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Sun Q, Chen SN, Yu SY, Wang F, Fu X, Chen R, Li J. Lower Melatonin Indicates Poor Short-term Prognosis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Curr Neurovasc Res 2024; 21:148-156. [PMID: 38468527 DOI: 10.2174/0115672026302380240307091232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
AIMS We evaluated endogenous melatonin levels in the acute phase of cerebral infarction and explored the impact of possible changes in melatonin levels on the prognosis of patients. METHODS This study recruited acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients from the Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between December 2019 and June 2021, along with healthy control subjects. Salivary melatonin samples were collected from each participant between 7 pm and 10 pm, and fasting plasma was collected the following morning to measure the levels of inflammatory markers. The prognosis was assessed through follow-up three months after discharge. The relationship between melatonin levels and plasma inflammatory markers was assessed, followed by an analysis of the effect of melatonin levels on patient prognosis. RESULTS The study enrolled a total of 160 participants, including 120 AIS patients aged 50 years or older (61.7% male) and 40 age-matched controls (55.0% male). The AIS group exhibited lower salivary melatonin levels at 19 (P = 0.002), 20 (P < 0.001), 21 (P < 0.001), and 22 (P < 0.001) o'clock, and the average melatonin level was also lower (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis models indicated an association between low melatonin levels and poor prognosis. Salivary melatonin levels demonstrated good predictive ability for the prognosis of AIS patients. CONCLUSION Melatonin levels were lower in AIS patients compared to controls. In addition, lower melatonin levels were associated with a poorer prognosis among AIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi No.2 people's hospital, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Chen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Si-Yuan Yu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Xiang Fu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
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Bautista-Perez SM, Silva-Islas CA, Sandoval-Marquez OU, Toledo-Toledo J, Bello-Martínez JM, Barrera-Oviedo D, Maldonado PD. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Garlic in Ischemic Stroke: Proposal of a New Mechanism of Protection through Regulation of Neuroplasticity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2126. [PMID: 38136245 PMCID: PMC10740829 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke represents one of the main causes of death and disability in the world; despite this, pharmacological therapies against stroke remain insufficient. Ischemic stroke is the leading etiology of stroke. Different molecular mechanisms, such as excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation, participate in cell death and tissue damage. At a preclinical level, different garlic compounds have been evaluated against these mechanisms. Additionally, there is evidence supporting the participation of garlic compounds in other mechanisms that contribute to brain tissue recovery, such as neuroplasticity. After ischemia, neuroplasticity is activated to recover cognitive and motor function. Some garlic-derived compounds and preparations have shown the ability to promote neuroplasticity under physiological conditions and, more importantly, in cerebral damage models. This work describes damage/repair mechanisms and the importance of garlic as a source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents against damage. Moreover, we examine the less-explored neurotrophic properties of garlic, culminating in proposals and observations based on our review of the available information. The aim of the present study is to propose that garlic compounds and preparations could contribute to the treatment of ischemic stroke through their neurotrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Monserrat Bautista-Perez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.M.B.-P.); (J.M.B.-M.); (D.B.-O.)
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
| | - Carlos Alfredo Silva-Islas
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
| | - Oscar Uriel Sandoval-Marquez
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
| | - Jesús Toledo-Toledo
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital General de Zona #30, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 08300, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Bello-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.M.B.-P.); (J.M.B.-M.); (D.B.-O.)
- Departamento Cirugía General, Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City 11600, Mexico
| | - Diana Barrera-Oviedo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.M.B.-P.); (J.M.B.-M.); (D.B.-O.)
| | - Perla D. Maldonado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.M.B.-P.); (J.M.B.-M.); (D.B.-O.)
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
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Baranovicova E, Kalenska D, Kaplan P, Kovalska M, Tatarkova Z, Lehotsky J. Blood and Brain Metabolites after Cerebral Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17302. [PMID: 38139131 PMCID: PMC10743907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of an organism's response to cerebral ischemia at different levels is essential to understanding the mechanism of the injury and protection. A great interest is devoted to finding the links between quantitative metabolic changes and post-ischemic damage. This work aims to summarize the outcomes of the most studied metabolites in brain tissue-lactate, glutamine, GABA (4-aminobutyric acid), glutamate, and NAA (N-acetyl aspartate)-regarding their biological function in physiological conditions and their role after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. We focused on ischemic damage and post-ischemic recovery in both experimental-including our results-as well as clinical studies. We discuss the role of blood glucose in view of the diverse impact of hyperglycemia, whether experimentally induced, caused by insulin resistance, or developed as a stress response to the cerebral ischemic event. Additionally, based on our and other studies, we analyze and critically discuss post-ischemic alterations in energy metabolites and the elevation of blood ketone bodies observed in the studies on rodents. To complete the schema, we discuss alterations in blood plasma circulating amino acids after cerebral ischemia. So far, no fundamental brain or blood metabolite(s) has been recognized as a relevant biological marker with the feasibility to determine the post-ischemic outcome or extent of ischemic damage. However, studies from our group on rats subjected to protective ischemic preconditioning showed that these animals did not develop post-ischemic hyperglycemia and manifested a decreased metabolic infringement and faster metabolomic recovery. The metabolomic approach is an additional tool for understanding damaging and/or restorative processes within the affected brain region reflected in the blood to uncover the response of the whole organism via interorgan metabolic communications to the stressful cerebral ischemic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Baranovicova
- Biomedical Center BioMed, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Dagmar Kalenska
- Department of Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kaplan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia (Z.T.)
| | - Maria Kovalska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Tatarkova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia (Z.T.)
| | - Jan Lehotsky
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia (Z.T.)
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Kadir RRA, Rakkar K, Othman OA, Sprigg N, Bath PM, Bayraktutan U. Analysis of endothelial progenitor cell subtypes as clinical biomarkers for elderly patients with ischaemic stroke. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21843. [PMID: 38071215 PMCID: PMC10710409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48907-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), expressing markers for stemness (CD34), immaturity (CD133) and endothelial maturity (KDR), may determine the extent of post-stroke vascular repair. Given the prevalence of stroke in elderly, this study explored whether variations in plasmatic availability of certain EPC subtypes could predict the severity and outcome of disease in older patients. Blood samples were collected from eighty-one consented patients (≥ 65 years) at admission and days 7, 30 and 90 post-stroke. EPCs were counted with flow cytometry. Stroke severity and outcome were assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Barthel Index and modified Rankin Scale. The levels of key elements known to affect EPC characteristics were measured by ELISA. Diminished total antioxidant capacity and CD34 + KDR + and CD133 + KDR + counts in early phases of stroke were associated with disease severity and worse functional outcome at day 90 post-stroke. Baseline levels of angiogenic agent PDGF-BB, but not VEGF, positively correlated with CD34 + KDR + numbers at day 90. Baseline LDL-cholesterol levels were inversely correlated with CD34 + KDR+, CD133 + KDR + and CD34 + CD133 + KDR + numbers at day 90. Close correlation between baseline CD34 + KDR + and CD133 + KDR + counts and the outcome of stroke proposes these particular EPC subtypes as potential prognostic markers for ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rais Reskiawan A Kadir
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kamini Rakkar
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Othman A Othman
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nikola Sprigg
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Philip M Bath
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ulvi Bayraktutan
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, Queens Medical Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby Road, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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Sri Kanaka Durga Vijayalakshmi G, Puvvada N. Recent Advances in Chemically Engineered Nanostructures Impact on Ischemic Stroke Treatment. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:45188-45207. [PMID: 38075770 PMCID: PMC10701887 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is a serious public health problem that raises expenses for society and causes long-term impairment and death. However, due to restricted blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, there are few treatment alternatives for treating stroke. Recanalization techniques, neuroprotective medications, and recovery techniques are all forms of treatment. The ischemic stroke treatment window is too narrow for logical and efficient therapy, and detection is possible only in advanced stages. BBB integrity disruption, neurotoxicity, and the brief half-life of therapeutic thrombolytics are the key molecular pathogenic causes of ischemic stroke. Existing neuroprotective drugs' inability to promote the recovery of ischemic brain tissue after a stroke is another factor that contributes to the disease's progression, chronic nature, and severity. A possible approach to getting around these medication restrictions and boosting the effectiveness of therapies is nanotechnology. In order to get around these drug-related restrictions and boost the effectiveness of therapies for neurological conditions such as stroke, nanotechnology has emerged as a viable option. These problems might be avoided by using nanoparticle-based methods to create a thrombolytic medication that is safe to use after the tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment window has passed. The idea of using biomimetic nanoparticles in the future for the treatment of ischemic stroke through immunotherapy and stem cell therapy is highlighted, along with recent advancements in the study of nanomaterials for ischemic stroke diagnostics and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagaprasad Puvvada
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, VIT-AP University, Amaravathi, Andhra Pradesh 522237, India
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56
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Zhen J, Liu S, Kam RYL, Zhao G, Peng H, Liang J, Xu A, Li C, Ren L, Wu J, Cheung BMY. Association of beta-2-microglobulin, cystatin C and lipocalin-2 with stroke risk in the general Chinese population. Ann Med 2023; 55:2203516. [PMID: 37155257 PMCID: PMC10167872 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2203516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), cystatin C and lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) are established renal biomarkers, yet their roles in stroke have not been fully evaluated. We aimed to investigate the relationship of B2M, cystatin C, and LCN-2 with stroke risk in a general Chinese population. METHODS We used ordinal regression to study the relationship between serum B2M, cystatin C, and LCN-2 with stroke risk in 1060 participants (mean age 45.4 ± 10.8 years, 46% male) from the Shenzhen-Hong Kong United Network on Cardiovascular Disease (SHUN-CVD) study. Stroke risk was classified into low-risk, middle-risk and high-risk groups according to the China National Stroke Screening Survey criteria. Serum biomarker levels were measured using immunoturbidimetric assays. Participants with valid data on serum biomarker levels and stroke risk were included in the analysis. RESULTS The number of participants in the low-risk, middle-risk and high-risk stroke risk groups were 663, 143 and 254 respectively. Elevated serum B2M, cystatin C, and LCN-2 levels were associated with being male, overweight/obesity, hypertension, alcohol consumption and smoking. Serum B2M, cystatin C and LCN-2 levels were significantly associated with stroke risk in the overall population (B2M: β = 0.595, p < .001; cystatin C: β = 3.718, p < .001; LCN-2: β = 0.564, p < .001) after adjustment for age. CONCLUSION Elevated serum B2M, cystatin C and LCN-2 levels are associated with stroke risk. They may be novel biomarkers for clinicians to assess stroke risk.Key messagesSerum beta-2-microglobulin, cystatin C and lipocalin-2 levels are significantly associated with stroke risk.Beta-2-microglobulin, cystatin C and lipocalin-2 may serve as useful biomarkers for stroke risk stratification in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanying Zhen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ryan Yan Lam Kam
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guoru Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Research Center for Neural Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Liang
- Precision Health Research Center Company Limited, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lijie Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bernard Man Yung Cheung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Liao W, Wang M, Wu Y, Du J, Li Y, Su A, Zhong L, Xie Z, Gong M, Liang J, Wang P, Liu Z, Wang L. The mechanisms of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction in treating ischaemic stroke based on network pharmacology and experiment verification. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1014-1029. [PMID: 37410583 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2230477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) is effective in treating ischaemic stroke (IS). However, its mechanism of action is still unclear. OBJECTIVE Network pharmacology integrated with in vivo experiments were used to clarify the underlying mechanisms of HGWD for treating IS. MATERIALS AND METHODS TCMSP, GeneCards, OMIM and STRING were used to retrieve and construct visual protein interaction networks for the key targets. The AutoDock tool was used for molecular docking between key targets and active compounds. The neuroprotective effect of HGWD were verified in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model rat. The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham, model, low-dose (5 g/kg, i.g.), high-dose (20 g/kg, i.g.), and nimodipine (20 mg/kg, i.g.) groups once daily for 7 days. The neurological scores, brain infarct volumes, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory cytokines, Nissl bodies, apoptotic neurons, and signalling pathways were all investigated and evaluated in vivo. RESULTS Network pharmacology identified 117 HGWD targets related to IS and 36 candidate compounds. GO and KEGG analyses showed that HGWD anti-IS effects were mainly associated with PI3K-Akt and HIF-1 signalling pathways. HGWD effectively reduced the cerebral infarct volumes (19.19%), the number of apoptotic neurons (16.78%), and the release of inflammatory cytokines, etc. in MCAO rats. Furthermore, HGWD decreased the levels of HIF-1A, VEGFA, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, p-MAPK1, and p-c-Jun while increasing the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT1, and Bcl-2. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study initially elucidated the mechanism of HGWD anti-IS, which contributed to the further promotion and secondary development of HGWD in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Liao
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minchun Wang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinyan Du
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anyu Su
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lanying Zhong
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi Xie
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyu Gong
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhui Liang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zai Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Liu S, Wu Q, Wang S, He Y. Causal associations between circulation β-carotene and cardiovascular disease: A Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36432. [PMID: 38050227 PMCID: PMC10695590 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The causal association between circulating β-carotene concentrations and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. We conducted a Mendelian randomization study to explore the effects of β-carotene on various cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and stroke. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the β-carotene levels were obtained by searching published data and used as instrumental variables. Genetic association estimates for 4 CVDs (including myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and stroke) in the primary analysis, blood pressure and serum lipids (high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides) in the secondary analysis were obtained from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs). We applied inverse variance-weighted as the primary analysis method, and 3 others were used to verify as sensitivity analysis. Genetically predicted circulating β-carotene levels (natural log-transformed, µg/L) were positively associated with myocardial infarction (odds ratio [OR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.18, P = .011) after Bonferroni correction. No evidence supported the causal effect of β-carotene on atrial fibrillation (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.96-1.09, P = .464), heart failure (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.97-1.19, P = .187), stroke (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.93-1.15, P = .540), blood pressure (P > .372) and serum lipids (P > .239). Sensitivity analysis produced consistent results. This study provides evidence for a causal relationship between circulating β-carotene and myocardial infarction. These findings have important implications for understanding the role of β-carotene in CVD and may inform dietary recommendations and intervention strategies for preventing myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyan Liu
- Nursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoyu Wu
- Nursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shangshang Wang
- Nursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- Nursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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59
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Jiang C, Zhou Y, Chen R, Yang M, Zhou H, Tang Z, Shi H, Qin D. Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Ischemic Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2669. [PMID: 38140010 PMCID: PMC10748360 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the world. At present, reperfusion therapy and neuroprotective therapy, as guidelines for identifying effective and adjuvant treatment methods, are limited by treatment time windows, drug bioavailability, and side effects. Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems have the characteristics of extending half-life, increasing bioavailability, targeting drug delivery, controllable drug release, and low toxicity, thus being used in the treatment of ischemic stroke to increase the therapeutic effects of drugs. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems from nanocarriers, targeting ligands and stimulus factors of drug release, aiming to find the best combination of nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems for ischemic stroke. Finally, future research areas on nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems in ischemic stroke and the implications of the current knowledge for the development of novel treatment for ischemic stroke were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengting Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China;
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Mengjia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Haimei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhengxiu Tang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Hongling Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
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Wang H, Zhao M, Liu J, Liu L, Liu H, Ding N, Wen J, Wang S, Ge N, Zhang X. H 2O 2 enhances the spontaneous phasic contractions of isolated human-bladder strips via activation of TRPA1 channels on sensory nerves and the release of substance P and PGE2. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:1-8. [PMID: 37802373 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to detrusor overactivity (DO), but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Hydrogen dioxide (H2O2) is used commonly to investigate the effects of ROS. In present study, we investigated the effects of H2O2 on phasic spontaneous bladder contractions (SBCs) of isolated human-bladder strips (iHBSs) and the underlying mechanisms. Samples of bladder tissue were obtained from 26 patients undergoing cystectomy owing to bladder cancer. SBCs of iHBSs were recorded in organ-bath experiments. H2O2 (1μM-10mM) concentration-dependently increased the SBCs of iHBSs. These enhancing effects could be mimicked by an agonist of transient receptor potential (TRP)A1 channels (allyl isothiocyanate) and blocked with an antagonist of TRPA1 channels (HC030031; 10 μM). H2O2 induced enhancing effects also could be attenuated by desensitizing sensory afferents with capsaicin (10 μM), blocking nerve firing with TTX (1 μM), blocking neurokinin effects with NK2 receptor antagonist (SR48968, 10 μM), and blocking PGE2 synthesis with indomethacin (10 μM), respectively. Our study: (i) suggests activation of TRPA1 channels on bladder sensory afferents, and then release of substance P or PGE2 from sensory nerve terminals, contribute to the H2O2-induced enhancing effects on SBCs of iHBSs; (ii) provides insights for the mechanisms underlying ROS leading to DO; (iii) indicates that targeting TRPA1 channels might be the promising strategy against overactive bladder in conditions associated with excessive production of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hanwen Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiliang Wen
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaoyong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Ge
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiulin Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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61
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Bakker L, Ramakers IHGB, J P M Eussen S, Choe K, van den Hove DLA, Kenis G, Rutten BPF, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Staals J, Ulvik A, Ueland PM, Verhey FRJ, Köhler S. The role of the kynurenine pathway in cognitive functioning after stroke: A prospective clinical study. J Neurol Sci 2023; 454:120819. [PMID: 37852105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kynurenine pathway is the main metabolic pathway of tryptophan degradation and has been associated with stroke and impaired cognitive functioning, but studies on its role in post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) are scarce. We aimed to investigate associations between metabolites of the kynurenine pathway at baseline and post-stroke cognitive functioning over time. METHODS Baseline plasma kynurenines were quantified in 198 stroke patients aged 65.4 ± 10.8 years, 138 (69.7%) men, who were followed up over a period of three years after stroke. Baseline and longitudinal associations of kynurenines with PSCI and cognitive domain scores were investigated using linear mixed models, adjusted for several confounders. RESULTS No evidence of associations between kynurenines and odds of PSCI were found. However, considering individual cognitive domains, higher plasma levels of anthranilic acid (AA) were associated with better episodic memory at baseline (β per SD 0.16 [0.05, 0.28]). Additionally, a linear-quadratic association was found for the kynurenic acid/ quinolinic acid ratio (KA/QA), a neuroprotective index, with episodic memory (Wald χ2 = 8.27, p = .016). Higher levels of KA were associated with better processing speed in women only (pinteraction = .008; β per SD 0.15 [95% CI 0.02, 0.27]). These associations did not change over time. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of KA, AA and KA/QA were associated with better scores on some cognitive domains at baseline. These associations did not change over time. Given the exploratory nature and heterogeneity of findings, these results should be interpreted with caution, and verified in other prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Bakker
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Inez H G B Ramakers
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, 6229 HA Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Kyonghwan Choe
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Daniel L A van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Gunter Kenis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Robert J van Oostenbrugge
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Julie Staals
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | - Frans R J Verhey
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Qu Y, Liu Y, Zhang H. ALDH2 activation attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced cell apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3203-3216. [PMID: 37103763 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is previously reported that aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member (ALDH2) shows neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, whether the protective effects are through mediating the programmed cell death is yet to be fully elucidated. METHODS In vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was established in HT22 cells and mouse cortical neurons. Subsequently, ALDH2 expression were assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot. The methylation status was examined by methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR). Then, ALDH2 expression was promoted and suppressed to explore the role of ALDH2 in OGD/R-treated cells. CCK-8 assay was applied to detect cell viability, and flow cytometry was applied to evaluate cell apoptosis. Western blot was applied to detect the apoptosis-related proteins (Caspase 3, Bcl-2 and Bax), necroptosis-related proteins (RIP3 and MLKL), pyroptosis-related proteins (NLRP3 and GSDMD), ferroptosis-related protein (ACSL4 and GPX4), and autophagy-related proteins (LC3B, and p62). IL-1β and IL-18 production was evaluated by ELISA assay. Reactive oxygen species production and Fe2+ content were evaluated by the corresponding detection kit. RESULTS In OGD/R-treated cells, ALDH2 expression was decreased, which was due to the hypermethylation of ALDH2 in the promoter region. ALDH2 overexpression improved cell viability and ALDH2 knockdown suppressed cell viability in OGD/R-treated cells. We also found that ALDH2 overexpression attenuated OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy, while ALDH2 knockdown facilitated the OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results implied that ALDH2 attenuated OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy to promote cell viability in HT22 cells and mouse cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Qu
- Department of Emergency, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Emergency, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Huilong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, No. 20 Yudong Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China.
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Błaż M, Natorska J, Bembenek JP, Członkowska A, Ząbczyk M, Polak M, Undas A. Protein Carbonylation Contributes to Prothrombotic Fibrin Clot Phenotype in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Clinical Associations. Stroke 2023; 54:2804-2813. [PMID: 37795592 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.043628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with enhanced oxidative stress and unfavorably altered fibrin clot properties. We investigated determinants of plasma protein carbonylation (PC) in AIS, its impact on the prothrombotic state, and prognostic value during follow-up. METHODS We included 98 consecutive AIS patients aged 74±12 years (male:female ratio, 50:48 [51%:49%]) at the Neurology Center in Warsaw, Poland, between January and December 2014. As many as 74 (75.5%) patients underwent thrombolysis, and 24 were unsuitable for thrombolysis. We determined plasma PC, along with thrombin generation, fibrin clot permeability, and clot lysis time on admission, at 24 hours, and 3 months. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and stroke outcome with the modified Rankin Scale. Hemorrhagic transformation was assessed on the computed tomography scan within 48 hours from the symptom onset, while stroke-related mortality was evaluated at 3 months. RESULTS On admission, PC levels (median, 4.61 [3.81-5.70] nM/mg protein) were associated with the time since symptom onset (r=0.41; P<0.0001) and with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (P=0.36; P=0.0003). Higher PC levels on admission correlated with denser fibrin clot formation and prolonged clot lysis time but not with thrombin generation. In thrombolysed patients, lower PC levels were observed after 24 hours (-34%) and at 3 months (-23%; both P<0.001). PC levels at baseline and after 24 hours predicted the modified Rankin Scale score >2 at 3 months (OR, 1.90 [95% CI, 1.21-3.00]; OR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.39-3.44], respectively). Higher PC at baseline predicted hemorrhagic transformation of stroke (OR, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.02-3.74]) and stroke-related mortality (OR, 2.02 [95% CI, 1.08-3.79]), while higher PC at 24 hours predicted solely stroke-related mortality (OR, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.28-3.46]). CONCLUSIONS Elevated plasma PC levels in patients with AIS, related to prothrombotic fibrin clot properties, are associated with stroke severity. Thrombolysis reduces the extent of PC. The current study suggests a prognostic value of PC in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Błaż
- Department of Neurology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland (M.B.)., Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Natorska
- Department of Thromboembolic Diseases, Institute of Cardiology (J.N., M.Z., A.U.), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan P Bembenek
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (J.P.B.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Członkowska
- 2nd Department of Neurology (A.C.), Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ząbczyk
- Department of Thromboembolic Diseases, Institute of Cardiology (J.N., M.Z., A.U.), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Polak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health (M.P.), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Thromboembolic Diseases, Institute of Cardiology (J.N., M.Z., A.U.), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Feng S, Yang M, Liu S, He Y, Deng S, Gong Y. Oxidative stress as a bridge between age and stroke: A narrative review. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2023; 3:313-319. [PMID: 38028635 PMCID: PMC10658045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the third most common cause of death globally and a leading cause of disability. The cellular and molecular changes following stroke and causes of neuronal death are not fully understood, and there are few effective treatments currently available. A rapid increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) post stroke can overwhelm antioxidant defenses and trigger a series of pathophysiologic events including the inflammatory response, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, apoptosis, and autophagy, ultimately leading to neuron degeneration and apoptosis. It is thought that beyond a certain age, the ROS accumulation resulting from stroke increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. In the present review, we summarize the role of oxidative stress (OS) as a link between aging and stroke pathogenesis. We also discuss how antioxidants can play a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of stroke by eliminating harmful ROS, delaying aging, and alleviating damage to neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Miaoxian Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shengpeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020,China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shuixiang Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Chen ZG, Shi X, Zhang XX, Yang FF, Li KR, Fang Q, Cao C, Chen XH, Peng Y. Neuron-secreted NLGN3 ameliorates ischemic brain injury via activating Gαi1/3-Akt signaling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:700. [PMID: 37880221 PMCID: PMC10600254 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We here tested the potential activity and the underlying mechanisms of neuroligin-3 (NLGN3) against ischemia-reperfusion-induced neuronal cell injury. In SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary murine cortical neurons, NLGN3 activated Akt-mTOR and Erk signalings, and inhibited oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-induced cytotoxicity. Akt activation was required for NLGN3-induced neuroprotection. Gαi1/3 mediated NLGN3-induced downstream signaling activation. NLGN3-induced Akt-S6K1 activation was largely inhibited by Gαi1/3 silencing or knockout. Significantly, NLGN3-induced neuroprotection against OGD/R was almost abolished by Gαi1/3 silencing or knockout. In vivo, the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) procedure induced NLGN3 cleavage and secretion, and increased its expression and Akt activation in mouse brain tissues. ADAM10 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10) inhibition blocked MCAO-induced NLGN3 cleavage and secretion, exacerbating ischemic brain injury in mice. Neuronal silencing of NLGN3 or Gαi1/3 in mice also inhibited Akt activation and intensified MCAO-induced ischemic brain injury. Conversely, neuronal overexpression of NLGN3 increased Akt activation and alleviated MCAO-induced ischemic brain injury. Together, NLGN3 activates Gαi1/3-Akt signaling to protect neuronal cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xian-Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital 6 of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Fang-Fang Yang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ke-Ran Li
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Cong Cao
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Xiong-Hui Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Ya Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
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Eom SH, Hong GL, Kang HB, Lee NS, Kim DK, Jeong YG, Kim CS, Yoo YC, Lee BH, Jung JY, Kim DS, Han SY. Neuroprotective Effects of Water Extract from Brown Algae Petalonia binghamiae in an Experimental Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia In Vitro and In Vivo. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8427-8443. [PMID: 37886974 PMCID: PMC10605114 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal cerebral ischemia (fCI) can result in brain injury and sensorimotor deficits. Brown algae are currently garnering scientific attention as potential therapeutic candidates for fCI. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of the hot water extract of Petalonia binghamiae (wPB), a brown alga, in in vitro and in vivo models of fCI. The neuroprotective efficacy of wPB was evaluated in an in vitro excitotoxicity model established using HT-22 cells challenged with glutamate. Afterward, C57/BL6 mice were administered wPB for 7 days (10 or 100 mg/kg, intragastric) and subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) operation, which was used as an in vivo fCI model. wPB co-incubation significantly inhibited cell death, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, as well as stimulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an antioxidant enzyme, and the nuclear translocation of its upstream regulator, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in HT-22 cells challenged with glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Pretreatment with either dose of wPB significantly attenuated infarction volume, neuronal death, and sensorimotor deficits in an in vivo fCI model. Furthermore, the attenuation of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the ischemic lesion accompanied the wPB-associated protection. This study suggests that wPB can counteract fCI via an antioxidative effect, upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ho Eom
- Healinnols Inc., Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.H.E.); (H.B.K.)
| | - Geum-Lan Hong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea (N.-S.L.); (D.K.K.); (Y.G.J.)
| | - Hyun Bae Kang
- Healinnols Inc., Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.H.E.); (H.B.K.)
| | - Nam-Seob Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea (N.-S.L.); (D.K.K.); (Y.G.J.)
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea (N.-S.L.); (D.K.K.); (Y.G.J.)
| | - Young Gil Jeong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea (N.-S.L.); (D.K.K.); (Y.G.J.)
| | - Chun-Sung Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yung Choon Yoo
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bong Ho Lee
- Department of Chemical Technology, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ju-Young Jung
- Department of Histology & Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sub Kim
- Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Gwangju 61473, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seung Yun Han
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea (N.-S.L.); (D.K.K.); (Y.G.J.)
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Wang K, Mao W, Song X, Chen M, Feng W, Peng B, Chen Y. Reactive X (where X = O, N, S, C, Cl, Br, and I) species nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6957-7035. [PMID: 37743750 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, carbonyl, chlorine, bromine, and iodine species (RXS, where X = O, N, S, C, Cl, Br, and I) have important roles in various normal physiological processes and act as essential regulators of cell metabolism; their inherent biological activities govern cell signaling, immune balance, and tissue homeostasis. However, an imbalance between RXS production and consumption will induce the occurrence and development of various diseases. Due to the considerable progress of nanomedicine, a variety of nanosystems that can regulate RXS has been rationally designed and engineered for restoring RXS balance to halt the pathological processes of different diseases. The invention of radical-regulating nanomaterials creates the possibility of intriguing projects for disease treatment and promotes advances in nanomedicine. In this comprehensive review, we summarize, discuss, and highlight very-recent advances in RXS-based nanomedicine for versatile disease treatments. This review particularly focuses on the types and pathological effects of these reactive species and explores the biological effects of RXS-based nanomaterials, accompanied by a discussion and the outlook of the challenges faced and future clinical translations of RXS nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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Xie X, Wang F, Ge W, Meng X, Fan L, Zhang W, Wang Z, Ding M, Gu S, Xing X, Sun X. Scutellarin attenuates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2 signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:175979. [PMID: 37611841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) seriously threatens human life and health. Scutellarin (Scu) exhibits neuroprotective effects, but little is known about its underlying mechanism. Therefore, we explored its protective effect on CIRI and the underlying mechanism. Our results demonstrated that Scu rescued HT22 cells from cytotoxicity induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Scu also showed antioxidant activity by promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation, upregulating heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vitro. Additionally, Scu reduced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity and the levels of pro-inflammatory factors. Interestingly, these effects were abolished by Nrf2 inhibition. Furthermore, Scu reduced infarct volume and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, improved sensorimotor functions and depressive behaviors, and alleviated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). Mechanistically, Scu-induced Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and inactivation of NF-κB were accompanied by an enhanced level of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) both in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacologically inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway blocked Scu-induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inactivation of NF-κB, as well as its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In summary, these results suggest that Scu exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects in CIRI through Nrf2 activation mediated by the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueheng Xie
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenxiu Ge
- Research Center on Life Sciences and Environmental Sciences, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
| | - Xiangbao Meng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lijuan Fan
- Kunming Longjin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kunming, 650503, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Kunming Longjin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kunming, 650503, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Shengliang Gu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xing
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Liu TT, Shi X, Hu HW, Chen JP, Jiang Q, Zhen YF, Cao C, Liu XW, Liu JG. Endothelial cell-derived RSPO3 activates Gαi1/3-Erk signaling and protects neurons from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:654. [PMID: 37805583 PMCID: PMC10560285 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The current study explores the potential function and the underlying mechanisms of endothelial cell-derived R-spondin 3 (RSPO3) neuroprotection against ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal cell injury. In both neuronal cells (Neuro-2a) and primary murine cortical neurons, pretreatment with RSPO3 ameliorated oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-induced neuronal cell death and oxidative injury. In neurons RSPO3 activated the Akt, Erk and β-Catenin signaling cascade, but only Erk inhibitors reversed RSPO3-induced neuroprotection against OGD/R. In mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and neuronal cells, RSPO3-induced LGR4-Gab1-Gαi1/3 association was required for Erk activation, and either silencing or knockout of Gαi1 and Gαi3 abolished RSPO3-induced neuroprotection. In mice, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) increased RSPO3 expression and Erk activation in ischemic penumbra brain tissues. Endothelial knockdown or knockout of RSPO3 inhibited Erk activation in the ischemic penumbra brain tissues and increased MCAO-induced cerebral ischemic injury in mice. Conversely, endothelial overexpression of RSPO3 ameliorated MCAO-induced cerebral ischemic injury. We conclude that RSPO3 activates Gαi1/3-Erk signaling to protect neuronal cells from ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Tao Liu
- Shandong University, Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurology, Shouguang Hospital of T.C.M, Shouguang, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ju-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Changshu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changshu, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Fang Zhen
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Cong Cao
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Xue-Wu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jian-Gang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Salman M, Ismael S, Ishrat T. A modified murine photothrombotic stroke model: a minimally invasive and reproducible cortical and sub-cortical infarct volume and long-term deficits. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:2487-2497. [PMID: 37656197 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06696-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of devastating neurological disabilities and mortality worldwide. Despite extensive research for treatment approaches, there remains limited therapy in the stroke field. Therefore, more research is required for reproducibility to understand stroke pathology in pre-clinical studies. In the current modified method, mice were subjected to photothrombotic stroke (pt-MCA; proximal-middle cerebral artery was exposed with a 532 nm laser beam for 4 min) by retro-orbital injection of photosensitive dye, Rose Bengal (15 mg/kg) before the laser light exposure. Sensorimotor deficits were assessed by rotarod and catwalk test at 72 h following post-pt-MCAO, and brain samples were collected for infarct volume and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) assessments. Cognitive impairments were assessed by a novel objective recognition and Morris's water maze tests at the end of the follow-up. pt-MCAO animals significantly reduced body weight and impaired motor and cognitive functions. Furthermore, pt-MCAO animals showed apparent infarction, brain edema, and increased HT compared to the sham animals. Additionally, this method enables concurrent measurement of short-term and long-term neurological dysfunction with relatively larger cortical and sub-cortical infarct volume following pt-MCAO. With respect to the other models, this modified model offers enhanced reproducibility regarding infarct volume and cognitive/functional outcomes and avoids complications associated with critical surgeries and craniotomy. In conclusion, this modified model helps to understand stroke pathogenesis and minimize the animals' numbers which help to increase the scientific and statistical potential in pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Salman
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Bldg, Room-228, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Saifudeen Ismael
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Bldg, Room-228, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Bldg, Room-228, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Orellana-Urzúa S, Briones-Valdivieso C, Chichiarelli S, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Potential Role of Natural Antioxidants in Countering Reperfusion Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1760. [PMID: 37760064 PMCID: PMC10525378 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke and acute myocardial infarction are leading causes of mortality worldwide. The latter accounts for approximately 9 million deaths annually. In turn, ischemic stroke is a significant contributor to adult physical disability globally. While reperfusion is crucial for tissue recovery, it can paradoxically exacerbate damage through oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and cell death. Therefore, it is imperative to explore diverse approaches aimed at minimizing ischemia/reperfusion injury to enhance clinical outcomes. OS primarily arises from an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or decreased endogenous antioxidant potential. Natural antioxidant compounds can counteract the injury mechanisms linked to ROS. While promising preclinical results, based on monotherapies, account for protective effects against tissue injury by ROS, translating these models into human applications has yielded controversial evidence. However, since the wide spectrum of antioxidants having diverse chemical characteristics offers varied biological actions on cell signaling pathways, multitherapy has emerged as a valuable therapeutic resource. Moreover, the combination of antioxidants in multitherapy holds significant potential for synergistic effects. This study was designed with the aim of providing an updated overview of natural antioxidants suitable for preventing myocardial and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Orellana-Urzúa
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | | | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi-Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
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Li W, Shao C, Li C, Zhou H, Yu L, Yang J, Wan H, He Y. Metabolomics: A useful tool for ischemic stroke research. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:968-983. [PMID: 37842657 PMCID: PMC10568109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease. Despite years of studies, effective strategies for the diagnosis, management and treatment of stroke are still lacking in clinical practice. Metabolomics is a growing field in systems biology. It is starting to show promise in the identification of biomarkers and in the use of pharmacometabolomics to help patients with certain disorders choose their course of treatment. The development of metabolomics has enabled further and more biological applications. Particularly, metabolomics is increasingly being used to diagnose diseases, discover new drug targets, elucidate mechanisms, and monitor therapeutic outcomes and its potential effect on precision medicine. In this review, we reviewed some recent advances in the study of metabolomics as well as how metabolomics might be used to identify novel biomarkers and understand the mechanisms of IS. Then, the use of metabolomics approaches to investigate the molecular processes and active ingredients of Chinese herbal formulations with anti-IS capabilities is summarized. We finally summarized recent developments in single cell metabolomics for exploring the metabolic profiles of single cells. Although the field is relatively young, the development of single cell metabolomics promises to provide a powerful tool for unraveling the pathogenesis of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chongyu Shao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chang Li
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
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Archie SR, Sifat AE, Mara D, Ahn Y, Akter KA, Zhang Y, Cucullo L, Abbruscato TJ. Impact of in-utero electronic cigarette exposure on neonatal neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1227145. [PMID: 37693917 PMCID: PMC10484598 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1227145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the prevalence of the perception that electronic cigarettes (e-cig) are a safer alternative to tobacco smoke, growing concern about their potential toxic impact warrants adequate investigation focusing on special populations like maternal and pediatric groups. This study evaluated the consequences of maternal e-cig use on neonatal neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function in primary cultured neurons and postnatal day (PD) 7 and 90 brain. Methodology: Pregnant CD1 mice were exposed to e-cig vapor (2.4% nicotine) from gestational day 5 (E5) till PD7, and the primary neurons were isolated from pups at E16/17. Cellular total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide were measured in primary neurons using CM-H2DCFDA and Mitosox red, respectively. Mitochondrial function was assessed by Seahorse XF Cell Mitostress analysis. The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines was measured in primary neurons and PD7 and PD90 brains by RT-PCR and immunobead assay. Western blot analysis evaluated the expression of antioxidative markers (SOD-2, HO-1, NRF2, NQO1) and that of the proinflammatory modulator NF-κB. Results: Significantly higher level of total cellular ROS (p < 0.05) and mitochondrial superoxide (p < 0.01) was observed in prenatally e-cig-exposed primary neurons. We also observed significantly reduced antioxidative marker expression and increased proinflammatory modulator and cytokines expression in primary neurons and PD7 (p < 0.05) but not in PD90 postnatal brain. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that prenatal e-cig exposure induces postnatal neuroinflammation by promoting oxidative stress (OS), increasing cytokines' levels, and disrupting mitochondrial function. These damaging events can alter the fetal brain's immune functions, making such offspring more vulnerable to brain insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Rahman Archie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Ali Ehsan Sifat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - David Mara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Yeseul Ahn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Khondker Ayesha Akter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Foundation Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States
| | - Thomas J. Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
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But VM, Bulboacă AE, Rus V, Ilyés T, Gherman ML, Bolboacă SD. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of lavender oil in experimentally induced thrombosis. Thromb J 2023; 21:85. [PMID: 37559057 PMCID: PMC10410829 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00516-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lavender oil (LO) possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, sedative, cardio-protective, and antinociceptive properties. Thrombosis and inflammation are interplayed processes that interact and influence one another. Our research compared three routes of administration to assess the efficacy of pretreatment with LO on carrageenan-induced thrombosis in rat tail. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar-Bratislava white rats were randomly divided into five groups of ten rats each and pretreated 3 consecutive days prior the inducement of thrombosis to with one dose of LO (150 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)): per os by gavage (TLOPO group), intraperitoneal (TIPLO group) and subcutaneous (TSCLO group). We also have a control (C, received saline solution 0.9% and DMSO (vehicle) 1 ml intraperitoneal (i.p.)) group and a group with thrombosis (T group, received saline solution 0.9% plus vehicle 1 ml i.p.). Histopathological examinations were conducted together with measurements of the circulating levels of three oxidative stress markers, antioxidant effect (TAC and THIOL), and three proinflammatory cytokines (TNF- α, RANTES, and MCP-1). RESULTS When administered intraperitoneally, lavender oil has the best efficacy on circulating levels of oxidative stress parameters (MDA, NOx, TOS), one oxidative stress marker (THIOL), and all studied proinflammatory cytokines (p-values < 0.02). Moreover, TIPLO displayed the closest values for bleeding and clotting time to the C group, as well as the lowest length of the thrombus than the T, TPOLO, and TSCLO groups (p-values < 0.001). The TIPLO group has histological appearance comparable to the C group, with the exception of the presence of oedema. CONCLUSIONS Lavender oil pretreatment with intraperitoneal administration as three days, one-dose per day, showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy in experimentally induced thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriu Mihai But
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street, No. 6, Cluj-Napoca, 400349 Romania
| | - Adriana Elena Bulboacă
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Victor Babeş Street, No. 2-4, Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Romania
| | - Vasile Rus
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, 400374 Romania
| | - Tamás Ilyés
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street, No. 6, Cluj-Napoca, 400349 Romania
| | - Mădălina Luciana Gherman
- Experimental Center, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Romania
| | - Sorana D. Bolboacă
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street, No. 6, Cluj-Napoca, 400349 Romania
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Thongwong P, Wattanathorn J, Thukhammee W, Tiamkao S. The potential role of the novel orodispersible film from rice polymer loaded with silkworm pupae hydrolysate and the combined extract of holy basil and ginger for the management of stroke with stress. Biomaterials 2023; 299:122175. [PMID: 37262936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of stroke under stress conditions is rising and the severity of stroke is increasing. Owing to the limitation of the current therapeutic strategy, a novel effective strategy for treating this condition is needed. In this study, we explored the neuroprotective effect of an orodispersible film derived from a rice polymer loaded with silkworm pupae and the combined extract of holy basil and ginger (JP1). Male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were administered JP1 at the doses of 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg BW 45 min prior to an exposure to a 6-h immobilization stress for 14 days. Permanent, occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCAO) was performed, and JP1 was administered continually for 21 days after MCAO. Assessments of the brain infarction volume, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the cerebral cortex were carried out 24 h after MCAO. Neurological severity scores were also determined for the rats every 7 days after MCAO until the end of the study period. The results clearly showed that all doses of JP1 decreased the brain infarct volume, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and improved neurological deficits. Therefore, JP1 is a potential novel neuroprotective supplement for combating ischemic stroke under stress conditions. However, a clinical trial is essential to confirm this beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putthiwat Thongwong
- Department of Physiology and Graduate School (Neuroscience Program), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Jintanaporn Wattanathorn
- Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center in Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Wipawee Thukhammee
- Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center in Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Somsak Tiamkao
- Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center in Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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76
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Sun S, Li Z, Xiao Q, Tan S, Hu B, Jin H. An updated review on prediction and preventive treatment of post-stroke depression. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:721-739. [PMID: 37427452 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2234081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Post-stroke depression (PSD), one of the most common complications following stroke, affects approximately one-third of stroke patients and is significantly associated with increased disability and mortality as well as decreased quality of life, which makes it an important public health concern. Treatment of PSD significantly ameliorates depressive symptoms and improves the prognosis of stroke. AREAS COVERED The authors discuss the critical aspects of the clinical application of prediction and preventive treatment of PSD. Then, the authors update the biological factors associated with the onset of PSD. Furthermore, they summarize the recent progress in pharmacological preventive treatment in clinical trials and propose potential treatment targets. The authors also discuss the current roadblocks in the preventive treatment of PSD. Finally, the authors put postulate potential directions for future studies so as to discover accurate predictors and provide individualized preventive treatment. EXPERT OPINION Sorting out high-risk PSD patients using reliable predictors will greatly assist PSD management. Indeed, some predictors not only predict the incidence of PSD but also predict prognosis, which indicates that they might also aid the development of an individualized treatment scheme. Preventive application of antidepressants may also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Sun
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinghui Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Senwei Tan
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Bagheri S, Haddadi R, Saki S, Kourosh-Arami M, Rashno M, Mojaver A, Komaki A. Neuroprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 on neurological diseases: a review article. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1188839. [PMID: 37424991 PMCID: PMC10326389 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1188839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders affect the nervous system. Biochemical, structural, or electrical abnormalities in the spinal cord, brain, or other nerves lead to different symptoms, including muscle weakness, paralysis, poor coordination, seizures, loss of sensation, and pain. There are many recognized neurological diseases, like epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia 2 (ARCA2), Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), and spinocerebellar ataxia autosomal recessive 9 (SCAR9). Different agents, such as coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), exert neuroprotective effects against neuronal damage. Online databases, such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed/MEDLINE were systematically searched until December 2020 using keywords, including review, neurological disorders, and CoQ10. CoQ10 is endogenously produced in the body and also can be found in supplements or foods. CoQ10 has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and plays a role in energy production and mitochondria stabilization, which are mechanisms, by which CoQ10 exerts its neuroprotective effects. Thus, in this review, we discussed the association between CoQ10 and neurological diseases, including AD, depression, MS, epilepsy, PD, LHON, ARCA2, SCAR9, and stroke. In addition, new therapeutic targets were introduced for the next drug discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokufeh Bagheri
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rasool Haddadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sahar Saki
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Kourosh-Arami
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masome Rashno
- Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
| | - Ali Mojaver
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Alarabi AB, Mohsen A, Taleb ZB, Mizuguchi K, Alshbool FZ, Khasawneh FT. Predicting thrombotic cardiovascular outcomes induced by waterpipe-associated chemicals using comparative toxicogenomic database: Genes, phenotypes, and pathways. Life Sci 2023; 323:121694. [PMID: 37068705 PMCID: PMC10798163 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Hookah, or waterpipe, is a tobacco smoking device that has gained popularity in the United States. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that waterpipe smoke (WPS) is associated with various adverse effects on human health, including infectious diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly thrombotic events. However, the molecular mechanisms through which WPS contributes to disease development remain unclear. In this study, we utilized an analytical approach based on the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) to integrate chemical, gene, phenotype, and disease data to predict potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of WPS, based on its chemical and toxicant profile. Our analysis revealed that CVDs were among the top disease categories with regard to the number of curated interactions with WPS chemicals. We identified 5674 genes common between those modulated by WPS chemicals and traditional tobacco smoking. The CVDs with the most curated interactions with WPS chemicals were hypertension, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction, whereas "particulate matter", "heavy metals", and "nicotine" showed the highest number of curated interactions with CVDs. Our analysis predicted that the potential mechanisms underlying WPS-induced thrombotic diseases involve common phenotypes, such as inflammation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation, which are shared across all thrombotic diseases and the three aforementioned chemicals. In terms of enriched signaling pathways, we identified several, including chemokine and MAPK signaling, with particulate matter exhibiting the most statistically significant association with all 12 significant signaling pathways related to WPS chemicals. Collectively, our predictive comprehensive analysis provides evidence that WPS negatively impacts health and offers insights into the potential mechanisms through which it exerts these effects. This information should guide further research to explore and better understand the WPS and other tobacco product-related health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed B Alarabi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA.
| | - Attayab Mohsen
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research (ArCHER), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Ziyad Ben Taleb
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research (ArCHER), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0081, Japan
| | - Fatima Z Alshbool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA.
| | - Fadi T Khasawneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA.
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79
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Kang JB, Koh PO. Retinoic Acid Has Neuroprotective effects by Modulating Thioredoxin in Ischemic Brain Damage and Glutamate-exposed Neurons. Neuroscience 2023; 521:166-181. [PMID: 37149281 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a neurological disorder that causes pathological changes by increasing oxidative stress. Retinoic acid is one of the metabolites of vitamin A. It regulates oxidative stress and exerts neuroprotective effects. Thioredoxin is a small redox protein with antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether retinoic acid modulates the expression of thioredoxin in ischemic brain injury. Cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery and retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered to adult male rats for four days prior to surgery. MCAO induced neurological deficits and increased oxidative stress and retinoic acid attenuated these changes. Retinoic acid ameliorated the MCAO-induced decrease in thioredoxin expression. MCAO decreases the interaction between thioredoxin and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), and retinoic acid treatment alleviates this decrease. Glutamate (5 mM) exposure induced cell death and decreased thioredoxin expression in cultured neurons. Retinoic acid treatment attenuated these changes in a dose-dependent manner. Retinoic acid prevented the decrease of bcl-2 expression and the increase of bax expression caused by glutamate exposure. Moreover, retinoic acid attenuated the increases in caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and cytochrome c in glutamate-exposed neurons. However, the mitigation effects of retinoic acid were lower in thioredoxin siRNA-transfected neurons than in non-transfected neurons. These results demonstrate that retinoic acid regulates oxidative stress and thioredoxin expression, maintains the interaction between thioredoxin and ASK1, and modulates apoptosis-associated proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that retinoic acid has neuroprotective effects by regulating thioredoxin expression and modulating apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, South Korea.
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80
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Chen B, Jin W. A comprehensive review of stroke-related signaling pathways and treatment in western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1200061. [PMID: 37351420 PMCID: PMC10282194 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides insight into the complex network of signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in stroke pathophysiology. It summarizes the historical progress of stroke-related signaling pathways, identifying potential interactions between them and emphasizing that stroke is a complex network disease. Of particular interest are the Hippo signaling pathway and ferroptosis signaling pathway, which remain understudied areas of research, and are therefore a focus of the review. The involvement of multiple signaling pathways, including Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and AMPK in pathophysiological mechanisms such as oxidative stress and apoptosis, highlights the complexity of stroke. The review also delves into the details of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies such as Rehmanniae and Astragalus, providing an analysis of the recent status of western medicine in the treatment of stroke and the advantages and disadvantages of TCM and western medicine in stroke treatment. The review proposes that since stroke is a network disease, TCM has the potential and advantages of a multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism of action in the treatment of stroke. Therefore, it is suggested that future research should explore more treasures of TCM and develop new therapies from the perspective of stroke as a network disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhao Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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81
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Zeng Y, Xu Y, Pan Y, Guo H. KLF10 knockdown negatively regulates CTRP3 to improve OGD/R-induced brain microvascular endothelial cell injury and barrier dysfunction through Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102106. [PMID: 37210762 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke seriously endangers human health and even death. This study aimed to investigate the role of KLF10/CTRP3 in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced brain microvascular endothelial cells injury, as well as the regulatory effects of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. OGD/R-induced human microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs) were used to simulate the model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The expression of KLF10/CTRP3 in OGD/R-induced hBMECs as well as the transfection efficiency were all detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. The interaction of KLF10 and CTRP3 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The viability, apoptosis and endothelial permeability of OGD/R-induced hBMECs was detected by CCK-8, TUNEL and FITC-Dextran assay kit. The capacity of cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay. The expression of apoptosis related proteins, oxidative stress levels and tight junction proteins was also detected. As a result, the expression of KLF10 was increased in OGD/R-induced hBMECs and downregulation of KLF10 could promote the viability, migration and suppress the apoptosis, oxidative stress and endothelial permeability by downregulating the expression of caspase 3, Bax, cleaved PARP, ROS, MDA, and upregulating the expression of Bcl-2, SOD, GSH-Px, ZO-1, occludin, claudin-5. Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway was inhibited in OGD/R-induced hBMECs, which was activated by downregulation of KLF10. KLF10 was demonstrated to be combined with CTRP3 and KLF10 inhibited transcription of CTRP3 in hBMECs. The above changes affected by downregulation of KLF10 could be reversed by the interference with CTRP3. In conclusion, KLF10 knockdown improved OGD/R-induced brain microvascular endothelial cell injury and barrier dysfunction through the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, which was weakened by the downregulation of CTRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youchao Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 56300, Guizhou, China.
| | - Yongsu Xu
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 56300, Guizhou, China
| | - Yongjie Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 56300, Guizhou, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 56300, Guizhou, China
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82
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Jia QY, Chen HL, Qi Z, Zhang XLN, Zheng LY, Liu TT, Yuan Y, Yang L, Wu CY. Network pharmacology to explore the mechanism of scutellarin in the treatment of brain ischaemia and experimental verification of JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7557. [PMID: 37160937 PMCID: PMC10169761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Scutellarin is used to treat brain ischaemia. However, its underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanism of action of scutellarin in brain ischaemia through network pharmacology and experimental verification. The JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway was identified and experimentally verified. Expression of JAK2/STAT3 signalling related proteins in TNC-1 astrocytes with BV-2 microglia-conditioned medium (CM), CM + lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (CM + L), and CM pretreated with scutellarin + LPS (CM + SL) was analysed by Western Blot and immunofluorescence staining. Expression levels of JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3, and p-STAT3 were evaluated in astrocytes pre-treated with AG490. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats was performed in different experimental groups to detect expression of the above biomarkers. Network pharmacology suggested that the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway is one of the mechanisms by which scutellarin mitigates cerebral ischaemic damage. In TNC-1 astrocytes, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 expression were significantly up-regulated in the CM + L group. Scutellarin promoted the up-regulation of various markers and AG490 neutralised the effect of scutellarin. In vivo, up-regulation of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 after ischaemia is known. These results are consistent with previous reports. Scutellarin further enhanced this upregulation at 1, 3, and 7 d after MCAO. Scutellarin exerts its therapeutic effects on cerebral ischaemia by activating the astrocyte JAK2/STAT3 signalling, which provides a firm experimental basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ye Jia
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Lun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li-Na Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yang Zheng
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng-Teng Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chun-Yun Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
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83
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Rakkar K, Othman OA, Sprigg N, Bath PM, Bayraktutan U. Evaluation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Characteristics as Clinical Biomarkers for Elderly Patients with Ischaemic Stroke. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10544-y. [PMID: 37129729 PMCID: PMC10390388 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ageing impairs endothelial function and predisposes the person to ischaemic stroke (IS). Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) repair endothelial damage and induce post-ischaemic neovascularisation. Given the prevalence of IS in older population, this study explored whether changes in EPC number and function may reliably predict the type or outcome of stroke in patients ≥ 65 years of age. For this, blood samples were collected once from healthy volunteers (HVs, n = 40) and four times (admission and days 7, 30 and 90 post-stroke) from participants with lacunar (n = 38) or cortical (n = 43) stroke. EPCs were counted with flow cytometry and defined as non-haematopoietic cells (CD45-) expressing markers for stemness (CD34 +), immaturity (CD133 +) and endothelial maturity (KDR +). Clonogenesis, tubulogenesis, migration and proliferation assays were performed as measures of EPC functionality. Biochemical profile of plasma inflammatory and angiogenic agents were studied using specific ELISAs. Primary outcome was disability or dependence on day 90 post-stroke, assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Compared to HVs, EPC numbers were higher in stroke patients at all time points studied, reaching significance at baseline and day 30. No differences in EPC counts and functionality were observed between lacunar and cortical stroke groups at any time. Plasma endostatin, PDGF-BB, TNF-α and VEGF levels were higher in stroke patients vs HVs. Patient outcome, evaluated by mRS on day 90 post-stroke, did not correlate with EPC count or functionality. Baseline EPC counts may serve as a diagnostic marker for stroke but fail to distinguish between different stroke subtypes and predict post-stroke outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamini Rakkar
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Sciences Building, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Othman Ahmad Othman
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Sciences Building, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Nikola Sprigg
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Sciences Building, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Philip M Bath
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Sciences Building, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Ulvi Bayraktutan
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Sciences Building, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
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84
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Liu X, Geng X, Shi Y, Liang J, Zhao L. Biomimetic oxygen-boosted hybrid membrane nanovesicles as the treatment strategy for ischemic stroke with the concept of the neurovascular unit. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213379. [PMID: 36934713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease has revealed that ischemic stroke often leads to deprivation of oxygen, blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and enhanced inflammatory activation, eventually causing severe brain tissue damage. Herein, we prepared hybrid membrane nanovesicles (YC-1@[RBC-PL] NVs) composed of red blood cell (RBC) membrane and platelet (PL) membrane encapsulating hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) inhibitor YC-1 for contributing to the protection of the neurovascular unit (NVU) in ischemic stroke. YC-1@[RBC-PL] NVs targeted the ischemic brain by the thrombus targeting properties of PL membrane and relieved the hypoxia inside ischemic brain in the presence of YC-1 and catalase in YC-1@[RBC-PL] NVs. Finally, YC-1@[RBC-PL] NVs attenuated ischemic injury to NVU by reducing infarct volume, preserving BBB integrity, and blocking activation of astrocyte and microglia in a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Xinrong Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Yijie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
| | - Jia Liang
- Life Science Institution, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
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85
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Zhou H, He Y, Xiong W, Jing S, Duan X, Huang Z, Nahal GS, Peng Y, Li M, Zhu Y, Ye Q. MSC based gene delivery methods and strategies improve the therapeutic efficacy of neurological diseases. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:409-437. [PMCID: PMC9713256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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86
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Mu C, Wang Y, Han C, Song H, Wu Q, Yang J, Guo N, Ma Y, Zhang C, Zhang J, Liu X. Crosstalk between oxidative stress and neutrophil response in early ischemic stroke: a comprehensive transcriptome analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1134956. [PMID: 37180174 PMCID: PMC10169595 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic stroke (IS) is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, continuing to be a serious health concern. It is well known that oxidative stress and neutrophil response play vital roles in the pathophysiology of early IS. However, the complex interactions and critical genes associated with them have not been fully understood. Methods Two datasets (GSE37587 and GSE16561) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were extracted and integrated as the discovery dataset. Subsequent GSVA and WGCNA approaches were used to investigate IS-specific oxidative stress-related genes (ISOSGS). Then, we explored IS-specific neutrophil-associated genes (ISNGS) using CIBERSORT analysis. Next, the protein-protein interaction network was established to ascertain candidate critical genes related with oxidative stress and neutrophil response. Furthermore, these candidate genes were validated using GSE58294 dataset and our clinical samples by RT-qPCR method. Finally, functional annotation, diagnostic capability evaluation and drug-gene interactions were performed by using GSEA analysis, ROC curves and DGIDB database. Result In our analysis of discovery dataset, 155 genes were determined as ISOSGS and 559 genes were defined as ISNGS. Afterward, 9 candidate genes were identified through the intersection of ISOSGS and ISNGS, PPI network construction, and filtration by degree algorithm. Then, six real critical genes, including STAT3, MMP9, AQP9, SELL, FPR1, and IRAK3, passed the validation using the GSE58294 dataset and our clinical samples. Further functional annotation analysis indicated these critical genes were associated with neutrophil response, especially neutrophil extracellular trap. Meanwhile, they had a good diagnostic performance. Lastly, 53 potential drugs targeting these genes were predicted by DGIDB database. Conclusion We identified 6 critical genes, STAT3, FPR1, AQP9, SELL, MMP9 and IRAK3, related to oxidative stress and neutrophil response in early IS, which may provide new insights into understanding the pathophysiological mechanism of IS. We hope our analysis could help develop novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Mu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanzhi Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Han
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Junyi Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yumei Ma
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chenguang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Kosonen R, Chang JY, Lee S, Kim J, Kim JY, Lee JE. APP96-110 Elicits Neuroprotective Effects Following Ischemic Insult in Animal Models. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03928-6. [PMID: 37069416 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Competitive amyloidogenic pathways play an important role in many neurological diseases such as the onset of various degenerative diseases and ischemic stroke. Overexpression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid-beta is modulated via the amyloidogenic pathway, which plays a crucial role in neuroinflammation. During ischemic conditions, the activity of the anti-inflammatory non-amyloidogenic pathway decreases, thus increasing the activity of amyloidogenic pathway. The soluble alpha form of APP (sAPPα), formed via the non-amyloidogenic pathway, exhibits neuroprotective effects against neurological diseases. sAPPα is thought to have a modulatory effect on several cell survival pathways, including its ability to inhibit the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) pathway, thereby inhibiting the inflammatory response. The APP derivative, APP96-110, could act as a functional substitute for native sAPPα. Herein, we investigated whether APP96-110 has neuroprotective effects against neuroinflammation and damage following cerebral ischemic stroke. Treatment with diluted APP96-110 (0.005 mg/kg) in mice after 30 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) showed improved motor function and reduced expression of the inflammatory marker CD86. APP96-110 decreased the infarct size and induced an anti-inflammatory response by inhibiting the PI3K pathway. These results suggest that the treatment of APP96-110 is efficacious in reducing neuroinflammation and infarct size in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Kosonen
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Chang
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Seowoo Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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88
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Chen H, Liu Y, Feng J, Wang H, Yang Y, Ai Q, Zhang Z, Chu S, Chen N. CZK, a novel alkaloid derivative from Clausena lansium, alleviates ischemic stroke injury through Nrf2-mediated antioxidant effects. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6053. [PMID: 37055457 PMCID: PMC10101984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32999-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-oxidant stress is a potential strategy for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Here, we found a novel free radical scavenger termed as CZK, which is derived from alkaloids contained in Clausena lansium. In this study, we first compared cytotoxicity and biological activity between CZK and its parent's compound Claulansine F. It was found that CZK had lower cytotoxicity and improved anti-oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury than its parent's compound. Free radical scavenging test showed that CZK had a strong inhibitory effect on hydroxyl free radicals with the IC50 of 77.08 nM. Intravenous injection of CZK (50 mg/kg) significantly alleviated ischemia-reperfusion injury, manifested by reduced neuronal damage and decreased oxidative stress. Consistent with the findings, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were increased. Molecular docking predicted that CZK might be combined with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) complex. Our results also confirmed that CZK upregulated the contents of Nrf2 and its target gene products Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H: Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). In conclusion, CZK had a potential therapeutic effect for ischemic stroke by activating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces & College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yangbo Liu
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces & College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Juling Feng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces & College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces & College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Qidi Ai
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces & College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces & College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China.
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89
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Qiao N, An Z, Fu Z, Chen X, Tong Q, Zhang Y, Ren H. Kinsenoside alleviates oxidative stress-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction via promoting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in ischemic stroke. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175717. [PMID: 37054938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
An ischemic stroke usually causes blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and excessive oxidative stress (OS) levels. Kinsenoside (KD), a major effective compound extracted in Chinese herbal medicine Anoectochilus roxburghii (Orchidaceae), has anti-OS effects. The present study focused on exploring KD's protection against OS-mediated cerebral endothelial cell damage and BBB damage within the mouse model. Intracerebroventricular administration of KD upon reperfusion after 1 h ischemia decreased infarct volumes, neurological deficit, brain edema, neuronal loss, and apoptosis 72 h post-ischemic stroke. KD improved BBB structure and function, as evidenced by a lower 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose pass rate of the BBB and upregulation of tight junction (TJ) proteins such as occludin, claudin-5, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). KD protected bEnd.3 endothelial cells from oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury in an in-vitro study. Meanwhile, OGD/R reduced transepithelial electronic resistance, whereas KD significantly increased TJ protein levels. Furthermore, based on in-vivo and in-vitro research, KD alleviated OS in endothelial cells, which is related to nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation as well as Nrf2/haem oxygenase 1 signaling protein stimulation. Our findings demonstrated that KD might serve as a potential compound for treating ischemic stroke involving antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohong An
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingyi Tong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hong Ren
- Biobank, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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90
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Boonpraman N, Yoon S, Kim CY, Moon JS, Yi SS. NOX4 as a critical effector mediating neuroinflammatory cytokines, myeloperoxidase and osteopontin, specifically in astrocytes in the hippocampus in Parkinson's disease. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102698. [PMID: 37058998 PMCID: PMC10123376 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increases with age and causes a redox imbalance, which contributes to the neurotoxicity of PD. Accumulating evidence suggests that NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived ROS, especially NOX4, belong to the NOX family and is one of the major isoforms expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), associated with the progression of PD. We have previously shown that NOX4 activation regulates ferroptosis via astrocytic mitochondrial dysfunction. We have previously shown that activation of NOX4 regulates ferroptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction in astrocytes. However, it remains unclear why an increase in NOX4 in neurodegenerative diseases leads to astrocyte cell death by certain mediators. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate how NOX4 in the hippocampus is involved in PD by comparing an MPTP-induced PD mouse model compared to human PD patients. We could detect that the hippocampus was dominantly associated with elevated levels of NOX4 and α-synuclein during PD and the neuroinflammatory cytokines, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and osteopontin (OPN), were upregulated particularly in astrocytes. Intriguingly, NOX4 suggested a direct intercorrelation with MPO and OPN in the hippocampus. Upregulation of MPO and OPN induces mitochondrial dysfunction by suppressing five protein complexes in the mitochondrial electron transport system (ETC) and increases the level of 4-HNE leading to ferroptosis in human astrocytes. Overall, our findings indicate that the elevation of NOX4 cooperated with the MPO and OPN inflammatory cytokines through mitochondrial aberration in hippocampal astrocytes during PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napissara Boonpraman
- Bk21 Four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Sunmi Yoon
- Bk21 Four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Chae Young Kim
- Bk21 Four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Shin Yi
- Bk21 Four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea.
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91
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Huang J, Chen L, Yao ZM, Sun XR, Tong XH, Dong SY. The role of mitochondrial dynamics in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114671. [PMID: 37037094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide. More than 80 % of strokes are ischemic, caused by an occlusion of cerebral arteries. Without question, restoration of blood supply as soon as possible is the first therapeutic strategy. Nonetheless paradoxically, reperfusion can further aggravate the injury through a series of reactions known as cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Mitochondria play a vital role in promoting nerve survival and neurological function recovery and mitochondrial dysfunction is considered one of the characteristics of CIRI. Neurons often die due to oxidative stress and an imbalance in energy metabolism following CIRI, and there is a strong association with mitochondrial dysfunction. Altered mitochondrial dynamics is the first reaction of mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial dynamics refers to the maintenance of the integrity, distribution, and size of mitochondria as well as their ability to resist external stimuli through a continuous cycle of mitochondrial fission and fusion. Therefore, improving mitochondrial dynamics is a vital means of treating CIRI. This review discusses the relationship between mitochondria and CIRI and emphasizes improving mitochondrial dynamics as a potential therapeutic approach to improve the prognosis of CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Zi-Meng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Xu-Hui Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Shu-Ying Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China; Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu, China.
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92
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Chavda V, Lu B. Reverse Electron Transport at Mitochondrial Complex I in Ischemic Stroke, Aging, and Age-Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040895. [PMID: 37107270 PMCID: PMC10135819 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A main cause of brain damage by stroke is ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and energy failure caused by changes in mitochondrial metabolism. Ischemia causes a build-up of succinate in tissues and changes in the mitochondrial NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) activity that promote reverse electron transfer (RET), in which a portion of the electrons derived from succinate are redirected from ubiquinol along complex I to reach the NADH dehydrogenase module of complex I, where matrix NAD+ is converted to NADH and excessive ROS is produced. RET has been shown to play a role in macrophage activation in response to bacterial infection, electron transport chain reorganization in response to changes in the energy supply, and carotid body adaptation to changes in the oxygen levels. In addition to stroke, deregulated RET and RET-generated ROS (RET-ROS) have been implicated in tissue damage during organ transplantation, whereas an RET-induced NAD+/NADH ratio decrease has been implicated in aging, age-related neurodegeneration, and cancer. In this review, we provide a historical account of the roles of ROS and oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, summarize the latest developments in our understanding of RET biology and RET-associated pathological conditions, and discuss new ways to target ischemic stroke, cancer, aging, and age-related neurodegenerative diseases by modulating RET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Chavda
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bingwei Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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93
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Huang H, Oo TT, Apaijai N, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. An Updated Review of Mitochondrial Transplantation as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy Against Cerebral Ischemia and Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1865-1883. [PMID: 36595193 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of the progress made in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, it remains a leading cause of adult disability and death. To date, the most effective treatment for ischemic stroke is the timely recanalization of the occluded artery. However, the short time window and reperfusion injury have greatly limited its application and efficacy. Mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP depletion have become regarded as being hallmarks of neuropathophysiology following ischemic stroke. Mitochondrial transplantation is a novel potential therapeutic intervention for ischemic stroke that has sparked widespread concern during the past few years. This review summarizes and discusses the effects of mitochondrial transplantation in in vitro and in vivo ischemic stroke models. In addition, pharmacological interventions promoting mitochondrial transplantation are reviewed and discussed. We also discuss the potential challenges to the clinical application of mitochondrial transplantation in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huatuo Huang
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Thura Tun Oo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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94
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Tao C, Wang Y, Xiao S. Clinical significance of CT angiographic assessment of collateral circulation combined with serum NLRP1 levels in ischemic stroke patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33433. [PMID: 37000063 PMCID: PMC10063313 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to combine serum NLR-pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1) levels and collateral circulation to assess ischemic stroke patients and predict the prognoses of the patients. This present prospective observational study enrolled 196 ischemic stroke patients. All patients underwent CTA as well as digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to assess collateral circulation by American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology (ASITN/SIR). In addition, we collected serum samples from 100 patients with carotid atherosclerosis as controls. The serum NLRP1, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The age, BMI, sex, smoke condition, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scores (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, imaging indicators and the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), low-density leptin cholesterol (LDLC), high-density leptin cholesterol of all subjects were recorded. All data used SPSS 18.0 to statistical analyses. The serum levels of NLRP1 were remarkably enhanced in the ischemic stroke patients compared with the carotid atherosclerosis patients. The NIHSS score, the mRS score after 90 days and the levels of NLRP1, CRP, TNF-α IL-6 and IL-1β of ischemic stroke patients in the ASITN/SIR grade 0 to 2 group were remarkably elevated than the ischemic stroke patients in ASITN/SIR grade 3 to 4 group. Spearman analysis supported that a positive correlation existed among the NLRP1, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels. The NIHSS score, infarct volume and the levels of NLRP1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β of ischemic stroke patients in the mRS score ≥ 3 group were remarkably elevated than the ischemic stroke patients in the mRS score ≤ 2 group. ASITN/SIR grade and NLRP1 could be potential diagnostic biomarkers of poor prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. It was found that NLRP1, ASITN/SIR grade, infarct volume, NIHSS, IL-6, and IL-1β were the risk factors for bad prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. This study showed that the serum NLRP1 levels were remarkably decreased in ischemic stroke patients. In addition, the serum NLRP1 levels and ASITN/SIR grade could predict the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Tao
- Department of Radiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Shiyin Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
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95
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Choudhary M, Chaudhari S, Gupta T, Kalyane D, Sirsat B, Kathar U, Sengupta P, Tekade RK. Stimuli-Responsive Nanotherapeutics for Treatment and Diagnosis of Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041036. [PMID: 37111522 PMCID: PMC10141724 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second most common medical emergency and constitutes a significant cause of global morbidity. The conventional stroke treatment strategies, including thrombolysis, antiplatelet therapy, endovascular thrombectomy, neuroprotection, neurogenesis, reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, hemostatic treatment, do not provide efficient relief to the patients due to lack of appropriate delivery systems, large doses, systemic toxicity. In this context, guiding the nanoparticles toward the ischemic tissues by making them stimuli-responsive can be a turning point in managing stroke. Hence, in this review, we first outline the basics of stroke, including its pathophysiology, factors affecting its development, current treatment therapies, and their limitations. Further, we have discussed stimuli-responsive nanotherapeutics used for diagnosing and treating stroke with challenges ahead for the safe use of nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Choudhary
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Sayali Chaudhari
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Tanisha Gupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kalyane
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhagwat Sirsat
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Umesh Kathar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh K Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
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96
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Zhang Z, Pang X, Wei Y, Chen H, Jin X, Lv Q. Neuroprotective effects of Chrysanthemum morifolium on cerebral ischemia- reperfusion injury contributes to the oxidative stress suppression and related Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Brain Inj 2023; 37:269-281. [PMID: 36567616 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2158225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke, the cause of death and disability worldwide, is closely related to oxidative stress damage. Chrysanthemum has profound antiantioxidant activity. We aimed to verify whether Chrysanthemum morifolium extract (CME) influences brain injury in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CR/RI) model. METHODS In vitro, rat hippocampal H19-7 neurons were pretreated with CME, CR/RI was simulated with oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The cell viability, apoptosis, lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, malonaldehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were detected. In vivo, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model rats were pre-administered with CME, and then behavioral test, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL), ROS immunofluorescence, MDA and SOD activity were tested. Furthermore, Keap1/Nrf2 signaling of CME in CI/RI was investigated. RESULTS In OGD/R induced in H19-7 cells, CME increased OGD/R-induced cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis, which was reversed by siNrf2 transfection . In MCAO rats, CME improved the neurological deficits and alleviated brain injury. However, co-treatment with MLK385 counteracted these neuroprotective effects of CME on MCAO rats. CONCLUSION CME could significantly reduce oxidative stress and nerve injury in vitro and in vivo models of CI/RI by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuyu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huai Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuhong Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingping Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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97
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Islam T, Rezanur Rahman M, Khan A, Ali Moni M. Integration of Mendelian randomisation and systems biology models to identify novel blood-based biomarkers for stroke. J Biomed Inform 2023; 141:104345. [PMID: 36958462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the second largest cause of mortality in the world. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified some genetic variants associated with stroke risk, but their putative functional causal genes are unknown. Hence, we aimed to identify putative functional causal gene biomarkers of stroke risk. We used a summary-based Mendelian randomisation (SMR) approach to identify the pleiotropic associations of genetically regulated traits (i.e., gene expression and DNA methylation) with stroke risk. Using SMR approach, we integrated cis-expression quantitative loci (cis-eQTLs) and cis-methylation quantitative loci (cis-mQTLs) data with GWAS summary statistics of stroke. We also utilised heterogeneity in dependent instruments (HEIDI) test to distinguish pleiotropy from linkage from the observed associations identified through SMR analysis. Our integrative SMR analyses and HEIDI test revealed 45 candidate biomarker genes (FDR < 0.05; PHEIDI>0.01) that were pleiotropically or potentially causally associated with stroke risk. Of those candidate biomarker genes, 10 genes (HTRA1, PMF1, FBN2, C9orf84, COL4A1, BAG4, NEK6, SH2B3, SH3PXD2A, ACAD10) were differentially expressed in genome-wide blood transcriptomics data from stroke and healthy individuals (FDR<0.05). Functional enrichment analysis of the identified candidate biomarker genes revealed gene ontologies and pathways involved in stroke, including "cell aging", "metal ion binding" and "oxidative damage". Based on the evidence of genetically regulated expression of genes through SMR and directly measured expression of genes in blood, our integrative analysis suggests ten genes as blood biomarkers of stroke risk. Furthermore, our study provides a better understanding of the influence of DNA methylation on the expression of genes linked to stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Islam
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Md Rezanur Rahman
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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98
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Zhao J, Guo F, Hou L, Zhao Y, Sun P. Electron transfer-based antioxidant nanozymes: Emerging therapeutics for inflammatory diseases. J Control Release 2023; 355:273-291. [PMID: 36731800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are usually featured with relatively high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The excess ROS facilitate the polarization of microphages into proinflammatory M1 phenotype, and cause DNA damage, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation, resulting in further deterioration of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, alleviating oxidative stress by ROS scavenging has been an effective strategy for reversing inflammation. Inspired by the natural antioxidant enzymes, electron transfer-based artificial antioxidant nanozymes have been emerging therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The present review starts with the basic knowledge of ROS and diseases, followed by summarizing the possible active centers for the preparation of antioxidant nanozymes. The strategies for the design of antioxidant nanozymes on the purpose of higher catalytic activity are provided, and the applications of the developed antioxidant nanozymes on the therapy of inflammatory diseases are discussed. A perspective is included for the design and applications of artificial antioxidant nanozymes in biomedicine as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Fanfan Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Lin Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yongxing Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Pengchao Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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99
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Sun C, Cao N, Wang Q, Liu N, Yang T, Li S, Pan L, Yao J, Zhang L, Liu M, Zhang G, Xiao X, Liu C. Icaritin induces resolution of inflammation by targeting cathepsin B to prevents mice from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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100
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Abdelsalam SA, Renu K, Zahra HA, Abdallah BM, Ali EM, Veeraraghavan VP, Sivalingam K, Ronsard L, Ammar RB, Vidya DS, Karuppaiya P, Al-Ramadan SY, Rajendran P. Polyphenols Mediate Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemic Stroke-An Update. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051107. [PMID: 36904106 PMCID: PMC10005012 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the main causes of mortality and disability, and it is due to be included in monetary implications on wellbeing frameworks around the world. Ischemic stroke is caused by interference in cerebral blood flow, leading to a deficit in the supply of oxygen to the affected region. It accounts for nearly 80-85% of all cases of stroke. Oxidative stress has a significant impact on the pathophysiologic cascade in brain damage leading to stroke. In the acute phase, oxidative stress mediates severe toxicity, and it initiates and contributes to late-stage apoptosis and inflammation. Oxidative stress conditions occur when the antioxidant defense in the body is unable to counteract the production and aggregation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The previous literature has shown that phytochemicals and other natural products not only scavenge oxygen free radicals but also improve the expressions of cellular antioxidant enzymes and molecules. Consequently, these products protect against ROS-mediated cellular injury. This review aims to give an overview of the most relevant data reported in the literature on polyphenolic compounds, namely, gallic acid, resveratrol, quercetin, kaempferol, mangiferin, epigallocatechin, and pinocembrin, in terms of their antioxidant effects and potential protective activity against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salaheldin Abdelraouf Abdelsalam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Hamad Abu Zahra
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem M. Abdallah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas M. Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Kalaiselvi Sivalingam
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Larance Ronsard
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rebai Ben Ammar
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Technopole of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Devanathadesikan Seshadri Vidya
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Palaniyandi Karuppaiya
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - S. Y. Al-Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-0135899543
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