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Chen X, O'Halloran J, Jansen MAK. Orthophosphate modulates the phytotoxicity of nano-ZnO to Lemna minor (L.). ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:2446-2454. [PMID: 29471740 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1445299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of their applications in large numbers of products, Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) will inevitably enter into the environment. Nano-ZnO released into the environment will be present in a complex matrix which can cause various chemical and physical transformations and modulate the biological reactivity of these particles. Due to their rapid growth and small size, Lemna minor is recommended by OECD for toxicological testing. Here, we tested how nano-ZnO reactivity is modulated by the suite of macro- and micronutrients that are present in Lemna minor growth media. Specifically, we measured ex situ Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation by nano-ZnO, and subsequent in planta toxicity. The data show how orthophosphate can modulate both ex situ ROS formation, and in planta toxicity. This has ramifications for phytotoxicity testing, which is commonly performed under controlled conditions and on media containing orthophosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Chen
- a School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
| | - John O'Halloran
- a School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
- b Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- a School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
- b Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
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102
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Zhang W, Huang Y, Gong H, Dang F, Zhou D. Different Uptake of Metal Dioxide Nanoparticles (Ceria Nanoparticles, Zirconia Nanoparticles and Silica Nanoparticles) by Wheat. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 103:199-205. [PMID: 31147729 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02638-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) are produced in ever-increasing amounts and widely used in industrial, medical and consumer products. They may pose potential risks to the environment. In this study we quantitatively evaluated the phytoavailability of CeO2NPs, ZrO2NPs and SiO2NPs to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Metal dioxide NPs showed distinct differences in uptake, with uptake rate constants of 90.2 ± 9.9, 12.2 ± 2.5, 0.4 ± 0.02 and 0.9 ± 0.1 L kg-1 h-1 for ZrO2NPs, CeO2NPs, SiO2NPs (13 nm) and SiO2NPs (25 nm), respectively. However, such difference cannot be generalized by single factor of NP characteristics and/or root damage. This study provides fundamental information for NP uptake by crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Zhang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Huang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Gong
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Dang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
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103
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Tamez C, Hernandez-Molina M, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Gardea-Torresdey JL. Uptake, transport, and effects of nano-copper exposure in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:100-106. [PMID: 30772537 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies on short term effects of copper-based nanomaterials on plants have been published, however investigations with plants grown in a complex soil medium are lacking. In this study Grey Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) was grown in an environmental growth chamber using a 1:1 (v/v) potting mix native soil mixture amended with Kocide 3000, nCuO, bCuO, or Cu NPs. After 3 weeks Cu concentrations in the root, stem, and leaves of treated plants were significantly higher than control plants. This increase in Cu concentration did not adversely affect plant growth or chlorophyll production. The activity ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the roots tissues of plants treated with Kocide 3000, nCuO, and bCuO decreased by at least 45%. Catalase (CAT) activity in root tissues of plants treated with 50 mg/kg of Cu NP decreased by 77%, while those treated at 200 mg/kg were reduced by 80%, compared to controls. The activity of APX and CAT in the leaves of all treated plants remained similar to control plants. Based on the endpoints used in this study, with the exception of a decrease in the accumulation of Zn and B in the roots, the exposure of zucchini to the tested copper compounds resulted in no negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Tamez
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Mariana Hernandez-Molina
- Environmental Science Program, Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jose A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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104
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Buezo J, Sanz-Saez Á, Moran JF, Soba D, Aranjuelo I, Esteban R. Drought tolerance response of high-yielding soybean varieties to mild drought: physiological and photochemical adjustments. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 166:88-104. [PMID: 30381841 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is a crop of agronomic importance that requires adequate watering during its growth to achieve high production. In this study, we determined physiological, photochemical and metabolic differences in five soybean varieties selected from the parental lines of a nested association mapping population during mild drought. These varieties have been described as high yielding (NE3001, HY1; LD01-5907, HY2) or drought tolerant (PI518751; HYD1; PI398881, HYD2). Nevertheless, there has been little research on the physiological traits that sustain their high productivity under water-limited conditions. The results indicate that high-yielding varieties under drought cope with the shortage of water by enhancing their photoprotective defences and invest in growth and productivity, linked to a higher intrinsic water use efficiency. This is the case of the variety N-3001 (HY1), with a tolerance strategy involving a faster transition into the reproductive stage to avoid the drought period. The present study highlights the role of the physiological and biochemical adjustments of various soybean varieties to cope with water-limited conditions. Moreover, the obtained results underscore the fact that the high phenotypic plasticity among soybean phenotypes should be exploited to compensate for the low genetic variability of this species when selecting plant productivity in constrained environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Buezo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarre, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sanz-Saez
- Division of plant sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jose F Moran
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarre, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - David Soba
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarre, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarre, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Raquel Esteban
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
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105
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Chemingui H, Smiri M, Missaoui T, Hafiane A. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative Stress and Changes in the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:477-485. [PMID: 30887056 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the toxicity of nanosheet zinc oxide nanoparticle with the size of 45 nm. The penetration of nanoparticles at an exposure by a localized spray does not make it possible to understand the mechanism of transport and bioavailability of the nanoparticles. In contrast, nanoparticles penetrated, via the roots, as a function of their diameter, the smaller ones having caused leaf stress (by translocation) at low concentrations. So that the choice of method of root application. Plants treated with 50 mg L-1 of ZnO-NPs presented disturbance in leaf due to changes in chlorophyll's biosynthesis. The highest value of the photosynthetic pigments was recorded at 5 mg L-1 of ZnO-NPs. However, the treatment with 50 mg L-1 of ZnO-NPs caused a decrease in the levels of chlorophyll a and b. Moreover, ZnO-NPs leaves significantly enhanced antioxidant enzymes activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Chemingui
- Laboratory of Water, Membranes and Environment Biotechnology (LEMBE), Technopole of Borj Cedria (CERTE), 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Campus Universitaire El Manar II - B.P. 94 Poste, 1068, Romena, Tunisia
| | - Moez Smiri
- Laboratory of Water, Membranes and Environment Biotechnology (LEMBE), Technopole of Borj Cedria (CERTE), 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
- Department of Biology, University of Carthage, Higher Institute of Environmental Science and Technology of Borj Cedria, B.P. no. 1003, 2050, Hammam‑Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Takwa Missaoui
- Laboratory of Water, Membranes and Environment Biotechnology (LEMBE), Technopole of Borj Cedria (CERTE), 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Amor Hafiane
- Laboratory of Water, Membranes and Environment Biotechnology (LEMBE), Technopole of Borj Cedria (CERTE), 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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106
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The Effects of Copper and Silver Nanoparticles on Container-Grown Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) Seedlings. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are finding ever-wider applications in plant production (agricultural and forestry-related) as fertilisers, pesticides and growth stimulators. This makes it essential to examine their impact on a variety of plants, including trees. In the study detailed here, we investigated the effects of nanoparticles of silver and copper (i.e., AgNPs and CuNPs) on growth, and chlorophyll fluorescence, in the seedlings of Scots pine and pedunculate oak. We also compared the ultrastructure of needles, leaves, shoots and roots of treated and untreated plants, under transmission electron microscopy. Seedlings were grown in containers in a peat substrate, prior to the foliar application of NPs four times in the course of the growing season, at the four concentrations of 0, 5, 25 and 50 ppm. We were able to detect species-specific activity of the two types of NP. Among seedling pines, the impact of both types of NP at the concentrations supplied limited growth slightly. In contrast, no such effect was observed for the oaks grown in the trial. Equally, it was not possible to find ultrastructural changes in stems and roots associated with the applications of NPs. Cell organelles apparently sensitive to the action of both NPs (albeit only at the highest applied concentration of 50 ppm) were chloroplasts. The CuNP-treated oaks contained large plastoglobules, whereas those dosed with AgNP contained large starch granules. The NP-treated pines likewise exhibited large numbers of plastoglobules, while the chloroplasts of NP-treated plants in general presented shapes that changed from lenticular to round. In addition, large osmophilic globules were present in the cytoplasm. Reference to maximum quantum yields from photosystem II (Fv/Fm)—on the basis of chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements—revealed a slight debilitation of oak seedlings following the application of both kinds of NP at higher concentrations. In contrast, in pines, this variable revealed no influence of AgNPs, as well as a favourable effect due to the CuNPs applied at a concentration of 5 ppm. Our research also showed that any toxic impact on pine or oak seedlings due to the NPs was limited and only present with higher concentrations.
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107
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Shukla P, Chaurasia P, Younis K, Qadri OS, Faridi SA, Srivastava G. Nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture: studies from seed priming to post-harvest management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41204-019-0058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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108
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Tamez C, Morelius EW, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey J. Biochemical and physiological effects of copper compounds/nanoparticles on sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:554-562. [PMID: 30176466 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of copper based nanomaterials has been accompanied by an increasing interest in understanding their potential risks. It is essential to understand the effects of these nanoparticles on edible crops by performing long-term experiments at relevant exposure concentrations. Sugarcane is the source of 70% of the world's sugar supply and the widespread use of refined sugar and the consumption of raw sugarcane can provide a route for nanoparticles to enter the food supply. In order to evaluate the biochemical and physiological effects of copper nanoparticle exposure, sugarcane was grown for one year in soil amended with 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg of Kocide 3000 (a copper based fungicide), copper metal nanoparticles, micro-sized CuO, and CuCl2. The results show that stress indicators such as catalase and ascorbic peroxidase enzymatic activity in the sugarcane plant were activated by all the copper based materials at different concentrations. Sugarcane plants exposed to nearly all copper treatments showed dosage dependent increases in copper concentrations in root tissues. Translocation of copper to aerial tissues was minimal, with copper concentrations not being significantly different from controls. In addition, Chlorophyll A content was higher in plants treated with Kocide 3000 at 20 and 60 mg/kg, μCuO at 20 mg/kg, and CuCl2 at 20 and 60 mg/kg. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the effects of nano-copper compounds in sugarcane crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tamez
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - E W Morelius
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - J A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - J R Peralta-Videa
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - J Gardea-Torresdey
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States.
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109
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Phytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Copper Nanoparticles in Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum-Apiaceae). PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8010019. [PMID: 30646494 PMCID: PMC6358933 DOI: 10.3390/plants8010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Engineered metal nanoparticles have been widely used in several applications that may lead to increased exposure to the environment. In this study, we assessed the phytotoxic effect of various concentrations of copper nanoparticles CuNP, (200, 400 and 800 mg/L) on coriander (Coriandrum sativum) plants grown hydroponically. C. sativum plants treated with CuNP demonstrated decreased biomass and root length in comparison to control untreated plants. Additionally, decreased levels of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) were also seen in C. sativum plants treated with CuNP, as well as damage to the C. sativum root plasma membrane as demonstrated by Evan’s blue dye and increased electrolyte leakage. Moreover, our results exhibited increased levels of H2O2 and MDA on C. Sativum plants treated with CuNP. X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis confirmed that C. sativum treated with CuNP accumulated the latter in plant root tissues. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis confirmed the genotoxic effect of CuNP, which altered the C. sativum genome. This was shown by the different banding pattern of RAPD. Overall, our results exhibited that CuNP is toxic to C. sativum plants.
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110
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Rajput V, Minkina T, Fedorenko A, Sushkova S, Mandzhieva S, Lysenko V, Duplii N, Fedorenko G, Dvadnenko K, Ghazaryan K. Toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles on spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:1103-1113. [PMID: 30248835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid growth of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) production and its abundant uses in many industries, and increasing release into an environment from both intentional and unintentional sources, create risks to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum), one of the most important staple food crop. Thereby, the aim of this study was to investigate the phytotoxicity of CuO NPs on H. sativum growth in hydroponic system. The CuO NPs inhibited H. sativum growth by affecting the germination rate, root and shoot lengths, maximal quantum yield of photosystem II, and transpiration rate. Structural and ultrastructural examination of H. sativum tissues using light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy showed effects on stomatal aperture and root morphology, metaxylem size and changes in cellular organelles (plastids, mitochondria), as well as in plastoglobules, starch granules, protoplasm, and membranes. The formation of electron-dense materials was noted in the intercellular space of cells of CuO NPs-treated plants. In addition, relative root length was one-third (35%) that of the control, and relative shoot length (10%) was also reduced. Further, the Cu content of roots and leaves of CuO NPs-treated plants was 5.7 and 6.4-folds higher than the control (without CuO NPs), respectively. Presented data were significant at p ≤ 0.05 compared to control. Conclusively, the results provide insights into our understanding of CuO NPs toxicity on H. sativum, and findings could be used for developing strategies for safe disposal of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Alexey Fedorenko
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia; Southern Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don 344006, Russia
| | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Saglara Mandzhieva
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Duplii
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Grigory Fedorenko
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia; Southern Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don 344006, Russia
| | - Konstantin Dvadnenko
- Southern Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don 344006, Russia
| | - Karen Ghazaryan
- Department of Ecology and Nature Protection, Yerevan State University, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
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111
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Liu J, Simms M, Song S, King RS, Cobb GP. Physiological Effects of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Arsenic on the Growth and Life Cycle of Rice ( Oryza sativa japonica 'Koshihikari'). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:13728-13737. [PMID: 30403853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A factorial study was conducted to evaluate the phytotoxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO, 0.1-100 mg/L), arsenic (As, 0 and 10 mg/kg), and their interaction to rice plants ( Oryza sativa japonica 'Koshihikari') during the life cycle. No significant effect was observed on seed germination. The main effects of nCuO and As were observed on lengths and biomasses of seedling shoots and roots and on root branching. The interaction between nCuO and As also significantly influenced these parameters. nCuO addition increased Cu uptake in seedlings and generally improved seedling growth. With As addition, As was highly concentrated in roots and increased in shoots, and seedling growth was also inhibited. Additionally, nCuO and As had significant main and interaction effects on mature plant dry biomass, panicle number, total grain weight, average grain weight, and several other panicle parameters. Moreover, nCuO and As interacted to affect panicle emergence. nCuO also decreased As accumulation in dehusked grains. The accelerated heading stage by nCuO may help shorten the life cycle of rice plants, thereby reducing As accumulation in grains. This study is the first to examine the influence of nCuO in combination with As on the life cycle of rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , One Bear Place No. 97266 , Waco , Texas 76798-7266 , United States
| | - Madie Simms
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , One Bear Place No. 97266 , Waco , Texas 76798-7266 , United States
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Civil Engineering , Taiyuan University of Technology , Yingze West Street No. 79 , Taiyuan , Shanxi , China 030024
| | - Ryan S King
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , One Bear Place No. 97266 , Waco , Texas 76798-7266 , United States
| | - George P Cobb
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , One Bear Place No. 97266 , Waco , Texas 76798-7266 , United States
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112
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Cota-Ruiz K, Hernández-Viezcas JA, Varela-Ramírez A, Valdés C, Núñez-Gastélum JA, Martínez-Martínez A, Delgado-Rios M, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL. Toxicity of copper hydroxide nanoparticles, bulk copper hydroxide, and ionic copper to alfalfa plants: A spectroscopic and gene expression study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:703-712. [PMID: 30228067 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bulk Cu compounds such as Cu(OH)2 are extensively used as pesticides in agriculture. Recent investigations suggest that Cu-based nanomaterials can replace bulk materials reducing the environmental impacts of Cu. In this study, stress responses of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings to Cu(OH)2 nanoparticle or compounds were evaluated. Seeds were immersed in suspension/solutions of a Cu(OH)2 nanoform, bulk Cu(OH)2, CuSO4, and Cu(NO3)2 at 25 and 75 mg/L. Six days later, the germination, seedling growth, and the physiological and biochemical responses of sprouts were evaluated. All Cu treatments significantly reduced root elongation (average = 63%). The ionic compounds at 25 and 75 mg/L caused a reduction in all elements analyzed (Ca, K, Mg, P, Zn, and Mn), excepting for S, Fe and Mo. The bulk-Cu(OH)2 treatment reduced K (48%) and P (52%) at 75 mg/L, but increased Zn at 25 (18%) and 75 (21%) mg/L. The nano-Cu(OH)2 reduced K (46%) and P (48%) at 75 mg/L, and also P (37%) at 25 mg/L, compared with control. Confocal microscopy images showed that all Cu compounds, at 75 mg/L, significantly reduced nitric oxide, concurring with the reduction in root growth. Nano Cu(OH)2 at 25 mg/L upregulated the expression of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene (1.92-fold), while ionic treatments at 75 mg/L upregulated (∼10-fold) metallothionein (MT) transcripts. Results demonstrated that nano and bulk Cu(OH)2 compounds caused less physiological impairments in comparison to the ionic ones in alfalfa seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keni Cota-Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; El Colegio de Chihuahua, Partido Díaz 4723 esquina con Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, 32310, Mexico
| | - José A Hernández-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; UC Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Armando Varela-Ramírez
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Carolina Valdés
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - José A Núñez-Gastélum
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, 32310, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, 32310, Mexico
| | - Marcos Delgado-Rios
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, 32310, Mexico
| | - Jose R Peralta-Videa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; UC Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; UC Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
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Reddy Pullagurala VL, Adisa IO, Rawat S, Kalagara S, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL. ZnO nanoparticles increase photosynthetic pigments and decrease lipid peroxidation in soil grown cilantro (Coriandrum sativum). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:120-127. [PMID: 30189415 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The growth of the nanotechnology industry has raised concerns about its environmental impacts. In particular, the effect on terrestrial plants, which are the primary producers of the global food chain, is widely debated. In this study, cilantro plants (Coriandrum sativum) were cultivated for 35 days in soil amended with ZnO nanoparticles (N ZnO), bulk ZnO (B ZnO) and ZnCl2 (ionic/I Zn) at 0-400 mg/kg. Photosynthetic pigments, lipid peroxidation, 1NMR-based metabolic, and ICP-based metallomic profiles were evaluated. All Zn compounds increased the chlorophyll content by at least 50%, compared to control. Only N ZnO at 400 mg/kg decreased lipid peroxidation by 70%. 1NMR data showed that all compounds significantly changed the carbinolic-based compounds, compared with control. Highest root and shoot uptake of Zn was observed at B 400 and I 100, respectively. Results of this study corroborates that N ZnO at a concentration <400 mg/kg improved photosynthesis pigments and the defense response in cilantro plants cultivated in organic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata L Reddy Pullagurala
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Ishaq O Adisa
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; The Center for Nanotechnology and Agricultural Pathogen Suppression (CeNAPS), New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
| | - Swati Rawat
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Sudhakar Kalagara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Jose A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Jose R Peralta-Videa
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; The Center for Nanotechnology and Agricultural Pathogen Suppression (CeNAPS), New Haven, CT, 06511, United States.
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114
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Gupta SD, Agarwal A, Pradhan S. Phytostimulatory effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on rice seedling growth: An insight from antioxidative enzyme activities and gene expression patterns. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:624-633. [PMID: 29933132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge on the mode of action, biocompatibility and ecological tolerance of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is gradually accumulating over the years with contradictory findings. Most of the studies indicated the toxic impact of AgNPs on plant growth and development, where induction of oxidative stress was considered to be one of the causal factors. The present study demonstrates the phytostimulatory effect of bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) during seed germination and seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Swarna) under in vitro condition. All the tested concentrations of AgNPs (10, 20, 40 ppm) promote both the shoot and root growth which was evident from the increased length and biomass of the seedlings. Exposure to AgNPs also significantly increased the chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents. The content and the pattern of distribution of phenolic metabolites among the different treatments are indicative of non-toxic impact of AgNP mimicking mild or no stress to the seedlings. Growth stimulation of rice seedlings by AgNPs was further supported by a low level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concomitant with decreased amount of lipid peroxidation and H2O2 content, compared to control. In order to unravel the stimulatory impact of AgNPs on rice seedling growth, the present study also describes the AgNPs induced changes in antioxidative enzyme activity and related gene expression levels. Elevated levels of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were recorded in all the AgNPs treated seedlings with improved growth. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was not significantly altered at low concentration of AgNPs. It appears that enzymes of ascorbate cycle, APX and GR are more active in ensuring protection against oxidative damage than SOD. There was significant up-regulation of CAT and APX gene expressions in seedlings exposed to AgNPs, whereas the expression level of CuZnSOD gene was decreased gradually with an increase in the concentration of AgNPs. The antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression patterns coupled with the levels of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation indicates that the efficiency of redox reactions was increased in the presence of AgNPs and that accelerates the seedling growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dutta Gupta
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
| | - A Agarwal
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - S Pradhan
- Advanced Laboratory for Plant Genetic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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115
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Huang Q, Liu Q, Lin L, Li FJ, Han Y, Song ZG. Reduction of arsenic toxicity in two rice cultivar seedlings by different nanoparticles. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 159:261-271. [PMID: 29753827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated arsenic uptake and enzymatic activities in rice seedlings after the addition of nanoparticles. Hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different nanomaterials (high-quality graphene oxide, multilayer graphene oxide, 20 nm hydroxyapatite (HA20), 40 nm hydroxyapatite (HA40), nano-Fe3O4 (nFe3O4) and nano-zerovalent iron [nFe]) on the biomass, arsenic uptake, and enzyme activities in seedlings of the rice cultivars T705 and X24. Compared with the control, the addition of different nanomaterials increased seedling growth, with X24 rice growing better than T705 rice. Nanomaterials effectively reduced arsenic uptake in T705 rice seedlings under low and high arsenic concentrations; however, they were only effective at lower arsenic concentrations in X24 seedlings. nFe3O4 and nFe performed better than other nanomaterials in preventing arsenic from being transported to the aboveground parts of the rice seedlings. Different nanomaterials obviously influenced enzyme activities in the T705 seedlings at low arsenic concentrations (≤ 0.8 mg L-1). High-quality and multilayer graphene oxide decreased enzyme activities in the aboveground parts of the T705 seedlings, whereas, HA20 and HA40 increased the enzyme activities. nFe3O4 and nFe also reduced the effect of antioxidants in the aboveground parts of the T705 seedlings. Nanomaterials effectively reduced the arsenic uptake of T705 and X24 rice seedlings at low arsenic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; School of Land and Environmental, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Geophysical Exploration Academy of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Baoding 071051, China
| | - Lina Lin
- School of Land and Environmental, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Fang-Jun Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yifan Han
- Geophysical Exploration Academy of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Baoding 071051, China
| | - Zheng-Guo Song
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China.
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116
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Spielman-Sun E, Lombi E, Donner E, Avellan A, Etschmann B, Howard D, Lowry GV. Temporal Evolution of Copper Distribution and Speciation in Roots of Triticum aestivum Exposed to CuO, Cu(OH) 2, and CuS Nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:9777-9784. [PMID: 30078329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of nanoparticles (NP) in agriculture as fertilizers or pesticides requires an understanding of the NP properties influencing their interactions with plant roots. To evaluate the influence of the solubility of Cu-based NP on Cu uptake and NP association with plant roots, wheat seedlings were hydroponically exposed to 1 mg/L of Cu NPs with different solubilities [CuO, CuS, and Cu(OH)2] for 1 h then transferred to a Cu-free medium for 48 h. Fresh, hydrated roots were analyzed using micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) and imaging fluorescence X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES imaging) to provide laterally resolved distribution and speciation of Cu in roots. Higher solubility Cu(OH)2 NPs provided more uptake of Cu after 1 h of exposure, but the lower solubility materials (CuO and CuS) were more persistent on the roots and continued to deliver Cu to plant leaves over the 48 h depuration period. These results demonstrate that NPs, by associating to the roots, have the potential to play a role in slowly providing micronutrients to plants. Thus, tuning the solubility of NPs may provide a long-term slow delivery of micronutrients to plants and provide important information for understanding mechanisms responsible for plant uptake, transformation, and translocation of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Spielman-Sun
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Future Industries Institute , University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes , South Australia 5095 , Australia
| | - Erica Donner
- Future Industries Institute , University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes , South Australia 5095 , Australia
| | - Astrid Avellan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Barbara Etschmann
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Daryl Howard
- Australian Synchrotron , Clayton , Victoria 3168 , Australia
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
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117
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Missaoui T, Smiri M, Chemingui H, Jbira E, Hafiane A. Regulation of Mitochondrial and Cytosol Antioxidant Systems of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) Exposed to Nanosized Titanium Dioxide. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 101:326-337. [PMID: 30099613 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the interactions between nanoparticle (NP) exposure, root application and plants were examined. NPs are potentially responsible for conformational changes in polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, pectin, suberin and lignin molecules. 4 days of treatment with metal oxide caused a statistically significant increase in nicotinamide adénine dinucléotide oxidase activity in mitochondria and cytosol. Following exposure to TiO2NP, even lipid peroxidation levels decreased in the mitochondria (leaves, stem and root) and in the cytosol (leaves and root), although it increased in the cytosol of the stem. Malondialdehyde accumulation was found to be higher in the cytosol compared to the mitochondria of stems, and in the cytosol of leaves and roots. NPs caused alterations in metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activities (guaiacol peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase) and the generation of oxidative stress. Effects caused by exposures to NPs were influenced by differences in metabolic responses in plant parts, plant compartments, the period of exposure and the NP doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takwa Missaoui
- Laboratory of Water, Membranes and Environment Biotechnology (LEMBE) Technopole of Borj Cedria (CERTE), 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
- National Agronomy Institute of Tunis, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Moêz Smiri
- Laboratory of Water, Membranes and Environment Biotechnology (LEMBE) Technopole of Borj Cedria (CERTE), 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- Department of Biology, University of Carthage, Higher Institute of Environmental Science and Technology of Borj Cedria, B.P. no. 1003, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Chemingui
- Laboratory of Water, Membranes and Environment Biotechnology (LEMBE) Technopole of Borj Cedria (CERTE), 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Elyes Jbira
- Laboratory of Smart Grid and Nanotechnology, National School of Sciences and Advanced Technologies of Borj Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Amor Hafiane
- Laboratory of Water, Membranes and Environment Biotechnology (LEMBE) Technopole of Borj Cedria (CERTE), 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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118
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Bartucca ML, Di Michele A, Del Buono D. Interference of three herbicides on iron acquisition in maize plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 206:424-431. [PMID: 29758499 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of herbicides to control weed species could lead to environmental threats due to their persistence and accumulation in the ecosystems and cultivated fields. Nonetheless, the effect of these compounds on plant mineral nutrition in crops has been barely investigated. This study aimed at ascertaining the effect of three herbicides (S-metolachlor, metribuzin and terbuthylazine) on the capacity of maize to acquire iron (Fe). Interferences on plant growth and reductions on the Fe contents were found in the plants treated. Furthermore, root cell viability and functionality losses were ascertained following the treatments, which, in turn, decreased the amount of phytosiderophores (PSs) released by the roots. An investigation carried out in greater depth on root apices of treated plants using an FE-SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) coupled with EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray) indicated that the reductions on Fe content started in this part of the roots. Lastly, decreases were found also in copper (Cu+2), zinc (Zn+2) and manganese (Mn+2) content in root apices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luce Bartucca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Michele
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università Degli Studi di Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Buono
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
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119
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120
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Assessment of the effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on the growth, physiology and metabolic responses in in vitro grown eggplant ( Solanum melongena). 3 Biotech 2018; 8:362. [PMID: 30105187 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in various domestic products and their usage is constantly increasing which in turn can raise several environmental health issues. Like other abiotic stresses, nanomaterials also affect the growth of crop plants. Solanum melongena is a common vegetable crop grown in the tropics and subtropics regions with medicinal properties. In this study, S. melongena was analyzed for its response to three commercially important metallic nanoparticles, namely NiO, CuO, and ZnO, at four different concentrations (100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/L). The growth of the eggplant seedlings was suppressed by all the NPs in a concentration-dependent manner and among them, NiO was shown to be more toxic as it suppressed the root and shoot growth effectively. Total chlorophyll contents were decreased in the NP-treated plants compared to control plants. Significant changes were found in the secondary metabolites such as anthocyanins, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents in the NP-treated plants. A dose-dependent increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was noticed in the NP-treated plants which are evidenced by the 4-nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) and 3,3'-diamiobenzidine (DAB) histochemical staining. The DNA damage imposed by the NP in the seedlings of eggplants may be due to the elevated ROS and MDA (malondialdehyde) production. NiO NP was found to be more toxic comparable to CuO and ZnO NPs in the present study. Apart from the toxic effects, nanoparticles also showed profound effects on the production of important secondary metabolites such as phenolics and flavonoid compounds.
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121
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Verma SK, Das AK, Patel MK, Shah A, Kumar V, Gantait S. Engineered nanomaterials for plant growth and development: A perspective analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:1413-1435. [PMID: 29554761 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the overwhelmingly rapid advancement in the field of nanotechnology, the engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been extensively used in various areas of the plant system, including quality improvement, growth and nutritional value enhancement, gene preservation etc. There are several recent reports on the ENMs' influence on growth enhancements, growth inhibition as well as certain toxic impacts on plant. However, translocation, growth responses and stress modulation mechanisms of ENMs in the plant systems call for better and in-depth understanding. Herein, we are presenting a comprehensive and critical account of different types of ENMs, their applications and their positive, negative and null impacts on physiological and molecular aspects of plant growth, development and stress responses. Recent reports revealed mixed effects on plants, ranging from enhanced crop yield, epi/genetic alterations, and phytotoxicity, resulting from the ENMs' exposure. Creditable research in recent years has revealed that the effects of ENMs on plants are species specific and are variable among plant species. ENM exposures are reported to trigger free radical formation, responsive scavenging, and antioxidant armories in the exposed plants. The ENMs are also reported to induce aberrant expressions of microRNAs, the key post-transcriptional regulators of plant growth, development and stress-responses of plants. However, these modulations, if judiciously done, may lead to improved plant growth and yield. A better understanding of the interactions between ENMs and plant responses, including their uptake transport, internalization, and activity, could revolutionize crop production through increased disease resistance, nutrient utilization, and crop yield. Therefore, in this review, we are presenting a critical account of the different selected ENMs, their uptake by the plants, their positive/negative impacts on plant growth and development, along with the resultant ENM-responsive post-transcriptional modifications, especially, aberrant miRNA expressions. In addition, underlying mechanisms of various ENM-plant cell interactions have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Innovate Mediscience India, Vijay Nagar, Indore 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar Das
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Manoj Kumar Patel
- School of Studies in Life Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ashish Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, Innovate Mediscience India, Vijay Nagar, Indore 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, 411016 Pune, Maharashtra, India; Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, 411016 Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saikat Gantait
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Groundnut, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India; Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India
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122
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Ogunkunle CO, Jimoh MA, Asogwa NT, Viswanathan K, Vishwakarma V, Fatoba PO. Effects of manufactured nano-copper on copper uptake, bioaccumulation and enzyme activities in cowpea grown on soil substrate. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 155:86-93. [PMID: 29510313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increased use of nanoparticles-based products in agriculture portends important implications for agriculture. Therefore, the impact of nano-copper particles (<25 nm and 60-80 nm) on Cu uptake, bioaccumulation (roots, leaves and seeds), activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) was studied. Plants were exposed to four levels (0, 125, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) of 25 nm or 60-80 nm nano-Cu for 65 days. Results indicated significant (P<.05) uptake of Cu at all nano-Cu levels compared to control, and bioaccumulation increased in seeds by at least 250%. Response of antioxidant enzymes to both nano-Cu types was concentration-dependent. Activity of APX and GR was enhanced in leaves and roots in response to both nano-Cu treatments in similar patterns compared to control. Both nano-Cu increased CAT activity in roots while SOD activity reduced in both leaves and roots. This shows that response of antioxidant enzymes to nano-Cu toxicity was organ-specific in cowpea. Malondialdehyde, a measure of lipid peroxidation, increased at 500 -1000 mg/kg of 25 nm nano-Cu in leaves by average of 8.4%, and 60-80 nm nano-Cu in root by 52.8%, showing particle-size and organ-dependent toxicity of nano-Cu. In conclusion, exposure of cowpea to nano-Cu treatments increased both the uptake and bioaccumulation of Cu, and also promoted the activity of APX and GR in root and leaf tissues of cowpea. Therefore, APX- and GR-activity level could be a useful predictive biomarker of nano-Cu toxicity in cowpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement O Ogunkunle
- Environmental Biology unit, Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - Mahboob A Jimoh
- Plant Biology unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria.
| | - Nnaemeka T Asogwa
- Research and Innovation Central Research Laboratory, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - K Viswanathan
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India.
| | - Vinita Vishwakarma
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India.
| | - Paul O Fatoba
- Environmental Biology unit, Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
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123
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Li J, Song Y, Wu K, Tao Q, Liang Y, Li T. Effects of Cr 2O 3 nanoparticles on the chlorophyll fluorescence and chloroplast ultrastructure of soybean (Glycine max). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:19446-19457. [PMID: 29728974 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chromic oxide nanoparticles (Cr2O3 NPs) are widely used in commercial factories and can cause serious environmental problems. However, the mechanism behind Cr2O3 NP-induced phytotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, the effects of Cr2O3 NPs on the growth, chlorophyll fluorescence, SEM-EDS analysis, and chloroplast ultrastructure of soybean (Glycine max) were investigated to evaluate its phytotoxicity. The growth of soybean treated with various Cr2O3 NP suspensions (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 g L-1) was significantly inhibited. Specially, shoot and root biomass decreased by 9.9 and 46.3%, respectively. Besides, the maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) as well as the photochemical quenching (qP) decreased by 8-22 and 30-37%, respectively, indicating that the photosynthetic system was damaged when treated with Cr2O3 NPs. Moreover, the inhibition was confirmed by the reduction of Rubisco and MDH enzyme activity (by 54.5-86.4 and 26.7-96.5%, respectively). Overall, results indicated that the damage was caused by the destruction of chloroplast thylakoid structure, which subsequently reduced the photosynthetic rate. Our research suggests that Cr2O3 NPs can be transported and cause irreversible damage to soybean plants by inhibiting the activity of electron acceptors (NADP+) and destroying ultrastructure of chloroplasts, providing insights into plant toxicity issues. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuchao Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Keren Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qi Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yongchao Liang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tingqiang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Ruotolo R, Maestri E, Pagano L, Marmiroli M, White JC, Marmiroli N. Plant Response to Metal-Containing Engineered Nanomaterials: An Omics-Based Perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2451-2467. [PMID: 29377685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) raises questions regarding their environmental impact. Improving the level of understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of the response to ENM exposure in biota is necessary to accurately assess the true risk to sensitive receptors. The aim of this Review is to compare the plant response to several metal-based ENMs widely used, such as quantum dots, metal oxides, and silver nanoparticles (NPs), integrating available "omics" data (transcriptomics, miRNAs, and proteomics). Although there is evidence that ENMs can release their metal components into the environment, the mechanistic basis of both ENM toxicity and tolerance is often distinct from that of metal ions and bulk materials. We show that the mechanisms of plant defense against ENM stress include the modification of root architecture, involvement of specific phytohormone signaling pathways, and activation of antioxidant mechanisms. A critical meta-analysis allowed us to identify relevant genes, miRNAs, and proteins involved in the response to ENMs and will further allow a mechanistic understanding of plant-ENM interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Maestri
- Interdepartmental Centre for Food Safety, Technologies and Innovation for Agri-food (SITEIA.PARMA) , Parma 43124 , Italy
| | | | | | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES) , New Haven , Connecticut 06504 , United States
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Interdepartmental Centre for Food Safety, Technologies and Innovation for Agri-food (SITEIA.PARMA) , Parma 43124 , Italy
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125
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Positive Impacts of Nanoparticles in Plant Resistance against Different Stimuli. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE LIFE SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91161-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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126
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Liu J, Dhungana B, Cobb GP. Environmental behavior, potential phytotoxicity, and accumulation of copper oxide nanoparticles and arsenic in rice plants. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:11-20. [PMID: 28796373 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are widely used in many industries. The increasing release of CuO NPs from both intentional and unintentional sources into the environment may pose risks to rice plants, thereby reducing the quality or quantity of this staple grain in the human diet. Not only has arsenic (As) contamination decreased rice yield, but As accumulation in rice has also been a great human health concern for a few decades. New technologies have succeeded in removing As from water by nanomaterials. By all accounts, few studies have addressed CuO NP phytotoxicity to rice, and the interactions of CuO NPs with As are poorly described. The present study 1) reviews studies about the environmental behavior and phytotoxicity of CuO NPs and As and research about the interaction of CuO NPs with As in the environment, 2) discusses critically the potential mechanisms of CuO NP and As toxicity in plants and their interaction, and 3) proposes future research directions for solving the As problem in rice. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:11-20. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Birendra Dhungana
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - George P Cobb
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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127
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Nanoparticle-Based Plant Disease Management: Tools for Sustainable Agriculture. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE LIFE SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91161-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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128
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Apodaca SA, Tan W, Dominguez OE, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL. Physiological and biochemical effects of nanoparticulate copper, bulk copper, copper chloride, and kinetin in kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:2085-2094. [PMID: 28558431 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
It is essential to understand the interactions of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) with additives used in agriculture and their impacts on crop plants. In this study, kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants were grown in potting soil amended with either nano copper (nCu), bulk copper (bCu), or copper chloride (CuCl2) at 0, 50, and 100mg/kg, combined with 0, 10, or 100μM of kinetin (KN). Plant growth, Cu, micro and macroelement concentrations, chlorophyll content, and enzymatic activity were examined in 55-day old plants. Results showed that root Cu content was at least 10-fold higher, compared to other tissues. Accumulation of Cu in roots was decreased by 100μM KN up to 25%. A concentration-dependent increase of Cu content in leaves by Cu×KN was observed. Chlorophyll production was diminished by CuCl2+KN between 22 and 30%, showing a hormetic response. Catalase activity was repressed by 65% to 82% in bCu and CuCl2 treatments. From all essential elements, Ca, Mn, and P were reduced by 33% to 97% in bCu, CuCl2, and CuCl2+KN treatments. However, this did not impact stem elongation and tissue biomass that increased up to 55% under exposure to bCu and CuCl2. Our results demonstrate that KN combined with ionic Cu could have negative implications in kidney bean plants, since this combination impacted chlorophyll production and nutrient element accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A Apodaca
- Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Wenjuan Tan
- Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Osvaldo E Dominguez
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jose A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jose R Peralta-Videa
- Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States.
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129
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Ke M, Zhu Y, Zhang M, Gumai H, Zhang Z, Xu J, Qian H. Physiological and Molecular Response of Arabidopsis thaliana to CuO Nanoparticle (nCuO) Exposure. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 99:713-718. [PMID: 29098304 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The widespread application of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) results in ecological risk when nanoparticles enter the environment. This study clarifies the mechanism of nCuO toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings via comparison with copper (Cu) ion bioeffects. Under the same culture conditions, Cu2+ ion exposure exerted a stronger inhibitory effect on plant fresh weight and growth and caused stronger oxidative disruption (measured by malondialdehyde, MDA) than nCuO exposure. The Cu2+ ions also showed a stronger induction effect than did nCuO on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the transcription of antioxidant-related genes. Dissolved Cu2+ ions contributed a minority of the toxicity of nCuO, implying that nCuO itself showed relative strong phytotoxicity. The work presented here will help increase our understanding of the toxicity of metal nanoparticles in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Youchao Zhu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailiqieguli Gumai
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Xu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.
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130
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Ochoa L, Medina-Velo IA, Barrios AC, Bonilla-Bird NJ, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL. Modulation of CuO nanoparticles toxicity to green pea (Pisum sativum Fabaceae) by the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 598:513-524. [PMID: 28448940 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The response of plants to copper oxide nanoparticles (nano-CuO) in presence of exogenous phytohormones is unknown. In this study, green pea (Pisum sativum) plants were cultivated to full maturity in soil amended with nano-CuO (10-100nm, 74.3% Cu), bulk-CuO (bCuO, 100-10,000nm, 79.7% Cu), and CuCl2 at 50 and 100mg/kg and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at 10 and 100μM. Results showed that IAA at 10 and 100μM, averaged over all Cu treatments, reduced the number of plants by ~23% and ~34%, respectively. IAA at 10μM, nano-CuO at 50mg/kg, b-CuO at 50mg/kg, and CuCl2 at 100mg/kg reduced pod biomass by about 50%. Although some combinations of IAA, mainly at 100μM, with the Cu compounds altered nutrient accumulation in tissues, none of them affected pod elements. Conversely, without IAA, nano-CuO at 50mg/kg, increased pod Fe and Ni by 258% and 325%, respectively, while bCuO at 100mg/kg increased pod Ni by 275%, compared with control. With IAA at 10μM, nano-CuO (100mg/kg) and bCuO (50mg/kg) increased stem Cu by ~84% and ~78%. When IAA increased to 100μM, nano-CuO and bCuO reduced stem Ca by 32% and 37%, and Mg by ~35%. Results suggest that both the nano-CuO and bCuO could improve the nutritional quality of pea pods, while exogenous IAA combined with Cu-based compounds could impact green pea production since these treatments reduced the number of plants and pod biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Ochoa
- Environmental Science Master's Program, Geology Department, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Illya A Medina-Velo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Ana C Barrios
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Nestor J Bonilla-Bird
- Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jose A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jose R Peralta-Videa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States.
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131
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132
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Missaoui T, Smiri M, Chmingui H, Hafiane A. Effects of nanosized titanium dioxide on the photosynthetic metabolism of fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). C R Biol 2017; 340:499-511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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133
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Transformation of CuO Nanoparticles in the Aquatic Environment: Influence of pH, Electrolytes and Natural Organic Matter. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7100326. [PMID: 29036921 PMCID: PMC5666491 DOI: 10.3390/nano7100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown the effect of solution chemistry on the environmental behavior of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs), except CuO NPs. Here, we investigated the agglomeration, sedimentation, dissolution, and speciation of CuO NPs by varying pH, ionic strength, ionic valence, and natural organic matter (NOM). The results showed that as the pH moved away from 6, the size of CuO agglomerates decreased, along with the enhanced NP suspension stabilization, due to the increase of electrostatic repulsive force. Increasing ionic strength and valence intensified the agglomeration and sedimentation of CuO NPs because of the compression of electrical double layers. The presence of humic acid and citric acid enhanced the dispersion and stabilization of CuO NP suspension, but l-cysteine showed a different impact. Decreasing pH, increasing ionic strength and all NOM improved the dissolution of CuO NPs, but the divalent electrolyte (CaCl2) inhibited the Cu2+ release from CuO NPs compared to the monovalent electrolyte (NaCl). In addition, X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis demonstrated that the presence of l-cysteine transformed more than 30% of CuO NPs to Cu(I)-cysteine by coordinating with thiol group. This study can give us an in-depth understanding on the environmental behavior and fate of CuO NPs in the aquatic environment.
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134
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Zhang H, Yue M, Zheng X, Xie C, Zhou H, Li L. Physiological Effects of Single- and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Rice Seedlings. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2017. [DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2017.2715359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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135
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Duran NM, Savassa SM, Lima RGD, de Almeida E, Linhares FS, van Gestel CAM, Pereira de Carvalho HW. X-ray Spectroscopy Uncovering the Effects of Cu Based Nanoparticle Concentration and Structure on Phaseolus vulgaris Germination and Seedling Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7874-7884. [PMID: 28817280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles properties such as solubility, tunable surface charges, and singular reactivity might be explored to improve the performance of fertilizers. Nevertheless, these unique properties may also bring risks to the environment since the fate of nanoparticles is poorly understood. This study investigated the impact of a range of CuO nanoparticles sizes and concentrations on the germination and seedling development of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Nanoparticles did not affect seed germination, but seedling weight gain was promoted by 100 mg Cu L-1 and inhibited by 1 000 mg Cu L-1 of 25 nm CuO and CuSO4. Most of the Cu taken up remained in the seed coat with Cu hotspots in the hilum. X-ray absorption spectroscopy unraveled that most of the Cu remained in its pristine form. The higher surface reactivity of the 25 nm CuO nanoparticles might be responsible for its deleterious effects. The present study therefore highlights the importance of the nanoparticle structure for its physiological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia M Duran
- Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP) , Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416000, Brazil
| | - Susilaine M Savassa
- Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP) , Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Giovanini de Lima
- Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP) , Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Almeida
- Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP) , Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416000, Brazil
| | - Francisco S Linhares
- Laboratory of Plant Development and Structure (LaBDEV), Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP) , Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit , De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hudson W Pereira de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP) , Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416000, Brazil
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136
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Huang Y, Qiu W, Yu Z, Song Z. Toxic effect of cadmium adsorbed by different sizes of nano-hydroxyapatite on the growth of rice seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 52:1-7. [PMID: 28363128 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Information regarding the toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) adsorbed by nano-hydroxyapatite (NHAP-Cd) on the growth of crop plants remain limited. We investigated the mechanism of NHAP-Cd (diameters, 20 and 40nm; NHAP20-Cd and NHAP40-Cd, respectively) phytotoxicity. Rice seedlings treated with Cd and NHAP20-Cd showed more severe growth retardation compared to those treated with NHAP40-Cd, for the same Cd concentration. Transmission electron microscopy revealed NHAP in the seedlings. The nanoparticles entered the rice seedlings with no Cd2+ signals in the NHAP treatments compared to -0.47pmolcm-2s-1 of Cd2+ fluxes in the Cd treatment. The higher Cd2+ content in the leaves and mesocotyl of NHAP20-Cd-treated rice seedlings suggested that smaller NHAP-Cd can translocate easily to the aboveground parts. Further, NHAP-Cd increased oxidative stress, which was determined as catalase activity changes in this study. Thus, NHAP-Cd particles in the growth medium can be transported to rice seedlings and cause toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Huang
- Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Production Environment Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Weiwen Qiu
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Zhihong Yu
- Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Production Environment Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Zhengguo Song
- Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Production Environment Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin, 300191, China.
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137
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Servin AD, Pagano L, Castillo-Michel H, De la Torre-Roche R, Hawthorne J, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Loredo-Portales R, Majumdar S, Gardea-Torresday J, Dhankher OP, White JC. Weathering in soil increases nanoparticle CuO bioaccumulation within a terrestrial food chain. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:98-111. [PMID: 28024451 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1277274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the bioaccumulation of unweathered (U) and weathered (W) CuO in NP, bulk and ionic form (0-400 mg/kg) by lettuce exposed for 70 d in soil co-contaminated with field incurred chlordane. To evaluate CuO trophic transfer, leaves were fed to crickets (Acheta domestica) for 15 d, followed by insect feeding to lizards (Anolis carolinensis). Upon weathering, the root Cu content of the NP treatment increased 214% (327 ± 59.1 mg/kg) over unaged treatment. Cu root content decreased in bulk and ionic treatments from 70-130 mg/kg to 13-26 mg/kg upon aging in soil. Micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) analysis of W-NP-exposed roots showed a homogenous distribution of Cu (and Ca) in the tissues. Additionally, micro X-ray absorption near-edge (μ-XANES) analysis of W-NP-exposed roots showed near complete transformation of CuO to Cu (I)-sulfur and oxide complexes in the tissues, whereas in unweathered treatment, most root Cu remained as CuO. The expression level of nine genes involved in Cu transport shows that the mechanisms of CuO NPs (and bulk) response/accumulation are different than ionic Cu. The chlordane accumulation by lettuce upon co-exposure to CuO NPs significantly increased upon weathering. Conversely, bulk and ionic exposures decreased pesticide accumulation by plant upon weathering. The Cu cricket fecal content from U-NP-exposed insects was significantly greater than the bulk or ion treatments, suggesting a higher initial NP accumulation followed by significantly greater elimination during depuration. In the lizard, Cu content in the intestine, body and head did not differ as a function of weathering. This study demonstrates that CuO NPs may undergo transformation processes in soil upon weathering that subsequently impact NPs availability in terrestrial food chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia D Servin
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Luca Pagano
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
- b Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , MA , USA
- c Department of Life Sciences , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | | | - Roberto De la Torre-Roche
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Joseph Hawthorne
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| | | | - René Loredo-Portales
- f Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta s/n 36000 , Guanajuato , Mexico
- g Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste , Basovizza , Italy
| | - Sanghamitra Majumdar
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jorge Gardea-Torresday
- e Chemistry Department , University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso , TX , USA
- h University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN) , El Paso , TX , USA
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- b Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , MA , USA
| | - Jason C White
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
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138
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Hou J, Wang X, Hayat T, Wang X. Ecotoxicological effects and mechanism of CuO nanoparticles to individual organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 221:209-217. [PMID: 27939631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are used extensively in a variety of applications such as antimicrobial agent, photo-catalyst and gas sensors. The expanding production and widespread utilization of CuO NPs may pose risks to individual organisms and ecosystem. Comprehensive understanding the CuO NPs-induced adverse effects and their underlying mechanism are of great importance to assess the environmental risk of CuO NPs and to expand their use safely. However, toxic effects of CuO NPs to individual organisms and the mechanism of their action are still deficient and ambiguities. To ensure the safely use of CuO NPs, more attention should be paid on the long-term and chronic effects of CuO NPs at low concentration. Efforts should be devoted to develop techniques to differentiate toxicities induced by CuO NPs or dissolved Cu2+, and to reduce the toxicity of CuO NPs by controlling the particle diameter, modifying surface characteristic, selecting proper exposure route and regulating the release of Cu2+ from CuO NPs. This review provides a brief overview of toxicity of CuO NPs to individual organisms with a broad range of taxa (microorganisms, algae, plants, invertebrates and vertebrates) and to discuss the underlying toxicity mechanisms including oxidative stress, dynamic unbalance and coordination effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xiangxue Wang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, PR China
| | - Tasawar Hayat
- NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiangke Wang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, PR China; NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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139
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Rizwan M, Ali S, Qayyum MF, Ok YS, Adrees M, Ibrahim M, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Farid M, Abbas F. Effect of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles on growth and physiology of globally important food crops: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 322:2-16. [PMID: 27267650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of engineered metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have increased in the environment due to increasing demand of NPs based products. This is causing a major concern for sustainable agriculture. This review presents the effects of NPs on agricultural crops at biochemical, physiological and molecular levels. Numerous studies showed that metal and metal oxide NPs affected the growth, yield and quality of important agricultural crops. The NPs altered mineral nutrition, photosynthesis and caused oxidative stress and induced genotoxicity in crops. The activities of antioxidant enzymes increased at low NPs toxicity while decreased at higher NPs toxicity in crops. Due to exposure of crop plants to NPs, the concentration of NPs increased in different plant parts including fruits and grains which could transfer to the food chain and pose a threat to human health. In conclusion, most of the NPs have both positive and negative effects on crops at physiological, morphological, biochemical and molecular levels. The effects of NPs on crop plants vary greatly with plant species, growth stages, growth conditions, method, dose, and duration of NPs exposure along with other factors. Further research orientation is also discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama, Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama, Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Centre and Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama, Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama, Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama, Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
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140
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Prasad R, Gupta N, Kumar M, Kumar V, Wang S, Abd-Elsalam KA. Nanomaterials Act as Plant Defense Mechanism. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017:253-269. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4678-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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141
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Ji Y, Zhou Y, Ma C, Feng Y, Hao Y, Rui Y, Wu W, Gui X, Le VN, Han Y, Wang Y, Xing B, Liu L, Cao W. Jointed toxicity of TiO 2 NPs and Cd to rice seedlings: NPs alleviated Cd toxicity and Cd promoted NPs uptake. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 110:82-93. [PMID: 27193349 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that nanoparticles (NPs) and heavy metals are toxic to the environment. However, the jointed toxicity is not yet well understood. This study was aimed to investigate the combined toxicity of TiO2 NPs and the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) to plants. Rice (Oryzasativa L.) was selected as the target plant. The rice seedlings were randomly separated into 12 groups and treated with CdCl2 (0, 10 and 20 mg/L) and TiO2 NPs (0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L). The plant height, biomass and root length indicated significant toxicity of Cd to the growth, but TiO2 NPs exhibited the potential ability to alleviate the Cd toxicity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) confirmed the existence of TiO2 NPs in plants. Elemental analysis of Ti and Cd suggested that the presences of Cd significantly decreased the Ti accumulation in the rice roots in the co-exposure treatments. Interestingly, TiO2 NPs could lower the Cd uptake and distribution in rice roots and leaves. The results of antioxidant enzyme activity, lipid peroxide as well as phytohormones varied in the different treatments. Comparing with the Cd alone treatment, the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content were significantly increased in the co-exposure treatments, suggesting that TiO2 NPs could tremendously reduce the Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Hao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yukui Rui
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Wenhao Wu
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Xin Gui
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Van Nhan Le
- Center for Training, Consultancy and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam
| | - Yaning Han
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingcai Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Liming Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weidong Cao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
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142
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de la Rosa G, García-Castañeda C, Vázquez-Núñez E, Alonso-Castro ÁJ, Basurto-Islas G, Mendoza Á, Cruz-Jiménez G, Molina C. Physiological and biochemical response of plants to engineered NMs: Implications on future design. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 110:226-235. [PMID: 27328789 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) form the basis of a great number of commodities that are used in several areas including energy, coatings, electronics, medicine, chemicals and catalysts, among others. In addition, these materials are being explored for agricultural purposes. For this reason, the amount of ENMs present as nanowaste has significantly increased in the last few years, and it is expected that ENMs levels in the environment will increase even more in the future. Because plants form the basis of the food chain, they may also function as a point-of-entry of ENMs for other living systems. Understanding the interactions of ENMs with the plant system and their role in their potential accumulation in the food chain will provide knowledge that may serve as a decision-making framework for the future design of ENMs. The purpose of this paper was to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the transport and uptake of selected ENMs, including Carbon Based Nanomaterials (CBNMs) in plants, and the implication on plant exposure in terms of the effects at the macro, micro, and molecular level. We also discuss the interaction of ENMs with soil microorganisms. With this information, we suggest some directions on future design and areas where research needs to be strengthened. We also discuss the need for finding models that can predict the behavior of ENMs based on their chemical and thermodynamic nature, in that few efforts have been made within this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe de la Rosa
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico.
| | - Concepción García-Castañeda
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
| | - Edgar Vázquez-Núñez
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
| | | | - Gustavo Basurto-Islas
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
| | - Ángeles Mendoza
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
| | - Gustavo Cruz-Jiménez
- División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Col. N. Alta s/n Guanajuato, Gto., C.P. 36050, Mexico
| | - Carlos Molina
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
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143
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Zuverza-Mena N, Martínez-Fernández D, Du W, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Bonilla-Bird N, López-Moreno ML, Komárek M, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL. Exposure of engineered nanomaterials to plants: Insights into the physiological and biochemical responses-A review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 110:236-264. [PMID: 27289187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations show that carbon-based and metal-based engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), components of consumer goods and agricultural products, have the potential to build up in sediments and biosolid-amended agricultural soils. In addition, reports indicate that both carbon-based and metal-based ENMs affect plants differently at the physiological, biochemical, nutritional, and genetic levels. The toxicity threshold is species-dependent and responses to ENMs are driven by a series of factors including the nanomaterial characteristics and environmental conditions. Effects on the growth, physiological and biochemical traits, production and food quality, among others, have been reported. However, a complete understanding of the dynamics of interactions between plants and ENMs is not clear enough yet. This review presents recent publications on the physiological and biochemical effects that commercial carbon-based and metal-based ENMs have in terrestrial plants. This document focuses on crop plants because of their relevance in human nutrition and health. We have summarized the mechanisms of interaction between plants and ENMs as well as identified gaps in knowledge for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Domingo Martínez-Fernández
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Wenchao Du
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jose A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Nestor Bonilla-Bird
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Martha L López-Moreno
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagu¨ez, Mayagu¨ez, PR 00680, USA
| | - Michael Komárek
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jose R Peralta-Videa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA; Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA; Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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144
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Marslin G, Sheeba CJ, Franklin G. Nanoparticles Alter Secondary Metabolism in Plants via ROS Burst. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:832. [PMID: 28580002 PMCID: PMC5437210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The particles within the size range of 1 and 100 nm are known as nanoparticles (NPs). NP-containing wastes released from household, industrial and medical products are emerging as a new threat to the environment. Plants, being fixed to the two major environmental sinks where NPs accumulate - namely water and soil, cannot escape the impact of nanopollution. Recent studies have shown that plant growth, development and physiology are significantly affected by NPs. But, the effect of NPs on plant secondary metabolism is still obscure. The induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following interactions with NPs has been observed consistently across plant species. Taking into account the existing link between ROS and secondary signaling messengers that lead to transcriptional regulation of secondary metabolism, in this perspective we put forward the argument that ROS induced in plants upon their interaction with NPs will likely interfere with plant secondary metabolism. As plant secondary metabolites play vital roles in plant performance, communication, and adaptation, a comprehensive understanding of plant secondary metabolism in response to NPs is an utmost priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Marslin
- Chinese–German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong, China
| | - Caroline J. Sheeba
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Franklin
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
- *Correspondence: Gregory Franklin,
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145
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Du W, Tan W, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL, Ji R, Yin Y, Guo H. Interaction of metal oxide nanoparticles with higher terrestrial plants: Physiological and biochemical aspects. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 110:210-225. [PMID: 27137632 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Multiple applications of metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) could result in their accumulation in soil, threatening higher terrestrial plants. Several reports have shown the effects of MONPs on plants. In this review, we analyze the most recent reports about the physiological and biochemical responses of plants to stress imposed by MONPs. Findings demonstrate that MONPs may be taken up and accumulated in plant tissues causing adverse or beneficial effects on seed germination, seedling elongation, photosynthesis, antioxidative stress response, agronomic, and yield characteristics. Given the importance of determining the potential risks of MONPs on crops and other terrestrial higher plants, research questions about field long-term conditions, transgenernational phytotoxicity, genotype specific sensitivity, and combined pollution problems should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Wenjuan Tan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jose R Peralta-Videa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China.
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146
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Zinc sulfide nanoparticle mediated alterations in growth and anti-oxidant status of Brassica juncea. Biologia (Bratisl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2016-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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147
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Wright M, Adams J, Yang K, McManus P, Jacobson A, Gade A, McLean J, Britt D, Anderson A. A Root-Colonizing Pseudomonad Lessens Stress Responses in Wheat Imposed by CuO Nanoparticles. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164635. [PMID: 27776146 PMCID: PMC5077138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NPs) containing essential metals are being considered in formulations of fertilizers to boost plant nutrition in soils with low metal bioavailability. This paper addresses whether colonization of wheat roots by the bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 (PcO6), protected roots from the reduced elongation caused by CuO NPs. There was a trend for slightly elongated roots when seedlings with roots colonized by PcO6 were grown with CuO NPs; the density of bacterial cells on the root surface was not altered by the NPs. Accumulations of reactive oxygen species in the plant root cells caused by CuO NPs were little affected by root colonization. However, bacterial colonization did reduce the extent of expression of an array of genes associated with plant responses to stress induced by root exposure to CuO NPs. PcO6 colonization also reduced the levels of two important chelators of Cu ions, citric and malic acids, in the rhizosphere solution; presumably because these acids were used as nutrients for bacterial growth. There was a trend for lower levels of soluble Cu in the rhizosphere solution and reduced Cu loads in the true leaves with PcO6 colonization. These studies indicate that root colonization by bacterial cells modulates plant responses to contact with CuO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Wright
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322 4105, United States of America
| | - Joshua Adams
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322 5305, United States of America
| | - Kwang Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322 4105, United States of America
| | - Paul McManus
- Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84321, United States of America
| | - Astrid Jacobson
- Plants Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322 4820, United States of America
| | - Aniket Gade
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322 4105, United States of America
| | - Joan McLean
- Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84321, United States of America
| | - David Britt
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322 5305, United States of America
| | - Anne Anderson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322 4105, United States of America
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148
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Reddy PVL, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL. Lessons learned: Are engineered nanomaterials toxic to terrestrial plants? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 568:470-479. [PMID: 27314900 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The expansion of nanotechnology and its ubiquitous applications has fostered unavoidable interaction between engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and plants. Recent research has shown ambiguous results with regard to the impact of ENMs in plants. On one hand, there are reports that show hazardous effects, while on the other hand, some reports highlight positive effects. This uncertainty whether the ENMs are primarily hazardous or whether they have a potential for propitious impact on plants, has raised questions in the scientific community. In this review, we tried to demystify this ambiguity by citing various exposure studies of different ENMs (nano-Ag, nano-Au, nano-Si, nano-CeO2, nano-TiO2, nano-CuO, nano-ZnO, and CNTs, among others) and their effects on various groups of plant families. After scrutinizing the most recent literature, it seems that the divergence in the research results may be possibly attributed to multiple factors such as ENM properties, plant species, soil dynamics, and soil microbial community. The analysis of the literature also suggests that there is a knowledge gap on the effects of ENMs towards changes in color, texture, shape, and nutritional aspects on ENM exposed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Venkata Laxma Reddy
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - J A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Chemistry Department, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - J R Peralta-Videa
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Chemistry Department, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - J L Gardea-Torresdey
- Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Chemistry Department, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West Univ. Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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149
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Yuan J, He A, Huang S, Hua J, Sheng GD. Internalization and Phytotoxic Effects of CuO Nanoparticles in Arabidopsis thaliana as Revealed by Fatty Acid Profiles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10437-10447. [PMID: 27628069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Internalization and phytotoxic effects of CuO nanoparticles (nCuO) in plants were studied at the cellular level. Arabidopsis thaliana was hydroponically challenged by nCuO (100 mg/L), as compared to Cu2+ ions (1.2 mg/L), to account for nCuO dissolution for 96 h and 28 days to monitor Cu accumulation in the plant as well as the fatty acid (FA) profiles of the plant cell membrane. Under the same growing conditions, the nCuO exposure resulted in more Cu accumulation than did the Cu2+ exposure. Multiple microscopic techniques confirmed the internalization and sequestration of nCuO in root cell vacuoles, where transformation of Cu(II) to Cu(I)Cl occurred. Short and long exposures (96 h versus 28 days) to both nCuO and Cu2+ elevated FA saturation degrees in plant cells through oxidative stress, as verified by in situ detection of superoxide radicals, with conversions mostly from C18:3, C16:3, and C18:2 to C16:0. Only the long exposure to nCuO significantly brought about an additional elevation of FA saturation degree in root cells. These results demonstrated that the acute effects of plant exposure to nCuO were mainly produced from the stress of Cu2+ ions released from nCuO dissolution, while the chronic effects in roots were significantly developed by the nCuO particle stress. The findings in this work are novel and may offer significant implications in better understanding nanoparticle-induced phytotoxicity and potential risks in ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Anfei He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shidi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
| | - G Daniel Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
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150
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Chibber S, Shanker R. Can CuO nanoparticles lead to epigenetic regulation of antioxidant enzyme system? J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:84-91. [PMID: 27687502 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Copper has been used from ancient time in various applications. Scientists have exploited its means of exposure and consequences to living organisms. The peculiar property of nanomaterials that is a high surface to volume ratio has increased the range of application in products. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are widely used in industrial applications such as semiconductor devices, gas sensor, batteries, solar energy converter, microelectronics, heat transfer fluids and consumer products. In contrast, acute toxicity of CuO NPs has also been reported. Subsequently, human and environmental health may be at a high risk. Their frequent use can also contaminate ecosystems. Therefore, the toxicity of CuO NPs needs to be thoroughly understood. In this review, we have tried to discuss the recent facts and mechanism that have been explored for CuO NPs-induced toxicity at a cellular, in vivo and ecotoxicological level. Accordingly, the main cause for induction of toxicity by CuO NPs is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) followed by the mitochondrial destruction that leads to apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway or under the condition such as hypoxia cell on exposure to CuO NPs may commit to necrosis. Moreover, CuO NPs also result in activation of MAPK pathways, ERKs and JNK/SAPK thus play an important role in the activation of AP-1. Furthermore, CuO NPs also leads to up-regulation of p53 and caspase three genes. Therefore, careful measures are required to explore omic technology to understand the molecular mechanism of the deleterious effects caused by CuO NPs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandesh Chibber
- School of Arts and Science, Division of Biology and Life Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Rishi Shanker
- School of Arts and Science, Division of Biology and Life Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
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