51
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Chen X, Chen J, Chen R, Mou H, Sun G, Yang L, Jia Y, Zhao Q, Wen W, Zhou L, Ding Y, Tang X, Yang J, An Y, Zhao X. Genetic and Functional Identifying of Novel STAT1 Loss-of-Function Mutations in Patients with Diverse Clinical Phenotypes. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:1778-1794. [PMID: 35976469 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01339-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) cause a broad spectrum of disease phenotypes. Heterozygous STAT1 loss-of-function (LOF) mutations cause Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) infection, which is attributable to impaired IFN-γ signaling. The identification of novel mutations may extend the phenotypes associated with autosomal dominant (AD) STAT1 deficiency. METHODS Five patients with heterozygous STAT1 variations were recruited and their clinical and immunologic phenotypes were analyzed, with particular reference to JAK-STAT1 signaling pathways. RESULTS Four, heterozygous STAT1 deficiency mutations were identified, three of which were novel mutations. Two of the mutations were previously unreported mRNA splicing mutations in AD STAT1-deficient patients. Patients with heterozygous STAT1 deficiency suffered not only mycobacterial infection, but also intracellular non-mycobacterial bacterial infection and congenital multiple malformations. AD-LOF mutation impaired IFN-γ-mediated STAT1 phosphorylation, gamma-activated sequence (GAS), and IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) transcription activity and IFN-induced gene expression to different extents, which might account for the diverse clinical manifestations observed in these patients. CONCLUSION The infectious disease susceptibility and phenotypic spectrum of patients with AD STAT1-LOF are broader than simply MSMD. The susceptibility to infections and immunological deficiency phenotypes, observed in AD-LOF patients, confirms the importance of STAT1 in host-pathogen interaction and immunity. However, variability in the nature and extent of these phenotypes suggests that functional analysis is required to identify accurately novel, heterozygous STAT1 mutations, associated with pathogenicity. Aberrant splice of STAT1 RNA could result in AD-LOF for STAT1 signaling which need more cases for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Chen
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Huilin Mou
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Gan Sun
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yanjun Jia
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yunfei An
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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Zhang Q, Matuozzo D, Le Pen J, Lee D, Moens L, Asano T, Bohlen J, Liu Z, Moncada-Velez M, Kendir-Demirkol Y, Jing H, Bizien L, Marchal A, Abolhassani H, Delafontaine S, Bucciol G, Bayhan GI, Keles S, Kiykim A, Hancerli S, Haerynck F, Florkin B, Hatipoglu N, Ozcelik T, Morelle G, Zatz M, Ng LF, Lye DC, Young BE, Leo YS, Dalgard CL, Lifton RP, Renia L, Meyts I, Jouanguy E, Hammarström L, Pan-Hammarström Q, Boisson B, Bastard P, Su HC, Boisson-Dupuis S, Abel L, Rice CM, Zhang SY, Cobat A, Casanova JL. Recessive inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in children with COVID-19 pneumonia. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213287. [PMID: 35708626 PMCID: PMC9206114 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recessive or dominant inborn errors of type I interferon (IFN) immunity can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia in unvaccinated adults. The risk of COVID-19 pneumonia in unvaccinated children, which is much lower than in unvaccinated adults, remains unexplained. In an international cohort of 112 children (<16 yr old) hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia, we report 12 children (10.7%) aged 1.5-13 yr with critical (7 children), severe (3), and moderate (2) pneumonia and 4 of the 15 known clinically recessive and biochemically complete inborn errors of type I IFN immunity: X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency (7 children) and autosomal recessive IFNAR1 (1), STAT2 (1), or TYK2 (3) deficiencies. Fibroblasts deficient for IFNAR1, STAT2, or TYK2 are highly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2. These 15 deficiencies were not found in 1,224 children and adults with benign SARS-CoV-2 infection without pneumonia (P = 1.2 × 10-11) and with overlapping age, sex, consanguinity, and ethnicity characteristics. Recessive complete deficiencies of type I IFN immunity may underlie ∼10% of hospitalizations for COVID-19 pneumonia in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Matuozzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Le Pen
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Danyel Lee
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Leen Moens
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Takaki Asano
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jonathan Bohlen
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Marcela Moncada-Velez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Yasemin Kendir-Demirkol
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Huie Jing
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Astrid Marchal
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Selket Delafontaine
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giorgia Bucciol
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Sevgi Keles
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selda Hancerli
- Department of Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases), Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, PID Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benoit Florkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital de la Citadelle, Liége, Belgium
| | - Nevin Hatipoglu
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Guillaume Morelle
- Department of General Pediatrics, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mayana Zatz
- Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lisa F.P. Ng
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Chien Lye
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barnaby Edward Young
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee-Sin Leo
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clifton L. Dalgard
- The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| | - Richard P. Lifton
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Laurent Renia
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Helen C. Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Charles M. Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
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53
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Akar-Ghibril N. Defects of the Innate Immune System and Related Immune Deficiencies. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:36-54. [PMID: 34417936 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system is the host's first line of defense against pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that mediate recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. TLRs also activate signaling transduction pathways involved in host defense, inflammation, development, and the production of inflammatory cytokines. Innate immunodeficiencies associated with defective TLR signaling include mutations in NEMO, IKBA, MyD88, and IRAK4. Other innate immune defects have been associated with susceptibility to herpes simplex encephalitis, viral infections, and mycobacterial disease, as well as chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Phagocytes and natural killer cells are essential members of the innate immune system and defects in number and/or function of these cells can lead to recurrent infections. Complement is another important part of the innate immune system. Complement deficiencies can lead to increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmunity, or impaired immune complex clearance. The innate immune system must work to quickly recognize and eliminate pathogens as well as coordinate an immune response and engage the adaptive immune system. Defects of the innate immune system can lead to failure to quickly identify pathogens and activate the immune response, resulting in susceptibility to severe or recurrent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Akar-Ghibril
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, 1311 N 35th Ave, Suite 220, 33021, Hollywood, FL, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
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54
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Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) Reactivation in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Brief Narrative Review. Infect Dis Ther 2022; 11:1779-1791. [PMID: 35913679 PMCID: PMC9340740 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-022-00674-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic or pulmonary reactivations of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) have been reported in critically ill patients with COVID-19, posing a dilemma for clinicians in terms of their diagnostic and clinical relevance. Prevalence of HSV-1 reactivation may be as high as > 40% in this population, but with large heterogeneity across studies, likely reflecting the different samples and/or cut-offs for defining reactivation. There is frequently agreement on the clinical significance of HSV-1 reactivation in the presence of severe manifestations clearly attributable to the virus. However, the clinical implications of HSV-1 reactivations in the absence of manifest signs and symptoms remain controversial. Our review aims at providing immunological background and at reviewing clinical findings on HSV-1 reactivations in critically ill patients with COVID-19.
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55
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Xia L, Liu XH, Yuan Y, Lowrie DB, Fan XY, Li T, Hu ZD, Lu SH. An Updated Review on MSMD Research Globally and A Literature Review on the Molecular Findings, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment Approaches in China. Front Immunol 2022; 13:926781. [PMID: 36569938 PMCID: PMC9774035 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) arises from a group of rare inherited errors of immunity that result in selective susceptibility of otherwise healthy people to clinical disease caused by low virulence strains of mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and environmental mycobacteria. Patients have normal resistance to other pathogens and no overt abnormalities in routine immunological and hematological evaluations for primary immunodeficiencies. At least 19 genes and 34 clinical phenotypes have been identified in MSMD. However, there have been no systematic reports on the clinical characteristics and genetic backgrounds of MSMD in China. In this review, on the one hand, we summarize an update findings on molecular defects and immunological mechanisms in the field of MSMD research globally. On the other hand, we undertook a systematic review of PubMed (MEDLINE), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang to identify articles published before Jan 23, 2022, to summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of MSMD in China. All the English and Chinese publications were searched without any restriction on article types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Hui Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Douglas B. Lowrie
- Shenzhen National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Fan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Hu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhi-Dong Hu, ; Shui-Hua Lu,
| | - Shui-Hua Lu
- Shenzhen National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China,Department of tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Zhi-Dong Hu, ; Shui-Hua Lu,
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56
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Anti-cytokine autoantibodies and inborn errors of immunity. J Immunol Methods 2022; 508:113313. [PMID: 35817172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The past quarter of a century has witnessed an inordinate increase in our understanding of primary immunodeficiencies / inborn errors of immunity. These include a significant increase in the number of identified conditions, broadening the phenotypes of existing entities, delineation of classical inborn errors of immunity from those with a narrow phenotype, and a gradual shift from supportive to definitive care in patients afflicted with these diseases. It has also seen the discovery of conditions broadly defined as phenocopies of primary immunodeficiencies, where somatic mutations or autoantibodies mimic a recognised primary immunodeficiency's presentation in the absence of the underlying genetic basis for that disease. This article will provide a review of the anti-cytokine autoantibody-mediated phenocopies of inborn errors of immunity and discuss the therapeutic and laboratory aspects of this group of diseases.
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57
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Campbell TM, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Moncada-Velez M, Covill LE, Zhang P, Alavi Darazam I, Bastard P, Bizien L, Bucciol G, Lind Enoksson S, Jouanguy E, Karabela ŞN, Khan T, Kendir-Demirkol Y, Arias AA, Mansouri D, Marits P, Marr N, Migeotte I, Moens L, Ozcelik T, Pellier I, Sendel A, Şenoğlu S, Shahrooei M, Smith CE, Vandernoot I, Willekens K, Kart Yaşar K, Bergman P, Abel L, Cobat A, Casanova JL, Meyts I, Bryceson YT. Respiratory viral infections in otherwise healthy humans with inherited IRF7 deficiency. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213267. [PMID: 35670811 PMCID: PMC9178406 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive IRF7 deficiency was previously reported in three patients with single critical influenza or COVID-19 pneumonia episodes. The patients' fibroblasts and plasmacytoid dendritic cells produced no detectable type I and III IFNs, except IFN-β. Having discovered four new patients, we describe the genetic, immunological, and clinical features of seven IRF7-deficient patients from six families and five ancestries. Five were homozygous and two were compound heterozygous for IRF7 variants. Patients typically had one episode of pulmonary viral disease. Age at onset was surprisingly broad, from 6 mo to 50 yr (mean age 29 yr). The respiratory viruses implicated included SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus. Serological analyses indicated previous infections with many common viruses. Cellular analyses revealed strong antiviral immunity and expanded populations of influenza- and SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. IRF7-deficient individuals are prone to viral infections of the respiratory tract but are otherwise healthy, potentially due to residual IFN-β and compensatory adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Mollie Campbell
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Qian Zhang:
| | - Marcela Moncada-Velez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Laura E. Covill
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Ilad Alavi Darazam
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paul Bastard
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Giorgia Bucciol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Lind Enoksson
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Şemsi Nur Karabela
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Taushif Khan
- Department of Human Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yasemin Kendir-Demirkol
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Andres Augusto Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
- School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Davood Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- The Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Per Marits
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nico Marr
- Department of Human Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Centre de Génétique Humaine de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leen Moens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isabelle Pellier
- Université d'Angers, INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Pediatric Immuno-Hemato-oncology Unit, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Anton Sendel
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sevtap Şenoğlu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr. Shahrooei, Sina Medical Complex, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - C.I. Edvard Smith
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Immunodeficiency Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Research Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Vandernoot
- Centre de Génétique Humaine de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen Willekens
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kadriye Kart Yaşar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Immunodeficiency Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Jean-Laurent Casanova:
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yenan T. Bryceson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Broegelmann Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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58
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Bastard P, Hsiao KC, Zhang Q, Choin J, Best E, Chen J, Gervais A, Bizien L, Materna M, Harmant C, Roux M, Hawley NL, Weeks DE, McGarvey ST, Sandoval K, Barberena-Jonas C, Quinto-Cortés CD, Hagelberg E, Mentzer AJ, Robson K, Coulibaly B, Seeleuthner Y, Bigio B, Li Z, Uzé G, Pellegrini S, Lorenzo L, Sbihi Z, Latour S, Besnard M, Adam de Beaumais T, Jacqz Aigrain E, Béziat V, Deka R, Esera Tulifau L, Viali S, Reupena MS, Naseri T, McNaughton P, Sarkozy V, Peake J, Blincoe A, Primhak S, Stables S, Gibson K, Woon ST, Drake KM, Hill AV, Chan CY, King R, Ameratunga R, Teiti I, Aubry M, Cao-Lormeau VM, Tangye SG, Zhang SY, Jouanguy E, Gray P, Abel L, Moreno-Estrada A, Minster RL, Quintana-Murci L, Wood AC, Casanova JL. A loss-of-function IFNAR1 allele in Polynesia underlies severe viral diseases in homozygotes. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213170. [PMID: 35442418 PMCID: PMC9026234 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, autosomal recessive IFNAR1 deficiency is a rare inborn error of immunity underlying susceptibility to live attenuated vaccine and wild-type viruses. We report seven children from five unrelated kindreds of western Polynesian ancestry who suffered from severe viral diseases. All the patients are homozygous for the same nonsense IFNAR1 variant (p.Glu386*). This allele encodes a truncated protein that is absent from the cell surface and is loss-of-function. The fibroblasts of the patients do not respond to type I IFNs (IFN-α2, IFN-ω, or IFN-β). Remarkably, this IFNAR1 variant has a minor allele frequency >1% in Samoa and is also observed in the Cook, Society, Marquesas, and Austral islands, as well as Fiji, whereas it is extremely rare or absent in the other populations tested, including those of the Pacific region. Inherited IFNAR1 deficiency should be considered in individuals of Polynesian ancestry with severe viral illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Kuang-Chih Hsiao
- Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium Australasia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jeremy Choin
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR2000, Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Paris, France
- Chair of Human Genomics and Evolution, Collège de France, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Emma Best
- Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jie Chen
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Sixth Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Christine Harmant
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR2000, Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Paris, France
| | - Maguelonne Roux
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR2000, Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Nicola L. Hawley
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
- International Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Daniel E. Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Stephen T. McGarvey
- International Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI
- Department of Anthropology, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Karla Sandoval
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO) - UGA, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Carmina Barberena-Jonas
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO) - UGA, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Consuelo D. Quinto-Cortés
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO) - UGA, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Alexander J. Mentzer
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathryn Robson
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Boubacar Coulibaly
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Benedetta Bigio
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Zhi Li
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR2000, Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Paris, France
- Unit of Cytokine Signaling, Pasteur Institute, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Uzé
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Université Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandra Pellegrini
- Unit of Cytokine Signaling, Pasteur Institute, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Zineb Sbihi
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Besnard
- Department of Neonatology, Centre Hospitalier de Polynésie Française, Papeete, French Polynesia
| | - Tiphaine Adam de Beaumais
- Precision Cancer Medicine Team, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Pharmacology - Pharmacogenetic Department, Hopital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Jacqz Aigrain
- Paris Cité University, Paris, France
- Pharmacology - Pharmacogenetic Department, Hopital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Ranjan Deka
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | | | | | - Take Naseri
- International Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI
- Ministry of Health, Apia, Samoa
| | - Peter McNaughton
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium Australasia, Sydney, Australia
- Queensland Children’s Hospital and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vanessa Sarkozy
- Tumbatin Developmental Services, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane Peake
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium Australasia, Sydney, Australia
- Queensland Children’s Hospital and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Annaliesse Blincoe
- Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium Australasia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah Primhak
- Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon Stables
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kate Gibson
- Clinical Geneticist, South Island Hub, Genetic Health Service, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - See-Tarn Woon
- Department of Virology and Immunology, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kylie Marie Drake
- Molecular Pathology, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Adrian V.S. Hill
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cheng-Yee Chan
- Chemical Pathology and Genetics, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Richard King
- Chemical Pathology and Genetics, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rohan Ameratunga
- Department of Virology and Immunology, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Iotefa Teiti
- Laboratory of Research on Infectious Vector-borne Diseases, Institut Louis Malardé, Papeete, French Polynesia
| | - Maite Aubry
- Laboratory of Research on Infectious Vector-borne Diseases, Institut Louis Malardé, Papeete, French Polynesia
| | - Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau
- Laboratory of Research on Infectious Vector-borne Diseases, Institut Louis Malardé, Papeete, French Polynesia
| | - Stuart G. Tangye
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium Australasia, Sydney, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Paul Gray
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium Australasia, Sydney, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Andrés Moreno-Estrada
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO) - UGA, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Ryan L. Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR2000, Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Paris, France
- Chair of Human Genomics and Evolution, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Andrew C. Wood
- Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
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59
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Duncan CJA, Skouboe MK, Howarth S, Hollensen AK, Chen R, Børresen ML, Thompson BJ, Stremenova Spegarova J, Hatton CF, Stæger FF, Andersen MK, Whittaker J, Paludan SR, Jørgensen SE, Thomsen MK, Mikkelsen JG, Heilmann C, Buhas D, Øbro NF, Bay JT, Marquart HV, de la Morena MT, Klejka JA, Hirschfeld M, Borgwardt L, Forss I, Masmas T, Poulsen A, Noya F, Rouleau G, Hansen T, Zhou S, Albrechtsen A, Alizadehfar R, Allenspach EJ, Hambleton S, Mogensen TH. Life-threatening viral disease in a novel form of autosomal recessive IFNAR2 deficiency in the Arctic. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20212427. [PMID: 35442417 PMCID: PMC9026249 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-I) play a critical role in human antiviral immunity, as demonstrated by the exceptionally rare deleterious variants of IFNAR1 or IFNAR2. We investigated five children from Greenland, Canada, and Alaska presenting with viral diseases, including life-threatening COVID-19 or influenza, in addition to meningoencephalitis and/or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following live-attenuated viral vaccination. The affected individuals bore the same homozygous IFNAR2 c.157T>C, p.Ser53Pro missense variant. Although absent from reference databases, p.Ser53Pro occurred with a minor allele frequency of 0.034 in their Inuit ancestry. The serine to proline substitution prevented cell surface expression of IFNAR2 protein, small amounts of which persisted intracellularly in an aberrantly glycosylated state. Cells exclusively expressing the p.Ser53Pro variant lacked responses to recombinant IFN-I and displayed heightened vulnerability to multiple viruses in vitro-a phenotype rescued by wild-type IFNAR2 complementation. This novel form of autosomal recessive IFNAR2 deficiency reinforces the essential role of IFN-I in viral immunity. Further studies are warranted to assess the need for population screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J A Duncan
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Morten K Skouboe
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sophie Howarth
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anne K Hollensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rui Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Malene L Børresen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin J Thompson
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jarmila Stremenova Spegarova
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Catherine F Hatton
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Frederik F Stæger
- Section for Computational and RNA Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette K Andersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Whittaker
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Søren R Paludan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sofie E Jørgensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Carsten Heilmann
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Medical Department, Pediatric Section, Dronning Ingrid Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Daniela Buhas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nina F Øbro
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob T Bay
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne V Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Line Borgwardt
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Isabel Forss
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tania Masmas
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Poulsen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francisco Noya
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy Rouleau
- The Neuro, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anders Albrechtsen
- Section for Computational and RNA Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reza Alizadehfar
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric J Allenspach
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Trine H Mogensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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60
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Zhao Y, Huang F, Zou Z, Bi Y, Yang Y, Zhang C, Liu Q, Shang D, Yan Y, Ju X, Mei S, Xie P, Li X, Tian M, Tan S, Lu H, Han Z, Liu K, Zhang Y, Liang J, Liang Z, Zhang Q, Chang J, Liu WJ, Feng C, Li T, Zhang MQ, Wang X, Gao GF, Liu Y, Jin N, Jiang C. Avian influenza viruses suppress innate immunity by inducing trans-transcriptional readthrough via SSU72. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:702-714. [PMID: 35332300 PMCID: PMC9151799 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity plays critical antiviral roles. The highly virulent avian influenza viruses (AIVs) H5N1, H7N9, and H5N6 can better escape host innate immune responses than the less virulent seasonal H1N1 virus. Here, we report a mechanism by which transcriptional readthrough (TRT)-mediated suppression of innate immunity occurs post AIV infection. By using cell lines, mouse lungs, and patient PBMCs, we showed that genes on the complementary strand (“trans” genes) influenced by TRT were involved in the disruption of host antiviral responses during AIV infection. The trans-TRT enhanced viral lethality, and TRT abolishment increased cell viability and STAT1/2 expression. The viral NS1 protein directly bound to SSU72, and degradation of SSU72 induced TRT. SSU72 overexpression reduced TRT and alleviated mouse lung injury. Our results suggest that AIVs infection induce TRT by reducing SSU72 expression, thereby impairing host immune responses, a molecular mechanism acting through the NS1-SSU72-trans-TRT-STAT1/2 axis. Thus, restoration of SSU72 expression might be a potential strategy for preventing AIV pandemics.
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Moure UAE, Tan T, Sha L, Lu X, Shao Z, Yang G, Wang Y, Cui H. Advances in the Immune Regulatory Role of Non-Coding RNAs (miRNAs and lncRNAs) in Insect-Pathogen Interactions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:856457. [PMID: 35464405 PMCID: PMC9020863 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.856457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects are by far the most abundant and diverse living organisms on earth and are frequently prone to microbial attacks. In other to counteract and overcome microbial invasions, insects have in an evolutionary way conserved and developed immune defense mechanisms such as Toll, immune deficiency (Imd), and JAK/STAT signaling pathways leading to the expression of antimicrobial peptides. These pathways have accessory immune effector mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, encapsulation, melanization, nodulation, RNA interference (RNAi), lysis, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, pathogens evolved strategies that circumvent host immune response following infections, which may have helped insects further sophisticate their immune response mechanisms. The involvement of ncRNAs in insect immunity is undeniable, and several excellent studies or reviews have investigated and described their roles in various insects. However, the functional analyses of ncRNAs in insects upon pathogen attacks are not exhaustive as novel ncRNAs are being increasingly discovered in those organisms. This article gives an overview of the main insect signaling pathways and effector mechanisms activated by pathogen invaders and summarizes the latest findings of the immune modulation role of both insect- and pathogen-encoded ncRNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs during insect–pathogen crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Aymard Ekomi Moure
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest University, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingshan Tan
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest University, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Sha
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest University, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Lu
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest University, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Shao
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest University, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest University, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest University, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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62
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STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084095. [PMID: 35456913 PMCID: PMC9028532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 protein plays a key role in the immune response against viruses and other pathogens by transducing, in the nucleus, the signal from type I, type II and type III IFNs. STAT1 activates the transcription of hundreds of genes, some of which have been well characterized for their antiviral properties. STAT1 gene deletion in mice and complete STAT1 deficiency in humans both cause rapid death from severe infections. STAT1 plays a key role in the immunoglobulin class-switch recombination through the upregulation of T-bet; it also plays a key role in the production of T-bet+ memory B cells that contribute to tissue-resident humoral memory by mounting an IgG response during re-infection. Considering the key role of STAT1 in the antiviral immune response, many viruses, including dangerous viruses such as Ebola and SARS-CoV-2, have developed different mechanisms to inhibit this transcription factor. The search for drugs capable of targeting the viral proteins implicated in both viral replication and IFN/STAT1 inhibition is important for the treatment of the most dangerous viral infections and for future viral pandemics, as shown by the clinical results obtained with Paxlovid in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
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Sindbis Macrodomain Poly-ADP-Ribose Hydrolase Activity Is Important for Viral RNA Synthesis. J Virol 2022; 96:e0151621. [PMID: 35297669 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01516-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a highly dynamic posttranslational modification frequently studied in stress response pathways with recent attention given to its role in response to viral infection. Notably, the alphaviruses encode catalytically active macrodomains capable of ADP-ribosylhydrolase (ARH) activities, implying a role in remodeling the cellular ADP-ribosylome. This report decouples mono- and poly-ARH contributions to macrodomain function using a newly engineered Sindbis virus (SINV) mutant with attenuated poly-ARH activity. Our findings indicate that viral poly-ARH activity is uniquely required for high titer replication in mammalian systems. Despite translating incoming genomic RNA as efficiently as WT virus, mutant viruses have a reduced capacity to establish productive infection, offering a more complete understanding of the kinetics and role of the alphavirus macrodomain with important implications for broader ADP-ribosyltransferase biology. IMPORTANCE Viral macrodomains have drawn attention in recent years due to their high degree of conservation in several virus families (e.g., coronaviruses and alphaviruses) and their potential druggability. These domains erase mono- or poly-ADP-ribose, posttranslational modifications written by host poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) proteins, from undetermined host or viral proteins to enhance replication. Prior work determined that efficient alphavirus replication requires catalytically active macrodomains; however, which form of the modification requires removal and from which protein(s) had not been determined. Here, we present evidence for the specific requirement of poly-ARH activity to ensure efficient productive infection and virus replication.
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65
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Tsai MS, Wang LC, Wu HL, Tzeng SF, Conway EM, Hsu SM, Chen SH. Absence of the lectin-like domain of thrombomodulin reduces HSV-1 lethality of mice with increased microglia responses. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:66. [PMID: 35277184 PMCID: PMC8915510 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02426-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) can induce fatal encephalitis. Cellular factors regulate the host immunity to affect the severity of HSV-1 encephalitis. Recent reports focus on the significance of thrombomodulin (TM), especially the domain 1, lectin-like domain (TM-LeD), which modulates the immune responses to bacterial infections and toxins and various diseases in murine models. Few studies have investigated the importance of TM-LeD in viral infections, which are also regulated by the host immunity. Methods In vivo studies comparing wild-type and TM-LeD knockout mice were performed to determine the role of TM-LeD on HSV-1 lethality. In vitro studies using brain microglia cultured from mice or a human microglia cell line to investigate whether and how TM-LeD affects microglia to reduce HSV-1 replication in brain neurons cultured from mice or in a human neuronal cell line. Results Absence of TM-LeD decreased the mortality, tissue viral loads, and brain neuron apoptosis of HSV-1-infected mice with increases in the number, proliferation, and phagocytic activity of brain microglia. Moreover, TM-LeD deficiency enhanced the phagocytic activity of brain microglia cultured from mice or of a human microglia cell line. Co-culture of mouse primary brain microglia and neurons or human microglia and neuronal cell lines revealed that TM-LeD deficiency augmented the capacity of microglia to reduce HSV-1 replication in neurons. Conclusions Overall, TM-LeD suppresses microglia responses to enhance HSV-1 infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02426-w.
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Zhu JY, Zhang X, Zheng X, Luo LL, Mao CY, Lin S, Ye J. Dry eye symptoms in interferon regulatory factor 3-deficient mice due to herpes simplex virus infection in harderian gland and lacrimal gland. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:109053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kishimoto T, Kang S. IL-6 Revisited: From Rheumatoid Arthritis to CAR T Cell Therapy and COVID-19. Annu Rev Immunol 2022; 40:323-348. [PMID: 35113729 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-023458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The diverse biological activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6) contributes to the maintenance of homeostasis. Emergent infection or tissue injury induces rapid production of IL-6 and activates host defense through augmentation of acute-phase proteins and immune responses. However, excessive IL-6 production and uncontrolled IL-6 receptor signaling are critical to pathogenesis. Over the years, therapeutic agents targeting IL-6 signaling, such as tocilizumab, a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, have shown remarkable efficacy for rheumatoid arthritis, Castleman disease, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and their efficacy in other diseases is continually being reported. Emerging evidence has demonstrated the benefit of tocilizumab for several types of acute inflammatory diseases, including cytokine storms induced by chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we refocus attention on the biology of IL-6 and summarize the distinct pathological roles of IL-6 signaling in several acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Immunology, Volume 40 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadamitsu Kishimoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; ,
| | - Sujin Kang
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; ,
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68
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Scott O, Sharfe N, Dadi H, Vong L, Garkaby J, Abrego Fuentes L, Willett Pachul J, Nelles S, Nahum A, Roifman CM. Case Report: Eosinophilic Esophagitis in a Patient With a Novel STAT1 Gain-of-Function Pathogenic Variant. Front Immunol 2022; 13:801832. [PMID: 35126392 PMCID: PMC8812721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.801832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background STAT1 gain-of-function (GOF) is a primary immune dysregulatory disorder marked by wide infectious predisposition (most notably chronic mucocutaneous Candidiasis), autoimmunity, vascular disease and malignant predisposition. While atopic features have been described in some STAT1 GOF patients, they are not considered a predominant feature of the disease. Additionally, while eosinophilic gastrointestinal infiltration has been reported in some cases, this has always been described in the context of pre-existing oropharyngeal and/or esophageal Candidiasis. Clinical cases Herein, we report 3 members of a multi-generational family diagnosed with STAT1 GOF caused by a novel mutation in the N-terminal domain, c.194A>C (p.D65A). The proband presented initially with a long-standing history of treatment-refractory eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) without preceding gastrointestinal tract fungal infections, and her mother was diagnosed with esophagitis as well. Conclusion EoE has been previously associated with alterations to STAT6 and STAT3 signaling pathways. The current report expands the possible association between JAK/STAT-related disorders and EoE, suggesting that EoE could be a primary disease manifestation of STAT1 GOF, even in the absence of oropharyngeal and/or esophageal Candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ori Scott
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nigel Sharfe
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and The Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Harjit Dadi
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and The Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda Vong
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and The Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jenny Garkaby
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Abrego Fuentes
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Willett Pachul
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra Nelles
- Department of Gastroenterology, Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga Hospital, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Amit Nahum
- Pediatrics Department A, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Primary Immunodeficiency Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Chaim M. Roifman
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and The Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Chaim M. Roifman,
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69
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Samson LD, Engelfriet P, Verschuren WMM, Picavet HSJ, Ferreira JA, de Zeeuw-Brouwer ML, Buisman AM, Boots AMH. Impaired JAK-STAT pathway signaling in leukocytes of the frail elderly. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:5. [PMID: 35039055 PMCID: PMC8762193 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-021-00261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Elderly often show reduced immune functioning and can develop chronic low-grade inflammation. Why some elderly are more prone to become frail is unknown. We investigated whether frailty is associated with altered cytokine signaling through the JAK-STAT pathway in leukocytes of 34 individuals aged 65–74 years. In addition, we investigated how this relation is affected by chronic low-grade inflammation during the previous 20 years. Cytokine signaling was quantified by measuring intracellular STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 phosphorylation in monocytes, B cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells upon stimulation with IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IFNα and IFNγ, using phospho-flow cytometry. Presence of chronic low-grade inflammation was investigated by evaluating 18 different plasma inflammatory markers that had been measured repeatedly in the same individuals over the previous 20 years. Frailty was assessed as a score on a frailty index. Results We found that lower cytokine-induced pSTAT responsiveness in the various cell subsets was seen with higher frailty scores in both men and women, indicative of dysfunctional pSTAT responses in frailer individuals. Associations differed between men and women, with frailer women showing lower pSTAT1 responses in monocytes and frailer men showing lower pSTAT5 responses in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Notably, lower IL-10-induced pSTAT3 responses in men were related to both higher frailty scores and higher CRP levels over the past 20 years. This might indicate poor resolution of low-grade inflammation due to defective regulatory pSTAT signaling in older men. Conclusions Our results emphasize the importance of preserved JAK-STAT pathway signaling in healthy aging and reveal cellular pSTAT levels as a candidate biomarker of frailty. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12979-021-00261-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Daniël Samson
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. .,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter Engelfriet
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H Susan J Picavet
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - José A Ferreira
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne-Marie Buisman
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - A Mieke H Boots
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Stolzer I, Schickedanz L, Chiriac MT, López-Posadas R, Grassl GA, Mattner J, Wirtz S, Winner B, Neurath MF, Günther C. STAT1 coordinates intestinal epithelial cell death during gastrointestinal infection upstream of Caspase-8. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:130-142. [PMID: 34497340 PMCID: PMC8732278 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis and the maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier are essential components of host defense during gastrointestinal Salmonella Typhimurium infection. Both require a strict regulation of cell death. However, the molecular pathways regulating epithelial cell death have not been completely understood. Here, we elucidated the contribution of central mechanisms of regulated cell death and upstream regulatory components during gastrointestinal infection. Mice lacking Caspase-8 in the intestinal epithelium are highly sensitive towards bacterial induced enteritis and intestinal inflammation, resulting in an enhanced lethality of these mice. This phenotype was associated with an increased STAT1 activation during Salmonella infection. Cell death, barrier breakdown and systemic infection were abrogated by an additional deletion of STAT1 in Casp8ΔIEC mice. In the absence of epithelial STAT1, loss of epithelial cells was abolished which was accompanied by a reduced Caspase-8 activation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that epithelial STAT1 acts upstream of Caspase-8-dependent as well as -independent cell death and thus might play a major role at the crossroad of several central cell death pathways in the intestinal epithelium. In summary, we uncovered that transcriptional control of STAT1 is an essential host response mechanism that is required for the maintenance of intestinal barrier function and host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Stolzer
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura Schickedanz
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mircea T. Chiriac
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rocío López-Posadas
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Guntram A. Grassl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Mattner
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Stem Cell Biology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Liao J, Yang Z, He Y, Wei J, Ren L, Liu E, Zang N. Respiratory tract infection of fatal severe human bocavirus 1 in a 13-month-old child: A case report and literature review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:949817. [PMID: 36605757 PMCID: PMC9808049 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.949817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) belongs to the family Parvoviridae and it is acknowledged that HBoV1 is a respiratory pathogen. We report the case of a 13-month-old boy who presented with a cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing, and who eventually died of severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) showed that HBoV1 was the only detected pathogen. The nasopharyngeal aspirate viral load was 2.08 × 1010 copies/ml and the serum viral load was 2.37 × 105 copies/ml. The child was still oxygen deficient under mechanical ventilation. Chest imaging suggested diffuse lesions in both lungs, an injury caused by ARDS. In this case, the clinical symptoms and signs of the child, the high viral load, viremia, and the detection of mNGS in the tracheal aspirate all supported that HBoV1 could cause severe acute respiratory tract infection in children without other pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongying Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luo Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Enmei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Zang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Daza-Cajigal V, Albuquerque AS, Young DF, Ciancanelli MJ, Moulding D, Angulo I, Jeanne-Julien V, Rosain J, Minskaia E, Casanova JL, Boisson-Dupuis S, Bustamante J, Randall RE, McHugh TD, Thrasher AJ, Burns SO. Partial human Janus kinase 1 deficiency predominantly impairs responses to interferon gamma and intracellular control of mycobacteria. Front Immunol 2022; 13:888427. [PMID: 36159783 PMCID: PMC9501714 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.888427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Janus kinase-1 (JAK1) tyrosine kinase mediates signaling from multiple cytokine receptors, including interferon alpha/beta and gamma (IFN-α/β and IFN-γ), which are important for viral and mycobacterial protection respectively. We previously reported autosomal recessive (AR) hypomorphic JAK1 mutations in a patient with recurrent atypical mycobacterial infections and relatively minor viral infections. This study tests the impact of partial JAK1 deficiency on cellular responses to IFNs and pathogen control. Methods We investigated the role of partial JAK1 deficiency using patient cells and cell models generated with lentiviral vectors expressing shRNA. Results Partial JAK1 deficiency impairs IFN-γ-dependent responses in multiple cell types including THP-1 macrophages, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformed B cells and primary dermal fibroblasts. In THP-1 myeloid cells, partial JAK1 deficiency reduced phagosome acidification and apoptosis and resulted in defective control of mycobacterial infection with enhanced intracellular survival. Although both EBV-B cells and primary dermal fibroblasts with partial JAK1 deficiency demonstrate reduced IFN-α responses, control of viral infection was impaired only in patient EBV-B cells and surprisingly intact in patient primary dermal fibroblasts. Conclusion Our data suggests that partial JAK1 deficiency predominantly affects susceptibility to mycobacterial infection through impact on the IFN-γ responsive pathway in myeloid cells. Susceptibility to viral infections as a result of reduced IFN-α responses is variable depending on cell type. Description of additional patients with inherited JAK1 deficiency will further clarify the spectrum of bacterial and viral susceptibility in this condition. Our results have broader relevance for anticipating infectious complications from the increasing use of selective JAK1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Daza-Cajigal
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Immunology, Royal Free London National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma, Spain.,Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Adriana S Albuquerque
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dan F Young
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Ciancanelli
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dale Moulding
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ivan Angulo
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Valentine Jeanne-Julien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Ekaterina Minskaia
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Richard E Randall
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy D McHugh
- Research Department of Infection, University College London Centre for Clinical Microbiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian J Thrasher
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Immunology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan O Burns
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Immunology, Royal Free London National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Ramana CV, Das B. Profiling transcription factor sub-networks in type I interferon signaling and in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL BIOPHYSICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/cmb-2020-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN α/β) play a central role in innate immunity to respiratory viruses, including coronaviruses. In this study, transcription factor profiling in the transcriptome was used to gain novel insights into the role of inducible transcription factors in response to type I interferon signaling in immune cells and in lung epithelial cells after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Modeling the interferon-inducible transcription factor mRNA data in terms of distinct sub-networks based on biological functions such as antiviral response, immune modulation, and cell growth revealed enrichment of specific transcription factors in mouse and human immune cells. Interrogation of multiple microarray datasets revealed that SARS-CoV-2 induced high levels of IFN-beta and interferon-inducible transcription factor mRNA in human lung epithelial cells. Transcription factor mRNA of the three sub-networks were differentially regulated in human lung epithelial cell lines after SARS-CoV-2 infection and in COVID-19 patients. A subset of type I interferon-inducible transcription factors and inflammatory mediators were specifically enriched in the lungs and neutrophils of Covid-19 patients. The emerging complex picture of type I IFN transcriptional regulation consists of a rapid transcriptional switch mediated by the Jak-Stat cascade and a graded output of the inducible transcription factor activation that enables temporal regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chilakamarti V. Ramana
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon , NH 03766, USA ; Department of Stem Cell and Infectious Diseases , KaviKrishna Laboratory , Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati , India ; Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health , University of Massachusetts , Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Bikul Das
- Department of Stem Cell and Infectious Diseases , KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati , India ; Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health , University of Massachusetts , Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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74
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Abstract
Introduction Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have shown to be highly effective in the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. As with all immunomodulatory therapies, careful assessment of any treatment-associated infection risk is essential to inform clinical decision-making. Areas covered We summarize current literature on infection rates among the licensed JAKi using published phase II/III trial results, post-licensing and registry data. Expert opinion licensed JAKi show increased risk of infection across the class compared to placebo, most commonly affecting respiratory and urinary tracts, nasopharynx and skin. This risk is dose-dependent. Risks are similar at licensed JAKi doses to that seen with biologic therapies. The risk is compounded by other risk factors for infection, such as age and steroid co-prescription. Herpes zoster reactivation is more common with JAKi compared to other targeted immune modulation, making screening for varicella exposure and vaccination in appropriate cohorts an advisable strategy. Crucially, these small risk increases must be balanced against the known harms (including infection) of uncontrolled autoimmune disease. JAKi are a safe and potentially transformative treatment when used for appropriately selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam A Adas
- Centre of Rheumatic diseases, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward Alveyn
- Centre of Rheumatic diseases, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emma Cook
- Centre of Rheumatic diseases, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mrinalini Dey
- Institute of Life Course & Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Rheumatology, Countess of Chester Hospital Nhs Foundation Trust, Chester, UK
| | - James B Galloway
- Centre of Rheumatic diseases, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Katie Bechman
- Centre of Rheumatic diseases, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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75
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Mielcarska MB, Skowrońska K, Wyżewski Z, Toka FN. Disrupting Neurons and Glial Cells Oneness in the Brain-The Possible Causal Role of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010242. [PMID: 35008671 PMCID: PMC8745046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Current data strongly suggest herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in the brain as a contributing factor to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The consequences of HSV-1 brain infection are multilateral, not only are neurons and glial cells damaged, but modifications also occur in their environment, preventing the transmission of signals and fulfillment of homeostatic and immune functions, which can greatly contribute to the development of disease. In this review, we discuss the pathological alterations in the central nervous system (CNS) cells that occur, following HSV-1 infection. We describe the changes in neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes related to the production of inflammatory factors, transition of glial cells into a reactive state, oxidative damage, Aβ secretion, tau hyperphosphorylation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Further, HSV-1 infection can affect processes observed during brain aging, and advanced age favors HSV-1 reactivation as well as the entry of the virus into the brain. The host activates pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) for an effective antiviral response during HSV-1 brain infection, which primarily engages type I interferons (IFNs). Future studies regarding the influence of innate immune deficits on AD development, as well as supporting the neuroprotective properties of glial cells, would reveal valuable information on how to harness cytotoxic inflammatory milieu to counter AD initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matylda Barbara Mielcarska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Jana Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-59-36063
| | - Katarzyna Skowrońska
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Adolfa Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Wyżewski
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Felix Ngosa Toka
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Jana Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 42123, Saint Kitts and Nevis
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76
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Hu X, Li J, Fu M, Zhao X, Wang W. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway: from bench to clinic. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:402. [PMID: 34824210 PMCID: PMC8617206 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 761] [Impact Index Per Article: 253.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. As a fulcrum of many vital cellular processes, the JAK/STAT pathway constitutes a rapid membrane-to-nucleus signaling module and induces the expression of various critical mediators of cancer and inflammation. Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway is associated with various cancers and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the composition, activation, and regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Moreover, we highlight the role of the JAK/STAT pathway and its inhibitors in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Maorong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China.
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77
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Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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78
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Chatzidoukaki O, Stratigi K, Goulielmaki E, Niotis G, Akalestou-Clocher A, Gkirtzimanaki K, Zafeiropoulos A, Altmüller J, Topalis P, Garinis GA. R-loops trigger the release of cytoplasmic ssDNAs leading to chronic inflammation upon DNA damage. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5769. [PMID: 34797720 PMCID: PMC8604417 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
How DNA damage leads to chronic inflammation and tissue degeneration with aging remains to be fully resolved. Here, we show that DNA damage leads to cellular senescence, fibrosis, loss-of-tissue architecture, and chronic pancreatitis in mice with an inborn defect in the excision repair cross complementation group 1 (Ercc1) gene. We find that DNA damage-driven R-loops causally contribute to the active release and buildup of single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) in the cytoplasm of cells triggering a viral-like immune response in progeroid and naturally aged pancreata. To reduce the proinflammatory load, we developed an extracellular vesicle (EV)-based strategy to deliver recombinant S1 or ribonuclease H nucleases in inflamed Ercc1−/− pancreatic cells. Treatment of Ercc1−/− animals with the EV-delivered nuclease cargo eliminates DNA damage-induced R-loops and cytoplasmic ssDNAs alleviating chronic inflammation. Thus, DNA damage-driven ssDNAs causally contribute to tissue degeneration, Ercc1−/− paving the way for novel rationalized intervention strategies against age-related chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania Chatzidoukaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Stratigi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Evi Goulielmaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George Niotis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Alexia Akalestou-Clocher
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Katerina Gkirtzimanaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Pantelis Topalis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George A. Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Corresponding author.
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79
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Liu Z, Zhou M, Yuan C, Ni Z, Liu W, Tan Y, Zhang D, Zhou X, Zou T, Wang J, Hou M, Peng X, Zhang X. Two novel STAT1 mutations cause Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 591:124-129. [PMID: 34815077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare monogenetic disease, which is characterized by susceptibility to some weakly virulent mycobacteria. Here, we explored the pathogenic genes and molecular mechanisms of MSMD patients. We recruited three patients diagnosed with MSMD from two families. Two novel mutations (c.1228A > G, p.K410E and c.2071A > G, p.M691V) in STAT1 gene were identified from two families. The translocation of K410E mutant STAT1 protein into nucleus was not affected. The binding ability between gamma-activating sequence (GAS) and K410E mutant STAT1 protein was significantly reduced, which will reduce the interaction between STAT1 protein with the promoters of target genes. The M691V mutant STAT1 protein cannot translocate into the nucleus after IFN-γ stimulation, which will affect the STAT1 protein form gamma-activating factors (GAF) and bind the GAS in the promoter region of downstream target genes. Taken together, our results showed that the mutation of K410E led to impaired binding of STAT1 to target DNA, and the mutation of M691V prevented the transport of STAT1 into the nucleus, which led to MSMD. Together, we identified two novel mutations (c.1228A > G, p.K410E and c.2071A > G, p.M691V) in STAT1 gene in MSMD patients, and deciphered the molecular mechanism of MSMD caused by STAT1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyi Ni
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Yang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Dazhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xiaopei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Tingting Zou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jiarui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Meiqi Hou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xuejie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xianqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
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80
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Zhong C, Liu F, Hajnik RJ, Yao L, Chen K, Wang M, Liang Y, Sun J, Soong L, Hou W, Hu H. Type I Interferon Promotes Humoral Immunity in Viral Vector Vaccination. J Virol 2021; 95:e0092521. [PMID: 34495698 PMCID: PMC8549508 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00925-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant viral vectors represent an important platform for vaccine delivery. Our recent studies have demonstrated distinct innate immune profiles in responding to viral vectors of different families (e.g., adenovirus versus poxvirus): while human Ad5 vector is minimally innate immune stimulatory, the poxviral vector ALVAC induces strong innate response and stimulates type I interferon (IFN) and inflammasome activation. However, the impact of the innate immune signaling on vaccine-induced adaptive immunity in viral vector vaccination is less clear. Here, we show that Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA), another poxviral vector, stimulated a type I IFN response in innate immune cells through cGAS-STING. Using MVA-HIV vaccine as a model, we found that type I IFN signaling promoted the generation of humoral immunity in MVA-HIV vaccination in vivo. Following vaccination, type I IFN receptor-knockout (IFNAR1-/-) mice produced significantly lower levels of total and HIV gp120-specific antibodies compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Consistent with the antibody response, a type I IFN signaling deficiency also led to reduced levels of plasma cells and memory-like B cells compared to WT mice. Furthermore, analysis of vaccine-induced CD4 T cells showed that type I IFN signaling also promoted the generation of a vaccine-specific CD4 T-cell response and a T follicular helper (Tfh) response in mice. Together, our data indicate a role for type I IFN signaling in promoting humoral immunity in poxviral vector vaccination. The study suggests that modulating type I IFN and its associated innate immune pathways will likely affect vaccine efficacy. IMPORTANCE Viral vectors, including MVA, are an important antigen delivery platform and have been commonly used in vaccine development. Understanding the innate host-viral vector interactions and their impact on vaccine-induced immunity is critical but understudied. Using MVA-HIV vaccination of WT and IFNAR1-/- mice as a model, we report that type I IFN signaling promotes humoral immunity in MVA vaccination, including vaccine-induced antibody, B-cell, and Tfh responses. Our findings provide insights that not only add to our basic understanding of host-viral vector interactions but also will aid in improving vaccine design by potentially modulating type I IFN and its associated innate immune pathways in viral vector vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Fengliang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Renee J. Hajnik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Lei Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kangjing Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meirong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Hou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haitao Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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81
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Abstract
Two of the most prevalent human viruses worldwide, herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively), cause a variety of diseases, including cold sores, genital herpes, herpes stromal keratitis, meningitis and encephalitis. The intrinsic, innate and adaptive immune responses are key to control HSV, and the virus has developed mechanisms to evade them. The immune response can also contribute to pathogenesis, as observed in stromal keratitis and encephalitis. The fact that certain individuals are more prone than others to suffer severe disease upon HSV infection can be partially explained by the existence of genetic polymorphisms in humans. Like all herpesviruses, HSV has two replication cycles: lytic and latent. During lytic replication HSV produces infectious viral particles to infect other cells and organisms, while during latency there is limited gene expression and lack of infectious virus particles. HSV establishes latency in neurons and can cause disease both during primary infection and upon reactivation. The mechanisms leading to latency and reactivation and which are the viral and host factors controlling these processes are not completely understood. Here we review the HSV life cycle, the interaction of HSV with the immune system and three of the best-studied pathologies: Herpes stromal keratitis, herpes simplex encephalitis and genital herpes. We also discuss the potential association between HSV-1 infection and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyong Zhu
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Cluster of Excellence RESIST (Exc 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Abel Viejo-Borbolla
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Cluster of Excellence RESIST (Exc 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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82
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A CRISPR Activation Screen Identifies an Atypical Rho GTPase That Enhances Zika Viral Entry. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112113. [PMID: 34834920 PMCID: PMC8623001 DOI: 10.3390/v13112113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging flavivirus that has caused large-scale epidemics. Infection during pregnancy can lead to neurologic developmental abnormalities in children. There is no approved vaccine or therapy for ZIKV. To uncover cellular pathways required for ZIKV that can be therapeutically targeted, we transcriptionally upregulated all known human coding genes with an engineered CRISPR-Cas9 activation complex in human fibroblasts deficient in interferon (IFN) signaling. We identified Ras homolog family member V (RhoV) and WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1) as proviral factors, and found them to play important roles during early ZIKV infection in A549 cells. We then focused on RhoV, a Rho GTPase with atypical terminal sequences and membrane association, and validated its proviral effects on ZIKV infection and virion production in SNB-19 cells. We found that RhoV promotes infection of some flaviviruses and acts at the step of viral entry. Furthermore, RhoV proviral effects depend on the complete GTPase cycle. By depleting Rho GTPases and related proteins, we identified RhoB and Pak1 as additional proviral factors. Taken together, these results highlight the positive role of RhoV in ZIKV infection and confirm CRISPR activation as a relevant method to identify novel host-pathogen interactions.
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83
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Gern OL, Mulenge F, Pavlou A, Ghita L, Steffen I, Stangel M, Kalinke U. Toll-like Receptors in Viral Encephalitis. Viruses 2021; 13:v13102065. [PMID: 34696494 PMCID: PMC8540543 DOI: 10.3390/v13102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral encephalitis is a rare but serious syndrome. In addition to DNA-encoded herpes viruses, such as herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus, RNA-encoded viruses from the families of Flaviviridae, Rhabdoviridae and Paramyxoviridae are important neurotropic viruses. Whereas in the periphery, the role of Toll-like receptors (TLR) during immune stimulation is well understood, TLR functions within the CNS are less clear. On one hand, TLRs can affect the physiology of neurons during neuronal progenitor cell differentiation and neurite outgrowth, whereas under conditions of infection, the complex interplay between TLR stimulated neurons, astrocytes and microglia is just on the verge of being understood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about which TLRs are expressed by cell subsets of the CNS. Furthermore, we specifically highlight functional implications of TLR stimulation in neurons, astrocytes and microglia. After briefly illuminating some examples of viral evasion strategies from TLR signaling, we report on the current knowledge of primary immunodeficiencies in TLR signaling and their consequences for viral encephalitis. Finally, we provide an outlook with examples of TLR agonist mediated intervention strategies and potentiation of vaccine responses against neurotropic virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Luise Gern
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.M.); (A.P.); (L.G.); (U.K.)
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Felix Mulenge
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.M.); (A.P.); (L.G.); (U.K.)
| | - Andreas Pavlou
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.M.); (A.P.); (L.G.); (U.K.)
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Luca Ghita
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.M.); (A.P.); (L.G.); (U.K.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Imke Steffen
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Martin Stangel
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research (NIBR), 4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.M.); (A.P.); (L.G.); (U.K.)
- Cluster of Excellence—Resolving Infection Susceptibility (RESIST, EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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84
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Zhang SY, Harschnitz O, Studer L, Casanova JL. Neuron-intrinsic immunity to viruses in mice and humans. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 72:309-317. [PMID: 34425410 PMCID: PMC8578315 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Viral encephalitis is a major neglected medical problem. Host defense mechanisms against viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) have long remained unclear. The few previous studies of CNS-specific immunity to viruses in mice in vivo and humans in vitro have focused on the contributions of circulating leukocytes, resident microglial cells and astrocytes, with neurons long considered passive victims of viral infection requiring protection from extrinsic antiviral mechanisms. The last decade has witnessed the gradual emergence of the notion that neurons also combat viruses through cell-intrinsic mechanisms. Forward genetic approaches in humans have shown that monogenic inborn errors of TLR3, IFN-α/β, or snoRNA31 immunity confer susceptibility to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection of the forebrain, whereas inborn errors of DBR1 underlie brainstem infections due to various viruses, including HSV-1. The study of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived CNS-resident cells has unraveled known (i.e. TLR3-dependent IFN-α/β immunity) and new (i.e. snoRNA31-dependent or DBR1-dependent immunity) cell-intrinsic antiviral mechanisms operating in neurons. Reverse genetic approaches in mice have confirmed that some known antiviral mechanisms also operate in mouse neurons (e.g. TLR3 and IFN-α/β immunity). The search for human inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) underlying various forms of viral encephalitis, coupled with mouse models in vivo, and hPSC-based culture models of CNS and peripheral nervous system cells and organoids in vitro, should shed further light on the cell-specific and tissue-specific mechanisms of host defense against viruses in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
| | - Oliver Harschnitz
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
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85
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Gallucci S, Meka S, Gamero AM. Abnormalities of the type I interferon signaling pathway in lupus autoimmunity. Cytokine 2021; 146:155633. [PMID: 34340046 PMCID: PMC8475157 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs), mostly IFNα and IFNβ, and the type I IFN Signature are important in the pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune chronic condition linked to inflammation. Both IFNα and IFNβ trigger a signaling cascade that, through the activation of JAK1, TYK2, STAT1 and STAT2, initiates gene transcription of IFN stimulated genes (ISGs). Noteworthy, other STAT family members and IFN Responsive Factors (IRFs) can also contribute to the activation of the IFN response. Aberrant type I IFN signaling, therefore, can exacerbate SLE by deregulated homeostasis leading to unnecessary persistence of the biological effects of type I IFNs. The etiopathogenesis of SLE is partially known and considered multifactorial. Family-based and genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic and transcriptional abnormalities in key molecules directly involved in the type I IFN signaling pathway, namely TYK2, STAT1 and STAT4, and IRF5. Gain-of-function mutations that heighten IFNα/β production, which in turn maintains type I IFN signaling, are found in other pathologies like the interferonopathies. However, the distinctive characteristics have yet to be determined. Signaling molecules activated in response to type I IFNs are upregulated in immune cell subsets and affected tissues of SLE patients. Moreover, Type I IFNs induce chromatin remodeling leading to a state permissive to transcription, and SLE patients have increased global and gene-specific epigenetic modifications, such as hypomethylation of DNA and histone acetylation. Epigenome wide association studies (EWAS) highlight important differences between SLE patients and healthy controls in Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISGs). The combination of environmental and genetic factors may stimulate type I IFN signaling transiently and produce long-lasting detrimental effects through epigenetic alterations. Substantial evidence for the pathogenic role of type I IFNs in SLE advocates the clinical use of neutralizing anti-type I IFN receptor antibodies as a therapeutic strategy, with clinical studies already showing promising results. Current and future clinical trials will determine whether drugs targeting molecules of the type I IFN signaling pathway, like non-selective JAK inhibitors or specific TYK2 inhibitors, may benefit people living with lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Gallucci
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Sowmya Meka
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ana M Gamero
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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86
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Gao D, Ciancanelli MJ, Zhang P, Harschnitz O, Bondet V, Hasek M, Chen J, Mu X, Itan Y, Cobat A, Sancho-Shimizu V, Bigio B, Lorenzo L, Ciceri G, McAlpine J, Anguiano E, Jouanguy E, Chaussabel D, Meyts I, Diamond MS, Abel L, Hur S, Smith GA, Notarangelo L, Duffy D, Studer L, Casanova JL, Zhang SY. TLR3 controls constitutive IFN-β antiviral immunity in human fibroblasts and cortical neurons. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:134529. [PMID: 33393505 DOI: 10.1172/jci134529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis can be caused by inborn errors of the TLR3 pathway, resulting in impairment of CNS cell-intrinsic antiviral immunity. Deficiencies of the TLR3 pathway impair cell-intrinsic immunity to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and HSV-1 in fibroblasts, and to HSV-1 in cortical but not trigeminal neurons. The underlying molecular mechanism is thought to involve impaired IFN-α/β induction by the TLR3 recognition of dsRNA viral intermediates or by-products. However, we show here that human TLR3 controls constitutive levels of IFNB mRNA and secreted bioactive IFN-β protein, and thereby also controls constitutive mRNA levels for IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in fibroblasts. Tlr3-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts also have lower basal ISG levels. Moreover, human TLR3 controls basal levels of IFN-β secretion and ISG mRNA in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons. Consistently, TLR3-deficient human fibroblasts and cortical neurons are vulnerable not only to both VSV and HSV-1, but also to several other families of viruses. The mechanism by which TLR3 restricts viral growth in human fibroblasts and cortical neurons in vitro and, by inference, by which the human CNS prevents infection by HSV-1 in vivo, is therefore based on the control of early viral infection by basal IFN-β immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxing Gao
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, and.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Michael J Ciancanelli
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Turnstone Biologics, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Oliver Harschnitz
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, and.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mary Hasek
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xin Mu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuval Itan
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, and.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, United Kingdom
| | - Benedetta Bigio
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Gabriele Ciceri
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, and.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica McAlpine
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, and.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Esperanza Anguiano
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research/ANRS Center for Human Vaccines, INSERM U899, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Damien Chaussabel
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research/ANRS Center for Human Vaccines, INSERM U899, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Precision Immunology Institute and Mindich Child Health and Development Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sun Hur
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory A Smith
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Luigi Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, and.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Pediatric Immunology-Hematology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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87
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Bastard P, Manry J, Chen J, Rosain J, Seeleuthner Y, AbuZaitun O, Lorenzo L, Khan T, Hasek M, Hernandez N, Bigio B, Zhang P, Lévy R, Shrot S, Reino EJG, Lee YS, Boucherit S, Aubart M, Gijsbers R, Béziat V, Li Z, Pellegrini S, Rozenberg F, Marr N, Meyts I, Boisson B, Cobat A, Bustamante J, Zhang Q, Jouangy E, Abel L, Somech R, Casanova JL, Zhang SY. Herpes simplex encephalitis in a patient with a distinctive form of inherited IFNAR1 deficiency. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:139980. [PMID: 32960813 DOI: 10.1172/jci139980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of TLR3-dependent IFN-α/β- and IFN-λ-mediated immunity in the CNS can underlie herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis (HSE). The respective contributions of IFN-α/β and IFN-λ are unknown. We report a child homozygous for a genomic deletion of the entire coding sequence and part of the 3'-UTR of the last exon of IFNAR1, who died of HSE at the age of 2 years. An older cousin died following vaccination against measles, mumps, and rubella at 12 months of age, and another 17-year-old cousin homozygous for the same variant has had other, less severe, viral illnesses. The encoded IFNAR1 protein is expressed on the cell surface but is truncated and cannot interact with the tyrosine kinase TYK2. The patient's fibroblasts and EBV-B cells did not respond to IFN-α2b or IFN-β, in terms of STAT1, STAT2, and STAT3 phosphorylation or the genome-wide induction of IFN-stimulated genes. The patient's fibroblasts were susceptible to viruses, including HSV-1, even in the presence of exogenous IFN-α2b or IFN-β. HSE is therefore a consequence of inherited complete IFNAR1 deficiency. This viral disease occurred in natural conditions, unlike those previously reported in other patients with IFNAR1 or IFNAR2 deficiency. This experiment of nature indicates that IFN-α/β are essential for anti-HSV-1 immunity in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeremy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jie Chen
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | | | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | | | - Mary Hasek
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas Hernandez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Benedetta Bigio
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Romain Lévy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Pediatric Immunology-Hematology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Shai Shrot
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eduardo J Garcia Reino
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yoon-Seung Lee
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Soraya Boucherit
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Aubart
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rik Gijsbers
- Laboratory of Viral Vector Technology and Gene Therapy and Leuven Viral Vector Core, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Zhi Li
- Unit of Cytokine Signaling, Pasteur Institute, INSERM U1221, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Pellegrini
- Unit of Cytokine Signaling, Pasteur Institute, INSERM U1221, Paris, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Laboratory of Virology, University of Paris, AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Network Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Precision Immunology Institute and Mindich Child Health and Development Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouangy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Raz Somech
- Pediatric Department and Immunology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Pediatric Immunology-Hematology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
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88
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Peng T, Phasouk K, Sodroski CN, Sun S, Hwangbo Y, Layton ED, Jin L, Klock A, Diem K, Magaret AS, Jing L, Laing K, Li A, Huang ML, Mertens M, Johnston C, Jerome KR, Koelle DM, Wald A, Knipe DM, Corey L, Zhu J. Tissue-Resident-Memory CD8 + T Cells Bridge Innate Immune Responses in Neighboring Epithelial Cells to Control Human Genital Herpes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:735643. [PMID: 34552595 PMCID: PMC8450389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.735643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident-memory T cells (TRM) populate the body's barrier surfaces, functioning as frontline responders against reencountered pathogens. Understanding of the mechanisms by which CD8TRM achieve effective immune protection remains incomplete in a naturally recurring human disease. Using laser capture microdissection and transcriptional profiling, we investigate the impact of CD8TRM on the tissue microenvironment in skin biopsies sequentially obtained from a clinical cohort of diverse disease expression during herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) reactivation. Epithelial cells neighboring CD8TRM display elevated and widespread innate and cell-intrinsic antiviral signature expression, largely related to IFNG expression. Detailed evaluation via T-cell receptor reconstruction confirms that CD8TRM recognize viral-infected cells at the specific HSV-2 peptide/HLA level. The hierarchical pattern of core IFN-γ signature expression is well-conserved in normal human skin across various anatomic sites, while elevation of IFI16, TRIM 22, IFITM2, IFITM3, MX1, MX2, STAT1, IRF7, ISG15, IFI44, CXCL10 and CCL5 expression is associated with HSV-2-affected asymptomatic tissue. In primary human cells, IFN-γ pretreatment reduces gene transcription at the immediate-early stage of virus lifecycle, enhances IFI16 restriction of wild-type HSV-2 replication and renders favorable kinetics for host protection. Thus, the adaptive immune response through antigen-specific recognition instructs innate and cell-intrinsic antiviral machinery to control herpes reactivation, a reversal of the canonical thinking of innate activating adaptive immunity in primary infection. Communication from CD8TRM to surrounding epithelial cells to activate broad innate resistance might be critical in restraining various viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Khamsone Phasouk
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Catherine N. Sodroski
- Department of Microbiology and Virology Program, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sijie Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yon Hwangbo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Erik D. Layton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lei Jin
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alexis Klock
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kurt Diem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Amalia S. Magaret
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lichen Jing
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kerry Laing
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alvason Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Meei-Li Huang
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Max Mertens
- Department of Microbiology and Virology Program, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christine Johnston
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Keith R. Jerome
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - David M. Koelle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Anna Wald
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - David M. Knipe
- Department of Microbiology and Virology Program, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lawrence Corey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jia Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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89
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Lodhi N, Singh R, Rajput SP, Saquib Q. SARS-CoV-2: Understanding the Transcriptional Regulation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and the Role of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) at Codon 72 of p53 in the Innate Immune Response against Virus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8660. [PMID: 34445373 PMCID: PMC8395432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human ACE2 and the serine protease TMPRSS2 of novel SARS-CoV-2 are primary entry receptors in host cells. Expression of these genes at the transcriptional level has not been much discussed in detail. The ISRE elements of the ACE2 promoter are a binding site for the ISGF3 complex of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. TMPRSS2, including IFNβ, STAT1, and STAT2, has the PARP1 binding site near to TSS either up or downstream promoter region. It is well documented that PARP1 regulates gene expression at the transcription level. Therefore, to curb virus infection, both promoting type I IFN signaling to boost innate immunity and prevention of virus entry by inhibiting PARP1, ACE2 or TMPRSS2 are safe options. Most importantly, our aim is to attract the attention of the global scientific community towards the codon 72 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of p53 and its underneath role in the innate immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we discuss codon 72 SNP of human p53's role in the different innate immune response to restrict virus-mediated mortality rate only in specific parts of the world. In addition, we discuss potential targets and emerging therapies using bioengineered bacteriophage, anti-sense, or CRISPR strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Lodhi
- Clinical Research (Research and Development Division) miRNA Analytics LLC, Harlem Bio-Space, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rubi Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | | | - Quaiser Saquib
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia;
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90
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Marié IJ, Brambilla L, Azzouz D, Chen Z, Baracho GV, Arnett A, Li HS, Liu W, Cimmino L, Chattopadhyay P, Silverman G, Watowich SS, Khor B, Levy DE. Tonic interferon restricts pathogenic IL-17-driven inflammatory disease via balancing the microbiome. eLife 2021; 10:68371. [PMID: 34378531 PMCID: PMC8376249 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of immune homeostasis involves a synergistic relationship between the host and the microbiome. Canonical interferon (IFN) signaling controls responses to acute microbial infection, through engagement of the STAT1 transcription factor. However, the contribution of tonic levels of IFN to immune homeostasis in the absence of acute infection remains largely unexplored. We report that STAT1 KO mice spontaneously developed an inflammatory disease marked by myeloid hyperplasia and splenic accumulation of hematopoietic stem cells. Moreover, these animals developed inflammatory bowel disease. Profiling gut bacteria revealed a profound dysbiosis in the absence of tonic IFN signaling, which triggered expansion of TH17 cells and loss of splenic Treg cells. Reduction of bacterial load by antibiotic treatment averted the TH17 bias and blocking IL17 signaling prevented myeloid expansion and splenic stem cell accumulation. Thus, tonic IFNs regulate gut microbial ecology, which is crucial for maintaining physiologic immune homeostasis and preventing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Doua Azzouz
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Ze Chen
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | | | - Azlann Arnett
- Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, United States
| | - Haiyan S Li
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Weiguo Liu
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Luisa Cimmino
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, United States
| | | | | | | | - Bernard Khor
- Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, United States
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91
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Boisson-Dupuis S, Bustamante J. Mycobacterial diseases in patients with inborn errors of immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 72:262-271. [PMID: 34315005 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clinical disease caused by the agent of tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and by less virulent mycobacteria, such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines and environmental mycobacteria, can result from inborn errors of immunity (IEIs). IEIs underlie more than 450 conditions, each associated with an impairment of the development and/or function of hematopoietic and/or non-hematopoietic cells involved in host defense. Only a minority of IEIs confer predisposition to mycobacterial disease. The IEIs underlying susceptibility to bona fide tuberculosis are less well delineated than those responsible for susceptibility to less virulent mycobacteria. However, all these IEIs share a defining feature: the impairment of immunity mediated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ). More profound IFN-γ deficiency is associated with a greater vulnerability to weakly virulent mycobacteria, whereas more selective IFN-γ deficiency is associated with a more selective predisposition to mycobacterial disease. We review here recent progress in the study of IEIs underlying mycobacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, EU, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, EU, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, EU, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, EU, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, EU, France.
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92
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Tabib T, Huang M, Morse N, Papazoglou A, Behera R, Jia M, Bulik M, Monier DE, Benos PV, Chen W, Domsic R, Lafyatis R. Myofibroblast transcriptome indicates SFRP2 hi fibroblast progenitors in systemic sclerosis skin. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4384. [PMID: 34282151 PMCID: PMC8289865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin and lung fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is driven by myofibroblasts, alpha-smooth muscle actin expressing cells. The number of myofibroblasts in SSc skin correlates with the modified Rodnan skin score, the most widely used clinical measure of skin disease severity. Murine fibrosis models indicate that myofibroblasts can arise from a variety of different cell types, but their origin in SSc skin has remained uncertain. Utilizing single cell RNA-sequencing, we define different dermal fibroblast populations and transcriptome changes, comparing SSc to healthy dermal fibroblasts. Here, we show that SSc dermal myofibroblasts arise in two steps from an SFRP2hi/DPP4-expressing progenitor fibroblast population. In the first step, SSc fibroblasts show globally upregulated expression of transcriptome markers, such as PRSS23 and THBS1. A subset of these cells shows markers indicating that they are proliferating. Only a fraction of SFRP2hi SSc fibroblasts differentiate into myofibroblasts, as shown by expression of additional markers, SFRP4 and FNDC1. Bioinformatics analysis of the SSc fibroblast transcriptomes implicated upstream transcription factors, including FOSL2, RUNX1, STAT1, FOXP1, IRF7 and CREB3L1, as well as SMAD3, driving SSc myofibroblast differentiation. Myofibroblasts drive fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc), but the cellular progenitors are unknown. Utilizing single cell RNA-sequencing, the authors show that SSc dermal myofibroblasts arise in a two-step process from SFRP2/DPP4-expressing progenitors and implicate upstream transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mengqi Huang
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nina Morse
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Papazoglou
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rithika Behera
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Minxue Jia
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Melissa Bulik
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daisy E Monier
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Panayiotis V Benos
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robyn Domsic
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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93
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Multicentric Castleman disease revealing complete signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 deficiency treated by JAK1/2 inhibition. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:3838-3840.e1. [PMID: 34217848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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94
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Le Voyer T, Sakata S, Tsumura M, Khan T, Esteve-Sole A, Al-Saud BK, Gungor HE, Taur P, Jeanne-Julien V, Christiansen M, Köhler LM, ElGhazali GE, Rosain J, Nishimura S, Sakura F, Bouaziz M, Oleaga-Quintas C, Nieto-Patlán A, Deyà-Martinez À, Altuner Torun Y, Neehus AL, Roynard M, Bozdemir SE, Al Kaabi N, Al Hassani M, Mersiyanova I, Rozenberg F, Speckmann C, Hainmann I, Hauck F, Alzahrani MH, Alhajjar SH, Al-Muhsen S, Cole T, Fuleihan R, Arkwright PD, Badolato R, Alsina L, Abel L, Desai M, Al-Mousa H, Shcherbina A, Marr N, Boisson-Dupuis S, Casanova JL, Okada S, Bustamante J. Genetic, Immunological, and Clinical Features of 32 Patients with Autosomal Recessive STAT1 Deficiency. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:133-152. [PMID: 34183371 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive (AR) STAT1 deficiency is a severe inborn error of immunity disrupting cellular responses to type I, II, and III IFNs, and IL-27, and conferring a predisposition to both viral and mycobacterial infections. We report the genetic, immunological, and clinical features of an international cohort of 32 patients from 20 kindreds: 24 patients with complete deficiency, and 8 patients with partial deficiency. Twenty-four patients suffered from mycobacterial disease (bacillus Calmette-Guérin = 13, environmental mycobacteria = 10, or both in 1 patient). Fifty-four severe viral episodes occurred in sixteen patients, mainly caused by Herpesviridae viruses. Attenuated live measles, mumps, and rubella and/or varicella zoster virus vaccines triggered severe reactions in the five patients with complete deficiency who were vaccinated. Seven patients developed features of hemophagocytic syndrome. Twenty-one patients died, and death was almost twice as likely in patients with complete STAT1 deficiency than in those with partial STAT1 deficiency. All but one of the eight survivors with AR complete deficiency underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Overall survival after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 64%. A diagnosis of AR STAT1 deficiency should be considered in children with mycobacterial and/or viral infectious diseases. It is important to distinguish between complete and partial forms of AR STAT1 deficiency, as their clinical outcome and management differ significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France; .,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sonoko Sakata
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miyuki Tsumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Taushif Khan
- Division of Translational Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ana Esteve-Sole
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, and Functional Unit of Immunology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bandar K Al-Saud
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatice Eke Gungor
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Erkilet, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Prasad Taur
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Valentine Jeanne-Julien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mette Christiansen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lisa-Maria Köhler
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gehad Eltayeb ElGhazali
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City-Union71, Abu Dhabi and Department of Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Shiho Nishimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Sakura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Matthieu Bouaziz
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Carmen Oleaga-Quintas
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Alejandro Nieto-Patlán
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Research and Development in Bioprocess Unit, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Àngela Deyà-Martinez
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, and Functional Unit of Immunology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yasemin Altuner Torun
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit, Istinye University, School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Manon Roynard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sefika Elmas Bozdemir
- Pediatric İnfectious Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Erkilet, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nawal Al Kaabi
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City-Union71, Abu Dhabi and Department of Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moza Al Hassani
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City-Union71, Abu Dhabi and Department of Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Irina Mersiyanova
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Department of Virology, Cochin Hospital, University of Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ina Hainmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Sami Hussain Alhajjar
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Muhsen
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Theresa Cole
- Department of Immunology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ramsay Fuleihan
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Peter D Arkwright
- Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Angelo Nocivelli, University of Brescia, Civil Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laia Alsina
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, and Functional Unit of Immunology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Mukesh Desai
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Hamoud Al-Mousa
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nico Marr
- Division of Translational Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY; and
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France; .,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Study Center for Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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95
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Tsumura M, Miki M, Mizoguchi Y, Hirata O, Nishimura S, Tamaura M, Kagawa R, Hayakawa S, Kobayashi M, Okada S. Enhanced osteoclastogenesis in patients with MSMD due to impaired response to IFN-γ. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 149:252-261.e6. [PMID: 34176646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) experience recurrent and/or persistent infectious diseases associated with poorly virulent mycobacteria. Multifocal osteomyelitis is among the representative manifestations of MSMD. The frequency of multifocal osteomyelitis is especially high in patients with MSMD etiologies that impair cellular response to IFN-γ, such as IFN-γR1, IFN-γR2, or STAT1 deficiency. OBJECTIVES This study sought to characterize the mechanism underlying multifocal osteomyelitis in MSMD. METHODS GM colonies prepared from bone marrow mononuclear cells from patients with autosomal dominant (AD) IFN-γR1 deficiency, AD STAT1 deficiency, or STAT1 gain of function (GOF) and from healthy controls were differentiated into osteoclasts in the presence or absence of IFN-γ. The inhibitory effect of IFN-γ on osteoclastogenesis was investigated by quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and pit formation assays. RESULTS Increased osteoclast numbers were identified by examining the histopathology of osteomyelitis in patients with AD IFN-γR1 deficiency or AD STAT1 deficiency. In the presence of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand and M-CSF, GM colonies from patients with AD IFN-γR1 deficiency, AD STAT1 deficiency, or STAT1 GOF differentiated into osteoclasts, similar to GM colonies from healthy volunteers. IFN-γ concentration-dependent inhibition of osteoclast formation was impaired in GM colonies from patients with AD IFN-γR1 deficiency or AD STAT1 deficiency, whereas it was enhanced in GM colonies from patients with STAT1 GOF. CONCLUSIONS Osteoclast differentiation is increased in AD IFN-γR1 deficiency and AD STAT1 deficiency due to an impaired response to IFN-γ, leading to excessive osteoclast proliferation and, by inference, increased bone resorption in infected foci, which may underlie multifocal osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Tsumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mizuka Miki
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoko Mizoguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Osamu Hirata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan; Hidamari Children Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiho Nishimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Moe Tamaura
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima-Nishi Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Reiko Kagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Seiichi Hayakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masao Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan; Japanese Red Cross, Chugoku-Shikoku Block Blood Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.
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96
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Skullcapflavone II Suppresses TNF-α/IFN-γ-Induced TARC, MDC, and CTSS Production in HaCaT Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126428. [PMID: 34208434 PMCID: PMC8233710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Skullcapflavone II (SFII), a flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, its therapeutic potential for skin inflammatory diseases and its mechanism are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of SFII on TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-associated cytokines, such as thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC). Co-stimulation with TNF-α/IFN-γ in HaCaT cells is a well-established model for induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We treated cells with SFII prior to TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulation and confirmed that it significantly inhibited TARC and MDC expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, SFII also inhibited the expression of cathepsin S (CTSS), which is associated with itching in patients with AD. Using specific inhibitors, we demonstrated that STAT1, NF-κB, and p38 MAPK mediate TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced TARC and MDC, as well as CTSS expression. Finally, we confirmed that SFII significantly suppressed TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of STAT1, NF-κB, and p38 MAPK. Taken together, our study indicates that SFII inhibits TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced TARC, MDC, and CTSS expression by regulating STAT1, NF-κB, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
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97
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Sui Y, Li J, Venzon DJ, Berzofsky JA. SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Suppresses ACE2 and Type I Interferon Expression in Primary Cells From Macaque Lung Bronchoalveolar Lavage. Front Immunol 2021; 12:658428. [PMID: 34149696 PMCID: PMC8213020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.658428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 virus causes upper and lower respiratory diseases including pneumonia, and in some cases, leads to lethal pulmonary failure. Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), the receptor for cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been shown to protect against severe acute lung failure. Here, we provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 reduced the mRNA expression of ACE2 and type I interferons in primary cells of lung bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from naïve rhesus macaques. The expression levels of ACE2 and type I interferons were also found to be correlated with each other, consistent with the recent finding that ACE2 is an interferon-inducible gene. Furthermore, induction of ACE2 and type I interferons by poly I:C, an interferon inducer, was suppressed by S1 protein in primary cells of BAL. These observations suggest that the downregulation of ACE2 and type I interferons induced by S1 protein may directly contribute to SARS-CoV-2-associated lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Sui
- Vaccine Branch, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jianping Li
- Vaccine Branch, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David J Venzon
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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98
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Untwining Anti-Tumor and Immunosuppressive Effects of JAK Inhibitors-A Strategy for Hematological Malignancies? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112611. [PMID: 34073410 PMCID: PMC8197909 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is aberrantly activated in many malignancies. Inhibition of this pathway via JAK inhibitors (JAKinibs) is therefore an attractive therapeutic strategy underlined by Ruxolitinib (JAK1/2 inhibitor) being approved for the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms. As a consequence of the crucial role of the JAK-STAT pathway in the regulation of immune responses, inhibition of JAKs suppresses the immune system. This review article provides a thorough overview of the current knowledge on JAKinibs’ effects on immune cells in the context of hematological malignancies. We also discuss the potential use of JAKinibs for the treatment of diseases in which lymphocytes are the source of the malignancy. Abstract The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway propagates signals from a variety of cytokines, contributing to cellular responses in health and disease. Gain of function mutations in JAKs or STATs are associated with malignancies, with JAK2V617F being the main driver mutation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Therefore, inhibition of this pathway is an attractive therapeutic strategy for different types of cancer. Numerous JAK inhibitors (JAKinibs) have entered clinical trials, including the JAK1/2 inhibitor Ruxolitinib approved for the treatment of MPN. Importantly, loss of function mutations in JAK-STAT members are a cause of immune suppression or deficiencies. MPN patients undergoing Ruxolitinib treatment are more susceptible to infections and secondary malignancies. This highlights the suppressive effects of JAKinibs on immune responses, which renders them successful in the treatment of autoimmune diseases but potentially detrimental for cancer patients. Here, we review the current knowledge on the effects of JAKinibs on immune cells in the context of hematological malignancies. Furthermore, we discuss the potential use of JAKinibs for the treatment of diseases in which lymphocytes are the source of malignancies. In summary, this review underlines the necessity of a robust immune profiling to provide the best benefit for JAKinib-treated patients.
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99
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STAT1 gain-of-function heterozygous cell models reveal diverse interferon-signature gene transcriptional responses. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:34. [PMID: 33990617 PMCID: PMC8121859 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00196-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) gain-of-function (GOF) is an autosomal dominant immune disorder marked by wide infectious predisposition, autoimmunity, vascular disease, and malignancy. Its molecular hallmark, elevated phospho-STAT1 (pSTAT1) following interferon (IFN) stimulation, is seen consistently in all patients and may not fully account for the broad phenotypic spectrum associated with this disorder. While over 100 mutations have been implicated in STAT1 GOF, genotype-phenotype correlation remains limited, and current overexpression models may be of limited use in gene expression studies. We generated heterozygous mutants in diploid HAP1 cells using CRISPR/Cas9 base-editing, targeting the endogenous STAT1 gene. Our models recapitulated the molecular phenotype of elevated pSTAT1, and were used to characterize the expression of five IFN-stimulated genes under a number of conditions. At baseline, transcriptional polarization was evident among mutants compared with wild type, and this was maintained following prolonged serum starvation. This suggests a possible role for unphosphorylated STAT1 in the pathogenesis of STAT1 GOF. Following stimulation with IFNα or IFNγ, differential patterns of gene expression emerged among mutants, including both gain and loss of transcriptional function. This work highlights the importance of modeling heterozygous conditions, and in particular transcription factor-related disorders, in a manner which accurately reflects patient genotype and molecular signature. Furthermore, we propose a complex and multifactorial transcriptional profile associated with various STAT1 mutations, adding to global efforts in establishing STAT1 GOF genotype-phenotype correlation and enhancing our understanding of disease pathogenesis.
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100
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Thomsen MM, Tyrberg T, Skaalum K, Carter-Timofte M, Freytag MR, Norberg P, Helleberg M, Storgaard M, Nielsen H, Bodilsen J, Grahn A, Mogensen T. Genetic variants and immune responses in a cohort of patients with varicella zoster virus encephalitis. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:2122-2132. [PMID: 33974706 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) may involve different central nervous system (CNS) manifestations, including meningitis, encephalitis, and vasculitis. In cases where otherwise healthy individuals are affected, an inborn error of immunity may underlie increased susceptibility or severity of infection. METHODS We collected a cohort of 17 adults who experienced VZV encephalitis and performed whole exome sequencing. Patient PBMCs were infected with VZV and innate antiviral interferon and cytokine responses as well as viral replication was evaluated. Data were analyzed by Mann Whitney U test. RESULTS We identified a total of 21 different potentially disease-causing variants in a total of 13 of the 17 patients included. These gene variants were within two major functional clusters: i) innate viral sensors and immune pathways and ii) autophagy pathways. Antiviral interferon (IFN) and cytokine responses were abnormal in the majority of patients, whereas viral replication was increased in only 2/17. CONCLUSION This study identifies a list of variants of pathogenic potential, which may serve as a platform for generating hypotheses for future studies addressing genetic and immunological factors associated with susceptibility to VZV encephalitis. Collectively, these data suggest that disturbances in innate sensing and autophagy pathways may predispose to VZV encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Thomsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tobias Tyrberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Skaalum
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Mette R Freytag
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Norberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie Helleberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Storgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Jacob Bodilsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Anna Grahn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Trine Mogensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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