51
|
Productivity and food safety of grain crops and forage species grown in iron ore tailings. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
52
|
Andrades R, Martins RF, Guabiroba HC, Rodrigues VLA, Szablak FT, Bastos KV, Bastos PGP, Lima LRS, Vilar CC, Joyeux JC. Effects of seasonal contaminant remobilization on the community trophic dynamics in a Brazilian tropical estuary. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149670. [PMID: 34467904 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In tropical estuaries, wet seasons are responsible for the downstream transport of allochthonous material from the upper basin and flooded plains. Although allochthonous matter is commonly associated to nutrient and detritus input, pollutants are also transported throughout the basin or suspended from the river bottom via strong streamflow remobilization and rainfall dynamics. We assessed community and population trophic niche-based patterns using organisms' stable isotopes signatures in the wet and the dry seasons to test if estuarine trophic diversity is affected by remobilization of metal-contaminated material from a mining dam collapse that occurred in the Doce river basin, Brazil. Trophic depletion was detected community-wide and in a key consumer group (bottom-dwelling fishes) at the end of the wet season in the impacted Doce river estuary (DRE). Conversely, higher trophic diversity values were recorded in a well-preserved estuary used as control site. Stable isotopes mixing models indicated in the DRE that G. genidens, a predator fish species, presented poor-quality diet based on pollutant-tolerant tiny organisms, a finding that strongly contrasts from diet described in other, little-impacted Brazilian estuaries. Although wet seasons are expected to increase trophic, functional and taxonomic diversity in tropical estuaries, in the DRE the rainfall-driven dynamics poses a threat to the community due to the presence of ore tailings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Andrades
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Rebeka F Martins
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Helder C Guabiroba
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Vítor L A Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Flávio T Szablak
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Kathiani V Bastos
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Pedro G P Bastos
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Layza R S Lima
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ciro C Vilar
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Jean-Christophe Joyeux
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Bauer ADB, Paiva TDC, Barboza CADM, Malm O, Fischer LG. Mercury Concentrations in Four Marine Fishery Resources from Rio de Janeiro Coast, SW Atlantic, and Potential Human Health Risk Via Fish Consumption. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4772-4781. [PMID: 33655431 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02596-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) contamination has caused ecological and socioeconomic problems worldwide. One of the main Hg contamination routes by the human populations is through fish ingestion. Herein, we analyzed the total Hg concentrations (THg) in highly consumed marine fish species: Brazilian flathead Percophis brasiliensis, Atlantic bigeye Priacanthus arenatus, Stripped weakfish Cynoscion guatucupa, and Jamaica weakfish C. jamaicensis. The specimens were collected from fishing landings off the Rio de Janeiro, SW Atlantic. Additionally, we calculate the estimated weekly intakes (EWI) and the maximum amount of fish (MAF) that can be safely ingested, both based on the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The highest THg concentrations were recorded in P. brasiliensis with a mean of 340.59 μg/kg (dry weight) and the lowest in P. arenatus (115.75 μg/kg). THg concentrations were positively related to the δ15N ratios indicating an increase in contamination with trophic level. All samples showed THg concentrations below the established limits by Brazilian and international regulation. Hg intake via human fish consumption does not exceed the PTWI. The EWI varied from 1.41% (P. arenatus size class I) to 11.52% (P. brasiliensis class II) of the PTWI, while the estimated EWI for "fish consumers" varied between 8.35 and 68.07% PTWI. The MAF estimated for an adult (70 kg) could safely consume between 1277.85 and 7075.50 g/week. This study is an important baseline for monitoring and future comparisons. Therefore, it is important to maintain monitoring of mercury levels in fish species in different marine regions, especially those species most consumed by humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur de Barros Bauer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação (PPG-CiAC), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Thaís de Castro Paiva
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Instituto de Biofísica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Moura Barboza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação (PPG-CiAC), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, 27910-970, Brazil
| | - Olaf Malm
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Instituto de Biofísica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciano Gomes Fischer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação (PPG-CiAC), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, 27910-970, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Frachini E, S Reis Ferreira C, Kroetz BL, Urbano A, Abrão T, Santos MJ. Modeling the kinetics of potentially toxic elements desorption in sediment affected by a dam breakdown disaster in Doce River - Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131157. [PMID: 34182633 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
On November 5th, 2015, a mining dam spilled a huge plume of mining waste in the Doce River. Even though many studies have reported the environmental impact from the Doce River's tragedy, the transport of potentially toxic elements (PTE) by kinetic modeling to determine how long the basin takes to achieve the natural balance has not been described. Therefore, samples of sludge, sediment, and water were collected along the Doce River basin, to assess the elements' total leaching by kinetic modeling. The elements Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, Ag, Pb, Cd, and As were evaluated. An innovative mobilization factor (FS/D) indicated that Mn2+, Ag+, and Cd2+ can be mobilized about 80, 89, and 57 times more than its initial concentration. Besides, in low pH, the Al and Pb ions can be mobilized. The desorption kinetics showed a lower rate constant (k) and higher initial desorption constant (h) for Mn2+ than Cd2+ and Ag+, suggesting both high- and low-affinity interaction sites for Mn2+. The exponential decay demonstrated that metals can leach for months or years. Thus, the long-lasting release of metals from mining tailing waste in concentrations that endanger the ecosystem and human health makes clear the need for long-term monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilli Frachini
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Urbano
- Physics Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Taufik Abrão
- Electrical Engineering Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Josefa Santos
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Ramos RL, Lebron YAR, Moreira VR, de Souza Santos LV, Amaral MCS. Phenolic compounds in surface water: methodology and occurrence in Doce River, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:687. [PMID: 34601622 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09420-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are widely spread in surface water, mainly in developing countries, where sewage and wastewater treatment are still reduced. Thus, this work quantified these pollutants in the Doce River analyzing the associated risk for the environment and human health. This river is in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil and was recently impacted by the collapse of a mining dam that compromised the resilience of the entire watershed. For that purpose, a methodology for simultaneous identification and quantification of 17 different phenols was developed. It was possible to verify phenolic compounds' occurrence with concentration ranging from 0.13 to 24.16 µg·L-1. 2-Nitrophenol and bisphenol A appeared in all samples analyzed. The analytical method was processed using solid-phase extraction (SPE) (C18 cartridge), gas chromatography with FID, and mass spectrometry to define the analytes' retention time. For case validation, the selectivity, linearity, detection and quantification limits, sensitivity, precision, accuracy, resolution, matrix effect, and peak quality were assessed. Four different solvents were tested in the recovery-grade trials, which were dichloromethane, methanol, acetonitrile, and ethyl acetate. Among them, methanol had a better performance and was used throughout all analyses. The phenolic compounds had a recovery degree higher than 50% after SPE, regardless of the matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramatisa Ladeia Ramos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, ZIP 30.270-901, P.O. Box 1294, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Yuri Abner Rocha Lebron
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, ZIP 30.270-901, P.O. Box 1294, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor Rezende Moreira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, ZIP 30.270-901, P.O. Box 1294, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucilaine Valéria de Souza Santos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, ZIP 30.270-901, P.O. Box 1294, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Míriam Cristina Santos Amaral
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, ZIP 30.270-901, P.O. Box 1294, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Gabriel FÂ, Ferreira AD, Queiroz HM, Vasconcelos ALS, Ferreira TO, Bernardino AF. Long-term contamination of the Rio Doce estuary as a result of Brazil’s largest environmental disaster. Perspect Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
|
57
|
Costa ES, Cagnin RC, da Silva CA, Longhini CM, Sá F, Lima AT, Gomes LEDO, Bernardino AF, Neto RR. Iron ore tailings as a source of nutrients to the coastal zone. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 171:112725. [PMID: 34304062 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Fundão dam rupture was one of the largest environmental disasters worldwide and released millions of m3 of iron ore tailings into the Doce River basin in southeastern Brazil. Here we assessed the supply of dissolved nutrients associated to tailings in the Doce River estuary and its adjacent coastal zone. First, we observed an acute increase in dissolved silicates (From 16.26 μM to 175.47 μM) and nitrate (From 5.56 μM to 50.69 μM) in the estuary when compared to days prior to the event. Coastal marine ecosystems showed significant concentrations of nitrite (From 0.72 μM to 2.99 μM) and phosphate (From 0.09 μM to 2.30 μM) one year after the disaster, which we attribute mainly to nutrient recycling. The chronic effects include an increase in nutrient load to the coastal zone with a predominance of nitrogenous species, which may increase the limitation of phosphorus and silica to marine primary production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Schettini Costa
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29.075-910, Brazil.
| | - Renata Caiado Cagnin
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29.075-910, Brazil
| | - Cesar Alexandro da Silva
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29.075-910, Brazil
| | - Cybelle Menolli Longhini
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29.075-910, Brazil
| | - Fabian Sá
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29.075-910, Brazil
| | - Ana Teresa Lima
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29.075-910, Brazil; Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Luiz Eduardo de Oliveira Gomes
- Grupo de Ecologia Bêntica, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Angelo Fraga Bernardino
- Grupo de Ecologia Bêntica, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Renato Rodrigues Neto
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29.075-910, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Liu J, Yang H, Zhang D, Wang Y, Xiao W, Ye C, Zheng B, Yang Y. Mechanical and permeation response characteristics of basalt fibre reinforced tailings to different reinforcement technologies: an experimental study. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210669. [PMID: 34540256 PMCID: PMC8441128 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tailings dam is a man-made hazard with high potential energy; dam failure would cause great losses to human lives and properties. However, the limitations of conventional reinforcement methods like geosynthetic make it easy to slide along the weak structural plane. In this paper, we innovatively added basalt fibre (BF) with different lengths (l) and contents (ω) into tailings to study its mechanical and permeation characteristics. The results indicate that BF can improve the shear strength (τ), cohesion (c) and compression index (Cc ) of tailings, but it has little effect on internal friction angle (φ). When l is constant, τ, c and Cc are positively correlated with ω. One notable phenomenon is that τ and c do not constantly increase with l when ω is constant, but obtain the maximum under the optimal length of 6 mm. Moreover, when ω > 0.6%, permeability coefficient (k) is greater than that of the original tailings and the sensitivity of c, φ, τ, Cc , k to fibre content is greater than that of length. The research results facilitate the understanding of BF reinforced tailings, and could serve as references for improving the safety of tailings dam and other artificial soil slopes or soil structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- China Coal Technology and Engineering Group, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- China Railway 23rd Bureau Group 6th Engineering Co. Ltd, Chongqing 401121, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Zheng
- School of Management Science and Engineering, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushun Yang
- Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Souza APD, Teodoro PE, Teodoro LPR, Taveira AC, de Oliveira-Júnior JF, Della-Silva JL, Baio FHR, Lima M, da Silva Junior CA. Application of remote sensing in environmental impact assessment: a case study of dam rupture in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:606. [PMID: 34453609 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09417-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The collapse of mining tailing dams in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil, that occurred in 2019 was one of the worst environmental and social disasters witnessed in the country. In this sense, monitoring any impacted areas both before and after the disaster is crucial to understand the actual scenario and problems of disaster management and environmental impact assessment. In order to find answers to that problem, the aim of this study was to identify and analyze the spatiality of the impacted area by rupture of the tailing dam of the Córrego do Feijão mine in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, by using orbital remote sensing. Land use and land occupation, phytoplankton chlorophyll-a, water turbidity, total suspended solids on water, and carbon sequestration efficiency by vegetation (CO2Flux) were estimated by orbital imagery from the Landsat-8/OLI and MSI/Sentinel-2 sensors in order to assess the environmental impacts generated by the disaster. Data were extracted from spectral models in which the variables that best demonstrated the land use variation over the years were sought. Mean comparison by t-test was performed to compare the time series analyzed, that is, before and after the disaster. Through the analysis of water quality, it was observed that the environmental impact was calamitous to natural resources, especially water from Córrego do Feijão.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Damasceno Souza
- Post-Graduate Program in Water Resources Management and Regulation (ProfÁgua), State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Teodoro
- Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Chapadão Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Cordeiro Taveira
- Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Chapadão Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - João Lucas Della-Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGCAM), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - Mendelson Lima
- State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
60
|
Bundschuh J, Schneider J, Alam MA, Niazi NK, Herath I, Parvez F, Tomaszewska B, Guilherme LRG, Maity JP, López DL, Cirelli AF, Pérez-Carrera A, Morales-Simfors N, Alarcón-Herrera MT, Baisch P, Mohan D, Mukherjee A. Seven potential sources of arsenic pollution in Latin America and their environmental and health impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146274. [PMID: 34030289 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a holistic overview of the occurrence, mobilization, and pathways of arsenic (As) from predominantly geogenic sources into different near-surface environmental compartments, together with the respective reported or potential impacts on human health in Latin America. The main sources and pathways of As pollution in this region include: (i) volcanism and geothermalism: (a) volcanic rocks, fluids (e.g., gases) and ash, including large-scale transport of the latter through different mechanisms, (b) geothermal fluids and their exploitation; (ii) natural lixiviation and accelerated mobilization from (mostly sulfidic) metal ore deposits by mining and related activities; (iii) coal deposits and their exploitation; (iv) hydrocarbon reservoirs and co-produced water during exploitation; (v) solute and sediment transport through rivers to the sea; (vi) atmospheric As (dust and aerosol); and (vii) As exposure through geophagy and involuntary ingestion. The two most important and well-recognized sources and mechanisms for As release into the Latin American population's environments are: (i) volcanism and geothermalism, and (ii) strongly accelerated As release from geogenic sources by mining and related activities. Several new analyses from As-endemic areas of Latin America emphasize that As-related mortality and morbidity continue to rise even after decadal efforts towards lowering As exposure. Several public health regulatory institutions have classified As and its compounds as carcinogenic chemicals, as As uptake can affect several organ systems, viz. dermal, gastrointestinal, peptic, neurological, respiratory, reproductive, following exposure. Accordingly, ingesting large amounts of As can damage the stomach, kidneys, liver, heart, and nervous system; and, in severe cases, may cause death. Moreover, breathing air with high As levels can cause lung damage, shortness of breath, chest pain, and cough. Further, As compounds, being corrosive, can also cause skin lesions or damage eyes, and long-term exposure to As can lead to cancer development in several organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jerusa Schneider
- Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Institute of Geosciences, University of Campinas, 13083-855 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, João Rosa Góes St., 1761, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Mohammad Ayaz Alam
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Atacama, Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Región de Atacama, Chile
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Indika Herath
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 60 Haven Ave, B-1, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Barbara Tomaszewska
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan
| | - Dina L López
- Department of Geological Sciences, Ohio University, 316 Clippinger Laboratories, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Alicia Fernández Cirelli
- University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (UBA-CONICET), Centro de Estudios, Transdiciplinarios del Agua (UBA), Av. Chorroarín 280, CABA C1427CWO, Argentina
| | - Alejo Pérez-Carrera
- University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Centro de Estudios Transdiciplinarios del Agua (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (UBA-CONICET), Cátedra de Química Orgánica de Biomoléculas, Av. Chorroarín 280, CABA C1427CWO, Argentina
| | - Nury Morales-Simfors
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Division ICT-RISE SICS East, Linköping SE-581.83, Sweden
| | - Maria Teresa Alarcón-Herrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Sustentable, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados SC Unidad Durango, C. CIMAV # 110, Ejido Arroyo Seco, Durango, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Paulo Baisch
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Campus Carreiros, CP 474, CEP 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Abhijit Mukherjee
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Silva AO, Guimarães AA, Lopez BDO, Zanchi CS, Vega CFP, Batista ÉR, de Souza Moreira FM, da Costa Souza FR, Pinto FA, Dos Santos JV, Carneiro JJ, Siqueira JO, Kemmelmeier K, Guilherme LRG, Rufini M, de Souza Dias Junior M, da Silva Aragão OO, de Castro Borges PH, de Oliveira-Longatti SM, Carneiro MAC. Chemical, physical, and biological attributes in soils affected by deposition of iron ore tailings from the Fundão Dam failure. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:462. [PMID: 34216287 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring degraded areas is essential for evaluation of the quality of the rehabilitation process. In this study, we evaluate how the physical and chemical characteristics of the mixture of iron ore tailings with the soil have affected the soil microbial biomass and activity in areas along the Gualaxo do Norte River after the Fundão Dam disaster. Composite soil samples were collected from areas that were impacted (I) and not impacted (NI) by the tailings. The following attributes were evaluated: chemical element content; soil density, porosity, and texture; microbial biomass carbon; basal respiration; and enzyme activity and density of microbial groups (bacteria, actinobacteria, fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizae, phosphate solubilizers, cellulolytic microorganisms, nitrifiers, ammonifiers, and diazotrophs). According to result, the deposition of tailings increased the pH and the soil available P, Cr, Fe, and Mn content and reduced organic matter. The physical and biological attributes were negatively affected, with increases in the silt content and density of the soil, and reduction in macroporosity and in the microbial biomass and activity of the soil (respiration and enzymes) in the impacted area. However, the impacted areas exhibited greater densities of some microbial groups (cellulolytic microorganisms, nitrifiers, and diazotrophic bacteria). Modifications in the organic matter and silt content are the main attributes associated with deposition of the tailings that affected soil microbial biomass and microbial activity. This may affect erosive conditions and the functionality of the ecosystem, indicating an imbalance in this environment. In contrast, the higher density of some microbial groups in the impacted areas show the high rehabilitation potential of these areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Oliveira Silva
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda Azarias Guimarães
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Daniela Ortiz Lopez
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Carin Sgobi Zanchi
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | - Éder Rodrigues Batista
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flávio Araújo Pinto
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Jessé Valentim Dos Santos
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Joana Junqueira Carneiro
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - José Oswaldo Siqueira
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Karl Kemmelmeier
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Rufini
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Gerais State, Lavras, Minas, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
62
|
Sá F, Longhini CM, Costa ES, da Silva CA, Cagnin RC, Gomes LEDO, Lima AT, Bernardino AF, Neto RR. Time-sequence development of metal(loid)s following the 2015 dam failure in the Doce river estuary, Brazil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144532. [PMID: 33485202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the Doce river (Southeast Brazil) Fundão dam disaster in 2015, we monitored the changes in concentrations of metal(loid)s in water and sediment and their particulate and dissolved partitioning over time. Samples were collected before, during, and after the mine tailings arrival to the Doce river estuary (pre-impact: 12, 10, 3 and 1 day; acute stage: tailing day - TD and 1 day after - DA; chronic stage: 3 months and 1 year post-disaster). Our results show that metal(loid) concentrations significantly increased with time after the disaster and changed their chemical partitioning in the water. 35.2 mg Fe L-1 and 14.4 mg Al L-1 were observed in the total (unfiltered) water during the acute stage, while aqueous Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn concentrations all exceeded both Brazilian and international safe levels for water quality. The Al, Fe and Pb partitioning coefficient log (Kd) decrease in the acute stage could be related to the high colloid content in the tailings. We continued to observe high concentrations for Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, V and Zn mainly in the particulate fraction during the chronic stage. Furthermore, the Doce river estuary had been previously contaminated by As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Pb, with a further increase in sediment through the tailing release (e.g. 9-fold increase for Cr, from 3.61 ± 2.19 μg g-1 in the pre-impact to 32.16 ± 20.94 μg·g-1 in the chronic stage). Doce river sediments and original tailing samples were similar in metal(loid) composition for Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, V and Zn. As a result, these elements could be used as geochemical markers of the Fundão tailings and considering other key parameters to define a baseline for monitoring the impacts of this environmental disaster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Sá
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil.
| | - Cybelle Menolli Longhini
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Schettini Costa
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Cesar Alexandro da Silva
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Renata Caiado Cagnin
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo de Oliveira Gomes
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Ana Teresa Lima
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil; Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Angelo Fraga Bernardino
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Renato Rodrigues Neto
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental e Poluição Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Defalco T, Vasconcelos ALS, Dias ACF, Barrientos L, Bernardino ÂF, Andreote FD, Núñez-Montero K. Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus safensis Strain 3A, a Heavy Metal-Resistant Bacterium Isolated from Contaminated Estuarine Sediment in Brazil. Microbiol Resour Announc 2021; 10:e00268-21. [PMID: 33888506 PMCID: PMC8063649 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00268-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus safensis 3A was isolated from a contaminated estuarine sediment sample with mine tailing from the Samarco dam disaster, which occurred in 2015 in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. We report here a draft genome sequence (3.6 Mb) of this bacterial strain. B. safensis exhibited strong resistance to heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaiane Defalco
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana L S Vasconcelos
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Armando C F Dias
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Excelencia en Medicina Traslacional, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | | | - Fernando Dini Andreote
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kattia Núñez-Montero
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Excelencia en Medicina Traslacional, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnologia, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Vormittag E, Saldiva P, Anastacio A, Barbosa F. High levels of metals/metalloids in blood and urine of residents living in the area affected by the dam failing in Barra Longa, District, Brazil: A preliminary human biomonitoring study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 83:103566. [PMID: 33359071 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fundão mining tailings dam in Mariana District has collapsed in 2015 and caused the biggest environmental disaster in Brazil. Barra Longa District had its urban area invaded by toxic sludge and its population was extensively exposed to it. Blood and urine samples were collected from 11 residents, focused on investigating the presence of metals at the end of an exploratory health study in 507 inhabitants in 2016. Results have shown increased levels of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, cooper, lead, manganese and nickel, and zinc defficiency in their body, as well as clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo Saldiva
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andressa Anastacio
- Instituto de Estudos Avançados (IEA) da Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Kohatsu MY, Pelegrino MT, Monteiro LR, Freire BM, Pereira RM, Fincheira P, Rubilar O, Tortella G, Batista BL, de Jesus TA, Seabra AB, Lange CN. Comparison of foliar spray and soil irrigation of biogenic CuO nanoparticles (NPs) on elemental uptake and accumulation in lettuce. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:16350-16367. [PMID: 33389577 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) can be used in several ways in agriculture, including increasing production rates and improving nutritional values in plants. The present study aims to clarify how biogenic copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) applied by two routes of exposure (foliar spray and soil irrigation) affect the elemental uptake by lettuce. In vivo experiments using lettuce (n = 4) were performed with CuO NPs in comparison with copper salt (CuSO4), considering a final mass added of 20 mg of CuO per plant. The elemental composition of roots was mostly affected by the soil irrigation exposure for both Cu forms (NPs and salt). Neither Cu form added by soil irrigation was translocated to leaves. Copper concentration in leaves was mainly affected by foliar spray exposure for both Cu forms (NPs and salt). All Cu forms through foliar spray were sequestered in the leaves and no translocation to roots was observed. Foliar spray of CuO NPs caused no visual damage in leaves, resulted in less disturbance of elemental composition, and improved dry weight, number of leaves, CO2 assimilation, and the levels of K, Na, S, Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn in leaves without causing significant changes in daily intake of most elements, except for Cu. Although Cu concentration increased in leaves by foliar spray of CuO NPs, it remained safe for consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Yukihiro Kohatsu
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental (CTA), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados, 5001 - Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Milena Trevisan Pelegrino
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 - Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Lucilena Rebelo Monteiro
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, IPEN/CNEN-SP - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares/Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Moreira Freire
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 - Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mendes Pereira
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 - Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Paola Fincheira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Olga Rubilar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Tortella
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Bruno Lemos Batista
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 - Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Araujo de Jesus
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental (CTA), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados, 5001 - Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Amedea Barozzi Seabra
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 - Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Camila Neves Lange
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 - Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Coura ÍR, Carmignano ORDR, Heitmann AP, Lameiras FS, Lago RM, de O Patricio PS. Use of iron mine tailing as fillers to polyethylene. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7091. [PMID: 33782479 PMCID: PMC8007725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The iron mine tailings accumulation in dams is an environmental and economic problem. The composite based on high-density polyethylene/iron mine tailing production for the application of wood plastic and some items of domestic plastic industry can be a good alternative to reduce the rejects in the environment. This work presents the influence of the processing methodology in the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of composites based on the high-density polyethylene/iron mine tailing. Four methodology processing by continuous and/or batch mixing were available. The iron mine tailing particles in the polymer matrix promoted an increase in mechanical strength and thermal stability. Besides, the particles acted as flame retardant. The iron mine tailing materials produced using batch mixing showed more significant modifications in the properties due to the better dispersion of the filler as shown by scanning electron microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ítalo R Coura
- Department of Chemistry, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, CEFET-MG, Av. Amazonas 5253, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30421-169, Brazil
| | - Ottavio R D R Carmignano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Pacheli Heitmann
- Department of Chemistry, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, CEFET-MG, Av. Amazonas 5253, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30421-169, Brazil
| | - Fernando S Lameiras
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Tecnologia Nuclear, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rochel M Lago
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S de O Patricio
- Department of Chemistry, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, CEFET-MG, Av. Amazonas 5253, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30421-169, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Ferreira GWD, Ribeiro BT, Weindorf DC, Teixeira BI, Chakraborty S, Li B, Guilherme LRG, Scolforo JRS. Assessment of iron-rich tailings via portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry: the Mariana dam disaster, southeast Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:203. [PMID: 33751261 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-08982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
On November 5, 2015, the Fundão dam collapsed and released > 60 million m3 of iron-rich mining sediments into the Doce river basin, covering >1000 ha of floodplain soils across ~80 km from the rupture. The characterization of alluvial mud covering and/or mixed with native soil is a priority for successful environmental rehabilitation. Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry was used to (1) assess the elemental composition of native soils and alluvial mud across impacted riparian areas; and 2) predict fertility properties of the mud and soils that are crucial for environmental rehabilitation and vegetation establishment (e.g., pH, available macro and micronutrients, cation exchange capacity, organic matter). Native soils and alluvial mud were sampled across impacted areas and analyzed via pXRF and conventional laboratory methods. Random forest (RF) regression was used to predict fertility properties using pXRF data for pooled soil and alluvial mud samples. Mud and native surrounding soils were clearly differentiated based on chemical properties determined via pXRF (mainly SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, and MnO). The pXRF data and RF models successfully predicted pH for pooled samples (R2 = 0.80). Moderate predictions were obtained for soil organic matter (R2 = 0.53) and cation exchange capacity (R2 = 0.54). Considering the extent of impacted area and efforts required for successful environmental rehabilitation, the pXRF spectrometer showed great potential for screening impacted areas. It can assess total elemental composition, differentiate alluvial mud from native soils, and reasonably predict related fertility properties in pooled heterogeneous substrates (native soil + mud + river sediments).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel W D Ferreira
- Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Doutor Sylvio Menicucci Avenue, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil.
- Savannah River Ecology, University of Georgia, P O Drawer E, SC, Aiken, 29802, USA.
| | - Bruno T Ribeiro
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Doutor Sylvio Menicucci Avenue, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Bayer Plant Science Building, Room 211A, 2911 15th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - David C Weindorf
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Bayer Plant Science Building, Room 211A, 2911 15th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Barbara I Teixeira
- Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Doutor Sylvio Menicucci Avenue, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Somsubhra Chakraborty
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Experimental Statistics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70802, USA
| | - Luiz Roberto G Guilherme
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Doutor Sylvio Menicucci Avenue, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - José Roberto S Scolforo
- Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Doutor Sylvio Menicucci Avenue, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Almeida VOD, Pereira TCB, Teodoro LDS, Escobar M, Ordovás CJ, Dos Santos KB, Weiler J, Bogo MR, Schneider IAH. On the effects of iron ore tailings micro/nanoparticles in embryonic and larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 759:143456. [PMID: 33218813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron ore tailings (IOT) represent a major problem in the mining industry worldwide due to large volumes of waste disposed in mine sites. IOT are exposed to the environment and subjected to wind and water dispersion, even under non-catastrophic scenarios as dam collapses, and the effects of these particles to the biota are still mostly unknown. This work aimed to prepare and to characterize a suspension containing the finest (micro/nano range) particles of IOT and to evaluate its effects on development and behavior of zebrafish (Danio rerio), at both embryonic and larval stages. IOT suspension comprised 37 mg L-1 of a multi-mineral material mainly composed by hematite and quartz, in a size-range of 33-1400 nm. Regarding in vivo toxicological assays, no robust alterations were recorded in functional, morphological and behavioral end-points analyzed, although a significant adhesion of IOT particles on zebrafish chorion was observed, without a prejudice of embryo hatching. Under applied conditions, iron ore particles did not present harmful effects to the initial stages of zebrafish development, and the particle size range and potential interactions with SiO2 content might be behind such effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Otacílio de Almeida
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Mineral e Ambiental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Minas, Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP: 91.501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Talita Carneiro Brandão Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90.619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90.619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lilian de Souza Teodoro
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90.619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90.619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Manuella Escobar
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90.619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Junqueira Ordovás
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90.619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Batista Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Mineral e Ambiental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Minas, Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP: 91.501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Weiler
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Mineral e Ambiental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Minas, Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP: 91.501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maurício Reis Bogo
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90.619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90.619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6690, CEP: 90.610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ivo André Homrich Schneider
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Mineral e Ambiental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Minas, Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP: 91.501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Aschner M, Paoliello MMB, Tsatsakis A, Bowman AB, Dorea JG, Hartung T, Domingo JL, Barbosa F. Social injustice in environmental health: A call for fortitude. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110675. [PMID: 33373610 PMCID: PMC7946715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this short paper is to call upon the scientific community to channel its attention to the duty and heedfulness of social justice issues. While recognized for decades the impact of social injustice on public health and its disproportionate effects on poorer communities, little has been done to systematically address it. Here, we provide several examples pertinent to the health outcomes associated with social injustice and call upon the scientific community to attend to the issue and antagonize those who attempt to subvert science and its role in ensuring social justice in health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA.
| | - Monica M B Paoliello
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jose G Dorea
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, DF, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jose L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Analítica e de Sistemas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Coimbra KTO, Alcântara E, de Souza Filho CR. Satellite evidence for pervasive water eutrophication in the Doce River reservoirs following the collapse of the Fundao dam in Brazil ☆. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116014. [PMID: 33189446 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the worst socio-environmental disasters to mark the history of Brazil and the world occurred in November 2015 and involved the mining sector. The collapse of the Fundao dam released approximately 43 million m³ of iron ore tailings, which moved downstream to reach the Doce River. This resulted in the contamination of water, soil, and sediments along the entire course of the river, which also affected its mouth in the Atlantic Ocean. Four years after the disaster, several socio-environmental problems continue to persist in the affected areas. In this context, the reservoirs built along the Doce River deserve special attention as they are artificial environments that are highly vulnerable to changes in water parameters. This study aims to determine water quality indicators of these reservoirs using remote sensing data and image processing methods, including semi-analytical algorithms, to comprehend the progress of eutrophication processes. Operational land imager/Landsat-8 data (from 2013 to 2019) were used to map the suspended particulate matter (SPM), euphotic zone (Zeu) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) before and after the collapse. The results showed significant changes in SPM and Zeu in the reservoirs after the collapse. Non-conformity of these parameters is observed even now, and they tend to intensify during rainy periods when resuspension processes of sediments occur. Moreover, there has been an increase in the eutrophication of reservoirs as noticed by the significant increase in Chl-a after the disaster, especially in January, July, and August.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Enner Alcântara
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Sao Jose Dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
71
|
Nascimento FDS, Toledo AMO, Pimenta MDP, Resende CFD, Peixoto PHP, Zimerer A, Lopes JFS. Does mining waste concentration in the soil interfere with leaf selection by
Acromyrmex subterraneus
(Formicidae)? Biotropica 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe dos Santos Nascimento
- MirmecoLab Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora Brazil
| | - Antônio Marcos Oliveira Toledo
- MirmecoLab Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora Brazil
| | - Maria de Paula Pimenta
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Cristiano Ferrara de Resende
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Pereira Peixoto
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Arthur Zimerer
- Graduação em Física Universidade Federal de Viçosa Viçosa Brazil
| | - Juliane Floriano Santos Lopes
- MirmecoLab Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Dos Santos Vergilio C, Lacerda D, da Silva Souza T, de Oliveira BCV, Fioresi VS, de Souza VV, da Rocha Rodrigues G, de Araujo Moreira Barbosa MK, Sartori E, Rangel TP, de Almeida DQR, de Almeida MG, Thompson F, de Rezende CE. Immediate and long-term impacts of one of the worst mining tailing dam failure worldwide (Bento Rodrigues, Minas Gerais, Brazil). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143697. [PMID: 33307494 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rupture of Fundão Dam is considered one of the largest environmental disasters in Brazilian history and one of the largest in the world involving tailings dams. The present study analyzed the changes in metal concentrations in the dissolved, suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediment in the period just after (15 days) and six months after the dam rupture, together with the biological and cytogenotoxic effects, from the collapse site until the Doce River mouth in the Atlantic Ocean. After the dam rupture, the tailings were mainly transported as SPM. After six months, with the deposition, there was a decrease in metal concentrations in dissolved and SPM and increased levels were observed in the sediment. Cr, Ni, Cd and Hg levels in sediment were higher than the threshold effects level (TEL/NOAA), especially six months after the dam rupture. The water induced immediate negative biological effects at different levels of the trophic chain, together with Al, Fe, Mn and Zn accumulation in fish muscle. Both water and sediment also showed cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects. These data demonstrate the importance of long-term monitoring with abiotic and biotic parameters to clarify the impacts of mining tailings and can help to direct future monitoring programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Dos Santos Vergilio
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo CEP: 29.500-000, Brazil.
| | - Diego Lacerda
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Tatiana da Silva Souza
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo CEP: 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Braulio Cherene Vaz de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Sartori Fioresi
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo CEP: 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Victor Ventura de Souza
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo CEP: 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Giovana da Rocha Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo CEP: 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Marjore Kinaip de Araujo Moreira Barbosa
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo CEP: 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Echily Sartori
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Thiago Pessanha Rangel
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Diogo Quitete Ribeiro de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gomes de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Thompson
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Anexo ao bloco A, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 219.449-70, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo de Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 28.013-602, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Buch AC, Niemeyer JC, Marques ED, Silva-Filho EV. Ecological risk assessment of trace metals in soils affected by mine tailings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123852. [PMID: 33264928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental impacts caused by mine dam ruptures or inappropriate tailing depositions represent a global concern. An ecological risk assessment was performed in 18 areas affected by the collapse of a major mining dam in southeastern Brazil, in two monitoring periods (2015 and 2018). In these areas, pedogeochemical surveys, and ecological risk levels were determinate. In addition, ecotoxicological assays with Proisotoma minuta (Collembola) were carried out in laboratory. Soil screening values indicated that all contaminated areas were above regional reference values for soil quality for at least one metal (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn), likewise exceeding threshold values for potential ecological and human health risks. In two monitoring years, significant ecotoxicity in the avoidance and reproduction of P. minuta (> 60 % and >80 %, respectively) were evidenced in most soils; and lethal responses in some areas like Córrego Novo, Governador Valadares and Tumiritinga. Results suggest changes in soil physical-chemical properties due to tailing deposition, thus affecting soil dwellers. This study can elucidate the use of appropriate tools to ecological risk assessments, helping to identify the priority areas for defining remediation and monitoring strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristhy Buch
- Postgraduate Environmental Geochemistry Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Júlia Carina Niemeyer
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Center of Curitibanos, Rod. Ulysses Gabordi, Km 3, 89520-000, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Duarte Marques
- Researcher of Company of Research of Mineral Resources (CPRM) - Service Geological Survey of Brazil, Av. Brasil, 1731, Funcionários, 30140-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho
- Postgraduate Environmental Geochemistry Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Duarte EB, Neves MA, de Oliveira FB, Martins ME, de Oliveira CHR, Burak DL, Orlando MTD, Rangel CVGT. Trace metals in Rio Doce sediments before and after the collapse of the Fundão iron ore tailing dam, Southeastern Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127879. [PMID: 32781334 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The collapse of the Fundão Dam, in Southeastern Brazil, caused about 50 million m³ of iron ore tailings to sluice down the mountain to Rio Doce, in what is considered the greatest environmental disaster in Brazilian history. The fluvial system received an intense and sudden mudflow that was transported for more than 650 km, before reaching the Atlantic Ocean. Because the area was already impacted by the mineral activities in the region, it becomes essential to evaluate the environmental conditions before the disaster to correctly assess the disaster real damage. This study compares the concentration of trace metals in the sediments of the Rio Doce alluvial plain, before and after the dam collapse, as well as the newly deposited iron ore tailings that became part of the sedimentary framework. The data indicate that the fine particles deposited have since been incorporated into the sandy river sediments. The cadmium and arsenic contents in the sediments increased to levels above the National Environment Council thresholds. The comparison between the levels of trace metals in the situations before and after disaster shows that the mining mud is the source of cadmium while the arsenic was present before the environmental disaster, and its concentration increased due to sediment remobilization. The iron ore tailings deposited on the alluvial sediments also affected the physical parameters since the formed ferruginous crusts waterproofed the ground surface and may, gradually, release toxic metals when exposed to weathering and river reworking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Baudson Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroquímica, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n-Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
| | - Mirna Aparecida Neves
- Departamento de Geologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n-Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Benda de Oliveira
- Departamento de Geologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n-Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Marx Engel Martins
- Departamento de Geologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n-Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Lang Burak
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n-Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Marcos Tadeu D'Azeredo Orlando
- Departamento de Física e Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514 - Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Caio Vinícius Gabrig Turbay Rangel
- Centro de Formação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Rodovia Joel Mares, BR 367 - km 10, 45810-000, Porto Seguro, BA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Esteves GDF, Bressanin LA, de Souza KRD, da Silva AB, Mantovani JR, Marques DM, Magalhães PC, Pasqual M, de Souza TC. Do tailings from the Mariana, MG (Brazil), disaster affect the initial development of millet, maize, and sorghum? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:38662-38673. [PMID: 32632689 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The collapse of the Fundão dam in Mariana, MG, in 2015 resulted in the overflow of more than 50 million m3 of mud containing mine tailings, leaving a path of destruction and immeasurable social and environmental consequences. Tailings' chemical and physical assessments revealed the presence of some elements at levels higher than those allowed by Brazilian guidelines. The tailings also showed high density, which restricts vegetation recovery. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effects of mud containing mine tailings from the Fundão dam on the germination and initial growth and development of three plant species: millet, maize, and sorghum. These species were cultivated on substrates with five tailings proportions: 0 T (100% sand), 25 T (25% tailings + 75% sand); 50 T (50% tailings + 50% sand); 75 T (75% tailings + 25% sand); and 100 T (100% tailings). In experiment I, the germination and initial growth of seedlings (plants with 1 or none fully expanded leaf) in these substrates were evaluated. In experiment II, growth parameters, photosynthetic efficiency (gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence), metal accumulation, and plant root morphology of the same species were evaluated at the three fully expanded leaves vegetative stage (V3). Overall, the germination of seedlings and the initial growth of the three species analyzed were not affected by the presence of tailings. However, in plants at the V3 stage, morphophysiology variations differed among species, given that their growth, biomass accumulation, and root dynamics were altered. Proportions of tailings in the substrate did not influence the absorption of iron or manganese by the studied plants. At the V3 stage, maize was the most tolerant, with a more robust root system, and showed fewer morphological changes and greater water use efficiency than the other studied species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisele de Fátima Esteves
- Institute of Nature Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Leticia Aparecida Bressanin
- Institute of Nature Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Kamila Rezende Dázio de Souza
- Institute of Nature Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriano Bortolotti da Silva
- Section of Agricultural Sciences, University José do Rosário Vellano - UNIFENAS, Rod MG 39 Km 0, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil
| | - José Ricardo Mantovani
- Section of Agricultural Sciences, University José do Rosário Vellano - UNIFENAS, Rod MG 39 Km 0, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maria Marques
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, Federal University of Lavras - UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Magalhães
- Maize and Sorghum National Research Center, P. O. Box 151, Sete Lagoas, MG, 35701-970, Brazil
| | - Moacir Pasqual
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, Federal University of Lavras - UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago Corrêa de Souza
- Institute of Nature Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Gabriel FÂ, Hauser-Davis RA, Soares L, Mazzuco ACA, Rocha RCC, Saint Pierre TD, Saggioro E, Correia FV, Ferreira TO, Bernardino AF. Contamination and oxidative stress biomarkers in estuarine fish following a mine tailing disaster. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10266. [PMID: 33194429 PMCID: PMC7602685 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Rio Doce estuary, in Brazil, was impacted by the deposition of iron mine tailings, caused by the collapse of a dam in 2015. Based on published baseline datasets, the estuary has been experiencing chronic trace metal contamination effects since 2017, with potential bioaccumulation in fishes and human health risks. As metal and metalloid concentrations in aquatic ecosystems pose severe threats to the aquatic biota, we hypothesized that the trace metals in estuarine sediments nearly two years after the disaster would lead to bioaccumulation in demersal fishes and result in the biosynthesis of metal-responsive proteins. METHODS We measured As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Se and Zn concentrations in sediment samples in August 2017 and compared to published baseline levels. Also, trace metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, Se and Zn) and protein (metallothionein and reduced glutathione) concentrations were quantified in the liver and muscle tissues of five fish species (Cathorops spixii, Genidens genidens, Eugerres brasilianus, Diapterus rhombeus and Mugil sp.) from the estuary, commonly used as food sources by local populations. RESULTS Our results revealed high trace metal concentrations in estuarine sediments, when compared to published baseline values for the same estuary. The demersal fish species C. spixii and G. genidens had the highest concentrations of As, Cr, Mn, Hg, and Se in both, hepatic and muscle, tissues. Trace metal bioaccumulation in fish was correlated with the biosynthesis of metallothionein and reduced glutathione in both, liver and muscle, tissues, suggesting active physiological responses to contamination sources. The trace metal concentrations determined in fish tissues were also present in the estuarine sediments at the time of this study. Some elements had concentrations above the maximum permissible limits for human consumption in fish muscles (e.g., As, Cr, Mn, Se and Zn), suggesting potential human health risks that require further studies. Our study supports the high biogeochemical mobility of toxic elements between sediments and the bottom-dwelling biota in estuarine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Â. Gabriel
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
| | | | - Lorena Soares
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Ana Carolina A. Mazzuco
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
| | | | - Tatiana D. Saint Pierre
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Enrico Saggioro
- Departamento de Saneamento e Saúde Ambiental, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Fabio Verissimo Correia
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Tiago O. Ferreira
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Angelo F. Bernardino
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Viana LMDS, Pestana IA, Carvalho CEVD, Salomão MSMDB. Doce River Estuary: Geochemical Changes Following the Largest Tailing Spill in South America. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 79:343-353. [PMID: 33057758 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Accidents involving economic activities of great impact, such as mining, have caused massive environmental damage. In November 2015, the dam of Fundão, located in the city of Mariana, MG, broke and released 5 × 107 m3 of tailings in the nearby ecosystems, including the Doce River. The physicochemical changes that occurred in the Doce River estuary were analyzed, as well as the trace metal concentrations, both 1 day before and 1 month after the disaster. The analyses of the collected samples (water and sediment) showed changes to the physicochemistry regarding dissolved oxygen, SPM, and temperature (p = 0.008, 0.001, 0.036, respectively). It also detected metals (Fe and Al) in the dissolved fraction beyond the limits recommended by the Brazilian legislation. There was an increase in the total concentrations of Fe and Cd in the sediment after the rupture of the dam and a change in mobile metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn), with higher concentrations of mobile metals being found closer to the ocean (p = 0.06356). After the rupture of the dam, there was a change in the granulometric fraction of the sediment, which became composed mainly of silt and clay. All of the results showed a change on the Doce River estuary, caused by the arrival of the tailings, which can result in future harmful effects with the release of metals present in the sediment and adsorbed to the particles. The changes to the sediment, such as changes in the granulometric fraction, can have negative consequences for the benthic community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Maria de Souza Viana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Inácio Abreu Pestana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Veiga de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Marcos Sarmet Moreira de Barros Salomão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Fernandes LFL, Paiva TRM, Longhini CM, Pereira JB, Ghisolfi RD, Lázaro GCS, Demoner LE, Laino PDS, Conceição LRD, Sá F, Neto RR, Dias Junior C, Lemos KDN, Quaresma VDS, Oliveira KS, Grilo CF, Rocha GM. Marine zooplankton dynamics after a major mining dam rupture in the Doce River, southeastern Brazil: Rapid response to a changing environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 736:139621. [PMID: 32485382 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zooplankton were sampled five days after the tailings from the Samarco dam rupture reached the ocean in the coastal region at the mouth of the Doce River. This was one of the largest environmental disasters in Brazilian history, and the impacts on the marine biota are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the zooplankton community short term responses to the metal enrichment after the tailings reached the coastal region in different scenarios. Our results showed an acute impact on the zooplankton community, which peaked in abundance (222,958.60 ind/m3) and decreased in diversity (H' = 1.23) near the river mouth. Two copepod species, Parvocalanus sp. and Oithona nana, composed up to 61% of the total abundance and they were correlated with concentrations of Fe, Pb, Cu and Zn in particulate fraction. These species feed opportunistically on nanophytoplankton, which dominated the autotroph community, possibly in response to the iron enrichment caused by the mud flow. A shift on zooplankton species composition was also observed. During the first three days, we found the presence of oceanic species in the 20 and 30 m isobaths during an incomplete upwelling event, which directly correlated with the presence of Calanoides carinatus. However, only three days later, following a cold front passage and consequent increase of water turbidity, those species were already absent, and the zooplankton community was significantly altered (PERMANOVA, df = 1, pseudo-F = 9.2247, p = .001). Zooplankton responded quickly to the environmental changes detected during our sampling period and proved to be key factors in costal monitoring, especially in dynamic oceanographic areas such as the Doce River coastal region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Fernando Loureiro Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Tayná Rosa Martins Paiva
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Cybelle Menolli Longhini
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Juliano Bicalho Pereira
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Renato David Ghisolfi
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Georgette Cristina Salvador Lázaro
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Lilian Elisa Demoner
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Pedro de Souza Laino
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Laura Rodrigues da Conceição
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Fabian Sá
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Renato Rodrigues Neto
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Camilo Dias Junior
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Kássia do Nascimento Lemos
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Valéria da Silva Quaresma
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Kyssyanne Samihra Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Fiório Grilo
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Martins Rocha
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Macêdo AKS, Santos KPED, Brighenti LS, Windmöller CC, Barbosa FAR, Ribeiro RIMDA, Santos HBD, Thomé RG. Histological and molecular changes in gill and liver of fish (Astyanax lacustris Lütken, 1875) exposed to water from the Doce basin after the rupture of a mining tailings dam in Mariana, MG, Brazil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 735:139505. [PMID: 32480153 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the rupture of a mining tailings dam were investigated using the gills and liver of Astyanax lacustris as a proxy for environmental quality. The fish were exposed for seven days to water sampled forming four groups: upstream of the dam rupture (P1), and 22 km (P2); 48 km (P3); and 70 km (P4) downstream from the dam rupture in the Doce River basin. The control group received dechlorinated tap water. The dissolved concentrations of metals were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). We evaluated the histology of the gills and liver, as well as, immunohistochemistry for HSP70 and Na+/K+ ATPase (NKA) in the gills, and for P-gp in liver. In all sites we observed a mix of metals, with higher concentrations of Mn, Cd, As, and Cu/Cr in P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively. All treatments groups showed histological changes in gills and liver, with the highest amount of these alterations found in the P2 group. Disorganization of the secondary lamellae, epithelial lifting, and mitochondria-rich cells (MRC) were observed in the gills. The parenchyma of the liver was rather disorganized, and hepatocytes and nuclei showed hypertrophy, vacuolization and cytoplasmic degeneration. A higher immunoreaction of HSP70 in P2 when compared with the other groups and lower labeling of HSP70 in the P4 was registered. In P2 and P3, NKA-positive cells were observed with hypertrophy and disorganization. Morphometric analyses of the liver revealed that all treatment groups presented a lower immunolabeling of P-gp when compared with the control group. Thus, the experimental approach revealed that the water from Doce basin can promote histological alterations in fish's liver and gills, as well as modulation of disruption of ionic balance, cellular responses to stress, and cell detoxification pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Kelvin Saraiva Macêdo
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Keiza Priscila Enes Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Silva Brighenti
- Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Unidade Divinópolis, Av. Paraná, 3001, 35501-170 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Biológicas ICB, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Carvalhinho Windmöller
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento de Química, ICEX, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Francisco Antônio Rodrigues Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Biológicas ICB, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Hélio Batista Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ralph Gruppi Thomé
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Scotti MR, Gomes AR, Lacerda TJ, Ávila SS, Silva SL, Antão A, Santos AG, Medeiros MB, Alvarenga S, Santos CH, Rigobelo EC. Remediation of a Riparian Site in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Reached by Contaminated Tailings from the Collapsed Fundão Dam with Native Woody Species. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2020; 16:669-675. [PMID: 32196962 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The failure of the Fundão dam in Brazil spilled alkaline contaminated sediments (pH ~8) into the Doce River basin. The contaminated sediments had high levels of ether amine (6 mg/kg) and Na (54 mg/kg) in relation to those in preserved sites. In the present study, a riparian forest was established over contaminated sediment using 2 main remediation strategies: phytoremediation with species native to the Atlantic forest and previously selected for their tolerance to sediment toxicity, and physicochemical remediation by incorporating organic matter (OM) into the sediment. In the experimental site (ES), the tolerant native woody species were cultivated in 2 treatments: T1, scraping of the sediments and incorporation of the OM, and T2, nonmanaged sediment and superficial deposition of the OM. The results were compared with the findings from a degraded site (DS), which was reached by the contaminated sediments but lacked vegetation, and a preserved site (PS), which was composed of a fragment of preserved Atlantic forest. Six months after transplanting, the plants from T1 showed a better height growth performance and survival index in relation to those from T2. Furthermore, T1 showed a significant decline in the pH (to ~6) concomitant with a reduction in the ether amine and Na contents (to ~0.4 mg/kg and 23 mg/kg, respectively). There was an improvement in the soil fertility and total microbial biomass in both treatments, especially in T1. Therefore, the adopted phyto- and physicochemical remediation procedures are recommended to reclaim zones reached by dam tailings containing Na and ether amine. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:669-675. © 2020 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Scotti
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alessandra R Gomes
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tomás J Lacerda
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stefânia S Ávila
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Samuel Ll Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Arthur Antão
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Amanda Gp Santos
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mirelli B Medeiros
- Escola de Arquitetura/UFMG Programa Pos Graduação em Ambiente Construido e Patrimônio Sustentável, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stael Alvarenga
- Escola de Arquitetura/UFMG Programa Pos Graduação em Ambiente Construido e Patrimônio Sustentável, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Santos
- Departamento Produção Vegetal, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP) Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Everlon C Rigobelo
- Escola de Arquitetura/UFMG Programa Pos Graduação em Ambiente Construido e Patrimônio Sustentável, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Ferreira FF, de Freitas MBD, Szinwelski N, Vicente N, Medeiros LCC, Schaefer CEGR, Dergam JA, Sperber CF. Impacts of the Samarco Tailing Dam Collapse on Metals and Arsenic Concentration in Freshwater Fish Muscle from Doce River, Southeastern Brazil. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2020; 16:622-630. [PMID: 32470204 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On November 2015, Samarco tailings dam in Mariana, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collapsed, releasing 62 million tons of tailings that advanced through 668 km of the Doce River and adjacent floodplain. Although the collapse was the worst environmental disaster in Brazil, little is known about its consequences to aquatic biota. Here we evaluate the effects of the tailings mudflow on metal and As concentration in fish and how concentration correlates with water and fish characteristics. We quantified semitotal amounts of Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in fish muscle tissue using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 255 individuals (34 species) sampled in unaffected and affected areas along the Doce River basin. Arsenic and Hg were higher in fish from affected sites, likely due to turbulent mixing of previously sedimented material by the giant tailings wave. Silver and Zn concentrations were higher in unaffected sites. Arsenic concentration in Geophagus brasiliensis decreased with increasing fish weight. Copper and Zn decreased with increasing fish weight considering the whole assembly of fish. The tailings mudflow increased water conductivity, and conductivity increased Al concentration in fish, so we expected a larger Al concentration in fishes from affected sites. However, the observed Al concentration in fishes from affected sites was lower than expected by water conductivity. Thus, the tailings mudflow reduced Al uptake or accumulation in fishes. Mercury decreased with increasing water conductivity in both unaffected and affected sites considering all species and in G. brasiliensis alone. Despite the relatively low concentration range of metals and As found in fish, fishes from sites affected by the Fe ore tailings mudflow showed higher As and Hg concentration, compared to fishes from unaffected sites. The higher As and Hg in affected sites require further detailed monitoring to ensure safeguards of human health by fishing activity along the Doce River. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:622-630. © 2020 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Neucir Szinwelski
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Natállia Vicente
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jorge Abdala Dergam
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Frankl Sperber
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Coelho DG, Marinato CS, de Matos LP, de Andrade HM, da Silva VM, Neves PHS, de Oliveira JA. Evaluation of Metals in Soil and Tissues of Economic-Interest Plants Grown in Sites Affected by the Fundão Dam Failure in Mariana, Brazil. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2020; 16:596-607. [PMID: 32077580 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration of potentially toxic elements in Brachiaria decumbens, Stylosanthes guianensis, and Saccharum officinarum plants and soil samples in affected and unaffected areas by rupture of the Fundão dam, Brazil. Samples were collected in areas affected by residues from the Fundão dam (RAA1, RAA2, RAA3) and in an unaffected area (control). The material was analyzed for the composition of micronutrients and trace elements in soil and plants, as well as contamination factor (CF), accumulation factor, and translocation factor (TF). Overall, the results showed that soil and plant tissues had increased Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr content and decreased Zn content in the affected areas, compared to the control. Leaves and roots of B. decumbens showed an increase in Fe content in affected areas, compared to the control, reaching a mean maximum value of 42 958 µg/g of roots of RAA2-collected plants. As a result, CF for Fe of B. decumbens was classified as very high and they presented low TF values. Furthermore, B. decumbens collected in affected areas showed an increase of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr in leaves, stems, and roots, whereas in Stylosanthes guianensis, there was an increase of Fe concentration in all tissues and Cr in leaves. Also, Saccharum officinarum showed the accumulation of Mn in the stem and Cu in leaves and stem. On the other hand, there was no contamination of plants by hazardous elements such as Pb, Cd, and As in the samples analyzed. In conclusion, increases in the content of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr were found in soil and several plant tissues of residue-affected areas, which could compromise plant growth and represent potential hazards arising from the biomagnification process in the food chain. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:596-607. © 2020 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gomes Coelho
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Claudio Sergio Marinato
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia Paiva de Matos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Monteiro de Andrade
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Melo da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Santos Neves
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juraci Alves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Coimbra KTO, Alcântara E, de Souza Filho CR. Possible contamination of the Abrolhos reefs by Fundao dam tailings, Brazil - New constraints based on satellite data. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 733:138101. [PMID: 32446043 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Fundão dam, located in Mariana city, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil, collapsed in November 2015, causing the discharge of over 50 million m3 of iron ore tailings in the Doce river basin. The mud generated by the disaster was composed of fine particulates (silt and clay), which are more sensitive to wind dispersion. Based on laboratory analyses and hydrodynamic modeling, early research postulates the hypothesis that the mud discharged in the ocean traveled 10,000 km up north and may have reached the Abrolhos coral reefs. This research aims to investigate further this hypothesis based on broad-scale remotely sensed data. Satellite images were used to estimate the suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the coastal zone before, during, and after the dam collapse. Results indicate that higher concentrations of SPM appeared during and post-collapse and were restricted to the coastal zone and its shallower regions, including beaches. However, we demonstrate that under exceptional circumstances the wind blew to the north, carrying fine particulate material and potentially-toxic metals derived from the iron ore tailings towards the northeastern Brazilian coastline and possibly the reefs of the Abrolhos Bank.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Enner Alcântara
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
da Cunha Richard E, de Aguiar Duarte H, Calderucio Duque Estrada G, Bechtold JP, Gusso Maioli B, Araujo de Freitas AH, Elizabeth Warner K, Melges Figueiredo LH. Influence of Fundão Tailings Dam Breach on Water Quality in the Doce River Watershed. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2020; 16:583-595. [PMID: 32648998 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Fundão dam (Minas Gerais, Brazil) breach resulted in the transport and deposition of Fe mine tailings and debris for approximately 670 km along the Doce River watershed. Following the event, an extensive water quality monitoring program was implemented. The results generated by this program were used to assess the temporal and spatial impacts of the event on water quality. Data from several sampling sites situated along affected watercourses collected from 6 November 2015 to 27 September 2017 were evaluated. The sampling area was grouped into 4 zones delineated by hydropower plant dams located along the Doce River watershed and divided into 5 distinct time periods related to hydrological seasonality. Data were also compared to the Brazilian standards of water quality and available pre-event conditions. Principal component analysis followed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were performed to evaluate the observed temporal and spatial trends and patterns. The results indicated that concentrations of 58 water quality parameters increased with the arrival of the tailings wave released by the breach, generally exceeding pre-event and regulatory levels. Persistent or seasonally recurring concentrations were observed for 30 water quality parameters. Concentrations of total and dissolved forms of Fe, Al, Mn, total P, total suspended solids, and turbidity tended to increase during the wet season and decrease during the dry season, this trend being more pronounced close to the dam. The water quality changes were more pronounced immediately after the arrival of the tailings wave, gradually decreasing over time and returning prebreach conditions, but fluctuated seasonally in response to the natural variation in river flow. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:583-595. © 2020 SETAC.
Collapse
|
85
|
Figueiredo MD, Lameiras FS, Ardisson JD, Araujo MH, Teixeira APDC. Tailings from Fundão Tragedy: Physical-Chemical Properties of the Material That Remains by Candonga Dam. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2020; 16:636-642. [PMID: 31743580 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, samples of Fe mining tailings from the collapsed Fundão Dam, Brazil, which were retained by the Candonga hydroelectric power plant, were characterized by various techniques. Quartz, hematite, kaolinite, and goethite were identified as the main phases present. The composition, homogeneity, and relatively low (~1%) organic matter content indicate potential for usage of these tailings in civil constructions. The next step of this work is to investigate such applications. If their feasibility is confirmed, the goal is to use this material for construction in the areas affected by the Fundão Dam rupture. This use will lead to positive socio-environmental impacts in these regions, where tailings still need to be removed and damaged infrastructure needs to be repaired. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:636-642. © 2019 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Duarte Figueiredo
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Helena Araujo
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Giongo A, dos Anjos Borges LG, Marconatto L, de Lara Palhano P, Serbent MP, Moreira-Silva E, de Abreu Siqueira T, Martinho CT, Barili R, Paz LV, Moser LI, De Marco Veríssimo C, Ketzer JMM, Medina-Silva R. Adaption of microbial communities to the hostile environment in the Doce River after the collapse of two iron ore tailing dams. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04778. [PMID: 32923720 PMCID: PMC7475130 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In November 2015, two iron ore tailing dams collapsed in the city of Mariana, Brazil. The dams' collapse generated a wave of approximately 50 million m3 of a mixture of mining waste and water. It was a major environmental tragedy in Brazilian history, which damaged rivers, and cities 660 km away in the Doce River basin until it reached the ocean coast. Shortly after the incident, several reports informed that the concentration of metals in the water was above acceptable legal limits under Brazilian laws. Here the microbial communities in samples of water, mud, foam, and rhizosphere of Eichhornia from Doce River were analyzed for 16S and 18S rRNA-based amplicon sequencing, along with microbial isolation, chemical and mineralogical analyses. Samples were collected one month and thirteen months after the collapse. Prokaryotic communities from mud shifted drastically over time (33% Bray-Curtis similarity), while water samples were more similar (63% Bray-Curtis similarity) in the same period. After 12 months, mud samples remained with high levels of heavy metals and a reduction in the diversity of microeukaryotes was detected. Amoebozoans increased in mud samples, reaching 49% of microeukaryote abundance, with Discosea and Lobosa groups being the most abundant. The microbial communities’ structure in mud samples changed adapting to the new environment condition. The characterization of microbial communities and metal-tolerant organisms from such impacted environments is essential for understanding the ecological consequences of massive anthropogenic impacts and strategies for the restoration of contaminated sites such as the Doce River.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Giongo
- Geobiology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Environmental Engineering Graduate Program, Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges
- Geobiology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia Marconatto
- Geobiology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pâmela de Lara Palhano
- Geobiology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Pilar Serbent
- Environmental Engineering Graduate Program, Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Blumenau, Brazil
- Sanitary Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Sanitary Engineering, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Ibirama, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Moreira-Silva
- Geobiology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tiago de Abreu Siqueira
- Geochemical Analyses Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Thais Martinho
- Sedimentology and Petrology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rosalia Barili
- Sedimentology and Petrology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisiê Valéria Paz
- Geobiology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia Isabela Moser
- Geochemical Analyses Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina De Marco Veríssimo
- Laboratory of Parasite Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Medina-Silva
- Geobiology Laboratory, Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Teixeira MC, Santos AC, Fernandes CS, Ng JC. Arsenic contamination assessment in Brazil - Past, present and future concerns: A historical and critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:138217. [PMID: 32422455 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a summary of some relevant documents published during the last decades regarding arsenic contamination in Brazil until December 2018, including scientific papers, reports and regulatory documents. Natural and anthropogenic arsenic sources were covered, excluding those related to agriculture. International "key" documents related to arsenic contamination were used to support the discussion and comparative analysis. This paper aims: (a) to summarize and discuss some available data (including Portuguese written documents) concerning arsenic contamination in Brazil, mainly geographical, geological, geochemical, environmental and health studies; (b) to critically review the published studies comparing their main findings; (c) to describe and compare ancient and recent contamination events; and (d) to highlight key knowledge gaps, and identify promising areas for future researches. The arsenic contamination scenario in Brazil results not only from mining. Natural or anthropogenic emissions caused by great magnitude phenomena as flooding, erosion, landslide and, water scarcity equally impact arsenic mobilization/immobilization equilibria. Our literature review demonstrates that arsenic contamination of soils, sediments and water sources is observed at least at three of the five geographically defined Brazilian regions (Northern, Southern and, Southeastern regions). Arsenic enriched soils, and waters naturally occur all around the country and anthropogenic activities have been the main contributory factor to the environmental contamination since the 18th Century. Geogenic materials (topsoil and mining tailings), and water samples could contain extremely high arsenic concentrations, i.e. 21,000 mg kg-1 or 1,700,000 μg L-1, respectively, have been found mainly at the "Iron Quadrangle". Moreover, if we consider both the Brazilian and international parameters, the health risks associated with the human exposition to arsenic are of significant concern. For those reasons, constant monitoring of As contaminated areas in Brazil is mandatory. Furthermore, it is necessary to learn from the mistakes made in the past in order to prevent or minimize future problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Cristina Teixeira
- Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, UFOP, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Alcylane Caldeira Santos
- Environmental Engineering Graduating Program - ProAmb, Federal University of Ouro Preto, UFOP, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Carla Silva Fernandes
- Environmental Engineering Graduating Program - ProAmb, Federal University of Ouro Preto, UFOP, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Jack Chakmeng Ng
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), the University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Fulke AB, Kotian A, Giripunje MD. Marine Microbial Response to Heavy Metals: Mechanism, Implications and Future Prospect. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:182-197. [PMID: 32596744 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Growing levels of pollution in marine environment has been a matter of serious concern in recent years. Increased levels of heavy metals due to improper waste disposal has led to serious repercussions. This has increased occurrences of heavy metals in marine fauna. Marine microbes are large influencers of nutrient cycling and productivity in oceans. Marine bacteria show altered metabolism as a strategy against metal induced stress. Understanding these strategies used to avoid toxic effects of heavy metals can help in devising novel biotechnological applications for ocean clean-up. Using biological tools for remediation has advantages as it does not involve harmful chemicals and it shows greater flexibility to environmental fluctuations. This review provides a comprehensive insight on marine microbial response to heavy metals and sheds light on existing knowledge about and paves for new avenues in research for bioremediation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhay B Fulke
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Regional Centre, Lokhandwala Road, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400053, India.
| | - Atul Kotian
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Regional Centre, Lokhandwala Road, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400053, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
89
|
|
90
|
Esteves GDF, de Souza KRD, Bressanin LA, Andrade PCC, Veroneze Júnior V, Dos Reis PE, da Silva AB, Mantovani JR, Magalhães PC, Pasqual M, de Souza TC. Vermicompost improves maize, millet and sorghum growth in iron mine tailings. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 264:110468. [PMID: 32250898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Fundão dam was designed to store iron mine tailings in the region of Mariana, MG, Brazil. When it ruptured, the tailings overflowed. These tailings affected the soil due to the formation of a thick crust as a result of drying (compaction) and hindered the natural revegetation process. In this context, the use of organic fertilizers, including vermicompost, is method of reducing the physical limitations on root growth caused by soil properties and changing soil-metal interactions. For this reason, vermicompost was added to iron mine tailings, and its morphological and physiological effects on maize, millet and sorghum plants were studied. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using 6 dm3 pots. The plants were subjected to three treatments: mine tailings, mine tailings + vermicompost, and a reference soil. From the V3 stage onwards, biweekly growth, leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence evaluations were performed. At the end of the experiment, dry biomass and metal, macro- and micronutrient contents were quantified, and the root morphology was evaluated. The tailings created physical limitations on root growth and had low nutrient content as well as high concentrations of chromium, iron and manganese. The addition of vermicompost favored increases in shoot and root dry biomass, increases in root length, volume, surface area and diameter, and the absorption of macro- and micronutrients, which was reflected in the growth of the studied species. In addition, vermicompost led to greater investment in thick and very thick roots, and in general, the plants showed no symptoms of metal toxicity. Considering the characteristics of the studied tailings, it can be concluded that vermicompost favors the growth of plant species and may be a viable method for beginning the recovery process in areas containing iron mine tailings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisele de Fátima Esteves
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Instituto de Ciências da Natureza - ICN, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paula Cristina Castro Andrade
- Universidade José Do Rosário Vellano - UNIFENAS, Setor de Ciências Agrícolas, Rod MG 39 Km 0, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Valdir Veroneze Júnior
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Instituto de Ciências da Natureza - ICN, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ernesto Dos Reis
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Instituto de Ciências da Natureza - ICN, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriano Bortolotti da Silva
- Universidade José Do Rosário Vellano - UNIFENAS, Setor de Ciências Agrícolas, Rod MG 39 Km 0, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - José Ricardo Mantovani
- Universidade José Do Rosário Vellano - UNIFENAS, Setor de Ciências Agrícolas, Rod MG 39 Km 0, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Magalhães
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Milho e Sorgo, P. O. Box 151, 35701-970, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
| | - Moacir Pasqual
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Anatomia de Plantas, CEP: 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago Corrêa de Souza
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Instituto de Ciências da Natureza - ICN, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Rudke AP, Sikora de Souza VA, Santos AMD, Freitas Xavier AC, Rotunno Filho OC, Martins JA. Impact of mining activities on areas of environmental protection in the southwest of the Amazon: A GIS- and remote sensing-based assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 263:110392. [PMID: 32174531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The southwest Brazilian Amazon state of Rondônia has a relatively recent non-indigenous occupation, which subsequently develops a variety of human pressures and conflicts of interest presently identified in the region. Given such framework, it is worthwhile to note that there are 57 Conservation Units that must guarantee the biodiversity protection of Amazonia biome. However, due to the need for electricity and the international high demand for minerals, the highlighted scenario has dramatically changed in recent years. Official data from mining processes in the studied area demonstrated the existence of high interest for minerals, especially cassiterite and gold. Mining is indeed an essential activity for the nation mainly due to the generation of jobs and income. On the other hand, it produces several environmental and social impacts that vary accordingly to the peculiarities of the mining and with respect to the type of ore. Therefore, this research work investigated the concentration of mining projects in the state of Rondônia and complementarily evaluated the impact of such activities on areas of environmental protection. Landsat 8 OLI imageries were employed to map the diversity of land covers across the study area and also to evaluate the corresponding impact of mining activities. More than 500 processes have been identified within the Conservation Units. A significant part of the mining areas, covering about 26 km2, was observed inside one of the three types of evaluated areas (Integral Protection Sustainable Use Conservation Units and Damping Zone), clearly showing the development of the illegal activity, as defined in terms of the National System of Conservation Units. If deforestation is considered in this analysis, the area increases to about 6110 km2, representing more than 5.2% of the Conservation Units. In addition, we proposed the creation of the Mining Pressure Index (MPI), which allows classifying a Conservation Unit by the degree of pressure from mining activities. The proposed index revealed to be very efficient since it predicted high values over Conservation Units where it was expected a greater vulnerability. The index is a promising tool for public policy formulation and management of protected areas, as well as for enforcement action. The results provide a new horizon in terms of the perspective of importance and applicability of geotechnologies in the evaluation of environmental impacts, not restricted to mining activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Paulo Rudke
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Vinicius Alexandre Sikora de Souza
- Civil Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Horácio Macedo Avenue, 2020 - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP:21941-914, Brazil
| | - Alex Mota Dos Santos
- Federal University of Goiás, Mucuri Street, 920, 74968-755, Aparecida de Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Otto Corrêa Rotunno Filho
- Civil Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Horácio Macedo Avenue, 2020 - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP:21941-914, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Martins
- Federal University of Technology - Paraná, Av. Dos Pioneiros, 3131, 86036-370, Londrina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Vergilio CDS, Lacerda D, Oliveira BCVD, Sartori E, Campos GM, Pereira ALDS, Aguiar DBD, Souza TDS, Almeida MGD, Thompson F, Rezende CED. Metal concentrations and biological effects from one of the largest mining disasters in the world (Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil). Sci Rep 2020; 10:5936. [PMID: 32246081 PMCID: PMC7125165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The rupture of the Brumadinho mining tailings dam in Brazil is considered one of the largest mining disasters in the world, resulting in 244 deaths and 26 missing people, in addition to the environmental consequences. The present study aims to evaluate the concentrations of multiple elements and the biological effects on water and sediments of the Paraopeba River after the Brumadinho Dam rupture. The tailings are formed by fine particulate material with large amounts of Fe, Al, Mn, Ti, rare earth metals and toxic metals. In the water, the levels of Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and U were higher than those allowed by Brazilian legislation. In the sediments, Cr, Ni, Cu and Cd levels were higher than the established sediment quality guidelines (TEL-NOAA). The differences in metal concentrations in the water and sediments between the upstream and downstream sides of the dam illustrate the effect of the tailings in the Paraopeba River. Toxicological tests demonstrated that the water and sediments were toxic to different trophic levels, from algae to microcrustaceans and fish. The fish exposed to water and sediments containing mine ore also accumulated metals in muscle tissue. This evaluation emphasizes the necessity of long-term monitoring in the affected area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Dos Santos Vergilio
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29.500-000, Brasil.
| | - Diego Lacerda
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro. Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brasil
| | - Braulio Cherene Vaz de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro. Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brasil
| | - Echily Sartori
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro. Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Munis Campos
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29.500-000, Brasil
| | - Anna Luiza de Souza Pereira
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29.500-000, Brasil
| | - Diego Borges de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29.500-000, Brasil
| | - Tatiana da Silva Souza
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Campus Alegre. Alto Universitário, S/N, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29.500-000, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Gomes de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro. Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brasil
| | - Fabiano Thompson
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, anexo ao bloco A, Rio de Janeiro, 219.449-70, Brasil
| | - Carlos Eduardo de Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro. Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Davila RB, Fontes MPF, Pacheco AA, Ferreira MDS. Heavy metals in iron ore tailings and floodplain soils affected by the Samarco dam collapse in Brazil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136151. [PMID: 31887517 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In November 2015, the Fundão Dam collapsed releasing about 35 million m-3 of iron ore tailings into the environment, which covered approximately 15 km2 of floodplain soils. Four years later, there is still great concern and controversy regarding contamination by heavy metals in the affected areas. Thus, the present study sought to evaluate the heavy metal contents and its distribution in tailings and non-affected soils. Tailings samples were collected in the stretch between Bento Rodrigues and the Candonga hydroelectric plant, in addition to a sample inside the Fundão Dam. Non-affected soils and river sediments from the same region were also collected as a control group. The heavy metal contents in the tailings were lower than in non-affected samples from the same area, discarding the hypothesis of contamination by the tailings mud. The non-affected samples presented high levels of As, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn, with at least one sample exceeding the quality reference values (QRV's) established for Minas Gerais state, which indicated a scenario of pre-disaster contamination for the Doce River watershed. Most of the elements (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, V and Zn) were extracted in the residual fraction of the BCR sequential extraction, presenting low risk of release in nature. The health risk assessment for As estimated that all the non-affected soils and sediments from Gualaxo do Norte, Carmo and Doce rivers have carcinogenic risk higher than the acceptable value for children. From our results, it is more likely to conclude that the deposited tailings are not a time-bomb for heavy metals contamination in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Biscotto Davila
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Paulo Ferreira Fontes
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Almeida Pacheco
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Matheus da Silva Ferreira
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Weber AA, Sales CF, de Souza Faria F, Melo RMC, Bazzoli N, Rizzo E. Effects of metal contamination on liver in two fish species from a highly impacted neotropical river: A case study of the Fundão dam, Brazil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110165. [PMID: 31918258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental disasters such as the rupturing of mine tailings dams are a major concern worldwide. In the present study, we assess the effects of the release of mine waste due to the rupture of the Fundão dam on two native fish species (Hoplias intermedius and Hypostomus affinis) from the Doce River basin. Two sampling sites were chosen: S1, a reference site, and S2, contaminated by mining waste. Water and sediment were collected to evaluate metals concentration. Adult fish were caught to analyse biological parameters, hepatic histopathology, and biomarkers of metal contamination. Compared to site S1, the concentration of manganese was statistically higher in water while lead, nickel, and arsenic were statistically higher in the sediment from site S2, and iron had no significant difference between sites. At site S1, fish of both species presented hepatic tissue with normal architecture. At site S2, hepatic alterations, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis were frequently found in both species. Regarding the histopathological index, higher values were found in both species from site S2. The positive antibody reactions for cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) and metallothionein (MT) were statistically greater in site S2 for both species. The oxidative stress biomarkers, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were statistically higher in H. intermedius from site S2, but only CAT was statistically greater in H. affinis at site S2. These results demonstrate that the release of mineral residues from the rupture of the Samarco mine dam is provoking hepatic damage in the fish from the Doce River besides inducing the expression of proteins and enzymes related to metal contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Alberto Weber
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila Ferreira Sales
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Souza Faria
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Magno Costa Melo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nilo Bazzoli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elizete Rizzo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Cruz FVDS, Gomes MP, Bicalho EM, Della Torre F, Garcia QS. Does Samarco's spilled mud impair the growth of native trees of the Atlantic Rainforest? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:110021. [PMID: 31830604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The failure of the Fundão dam, the largest environmental disaster in the world's mining sector, was responsible for releasing millions of cubic meters of iron ore tailings into the environment. It affected thousands of hectares of the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the biodiversity hotspots for conservation. Considering the urgency to restore the flora of the affected area, we evaluated the effects that iron ore tailings from the Fundão reservoir have on the germination and initial growth of tree species native to the Atlantic Forest in the Rio Doce basin. We demonstrated that the tailings do not affect the seed germination, but do negatively interfere with plant growth. Lower biomass production, height, leaf area, chlorophyll concentration and photosynthesis as well as high concentration of iron was observed in plants grown in the tailings. Thus, we investigated if these deleterious effects were due to the presence of potentially toxic metals or nutritional deficiency imposed by low fertility of the tailings. We concluded that reduced growth was a result of nutritional limitations due to low nutrient availability, low organic matter content and low cation exchange capacity of the tailings. This conclusion was further supported by the application of fertilization, which reversed the deleterious effect of the waste on the growth of plants, assuring physiological levels of iron and nutrients in the shoot. Thus, this strategy should be considered for in situ recovery projects aiming to improve the performance of native plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Vieira da Silva Cruz
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 486, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H, dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, 19031, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Elisa Monteze Bicalho
- Laboratório de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento de Plantas, Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Felipe Della Torre
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 486, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Queila Souza Garcia
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 486, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Dos Reis DA, Nascimento LP, de Abreu AT, Nalini Júnior HA, Roeser HMP, da Fonseca Santiago A. Geochemical evaluation of bottom sediments affected by historic mining and the rupture of the Fundão dam, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4365-4375. [PMID: 31832945 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07119-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The rupture of the Fundão dam released about 39 million m3 of tailings into the Rio Doce/Brazil. The sediment load increase in the affected rivers has become a concern. As such, this article provides recent information about the region. In addition, based on past studies in the region, it shows the magnitude and dynamics of the environmental impacts caused by the rupture of the dam on the bottom sediments. Sediment samples in different seasonal periods were collected at eleven sampling stations located along the Gualaxo do Norte River, the first tributary of the Rio Doce affected by the environmental disaster. These sediments underwent physical, chemical, and granulometric analyses for their organic, metal, and semimetal content. The contamination factor and the enrichment factor of the samples also were calculated. To evaluate the anthropogenic contributions to sediment metal concentrations, reference values (regional background values) for the Gualaxo do Norte River were used. The results indicate that, in the sampling stations not affected by the disaster, the concentrations of the metals and semimetals reflect the geology of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero. However, in the area affected by the environmental disaster, there were changes in the chemical and physical properties of the bottom sediment, mainly in the concentrations of iron, organic matter, and fine sediment fractions. This was reflected in the contamination factors and enrichment factors calculated for the sediments of the sampling stations. Iron and manganese concentrations in sediments are much higher than other rivers in the world that are unaffected by mining activities. The observed changes in the bottom sediments of the river suggest a need for constant monitoring of the iron because the iron oxide minerals present in silt and clay have a high adsorption capacity. In the long term, these factors may contribute to the decrease of the quality of these sediments and consequently of the waters and biota present in these environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyse Almeida Dos Reis
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Laura Pereira Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana Trópia de Abreu
- Department of Geological Engineering, Escola de Minas, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Hermínio Arias Nalini Júnior
- Department of Geological Engineering, Escola de Minas, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Hubert Mathias Peter Roeser
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Escola de Minas, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Aníbal da Fonseca Santiago
- Department of Civil Engineering, Escola de Minas, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Lange CN, Monteiro LR, Freire BM, Franco DF, de Souza RO, dos Reis Ferreira CS, da Silva JJC, Batista BL. Mineral profile exploratory analysis for rice grains traceability. Food Chem 2019; 300:125145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
98
|
Costa GB, Ramlov F, de Ramos B, Koerich G, Gouvea L, Costa PG, Bianchini A, Maraschin M, Horta PA. Physiological damages of Sargassum cymosum and Hypnea pseudomusciformis exposed to trace metals from mining tailing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:36486-36498. [PMID: 31732948 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06691-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The damages of Mariana's mining mud in the physiology of the brown algae Sargassum cymosum and its main epiphytic, the red algae Hypnea pseudomusciformis, were evaluated by controlled essays. Seaweeds were exposed to presence or absence of mud, isolated or in biological association, for 5 and 15 days. Measured parameters were growth rates, biochemical descriptors, and the chemical investigation of concentration and metal profile of the mud dissolved in seawater. Results showed that the highest values for metals were Al > Fe > Mn > Zn in both exposure periods. The mud also affected the growth rate with lethality in both isolated and associative treatments with H. pseudomusciformis after 15 days. According to our redundancy analysis (RDA), the profile and concentration of all metallic elements can induce different physiological responses of the organisms. We were able to observe a higher physiological adaptive ability of S. cymosum against the long-term presence of metals by the synthesis of phenolic compounds, while the deviation of metabolic routes in H. pseudomusciformis can be addressed as the main responsible for its lethality. Moreover, the presence of Hypnea in associative treatments reduces Sargassum's detoxification ability. The present results reinforce the importance of biological interaction studies in a context of physiological resilience against mining mud pollution and mutual influences of species over the individual ability to avoid oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Burle Costa
- Phycology Laboratory, Botany Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ramlov
- Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna de Ramos
- Phycology Laboratory, Botany Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Koerich
- Phycology Laboratory, Botany Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Gouvea
- Phycology Laboratory, Botany Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG, Itália Avenue, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG, Itália Avenue, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Maraschin
- Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Horta
- Phycology Laboratory, Botany Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Bernardino AF, Pais FS, Oliveira LS, Gabriel FA, Ferreira TO, Queiroz HM, Mazzuco ACA. Chronic trace metals effects of mine tailings on estuarine assemblages revealed by environmental DNA. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8042. [PMID: 31720128 PMCID: PMC6842558 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mine tailing disasters have occurred worldwide and contemporary release of tailings of large proportions raise concerns of the chronic impacts that trace metals may have on the aquatic biodiversity. Environmental metabarcoding (eDNA) offers an as yet poorly explored opportunity for biological monitoring of impacted aquatic ecosystems from mine tailings and contaminated sediments. eDNA has been increasingly recognized to be an effective method to detect previously unrecognized small-sized Metazoan taxa, but their ecological responses to environmental pollution has not been assessed by metabarcoding. Here, we evaluated chronic effects of trace metal contamination from sediment eDNA of the Rio Doce estuary, 1.7 years after the Samarco mine tailing disaster, which released over 40 million m3 of iron tailings in the Rio Doce river basin. We identified 123 new sequence variants environmental taxonomic units (eOTUs) of benthic taxa and an assemblage composition dominated by Nematoda, Crustacea and Platyhelminthes; typical of other estuarine ecosystems. We detected environmental filtering on the meiofaunal assemblages and multivariate analysis revealed strong influence of Fe contamination, supporting chronic impacts from mine tailing deposition in the estuary. This was in contrast to environmental filtering of meiofaunal assemblages of non-polluted estuaries. Here, we suggest that the eDNA metabarcoding technique provides an opportunity to fill up biodiversity gaps in coastal marine ecology and may become a valid method for long term monitoring studies in mine tailing disasters and estuarine ecosystems with high trace metals content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo F. Bernardino
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Department of Oceanography, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Fabiano S. Pais
- Instituto René Rachou, FIOCRUZ/Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Louisi S. Oliveira
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Department of Oceanography, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Fabricio A. Gabriel
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Department of Oceanography, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Tiago O. Ferreira
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hermano M. Queiroz
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina A. Mazzuco
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Department of Oceanography, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Gomes LC, Chippari-Gomes AR, Miranda TO, Pereira TM, Merçon J, Davel VC, Barbosa BV, Pereira ACH, Frossard A, Ramos JPL. Genotoxicity effects on Geophagus brasiliensis fish exposed to Doce River water after the environmental disaster in the city of Mariana, MG, Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2019; 79:659-664. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.188086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The Doce River basin has suffered the largest environmental accident ever occurred in Brazil with the influx of tailings from Fundão and Santarém, belonging to Samarco mining company, due to the disaster in Mariana. A spill between 50 and 60 million m3 of tailings was estimated by the company. According to Samarco, the wastewater was composed mainly of clay, silt and heavy metals like iron, copper and manganese. Thereby, the objective of the present study was evaluated the genotoxic damage in juvenile of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy e Gaimard, 1824) exposed to Doce river water before (DRWBA – Doce River water before acident) and after (DRWAA – Doce River water after acident) the influx of tailings from the Germano and Santarém Dam disasters in Mariana, MG, Brazil. For this, 24 individuals of the species G. brasiliensis (obtained on IFES/ALEGRE fish culture) were submitted to a bioassay with three treatments and eight replicates. The treatments were: 1) Control water (water from the urban water supply system, filtered with a 0.45 µm membrane), 2) DRBA and 3) DRAA. After 96 h, these fishes were anesthetized to remove blood for evaluation of genotoxic damage (micronucleus and comet). For the bioassay, a total of 80 L of The Doce River water were collected before the influx of tailings and after the influx and then submitted to metal quantification analysis. Fish exposed to DRWBA and DRWAA treatments showed a significant increase in both the number of erythrocyte micronuclei and the DNA damage index in relation to the control fish; however, they did not present any differences between the two treatments. The results demonstrate that the DRWBA treatment was already genotoxic for the fish, mainly due to dissolved Cu concentrations in the water. The DRWAA treatment probably presented genotoxicity due to the increase in the dissolved fraction and synergistic effects of several metals found in the tailings of the Mariana accident.
Collapse
|