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Morales-Ghinaglia N, Fernandez-Mendoza J. Sleep variability and regularity as contributors to obesity and cardiometabolic health in adolescence. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:597-614. [PMID: 36754840 PMCID: PMC9975080 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescence is a developmental stage of critical changes in sleep and its circadian timing when the contribution of abnormal sleep variability (amount) and sleep regularity (timing) to obesity and its associated adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes appears to increase. The aim of this study was to summarize findings from studies conducted in adolescents examining both sleep variability and regularity in relation to obesity and cardiometabolic health. Gaps in research and potential causal pathways that future studies should examine are highlighted. RESULTS Nightly deviations in sleep duration and sleep midpoint appear to contribute to the development of obesity and associated adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in youth. Studies show that increased sleep variability and irregularity are associated with obesity, decreased physical activity, dysregulated eating and inadequate diet, metabolic dysfunction, impaired cardiac autonomic balance, and elevated blood pressure in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS A stable circadian timing of sleep is essential to the overall physical well-being of youth. Emerging evidence supports that sleep variability and circadian misalignment, including sleep irregularity, contribute to adverse obesity-related health outcomes early on in adolescence. Future studies should focus on the underlying behavioral and biological mechanisms in the causal pathway between day-to-day deviations in the amount and timing of sleep and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Morales-Ghinaglia
- Sleep Research & Treatment Center, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - Julio Fernandez-Mendoza
- Sleep Research & Treatment Center, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
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52
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Li H, Yang B. Forgiving lark, resentful owl: Self-control mediates the relationship between chronotype and forgiveness. Chronobiol Int 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36847217 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2185151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Considerable evidence shows that nocturnal chronotypes have increased odds of mental health problems, poor academic performance, and impairment in executive functions. Although the cognitive and health costs of evening-oriented preference are well-documented in the literature, little is known about its interpersonal costs. In this article, we propose that people with a preference for an evening chronotype show a lower tendency to forgive following an interpersonal offense because of their lower self-control ability. Three studies using independent samples and complementary measures reveal that morning-evening preference plays a role in the emergence of forgiveness, which provides support for our theoretical perspective. In Study 1, we found that evening-type students were less forgiving when responding to a transgression than morning-type students. Employing a longer measure of forgiveness and a more representative population, Study 2 replicated our initial findings and supported our hypothesis regarding the mediating role of self-control. To circumvent methodological issues associated with self-report data, Study 3 used a behavioral measure of forgiveness and revealed that chronotype can also predict actual forgiving behavior in a laboratory setting. Together, these findings suggest that diurnal preference towards eveningness not only imposes threats on people's health, but can also incur interpersonal costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Center for Linguistics, Literary & Cultural Studies, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Foreign Languages, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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53
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Ekiz Erim S, Sert H. The relationship between chronotype and obesity: A systematic review. Chronobiol Int 2023:1-13. [PMID: 36803075 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2180385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Referring to the hours during a day when a person's physical and cognitive functions are active, the chronotype indicates the differences in individual preferences in sleep timing and other behaviors. The fact that the evening chronotype has been associated with adverse health outcomes has raised the issue of relationship between chronotype and obesity. This study aims to synthesize the evidence regarding the relationship between chronotype and obesity. As part of the study, the PubMed, OVID-LWW, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE Complete, Cochrane Library and ULAKBIM databases were screened for the articles published between January 01, 2010 and December 31, 2020. The quality of each study was assessed independently by the two researchers using the "Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies." Upon evaluating the screening results, a total of seven studies, one of high quality and six of medium quality, were included in the systematic review. The rate of the minor allele (C) genes, which have been associated with obesity, and SIRT1-CLOCK genes, which have an additional effect in favor of resistance against weight loss, is higher in individuals of evening chronotype, and such individuals have been observed to have significantly higher resistance to weight loss. The evening chronotype individuals have been associated with a higher homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) value, higher plasma ghrelin levels, and a tendency toward a higher body mass index (BMI). The evening chronotypes have been reported to adhere less to a healthy diet and have more unhealthy behaviors and eating patterns. A diet adjusted to the chronotype has been seen to be more effective than conventional hypocaloric diet therapy in terms of anthropometric parameters. Most people who eat their main meals late are of evening chronotype, and such people have been determined to lose significantly less weight than those who eat early. It has been shown that bariatric surgery is less effective in weight loss in evening chronotype patients than in morning chronotype patients. The evening chronotypes are less successful in adapting to weight loss treatments and long-term weight control than the morning chronotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seçil Ekiz Erim
- Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Sakarya University, Serdivan, Turkey
| | - Havva Sert
- Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Sakarya University, Serdivan, Turkey
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Eysenbach G, Leung T, Yamamoto T, Fujisawa TX, Hanaie R, Hirata I, Matsumoto S, Mohri I, Taniike M. Improving Children's Sleep Habits Using an Interactive Smartphone App: Community-Based Intervention Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2023; 11:e40836. [PMID: 36641237 PMCID: PMC9960041 DOI: 10.2196/40836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep problems are quite common among young children and are often a challenge for parents and a hinderance to children's development. Although behavioral therapy has proven effective in reducing sleep problems in children, a lack of access to professionals who can provide effective support is a major barrier for many caregivers. Therefore, pediatric sleep experts have begun developing apps and web-based services for caregivers. Despite the substantial influence of cultural and familial factors on children's sleep, little effort has gone into developing cultural or family-tailored interventions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the interactive smartphone app "Nenne Navi," which provides culturally and family-tailored suggestions for improving sleep habits in young Japanese children through community-based long-term trials. The study also aimed to investigate the association between app-driven improvements in sleep and mental development in children. METHODS This study adopted a community-based approach to recruit individuals from the Higashi-Osaka city (Japan) who met ≥1 of the following eligibility criteria for sleep problems: sleeping after 10 PM, getting <9 hours of nighttime sleep, and experiencing frequent nighttime awakenings. A total of 87 Japanese caregivers with young children (mean 19.50, SD 0.70 months) were recruited and assigned to the app use group (intervention group) or the video-only group (control group). Both groups received educational video content regarding sleep health literacy. The caregivers in the intervention group used the app, which provides family-tailored suggestions, once per month for 1 year. RESULTS A total of 92% (33/36) of the caregivers in the app use group completed 1 year of the intervention. The participants' overall evaluation of the app was positive. The wake-up time was advanced (base mean 8:06 AM; post mean 7:48 AM; F1,65=6.769; P=.01 and sleep onset latency was decreased (base mean 34.45 minutes; post mean 20.05 minutes; F1,65=23.219; P<.001) significantly in the app use group at the 13th month compared with the video-only group. Moreover, multiple regression analysis showed that decreased social jetlag (β=-0.302; P=.03) and increased sleep onset latency SD (β=.426; P=.02) in children predicted a significant enhancement in the development of social relationships with adults. At 6 months after the completion of the app use, all the caregivers reported continuation of the new lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that the app "Nenne Navi" has high continuity in community use and can improve sleep habits in young Japanese children and that interventions for sleep habits of young children may lead to the enhancement of children's social development. Future studies must focus on the effectiveness of the app in other regions with different regional characteristics and neuroscientific investigations on how changes in sleep impact brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomoka Yamamoto
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi X Fujisawa
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan.,United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Hanaie
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ikuko Hirata
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Ikuko Mohri
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masako Taniike
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Xu L, Xu G, Han F. Understanding the link between sleep and health using metabolomics. Sleep 2023; 46:6811503. [PMID: 36346440 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liyue Xu
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Han
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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56
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Sleep Variability in UK Long Distance Heavy Goods Vehicle Drivers. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:67-73. [PMID: 36608152 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep variability levels are unknown in heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers yet are associated with adverse health outcomes and reduced driver vigilance when high. METHODS Two hundred and thirty-three HGV drivers recruited across 25 UK depots provided sleep variability, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency data via wrist-worn accelerometry (GENEActiv) over 8 days. Sleep variability indicators included social jetlag (the difference in midpoint of the sleep window between work and nonworkdays) and intraindividual variability of sleep window onset time, out-of-bed time, and sleep duration. RESULTS Fifty-three percent of drivers experienced social jetlag (≥1 hour), and 27% experienced high (>2 hours) social jetlag. Drivers with the highest sleep variability had the shortest sleep duration and lowest sleep efficiency during workdays. CONCLUSIONS Drivers with high sleep variability may experience more fatigue when driving given the poor sleep outcomes during workdays observed.
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Johnson DA, Cheng P, FarrHenderson M, Knutson K. Understanding the determinants of circadian health disparities and cardiovascular disease. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:83-90. [PMID: 34547974 PMCID: PMC8934749 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1966026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Emerging research suggests that sleep contributes to racial disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Racial/ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by poor cardiovascular outcomes including obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Although circadian rhythms affect sleep patterns, few studies have examined disparities in circadian health or the contribution of circadian disparities to CVD. In this paper, we provide an overview of the relation between circadian health and CVD in the context of health disparities. We discuss (1) the current knowledge on racial disparities in circadian health; (2) social and environmental determinants of circadian health disparities; (3) the cardiovascular consequences of circadian disparities; and (4) future opportunities to advance the field of circadian disparities. In brief, our findings demonstrated that among a small literature, racial minorities (mainly African American) were more likely to have a shorter circadian period, delayed phase shifts, and were more likely to be shift workers, which are associated with CVD risk factors. Given racial minorities are disproportionately affected by CVD and CVD risk factors, it is important to further understand circadian health as an intervention target and support more research among racial minorities to understand circadian health in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayna A. Johnson
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip Cheng
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, 39450 W 12 Mile Road, Detroit MI 48197 USA
| | - Maya FarrHenderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kristen Knutson
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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58
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Zhang C, Qin G. Irregular sleep and cardiometabolic risk: Clinical evidence and mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1059257. [PMID: 36873401 PMCID: PMC9981680 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1059257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep regularity is an essential part of the multidimensional sleep health framework. The phenomenon of irregular sleep patterns is widespread in contemporary lifestyles. This review synthesizes clinical evidence to summarize the measures of sleep regularity and discusses the role of different sleep regularity indicators in developing cardiometabolic diseases (coronary heart disease, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes). Existing literature has proposed several measurements to assess sleep regularity, mainly including the standard deviation (SD) of sleep duration and timing, sleep regularity index (SRI), interdaily stability (IS), and social jetlag (SJL). Evidence on associations between sleep variability and cardiometabolic diseases varies depending on the measure used to characterize variability in sleep. Current studies have identified a robust association between SRI and cardiometabolic diseases. In comparison, the association between other metrics of sleep regularity and cardiometabolic diseases was mixed. Meanwhile, the associations of sleep variability with cardiometabolic diseases differ across the population. SD of sleep characteristics or IS may be more consistently associated with HbA1c in patients with diabetes compared with the general population. The association between SJL and hypertension for patients with diabetes was more accordant than in the general population. Interestingly, the age-stratified association between SJL and metabolic factors was observed in the present studies. Furthermore, the relevant literature was reviewed to generalize the potential mechanisms through which irregular sleep increases cardiometabolic risk, including circadian dysfunction, inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disorder, and gut dysbiosis. Health-related practitioners should give more attention to the role of sleep regularity on human cardiometabolic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Zhang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gang Qin
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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59
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Akkaya C, Karadag M, Hangul Z, Sahin E, Isbilen E. Evaluation of the Regulatory Role of Circadian Rhythm Related Long Non-Coding RNAs in ADHD Etiogenesis. J Atten Disord 2023; 27:201-213. [PMID: 36254757 DOI: 10.1177/10870547221130113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ADHD is associated with increased sleep problems and circadian rhythm disturbances. This study aimed to examine ADHD patients and healthy controls in terms of chronotypic features and expression levels of CLOCK, PER1, lncRNA HULC, lncRNA UCA1. METHOD Eighty-three children were included (43 ADHD). Conner's Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short Form, Childhood Chronotype Questionnaire, Children's Sleep Disorders Scale were administered. Gene expression levels were studied from peripheral blood. RESULTS Evening chronotype, sleep initiation/maintenance disorder, sleep-wake transition disorder, excessive sleepiness disorder were higher in the ADHD group compared to the controls in the scales reported by the parents. Expression levels of all examined genes were statistically significantly higher in the ADHD group. There was no significant relationship between genes and sleep parameters in the ADHD group. CONCLUSION Our study provides the first evidence that lncRNA HULC and lncRNA UCA1 might have a role in the etiology of ADHD.
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60
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Nishimura K, Tamari Y, Yamaguchi H, Onodera S, Nagasaki K. Examination of sleep factors affecting social jetlag in Japanese male college students. Chronobiol Int 2022; 40:192-198. [PMID: 36537169 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2158845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that social jetlag would be associated with prolonged sleep duration on weekends and irregularities in wake-up time and/or bedtime on weekdays. In total, 1,200 Japanese male college students were included in this study. Participants completed an eight-day sleep diary in which they recorded their wake-up time, bedtime, and sleep duration every day for a week. Mean wake-up time, bedtime, and sleep duration, standard deviations in wake-up time and bedtime, the coefficient of variation in sleep duration, social jetlag, and chronotype were calculated over seven nights. Multiple regression was used to explore the factors influencing social jetlag. Stepwise selection analysis was performed to analyze the parameters identified on multiple regression analysis. The mean chronotype of the included participants was 5.3 ± 1.5; their mean social jetlag value was 1.1 ± 1.0. The mean wake-up time, bedtime, and sleep duration values were 8.5 ± 1.1, 25.0 ± 1.1, and 7.5 ± 1.1 h, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed five indicators exerting a statistically significant influence on social jetlag. The standard deviation in wake-up time was adopted as the first factor in the stepwise selection analysis. These results show that social jetlag is associated with not only prolonged sleep duration on weekends but also irregularities in wake-up time during the week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nishimura
- Department of Global Environment Studies, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yutaro Tamari
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Sports Social Management, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Japan
| | - Sho Onodera
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Koji Nagasaki
- Department of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima, Japan
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61
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Borisenkov MF, Tserne TA, Bakutova LA, Gubin DG. Food addiction and emotional eating are associated with intradaily rest-activity rhythm variability. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:3309-3316. [PMID: 35932417 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01461-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present investigation was to study the associations among parameters characterizing eating behavior and actimetry-derived indices of circadian rhythm of motor activity. METHODS The study involved 81 healthy participants (average age: 21.5 ± 9.6 y, women: 77.8%). Each study participant provided personal data, filled out the Yale Food Addiction Scale and the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and wore a wrist actimeter for 7 consecutive days to record motor activity. Using time series treatments, we obtained: (a) three cosinor-derived parametric indices [Medline Estimating Statistics of Rhythm (MESOR), amplitude, and acrophase], and (b) four non-parametric indices [interdaily stability, intradaily variability (I.V.), most active 10-h period (M10), and least active 5-h period] characterizing the 24-h rhythm of motor activity. A multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and BMI was performed to assess the associations among the studied indicators. RESULTS It was shown that I.V. is a predictor of symptoms of food addiction (β = 0.242, P = 0.037) and emotional eating (β = 0.390, P = 0.004), MESOR is a predictor of symptoms of food addiction (β = 0.342, P = 0.003), and M10 predicts restraint (β = 0.257, P = 0.015) and emotional eating (β = 0.464, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION It was shown for the first time that an increase in symptom counts of food addiction is associated with an increase in the average level and fragmentation of 24-h rhythm of motor activity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail F Borisenkov
- Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Tatyana A Tserne
- Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Larisa A Bakutova
- Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Denis G Gubin
- Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen, Russia.,Tyumen Cardiology Research Centre, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tyumen, Russia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We discuss the relationship between sleep and circadian factors with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, including physiologic, behavioral, and psychological mechanisms along this pathway. RECENT FINDINGS The relationship between short and long sleep duration, as well as insomnia, with CVD risk is well-established. Recent work has highlighted how other sleep factors, such as sleep regularity (i.e., consistency of sleep timing), multidimensional sleep health, and circadian factors like chronotype and social jetlag, relate to CVD risk. Sleep-focused interventions (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and sleep extension) may be effective to reduce CVD risk and disease burden. Sleep is increasingly recognized as an integral component of cardiovascular health. This was underscored by the recent inclusion of sleep duration as a health behavior in the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 for defining optimal cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Belloir
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nour Makarem
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari Shechter
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, 9th Floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Perez-Diaz-del-Campo N, Castelnuovo G, Caviglia GP, Armandi A, Rosso C, Bugianesi E. Role of Circadian Clock on the Pathogenesis and Lifestyle Management in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235053. [PMID: 36501083 PMCID: PMC9736115 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several features of the modern lifestyle, such as weekly schedules or irregular daily eating patterns, have become major drivers of global health problems, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sleep is an essential component of human well-being, and it has been observed that when circadian rhythms are disrupted, or when sleep quality decreases, an individual's overall health may worsen. In addition, the discrepancy between the circadian and social clock, due to weekly work/study schedules, is called social jetlag and has also been associated with adverse metabolic profiles. Current management of NAFLD is based on dietary intake and physical activity, with circadian preferences and other environmental factors also needing to be taken into account. In this regard, dietary approaches based on chrononutrition, such as intermittent fasting or time-restricted feeding, have proven to be useful in realigning lifestyle behaviors with circadian biological rhythms. However, more studies are needed to apply these dietary strategies in the treatment of these patients. In this review, we focus on the impact of circadian rhythms and the role of sleep patterns on the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD, as well as the consideration of chrononutrition for the precision nutrition management of patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angelo Armandi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Chiara Rosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza—Molinette Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Reitz CJ, Rasouli M, Alibhai FJ, Khatua TN, Pyle WG, Martino TA. A brief morning rest period benefits cardiac repair in pressure overload hypertrophy and postmyocardial infarction. JCI Insight 2022; 7:164700. [PMID: 36256456 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rest has long been considered beneficial to patient healing; however, remarkably, there are no evidence-based experimental models determining how it benefits disease outcomes. Here, we created an experimental rest model in mice that briefly extends the morning rest period. We found in 2 major cardiovascular disease conditions (cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction) that imposing a short, extended period of morning rest each day limited cardiac remodeling compared with controls. Mechanistically, rest mitigates autonomic-mediated hemodynamic stress on the cardiovascular system, relaxes myofilament contractility, and attenuates cardiac remodeling genes, consistent with the benefits on cardiac structure and function. These same rest-responsive gene pathways underlie the pathophysiology of many major human cardiovascular conditions, as demonstrated by interrogating open-source transcriptomic data; thus, patients with other conditions may also benefit from a morning rest period in a similar manner. Our findings implicate rest as a key driver of physiology, creating a potentially new field - as broad and important as diet, sleep, or exercise - and provide a strong rationale for investigation of rest-based therapy for major clinical diseases.
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Galinde AAS, Al-Mughales F, Oster H, Heyde I. Different levels of circadian (de)synchrony -- where does it hurt? F1000Res 2022; 11:1323. [PMID: 37125019 PMCID: PMC10130703 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.127234.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A network of cellular timers ensures the maintenance of homeostasis by temporal modulation of physiological processes across the day. These so-called circadian clocks are synchronized to geophysical time by external time cues (or zeitgebers). In modern societies, natural environmental cycles are disrupted by artificial lighting, around-the-clock availability of food or shift work. Such contradictory zeitgeber input promotes chronodisruption, i.e., the perturbation of internal circadian rhythms, resulting in adverse health outcomes. While this phenomenon is well described, it is still poorly understood at which level of organization perturbed rhythms impact on health and wellbeing. In this review, we discuss different levels of chronodisruption and what is known about their health effects. We summarize the results of disrupted phase coherence between external and internal time vs. misalignment of tissue clocks amongst each other, i.e., internal desynchrony. Last, phase incoherence can also occur at the tissue level itself. Here, alterations in phase coordination can emerge between cellular clocks of the same tissue or between different clock genes within the single cell. A better understanding of the mechanisms of circadian misalignment and its effects on physiology will help to find effective tools to prevent or treat disorders arising from modern-day chronodisruptive environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita AS. Galinde
- Institute of Neurobiology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
| | - Faheem Al-Mughales
- Institute of Neurobiology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
| | - Henrik Oster
- Institute of Neurobiology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
| | - Isabel Heyde
- Institute of Neurobiology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
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Bouman EJ, Beulens JWJ, Groeneveld L, de Kruijk RS, Schoonmade LJ, Remmelzwaal S, Elders PJM, Rutters F. The association between social jetlag and parameters of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Sleep Res 2022; 32:e13770. [PMID: 36351658 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the association between social jetlag and parameters of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed/Embase/Scopus until May 2022. Included studies described an association between social jetlag and parameters of the metabolic syndrome and/or T2D, were available full text and written in English or Dutch. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed on pre-piloted forms independently by two reviewers. Results were meta-analysed using random-effects analysis. A total of 6,290 titles/abstracts were screened, 176 papers were read full-text, 68 studies were included. Three studies were rated as low quality, 27 were moderate, and 38 were high quality. High quality studies showed that having social jetlag compared to no social jetlag was significantly associated with higher body mass index in 20 studies (0.49 kg/m2 , 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21-0.77; I2 = 100%), higher waist circumference in seven studies (1.11 cm, 95% CI 0.42-1.80; I2 = 25%), higher systolic blood pressure in 10 studies (0.37 mmHg, 95% CI 0.00-0.74; I2 = 94%) and higher glycated haemoglobin in 12 studies (0.42%, 95% CI 0.12- 0.72; I2 = 100%). No statistically significant associations were found for obesity, abdominal obesity, high- and low-density lipoprotein levels, cholesterol, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, fasting glucose, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome or T2D. Sensitivity analyses did not reduce heterogeneity. Despite substantial heterogeneity, social jetlag is associated with certain parameters of the metabolic syndrome and T2D, but not with prevalent metabolic syndrome or T2D. These findings should be interpreted with caution as the level of evidence is low and mostly based on cross-sectional data. Longitudinal studies are needed to further assess the direction of causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J. Bouman
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joline W. J. Beulens
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Lenka Groeneveld
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Rozemarijn S. de Kruijk
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Sharon Remmelzwaal
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Petra J. M. Elders
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, General Practice Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Femke Rutters
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Ella K, Sűdy ÁR, Búr Z, Koós B, Kisiczki ÁS, Mócsai A, Káldi K. Time restricted feeding modifies leukocyte responsiveness and improves inflammation outcome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:924541. [PMID: 36405720 PMCID: PMC9666763 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.924541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Time restricted eating, the dietary approach limiting food intake to a maximal 10-hour period of daytime is considered beneficial in metabolic dysfunctions, such as obesity and diabetes. Rhythm of food intake and parallel changes in serum nutrient levels are also important entrainment signals for the circadian clock, particularly in tissues involved in metabolic regulation. As both the metabolic state and the circadian clock have large impact on immune functions, we investigated in mice whether time restricted feeding (TRF) affects systemic inflammatory potential. TRF slackened the symptoms in K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis, an experimental model of human autoimmune joint inflammation. Compared to ad libitum conditions TRF reduced the expression of inflammatory mediators in visceral adipose tissue, an integrator and coordinator of metabolic and inflammatory processes. Furthermore, TRF strengthened the oscillation of peripheral leukocyte counts and alongside decreased the pool of both marginated and tissue leukocytes. Our data suggest that the altered leukocyte distribution in TRF mice is related to the attenuated expression of adhesion molecules on the surface of neutrophils and monocytes. We propose that TRF modifies both rhythm and inflammatory potential of leukocytes which contribute to the milder reactivity of the immune system and therefore time-restricted eating could serve as an effective complementary tool in the therapy of autoinflammatory processes.
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68
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Torres‐Fuentes C, Suárez M, Aragonès G, Mulero M, Ávila‐Román J, Arola‐Arnal A, Salvadó MJ, Arola L, Bravo FI, Muguerza B. Cardioprotective Properties of Phenolic Compounds: A Role for Biological Rhythms. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100990. [PMID: 35279936 PMCID: PMC9786928 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of deaths worldwide and their prevalence is continuously increasing. Available treatments may present several side effects and therefore the development of new safer therapeutics is of interest. Phenolic compounds have shown several cardioprotective properties helpful in reducing different CVD risk factors such as inflammation, elevated blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, or endothelial dysfunction. These factors are significantly influenced by biological rhythms which are in fact emerging as key modulators of important metabolic and physiological processes. Thus, increased events of CVD have been observed under circadian rhythm disruption or in winter versus other seasons. These rhythms can also affect the functionality of phenolic compounds. Indeed, different effects have been observed depending on the administration time or under different photoperiods. Therefore, in this review the focus will be on the potential of phenolic compounds as therapeutics to prevent CVD via biological rhythm modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Torres‐Fuentes
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Manuel Suárez
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Miquel Mulero
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Javier Ávila‐Román
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Anna Arola‐Arnal
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Maria Josepa Salvadó
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Lluís Arola
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Francisca Isabel Bravo
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics Research GroupDepartament de Bioquímica i BiotecnologiaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona43007Spain
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69
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Meyer N, Harvey AG, Lockley SW, Dijk DJ. Circadian rhythms and disorders of the timing of sleep. Lancet 2022; 400:1061-1078. [PMID: 36115370 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00877-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The daily alternation between sleep and wakefulness is one of the most dominant features of our lives and is a manifestation of the intrinsic 24 h rhythmicity underlying almost every aspect of our physiology. Circadian rhythms are generated by networks of molecular oscillators in the brain and peripheral tissues that interact with environmental and behavioural cycles to promote the occurrence of sleep during the environmental night. This alignment is often disturbed, however, by contemporary changes to our living environments, work or social schedules, patterns of light exposure, and biological factors, with consequences not only for sleep timing but also for our physical and mental health. Characterised by undesirable or irregular timing of sleep and wakefulness, in this Series paper we critically examine the existing categories of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and the role of the circadian system in their development. We emphasise how not all disruption to daily rhythms is driven solely by an underlying circadian disturbance, and take a broader, dimensional approach to explore how circadian rhythms and sleep homoeostasis interact with behavioural and environmental factors. Very few high-quality epidemiological and intervention studies exist, and wider recognition and treatment of sleep timing disorders are currently hindered by a scarcity of accessible and objective tools for quantifying sleep and circadian physiology and environmental variables. We therefore assess emerging wearable technology, transcriptomics, and mathematical modelling approaches that promise to accelerate the integration of our knowledge in sleep and circadian science into improved human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Meyer
- Insomnia and Behavioural Sleep Medicine Clinic, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Allison G Harvey
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Steven W Lockley
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine and Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Derk-Jan Dijk
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, Care Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London and the University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
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70
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Yoshizaki T, Ishihara J, Kotemori A, Kokubo Y, Saito I, Yatsuya H, Yamagishi K, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Iso H, Tsugane S. Association between irregular daily routine and risk of incident stroke and coronary heart disease in a large Japanese population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15750. [PMID: 36130961 PMCID: PMC9492773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian misalignments have been linked to adverse cardiometabolic outcomes. However, the association between irregular daily routine and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unknown. We examined this association in a prospective study in Japan. The study included 78,115 Japanese participants aged 45–74 years. The self-reported daily routine was evaluated using the question, ‘Is your daily routine or activity schedule regular?’ The response (yes/no) was obtained as a binary variable. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between an irregular daily routine and CVD incidence risk. Among the participants, 23.7% reported an irregular daily routine. During the mean follow-up period of 13.3 years, we observed 4641 CVD events. An irregular daily routine was significantly associated with increased risks of CVD and total stroke in women, but not in men. This positive association between an irregular daily routine and the risk of CVD was weak in the high vegetable and fruit consuming population. An irregular daily routine is positively associated with the risk of incident CVD, especially in women. These associations may be weak in populations that consume a diet rich in vegetables and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshizaki
- Department of Food and Life Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-Machi, Oura-Gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Kotemori
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan.,Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kokubo
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita City, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-Machi, Yufu City, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya City, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
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71
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Lecour S, Du Pré BC, Bøtker HE, Brundel BJJM, Daiber A, Davidson SM, Ferdinandy P, Girao H, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Gyöngyösi M, Hausenloy DJ, Madonna R, Marber M, Perrino C, Pesce M, Schulz R, Sluijter JPG, Steffens S, Van Linthout S, Young ME, Van Laake LW. Circadian rhythms in ischaemic heart disease: key aspects for preclinical and translational research: position paper of the ESC working group on cellular biology of the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:2566-2581. [PMID: 34505881 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are internal regulatory processes controlled by molecular clocks present in essentially every mammalian organ that temporally regulate major physiological functions. In the cardiovascular system, the circadian clock governs heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac metabolism, contractility, and coagulation. Recent experimental and clinical studies highlight the possible importance of circadian rhythms in the pathophysiology, outcome, or treatment success of cardiovascular disease, including ischaemic heart disease. Disturbances in circadian rhythms are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and worsen outcome. Therefore, it is important to consider circadian rhythms as a key research parameter to better understand cardiac physiology/pathology, and to improve the chances of translation and efficacy of cardiac therapies, including those for ischaemic heart disease. The aim of this Position Paper by the European Society of Cardiology Working Group Cellular Biology of the Heart is to highlight key aspects of circadian rhythms to consider for improvement of preclinical and translational studies related to ischaemic heart disease and cardioprotection. Applying these considerations to future studies may increase the potential for better translation of new treatments into successful clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lecour
- Department of Medicine, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bastiaan C Du Pré
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Erik Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Henrique Girao
- Faculty of Medicine, Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Marber
- King's College London BHF Centre, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pesce
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale Cardiovascolare, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies & Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin 10178, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin E Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Cardiology and UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Kuula L, Lipsanen J, Partonen T, Kauramäki J, Halonen R, Pesonen AK. Endogenous circadian temperature rhythms relate to adolescents’ daytime physical activity. Front Physiol 2022; 13:947184. [PMID: 36160868 PMCID: PMC9490324 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.947184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms relate to multiple aspects of health and wellbeing, including physical activity patterns. Susceptible circadian regulation predisposes to circadian misalignment, poor sleep, sleep deprivation, increased sleepiness, and thereby sedentary behavior. Adolescents’ circadian regulation is particularly vulnerable, and may lead to sedentary behavior. To investigate which factors associate strongest between physical activity (PA) and circadian behavior, we conducted multimodal circadian rhythm analyses. We investigate how individual characteristics of habitual circadian patterns associate with objectively measured PA. We studied 312 adolescents [70% females) (56% with delayed sleep phase (DSP)], mean age 16.9 years. Circadian period length, temperature mesor (estimated 24 h midline) and amplitude (difference between mesor and peak) were measured using distally attached thermologgers (ibutton 1922L, 3-day-measurement). We additionally utilized algorithm-formed clusters of circadian rhythmicity. Sleep duration, timing, DSP, and PA were measured using actigraphs (GeneActiv Original, 10-day-measurement). We found that continuous circadian period length was not associated with PA, but lower mesor and higher amplitude were consistently associated with higher levels of PA as indicated by mean Metabolic Equivalent (METmean) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), even when controlling for sleep duration. Separate circadian clusters formed by an algorithm also reflected distinct patterns of PA accordingly. Late sleepers and those with DSP were less likely to engage in MVPA compared to non-DSP and had more sedentary behavior. Adolescents who engage in higher levels or high-intensity PA have better circadian regulation, as measured by different objective methods including distal temperature measurements as well as actigraphy-measured sleep-wake behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Kuula
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Liisa Kuula,
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Partonen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kauramäki
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Halonen
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu-Katriina Pesonen
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Girtman KL, Baylin A, O’Brien LM, Jansen EC. Later sleep timing and social jetlag are related to increased inflammation in a population with a high proportion of OSA: findings from the Cleveland Family Study. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:2179-2187. [PMID: 35686375 PMCID: PMC9435346 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To examine the association between sleep midpoint and inflammation in a population with a large proportion of individuals diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), a group that is already prone to increased inflammation. METHODS Subjects from the Cleveland Family Study underwent overnight polysomnography and completed surveys on sleep habits. Morning and evening blood samples were collected and assayed for proinflammatory biomarkers interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Linear regression models were used, adjusting for potential confounders and sleep duration. RESULTS The study population included 587 adults (52.3% with OSAS). Mean ± standard deviation weekday sleep midpoint was 3.52 ± 2.09 (3:31 am) and weekend sleep midpoint was 4.46 ± 1.69 (4:28 am). The Mean difference between weekday and weekend sleep midpoint (social jetlag) was 0.94 ± 2.08 hours. After adjusting for OSA severity, greater social jetlag was associated with higher levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1 (beta: 0.435 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.091 to 0.779). Additionally, later timing of sleep during both the weekdays and the weekends was associated with increased levels of IL-6 (weekday beta: 0.182 pg/mL; 95% CI: 0.013 to 0.350; and weekend beta: 0.188 pg/mL; 95% CI: 0.004 to 0.373). No trends were observed with TNF-α and any sleep exposure. CONCLUSIONS Later sleep timing was associated with elevated levels of IL-6 while increased social jetlag was associated with elevated levels of IL-1. Our results indicate that later sleep schedules and increased social jetlag may lead to higher inflammation, even after controlling for OSA severity. CITATION Girtman KL, Baylin A, O'Brien LM, Jansen EC. Later sleep timing and social jetlag are related to increased inflammation in a population with a high proportion of OSA: findings from the Cleveland Family Study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(9):2179-2187.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katlyn L. Girtman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ana Baylin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Louise M. O’Brien
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Erica C. Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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74
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Kim Y, Ramos AR, Carver CS, Ting A, Hahn K, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Gallo LC, Savin KL, Li X, Penedo FJ, Zee PC. Marital Status and Gender Associated with Sleep Health among Hispanics/Latinos in the US: Results from HCHS/SOL and Sueño Ancillary Studies. Behav Sleep Med 2022; 20:531-542. [PMID: 34308745 PMCID: PMC8784567 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.1953499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Poor sleep and different patterns of marital status among Hispanics/Latinos have been documented, yet the extent to which marital status is associated with sleep health and the moderating role of gender in this association among Hispanics/Latinos is poorly understood.Demographic and sleep data were obtained from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL: n= 16,415), an epidemiological cohort study, and the Sueño Study (n= 2,252) that is an ancillary to HCHS/SOL. Sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness, napping, and snoring were self-reported and drawn from HCHS/SOL. Sleep efficiency, sleep fragmentation, and inter-day stability were objectively assessed in the Sueño Study.Complex sample analyses indicated that being married or cohabiting was associated with better sleep health in general, including having normal sleep duration, fewer insomnia symptoms, and higher sleep efficiency (F> 2.804, p< .044). These associations were more prominent in objectively measured sleep indices and among females.Findings suggest being in a committed relationship associated with better sleep health in Hispanics/Latinos in the US, a diverse and under-represented population. Findings may have implications for tailoring sleep health interventions to at-risk populations who may less likely to be in a committed relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto R. Ramos
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
| | | | - Amanda Ting
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | | | - Phyllis C. Zee
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
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Borisenkov MF, Popov SV, Smirnov VV, Dorogina OI, Pechеrkina AA, Symaniuk EE. Later school start time is associated with better academic performance, sleep-wake rhythm characteristics, and eating behavior. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1444-1453. [PMID: 36043490 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2117050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous studies which show that an early school start time has a negative impact on the sleep, well-being, and academic performance of students. There is not enough information on the association between school start time and eating disorders, however: the disruption of the circadian rhythm is known to be a risk factor for eating disorders. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between school start time (SST) and the sleep, well-being, academic performance, and eating behavior of children and adolescents. The study was conducted in April and May 2021 in two regions of Russia: the Komi Republic and Yekaterinburg. The online study involved the anonymous and voluntary participation of 6571 students in grades 6-11 (mean age: 14.5 ± 1.6 years, 60.1% female), who have morning classes. All participants were divided into three groups according to SST: 08:00 (n = 3661), 08:30 (n = 2020), and 09:00 (n = 890). Each participant of the study indicated their place of residence, SST, age, sex, height, weight, academic performance, and filled out the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, and the Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children. As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was shown that schoolchildren with SST of 09:00 wake up at a later time on school days (B = 0.432; ΔR2 = 0.039), sleep more (B = 0.293; ΔR2 = 0.004), have less pronounced social jetlag (B = -0.223; ΔR2 = 0.005) and sleep loss (B = -0.292; ΔR2 = 0.005), and higher academic performance (B = 0.113; ΔR2 = 0.003) than schoolchildren with SST of 08:00. As a result of logistic regression analysis, it was found that the frequency of the detection of food addiction is ~30% lower in schoolchildren with SST of 09:00 (OR = 0.690; 95% CI = 0.485-0.981) than in their peers with SST of 08:00. Thus, an overly early SST in Russia has a negative impact on the sleep function, academic performance, and eating behavior of children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail F Borisenkov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Sergey V Popov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Vasily V Smirnov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Olga I Dorogina
- Uranl Institute of Humanity, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anna A Pechеrkina
- Uranl Institute of Humanity, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Elvira E Symaniuk
- Uranl Institute of Humanity, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
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76
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Maghsoudipour M, Allison MA, Patel SR, Talavera GA, Daviglus M, Zee PC, Reid KJ, Makarem N, Malhotra A. Associations of chronotype and sleep patterns with metabolic syndrome in the Hispanic community health study/study of Latinos. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1087-1099. [PMID: 35509113 PMCID: PMC9177706 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2069030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep timing have been shown to have potential effects on metabolic functions relevant to circadian rhythms. It is not clear if the impact of sleep patterns on metabolic risk factors is through sociocultural and environmental factors or circadian misalignment. We investigated the associations of sleep patterns, chronotype, and social jet lag with metabolic syndrome among non-shift worker Hispanic/Latino adults. We used cross-sectional data from the Sueño Ancillary Study of The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Data from a subsample of 2189 participants aged 18-64 years were used in the analysis. Mean nightly sleep duration, mean sleep onset time, mean sleep offset time, mean sleep midpoint time, sleep efficiency, sleep variability (standard deviation (SD) of sleep duration, and SD of sleep midpoint), and time spent above light exposure threshold (1000 lux) in a day were assessed by wrist actigraphy (Acti-watch Spectrum). Chronotype was determined by the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. Medical conditions including dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were determined from a fasting blood specimen and physical exam at the baseline visit. To determine whether sleep patterns, light levels, chronotype, and social jetlag are associated with metabolic syndrome, multivariable logistic regression models were fitted, including variables with P < .15 in the univariate analysis. The results of the multivariable analysis demonstrated that in participants older than 40 years, intermediate chronotype (vs early) was significantly associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome (Odds ratio (95%CI): 1.33 (1.04,1.7)), while later chronotype (vs. early) in participants younger than 40 years was significantly associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome (Odds ratio (95%CI): 0.37 (0.14, 0.96)). Also, higher sleep efficiency was significantly associated with decreased odds of metabolic syndrome (Odds ratio (95%CI): 0.98 (0.96, 0.99)). Nightly sleep duration was not significantly different between two groups of participants with and without metabolic syndrome in multivariable analyses. There was no significant association between social jet lag and metabolic syndrome in multivariable analysis (p = .286). Moreover, there was no significant association between chronotype and social jet lag in multivariable analysis. The association between metabolic syndrome and chronotype is age-dependent. While early chronotype is associated with metabolic syndrome in younger individuals, it tended to be associated with lower odds for metabolic syndrome in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Maghsoudipour
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sanjay R. Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory A. Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Phyllis C. Zee
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn J. Reid
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nour Makarem
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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77
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Grant AD, Upton TJ, Terry JR, Smarr BL, Zavala E. Analysis of wearable time series data in endocrine and metabolic research. CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH 2022; 25:100380. [PMID: 36632470 PMCID: PMC9823090 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2022.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Many hormones in the body oscillate with different frequencies and amplitudes, creating a dynamic environment that is essential to maintain health. In humans, disruptions to these rhythms are strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality. While mathematical models can help us understand rhythm misalignment, translating this insight into personalised healthcare technologies requires solving additional challenges. Here, we discuss how combining minimally invasive, high-frequency biosampling technologies with wearable devices can assist the development of hormonal surrogates. We review bespoke algorithms that can help analyse multidimensional, noisy, time series data and identify wearable signals that could constitute clinical proxies of endocrine rhythms. These techniques can support the development of computational biomarkers to support the diagnosis and management of endocrine and metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azure D. Grant
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. Upton
- Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - John R. Terry
- Centre for Systems Modelling & Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin L. Smarr
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 92093, United States of America,Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California, San Diego, 92093, United States of America,Corresponding author. Smarr, Benjamin L.
| | - Eder Zavala
- Centre for Systems Modelling & Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom,Corresponding author. Zavala, Eder twitter icon
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Abstract
Social jet lag refers to circadian misalignment that occurs when people shift their sleep schedules from weekdays to weekends. Social jet lag is linked with numerous negative health outcomes, with emerging research connecting social jet lag to increased consumption of unhealthy foods. Existing research has not yet examined the associations between social jet lag and eating styles (e.g., emotional eating). Emotional eating and loss of control over eating are problematic eating styles which may lead to overeating and weight gain. Conversely, intuitive eating is associated with positive health outcomes such as lower risk of obesity. The present study examined social jet lag and eating styles in a young adult sample, as emerging adulthood is an important developmental time period for establishing healthy sleep and eating habits. Results of the current study indicated that in a sample of 372 American undergraduate participants, social jet lag significantly predicted lower intuitive eating (β = -.129, p = .012) and greater emotional eating (β = .12, p = .022) when controlling for age, sex, and chronotype. It was marginally predictive of loss of control over eating (β = .102, p = .050). Sleep quantity on weekdays (not weekends) also significantly predicted intuitive eating (p = .017) and loss of control over eating (p = .044), and sleep quality significantly predicted intuitive eating (p < .001), emotional eating (p < .001), and loss of control over eating (p < .001). These findings extend our understanding of the relationship between social jet lag and eating styles in college students. Addressing social jet lag in this population is an important consideration for their cardiometabolic health and for reducing weight fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Vrabec
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Maryam Yuhas
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Alexa Deyo
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Katherine Kidwell
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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79
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Hayes JF, Schumacher LM, Lanoye A, LaRose JG, Tate DF, Espeland MA, Gorin AA, Lewis CE, Jelalian E, Wing RR. Persistent, High Levels of Social Jetlag Predict Poor Weight Outcomes in a Weight Gain Prevention Study for Young adults. J Behav Med 2022; 45:794-803. [PMID: 35841487 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00339-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social jetlag (SJL), the discrepancy in sleep timing between weekdays and weekends, is associated with higher BMI and cardiometabolic risk and is common in young adults. We examined whether chronic SJL impacts weight gain in young adults participating in a weight gain prevention trial. METHODS Young adults (n = 599, age 18-35; BMI: 21.0-30.9 kg/m2) completed assessments at 0, 4, 12, and 24 months. Multilevel mixed growth models were used to examine (1) associations between demographics and longitudinal SJL and (2) longitudinal SJL as a predictor of weight change and cardiometabolic outcomes. SJL was assessed as a continuous and clinically-significant dichotomous (< vs. ≥2 h) variable. RESULTS 38% of participants had clinically-significant SJL at ≥ 1 timepoints (Baseline M ± SD = 1.3±0.89). Younger (b=-0.05, p < 0.001), female (b = 0.18, p = 0.037) and Black (compared to White, b = 0.23, p = 0.045) participants were more likely to have greater SJL. Individuals with high SJL (≥ 2 h; between-person effect) were more likely to have greater weight gain over 2 years (b = 0.05, p = 0.028). High SJL did not affect the rate of change in waist circumference or cardiometabolic markers over time. CONCLUSIONS High SJL is associated with greater weight gain over time. Reducing SJL may positively impact weight status in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline F Hayes
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. .,Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
| | - Leah M Schumacher
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.,Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Autumn Lanoye
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jessica Gokee LaRose
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Deborah F Tate
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amy A Gorin
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Elissa Jelalian
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.,Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Rena R Wing
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.,Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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80
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Makarem N, Zuraikat FM, Caceres B, Sears DD, St-Onge MP, Lai Y, Aggarwal B. Variable Eating Patterns: A Potential Novel Risk Factor for Systemic Inflammation in Women. Ann Behav Med 2022; 57:93-97. [PMID: 35815757 PMCID: PMC9773363 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaac042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The timing and regularity of eating patterns could play a role in systemic inflammation, as circadian clocks responsible for daily rhythms of inflammatory signaling are entrained by food intake. PURPOSE To evaluate associations of intra-weekly and weekday-weekend differences in eating timing patterns with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). METHODS A community-based sample of 103 U.S. women from the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network completed a meal-timing questionnaire and provided a blood sample for measurement of hsCRP. Differences in weekday versus weekend eating start time, eating end time, and nightly fasting duration were calculated as eating jetlag metrics. Intra-weekly variability in eating timing patterns was defined by the standard deviation (SD) of these variables. Multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate cross-sectional associations of eating timing variability metrics with hsCRP. RESULTS Each additional 30-min difference in weekday-weekend eating end time was related to 13% higher hsCRP (p = .023). Similarly, every 30-min increase in eating end time SD, reflecting greater variability in timing of last eating occasion, was associated with 29% higher hsCRP. Per 1-hr weekday-weekend difference in nightly fasting duration, there was a 45% elevation in hsCRP (p = .003). Every 30-min increase in nightly fasting duration SD, representing greater variability in span of the daily fasting/eating periods, was associated with 46% higher hsCRP. CONCLUSIONS Variable eating timing patterns were associated with higher hsCRP. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether stabilizing the timing of eating occasions may represent a novel strategy to reduce chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faris M Zuraikat
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Billy Caceres
- School of Nursing, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Department of Medicine, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department Family Medicine and Public Health, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yue Lai
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brooke Aggarwal
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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81
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Menek MY, Budak M. Effect of exercises according to the circadian rhythm in type 2 diabetes: Parallel-group, single-blind, crossover study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1742-1752. [PMID: 35606229 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of structured exercise appropriate the circadian rhythm in terms of blood sample test (BST), functionality and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a parallel-group, single-blind, crossover study. Thirty individuals with type 2 diabetes aged 35-65 years were enrolled in the study and allocated into 2 groups as the Morning Chronotype (MC) Group (n = 15) and the Evening Chronotype (EC) Group (n = 15) using Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire which was used to determine the chronotypes. Participants were evaluated in terms of BST, functionality and QoL at the beginning of the study (T0), at 6 (T1), 12 (T2), and 18 (T3) weeks after the study started. A structured exercise program for 3 days a week over 6 weeks was applied in accordance with the chronotypes (T1-T2) and cross-controlled for the chronotypes (T2-T3). Significant differences were found in favor of the exercise given at the appropriate time for the chronotype in all parameters in both groups within groups (T0-T1-T2-T3) (p < 0.05). In the time∗group interactions, exercise in accordance with the appropriate chronotype in both groups provided the highest statistical improvement in all parameters (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that structured exercise performed at the appropriate time for chronotype improves HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, HDL-LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, total cholesterol, functionality and quality of life in type 2 diabetes. This variation in blood values was observed to reflect the quantitative effects of exercise administered according to the circadian rhythm in individuals with type 2 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04427488). The protocol of the study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04427488).
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Yilmaz Menek
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Miray Budak
- Department of Ergotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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82
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Brito LC, Marin TC, Azevêdo L, Rosa-Silva JM, Shea SA, Thosar SS. Chronobiology of Exercise: Evaluating the Best Time to Exercise for Greater Cardiovascular and Metabolic Benefits. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3621-3639. [PMID: 35766829 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Physiological function fluctuates across 24 h due to ongoing daily patterns of behaviors and environmental changes, including the sleep/wake, rest/activity, light/dark, and daily temperature cycles. The internal circadian system prepares the body for these anticipated behavioral and environmental changes, helping to orchestrate optimal cardiovascular and metabolic responses to these daily changes. In addition, circadian disruption, caused principally by exposure to artificial light at night (e.g., as occurs with night-shift work), increases the risk for both cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity and mortality. Regular exercise is a countermeasure against cardiovascular and metabolic risk, and recent findings suggest that the cardiovascular benefits on blood pressure and autonomic control are greater with evening exercise compared to morning exercise. Moreover, exercise can also reset the timing of the circadian system, which raises the possibility that appropriate timing of exercise could be used to counteract circadian disruption. This article introduces the overall functional relevance of the human circadian system and presents the evidence surrounding the concepts that the time of day that exercise is performed can modulate the cardiovascular and metabolic benefits. Further work is needed to establish exercise as a tool to appropriately reset the circadian system following circadian misalignment to preserve cardiovascular and metabolic health. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3621-3639, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Chronobiology Applied & Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Thais C Marin
- Chronobiology Applied & Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia M Rosa-Silva
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven A Shea
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Saurabh S Thosar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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83
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Hashemipour S, Lalooha F, Ghorbani A, Habibi Nozari F, Badri M, Agha Abbaslou M, Zohal MA, Abbasi M, Elmizadeh K. Association of social jetlag with gestational diabetes: Qazvin Maternal and Neonatal Metabolic Study. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1226-1232. [PMID: 35758156 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2090372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The association of social jetlag (SJL), as a quantitative measure of circadian misalignment, with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome has been reported. The present study was designed to investigate the association of SJL with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Pregnant women with gestational age ≤14 weeks were enrolled in this longitudinal study. The participants with pre-GDM, shift workers and those who used alarms for waking up on free days were excluded from the study. SJL as well as behavioral and psychological parameters were evaluated at enrollment. The participants were categorized based on each 1-h increment of SJL. The association of SJL with the occurrence of GDM in the late second trimester was evaluated using univariate and multivariate methods. In total, 821 pregnant women entered the study, and after omitting individuals with excluding criteria, analyses were performed on 557 participants. The frequencies of SJL < 1 h,1 ≤ SJL < 2 h and SJL ≥ 2 h were 44.7%, 37.2% and 18.1%, respectively. Average sleep duration was higher in SJL < 1 h compared with the two other groups (p < 0.001). During follow-up, 90 (16.1%) women with GDM were identified. SJL ≥ 2 h was associated with a 4.4-5.6 times higher risk of GDM in different models of adjustment (p < 0.05). Pregnant women with high SJL are at a higher risk of GDM. Further studies for evaluating the mechanisms by which SJL affects GDM are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Hashemipour
- Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Lalooha
- Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Azam Ghorbani
- Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Habibi Nozari
- Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Milad Badri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mojgan Agha Abbaslou
- Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zohal
- Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Abbasi
- Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Elmizadeh
- Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable, Qazvin, Iran
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84
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Moreno JP, Hannay KM, Walch O, Dadabhoy H, Christian J, Puyau M, El-Mubasher A, Bacha F, Grant SR, Park RJ, Cheng P. Estimating circadian phase in elementary school children: leveraging advances in physiologically informed models of circadian entrainment and wearable devices. Sleep 2022; 45:6547079. [PMID: 35275213 PMCID: PMC9189953 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Examine the ability of a physiologically based mathematical model of human circadian rhythms to predict circadian phase, as measured by salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), in children compared to other proxy measurements of circadian phase (bedtime, sleep midpoint, and wake time). METHODS As part of an ongoing clinical trial, a sample of 29 elementary school children (mean age: 7.4 ± .97 years) completed 7 days of wrist actigraphy before a lab visit to assess DLMO. Hourly salivary melatonin samples were collected under dim light conditions (<5 lx). Data from actigraphy were used to generate predictions of circadian phase using both a physiologically based circadian limit cycle oscillator mathematical model (Hannay model), and published regression equations that utilize average sleep onset, midpoint, and offset to predict DLMO. Agreement of proxy predictions with measured DLMO were assessed and compared. RESULTS DLMO predictions using the Hannay model outperformed DLMO predictions based on children's sleep/wake parameters with a Lin's Concordance Correlation Coefficient (LinCCC) of 0.79 compared to 0.41-0.59 for sleep/wake parameters. The mean absolute error was 31 min for the Hannay model compared to 35-38 min for the sleep/wake variables. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that sleep/wake behaviors were weak proxies of DLMO phase in children, but mathematical models using data collected from wearable data can be used to improve the accuracy of those predictions. Additional research is needed to better adapt these adult models for use in children. CLINICAL TRIAL The i Heart Rhythm Project: Healthy Sleep and Behavioral Rhythms for Obesity Prevention https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04445740.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennette P Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin M Hannay
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Arcascope Inc., Chantilly, VA, USA
| | - Olivia Walch
- Arcascope Inc., Chantilly, VA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hafza Dadabhoy
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Christian
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maurice Puyau
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abeer El-Mubasher
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fida Bacha
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah R Grant
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rebekah Julie Park
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip Cheng
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
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85
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Evening chronotype is associated with severe NAFLD in obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1638-1643. [PMID: 35676442 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01159-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Chronotype, i.e., the individual attitude to carry out the daily activities at a certain time of the day, has been reported to play a role in metabolic diseases. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with chronotype categories in individuals with obesity. SUBJECTS/METHODS In this cross-sectional study, participants underwent to anthropometric, biochemical, and the Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) assessment. Chronotype categories were assessed by the Horne-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). The following indirect indices of NAFLD were calculated: Liver Fat Equation (LFE), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) and Index of Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (ION). RESULTS The study population consisted of 87 participants (40.3 ± 12.3 years; BMI 45.6 ± 6.3 kg/m2; 64F/23M). According to the chronotype score, 31.0% were morning (MC), 36.8% were intermediate (IC), and 32.2% evening chronotype (EC). Individuals with IC were significantly younger than those with MC and EC (p = 0.002 and p = 0.047, respectively). EC presented significantly higher BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p = 0.007), and hip circumference (p = 0.001) than MC. Moreover, EC had higher BMI (p < 0.001) and waist circumference (p = 0.011) than IC. All participants presented NAFLD (HSI ≥ 36 and LFE ≥ 5). Nevertheless, only individuals with EC were above the threshold of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis evaluated as ION index (ION ≥ 50). Individuals with EC presented significantly higher VAI (p = 0.036), LFE (p = 0.034), HSI (p < 0.001) and ION (p = 0.014) than MC, also after the adjustment for age, gender, and BMI. CONCLUSION EC is associated with more severe NAFLD independently of age, gender, and BMI than MC and IC in individuals with obesity.
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86
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Roenneberg T, Foster RG, Klerman EB. The circadian system, sleep, and the health/disease balance: a conceptual review. J Sleep Res 2022; 31:e13621. [PMID: 35670313 PMCID: PMC9352354 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The field of "circadian medicine" is a recent addition to chronobiology and sleep research efforts. It represents a logical step arising from the increasing insights into the circadian system and its interactions with life in urbanised societies; applying these insights to the health/disease balance at home and in the medical practice (outpatient) and clinic (inpatient). Despite its fast expansion and proliferating research efforts, circadian medicine lacks a formal framework to categorise the many observations describing interactions among the circadian system, sleep, and the health/disease balance. A good framework allows us to categorise observations and then assign them to one or more components with hypothesised interactions. Such assignments can lead to experiments that document causal (rather than correlational) relationships and move from describing observations to discovering mechanisms. This review details such a proposed formal framework for circadian medicine and will hopefully trigger discussion among our colleagues, so that the framework can be improved and expanded. As the basis of the framework for circadian medicine, we define "circadian health" and how it links to general health. We then define interactions among the circadian system, sleep, and the health/disease balance and put the framework into the context of the literature with examples from six domains of health/disease balance: fertility, cancer, immune system, mental health, cardiovascular, and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Roenneberg
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Russell G Foster
- Sir Jules Thorn Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elizabeth B Klerman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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87
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Islam Z, Nanri A, Akter S, Kuwahara K, Miki T, Van Hoang D, Yamamoto S, Fukunaga A, Kochi T, Eguchi M, Kabe I, Mizoue T. Relationship of chronotype and social jetlag with adherence to the Japanese dietary guidelines among workers. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1195-1205. [PMID: 35652313 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2079519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
While late chronotype and greater social jetlag have been associated with poor dietary behavior among the general population, these associations have not been investigated among workers, who struggle to align their sleep timings with work schedules. We aimed to explore the cross-sectional association of social jetlag and a late chronotype with adherence to a healthy diet among Japanese workers. Participants were 1,435 non-shift workers (18-78 years) who attended a nutritional survey. Social jetlag was defined as the difference in the midpoint of sleep times between weekdays and weekends, while chronotype was estimated using the mid-sleep time on weekends that was corrected with sleep debt on weekdays. We calculated the adherence score of the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFGST) - healthy diet guidelines for Japanese. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to calculate the adjusted means and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for adherence scores of social jetlag and chronotype. We found that greater social jetlag was associated with a lower JFGST score. The multivariable-adjusted mean (95% CI) of JFGST scores were 39.7 (39.1-40.2), 38.7 (37.9-39.6), and 38.1 (36.6-39.7) for <1 hour, 1 to <2 hours, and ≥2 hours of social jetlag, respectively (P-trend = 0.02). Workers with late chronotypes had significantly lower adherence scores on JFGST [36.3 (34.7-37.8); P-trend = 0.002]. Results suggest that a late chronotype and social jetlag are inversely associated with adherence to a healthy diet among Japanese workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobida Islam
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Nanri
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shamima Akter
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kuwahara
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Miki
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dong Van Hoang
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamamoto
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ami Fukunaga
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kochi
- Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Eguchi
- Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isamu Kabe
- Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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88
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Bailey CP, DiPietro L, Hayman LL, Ahmad Z, Napolitano MA. Meeting Specific 24-Hour Movement Guidelines Is Associated With BMI Among University Students With Overweight/Obesity. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276221090190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Approximately 40% of college/university students have overweight/obesity; physical activity and sleep play a role. To address these interrelated behaviors, Canada recently released 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. This study aimed to determine (1) the percent of students with overweight/obesity meeting Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, (2) whether health behaviors differ by demographics, and (3) whether meeting guidelines is associated with BMI. Methods: University students 18–35 years (n = 459) enrolled in a randomized controlled weight management trial completed 1 week of ActiGraph measured activity, self-reported sleep duration, researcher-measured height/weight, and demographics at baseline. ANOVA and t-tests determined differences in student demographics and BMI among those meeting vs not meeting each guideline. Results: Of the analytic sample (n = 403), 341 (84.6%) met the MVPA guideline, 284 (70.5%) met the LIPA guideline, 236 (58.6%) met the sleep guideline, 62 (15.4%) met the sedentary time guideline, and 34 (8.4%) met all guidelines. Students meeting MVPA (30.8±4.3 vs 32.5±4.5, P = .008) or sleep (30.7±4.4 vs 31.6±4.3, P = .04) guidelines had significantly lower BMIs compared to those not meeting each guideline. Percent of students meeting sleep ( P = .039) or all guidelines ( P = .012) differed by race/ethnicity. Conclusion: Meeting MVPA/sleep guidelines is associated with lower BMI; these behaviors are important targets for future weight management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin P. Bailey
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Loretta DiPietro
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Laura L. Hayman
- Robert and Donna Manning College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zohaa Ahmad
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Melissa A. Napolitano
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
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89
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Eveningness is associated with sedentary behavior and increased 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease: the SCAPIS pilot cohort. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8203. [PMID: 35581309 PMCID: PMC9113987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronotype reflects individual preferences for timing activities throughout the day, determined by the circadian system, environment and behavior. The relationship between chronotype, physical activity, and cardiovascular health has not been established. We studied the association between chronotype, physical activity patterns, and an estimated 10-year risk of first-onset cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) pilot cohort. A cross-sectional analysis was performed in a middle-aged population (n = 812, 48% male). Self-assessed chronotype was classified as extreme morning, moderate morning, intermediate, moderate evening, or extreme evening. Time spent sedentary (SED) and in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were derived from hip accelerometer. The newly introduced Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation 2 (SCORE2) model was used to estimate CVD risk based on gender, age, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and non-HDL cholesterol. Extreme evening chronotypes exhibited the most sedentary lifestyle and least MVPA (55.3 ± 10.2 and 5.3 ± 2.9% of wear-time, respectively), with a dose-dependent relationship between chronotype and SED/MVPA (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). In a multivariate generalized linear regression model, extreme evening chronotype was associated with increased SCORE2 risk compared to extreme morning type independent of confounders (β = 0.45, SE = 0.21, p = 0.031). Mediation analysis indicated SED was a significant mediator of the relationship between chronotype and SCORE2. Evening chronotype is associated with unhealthier physical activity patterns and poorer cardiovascular health compared to morning chronotype. Chronotype should be considered in lifestyle counseling and primary prevention programs as a potential modifiable risk factor.
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90
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Yalçin M, Mundorf A, Thiel F, Amatriain-Fernández S, Kalthoff IS, Beucke JC, Budde H, Garthus-Niegel S, Peterburs J, Relógio A. It's About Time: The Circadian Network as Time-Keeper for Cognitive Functioning, Locomotor Activity and Mental Health. Front Physiol 2022; 13:873237. [PMID: 35547585 PMCID: PMC9081535 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.873237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of organisms including mammals have evolved a 24h, self-sustained timekeeping machinery known as the circadian clock (biological clock), which enables to anticipate, respond, and adapt to environmental influences such as the daily light and dark cycles. Proper functioning of the clock plays a pivotal role in the temporal regulation of a wide range of cellular, physiological, and behavioural processes. The disruption of circadian rhythms was found to be associated with the onset and progression of several pathologies including sleep and mental disorders, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Thus, the role of the circadian clock in health and disease, and its clinical applications, have gained increasing attention, but the exact mechanisms underlying temporal regulation require further work and the integration of evidence from different research fields. In this review, we address the current knowledge regarding the functioning of molecular circuits as generators of circadian rhythms and the essential role of circadian synchrony in a healthy organism. In particular, we discuss the role of circadian regulation in the context of behaviour and cognitive functioning, delineating how the loss of this tight interplay is linked to pathological development with a focus on mental disorders and neurodegeneration. We further describe emerging new aspects on the link between the circadian clock and physical exercise-induced cognitive functioning, and its current usage as circadian activator with a positive impact in delaying the progression of certain pathologies including neurodegeneration and brain-related disorders. Finally, we discuss recent epidemiological evidence pointing to an important role of the circadian clock in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müge Yalçin
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annakarina Mundorf
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Freya Thiel
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Amatriain-Fernández
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ida Schulze Kalthoff
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Carl Beucke
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henning Budde
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susan Garthus-Niegel
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jutta Peterburs
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angela Relógio
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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91
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Giannoumis M, Mok E, Borkhoff CM, Birken CS, Maguire J, Parkin PC, Li P, Constantin E. Association of accelerometry-derived social jetlag and sleep with temperament in children less than 6 years of age. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:1993-1999. [PMID: 35532114 PMCID: PMC9340604 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Social jetlag (SJL) measures the discrepancy between circadian and social clocks. Using accelerometry-derived data, our objective was to assess the prevalence of SJL in young healthy children and determine the association of SJL and sleep with temperament. METHODS Of 117 children participating in TARGet Kids!, a Canadian cohort of healthy preschool-aged children, 78 children (39 girls (50%)); mean age [SD]: 35.1[20.5] months) were included. Sleep was measured objectively using accelerometry. Temperament dimensions (surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control) were assessed with the very short forms of Rothbart's child and infant behavior questionnaires. We examined associations of SJL and sleep with temperament using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, and preschool/daycare attendance. RESULTS 20 out of 78 (25.6%) experienced SJL of greater than 30 minutes. SJL was greater in children who attended preschool/daycare compared with children who did not (26.3[18.8]min vs. 17.6[14.8]min; p<0.05). There was no evidence of an association between SJL and any temperament dimension. We found evidence of an association between increased sleep duration and increased negative affectivity scores (longer 24h sleep (ß:0.347, 95% CI:0.182,0.512, p<0.0001); longer nighttime sleep duration (ß:0.413, 95% CI:0.163,0.663, p=0.002)). CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, 1 in 4 preschool-aged children experienced SJL. Increased sleep duration was associated with increased negative affect, which could have implications for children developing internalizing behavior such as depression or low-self-esteem. We found that sleep duration, but not SJL, was associated with temperament and may impact daytime behavior of young children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elise Mok
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cornelia M Borkhoff
- Division of Pediatric Medicine and the Pediatric Outcomes Research Team (PORT), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Division of Pediatric Medicine and the Pediatric Outcomes Research Team (PORT), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jonathon Maguire
- Division of Pediatric Medicine and the Pediatric Outcomes Research Team (PORT), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Applied Health Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Patricia C Parkin
- Division of Pediatric Medicine and the Pediatric Outcomes Research Team (PORT), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Patricia Li
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Evelyn Constantin
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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92
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Zhao P, Bedrick BS, Brown KE, McCarthy R, Chubiz JE, Ju YES, Raghuraman N, Fay JC, Jungheim ES, Herzog ED, England SK. Sleep behavior and chronotype before and throughout pregnancy. Sleep Med 2022; 94:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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93
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Chronodisruption and diet associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in coronary heart disease patients: the CORDIOPREV study. Transl Res 2022; 242:79-92. [PMID: 34752950 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with evening chronotypes are prone to suffer chronodisruption and display worse lifestyle habits than morning-types, exhibiting higher cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, it is unknown whether CVD patients, who are evening chronotypes, have higher cardiometabolic risk than morning-types. This study explored whether individual chronotypes were associated with cardiometabolic risk in patients from the CORDIOPREV study (n = 857). We also investigated whether potential associations were moderated by long-term consumption of two healthy diets (Mediterranean and Low-fat diets). This population was classified into chronotypes using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. Seven-day daily rhythms in wrist temperature (T), rest-activity (A) and position (P) were recorded in a subset of patients (n = 168), and an integrative variable TAP was determined. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) was determined at baseline, and metabolic and inflammation markers were measured at baseline and yearly during the 4 years of follow-up. Differences in several lifestyle factors were analyzed according to chronotype. At all times, evening-types had higher triglycerides, C-reactive protein and homocysteine and lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol than morning-types (P < 0.05). Evening-types had a higher prevalence of MetS (OR 1.58 IC 95% [1.10 - 2.28], P = 0.01). Moreover, they were more sedentary, displayed less and delayed physical activity and ate and slept later. In addition, evening-types had lower amplitude, greater fragmentation, lower robustness and less stable circadian pattern at TAP (P < 0.01), all related to a less healthy circadian pattern. In conclusion, evening-types with CVD had higher cardiometabolic risk and less robust circadian-related rhythms than morning-types, regardless of the nutritional intervention.
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94
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Muscogiuri G, Zanata I, Barrea L, Cozzolino A, Filice E, Messina E, Colao A, Faggiano A. A practical nutritional guideline to manage neuroendocrine neoplasms through chronotype and sleep. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7546-7563. [PMID: 35285728 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2047882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronotype is the attitude of subjects to carry out their daily activities mainly in the morning ("lark") or in the evening ("owl"). The intermediate chronotype is located between these two categories. It has been demonstrated that chronotype can influence the incidence, course and response to treatments of tumors. In particular patients diagnosed with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) and evening chronotype are characterized by unhealthy lifestyle, obesity, metabolic syndrome, a worsen cardiometabolic profile, a poor prognosis with a progressive disease and the development of metastasis. In addition, evening chronotype has been associated with sleep disturbances, which in turn have been related to tumor development and progression of tumors. There is a strict connection between sleep disturbances and NENs because of the hyperactivation of proangiogenic factors that caused aberrant neoangiogenesis. A nutritional tailored approach could represent a tool to align subjects with evening chronotype to physiological biological rhythms based on the properties of some macro and micronutrients of being substrate for melatonin synthesis. Thus, we aimed to provide an overview on the association of chronotype categories and sleep disturbances with NENs and to provide nutritional advices to manage subjects with NENs and these disturbances of circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile,", Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Isabella Zanata
- Section of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Cozzolino
- Section of Medical Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Filice
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Erika Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile,", Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antongiulio Faggiano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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95
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Quinn LM, Hadjiconstantinou M, Brady EM, Bodicoat DH, Henson JJ, Hall AP, Davies MJ. Chronotype and well-being in adults with established type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Diabet Med 2022; 39:e14690. [PMID: 34529279 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS 'Chronotype' describes an individual's sleep-wake schedule, and can be classified into morning, intermediate or evening types. Evening chronotype has been widely associated with increased cardiometabolic risk and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes. We explored associations between chronotype and markers of well-being in people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants of the 'Chronotype of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Effect on Glycaemic Control' (CODEC) observational study completed questionnaires to determine chronotype (Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, MEQ) and concurrent measures of well-being (Diabetes-related Distress scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to measure depression, and Self-Compassion Scale), as a secondary endpoint of the study. Adjusted generalised linear models were used to compare well-being between chronotype subgroups in this cohort. RESULTS Of the 808 individuals included in the CODEC study, from convenience sampling, 476 individuals completed the psychosocial questionnaire substudy. Of these, 67% (n = 321) were male, and 86% (n = 408) were white European. From the MEQ, 24% (n = 114) were morning chronotype, 24% (n = 113) were evening and 52% (n = 249) were intermediate chronotype. Diabetes-related distress was significantly higher in evening chronotypes (exponentiated adjusted coefficient = 1.18 (CI: 1.05-1.32)), compared to morning (padjusted = 0.005) and intermediate chronotypes (padjusted = 0.039). Similarly, depression was significantly higher in evening chronotypes (exponentiated adjusted coefficient = 1.84 (CI: 1.28-2.65)) compared to morning (padjusted = 0.001) and intermediate chronotypes (padjusted = 0.016). DISCUSSION Evening chronotype in people with type 2 diabetes may be associated with higher levels of diabetes-related distress and depression. These findings warrant further investigation to establish causality and evidence-based interventions that negate the effects of evening chronotype in people with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Quinn
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Emer M Brady
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Joseph J Henson
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Andrew P Hall
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Shimura A, Yokoi K, Sugiura K, Higashi S, Inoue T. On workdays, earlier sleep for morningness and later wakeup for eveningness are associated with better work productivity. Sleep Med 2022; 92:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Katamreddy A, Uppal D, Ramani G, Rios S, Miles J, Wang YC, Faillace RT. Day-to-day variation in sleep duration is associated with increased all-cause mortality. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:921-926. [PMID: 34534068 PMCID: PMC8883106 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES There is a paucity of data on the association between day-to-day variation in sleep pattern and all-cause mortality. We aimed to investigate whether day-to-day variation in sleep duration and onset of sleep are associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. METHODS We used data belonging to 388 unique patients from the Midlife in the United States 2 Biomarker study (2004-2009). Information on sleep onset, duration, and sleep-wake cycles was collected for 7 consecutive days using the Actiwatch device. Sleep irregularity was assessed using mean and standard deviations in sleep duration and time of onset of sleep over 7 days. Cox proportional regression analysis and the Fine and Gray subdistribution method were used with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. RESULTS Over a median of 8.6 years of follow-up, 37 patients died, including 10 deaths resulting from cardiovascular causes. There was no statistically significant increase in cardiovascular mortality with variation in sleep duration in the highest vs the lowest tertile (hazard ratio, 4.00; 0.45-35.48; P = .21). However, increased all-cause mortality was seen in the highest vs the lowest tertile (hazard ratio, 3.99; 1.33-11.94; P = .01). Multivariable model adjusting for confounders had higher all-cause mortality with increased sleep duration variation in the highest vs the lowest tertile: hazard ratio, 4.85; 1.52-15.49; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Day-to-day variation in sleep duration is associated with increased all-cause mortality but not cardiovascular mortality after adjusting for mean sleep duration, inflammation, diabetes, age, body mass index, renal function, and blood pressure. Irregularity in the onset of sleep is not associated with all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality. CITATION Katamreddy A, Uppal D, Ramani G, et al. Day-to-day variation in sleep duration is associated with increased all-cause mortality. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(3):921-926.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Katamreddy
- Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals/Jacobi, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York,Address correspondence to: Adarsh Katamreddy, MD, 3N21, Department of Medicine Offices, 1400 Pelham Parkway South, Bronx, NY 10461; Tel: (646) 321-0800;
| | - Dipan Uppal
- Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals/Jacobi, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Gokul Ramani
- Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals/Jacobi, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Saul Rios
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jeremy Miles
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yu Chiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals/Jacobi, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Robert T. Faillace
- Department of Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals/Jacobi, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Moyo GT, Thomas-Jackson SC, Childress A, Dawson J, Thompson LD, Oldewage-Theron W. Chrononutrition and Human Milk. CLINICAL LACTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1891/cl.2021-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundBreastfed infants have a reduced risk of infections and allergies. The study of chrononutrition in human milk seeks to understand the circadian variation of various human milk immune factors.MethodsEmpirical studies on human milk, chrononutrition, and immune factors were searched through PUBMED, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS. Keywords included “chrononutrition,” “breastmilk composition,” “human milk,” “day-night cycles,” “sleep-wake cycles” and the names of various immune factors. After excluding duplicate articles, animal studies, studies looking at other human milk components, studies that did not collect human milk samples over a 24 hour period, and studies that were not in English, eleven studies on the topic remained and ten studies were included in the review. The excluded study had a sample size of two.ResultsThis review identified the circadian variation of certain immune factors found in human milk such as antibodies, complement proteins, cytokines, by-products of phagocyte activity, nucleotides, microRNAs, and antioxidants.ConclusionThe circadian variation observed in some human milk components highlights the unique ability of human milk to vary in composition based on the circadian rhythms of mothers and infants. The limited number of studies makes it difficult to make conclusive recommendations and creates an opportunity for further research in this growing field.
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Upadhyay D, Mehta K, Mahajan N, Jadeja T, Sevak R. Evaluation of smartphone usage as a predictor of social jetlag in university students. ANNALS OF INDIAN PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/aip.aip_24_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Youngstedt SD, Elliott J, Patel S, Zi-Ching Mak N, Raiewski E, Malek E, Strong M, Mun CJ, Peters T, Madlol R, Tasevska N, Rasoul M, Nguyen C, Vargas Negrete KM, Adaralegbe AO, Sudalaimuthu S, Granholm D, Finch A, Eksambe A, Malready A, Parthasarathy S. Circadian acclimatization of performance, sleep, and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin using multiple phase shifting stimuli. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:964681. [PMID: 36465660 PMCID: PMC9710383 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.964681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Misalignment between the environment and one's circadian system is a common phenomenon (e.g., jet lag) which can have myriad negative effects on physical and mental health, mental and physiological performance, and sleep. Absent any intervention, the circadian system adjusts only 0.5-1.0 h per day to a shifted light-dark and sleep-wake schedule. Bright light facilitates circadian adjustment, but in field studies, bright light is only modestly better than no stimulus. Evidence indicates that exercise and melatonin can be combined with bright light to elicit larger shifts but no study has combined all of these stimuli or administered them at the times that are known to elicit the largest effects on the circadian system. The aims of this study are to compare the effects of different treatments on circadian adjustment to simulated jet lag in a laboratory. Following 2 weeks of home recording, 36 adults will spend 6.5 consecutive days in the laboratory. Following an 8 h period of baseline sleep recording on the participant's usual sleep schedule on Night 1 (e.g., 0000-0800 h), participants will undergo a 26 h circadian assessment protocol involving 2 h wake intervals in dim light and 1 h of sleep in darkness, repeated throughout the 26 h. During this protocol, all urine voidings will be collected; mood, sleepiness, psychomotor vigilance, and pain sensitivity will be assessed every 3 h, forehead temperature will be assessed every 90 min, and anaerobic performance (Wingate test) will be tested every 6 h. Following, the circadian assessment protocol, the participant's sleep-wake and light dark schedule will be delayed by 8 h compared with baseline (e.g., 0800-1400 h), analogous to travelling 8 times zones westward. This shifted schedule will be maintained for 3 days. During the 3 days on the delayed schedule, participants will be randomized to one of 3 treatments: (1) Dim Red Light + Placebo Capsules, (2) Bright Light Alone, (3) Bright Light + Exercise + Melatonin. During the final 26 h, all conditions and measures of the baseline circadian protocol will be repeated. Acclimatization will be defined by shifts in circadian rhythms of aMT6s, psychomotor vigilance, Wingate Anaerobic performance, mood, and sleepiness, and less impairments in these measures during the shifted schedule compared with baseline. We posit that Bright Light Alone and Bright Light + Exercise + Melatonin will elicit greater shifts in circadian rhythms and less impairments in sleep, mood, performance, and sleepiness compared with Dim Red Light + Placebo Capsules. We also posit that Bright Light + Exercise + Melatonin will elicit greater shifts and less impairments than Bright Light Alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn D. Youngstedt
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Shawn D. Youngstedt,
| | - Jeffrey Elliott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Salma Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Evan Raiewski
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Marcos, CA, United States
| | - Elias Malek
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, Univeristy of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Michael Strong
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Chung Jung Mun
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tyler Peters
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Remun Madlol
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Natasha Tasevska
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Massiullah Rasoul
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Cindy Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | | | | | - Delaney Granholm
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Anastasia Finch
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Aryan Eksambe
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Anannya Malready
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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