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Wallace GT, Brick LA, Provost EM, Peters JR, Miller IW, Schatten HT. Daily Levels and Dynamic Metrics of Affective-Cognitive Constructs Associate With Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours in Adults After Psychiatric Hospitalization. Clin Psychol Psychother 2024; 31:e2982. [PMID: 38659356 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The period after psychiatric hospitalization is an extraordinarily high-risk period for suicidal thoughts and behaviours (STBs). Affective-cognitive constructs (ACCs) are salient risk factors for STBs, and intensive longitudinal metrics of these constructs may improve personalized risk detection and intervention. However, limited research has examined how within-person daily levels and between-person dynamic metrics of ACCs relate to STBs after hospital discharge. Adult psychiatric inpatients (N = 95) completed a 65-day ecological momentary assessment protocol after discharge as part of a 6-month follow-up period. Using dynamic structural equation models, we examined both within-person daily levels and between-person dynamic metrics (intensity, variability and inertia) of positive and negative affect, rumination, distress intolerance and emotion dysregulation as risk factors for STBs. Within-person lower daily levels of positive affect and higher daily levels of negative affect, rumination, distress intolerance and emotion dysregulation were risk factors for next-day suicidal ideation (SI). Same-day within-person higher rumination and negative affect were also risk factors for same-day SI. At the between-person level, higher overall positive affect was protective against active SI and suicidal behaviour over the 6-month follow-up, while greater variability of rumination and distress intolerance increased risk for active SI, suicidal behaviour and suicide attempt. The present study provides the most comprehensive examination to date of intensive longitudinal metrics of ACCs as risk factors for STBs. Results support the continued use of intensive longitudinal methods to improve STB risk detection. Interventions focusing on rumination and distress intolerance may specifically help to prevent suicidal crises during critical transitions in care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma T Wallace
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Leslie A Brick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Emily Mower Provost
- Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jessica R Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Ivan W Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Psychosocial Research Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Heather T Schatten
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Psychosocial Research Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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52
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Li C, Wang R, Zhu N, Kong F. Childhood maltreatment and depressed mood in female college students: A daily diary analysis. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 149:106611. [PMID: 38159407 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment has well-documented relations with depressed mood. However, few studies have used a daily diary methodology to investigate the association between all five forms of childhood maltreatment (emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, emotional and physical neglect) and depressed mood, and the mechanisms underlying the association remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The current study sought to examine the associations of multiple forms of childhood maltreatment with depressed mood via a 14-day daily diary methodology, and investigate the mediating effects of self-compassion and perceived social support. METHODS A sample of 220 Chinese female college students (Mage = 19.13 years) participated in this study and completed questionnaires regarding childhood maltreatment, self-compassion, perceived social support and depressed mood. RESULTS The multilevel regression analysis indicated that only emotional abuse was slightly associated with depressed mood, while emotional neglect, physical abuse, physical neglect, or sexual abuse were not associated with depressed mood. The multilevel mediation analysis further revealed that self-compassion and perceived social support independently mediated the association of childhood emotional abuse with depressed mood. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results emphasize the specific association between childhood emotional abuse and daily depressed mood, and further support self-compassion and perceived social support as explanatory mechanisms linking childhood emotional abuse with later depressed mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rixin Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ningzhe Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Kong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
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53
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Schacter HL, Ehrhardt AD, Hoffman AJ. Daily Fluctuations in Adolescents' Perceived Friend Dominance and Friendship Clout: Associations with Mood and the Moderating Role of Anxiety. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:537-549. [PMID: 38055132 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that whereas occupying high peer status promotes adolescents' well-being, feeling dominated by friends confers psychological costs. However, little is known about day-to-day power dynamics of adolescents' friendships or their acute affective consequences. This 14-day intensive longitudinal study introduced novel daily assessments of friend dominance and friendship clout, examined their associations with mood, and tested anxiety as a moderator. Participants were 195 11th-graders (Mage = 16.48, SDage = 0.35; 66% female). Multilevel models revealed that adolescents experienced worse mood on days they felt dominated by friends and better mood on days they felt powerful and influential among friends. Associations with negative mood were strongest for adolescents higher in anxiety. The findings underscore the dynamic nature of power in adolescents' friendships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam J Hoffman
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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54
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Cho SJ, Preacher KJ, Yaremych HE, Naveiras M, Fuchs D, Fuchs LS. Modeling variability in treatment effects for cluster randomized controlled trials using by-variable smooth functions in a generalized additive mixed model. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:2094-2113. [PMID: 37558925 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02138-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Variability in treatment effects is common in intervention studies using cluster randomized controlled trial (C-RCT) designs. Such variability is often examined in multilevel modeling (MLM) to understand how treatment effects (TRT) differ based on the level of a covariate (COV), called TRT × COV. In detecting TRT × COV effects using MLM, relationships between covariates and outcomes are assumed to vary across clusters linearly. However, this linearity assumption may not hold in all applications and an incorrect assumption may lead to biased statistical inference about TRT × COV effects. In this study, we present generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) specifications in which cluster-specific functional relationships between covariates and outcomes can be modeled using by-variable smooth functions. In addition, the implementation for GAMM specifications is explained using the mgcv R package (Wood, 2021). The usefulness of the GAMM specifications is illustrated using intervention data from a C-RCT. Results of simulation studies showed that parameters and by-variable smooth functions were recovered well in various multilevel designs and the misspecification of the relationship between covariates and outcomes led to biased estimates of TRT × COV effects. Furthermore, this study evaluated the extent to which the GAMM can be treated as an alternative model to MLM in the presence of a linear relationship.
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55
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Ratchford JL, Schnitker SA. Virtue in Pursuit of Goals: A Goals-Based Approach to Patience Measurement. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:181-195. [PMID: 37306360 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2219846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we provide a contextualized assessment of virtue through validation of a goals-based approach to measuring patience, the Goals-Based Virtue-Patience Scale (GBV-P). To assess virtue in a way congruent with its definition requires consideration of situational and contextual factors; however, most extant measures of virtue instead assess virtue at a decontextualized, global level (Ng & Tay, 2020). As such, we developed a contextualized and motivationally attuned goals-based assessment of the virtue of patience, the ability to remain calm in the face of frustration, suffering, or delay in goal pursuit. We engaged multilevel structural equation modeling to validate a new measure of patience in pursuit of goals nested within people. Across three studies (N = 798) assessing the GBV-P, data were consistent with reliability and structural validity tests, and associations of the new measure with other regulatory virtues or constructs (e.g., global patience, self-control, conscientiousness, perseverance, emotion regulation) as well as well-being (e.g., life satisfaction, goal orientation, meaning) and ill-being outcomes (e.g., depression and anxiety symptoms, loneliness, stress) provided evidence of convergent validity. Likewise, patience was differentially engaged depending on the goal domain and type; approach (vs. avoidance), interpersonal (vs. intrapersonal), and generativity goals were pursued with more patience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah A Schnitker
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
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56
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Balducci C, Rafanelli C, Menghini L, Consiglio C. The Relationship between Patients' Demands and Workplace Violence among Healthcare Workers: A Multilevel Look Focusing on the Moderating Role of Psychosocial Working Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:178. [PMID: 38397669 PMCID: PMC10887931 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Workplace violence against healthcare workers is a widespread phenomenon with very severe consequences for the individuals affected and their organizations. The role played by psychosocial working conditions in healthcare workers' experiences of violence from patients and their family members has received relatively scant attention. In the present study, we investigated the idea that psychosocial working conditions (workload, job control, supervisor support, and team integration), by affecting the well-being and job performance of healthcare workers, play a critical role in the relationship between patients' demands and the escalation of workplace violence. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that psychosocial working conditions moderate the relationship between patients' demands and workplace violence. Participants were 681 healthcare workers distributed in 55 work groups of three public healthcare facilities in Italy. Multilevel analysis showed significant interactions between patients' demands and each of the investigated psychosocial factors on workplace violence, which in all the cases were in the expected direction. The results suggest that improving the quality of the psychosocial work environment in which healthcare workers operate may be a critical aspect in the prevention of workplace violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Balducci
- Department of Quality of Life Sciences, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Chiara Rafanelli
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Luca Menghini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Chiara Consiglio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Weber J, Heming M, Apolinário-Hagen J, Liszio S, Angerer P. Comparison of the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale with physiological and self-reported stress responses during ecological momentary assessment and during participation in a virtual reality version of the Trier Social Stress Test. Biol Psychol 2024; 186:108762. [PMID: 38311307 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Valid approaches to conveniently measure stress reactivity are needed due to the growing evidence of its health-impairing effects. This study examined whether the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale (PSRS) predicts cardiovascular and psychological responses to psychosocial stressors during daily life and during a virtual reality (VR) Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Medical students answered a standardized baseline questionnaire to assess perceived stress reactivity by the PSRS. The PSRS asks participants to rate the intensity of their typical affective responses to common stressors during daily life. They were further asked to participate in a VR-TSST and in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over a period of three consecutive workdays during daily life. Blood pressure and self-reported stress were repeatedly, heart rate variability (HRV) continuously measured during the VR-TSST and EMA. Furthermore, participants repeatedly assessed task demands, task control and social conflict during the EMA. Data was analysed using multilevel analysis and multiple linear regression. Results indicate that the PSRS moderates associations between blood pressure (but not HRV) and demands and control during daily life. Furthermore, the PSRS directly predicted self-reported stress, but did not moderate associations between self-reported stress and demands, control and social conflict. The PSRS did not predict physiological and self-reported stress responses to the VR-TSST. This study partly confirmed convergent validity of the PSRS to stress reactivity in daily life. Furthermore, the lack of association between the PSRS and stress responses to the VR-TSST calls for future studies to search for reliable and valid ways to assess stress reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Weber
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Meike Heming
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Apolinário-Hagen
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Liszio
- Center for Children and Youth Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Angerer
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
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Mournet AM, Gunin G, Shinall J, Brennan E, Jadav N, Istvan E, Kleiman EM, Bal VH. The impact of measurement on clinical trials: Comparison of preliminary outcomes of a brief mobile intervention for autistic adults using multiple measurement approaches. Autism Res 2024; 17:432-442. [PMID: 38321822 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Initial studies of the emotional safety plan (ESP), a new, brief telehealth and mobile intervention to support autistic adults to cope with periods of distress, have reported feasibility and acceptability (Bal et al., 2023, Autism, 1-13). Herein we report the preliminary clinical outcomes of thirty-six autistic adults who developed a personalized ESP, with a specific interest in comparing "outcomes" demonstrated by different instruments and assessment frequencies in order to inform outcome measurement in future clinical trials. Comparison of pre-intervention baseline to post-monitoring outcome (pre-post) anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7]) and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]) revealed medium effect sizes for reduction in symptoms, though, low effect sizes were observed for pre-post Adult Self-report Anxiety and Depressive Problems scales and the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory Reactivity and Dysphoria scales. Weekly assessments showed an initial decrease in GAD-7 anxiety symptoms but no effect on weekly PHQ-9 depressive ratings. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data suggested that, when participants reported feeling sad or agitated and used the ESP, reduced negative feelings and increased positive states were reported in subsequent EMA. Perhaps not surprisingly, preliminary outcomes of these feasibility trials differed depending on measure chosen. Implications for the design of clinical trials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle M Mournet
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gabrielle Gunin
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jacqueline Shinall
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Emily Brennan
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nikita Jadav
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Emily Istvan
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Evan M Kleiman
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Vanessa H Bal
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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Park L, Ward DE, Naragon-Gainey K, Fujita K, Koefler N. I'm Still Spending: Financial Contingency of Self-Worth Predicts Financial Motivational Conflict and Compulsive Buying. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2024; 50:232-252. [PMID: 36218360 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221119356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
People with financially contingent self-worth (FCSW) base their self-esteem on money and feel pressured to achieve financial success. However, the present research suggests such individuals may be vulnerable to compulsive buying and experiencing distress and impairment in their lives from engaging in this maladaptive behavior (Study 1a-1b). Study 2 identified a key mechanism: People with FCSW experience more motivational conflict between wanting to spend (vs. not spend) their money, which predicts greater compulsive buying intentions and anticipated distress from making excessive purchases. A 5-week diary study revealed that FCSW-on average and at a weekly level-predicted greater perceived financial motivational conflict and more compulsive buying, distress, and impairment in life (Study 3). People with FCSW experience more financial motivational conflict, independent of beliefs about spending implying wealth or feeling pressured to spend to display one's wealth to others (Study 4). Implications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora Park
- University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA
| | - Deborah E Ward
- University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA
- Saginaw Valley State University, University Center, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole Koefler
- University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA
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Kılınç HE, Öz M, Berberoğlu U, Özel Aslıyüce Y, Onan D, Fanuscu A, Ülger Ö. Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory (HDI/T) in patients with cervicogenic headache. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:820-827. [PMID: 36788454 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2178679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cultural adaptation to Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory (HDI) and investigating the validity and reliability of this inventory. METHODS International standards were followed in conducting the cultural adaption of Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory Turkish version (HDI-T). Test-Retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) were included in the psychometric assessments; Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to assess the structural validity; and construct validity was performed by examining relationship the HDI-T between the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT- 6), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14), and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). RESULTS HDI-T showed excellent test-retest reliability (ICC =0.901), excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's a = 0.935), and low to high correlation with Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Following EFA, two factors (emotional and functional) were extracted, accounting for 50.734% of the total variation. The dimensional structure of the HDI-T obtained in the EFA was confirmed by CFA. CONCLUSION The HDI-T is a reliable and valid instrument to determine the symptoms and disability in the Turkish population with cervicogenic headaches.Implications for RehabilitationHenry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory Turkish version (HDI-T) is an outcome measure with high validity and reliability to obtain objective data in the determination of disability due to cervicogenic headache.HDI-T is recommended for all rehabilitation professionals to evaluate both the disability levels before rehabilitation and the changes during the rehabilitation process in patients with cervicogenic headaches in the Turkish population.Physiotherapists, orthopedists and neurosurgeons can also use HDI-T to objectively evaluate the secondary effects of their treatment for neck problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Erkan Kılınç
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Müzeyyen Öz
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Utku Berberoğlu
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Özel Aslıyüce
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilara Onan
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aybüke Fanuscu
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özlem Ülger
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Junça Silva A. Applying the Affective Events Theory to Explore the Effect of Daily Micro-Interruptions on Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Affect and the Moderating Role of Pets at Work. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 27:e1. [PMID: 38287868 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2024.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
This study relied on the affective events theory and the social exchange theory to develop a framework that explains how situational factors (daily micro-interruptions) enhance affective reactions (negative affect) and, in turn, impair health conditions (mental health) at work. We further delineate theoretical arguments to propose the pet-human's health effect by demonstrating that pets are boundary conditions that attenuate this relation, and as such are protective conditions for employees' mental health. We conducted a 5-day diary study with two groups of participants, one with participants who owned pets (N = 82 x 5 = 410), and the other who did not own pets (N = 87 x 5 = 435). The multilevel results showed an indirect effect of daily micro-interruptions on individuals' mental health through negative affect, with a daily backdrop of poorer mental health for those who did not own a pet (compared to those who owned a pet). These results evidence the benefits of owning a pet for individuals' mental health, even at work, and as such provide recommendations for teleworking practices. Moreover, this study resorts to an innovative and robust data collection method to demonstrate the pet-human' health effect. This study expands knowledge on the role of pets in working daily routines and shows that pets may be a personal resource for individuals while working.
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Wadle LM, Ebner-Priemer UW, Foo JC, Yamamoto Y, Streit F, Witt SH, Frank J, Zillich L, Limberger MF, Ablimit A, Schultz T, Gilles M, Rietschel M, Sirignano L. Speech Features as Predictors of Momentary Depression Severity in Patients With Depressive Disorder Undergoing Sleep Deprivation Therapy: Ambulatory Assessment Pilot Study. JMIR Ment Health 2024; 11:e49222. [PMID: 38236637 PMCID: PMC10835582 DOI: 10.2196/49222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of mobile devices to continuously monitor objectively extracted parameters of depressive symptomatology is seen as an important step in the understanding and prevention of upcoming depressive episodes. Speech features such as pitch variability, speech pauses, and speech rate are promising indicators, but empirical evidence is limited, given the variability of study designs. OBJECTIVE Previous research studies have found different speech patterns when comparing single speech recordings between patients and healthy controls, but only a few studies have used repeated assessments to compare depressive and nondepressive episodes within the same patient. To our knowledge, no study has used a series of measurements within patients with depression (eg, intensive longitudinal data) to model the dynamic ebb and flow of subjectively reported depression and concomitant speech samples. However, such data are indispensable for detecting and ultimately preventing upcoming episodes. METHODS In this study, we captured voice samples and momentary affect ratings over the course of 3 weeks in a sample of patients (N=30) with an acute depressive episode receiving stationary care. Patients underwent sleep deprivation therapy, a chronotherapeutic intervention that can rapidly improve depression symptomatology. We hypothesized that within-person variability in depressive and affective momentary states would be reflected in the following 3 speech features: pitch variability, speech pauses, and speech rate. We parametrized them using the extended Geneva Minimalistic Acoustic Parameter Set (eGeMAPS) from open-source Speech and Music Interpretation by Large-Space Extraction (openSMILE; audEERING GmbH) and extracted them from a transcript. We analyzed the speech features along with self-reported momentary affect ratings, using multilevel linear regression analysis. We analyzed an average of 32 (SD 19.83) assessments per patient. RESULTS Analyses revealed that pitch variability, speech pauses, and speech rate were associated with depression severity, positive affect, valence, and energetic arousal; furthermore, speech pauses and speech rate were associated with negative affect, and speech pauses were additionally associated with calmness. Specifically, pitch variability was negatively associated with improved momentary states (ie, lower pitch variability was linked to lower depression severity as well as higher positive affect, valence, and energetic arousal). Speech pauses were negatively associated with improved momentary states, whereas speech rate was positively associated with improved momentary states. CONCLUSIONS Pitch variability, speech pauses, and speech rate are promising features for the development of clinical prediction technologies to improve patient care as well as timely diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response. Our research is a step forward on the path to developing an automated depression monitoring system, facilitating individually tailored treatments and increased patient empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Wadle
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Ebner-Priemer
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jerome C Foo
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute for Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yoshiharu Yamamoto
- Educational Physiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Education, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lea Zillich
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias F Limberger
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Schultz
- Cognitive Systems Lab, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Maria Gilles
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lea Sirignano
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Haucke M, Heinzel S, Liu S. Involuntary social isolation and alcohol consumption: an ecological momentary assessment in Germany amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agad069. [PMID: 37934974 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Alcohol consumption often occurs in a social setting, which was affected by social distancing measures amid the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study, we examine how involuntary social isolation (i.e. comparing a no-lockdown stage with a lockdown stage) affects the association between loneliness, social activities, and drinking behavior. METHOD We performed an ecological momentary assessment eight times per day for 7 days amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. We recruited 280 participants and assessed their trait loneliness, daily state loneliness, social activities, and drinking behaviors. RESULTS We found that a lockdown condition moderates the association between trait and daily state loneliness and alcohol consumption. During a lockdown stage, trait loneliness was positively associated, whereas state loneliness was negatively associated with alcohol consumption. During a no-lockdown stage, trait and state loneliness were both negatively associated with alcohol consumption. For both no-lockdown and lockdown stages, duration of social interaction, male gender, and weekends was positively associated with alcohol consumption. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that an involuntary social isolation condition (i.e. a lockdown stage) changes how trait loneliness is associated with alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Haucke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Campus Charité Mitte), Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Stephan Heinzel
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Shuyan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Campus Charité Mitte), Berlin 10117, Germany
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64
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Vize CE, G C Wright A. Translating the Transdiagnostic: Aligning Assessment Practices With Research Advances. Assessment 2024; 31:199-215. [PMID: 37706296 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231194996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Researchers and clinicians working within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fifth Edition, Text Rev (DSM-5-TR) framework face a difficult question: what does it mean to have an evidence-based assessment of a nonevidence-based diagnostic construct? Alternative nosological approaches conceptualize psychopathology as (a) hierarchical, allowing researchers to move between levels of description and (b) dimensional, eliminating artificial dichotomies between disorders and the dichotomy between mental illness and mental well-being. In this article, we provide an overview of ongoing efforts to develop validated measures of transdiagnostic nosologies (i.e., the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology; HiTOP) with applications for measurement-based care. However, descriptive models like HiTOP, which summarize patterns of covariation among psychopathology symptoms, do not address dynamic processes underlying the problems associated with psychopathology. Ambulatory assessment, well-suited to examine such dynamic processes, has also developed rapidly in recent decades. Thus, the goal of the current article is twofold. First, we provide a brief overview of developments in constructing valid measures of the HiTOP model as well as developments in ambulatory assessment practices. Second, we outline how these parallel developments can be integrated to advance measurement-based treatment. We end with a discussion of some major challenges for future research to address to integrate advances more fully in transdiagnostic and ambulatory assessment practices.
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65
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Xu EP, Li J, Zapetis SL, Keefe K, Trull TJ, Stange JP. Momentary impulsivity interferes with emotion regulation strategy prioritization in everyday life in remitted depression. Behav Res Ther 2024; 172:104424. [PMID: 38103360 PMCID: PMC10843662 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2023.104424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selectively prioritizing some emotion regulation (ER) strategies over others has been shown to predict well-being; however, it is unclear what mechanisms underlie this process. Impulsivity, which captures both top-down control of and bottom-up reactivity to emotions, is one potential mechanism of interest. METHODS Using multilevel mediation modeling, we investigated whether lower ER strategy prioritization (i.e., lower between-strategy variability) mediates the relationship between greater momentary impulsivity and lower ER success in 82 individuals with remitted depression or no history of a mental disorder (1558 observations). To determine the specific effect of impulsivity, we covaried for mean regulatory effort and negative affect. RESULTS The indirect effect of impulsivity on ER success was significant at the within-person, but not between-person, level. Specifically, in moments when individuals endorsed more impulsivity than usual, they showed less ER strategy prioritization than usual, which predicted less successful ER. Individuals who, on average, reported more impulsivity indicated lower ER strategy prioritization, but no difference in ER success. CONCLUSION ER strategy prioritization mediated the within-person relationship between greater impulsivity and lower ER success. Interventions focused on training individuals to selectively prioritize ER strategies may improve ER success, particularly when individuals are feeling more impulsive than usual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie P Xu
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, United States
| | - Jiani Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, United States
| | - Sarah L Zapetis
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, United States
| | - Kaley Keefe
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, United States
| | - Timothy J Trull
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, United States
| | - Jonathan P Stange
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, United States.
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66
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Apsley AT, Lee SA, Bhat AC, Rush J, Almeida DM, Cole SW, Shalev I. Affective reactivity to daily stressors and immune cell gene expression in the MIDUS study. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:80-88. [PMID: 37797778 PMCID: PMC10841912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Affective reactivity to stress is a person-level measurement of how well an individual copes with daily stressors. A common method of measuring affective reactivity entails the estimation of within-person differences of either positive or negative affect on days with and without stressors present. Individuals more reactive to common stressors, as evidenced by affective reactivity measurements, have been shown to have increased levels of circulating pro-inflammatory markers. While affective reactivity has previously been associated with inflammatory markers, the upstream mechanistic links underlying these associations are unknown. Using data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Refresher study (N = 195; 52% female; 84% white), we quantified daily stress processes over 10 days and determined individuals' positive and negative affective reactivities to stressors. We then examined affective reactivity association with peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression of the immune-related conserved transcriptional response to adversity. Results indicated that individuals with a greater decrease in positive affect to daily stressors exhibited heightened PBMC JUNB expression after Bonferroni corrections (p-adjusted < 0.05). JUNB encodes a protein that acts as a transcription factor which regulates many aspects of the immune response, including inflammation and cell proliferation. Due to its critical role in the activation of macrophages and maintenance of CD4+ T-cells during inflammation, JUNB may serve as a potential upstream mechanistic target for future studies of the connection between affective reactivity and inflammatory processes. Overall, our findings provide evidence that affective reactivity to stress is associated with levels of immune cell gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abner T Apsley
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Biosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Sun Ah Lee
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
| | - Aarti C Bhat
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
| | - Jonathan Rush
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - David M Almeida
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
| | - Steven W Cole
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Idan Shalev
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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67
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Zheng Y, Xu J, Li K, Hu Y. A Dynamical Systems Investigation of the Co-regulation between Perceived Daily Parental Warmth and Adolescent Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:111-124. [PMID: 36881211 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal research demonstrates that child ADHD symptoms and behaviors exhibit reciprocal associations with parenting behaviors over time. However, minimal research has investigated these associations and their dynamic links at the daily level. Intensive longitudinal data can disentangle stable between-person differences from within-person fluctuations and reveal nuanced short-term family dynamics on a micro timescale. Using 30-day daily diary data from a community sample of 86 adolescents (Mage = 14.5, 55% female, 56% White, 22% Asian) and latent differential equation modeling, this study examined the links between perceived daily parental warmth and ADHD symptoms as coupled dynamical systems. The results show that the magnitude of fluctuations in perceived daily parental warmth generally remains stable, while elevated ADHD symptoms return to their normal level over time. Perceived parental warmth is sensitive to change in ADHD symptoms such that adolescents feel that their parents will fine-tune their warmth with gradual changes when adolescents demonstrate heightened symptoms. There are substantial between-family differences in these regulating system dynamics. Among families with more baseline parental non-harsh discipline, both perceived parental warmth and ADHD symptoms tend to be more stable and fluctuate less often. Intensive longitudinal data and dynamical systems approaches offer a new lens to uncover short-term family dynamics and adolescent adjustment at a refined micro level. Future research should explore antecedents and consequences of between-family differences in these short-term family dynamics on multiple timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zheng
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kehan Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yueqin Hu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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68
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Bi S, Huang J, Cui L, Zhou H. Within-Family Associations Between Parental Psychological Control and Externalizing Problems Among Chinese Children: Links to Between-Family Mindful Parenting. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:65-77. [PMID: 37466747 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01101-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous longitudinal studies have documented bidirectional associations between parental psychological control and children's externalizing problems over months or years. However, most studies have only examined these associations at the between-family level, and there is a lack of intensive longitudinal data (ILD) on psychological control and children's externalizing problems. Thus, this daily diary study examined the bidirectional associations between parental psychological control and externalizing problems among Chinese children. Further, we explored whether between-family mindful parenting linked to the mean levels and daily fluctuations of parental psychological control and children's externalizing problems. The sample included 71 parents of children between 7 to 13 years old (50.7% male; Mage = 9.92, SD = 1.46). Our findings indicate that at the within-family level, higher parental psychological control than usual predicted increases in externalizing problems among children reported by parents the next day, but not vice versa. Furthermore, between-family mindful parenting was negatively associated with the mean levels of psychological control and children's externalizing problems, as well as with fewer fluctuations of parental psychological control. This study contributes to the understanding of the within-family associations between parental psychological control and children's externalizing problems on a daily basis. Finally, we discuss implications for prevention and intervention programs targeting negative parenting and child externalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Bi
- Department of Applied Psychology, College of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixian Cui
- Division of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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69
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Wang Y, Hawk ST. Adolescent-Mother Agreements and Discrepancies in Reports of Helicopter Parenting: Associations with Perceived Conflict and Support. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2480-2493. [PMID: 37542008 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents' and parents' similar and/or divergent perceptions of parental behaviors may be associated with youth-parent relationship quality. This study examined adolescents' and mothers' perceptions of helicopter parenting, and whether (dis)agreements between these views were associated with perceived conflict and support. Participants were 349 late adolescents (MT1age = 18.20; 39.8% male) and their mothers (MT1age = 49.10) in Hong Kong who completed four assessments over one year. Results suggested that youth-mother agreements regarding helicopter parenting were positively associated with both conflict and support. Additionally, discrepancies between their reports were positively related to adolescent-reported conflict. These findings highlight the importance of examining multiple perspectives when studying helicopter parenting dynamics, and suggest both positive and negative aspects of these practices in Chinese families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ho Tim Building 409, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong.
| | - Skyler T Hawk
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ho Tim Building 409, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong
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70
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Byrne ME, Bernstein RA, Pine DS, Kircanski K. Ecological Momentary Assessment of Youth Anxiety: Evaluation of Psychometrics for Use in Clinical Trials. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2023; 33:409-417. [PMID: 38052059 PMCID: PMC10733775 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2023.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) captures naturalistic experience in real time and holds promise to improve our understanding and treatment of youth psychopathology. While psychometric evaluation of EMA methods is crucial, particularly for use as a tool in clinical trials, research examining the reliability and validity of EMA items in youth is lacking. Method: This study evaluates EMA responses from 204 child and adolescent participants (M age = 12.54, 60.8% female), including 131 participants with an anxiety disorder and 73 participants with no psychiatric diagnosis. We assessed the within- and between-person variability, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity of two EMA items probing anxiety symptoms; one positive affect item served as a comparison. Results: All psychometric properties of the anxiety items were at least satisfactory in youth with anxiety disorders. However, there was restricted variability and poor test-retest reliability in youth with no diagnosis. Discussion: These results might facilitate future clinical trials using EMA to investigate pediatric anxiety. Results also suggest that unique EMA items might be needed to reliably track anxiety in healthy youth. Future work should continue to examine the psychometric properties of EMA protocols before implementation in clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00018057.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E. Byrne
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rachel A. Bernstein
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katharina Kircanski
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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71
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Renault H, Freeman C, Banica I, Sandre A, Ethridge P, Park J, Weinberg A. Neural response to rewards moderates the within-person association between daily positive events and positive affect during a period of stress exposure. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14376. [PMID: 37430465 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress and neural responses to reward can interact to predict psychopathology, but the mechanisms of this interaction are unclear. One possibility is that the strength of neural responses to reward can affect the ability to maintain positive affect during stress. In this study, 105 participants completed a monetary reward task to elicit the reward positivity (RewP), an event-related potential sensitive to rewards. Subsequently, during a stressful period, participants reported on their affect nine times a day and on daily positive and negative events for 10 days. Even during heightened stress, experiencing more positive events was associated with increased positive affect. The RewP significantly moderated this association: Individuals with a larger RewP reported greater increases in positive affect when they experienced more positive events, relative to individuals with a smaller RewP. A blunted RewP might contribute to stress susceptibility by affecting how much individuals engage in positive emotion regulation during stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héléna Renault
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clara Freeman
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iulia Banica
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aislinn Sandre
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paige Ethridge
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juhyun Park
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna Weinberg
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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72
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Buist KL, Boele S, Bülow A, Reitz E, Verhoeven M, Keijsers L. Quaranteens: Prepandemic relationship quality and changes in adolescent internalizing problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:1164-1178. [PMID: 37283235 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This preregistered longitudinal study examined changes in adolescents' depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using latent additive piece-wise growth models. It also assessed whether support from and conflict with mothers, fathers, siblings, and best friends explained heterogeneity in change patterns. One hundred and ninety-two Dutch adolescents (Mean age: 14.3 years; 68.8% female) completed online biweekly questionnaires for a year (November 2019-October 2020), consisting of a prepandemic, lockdown, and reopening phase. Depressive symptoms increased following the lockdown and decreased upon reopening. Anxiety symptoms showed an immediate decrease followed by a gradual increase in the reopening phase. Prepandemic family and best friend support and conflict did not explain heterogeneity in depressive and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten L Buist
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Savannah Boele
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Bülow
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Reitz
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Verhoeven
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Loes Keijsers
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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73
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Mayer AM, Neubauer AB, Jugert P. What is in the news today? How media-related affect shapes adolescents' stance towards the EU. J Adolesc 2023; 95:1553-1563. [PMID: 37496181 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescence is regarded as a formative period for political development. One important developmental context is media. Negatively perceived political media content can foster populistic attitudes, which in turn decreases support of political institutions, such as the European Union (EU). As media valence effects are short-lived, this study examined intra-individual associations of media valence with European identity commitment and affect towards the EU, as well as indirect effects via populistic attitudes across 10 days. METHODS We implemented a 10-day daily diary study with 371 adolescents from Germany (January to February 2022). Adolescents were on average 14.24 years old (SD = 0.55) and 60.4% were female. We estimated the hypothesized associations using multilevel structural equation models and dynamic structural equation models. RESULTS We found significant associations between populistic attitudes and negative affect towards the EU on the same day and the next day. The lagged effect became nonsignificant, when including both same day and lagged effects into one model. Populistic attitudes were not significantly associated with European identity commitment within days or across days. Negative media content was associated with higher populistic attitudes on the same day and indirectly associated with negative affect towards the EU (b = -.01, 95% credible interval [-0.010, -0.004]). CONCLUSION Negatively perceived political media content was associated with higher populistic attitudes and more negative affect towards the EU concurrently. Our results imply that media plays an important role for adolescents' development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Mayer
- Department of Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas B Neubauer
- Education and Human Development, DIPF, Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Philipp Jugert
- Department of Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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74
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Piltz LM, Carpendale EJ, Laurens KR. Measurement invariance across age, gender, ethnicity, and psychopathology of the Psychotic-Like Experiences Questionnaire for Children in a community sample. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2023; 32:e1962. [PMID: 36864736 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to assess the measurement invariance of the 9-item self-report Psychotic-Like Experiences Questionnaire for Children (PLEQ-C) across various demographic (age, gender, ethnicity) and psychopathology profiles in a community sample of children. METHODS Children aged 9-11 years (n = 613; M age = 10.4 years [SD = 0.8]; 50.9% female) completed questionnaire screening at school, with primary caregivers returning questionnaires by mail from home. Configural, metric, scalar, and residual invariance of the PLEQ-C scores were investigated across groups differentiated by age (9; 10; 11 years), gender (female; male), ethnicity (white; black; other), and by child-reported and caregiver-reported psychopathology (abnormal rating; not abnormal). RESULTS The PLEQ-C scores demonstrated good unidimensional model fit. Full configural, metric, scalar, and residual invariance were demonstrated across gender, ethnicity, and psychopathology (both child- and caregiver-reported). Across age groups, the PLEQ-C scores showed full configural and metric invariance, but only partial scalar and residual invariance (with a single item measuring differently among 11-year-olds). CONCLUSIONS In this community sample, the PLEQ-C was robust to age, gender, ethnicity, and psychopathology profiles, providing evidence of its capacity to identify children in the general population who might benefit from further assessment to determine the clinical significance of their psychotic experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Piltz
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emma J Carpendale
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kristin R Laurens
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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75
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McNeish D. Psychometric properties of sum scores and factor scores differ even when their correlation is 0.98: A response to Widaman and Revelle. Behav Res Methods 2023; 55:4269-4290. [PMID: 36394821 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-022-02016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Commentary in Widaman and Revelle (2022) argued that sum scoring is justified as long as unidimensionality holds because sum score reliability is defined. My response begins with a review of the literature supporting the perspective we adopted in the original article. I then conduct simulation studies to assess the psychometric properties of sum scores created using Widaman and Revelle's justification relative to scores created by the weighted factor score approach in the original article. In my simulations, I generate data where sum and factor scores are correlated at 0.96 or 0.98 because high factor-sum score correlations are often used to support the contention that sum and factor scores have interchangeable psychometric properties. I explore (a) correlations between estimated scores and true scores, (b) classification accuracy of sum and factor scores, and (c) reliability of sum and factor scores. Results show that factor scores have (a) higher correlations with true scores (Δ = 0.02-0.04), (b) higher sensitivity (Δ = 4-8 percentage points), and (c) higher reliability (Δ = 0.04-0.07). Factor score performance metrics also have less sampling variability in most conditions. Psychometric properties of sum scores-even when highly correlated with factor scores-remain less desirable than those of factor scores. Additional considerations like models with multiple factors and measurement invariance are also discussed. Essentially, even if accepting Widaman and Revelle's justification for sum scoring, it is uncertain whether researchers generally would want to sum score after fitting a factor analysis unless sum and factor scores correlate at (and not merely close to) 1.00.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel McNeish
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
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76
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van der Tuin S, Hoekstra RHA, Booij SH, Oldehinkel AJ, Wardenaar KJ, van den Berg D, Borsboom D, Wigman JTW. Relating stability of individual dynamical networks to change in psychopathology. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293200. [PMID: 37943819 PMCID: PMC10635522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
One hypothesis flowing from the network theory of psychopathology is that symptom network structure is associated with psychopathology severity and in turn, one may expect that individual network structure changes with the level of psychopathology severity. However, this expectation has rarely been addressed directly. This study aims to examine (1) the stability of individual contemporaneous symptom networks over a one-year period and (2) whether network stability is associated with a change in psychopathology. We used daily diary data of n = 66 individuals, located along the psychosis severity continuum, from two separate 90-day periods, one year apart (t = 180). Based on the newly developed Individual Network Invariance Test (INIT) to assess symptom-network stability, participants were divided into two groups with stable and unstable networks and we tested whether these groups differed in their absolute change in psychopathology severity. The majority of the sample (n = 51, 77.3%) showed a stable network over time while most individuals showed a decrease in psychopathological severity. We found no significant association between a change in psychopathology severity and individual network stability. Our results call for further critical evaluation of the association between networks and psychopathology to optimize the implementation of clinical applications based on current methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara van der Tuin
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ria H. A. Hoekstra
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne H. Booij
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Center for Integrative Psychiatry, Lentis, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas J. Wardenaar
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David van den Berg
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychosis Research, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Denny Borsboom
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna T. W. Wigman
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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77
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Kramer AC, Neubauer AB, Schmiedek F. The Effectiveness of A Slow-Paced Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise in Children's Daily Life: A Micro-Randomized Trial. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023; 52:797-810. [PMID: 35704507 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2022.2084743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breathing exercises have been proposed as an effective intervention to improve subjective well-being and manage anxiety symptoms. As they are comparatively easy to learn and to implement, breathing exercises may be particularly beneficial for children. Although breathing exercises are ultimately supposed to provide salutary effects in individuals' everyday lives, immediate effects of breathing exercises in naturalistic contexts have received limited empirical attention. The purpose of this study was to examine immediate effects of slow-paced diaphragmatic breathing on negative affect as well as on relaxation in an ecologically valid setting. To that end, we conducted a micro-randomized trial in children's daily life. METHOD On each of 15 days, children (N = 171, aged 9-13 years, 54% female) were randomized to different conditions: performing a video-guided slow-paced diaphragmatic breathing exercise (experimental condition), watching a different video (active control condition), or a passive control condition. RESULTS The breathing exercise had no immediate effects on negative affect or relaxation compared to both control conditions. However, in situations when children reported higher levels of worries than usual, relaxation was higher when children performed the breathing exercise compared to the passive control condition. Compared to the active control condition, the breathing exercise did not result in higher levels of relaxation in situations when children worried more than normally. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight that context-specific factors can modulate the effectiveness of breathing exercises and should be taken into account to tailor interventions to individuals' needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Kramer
- Department of Education and Human Development, DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education
- Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA)
| | - Andreas B Neubauer
- Department of Education and Human Development, DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education
- Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA)
| | - Florian Schmiedek
- Department of Education and Human Development, DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education
- Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA)
- Department of Psychology and Sport Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt
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van der Tuin S, Booij SH, Muller MK, van den Berg D, Oldehinkel AJ, Wigman JTW. The added value of daily diary data in 1- and 3-year prediction of psychopathology and psychotic experiences in individuals at risk for psychosis. Psychiatry Res 2023; 329:115546. [PMID: 37864993 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess whether adding information on psychological experiences derived from a daily diary to baseline cross-sectional data could improve short- (1-year) and long-term (3-years) prediction of psychopathology and positive psychotic experiences (PEs). We used 90-day daily diary data from 96 individuals in early subclinical risk stages for psychosis. Stepwise linear regression models were built for psychopathology and PEs at 1- and 3-years follow-up, adding: (1) baseline questionnaires, (2) the mean and variance of daily psychological experiences, and (3) individual symptom network density. We assessed whether similar results could be achieved with a subset of the data (7-14- and 30-days). The mean and variance of the diary improved model prediction of short- and long-term psychopathology and PEs, compared to prediction based on baseline questionnaires solely. Similar results were achieved with 7-14- and 30-day subsets. Symptom network density did not improve model prediction except for short-term prediction of PEs. Simple metrics, i.e., the mean and variance from 7 to 14 days of daily psychological experiences assessments, can improve short- and long-term prediction of both psychopathology and PEs in individuals in early subclinical stages for psychosis. Diary data could be a valuable addition to clinical risk prediction models for psychopathology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S van der Tuin
- Dept of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (Entrance 24- Triade), Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
| | - S H Booij
- Dept of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (Entrance 24- Triade), Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Center for Integrative Psychiatry, Lentis, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M K Muller
- Dept of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (Entrance 24- Triade), Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Rijks Universiteit Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institution, Assen, the Netherlands
| | - D van den Berg
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychosis research and Innovation, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, the Hague, the Netherlands
| | - A J Oldehinkel
- Dept of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (Entrance 24- Triade), Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - J T W Wigman
- Dept of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (Entrance 24- Triade), Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
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79
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Heekerens JB, Schulze L, Enge J, Renneberg B, Roepke S. Increases in negative affective arousal precede lower self-esteem in patients with borderline personality disorder but not in patients with depressive disorders: an experience sampling approach. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 2023; 10:29. [PMID: 37784203 PMCID: PMC10546701 DOI: 10.1186/s40479-023-00229-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Instability in self-esteem and instability in affect are core features of borderline personality disorder (BPD). For decades, researchers and theorists have been interested in the temporal dynamics between these constructs. Some hypothesize that changes in affective states should precede changes in self-esteem (Linehan, Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. Diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, 1993), while others suggest that changes in self-esteem should precede changes in affective states (Kernberg, Borderline conditions and pathological narcissism, 1975). METHODS In this study, we investigated the temporal relations between negative affective arousal states and current self-esteem in daily life. Patients with BPD (n = 42) or depressive disorders (DD; n = 40), and non-clinical controls (NCC; n = 40) were assessed every 15 min for 13 h. RESULTS As expected, dynamic structural equation modeling showed higher levels of average daily negative affective arousal and lower levels of average daily self-esteem in the BPD group compared with the NCC group, and scores in the DD group were in-between the BPD and the NCC groups. In line with predictions based on Linehan's (Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. Diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, 1993) model of affective dysregulation in BPD, negative affective arousal (t) and subsequent self-esteem (t+ 1) were significantly linked only in the BPD group, implying that higher negative affective arousal is followed by lower current self-esteem in the next measurement (ca. 15 min later). Importantly, self-esteem (t) and subsequent negative affective arousal (t + 1) were not significantly related (Kernberg, Borderline conditions and pathological narcissism, 1975). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest close dynamic temporal relations between affective instability and self-esteem instability in BPD, which highlights the importance of providing patients with means to effectively modulate high negative affective arousal states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Bodo Heekerens
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Lars Schulze
- Department of Education and Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Juliane Enge
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Babette Renneberg
- Department of Education and Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Stefan Roepke
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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80
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Murray AL, Xiao Z, Zhu X, Speyer LG, Yang Y, Brown RH, Katus L, Eisner M, Ribeaud D. Psychometric evaluation of an adapted version of the perceived stress scale for ecological momentary assessment research. Stress Health 2023; 39:841-853. [PMID: 36697362 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodologies are commonly used to illuminate the predictors and impacts of experiencing subjective stress in the course of daily life. The validity of inferences from this research is contingent on the availability of measures of perceived momentary stress that can provide valid and reliable momentary stress scores. However, studies of the development and validation of such measures have been lacking. In this study, we use an EMA data collection design to examine the within- and between- person reliability and criterion validity and between-person gender measurement invariance of a brief EMA-adapted measure of a widely used trait measure of stress: the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Scores showed high internal consistency reliability and significant correlations with a range of criterion validity measures at both the within- and between-person level. Gender measurement invariance up to the scalar level also held for scores. Findings support the use of the EMA-adapted PSS presented in the current study for use in community-ascertained samples to address research questions relating to the influences on and effects of momentary stress and their gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhouni Xiao
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xinxin Zhu
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Yi Yang
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Laura Katus
- Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denis Ribeaud
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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81
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Daros AR, Wardell JD, Quilty LC. Multilevel associations of emotion regulation strategy use during psychotherapy for depression: A longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:107-118. [PMID: 37290525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with depression select avoidant emotion regulation (ER) strategies more often than engagement strategies. While psychotherapy improves ER strategies, examining the week-to-week changes in ER and their relationship to clinical outcomes is warranted to understand how these interventions work. This study examined the changes in six ER strategies and depressive symptoms during virtual psychotherapy. METHODS Treatment-seeking adults (N = 56) with moderate depression severity completed a baseline diagnostic interview and questionnaires and were followed for up to 3 months as they completed virtual psychotherapy in an unrestricted format (e.g., individual) and orientation (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy; CBT). Participants completed weekly assessments of depression and six ER strategies along with assessments of CBT skills and participant-rated CBT components for each psychotherapy session. Multilevel modeling was used to examine associations between within-person changes in ER strategy use and weekly depression scores, controlling for between-person effects and time. RESULTS Depressive symptoms, rumination, and experiential avoidance decreased non-linearly over time while cognitive reappraisal and acceptance increased non-linearly. Controlling for CBT skills, within-person increases in acceptance and cognitive reappraisal, as well as within-person decreases in experiential avoidance, were associated with fewer depressive symptoms over time. People who reported greater CBT components in their sessions also reported fewer depressive symptoms over time. LIMITATIONS The study was unable to make more causal inferences or standardize the type, baseline, or length of psychotherapy received. CONCLUSIONS Improvements in ER strategies were associated with depression symptom reduction during psychotherapy. Future research to elucidate ER strategies as mediators of treatment response is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Daros
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada; Department of Psychology, York University, Canada.
| | - Jeffrey D Wardell
- Department of Psychology, York University, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Lena C Quilty
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
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82
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Boele S, Bülow A, Beltz AM, de Haan A, Denissen JJA, Keijsers L. The direction of effects between parenting and adolescent affective well-being in everyday life is family specific. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16106. [PMID: 37752173 PMCID: PMC10522680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous theories and empirical studies have suggested that parents and their adolescent children reciprocally influence each other. As most studies have focused on group-level patterns, however, it remained unclear whether this was true for every family. To investigate potential heterogeneity in directionality, we applied a novel idiographic approach to examine the effects between parenting and adolescent well-being in each family separately. For 100 days, 159 Dutch adolescents (Mage = 13.31, 62% female) reported on affective well-being and four parenting dimensions. The family-specific effects of pre-registered ( https://osf.io/7n2jx/ ) dynamic structural equation models indeed revealed that a reciprocal day-to-day association between parenting and adolescent affective well-being was present only in some families, with the proportion of families displaying a reciprocal association varying across the four parenting dimensions (11-55%). In other families, either parenting predicted the adolescent's affective well-being (8-43%) or vice versa (10-27%), or no day-to-day associations were found (16-60%). Adolescents with higher trait levels of environmental sensitivity and neuroticism were more strongly affected by parenting. Thus, findings suggest that the ways in which parents and adolescents influence each other in everyday life are unique, stressing the need to move towards an idiographic parenting science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah Boele
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Anne Bülow
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriene M Beltz
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Amaranta de Haan
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap J A Denissen
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Loes Keijsers
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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83
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Wu Y, Xu J, Shen Y, Wang Y, Zheng Y. Daily agreeableness and acculturation processes in ethnic/racial minority freshmen: The role of inter-ethnic contact and perceived discrimination. J Pers 2023. [PMID: 37736003 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Having higher levels of mainstream cultural orientation (MCO), an important component of acculturation attitudes and behaviors, is beneficial for ethnic/racial minority students during the transitions into university. Scant research has investigated MCO at a micro daily timescale. This study examined how personality (agreeableness) functions in conjunction with interpersonal processes (inter-ethnic contact and perceived discrimination) to influence MCO as daily within-person processes. METHODS Multi-level structural equation modeling were used to analyze month-long daily diary data from 209 ethnic/racial minority freshmen (69% female). RESULTS There was a positive indirect association between agreeableness and MCO through inter-ethnic contact at both within- and between-person levels. At the within-person level, on days with lower (vs. higher) levels of ethnic/racial discrimination, higher levels of agreeableness were associated with higher levels of MCO. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the contributions of intensive longitudinal data in elucidating ethnic/racial minority students' personality and acculturation processes in daily life involving protective and risk factors on micro timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Wu
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yishan Shen
- School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, United States
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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84
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Heshmati S, Kibrislioglu Uysal N, Kim SH, Oravecz Z, Donaldson SI. Momentary PERMA: An Adapted Measurement Tool for Studying Well-Being in Daily Life. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2023; 24:2441-2472. [PMID: 38130904 PMCID: PMC10730635 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-023-00684-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PERMA is a multidimensional framework that explains well-being through five hedonic and eudaimonic psychological elements-Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, Accomplishment. Soon after the PERMA framework was proposed, PERMA-Profiler was introduced as a validated assessment tool for measuring these five elements of well-being from a global perspective. The current study aimed to shed further light onto the measurement of PERMA elements, extending it beyond global evaluations, to daily life assessments and the examination of individual differences in their dynamic characteristics. We introduce mPERMA (momentary PERMA), as an EMA-adapted version of the PERMA-Profiler measure, to assess well-being in daily life. Using data collected in an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) study (N = 160), we first demonstrate the factor structure of mPERMA through a multilevel factor analysis and next examine within-person means and the dynamics of change (e.g., intra-individual variability) in the PERMA elements. Findings revealed that mPERMA displays convergent validity with two global measures of hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, namely Flourishing and Subjective Well-Being. Moreover, dynamical characteristics of the five elements of well-being measured over time, map onto their corresponding hedonic or eudaimonic global measures of well-being. Results of this paper present how dynamical features of well-being in daily life provide novel insights into predicting global well-being. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10902-023-00684-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Heshmati
- Department of Psychology, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA USA
| | | | - Sharon H. Kim
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Zita Oravecz
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
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Mengi Çelik Ö, Karacil Ermumcu MS, Ozyildirim C. Turkish version of the 'food and nutrition literacy questionnaire for Chinese school-age children' for school-age adolescents: a validity and reliability study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1807. [PMID: 37716935 PMCID: PMC10505319 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, it was aimed to examine the psychometric characteristics of the scale named 'Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children (FNLQ-SC)' in Turkish school age adolescents. METHODS The research was carried out with 341 school-age adolescents aged 10 to 17 years. The Cronbach's α coefficient was used to evaluate internal consistency reliability and the test-retest method was applied. The construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and the content validity was assessed by the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS EFA indicated that the Turkish version of FNLQ-SC had three factorial structures that accounted for 42.0% of the total variance. The overall Turkish version of FNLQ-SC questionnaire had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.679). The dimensional structure obtained in the EFA was controlled by CFA and the three-factor model showed acceptable goodness-of-fit indices (χ2/df = 1.924, RMSEA = 0.052, CFI = 0.864, GFI = 0.949). The Pearson correlation coefficients between each dimension and the overall questionnaire ranged from 0.300 to 0.842. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that age, gender, grade of class, being an only child and discussing nutrition information with families had an effect on food and nutrition literacy (R2 = 0.312; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The Turkish version of FNLQ-SC has good reliability and construct validity to assess the food and nutrition literacy of Turkish school age adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Mengi Çelik
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Merve Seyda Karacil Ermumcu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Boulevard International Relations Office Rectorate 6th Floor 07058 Campus, Antalya, Türkiye.
| | - Caner Ozyildirim
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Boulevard International Relations Office Rectorate 6th Floor 07058 Campus, Antalya, Türkiye
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Uhlig L, Baumgartner V, Prem R, Siestrup K, Korunka C, Kubicek B. A field experiment on the effects of weekly planning behaviour on work engagement, unfinished tasks, rumination, and cognitive flexibility. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 96:575-598. [PMID: 38515981 PMCID: PMC10952538 DOI: 10.1111/joop.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
This study concerns research on self-regulation. It examines the effects of planning behaviour, a comprehensive self-regulatory strategy of goal setting, planning work steps, and developing alternative plans. Combining different strategies, rather than testing them in isolation, would strengthen their effects and make them more appropriate for complex work tasks. Drawing on self-regulation theory, we propose that planning behaviour positively affects work engagement, unfinished tasks, rumination, and cognitive flexibility. Considering cognitive flexibility as an outcome provides insight into the cognitive benefits of planning behaviour. We examine person-level cognitive demands of flexible work and predictability as moderator variables to better understand the role of contextual variables in the use of self-regulatory strategies at work. We conducted a field experiment (N = 208 individuals; 947 weekly entries) in which we manipulated employees' weekly planning behaviour in their daily work lives. We found negative effects on unfinished tasks and weekly rumination, and positive effects on weekly cognitive flexibility. No significant moderating effects were found. Our study suggests that a brief planning manipulation at the beginning of the week may have multiple benefits and may be an important tool for improving cognitive flexibility. Future research should examine the role of time and mediating variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Uhlig
- Institute of PsychologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- Faculty of PsychologyUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Roman Prem
- Institute of PsychologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Katja Siestrup
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of PsychologyFernUniversität in HagenHagenGermany
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Hennemann S, Wenzel M, Van den Bergh O, Wessels M, Witthöft M. Emotion dynamics and somatic symptoms in everyday life: Ecological momentary assessment in somatic symptom disorder and healthy controls. J Psychosom Res 2023; 172:111429. [PMID: 37406416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Negative affectivity (NA) is associated with the emergence and persistence of physical symptoms with unclear organic pathology. This study investigated the temporal dynamics of NA and somatic symptom burden using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in adults with somatic symptom disorder (SSD) and healthy control participants (HC). METHODS Participants underwent a seven-day, smartphone-based EMA, with 6 randomly-stratified time points per day. NA was assessed using a five-item short form of the Positive and Negative Affectivity Scale (PANAS) and somatic symptom burden with two self-constructed items. 22 persons with SSD and 20 HCs were included in multilevel analyses. RESULTS Within-person analyses showed a significantly stronger (positive) association of concurrent NA with somatic symptom burden in participants with SSD than in HCs, β = 0.15, SE = 0.04, p = .001. Time-lagged analyses demonstrated that, across groups, NA at a previous time point t-1 significantly predicted somatic symptom burden at the subsequent timepoint t, β = 0.09, SE = 0.03, p = .005, but not in the other direction (somatic symptom burdent-1→ NAt, β = 0.01, SE = 0.04, p = .79). Between-person analyses showed that both inertia (i.e., persistence of negative affective states), d = 0.74, and instability (i.e., magnitude of moment-to-moment fluctuations), d = 0.76 of NA were significantly higher in participants with SSD than in HCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings sustain the idea of (negative) affect-driven modulation in somatic signal processing and suggest that interoceptive and emotional differentiation training can advance the psychotherapeutic treatment of SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Hennemann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Mainz, Germany.
| | - Mario Wenzel
- Department of Health Psychology, University of Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Marlene Wessels
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Witthöft
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Mainz, Germany
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Naragon-Gainey K, DeMarree KG, Kyron MJ, McMahon TP, Park J, Biehler KM. Decentering from Emotions in Daily Life: Dynamic Associations with Affect, Symptoms, and Wellbeing. Clin Psychol Sci 2023; 11:841-862. [PMID: 37771501 PMCID: PMC10538949 DOI: 10.1177/21677026221147262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Decentering is thought to be protective against a range of psychological symptoms, but little is known about the outcomes of decentering as a momentary state in daily life. We used ecological momentary assessment (42 reports across one week) to examine the temporal ordering of the associations of decentering with affect, dysphoria, participant-specific idiographic symptoms, and wellbeing. We also hypothesized that greater decentering predicts less inertia (persistence) of each variable, and weakens the association of affect with dysphoria, idiographic symptoms, and wellbeing. Results in 345 community participants indicated that decentering and these variables were mutually reinforcing over time, and that greater decentering was associated with less inertia of negative affect and dysphoria. Decentering generally predicted reduced impact of positive and negative affect on dysphoria symptoms, but results were mixed when predicting idiographic symptoms or wellbeing. Clinical implications and refinements for theory on decentering are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth G. DeMarree
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York
| | - Michael J. Kyron
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia
| | - Tierney P. McMahon
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | | | - Kaitlyn M. Biehler
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York
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Gerstberger L, Blanke ES, Keller J, Brose A. Stress buffering after physical activity engagement: An experience sampling study. Br J Health Psychol 2023; 28:876-892. [PMID: 37037566 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While encountering daily hassles is a normative experience, it poses a threat to individuals' daily affective well-being. However, physical activity engagement may help to reduce the current stress-related impact on affective well-being (i.e. stress buffering), which we investigate in this study. Furthermore, we examined the possible moderating role of people's global stress context (i.e. exposure to major life events and chronic stress) on this within-person stress-buffering effect. DESIGN We approached these ideas using six-times-a-day experience sampling assessments over a period of 22 days. METHODS Drawing on a broad national sample of 156 middle-aged adults from the EE-SOEP-IS study, we aimed to elucidate the naturally occurring within-person dynamics of current stress, physical activity engagement, and momentary affect within individuals' everyday lives. Major life events and chronic stress were measured as between-person variables. RESULTS Multilevel analyses revealed significant within-person associations of current stress and physical activity engagement with momentary affect. Stress-related negative affect was lower when individuals engaged in physical activity, in accordance with the idea of a within-person stress-buffering effect of physical activity engagement. For individuals exposed to more severe major life events, the stress-buffering effect of physical activity engagement for negative affect was lower. Chronic stress did not moderate the within-person stress-buffering effect. CONCLUSIONS Overall, results add to the existing literature that links physical activity to increased stress resilience and emphasizes the need for taking the global between-person stress context into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Gerstberger
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth S Blanke
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Keller
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Brose
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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90
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Carpenter TP, Goedderz A, Lai CK. Individual Differences in Implicit Bias Can Be Measured Reliably by Administering the Same Implicit Association Test Multiple Times. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2023; 49:1363-1378. [PMID: 35751174 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221099372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) as a measure of individual differences is stymied by insufficient test-retest reliability for assessing trait-level constructs. We assess the degree to which the IAT measures individual differences and test a method to improve its validity as a "trait" measure: aggregating across IATs. Across three studies, participants (total n = 960) completed multiple IATs in the same session or across multiple sessions. Using latent-variable models, we found that half of the variance in IAT scores reflects individual differences. Aggregating across multiple IATs approximately doubled the variance explained with explicit measures compared with a single IAT D-score. These findings show that IAT scores contain considerable noise and that a single IAT is inadequate to estimate trait bias. However, aggregation across multiple administrations can correct this and better estimate individual differences in implicit attitudes.
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91
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Lee G, Arieli R, Ryou YJ, Martin P. The bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and functional limitations among centenarian survivors in their 80s: Testing bivariate latent change score models. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:1720-1728. [PMID: 36786734 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2177830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to examine a bivariate latent change score model of depressive symptoms and functional limitations (activities of daily living) among centenarian or near-centenarian survivors over four waves using the Health and Retirement Study. METHOD Four hundred and sixty participants who eventually survived to age 98 or older were included by calculating their death age. Data from the time when the participants were in their 80s were analyzed. The mean age at baseline (1994) was 85.5 years. The observation interval was 2 years, from 1994 to 2000. Including age, gender, and education as a covariate, eight different models were conducted to examine the bivariate effects among depressive symptoms and functional limitations. RESULTS Of the eight models, the bivariate model of depressive symptoms predicting change in functional limitations fitted the data best. The parameter estimates of the final model indicated significant predictive pathways from depressive symptoms to subsequent changes in depressive symptoms and functional limitations. CONCLUSION This study tested the bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and functional limitations among centenarian survivors in their 80s, which uncovered that depressive symptoms is a dominant variable among the two constructs. Our findings add to a lacking number of longitudinal studies with oldest old adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Lee
- Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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92
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Newberger NG, Forkus SR, Thomas ED, Goldstein SC, Ferguson JJ, Sullivan TP, Weiss NH. Ecological investigation of the co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and cannabis use among community women experiencing intimate partner violence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 250:110905. [PMID: 37515827 PMCID: PMC10530157 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) are at increased risk for developing hazardous patterns of cannabis use. Research suggests that women experiencing IPV use cannabis to cope with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. To advance research, we used experience sampling methods to explicate the within-day concurrent and proximal relations between PTSD symptom clusters and cannabis use among women experiencing IPV. METHOD Participants were 145 community women (M age = 40.66, 41.6% white, 31.4% Black, 10.9% Hispanic or Latina, 8% American Indian/Alaska Native, 5.8% Bi-/multi-racial) experiencing IPV and using substances who completed three surveys a day for 30 days. RESULTS Externalizing behavior (OR = 1.37, 95% CI [1.15, 1.65], p < 0.001) and dysphoric arousal (OR = 1.27, 95% CI [1.09, 1.49], p = 0.002) PTSD symptom clusters were associated with cannabis use reported in the same survey period. Results from the lagged models found no proximal associations between PTSD symptom clusters and cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the acute effects of externalizing behavior and dysphoric arousal PTSD symptoms on cannabis use among women experiencing IPV. These findings may inform prevention and intervention efforts for cannabis use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam G Newberger
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Shannon R Forkus
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Emmanuel D Thomas
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Silvi C Goldstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | | | - Tami P Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nicole H Weiss
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
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93
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Forester G, Schaefer LM, Dodd DR, Burr EK, Bartholomay J, Berner L, Crosby RD, Peterson CB, Crow SJ, Engel SG, Wonderlich SA. Time-of-day and day-of-week patterns of binge eating and relevant psychological vulnerabilities in binge-eating disorder. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:1694-1702. [PMID: 37212510 PMCID: PMC10600945 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study sought to characterize the temporal patterns of binge eating and theorized maintenance factors among individuals with binge-eating disorder (BED). METHOD Ecological momentary assessment of 112 individuals and mixed-effects models were used to characterize the within- and between-day temporal patterns of eating behaviors (binge eating, loss of control only eating, and overeating only), positive and negative affect, emotion regulation difficulty, and food craving. RESULTS Risk for binge eating and overeating only was highest around 5:30 p.m., with additional binge-eating peaks around 12:30 and 11:00 p.m. In contrast, loss of control eating without overeating was more likely to occur before 2:00 p.m. Risk for binge eating, loss of control only eating, and overeating only did not vary across days in the week. There was no consistent pattern of change in negative affect throughout the day, but it decreased slightly on the weekend. Positive affect showed a decrease in the evenings and a smaller decrease on the weekend. The within-day patterns of food craving, and to some extent emotion regulation difficulty, resembled the pattern of binge eating, with peaks around meal times and at the end of the night. DISCUSSION Individuals with BED appear most susceptible to binge-eating around dinner time, with heightened risk also observed around lunch time and late evening, though the effects were generally small. These patterns appear to most strongly mimic fluctuations in craving and emotion dysregulation, although future research is needed to test the temporal relationships between these experiences directly. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE It is unknown which times of the day and days of the week individuals with binge-eating disorder are most at risk for binge eating. By assessing binge-eating behaviors in the natural environment across the week, we found that individuals are most likely to binge in the evening, which corresponds to the times when they experience the strongest food craving and difficulty with regulating emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren M. Schaefer
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | | | - Emily K. Burr
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida
| | | | - Laura Berner
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Ross D. Crosby
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Carol B. Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School
| | - Scott J. Crow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School
| | - Scott G. Engel
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Stephen A. Wonderlich
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
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94
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Irmer A, Schmiedek F. Associations between youth's daily social media use and well-being are mediated by upward comparisons. COMMUNICATIONS PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 1:12. [PMID: 39242889 PMCID: PMC11332017 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-023-00013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Studies examining the associations between social media use and subjective well-being have revealed inconsistent results and mainly refer to the between-person level. We conducted a 14-day diary study among 200 youths ages 10 to 14 to examine within- and between-person associations of social media use (Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube), subjective well-being (positive/negative self-worth, positive/negative affect), and upward social comparisons (general impression of others being better off). Multilevel structural equation models showed that social media use was linked to lower positive and higher negative self-worth on a daily basis, and that upward social comparisons were linked to diminished subjective well-being on all dimensions. Furthermore, our findings were consistent with (partial) mediation of the effect of social media use on subjective well-being by upward social comparisons on the between- and within-person levels. Youths' feelings that others are better off than themselves may help explain part of the heterogeneity of previous findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Irmer
- DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, and Center for Research on Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Florian Schmiedek
- DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, and Center for Research on Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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95
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Zhong X, Tang F, Lai D, Guo X, Yang X, Hu R, Li D, Lu Y, Liu S, Leal-Costa C. The Chinese version of the Health Professional Communication Skills Scale: Psychometric evaluation. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1125404. [PMID: 37621938 PMCID: PMC10446878 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1125404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to translate the Health Professional Communication Skills Scale (HP-CSS) into Chinese and assess its psychometric properties. Methods A total of 836 healthcare professionals were recruited. The demographic characteristics form and HP-CSS were used for data collection. The psychometric properties of HP-CSS were evaluated by examining item analysis, construct validity, known-group discriminant validity, internal consistency, and split-half reliability. Results In terms of item analysis, the critical ratio (CR) of 18 items was both >3 (CR ranging from 9.937 to 28.816), and the score of each item was positively correlated with the total score (r ranging from 0.357 to 0.778, P < 0.001). The fit indices showed that the original correlated four-factor model of HP-CSS was adequate: χ2 =722.801; df = 126; χ2/df = 5.737; RMSEA = 0.075; CFI = 0.923; NNFI = 0.908; TLI = 0.906; IFI = 0.923. In terms of known-group discriminant validity, the HP-CSS total score was related to gender, occupation, work years, and communication skill training. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.922, and the split-half reliability was 0.865 for the total scale. Conclusion The Chinese version of the HP-CSS is a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate communication skills among healthcare professionals in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhong
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangmei Tang
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei Lai
- Department of Child Rehabilitation, Chengdu Integrated TCM Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiujing Guo
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Mianyang Central Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Dehua Li
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongguang Lu
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sixu Liu
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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So SHW, Chau AKC, Chung LKH, Leung CM, Chong GH, Chang WC, Mak AD, Chan SS, Lee S, Sommer IE. Moment-to-moment affective dynamics in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2023; 66:e67. [PMID: 37544924 PMCID: PMC10594258 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective disturbances in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder may represent a transdiagnostic etiological process as well as a target of intervention. Hypotheses on similarities and differences in various parameters of affective dynamics (intensity, successive/acute changes, variability, and reactivity to stress) between the two disorders were tested. METHODS Experience sampling method was used to assess dynamics of positive and negative affect, 10 times a day over 6 consecutive days. Patients with schizophrenia (n = 46) and patients with bipolar disorder (n = 46) were compared against age-matched healthy controls (n = 46). RESULTS Compared to controls, the schizophrenia group had significantly more intense momentary negative affect, a lower likelihood of acute changes in positive affect, and reduced within-person variability of positive affect. The bipolar disorder group was not significantly different from either the schizophrenia group or the healthy control group on any affect indexes. Within the schizophrenia group, level of depression was associated with weaker reactivity to stress for negative affect. Within the bipolar disorder group, level of depression was associated with lower positive affect. CONCLUSIONS Patients with schizophrenia endured a more stable and negative affective state than healthy individuals, and were less likely to be uplifted in response to happenings in daily life. There is little evidence that these affective constructs characterize the psychopathology of bipolar disorder; such investigation may have been limited by the heterogeneity within group. Our findings supported the clinical importance of assessing multiple facets of affective dynamics beyond the mean levels of intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Ho-wai So
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anson Kai Chun Chau
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Chung-ming Leung
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - George H.C. Chong
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Arthur D.P. Mak
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sandra S.M. Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sing Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Iris E. Sommer
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands
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Frumkin MR, Greenberg JK, Boyd P, Javeed S, Shayo B, Shin J, Wilson EA, Zhang JK, Sullivan MJL, Haroutounian S, Rodebaugh TL. Establishing the Reliability, Validity, and Prognostic Utility of the Momentary Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Use in Ecological Momentary Assessment Research. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2023; 24:1423-1433. [PMID: 37019164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the marked increase in ecological momentary assessment research, few reliable and valid measures of momentary experiences have been established. The goal of this preregistered study was to establish the reliability, validity, and prognostic utility of the momentary Pain Catastrophizing Scale (mPCS), a 3-item measure developed to assess situational pain catastrophizing. Participants in 2 studies of postsurgical pain outcomes completed the mPCS 3 to 5 times per day prior to surgery (N = 494, T = 20,271 total assessments). The mPCS showed good psychometric properties, including multilevel reliability and factor invariance across time. Participant-level average mPCS was strongly positively correlated with dispositional pain catastrophizing as assessed by the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = .55 and .69 in study 1 and study 2, respectively). To establish prognostic utility, we then examined whether the mPCS improved prediction of postsurgical pain outcomes above and beyond one-time assessment of dispositional pain catastrophizing. Indeed, greater variability in momentary pain catastrophizing prior to surgery was uniquely associated with increased pain immediately after surgery (b = .58, P = .005), after controlling for preoperative pain levels and dispositional pain catastrophizing. Greater average mPCS score prior to surgery was also uniquely associated with lesser day-to-day improvement in postsurgical pain (b = .01, P = .003), whereas dispositional pain catastrophizing was not (b = -.007, P = .099). These results show that the mPCS is a reliable and valid tool for ecological momentary assessment research and highlight its potential utility over and above retrospective measures of pain catastrophizing. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents the psychometric properties and prognostic utility of a new measure to assess momentary pain catastrophizing. This brief, 3-item measure will allow researchers and clinicians to assess fluctuations in pain catastrophizing during individuals' daily lives, as well as dynamic relationships between catastrophizing, pain, and related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn R Frumkin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jacob K Greenberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Preston Boyd
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Saad Javeed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Bulenda Shayo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jin Shin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth A Wilson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Justin K Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Simon Haroutounian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Thomas L Rodebaugh
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
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Yu M, Sun X, Xu Y, Liu Z, Wu Y, Yang S, Luo F. Mirror, mirror, on the social media … WeChat Moments usage and negative body image among female college students: Evidence from ecological momentary assessment data. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:1046-1064. [PMID: 36516998 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Negative body image is prevalent among women and may lead to physical and mental health problems. Social media-including China's most popular platform, WeChat Moments-aggregates multiple aspects of appearance-related pressure and therefore is an important risk factor for negative body image. The current study examines the relationship between WeChat Moments usage and body image among female college students and the mediating mechanism of body surveillance. A sample of 151 female college students completed a 7-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA), responded to three surveys per day, and provided a total of 2949 EMA responses. We used multilevel structural equation modeling (MSEM) to examine the hypothesized models at both the between- and within-individual levels. The results showed that both overall WeChat Moments usage and appearance-related exposure on WeChat Moments were inversely and indirectly related to body image through the mediating role of body surveillance at the between-individual level. However, both overall WeChat Moments usage and appearance-related exposure on WeChat Moments were positively and indirectly related to body image through body surveillance at the within-individual level. Our findings indicate that WeChat Moments usage is associated with college women's body image differently at the between- and within-individual level, and body surveillance serves as a crucial underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Shuting Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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99
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Peschel SKV, Fürtjes S, Voss C, Sigrist C, Berwanger J, Ollmann TM, Kische H, Rückert F, Koenig J, Beesdo-Baum K. Temporal associations between experiential avoidance and disordered eating behaviors in adolescents and young adults: findings from an epidemiological cohort study with ecological momentary assessment. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:58. [PMID: 37405497 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies linking experiential avoidance (EA) and eating pathology have largely relied on single measurements based on traditional retrospective questionnaires. Taking advantage of available repeated assessments of EA and disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) in the everyday lives of young people from an epidemiological cohort, we aimed to investigate ecologically valid temporal associations between these constructs. METHODS A random population sample of N = 1180 14-21-year-olds from Dresden, Germany, participated at baseline (2015/2016). As part of smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA), participants reported on engagement in EA and four DEBs (skipping eating, eating large amounts of food, loss-of-control eating, and restrained eating) up to eight times per day for four days. Multilevel modeling of concurrent and time-lagged associations between EA and DEBs, was conducted among those with at least 50% EMA-compliance (n = 1069). RESULTS EA was associated with higher concurrent levels of all four types of concurrent DEBs. In addition, EA significantly predicted subsequent levels of restrained eating. Only loss-of-control eating significantly predicted subsequent EA, and this effect depended on the timespan between consecutive assessments. When this timespan was short, higher Loss-of-control eating predicted lower subsequent EA, while it predicted higher subsequent EA when the timespan was longer. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that EA is temporally closely linked to greater engagement in DEBs, supporting theoretical assumptions that DEBs may serve an attempted avoidance function in the context of unpleasant inner experiences. Future studies may benefit from examining samples with more pronounced eating pathology. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV: Evidence obtained from multiple time series with or without the intervention, such as case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K V Peschel
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Sophia Fürtjes
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Catharina Voss
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christine Sigrist
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johanna Berwanger
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa M Ollmann
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hanna Kische
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Rückert
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julian Koenig
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katja Beesdo-Baum
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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100
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Schmiedl A, Schulte EM, Kauffeld S. Integrating appraisal processes in the study demands-resources framework - a diary study. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2023; 36:444-459. [PMID: 36041058 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2022.2117306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Students face various demands that can lead to health complaints. Hindering demands appear to be especially harmful. Since the perception of demands differs between persons, their individual appraisal determines stress perception. However, individual appraisal processes are largely neglected in research. Therefore, this study builds on the study demands-resources model in examining the dynamics of students' demand-appraisal processes and their effects on well-being. DESIGN During ten days in a four-week period, 247 students participated in a diary study. METHODS We analyzed our data via multilevel path analysis. RESULTS Our analyses revealed that the student's appraisal of the same demands varied across days and depended on available resources, i.e., the received support quality on the respective day. Appraising demands as hindering was positively linked to the perception of stress on the same day. Daily perception of stress was positively linked to person-level strain and health complaints after four weeks. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the importance of assessing the individual appraisal of demands rather than pre-categorizing demands. Furthermore, our findings identify social support as a crucial resource in reducing hindering appraisal; hence, it should be included in student-focused stress-management interventions. Limitations and further implications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Schmiedl
- Department of Industrial/ Organizational and Social Psychology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Schulte
- Department of Industrial/ Organizational and Social Psychology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Simone Kauffeld
- Department of Industrial/ Organizational and Social Psychology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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