCE). The antidiabetic effect was tested using the rats model, induced by a high-fat diet and a double dose of streptozotocin injection of 35 mg/kg BW. Subsequently, diabetic rats in the experimental group were treated with 75 mg/kg BW and 150 mg/kg BW of ASCE, and those in the diabetic control group were treated with metformin 250 mg/kg BW. After seven days of treatment, fasting blood glucose (FBG), pancreatic β-cells numbers, and lipid profiles were used to analyze the antidiabetic effect. The results showed that the administration of 150 mg/kg BW ASCE significantly reduced FBG (p < 0.01), cholesterol levels (p < 0.05), LDL levels (p < 0.05), but not triglycerides, compared to diabetic control, this effect was comparable to metformin treatment. In addition, the pancreatic β-cells numbers were likely increased after ASCE treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The oral administration of a single dose of ASCE was safe up to 5000 mg/kg BW and did not result in any significant difference in body weight, relative organ weight, hematological and biochemical parameters compared with the control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that ASCE has a potential antidiabetic effect and can be safely developed as alternative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eem Masaenah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri dan Farmasi, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Berna Elya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Heri Setiawan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Zahra Fadhilah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Elfahmi
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Abed E, Jarrar Y, Alhawari H, Abdullah S, Zihlif M. The association of cytochrome 7A1 and ATP-binding cassette G8 genotypes with type 2 diabetes among Jordanian patients. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 37:149-154. [PMID: 34845882 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2021-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increased cholesterol levels were found to be associated with diabetes mellitus type II (DM2). The cholesterol is metabolized by cytochrome 7A1 (CYP7A1) and transported in the intestine by ATP-binding cassette G8 (ABCG8). Genetic variants in CYP7A1 and ABCG8 genes can affect the cholesterol levels. The aim of this study is to compare the frequency of CYP7A1 rs3808607 and ABCG8 rs11887534 and rs4148217 genotypes between healthy and DM2 subjects from Jordanian population. METHODS A total of 117 DM2 patients and 100 healthy controls, of Jordanian Arabic origin, were genotyped for CYP7A1 rs3808607 and ABCG8 rs11887534 and rs4148217 genetic variants using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. RESULTS The study showed that homozygosity of rs3808607 (A-204C) genotype in CYP7A1 was significantly higher in DM2 patients (ANOVA, p<0.05) with an odd ratio of 2.66, but rs11887534 (G55C) and rs4148217 (C1199A) genetic polymorphisms in ABCG8 were found in comparable frequencies in both healthy and DM2 subjects. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that CYP7A1 rs3808607 genetic polymorphism is associated with DM2. Further clinical studies are required to confirm this finding among DM2 patients of Jordanian origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eyada Abed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yazun Jarrar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hussam Alhawari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sarah Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Malek Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Bonilha I, Hajduch E, Luchiari B, Nadruz W, Le Goff W, Sposito AC. The Reciprocal Relationship between LDL Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120807. [PMID: 34940565 PMCID: PMC8708656 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance feature substantial modifications of the lipoprotein profile, including a higher proportion of smaller and denser low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. In addition, qualitative changes occur in the composition and structure of LDL, including changes in electrophoretic mobility, enrichment of LDL with triglycerides and ceramides, prolonged retention of modified LDL in plasma, increased uptake by macrophages, and the formation of foam cells. These modifications affect LDL functions and favor an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetic individuals. In this review, we discuss the main findings regarding the structural and functional changes in LDL particles in diabetes pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies targeting LDL in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Bonilha
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Beatriz Luchiari
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil;
| | - Wilfried Le Goff
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, le Métabolisme et la Nutrition, ICAN, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France;
| | - Andrei C. Sposito
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-19-3521-7098; Fax: +55-19-3289-410
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Jayaraman S, Roy A, Vengadassalapathy S, Sekar R, Veeraraghavan VP, Rajagopal P, Rengasamy G, Mukherjee R, Sekar D, Manjunathan R. An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121903. [PMID: 34943006 PMCID: PMC8750040 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most significant health issues across the world. People identified with diabetes are more vulnerable to various infections and are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The plant-based food we consume often contains many sterol-based bioactive compounds. It is well documented that these compounds could effectively manage the processes of insulin metabolism and cholesterol regulation. Insulin resistance followed by hyperglycemia often results in oxidative stress level enhancement and increased reactive oxygen species production. At the molecular level, these changes induce apoptosis in pancreatic cells and hence lead to insulin insufficiency. Studies have proved that plant sterols can lower inflammatory and oxidative stress damage connected with DNA repair mechanisms. The effective forms of phyto compounds are polyphenols, terpenoids, and thiols abundant in vegetables, fruits, nuts, and seeds. The available conventional drug-based therapies for the prevention and management of diabetes are time-consuming, costly, and with life-threatening side effects. Thereby, the therapeutic management of diabetes with plant sterols available in our daily diet is highly welcome as there are no side effects. This review intends to offer an overview of the present scenario of the anti-diabetic compounds from food ingredients towards the therapeutic beneficial against diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Srinivasan Vengadassalapathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Ramya Sekar
- Department of Oral Pathology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Gayathri Rengasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Raktim Mukherjee
- Shree PM Patel Institute of PG Studies and Research in Science, Sardar Patel University, Anand 388001, India
| | - Durairaj Sekar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Reji Manjunathan
- Multi-Disciplinary Research Unit, Chengalpattu Government Medical College, Chengalpattu 60300, India
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Babu SN, Govindarajan S, Noor A. Aloe vera and its two bioactive constituents in alleviation of diabetes -proteomic & mechanistic insights. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114445. [PMID: 34303804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aloe barbadensis Miller, commonly known as Aloe vera has been used since time immemorial for treatment of various diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disorders, diabetes, wound healing etc. AIM: Diabetes mellitus is a complex disorder and understanding the molecular mechanisms involved is a key to identify different markers for early diagnosis of the disease. The proteomic approach offers a plethora of opportunities to identify markers and targets involved in pathogenesis of diabetes. The present study was undertaken to understand the mechanism of action of Aloe vera and its two constituents (Carbohydrates and Polypeptides) in the alleviation of diabetes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through a proteomics approach. METHODS Different groups of rats were fed with Aloe vera extract, carbohydrate fraction and peptide/polypeptide fraction for three weeks. The diabetic rats fed with Aloe vera and its two fractions restored the glucose and insulin levels to normal. The plasma of the rats was depleted with IgG and albumin and proteomic analysis was carried out. Apolipoproteins (dyslipidemia), complement factors (inflammatory pathways), zonulin (intestinal permeability), anti-oxidant related proteins were selected in this study as these are involved in the progression of diabetes. RESULTS It was observed that Aloe vera extract is involved in the alleviation of diabetes through these pathways while the carbohydrate fraction alleviates diabetes through an anti-oxidant mechanism and glucose uptake while the polypeptide fraction alleviates diabetes through the restoration of intestinal permeability by reduced zonulin levels. CONCLUSION The constituents of Aloe vera works different pathways involved in diabetes and the synergistic effect of these constituents make Aloe vera extract a prospective candidate, which can alleviate diabetes through regulation of the pathways involved in the progression of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Spoorthy N Babu
- Centre for Bio Separation Technology (CBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore-632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Govindarajan
- Centre for Bio Separation Technology (CBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore-632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ayesha Noor
- Centre for Bio Separation Technology (CBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore-632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Association between antibiotics use and diabetes incidence in a nationally representative retrospective cohort among Koreans. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21681. [PMID: 34737360 PMCID: PMC8568925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported that antibiotics could lead to diabetes, even after adjusting for confounding variables. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between antibiotics use and diabetes in a nationally representative cohort. This retrospective cohort study included adults aged 40 years or older who were enrolled in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. Antibiotic exposure was assessed from 2002 to 2005 and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus was determined based on diagnostic codes and history of antidiabetic medication use from 2006 to 2015. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association between antibiotic use and diabetes incidence. The mean age of the 201,459 study subjects was 53.2 years. People who used antibiotics for 90 or more days had a higher risk of diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–1.26) compared to non-users. Those who used five or more classes of antibiotics had a higher risk of diabetes than those who used one antibiotic class (aHR 1.14; 95% CI 1.06–1.23). The clear dose-dependent association between antibiotics and diabetes incidence supports the judicious use of antibiotics in the future.
Collapse
|
88
|
Hasheminasabgorji E, Jha JC. Dyslipidemia, Diabetes and Atherosclerosis: Role of Inflammation and ROS-Redox-Sensitive Factors. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111602. [PMID: 34829831 PMCID: PMC8615779 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is growing at an alarming rate with increased disability, morbidity, and often premature mortality because of the various complications of this disorder. Chronic hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and other metabolic alterations lead to the development and progression of macro- and microvascular complications of diabetes including cardiovascular, retinal and kidney disease. Despite advances in glucose and lipid lowering treatments, a large number of diabetic individuals develop one or more types of these complications, ultimately leading to end-organ damage over the time. Atherosclerosis is the major macro-vascular complications of diabetes and the primary underlying cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) posing heavy burden on the health care system. In this review, we discuss the involvement of dyslipidemia in the progression of atherosclerosis by activating the pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related factors. In addition, we also provide information on various pharmacological agents that provides protection against diabetic atherosclerosis by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hasheminasabgorji
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran;
| | - Jay C. Jha
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Chakraborty R, Roy S. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors from plants: A review of their diversity, modes of action, prospects, and concerns in the management of diabetes-centric complications. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2021; 19:478-492. [PMID: 34642085 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are antihypertensive medications often used in the treatment of diabetes-related complications. Synthetic ACE inhibitors are known to cause serious side effects like hypotension, renal insufficiency, and hyperkalaemia. Therefore, there has been an intensifying search for natural ACE inhibitors. Many plants or plant-based extracts are known to possess ACE-inhibitory activity. In this review, articles focusing on the natural ACE inhibitors extracted from plants were retrieved from databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We have found more than 50 plant species with ACE-inhibitory activity. Among them, Angelica keiskei, Momordica charantia, Muntingia calabura, Prunus domestica, and Peperomia pellucida were the most potent, showing comparatively lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration values. Among the bioactive metabolites, peptides (e.g., Tyr-Glu-Pro, Met-Arg-Trp, and Gln-Phe-Tyr-Ala-Val), phenolics (e.g., cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside), flavonoids ([-]-epicatechin, astilbin, and eupatorin), terpenoids (ursolic acid and oleanolic acid) and alkaloids (berberine and harmaline) isolated from several plant and fungus species were found to possess significant ACE-inhibitory activity. These were also known to possess promising antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and anti-inflammatory activities. Considering the minimal side effects and lower toxicity of herbal compounds, development of antihypertensive drugs from these plant extracts or phytocompounds for the treatment of diabetes-associated complications is an important endeavour. This review, therefore, focuses on the ACE inhibitors extracted from different plant sources, their possible mechanisms of action, present status, and any safety concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Chakraborty
- Department of Botany, A.P.C. Roy Government College, Matigara 734010, West Bengal, India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur 734011, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Bioactive Foods and Medicinal Plants for Cardiovascular Complications of Type II Diabetes: Current Clinical Evidence and Future Perspectives. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6681540. [PMID: 34567218 PMCID: PMC8460387 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6681540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, not all patients are fully satisfied with the current available treatments. Medicinal plants have been globally investigated regarding their effect in CVD, yet the field is far from getting exhausted. The current paper aims to provide an evidence-based review on the clinically evaluated medicinal plants and their main therapeutic targets for the management of CVD in T2DM. Electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from 2000 until November 2019, and related clinical studies were included. Lipid metabolism, glycemic status, systemic inflammation, blood pressure, endothelial function, oxidative stress, and anthropometric parameters are the key points regulated by medicinal plants in T2DM. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are the two most important mechanisms since inflammation and oxidative stress are the first steps triggering a domino of molecular pathological pathways leading to T2DM and, subsequently, CVD. Polyphenols with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, essential oil-derived compounds with vasorelaxant properties, and fibers with demonstrated effects on obesity are the main categories of phytochemicals beneficial for CVD of T2DM. Some medicinal plants such as garlic (Allium sativum) and milk thistle (Silybum marianum) have strong evidences regarding their beneficial effects; however, others have low level of evidence which reveals the need for further clinical studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods to confirm the safety and efficacy of medicinal plants for the management of CVD in T2DM.
Collapse
|
91
|
Aguilar-Ramirez D, Alegre-Díaz J, Herrington WG, Staplin N, Ramirez-Reyes R, Gnatiuc L, Hill M, Romer F, Torres J, Trichia E, Wade R, Collins R, Emberson JR, Kuri-Morales P, Tapia-Conyer R. Association of Kidney Function With NMR-Quantified Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Metabolic Measures in Mexican Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:2828-2839. [PMID: 34216216 PMCID: PMC8475241 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes are associated with dyslipidemia, metabolic abnormalities, and atherosclerotic risk. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides much more detail on lipoproteins than traditional assays. METHODS In about 38 000 participants from the Mexico City Prospective Study, aged 35 to 84 years and not using lipid-lowering medication, NMR spectroscopy quantified plasma concentrations of lipoprotein particles, their lipidic compositions, and other metabolic measures. Linear regression related low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) to each NMR measure after adjustment for confounders and for multiplicity. Analyses were done separately for those with and without diabetes. RESULTS Among the 38 081 participants (mean age 52 years, 64% women), low eGFR was present for 4.8% (306/6403) of those with diabetes and 1.2% (365/31 678) of those without diabetes. Among both those with and without diabetes, low eGFR was significantly associated with higher levels of 58 NMR measures, including apolipoprotein B (Apo-B), the particle numbers of most Apo-B containing lipoproteins, the cholesterol and triglycerides carried in these lipoproteins, several fatty acids, total cholines and phosphatidylcholine, citrate, glutamine, phenylalanine, β-OH-butyrate, and the inflammatory measure glycoprotein-A, and significantly lower levels of 13 NMR measures, including medium and small high-density lipoprotein particle measures, very low-density lipoprotein particle size, the ratio of saturated:total fatty acids, valine, tyrosine, and aceto-acetate. CONCLUSIONS In this Mexican population with high levels of adiposity and diabetes, low kidney function was associated with widespread alterations in lipidic and metabolic profiles, both in those with and without diabetes. These alterations may help explain the higher atherosclerotic risk experienced by people with CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Aguilar-Ramirez
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jesus Alegre-Díaz
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - William G Herrington
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Natalie Staplin
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raúl Ramirez-Reyes
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Louisa Gnatiuc
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Hill
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frederik Romer
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason Torres
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eirini Trichia
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rachel Wade
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rory Collins
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jonathan R Emberson
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pablo Kuri-Morales
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Tapia-Conyer
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Kluck GEG, Yoo JA, Sakarya EH, Trigatti BL. Good Cholesterol Gone Bad? HDL and COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10182. [PMID: 34638523 PMCID: PMC8507803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transmissible respiratory disease COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected millions of people worldwide since its first reported outbreak in December of 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, multiple studies have shown an inverse correlation between the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and the severity of COVID-19, with low HDL levels being associated with an increased risk of severe outcomes. Some studies revealed that HDL binds to SARS-CoV-2 particles via the virus's spike protein and, under certain conditions, such as low HDL particle concentrations, it facilitates SARS-CoV-2 binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and infection of host cells. Other studies, however, reported that HDL suppressed SARS-CoV-2 infection. In both cases, the ability of HDL to enhance or suppress virus infection appears to be dependent on the expression of the HDL receptor, namely, the Scavenger Receptor Class B type 1 (SR-B1), in the target cells. SR-B1 and HDL represent crucial mediators of cholesterol metabolism. Herein, we review the complex role of HDL and SR-B1 in SARS-CoV-2-induced disease. We also review recent advances in our understanding of HDL structure, properties, and function during SARS-CoV-2 infection and the resulting COVID-19 disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bernardo L. Trigatti
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada; (G.E.G.K.); (J.-A.Y.); (E.H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Smigoc Schweiger D, Battelino T, Groselj U. Sex-Related Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910192. [PMID: 34638531 PMCID: PMC8508122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of higher and earlier morbidity and mortality in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to people without diabetes. In addition, women with T1D are at an even higher relative risk for CVD than men. However, the underlying pathophysiology is not well understood. Atherosclerotic changes are known to progress early in life among people with T1D, yet it is less clear when excess CVD risk begins in females with T1D. This review explores the prevalence of classical CVD risk factors (such as glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, albuminuria, smoking, diet, physical inactivity), as well as of novel biomarkers (such as chronic inflammation), in children and adolescents with T1D with particular regard to sex-related differences in risk profile. We also summarize gaps where further research and clearer clinical guidance are needed to better address this issue. Considering that girls with T1D might have a more adverse CVD risk profile than boys, the early identification of and sex-specific intervention in T1D would have the potential to reduce later CVD morbidity and excess mortality in females with T1D. To conclude, based on an extensive review of the existing literature, we found a clear difference between boys and girls with T1D in the presence of individual CVD risk factors as well as in overall CVD risk profiles; the girls were on the whole more impacted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darja Smigoc Schweiger
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.S.S.); (T.B.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Bohoriceva 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tadej Battelino
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.S.S.); (T.B.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Bohoriceva 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urh Groselj
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.S.S.); (T.B.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Bohoriceva 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 870 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-522-9235; Fax: +386-1-232-0190
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Hierons SJ, Marsh JS, Wu D, Blindauer CA, Stewart AJ. The Interplay between Non-Esterified Fatty Acids and Plasma Zinc and Its Influence on Thrombotic Risk in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810140. [PMID: 34576303 PMCID: PMC8471329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is a major comorbidity of obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite the development of numerous effective treatments and preventative strategies to address thrombotic disease in such individuals, the incidence of thrombotic complications remains high. This suggests that not all the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these events have been identified or targeted. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are increasingly regarded as a nexus between obesity, insulin resistance, and vascular disease. Notably, plasma NEFA levels are consistently elevated in obesity and T2DM and may impact hemostasis in several ways. A potentially unrecognized route of NEFA-mediated thrombotic activity is their ability to disturb Zn2+ speciation in the plasma. Zn2+ is a potent regulator of coagulation and its availability in the plasma is monitored carefully through buffering by human serum albumin (HSA). The binding of long-chain NEFAs such as palmitate and stearate, however, trigger a conformational change in HSA that reduces its ability to bind Zn2+, thus increasing the ion’s availability to bind and activate coagulation proteins. NEFA-mediated perturbation of HSA-Zn2+ binding is thus predicted to contribute to the prothrombotic milieu in obesity and T2DM, representing a novel targetable disease mechanism in these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Hierons
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TF, Fife, UK; (S.J.H.); (J.S.M.); (D.W.)
| | - Jordan S. Marsh
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TF, Fife, UK; (S.J.H.); (J.S.M.); (D.W.)
| | - Dongmei Wu
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TF, Fife, UK; (S.J.H.); (J.S.M.); (D.W.)
| | | | - Alan J. Stewart
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TF, Fife, UK; (S.J.H.); (J.S.M.); (D.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-1334-463546; Fax: +44-(0)-1334-463482
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Fadel MM, Abdel Ghaffar FR, Zwain SK, Ibrahim HM, badr EAE. Serum netrin and VCAM-1 as biomarker for Egyptian patients with type IΙ diabetes mellitus. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 27:101045. [PMID: 34179515 PMCID: PMC8209750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the serum level of netrin and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-I) in patients with type IΙ diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate the association of their levels with the development of a diabetic complication. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was carried out on type II diabetic patients with and without complications and healthy individuals served as controls. All subjects were submitted to the estimation of serum lipid profile, serum creatinine, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), visceral adiposity index (VAI), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and detection of serum level of netrin1 and VCAM1. RESULTS Diabetic patients with complications had significantly higher serum levels of creatinine, ACR, cholesterol, Triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, netrin1, and VCAM1 than diabetic patients without complications. Likewise, the level of VAI and LAP as markers of excessive body fat were significantly higher in diabetic patients with complications than diabetic patients without complications. The netrin1 and VCAM1 were a significant discriminator of T2DM renal complications with a sensitivity of 96%, 90%, and specificity of 82.7%, 91.3% respectively. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that serum netrin1 and VCAM1 correlated significantly with markers of excessive body fat, a renal complication in the patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maher M. Fadel
- Unit of Immunology and Physiology Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Faten R. Abdel Ghaffar
- Unit of Immunology and Physiology Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Shimaa K. Zwain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Ibrahim
- Unit of Immunology and Physiology Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Eman AE. badr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Markus MRP, Ittermann T, Schipf S, Bahls M, Nauck M, Völzke H, Santos RD, Peters A, Zeller T, Felix SB, Vasan RS, Thorand B, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Dörr M. Association of sex-specific differences in lipoprotein(a) concentrations with cardiovascular mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:168. [PMID: 34407812 PMCID: PMC8375146 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus, the relative increase in cardiovascular mortality is much higher in women than in men in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods We evaluated data from 7443 individuals (3792 women, 50.9%), aged 20 to 81 years, from two independent population-based investigations, SHIP-0 and MONICA/KORA S3. We analyzed the longitudinal sex-specific associations of lipoprotein(a) with cardiovascular mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus using Cox regression. Results During a median follow-up of 20.5 years (136,802 person-years), 657 participants (404 men and 253 women) died of cardiovascular causes. Among individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus, men had a significantly higher risk for cardiovascular mortality compared to women in unadjusted model and after adjustment. On the other hand, in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the risk for cardiovascular mortality was not different between men and women in the unadjusted model and after adjustment for age, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, fasting status and study sample (SHIP-0, MONICA/KORA S3). Further adjustment for lipoprotein(a) concentrations had no impact on the hazard ratio (HR) for cardiovascular mortality comparing men versus women in individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus [HR: 1.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63 to 2.32; p < 0.001]. In individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, however, further adjustment for lipoprotein(a) led to an increased risk for cardiovascular mortality in men and a decreased risk in women resulting in a statistically significant difference between men and women (HR: 1.53; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.24; p = 0.029). Conclusions Women are described to have a stronger relative increase in cardiovascular mortality than men when comparing individuals with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Higher lipoprotein(a) concentrations in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus than in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus might partially explain this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Ricardo Paulista Markus
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. .,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. .,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Till Ittermann
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sabine Schipf
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Bahls
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Raul Dias Santos
- Lipid Clinic, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (German Research Center for Environmental Health), Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site München-Neuherberg, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Burkhard Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, USA.,Preventive Medicine and Cardiology Sections, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (German Research Center for Environmental Health), Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site München-Neuherberg, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Pitso L, Mofokeng TRP, Nel R. Dyslipidaemia pattern and prevalence among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on lipid-lowering therapy at a tertiary hospital in central South Africa. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:159. [PMID: 34365977 PMCID: PMC8349492 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of death worldwide. A large number of deaths due to ASCVD occurs among people with diabetes mellitus (DM). One of the important modifiable risk factors associated with ASCVD is dyslipidaemia and its prevalence is not known in central South Africa (SA). This study aimed to determine the pattern and prevalence of dyslipidaemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients on lipid-lowering therapy. METHODS This descriptive, retrospective study of patients' records was conducted at Universitas Academic Hospital in Bloemfontein, SA. The study population included 143 consecutive T2DM patients of any age that attended the Diabetes Clinic from 1 January to 31 March 2019. The patients had to be on lipid-lowering therapy for a minimum duration of 3 months. Data were sourced from the clinic files and included the patient's lipid profile, anthropometric and demographic data. Dyslipidaemia was defined using the 2018 SA dyslipidaemia guidelines. RESULTS The median age of the participants was 63 years (interquartile range [IQR] 52-71 years). The majority of the participants were female (n = 92; 64.3 %). The median duration since the DM diagnosis was 18 years (IQR 13-23 years). The prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 86.7 % (n = 124). Combined dyslipidaemia, namely either triglycerides (TG) + low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) + TG or HDL + LDL, was the most common pattern (n = 51; 42.5 %) largely due to raised TG + LDL contributing 37.2 % (n = 19) to this pattern. The second and third most common patterns were isolated (either LDL, HDL or TG) and mixed dyslipidaemia (TG + HDL + LDL) at 40.8 % (n = 49) and 16.7 % (n = 20), respectively. The most frequent lipid abnormality (n = 84; 70.0 %) was LDL of ≥ 1.8 mmol/L. Of the 140 participants on statin therapy, only 5 % were on high-intensity therapy. CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of dyslipidaemia among DM patients was observed, despite the use of lipid-lowering therapy in this small observational study. Our findings highlight the need to better educate healthcare providers regarding the intensification of lipid-lowering therapy, along with improved strategies to address poor glycaemic control and other modifiable lifestyle factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lebohang Pitso
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Universitas Academic Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Drive, 9300, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - Thabiso Rafaki Petrus Mofokeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Universitas Academic Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Riette Nel
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
C Thambiah S, Lai LC. Diabetic dyslipidaemia. Pract Lab Med 2021; 26:e00248. [PMID: 34368411 PMCID: PMC8326412 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2021.e00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an escalating pandemic and an established cardiovascular risk factor. An important aspect of the interaction between DM and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is diabetic dyslipidaemia, an atherogenic dyslipidaemia encompassing quantitative [hypertriglyceridaemia (hyperTG) and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)] and qualitative [increased small dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL) particles, large very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) subfraction (VLDL1) and dysfunctional HDL] modifications in lipoproteins. Much of the pathophysiology linking DM and dyslipidaemia has been elucidated. This paper aims to review the pathophysiology and management of diabetic dyslipidaemia with respect to ASCVD. Briefly, the influence of diabetic kidney disease on lipid profile and lipid changes causing type 2 diabetes mellitus are highlighted. Biomarkers of diabetic dyslipidaemia, including novel markers and clinical trials that have demonstrated that non-lipid and lipid lowering therapies can lower cardiovascular risk in diabetics are discussed. The stands of various international guidelines on lipid management in DM are emphasised. It is important to understand the underlying mechanisms of diabetic dyslipidaemia in order to develop new therapeutic strategies against dyslipidaemia and diabetes. The various international guidelines on lipid management can be used to tailor a holistic approach specific to each patient with diabetic dyslipidaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subashini C Thambiah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
Ibrahim M, Parveen B, Zahiruddin S, Gautam G, Parveen R, Khan MA, Gupta A, Ahmad S. Analysis of polyphenols in Aegle marmelos leaf and ameliorative efficacy against diabetic mice through restoration of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13852. [PMID: 34250628 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The biomedical survey reports edible plant Aegle marmelos has been utilized for centuries by tribal communities in India as a dietary supplement for the management of diabetes. Herein, we have investigated cytotoxicity, cytoprotective and antidiabetic activity of characterized alkaloid-free hydroalcoholic extract of A. marmelos (AFEAM; 200 and 400 mg/kg). Identification of polyphenols and quantification of major compounds were done using UPLC-MS and HPTLC, respectively. AFEAM showed good cytocompatibility and cytoprotective potential against oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia in HepG2 cells. The AFEAM intake had significantly ameliorated the serum blood glucose level, state of dyslipidemia, level of pro-inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β), and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde) status in diabetic mice. Histological examination of the treated groups showed amelioration of damaged pancreas, liver, and kidney tissues. Conclusively, AFEAM intake might be promising dietary supplements for prediabetics as well as an adjuvant to modern treatment in diabetics. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Different reports have been published on Aegle marmelos but as per our understanding till date, no study has been reported on the amelioration of diabetes due to alkaloid free hydroalcoholic extract of A. marmelos /polyphenolic content in the animal model. The result of this study indicated that A. marmelos supplementation effectively ameliorates diabetes through the restoration of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status. This study has collated sufficient scientific evidence for the dietary application of A. marmelos in society especially for prediabetics, however, it can also be used as an adjuvant to modern treatments in diabetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ibrahim
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,Department of Pharmacology, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,Department of Pharmacology, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Gautam
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Arun Gupta
- Department of Medical Affairs and Clinical Research, Dabur India Limited, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Hypertriglyceridemia and Other Plasma Lipid Profile Abnormalities among People Living with Diabetes Mellitus in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:7389076. [PMID: 34056001 PMCID: PMC8131138 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7389076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Though it is a major public health problem in Ethiopia, there is no a nation-wide study to determine dyslipidemia among DM patients yet. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis intended to estimate the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and other plasma lipid abnormalities among people living with DM in Ethiopia. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, Hinari, and direct Google. Studies conducted until May 9, 2020, that reports the prevalence of dyslipidemia among people living with DM were included. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of lipid profile abnormalities. Heterogeneity was checked using the I 2 statistic, whereas publication bias was tested by funnel plot and Egger's test. Besides, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results We used 18 primary studies, including 4961 participants living with DM, which met the eligibility criteria for the meta-analysis of hypertriglyceridemia. The estimate of hypertriglyceridemia (≥150 mg/dl) was 48.15% (95% CI: 38.15-58.15, I 2 = 98.4%) after performing the main meta-analysis using the random-effects model. The subgroup analysis showed a higher pooled estimate of hypertriglyceridemia among T2DM (57.80% (95% CI: 50.50-65.10), I 2 = 92.5%), studies that used probability sampling technique (59.09% (95% CI: 43.58-74.59), I 2 = 98.6%, p < 0.001), and studies from primary data sources (51.43% (95% CI: 40.72-62.13), I 2 = 98.0%, p < 0.001). Moreover, the estimated pooled prevalence of the total plasma cholesterol (TC ≥ 200 mg/dl) was 34.08% (95% CI: 28.41-39.75, I 2 = 92.4%), LDL - C ≥ 100 mg/dl was 41.13% (95% CI: 27.15-55.11, I2 = 98.8%), and HDL ≤ 40 mg/dl for men and ≤ 50 mg/dl for women was 44.36% (95% CI: 31.82-56.90, I 2 = 98.8%). Conclusions The pooled prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and other lipid abnormalities among DM patients was relatively high in Ethiopia. It strongly suggests the need to give maximal attention to the adherence of DM management to reduce the circulatory lipid profile abnormalities and subsequent complications. Prospero Registration. CRD42020182291.
Collapse
|