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Kim DH, Bang E, Arulkumar R, Ha S, Chung KW, Park MH, Choi YJ, Yu BP, Chung HY. Senoinflammation: A major mediator underlying age-related metabolic dysregulation. Exp Gerontol 2020; 134:110891. [PMID: 32114077 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a complex and unresolved inflammatory response with low-grade multivariable patterns that aggravate systemic pathophysiological conditions and the aging process. To redefine and delineate these age-related complex inflammatory phenomena at the molecular, cellular, and systemic levels, the concept of "Senoinflammation" was recently formulated. In this review, we describe the accumulated data on both the multiphase systemic inflammatory process and the cellular proinflammatory signaling pathway. We also describe the proinflammatory mechanisms underlying the metabolic molecular pathways in aging. Additionally, we review age-related lipid accumulation, the role of the inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), the involvement of cytokine/chemokine secretion, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, insulin resistance, and autophagy. The last section of the review highlights the modulation of the senoinflammatory process by the anti-aging and anti-inflammatory action of calorie restriction (CR). Evidence from aging and CR research strongly suggests that SASP from senescent cells may be the major source of secreted cytokines and chemokines during aging. A better understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the senoinflammatory response and the mitigating role of CR will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of chronic inflammation and aging for potential interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gi, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - EunJin Bang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gi, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Radha Arulkumar
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gi, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugyeong Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gi, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wung Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gi, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Nam-gu, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hi Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gi, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ja Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Pal Yu
- Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gi, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Pinto C, Ninfole E, Benedetti A, Maroni L, Marzioni M. Aging-Related Molecular Pathways in Chronic Cholestatic Conditions. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 6:332. [PMID: 32039217 PMCID: PMC6985088 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is commonly defined as the time-dependent functional decline of organs and tissues. Average life expectancy has increased considerably over the past century and is estimated to increase even further, consequently also the interest in understanding the aging processes. Although aging is not a disease, it is the major risk factor for the development of many chronic diseases. Pathologies, such as Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) are cholestatic liver diseases characterized by chronic inflammation, biliary damage and ultimately liver fibrosis, targeting specifically cholangiocytes. To date, the influence of aging in these biliary diseases is not fully understood. Currently, liver transplantation is the only solution because of lacking in efficiently therapies. Although liver cells have a high regenerative capacity, they undergo extensive molecular changes in response to aging. Following time-dependent damage induced by aging, the cells initially activate protective compensatory processes that, if hyperstimulated, can lead to the decline of regenerative ability and the development of pathologies. Recent studies have introduced novel therapeutic tools for cholangiopathies that have showed to have promising potential as novel therapies for PSC and PBC and for the development of new drugs. The recent advancements in understanding of molecular aging have undoubtedly the potential to unveil new pathways for selective drug treatments, but further studies are needed to deepen their knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Pinto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ninfole
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Benedetti
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Maroni
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Marzioni
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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53
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Song Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Wang L, Zhang W, Cheng J, Zhu Y, Zhang H, Zhang Q, Niu H, zheng Y, Liang M, Deng M, Shi H, Wang H, Zhang F, Zhu Z. The whole transcriptome regulation as a function of mitochondrial polymorphisms and aging in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2453-2470. [PMID: 32019902 PMCID: PMC7041728 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, mitochondrial-nuclear interaction in aging has been widely studied. However, the nuclear genome controlled by natural mitochondrial variations that influence aging has not been comprehensively understood so far. We hypothesized that mitochondrial polymorphisms could play critical roles in the aging process, probably by regulation of the whole-transcriptome expression. Our results showed that mitochondria polymorphisms not only decreased the mitochondrial mass but also miRNA, lncRNA, mRNA, circRNA and metabolite profiles. Furthermore, most genes that are associated with mitochondria show age-related expression features (P = 3.58E-35). We also constructed a differentially expressed circRNA-lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and a ceRNA network affected by the mitochondrial variations. In addition, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses showed that the genes affected by the mitochondrial variation were enriched in metabolic activity. We finally constructed a multi-level regulatory network with aging which affected by the mitochondrial variation in Caenorhabditis elegans. The interactions between these genes and metabolites have great values for further aging research. In sum, our findings provide new evidence for understanding the molecular mechanisms of how mitochondria influence aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjian Song
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuechen Wang
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - WenDa Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haichen Niu
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yingwei zheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Liang
- Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengqiong Deng
- Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Research Facility Center for Morphology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zuobin Zhu
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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54
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Zhang W, Qu J, Liu GH, Belmonte JCI. The ageing epigenome and its rejuvenation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:137-150. [PMID: 32020082 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by the functional decline of tissues and organs and the increased risk of ageing-associated disorders. Several 'rejuvenating' interventions have been proposed to delay ageing and the onset of age-associated decline and disease to extend healthspan and lifespan. These interventions include metabolic manipulation, partial reprogramming, heterochronic parabiosis, pharmaceutical administration and senescent cell ablation. As the ageing process is associated with altered epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation, such as DNA methylation, histone modification and chromatin remodelling, and non-coding RNAs, the manipulation of these mechanisms is central to the effectiveness of age-delaying interventions. This Review discusses the epigenetic changes that occur during ageing and the rapidly increasing knowledge of how these epigenetic mechanisms have an effect on healthspan and lifespan extension, and outlines questions to guide future research on interventions to rejuvenate the epigenome and delay ageing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Zhang
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genomics and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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55
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Mitochondrial fission and fusion: A dynamic role in aging and potential target for age-related disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 186:111212. [PMID: 32017944 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondria is the major hub to convert energy for cellular processes. Dysregulation of mitochondrial function is one of the classical hallmarks of aging, and mitochondrial interventions have repeatedly been shown to improve outcomes in age-related diseases. Crucial to mitochondrial regulation is the dynamic nature of their network structure. Mitochondria separate and merge using fission and fusion processes in response to changes in energy and stress status. While many mitochondrial processes are already characterized in relation to aging, specific evidence in multicellular organisms causally linking mitochondrial dynamics to the regulation of lifespan is limited. There does exist, however, a large body of evidence connecting mitochondrial dynamics to other aging-related cellular processes and implicates them in a number of human diseases. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of mitochondrial fission and fusion, the current evidence of their role in aging of multicellular organisms, and how these connect to cell cycle regulation, quality control, and transmission of energy status. Finally, we discuss the current evidence implicating these processes in age-related human pathologies, such as neurodegenerative or cardio-metabolic diseases. We suggest that deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms within this system and downstream implications could benefit in understanding and intervention of these conditions.
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56
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Deng J, Lu Y, Xie Z, Liu J, Yuan Y, Wang Z. RNA-seq profiling, and impaired autophagic process in skeletal muscle of MELAS. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 523:91-97. [PMID: 31836143 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial myopathy, Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a common subtype of mitochondrial disease with high disability and mortality rate. The molecular mechanisms of MELAS are largely unknown and whether autophagy is activated in this disease remains controversial. In this work, we reported whole transcriptome profiling of skeletal muscle of MELAS patients and age-matched controls. Analyses revealed that MELAS patients had 224 differentially expressed genes (174 down-regulated, 50 up-regulated) compared to age-matched controls. Most of these genes relevant to MELAS are involved in signal transduction, metabolic process and immune system process. However, the RNA-seq data indicated that autophagy was not altered in MELAS. Functional assays showed that increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased ATP production and decreased lysosome content in fibroblasts derived from MELAS patients, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction and degradation deficiency in MELAS. Furthermore, Western-blot analyses using skeletal muscle and fibroblasts derived from MELAS patients showed that autophagy was impaired in MEALS since two important autophagic genes: Beclin-1 and LC3-II, were significantly down-regulated. In conclusion, our study identified molecules and pathways involved in the mechanisms of MELAS, and the impairment of autophagy in this disease, which may serve as the potential therapeutic target for MELAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiying Xie
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
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57
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Gupta V, Crudu A, Matsuoka Y, Ghosh S, Rozot R, Marat X, Jäger S, Kitano H, Breton L. Multi-dimensional computational pipeline for large-scale deep screening of compound effect assessment: an in silico case study on ageing-related compounds. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2019; 5:42. [PMID: 31798962 PMCID: PMC6879499 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-019-0119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Designing alternative approaches to efficiently screen chemicals on the efficacy landscape is a challenging yet indispensable task in the current compound profiling methods. Particularly, increasing regulatory restrictions underscore the need to develop advanced computational pipelines for efficacy assessment of chemical compounds as alternative means to reduce and/or replace in vivo experiments. Here, we present an innovative computational pipeline for large-scale assessment of chemical compounds by analysing and clustering chemical compounds on the basis of multiple dimensions-structural similarity, binding profiles and their network effects across pathways and molecular interaction maps-to generate testable hypotheses on the pharmacological landscapes as well as identify potential mechanisms of efficacy on phenomenological processes. Further, we elucidate the application of the pipeline on a screen of anti-ageing-related compounds to cluster the candidates based on their structure, docking profile and network effects on fundamental metabolic/molecular pathways associated with the cell vitality, highlighting emergent insights on compounds activities based on the multi-dimensional deep screen pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alina Crudu
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | | | | | - Roger Rozot
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Xavier Marat
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Sibylle Jäger
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Hiroaki Kitano
- The Systems Biology Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Lionel Breton
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
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58
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Majidinia M, Karimian A, Alemi F, Yousefi B, Safa A. Targeting miRNAs by polyphenols: Novel therapeutic strategy for aging. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 173:113688. [PMID: 31682793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regarding the importance of genetic and epigenetic factors in regulation of aging process, different expression pattern of non-coding RNAs in aging could be investigated. Accordingly, micro RNAs (miRNAs) with a wide range of physiological functions as well as a significant footprint in many diseases have been demonstrated to be down or upregulated during the aging process. Therefore, age-associated microRNAs and their targets have potentially detected the accelerated aging and predicted the risks for age-related diseases. Polyphenols as important antioxidants in human dietary observed in fruits and some beverages have beneficial effects on longevity and aging. Considering miRNAs as an interesting mediator in modulating polyphenols' biological effects, targeting miRNAs which is using polyphenols could be a novel strategy for aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ansar Karimian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Student Research Committee, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amin Safa
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam.
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59
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Denk MK, Milutinović NS, Dereviankin MY. Reduction of halocarbons to hydrocarbons by NADH models and NADH. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:890-895. [PMID: 31340416 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of halocarbons by NADH models and NADH under ambient conditions is reported as a new type of reactivity pointing towards a hitherto unknown disruptive pathway for NADH/NADPH-dependent processes. The reaction was studied with the omnipresent pesticide DDT, the inhalation anesthetic halothane, and several simple halocarbons. The halide-hydride exchange represents a biochemical equivalent for the reduction of halocarbons by traditional synthetic reagents like silanes (R3Si-H) and stannanes (R3Sn-H). High precision thermochemical calculations (CBS-QB3) reveal the carbon-hydrogen bond dissociation energy of NADH (70.8 kcal·mol-1) to be lower than that of stannane (SnH4: 78.1 kcal·mol-1), approaching that of the elusive plumbane (PbH4: 68.9 kcal·mol-1). The ready synthetic accessibility of NADH models, their low carbon-hydrogen bond dissociation energy, and their dehalogenation activity in the presence of air and moisture recommend these compounds as substitutes for the air-sensitive or toxic metal hydrides currently employed in synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Denk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Nicholas S Milutinović
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Mikhail Y Dereviankin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
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60
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Hopp AK, Grüter P, Hottiger MO. Regulation of Glucose Metabolism by NAD + and ADP-Ribosylation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080890. [PMID: 31412683 PMCID: PMC6721828 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells constantly adapt their metabolic pathways to meet their energy needs and respond to nutrient availability. During the last two decades, it has become increasingly clear that NAD+, a coenzyme in redox reactions, also mediates several ubiquitous cell signaling processes. Protein ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational modification that uses NAD+ as a substrate and is best known as part of the genotoxic stress response. However, there is increasing evidence that NAD+-dependent ADP-ribosylation regulates other cellular processes, including metabolic pathways. In this review, we will describe the compartmentalized regulation of NAD+ biosynthesis, consumption, and regeneration with a particular focus on the role of ADP-ribosylation in the regulation of glucose metabolism in different cellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Hopp
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Molecular Life Science Ph.D. Program, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Grüter
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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61
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McIntyre RL, Daniels EG, Molenaars M, Houtkooper RH, Janssens GE. From molecular promise to preclinical results: HDAC inhibitors in the race for healthy aging drugs. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e9854. [PMID: 31368626 PMCID: PMC6728603 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversing or slowing the aging process brings great promise to treat or prevent age‐related disease, and targeting the hallmarks of aging is a strategy to achieve this. Epigenetics affects several if not all of the hallmarks of aging and has therefore emerged as a central target for intervention. One component of epigenetic regulation involves histone deacetylases (HDAC), which include the “classical” histone deacetylases (of class I, II, and IV) and sirtuin deacetylases (of class III). While targeting sirtuins for healthy aging has been extensively reviewed elsewhere, this review focuses on pharmacologically inhibiting the classical HDACs to promote health and longevity. We describe the theories of how classical HDAC inhibitors may operate to increase lifespan, supported by studies in model organisms. Furthermore, we explore potential mechanisms of how HDAC inhibitors may have such a strong grasp on health and longevity, summarizing their links to other hallmarks of aging. Finally, we show the wide range of age‐related preclinical disease models, ranging from neurodegeneration to heart disease, diabetes to sarcopenia, which show improvement upon HDAC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eileen G Daniels
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marte Molenaars
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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62
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Wang L, Davis SS, Borch Jensen M, Rodriguez‐Fernandez IA, Apaydin C, Juhasz G, Gibson BW, Schilling B, Ramanathan A, Ghaemmaghami S, Jasper H. JNK modifies neuronal metabolism to promote proteostasis and longevity. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12849. [PMID: 30810280 PMCID: PMC6516429 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive loss of tissue and metabolic homeostasis. This loss can be delayed by single-gene perturbations, increasing lifespan. How such perturbations affect metabolic and proteostatic networks to extend lifespan remains unclear. Here, we address this question by comprehensively characterizing age-related changes in protein turnover rates in the Drosophila brain, as well as changes in the neuronal metabolome, transcriptome, and carbon flux in long-lived animals with elevated Jun-N-terminal Kinase signaling. We find that these animals exhibit a delayed age-related decline in protein turnover rates, as well as decreased steady-state neuronal glucose-6-phosphate levels and elevated carbon flux into the pentose phosphate pathway due to the induction of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Over-expressing G6PD in neurons is sufficient to phenocopy these metabolic and proteostatic changes, as well as extend lifespan. Our study identifies a link between metabolic changes and improved proteostasis in neurons that contributes to the lifespan extension in long-lived mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Wang
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCalifornia
- Genentech Inc.South San FranciscoCalifornia
| | | | | | | | - Cagsar Apaydin
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCalifornia
| | - Gabor Juhasz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental BiologyEotvos Lorand UniversityBudapestHungary
- Institute of GeneticsBiological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesSzegedHungary
| | | | | | | | | | - Heinrich Jasper
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCalifornia
- Genentech Inc.South San FranciscoCalifornia
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63
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Spanier B, Lang R, Weber D, Lechner A, Thoma T, Rothner M, Petzold K, Lang T, Beusch A, Bösl M, Schlagbauer V, Daniel H, Hofmann T. Bioavailability and Biological Effects of 2- O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-carboxyatractyligenin from Green Coffee in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4774-4781. [PMID: 30963762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Targeted analysis of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora green coffees (total sample size n = 57) confirmed 2- O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-carboxyatractyligenin (6) as the quantitatively dominating carboxyatractyligenin derivative. Its abundance in Arabicas (2425 ± 549 nmol/g, n = 48) exceeded that in Robustas (34 ± 12 nmol/g, n = 9) roughly by a factor of 70. Coffee processing involving heat (e.g., steam treatment and decaffeination) reduced concentrations of 6 and increased those of the decarboxylated derivative. The bioavailability of compound 6 in Caenorhabditis elegans was demonstrated by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of extracts prepared from nematode cultures incubated in a liquid medium containing 6. A toxicity assay performed to assess the impact of 6 in vivo showed a 20-fold higher median lethal dose (LD50 = 11.7 ± 1.2 mM) concentration compared to that of the known phytotoxic adenine-nucleotide transporters inhibitor carboxyatractyloside (2, LD50 = 0.61 ± 0.05 mM), whereas 1 mM 6 and 0.1 mM 2 were sufficient to decrease the survival of wild type C. elegans, already 10-20-fold lower doses reduced reproduction. Because the insulin/insulin-like growth factors signaling cascade (IIS) is a key regulator of life span and stress resistance, the impact of compound 6 on the survival of long-living daf-2 C. elegans was tested. As the susceptibility of these nematodes to 6 was as high as that in wild type, an impact on central metabolic processes independent of IIS was suggested. Analysis of the in vivo adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content of adult C. elegans revealed no changes after 1 and 24 h, but a 50% reduction after treatment with 1 mM 6 during the entire postembryonic development. These data speak for a developmental-stage-dependent modulation of the ATP pool by 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Spanier
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Molecular Nutrition Unit , Technische Universität München , Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Roman Lang
- Chair for Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science , Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Molecular Nutrition Unit , Technische Universität München , Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Anica Lechner
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Molecular Nutrition Unit , Technische Universität München , Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Tizia Thoma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Molecular Nutrition Unit , Technische Universität München , Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Marion Rothner
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Molecular Nutrition Unit , Technische Universität München , Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Katrin Petzold
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Molecular Nutrition Unit , Technische Universität München , Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Tatjana Lang
- Chair for Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science , Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Anja Beusch
- Chair for Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science , Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Markus Bösl
- Chair for Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science , Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Verena Schlagbauer
- Chair for Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science , Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Molecular Nutrition Unit , Technische Universität München , Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Thomas Hofmann
- Chair for Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science , Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner-Straße 34 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
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64
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Glycine promotes longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans in a methionine cycle-dependent fashion. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1007633. [PMID: 30845140 PMCID: PMC6424468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The deregulation of metabolism is a hallmark of aging. As such, changes in the expression of metabolic genes and the profiles of amino acid levels are features associated with aging animals. We previously reported that the levels of most amino acids decline with age in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Glycine, in contrast, substantially accumulates in aging C. elegans. In this study we show that this is coupled to a decrease in gene expression of enzymes important for glycine catabolism. We further show that supplementation of glycine significantly prolongs C. elegans lifespan, and early adulthood is important for its salutary effects. Moreover, supplementation of glycine ameliorates specific transcriptional changes that are associated with aging. Glycine feeds into the methionine cycle. We find that mutations in components of this cycle, methionine synthase (metr-1) and S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (sams-1), completely abrogate glycine-induced lifespan extension. Strikingly, the beneficial effects of glycine supplementation are conserved when we supplement with serine, which also feeds into the methionine cycle. RNA-sequencing reveals a similar transcriptional landscape in serine- and glycine-supplemented worms both demarked by widespread gene repression. Taken together, these data uncover a novel role of glycine in the deceleration of aging through its function in the methionine cycle.
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65
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Yoon YS, Jin M, Sin DD. Accelerated lung aging and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:369-380. [PMID: 30735057 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1580576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increases exponentially with aging. Its pathogenesis, however, is not well known and aside from smoking cessation, there are no disease-modifying treatments for this disease. Areas covered: COPD is associated with accelerating aging and aging-related diseases. In this review, we will discuss the hallmarks of aging including genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alteration, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulated nutrient sensing, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication, which may be involved in COPD pathogenesis. Expert commentary: COPD and the aging process share similar molecular and cellular changes. Aging-related molecular pathways may represent novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Soon Yoon
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,b Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital , Goyang , South Korea
| | - Minhee Jin
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,c Division of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Medicine) , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
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66
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De Rango F, Crocco P, Iannone F, Saiardi A, Passarino G, Dato S, Rose G. Inositol Polyphosphate Multikinase ( IPMK), a Gene Coding for a Potential Moonlighting Protein, Contributes to Human Female Longevity. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020125. [PMID: 30744060 PMCID: PMC6410091 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogerontological research highlighted a complex and dynamic connection between aging, health and longevity, partially determined by genetic factors. Multifunctional proteins with moonlighting features, by integrating different cellular activities in the space and time, may explain part of this complexity. Inositol Polyphosphate Multikinase (IPMK) is a potential moonlighting protein performing multiple unrelated functions. Initially identified as a key enzyme for inositol phosphates synthesis, small messengers regulating many aspects of cell physiology, IPMK is now implicated in a number of metabolic pathways affecting the aging process. IPMK regulates basic transcription, telomere homeostasis, nutrient-sensing, metabolism and oxidative stress. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the genetic variability of IPMK may affect human longevity. Single-SNP (single nuclear polymorphism), haplotype-based association tests as well as survival analysis pointed to the relevance of six out of fourteen genotyped SNPs for female longevity. In particular, haplotype analysis refined the association highlighting two SNPs, rs2790234 and rs6481383, as major contributing variants for longevity in women. Our work, the first to investigate the association between variants of IPMK and longevity, supports IPMK as a novel gender-specific genetic determinant of human longevity, playing a role in the complex network of genetic factors involved in human survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Rango
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Paolina Crocco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Francesca Iannone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Serena Dato
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
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67
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D'Amico D, Mottis A, Potenza F, Sorrentino V, Li H, Romani M, Lemos V, Schoonjans K, Zamboni N, Knott G, Schneider BL, Auwerx J. The RNA-Binding Protein PUM2 Impairs Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitophagy During Aging. Mol Cell 2019; 73:775-787.e10. [PMID: 30642763 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Little information is available about how post-transcriptional mechanisms regulate the aging process. Here, we show that the RNA-binding protein Pumilio2 (PUM2), which is a translation repressor, is induced upon aging and acts as a negative regulator of lifespan and mitochondrial homeostasis. Multi-omics and cross-species analyses of PUM2 function show that it inhibits the translation of the mRNA encoding for the mitochondrial fission factor (Mff), thereby impairing mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. This mechanism is conserved in C. elegans by the PUM2 ortholog PUF-8. puf-8 knock-down in old nematodes and Pum2 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout in the muscles of elderly mice enhances mitochondrial fission and mitophagy in both models, hence improving mitochondrial quality control and tissue homeostasis. Our data reveal how a PUM2-mediated layer of post-transcriptional regulation links altered Mff translation to mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, thereby mediating age-related mitochondrial dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide D'Amico
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adrienne Mottis
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Potenza
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hao Li
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mario Romani
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vera Lemos
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ), CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Graham Knott
- BioEM Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard L Schneider
- Brain Mind Insitute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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68
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Plausible Links Between Metabolic Networks, Stem Cells, and Longevity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1201:355-388. [PMID: 31898793 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31206-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable consequence of life, and all multicellular organisms undergo a decline in tissue and organ functions as they age. Several well-known risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes, and lack of physical activity that lead to the cardiovascular system, decline and impede the function of vital organs, ultimately limit overall life span. Over recent years, aging research has experienced an unparalleled growth, particularly with the discovery and recognition of genetic pathways and biochemical processes that control to some extent the rate of aging.In this chapter, we focus on several aspects of stem cell biology and aging, beginning with major cellular hallmarks of aging, endocrine regulation of aging and its impact on stem cell compartment, and mechanisms of increased longevity. We then discuss the role of epigenetic modifications associated with aging and provide an overview on a most recent search of antiaging modalities.
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69
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Gao AW, Smith RL, van Weeghel M, Kamble R, Janssens GE, Houtkooper RH. Identification of key pathways and metabolic fingerprints of longevity in C. elegans. Exp Gerontol 2018; 113:128-140. [PMID: 30300667 PMCID: PMC6224709 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Impaired insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) and caloric restriction (CR) prolong lifespan in the nematode C. elegans. However, a cross comparison of these longevity pathways using a multi-omics integration approach is lacking. In this study, we aimed to identify key pathways and metabolite fingerprints of longevity that are shared between IIS and CR worm models using multi-omics integration. We generated transcriptomics and metabolomics data from long-lived worm strains, i.e. daf-2 (impaired IIS) and eat-2 (CR model) and compared them with the wild-type strain N2. Transcriptional profiling identified shared longevity signatures, such as an upregulation of lipid storage and defense responses, and downregulation of macromolecule synthesis and developmental processes. Metabolomics profiling identified an increase in the levels of glycerol‑3P, adenine, xanthine, and AMP, and a decrease in the levels of the amino acid pool, as well as the C18:0, C17:1, C19:1, C20:0 and C22:0 fatty acids. After we integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics data based on the annotations in KEGG, our results highlighted increased amino acid metabolism and an upregulation of purine metabolism as a commonality between the two long-lived mutants. Overall, our findings point towards the existence of shared metabolic pathways that are likely important for lifespan extension and provide novel insights into potential regulators and metabolic fingerprints for longevity. Multi-omics integration identified common longevity signatures. Amino acid metabolism was increased in both daf-2 and eat-2 mutants. Purine biosynthesis pathway was enhanced in the long-lived mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwen W Gao
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reuben L Smith
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rashmi Kamble
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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FUS interacts with ATP synthase beta subunit and induces mitochondrial unfolded protein response in cellular and animal models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E9678-E9686. [PMID: 30249657 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806655115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
FUS (fused in sarcoma) proteinopathy is a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the formation of inclusion bodies containing the FUS protein, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Previous studies show that mitochondrial damage is an important aspect of FUS proteinopathy. However, the molecular mechanisms by which FUS induces mitochondrial damage remain to be elucidated. Our biochemical and genetic experiments demonstrate that FUS interacts with the catalytic subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase (ATP5B), disrupts the formation of ATP synthase complexes, and inhibits mitochondrial ATP synthesis. FUS expression activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). Importantly, down-regulating expression of ATP5B or UPRmt genes in FUS transgenic flies ameliorates neurodegenerative phenotypes. Our data show that mitochondrial impairment is a critical early event in FUS proteinopathy, and provide insights into the pathogenic mechanism of FUS-induced neurodegeneration.
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71
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Hook M, Roy S, Williams EG, Bou Sleiman M, Mozhui K, Nelson JF, Lu L, Auwerx J, Williams RW. Genetic cartography of longevity in humans and mice: Current landscape and horizons. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2718-2732. [PMID: 29410319 PMCID: PMC6066442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex and highly variable process. Heritability of longevity among humans and other species is low, and this finding has given rise to the idea that it may be futile to search for DNA variants that modulate aging. We argue that the problem in mapping longevity genes is mainly one of low power and the genetic and environmental complexity of aging. In this review we highlight progress made in mapping genes and molecular networks associated with longevity, paying special attention to work in mice and humans. We summarize 40 years of linkage studies using murine cohorts and 15 years of studies in human populations that have exploited candidate gene and genome-wide association methods. A small but growing number of gene variants contribute to known longevity mechanisms, but a much larger set have unknown functions. We outline these and other challenges and suggest some possible solutions, including more intense collaboration between research communities that use model organisms and human cohorts. Once hundreds of gene variants have been linked to differences in longevity in mammals, it will become feasible to systematically explore gene-by-environmental interactions, dissect mechanisms with more assurance, and evaluate the roles of epistasis and epigenetics in aging. A deeper understanding of complex networks-genetic, cellular, physiological, and social-should position us well to improve healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hook
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Suheeta Roy
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Evan G Williams
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - James F Nelson
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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72
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Gao AW, Sterken MG, Uit de Bos J, van Creij J, Kamble R, Snoek BL, Kammenga JE, Houtkooper RH. Natural genetic variation in C. elegans identified genomic loci controlling metabolite levels. Genome Res 2018; 28:1296-1308. [PMID: 30108180 PMCID: PMC6120624 DOI: 10.1101/gr.232322.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis is sustained by complex biological networks that respond to nutrient availability. Genetic and environmental factors may disrupt this equilibrium, leading to metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. To identify the genetic factors controlling metabolism, we performed quantitative genetic analysis using a population of 199 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans We focused on the genomic regions that control metabolite levels by measuring fatty acid (FA) and amino acid (AA) composition in the RILs using targeted metabolomics. The genetically diverse RILs showed a large variation in their FA and AA levels with a heritability ranging from 32% to 82%. We detected strongly co-correlated metabolite clusters and 36 significant metabolite quantitative trait loci (mQTL). We focused on mQTL displaying highly significant linkage and heritability, including an mQTL for the FA C14:1 on Chromosome I, and another mQTL for the FA C18:2 on Chromosome IV. Using introgression lines (ILs), we were able to narrow down both mQTL to a 1.4-Mbp and a 3.6-Mbp region, respectively. RNAi-based screening focusing on the Chromosome I mQTL identified several candidate genes for the C14:1 mQTL, including lagr-1, Y87G2A.2, nhr-265, nhr-276, and nhr-81 Overall, this systems approach provides us with a powerful platform to study the genetic basis of C. elegans metabolism. Furthermore, it allows us to investigate interventions such as nutrients and stresses that maintain or disturb the regulatory network controlling metabolic homeostasis, and identify gene-by-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwen W Gao
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark G Sterken
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jelmi Uit de Bos
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jelle van Creij
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rashmi Kamble
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Basten L Snoek
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan E Kammenga
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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73
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Smith RL, Soeters MR, Wüst RCI, Houtkooper RH. Metabolic Flexibility as an Adaptation to Energy Resources and Requirements in Health and Disease. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:489-517. [PMID: 29697773 PMCID: PMC6093334 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to efficiently adapt metabolism by substrate sensing, trafficking, storage, and utilization, dependent on availability and requirement, is known as metabolic flexibility. In this review, we discuss the breadth and depth of metabolic flexibility and its impact on health and disease. Metabolic flexibility is essential to maintain energy homeostasis in times of either caloric excess or caloric restriction, and in times of either low or high energy demand, such as during exercise. The liver, adipose tissue, and muscle govern systemic metabolic flexibility and manage nutrient sensing, uptake, transport, storage, and expenditure by communication via endocrine cues. At a molecular level, metabolic flexibility relies on the configuration of metabolic pathways, which are regulated by key metabolic enzymes and transcription factors, many of which interact closely with the mitochondria. Disrupted metabolic flexibility, or metabolic inflexibility, however, is associated with many pathological conditions including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Multiple factors such as dietary composition and feeding frequency, exercise training, and use of pharmacological compounds, influence metabolic flexibility and will be discussed here. Last, we outline important advances in metabolic flexibility research and discuss medical horizons and translational aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben L Smith
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maarten R Soeters
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
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74
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Abstract
Mitochondria are sensitive to numerous environmental stresses, which can lead to activation of mitochondrial stress responses (MSRs). Of particular recent interest has been the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), activated to restore protein homeostasis (proteostasis) upon mitochondrial protein misfolding. Several axes of the UPRmt have been described, creating some confusion as to the nature of the different responses. While distinct molecularly, these different axes are likely mutually beneficial and activated in parallel. This review aims at describing and distinguishing the different mammalian MSR/UPRmt axes to define key processes and members and to examine the involvement of protein misfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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75
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Mitochondrial function is impaired in the skeletal muscle of pre-frail elderly. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8548. [PMID: 29867098 PMCID: PMC5986740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26944-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a gradual decline in both muscle mass and strength over time, which can eventually lead to pathologies, such as frailty and sarcopenia. While these two conditions are well characterized, further investigation of the early biological signs present in pre-frail elderly is still needed to help identify strategies for preventative therapeutic intervention. The goal of the present clinical study was to evaluate the level of mitochondrial (dys)function in a well-defined population of pre-frail elderly (>60 years of age). Pre-frail elderly were compared with an age-matched population of active elderly. Muscle mitochondrial function was assessed in vivo using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) and a comprehensive set of biological biomarkers were measured ex vivo in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies. In pre-frail subjects, phosphocreatine recovery was impaired and mitochondrial respiratory complex protein and activity levels were significantly lower when compared with active elderly. Analysis of microarray data showed that mitochondrial genes were also significantly down-regulated in muscle of pre-frail compared to active elderly. These results show that mitochondrial impairment is a hallmark of pre-frailty development and the onset of decline in muscle function in the elderly.
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76
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Abstract
Metabolic changes are hallmarks of aging and genetic and pharmacologic alterations of relevant pathways can extend life span. In this review, we will outline how cellular biochemistry and energy homeostasis change during aging. We will highlight protein quality control, mitochondria, epigenetics, nutrient-sensing pathways, as well as the interplay between these systems with respect to their impact on cellular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Catic
- Huffington Center on Aging, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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77
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Victoria B, Nunez Lopez YO, Masternak MM. MicroRNAs and the metabolic hallmarks of aging. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 455:131-147. [PMID: 28062199 PMCID: PMC5724961 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging, the natural process of growing older, is characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological homeostasis at the cellular, tissue, and organismal level. Metabolically, the aging process is characterized by extensive changes in body composition, multi-tissue/multi-organ insulin resistance, and physiological declines in multiple signaling pathways including growth hormone, insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1, and sex steroids regulation. With this review, we intend to consolidate published information about microRNAs that regulate critical metabolic processes relevant to aging. In certain occasions we uncover relationships likely relevant to aging, which has not been directly described before, such as the miR-451/AMPK axis. We have also included a provocative section highlighting the potential role in aging of a new designation of miRNAs, namely fecal miRNAs, recently discovered to regulate intestinal microbiota in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Victoria
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
| | - Yury O Nunez Lopez
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism & Diabetes. Florida Hospital, 301 East Princeton St, Orlando, FL 32804, USA.
| | - Michal M Masternak
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL 32827, USA; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary St., 61-866, Poznan, Poland.
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78
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Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for many aspects of cellular homeostasis, including energy harvesting through oxidative phosphorylation. Alterations of mitochondrial function not only impact on cellular metabolism but also critically influence whole-body metabolism, health, and life span. Diseases defined by mitochondrial dysfunction have expanded from rare monogenic disorders in a strict sense to now also include many common polygenic diseases, including metabolic, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and neuromuscular diseases. This has led to an intensive search for new therapeutic and preventive strategies aimed at invigorating mitochondrial function by exploiting key components of mitochondrial biogenesis, redox metabolism, dynamics, mitophagy, and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. As such, new findings linking mitochondrial function to the progression or outcome of this ever-increasing list of diseases has stimulated the discovery and development of the first true mitochondrial drugs, which are now entering the clinic and are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Keir J Menzies
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute and Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
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79
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Gao AW, Uit de Bos J, Sterken MG, Kammenga JE, Smith RL, Houtkooper RH. Forward and reverse genetics approaches to uncover metabolic aging pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:2697-2706. [PMID: 28919364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The biological mechanisms of aging have been studied in depth and prominent findings in this field promote the development of new therapies for age-associated disorders. Various model organisms are used for research on aging; among these, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been widely used and has provided valuable knowledge in determining the regulatory mechanisms driving the aging process. Many genes involved in lifespan regulation are associated with metabolic pathways and are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. In line with this, C. elegans provides a promising platform to study such gene by environment interactions, in either a reverse or forward genetics approach. In this review, we discuss longevity mechanisms related to metabolic networks that have been discovered in C. elegans. We also highlight the use of wild populations to study the complex genetic basis of natural variation for quantitative traits that mediate longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwen W Gao
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jelmi Uit de Bos
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark G Sterken
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan E Kammenga
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reuben L Smith
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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80
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A Ketogenic Diet Extends Longevity and Healthspan in Adult Mice. Cell Metab 2017; 26:539-546.e5. [PMID: 28877457 PMCID: PMC5609489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction, without malnutrition, has been shown to increase lifespan and is associated with a shift away from glycolysis toward beta-oxidation. The objective of this study was to mimic this metabolic shift using low-carbohydrate diets and to determine the influence of these diets on longevity and healthspan in mice. C57BL/6 mice were assigned to a ketogenic, low-carbohydrate, or control diet at 12 months of age and were either allowed to live their natural lifespan or tested for physiological function after 1 or 14 months of dietary intervention. The ketogenic diet (KD) significantly increased median lifespan and survival compared to controls. In aged mice, only those consuming a KD displayed preservation of physiological function. The KD increased protein acetylation levels and regulated mTORC1 signaling in a tissue-dependent manner. This study demonstrates that a KD extends longevity and healthspan in mice.
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81
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Abstract
Stem cell aging and exhaustion are considered important drivers of organismal aging. Age-associated declines in stem cell function are characterized by metabolic and epigenetic changes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these changes will likely reveal novel therapeutic targets for ameliorating age-associated phenotypes and for prolonging human healthspan. Recent studies have shown that metabolism plays an important role in regulating epigenetic modifications and that this regulation dramatically affects the aging process. This review focuses on current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of stem cell aging, and the links between cellular metabolism and epigenetic regulation. In addition, we discuss how these interactions sense and respond to environmental stress in order to maintain stem cell homeostasis, and how environmental stimuli regulate stem cell function. Additionally, we highlight recent advances in the development of therapeutic strategies to rejuvenate dysfunctional aged stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruotong Ren
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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82
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D’Amico D, Sorrentino V, Auwerx J. Cytosolic Proteostasis Networks of the Mitochondrial Stress Response. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:712-725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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83
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Kumar V, Aneesh KA, Kshemada K, Ajith KGS, Binil RSS, Deora N, Sanjay G, Jaleel A, Muraleedharan TS, Anandan EM, Mony RS, Valiathan MS, Santhosh KTR, Kartha CC. Amalaki rasayana, a traditional Indian drug enhances cardiac mitochondrial and contractile functions and improves cardiac function in rats with hypertrophy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8588. [PMID: 28819266 PMCID: PMC5561106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the cardioprotective effect of Amalaki Rasayana (AR), a rejuvenating Ayurvedic drug prepared from Phyllanthusemblica fruits in the reversal of remodeling changes in pressure overload left ventricular cardiac hypertrophy (LVH) and age-associated cardiac dysfunction in male Wistar rats. Six groups (aging groups) of 3 months old animals were given either AR or ghee and honey (GH) orally; seventh group was untreated. Ascending aorta was constricted using titanium clips in 3 months old rats (N = 24; AC groups) and after 6 months, AR or GH was given for further 12 months to two groups; one group was untreated. Histology, gene and protein expression analysis were done in heart tissues. Chemical composition of AR was analyzed by HPLC, HPTLC and LC-MS. AR intake improved (P < 0.05) cardiac function in aging rats and decreased LVH (P < 0.05) in AC rats as well as increased (P < 0.05) fatigue time in treadmill exercise in both groups. In heart tissues of AR administered rats of both the groups, SERCA2, CaM, Myh11, antioxidant, autophagy, oxidative phosphorylation and TCA cycle proteins were up regulated. ADRB1/2 and pCREB expression were increased; pAMPK, NF-kB were decreased. AR has thus a beneficial effect on myocardial energetics, muscle contractile function and exercise tolerance capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, India
| | - Kumar A Aneesh
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, India
| | - K Kshemada
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, India
| | - Kumar G S Ajith
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, India
| | - Raj S S Binil
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, India
| | - Neha Deora
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - G Sanjay
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - A Jaleel
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, India
| | | | - E M Anandan
- Kottakal Arya Vaidyasala, Kottakkal, Kerala, India
| | - R S Mony
- Kottakal Arya Vaidyasala, Kottakkal, Kerala, India
| | | | - Kumar T R Santhosh
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, India
| | - C C Kartha
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, India.
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84
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Khan SS, Singer BD, Vaughan DE. Molecular and physiological manifestations and measurement of aging in humans. Aging Cell 2017; 16:624-633. [PMID: 28544158 PMCID: PMC5506433 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological aging is associated with a reduction in the reparative and regenerative potential in tissues and organs. This reduction manifests as a decreased physiological reserve in response to stress (termed homeostenosis) and a time-dependent failure of complex molecular mechanisms that cumulatively create disorder. Aging inevitably occurs with time in all organisms and emerges on a molecular, cellular, organ, and organismal level with genetic, epigenetic, and environmental modulators. Individuals with the same chronological age exhibit differential trajectories of age-related decline, and it follows that we should assess biological age distinctly from chronological age. In this review, we outline mechanisms of aging with attention to well-described molecular and cellular hallmarks and discuss physiological changes of aging at the organ-system level. We suggest methods to measure aging with attention to both molecular biology (e.g., telomere length and epigenetic marks) and physiological function (e.g., lung function and echocardiographic measurements). Finally, we propose a framework to integrate these molecular and physiological data into a composite score that measures biological aging in humans. Understanding the molecular and physiological phenomena that drive the complex and multifactorial processes underlying the variable pace of biological aging in humans will inform how researchers assess and investigate health and disease over the life course. This composite biological age score could be of use to researchers seeking to characterize normal, accelerated, and exceptionally successful aging as well as to assess the effect of interventions aimed at modulating human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya S. Khan
- Department of MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL60611USA
| | - Benjamin D. Singer
- Department of MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL60611USA
| | - Douglas E. Vaughan
- Department of MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL60611USA
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85
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Hoffman JM, Lyu Y, Pletcher SD, Promislow DEL. Proteomics and metabolomics in ageing research: from biomarkers to systems biology. Essays Biochem 2017; 61:379-388. [PMID: 28698311 PMCID: PMC5743054 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20160083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Age is the single greatest risk factor for a wide range of diseases, and as the mean age of human populations grows steadily older, the impact of this risk factor grows as well. Laboratory studies on the basic biology of ageing have shed light on numerous genetic pathways that have strong effects on lifespan. However, we still do not know the degree to which the pathways that affect ageing in the lab also influence variation in rates of ageing and age-related disease in human populations. Similarly, despite considerable effort, we have yet to identify reliable and reproducible 'biomarkers', which are predictors of one's biological as opposed to chronological age. One challenge lies in the enormous mechanistic distance between genotype and downstream ageing phenotypes. Here, we consider the power of studying 'endophenotypes' in the context of ageing. Endophenotypes are the various molecular domains that exist at intermediate levels of organization between the genotype and phenotype. We focus our attention specifically on proteins and metabolites. Proteomic and metabolomic profiling has the potential to help identify the underlying causal mechanisms that link genotype to phenotype. We present a brief review of proteomics and metabolomics in ageing research with a focus on the potential of a systems biology and network-centric perspective in geroscience. While network analyses to study ageing utilizing proteomics and metabolomics are in their infancy, they may be the powerful model needed to discover underlying biological processes that influence natural variation in ageing, age-related disease, and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Hoffman
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd CH464, Birmingham, AL 35294, U.S.A
| | - Yang Lyu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Geriatrics Center, Biomedical Sciences and Research Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A
| | - Scott D Pletcher
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Geriatrics Center, Biomedical Sciences and Research Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A
| | - Daniel E L Promislow
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Box 357705, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A.
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A
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86
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Quirós PM, Prado MA, Zamboni N, D'Amico D, Williams RW, Finley D, Gygi SP, Auwerx J. Multi-omics analysis identifies ATF4 as a key regulator of the mitochondrial stress response in mammals. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:2027-2045. [PMID: 28566324 PMCID: PMC5496626 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201702058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 537] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial stress activates a mitonuclear response to safeguard and repair mitochondrial function and to adapt cellular metabolism to stress. Using a multiomics approach in mammalian cells treated with four types of mitochondrial stressors, we identify activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) as the main regulator of the stress response. Surprisingly, canonical mitochondrial unfolded protein response genes mediated by ATF5 are not activated. Instead, ATF4 activates the expression of cytoprotective genes, which reprogram cellular metabolism through activation of the integrated stress response (ISR). Mitochondrial stress promotes a local proteostatic response by reducing mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, inhibiting mitochondrial translation, and coupling the activation of the ISR with the attenuation of mitochondrial function. Through a trans-expression quantitative trait locus analysis, we provide genetic evidence supporting a role for Fh1 in the control of Atf4 expression in mammals. Using gene expression data from mice and humans with mitochondrial diseases, we show that the ATF4 pathway is activated in vivo upon mitochondrial stress. Our data illustrate the value of a multiomics approach to characterize complex cellular networks and provide a versatile resource to identify new regulators of mitochondrial-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Quirós
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Miguel A Prado
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davide D'Amico
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Daniel Finley
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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87
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Gao AW, Chatzispyrou IA, Kamble R, Liu YJ, Herzog K, Smith RL, van Lenthe H, Vervaart MAT, van Cruchten A, Luyf AC, van Kampen A, Pras-Raves ML, Vaz FM, Houtkooper RH. A sensitive mass spectrometry platform identifies metabolic changes of life history traits in C. elegans. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2408. [PMID: 28546536 PMCID: PMC5445081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02539-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal nutrient metabolism is a hallmark of aging, and the underlying genetic and nutritional framework is rapidly being uncovered, particularly using C. elegans as a model. However, the direct metabolic consequences of perturbations in life history of C. elegans remain to be clarified. Based on recent advances in the metabolomics field, we optimized and validated a sensitive mass spectrometry (MS) platform for identification of major metabolite classes in worms and applied it to study age and diet related changes. Using this platform that allowed detection of over 600 metabolites in a sample of 2500 worms, we observed marked changes in fatty acids, amino acids and phospholipids during worm life history, which were independent from the germ-line. Worms underwent a striking shift in lipid metabolism after early adulthood that was at least partly controlled by the metabolic regulator AAK-2/AMPK. Most amino acids peaked during development, except aspartic acid and glycine, which accumulated in aged worms. Dietary intervention also influenced worm metabolite profiles and the regulation was highly specific depending on the metabolite class. Altogether, these MS-based methods are powerful tools to perform worm metabolomics for aging and metabolism-oriented studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwen W Gao
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iliana A Chatzispyrou
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rashmi Kamble
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yasmine J Liu
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Herzog
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reuben L Smith
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk van Lenthe
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin A T Vervaart
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arno van Cruchten
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela C Luyf
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine van Kampen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mia L Pras-Raves
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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88
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Kuehne A, Hildebrand J, Soehle J, Wenck H, Terstegen L, Gallinat S, Knott A, Winnefeld M, Zamboni N. An integrative metabolomics and transcriptomics study to identify metabolic alterations in aged skin of humans in vivo. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:169. [PMID: 28201987 PMCID: PMC5312537 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging human skin undergoes significant morphological and functional changes such as wrinkle formation, reduced wound healing capacity, and altered epidermal barrier function. Besides known age-related alterations like DNA-methylation changes, metabolic adaptations have been recently linked to impaired skin function in elder humans. Understanding of these metabolic adaptations in aged skin is of special interest to devise topical treatments that potentially reverse or alleviate age-dependent skin deterioration and the occurrence of skin disorders. Results We investigated the global metabolic adaptions in human skin during aging with a combined transcriptomic and metabolomic approach applied to epidermal tissue samples of young and old human volunteers. Our analysis confirmed known age-dependent metabolic alterations, e.g. reduction of coenzyme Q10 levels, and also revealed novel age effects that are seemingly important for skin maintenance. Integration of donor-matched transcriptome and metabolome data highlighted transcriptionally-driven alterations of metabolism during aging such as altered activity in upper glycolysis and glycerolipid biosynthesis or decreased protein and polyamine biosynthesis. Together, we identified several age-dependent metabolic alterations that might affect cellular signaling, epidermal barrier function, and skin structure and morphology. Conclusions Our study provides a global resource on the metabolic adaptations and its transcriptional regulation during aging of human skin. Thus, it represents a first step towards an understanding of the impact of metabolism on impaired skin function in aged humans and therefore will potentially lead to improved treatments of age related skin disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3547-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kuehne
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Auguste-Piccard-Hof 1, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.,PhD Program Systems Biology, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janosch Hildebrand
- Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Friedrich-Streib-Straße 2, Coburg, 96450, Germany
| | - Joern Soehle
- Beiersdorf AG, R&D, Skin Research Center, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20253, Germany
| | - Horst Wenck
- Beiersdorf AG, R&D, Skin Research Center, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20253, Germany
| | - Lara Terstegen
- Beiersdorf AG, R&D, Skin Research Center, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20253, Germany
| | - Stefan Gallinat
- Beiersdorf AG, R&D, Skin Research Center, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20253, Germany
| | - Anja Knott
- Beiersdorf AG, R&D, Skin Research Center, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20253, Germany
| | - Marc Winnefeld
- Beiersdorf AG, R&D, Skin Research Center, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20253, Germany.
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Auguste-Piccard-Hof 1, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
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89
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Eanes WF. New views on the selection acting on genetic polymorphism in central metabolic genes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1389:108-123. [PMID: 27859384 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the polymorphism of central metabolic genes as a source of fitness variation in natural populations date back to the discovery of allozymes in the 1960s. The unique features of these genes and their enzymes and our knowledge base greatly facilitates the systems-level study of this group. The expectation that pathway flux control is central to understanding the molecular evolution of genes is discussed, as well as studies that attempt to place gene-specific molecular evolution and polymorphism into a context of pathway and network architecture. There is an increasingly complex picture of the metabolic genes assuming additional roles beyond their textbook anabolic and catabolic reactions. In particular, this review emphasizes the potential role of these genes as part of the energy-sensing machinery. It is underscored that the concentrations of key cellular metabolites are the reflections of cellular energy status and nutritional input. These metabolites are the top-down signaling messengers that set signaling through signaling pathways that are involved in energy economy. I propose that the polymorphisms in central metabolic genes shift metabolite concentrations and in that fashion act as genetic modifiers of the energy-state coupling to the transcriptional networks that affect physiological trade-offs with significant fitness consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter F Eanes
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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90
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Dagdeviren S, Jung DY, Friedline RH, Noh HL, Kim JH, Patel PR, Tsitsilianos N, Inashima K, Tran DA, Hu X, Loubato MM, Craige SM, Kwon JY, Lee KW, Kim JK. IL-10 prevents aging-associated inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2016; 31:701-710. [PMID: 27811060 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600832r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Altered energy balance and insulin resistance are important characteristics of aging. Skeletal muscle is a major site of glucose disposal, and the role of aging-associated inflammation in skeletal muscle insulin resistance remains unclear. To investigate, we examined glucose metabolism in 18-mo-old transgenic mice with muscle-specific overexpression of IL-10 (MIL10) and in wild-type mice during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamping. Despite similar fat mass and energy balance, MIL10 mice were protected from aging-associated insulin resistance with significant increases in glucose infusion rates, whole-body glucose turnover, and skeletal muscle glucose uptake (∼60%; P < 0.05), as compared to age-matched WT mice. This protective effect was associated with decreased muscle inflammation, but no changes in adipose tissue inflammation in aging MIL10 mice. These results demonstrate the importance of skeletal muscle inflammation in aging-mediated insulin resistance, and our findings further implicate a potential therapeutic role of anti-inflammatory cytokine in the treatment of aging-mediated insulin resistance.-Dagdeviren, S., Jung, D. Y., Friedline, R. H., Noh, H. L., Kim, J. H., Patel, P. R., Tsitsilianos, N., Inashima, K., Tran, D. A., Hu, X., Loubato, M. M., Craige, S. M., Kwon, J. Y., Lee, K. W., Kim, J. K. IL-10 prevents aging-associated inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Dagdeviren
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dae Young Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Randall H Friedline
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hye Lim Noh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jong Hun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.,Wellness Emergence Center, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Payal R Patel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas Tsitsilianos
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kunikazu Inashima
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duy A Tran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaodi Hu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marilia M Loubato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Siobhan M Craige
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jung Yeon Kwon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.,Wellness Emergence Center, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; and.,Wellness Emergence Center, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jason K Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; .,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; and.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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91
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Talbert ME, Barnett B, Hoff R, Amella M, Kuczynski K, Lavington E, Koury S, Brud E, Eanes WF. Genetic perturbation of key central metabolic genes extends lifespan in Drosophila and affects response to dietary restriction. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:rspb.2015.1646. [PMID: 26378219 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a connection between nutrient inputs, energy-sensing pathways, lifespan variation and aging. Despite the role of metabolic enzymes in energy homeostasis and their metabolites as nutrient signals, little is known about how their gene expression impacts lifespan. In this report, we use P-element mutagenesis in Drosophila to study the effect on lifespan of reductions in expression of seven central metabolic enzymes, and contrast the effects on normal diet and dietary restriction. The major observation is that for five of seven genes, the reduction of gene expression extends lifespan on one or both diets. Two genes are involved in redox balance, and we observe that lower activity genotypes significantly extend lifespan. The hexokinases also show extension of lifespan with reduced gene activity. Since both affect the ATP/ADP ratio, this connects with the role of AMP-activated protein kinase as an energy sensor in regulating lifespan and mediating caloric restriction. These genes possess significant expression variation in natural populations, and our experimental genotypes span this level of natural activity variation. Our studies link the readout of energy state with the perturbation of the genes of central metabolism and demonstrate their effect on lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Talbert
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Brittany Barnett
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Robert Hoff
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Maria Amella
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Kate Kuczynski
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Erik Lavington
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Spencer Koury
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Evgeny Brud
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Walter F Eanes
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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92
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Smita S, Lange F, Wolkenhauer O, Köhling R. Deciphering hallmark processes of aging from interaction networks. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2706-15. [PMID: 27456767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is broadly considered to be a dynamic process that accumulates unfavourable structural and functional changes in a time dependent fashion, leading to a progressive loss of physiological integrity of an organism, which eventually leads to age-related diseases and finally to death. SCOPE OF REVIEW The majority of aging-related studies are based on reductionist approaches, focusing on single genes/proteins or on individual pathways without considering possible interactions between them. Over the last few decades, several such genes/proteins were independently analysed and linked to a role that is affecting the longevity of an organism. However, an isolated analysis on genes and proteins largely fails to explain the mechanistic insight of a complex phenotype due to the involvement and integration of multiple factors. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Technological advance makes it possible to generate high-throughput temporal and spatial data that provide an opportunity to use computer-based methods. These techniques allow us to go beyond reductionist approaches to analyse large-scale networks that provide deeper understanding of the processes that drive aging. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE In this review, we focus on systems biology approaches, based on network inference methods to understand the dynamics of hallmark processes leading to aging phenotypes. We also describe computational methods for the interpretation and identification of important molecular hubs involved in the mechanistic linkage between aging related processes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "System Genetics" Guest Editor: Dr. Yudong Cai and Dr. Tao Huang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchi Smita
- Department of Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Oscar-Langendorff-Institute of Physiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Falko Lange
- Oscar-Langendorff-Institute of Physiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Olaf Wolkenhauer
- Department of Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Rüdiger Köhling
- Oscar-Langendorff-Institute of Physiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
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93
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Jubin T, Kadam A, Jariwala M, Bhatt S, Sutariya S, Gani AR, Gautam S, Begum R. The PARP family: insights into functional aspects of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in cell growth and survival. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:421-37. [PMID: 27329285 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP family members can be found spread across all domains and continue to be essential molecules from lower to higher eukaryotes. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), newly termed ADP-ribosyltransferase D-type 1 (ARTD1), is a ubiquitously expressed ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART) enzyme involved in key cellular processes such as DNA repair and cell death. This review assesses current developments in PARP-1 biology and activation signals for PARP-1, other than conventional DNA damage activation. Moreover, many essential functions of PARP-1 still remain elusive. PARP-1 is found to be involved in a myriad of cellular events via conservation of genomic integrity, chromatin dynamics and transcriptional regulation. This article briefly focuses on its other equally important overlooked functions during growth, metabolic regulation, spermatogenesis, embryogenesis, epigenetics and differentiation. Understanding the role of PARP-1, its multidimensional regulatory mechanisms in the cell and its dysregulation resulting in diseased states, will help in harnessing its true therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jubin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - A Kadam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - M Jariwala
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Sutariya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - A R Gani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Gautam
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - R Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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94
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van Beek JHGM, Kirkwood TBL, Bassingthwaighte JB. Understanding the physiology of the ageing individual: computational modelling of changes in metabolism and endurance. Interface Focus 2016; 6:20150079. [PMID: 27051508 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2015.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing and lifespan are strongly affected by metabolism. The maximal possible uptake of oxygen is not only a good predictor of performance in endurance sports, but also of life expectancy. Figuratively speaking, healthy ageing is a competitive sport. Although the root cause of ageing is damage to macromolecules, it is the balance with repair processes that is decisive. Reduced or intermittent nutrition, hormones and intracellular signalling pathways that regulate metabolism have strong effects on ageing. Homeostatic regulatory processes tend to keep the environment of the cells within relatively narrow bounds. On the other hand, the body is constantly adapting to physical activity and food consumption. Spontaneous fluctuations in heart rate and other processes indicate youth and health. A (homeo)dynamic aspect of homeostasis deteriorates with age. We are now in a position to develop computational models of human metabolism and the dynamics of heart rhythm and oxygen transport that will advance our understanding of ageing. Computational modelling of the connections between dietary restriction, metabolism and protein turnover may increase insight into homeostasis of the proteins in our body. In this way, the computational reconstruction of human physiological processes, the Physiome, can help prevent frailty and age-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes H G M van Beek
- Section Functional Genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics , VU University medical centre , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Thomas B L Kirkwood
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing , Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL , UK
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95
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Jubin T, Kadam A, Saran S, Begum R. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase1 regulates growth and multicellularity in D. discoideum. Differentiation 2016; 92:10-23. [PMID: 27021638 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 regulates various biological processes like DNA repair, cell death etc. However, the role of PARP-1 in growth and differentiation still remains elusive. The present study has been undertaken to understand the role of PARP-1 in growth and development of a unicellular eukaryote, Dictyostelium discoideum. In silico analysis demonstrates ADPRT1A as the ortholog of human PARP-1 in D. discoideum. The present study shows that ADPRT1A overexpression (A OE) led to slow growth of D. discoideum and significant population of AOE cells were in S and G2/M phase. Also, AOE cells exhibited high endogenous PARP activity, significant NAD(+) depletion and also significantly lower ADPRT1B and ADPRT2 transcript levels. Moreover, AOE cells are intrinsically stressed and also exhibited susceptibility to oxidative stress. AOE also affected development of D. discoideum predominantly streaming, aggregation and formation of early culminant which are concomitant with reports on PARP's role in D. discoideum development. In addition, under developmental stimuli, increased PARP activity was seen along with developmentally regulated transcript levels of ADPRT1A during D. discoideum multicellularity. Thus the present study suggests that PARP-1 regulates growth as well as the developmental morphogenesis of D. discoideum, thereby opening new avenues to understand the same in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Jubin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India.
| | - Ashlesha Kadam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India.
| | - Shweta Saran
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Rasheedunnisa Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India.
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96
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Redmann M, Darley-Usmar V, Zhang J. The Role of Autophagy, Mitophagy and Lysosomal Functions in Modulating Bioenergetics and Survival in the Context of Redox and Proteotoxic Damage: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Aging Dis 2016; 7:150-62. [PMID: 27114848 PMCID: PMC4809607 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2015.0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox and proteotoxic stress contributes to age-dependent accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and protein aggregates, and is associated with neurodegeneration. The free radical theory of aging inspired many studies using reactive species scavengers such as alpha-tocopherol, ascorbate and coenzyme Q to suppress the initiation of oxidative stress. However, clinical trials have had limited success in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. We ascribe this to the emerging literature which suggests that the oxidative stress hypothesis does not encompass the role of reactive species in cell signaling and therefore the interception with reactive species with antioxidant supplementation may result in disruption of redox signaling. In addition, the accumulation of redox modified proteins or organelles cannot be reversed by oxidant intercepting antioxidants and must then be removed by alternative mechanisms. We have proposed that autophagy serves this essential function in removing damaged or dysfunctional proteins and organelles thus preserving neuronal function and survival. In this review, we will highlight observations regarding the impact of autophagy regulation on cellular bioenergetics and survival in response to reactive species or reactive species generating compounds, and in response to proteotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Redmann
- Center for Free Radical Biology,; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Center for Free Radical Biology,; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Center for Free Radical Biology,; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham,; Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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97
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Meng G, Zhong X, Mei H. A Systematic Investigation into Aging Related Genes in Brain and Their Relationship with Alzheimer's Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150624. [PMID: 26937969 PMCID: PMC4777381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging, as a complex biological process, is accompanied by the accumulation of functional loses at different levels, which makes age to be the biggest risk factor to many neurological diseases. Even following decades of investigation, the process of aging is still far from being fully understood, especially at a systematic level. In this study, we identified aging related genes in brain by collecting the ones with sustained and consistent gene expression or DNA methylation changes in the aging process. Functional analysis with Gene Ontology to these genes suggested transcriptional regulators to be the most affected genes in the aging process. Transcription regulation analysis found some transcription factors, especially Specificity Protein 1 (SP1), to play important roles in regulating aging related gene expression. Module-based functional analysis indicated these genes to be associated with many well-known aging related pathways, supporting the validity of our approach to select aging related genes. Finally, we investigated the roles of aging related genes on Alzheimer's Disease (AD). We found that aging and AD related genes both involved some common pathways, which provided a possible explanation why aging made the brain more vulnerable to Alzheimer's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Meng
- Computational Modeling Sciences, Platform Technologies and Science, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhong
- Neurodegeneration DPU, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongkang Mei
- Computational Modeling Sciences, Platform Technologies and Science, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, Shanghai, China
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98
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Germain D. Sirtuins and the Estrogen Receptor as Regulators of the Mammalian Mitochondrial UPR in Cancer and Aging. Adv Cancer Res 2016; 130:211-56. [PMID: 27037754 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
By being both the source of ATP and the mediator of apoptosis, the mitochondria are key regulators of cellular life and death. Not surprisingly alterations in the biology of the mitochondria have implications in a wide array of diseases including cancer and age-related diseases such as neurodegeneration. To protect the mitochondria against damage the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR(mt)) orchestrates several pathways, including the protein quality controls, the antioxidant machinery, oxidative phosphorylation, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis. While several reports have implicated an array of transcription factors in the UPR(mt), most of the focus has been on studies of Caenorhabditis elegans, which led to the identification of ATFS-1, for which the mammalian homolog remains unknown. Meanwhile, there are studies which link the UPR(mt) to sirtuins and transcription factors of the Foxo family in both C. elegans and mammalian cells but those have been largely overlooked. This review aims at emphasizing the potential importance of these studies by building on the large body of literature supporting the key role of the sirtuins in the maintenance of the integrity of the mitochondria in both cancer and aging. Further, the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) are known to confer protection against mitochondrial stress, and at least ERα has been linked to the UPR(mt). Considering the difference in gender longevity, this chapter also includes a discussion of the link between the ERα and ERβ and the mitochondria in cancer and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Germain
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
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99
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Bhatia-Dey N, Kanherkar RR, Stair SE, Makarev EO, Csoka AB. Cellular Senescence as the Causal Nexus of Aging. Front Genet 2016; 7:13. [PMID: 26904101 PMCID: PMC4751276 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we present cellular senescence as the ultimate driver of the aging process, as a "causal nexus" that bridges microscopic subcellular damage with the phenotypic, macroscopic effect of aging. It is important to understand how the various types of subcellular damage correlated with the aging process lead to the larger, visible effects of anatomical aging. While it has always been assumed that subcellular damage (cause) results in macroscopic aging (effect), the bridging link between the two has been hard to define. Here, we propose that this bridge, which we term the "causal nexus", is in fact cellular senescence. The subcellular damage itself does not directly cause the visible signs of aging, but rather, as the damage accumulates and reaches a critical mass, cells cease to proliferate and acquire the deleterious "senescence-associated secretory phenotype" (SASP) which then leads to the macroscopic consequences of tissue breakdown to create the physiologically aged phenotype. Thus senescence is a precondition for anatomical aging, and this explains why aging is a gradual process that remains largely invisible during most of its progression. The subcellular damage includes shortening of telomeres, damage to mitochondria, aneuploidy, and DNA double-strand breaks triggered by various genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Damage pathways acting in isolation or in concert converge at the causal nexus of cellular senescence. In each species some types of damage can be more causative than in others and operate at a variable pace; for example, telomere erosion appears to be a primary cause in human cells, whereas activation of tumor suppressor genes is more causative in rodents. Such species-specific mechanisms indicate that despite different initial causes, most of aging is traced to a single convergent causal nexus: senescence. The exception is in some invertebrate species that escape senescence, and in non-dividing cells such as neurons, where senescence still occurs, but results in the SASP rather than loss of proliferation plus SASP. Aging currently remains an inevitable endpoint for most biological organisms, but the field of cellular senescence is primed for a renaissance and as our understanding of aging is refined, strategies capable of decelerating the aging process will emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naina Bhatia-Dey
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Howard University Washington, DC, USA
| | - Riya R Kanherkar
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Howard University Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Evgeny O Makarev
- Vision Genomics, LLCWashington, DC, USA; InSilico Medicine, Emerging Technology Center, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antonei B Csoka
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Howard UniversityWashington, DC, USA; InSilico Medicine, Emerging Technology Center, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD, USA
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100
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Icariin, a natural flavonol glycoside, extends healthspan in mice. Exp Gerontol 2015; 69:226-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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