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Podlecka D, Gromadzińska J, Mikołajewska K, Fijałkowska B, Stelmach I, Jerzynska J. Longitudinal effect of phthalates exposure on allergic diseases in children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:84-89. [PMID: 32244034 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental chemicals, such as phthalates, phenols, and parabens, may affect children's immune development and contribute to the risk of atopic diseases and asthma. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between prenatal and childhood phthalate exposure and atopic diseases in children at the age of 9 years. METHODS This analysis is restricted to 145 mother-child pairs from the prospective Polish Mother and Child Cohort Study. Phthalate metabolite levels were assessed in the urine samples collected from mothers during the third trimester of pregnancy and from children at age of 2 and 9 years. For the appropriate recognition of children's health status, a questionnaire was administered to the mothers and completed with information from the medical record of each child. The clinical examination was performed by a pediatrician/allergist in the presence of the mother or a relative. RESULTS A higher urine concentration of mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate increased the risk of food allergy in children at the age of 9 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.75; 95% CI, 1.19-2.57; P = .004) and decreased the risk of atopic dermatitis (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.87; P = .02). For mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate, an increased risk of atopic dermatitis was observed (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.18-3.05; P = .008). A higher urine concentration of mono-benzyl phthalate increased the risk of asthma in children (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.08-2.58; P = .02), but the risk of asthma decreased when the concentration of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate was higher (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 10.43-0.97; P = .04). CONCLUSION Our study has not provided clear evidence of the negative effect of phthalate exposure during pregnancy and within the 9 years after birth on allergic diseases in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Podlecka
- Department of Pediatrics and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Gromadzińska
- Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Mikołajewska
- Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Fijałkowska
- Department of Pediatrics and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - Iwona Stelmach
- Department of Pediatrics and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Jerzynska
- Department of Pediatrics and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland.
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Daniel S, Balalian AA, Whyatt RM, Liu X, Rauh V, Herbstman J, Factor-Litvak P. Perinatal phthalates exposure decreases fine-motor functions in 11-year-old girls: Results from weighted Quantile sum regression. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105424. [PMID: 31881420 PMCID: PMC7023995 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phthalates are a group of high production chemicals, generally used as plasticizers and odor enhancers. Phthalates cross the blood-placenta barrier and are associated with deficits in cognitive functions and behavior problems in offspring. We previously reported sex-specific associations with motor function when phthalates are considered singly. Because exposure to phthalates usually occurs as mixtures, here we assess these associations between a mixture of phthalates and motor function at age 11 years. METHODS Data come from the prospective cohort study of mothers and offspring who participated in the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health birth cohort (CCCEH). Seven phthalate metabolites were measured in maternal spot urine obtained during the third trimester and motor function was evaluated using the short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition (BOT-2) at the age of 11 years. We used Weighted Quartile Sum (WQS) regression models to examine the effect of phthalate metabolites in males and females separately. The models were adjusted for child age in months, child BMI, maternal race (African-American vs. Dominican), prenatal alcohol consumption, maternal demoralization score, HOME score, and urine specific gravity. In a secondary analysis we used linear regression models to examine the association between the sum of molar concentrations of both DEHP and non-DEHP metabolites, and outcomes of gross and fine motor functions. RESULTS 209 mother-child pairs were eligible for this analysis. A significant decrease in fine-motor functions was observed among females, but not among males, following exposure to high levels of weighted quartile sum of seven phthalate metabolites (Covariates-adjusted coefficient estimate B = -2.7, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] -4.64 to -0.75, p = 0.01 for females [n = 116] and B = -1.63, 95%CI -3.94 to 0.69, p = 0.16 for males [n = 93]). The most highly weighted phthalate metabolites, associated with fine-motor functions among females, were MBP, MBZP, and MIBP, all non-DEHP phthalates. No significant associations were found between the weighted quartile sum of seven phthalate metabolites and gross-motor functions at the age of 11 years for males (B = -0.81, 95%CI -1.17 to 1.96, p = 0.23). With the molar sum of four non-DEHP phthalates as main predictor of linear regression models, we found significant decrease in gross and fine motor functions among females prenatally exposed to non-DEHP phthalates B = -0.98, 95%CI -1.98 to 0.03, p = 0.05 and B = -0.85, 95%CI -1.49 to -0.20, p = 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Phthalate exposure during pregnancy was associated with decreased motor functions among 11-year-old girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Daniel
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva POB 653, Israel; Soroka Medical Center and Clalit Health Services, Southern District, Israel
| | - Arin A Balalian
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robin M Whyatt
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Virginia Rauh
- Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Julie Herbstman
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Jankowska A, Polańska K, Koch HM, Pälmke C, Waszkowska M, Stańczak A, Wesołowska E, Hanke W, Bose-O'Reilly S, Calamandrei G, Garí M. Phthalate exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes in early school age children from Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108829. [PMID: 31677502 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Some phthalates are known endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC). They are widely present in the environment thus their impact on children's health is of particular scientific interest. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between phthalate exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes, in particular behavioral, cognitive and psychomotor development, in 250 early school age children from the Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL). Urine samples were collected at the time of children's neurodevelopmental assessment and were analysed for 21 metabolites of 11 parent phthalates. Behavioral and emotional problems were assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) filled in by the mothers. To assess children's cognitive and psychomotor development, Polish adaptation of the Intelligence and Development Scales (IDS) was administered. The examination was performed by trained psychologists. Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) were the two phthalates showing the highest statistically significant associations, with higher total difficulties scores (β = 1.5, 95% CI 0.17; 2.7; β = 1.5, 95% CI 0.25; 2.8, respectively) as well as emotional symptoms and hyperactivity/inattention problems for DnBP (β = 0.46, 95% CI -0.024; 0.94; β = 0.72, 95% CI 0.065; 1.4, respectively), and peer relationships problems for DMP (β = 0.37, 95% CI -0.013; 0.76). In addition, DnBP and DMP have been found to be negatively associated with fluid IQ (β = -0.14, 95% CI -0.29; 0.0041) and crystallized IQ (β = -0.16, 95% CI -0.29; -0.025), respectively. In the case of mathematical skills, three phthalates, namely DMP (β = -0.17, 95% CI -0.31; -0.033), DEP (β = -0.16, 95% CI -0.29; -0.018) and DnBP (β = -0.14, 95% CI -0.28; 0.0012), have also shown statistically significant associations. This study indicates that exposure to some phthalates seems to be associated with adverse effects on behavioral and cognitive development of early school age children. Further action including legislation, educational and interventional activities to protect this vulnerable population is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Jankowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Kinga Polańska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Claudia Pälmke
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Małgorzata Waszkowska
- Department of Health and Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksander Stańczak
- Department of Health and Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wesołowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Stephan Bose-O'Reilly
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gemma Calamandrei
- Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Mercè Garí
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Computational Biology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Ebara T, Yamada Y, Shoji N, Ito Y, Nakagawa A, Miyachi T, Ozaki Y, Omori T, Suzuki S, Kojima M, Ueyama J, Tomizawa M, Kato S, Oguri T, Matsuki T, Sato H, Oya N, Sugiura-Ogasawara M, Saitoh S, Kamijima M. Cohort profile: Aichi regional sub-cohort of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS-A). BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028105. [PMID: 31722936 PMCID: PMC6858231 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Effects of fetal, perinatal and childhood environment on the health of children at birth and during later life have become a topic of concern. The Aichi regional sub-cohort of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS-A) is an ongoing birth cohort of pregnant women and their children which has been used to provide unique data, as adjunct studies of JECS, on multifaceted potential factors affecting children's health. PARTICIPANTS The JECS-A is part of the JECS which follows a total of 100 000 pairs of children and their mothers (fathers' participation is optional) across 15 regions in Japan. In JECS-A, of the 8134 pregnant women living in Ichinomiya City and Nagoya City, Japan, a total of 5721 pregnant women and their 5554 children were included. Sociodemographic and psychological data as well as biological specimens were collected from the pregnant women and their spouses (if available) in the cohort during their pregnancy. Information on children included in the JECS-A was collected from their mothers and includes demographic, behavioural, childcare, psychological and psychiatric data. Urine extracted from disposable diapers and anthropometric data were also obtained from the children. FINDINGS TO DATE A similar distribution trend for age at delivery was confirmed between the pregnant women enrolled in the JECS-A and the national statistics of the relevant areas. However, differences in education level and household income were observed. A total of 5502 children remained in the cohort at 18 months after delivery. Compared with the national statistics, the basic demographics of the children in the cohort represented the population in the study areas. FUTURE PLANS The enrolled children in the JECS-A will be followed until the age of 13 years. The studies that come from JECS-A will complement JECS and bring novel results with a high level of generalisability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ebara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yamada
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Sports Management, Juntendo University School of Health and Sports Science, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoto Shoji
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nakagawa
- Faculty of Psychological Development, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taishi Miyachi
- Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Nagoya West District Care Center for Disabled Children, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Ozaki
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toyonori Omori
- Health Care Policy and Management, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masayo Kojima
- Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun Ueyama
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Motohiro Tomizawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Oguri
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taro Matsuki
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoko Oya
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Sugiura-Ogasawara
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kamijima
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Qian X, Li J, Xu S, Wan Y, Li Y, Jiang Y, Zhao H, Zhou Y, Liao J, Liu H, Sun X, Liu W, Peng Y, Hu C, Zhang B, Lu S, Cai Z, Xia W. Prenatal exposure to phthalates and neurocognitive development in children at two years of age. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 131:105023. [PMID: 31351385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are a family of endocrine disruptors with short elimination half-lives in the human body. To date, few epidemiological studies have examined repeated measures of maternal urinary phthalates and the combined effects of prenatal exposure to multiple phthalates on children's neurocognitive development. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the association between children's neurocognitive development at 2 years of age and prenatal phthalate exposure, as assessed by repeated measurements during pregnancy, and to further examine the effects of co-exposure to multiple phthalates using cumulative risk assessment. METHOD Within a prenatal cohort in Wuhan, China, we measured five high-molecular-weight (HMW) phthalates and three low-molecular-weight (LMW) phthalate metabolites' concentrations in three urine samples collected in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester of pregnancy from each mother. We assessed neurocognitive development by Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) at 2 years of age (n = 476) to obtain the children's mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI). RESULTS Higher exposure levels to LMW phthalates compared to HMW phthalates were observed in our population. Ln-transformed averaged concentration of mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), a metabolite of the LMW phthalate di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) during pregnancy, was associated with decreased PDI scores in all children (β = -1.90, 95% CI: -3.43, -0.37). Similarly, the averaged sum concentration of ∑dibutyl phthalate (∑DBP) was associated with decreased PDI scores in all children (β = -1.89, 95% CI: -3.63, -0.15). A negative trend of association between exposure to HMW phthalates and PDI scores was observed in girls, while a positive association was found in boys. In cumulative risk assessment analyses, we consistently observed that the hazard quotient of DnBP (the parent compound of MnBP) was inversely associated with PDI scores in all children, whereas the hazard quotient of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), an HMW phthalate, was positively associated with PDI scores in boys only. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to use repeated measurement of maternal urinary phthalates in all three trimesters to assess prenatal exposure in relation to children's neurodevelopment. Our study suggested a negative association between prenatal exposure to MnBP and children's psychomotor development, and potentially sex-specific associations between HMW phthalates and neurocognitive development among boys and girls. These findings warrant further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Qian
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangqian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Jankowska A, Polańska K, Hanke W, Wesołowska E, Ligocka D, Waszkowska M, Stańczak A, Tartaglione AM, Mirabella F, Chiarotti F, Garí M, Calamandrei G. Prenatal and early postnatal phthalate exposure and child neurodevelopment at age of 7 years - Polish Mother and Child Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 177:108626. [PMID: 31419718 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are among the most frequently investigated environmental chemicals influencing children's health and particularly their neuropsychological development. However, the reported effects of these compounds on child behavior, cognitive and psychomotor outcomes are not fully consistent. The aim of this study is to evaluate the associations between prenatal and early postnatal phthalate exposures and child neurodevelopment at age of 7 years. A total of 134 mother-child pairs from Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL) constitute the basis for current analysis. Eleven phthalate metabolites were measured in urine samples collected from mothers in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and from children at the age of 2 years. Child neuropsychological development at early school age (7 years) was assessed by both the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) filled by mothers and the Polish adaptation of the Intelligence and Development Scales (IDS) performed by psychologists. Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) concentration during pregnancy was significantly associated with increased risk of peer relationship problems in SDQ (OR = 2.7, p = 0.03). The results of the IDS analyses focused on child's cognitive and psychomotor development are not fully conclusive. Negative associations were evident between some phthalates in early childhood period and fluid intelligence and cognition (MEP: β = -5.2; p = 0.006; β = -4.2; p = 0.006; mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP): β = -4.9; p = 0.03; β = -4.0; p = 0.03; respectively), while positive associations have been found in the prenatal period (mono-2-ethyl-5-oxo-hexyl phthalate (oxo-MEHP): β = 3.6; p = 0.03 for fluid intelligence; β = 2.9; p = 0.03 for cognition). Further studies are required in order to elucidate which are the most critical periods of phthalate exposure on children's neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Jankowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland.
| | - Kinga Polańska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wesołowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Danuta Ligocka
- Bureau of Quality Assurance, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Waszkowska
- Department of Health and Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksander Stańczak
- Department of Health and Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Tartaglione
- Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorino Mirabella
- Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Chiarotti
- Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Mercè Garí
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Computational Biology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gemma Calamandrei
- Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
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Urbancova K, Lankova D, Sram RJ, Hajslova J, Pulkrabova J. Urinary metabolites of phthalates and di-iso-nonyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH)-Czech mothers' and newborns' exposure biomarkers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 173:342-348. [PMID: 30953948 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
To assess human exposure to hazardous diesters of phthalic acid and their substitute di-iso-nonyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH), concentrations of their metabolites in urine should be determined. For the purpose of this biomonitoring study, a quick and easy sample preparation procedure for the simultaneous determination of eight phthalate and four DINCH metabolites in urine has been implemented and validated. Following the enzymatic hydrolysis and dilution with methanol, the sample is ready for the analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The limits of quantification of this method ranged from 0.15 to 0.4 ng/mL urine with recoveries of 60-126% and repeatability in the range of 1-11%. The validated method was subsequently used for the analysis of urine samples collected from mothers and their newborn children living in two localities of the Czech Republic (Karvina and Ceske Budejovice, 2013-2014). Median concentrations of all measured metabolites (∑metabolites) were slightly lower in the urine samples collected from children (77.7 ng/mL urine) compared to their mothers (115.3 ng/mL urine), but no correlation was found between the concentrations of target compounds in children's and mothers' urine samples. The analyte with the highest concentration was monobutyl phthalate (MBP), with the median concentration of 32.1 ng/mL urine in the urine samples collected from mothers and 17.2 ng/mL urine in the samples collected from their children. This compound was also found in almost all of the measured samples. On the other hand, mono-isononyl-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (MINCH) was not found in any urine sample. The most contaminated samples were collected from children living in the Karvina locality (median ∑metabolites 103.2 ng/mL urine), where the mono (2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (cx-MEHP) compound contributed 43% to the total content of phthalate metabolites in newborns' urine. The results from our study are comparable with concentrations of the target compounds from Norway and Germany and lower compared to the results concluded in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Urbancova
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 3, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Darina Lankova
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 3, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Radim J Sram
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 3, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic; Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hajslova
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 3, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pulkrabova
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 3, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic.
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Garí M, Koch HM, Pälmke C, Jankowska A, Wesołowska E, Hanke W, Nowak D, Bose-O'Reilly S, Polańska K. Determinants of phthalate exposure and risk assessment in children from Poland. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:742-753. [PMID: 31003057 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are a group of widely used chemicals and humans are exposed to them in their daily life. Some phthalates may affect the hormonal balance in both children and adults. The aim of this study was to assess the phthalate exposure and its determinants among children at age of 7 years from the Polish Mother and Child Cohort Study (REPRO_PL). 250 urine samples collected in 2014-2015 were analysed for 21 metabolites of 11 parent phthalates using on-line high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). This represents the most extensive set of phthalate metabolites ever determined for Poland. Ten metabolites were quantifiable in 100% of the samples, another eight in >90%. The highest median concentrations were found for the primary monoester metabolites of di-iso-butyl (MiBP, 72.4 μg/l), di-n-butyl (MnBP, 56.3 μg/l) and diethyl (MEP, 42.0 μg/l) phthalate, followed by the sum of di-2-ethylhexyl (ΣDEHP, 89.3 μg/l) and di-iso-nonyl (ΣDiNP, 21.9 μg/l) phthalate metabolites. Metabolite concentrations were higher in children at 7 years than in the same children at age 2 or in their mothers during pregnancy. Generally, phthalate exposures in this study were much higher than exposures reported in other European populations. Multivariate regression models showed that body mass index, place of residence, breastfeeding duration, socio-economic status and parental education were associated with the metabolite levels in the 7-year old children. Daily intake and hazard index calculations revealed that a small percentage of children (around 3-10%) exceeded the tolerable daily intakes established by international institutions such as EFSA and U.S. EPA indicating that these children might be at risk of anti-androgenic effects from the individual and cumulative exposure to phthalates. Thus, further monitoring of this population, by educational programs and follow-up interventions, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercè Garí
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Computational Biology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Claudia Pälmke
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Jankowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wesołowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Bose-O'Reilly
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kinga Polańska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), Lodz, Poland
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Li N, Papandonatos GD, Calafat AM, Yolton K, Lanphear BP, Chen A, Braun JM. Identifying periods of susceptibility to the impact of phthalates on children's cognitive abilities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:604-614. [PMID: 30878731 PMCID: PMC6511335 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life phthalate exposures may adversely affect children's neurodevelopment by disrupting thyroid function, reducing gonadal hormone levels, or altering fatty acid concentrations in the brain. This study aimed to identify periods of heightened susceptibility during gestation, infancy, and childhood to the impact of phthalates on children's cognitive abilities. METHODS We used data from 253 mother-child pairs in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study (Cincinnati, Ohio), a longitudinal pregnancy and birth cohort. We quantified urinary concentrations of 11 phthalate metabolites in samples collected twice during gestation and 6 times during study visits when children were aged 1-8 years using a modified method of on-line solid phase extraction coupled with isotope dilution-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We assessed children's intelligence (IQ) at ages 5 and 8 years using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-III and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV, respectively. We estimated covariate-adjusted associations between a 1-standard deviation increase in log10-transformed urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations at each visit and children's IQ, adjusting for demographic, perinatal, and child factors; we tested for differences in these associations across visits using multiple informant models. RESULTS Associations between some phthalate metabolites and IQ varied by visit (phthalate x visit interaction p-values<0.20). The sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (ΣDEHP), mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, and monoethyl phthalate at age 3 years, and monobenzyl phthalate at 16 weeks gestation and child ages 3, 5, and 8 years were inversely associated with children's full-scale IQ. For example, each 1-standard deviation increase in ΣDEHP at age 3 was associated with a 1.9-point decrease in full-scale IQ (95% confidence interval: -3.7, -0.2). Mono-n-butyl phthalate and mono-isobutyl phthalate at age 4 years were positively associated with children's full-scale IQ. CONCLUSION Urinary concentrations of several phthalate metabolites at age 3 years, compared to other time periods, were more strongly associated with decreased cognitive abilities in these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, United States.
| | - George D Papandonatos
- Department of Biostatistics, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aimin Chen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, United States
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Zhang Q, Chen XZ, Huang X, Wang M, Wu J. The association between prenatal exposure to phthalates and cognition and neurobehavior of children-evidence from birth cohorts. Neurotoxicology 2019; 73:199-212. [PMID: 31004626 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalate have been detected widely in the environment; while several studies have indicated that prenatal phthalate exposure has adverse effects on neurodevelopment, the results were inconsistent. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the current research status of the relationship between prenatal exposure to different types of phthalate and cognition and behavioral development in children. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the current state of knowledge. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE electronic databases up to May 2018 with manual searches of the references of retrieved publications and relevant reviews. Only birth cohort studies that reported on the association between phthalate exposure and cognitive or behavioral development were included in this review. We evaluated the risk of bias for each of the included studies using a modified instrument based on the Cochrane Collaboration's "Risk of Bias" tool. RESULT Twenty-six birth cohort studies met our inclusion criteria, nine of which investigated the impact of phthalate exposure during pregnancy on cognition, 13 on neurobehavior, and 4 on both cognition and neurobehavior. However, ten articles reported that the effect of prenatal exposure to phthalates on cognitive development was statistically significant, 15 articles reported that the effect of prenatal exposure to phthalates on neurobehavior was statistically significant. The effect of prenatal phthalate exposure on neurodevelopment differed according to sex, but the results are inconsistent, for instance, among the five studies investigating the association between mental development index (MDI) and Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), two of them showed a significantly decreasing MDI scores with increasing concentrations of MnBP among girls, but among boys one study showed the inverse association, another showed the positive association. CONCLUSION Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, butyl-benzyl phthalate and di-ethyl phthalate exposure during pregnancy was associated with lower cognitive scores and worse behavior in offspring, and sex-specific effects on cognitive, psychomotor, and behavioral development were identified, especially the impact of phthalate exposure on neurobehavior in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Balalian AA, Whyatt RM, Liu X, Insel BJ, Rauh VA, Herbstman J, Factor-Litvak P. Prenatal and childhood exposure to phthalates and motor skills at age 11 years. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 171:416-427. [PMID: 30731329 PMCID: PMC6814270 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous reports suggest that prenatal phthalate exposure is associated with lower scores on measures of motor skills in infants and toddlers. Whether these associations persist into later childhood or preadolescence has not been studied. METHODS In a follow up study of 209 inner-city mothers and their children the concentrations of mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monomethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-carboxy-isooctyl phthalate (MCOP), and four di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate metabolites (ΣDEHP) were measured in spot urine sample collected from the women in late pregnancy and from their children at ages 3, 5, and 7 years. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency short form (BOT-2) was administered at child age 11 to assess gross and fine motor skills. RESULTS The total number of children included in the study was 209. Of the 209 children, 116(55.5%) were girls and 93 were (45%) boys. Among girls, prenatal MnBP(b=-2.09; 95%CI: [-3.43, -0.75]), MBzP (b=-1.14; [95%CI: -2.13, -0.14]), and MiBP(b=-1.36; 95%CI: [-2.51, -0.21] and MEP(b=-1.23 [95%CI: -2.36, -0.11]) were associated with lower total BOT-2 composite score. MnBP (b= -1.43; 95% CI: [-2.44, -0.42]) was associated with lower fine motor scores and MiBP(b = -0.56; 95% CI: [-1.12, -0.01]) and MEP (b = -0.60; 95% CI: [-1.14, -0.06])was associated with lower gross motor scores. Among boys, prenatal MBzP (b = -0.79; 95% CI: [-1.40, -0.19]) was associated with lower fine motor composite score. The associations between MEP measured at age 3 and the BOT-2 gross motor, fine motor and total motor score differed by sex. In boys, there was an inverse association between ΣDEHP metabolites measured in childhood at ages 3 (b = -1.30; 95% CI: [-2.34, -0.26]) and 7 years (b = -0.96; 95% CI: [-1.79, -0.13]), and BOT-2 fine motor composite scores. CONCLUSIONS Higher prenatal exposure to specific phthalates was associated with lower motor function among 11- year old girls while higher postnatal exposure to ΣDEHP metabolites was associated with lower scores among boys. As lower scores on measures of motor development have been associated with more problems in cognitive, socioemotional functioning and behavior, the findings of this study have implications related to overall child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arin A Balalian
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Robin M Whyatt
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Beverly J Insel
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Virginia A Rauh
- Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Julie Herbstman
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Davis AN, Carlo G, Gulseven Z, Palermo F, Lin CH, Nagel SC, Vu DC, Vo PH, Ho TL, McElroy JA. Exposure to environmental toxicants and young children's cognitive and social development. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019; 34:35-56. [PMID: 30844763 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Understanding the role of environmental toxicant exposure on children's development is an important area of inquiry in order to better understand contextual factors that shape development and ultimately school readiness among young children. There is evidence suggesting negative links between exposure to environmental toxicants and negative physical health outcomes (i.e. asthma, allergies) in children. However, research on children's exposure to environmental toxicants and other developmental outcomes (cognitive, socioemotional) is limited. Objectives The goal of the current review was to assess the existing literature on the links between environmental toxicants (excluding heavy metals) and children's cognitive, socioemotional, and behavioral development among young children. Methods This literature review highlights research on environmental toxicants (i.e. pesticide exposure, bisphenol A, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tobacco smoke, polychlorinated biphenyls, flame retardants, phthalates and gas pollutions) and children's development across multiple domains. Results The results highlight the potential risk of exposure to multiple environmental toxicants for young children's cognitive and socioemotional development. Discussion Discussion will focus on the role of environmental toxicants in the cognitive and socioemotional development of young children, while highlighting gaps in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N Davis
- Individual, Family, and Community Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA, Phone: +816-294-6950
| | - Gustavo Carlo
- Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zehra Gulseven
- Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Francisco Palermo
- Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Chung-Ho Lin
- Center for Agroforestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Susan C Nagel
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Danh C Vu
- Center for Agroforestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Phuc H Vo
- Center for Agroforestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Thi L Ho
- Cuu Long Delta Rice Research Institute, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Jane A McElroy
- Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Bornehag CG, Lindh C, Reichenberg A, Wikström S, Unenge Hallerback M, Evans SF, Sathyanarayana S, Barrett ES, Nguyen RHN, Bush NR, Swan SH. Association of Prenatal Phthalate Exposure With Language Development in Early Childhood. JAMA Pediatr 2018; 172:1169-1176. [PMID: 30383084 PMCID: PMC6583016 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.3115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Prenatal exposure to phthalates has been associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes, but little is known about the association with language development. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of prenatal phthalate exposure with language development in children in 2 population-based pregnancy cohort studies. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data for this study were obtained from the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal Mother and Child, Asthma and Allergy (SELMA) study conducted in prenatal clinics throughout Värmland county in Sweden and The Infant Development and the Environment Study (TIDES) conducted in 4 academic centers in the United States. Participants recruited into both studies were women in their first trimester of pregnancy who had literacy in Swedish (SELMA) or English or Spanish (TIDES). This study included mothers and their children from both the SELMA study (n = 963) and TIDES (n = 370) who had complete data on prenatal urinary phthalate metabolite levels, language delay, and modeled covariables. For SELMA, the data were collected from November 1, 2007, to June 30, 2013, and data analysis was conducted from November 1, 2016, to June 30, 2018. For TIDES, data collection began January 1, 2010, and ended March 29, 2016, and data analysis was performed from September 15, 2016, to June 30, 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Mothers completed a language development questionnaire that asked the number of words their children could understand or use at a median of 30 months of age (SELMA) and 37 months of age (TIDES). The responses were categorized as fewer than 25, 25 to 50, and more than 50 words, with 50 words or fewer classified as language delay. RESULTS In the SELMA study, 963 mothers, 455 (47.2%) girls, and 508 (52.8%) boys were included. In TIDES, 370 mothers, 185 (50.0%) girls, and 185 (50.0%) boys were included in this analysis. The prevalence of language delay was 10.0% in both SELMA (96 reported) and TIDES (37 reported), with higher rates of delay in boys than girls (SELMA: 69 [13.5%] vs 27 [6.0%]; TIDES: 23 [12.4%] vs 14 [7.6%]). In crude analyses, the metabolite levels of dibutyl phthalate and butyl benzyl phthalate were statistically significantly associated with language delay in both cohorts. In adjusted analyses, a doubling of prenatal exposure of dibutyl phthalate and butyl benzyl phthalate metabolites increased the odds ratio (OR) for language delay by approximately 25% to 40%, with statistically significant results in the SELMA study (dibutyl phthalate OR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.03-1.63; P = .03]; butyl benzyl phthalate OR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.07-1.49; P = .003]). A doubling of prenatal monoethyl phthalate exposure was associated with an approximately 15% increase in the OR for language delay in the SELMA study (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.00-1.31; P = .05), but no such association was found in TIDES (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.79-1.23). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In findings from this study, prenatal exposure to dibutyl phthalate and butyl benzyl phthalate was statistically significantly associated with language delay in children in both the SELMA study and TIDES. These findings, along with the prevalence of prenatal exposure to phthalates, the importance of language development, and the inconsistent results from a 2017 Danish study, suggest that the association of phthalates with language delay may warrant further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Department of Health, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden, ,Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Abraham Reichenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sverre Wikström
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University School of Medical Sciences, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Sarah F. Evans
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Emily S. Barrett
- Department of Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | | | - Nicole R. Bush
- Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Center for Health and Community, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Shanna H. Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Lee DW, Kim MS, Lim YH, Lee N, Hong YC. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and neurodevelopmental outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 167:558-566. [PMID: 30145432 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), the most widely used phthalate, has recently been associated with neurodevelopmental disturbances in children. However, the risk is yet to be quantified. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the association between exposure to DEHP and neurodevelopmental outcomes is necessary, with particular attention to study design (longitudinal vs. cross-sectional). METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search for associations between exposure to DEHP and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Among 106 published studies found in public databases, eight longitudinal studies and two cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS We observed a statistically significant association between the concentrations of DEHP metabolites and the neurodevelopment outcomes of children among cross-sectional results, and found significant association between DEHP exposure measured in prenatal period and the psychomotor development outcomes measured later in childhood. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis of studies investigating the association between DEHP exposure and neurodevelopment in children. A need exists for more researches and a precautionary policy for potential health hazard of DEHP, the most commonly used phthalate, to promote healthier neurodevelopment in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Environmental Health Centre, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nami Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Centre, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Holahan MR, Smith CA, Luu BE, Storey KB. Preadolescent Phthalate (DEHP) Exposure Is Associated With Elevated Locomotor Activity and Reward-Related Behavior and a Reduced Number of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Positive Neurons in Post-Adolescent Male and Female Rats. Toxicol Sci 2018; 165:512-530. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bryan E Luu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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Yin N, Liang S, Liang S, Hu B, Yang R, Zhou Q, Jiang G, Faiola F. DEP and DBP induce cytotoxicity in mouse embryonic stem cells and abnormally enhance neural ectoderm development. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 236:21-32. [PMID: 29414342 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) are two typical small phthalate esters, extensively used in personal care and consumer products. Although previous studies have linked phthalate esters to several health issues, it is still unclear whether they can affects the early stages of embryonic development. In this study, we evaluated the early developmental neurotoxicity as well as the cytotoxicity of DEP and DBP, using mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Our results showed that both DEP and DBP could decrease mESC viability in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, while DBP could activate the caspase-3/7 enzymes and cause cell membrane damage as well as intracellular ROS accumulation, interestingly DEP treatment only showed stimulation of ROS production. In addition, DEP and DBP treatment at non-cytotoxic concentrations, abnormally altered the expression levels of several vitally important regulators of embryo development. For instance, neural ectoderm markers, such as Pax6, Nestin, Sox1 and Sox3, were significantly up-regulated upon DEP and DBP exposure. In conclusion, our work suggests a potential developmental toxicity of DEP and DBP on mammals, especially for neural ectoderm specification. Our findings help better understand the association between health problems and DEP/DBP exposure and most significantly remind us of the importance of additional health risk tests for these two largely used chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengxian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaojun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bowen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Association between maternal exposure to phthalates and lower language ability in offspring derived from hair metabolome analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6745. [PMID: 29712949 PMCID: PMC5928220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The fetus undergoes a crucial period of neurodevelopment in utero. The maternal hair metabolome provides an integrated record of the metabolic state of the mother prior to, and during pregnancy. We investigated whether variation in the maternal hair metabolome was associated with neurodevelopmental differences across infants. Maternal hair samples and infant neurocognitive assessments (using the Bayley III Scales of Infant Development at 24 months) were obtained for 373 infant-mother dyads between 26–28 weeks’ gestation from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes cohort. The hair metabolome was analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Intensity measurements were obtained for 276 compounds. After controlling for maternal education, ethnicity, and infant sex, associations between metabolites and expressive language skills were detected, but not for receptive language, cognitive or motor skills. The results confirm previous research associating higher levels of phthalates with lower language ability. In addition, scores were positively associated with a cluster of compounds, including adipic acid and medium-chain fatty acids. The data support associations between the maternal hair metabolome and neurodevelopmental processes of the fetus. The association between phthalates and lower language ability highlights a modifiable risk factor that warrants further investigation.
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Wu CF, Chen HM, Sun CW, Chen ML, Hsieh CJ, Wang SL, Wu MT. Cohort Profile: The Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study (TMICS) of phthalate exposure and health risk assessment. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:1047-1047j. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Fang Wu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ming Chen
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gang Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Sun
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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69
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Mughal BB, Fini JB, Demeneix BA. Thyroid-disrupting chemicals and brain development: an update. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:R160-R186. [PMID: 29572405 PMCID: PMC5890081 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review covers recent findings on the main categories of thyroid hormone-disrupting chemicals and their effects on brain development. We draw mostly on epidemiological and experimental data published in the last decade. For each chemical class considered, we deal with not only the thyroid hormone-disrupting effects but also briefly mention the main mechanisms by which the same chemicals could modify estrogen and/or androgen signalling, thereby exacerbating adverse effects on endocrine-dependent developmental programmes. Further, we emphasize recent data showing how maternal thyroid hormone signalling during early pregnancy affects not only offspring IQ, but also neurodevelopmental disease risk. These recent findings add to established knowledge on the crucial importance of iodine and thyroid hormone for optimal brain development. We propose that prenatal exposure to mixtures of thyroid hormone-disrupting chemicals provides a plausible biological mechanism contributing to current increases in the incidence of neurodevelopmental disease and IQ loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal B Mughal
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fini
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Barbara A Demeneix
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
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Stroustrup A, Bragg JB, Andra SS, Curtin PC, Spear EA, Sison DB, Just AC, Arora M, Gennings C. Neonatal intensive care unit phthalate exposure and preterm infant neurobehavioral performance. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193835. [PMID: 29505594 PMCID: PMC5837295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year in the United States, more than 300,000 infants are admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) where they are exposed to a chemical-intensive hospital environment during a developmentally vulnerable period. The neurodevelopmental impact of environmental exposure to phthalates during the NICU stay is unknown. As phthalate exposure during the third trimester developmental window has been implicated in neurobehavioral deficits in term-born children that are strikingly similar to a phenotype of neurobehavioral morbidity common among children born premature, the role of early-life phthalate exposure on the neurodevelopmental trajectory of premature infants may be clinically important. In this study, premature newborns with birth weight <1500g were recruited to participate in a prospective environmental health cohort study, NICU-HEALTH (Hospital Exposures and Long-Term Health), part of the DINE (Developmental Impact of NICU Exposures) cohort of the ECHO (Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes) program. Seventy-six percent of eligible infants enrolled in the study. Sixty-four of 81 infants survived and are included in this analysis. 164 urine specimens were analyzed for phthalate metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) was performed prior to NICU discharge. Linear and weighted quantile sum regression quantified associations between phthalate biomarkers and NNNS performance, and between phthalate biomarkers and intensity of medical intervention. The sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (∑DEHP) was associated with improved performance on the Attention and Regulation scales. Specific mixtures of phthalate biomarkers were also associated with improved NNNS performance. More intense medical intervention was associated with higher ∑DEHP exposure. NICU-based exposure to phthalates mixtures was associated with improved attention and social response. This suggests that the impact of phthalate exposure on neurodevelopment may follow a non-linear trajectory, perhaps accelerating the development of certain neural networks. The long-term neurodevelopmental impact of NICU-based phthalate exposure needs to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Stroustrup
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jennifer B. Bragg
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Syam S. Andra
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Paul C. Curtin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Emily A. Spear
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Denise B. Sison
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Allan C. Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
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Nakiwala D, Peyre H, Heude B, Bernard JY, Béranger R, Slama R, Philippat C. In-utero exposure to phenols and phthalates and the intelligence quotient of boys at 5 years. Environ Health 2018; 17:17. [PMID: 29458359 PMCID: PMC5819230 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are concerns that developmental exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals such as phenolic compounds and phthalates could affect child cognitive function. Epidemiological studies tackling this question have mainly focused on phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A, but not on the other phenolic compounds. Our study aimed to assess the relationship between in-utero exposure to phthalates, bisphenol A and other phenolic compounds (parabens, triclosan, dichlorophenols and benzophenone-3) and the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of boys at 5-6 years. METHODS In 452 mother-son dyads from the French EDEN cohort, we measured 11 phthalate metabolites and 9 phenolic compounds (4 parabens, benzophenone-3, bisphenol A, 2 dichlorophenols and triclosan) in spot urine samples collected between 22 and 29 gestational weeks. Verbal and performance IQ of children were assessed at 5-6 years by a psychologist using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI). We used adjusted Structural Equation Models (SEM) combined with Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate correction to assess the associations between maternal urine phenol and phthalate metabolite concentrations considered simultaneously and the boys' IQ. RESULTS No phenol or phthalate metabolite concentration was negatively associated with the boys' verbal or performance IQ (uncorrected p-values ≥0.09). Mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate tended to be associated with increased verbal IQ (β = 0.136, 95% confidence interval, 0.01; 0.27). This association disappeared after correction for multiple comparison (corrected p-value, 0.71). CONCLUSION Our results did not provide evidence of an inverse association between in-utero exposure to phenols or phthalates and verbal and performance IQ among boys. Since phenols and phthalates may have sex-specific effects, these null findings cannot be generalized to girls. Limitations included use of a single spot urine sample to assess exposures and lack of consideration of postnatal exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Nakiwala
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Hugo Peyre
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Paris, France
- Cognitive Sciences and Psycholinguistic Laboratory, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- U1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Centre (CRESS), Early Origin of the Child’s Health and Development (ORCHAD) Team, Inserm, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan Y. Bernard
- U1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Centre (CRESS), Early Origin of the Child’s Health and Development (ORCHAD) Team, Inserm, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Villejuif, France
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rémi Béranger
- Inserm U1085–IRSET, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Olesen TS, Bleses D, Andersen HR, Grandjean P, Frederiksen H, Trecca F, Bilenberg N, Kyhl HB, Dalsager L, Jensen IK, Andersson AM, Jensen TK. Prenatal phthalate exposure and language development in toddlers from the Odense Child Cohort. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2017; 65:34-41. [PMID: 29198963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are a group of chemicals found in a variety of consumer products. They have anti-androgenic properties and human studies have reported associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and neuropsychological development in the offspring despite different cognitive tests, different ages and varying timing of exposure. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between prenatal phthalate exposure and language development in children aged 20-36months. METHODS In the Odense Child Cohort, we analyzed 3rd trimester urine samples of 518 pregnant women for content of metabolites of diethyl, di-n-butyl, diisobutyl, butylbenzyl, di(2-ethylhexyl), and diisononyl phthalate, adjusted for osmolality. Language development was addressed using the Danish version of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories "Words and Sentences". Associations were assessed using logistic regression models comparing children below and above the 15th percentile while stratifying by sex and adjusting for maternal age and educational level. RESULTS Phthalate metabolites were detectable in all samples although in lower levels than previous studies. Among boys, increased prenatal phthalate exposure was associated with lower scores in language development; odds ratios for vocabulary score below the 15th percentile with doubling in monoethyl phthalate, and summed di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites were respectively 1.24 (95% confidence interval: 1.05,1.46), and 1.33 (1.01,1.75). Similar associations were found for language complexity. No associations were found for girls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are notable, as adverse associations were suggested even in this low-level exposed population, with only one spot urine sample for exposure assessment and control for confounders. Lower scores in early language development are of relevance to health as this test predicts later educational success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Staak Olesen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorthe Bleses
- TrygFonden's Center for Child Research and School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Helle Raun Andersen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Philippe Grandjean
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fabio Trecca
- Department of Language and Communication, Faculty of Humanities, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henriette Boye Kyhl
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 23 C, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise Dalsager
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Inge Kjær Jensen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 23 C, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense, Denmark.
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Sarigiannis DA. Assessing the impact of hazardous waste on children's health: The exposome paradigm. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 158:531-541. [PMID: 28711809 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of the health impacts related to hazardous waste is a major scientific challenge with multiple societal implications. Most studies related to associations between hazardous waste and public health do not provide established of mechanistic links between environmental exposure and disease burden, resulting in ineffective waste management options. The exposome concept comes to overhaul the nature vs. nurture paradigm and embraces a world of dynamic interactions between environmental exposures, endogenous exposures and genetic expression in humans. In this context, the exposome paradigm provides a novel tool for holistic hazardous waste management. Waste streams and the related contamination of environmental media are not viewed in isolation, but rather as components of the expotype, the vector of exposures an individual is exposed to over time. Thus, a multi-route and multi-pathway exposure estimation can be performed setting a realistic basis for integrated health risk assessment. Waste management practices are thus assessed not only regarding their technological edge and efficacy but also their effects on human health at the individual and community level, considering intra-subject variability in the affected population. The effectiveness of the exposome approach is demonstrated in the case of Athens, the capital of Greece, where the health effects associated to long term and short term exposure to two major waste management facilities (landfill and plastic recycling) are presented. Using the exposome analysis tools, we confirmed that proximity to a landfill is critical for children neurodevelopment. However, this effect is significantly modified by parameters such as parental education level, socioeconomic status and nutrition. Proximity to a plastics recycling plant does not pose significant threats under normal operating conditions; yet, in the case of an accidental fire, release of persistent carcinogenic compounds (dioxins and furans) even for a short period results in increased lifelong risk, especially for breast feeding neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Sarigiannis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Campus, Bldg. D, Rm 201, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001 Greece; School for Advanced Study (IUSS), Piazza della Vittoria 15, Pavia 27100, Italy.
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Prenatal phthalate exposures and child temperament at 12 and 24 months. Neurotoxicology 2017; 62:248-257. [PMID: 28803130 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational phthalate exposures have been adversely associated with attention, externalizing, and internalizing behaviors in childhood. Early childhood temperament may be a marker of later behavioral patterns. We therefore sought to determine whether gestational phthalate exposures were associated with infant and toddler temperament. METHODS The Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study is a prospective cohort study of children born between May 1998 and July 2001 in New York City (N=404). Phthalate metabolites were measured in spot urine samples collected from pregnant women in their third trimester. Child temperament was assessed by parental report at 12-months using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) (N=204) and at 24-months using the Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire (TBAQ) (N=279). We used multiple linear regression to evaluate associations between urinary phthalate metabolites and eleven temperament domains. RESULTS Phthalate biomarker concentrations were weakly associated with lower gross motor activity levels as well as higher duration of orienting at the 12-month assessment. Mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) and the sum of metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (∑DEHP) were associated with lower levels of smiling and laughing at 12 months. At 24-months, social fear and lower pleasure was linked to higher concentrations of MCPP and MBzP, and higher ∑DEHP was weakly associated with increased anger levels at 24-months. CONCLUSIONS Though we observed some weak associations between biomarkers of prenatal exposure to phthalates and temperament at 12- and 24-months, overall phthalates biomarkers were not strongly associated with alterations in temperament.
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Fournier K, Baumont E, Glorennec P, Bonvallot N. Relative toxicity for indoor semi volatile organic compounds based on neuronal death. Toxicol Lett 2017; 279:33-42. [PMID: 28709981 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semi Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs) are contaminants commonly found in dwellings as a result of their use as plasticizers, flame retardants, or pesticides in building materials and consumer products. Many SVOCs are suspected of being neurotoxic, based on mammal experimentation (impairment of locomotor activity, spatial learning/memory or behavioral changes), raising the question of cumulative risk assessment. The aim of this work is to estimate the relative toxicity of such SVOCs, based on neuronal death. METHOD SVOCs fulfilling the following conditions were included: detection frequency >10% in dwellings, availability of data on effects or mechanism of action for neurotoxicity, and availability of dose-response relationships based on cell viability assays as a proxy of neuronal death. Benchmark concentration values (BMC) were estimated using a Hill model, and compared to assess relative toxicity. RESULTS Of the 58 SVOCs selected, 28 were suspected of being neurotoxic in mammals, and 21 have been documented as inducing a decrease in cell viability in vitro. 13 have at least one dose-response relationship that can be used to derive a BMC based on a 10% fall in neuronal viability. Based on this in vitro endpoint, PCB-153 appeared to be the most toxic compound, having the lowest BMC10 (0.072μM) and diazinon the least toxic compound, having the highest BMC10 (94.35μM). We showed that experimental designs (in particular choice of cell lines) had a significant influence on BMC calculation. CONCLUSION For the first time, the relative in vitro toxicity of 13 indoor contaminants belonging to different chemical families has been assessed on the basis of neuronal cell viability. Lack of comparable toxicity datasets limits the number of SVOCs that can be included. More standardized protocols in terms of cell lines, species and exposure duration should be developed with a view to cumulative risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Fournier
- EHESP School of Public Health, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France; INSERM UMR1085 IRSET (Research Institute in Environmental and Occupational Health), Rennes, France.
| | - Emmanuel Baumont
- EHESP School of Public Health, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France; INSERM UMR1085 IRSET (Research Institute in Environmental and Occupational Health), Rennes, France.
| | - Philippe Glorennec
- EHESP School of Public Health, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France; INSERM UMR1085 IRSET (Research Institute in Environmental and Occupational Health), Rennes, France.
| | - Nathalie Bonvallot
- EHESP School of Public Health, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France; INSERM UMR1085 IRSET (Research Institute in Environmental and Occupational Health), Rennes, France.
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Kim JI, Hong YC, Shin CH, Lee YA, Lim YH, Kim BN. The effects of maternal and children phthalate exposure on the neurocognitive function of 6-year-old children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:519-525. [PMID: 28431379 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of phthalate exposure on the intelligence and attentional performance of 6-year old children when adjusting each other as covariates. We also investigated the differential effects of phthalate exposure on the intelligence and attention according to exposure period (maternal or children). Urine concentrations of mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) were analyzed. Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship between exposure to various phthalates with IQ scores and continuous performance test (CPT) variables. There were robust associations between child MEHHP and MEOHP levels with full scale IQ (FSIQ) even after adjusting for demographic variables and CPT scores (MEHHP -9.27, 95% CI: -17.25, -1.29; MEOHP -9.83, 95% CI: -17.44, -2.21). Child MEHHP and MEHOP levels negatively affected omission errors (MEHHP -20.36, 95% CI: -34.17, -6.55; MEOHP -18.93, 95% CI: -32.58, -5.28) and the response time variability (MEHHP -21.07, 95% CI: -39.04, -3.10; MEOHP -20.41, 95% CI -38.14, -2.69) of the CPT after adjusting for demographic variables and IQ. Maternal phthalate exposure had no effects on IQ or CPT variables. These results suggest that children phthalate exposure, but not maternal exposure, has an adverse effect on IQ and attentional performance, and these associations were found to be independent of each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Public Health Medical Services, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173 bun-gil 82, Goomi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seong-nam City, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Gao H, Zhu YD, Xu YY, Zhang YW, Yao HY, Sheng J, Jin ZX, Ren LL, Huang K, Hao JH, Tao FB. Season-dependent concentrations of urinary phthalate metabolites among Chinese pregnant women: Repeated measures analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 104:110-117. [PMID: 28389128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In utero exposure to phthalates may have adverse effects on pregnant women and their offsprings. Therefore, the exposure level of these substances among individuals, particularly among sensitive population, is of concern. The objective of the present study is to characterize urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites at multiple time points during pregnancy in Chinese women. A total of 3455 pregnant women were included from Ma'anshan Birth Cohort in China. Spot urine samples in the morning (8:00-10:00) and questionnaires were obtained at three separate visits (approximately in 10, 26, and 34 gestational weeks). Seven phthalate metabolites from urine samples were analyzed, including monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), mono benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) and mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP). Geometric means of concentrations were ranged from 0.05 to 41.0ng/mL for all the metabolites mentioned above. No individual exposure level was above the 95th percentiles for all the seven phthalates. On the three separate visits, 0.5%, 0.9% and 1.2% of the participants had coexposure to above the 75th percentiles for all metabolites. Taken these visits together, a total of 29 urine samples had concentrations above the 95th percentiles, while 3.0%-5.6% of urine levels were above 75th percentiles for at least one specific phthalate metabolite. We observed moderate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranging from 0.44 to 0.56 for MBzP, MEHP and MEP, and lower ICCs, from 0.28 to 0.32, for MMP, MBP, MEOHP and MEHHP. Sampling season was associated with concentrations of all phthalate metabolites, showing heavier exposure was more likely to occur during summer. In summary, phthalate exposure is prevalent in Chinese pregnant women. However, throughout pregnancy coexposure to multiple phthalates at the upper percentile of exposure is infrequent. Mild to moderate temporal stability indicates that a single measurement in spot urine collected in the morning (8:00-10:00) seems not enough to describe throughout pregnancy phthalate exposure. Urinary levels vary by sampling seasons, which should be taken into consideration in future analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan-Duo Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yun-Wei Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Yao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhong-Xiu Jin
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ling-Ling Ren
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Hu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Environmental Toxicants: Epigenetics as an Underlying Mechanism. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:7526592. [PMID: 28567415 PMCID: PMC5439185 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7526592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders, especially autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), calls for more research into the identification of etiologic and risk factors. The Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesizes that the environment during fetal and childhood development affects the risk for many chronic diseases in later stages of life, including neurodevelopmental disorders. Epigenetics, a term describing mechanisms that cause changes in the chromosome state without affecting DNA sequences, is suggested to be the underlying mechanism, according to the DOHaD hypothesis. Moreover, many neurodevelopmental disorders are also related to epigenetic abnormalities. Experimental and epidemiological studies suggest that exposure to prenatal environmental toxicants is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. In addition, there is also evidence that environmental toxicants can result in epigenetic alterations, notably DNA methylation. In this review, we first focus on the relationship between neurodevelopmental disorders and environmental toxicants, in particular maternal smoking, plastic-derived chemicals (bisphenol A and phthalates), persistent organic pollutants, and heavy metals. We then review studies showing the epigenetic effects of those environmental factors in humans that may affect normal neurodevelopment.
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Ipapo KN, Factor-Litvak P, Whyatt RM, Calafat AM, Diaz D, Perera F, Rauh V, Herbstman JB. Maternal prenatal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and visual recognition memory among infants at 27 weeks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 155:7-14. [PMID: 28171772 PMCID: PMC5366271 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has demonstrated inverse associations between maternal prenatal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and cognitive development assessed in preschool and school-aged children. While there are a limited number of studies that evaluated these associations during infancy, no study has evaluated whether these associations exist when using the Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence (FTII), which captures novelty preference as a function of visual recognition memory. OBJECTIVE We evaluated associations between phthalate metabolite concentrations in maternal prenatal urine and cognition in infancy using the FTII at 27 weeks and determine if these associations are sex-specific. METHODS Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP) and four di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate metabolites (DEHP) were quantified in urine samples collected from 168 minority women living in urban neighborhoods during their third trimester of pregnancy. The FTII was administered to infants at 27 weeks to measure visual recognition memory and was recorded as the novelty preference score. RESULTS There were no associations between prenatal phthalate metabolite concentrations and novelty preference score in the full sample. However, there was evidence of effect modification by infant sex. Sex-stratified models demonstrated that compared to girls in the lowest tertile of MBzP concentrations, girls in tertiles 2 and 3 had, on average, 3.98 and 4.65 points lower novelty preference scores (p-value=0.04 and 0.03, respectively). The relationship was similar for ΣDEHP, MiBP, and MEP. Effects among boys were inconsistent and generally not significant. CONCLUSION Maternal prenatal exposure to some phthalates was negatively associated with visual recognition memory as measured by the FTII among girls at age 27 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khristina N Ipapo
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robin M Whyatt
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Diurka Diaz
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frederica Perera
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Virginia Rauh
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julie B Herbstman
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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80
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Polanska K, Krol A, Merecz-Kot D, Jurewicz J, Makowiec-Dabrowska T, Chiarotti F, Calamandrei G, Hanke W. Maternal stress during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes of children during the first 2 years of life. J Paediatr Child Health 2017; 53:263-270. [PMID: 28168801 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM A growing body of literature documents associations between maternal stress in pregnancy and child development, but findings across studies are often inconsistent. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between exposure to different kinds of prenatal stress and child psychomotor development. METHODS The study population consisted of 372 mother-child pairs from Polish Mother and Child Cohort. The analysis was restricted to the women who worked at least 1 month during pregnancy period. Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy was assessed based on: the Subjective Work Characteristics Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale and Social Readjustment Rating Scale. The level of satisfaction with family functioning and support was evaluated by APGAR Family Scale. Child psychomotor development was assessed at the 12th and 24th months of age by Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. RESULTS Negative impact on child cognitive development at the age of two was observed for the Perceived Stress Scale (β = -0.8; P = 0.01) and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (β = -0.4; P = 0.03) after adjusting for the variety of confounders. Occupational stress, as well as satisfaction with family functioning, was not significantly associated with child psychomotor development (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study supports the findings that prenatal exposure to maternal stress is significantly associated with decreased child cognitive functions. In order to further understand and quantify the effects of prenatal stress on child neurodevelopment further studies are needed. This will be important for developing interventions that provide more assistance to pregnant women, including emotional support or help to manage psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Polanska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Krol
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dorota Merecz-Kot
- Department of Health and Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Jurewicz
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Teresa Makowiec-Dabrowska
- Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Flavia Chiarotti
- Unit of Neurotoxicology and Neuroendocrinology, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma Calamandrei
- Unit of Neurotoxicology and Neuroendocrinology, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
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81
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Wu H, Olmsted A, Cantonwine DE, Shahsavari S, Rahil T, Sites C, Pilsner JR. Urinary phthalate and phthalate alternative metabolites and isoprostane among couples undergoing fertility treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 153:1-7. [PMID: 27875712 PMCID: PMC5222784 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data suggest associations between phthalate exposures to a variety of adverse reproductive outcomes including reduced sperm quality and reproductive success. While mechanisms of these associations are not fully elucidated, oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential mediator. We examined associations of urinary metabolites of phthalates and phthalate alternative plasticizers with oxidative stress among couples seeking fertility treatment. METHODS Seventeen urinary plasticizer metabolites and 15-F2t isoprostane, a biomarker of oxidative stress, were quantified in spot samples from 50 couples seeking fertility treatment who enrolled in the Sperm Environmental Epigenetics and Development Study during 2014-2015. RESULTS In multivariable analyses, percent change in isoprostane was positively associated with interquartile range increases for the oxidative metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, [mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP; 20.0%, p=0.02), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP; 24.1%, p=0.01), and mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (MECPP; 24.1%, p=0.004)], mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP; 17.8%, p=0.02), mono-hydroxyisobutyl phthalate (MHiBP; 27.5%, p=0.003), and cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid mono-hydroxy-isononyl ester (MHINCH; 32.3%, p=0.002). Stratification of participants by sex revealed that isoprostane was positively associated with MHiBP (41.4%, p=0.01) and monocarboxy-isononyl phthalate (MCNP; 26.0%, p=0.02) among females and MEOHP (35.8%, p=0.03), MiBP (29.2%, p=0.01), MHiBP (34.7%, p=0.007) and MHINCH (49.0%, p=0.002) among males. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that exposure to phthalates and phthalate replacements are associated with higher levels of oxidative stress in a sex-specific manner. Additional studies are needed to replicate our findings and to examine the potential health implications of the use of phthalates and alternative phthalates in consumer end products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Alexandra Olmsted
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - David E Cantonwine
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Shahin Shahsavari
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Tayyab Rahil
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, MA 01199, United States
| | - Cynthia Sites
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, MA 01199, United States
| | - J Richard Pilsner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
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Doherty BT, Engel SM, Buckley JP, Silva MJ, Calafat AM, Wolff MS. Prenatal phthalate biomarker concentrations and performance on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II in a population of young urban children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 152:51-58. [PMID: 27741448 PMCID: PMC5135594 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests prenatal phthalate exposures may have neurodevelopmental consequences. Our objective was to investigate prenatal exposure to phthalates and cognitive development in a cohort of young urban children. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited pregnant women in New York City from 1998 to 2002 and measured concentrations of nine phthalate metabolites in urine collected in late pregnancy. We administered a neurodevelopmental screening instrument, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID-II), to children who returned for follow-up at approximately 24 months (n=276). We estimated associations between phthalate metabolite concentrations in maternal urine and BSID-II indices (Mental Development Index (MDI), Psychomotor Development Index (PDI)). RESULTS We observed no associations between phthalate metabolite concentrations and performance on the MDI or PDI in boys and girls combined. We did, however, observe evidence of effect measure modification by sex. We observed several negative associations between metabolite concentrations and both MDI and PDI scores among girls, suggesting poorer performance across multiple metabolites, with estimates equal to a 2-3 point decrease in score per ln-unit increase in creatinine-standardized metabolite concentration. Conversely, we observed multiple weakly positive associations among boys, equal to a 1-2 point increase in score per ln-unit increase in metabolite concentration. The strongest associations were for the metabolites mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-isobutyl phthalate, monobenzyl phthalate, and mono(3-carboxylpropyl) phthalate (MCPP). CONCLUSIONS Girls of mothers with higher urinary concentrations of MCPP and metabolites of dibutyl phthalates had lower MDI scores on the BSID-II. These same biomarker concentrations were often associated with improved scores among boys. We observed similar results for MnBP, MCPP, and MBzP on the PDI. Given the prevalence of phthalate exposures in reproductive aged women, the implications of potential neurotoxicity warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett T Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, 2101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB #7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Stephanie M Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, 2101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB #7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, 2101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB #7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Manori J Silva
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Mary S Wolff
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave Lane, Levy Plaza, New York, NY 10029, USA
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83
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Wu H, Ashcraft L, Whitcomb BW, Rahil T, Tougias E, Sites CK, Pilsner JR. Parental contributions to early embryo development: influences of urinary phthalate and phthalate alternatives among couples undergoing IVF treatment. Hum Reprod 2016; 32:65-75. [PMID: 27927842 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are preconception urinary concentrations of phthalates and phthalate alternatives associated with diminished early stage embryo quality in couples undergoing IVF? SUMMARY ANSWER Male, but not female, urinary concentrations of select metabolites of phthalates and phthalate alternatives are associated with diminished blastocyst quality. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Although phthalates are endocrine disrupting compounds associated with adverse reproductive health, they are in widespread use across the world. Male and female preconception exposures to select phthalates have been previously associated with adverse reproductive outcomes in both the general population and in those undergoing IVF. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This prospective cohort included 50 subfertile couples undergoing IVF in western Massachusetts. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS This study includes the first 50 couples recruited from the Baystate Medical Center's Fertility Center in Springfield, MA, as part of the Sperm Environmental Epigenetics and Development Study (SEEDS). Relevant data from both partners, including embryo quality at the cleavage (Day 3) and blastocyst (Day 5) stages, were collected by clinic personnel during the normal course of an IVF cycle. A spot urine sample was collected from both male and female partners on the same day as semen sample procurement and oocyte retrieval. Concentrations of 17 urinary metabolite were quantified by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and normalized via specific gravity. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI, with urinary phthalates and phthalate alternatives fitted as continuous variables and embryo quality as a binary variable. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The 50 couples contributed 761 oocytes, of which 423 progressed to the cleavage stage, 261 were high-quality cleavage stage embryos, 137 were transferrable quality blastocysts and 47 were high-quality blastocysts. At the cleavage stage, male urinary monoethyl phthalate concentrations were positively associated with high-quality cleavage stage embryos (OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.43, P = 0.04); no other significant associations were observed at this stage. At the blastocyst stage, male urinary concentrations of monobenzyl phthalate (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.36-0.84, P = 0.01), mono-3-hydroxybutyl phthalate (OR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.18-0.76, P = 0.01), mono-n-butyl phthalate (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.73, P < 0.01) and monomethyl phthalate (OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.26-0.60, P < 0.01) were inversely associated with high-quality blastocysts. A borderline statistically significant relationship was observed for male concentrations of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.27-1.00, P = 0.05) and cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid-monocarboxy isooctyl ester (OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.04-1.03, P = 0.05) at the blastocyst stage. Similar inverse associations were observed between male urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and likelihood of transferrable quality blastocysts. For female partners, select metabolites were positively associated with odds of high or transferrable blastocyst quality, but the observed associations were not consistent across blastocyst quality measures or between sex-specific and couples-level models. All models were adjusted for age of both partners, urinary metabolite concentrations of female partners and male infertility status, while models of blastocysts were additionally adjusted for embryo quality at cleavage stage. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our modest sample included only 50 couples contributing one cycle each. In addition, non-differential misclassification of exposure remains a concern given the single-spot urine collection and the short half-life of phthalates. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our results suggest an inverse association between male preconception concentrations of select phthalate metabolites and blastocyst quality, likely occurring after genomic activation. If corroborated with other studies, such findings will have public health and clinical significance for both the general population and those undergoing IVF. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was generously supported by grant K22-ES023085 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The authors declare no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Lisa Ashcraft
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, MA 01199, USA
| | - Brian W Whitcomb
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 715 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Tayyab Rahil
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, MA 01199, USA
| | - Ellen Tougias
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, MA 01199, USA
| | - Cynthia K Sites
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, MA 01199, USA
| | - J Richard Pilsner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Minatoya M, Naka Jima S, Sasaki S, Araki A, Miyashita C, Ikeno T, Nakajima T, Goto Y, Kishi R. Effects of prenatal phthalate exposure on thyroid hormone levels, mental and psychomotor development of infants: The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 565:1037-1043. [PMID: 27261429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is commonly used phthalates and concerns of adverse effects of prenatal DEHP exposure on neonatal thyroid hormone (TH) and neurodevelopment are increasing. However, there is no report regarding association between prenatal DEHP exposure and infant neurodevelopment including TH levels in Japanese population. Thus the aim of present study was to evaluate the associations between prenatal DEHP exposure and mental and psychomotor development of infants 6 and 18months along with investigating influence on neonatal free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the prospective birth cohort study. Maternal blood samples collected between 23 and 41weeks of gestation was analyzed for mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), metabolite of DEHP levels. Neonatal FT4 and TSH were obtained from mass screening data. Infant neurodevelopment was assessed by Bayley Scale of Infant Development second edition at 6 and 18month of age. For the final analysis, 328 participants were included. The median levels of maternal MEHP was 10.6ng/ml, neonatal TSH and FT4 was 2.20 μU/ml and 2.03ng/ml, respectively. We did not find any associations between prenatal DEHP exposure and neonatal TH levels or infant mental and psychomotor development at 6 and 18month. In this study, prenatal DEHP exposure did not show adverse effects on infant TH levels or mental and psychomotor development in early life stage. However, our previous study revealed negative effects of prenatal DEHP exposure on sex hormone levels, continuous investigation on neurodevelopment in later life in association with prenatal DEHP exposure is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Minatoya
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Sonomi Naka Jima
- School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Minami 1, Nishi 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-0061, Japan
| | - Seiko Sasaki
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Atsuko Araki
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Chihiro Miyashita
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tamiko Ikeno
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tamie Nakajima
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yuko Goto
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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85
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Wang A, Padula A, Sirota M, Woodruff TJ. Environmental influences on reproductive health: the importance of chemical exposures. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:905-29. [PMID: 27513554 PMCID: PMC5158104 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Chemical exposures during pregnancy can have a profound and life-long impact on human health. Because of the omnipresence of chemicals in our daily life, there is continuous contact with chemicals in food, water, air, and consumer products. Consequently, human biomonitoring studies show that pregnant women around the globe are exposed to a variety of chemicals. In this review we provide a summary of current data on maternal and fetal exposure, as well as health consequences from these exposures. We review several chemical classes, including polychlorinated biphenyls, perfluoroalkyl substances, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, phenols, phthalates, pesticides, and metals. Additionally, we discuss environmental disparities and vulnerable populations, and future research directions. We conclude by providing some recommendations for prevention of chemical exposure and its adverse reproductive health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aolin Wang
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Amy Padula
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Marina Sirota
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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86
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Outcome reporting bias in observational epidemiology studies on phthalates. Ann Epidemiol 2016; 26:597-599.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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87
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Selenium status during pregnancy and child psychomotor development-Polish Mother and Child Cohort study. Pediatr Res 2016; 79:863-9. [PMID: 26885758 PMCID: PMC4899820 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The studies on the impact of selenium (Se) levels in different pregnancy periods on child psychomotor functions are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of prenatal Se on child neurodevelopment. METHODS The study population consisted of 410 mother-child pairs from Polish Mother and Child Cohort. Se levels were measured in each trimester of pregnancy, at delivery, and in cord blood by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Psychomotor development was assessed in children at the age of 1 and 2 y using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. RESULTS Plasma Se levels decreased through pregnancy (from 48.3 ± 10.6 µg/l in the first trimester to 38.4 ± 11.8 µg/l at delivery; P < 0.05). A statistically significant positive association between Se levels in the first trimester of pregnancy and motor development (β = 0.2, P = 0.002) at 1 y of age, and language development (β = 0.2, P = 0.03) at 2 y of age was observed. The positive effect of Se levels on cognitive score at 2 y of age was of borderline significance (β = 0.2, P = 0.05). CONCLUSION Prenatal selenium status was associated with child psychomotor abilities within the first years of life. Further epidemiological and preclinical studies are needed to confirm the association and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these effects.
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88
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Ponsonby AL, Symeonides C, Vuillermin P, Mueller J, Sly PD, Saffery R. Epigenetic regulation of neurodevelopmental genes in response to in utero exposure to phthalate plastic chemicals: How can we delineate causal effects? Neurotoxicology 2016; 55:92-101. [PMID: 27208563 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence, from animal models and human observational studies, implicates the in utero (and early postnatal) environment in the 'programming' of risk for a variety of adverse outcomes and health trajectories. The modern environment is replete with man-made compounds such as plastic product chemicals (PPC), including phenols and phthalates. Evidence from several human cohorts implicates exposure to these chemicals in adverse offspring neurodevelopment, though a direct causal relationship has not been firmly established. In this review we consider a potential causal pathway that encompasses epigenetic human variation, and how we might test this mechanistic hypothesis in human studies. In the first part of this report we outline how PPCs induce epigenetic change, focusing on the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, a key regulator of neurodevelopment. Further, we discuss the role of the epigenetics of BDNF and other genes in neurodevelopment and the emerging human evidence of an association between phthalate exposure and adverse offspring neurodevelopment. We discuss aspects of epidemiological and molecular study design and analysis that could be employed to strengthen the level of human evidence to infer causality. We undertake this using an exemplar recent research example: maternal prenatal smoking, linked to methylation change at the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) gene at birth, now shown to mediate some of the effects of maternal smoking on birth weight. Characterizing the relationship between the modern environment and the human molecular pathways underpinning its impact on early development is paramount to understanding the public health significance of modern day chemical exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Christos Symeonides
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jochen Mueller
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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89
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Abstract
Synthetic organic chemicals can be used in personal care and consumer products. Data on potential human health effects of these chemicals are limited-sometimes even contradictory-but because several of these chemicals are toxic in experimental animals, alternative compounds are entering consumer markets. Nevertheless, limited information exists on consequent exposure trends to both the original chemicals and their replacements. Biomonitoring (measuring concentrations of chemicals or their metabolites in people) provides invaluable information for exposure assessment. We use phthalates and bisphenol A-known industrial chemicals-and organophosphate insecticides as case studies to show exposure trends to these chemicals and their replacements (e.g., other phthalates, non-phthalate plasticizers, various bisphenols, pyrethroid insecticides) among the US general population. We compare US trends to national trends from Canada and Germany. Exposure to the original compounds is still prevalent among these general populations, but exposures to alternative chemicals may be increasing.
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90
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Gardner ST, Wood AT, Lester R, Onkst PE, Burnham N, Perygin DH, Rayburn J. Assessing differences in toxicity and teratogenicity of three phthalates, Diethyl phthalate, Di-n-propyl phthalate, and Di-n-butyl phthalate, using Xenopus laevis embryos. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:71-82. [PMID: 26730679 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1106994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates, compounds used to add flexibility to plastics, are ubiquitous in the environment. In particular, the diethyl (DEP), di-n-propyl (DnPP), and di-n-butyl (DBP) phthalates were found to exert detrimental effects in both mammalian and non-mammalian studies, with toxic effects varying according to alkyl chain length. Embryos of Xenopus laevis, the African clawed frog, have been used to assess toxicity and teratogenicity of several compounds and serves as a model for assessing adverse and teratogenic effects of ortho-phthalate esters. The purpose of this study was to develop a model for comparison of developmentally toxic effects of ortho-phthalate esters using Xenopus embryos. In this study developing Xenopus laevis embryos were exposed to increasing concentrations of DEP, DnPP, and DBP using the 96-h Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (FETAX), with 96-h lethal concentrations, effective concentrations to induce malformations, teratogenic indices, and concentrations to inhibit growth determined. DEP, DnPP, and DBP showed enhanced toxicity with increasing ester length. Developing Xenopus laevis exposed to DEP, DnPP, and DBP showed similar malformations that also occurred at lower concentrations with increasing alkyl chain length. Teratogenic risk did not change markedly with alkyl chain length, with data showing only DBP to be teratogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven T Gardner
- a Department of Biology , Jacksonville State University , Jacksonville , Alabama , USA
| | - Andrew T Wood
- b Department of Materials Science & Engineering , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | - Rachel Lester
- a Department of Biology , Jacksonville State University , Jacksonville , Alabama , USA
| | - Paitra E Onkst
- c Department of Physical and Earth Sciences , Jacksonville State University , Jacksonville , Alabama , USA
| | - Nathaniel Burnham
- c Department of Physical and Earth Sciences , Jacksonville State University , Jacksonville , Alabama , USA
| | - Donna H Perygin
- c Department of Physical and Earth Sciences , Jacksonville State University , Jacksonville , Alabama , USA
| | - James Rayburn
- a Department of Biology , Jacksonville State University , Jacksonville , Alabama , USA
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91
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Analytical methods for the determination of biomarkers of exposure to phthalates in human urine samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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92
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Circulating phthalates during critical illness in children are associated with long-term attention deficit: a study of a development and a validation cohort. Intensive Care Med 2015; 42:379-392. [PMID: 26667027 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-015-4159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Environmental phthalate exposure has been associated with attention deficit disorders in children. We hypothesized that in children treated in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), circulating phthalates leaching from indwelling medical devices contribute to their long-term attention deficit. METHODS Circulating plasma concentrations of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) metabolites were quantified in 100 healthy children and 449 children who had been treated in PICU and were neurocognitively tested 4 years later. In a development patient cohort (N = 228), a multivariable bootstrap study identified stable thresholds of exposure to circulating DEHP metabolites above which there was an independent association with worse neurocognitive outcome. Subsequently, in a second patient cohort (N = 221), the observed independent associations were validated. RESULTS Plasma concentrations of DEHP metabolites, which were virtually undetectable [0.029 (0.027-0.031) µmol/l] in healthy children, were 4.41 (3.76-5.06) µmol/l in critically ill children upon PICU admission (P < 0.001). Plasma DEHP metabolite concentrations decreased rapidly but remained 18 times higher until PICU discharge (P < 0.001). After adjusting for baseline risk factors and duration of PICU stay, and further for PICU complications and treatments, exceeding the potentially harmful threshold for exposure to circulating DEHP metabolites was independently associated with the attention deficit (all P ≤ 0.008) and impaired motor coordination (all P ≤ 0.02). The association with the attention deficit was confirmed in the validation cohort (all P ≤ 0.01). This phthalate exposure effect explained half of the attention deficit in post-PICU patients. CONCLUSIONS Iatrogenic exposure to DEHP metabolites during intensive care was independently and robustly associated with the important attention deficit observed in children 4 years after critical illness. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00214916.
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93
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Andra SS, Austin C, Arora M. Tooth matrix analysis for biomonitoring of organic chemical exposure: Current status, challenges, and opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 142:387-406. [PMID: 26219084 PMCID: PMC4609267 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence supports associations between prenatal exposure to environmental organic chemicals and childhood health impairments. Unlike the common choice of biological matrices such as urine and blood that can be limited by short half-lives for some chemicals, teeth provide a stable repository for chemicals with half-life in the order of decades. Given the potential of the tooth bio-matrix to study long-term exposures to environmental organic chemicals in human biomonitoring programs, it is important to be aware of possible pitfalls and potential opportunities to improve on the current analytical method for tooth organics analysis. We critically review previous results of studies of this topic. The major drawbacks and challenges in currently practiced concepts and analytical methods in utilizing tooth bio-matrix are (i) no consideration of external (from outer surface) or internal contamination (from micro-odontoblast processes), (ii) the misleading assumption that whole ground teeth represent prenatal exposures (latest formed dentine is lipid rich and therefore would absorb and accumulate more organic chemicals), (iii) reverse causality in exposure assessment due to whole ground teeth, and (iv) teeth are a precious bio-matrix and grinding them raises ethical concerns about appropriate use of a very limited resource in exposure biology and epidemiology studies. These can be overcome by addressing the important limitations and possible improvements with the analytical approach associated at each of the following steps: (i) tooth sample preparation to retain exposure timing, (ii) organics extraction and pre-concentration to detect ultra-trace levels of analytes, (iii) chromatography separation, (iv) mass spectrometric detection to detect multi-class organics simultaneously, and (v) method validation, especially to exclude chance findings. To highlight the proposed improvements we present findings from a pilot study that utilizes tooth matrix biomarkers to obtain trimester-specific exposure information for a range of organic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam S Andra
- Exposure Biology, Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Christine Austin
- Exposure Biology, Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Manish Arora
- Exposure Biology, Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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94
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Gascon M, Valvi D, Forns J, Casas M, Martínez D, Júlvez J, Monfort N, Ventura R, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M. Prenatal exposure to phthalates and neuropsychological development during childhood. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2015; 218:550-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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95
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Huang HB, Chen HY, Su PH, Huang PC, Sun CW, Wang CJ, Chen HY, Hsiung CA, Wang SL. Fetal and Childhood Exposure to Phthalate Diesters and Cognitive Function in Children Up to 12 Years of Age: Taiwanese Maternal and Infant Cohort Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131910. [PMID: 26121592 PMCID: PMC4488303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have examined the association between environmental phthalate exposure and children’s neurocognitive development. This longitudinal study examined cognitive function in relation to pre-and postnatal phthalate exposure in children 2–12 years old. We recruited 430 pregnant women in their third trimester in Taichung, Taiwan from 2001–2002. A total of 110, 79, 76, and 73 children were followed up at ages 2, 5, 8, and 11, respectively. We evaluated the children’s cognitive function at four different time points using the Bayley and Wechsler tests for assessing neurocognitive functions and intelligence (IQ). Urine samples were collected from mothers during pregnancy and from children at each follow-up visit. They were analyzed for seven metabolite concentrations of widely used phthalate esters. These esters included monomethyl phthalate, monoethyl phthalate, mono-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, and three metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, namely, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate. We constructed a linear mixed model to examine the relationships between the phthalate metabolite concentrations and the Bayley and IQ scores. We found significant inverse associations between the children’s levels of urinary mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate and the sum of the three metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and their IQ scores (β = -1.818; 95% CI: -3.061, -0.574, p = 0.004 for mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate; β = -1.575; 95% CI: -3.037, -0.113, p = 0.035 for the sum of the three metabolites) after controlling for maternal phthalate levels and potential confounders. We did not observe significant associations between maternal phthalate exposure and the children’s IQ scores. Children’s but not prenatal phthalate exposure was associated with decreased cognitive development in the young children. Large-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Bin Huang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chen
- Department of Special Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pen-Hua Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Sun
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Wang
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yen Chen
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (S-LW); (CAH)
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (S-LW); (CAH)
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96
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Polańska K, Muszyński P, Sobala W, Dziewirska E, Merecz-Kot D, Hanke W. Maternal lifestyle during pregnancy and child psychomotor development - Polish Mother and Child Cohort study. Early Hum Dev 2015; 91:317-25. [PMID: 25846841 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays special attention is paid to prenatal exposures to maternal lifestyle factors and their impact on a child development. AIM The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of modifiable maternal lifestyle factors on child neurodevelopment based on the Polish Mother and Child Cohort study. MATERIAL AND METHODS The current analysis included 538 mother-child pairs. The following factors related to maternal lifestyle were considered: smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure (based on the cotinine level in maternal saliva measured using LC-ESI+MS/MS method), alcohol consumption and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in pregnancy, pre-pregnancy BMI, and folic acid supplementations before and during pregnancy based on questionnaire data. Psychomotor development was assessed in children at the ages of one and two by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. RESULTS Significant association was observed between prenatal exposure to tobacco constituents and a decreased child motor development in assessments performed at both ages (β=-0.8, p=0.01; β=-1.4, p<0.001). Maternal pre-pregnancy underweight was associated with decreased language abilities at 12 months of age (β=-5.2, p=0.01) and cognitive and motor development at 24 months of age, for which the associations were of borderline significance (p=0.06). The recommended level of LTPA during pregnancy was beneficial for child language development at two years of age (β=4.8, p=0.02). For alcohol and folic acid consumption there were no significant associations with any of the analyzed domains of child neurodevelopment. CONCLUSIONS Children prenatally exposed to tobacco compounds and those of underweight mothers had a decreased psychomotor development. The recommended level of LTPA during pregnancy had positive impact on child development. These results underscore the importance of policies and public health interventions promoting healthy lifestyle among women in reproductive age and during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Polańska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Paweł Muszyński
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sobala
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Emila Dziewirska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dorota Merecz-Kot
- Department of Health and Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
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97
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Prenatal Exposure to Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and Subsequent Infant and Child Health Effects. Food Saf (Tokyo) 2015. [DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.2015011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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