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Luppi AI, Girn M, Rosas FE, Timmermann C, Roseman L, Erritzoe D, Nutt DJ, Stamatakis EA, Spreng RN, Xing L, Huttner WB, Carhart-Harris RL. A role for the serotonin 2A receptor in the expansion and functioning of human transmodal cortex. Brain 2024; 147:56-80. [PMID: 37703310 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrating independent but converging lines of research on brain function and neurodevelopment across scales, this article proposes that serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) signalling is an evolutionary and developmental driver and potent modulator of the macroscale functional organization of the human cerebral cortex. A wealth of evidence indicates that the anatomical and functional organization of the cortex follows a unimodal-to-transmodal gradient. Situated at the apex of this processing hierarchy-where it plays a central role in the integrative processes underpinning complex, human-defining cognition-the transmodal cortex has disproportionately expanded across human development and evolution. Notably, the adult human transmodal cortex is especially rich in 5-HT2AR expression and recent evidence suggests that, during early brain development, 5-HT2AR signalling on neural progenitor cells stimulates their proliferation-a critical process for evolutionarily-relevant cortical expansion. Drawing on multimodal neuroimaging and cross-species investigations, we argue that, by contributing to the expansion of the human cortex and being prevalent at the apex of its hierarchy in the adult brain, 5-HT2AR signalling plays a major role in both human cortical expansion and functioning. Owing to its unique excitatory and downstream cellular effects, neuronal 5-HT2AR agonism promotes neuroplasticity, learning and cognitive and psychological flexibility in a context-(hyper)sensitive manner with therapeutic potential. Overall, we delineate a dual role of 5-HT2ARs in enabling both the expansion and modulation of the human transmodal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea I Luppi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1SB, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Manesh Girn
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2B4, Canada
- Psychedelics Division-Neuroscape, Department of Neurology, University of California SanFrancisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Fernando E Rosas
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Complexity Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christopher Timmermann
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Leor Roseman
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - David Erritzoe
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - David J Nutt
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Emmanuel A Stamatakis
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - R Nathan Spreng
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Lei Xing
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Robin L Carhart-Harris
- Psychedelics Division-Neuroscape, Department of Neurology, University of California SanFrancisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Zhao G, Yu L, Chen P, Zhu K, Yang L, Lin W, Luo Y, Dou Z, Xu H, Zhang P, Zhu T, Yu S. Neural mechanisms of attentional bias to emotional faces in patients with chronic insomnia disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 169:49-57. [PMID: 38000184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study used event-related potential (ERP) and resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) approaches to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the emotional attention bias in patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID). METHODS Twenty-five patients with CID and thirty-three demographically matched healthy controls (HCs) completed clinical questionnaires and underwent electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. EEG analysis examined the group differences in terms of reaction times, P3 amplitudes, event-related spectral perturbations, and inter-trial phase synchrony. Subsequently, seed-based rs-FC analysis of the amygdala nuclei (including the central-medial amygdala [CMA] and basolateral amygdala [BLA]) was performed. The relationship between P3 amplitude, rs-FC and clinical symptom severity in patients with CID was further investigated by correlation analysis. RESULTS CID patients exhibited shorter reaction times than HCs in both standard and deviant stimuli, with the abnormalities becoming more pronounced as attention allocation increased. Compared to HCs, ERP analysis revealed increased P3 amplitude, theta wave power, and inter-trial synchrony in CID patients. The rs-FC analysis showed increased connectivity of the BLA-occipital pole, CMA-precuneus, and CMA-angular gyrus and decreased connectivity of the CMA-thalamus in CID patients. Notably, correlation analysis of the EEG and fMRI measurements showed a significant positive correlation between the P3 amplitude and the rs-FC of the CMA-PCU. CONCLUSION This study confirms an emotional attention bias in CID, specifically in the neural mechanisms of attention processing that vary depending on the allocation of attentional resources. Abnormal connectivity in the emotion-cognition networks may constitute the neural basis of the abnormal scalp activation pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangli Zhao
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyong Yu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peixin Chen
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Keli Zhu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenting Lin
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yucai Luo
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyang Dou
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Xu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Center of Interventional Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Nervous System Disease Treatment Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Meishan, Meishan, China.
| | - Tianmin Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Siyi Yu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Runyan A, Cassani A, Reyna L, Walsh EC, Hoks RM, Birn RM, Abercrombie HC, Philippi CL. Effects of Cortisol Administration on Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Women with Depression. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 337:111760. [PMID: 38039780 PMCID: PMC10843737 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) research has identified several brain networks impacted by depression and cortisol, including default mode (DMN), frontoparietal (FPN), and salience networks (SN). In the present study, we examined the effects of cortisol administration on rsFC of these networks in individuals varying in depression history and severity. We collected resting-state fMRI scans and self-reported depression symptom severity for 74 women with and without a history of depression after cortisol and placebo administration using a double-blind, crossover design. We conducted seed-based rsFC analyses for DMN, FPN, and SN seeds to examine rsFC changes after cortisol vs. placebo administration in relation to depression history group and severity. Results revealed a main effect of depression group, with lower left amygdala (SN)-middle temporal gyrus connectivity in women with a history of depression. Cortisol administration increased insula (SN)-inferior frontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus connectivity. We also found that greater depression severity was associated with increased PCC (DMN)-cerebellum connectivity after cortisol. These results did not survive Bonferroni correction for seed ROIs and should be interpreted with caution. Our findings indicate that acute cortisol elevation may normalize aberrant connectivity of DMN and SN regions, which could help inform clinical treatments for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Runyan
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Central Missouri, 116 West S. St., Warrensburg, MO 64093, USA
| | - Alexis Cassani
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63121, USA
| | - Leah Reyna
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63121, USA
| | - Erin C Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, CB# 7167, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Roxanne M Hoks
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 625W. Washington Ave., Madison, WI 53703, USA
| | - Rasmus M Birn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd., Madison, Wisconsin, 53719, USA
| | - Heather C Abercrombie
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 625W. Washington Ave., Madison, WI 53703, USA
| | - Carissa L Philippi
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63121, USA.
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Lin S, Wu P, Duan S, Du Q, Guo S, Chen Z, Wu N, Chen X, Xie T, Han Y, Zhao H. Altered functional brain networks in coronary heart disease: independent component analysis and graph theoretical analysis. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:133-142. [PMID: 37943310 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) confers a high risk of cognitive and mental impairments in patients. This study aimed to explore the association of CHD with functional connectivity and topological properties of brain networks. A total of 27 patients with CHD and 44 healthy controls (HCs) participated in this study and underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scan. Intra- and internetwork functional connectivity alterations were explored using independent component analysis in CHD patients. Furthermore, graph theoretical analysis was adopted to assess abnormalities in small-world properties and network efficiency metrics of brain networks. Compared to HCs, CHD patients exhibited increased functional connectivity between the posterior default mode network and posterior visual network, as well as decreased functional connectivity between the left frontoparietal network and auditory network. In terms of graph theoretical analysis, small-world network topology was identified in both CHD patients and HCs. Furthermore, the nodal local efficiency of the left putamen was significantly decreased in CHD patients compared to HCs. This study revealed alterations in brain functional connectivity and topological properties in CHD patients, shedding light on the potential neurological mechanism underlying cognitive and mental impairments in these patients and suggesting unexplored connections between CHD and higher order cognitive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Lin
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China
| | - Puyeh Wu
- GE Healthcare, Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Shaoyin Duan
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361001, Fujian, China
| | - Qianni Du
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China
| | - Shujia Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zhishang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China
| | - Naiming Wu
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China
| | - Ting Xie
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Han
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Hengyu Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China.
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Liu X, Chen Q, Cheng F, Zhuang W, Zhang W, Tang Y, Zhou D. The abnormal brain activation pattern of adolescents with major depressive disorder based on working memory tasks: A fNIRS study. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 169:31-37. [PMID: 38000181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although studies have confirmed that working memory (WM) is impaired among adults with major depressive disorder (MDD), generalizing these neurocognitive impairments to adolescents with MDD would be tenuous. Therefore, separate studies for adolescents with MDD are needed. Relatively little is known about the neural processes associated with WM dysfunction in adolescents with MDD. Thus, we examined whether adolescents with MDD have abnormal brain activation patterns compared to healthy controls (HC) during WM tasks and whether it was possible to distinguish adolescents with MDD and HC based on mean oxy-hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) changes. METHOD A total of 87 adolescents with MDD and 63 HC were recruited. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was performed to monitor the concentrations of Oxy-Hb in the frontotemporal lobe while participants performed three WM tasks in order to examine WM impairments in adolescents with depression. RESULTS The mean changes in Oxy-Hb concentrations in the left prefrontal cortex and right prefrontal cortex were higher among HC than among patients during the encoding and maintenance phase under each WM-load task. Machine learning was used to distinguish adolescents with MDD and HC based on Oxy-Hb changes, with a moderate area under the curve of 0.84. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed WM defects in adolescents with MDD compared to HC based on mean Oxy-Hb changes, which can be valuable for distinguishing adolescents with MDD from HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital & Affiliated Mental Health Centre, Ningbo Key Laboratory for Physical Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental and Psychological Disorders, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Department of Psychosomatic, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 317200, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital & Affiliated Mental Health Centre, Ningbo Key Laboratory for Physical Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental and Psychological Disorders, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Wenhao Zhuang
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital & Affiliated Mental Health Centre, Ningbo Key Laboratory for Physical Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental and Psychological Disorders, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Wenwu Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital & Affiliated Mental Health Centre, Ningbo Key Laboratory for Physical Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental and Psychological Disorders, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
| | - Yiping Tang
- Department of Psychosomatic, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 317200, China.
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital & Affiliated Mental Health Centre, Ningbo Key Laboratory for Physical Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental and Psychological Disorders, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
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Wang F, Liu Z, Ford SD, Deng M, Zhang W, Yang J, Palaniyappan L. Aberrant Brain Dynamics in Schizophrenia During Working Memory Task: Evidence From a Replication Functional MRI Study. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:96-106. [PMID: 37018464 PMCID: PMC10754176 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS The integration of information that typifies working memory (WM) operation requires a flexible, dynamic functional relationship among brain regions. In schizophrenia, though WM capacity is prominently impaired at higher loads, the mechanistic underpinnings are unclear. As a result, we lack convincing cognitive remediation of load-dependent deficits. We hypothesize that reduced WM capacity arises from a disruption in dynamic functional connectivity when patients face cognitive demands. STUDY DESIGN We calculate the dynamic voxel-wise degree centrality (dDC) across the functional connectome in 142 patients with schizophrenia and 88 healthy controls (HCs) facing different WM loads during an n-back task. We tested associations of the altered variability in dDC and clinical symptoms and identified intermediate connectivity configurations (clustered states) across time during WM operation. These analyses were repeated in another independent dataset of 169 subjects (102 with schizophrenia). STUDY RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients showed an increased dDC variability of supplementary motor area (SMA) for the "2back vs. 0back" contrast. This instability at the SMA seen in patients correlated with increased positive symptoms and followed a limited "U-shape" pattern at rest-condition and 2 loads. In the clustering analysis, patients showed reduced centrality in the SMA, superior temporal gyrus, and putamen. These results were replicated in a constrained search in the second independent dataset. CONCLUSIONS Schizophrenia is characterized by a load-dependent reduction of stable centrality in SMA; this relates to the severity of positive symptoms, especially disorganized behaviour. Restoring SMA stability in the presence of cognitive demands may have a therapeutic effect in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiwen Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Sabrina D Ford
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mengjie Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Lee SW, Kim S, Lee S, Seo HS, Cha H, Chang Y, Lee SJ. Neural mechanisms of acceptance-commitment therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a resting-state and task-based fMRI study. Psychol Med 2024; 54:374-384. [PMID: 37427558 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence for the use of acceptance-commitment therapy (ACT) for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, few fully implemented ACT have been conducted on the neural mechanisms underlying its effect on OCD. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the neural correlates of ACT in patients with OCD using task-based and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS Patients with OCD were randomly assigned to the ACT (n = 21) or the wait-list control group (n = 21). An 8-week group-format ACT program was provided to the ACT group. All participants underwent an fMRI scan and psychological measurements before and after 8 weeks. RESULTS Patients with OCD showed significantly increased activation in the bilateral insula and superior temporal gyri (STG), induced by the thought-action fusion task after ACT intervention. Further psycho-physiological interaction analyses with these regions as seeds revealed that the left insular-left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) connectivity was strengthened in the ACT group after treatment. Increased resting-state functional connectivity was also found in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, and lingual gyrus after ACT intervention Most of these regions showed significant correlations with ACT process measures while only the right insula was correlated with the obsessive-compulsive symptom measure. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the therapeutic effect of ACT on OCD may involve the salience and interoception processes (i.e. insula), multisensory integration (i.e. STG), language (i.e. IFG), and self-referential processes (i.e. PCC and precuneus). These areas or their interactions could be important for understanding how ACT works psychologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seungho Kim
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sangyeol Lee
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ho Seok Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyunsil Cha
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yongmin Chang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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Gerin MI, Viding E, Puetz VB, Armbruster-Genc DJ, Rankin G, McCrory EJ. Atypical Interpersonal Problem-Solving and Resting-state Functional Connectivity in Adolescents with Maltreatment Experience. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:290-301. [PMID: 37818587 PMCID: PMC10788892 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666231002145440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment is associated with altered neurocognitive functioning, which is thought to reflect, in part, adaptation to early adverse environmental experiences. However, we continue to lack a precise mechanistic understanding linking atypical neurocognitive processing with social functioning and psychiatric outcomes following early adversity. OBJECTIVE The present work investigated interpersonal problem-solving, resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC), and mental health symptoms in adolescents with documented maltreatment experience and explored whether altered neural function contributes in part to poorer social functioning. METHODS Forty adolescents (aged 12-17) with documented experiences of abuse or neglect and a carefully matched group of 42 non-maltreated peers participated in this study that measured task-based interpersonal problem-solving skills and rsFC. RESULTS Adolescents with maltreatment experience showed poorer interpersonal problem-solving performance, which partly accounted for their elevated mental health symptoms. Resting-state seed-based analyses revealed that adolescents with maltreatment experience showed a significant increase in rsFC between medial Default Mode Network (DMN) hubs, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), with a posterior cluster, including the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus (PCu), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), and lingual gyrus (LG). Moderation analyses revealed that maltreatment-related increased DMN rsFC partly accounted for poorer performance in interpersonal problem-solving. CONCLUSION Poorer interpersonal problem-solving, partly accounted for by atypical coupling between DMN medial hubs, was associated with maltreatment exposure. Interventions tailored to enhance interpersonal problem-solving represents a promising avenue to promote resilience and reduce the likelihood of mental health disorder following maltreatment experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia I. Gerin
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
| | - Essi Viding
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vanessa B. Puetz
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
| | | | - Georgia Rankin
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eamon J. McCrory
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
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Xiang J, Sun Y, Wu X, Guo Y, Xue J, Niu Y, Cui X. Abnormal Spatial and Temporal Overlap of Time-Varying Brain Functional Networks in Patients with Schizophrenia. Brain Sci 2023; 14:40. [PMID: 38248255 PMCID: PMC10813230 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex psychiatric disorder with unclear etiology and pathological features. Neuroscientists are increasingly proposing that schizophrenia is an abnormality in the dynamic organization of brain networks. Previous studies have found that the dynamic brain networks of people with SZ are abnormal in both space and time. However, little is known about the interactions and overlaps between hubs of the brain underlying spatiotemporal dynamics. In this study, we aimed to investigate different patterns of spatial and temporal overlap of hubs between SZ patients and healthy individuals. Specifically, we obtained resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the public dataset for 43 SZ patients and 49 healthy individuals. We derived a representation of time-varying functional connectivity using the Jackknife Correlation (JC) method. We employed the Betweenness Centrality (BC) method to identify the hubs of the brain's functional connectivity network. We then applied measures of temporal overlap, spatial overlap, and hierarchical clustering to investigate differences in the organization of brain hubs between SZ patients and healthy controls. Our findings suggest significant differences between SZ patients and healthy controls at the whole-brain and subnetwork levels. Furthermore, spatial overlap and hierarchical clustering analysis showed that quasi-periodic patterns were disrupted in SZ patients. Analyses of temporal overlap revealed abnormal pairwise engagement preferences in the hubs of SZ patients. These results provide new insights into the dynamic characteristics of the network organization of the SZ brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yumeng Sun
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Xubin Wu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yuxiang Guo
- School of Software, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
| | - Jiayue Xue
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yan Niu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Xiaohong Cui
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
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Dong D, Wang Y, Zhou F, Chang X, Qiu J, Feng T, He Q, Lei X, Chen H. Functional Connectome Hierarchy in Schizotypy and Its Associations With Expression of Schizophrenia-Related Genes. Schizophr Bull 2023:sbad179. [PMID: 38156676 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Schizotypy has been conceptualized as a continuum of symptoms with marked genetic, neurobiological, and sensory-cognitive overlaps to schizophrenia. Hierarchical organization represents a general organizing principle for both the cortical connectome supporting sensation-to-cognition continuum and gene expression variability across the cortex. However, a mapping of connectome hierarchy to schizotypy remains to be established. Importantly, the underlying changes of the cortical connectome hierarchy that mechanistically link gene expressions to schizotypy are unclear. STUDY DESIGN The present study applied novel connectome gradient on resting-state fMRI data from 1013 healthy young adults to investigate schizotypy-associated sensorimotor-to-transmodal connectome hierarchy and assessed its similarity with the connectome hierarchy of schizophrenia. Furthermore, normative and differential postmortem gene expression data were utilized to examine transcriptional profiles linked to schizotypy-associated connectome hierarchy. STUDY RESULTS We found that schizotypy was associated with a compressed functional connectome hierarchy. Moreover, the pattern of schizotypy-related hierarchy exhibited a positive correlation with the connectome hierarchy observed in schizophrenia. This pattern was closely colocated with the expression of schizophrenia-related genes, with the correlated genes being enriched in transsynaptic, receptor signaling and calcium ion binding. CONCLUSIONS The compressed connectome hierarchy suggests diminished functional system differentiation, providing a novel and holistic system-level basis for various sensory-cognition deficits in schizotypy. Importantly, its linkage with schizophrenia-altered hierarchy and schizophrenia-related gene expression yields new insights into the neurobiological continuum of psychosis. It also provides mechanistic insight into how gene variation may drive alterations in functional hierarchy, mediating biological vulnerability of schizotypy to schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debo Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Yulin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuebin Chang
- Department of Information Sciences, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghua He
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Lei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Jin X, Zhang K, Lu B, Li X, Yan CG, Du Y, Liu Y, Lu J, Luo X, Gao X, Liu J. Shared atypical spontaneous brain activity pattern in early onset schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders: evidence from cortical surface-based analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02333-2. [PMID: 38147111 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were considered as two neurodevelopmental disorders and had shared clinical features. we hypothesized that they have some common atypical brain functions and the purpose of this study was to explored the shared brain spontaneous activity strength alterations in early onset schizophrenia (EOS) and ASD in the children and adolescents with a multi-center large-sample study. A total of 171 EOS patients (aged 14.25 ± 1.87), 188 ASD patients (aged 9.52 ± 5.13), and 107 healthy controls (aged 11.52 ± 2.82) had scanned with Resting-fMRI and analyzed surface-based amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF). Results showed that both EOS and ASD had hypoactivity in the primary sensorimotor regions (bilateral primary and early visual cortex, left ventral visual stream, left primary auditory cortex) and hyperactivity in the high-order transmodal regions (bilateral SFL, bilateral DLPFC, right frontal eye fields), and bilateral thalamus. EOS had more severe abnormality than ASD. This study revealed shared functional abnormalities in the primary sensorimotor regions and the high-order transmodal regions in EOS and ASD, which provided neuroimaging evidence of common changes in EOS and ASD, and may help with better early recognition and precise treatment for EOS and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xue Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), 51 Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chao-Gan Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yasong Du
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, No.600 Wanping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, No.600 Wanping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Child Psychiatry of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuerong Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Xueping Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), 51 Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Cattarinussi G, Di Giorgio A, Moretti F, Bondi E, Sambataro F. Dynamic functional connectivity in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A review of the evidence and associations with psychopathological features. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110827. [PMID: 37473954 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of functional network connectivity have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Recent studies also suggest that the temporal dynamics of functional connectivity (dFC) can be altered in these disorders. Here, we summarized the existing literature on dFC in SCZ and BD, and their association with psychopathological and cognitive features. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies investigating dFC in SCZ and BD and identified 77 studies. Our findings support a general model of dysconnectivity of dFC in SCZ, whereas a heterogeneous picture arose in BD. Although dFC alterations are more severe and widespread in SCZ compared to BD, dysfunctions of a triple network system underlying goal-directed behavior and sensory-motor networks were present in both disorders. Furthermore, in SCZ, positive and negative symptoms were associated with abnormal dFC. Implications for understanding the pathophysiology of disorders, the role of neurotransmitters, and treatments on dFC are discussed. The lack of standards for dFC metrics, replication studies, and the use of small samples represent major limitations for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Annabella Di Giorgio
- Department of Mental Health and Addictions, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Federica Moretti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Emi Bondi
- Department of Mental Health and Addictions, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy.
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Wang H, Jülich ST, Lei X. Functional Connectivity Between Default Mode and Ventral Attention Networks Mediates the Effects of Chronotype on Daily Physical Activity. Neuroscience 2023; 535:194-202. [PMID: 37935345 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Daily physical activity (dPA) is closely related to circadian rhythm and chronotype. The functional connectivity (FC) within or between the default mode (DMN) and ventral attention network (vAN) were associated with dPA and chronotype. DMN-vAN FC was investigated for its role in chronotype and dPA. 153 participants completed the reduced version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), dPA was measured via actigraphy (5-day), and then resting-state fMRI scans were performed. rMEQ scores and steps recorded by the actigraphic devices (with each hour as the time window to calculate steps for five consecutive days per hour, subsequently yielding the maximum number of steps and its corresponding time, ie, SM and SMT) represent chronotype and dPA respectively. The results found that the rMEQ scores were significantly negatively correlated with SMT. The positive correlation between the rMEQ scores and the DMN-vAN FC was significant. There were also significant positive correlations between SMT and DMN-vAN FC. Further analysis revealed that DMN-vAN mediates the relationship between chronotype and SMT. The FC of DMN-vAN may be the underlying neural mechanism through which chronotype influences dPA. These findings could support the development of reasonable activity schedules or specific intervention programs to improve physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haien Wang
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Simon Theodor Jülich
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xu Lei
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Onofrj M, Russo M, Delli Pizzi S, De Gregorio D, Inserra A, Gobbi G, Sensi SL. The central role of the Thalamus in psychosis, lessons from neurodegenerative diseases and psychedelics. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:384. [PMID: 38092757 PMCID: PMC10719401 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The PD-DLB psychosis complex found in Parkinson's disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) includes hallucinations, Somatic Symptom/Functional Disorders, and delusions. These disorders exhibit similar presentation patterns and progression. Mechanisms at the root of these symptoms also share similarities with processes promoting altered states of consciousness found in Rapid Eye Movement sleep, psychiatric disorders, or the intake of psychedelic compounds. We propose that these mechanisms find a crucial driver and trigger in the dysregulated activity of high-order thalamic nuclei set in motion by ThalamoCortical Dysrhythmia (TCD). TCD generates the loss of finely tuned cortico-cortical modulations promoted by the thalamus and unleashes the aberrant activity of the Default Mode Network (DMN). TCD moves in parallel with altered thalamic filtering of external and internal information. The process produces an input overload to the cortex, thereby exacerbating DMN decoupling from task-positive networks. These phenomena alter the brain metastability, creating dreamlike, dissociative, or altered states of consciousness. In support of this hypothesis, mind-altering psychedelic drugs also modulate thalamic-cortical pathways. Understanding the pathophysiological background of these conditions provides a conceptual bridge between neurology and psychiatry, thereby helping to generate a promising and converging area of investigation and therapeutic efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Onofrj
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology-ITAB University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Mirella Russo
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology-ITAB University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Delli Pizzi
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology-ITAB University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Danilo De Gregorio
- Division of Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Inserra
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriella Gobbi
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology-ITAB University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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Butterfield RD, Silk JS, Sequeira SL, Jones NP, Ladouceur CD. Neural activity during negative self-evaluation is associated with negative self-concept and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38086604 PMCID: PMC11169090 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Self-concept becomes reliant on social comparison, potentially leading to excessive self-focused attention, persistently negative self-concept and increased risk for depression during early adolescence. Studies have implicated neural activation in cortical midline brain structures in self-related information processing, yet it remains unclear how this activation may underlie subjective self-concept and links to depression in adolescence. We examined these associations by assessing neural activity during negative vs. positive self-referential processing in 39 11-to-13-year-old girls. During a functional neuroimaging task, girls reported on their perceptions of self-concept by rating how true they believed positive and negative personality traits were about them. Girls reported on depressive symptoms at the scan and 6 months later. Activation in the dorsomedial and ventrolateral prefrontal cortexes (dMPFC; VLPFC), and visual association area was significantly associated with subjective self-concept and/or depressive symptoms at the scan or 6 months later. Exploratory models showed higher activation in the dMPFC to Self-negative > Self-positive was indirectly associated with concurrent depressive symptoms through more negative self-concept. Higher activation in the visual association area to Self-positive > Self-negative was associated with lower depressive symptoms at follow-up through more positive self-concept. Findings highlight how differential neural processing of negative versus positive self-relevant information maps onto perceptions of self-concept and adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind D Butterfield
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Neil P Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Pagani M, Gutierrez-Barragan D, de Guzman AE, Xu T, Gozzi A. Mapping and comparing fMRI connectivity networks across species. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1238. [PMID: 38062107 PMCID: PMC10703935 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05629-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Technical advances in neuroimaging, notably in fMRI, have allowed distributed patterns of functional connectivity to be mapped in the human brain with increasing spatiotemporal resolution. Recent years have seen a growing interest in extending this approach to rodents and non-human primates to understand the mechanism of fMRI connectivity and complement human investigations of the functional connectome. Here, we discuss current challenges and opportunities of fMRI connectivity mapping across species. We underscore the critical importance of physiologically decoding neuroimaging measures of brain (dys)connectivity via multiscale mechanistic investigations in animals. We next highlight a set of general principles governing the organization of mammalian connectivity networks across species. These include the presence of evolutionarily conserved network systems, a dominant cortical axis of functional connectivity, and a common repertoire of topographically conserved fMRI spatiotemporal modes. We finally describe emerging approaches allowing comparisons and extrapolations of fMRI connectivity findings across species. As neuroscientists gain access to increasingly sophisticated perturbational, computational and recording tools, cross-species fMRI offers novel opportunities to investigate the large-scale organization of the mammalian brain in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pagani
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
- Autism Center, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
- IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca, Italy
| | - Daniel Gutierrez-Barragan
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - A Elizabeth de Guzman
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Ting Xu
- Center for the Integrative Developmental Neuroscience, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Gozzi
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy.
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Lan H, Suo X, Zuo C, Ni W, Wang S, Kemp GJ, Gong Q. Shared and distinct abnormalities of brain magnetization transfer ratio in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder: a comparative voxel-based meta-analysis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2824-2833. [PMID: 37697951 PMCID: PMC10686600 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) share significant clinical overlap, although it remains unknown to what extent this overlap reflects shared neural profiles. To identify the shared and specific abnormalities in SCZ and MDD, we performed a whole-brain voxel-based meta-analysis using magnetization transfer imaging, a technique that characterizes the macromolecular structural integrity of brain tissue in terms of the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). METHODS A systematic search based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, International Scientific Index (ISI) Web of Science, and MEDLINE for relevant studies up to March 2022. Two researchers independently screened the articles. Rigorous scrutiny and data extraction were performed for the studies that met the inclusion criteria. Voxel-wise meta-analyses were conducted using anisotropic effect size-signed differential mapping with a unified template. Meta-regression was used to explore the potential effects of demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS A total of 15 studies with 17 datasets describing 365 SCZ patients, 224 MDD patients, and 550 healthy controls (HCs) were identified. The conjunction analysis showed that both disorders shared higher MTR than HC in the left cerebellum ( P =0.0006) and left fusiform gyrus ( P =0.0004). Additionally, SCZ patients showed disorder-specific lower MTR in the anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, and right superior frontal gyrus, and higher MTR in the left thalamus, precuneus/cuneus, posterior cingulate gyrus, and paracentral lobule; and MDD patients showed higher MTR in the left middle occipital region. Meta-regression showed no statistical significance in either group. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed a structural neural basis shared between SCZ and MDD patients, emphasizing the importance of shared neural substrates across psychopathology. Meanwhile, distinct disease-specific characteristics could have implications for future differential diagnosis and targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lan
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Chao Zuo
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Weishi Ni
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Graham J. Kemp
- Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L693BX, United Kingdom
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
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Wen Y, Li H, Huang Y, Qiao D, Ren T, Lei L, Li G, Yang C, Xu Y, Han M, Liu Z. Dynamic network characteristics of adolescents with major depressive disorder: Attention network mediates the association between anhedonia and attentional deficit. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5749-5769. [PMID: 37683097 PMCID: PMC10619388 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention deficit is a critical symptom that impairs social functioning in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). In this study, we aimed to explore the dynamic neural network activity associated with attention deficits and its relationship with clinical outcomes in adolescents with MDD. We included 188 adolescents with MDD and 94 healthy controls. By combining psychophysics, resting-state electroencephalography (EEG), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques, we aimed to identify dynamic network features through the investigation of EEG microstate characteristics and related temporal network features in adolescents with MDD. At baseline, microstate analysis revealed that the occurrence of Microstate C in the patient group was lower than that in healthy controls, whereas the duration and coverage of Microstate D increased in the MDD group. Mediation analysis revealed that the probability of transition from Microstate C to D mediated anhedonia and attention deficits in the MDD group. fMRI results showed that the temporal variability of the dorsal attention network (DAN) was significantly weaker in patients with MDD than in healthy controls. Importantly, the temporal variability of DAN mediated the relationship between anhedonia and attention deficits in the patient group. After acute-stage treatment, the response prediction group (RP) showed improvement in Microstates C and D compared to the nonresponse prediction group (NRP). For resting-state fMRI data, the temporal variability of DAN was significantly higher in the RP group than in the NRP group. Overall, this study enriches our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying attention deficits in patients with MDD and provides novel clinical biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Wen
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Hong Li
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yangxi Huang
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Dan Qiao
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Tian Ren
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Gaizhi Li
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Min Han
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Zhifen Liu
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
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Deng K, Jin W, Jiang K, Li Z, Im H, Chen S, Du H, Guan S, Ge W, Wei C, Zhang B, Wang P, Zhao G, Chen C, Liu L, Wang Q. Reactivity of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, but not the amygdala, to negative emotion faces predicts greed personality trait. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2023; 19:21. [PMID: 38041182 PMCID: PMC10690991 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-023-00223-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
This study explored whether amygdala reactivity predicted the greed personality trait (GPT) using both task-based and resting-state functional connectivity analyses (ntotal = 452). In Cohort 1 (n = 83), task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (t-fMRI) results from a region-of-interest (ROI) analysis revealed no direct correlation between amygdala reactivity to fearful and angry faces and GPT. Instead, whole-brain analyses revealed GPT to robustly negatively vary with activations in the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), supramarginal gyrus, and angular gyrus in the contrast of fearful + angry faces > shapes. Moreover, task-based psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analyses showed that the high GPT group showed weaker functional connectivity of the vmPFC seed with a top-down control network and visual pathways when processing fearful or angry faces compared to their lower GPT counterparts. In Cohort 2, resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) analyses indicated stronger connectivity between the vmPFC seed and the top-down control network and visual pathways in individuals with higher GPT. Comparing the two cohorts, bilateral amygdala seeds showed weaker associations with the top-down control network in the high group via PPI analyses in Cohort 1. Yet, they exhibited distinct rs-FC patterns in Cohort 2 (e.g., positive associations of GPT with the left amygdala-top-down network FC but negative associations with the right amygdala-visual pathway FC). The study underscores the role of the vmPFC and its functional connectivity in understanding GPT, rather than amygdala reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Deng
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Weipeng Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Keying Jiang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zixi Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Hohjin Im
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-7085, USA
| | - Shuning Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Hanxiao Du
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Shunping Guan
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Chuqiao Wei
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Pinchun Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guang Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
- Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Chunhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Liqing Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
- Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
- Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin, 300387, China.
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70
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Otte ML, Schmitgen MM, Wolf ND, Kubera KM, Calhoun VD, Fritze S, Geiger LS, Tost H, Seidl UW, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Hirjak D, Wolf RC. Structure/function interrelationships and illness insight in patients with schizophrenia: a multimodal MRI data fusion study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:1703-1713. [PMID: 36806586 PMCID: PMC10713778 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Illness insight in schizophrenia (SZ) has an important impact on treatment outcome, integration into society and can vary over the course of the disorder. To deal with and treat reduced or absent illness insight, we need to better understand its functional and structural correlates. Previous studies showed regionally abnormal brain volume in brain areas related to cognitive control and self-reference. However, little is known about associations between illness insight and structural and functional network strength in patients with SZ. This study employed a cross-sectional design to examine structural and functional differences between patients with SZ (n = 74) and healthy controls (n = 47) using structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Voxel-based morphometry was performed on structural data, and the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was calculated for functional data. To investigate abnormal structure/function interrelationships and their association with illness insight, we used parallel independent component analysis (pICA). Significant group (SZ vs. HC) differences were detected in distinct structural and functional networks, predominantly comprising frontoparietal, temporal and cerebellar regions. Significant associations were found between illness insight and two distinct structural networks comprising frontoparietal (pre- and postcentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, thalamus, and precuneus) and posterior cortical regions (cuneus, precuneus, lingual, posterior cingulate, and middle occipital gyrus). Finally, we found a significant relationship between illness insight and functional network comprising temporal regions (superior temporal gyrus). This study suggests that aberrant structural and functional integrity of neural systems subserving cognitive control, memory and self-reference are tightly coupled to illness insight in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Otte
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Vosstrasse 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mike M Schmitgen
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Vosstrasse 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadine D Wolf
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Vosstrasse 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina M Kubera
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Vosstrasse 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stefan Fritze
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lena S Geiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Research Group Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Research Group Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Seidl
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Vosstrasse 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, SHG-Kliniken Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Research Group Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dusan Hirjak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Robert Christian Wolf
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Vosstrasse 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
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71
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Zhao P, Wang X, Wang Q, Yan R, Chattun MR, Yao Z, Lu Q. Altered fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the superior temporal gyrus: a resting-state fMRI study in anxious depression. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:847. [PMID: 37974113 PMCID: PMC10655435 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05364-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxious depression, which is a common subtype of major depressive disorder, has distinct clinical features from nonanxious depression. However, little is known about the neurobiological characteristics of anxious depression. In this study, we explored resting-state regional brain activity changes between anxious depression and nonanxious depression. METHOD Resting-state functional magnetic resonance (rs-fMRI) imaging data were collected from 60 patients with anxious depression, 38 patients with nonanxious depression, and 60 matched healthy controls (HCs). One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the whole-brain fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) in the three groups. The correlation between the fALFF values and the clinical measures was examined. RESULTS Compared with those of HCs, the fALFF values in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) in patients with anxious depression were significantly increased, while the fALFF values in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left STG, and right STG in patients with nonanxious depression were significantly increased. Patients with anxious depression showed reduced fALFF values in the right STG compared with patients with nonanxious depression (p < 0.001, corrected). Within the anxious depression group, fALFF value in the right STG was positively correlated with the cognitive disturbance score (r = 0.36, p = 0.005 corrected). CONCLUSION The bilateral STG and left MTG, which are related to the default mode network, appear to be key brain regions in nonanxious depression, while the right STG plays an essential role in the neuropathological mechanism of anxious depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Department of Medical Psychology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mohammad Ridwan Chattun
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijian Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhang S, She S, Qiu Y, Li Z, Mao D, Zheng W, Wu H, Huang R. Altered cortical myelin in the salience and default mode networks in major depressive disorder patients: A surface-based analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:113-119. [PMID: 37517634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence from previous genetic and post-mortem studies suggested that the myelination abnormality contributed to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, image-level alterations in cortical myelin content associated with MDD are still unclear. METHODS The high-resolution T1-weighted (T1w) and T2-weighted (T2w) brain 3D structural images were obtained from 52 MDD patients and 52 healthy controls (HC). We calculated the vertex-based T1w/T2w ratio using the HCP structural pipelines to characterize individual cortical myelin maps at the fs_LR 32 k surface. We attempted to detect the clusters with significant differences in cortical myelin content between MDD and HC groups. We correlated the cluster-wise averaged myelin value and the clinical performances in MDD patients. RESULTS The MDD patients showed significantly lower cortical myelin content in the cluster involving the left insula, orbitofrontal cortex, superior temporal cortex, transverse temporal gyrus, inferior frontal cortex, superior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, precentral cortex, and postcentral cortex. The correlation analysis showed a significantly positive correlation between the cluster-wise cortical myelin content and the onset age of MDD patients. CONCLUSION The MDD patients showed lower cortical myelin content in regions of the default mode network regions and salience network than healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufei Zhang
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shenglin She
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Yidan Qiu
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Deng Mao
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Huawang Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, 510370, China.
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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73
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Zarghami TS. A new causal centrality measure reveals the prominent role of subcortical structures in the causal architecture of the extended default mode network. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1917-1941. [PMID: 37658184 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02697-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Network representation has been an incredibly useful concept for understanding the behavior of complex systems in social sciences, biology, neuroscience, and beyond. Network science is mathematically founded on graph theory, where nodal importance is gauged using measures of centrality. Notably, recent work suggests that the topological centrality of a node should not be over-interpreted as its dynamical or causal importance in the network. Hence, identifying the influential nodes in dynamic causal models (DCM) remains an open question. This paper introduces causal centrality for DCM, a dynamics-sensitive and causally-founded centrality measure based on the notion of intervention in graphical models. Operationally, this measure simplifies to an identifiable expression using Bayesian model reduction. As a proof of concept, the average DCM of the extended default mode network (eDMN) was computed in 74 healthy subjects. Next, causal centralities of different regions were computed for this causal graph, and compared against several graph-theoretical centralities. The results showed that the subcortical structures of the eDMN were more causally central than the cortical regions, even though the graph-theoretical centralities unanimously favored the latter. Importantly, model comparison revealed that only the pattern of causal centrality was causally relevant. These results are consistent with the crucial role of the subcortical structures in the neuromodulatory systems of the brain, and highlight their contribution to the organization of large-scale networks. Potential applications of causal centrality-to study causal models of other neurotypical and pathological functional networks-are discussed, and some future lines of research are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh S Zarghami
- Bio-Electric Department, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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74
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Kucyi A, Kam JWY, Andrews-Hanna JR, Christoff K, Whitfield-Gabrieli S. Recent advances in the neuroscience of spontaneous and off-task thought: implications for mental health. NATURE MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 1:827-840. [PMID: 37974566 PMCID: PMC10653280 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-023-00133-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
People spend a remarkable 30-50% of awake life thinking about something other than what they are currently doing. These experiences of being "off-task" can be described as spontaneous thought when mental dynamics are relatively flexible. Here we review recent neuroscience developments in this area and consider implications for mental wellbeing and illness. We provide updated overviews of the roles of the default mode network and large-scale network dynamics, and we discuss emerging candidate mechanisms involving hippocampal memory (sharp-wave ripples, replay) and neuromodulatory (noradrenergic and serotonergic) systems. We explore how distinct brain states can be associated with or give rise to adaptive and maladaptive forms of thought linked to distinguishable mental health outcomes. We conclude by outlining new directions in the neuroscience of spontaneous and off-task thought that may clarify mechanisms, lead to personalized biomarkers, and facilitate therapy developments toward the goals of better understanding and improving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Kucyi
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Drexel University
| | - Julia W. Y. Kam
- Department of Psychology and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary
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75
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Chessa E, Piga M, Perra A, Pintus E, Porcu M, Serafini C, Congia M, Angioni MM, Naitza MR, Floris A, Mathieu A, Saba L, Carta MG, Cauli A. Effect of anti-P ribosomal and anti-NR2 antibodies on depression and cognitive processes in SLE: an integrated clinical and functional MRI study. Lupus Sci Med 2023; 10:e001005. [PMID: 37918951 PMCID: PMC10626760 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2023-001005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the effects of anti-ribosomal P protein (anti-P) and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunit 2 (anti-NR2) autoantibodies on depression and cognitive dysfunction and their relationships with functional brain connectivity in SLE. METHODS This cross-sectional study included adult patients who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology 2019 SLE criteria. Anti-P and anti-NR2 were quantified using ELISA. A 1-hour battery of neuropsychological testing interpreted by a neuropsychologist explored depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CES-D), cognitive domains and quality of life (SF-12). Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) MRI analysis was performed within 1 month, and region-of-interest to region-of-interest (ROI-to-ROI) analyses with the graph theory were performed. RESULTS Thirty-three patients with SLE (9% male) were enrolled, mean age (SD) of 43.5 (14) years and median disease duration of 10.4 years (2.9-25.4). Anti-P was positive in 6 (18.2%) and anti-NR2 in 14 (42.4%) patients. Depressive symptoms were found in 14 (42.4%) patients using the CES-D (range 0-51). After correction for age, disease duration, disease activity and white matter lesion load, the CES-D score was independently associated with anti-P serum level (β=0.32; p=0.049) and prednisone daily dose (β=0.38; p=0.023). Nineteen patients (57.6%) showed at least a cognitive test alteration, but no significant association with autoantibodies was found. The rs-fc MRI analysis revealed an independent association between the anti-P serum levels and many altered brain ROI properties but no anti-NR2 and prednisone effects on the cerebral network. CONCLUSIONS Anti-P was associated with brain network perturbation, which may be responsible for depressive symptoms in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Piga
- Rheumatology Unit, AOU Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Perra
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Pintus
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michele Porcu
- Department of Radiology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cristina Serafini
- Rheumatology Unit, AOU Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Maddalena Angioni
- Rheumatology Unit, AOU Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Micaela Rita Naitza
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Floris
- Rheumatology Unit, AOU Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mathieu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Radiology Department, AOU Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Cauli
- Rheumatology Unit, AOU Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Urushihata T, Goto M, Kabetani K, Kiyozuka M, Maruyama S, Tsuji S, Tada H, Satoh A. Evaluation of cellular activity in response to sleep deprivation by a comprehensive analysis of the whole mouse brain. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1252689. [PMID: 37928729 PMCID: PMC10620513 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1252689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) causes several adverse functional outcomes, and understanding the associated processes can improve quality of life. Although the effects of SD on neuronal activity in several brain regions have been identified, a comprehensive evaluation of the whole brain is still lacking. Hence, we performed SD using two different methods, gentle handling and a dedicated chamber, in targeted recombination in active populations 2 (TRAP2) mice crossed with Rosa-ZsGreen reporter mice and visualized cellular activity in the whole brain. Using the semi-automated post-imaging analysis tool Slice Histology Alignment, Registration, and Cell Quantification (SHARCQ), the number of activated cells was quantified. From the analysis of 14 brain regions, cellular activity was significantly increased in the olfactory areas and decreased in the medulla by the two SD methods. From the analysis of the further subdivided 348 regions, cellular activity was significantly increased in the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, lateral hypothalamic area, parabigeminal nucleus, ventral tegmental area, and magnocellular reticular nucleus, and decreased in the anterior part of the basolateral amygdalar nucleus, nucleus accumbens, septohippocampal nucleus, reticular nucleus of the thalamus, preoptic part of the periventricular hypothalamic nucleus, ventromedial preoptic nucleus, rostral linear nucleus raphe, facial motor nucleus, vestibular nuclei, and some fiber tracts (oculomotor nerve, genu of corpus callosum, and rubrospinal tract) by the two SD methods. Two subdivided regions of the striatum (caudoputamen and other striatum), epithalamus, vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, anteroventral preoptic nucleus, superior colliculus optic layer, medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract, pontine gray, and fiber tracts (medial lemniscus, columns of the fornix, brachium of the inferior colliculus, and mammillary peduncle) were differentially affected by the two SD methods. Most brain regions detected from these analyses have been reported to be involved in regulating sleep/wake regulatory circuits. Moreover, the results from the connectivity analysis indicated that the connectivity of cellular activity among brain regions was altered by SD. Together, such a comprehensive analysis of the whole brain is useful for understanding the mechanisms by which SD and/or sleep disruption affects brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Urushihata
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Mio Goto
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Keiko Kabetani
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Mai Kiyozuka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Obu, Japan
| | - Shiho Maruyama
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Obu, Japan
| | - Shogo Tsuji
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hirobumi Tada
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Obu, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akiko Satoh
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Zhou Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Ai H, Liu M, Qiu J, Luo YJ, Xu P. Differential effects of generalized anxiety and separation anxiety on brain structural development during adolescence. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:478-485. [PMID: 37442456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive anxiety is highly prevalent during childhood and adolescence, with detrimental effects on somatic and mental health, and quality of life. Although structural abnormalities in the brain have been found in people with anxiety disorders, whether anxiety affects the brain development of children and adolescents remains unknown. Here, we applied a multivariate approach to two single-site MRI datasets consisting of 733 and 775 participants aged 5-18 years. Using linear support vector regression and cross-validation, brain age is estimated by predicting the chronological age from the features that combine cortical thickness and surface area of 68 brain regions. We found that gray matter can predict the chronological age of children and adolescents with a low mean absolute error. Compared to specific brain network, the whole structural brain measures predicted brain age better. Importantly, adolescents with higher generalized anxiety and those with lower separation anxiety showed lower brain age, indicating a slow development of brain structures. The relationship between anxiety and brain age of youths could also be found in parent-reported separation anxiety. The findings highlight differential effects of different anxiety types on brain structural development and suggest that different types of anxiety during childhood and adolescence should be treated differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiman Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The China Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Ai
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingfang Liu
- Community Health Service Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyin Qiu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Institute for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China; School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (BNU), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Center for Neuroimaging, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China.
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Wang L, Zhao P, Zhang J, Zhang R, Liu J, Duan J, Zhang X, Zhu R, Wang F. Functional connectivity between the cerebellar vermis and cerebrum distinguishes early treatment response for major depressive episodes in adolescents. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:256-263. [PMID: 37437740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The absence of biomarkers for predicting treatment response in adolescent mood disorder calls for further research. The vermis, a component of the cerebellum, is involved in mood disorder pathophysiology and relates to clinical symptoms and treatment outcomes. We investigated vermis functional connectivity (FC) as an early marker for treatment response identification. METHOD One hundred thirty-two adolescents with mood disorders including major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, were recruited, who were experiencing a major depressive episode. All adolescents underwent baseline and 2-week treatment resting-state MRI scans. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) assessments were completed to assess the severity of symptoms. Patients were divided into treatment-responsive (≥50 % HAMD reduction, n = 75) and treatment-unresponsive subgroups (n = 57). Vermis FCs were compared between subgroups at baseline. And we compared the pre- and post-treatment FC differences within subgroups. RESULT Higher vermis-left temporal lobe FC in treatment-responsive group compared to treatment-unresponsive group at baseline. The FC value showed positive prognosis for the efficacy, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.760 (95 % confidence interval: 0.678-0.843, p < 0.001), suggesting higher vermis-temporal FC is benefit to improve treatment-response. Furthermore, post-treatment analysis showed significant increases in the vermis-right frontal lobe FC values between in all patients, suggesting that vermis-frontal FCs were independent of treatment-outcome. LIMITATION Sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of our results. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that the FC between the vermis and the cortex is not only associated with symptom alleviation but also predictive of treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Wang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Ran Zhang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Juan Liu
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Jia Duan
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Xizhe Zhang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Amiri S, Arbabi M, Rahimi M, Parvaresh-Rizi M, Mirbagheri MM. Effective connectivity between deep brain stimulation targets in individuals with treatment-resistant depression. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad256. [PMID: 37901039 PMCID: PMC10600572 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of deep brain stimulation on patients with treatment-resistant depression is strongly dependent on the connectivity of the stimulation region with other regions associated with depression. The aims of this study are to characterize the effective connectivity between the brain regions playing important roles in depression and further investigate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of treatment-resistant depression and the mechanisms involving deep brain stimulation. Thirty-three individuals with treatment-resistant depression and 29 healthy control subjects were examined. All subjects underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning. The coupling parameters reflecting the causal interactions among deep brain stimulation targets and medial prefrontal cortex were estimated using spectral dynamic causal modelling. Our results showed that compared to the healthy control subjects, in the left hemisphere of treatment-resistant depression patients, the nucleus accumbens was inhibited by the inferior thalamic peduncle and excited the ventral caudate and the subcallosal cingulate gyrus, which in turn excited the lateral habenula. In the right hemisphere, the lateral habenula inhibited the ventral caudate and the nucleus accumbens, both of which inhibited the inferior thalamic peduncle, which in turn inhibited the cingulate gyrus. The ventral caudate excited the lateral habenula and the cingulate gyrus, which excited the medial prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, these effective connectivity links varied between males and females, and the left and right hemispheres. Our findings suggest that intrinsic excitatory/inhibitory connections between deep brain stimulation targets are impaired in treatment-resistant depression patients, and that these connections are sex dependent and hemispherically lateralized. This knowledge can help to better understand the underlying mechanisms of treatment-resistant depression, and along with tractography, structural imaging, and other relevant clinical information, may assist to determine the appropriate region for deep brain stimulation therapy in each treatment-resistant depression patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Amiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran 1983969367, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arbabi
- Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine Research Center Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1419733141, Iran
| | - Milad Rahimi
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 1461884513, Iran
| | - Mansour Parvaresh-Rizi
- Neurosurgery Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran 02166509120, Iran
| | - Mehdi M Mirbagheri
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 1461884513, Iran
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Northwestern University, Chicago IL 60611, USA
- Neural Engineering and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tehran 1146733711, Iran
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80
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Buchborn T, Kettner HS, Kärtner L, Meinhardt MW. The ego in psychedelic drug action - ego defenses, ego boundaries, and the therapeutic role of regression. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1232459. [PMID: 37869510 PMCID: PMC10587586 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1232459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ego is one of the most central psychological constructs in psychedelic research and a key factor in psychotherapy, including psychedelic-assisted forms of psychotherapy. Despite its centrality, the ego-construct remains ambiguous in the psychedelic literature. Therefore, we here review the theoretical background of the ego-construct with focus on its psychodynamic conceptualization. We discuss major functions of the ego including ego boundaries, defenses, and synthesis, and evaluate the role of the ego in psychedelic drug action. According to the psycholytic paradigm, psychedelics are capable of inducing regressed states of the ego that are less protected by the ego's usual defensive apparatus. In such states, core early life conflicts may emerge that have led to maladaptive ego patterns. We use the psychodynamic term character in this paper as a potential site of change and rearrangement; character being the chronic and habitual patterns the ego utilizes to adapt to the everyday challenges of life, including a preferred set of defenses. We argue that in order for psychedelic-assisted therapy to successfully induce lasting changes to the ego's habitual patterns, it must psycholytically permeate the characterological core of the habits. The primary working principle of psycholytic therapy therefore is not the state of transient ego regression alone, but rather the regressively favored emotional integration of those early life events that have shaped the foundation, development, and/or rigidification of a person's character - including his or her defense apparatus. Aiming for increased flexibility of habitual ego patterns, the psycholytic approach is generally compatible with other forms of psychedelic-assisted therapy, such as third wave cognitive behavioral approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Buchborn
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannes S. Kettner
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Psychedelics Division, Neuroscape, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Laura Kärtner
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus W. Meinhardt
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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81
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Fateh AA, Huang W, Hassan M, Zhuang Y, Lin J, Luo Y, Yang B, Zeng H. Default mode network connectivity and social dysfunction in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100393. [PMID: 37829190 PMCID: PMC10564936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) negatively affects social functioning; however, its neurological underpinnings remain unclear. Altered Default Mode Network (DMN) connectivity may contribute to social dysfunction in ADHD. We investigated whether DMN's dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) alterations were associated with social dysfunction in individuals with ADHD. Methods Resting-state fMRI was used to examine DMN subsystems (dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dMPFC), medial temporal lobe (MTL)) and the midline core in 40 male ADHD patients (7-10 years) and 45 healthy controls (HCs). Connectivity correlations with symptoms and demographic data were assessed. Group-based analyses compared rsFC between groups with two-sample t-tests and post-hoc analyses. Results Social dysfunction in ADHD patients was related to reduced DMN connectivity, specifically in the MTL subsystem and the midline core. ADHD patients showed decreased dFC between parahippocampal cortex (PHC) and left superior frontal gyrus, and between ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) and right middle frontal gyrus compared to HCs (MTL subsystem). Additionally, decreased dFC between posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), anterior medial prefrontal cortex (aMPFC), and right angular gyrus (midline core) was observed in ADHD patients relative to HCs. No abnormal connectivity was found within the dMPFC. Conclusion Preliminary findings suggest that DMN connectional abnormalities may contribute to social dysfunction in ADHD, providing insights into the disorder's neurobiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ameen Fateh
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Wenxian Huang
- Children's Healthcare and Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Yijiang Zhuang
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Jieqiong Lin
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Binrang Yang
- Children's Healthcare and Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Hongwu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
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Dehdar K, Raoufy MR. Brain structural and functional alterations related to anxiety in allergic asthma. Brain Res Bull 2023; 202:110727. [PMID: 37562517 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are common in patients with allergic asthma, and they can have a significant impact on their quality of life and disease control. Recent studies have suggested that there may be potential immune-brain communication mechanisms in asthma, which can activate inflammatory responses in different brain areas, leading to structural and functional alterations and behavioral changes. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these alterations remain unclear. In this paper, we comprehensively review the relevant research on asthma-induced brain structural and functional alterations that lead to the initiation and promotion of anxiety. We summarize the possible pathways for peripheral inflammation to affect the brain's structure and function. Our review highlights the importance of addressing neuropsychiatric disorders in the clinical guidelines of asthma, to improve the quality of life of these patients. We suggest that a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying psychiatric comorbidities in asthma could lead to the development of more effective treatments for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolsoum Dehdar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Ali DG, Bahrani AA, El Khouli RH, Gold BT, Jiang Y, Zachariou V, Wilcock DM, Jicha GA. White matter hyperintensities influence distal cortical β-amyloid accumulation in default mode network pathways. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3209. [PMID: 37534614 PMCID: PMC10570488 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, the role of SVD in potentially contributing to AD pathology is unclear. The main objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that WMHs influence amyloid β (Aβ) levels within connected default mode network (DMN) tracts and cortical regions in cognitively unimpaired older adults. METHODS Regional standard uptake value ratios (SUVr) from Aβ-PET and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes from three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging FLAIR images were analyzed across a sample of 72 clinically unimpaired (mini-mental state examination ≥26), older adults (mean age 74.96 and standard deviation 8.13) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI3). The association of WMH volumes in major fiber tracts projecting from cortical DMN regions and Aβ-PET SUVr in the connected cortical DMN regions was analyzed using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, ApoE, and total brain volumes. RESULTS The regression analyses demonstrate that increased WMH volumes in the superior longitudinal fasciculus were associated with increased regional SUVr in the inferior parietal lobule (p = .011). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the relation between Aβ in parietal cortex is associated with SVD in downstream white matter (WM) pathways in preclinical AD. The biological relationships and interplay between Aβ and WM microstructure alterations that precede overt WMH development across the continuum of AD progression warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa G. Ali
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Behavioral Science, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Ahmed A. Bahrani
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Neurology, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Riham H. El Khouli
- Department of Radiology, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Brian T. Gold
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Yang Jiang
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Behavioral Science, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Valentinos Zachariou
- Department of Neuroscience, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Donna M. Wilcock
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Physiology, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Gregory A. Jicha
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Behavioral Science, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Neurology, College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
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84
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Ju Y, Wang M, Liu J, Liu B, Yan D, Lu X, Sun J, Dong Q, Zhang L, Guo H, Zhao F, Liao M, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li L. Modulation of resting-state functional connectivity in default mode network is associated with the long-term treatment outcome in major depressive disorder. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5963-5975. [PMID: 36164996 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment non-response and recurrence are the main sources of disease burden in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about its neurobiological mechanism concerning the brain network changes accompanying pharmacotherapy. The present study investigated the changes in the intrinsic brain networks during 6-month antidepressant treatment phase associated with the treatment response and recurrence in MDD. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired from untreated patients with MDD and healthy controls at baseline. The patients' depressive symptoms were monitored by using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD). After 6 months of antidepressant treatment, patients were re-scanned and followed up every 6 months over 2 years. Traditional statistical analysis as well as machine learning approaches were conducted to investigate the longitudinal changes in macro-scale resting-state functional network connectivity (rsFNC) strength and micro-scale resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) associated with long-term treatment outcome in MDD. RESULTS Repeated measures of the general linear model demonstrated a significant difference in the default mode network (DMN) rsFNC change before and after the 6-month antidepressant treatment between remitters and non-remitters. The difference in the rsFNC change over the 6-month antidepressant treatment between recurring and stable MDD was also specific to DMN. Machine learning analysis results revealed that only the DMN rsFC change successfully distinguished non-remitters from the remitters at 6 months and recurring from stable MDD during the 2-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that the intrinsic DMN connectivity could be a unique and important target for treatment and recurrence prevention in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bangshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Danfeng Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaowen Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jinrong Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qiangli Dong
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan 463000, China
| | - Futao Zhao
- Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan 463000, China
| | - Mei Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Lingjiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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Sun Y, Zhang M, Saggar M. Cross-attractor modeling of resting-state functional connectivity in psychiatric disorders. Neuroimage 2023; 279:120302. [PMID: 37579998 PMCID: PMC10515743 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is altered across various psychiatric disorders. Brain network modeling (BNM) has the potential to reveal the neurobiological underpinnings of such abnormalities by dynamically modeling the structure-function relationship and examining biologically relevant parameters after fitting the models with real data. Although innovative BNM approaches have been developed, two main issues need to be further addressed. First, previous BNM approaches are primarily limited to simulating noise-driven dynamics near a chosen attractor (or a stable brain state). An alternative approach is to examine multi(or cross)-attractor dynamics, which can be used to better capture non-stationarity and switching between states in the resting brain. Second, previous BNM work is limited to characterizing one disorder at a time. Given the large degree of co-morbidity across psychiatric disorders, comparing BNMs across disorders might provide a novel avenue to generate insights regarding the dynamical features that are common across (vs. specific to) disorders. Here, we address these issues by (1) examining the layout of the attractor repertoire over the entire multi-attractor landscape using a recently developed cross-attractor BNM approach; and (2) characterizing and comparing multiple disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar, and ADHD) with healthy controls using an openly available and moderately large multimodal dataset from the UCLA Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics. Both global and local differences were observed across disorders. Specifically, the global coupling between regions was significantly decreased in schizophrenia patients relative to healthy controls. At the same time, the ratio between local excitation and inhibition was significantly higher in the schizophrenia group than the ADHD group. In line with these results, the schizophrenia group had the lowest switching costs (energy gaps) across groups for several networks including the default mode network. Paired comparison also showed that schizophrenia patients had significantly lower energy gaps than healthy controls for the somatomotor and visual networks. Overall, this study provides preliminary evidence supporting transdiagnostic multi-attractor BNM approaches to better understand psychiatric disorders' pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinming Sun
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Mengsen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Manish Saggar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
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Spencer C, Vannest J, Preston JL, Maas E, Sizemore ER, McAllister T, Whalen DH, Maloney T, Boyce S. Neural Changes in Children With Residual Speech Sound Disorder After Ultrasound Biofeedback Speech Therapy. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2023; 66:3223-3241. [PMID: 37524116 PMCID: PMC10558148 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-22-00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Children with residual speech sound disorders (RSSD) have shown differences in neural function for speech production, as compared to their typical peers; however, information about how these differences may change over time and relative to speech therapy is needed. To address this gap, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine functional activation and connectivity on adaptations of the syllable repetition task (SRT-Early Sounds and SRT-Late Sounds) in children with RSSD before and after a speech therapy program. METHOD Sixteen children with RSSD completed an fMRI experiment before (Time 1) and after (Time 2) a speech therapy program with ultrasound visual feedback for /ɹ/ misarticulation. Progress in therapy was measured via perceptual ratings of productions of untreated /ɹ/ word probes. To control for practice effects and developmental change in patterns of activation and connectivity, 17 children with typical speech development (TD) completed the fMRI at Time 1 and Time 2. Functional activation was analyzed using a region-of-interest approach and functional connectivity was analyzed using a seed-to-voxel approach. RESULTS Children with RSSD showed a range of responses to therapy. After correcting for multiple comparisons, we did not observe any statistically significant cross-sectional differences or longitudinal changes in functional activation. A negative relationship between therapy effect size and functional activation in the left visual association cortex was on the SRT-Late Sounds after therapy, but it did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Significant longitudinal changes in functional connectivity were observed for the RSSD group on SRT-Early Sounds and SRT-Late Sounds, as well as for the TD group on the SRT-Early Sounds. RSSD and TD groups showed connectivity differences near the left insula on the SRT-Late Sounds at Time 2. CONCLUSION RSSD and treatment with ultrasound visual feedback may thus be associated with neural differences in speech motor and visual association processes recruited for speech production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Spencer
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
| | - Jennifer Vannest
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jonathan L. Preston
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, NY
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT
| | - Edwin Maas
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Erin Redle Sizemore
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Mt. Joseph University, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Tara McAllister
- Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, New York University, NY
| | - D. H. Whalen
- Program in Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, City University of New York, NY
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT
- Department of Linguistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Suzanne Boyce
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, OH
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87
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Fulford D, Holt DJ. Social Withdrawal, Loneliness, and Health in Schizophrenia: Psychological and Neural Mechanisms. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:1138-1149. [PMID: 37419082 PMCID: PMC10483452 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Some of the most debilitating aspects of schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses (SMI) are the impairments in social perception, motivation, and behavior that frequently accompany these conditions. These impairments may ultimately lead to chronic social disconnection (ie, social withdrawal, objective isolation, and perceived social isolation or loneliness), which may contribute to the poor cardiometabolic health and early mortality commonly observed in SMI. However, the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms underlying relationships between impairments in social perception and motivation and social isolation and loneliness in SMI remain incompletely understood. STUDY DESIGN A narrative, selective review of studies on social withdrawal, isolation, loneliness, and health in SMI. STUDY RESULTS We describe some of what is known and hypothesized about the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of social disconnection in the general population, and how these mechanisms may contribute to social isolation and loneliness, and their consequences, in individuals with SMI. CONCLUSIONS A synthesis of evolutionary and cognitive theories with the "social homeostasis" model of social isolation and loneliness represents one testable framework for understanding the dynamic cognitive and biological correlates, as well as the health consequences, of social disconnection in SMI. The development of such an understanding may provide the basis for novel approaches for preventing or treating both functional disability and poor physical health that diminish the quality and length of life for many individuals with these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fulford
- Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daphne J Holt
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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88
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de Zoete RMJ, McMahon KL, Coombes JS, Sterling M. The effects of physical exercise on structural, functional, and biochemical brain characteristics in individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorder: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Pain Pract 2023; 23:759-775. [PMID: 37157897 DOI: 10.1111/papr.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise for people with whiplash associated disorder (WAD) induces hypoalgesic effects in some, but hyperalgesic effects in others. We investigated the exercise-induced neurobiological effects of aerobic and strengthening exercise in individuals with chronic WAD. METHODS Sixteen participants (8 WAD, 8 pain-free [CON]) were randomised to either aerobic or strengthening exercise. MRI for brain morphometry, functional MRI for brain connectivity, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy for brain biochemistry, were used at baseline and after the 8-week intervention. RESULTS There were no differences in brain changes between exercise groups in either the WAD or CON group, therefore aerobic and strengthening data were combined to optimise sample size. After the exercise intervention, the CON group demonstrated increased cortical thickness (left parahippocampus: mean difference = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.07-0.00, p = 0.032; and left lateral orbital frontal cortex: mean difference = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.00-0.06, p = 0.048). The WAD group demonstrated an increase in prefrontal cortex (right medial orbital frontal) volume (mean difference = 95.57, 95% CI = 2.30-192.84, p = 0.046). Functional changes from baseline to follow-up between the default mode network and the insula, cingulate cortex, temporal lobe, and somatosensory and motor cortices, were found in the CON group, but not in the WAD group. There were no changes post-exercise in brain biochemistry. CONCLUSION Aerobic and strengthening exercises did not exert differential effects on brain characteristics, however differences in structural and functional changes were found between WAD and CON groups. This suggests that an altered central pain modulatory response may be responsible for differential effects of exercise in individuals with chronic WAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger M J de Zoete
- Recover Injury Research Centre, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Recovery Following Road Traffic Injuries, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Allied Health Science and Practice, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Katie L McMahon
- Herston Imaging Research Facility, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeff S Coombes
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michele Sterling
- Recover Injury Research Centre, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Recovery Following Road Traffic Injuries, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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89
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Alwood JS, Mulavara AP, Iyer J, Mhatre SD, Rosi S, Shelhamer M, Davis C, Jones CW, Mao XW, Desai RI, Whitmire AM, Williams TJ. Circuits and Biomarkers of the Central Nervous System Relating to Astronaut Performance: Summary Report for a NASA-Sponsored Technical Interchange Meeting. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1852. [PMID: 37763256 PMCID: PMC10532466 DOI: 10.3390/life13091852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers, ranging from molecules to behavior, can be used to identify thresholds beyond which performance of mission tasks may be compromised and could potentially trigger the activation of countermeasures. Identification of homologous brain regions and/or neural circuits related to operational performance may allow for translational studies between species. Three discussion groups were directed to use operationally relevant performance tasks as a driver when identifying biomarkers and brain regions or circuits for selected constructs. Here we summarize small-group discussions in tables of circuits and biomarkers categorized by (a) sensorimotor, (b) behavioral medicine and (c) integrated approaches (e.g., physiological responses). In total, hundreds of biomarkers have been identified and are summarized herein by the respective group leads. We hope the meeting proceedings become a rich resource for NASA's Human Research Program (HRP) and the community of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janani Iyer
- Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | | | - Susanna Rosi
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Mark Shelhamer
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Catherine Davis
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiao Wen Mao
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Rajeev I. Desai
- Integrative Neurochemistry Laboratory, Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
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Menon V. 20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis. Neuron 2023; 111:2469-2487. [PMID: 37167968 PMCID: PMC10524518 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the default mode network (DMN) has revolutionized our understanding of the workings of the human brain. Here, I review developments that led to the discovery of the DMN, offer a personal reflection, and consider how our ideas of DMN function have evolved over the past two decades. I summarize literature examining the role of the DMN in self-reference, social cognition, episodic and autobiographical memory, language and semantic memory, and mind wandering. I identify unifying themes and propose new perspectives on the DMN's role in human cognition. I argue that the DMN integrates and broadcasts memory, language, and semantic representations to create a coherent "internal narrative" reflecting our individual experiences. This narrative is central to the construction of a sense of self, shapes how we perceive ourselves and interact with others, may have ontogenetic origins in self-directed speech during childhood, and forms a vital component of human consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Menon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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91
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Tabibnia G, Ghahremani DG, Pochon JBF, Diaz MP, London ED. Negative affect and craving during abstinence from smoking are both linked to default mode network connectivity. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 249:109919. [PMID: 37270935 PMCID: PMC10516582 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative affect and craving during abstinence from cigarettes predict resumption of smoking. Therefore, understanding their neural substrates may guide development of new interventions. Negative affect and craving have traditionally been linked to functions of the brain's threat and reward networks, respectively. However, given the role of default mode network (DMN), particularly the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), in self-related thought, we examined whether DMN activity underlies both craving and negative affective states in adults who smoke. METHODS 46 adults who smoke abstained from smoking overnight and underwent resting-state fMRI, after self-reporting their psychological symptoms (negative affect) and craving on the Shiffman-Jarvik Withdrawal Scale and state anxiety (negative affect) on the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Within-DMN functional connectivity using 3 different anterior PCC seeds was tested for correlations with self-report measures. Additionally, independent component analysis with dual regression was performed to measure associations of self-report with whole-brain connectivity of the DMN component. RESULTS Craving correlated positively with connectivity of all three anterior PCC seeds with posterior PCC clusters (pcorr<0.04). The measures of negative affective states correlated positively with connectivity of the DMN component to various brain regions, including posterior PCC (pcorr=0.02) and striatum (pcorr<0.008). Craving and state anxiety were correlated with connectivity of an overlapping region of PCC (pcorr=0.003). Unlike the state measures, nicotine dependence and trait anxiety were not associated with PCC connectivity within DMN. CONCLUSIONS Although negative affect and craving are distinct subjective states, they appear to share a common neural pathway within the DMN, particularly involving the PCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Tabibnia
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Dara G Ghahremani
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste F Pochon
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maylen Perez Diaz
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edythe D London
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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92
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Bouchard AE, Renauld E, Fecteau S. Changes in resting-state functional MRI connectivity during and after transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy adults. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1229618. [PMID: 37545594 PMCID: PMC10398567 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1229618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at rest can influence behaviors. However, its mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study examined the effect of a single session of tDCS over the bilateral DLPFC on resting-state functional connectivity using fMRI (rs-fcMRI) during and after stimulation in healthy adults. We also investigated whether baseline rs-fcMRI predicted tDCS-induced changes in rs-fcMRI. Methods This was a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind, crossover study. We delivered tDCS for 30 min at 1 mA with the anode and cathode over the left and right DLPFC, respectively. We used seed-based analyses to measure tDCS-induced effects on whole-brain rs-fcMRI using a 3 (before, during, after stimulation) × 2 (active, sham stimulation) ANOVA. Results There were four significant Time × Stimulation interactions on the connectivity scores with the left DLPFC seed (under the anode electrode) and no interactions for the right DLPFC seed (under the cathode electrode). tDCS changed rs-fcMRI between the left DLPFC seed and parieto-occipital, parietal, parieto-occipitotemporal, and frontal clusters during and after stimulation, as compared to sham. Furthermore, rs-fcMRI prior to stimulation predicted some of these tDCS-induced changes in rs-fcMRI during and after stimulation. For instance, rs-fcMRI of the fronto-parietooccipital network predicted changes observed after active stimulation, rs-fcMRI of the fronto-parietal network predicted changes during active stimulation, whereas rs-fcMRI of the fronto-parieto-occipitotemporal and the frontal networks predicted changes both during and after active stimulation. Discussion Our findings reveal that tDCS modulated rs-fcMRI both during and after stimulation mainly in regions distal, but also in those proximal to the area under the anode electrode, which were predicted by rs-fcMRI prior to tDCS. It might be worth considering rs-fcMRI to optimize response to tDCS.
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93
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Zheng R, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Zhou B, Han S, Wei Y, Wang C, Cheng J. Abnormal voxel-wise whole-brain functional connectivity in first-episode, drug-naïve adolescents with major depression disorder. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:1317-1327. [PMID: 35318540 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-01959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Major depression disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Previous studies have demonstrated structural and functional abnormalities in adult depression. However, the neurobiology of adolescent depression has not been fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the intrinsic dysconnectivity pattern of voxel-level whole-brain functional networks in first-episode, drug-naïve adolescents with MDD. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 66 depressed adolescents and 47 matched healthy controls. Voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) analysis was performed to identify voxels that showed altered whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) with other voxels. We further conducted seed-based FC analysis to investigate in more detail the connectivity patterns of the identified DC changes. The relationship between altered DC and clinical variables in depressed adolescents was also analyzed. Compared with controls, depressed adolescents showed lower DC in the bilateral hippocampus, left superior temporal gyrus and right insula. Seed-based analysis revealed that depressed adolescents, relative to controls, showed hypoconnectivity between the hippocampus to the medial prefrontal regions and right precuneus. Furthermore, the DC values in the bilateral hippocampus were correlated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score and duration of disease (all P < 0.05, false discovery rate corrected). Our study indicates abnormal intrinsic dysconnectivity patterns of whole-brain functional networks in drug-naïve, first-episode adolescents with MDD, and abnormal DC in the hippocampus may affect the association of prefrontal-hippocampus circuit. These findings may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of adolescent-onset MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Zheng
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yarui Wei
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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94
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Kim J, Andrews-Hanna JR, Eisenbarth H, Lux BK, Kim HJ, Lee E, Lindquist MA, Losin EAR, Wager TD, Woo CW. A dorsomedial prefrontal cortex-based dynamic functional connectivity model of rumination. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3540. [PMID: 37321986 PMCID: PMC10272121 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rumination is a cognitive style characterized by repetitive thoughts about one's negative internal states and is a common symptom of depression. Previous studies have linked trait rumination to alterations in the default mode network, but predictive brain markers of rumination are lacking. Here, we adopt a predictive modeling approach to develop a neuroimaging marker of rumination based on the variance of dynamic resting-state functional connectivity and test it across 5 diverse subclinical and clinical samples (total n = 288). A whole-brain marker based on dynamic connectivity with the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) emerges as generalizable across the subclinical datasets. A refined marker consisting of the most important features from a virtual lesion analysis further predicts depression scores of adults with major depressive disorder (n = 35). This study highlights the role of the dmPFC in trait rumination and provides a dynamic functional connectivity marker for rumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwoo Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jessica R Andrews-Hanna
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Cognitive Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hedwig Eisenbarth
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Byeol Kim Lux
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Hong Ji Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Lee
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Martin A Lindquist
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Reynolds Losin
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Tor D Wager
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Choong-Wan Woo
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
- Life-inspired Neural Network for Prediction and Optimization Research Group, Suwon, South Korea.
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95
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Guo Y, Xia Y, Chen K. The body mass index is associated with increased temporal variability of functional connectivity in brain reward system. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1210726. [PMID: 37388634 PMCID: PMC10300418 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1210726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The reward system has been proven to be contributed to the vulnerability of obesity. Previous fMRI studies have shown abnormal functional connectivity of the reward system in obesity. However, most studies were based on static index such as resting-state functional connectivity (FC), ignoring the dynamic changes over time. To investigate the dynamic neural correlates of obesity susceptibility, we used a large, demographically well-characterized sample from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to determine the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with the temporal variability of FC from integrated multilevel perspectives, i.e., regional and within- and between-network levels. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between BMI and temporal variability of FC, adjusting for covariates of no interest. We found that BMI was positively associated with regional FC variability in reward regions, such as the ventral orbitofrontal cortex and visual regions. At the intra-network level, BMI was positively related to the variability of FC within the limbic network (LN) and default mode network (DMN). At the inter-network level, variability of connectivity of LN with DMN, frontoparietal, sensorimotor, and ventral attention networks showed positive correlations with BMI. These findings provided novel evidence for abnormal dynamic functional interaction between the reward network and the rest of the brain in obesity, suggesting a more unstable state and over-frequent interaction of the reward network and other attention and cognitive networks. These findings, thus, provide novel insight into obesity interventions that need to decrease the dynamic interaction between reward networks and other brain networks through behavioral treatment and neural modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Guo
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxiao Xia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
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Motzkin JC, Kanungo I, D’Esposito M, Shirvalkar P. Network targets for therapeutic brain stimulation: towards personalized therapy for pain. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1156108. [PMID: 37363755 PMCID: PMC10286871 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1156108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision neuromodulation of central brain circuits is a promising emerging therapeutic modality for a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. Reliably identifying in whom, where, and in what context to provide brain stimulation for optimal pain relief are fundamental challenges limiting the widespread implementation of central neuromodulation treatments for chronic pain. Current approaches to brain stimulation target empirically derived regions of interest to the disorder or targets with strong connections to these regions. However, complex, multidimensional experiences like chronic pain are more closely linked to patterns of coordinated activity across distributed large-scale functional networks. Recent advances in precision network neuroscience indicate that these networks are highly variable in their neuroanatomical organization across individuals. Here we review accumulating evidence that variable central representations of pain will likely pose a major barrier to implementation of population-derived analgesic brain stimulation targets. We propose network-level estimates as a more valid, robust, and reliable way to stratify personalized candidate regions. Finally, we review key background, methods, and implications for developing network topology-informed brain stimulation targets for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C. Motzkin
- Departments of Neurology and Anesthesia and Perioperative Care (Pain Management), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ishan Kanungo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mark D’Esposito
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Prasad Shirvalkar
- Departments of Neurology and Anesthesia and Perioperative Care (Pain Management), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Sodré ME, Wießner I, Irfan M, Schenck CH, Mota-Rolim SA. Awake or Sleeping? Maybe Both… A Review of Sleep-Related Dissociative States. J Clin Med 2023; 12:3876. [PMID: 37373570 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12123876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have begun to understand sleep not only as a whole-brain process but also as a complex local phenomenon controlled by specific neurotransmitters that act in different neural networks, which is called "local sleep". Moreover, the basic states of human consciousness-wakefulness, sleep onset (N1), light sleep (N2), deep sleep (N3), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep-can concurrently appear, which may result in different sleep-related dissociative states. In this article, we classify these sleep-related dissociative states into physiological, pathological, and altered states of consciousness. Physiological states are daydreaming, lucid dreaming, and false awakenings. Pathological states include sleep paralysis, sleepwalking, and REM sleep behavior disorder. Altered states are hypnosis, anesthesia, and psychedelics. We review the neurophysiology and phenomenology of these sleep-related dissociative states of consciousness and update them with recent studies. We conclude that these sleep-related dissociative states have a significant basic and clinical impact since their study contributes to the understanding of consciousness and the proper treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Wießner
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Muna Irfan
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Carlos H Schenck
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sergio A Mota-Rolim
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
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98
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Yu R, Han B, Wu X, Wei G, Zhang J, Ding M, Wen X. Dual-functional network regulation underlies the central executive system in working memory. Neuroscience 2023:S0306-4522(23)00245-2. [PMID: 37286158 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The frontoparietal network (FPN) and cingulo-opercular network (CON) may exert top-down regulation corresponding to the central executive system (CES) in working memory (WM); however, contributions and regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. We examined network interaction mechanisms underpinning the CES by depicting CON- and FPN-mediated whole-brain information flow in WM. We used datasets from participants performing verbal and spatial working memory tasks, divided into encoding, maintenance, and probe stages. We used general linear models to obtain task-activated CON and FPN nodes to define regions of interest (ROI); an online meta-analysis defined alternative ROIs for validation. We calculated whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) maps seeded by CON and FPN nodes at each stage using beta sequence analysis. We used Granger causality analysis to obtain the connectivity maps and assess task-level information flow patterns. For verbal working memory, the CON functionally connected positively and negatively to task-dependent and task-independent networks, respectively, at all stages. FPN FC patterns were similar only in the encoding and maintenance stages. The CON elicited stronger task-level outputs. Main effects were: stable CON→FPN, CON→DMN, CON→visual areas, FPN→visual areas, and phonological areas→FPN. The CON and FPN both up-regulated task-dependent and down-regulated task-independent networks during encoding and probing. Task-level output was slightly stronger for the CON. CON→FPN, CON→DMN, visual areas→CON, and visual areas→FPN showed consistent effects. The CON and FPN might together underlie the CES's neural basis and achieve top-down regulation through information interaction with other large-scale functional networks, and the CON may be a higher-level regulatory core in WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renshu Yu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872; Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872
| | - Bukui Han
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872; Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872
| | - Xia Wu
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, 100093
| | - Guodong Wei
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872; Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872; Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872
| | - Mingzhou Ding
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA, 32611
| | - Xiaotong Wen
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872; Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, 100872; Interdisciplinary Platform of Philosophy and Cognitive Science, Renmin University of China, China, 100872.
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99
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Moe AM, Phan KL, Fournier JCJ, Jimmy J, Gorka SM. Neural reactivity to neutral and aversive stimuli: Evidence for altered precuneus function in internalizing psychopathologies. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 331:111618. [PMID: 36965408 PMCID: PMC10203976 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with internalizing psychopathologies (IPs) demonstrate a negativity bias in emotion and self-related processing that contributes to negative interpretation of neutral information. However, most neuroimaging studies of emotional experience in IPs do not specifically investigate reactivity to neutral stimuli. Thus, little is known about the neural processes underlying emotional experience for neutral stimuli and how those processes may differ between groups and during neutral versus negative stimuli. To address this gap, we asked: (1) does neural reactivity to neutral and negative stimuli differ between IPs and control groups in brain regions associated with emotional and self-referential processing, and (2) does neural activity during neutral condition relate to clinical symptoms? Adults with IPs (n = 103) and healthy volunteers (HVs; n = 40) completed a well-validated fMRI task probing neural responses to neutral and negative images. A flexible factorial model revealed a significant group-by-condition interaction, such that individuals with IPs had less precuneus activation during the neutral condition relative to HVs. In IPs, precuneus activation during the neutral condition was negatively correlated with depression symptom severity. Individuals with IPs demonstrate abnormal precuneus reactivity to neutral stimuli that is associated with depression symptoms. This may reflect altered default mode network activity and/or self-referential processing in IPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubrey M Moe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - K Luan Phan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jay C J Fournier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jagan Jimmy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephanie M Gorka
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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100
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Torrealba E, Aguilar-Zerpa N, Garcia-Morales P, Díaz M. Compensatory Mechanisms in Early Alzheimer's Disease and Clinical Setting: The Need for Novel Neuropsychological Strategies. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:513-525. [PMID: 37313485 PMCID: PMC10259077 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the detection of biomarkers and in the design of drugs that can slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the underlying primary mechanisms have not been elucidated. The diagnosis of AD has notably improved with the development of neuroimaging techniques and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers which have provided new information not available in the past. Although the diagnosis has advanced, there is a consensus among experts that, when making the diagnosis in a specific patient, many years have probably passed since the onset of the underlying processes, and it is very likely that the biomarkers in use and their cutoffs do not reflect the true critical points for establishing the precise stage of the ongoing disease. In this context, frequent disparities between current biomarkers and cognitive and functional performance in clinical practice constitute a major drawback in translational neurology. To our knowledge, the In-Out-test is the only neuropsychological test developed with the idea that compensatory brain mechanisms exist in the early stages of AD, and whose positive effects on conventional tests performance can be reduced in assessing episodic memory in the context of a dual-task, through which the executive auxiliary networks are 'distracted', thus uncover the real memory deficit. Furthermore, as additional traits, age and formal education have no impact on the performance of the In-Out-test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Torrealba
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Palmas De Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Norka Aguilar-Zerpa
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Pilar Garcia-Morales
- Department of Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Mario Díaz
- Department of Physics, University of La Laguna, Membrane Physiology and Biophysics, Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias (IUNE), Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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