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Zietkiewicz E, Bukowy-Bieryllo Z, Rabiasz A, Daca-Roszak P, Wojda A, Voelkel K, Rutkiewicz E, Pogorzelski A, Rasteiro M, Witt M. CFAP300: Mutations in Slavic Patients with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and a Role in Ciliary Dynein Arms Trafficking. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 61:440-449. [PMID: 30916986 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0260oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare, genetically heterogeneous hereditary disease from a class of ciliopathies. In spite of the recent progress, the genetic basis of PCD in one-third of patients remains unknown. In search for new genes and/or mutations, whole-exome sequencing was performed in 120 unrelated Polish patients with PCD, in whom no genetic cause of PCD was earlier identified. Among a number of pathogenic variants in PCD genes, mutations in CFAP300 (alias C11orf70) were detected. Extended screening in the whole Polish PCD cohort revealed the relatively high frequency (3.6%) of otherwise rare c.[198_200 del_insCC] variant, indicating that it should be included in population-specific genetic tests for PCD in Slavic populations. Immunofluorescence analysis of the respiratory epithelial cells from patients with CFAP300 mutations revealed the absence or aberrant localization of outer and inner dynein arm markers, consistent with transmission electron microscope images indicating the lack of both dynein arms. Interestingly, the disparate localization of DNAH5 and DNALI1 proteins in patients with CFAP300 mutations suggested differential mechanisms for the trafficking of preassembled outer and inner dynein arms to the axoneme. The profile of CFAP300 expression during ciliogenesis in suspension culture was consistent with its role in cilia assembly. Gene silencing experiments, performed in a model organism, Schmidtea mediterranea (flatworm), pointed to the conserved role of CFAP300 in ciliary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Zietkiewicz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Alicja Rabiasz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Alina Wojda
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Voelkel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Rutkiewicz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pogorzelski
- Department of Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Rabka, Poland; and
| | - Margarida Rasteiro
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School-Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michal Witt
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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52
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Shoemark A, Boon M, Brochhausen C, Bukowy-Bieryllo Z, De Santi MM, Goggin P, Griffin P, Hegele RG, Hirst RA, Leigh MW, Lupton A, MacKenney K, Omran H, Pache JC, Pinto A, Reinholt FP, Schroeder J, Yiallouros P, Escudier E. International consensus guideline for reporting transmission electron microscopy results in the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (BEAT PCD TEM Criteria). Eur Respir J 2020; 55:13993003.00725-2019. [PMID: 32060067 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00725-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a heterogeneous genetic condition. European and North American diagnostic guidelines recommend transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as one of a combination of tests to confirm a diagnosis. However, there is no definition of what constitutes a defect or consensus on reporting terminology. The aim of this project was to provide an internationally agreed ultrastructural classification for PCD diagnosis by TEM.A consensus guideline was developed by PCD electron microscopy experts representing 18 centres in 14 countries. An initial meeting and discussion were followed by a Delphi consensus process. The agreed guideline was then tested, modified and retested through exchange of samples and electron micrographs between the 18 diagnostic centres.The final guideline a) provides agreed terminology and a definition of Class 1 defects which are diagnostic for PCD; b) identifies Class 2 defects which can indicate a diagnosis of PCD in combination with other supporting evidence; c) describes features which should be included in a ciliary ultrastructure report to assist multidisciplinary diagnosis of PCD; and d) defines adequacy of a diagnostic sample.This tested and externally validated statement provides a clear guideline for the diagnosis of PCD by TEM which can be used to standardise diagnosis internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Shoemark
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Mieke Boon
- Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Patricia Goggin
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Griffin
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,Royal Childrens Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard G Hegele
- Hospital for Sick Children-University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert A Hirst
- Dept of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Margaret W Leigh
- Dept of Pediatrics and Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alison Lupton
- Pathology Dept, Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karen MacKenney
- NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Heymut Omran
- Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Josep Schroeder
- Institute of Pathology, University Regensburg, Regensberg, Germany
| | | | - Estelle Escudier
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM UMR_S933, (APHP) Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris and CHIC (Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil), Paris, France
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53
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Bian C, Chen W, Ruan Z, Hu Z, Huang Y, Lv Y, Xu T, Li J, Shi Q, Ge W. Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing of casper and roy Zebrafish Mutants Provides Novel Genetic Clues for Iridophore Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072385. [PMID: 32235607 PMCID: PMC7177266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
casper has been a widely used transparent mutant of zebrafish. It possesses a combined loss of reflective iridophores and light-absorbing melanophores, which gives rise to its almost transparent trunk throughout larval and adult stages. Nevertheless, genomic causal mutations of this transparent phenotype are poorly defined. To identify the potential genetic basis of this fascinating morphological phenotype, we constructed genome maps by performing genome sequencing of 28 zebrafish individuals including wild-type AB strain, roy orbison (roy), and casper mutants. A total of 4.3 million high-quality and high-confidence homozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the present study. We also identified a 6.0-Mb linkage disequilibrium block specifically in both roy and casper that was composed of 39 functional genes, of which the mpv17 gene was potentially involved in the regulation of iridophore formation and maintenance. This is the first report of high-confidence genomic mutations in the mpv17 gene of roy and casper that potentially leads to defective splicing as one major molecular clue for the iridophore loss. Additionally, comparative transcriptomic analyses of skin tissues from the AB, roy and casper groups revealed detailed transcriptional changes of several core genes that may be involved in melanophore and iridophore degeneration. In summary, our updated genome and transcriptome sequencing of the casper and roy mutants provides novel genetic clues for the iridophore loss. These new genomic variation maps will offer a solid genetic basis for expanding the zebrafish mutant database and in-depth investigation into pigmentation of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Bian
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (C.B.); (W.C.); (Z.H.)
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; (Z.R.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Weiting Chen
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (C.B.); (W.C.); (Z.H.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ruan
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; (Z.R.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.)
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Zhe Hu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (C.B.); (W.C.); (Z.H.)
| | - Yu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; (Z.R.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.)
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yunyun Lv
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; (Z.R.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Tengfei Xu
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; (Z.R.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Jia Li
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; (Z.R.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Qiong Shi
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; (Z.R.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.)
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Correspondence: (Q.S.); (W.G.); Tel.: +86-185-6627-9826 (Q.S.); +853-8822-4998 (W.G.)
| | - Wei Ge
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (C.B.); (W.C.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence: (Q.S.); (W.G.); Tel.: +86-185-6627-9826 (Q.S.); +853-8822-4998 (W.G.)
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54
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Kyuji A, Patel-King RS, Hisabori T, King SM, Wakabayashi KI. Cilia Loss and Dynein Assembly Defects in Planaria Lacking an Outer Dynein Arm-Docking Complex Subunit. Zoolog Sci 2020; 37:7-13. [PMID: 32068369 DOI: 10.2108/zs190082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The outer dynein arm-docking complex (ODA-DC), which was first identified in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, is a protein complex that mediates the binding of axonemal dynein and doublet microtubules. To gain a better understanding of the evolutionary conservation and functional diversity of the ODA-DC, we knocked down a homolog of DC2, a major subunit of the ODA-DC, in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Planaria are carnivorous flatworms that move by beating cilia on their ventral surface against a secreted mucus layer. These organisms have recently been used for cilia research because knockdown of flatworm genes by RNA interference (RNAi) is readily achieved through feeding with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Lack of DC2 in S. mediterranea caused several defects in cilia, including low beat frequency, decreased ciliary density, and a reduction in ciliary length. The loss of DC2 function C. reinhardtii mutant oda1 shows slow jerky swimming, but has two flagella of almost normal length. These data suggest that the function of a DC2 homolog in S. mediterranea cilia may be somewhat different from DC2 in C. reinhardtii flagella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Kyuji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.,School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ramila S Patel-King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305, USA
| | - Toru Hisabori
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.,School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Stephen M King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305, USA,
| | - Ken-Ichi Wakabayashi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan, .,School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan,
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55
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Thomas L, Bouhouche K, Whitfield M, Thouvenin G, Coste A, Louis B, Szymanski C, Bequignon E, Papon JF, Castelli M, Lemullois M, Dhalluin X, Drouin-Garraud V, Montantin G, Tissier S, Duquesnoy P, Copin B, Dastot F, Couvet S, Barbotin AL, Faucon C, Honore I, Maitre B, Beydon N, Tamalet A, Rives N, Koll F, Escudier E, Tassin AM, Touré A, Mitchell V, Amselem S, Legendre M. TTC12 Loss-of-Function Mutations Cause Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and Unveil Distinct Dynein Assembly Mechanisms in Motile Cilia Versus Flagella. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 106:153-169. [PMID: 31978331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia and flagella are evolutionarily conserved organelles whose motility relies on the outer and inner dynein arm complexes (ODAs and IDAs). Defects in ODAs and IDAs result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a disease characterized by recurrent airway infections and male infertility. PCD mutations in assembly factors have been shown to cause a combined ODA-IDA defect, affecting both cilia and flagella. We identified four loss-of-function mutations in TTC12, which encodes a cytoplasmic protein, in four independent families in which affected individuals displayed a peculiar PCD phenotype characterized by the absence of ODAs and IDAs in sperm flagella, contrasting with the absence of only IDAs in respiratory cilia. Analyses of both primary cells from individuals carrying TTC12 mutations and human differentiated airway cells invalidated for TTC12 by a CRISPR-Cas9 approach revealed an IDA defect restricted to a subset of single-headed IDAs that are different in flagella and cilia, whereas TTC12 depletion in the ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia recapitulated the sperm phenotype. Overall, our study, which identifies TTC12 as a gene involved in PCD, unveils distinct dynein assembly mechanisms in human motile cilia versus flagella.
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56
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King SM, Patel-King RS. The outer dynein arm assembly factor CCDC103 forms molecular scaffolds through multiple self-interaction sites. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2019; 77:25-35. [PMID: 31858719 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
CCDC103 is a small protein with unusual biophysical properties that is required for outer dynein arm assembly on ciliary axonemes. Mutations in both human and zebrafish CCDC103 proteins lead to primary ciliary dyskinesia. Previous studies revealed that this protein can oligomerize and appears to be arrayed along the entire length of the ciliary axoneme. CCDC103 also binds purified microtubules directly and indeed stabilizes them. Here we use biochemical approaches to identify two regions of CCDC103 that mediate self-interaction. In both cases, these associations are stable to heating in the presence of detergent and are not disrupted by strong reducing agents. One interaction region consists of a 27-residue inherently disorder segment that can mediate heat/detergent-resistant dimerization when attached to unrelated monomeric proteins. The second interface includes the C-terminal RPAP3_C alpha helical domain. Our data suggest that CCDC103 can form an unconventional polymer and we propose models for how the monomers might be organized. We also use molecular modeling of the RPAP3_C domain to determine the structural consequences of the pathogenic H154P mutation found in human PCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
| | - Ramila S Patel-King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
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57
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Fassad MR, Patel MP, Shoemark A, Cullup T, Hayward J, Dixon M, Rogers AV, Ollosson S, Jackson C, Goggin P, Hirst RA, Rutman A, Thompson J, Jenkins L, Aurora P, Moya E, Chetcuti P, O'Callaghan C, Morris-Rosendahl DJ, Watson CM, Wilson R, Carr S, Walker W, Pitno A, Lopes S, Morsy H, Shoman W, Pereira L, Constant C, Loebinger MR, Chung EMK, Kenia P, Rumman N, Fasseeh N, Lucas JS, Hogg C, Mitchison HM. Clinical utility of NGS diagnosis and disease stratification in a multiethnic primary ciliary dyskinesia cohort. J Med Genet 2019; 57:322-330. [PMID: 31879361 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a genetically heterogeneous condition enriched in some consanguineous populations, results from recessive mutations affecting cilia biogenesis and motility. Currently, diagnosis requires multiple expert tests. METHODS The diagnostic utility of multigene panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) was evaluated in 161 unrelated families from multiple population ancestries. RESULTS Most (82%) families had affected individuals with biallelic or hemizygous (75%) or single (7%) pathogenic causal alleles in known PCD genes. Loss-of-function alleles dominate (73% frameshift, stop-gain, splice site), most (58%) being homozygous, even in non-consanguineous families. Although 57% (88) of the total 155 diagnostic disease variants were novel, recurrent mutations and mutated genes were detected. These differed markedly between white European (52% of families carry DNAH5 or DNAH11 mutations), Arab (42% of families carry CCDC39 or CCDC40 mutations) and South Asian (single LRRC6 or CCDC103 mutations carried in 36% of families) patients, revealing a striking genetic stratification according to population of origin in PCD. Genetics facilitated successful diagnosis of 81% of families with normal or inconclusive ultrastructure and 67% missing prior ultrastructure results. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the added value of high-throughput targeted NGS in expediting PCD diagnosis. Therefore, there is potential significant patient benefit in wider and/or earlier implementation of genetic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud R Fassad
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mitali P Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amelia Shoemark
- PCD Diagnostic Team and Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Thomas Cullup
- NE Thames Regional Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jane Hayward
- NE Thames Regional Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mellisa Dixon
- PCD Diagnostic Team and Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew V Rogers
- Host Defence Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Ollosson
- PCD Diagnostic Team and Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Claire Jackson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Robert A Hirst
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Andrew Rutman
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - James Thompson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Lucy Jenkins
- NE Thames Regional Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Paul Aurora
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Respiratory, Critical Care and Anaesthesia Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eduardo Moya
- Children's Services (Paediatrics), Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Philip Chetcuti
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Chris O'Callaghan
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,Department of Respiratory, Critical Care and Anaesthesia Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Deborah J Morris-Rosendahl
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Robert Wilson
- Host Defence Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Siobhan Carr
- PCD Diagnostic Team and Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Woolf Walker
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Andreia Pitno
- PCD Diagnostic Team and Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Laboratório de Histologia e Patologia Comparada, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Lopes
- CEDOC, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Heba Morsy
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Walaa Shoman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University Children's Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Luisa Pereira
- Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carolina Constant
- Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Eddie M K Chung
- Population, Policy and Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Priti Kenia
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nisreen Rumman
- Pediatrics Department, Makassed Hospital, East Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nader Fasseeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University Children's Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Claire Hogg
- PCD Diagnostic Team and Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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58
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Rare Human Diseases: Model Organisms in Deciphering the Molecular Basis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121614. [PMID: 31835861 PMCID: PMC6952885 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a recessive heterogeneous disorder of motile cilia, affecting one per 15,000-30,000 individuals; however, the frequency of this disorder is likely underestimated. Even though more than 40 genes are currently associated with PCD, in the case of approximately 30% of patients, the genetic cause of the manifested PCD symptoms remains unknown. Because motile cilia are highly evolutionarily conserved organelles at both the proteomic and ultrastructural levels, analyses in the unicellular and multicellular model organisms can help not only to identify new proteins essential for cilia motility (and thus identify new putative PCD-causative genes), but also to elucidate the function of the proteins encoded by known PCD-causative genes. Consequently, studies involving model organisms can help us to understand the molecular mechanism(s) behind the phenotypic changes observed in the motile cilia of PCD affected patients. Here, we summarize the current state of the art in the genetics and biology of PCD and emphasize the impact of the studies conducted using model organisms on existing knowledge.
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59
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Lucas JS, Davis SD, Omran H, Shoemark A. Primary ciliary dyskinesia in the genomics age. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2019; 8:202-216. [PMID: 31624012 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(19)30374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous syndrome. Impaired function of motile cilia causes failure of mucociliary clearance. Patients typically present with neonatal respiratory distress of unknown cause and then continue to have a daily wet cough, recurrent chest infections, perennial rhinosinusitis, otitis media with effusion, and bronchiectasis. Approximately 50% of patients have situs inversus, and infertility is common. While understanding of the underlying genetics and disease mechanisms have substantially advanced in recent years, there remains a paucity of evidence for treatment. Next-generation sequencing has increased gene discovery, and mutations in more than 40 genes have been reported to cause primary ciliary dyskinesia, with many other genes likely to be discovered. Increased knowledge of cilia genes is challenging perceptions of the clinical phenotype, as some genes reported in the last 5 years are associated with mild respiratory disease. Developments in genomics and molecular medicine are rapidly improving diagnosis, and a genetic cause can be identified in approximately 70% of patients known to have primary ciliary dyskinesia. Groups are now investigating novel and personalised treatments, although gene therapies are unlikely to be available in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK.
| | - Stephanie D Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Heymut Omran
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Amelia Shoemark
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK; Department of Paediatrics, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
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Kempeneers C, Seaton C, Garcia Espinosa B, Chilvers MA. Ciliary functional analysis: Beating a path towards standardization. Pediatr Pulmonol 2019; 54:1627-1638. [PMID: 31313529 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia is an inherited disorder in which respiratory cilia are stationary, or beat in a slow or dyskinetic manner, leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and significant sinopulmonary disease. One diagnostic test is ciliary functional analysis using digital high-speed video microscopy (DHSV), which allows real-time analysis of complete ciliary function, comprising ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and ciliary beat pattern (CBP). However, DHSV lacks standardization. In this paper, the current knowledge of DHSV ciliary functional analysis is presented, and recommendations given for a standardized protocol for ciliary sample collection and processing. A proposal is presented for a quantitative and qualitative CBP evaluation system, to be used to develop international consensus agreement, and future DHSV research areas are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Kempeneers
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Claire Seaton
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bernardo Garcia Espinosa
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mark A Chilvers
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Pierpont ME, Brueckner M, Chung WK, Garg V, Lacro RV, McGuire AL, Mital S, Priest JR, Pu WT, Roberts A, Ware SM, Gelb BD, Russell MW. Genetic Basis for Congenital Heart Disease: Revisited: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2019; 138:e653-e711. [PMID: 30571578 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an updated summary of the state of our knowledge of the genetic contributions to the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease. Since 2007, when the initial American Heart Association scientific statement on the genetic basis of congenital heart disease was published, new genomic techniques have become widely available that have dramatically changed our understanding of the causes of congenital heart disease and, clinically, have allowed more accurate definition of the pathogeneses of congenital heart disease in patients of all ages and even prenatally. Information is presented on new molecular testing techniques and their application to congenital heart disease, both isolated and associated with other congenital anomalies or syndromes. Recent advances in the understanding of copy number variants, syndromes, RASopathies, and heterotaxy/ciliopathies are provided. Insights into new research with congenital heart disease models, including genetically manipulated animals such as mice, chicks, and zebrafish, as well as human induced pluripotent stem cell-based approaches are provided to allow an understanding of how future research breakthroughs for congenital heart disease are likely to happen. It is anticipated that this review will provide a large range of health care-related personnel, including pediatric cardiologists, pediatricians, adult cardiologists, thoracic surgeons, obstetricians, geneticists, genetic counselors, and other related clinicians, timely information on the genetic aspects of congenital heart disease. The objective is to provide a comprehensive basis for interdisciplinary care for those with congenital heart disease.
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Mani R, Belkacem S, Soua Z, Chantot S, Montantin G, Tissier S, Copin B, Bouguila J, Rive Le Gouard N, Boughamoura L, Ben Ameur S, Hachicha M, Boussoffara R, Boussetta K, Hammouda S, Bedoui A, Besbes H, Meddeb S, Chraeit K, Khlifa M, Escudier E, Amselem S, Mabrouk I, Legendre M. Primary ciliary dyskinesia gene contribution in Tunisia: Identification of a major Mediterranean allele. Hum Mutat 2019; 41:115-121. [PMID: 31469207 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous disease of motile cilia. Even though PCD is widely studied, North-African patients have been rarely explored. In this study, we aim at confirming the clinical diagnosis and explore the genetic spectrum of PCD in a cohort of Tunisian patients. Forty clinically diagnosed patients with PCD belonging to 34 families were recruited from Tunisian pediatric departments. In each proband, targeted capture PCD panel sequencing of the 40 PCD genes was performed. PCD panel sequencing identified bi-allelic mutations in 82% of the families in eight PCD genes. Remarkably, 23.5% of patients carried the same c.2190del CCDC39 mutation. Single nucleotide polymorphism profiling in six unrelated patients carrying this mutation has revealed a founder effect in North-African patients. This mutation is estimated to date back at least 1,400-1,750 years ago. The identification of this major allele allowed us to suggest a cost-effective genetic diagnostic strategy in North-African patients with PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Mani
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Unité de recherche "Biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes", UR14ES19, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sabrina Belkacem
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Zohra Soua
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Unité de recherche "Biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes", UR14ES19, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sandra Chantot
- U.F. de Génétique Chromosomique (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Guy Montantin
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Tissier
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Copin
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Rive Le Gouard
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Khadija Boussetta
- Département de Pédiatrie B, Hôpital d'enfant Béchir Hamza, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samia Hammouda
- Département de Pédiatrie B, Hôpital d'enfant Béchir Hamza, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abir Bedoui
- Service de Pédiatrie, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Habib Besbes
- Service de Pédiatrie, CHU Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Seif Meddeb
- Département de Pédiatrie B, Hôpital d'enfant Béchir Hamza, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Karima Chraeit
- Service de Pédiatrie, CHU Mohamed Tlatli, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Monia Khlifa
- Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Régional M'Saken, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Estelle Escudier
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Serge Amselem
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Imed Mabrouk
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Unité de recherche "Biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes", UR14ES19, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Marie Legendre
- INSERM UMR_S933, Sorbonne Université, U.F. de Génétique moléculaire (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
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Sha Y, Xu Y, Wei X, Liu W, Mei L, Lin S, Ji Z, Wang X, Su Z, Qiu P, Chen J, Wang X. CCDC9 is identified as a novel candidate gene of severe asthenozoospermia. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2019; 65:465-473. [PMID: 31502483 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2019.1655812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Sha
- Department of Andrology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, School of Public Health & Women and Children’s Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yankai Xu
- Department of Urology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Libin Mei
- Department of Andrology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, School of Public Health & Women and Children’s Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shaobin Lin
- Department of Andrology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, School of Public Health & Women and Children’s Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiyong Ji
- Department of Andrology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, School of Public Health & Women and Children’s Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Andrology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, School of Public Health & Women and Children’s Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiying Su
- Department of Andrology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, School of Public Health & Women and Children’s Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Pingping Qiu
- Department of Andrology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, School of Public Health & Women and Children’s Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Andrology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, School of Public Health & Women and Children’s Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Pereira R, Oliveira ME, Santos R, Oliveira E, Barbosa T, Santos T, Gonçalves P, Ferraz L, Pinto S, Barros A, Oliveira J, Sousa M. Characterization of CCDC103 expression profiles: further insights in primary ciliary dyskinesia and in human reproduction. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1683-1700. [PMID: 31273583 PMCID: PMC6708006 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PROPOSE To study CCDC103 expression profiles and understand how pathogenic variants in CCDC103 affect its expression profile at mRNA and protein level. METHODS To increase the knowledge about the CCDC103, we attempted genotype-phenotype correlations in two patients carrying novel homozygous (missense and frameshift) CCDC103 variants. Whole-exome sequencing, quantitative PCR, Western blot, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, and immunogold labelling were performed to characterize CCDC103 expression profiles in reproductive and somatic cells. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that pathogenic variants in CCDC103 gene negatively affect gene and protein expression in both patients who presented absence of DA on their axonemes. Further, we firstly report that CCDC103 is expressed at different levels in reproductive tissues and somatic cells and described that CCDC103 protein forms oligomers with tissue-specific sizes, which suggests that CCDC103 possibly undergoes post-translational modifications. Moreover, we reported that CCDC103 was restricted to the midpiece of sperm and is present at the cytoplasm of the other cells. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data support the CCDC103 involvement in PCD and suggest that CCDC103 may have different assemblies and roles in cilia and sperm flagella biology that are still unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Pereira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
| | - M. E. Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Center of Medical Genetics Dr. Jacinto Magalhães (CGMJM), University Hospital Centre of Porto (CHUP), Praça Pedro Nunes, 88, 4099-028 Porto, Portugal
| | - R. Santos
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Center of Medical Genetics Dr. Jacinto Magalhães (CGMJM), University Hospital Centre of Porto (CHUP), Praça Pedro Nunes, 88, 4099-028 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto (FFUP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - E. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
| | - T. Barbosa
- Department of Pediatrics, Maternal Child Centre of the North (CMIN), University Hospital Centre of Porto (CHUP), Largo da Maternidade, 4050-371 Porto, Portugal
| | - T. Santos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, S. Sebastião Hospital, Hospital Centre of entre Douro e Vouga, Rua Dr. Cândido Pinho 5, 4520-211 Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
| | - P. Gonçalves
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, S. Sebastião Hospital, Hospital Centre of entre Douro e Vouga, Rua Dr. Cândido Pinho 5, 4520-211 Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
| | - L. Ferraz
- Department of Urology, Hospital Centre of Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Unit 1, Rua Conceição Fernandes 1079, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - S. Pinto
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros (CGR), Av. do Bessa, 240, 1° Dto. Frente, 4100-012 Porto, Portugal
| | - A. Barros
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros (CGR), Av. do Bessa, 240, 1° Dto. Frente, 4100-012 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - J. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Center of Medical Genetics Dr. Jacinto Magalhães (CGMJM), University Hospital Centre of Porto (CHUP), Praça Pedro Nunes, 88, 4099-028 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Sousa
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
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Patel-King RS, Sakato-Antoku M, Yankova M, King SM. WDR92 is required for axonemal dynein heavy chain stability in cytoplasm. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1834-1845. [PMID: 31116681 PMCID: PMC6727741 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-03-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
WDR92 associates with a prefoldin-like cochaperone complex and known dynein assembly factors. WDR92 has been very highly conserved and has a phylogenetic signature consistent with it playing a role in motile ciliary assembly or activity. Knockdown of WDR92 expression in planaria resulted in ciliary loss, reduced beat frequency and dyskinetic motion of the remaining ventral cilia. We have now identified a Chlamydomonas wdr92 mutant that encodes a protein missing the last four WD repeats. The wdr92-1 mutant builds only ∼0.7-μm cilia lacking both inner and outer dynein arms, but with intact doublet microtubules and central pair. When cytoplasmic extracts prepared by freeze/thaw from a control strain were fractionated by gel filtration, outer arm dynein components were present in several distinct high molecular weight complexes. In contrast, wdr92-1 extracts almost completely lacked all three outer arm heavy chains, while the IFT dynein heavy chain was present in normal amounts. A wdr92-1 tpg1-2 double mutant builds ∼7-μm immotile flaccid cilia that completely lack dynein arms. These data indicate that WDR92 is a key assembly factor specifically required for the stability of axonemal dynein heavy chains in cytoplasm and suggest that cytoplasmic/IFT dynein heavy chains use a distinct folding pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramila S. Patel-King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
| | - Miho Sakato-Antoku
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
| | - Maya Yankova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
| | - Stephen M. King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
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66
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Mianné J, Ahmed E, Bourguignon C, Fieldes M, Vachier I, Bourdin A, Assou S, De Vos J. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Modeling and Personalized Medicine. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 59:672-683. [PMID: 30230352 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0213tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare and heterogeneous genetic disorder that affects the structure and function of motile cilia. In the airway epithelium, impaired ciliary motion results in reduced or absent mucociliary clearance that leads to the appearance of chronic airway infection, sinusitis, and bronchiectasis. Currently, there is no effective treatment for PCD, and research is limited by the lack of convenient models to study this disease and investigate innovative therapies. Furthermore, the high heterogeneity of PCD genotypes is likely to hinder the development of a single therapy for all patients. The generation of patient-derived, induced pluripotent stem cells, and their differentiation into airway epithelium, as well as genome editing technologies, could represent major tools for in vitro PCD modeling and for developing personalized therapies. Here, we review PCD pathogenesis and then discuss how human induced pluripotent stem cells could be used to model this disease for the development of innovative, patient-specific biotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joffrey Mianné
- 1 Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Engi Ahmed
- 1 Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Chloé Bourguignon
- 1 Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Fieldes
- 1 Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Vachier
- 2 PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France; and
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- 2 PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France; and
| | - Said Assou
- 1 Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - John De Vos
- 1 Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,3 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Hospital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France
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67
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Leigh MW, Horani A, Kinghorn B, O'Connor MG, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD): A genetic disorder of motile cilia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:51-75. [PMID: 31572664 DOI: 10.3233/trd-190036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret W Leigh
- Department of Pediatrics and Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Amjad Horani
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - BreAnna Kinghorn
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael G O'Connor
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Maimoona A Zariwala
- Department of Pathology/Lab Medicine and Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Michael R Knowles
- Department of Medicine and Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Sasaki K, Shiba K, Nakamura A, Kawano N, Satouh Y, Yamaguchi H, Morikawa M, Shibata D, Yanase R, Jokura K, Nomura M, Miyado M, Takada S, Ueno H, Nonaka S, Baba T, Ikawa M, Kikkawa M, Miyado K, Inaba K. Calaxin is required for cilia-driven determination of vertebrate laterality. Commun Biol 2019; 2:226. [PMID: 31240264 PMCID: PMC6586612 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calaxin is a Ca2+-binding dynein-associated protein that regulates flagellar and ciliary movement. In ascidians, calaxin plays essential roles in chemotaxis of sperm. However, nothing has been known for the function of calaxin in vertebrates. Here we show that the mice with a null mutation in Efcab1, which encodes calaxin, display typical phenotypes of primary ciliary dyskinesia, including hydrocephalus, situs inversus, and abnormal motility of trachea cilia and sperm flagella. Strikingly, both males and females are viable and fertile, indicating that calaxin is not essential for fertilization in mice. The 9 + 2 axonemal structures of epithelial multicilia and sperm flagella are normal, but the formation of 9 + 0 nodal cilia is significantly disrupted. Knockout of calaxin in zebrafish also causes situs inversus due to the irregular ciliary beating of Kupffer's vesicle cilia, although the 9 + 2 axonemal structure appears to remain normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sasaki
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Kogiku Shiba
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Akihiro Nakamura
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Natsuko Kawano
- Department of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa, 214-8574 Japan
| | - Yuhkoh Satouh
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Motohiro Morikawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Daisuke Shibata
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Ryuji Yanase
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Kei Jokura
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Mami Nomura
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
| | - Mami Miyado
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Hironori Ueno
- Molecular Function & Life Sciences, Aichi University of Education, Aichi, 448-8542 Japan
| | - Shigenori Nonaka
- Spatiotemporal Regulations Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
- Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Tadashi Baba
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, and Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577 Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masahide Kikkawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Kenji Miyado
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Kazuo Inaba
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, 415-0025 Japan
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Abstract
An elegant new study shows that multiciliated cells in the noses of aquatic vertebrates generate flow fields that help odor detection and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan C F Neuhauss
- University of Zurich, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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70
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Recent Developments in mRNA-Based Protein Supplementation Therapy to Target Lung Diseases. Mol Ther 2019; 27:803-823. [PMID: 30905577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein supplementation therapy using in vitro-transcribed (IVT) mRNA for genetic diseases contains huge potential as a new class of therapy. From the early ages of synthetic mRNA discovery, a great number of studies showed the versatile use of IVT mRNA as a novel approach to supplement faulty or absent protein and also as a vaccine. Many modifications have been made to produce high expressions of mRNA causing less immunogenicity and more stability. Recent advancements in the in vivo lung delivery of mRNA complexed with various carriers encouraged the whole mRNA community to tackle various genetic lung diseases. This review gives a comprehensive overview of cells associated with various lung diseases and recent advancements in mRNA-based protein replacement therapy. This review also covers a brief summary of developments in mRNA modifications and nanocarriers toward clinical translation.
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Yang F, Scarbrough C, Sisson JH, Wirschell M. PKA, PP1, and DC1 phosphorylation mediate alcohol-induced ciliary dysfunction in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Alcohol 2019; 75:31-38. [PMID: 30336351 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption impairs mucociliary clearance, in part, by compromising ciliary movement. Our previous study found alcohol reduces ciliary beat frequency in Chlamydomonas through a mechanism that involves the β and γ heavy chains of the outer dynein arm (ODA). Moreover, we identified DC1, a subunit of the ODA-docking complex (ODA-DC), as the first ciliary target for alcohol. DC1 phosphorylation is alcohol sensitive and correlates with alcohol-induced ciliary dysfunction (AICD). Furthermore, DC1 phosphorylation is disrupted in the absence of the central pair and ODA. These results implicate a role for DC1 phosphorylation in regulating the ODA activity and mediating AICD. In our current study, we identified four alcohol-sensitive phosphosites in DC1: S33, T73, T351, and S628. Mutations of these sites rescue the assembly of the ODA-DC and ODA, resulting in wild-type swimming velocities. When cells were challenged with alcohol, we determined that three sites, S33, T351, and S628, are critical for mediating the ciliary slowing effects of alcohol. This result is consistent with our pharmacological studies, which reveal that both PP1 and PKA activities are required for AICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS 39216, United States
| | - Chasity Scarbrough
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS 39216, United States
| | - Joseph H Sisson
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, 985910 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5910, United States
| | - Maureen Wirschell
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
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72
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Lord J, McMullan DJ, Eberhardt RY, Rinck G, Hamilton SJ, Quinlan-Jones E, Prigmore E, Keelagher R, Best SK, Carey GK, Mellis R, Robart S, Berry IR, Chandler KE, Cilliers D, Cresswell L, Edwards SL, Gardiner C, Henderson A, Holden ST, Homfray T, Lester T, Lewis RA, Newbury-Ecob R, Prescott K, Quarrell OW, Ramsden SC, Roberts E, Tapon D, Tooley MJ, Vasudevan PC, Weber AP, Wellesley DG, Westwood P, White H, Parker M, Williams D, Jenkins L, Scott RH, Kilby MD, Chitty LS, Hurles ME, Maher ER. Prenatal exome sequencing analysis in fetal structural anomalies detected by ultrasonography (PAGE): a cohort study. Lancet 2019; 393:747-757. [PMID: 30712880 PMCID: PMC6386638 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31940-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal structural anomalies, which are detected by ultrasonography, have a range of genetic causes, including chromosomal aneuploidy, copy number variations (CNVs; which are detectable by chromosomal microarrays), and pathogenic sequence variants in developmental genes. Testing for aneuploidy and CNVs is routine during the investigation of fetal structural anomalies, but there is little information on the clinical usefulness of genome-wide next-generation sequencing in the prenatal setting. We therefore aimed to evaluate the proportion of fetuses with structural abnormalities that had identifiable variants in genes associated with developmental disorders when assessed with whole-exome sequencing (WES). METHODS In this prospective cohort study, two groups in Birmingham and London recruited patients from 34 fetal medicine units in England and Scotland. We used whole-exome sequencing (WES) to evaluate the presence of genetic variants in developmental disorder genes (diagnostic genetic variants) in a cohort of fetuses with structural anomalies and samples from their parents, after exclusion of aneuploidy and large CNVs. Women were eligible for inclusion if they were undergoing invasive testing for identified nuchal translucency or structural anomalies in their fetus, as detected by ultrasound after 11 weeks of gestation. The partners of these women also had to consent to participate. Sequencing results were interpreted with a targeted virtual gene panel for developmental disorders that comprised 1628 genes. Genetic results related to fetal structural anomaly phenotypes were then validated and reported postnatally. The primary endpoint, which was assessed in all fetuses, was the detection of diagnostic genetic variants considered to have caused the fetal developmental anomaly. FINDINGS The cohort was recruited between Oct 22, 2014, and June 29, 2017, and clinical data were collected until March 31, 2018. After exclusion of fetuses with aneuploidy and CNVs, 610 fetuses with structural anomalies and 1202 matched parental samples (analysed as 596 fetus-parental trios, including two sets of twins, and 14 fetus-parent dyads) were analysed by WES. After bioinformatic filtering and prioritisation according to allele frequency and effect on protein and inheritance pattern, 321 genetic variants (representing 255 potential diagnoses) were selected as potentially pathogenic genetic variants (diagnostic genetic variants), and these variants were reviewed by a multidisciplinary clinical review panel. A diagnostic genetic variant was identified in 52 (8·5%; 95% CI 6·4-11·0) of 610 fetuses assessed and an additional 24 (3·9%) fetuses had a variant of uncertain significance that had potential clinical usefulness. Detection of diagnostic genetic variants enabled us to distinguish between syndromic and non-syndromic fetal anomalies (eg, congenital heart disease only vs a syndrome with congenital heart disease and learning disability). Diagnostic genetic variants were present in 22 (15·4%) of 143 fetuses with multisystem anomalies (ie, more than one fetal structural anomaly), nine (11·1%) of 81 fetuses with cardiac anomalies, and ten (15·4%) of 65 fetuses with skeletal anomalies; these phenotypes were most commonly associated with diagnostic variants. However, diagnostic genetic variants were least common in fetuses with isolated increased nuchal translucency (≥4·0 mm) in the first trimester (in three [3·2%] of 93 fetuses). INTERPRETATION WES facilitates genetic diagnosis of fetal structural anomalies, which enables more accurate predictions of fetal prognosis and risk of recurrence in future pregnancies. However, the overall detection of diagnostic genetic variants in a prospectively ascertained cohort with a broad range of fetal structural anomalies is lower than that suggested by previous smaller-scale studies of fewer phenotypes. WES improved the identification of genetic disorders in fetuses with structural abnormalities; however, before clinical implementation, careful consideration should be given to case selection to maximise clinical usefulness. FUNDING UK Department of Health and Social Care and The Wellcome Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominic J McMullan
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Susan J Hamilton
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elizabeth Quinlan-Jones
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Women's and Newborn Health, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Rebecca Keelagher
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sunayna K Best
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Georgina K Carey
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rhiannon Mellis
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Sarah Robart
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Ian R Berry
- The Leeds Genetics Laboratory, St James's University Hospital, Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Kate E Chandler
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Deirdre Cilliers
- Oxford Genomic Medicine Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Lara Cresswell
- Department of Cytogenetics, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Sandra L Edwards
- Cytogenetics Service, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Carol Gardiner
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alex Henderson
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Simon T Holden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tessa Homfray
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tracy Lester
- Oxford Regional Genetics Services, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca A Lewis
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Ruth Newbury-Ecob
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Katrina Prescott
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Oliver W Quarrell
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon C Ramsden
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Eileen Roberts
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Dagmar Tapon
- Centre for Fetal Care, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Madeleine J Tooley
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pradeep C Vasudevan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Astrid P Weber
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Diana G Wellesley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Wessex Regional Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Westwood
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Helen White
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Wessex Regional Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Michael Parker
- The Ethox Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health and Wellcome Centre for Ethics and Humanities, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Denise Williams
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lucy Jenkins
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Richard H Scott
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Mark D Kilby
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Women's and Newborn Health, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lyn S Chitty
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | | | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge, UK.
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73
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Zur Lage P, Newton FG, Jarman AP. Survey of the Ciliary Motility Machinery of Drosophila Sperm and Ciliated Mechanosensory Neurons Reveals Unexpected Cell-Type Specific Variations: A Model for Motile Ciliopathies. Front Genet 2019; 10:24. [PMID: 30774648 PMCID: PMC6367277 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The motile cilium/flagellum is an ancient eukaryotic organelle. The molecular machinery of ciliary motility comprises a variety of cilium-specific dynein motor complexes along with other complexes that regulate their activity. Assembling the motors requires the function of dedicated “assembly factors” and transport processes. In humans, mutation of any one of at least 40 different genes encoding components of the motility apparatus causes Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD), a disease of defective ciliary motility. Recently, Drosophila has emerged as a model for motile cilia biology and motile ciliopathies. This is somewhat surprising as most Drosophila cells lack cilia, and motile cilia are confined to just two specialized cell types: the sperm flagellum with a 9+2 axoneme and the ciliated dendrite of auditory/proprioceptive (chordotonal, Ch) neurons with a 9+0 axoneme. To determine the utility of Drosophila as a model for motile cilia, we survey the Drosophila genome for ciliary motility gene homologs, and assess their expression and function. We find that the molecules of cilium motility are well conserved in Drosophila. Most are readily characterized by their restricted cell-type specific expression patterns and phenotypes. There are also striking differences between the two motile ciliated cell types. Notably, sperm and Ch neuron cilia express and require entirely different outer dynein arm variants—the first time this has been clearly established in any organism. These differences might reflect the specialized functions for motility in the two cilium types. Moreover, the Ch neuron cilia lack the critical two-headed inner arm dynein (I1/f) but surprisingly retain key regulatory proteins previously associated with it. This may have implications for other motile 9+0 cilia, including vertebrate embryonic nodal cilia required for left-right axis asymmetry. We discuss the possibility that cell-type specificity in ciliary motility machinery might occur in humans, and therefore underlie some of the phenotypic variation observed in PCD caused by different gene mutations. Our work lays the foundation for the increasing use of Drosophila as an excellent model for new motile ciliary gene discovery and validation, for understanding motile cilium function and assembly, as well as understanding the nature of genetic defects underlying human motile ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Zur Lage
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fay G Newton
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P Jarman
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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74
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Olstad EW, Ringers C, Hansen JN, Wens A, Brandt C, Wachten D, Yaksi E, Jurisch-Yaksi N. Ciliary Beating Compartmentalizes Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow in the Brain and Regulates Ventricular Development. Curr Biol 2019; 29:229-241.e6. [PMID: 30612902 PMCID: PMC6345627 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Motile cilia are miniature, propeller-like extensions, emanating from many cell types across the body. Their coordinated beating generates a directional fluid flow, which is essential for various biological processes, from respiration to reproduction. In the nervous system, ependymal cells extend their motile cilia into the brain ventricles and contribute to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. Although motile cilia are not the only contributors to CSF flow, their functioning is crucial, as patients with motile cilia defects develop clinical features, like hydrocephalus and scoliosis. CSF flow was suggested to primarily deliver nutrients and remove waste, but recent studies emphasized its role in brain development and function. Nevertheless, it remains poorly understood how ciliary beating generates and organizes CSF flow to fulfill these roles. Here, we study motile cilia and CSF flow in the brain ventricles of larval zebrafish. We identified that different populations of motile ciliated cells are spatially organized and generate a directional CSF flow powered by ciliary beating. Our investigations revealed that CSF flow is confined within individual ventricular cavities, with little exchange of fluid between ventricles, despite a pulsatile CSF displacement caused by the heartbeat. Interestingly, our results showed that the ventricular boundaries supporting this compartmentalized CSF flow are abolished during bodily movement, highlighting that multiple physiological processes regulate the hydrodynamics of CSF flow. Finally, we showed that perturbing cilia reduces hydrodynamic coupling between the brain ventricles and disrupts ventricular development. We propose that motile-cilia-generated flow is crucial in regulating the distribution of CSF within and across brain ventricles. Spatially organized motile cilia with rotational beats create directional CSF flow Ciliary beating, heartbeat, and locomotion generate distinct components of CSF flow Joint action of these components balances CSF compartmentalization and dispersion Disruption of ciliary beating leads to ventricular defects during brain development
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie W Olstad
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, The Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christa Ringers
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, The Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan N Hansen
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, The Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway; Institute of Innate Immunity, Department of Biophysical Imaging, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Adinda Wens
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, The Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Cecilia Brandt
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, The Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Department of Biophysical Imaging, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Emre Yaksi
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, The Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Edvard Griegs Gate 8, 7030 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, The Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Edvard Griegs Gate 8, 7030 Trondheim, Norway.
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75
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Lynham J, Houry WA. The Multiple Functions of the PAQosome: An R2TP- and URI1 Prefoldin-Based Chaperone Complex. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1106:37-72. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-00737-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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76
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Xie S, Jin J, Xu Z, Huang Y, Zhang W, Zhao L, Lo LJ, Peng J, Liu W, Wang F, Shu Q, Zhou T. Centrosomal protein FOR20 is essential for cilia-dependent development in zebrafish embryos. FASEB J 2018; 33:3613-3622. [PMID: 30475641 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801235rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Centrosomal proteins play critical roles in ciliogenesis. Mutations in many centrosomal proteins have been documented to contribute to developmental defects and cilium-related diseases. Centrosomal protein fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 oncogene partner-related protein of 20 kDa (FOR20) is crucial for ciliogenesis in mammalian cells and the unicellular eukaryote Paramecium; however, the biologic significance of FOR20 in vertebrate development remains unclear. We cloned the zebrafish homolog of the for20 gene and found that for20 mRNA is enriched in ciliated tissues during early zebrafish development. Knockdown of for20 by morpholino oligonucleotides in zebrafish results in multiple ciliary phenotypes, including curved body, hydrocephaly, pericardial edema, kidney cysts, and left-right asymmetry defects. for20 morphants show reduced number and length of cilia in Kupffer's vesicle and pronephric ducts. High-speed video microscopy reveals that cilia in most for20 morphants are consistently paralyzed or beat arrhythmically. To confirm the ciliary phenotypes of for20 morphants, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to disrupt for20 gene in zebrafish. for20 mutants exhibit multiple ciliary phenotypes resembling the defects in for20 morphants. All of these phenotypes in for20 morphants and mutants are significantly reversed by exogenous expression of for20 mRNA. Taken together, these data suggest that FOR20 is required for cilium-mediated processes during zebrafish embryogenesis.-Xie, S., Jin, J., Xu, Z., Huang, Y., Zhang, W., Zhao, L., Lo, L. J., Peng, J., Liu, W., Wang, F., Shu, Q., Zhou, T. Centrosomal protein FOR20 is essential for cilia-dependent development in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xie
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangqi Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Jan Lo
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; and
| | - Jinrong Peng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; and
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Joint Institute of Genetics and Genomic Medicine between Zhejiang University and University of Toronto, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang X, Jia S, Chen Z, Chong YL, Xie H, Feng D, Wu X, Song DZ, Roy S, Zhao C. Cilia-driven cerebrospinal fluid flow directs expression of urotensin neuropeptides to straighten the vertebrate body axis. Nat Genet 2018; 50:1666-1673. [DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Sanders CD, Leigh MW, Chao KC, Weck KE, King I, Wolf WE, Campbell DJ, Knowles MR, Zariwala MA, Shapiro AJ. The prevalence of the defining features of primary ciliary dyskinesia within a cri du chat syndrome cohort. Pediatr Pulmonol 2018; 53:1565-1573. [PMID: 30238669 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and cri du chat syndrome (CdCS) are distinct disorders that can co-occur due to a common genetic locus on chromosome 5p. Chronic respiratory symptoms associated with PCD can occur in CdCS and are typically attributed to hypotonia, dysphagia, and aspiration. The prevalence of PCD among individuals with CdCS is not known. METHODS An online survey assessing common features of PCD was distributed to members of the 5P Minus Society, a cri du chat patient advocacy group. Respondents who met criteria for elevated risk of PCD (at least 3 symptoms or other features highly suggestive of PCD) were offered PCD genetic testing. RESULTS For the 123 respondents (median age 10.1 years with IQR 5.5-17.3 years; from 33 U.S. states and 10 other countries) chronic respiratory symptoms associated with PCD were prevalent, including unexplained neonatal respiratory distress, year-round nasal congestion beginning in infancy, and year-round, wet cough beginning in infancy in 35%, 32%, and 20% of respondents, respectively. Fifteen respondents (12%) met criteria for elevated risk for PCD and completed genetic analysis; however, none were diagnostic for PCD. A PCD clinical center evaluated an additional subject with CdCS who met criteria for likely PCD and had negative genetics, but had diagnostic electron microscopy of the respiratory cilia (missing outer dynein arms). CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware of the genetic connection between CdCS and PCD. Non-informative genetic testing does not rule out PCD. CdCS patients with chronic respiratory symptoms may benefit from referral to specialized PCD diagnostic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine D Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Margaret W Leigh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Marsico Lung Institute, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kay C Chao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Marsico Lung Institute, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Karen E Weck
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Marsico Lung Institute, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ian King
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Whitney E Wolf
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Marsico Lung Institute, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dennis J Campbell
- Department of Leadership and Teacher Education, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Michael R Knowles
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Marsico Lung Institute, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Maimoona A Zariwala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Marsico Lung Institute, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Adam J Shapiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec
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79
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Elmonem MA, Berlingerio SP, van den Heuvel LP, de Witte PA, Lowe M, Levtchenko EN. Genetic Renal Diseases: The Emerging Role of Zebrafish Models. Cells 2018; 7:cells7090130. [PMID: 30200518 PMCID: PMC6162634 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural and functional similarity of the larval zebrafish pronephros to the human nephron, together with the recent development of easier and more precise techniques to manipulate the zebrafish genome have motivated many researchers to model human renal diseases in the zebrafish. Over the last few years, great advances have been made, not only in the modeling techniques of genetic diseases in the zebrafish, but also in how to validate and exploit these models, crossing the bridge towards more informative explanations of disease pathophysiology and better designed therapeutic interventions in a cost-effective in vivo system. Here, we review the significant progress in these areas giving special attention to the renal phenotype evaluation techniques. We further discuss the future applications of such models, particularly their role in revealing new genetic diseases of the kidney and their potential use in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Elmonem
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Development and Regeneration, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 817, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 11628 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sante Princiero Berlingerio
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Development and Regeneration, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 817, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lambertus P van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Development and Regeneration, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 817, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter A de Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Bio-Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Martin Lowe
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Elena N Levtchenko
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Development and Regeneration, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 817, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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80
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Wu J, Zhao Y, Park YK, Lee JY, Gao L, Zhao J, Wang L. Loss of PDK4 switches the hepatic NF-κB/TNF pathway from pro-survival to pro-apoptosis. Hepatology 2018; 68:1111-1124. [PMID: 29603325 PMCID: PMC6165716 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It has been established that nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) members promote survival by upregulating antiapoptotic genes and that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB is required for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. In this study, we demonstrate that this pro-survival pathway is switched to pro-apoptosis under pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4)-deficient conditions. PDK4-deficiency triggered hepatic apoptosis concomitantly with increased numbers of aberrant mitochondria, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, sustained c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) activation, and reduction of glutathione (GSH). Interestingly, PDK4 retained p65 in cytoplasm via a direct protein-protein interaction. Disruption of PDK4-p65 association promoted p65 nuclear translocation. This, in turn, facilitated p65 binding to the TNF promoter to activate TNF-TNFR1 apoptotic pathway. Pdk4-/- livers were sensitized to Jo2 and D-(+)-Galactosamine /Lipopolysaccharide (GalN/LPS)-mediated apoptotic injury which was prevented by the inhibition of p65 or TNFR1. The pro-survival activity of TNF was shifted, which was switched to a pro-apoptotic activity in Pdk4-/- hepatocytes as a result of impaired activation of pro-survival NF-κB targets. Conclusion: PDK4 is indispensable to dictate the fate of TNF/NF-κB-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. (Hepatology 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,Corresponding author: Jianguo Wu (), 75 North Eagleville Rd., U3156, Storrs, CT 06269. Tel: 860-486-0857; Fax: 860-486-3303
| | - Yulan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Young-Ki Park
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
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81
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Edwards BFL, Wheeler RJ, Barker AR, Moreira-Leite FF, Gull K, Sunter JD. Direction of flagellum beat propagation is controlled by proximal/distal outer dynein arm asymmetry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7341-E7350. [PMID: 30030284 PMCID: PMC6077732 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1805827115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 9 + 2 axoneme structure of the motile flagellum/cilium is an iconic, apparently symmetrical cellular structure. Recently, asymmetries along the length of motile flagella have been identified in a number of organisms, typically in the inner and outer dynein arms. Flagellum-beat waveforms are adapted for different functions. They may start either near the flagellar tip or near its base and may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. We hypothesized that proximal/distal asymmetry in the molecular composition of the axoneme may control the site of waveform initiation and the direction of waveform propagation. The unicellular eukaryotic pathogens Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania mexicana often switch between tip-to-base and base-to-tip waveforms, making them ideal for analysis of this phenomenon. We show here that the proximal and distal portions of the flagellum contain distinct outer dynein arm docking-complex heterodimers. This proximal/distal asymmetry is produced and maintained through growth by a concentration gradient of the proximal docking complex, generated by intraflagellar transport. Furthermore, this asymmetry is involved in regulating whether a tip-to-base or base-to-tip beat occurs, which is linked to a calcium-dependent switch. Our data show that the mechanism for generating proximal/distal flagellar asymmetry can control waveform initiation and propagation direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard John Wheeler
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, OX1 3RE Oxford, United Kingdom;
| | - Amy Rachel Barker
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, OX1 3RE Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Keith Gull
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, OX1 3RE Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Daniel Sunter
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, OX3 0BP Oxford, United Kingdom
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82
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C11orf70 Mutations Disrupting the Intraflagellar Transport-Dependent Assembly of Multiple Axonemal Dyneins Cause Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:956-972. [PMID: 29727692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous disorder characterized by destructive respiratory disease and laterality abnormalities due to randomized left-right body asymmetry. PCD is mostly caused by mutations affecting the core axoneme structure of motile cilia that is essential for movement. Genes that cause PCD when mutated include a group that encode proteins essential for the assembly of the ciliary dynein motors and the active transport process that delivers them from their cytoplasmic assembly site into the axoneme. We screened a cohort of affected individuals for disease-causing mutations using a targeted next generation sequencing panel and identified two unrelated families (three affected children) with mutations in the uncharacterized C11orf70 gene (official gene name CFAP300). The affected children share a consistent PCD phenotype from early life with laterality defects and immotile respiratory cilia displaying combined loss of inner and outer dynein arms (IDA+ODA). Phylogenetic analysis shows C11orf70 is highly conserved, distributed across species similarly to proteins involved in the intraflagellar transport (IFT)-dependant assembly of axonemal dyneins. Paramecium C11orf70 RNAi knockdown led to combined loss of ciliary IDA+ODA with reduced cilia beating and swim velocity. Tagged C11orf70 in Paramecium and Chlamydomonas localizes mainly in the cytoplasm with a small amount in the ciliary component. IFT139/TTC21B (IFT-A protein) and FLA10 (IFT kinesin) depletion experiments show that its transport within cilia is IFT dependent. During ciliogenesis, C11orf70 accumulates at the ciliary tips in a similar distribution to the IFT-B protein IFT46. In summary, C11orf70 is essential for assembly of dynein arms and C11orf70 mutations cause defective cilia motility and PCD.
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83
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Höben IM, Hjeij R, Olbrich H, Dougherty GW, Nöthe-Menchen T, Aprea I, Frank D, Pennekamp P, Dworniczak B, Wallmeier J, Raidt J, Nielsen KG, Philipsen MC, Santamaria F, Venditto L, Amirav I, Mussaffi H, Prenzel F, Wu K, Bakey Z, Schmidts M, Loges NT, Omran H. Mutations in C11orf70 Cause Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia with Randomization of Left/Right Body Asymmetry Due to Defects of Outer and Inner Dynein Arms. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:973-984. [PMID: 29727693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is characterized by chronic airway disease, male infertility, and randomization of the left/right body axis as a result of defects of motile cilia and sperm flagella. We identified loss-of-function mutations in the open-reading frame C11orf70 in PCD individuals from five distinct families. Transmission electron microscopy analyses and high-resolution immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrate that loss-of-function mutations in C11orf70 cause immotility of respiratory cilia and sperm flagella, respectively, as a result of the loss of axonemal outer (ODAs) and inner dynein arms (IDAs), indicating that C11orf70 is involved in cytoplasmic assembly of dynein arms. Expression analyses of C11orf70 showed that C11orf70 is expressed in ciliated respiratory cells and that the expression of C11orf70 is upregulated during ciliogenesis, similar to other previously described cytoplasmic dynein-arm assembly factors. Furthermore, C11orf70 shows an interaction with cytoplasmic ODA/IDA assembly factor DNAAF2, supporting our hypothesis that C11orf70 is a preassembly factor involved in the pathogenesis of PCD. The identification of additional genetic defects that cause PCD and male infertility is of great importance for the clinic as well as for genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga M Höben
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Rim Hjeij
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Heike Olbrich
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Gerard W Dougherty
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Tabea Nöthe-Menchen
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Isabella Aprea
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Diana Frank
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Petra Pennekamp
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Bernd Dworniczak
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Julia Wallmeier
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Johanna Raidt
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Kim G Nielsen
- Danish PCD Centre, Pediatrics Pulmonary Service, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria C Philipsen
- Danish PCD Centre, Pediatrics Pulmonary Service, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francesca Santamaria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Venditto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Israel Amirav
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, T6G 1C9 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Huda Mussaffi
- Schneider Children's Medical Center, 4920235 Petach-Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Freerk Prenzel
- Clinic for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kaman Wu
- Genome Research Division, Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525KL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Zeineb Bakey
- Genome Research Division, Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525KL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Genome Research Division, Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525KL Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Pediatric Genetics Division, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg University, Mathildenstrasse 1, 79112 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niki T Loges
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Heymut Omran
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
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84
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Guan WJ, Li JC, Liu F, Zhou J, Liu YP, Ling C, Gao YH, Li HM, Yuan JJ, Huang Y, Chen CL, Chen RC, Zhang X, Zhong NS. Next-generation sequencing for identifying genetic mutations in adults with bronchiectasis. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:2618-2630. [PMID: 29997923 PMCID: PMC6006054 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.04.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defective airway host-defense (e.g., altered mucus properties, ciliary defects) contributes to the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. This study aims to determine whether genetic mutations associated with defective airway host-defense are implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. METHODS Based on the systematic screening of 32 frequently reported bronchiectasis-associated genes, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on peripheral blood samples from 192 bronchiectasis patients and 100 healthy subjects. The variant distribution frequency and pathogenicity of mutations were analyzed. RESULTS We identified 162 rare variants in 192 bronchiectasis patients, and 85 rare variants among 100 healthy subjects. Among bronchiectasis patients, 25 (15.4%), 117 (72.2%) and 18 (11.1%) rare variants were associated with cystic fibrosis transmembrane receptor (CFTR), epithelial sodium channel, and primary ciliary dyskinesia genes, respectively. Biallelic CFTR variants were detected in four bronchiectasis patients but none of the healthy subjects. Carriers of homozygous p.M470 plus at least one CFTR rare variant were detected in 6.3% of bronchiectasis patients (n=12) and in 1.0% of healthy subjects (n=1, P=0.039). Twenty-six patients (16 with idiopathic and 6 with post-infectious bronchiectasis) harbored biallelic variants. Bronchiectasis patients with biallelic DNAH5 variants, or biallelic CFTR variants plus an epithelial sodium channel variant, tended to have greater disease severity. CONCLUSIONS Genetic mutations leading to impaired host-defense might have implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. Genetic screening may be a useful tool for unraveling the underlying causes of bronchiectasis, and offers molecular information which is complementary to conventional etiologic assessment for bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jie Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Li
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Fang Liu
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Chao Ling
- Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yong-Hua Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hui-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Chun-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rong-Chang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Nan-Shan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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85
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Kumar D, Thomason RT, Yankova M, Gitlin JD, Mains RE, Eipper BA, King SM. Microvillar and ciliary defects in zebrafish lacking an actin-binding bioactive peptide amidating enzyme. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4547. [PMID: 29540787 PMCID: PMC5852006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22732-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The assembly of membranous extensions such as microvilli and cilia in polarized cells is a tightly regulated, yet poorly understood, process. Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), a membrane enzyme essential for the synthesis of amidated bioactive peptides, was recently identified in motile and non-motile (primary) cilia and has an essential role in ciliogenesis in Chlamydomonas, Schmidtea and mouse. In mammalian cells, changes in PAM levels alter secretion and organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Here we show that lack of Pam in zebrafish recapitulates the lethal edematous phenotype observed in Pam -/- mice and reveals additional defects. The pam -/- zebrafish embryos display an initial striking loss of microvilli and subsequently impaired ciliogenesis in the pronephros. In multiciliated mouse tracheal epithelial cells, vesicular PAM staining colocalizes with apical actin, below the microvilli. In PAM-deficient Chlamydomonas, the actin cytoskeleton is dramatically reorganized, and expression of an actin paralogue is upregulated. Biochemical assays reveal that the cytosolic PAM C-terminal domain interacts directly with filamentous actin but does not alter the rate of actin polymerization or disassembly. Our results point to a critical role for PAM in organizing the actin cytoskeleton during development, which could in turn impact both microvillus formation and ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhivya Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Rebecca T Thomason
- Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Maya Yankova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jonathan D Gitlin
- Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
| | - Richard E Mains
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Betty A Eipper
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
| | - Stephen M King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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86
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Paff T, Kooi IE, Moutaouakil Y, Riesebos E, Sistermans EA, Daniels HJMA, Weiss JMM, Niessen HHWM, Haarman EG, Pals G, Micha D. Diagnostic yield of a targeted gene panel in primary ciliary dyskinesia patients. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:653-665. [PMID: 29363216 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to determine the diagnostic yield of a targeted-exome panel in a cohort of 74 Dutch primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) patients. The panel consisted of 26 PCD-related and 284 candidate genes. To prioritize PCD candidate genes, we investigated the transcriptome of human airway cells of 12 healthy volunteers during in vitro ciliogenesis and hypothesized that PCD-related genes show significant upregulation. We compared gene expression in epithelial precursor cells grown as collagen monolayer and ciliated cells grown in suspension by RNA sequencing. All genes reported as PCD causative, except NME8, showed significant upregulation during in vitro ciliogenesis. We observed 67.6% diagnostic yield when testing the targeted-exome panel in our cohort. There was relatively high percentage of DNAI and HYDIN mutations compared to other countries. The latter may be due to our solution for the problem of the confounding HYDIN2 pseudogene. Candidate genes included two recently published PCD-related genes DNAJB13 and PIH1D3; identification of the latter was a direct result of this study. In conclusion, we demonstrate 67.6% diagnostic yield by targeted exome sequencing in a Dutch PCD population and present a highly sensitive and moderately specific approach for identification of PCD-related genes, based on significant upregulation during in vitro ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Paff
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irsan E Kooi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Youssef Moutaouakil
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elise Riesebos
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik A Sistermans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J M A Daniels
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke M M Weiss
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans H W M Niessen
- Department of Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric G Haarman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pals
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitra Micha
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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87
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Symonová R, Howell WM. Vertebrate Genome Evolution in the Light of Fish Cytogenomics and rDNAomics. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020096. [PMID: 29443947 PMCID: PMC5852592 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the cytogenomic evolution of vertebrates, we must first unravel the complex genomes of fishes, which were the first vertebrates to evolve and were ancestors to all other vertebrates. We must not forget the immense time span during which the fish genomes had to evolve. Fish cytogenomics is endowed with unique features which offer irreplaceable insights into the evolution of the vertebrate genome. Due to the general DNA base compositional homogeneity of fish genomes, fish cytogenomics is largely based on mapping DNA repeats that still represent serious obstacles in genome sequencing and assembling, even in model species. Localization of repeats on chromosomes of hundreds of fish species and populations originating from diversified environments have revealed the biological importance of this genomic fraction. Ribosomal genes (rDNA) belong to the most informative repeats and in fish, they are subject to a more relaxed regulation than in higher vertebrates. This can result in formation of a literal 'rDNAome' consisting of more than 20,000 copies with their high proportion employed in extra-coding functions. Because rDNA has high rates of transcription and recombination, it contributes to genome diversification and can form reproductive barrier. Our overall knowledge of fish cytogenomics grows rapidly by a continuously increasing number of fish genomes sequenced and by use of novel sequencing methods improving genome assembly. The recently revealed exceptional compositional heterogeneity in an ancient fish lineage (gars) sheds new light on the compositional genome evolution in vertebrates generally. We highlight the power of synergy of cytogenetics and genomics in fish cytogenomics, its potential to understand the complexity of genome evolution in vertebrates, which is also linked to clinical applications and the chromosomal backgrounds of speciation. We also summarize the current knowledge on fish cytogenomics and outline its main future avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Symonová
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - W Mike Howell
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Samford University, Birmingham, AL 35229, USA.
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88
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Shi Y, Su Y, Lipschutz JH, Lobo GP. Zebrafish as models to study ciliopathies of the eye and kidney. CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY AND RESEARCH 2017; 1:6-9. [PMID: 29553143 PMCID: PMC5851006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cilia are highly-conserved organelles projecting from the cell surface of nearly every cell type in vertebrates. Ciliary proteins have essential functions in human physiology, particularly in signaling and organ development. As cilia are a component of almost all vertebrate cells, cilia dysfunction can manifest as a constellation of features that characteristically include, retinal degeneration, renal disease and cerebral anomalies. The terminology "Ciliopathies" refers to inherited human disorders caused by genetic mutations in ciliary genes, leading to cilia dysfunctions that form an important and ever expanding multi-organ disease spectrum. Ciliopathies are a diverse class of congenital diseases, with twenty-four recognized syndromes caused by mutations in at least ninety different genes. In order to start to dissect the phenotypes of each disease associated with ciliary dysfunction it is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying the phenotype using suitable animal models. Here, we review the advantages of the zebrafish as a vertebrate model for human ciliopathies, with a focus on ciliopathies affecting the eye and the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA,Eye Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yanhui Su
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Joshua H. Lipschutz
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Glenn P. Lobo
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA,Correspondence: Glenn P Lobo, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA, Tel: 843-876-2371;
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89
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Qiu Q, Peng Y, Zhu Z, Chen Z, Zhang C, Ong HH, Tan KS, Hong H, Yan Y, Huang H, Liu J, Li X, Nam HN, Dung NTN, Shi L, Yang Q, Bingle CD, Wang DY. Absence or mislocalization of DNAH5 is a characteristic marker for motile ciliary abnormality in nasal polyps. Laryngoscope 2017; 128:E97-E104. [PMID: 29148098 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Motile cilia impairment is a common condition in patients with chronically inflamed airways, such as is seen in nasal polyps (NPs). The mechanism underlying this pathogenic condition is complex and not fully understood. METHODS We investigated the presence and localization of dynein axonemal heavy chain 5 (DNAH5) in motile cilia using immunofluorescence staining in paraffin-embedded nasal biopsies from NPs (n = 120) and inferior turbinate mucosa (n = 35) of healthy controls. We also performed single-cell staining on cytospin samples (NP = 5, control = 5). Three patterns of DNAH5 localization are defined, including pattern A (presence throughout the axoneme), pattern B (undetectable in the distal part of the axoneme), and pattern C (completely missing throughout the entire axoneme). We developed a semiquantitative scoring system for which 0 = (pattern A > 70%); 1 = (patterns A + B > 70%); and 2 = (pattern C ≥ 30%) in each high-power field (5 fields per sample). RESULTS Based on our DNAH5 scoring system, the median (1st and 3rd quartile) score was 0.3 (0.2 and 0.4) for samples from controls, and 1.1 (0.6 and 1.6) for samples from NPs in paraffin specimens (P < 0.001). The DNAH5 score had a significant positive relationship with the Lund-Mackay computed tomography score (r = 0.329, P = 0.005) and was higher in patients with eosinophilic NPs (P = 0.006). For cytospin samples, the mean percentage of patterns A, B, and C were 74%, 14%, and 12% in controls, and 48%, 20%, and 32% in NPs, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the absence or mislocalization of DNAH5 from motile cilia is a common and potentially important pathological phenomenon in chronically inflamed airway epithelium. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA. Laryngoscope, 128:E97-E104, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhenchao Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hsiao Hui Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haiyu Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the 5th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haoqi Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianqing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - H N Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N T N Dung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of, China
| | - Qintai Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Colin D Bingle
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - De-Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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90
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Rosenfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lawrence E Ostrowski
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Maimoona A Zariwala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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91
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Shoemark A, Moya E, Hirst RA, Patel MP, Robson EA, Hayward J, Scully J, Fassad MR, Lamb W, Schmidts M, Dixon M, Patel-King RS, Rogers AV, Rutman A, Jackson CL, Goggin P, Rubbo B, Ollosson S, Carr S, Walker W, Adler B, Loebinger MR, Wilson R, Bush A, Williams H, Boustred C, Jenkins L, Sheridan E, Chung EMK, Watson CM, Cullup T, Lucas JS, Kenia P, O'Callaghan C, King SM, Hogg C, Mitchison HM. High prevalence of CCDC103 p.His154Pro mutation causing primary ciliary dyskinesia disrupts protein oligomerisation and is associated with normal diagnostic investigations. Thorax 2017; 73:157-166. [PMID: 28790179 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-209999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a genetically heterogeneous inherited condition characterised by progressive lung disease arising from abnormal cilia function. Approximately half of patients have situs inversus. The estimated prevalence of primary ciliary dyskinesia in the UK South Asian population is 1:2265. Early, accurate diagnosis is key to implementing appropriate management but clinical diagnostic tests can be equivocal. OBJECTIVES To determine the importance of genetic screening for primary ciliary dyskinesia in a UK South Asian population with a typical clinical phenotype, where standard testing is inconclusive. METHODS Next-generation sequencing was used to screen 86 South Asian patients who had a clinical history consistent with primary ciliary dyskinesia. The effect of a CCDC103 p.His154Pro missense variant compared with other dynein arm-associated gene mutations on diagnostic/phenotypic variability was tested. CCDC103 p.His154Pro variant pathogenicity was assessed by oligomerisation assay. RESULTS Sixteen of 86 (19%) patients carried a homozygous CCDC103 p.His154Pro mutation which was found to disrupt protein oligomerisation. Variable diagnostic test results were obtained including normal nasal nitric oxide levels, normal ciliary beat pattern and frequency and a spectrum of partial and normal dynein arm retention. Fifteen (94%) patients or their sibling(s) had situs inversus suggesting CCDC103 p.His154Pro patients without situs inversus are missed. CONCLUSIONS The CCDC103 p.His154Pro mutation is more prevalent than previously thought in the South Asian community and causes primary ciliary dyskinesia that can be difficult to diagnose using pathology-based clinical tests. Genetic testing is critical when there is a strong clinical phenotype with inconclusive standard diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Shoemark
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Eduardo Moya
- Division of Services for Women and Children, Women's and Newborn Unit Bradford Royal Infirmary, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Robert A Hirst
- Department of Infection, Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Mitali P Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Evelyn A Robson
- Division of Services for Women and Children, Women's and Newborn Unit Bradford Royal Infirmary, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Jane Hayward
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Juliet Scully
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine and School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, London, UK
| | - Mahmoud R Fassad
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Human Genetics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - William Lamb
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Genome Research Division, Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Pediatric Genetics Division, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mellisa Dixon
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Ramila S Patel-King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andrew V Rogers
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew Rutman
- Department of Infection, Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Claire L Jackson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Bruna Rubbo
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah Ollosson
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Siobhán Carr
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Woolf Walker
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Beryl Adler
- Department of Paediatrics, Luton and Dunstable Hospital NHS Trust, Luton, UK
| | - Michael R Loebinger
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Robert Wilson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew Bush
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.,Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Hywel Williams
- Centre for Translational Omics-GOSgene, Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Christopher Boustred
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Lucy Jenkins
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Eamonn Sheridan
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service and School of Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Eddie M K Chung
- Population, Policy and Practice Programme, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Christopher M Watson
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service and School of Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Thomas Cullup
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Priti Kenia
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher O'Callaghan
- Department of Infection, Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,Infection, Immunity, Inflammation and Physiological Medicine, University College London, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Stephen M King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Claire Hogg
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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92
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Oda T. Three-dimensional structural labeling microscopy of cilia and flagella. Microscopy (Oxf) 2017; 66:234-244. [PMID: 28541401 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfx018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Locating a molecule within a cell using protein-tagging and immunofluorescence is a fundamental technique in cell biology, whereas in three-dimensional electron microscopy, locating a subunit within a macromolecular complex remains challenging. Recently, we developed a new structural labeling method for cryo-electron tomography by taking advantage of the biotin-streptavidin system, and have intensively used this method to locate a number of proteins and protein domains in cilia and flagella. In this review, we summarize our findings on the three-dimensional architecture of the axoneme, especially the importance of coiled-coil proteins. In addition, we provide an overview of the technical aspects of our structural labeling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Oda
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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93
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Using high-resolution variant frequencies to empower clinical genome interpretation. Genet Med 2017. [PMID: 28518168 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.26.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeWhole-exome and whole-genome sequencing have transformed the discovery of genetic variants that cause human Mendelian disease, but discriminating pathogenic from benign variants remains a daunting challenge. Rarity is recognized as a necessary, although not sufficient, criterion for pathogenicity, but frequency cutoffs used in Mendelian analysis are often arbitrary and overly lenient. Recent very large reference datasets, such as the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC), provide an unprecedented opportunity to obtain robust frequency estimates even for very rare variants.MethodsWe present a statistical framework for the frequency-based filtering of candidate disease-causing variants, accounting for disease prevalence, genetic and allelic heterogeneity, inheritance mode, penetrance, and sampling variance in reference datasets.ResultsUsing the example of cardiomyopathy, we show that our approach reduces by two-thirds the number of candidate variants under consideration in the average exome, without removing true pathogenic variants (false-positive rate<0.001).ConclusionWe outline a statistically robust framework for assessing whether a variant is "too common" to be causative for a Mendelian disorder of interest. We present precomputed allele frequency cutoffs for all variants in the ExAC dataset.
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94
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Whiffin N, Minikel E, Walsh R, O'Donnell-Luria AH, Karczewski K, Ing AY, Barton PJR, Funke B, Cook SA, MacArthur D, Ware JS. Using high-resolution variant frequencies to empower clinical genome interpretation. Genet Med 2017; 19:1151-1158. [PMID: 28518168 PMCID: PMC5563454 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing have transformed the discovery of genetic variants that cause human Mendelian disease, but discriminating pathogenic from benign variants remains a daunting challenge. Rarity is recognized as a necessary, although not sufficient, criterion for pathogenicity, but frequency cutoffs used in Mendelian analysis are often arbitrary and overly lenient. Recent very large reference datasets, such as the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC), provide an unprecedented opportunity to obtain robust frequency estimates even for very rare variants. Methods We present a statistical framework for the frequency-based filtering of candidate disease-causing variants, accounting for disease prevalence, genetic and allelic heterogeneity, inheritance mode, penetrance, and sampling variance in reference datasets. Results Using the example of cardiomyopathy, we show that our approach reduces by two-thirds the number of candidate variants under consideration in the average exome, without removing true pathogenic variants (false-positive rate<0.001). Conclusion We outline a statistically robust framework for assessing whether a variant is “too common” to be causative for a Mendelian disorder of interest. We present precomputed allele frequency cutoffs for all variants in the ExAC dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Whiffin
- Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,NIHR Royal Brompton Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton &Harefield Hospitals &Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eric Minikel
- Analytic &Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT &Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roddy Walsh
- Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,NIHR Royal Brompton Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton &Harefield Hospitals &Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anne H O'Donnell-Luria
- Analytic &Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT &Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Konrad Karczewski
- Analytic &Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT &Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander Y Ing
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul J R Barton
- Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,NIHR Royal Brompton Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton &Harefield Hospitals &Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Birgit Funke
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stuart A Cook
- Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,NIHR Royal Brompton Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton &Harefield Hospitals &Imperial College London, London, UK.,National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel MacArthur
- Analytic &Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT &Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James S Ware
- Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,NIHR Royal Brompton Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton &Harefield Hospitals &Imperial College London, London, UK.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT &Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
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95
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Reula A, Lucas JS, Moreno-Galdó A, Romero T, Milara X, Carda C, Mata-Roig M, Escribano A, Dasi F, Armengot-Carceller M. New insights in primary ciliary dyskinesia. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1324780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reula
- Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- UCIM Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - JS Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Antonio Moreno-Galdó
- Pediatrics Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Romero
- Pediatrics Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xavier Milara
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitat Jaume I, Castello de la Plana, Spain
| | | | | | - Amparo Escribano
- Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Pediatrics Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Dasi
- Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- UCIM Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Armengot-Carceller
- Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Oto-Rino- Laryngology Department, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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96
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Catana A, Apostu AP. The determination factors of left-right asymmetry disorders- a short review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 90:139-146. [PMID: 28559696 PMCID: PMC5433564 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Laterality defects in humans, situs inversus and heterotaxy, are rare disorders, with an incidence of 1:8000 to 1:10 000 in the general population, and a multifactorial etiology. It has been proved that 1.44/10 000 of all cardiac problems are associated with malformations of left-right asymmetry and heterotaxy accounts for 3% of all congenital heart defects. It is considered that defects of situs appear due to genetic and environmental factors. Also, there is evidence that the ciliopathies (defects of structure or function) are involved in development abnormalities. Over 100 genes have been reported to be involved in left-right patterning in model organisms, but only a few are likely to candidate for left-right asymmetry defects in humans. Left-right asymmetry disorders are genetically heterogeneous and have variable manifestations (from asymptomatic to serious clinical problems). The discovery of the right mechanism of left-right development will help explain the clinical complexity and may contribute to a therapy of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Catana
- Genetics Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adina Patricia Apostu
- Genetics Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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97
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Olcese C, Patel MP, Shoemark A, Kiviluoto S, Legendre M, Williams HJ, Vaughan CK, Hayward J, Goldenberg A, Emes RD, Munye MM, Dyer L, Cahill T, Bevillard J, Gehrig C, Guipponi M, Chantot S, Duquesnoy P, Thomas L, Jeanson L, Copin B, Tamalet A, Thauvin-Robinet C, Papon JF, Garin A, Pin I, Vera G, Aurora P, Fassad MR, Jenkins L, Boustred C, Cullup T, Dixon M, Onoufriadis A, Bush A, Chung EMK, Antonarakis SE, Loebinger MR, Wilson R, Armengot M, Escudier E, Hogg C, Amselem S, Sun Z, Bartoloni L, Blouin JL, Mitchison HM. X-linked primary ciliary dyskinesia due to mutations in the cytoplasmic axonemal dynein assembly factor PIH1D3. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14279. [PMID: 28176794 PMCID: PMC5309803 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
By moving essential body fluids and molecules, motile cilia and flagella govern respiratory mucociliary clearance, laterality determination and the transport of gametes and cerebrospinal fluid. Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder frequently caused by non-assembly of dynein arm motors into cilia and flagella axonemes. Before their import into cilia and flagella, multi-subunit axonemal dynein arms are thought to be stabilized and pre-assembled in the cytoplasm through a DNAAF2–DNAAF4–HSP90 complex akin to the HSP90 co-chaperone R2TP complex. Here, we demonstrate that large genomic deletions as well as point mutations involving PIH1D3 are responsible for an X-linked form of PCD causing disruption of early axonemal dynein assembly. We propose that PIH1D3, a protein that emerges as a new player of the cytoplasmic pre-assembly pathway, is part of a complementary conserved R2TP-like HSP90 co-chaperone complex, the loss of which affects assembly of a subset of inner arm dyneins. Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous disease resulting in reduced mucus clearance and impaired lung function. Here, the authors show that mutations in PIH1D3 are responsible for an X-linked form of PCD, affecting assembly of a subset of inner arm dyneins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Olcese
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, 46-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mitali P Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Amelia Shoemark
- Paediatric Department, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Santeri Kiviluoto
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Marie Legendre
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S933 and Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Hywel J Williams
- GOSgene, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Cara K Vaughan
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck College, Biological Sciences, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Jane Hayward
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Rouen, INSERM U1079, Université de Rouen, Centre Normand de Génomique Médicale et Médecine Personnalisée, Rouen, France
| | - Richard D Emes
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK.,Advanced Data Analysis Centre, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Mustafa M Munye
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Laura Dyer
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Thomas Cahill
- Paediatric Department, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Jeremy Bevillard
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Gehrig
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Guipponi
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Laboratory, University Hospitals of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Chantot
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S933 and Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Philippe Duquesnoy
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S933 and Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Lucie Thomas
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S933 and Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Ludovic Jeanson
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S933 and Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Bruno Copin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S933 and Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Aline Tamalet
- Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Respiratoires Rares, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Centre de génétique, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Équipe EA4271 GAD, Université de Bourgogne, Hôpital François Mitterrand, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-François Papon
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Maxillo-Faciale, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94275, France
| | - Antoine Garin
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Maxillo-Faciale, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94275, France
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Pédiatrie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U 1209, Institut for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Gabriella Vera
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Rouen, INSERM U1079, Université de Rouen, Centre Normand de Génomique Médicale et Médecine Personnalisée, Rouen, France
| | - Paul Aurora
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, UK.,Department of Respiratory, Critical Care and Anaesthesia Unit, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mahmoud R Fassad
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,Human Genetics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, El-Hadra Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Lucy Jenkins
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BH, UK
| | - Christopher Boustred
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BH, UK
| | - Thomas Cullup
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BH, UK
| | - Mellisa Dixon
- Paediatric Department, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Alexandros Onoufriadis
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Andrew Bush
- Paediatric Department, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK.,Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Eddie M K Chung
- Population, Policy and Practice, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Stylianos E Antonarakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Laboratory, University Hospitals of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, iGE3, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael R Loebinger
- Host Defence Unit, Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Robert Wilson
- Host Defence Unit, Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Miguel Armengot
- Rhinology and Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Unit, General and University Hospital, Medical School, Valencia University, Valencia E-46014, Spain
| | - Estelle Escudier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S933 and Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Claire Hogg
- Paediatric Department, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | | | - Serge Amselem
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S933 and Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Zhaoxia Sun
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Lucia Bartoloni
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,UOSD Laboratorio Analisi Venezia, ULSS12 Veneziana, 30121 Venezia, Italy
| | - Jean-Louis Blouin
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Laboratory, University Hospitals of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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98
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Paff T, Loges NT, Aprea I, Wu K, Bakey Z, Haarman EG, Daniels JM, Sistermans EA, Bogunovic N, Dougherty GW, Höben IM, Große-Onnebrink J, Matter A, Olbrich H, Werner C, Pals G, Schmidts M, Omran H, Micha D. Mutations in PIH1D3 Cause X-Linked Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia with Outer and Inner Dynein Arm Defects. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 100:160-168. [PMID: 28041644 PMCID: PMC5223094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in motile cilia and sperm flagella cause primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), characterized by chronic airway disease, infertility, and left-right body axis disturbance. Here we report maternally inherited and de novo mutations in PIH1D3 in four men affected with PCD. PIH1D3 is located on the X chromosome and is involved in the preassembly of both outer (ODA) and inner (IDA) dynein arms of cilia and sperm flagella. Loss-of-function mutations in PIH1D3 lead to absent ODAs and reduced to absent IDAs, causing ciliary and flagellar immotility. Further, PIH1D3 interacts and co-precipitates with cytoplasmic ODA/IDA assembly factors DNAAF2 and DNAAF4. This result has clinical and genetic counseling implications for genetically unsolved male case subjects with a classic PCD phenotype that lack additional phenotypes such as intellectual disability or retinitis pigmentosa.
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99
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Lucas JS, Barbato A, Collins SA, Goutaki M, Behan L, Caudri D, Dell S, Eber E, Escudier E, Hirst RA, Hogg C, Jorissen M, Latzin P, Legendre M, Leigh MW, Midulla F, Nielsen KG, Omran H, Papon JF, Pohunek P, Redfern B, Rigau D, Rindlisbacher B, Santamaria F, Shoemark A, Snijders D, Tonia T, Titieni A, Walker WT, Werner C, Bush A, Kuehni CE. European Respiratory Society guidelines for the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Eur Respir J 2017; 49:13993003.01090-2016. [PMID: 27836958 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01090-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia is often confirmed with standard, albeit complex and expensive, tests. In many cases, however, the diagnosis remains difficult despite the array of sophisticated diagnostic tests. There is no "gold standard" reference test. Hence, a Task Force supported by the European Respiratory Society has developed this guideline to provide evidence-based recommendations on diagnostic testing, especially in light of new developments in such tests, and the need for robust diagnoses of patients who might enter randomised controlled trials of treatments. The guideline is based on pre-defined questions relevant for clinical care, a systematic review of the literature, and assessment of the evidence using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach. It focuses on clinical presentation, nasal nitric oxide, analysis of ciliary beat frequency and pattern by high-speed video-microscopy analysis, transmission electron microscopy, genotyping and immunofluorescence. It then used a modified Delphi survey to develop an algorithm for the use of diagnostic tests to definitively confirm and exclude the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia; and to provide advice when the diagnosis was not conclusive. Finally, this guideline proposes a set of quality criteria for future research on the validity of diagnostic methods for primary ciliary dyskinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK .,University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Angelo Barbato
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Dept of Woman and Child Health (SDB), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Samuel A Collins
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Myrofora Goutaki
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Dept of Paediatrics, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura Behan
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Daan Caudri
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia.,Dept of Pediatrics/Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sharon Dell
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dept of Pediatrics and Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ernst Eber
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Dept of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Estelle Escudier
- Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Centre de Référence des Maladies Respiratoires Rares, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Inserm UMR_S933, Sorbonne Universités (UPMC Univ Paris 06), Paris, France
| | - Robert A Hirst
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Dept of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Claire Hogg
- Depts of Paediatrics and Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark Jorissen
- ENT Dept, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philipp Latzin
- Dept of Paediatrics, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie Legendre
- Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Centre de Référence des Maladies Respiratoires Rares, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Inserm UMR_S933, Sorbonne Universités (UPMC Univ Paris 06), Paris, France
| | - Margaret W Leigh
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fabio Midulla
- Paediatric Dept, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Kim G Nielsen
- Danish PCD & chILD Centre, CF Centre Copenhagen, Paediatric Pulmonary Service, Dept of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heymut Omran
- Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Münster Germany
| | - Jean-Francois Papon
- AP-HP, Hôpital Kremlin-Bicetre, service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Petr Pohunek
- Paediatric Dept, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - David Rigau
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francesca Santamaria
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Dept of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Shoemark
- Depts of Paediatrics and Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Deborah Snijders
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Dept of Woman and Child Health (SDB), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Thomy Tonia
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Titieni
- Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Münster Germany
| | - Woolf T Walker
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Claudius Werner
- Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Münster Germany
| | - Andrew Bush
- Depts of Paediatrics and Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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100
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