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Lee HJ, Pham T, Chang MT, Barnes D, Cai AG, Noubade R, Totpal K, Chen X, Tran C, Hagenbeek T, Wu X, Eastham-Anderson J, Tao J, Lee W, Bastian BC, Carbone M, Webster JD, Dey A. The Tumor Suppressor BAP1 Regulates the Hippo Pathway in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1656-1668. [PMID: 31988076 PMCID: PMC11161028 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The deubiquitinating enzyme BAP1 is mutated in a hereditary cancer syndrome with a high risk for mesothelioma and melanocytic tumors. Here, we show that pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia driven by oncogenic mutant KrasG12D progressed to pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the absence of BAP1. The Hippo pathway was deregulated in BAP1-deficient pancreatic tumors, with the tumor suppressor LATS exhibiting enhanced ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Therefore, BAP1 may limit tumor progression by stabilizing LATS and thereby promoting activity of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. SIGNIFICANCE: BAP1 is mutated in a broad spectrum of tumors. Pancreatic Bap1 deficiency causes acinar atrophy but combines with oncogenic Ras to produce pancreatic tumors. BAP1-deficient tumors exhibit deregulation of the Hippo pathway.See related commentary by Brekken, p. 1624.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-June Lee
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Trang Pham
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Matthew T Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Dwight Barnes
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Allen G Cai
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Rajkumar Noubade
- Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Klara Totpal
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Xu Chen
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Christopher Tran
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Thijs Hagenbeek
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Xiumin Wu
- Translational Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Janet Tao
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Wyne Lee
- Translational Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Boris C Bastian
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Michele Carbone
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Joshua D Webster
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California.
| | - Anwesha Dey
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California.
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102
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New Insights in the IP 3 Receptor and Its Regulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1131:243-270. [PMID: 31646513 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) is a Ca2+-release channel mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Three IP3R isoforms are responsible for the generation of intracellular Ca2+ signals that may spread across the entire cell or occur locally in so-called microdomains. Because of their ubiquitous expression, these channels are involved in the regulation of a plethora of cellular processes, including cell survival and cell death. To exert their proper function a fine regulation of their activity is of paramount importance. In this review, we will highlight the recent advances in the structural analysis of the IP3R and try to link these data with the newest information concerning IP3R activation and regulation. A special focus of this review will be directed towards the regulation of the IP3R by protein-protein interaction. Especially the protein family formed by calmodulin and related Ca2+-binding proteins and the pro- and anti-apoptotic/autophagic Bcl-2-family members will be highlighted. Finally, recently identified and novel IP3R regulatory proteins will be discussed. A number of these interactions are involved in cancer development, illustrating the potential importance of modulating IP3R-mediated Ca2+ signaling in cancer treatment.
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103
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Singh JP, Qian K, Lee JS, Zhou J, Han X, Zhang B, Ong Q, Ni W, Jiang M, Ruan HB, Li MD, Zhang K, Ding Z, Lee P, Singh K, Wu J, Herzog RI, Kaech S, Wendel HG, Yates JR, Han W, Sherwin RS, Nie Y, Yang X. O-GlcNAcase targets pyruvate kinase M2 to regulate tumor growth. Oncogene 2020; 39:560-573. [PMID: 31501520 PMCID: PMC7107572 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are known to adopt aerobic glycolysis in order to fuel tumor growth, but the molecular basis of this metabolic shift remains largely undefined. O-GlcNAcase (OGA) is an enzyme harboring O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) hydrolase and cryptic lysine acetyltransferase activities. Here, we report that OGA is upregulated in a wide range of human cancers and drives aerobic glycolysis and tumor growth by inhibiting pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). PKM2 is dynamically O-GlcNAcylated in response to changes in glucose availability. Under high glucose conditions, PKM2 is a target of OGA-associated acetyltransferase activity, which facilitates O-GlcNAcylation of PKM2 by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). O-GlcNAcylation inhibits PKM2 catalytic activity and thereby promotes aerobic glycolysis and tumor growth. These studies define a causative role for OGA in tumor progression and reveal PKM2 O-GlcNAcylation as a metabolic rheostat that mediates exquisite control of aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Singh
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Kevin Qian
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Jeong-Sang Lee
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Jinfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuemei Han
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bichen Zhang
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Qunxiang Ong
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiming Ni
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Mingzuo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Bin Ruan
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Min-Dian Li
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Kaisi Zhang
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Zhaobing Ding
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip Lee
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kamini Singh
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jing Wu
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Raimund I Herzog
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Susan Kaech
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Hans-Guido Wendel
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Weiping Han
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Robert S Sherwin
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
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104
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Zhao L, Li M, Wei T, Feng C, Wu T, Shah JA, Liu H, Wang F, Cai Y, Jin J. O-GlcNAc-Modification of NSL3 at Thr755 Site Maintains the Holoenzyme Activity of MOF/NSL Histone Acetyltransfease Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010173. [PMID: 31881804 PMCID: PMC6981688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both OGT1 (O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase isoform 1) and NSL3 (nonspecific lethal protein 3) are crucial components of the MOF (males absent on the first)/NSL histone acetyltransferase complex. We previously described how global histone H4 acetylation levels were modulated by OGT1/O-GlcNAcylation-mediated NSL3 stability. However, the specific modification site of NSL3 and its molecular mechanism of protein stability remain unknown. Here, we present evidence from biochemical experiments arguing that O-GlcNAcylation of NSL3 at Thr755 is tightly associated with holoenzyme activity of the MOF/NSL complex. Using in vitro O-GlcNAc-transferase assays combined with mass spectrometry, we suppose that the residue Thr755 on NSL3 C-terminus is the major site O-GlcNAc-modified by OGT1. Importantly, O-GlcNAcylation of this site is involved in the regulation of the ubiquitin-degradation of NSL3, because this site mutation (T755A) promotes the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of NSL3. Further in-depth research found that ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 S (UBE2S) accelerated the degradation of NSL3 via direct binding to it. Interestingly, OGT1 and UBE2S competitively bind to NSL3, suggesting the coordination of OGT1-UBE2S in regulating NSL3 stability. Furthermore, O-GlcNAcylation of NSL3 Thr755 site regulates the histone H4 acetylation levels at lysine 5, 8, and 16, suggesting that the O-GlcNAcylation of NSL3 at Thr755 is required for maintaining the integrity and holoenzyme activity of the MOF/NSL complex. In colony formation assays, we found that the integrity of the complex impacts the proliferation of the lung carcinoma type II epithelium-like A549 cells. Taken together, our results provide new insight into the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of the MOF/NSL complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Min Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Tao Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Chang Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Tingting Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Junaid Ali Shah
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Hongsen Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (J.J.); Tel.: +86-431-8515-5475 (Y.C. & J.J.)
| | - Jingji Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin 130012, China; (L.Z.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (C.F.); (T.W.); (J.A.S.); (H.L.); (F.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (J.J.); Tel.: +86-431-8515-5475 (Y.C. & J.J.)
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105
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Chen PH, Hu J, Wu J, Huynh DT, Smith TJ, Pan S, Bisnett BJ, Smith AB, Lu A, Condon BM, Chi JT, Boyce M. Gigaxonin glycosylation regulates intermediate filament turnover and may impact giant axonal neuropathy etiology or treatment. JCI Insight 2019; 5:127751. [PMID: 31944090 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gigaxonin (also known as KLHL16) is an E3 ligase adaptor protein that promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Mutations in human gigaxonin cause the fatal neurodegenerative disease giant axonal neuropathy (GAN), in which IF proteins accumulate and aggregate in axons throughout the nervous system, impairing neuronal function and viability. Despite this pathophysiological significance, the upstream regulation and downstream effects of normal and aberrant gigaxonin function remain incompletely understood. Here, we report that gigaxonin is modified by <italic>O</italic>-linked β-<italic>N</italic>-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a prevalent form of intracellular glycosylation, in a nutrient- and growth factor–dependent manner. MS analyses of human gigaxonin revealed 9 candidate sites of O-GlcNAcylation, 2 of which — serine 272 and threonine 277 — are required for its ability to mediate IF turnover in gigaxonin-deficient human cell models that we created. Taken together, the results suggest that nutrient-responsive gigaxonin O-GlcNAcylation forms a regulatory link between metabolism and IF proteostasis. Our work may have significant implications for understanding the nongenetic modifiers of GAN phenotypes and for the optimization of gene therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Chen
- Department of Biochemistry.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and.,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jianli Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and.,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Samuel Pan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and.,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Alexander B Smith
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and.,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Annie Lu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and.,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and.,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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106
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van Pijkeren A, Bischoff R, Kwiatkowski M. Mass spectrometric analysis of PTM dynamics using stable isotope labeled metabolic precursors in cell culture. Analyst 2019; 144:6812-6833. [PMID: 31650141 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01258c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biological organisms represent highly dynamic systems, which are continually exposed to environmental factors and always strive to restore steady-state homeostasis. Posttranslational modifications are key regulators with which biological systems respond to external stimuli. To understand how homeostasis is restored, it is important to study the kinetics of posttranslational modifications. In this review we discuss proteomic approaches using stable isotope labeled metabolic precursors to study dynamics of posttranslational modifications in cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alienke van Pijkeren
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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107
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Rahmani S, Defferrari MS, Wakarchuk WW, Antonescu CN. Energetic adaptations: Metabolic control of endocytic membrane traffic. Traffic 2019; 20:912-931. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Rahmani
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyRyerson University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | | | - Warren W. Wakarchuk
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyRyerson University Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Costin N. Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyRyerson University Toronto Ontario Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
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108
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Zhang B, Li MD, Yin R, Liu Y, Yang Y, Mitchell-Richards KA, Nam JH, Li R, Wang L, Iwakiri Y, Chung D, Robert ME, Ehrlich BE, Bennett AM, Yu J, Nathanson MH, Yang X. O-GlcNAc transferase suppresses necroptosis and liver fibrosis. JCI Insight 2019; 4:127709. [PMID: 31672932 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, over a billion people suffer from chronic liver diseases, which often lead to fibrosis and then cirrhosis. Treatments for fibrosis remain experimental, in part because no unifying mechanism has been identified that initiates liver fibrosis. Necroptosis has been implicated in multiple liver diseases. Here, we report that O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification protects against hepatocyte necroptosis and initiation of liver fibrosis. Decreased O-GlcNAc levels were seen in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and in mice with ethanol-induced liver injury. Liver-specific O-GlcNAc transferase-KO (OGT-LKO) mice exhibited hepatomegaly and ballooning degeneration at an early age and progressed to liver fibrosis and portal inflammation by 10 weeks of age. OGT-deficient hepatocytes underwent excessive necroptosis and exhibited elevated protein expression levels of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), which are key mediators of necroptosis. Furthermore, glycosylation of RIPK3 by OGT is associated with reduced RIPK3 protein stability. Taken together, these findings identify OGT as a key suppressor of hepatocyte necroptosis, and OGT-LKO mice may serve as an effective spontaneous genetic model of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bichen Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Min-Dian Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Ruonan Yin
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jin Hyun Nam
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and.,Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Dongjun Chung
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anton M Bennett
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and.,Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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109
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Liu L, Li L, Ma C, Shi Y, Liu C, Xiao Z, Zhang Y, Tian F, Gao Y, Zhang J, Ying W, Wang PG, Zhang L. O-GlcNAcylation of Thr 12/Ser 56 in short-form O-GlcNAc transferase (sOGT) regulates its substrate selectivity. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:16620-16633. [PMID: 31527085 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a ubiquitous protein glycosylation playing different roles on variant proteins. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is the unique enzyme responsible for the sugar addition to nucleocytoplasmic proteins. Recently, multiple O-GlcNAc sites have been observed on short-form OGT (sOGT) and nucleocytoplasmic OGT (ncOGT), both of which locate in the nucleus and cytoplasm in cell. Moreover, O-GlcNAcylation of Ser389 in ncOGT (1036 amino acids) affects its nuclear translocation in HeLa cells. To date, the major O-GlcNAcylation sites and their roles in sOGT remain unknown. Here, we performed LC-MS/MS and mutational analyses to seek the major O-GlcNAcylation site on sOGT. We identified six O-GlcNAc sites in the tetratricopeptide repeat domain in sOGT, with Thr12 and Ser56 being two "key" sites. Thr12 is a dominant O-GlcNAcylation site, whereas the modification of Ser56 plays a role in regulating sOGT O-GlcNAcylation, partly through Thr12 In vitro activity and pulldown assays demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation does not affect sOGT activity but does affect sOGT-interacting proteins. In HEK293T cells, S56A bound to and hence glycosylated more proteins in contrast to T12A and WT sOGT. By proteomic and bioinformatics analyses, we found that T12A and S56A differed in substrate proteins (e.g. HNRNPU and PDCD6IP), which eventually affected cell cycle progression and/or cell proliferation. These findings demonstrate that O-GlcNAcylation modulates sOGT substrate selectivity and affects its role in the cell. The data also highlight the regulatory role of O-GlcNAcylation at Thr12 and Ser56.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
| | - Yangde Shi
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Zikang Xiao
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China.,West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Research Center, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, MOH, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wantao Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China.,Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
| | - Lianwen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
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110
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Jo S, Lockridge A, Alejandro EU. eIF4G1 and carboxypeptidase E axis dysregulation in O-GlcNAc transferase-deficient pancreatic β-cells contributes to hyperproinsulinemia in mice. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13040-13050. [PMID: 31300553 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An early hallmark of type 2 diabetes is a failure of proinsulin-to-insulin processing in pancreatic β-cells, resulting in hyperproinsulinemia. Proinsulin processing is quite sensitive to nutrient flux, and β-cell-specific deletion of the nutrient-sensing protein modifier OGlcNAc transferase (βOGTKO) causes β-cell failure and diabetes, including early development of hyperproinsulinemia. The mechanisms underlying this latter defect are unknown. Here, using several approaches, including site-directed mutagenesis, Click O-GlcNAc labeling, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence and EM imaging, we provide the first evidence for a relationship between the O-GlcNAcylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4γ1 (eIF4G1) and carboxypeptidase E (CPE)-dependent proinsulin processing in βOGTKO mice. We first established that βOGTKO hyperproinsulinemia is independent of age, sex, glucose levels, and endoplasmic reticulum-CCAAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP)-mediated stress status. Of note, OGT loss was associated with a reduction in β-cell-resident CPE, and genetic reconstitution of CPE in βOGTKO islets rescued the dysfunctional proinsulin-to-insulin ratio. We show that although CPE is not directly OGlcNAc modified in islets, overexpression of the suspected OGT target eIF4G1, previously shown to regulate CPE translation in β-cells, increases islet CPE levels, and fully reverses βOGTKO islet-induced hyperproinsulinemia. Furthermore, our results reveal that OGT O-GlcNAc-modifies eIF4G1 at Ser-61 and that this modification is critical for eIF4G1 protein stability. Together, these results indicate a direct link between nutrient-sensitive OGT and insulin processing, underscoring the importance of post-translational O-GlcNAc modification in general cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokwon Jo
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Amber Lockridge
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Emilyn U Alejandro
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.
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111
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Lane EA, Choi DW, Garcia-Haro L, Levine ZG, Tedoldi M, Walker S, Danial NN. HCF-1 Regulates De Novo Lipogenesis through a Nutrient-Sensitive Complex with ChREBP. Mol Cell 2019; 75:357-371.e7. [PMID: 31227231 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcriptional regulator of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) in response to carbohydrates and in hepatic steatosis. Mechanisms underlying nutrient modulation of ChREBP are under active investigation. Here we identify host cell factor 1 (HCF-1) as a previously unknown ChREBP-interacting protein that is enriched in liver biopsies of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients. Biochemical and genetic studies show that HCF-1 is O-GlcNAcylated in response to glucose as a prerequisite for its binding to ChREBP and subsequent recruitment of OGT, ChREBP O-GlcNAcylation, and activation. The HCF-1:ChREBP complex resides at lipogenic gene promoters, where HCF-1 regulates H3K4 trimethylation to prime recruitment of the Jumonji C domain-containing histone demethylase PHF2 for epigenetic activation of these promoters. Overall, these findings define HCF-1's interaction with ChREBP as a previously unappreciated mechanism whereby glucose signals are both relayed to ChREBP and transmitted for epigenetic regulation of lipogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Lane
- The Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luisa Garcia-Haro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zebulon G Levine
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Meghan Tedoldi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Suzanne Walker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nika N Danial
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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112
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Minocha S, Herr W. Cortical and Commissural Defects Upon HCF-1 Loss in Nkx2.1-Derived Embryonic Neurons and Glia. Dev Neurobiol 2019; 79:578-595. [PMID: 31207118 PMCID: PMC6771735 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Formation of the cerebral cortex and commissures involves a complex developmental process defined by multiple molecular mechanisms governing proliferation of neuronal and glial precursors, neuronal and glial migration, and patterning events. Failure in any of these processes can lead to malformations. Here, we study the role of HCF-1 in these processes. HCF-1 is a conserved metazoan transcriptional co-regulator long implicated in cell proliferation and more recently in human metabolic disorders and mental retardation. Loss of HCF-1 in a subset of ventral telencephalic Nkx2.1-positive progenitors leads to reduced numbers of GABAergic interneurons and glia, owing not to decreased proliferation but rather to increased apoptosis before cell migration. The loss of these cells leads to development of severe commissural and cortical defects in early postnatal mouse brains. These defects include mild and severe structural defects of the corpus callosum and anterior commissure, respectively, and increased folding of the cortex resembling polymicrogyria. Hence, in addition to its well-established role in cell proliferation, HCF-1 is important for organ development, here the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Minocha
- Center for Integrative Genomics, GénopodeUniversity of LausanneLausanneCH‐1015Switzerland
| | - Winship Herr
- Center for Integrative Genomics, GénopodeUniversity of LausanneLausanneCH‐1015Switzerland
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113
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Zhao M, Xiong X, Ren K, Xu B, Cheng M, Sahu C, Wu K, Nie Y, Huang Z, Blumberg RS, Han X, Ruan HB. Deficiency in intestinal epithelial O-GlcNAcylation predisposes to gut inflammation. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708736. [PMID: 29941542 PMCID: PMC6079539 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) allow for precise control in intestinal homeostasis, the breakdown of which may precipitate the pathological damage and inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. The O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification on intracellular proteins controls diverse biological processes; however, its roles in intestinal homeostasis are still largely unexplored. Here, we found that levels of protein O-GlcNAcylation and the expression of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), the enzyme adding the O-GlcNAc moiety, were reduced in IECs in human IBD patients. Deletion of OGT specifically in IECs resulted in disrupted epithelial barrier, microbial dysbiosis, Paneth cell dysfunction, and intestinal inflammation in mice. Using fecal microbiota transplantation in mice, we demonstrated that microbial dysbiosis although was insufficient to induce spontaneous inflammation but exacerbated chemical-induced colitis. Paneth cell-specific deletion of OGT led to Paneth cell dysfunction, which might predispose mice to chemical-induced colitis. On the other hand, the augmentation of O-GlcNAc signaling by inhibiting O-GlcNAcase, the enzyme removing O-GlcNAcylation, alleviated chemical-induced colitis. Our data reveal that protein O-GlcNAcylation in IECs controls key regulatory mechanisms to maintain mucosal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.,Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xiwen Xiong
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Kaiqun Ren
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chinmayi Sahu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zan Huang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaonan Han
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,MOH Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Bin Ruan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China .,Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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114
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Gao J, Yang Y, Qiu R, Zhang K, Teng X, Liu R, Wang Y. Proteomic analysis of the OGT interactome: novel links to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of cervical cancer. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:1222-1234. [PMID: 30052810 PMCID: PMC6175026 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in gene regulation and tumor invasion is poorly understood. Here, we have identified several previously undiscovered OGT-interacting proteins, including the PRMT5/WDR77 complex, the PRC2 complex, the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family, the CRL4B complex and the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex. Genome-wide analysis of target genes responsive to OGT resulted in identification of a cohort of genes including SNAI1 and ING4 that are critically involved in cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition and invasion/metastasis. We have demonstrated that OGT promotes carcinogenesis and metastasis of cervical cancer cells. OGT’s expression is significantly upregulated in cervical cancer, and low OGT level is correlated with improved prognosis. Our study has thus revealed a mechanistic link between OGT and tumor progression, providing potential prognostic indicators and targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongfang Qiu
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Teng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqiong Liu
- Cancer Center, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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115
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Hancock ML, Meyer RC, Mistry M, Khetani RS, Wagschal A, Shin T, Ho Sui SJ, Näär AM, Flanagan JG. Insulin Receptor Associates with Promoters Genome-wide and Regulates Gene Expression. Cell 2019; 177:722-736.e22. [PMID: 30955890 PMCID: PMC6478446 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin receptor (IR) signaling is central to normal metabolic control and dysregulated in prevalent chronic diseases. IR binds insulin at the cell surface and transduces rapid signaling via cytoplasmic kinases. However, mechanisms mediating long-term effects of insulin remain unclear. Here, we show that IR associates with RNA polymerase II in the nucleus, with striking enrichment at promoters genome-wide. The target genes were highly enriched for insulin-related functions including lipid metabolism and protein synthesis and diseases including diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer. IR chromatin binding was increased by insulin and impaired in an insulin-resistant disease model. Promoter binding by IR was mediated by coregulator host cell factor-1 (HCF-1) and transcription factors, revealing an HCF-1-dependent pathway for gene regulation by insulin. These results show that IR interacts with transcriptional machinery at promoters and identify a pathway regulating genes linked to insulin's effects in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Hancock
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Present address: John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge,
MA, USA
| | - Rebecca C. Meyer
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Meeta Mistry
- Bioinformatics Core, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Radhika S. Khetani
- Bioinformatics Core, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Alexandre Wagschal
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA,Present address: Exonics Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Taehwan Shin
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shannan J. Ho Sui
- Bioinformatics Core, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anders M. Näär
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA,Present address: Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA
94720, USA
| | - John G. Flanagan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Lead Contact,Correspondence:
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116
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Giles AC, Desbois M, Opperman KJ, Tavora R, Maroni MJ, Grill B. A complex containing the O-GlcNAc transferase OGT-1 and the ubiquitin ligase EEL-1 regulates GABA neuron function. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:6843-6856. [PMID: 30858176 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory GABAergic transmission is required for proper circuit function in the nervous system. However, our understanding of molecular mechanisms that preferentially influence GABAergic transmission, particularly presynaptic mechanisms, remains limited. We previously reported that the ubiquitin ligase EEL-1 preferentially regulates GABAergic presynaptic transmission. To further explore how EEL-1 functions, here we performed affinity purification proteomics using Caenorhabditis elegans and identified the O-GlcNAc transferase OGT-1 as an EEL-1 binding protein. This observation was intriguing, as we know little about how OGT-1 affects neuron function. Using C. elegans biochemistry, we confirmed that the OGT-1/EEL-1 complex forms in neurons in vivo and showed that the human orthologs, OGT and HUWE1, also bind in cell culture. We observed that, like EEL-1, OGT-1 is expressed in GABAergic motor neurons, localizes to GABAergic presynaptic terminals, and functions cell-autonomously to regulate GABA neuron function. Results with catalytically inactive point mutants indicated that OGT-1 glycosyltransferase activity is dispensable for GABA neuron function. Consistent with OGT-1 and EEL-1 forming a complex, genetic results using automated, behavioral pharmacology assays showed that ogt-1 and eel-1 act in parallel to regulate GABA neuron function. These findings demonstrate that OGT-1 and EEL-1 form a conserved signaling complex and function together to affect GABA neuron function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Giles
- From the Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458 and
| | - Muriel Desbois
- From the Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458 and
| | - Karla J Opperman
- From the Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458 and
| | - Rubens Tavora
- the Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Marissa J Maroni
- From the Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458 and
| | - Brock Grill
- From the Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458 and
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117
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Rapid Recapitulation of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis upon Loss of Host Cell Factor 1 Function in Mouse Hepatocytes. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:MCB.00405-18. [PMID: 30559308 PMCID: PMC6379584 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00405-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Host cell factor 1 (HCF-1), encoded by the ubiquitously expressed X-linked gene Hcfc1, is an epigenetic coregulator important for mouse development and cell proliferation, including during liver regeneration. We used a hepatocyte-specific inducible Hcfc1 knockout allele (called Hcfc1hepKO) to induce HCF-1 loss in hepatocytes of hemizygous Hcfc1hepKO/Y males by 4 days. Host cell factor 1 (HCF-1), encoded by the ubiquitously expressed X-linked gene Hcfc1, is an epigenetic coregulator important for mouse development and cell proliferation, including during liver regeneration. We used a hepatocyte-specific inducible Hcfc1 knockout allele (called Hcfc1hepKO) to induce HCF-1 loss in hepatocytes of hemizygous Hcfc1hepKO/Y males by 4 days. In heterozygous Hcfc1hepKO/+ females, owing to random X-chromosome inactivation, upon Hcfc1hepKO allele induction, a 50/50 mix of HCF-1-positive and -negative hepatocyte clusters is engineered. The livers with Hcfc1hepKO/Y hepatocytes displayed a 21- to 24-day terminal nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), followed by nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) disease progression typical of severe NAFL disease (NAFLD). In contrast, in livers with heterozygous Hcfc1hepKO/+ hepatocytes, HCF-1-positive hepatocytes replaced HCF-1-negative hepatocytes and revealed only mild NAFL development. Loss of HCF-1 led to loss of PGC1α protein, probably owing to its destabilization, and deregulation of gene expression, particularly of genes involved in mitochondrial structure and function, likely explaining the severe Hcfc1hepKO/Y liver pathology. Thus, HCF-1 is essential for hepatocyte function, likely playing both transcriptional and nontranscriptional roles. These genetically engineered loss-of-HCF-1 mice can be used to study NASH as well as NAFLD resolution.
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118
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The lineage stability and suppressive program of regulatory T cells require protein O-GlcNAcylation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:354. [PMID: 30664665 PMCID: PMC6341091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells control self-tolerance, inflammatory responses and tissue homeostasis. In mature Treg cells, continued expression of FOXP3 maintains lineage identity, while T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and interleukin-2 (IL-2)/STAT5 activation support the suppressive effector function of Treg cells, but how these regulators synergize to control Treg cell homeostasis and function remains unclear. Here we show that TCR-activated posttranslational modification by O-linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) stabilizes FOXP3 and activates STAT5, thus integrating these critical signaling pathways. O-GlcNAc-deficient Treg cells develop normally but display modestly reduced FOXP3 expression, strongly impaired lineage stability and effector function, and ultimately fatal autoimmunity in mice. Moreover, deficiency in protein O-GlcNAcylation attenuates IL-2/STAT5 signaling, while overexpression of a constitutively active form of STAT5 partially ameliorates Treg cell dysfunction and systemic inflammation in O-GlcNAc deficient mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate that protein O-GlcNAcylation is essential for lineage stability and effector function in Treg cells. The transcription factor Foxp3 and Stat5 modulate lineage stability and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells to promote immune homeostasis. Here the authors show that O-GlcNAcylation of Foxp3 and Stat5, mediated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), is essential for Treg-mediate immune balance, with Treg-specific deficiency of OGT leading to severe autoimmunity.
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119
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Jiang M, Xu B, Li X, Shang Y, Chu Y, Wang W, Chen D, Wu N, Hu S, Zhang S, Li M, Wu K, Yang X, Liang J, Nie Y, Fan D. O-GlcNAcylation promotes colorectal cancer metastasis via the miR-101-O-GlcNAc/EZH2 regulatory feedback circuit. Oncogene 2019; 38:301-316. [PMID: 30093632 PMCID: PMC6336687 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest cancers, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with metastasis is extremely low. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered essential for metastatic CRC, but the fundamental molecular basis underlying this effect remains unknown. Here, we identified that O-GlcNAcylation, a unique posttranslational modification (PTM) involved in cancer metabolic reprogramming, increased the metastatic capability of CRC. The levels of O-GlcNAcylation were increased in the metastatic CRC tissues and cell lines, which likely promoted the EMT by enhancing EZH2 protein stability and function. The CRC patients with higher levels of O-GlcNAcylation exhibited greater lymph node metastasis potential and lower overall survival. Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assays revealed that both O-GlcNAcylation transferase (OGT) and EZH2 are posttranscriptionally inhibited by microRNA-101. In addition, O-GlcNAcylation and H3K27me3 modification in the miR-101 promoter region further inhibited the transcription of miR-101, resulting in the upregulation of OGT and EZH2 in metastatic CRC, thus forming a vicious cycle. In this study, we demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation, which is negatively regulated by microRNA-101, likely promotes CRC metastasis by enhancing EZH2 protein stability and function. Reducing O-GlcNAcylation may be a potential therapeutic strategy for metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzuo Jiang
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bing Xu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulong Shang
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Chu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Di Chen
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Wu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sijun Hu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Song Zhang
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengbin Li
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of molecular cellular and developmental biology, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Jie Liang
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Daiming Fan
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Masclef L, Dehennaut V, Mortuaire M, Schulz C, Leturcq M, Lefebvre T, Vercoutter-Edouart AS. Cyclin D1 Stability Is Partly Controlled by O-GlcNAcylation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:106. [PMID: 30853938 PMCID: PMC6395391 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 is the regulatory partner of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) CDK4 or CDK6. Once associated and activated, the cyclin D1/CDK complexes drive the cell cycle entry and G1 phase progression in response to extracellular signals. To ensure their timely and accurate activation during cell cycle progression, cyclin D1 turnover is finely controlled by phosphorylation and ubiquitination. Here we show that the dynamic and reversible O-linked β-N-Acetyl-glucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) regulates also cyclin D1 half-life. High O-GlcNAc levels increase the stability of cyclin D1, while reduction of O-GlcNAcylation strongly decreases it. Moreover, elevation of O-GlcNAc levels through O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibition significantly slows down the ubiquitination of cyclin D1. Finally, biochemical and cell imaging experiments in human cancer cells reveal that the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) binds to and glycosylates cyclin D1. We conclude that O-GlcNAcylation promotes the stability of cyclin D1 through modulating its ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Masclef
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Vanessa Dehennaut
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8161, M3T: Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Marlène Mortuaire
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Céline Schulz
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Maïté Leturcq
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Tony Lefebvre
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Vercoutter-Edouart
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576, UGSF, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
- *Correspondence: Anne-Sophie Vercoutter-Edouart
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Xiao F, Guo Y, Deng J, Yuan F, Xiao Y, Hui L, Li Y, Hu Z, Zhou Y, Li K, Han X, Fang Q, Jia W, Chen Y, Ying H, Zhai Q, Chen S, Guo F. Hepatic c-Jun regulates glucose metabolism via FGF21 and modulates body temperature through the neural signals. Mol Metab 2018; 20:138-148. [PMID: 30579932 PMCID: PMC6358569 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective c-Jun, a prominent member of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) family, is involved in various physiology processes such as cell death and survival. However, a role of hepatic c-Jun in the whole-body metabolism is poorly understood. Methods We generated liver-specific c-Jun knock-out (c-jun△li) mice to investigate the effect of hepatic c-Jun on the whole-body physiology, particularly in blood glucose and body temperature. Primary hepatocytes were also used to explore a direct regulation of c-Jun in gluconeogenesis. Results c-jun△li mice showed higher hepatic gluconeogenic capacity compared with control mice, and similar results were obtained in vitro. In addition, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) expression was directly inhibited by c-Jun knockdown and adenovirus-mediated hepatic FGF21 over-expression blocked the effect of c-Jun on gluconeogenesis in c-jun△li mice. Interestingly, c-jun△li mice also exhibited higher body temperature, with induced thermogenesis and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Furthermore, the body temperature became comparable between c-jun△li and control mice at thermoneutral temperature (30 °C). Moreover, the activity of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) was increased in c-jun△li mice and the higher body temperature was inhibited by beta-adrenergic receptor blocker injection. Finally, the activated SNS and increased body temperature in c-jun△li mice was most likely caused by the signals from the brain and hepatic vagus nerve, as the expression of c-Fos (the molecular marker of neuronal activation) was changed in several brain areas controlling body temperature and body temperature was decreased by selective hepatic vagotomy. Conclusions These data demonstrate a novel function of hepatic c-Jun in the regulation of gluconeogenesis and body temperature via FGF21 and neural signals. Our results also provide novel insights into the organ crosstalk in the regulation of the whole-body physiology. Liver-specific inactivation of c-Jun increased gluconeogenesis via decreasing FGF21 expression. Liver-specific inactivation of c-Jun increased body temperature by promoting thermogenesis in BAT. Hepatic c-Jun modulates body temperature via regulating sympathetic nervous system activity and vagus nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Yajie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Jiali Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Feixiang Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Yuzhong Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Lijian Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Yu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Zhimin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Yuncai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Qichen Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Yan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Hao Ying
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Qiwei Zhai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Shanghai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Feifan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
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Adipocyte OGT governs diet-induced hyperphagia and obesity. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5103. [PMID: 30504766 PMCID: PMC6269424 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07461-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Palatable foods (fat and sweet) induce hyperphagia, and facilitate the development of obesity. Whether and how overnutrition increases appetite through the adipose-to-brain axis is unclear. O-linked beta-D-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) couples nutrient cues to O-GlcNAcylation of intracellular proteins at serine/threonine residues. Chronic dysregulation of O-GlcNAc signaling contributes to metabolic diseases. Here we show that adipocyte OGT is essential for high fat diet-induced hyperphagia, but is dispensable for baseline food intake. Adipocyte OGT stimulates hyperphagia by transcriptional activation of de novo lipid desaturation and accumulation of N-arachidonyl ethanolamine (AEA), an endogenous appetite-inducing cannabinoid (CB). Pharmacological manipulation of peripheral CB1 signaling regulates hyperphagia in an adipocyte OGT-dependent manner. These findings define adipocyte OGT as a fat sensor that regulates peripheral lipid signals, and uncover an unexpected adipose-to-brain axis to induce hyperphagia and obesity. Endocannabinoid signaling regulates food intake and is a potential therapeutic target for obesity. Here the authors show that adipocyte O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is required for high fat diet-induced hyperphagia via transcriptional activation of de novo lipid desaturation and accumulation of an endogenous appetite-inducing cannabinoid.
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Zachara NE. Critical observations that shaped our understanding of the function(s) of intracellular glycosylation (O-GlcNAc). FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3950-3975. [PMID: 30414174 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Almost 100 years after the first descriptions of proteins conjugated to carbohydrates (mucins), several studies suggested that glycoproteins were not restricted to the serum, extracellular matrix, cell surface, or endomembrane system. In the 1980s, key data emerged demonstrating that intracellular proteins were modified by monosaccharides of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). Subsequently, this modification was identified on thousands of proteins that regulate cellular processes as diverse as protein aggregation, localization, post-translational modifications, activity, and interactions. In this Review, we will highlight critical discoveries that shaped our understanding of the molecular events underpinning the impact of O-GlcNAc on protein function, the role that O-GlcNAc plays in maintaining cellular homeostasis, and our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate O-GlcNAc-cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha E Zachara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Berthier A, Vinod M, Porez G, Steenackers A, Alexandre J, Yamakawa N, Gheeraert C, Ploton M, Maréchal X, Dubois-Chevalier J, Hovasse A, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Cianférani S, Rolando C, Bray F, Duez H, Eeckhoute J, Lefebvre T, Staels B, Lefebvre P. Combinatorial regulation of hepatic cytoplasmic signaling and nuclear transcriptional events by the OGT/REV-ERBα complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E11033-E11042. [PMID: 30397120 PMCID: PMC6255172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1805397115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα integrates the circadian clock with hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism by nucleating transcriptional comodulators at genomic regulatory regions. An interactomic approach identified O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) as a REV-ERBα-interacting protein. By shielding cytoplasmic OGT from proteasomal degradation and favoring OGT activity in the nucleus, REV-ERBα cyclically increased O-GlcNAcylation of multiple cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins as a function of its rhythmically regulated expression, while REV-ERBα ligands mostly affected cytoplasmic OGT activity. We illustrate this finding by showing that REV-ERBα controls OGT-dependent activities of the cytoplasmic protein kinase AKT, an essential relay in insulin signaling, and of ten-of-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes in the nucleus. AKT phosphorylation was inversely correlated to REV-ERBα expression. REV-ERBα enhanced TET activity and DNA hydroxymethylated cytosine (5hmC) levels in the vicinity of REV-ERBα genomic binding sites. As an example, we show that the REV-ERBα/OGT complex modulates SREBP-1c gene expression throughout the fasting/feeding periods by first repressing AKT phosphorylation and by epigenomically priming the Srebf1 promoter for a further rapid response to insulin. Conclusion: REV-ERBα regulates cytoplasmic and nuclear OGT-controlled processes that integrate at the hepatic SREBF1 locus to control basal and insulin-induced expression of the temporally and nutritionally regulated lipogenic SREBP-1c transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Berthier
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Manjula Vinod
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Geoffrey Porez
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Agata Steenackers
- University of Lille, CNRS, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
| | - Jérémy Alexandre
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Nao Yamakawa
- University of Lille, CNRS, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
| | - Céline Gheeraert
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Maheul Ploton
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Xavier Maréchal
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Julie Dubois-Chevalier
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Agnès Hovasse
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, Strasbourg F-67037, France
| | - Christine Schaeffer-Reiss
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, Strasbourg F-67037, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, Strasbourg F-67037, France
| | - Christian Rolando
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l'Analyse & la Protéomique, CNRS, Unité de Service et de Recherche (USR) 3290, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
- Fédération de Recherche Biochimie Structurale et Fonctionnelle des Assemblages Biomoléculaires FRABio, FR 3688 CNRS, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
- Institut M.-E. Chevreul, CNRS, FR 2638, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
| | - Fabrice Bray
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l'Analyse & la Protéomique, CNRS, Unité de Service et de Recherche (USR) 3290, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
- Fédération de Recherche Biochimie Structurale et Fonctionnelle des Assemblages Biomoléculaires FRABio, FR 3688 CNRS, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
- Institut M.-E. Chevreul, CNRS, FR 2638, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
| | - Hélène Duez
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Jérôme Eeckhoute
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Tony Lefebvre
- University of Lille, CNRS, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
| | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France
| | - Philippe Lefebvre
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, U1011, Lille F-59045, France;
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Wang Q, Tang J, Jiang S, Huang Z, Song A, Hou S, Gao X, Ruan HB. Inhibition of PPARγ, adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity by MAGED1. J Endocrinol 2018; 239:167-180. [PMID: 30121577 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is a master regulator of adipogenesis and a target of the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of antidiabetic drugs; therefore, identifying novel regulators of PPARγ action in adipocytes is essential for the future development of therapeutics for diabetes. MAGE family member D1 (MAGED1), by acting as an adaptor for ubiquitin-dependent degradation pathways and a co-factor for transcription, plays an important role in neural development, cell differentiation and circadian rhythm. Here, we showed that MAGED1 expression was downregulated during adipogenesis and loss of MAGED1 promoted preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation in vitro. MAGED1 bound to PPARγ and suppressed the stability and transcriptional activity of PPARγ. Compared to WT littermates, MAGED1-deficient mice showed increased levels of PPARγ protein and its target genes, more CD29+CD34+Sca-1+ adipocyte precursors and hyperplasia of white adipose tissues (WATs). Moreover, MAGED1-deficient mice developed late-onset obesity as a result of decreased energy expenditure and physical activity. However, these mice were metabolically healthy as shown by improved glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity, normal levels of serum lipids and enhanced secretion of adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin. Taken together, our data identify MAGED1 as a novel negative regulator of PPARγ activity, adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in mice. MAGED1 might therefore serve as a novel pharmaceutical target to treat obesity-associated insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shujun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Bin Ruan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Chatterjee B, Thakur SS. Investigation of post-translational modifications in type 2 diabetes. Clin Proteomics 2018; 15:32. [PMID: 30258344 PMCID: PMC6154926 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-018-9208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of post-translational modifications (PTMs) plays an important role for the study of type 2 diabetes. The importance of PTMs has been realized with the advancement of analytical techniques. The challenging detection and analysis of post-translational modifications is eased by different enrichment methods and by high throughput mass spectrometry based proteomics studies. This technology along with different quantitation methods provide accurate knowledge about the changes happening in disease conditions as well as in normal conditions. In this review, we have discussed PTMs such as phosphorylation, N-glycosylation, O-GlcNAcylation, acetylation and advanced glycation end products in type 2 diabetes which have been characterized by high throughput mass spectrometry based proteomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaswati Chatterjee
- 1Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Govt. of India, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 037 India
| | - Suman S Thakur
- 2Proteomics and Cell Signaling, Lab E409, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007 India
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Felley-Bosco E, MacFarlane M. Asbestos: Modern Insights for Toxicology in the Era of Engineered Nanomaterials. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:994-1008. [PMID: 30156102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Asbestos fibers are naturally occurring silicates that have been extensively used in the past, including house construction, but because of their toxicity, their use has been banned in 63 countries. Despite this, more than one million metric tons of asbestos are still consumed annually in countries where asbestos use has not been banned. Asbestos-related disease incidence is still increasing in several countries, including those countries that banned the use of asbestos more than 30 years ago. We highlight here recent knowledge obtained in experimental models about the mechanisms leading to tumor development following asbestos exposure, including genetic and epigenetic changes. Importantly, the landscape of alterations observed experimentally in tumor samples is consistent with alterations observed in clinical tumor samples; therefore, studies performed on early/precancer stages should help inform secondary prevention, which remains crucial in the absence of an efficient primary prevention. Knowledge gathered on asbestos should also help address future challenges, especially in view of the increased production of new materials that may behave similarly to asbestos fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Felley-Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology , University Hospital Zurich , Sternwartstrasse 14 , 8091 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- MRC Toxicology Unit , University of Cambridge , Hodgkin Building, Leicester LE1 9HN , United Kingdom
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Identification of UAP1L1 as a critical factor for protein O-GlcNAcylation and cell proliferation in human hepatoma cells. Oncogene 2018; 38:317-331. [PMID: 30097606 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aged hepatocyte-specific-Mcl-1 knockout (MKO-hep) mice are prone to develop liver tumors mimicking human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we reported that a protein named UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase-1-like-1 (Uap1l1) is upregulated in the liver of young MKO-hep mice without any macroscopically detectable tumor nodules and is prominently expressed in the hepatic tumors developed in the aged MKO-hep mice. Intriguingly, human UAP1L1 is also significantly upregulated in a distinct subset of HCC tissues and patients with upregulated expression of UAP1L1 appeared to have poor prognosis. Overexpression of UAP1L1 significantly promoted, whereas UAP1L1 knockdown markedly reduced the proliferation of human hepatoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. UAP1L1 shows ~59% sequence identity to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase-1 (UAP1), which is directly involved in the synthesis of the sugar donor (UDP-GlcNac) for N-acetylglucosamine modification (O-GlcNAcylation) of proteins. However, unlike UAP1, UAP1L1 harbors very limited UDP-GlcNAc synthesis activity. Moreover, although both UAP1 and UAP1L1 are required for O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT)-mediated protein O-GlcNAcylation, they appear to function distinctly from each other. UAP1L1 directly interacts with OGT, but does not seem to be an OGT substrate. In addition, UAP1L1 alone is not sufficient to activate OGT activity in vitro, suggesting that UAP1L1 may function together with other proteins to modulate OGT activity in vivo. Lastly, UAP1L1 knockdown attenuated c-MYC O-GlcNAcylation and protein stability, and overexpression of c-MYC significantly rescued the proliferation defect of UAP1L1 knockdown HepG2 cells, suggesting that c-MYC is one downstream target of UAP1L1 that contributes to UAP1L1-mediated cell proliferation, at least in HepG2 cells.
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129
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Zhao L, Shah JA, Cai Y, Jin J. ' O-GlcNAc Code' Mediated Biological Functions of Downstream Proteins. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081967. [PMID: 30082668 PMCID: PMC6222556 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the post-translational modifications, O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification (O-GlcNAcylation) often occurs on serine (Ser) and threonine (Thr) residues of specific substrate cellular proteins via the addition of O-GlcNAc group by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). Maintenance of normal intracellular levels of O-GlcNAcylation is controlled by OGT and glycoside hydrolase O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Unbalanced O-GlcNAcylation levels have been involved in many diseases, including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease. Recent research data reveal that O-GlcNAcylation at histones or non-histone proteins may provide recognition platforms for subsequent protein recruitment and further initiate intracellular biological processes. Here, we review the current understanding of the 'O-GlcNAc code' mediated intracellular biological functions of downstream proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Junaid Ali Shah
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jingji Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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130
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Qian K, Wang S, Fu M, Zhou J, Singh JP, Li MD, Yang Y, Zhang K, Wu J, Nie Y, Ruan HB, Yang X. Transcriptional regulation of O-GlcNAc homeostasis is disrupted in pancreatic cancer. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:13989-14000. [PMID: 30037904 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many intracellular proteins are reversibly modified by O-linked GlcNAc (O-GlcNAc), a post-translational modification that dynamically regulates fundamental cellular processes in response to diverse environmental cues. Accumulating evidence indicates that both excess and deficiency of protein O-GlcNAcylation can have deleterious effects on the cell, suggesting that maintenance of O-GlcNAc homeostasis is essential for proper cellular function. However, the mechanisms through which O-GlcNAc homeostasis is maintained in the physiologic state and altered in the disease state have not yet been investigated. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a homeostatic mechanism involving mutual regulation of the O-GlcNAc-cycling enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) at the transcriptional level. Specifically, we found that OGA promotes Ogt transcription through cooperation with the histone acetyltransferase p300 and transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ). To examine the role of mutual regulation of OGT and OGA in the disease state, we analyzed gene expression data from human cancer data sets, which revealed that OGT and OGA expression levels are highly correlated in numerous human cancers, particularly in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Using a KrasG12D -driven primary mouse pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell line, we found that inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling decreases OGA glycosidase activity and reduces OGT mRNA and protein levels, suggesting that ERK signaling may alter O-GlcNAc homeostasis in PDAC by modulating OGA-mediated Ogt transcription. Our study elucidates a transcriptional mechanism that regulates cellular O-GlcNAc homeostasis, which may lay a foundation for exploring O-GlcNAc signaling as a therapeutic target for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Qian
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and.,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
| | - Simeng Wang
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and.,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and.,the State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Minnie Fu
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and.,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and
| | - Jinfeng Zhou
- the State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jay Prakash Singh
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and.,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and
| | - Min-Dian Li
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and.,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
| | - Yunfan Yang
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and.,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and
| | - Kaisi Zhang
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and.,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
| | - Jing Wu
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and.,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and.,the School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China, and
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- the State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hai-Bin Ruan
- the Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- From the Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism and .,the Departments of Comparative Medicine and.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
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131
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The Nutrient-Sensing Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway as the Hub of Cancer Metabolic Rewiring. Cells 2018; 7:cells7060053. [PMID: 29865240 PMCID: PMC6025041 DOI: 10.3390/cells7060053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glucose and glutamine utilizing pathways and in fatty acid metabolism are currently considered the most significant and prevalent metabolic changes observed in almost all types of tumors. Glucose, glutamine and fatty acids are the substrates for the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). This metabolic pathway generates the “sensing molecule” UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). UDP-GlcNAc is the substrate for the enzymes involved in protein N- and O-glycosylation, two important post-translational modifications (PTMs) identified in several proteins localized in the extracellular space, on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. Since protein glycosylation controls several key aspects of cell physiology, aberrant protein glycosylation has been associated with different human diseases, including cancer. Here we review recent evidence indicating the tight association between the HBP flux and cell metabolism, with particular emphasis on the post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms regulated by the HBP that may cause the metabolic rewiring observed in cancer. We describe the implications of both protein O- and N-glycosylation in cancer cell metabolism and bioenergetics; focusing our attention on the effect of these PTMs on nutrient transport and on the transcriptional regulation and function of cancer-specific metabolic pathways.
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132
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Reduced adiposity by compensatory WAT browning upon iBAT removal in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:807-813. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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133
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Abstract
O-GlcNAc is an intracellular posttranslational modification that governs myriad cell biological processes and is dysregulated in human diseases. Despite this broad pathophysiological significance, the biochemical effects of most O-GlcNAcylation events remain uncharacterized. One prevalent hypothesis is that O-GlcNAc moieties may be recognized by "reader" proteins to effect downstream signaling. However, no general O-GlcNAc readers have been identified, leaving a considerable gap in the field. To elucidate O-GlcNAc signaling mechanisms, we devised a biochemical screen for candidate O-GlcNAc reader proteins. We identified several human proteins, including 14-3-3 isoforms, that bind O-GlcNAc directly and selectively. We demonstrate that 14-3-3 proteins bind O-GlcNAc moieties in human cells, and we present the structures of 14-3-3β/α and γ bound to glycopeptides, providing biophysical insights into O-GlcNAc-mediated protein-protein interactions. Because 14-3-3 proteins also bind to phospho-serine and phospho-threonine, they may integrate information from O-GlcNAc and O-phosphate signaling pathways to regulate numerous physiological functions.
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134
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New use for CETSA: monitoring innate immune receptor stability via post-translational modification by OGT. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 50:231-240. [PMID: 29671171 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic and functionally diverse post-translational modification shown to affect thousands of proteins, including the innate immune receptor nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (Nod2). Mutations of Nod2 (R702W, G908R and 1007 fs) are associated with Crohn's disease and have lower stabilities compared to wild type. Cycloheximide (CHX)-chase half-life assays have been used to show that O-GlcNAcylation increases the stability and response of both wild type and Crohn's variant Nod2, R702W. A more rapid method to assess stability afforded by post-translational modifications is necessary to fully comprehend the correlation between NLR stability and O-GlcNAcylation. Here, a recently developed cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) that is typically used to demonstrate protein-ligand binding was adapted to detect shifts in protein stabilization upon increasing O-GlcNAcylation levels in Nod2. This assay was used as a method to predict if other Crohn's associated Nod2 variants were O-GlcNAcylated, and also identified the modification on another NLR, Nod1. Classical immunoprecipitations and NF-κB transcriptional assays were used to confirm the presence and effect of this modification on these proteins. The results presented here demonstrate that CETSA is a convenient method that can be used to detect the stability effect of O-GlcNAcylation on O-GlcNAc-transferase (OGT) client proteins and will be a powerful tool in studying post-translational modification.
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135
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Mariappa D, Ferenbach AT, van Aalten DMF. Effects of hypo- O-GlcNAcylation on Drosophila development. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:7209-7221. [PMID: 29588363 PMCID: PMC5950000 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification of serine/threonine residues in nucleocytoplasmic proteins with GlcNAc (O-GlcNAcylation) is an essential regulatory mechanism in many cellular processes. In Drosophila, null mutants of the Polycomb gene O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT; also known as super sex combs (sxc)) display homeotic phenotypes. To dissect the requirement for O-GlcNAc signaling in Drosophila development, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to generate rationally designed sxc catalytically hypomorphic or null point mutants. Of the fertile males derived from embryos injected with the CRISPR/Cas9 reagents, 25% produced progeny carrying precise point mutations with no detectable off-target effects. One of these mutants, the catalytically inactive sxcK872M, was recessive lethal, whereas a second mutant, the hypomorphic sxcH537A, was homozygous viable. We observed that reduced total protein O-GlcNAcylation in the sxcH537A mutant is associated with a wing vein phenotype and temperature-dependent lethality. Genetic interaction between sxcH537A and a null allele of Drosophila host cell factor (dHcf), encoding an extensively O-GlcNAcylated transcriptional coactivator, resulted in abnormal scutellar bristle numbers. A similar phenotype was also observed in sxcH537A flies lacking a copy of skuld (skd), a Mediator complex gene known to affect scutellar bristle formation. Interestingly, this phenotype was independent of OGT Polycomb function or dHcf downstream targets. In conclusion, the generation of the endogenous OGT hypomorphic mutant sxcH537A enabled us to identify pleiotropic effects of globally reduced protein O-GlcNAc during Drosophila development. The mutants generated and phenotypes observed in this study provide a platform for discovery of OGT substrates that are critical for Drosophila development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mariappa
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew T Ferenbach
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Daan M F van Aalten
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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136
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Levine ZG, Fan C, Melicher MS, Orman M, Benjamin T, Walker S. O-GlcNAc Transferase Recognizes Protein Substrates Using an Asparagine Ladder in the Tetratricopeptide Repeat (TPR) Superhelix. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3510-3513. [PMID: 29485866 PMCID: PMC5937710 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The essential mammalian enzyme O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) is uniquely responsible for transferring N-acetylglucosamine to over a thousand nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins, yet there is no known consensus sequence and it remains unclear how OGT recognizes its substrates. To address this question, we developed a protein microarray assay that chemoenzymatically labels de novo sites of glycosylation with biotin, allowing us to simultaneously assess OGT activity across >6000 human proteins. With this assay we examined the contribution to substrate selection of a conserved asparagine ladder within the lumen of OGT's superhelical tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain. When five asparagines were mutated, OGT retained significant activity against short peptides, but showed limited limited glycosylation of protein substrates on the microarray. O-GlcNAcylation of protein substrates in cell extracts was also greatly attenuated. We conclude that OGT recognizes the majority of its substrates by binding them to the asparagine ladder in the TPR lumen proximal to the catalytic domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebulon G. Levine
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Chenguang Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michael S. Melicher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Marina Orman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Tania Benjamin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Suzanne Walker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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137
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Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) integrates glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and nucleotides metabolisms for uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) synthesis. UDP-GlcNAc is the nucleotide sugar donor for O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) processes. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is the enzyme which transfers the N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) residue onto target proteins. Several studies previously showed that glucose metabolism dysregulations associated with obesity, diabetes or cancer correlated with an increase of OGT expression and global O-GlcNAcylation levels. Moreover, these diseases present an increased activation of the nutrient sensing mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Other works demonstrate that mTOR regulates protein O-GlcNAcylation in cancer cells through stabilization of OGT. In this context, we studied the cross-talk between these two metabolic sensors in vivo in obese mice predisposed to diabetes and in vitro in normal and colon cancer cells. We report that levels of OGT and O-GlcNAcylation are increased in obese mice colon tissues and colon cancer cells and are associated with a higher activation of mTOR signaling. In parallel, treatments with mTOR regulators modulate OGT and O-GlcNAcylation levels in both normal and colon cancer cells. However, deregulation of O-GlcNAcylation affects mTOR signaling activation only in cancer cells. Thus, a crosstalk exists between O-GlcNAcylation and mTOR signaling in contexts of metabolism dysregulation associated to obesity or cancer.
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138
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Shi H, Munk A, Nielsen TS, Daughtry MR, Larsson L, Li S, Høyer KF, Geisler HW, Sulek K, Kjøbsted R, Fisher T, Andersen MM, Shen Z, Hansen UK, England EM, Cheng Z, Højlund K, Wojtaszewski JFP, Yang X, Hulver MW, Helm RF, Treebak JT, Gerrard DE. Skeletal muscle O-GlcNAc transferase is important for muscle energy homeostasis and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Mol Metab 2018. [PMID: 29525407 PMCID: PMC6001359 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Given that cellular O-GlcNAcylation levels are thought to be real-time measures of cellular nutrient status and dysregulated O-GlcNAc signaling is associated with insulin resistance, we evaluated the role of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), the enzyme that mediates O-GlcNAcylation, in skeletal muscle. Methods We assessed O-GlcNAcylation levels in skeletal muscle from obese, type 2 diabetic people, and we characterized muscle-specific OGT knockout (mKO) mice in metabolic cages and measured energy expenditure and substrate utilization pattern using indirect calorimetry. Whole body insulin sensitivity was assessed using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique and tissue-specific glucose uptake was subsequently evaluated. Tissues were used for histology, qPCR, Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses. Results We found elevated levels of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins in obese, type 2 diabetic people compared with well-matched obese and lean controls. Muscle-specific OGT knockout mice were lean, and whole body energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity were increased in these mice, consistent with enhanced glucose uptake and elevated glycolytic enzyme activities in skeletal muscle. Moreover, enhanced glucose uptake was also observed in white adipose tissue that was browner than that of WT mice. Interestingly, mKO mice had elevated mRNA levels of Il15 in skeletal muscle and increased circulating IL-15 levels. We found that OGT in muscle mediates transcriptional repression of Il15 by O-GlcNAcylating Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2). Conclusions Elevated muscle O-GlcNAc levels paralleled insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in humans. Moreover, OGT-mediated signaling is necessary for proper skeletal muscle metabolism and whole-body energy homeostasis, and our data highlight O-GlcNAcylation as a potential target for ameliorating metabolic disorders. Type 2 diabetic humans have elevated O-GlcNAc levels in skeletal muscle. Knockout of OGT in muscle elevates whole body insulin sensitivity. Knockout of OGT in muscle increases resistance to diet-induced obesity. Muscle-specific OGT knockout mice have elevated plasma IL-15 levels. OGT in muscle controls Il15 expression by O-GlcNAcylation and inhibition of EZH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Alexander Munk
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Thomas S Nielsen
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Morgan R Daughtry
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Louise Larsson
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Shize Li
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Kasper F Høyer
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DK8000, Denmark
| | - Hannah W Geisler
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Karolina Sulek
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Kjøbsted
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2100, Denmark
| | - Taylor Fisher
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Marianne M Andersen
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Zhengxing Shen
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Ulrik K Hansen
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Eric M England
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Kurt Højlund
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Section of Molecular Diabetes and Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2100, Denmark
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Matthew W Hulver
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Virginia Tech Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Richard F Helm
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark.
| | - David E Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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139
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Zhou T, Erber L, Liu B, Gao Y, Ruan HB, Chen Y. Proteomic analysis reveals diverse proline hydroxylation-mediated oxygen-sensing cellular pathways in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79154-79169. [PMID: 27764789 PMCID: PMC5346705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Proline hydroxylation is a critical cellular mechanism regulating oxygen-response pathways in tumor initiation and progression. Yet, its substrate diversity and functions remain largely unknown. Here, we report a system-wide analysis to characterize proline hydroxylation substrates in cancer cells using an immunoaffinity-purification assisted proteomics strategy. We identified 562 sites from 272 proteins in HeLa cells. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that proline hydroxylation substrates are significantly enriched with mRNA processing and stress-response cellular pathways with canonical and diverse flanking sequence motifs. Structural analysis indicates a significant enrichment of proline hydroxylation participating in the secondary structure of substrate proteins. Our study identified and validated Brd4, a key transcription factor, as a novel proline hydroxylation substrate. Functional analysis showed that the inhibition of proline hydroxylation pathway significantly reduced the proline hydroxylation abundance on Brd4 and affected Brd4-mediated transcriptional activity as well as cell proliferation in AML leukemia cells. Taken together, our study identified a broad regulatory role of proline hydroxylation in cellular oxygen-sensing pathways and revealed potentially new targets that dynamically respond to hypoxia microenvironment in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Luke Erber
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yankun Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Hai-Bin Ruan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Pettersson-Klein AT, Izadi M, Ferreira DMS, Cervenka I, Correia JC, Martinez-Redondo V, Southern M, Cameron M, Kamenecka T, Agudelo LZ, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, Martens U, Lundgren B, Otrocka M, Jenmalm-Jensen A, Griffin PR, Ruas JL. Small molecule PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers induce adipocyte Ucp1 expression and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration. Mol Metab 2018; 9:28-42. [PMID: 29428596 PMCID: PMC5870114 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α1 (PGC-1α1) regulates genes involved in energy metabolism. Increasing adipose tissue energy expenditure through PGC-1α1 activation is potentially beneficial for systemic metabolism. Pharmacological PGC-1α1 activators could be valuable tools in the fight against obesity and metabolic disease. Finding such compounds has been challenging partly because PGC-1α1 is a transcriptional coactivator with no known ligand-binding properties. While, PGC-1α1 activation is regulated by several mechanisms, protein stabilization is a crucial limiting step due to its short half-life under unstimulated conditions. Methods We designed a cell-based high-throughput screening system to identify PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers. Positive hits were tested for their ability to induce endogenous PGC-1α1 protein accumulation and activate target gene expression in brown adipocytes. Select compounds were analyzed for their effects on global gene expression and cellular respiration in adipocytes. Results Among 7,040 compounds screened, we highlight four small molecules with high activity as measured by: PGC-1α1 protein accumulation, target gene expression, and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes. Conclusions We identify compounds that induce PGC-1α1 protein accumulation and show that this increases uncoupled respiration in brown adipocytes. This screening platform establishes the foundation for a new class of therapeutics with potential use in obesity and associated disorders. A high-throughput platform to identify PGC-1α1 activators. PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers work as activators in brown adipocytes. Small molecule PGC-1α1 activators induce Ucp1 expression and cellular respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Pettersson-Klein
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Izadi
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D M S Ferreira
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Martinez-Redondo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Southern
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - T Kamenecka
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - L Z Agudelo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Porsmyr-Palmertz
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U Martens
- Science for Life Laboratory, RNAi Cell Screening Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Lundgren
- Science for Life Laboratory, RNAi Cell Screening Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Otrocka
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Jenmalm-Jensen
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - J L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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141
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Wang Z, Wang XY, Li J, Zhu WW. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of BAP1 Protein Expression in Different Types of Cancer—A Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:115-126. [PMID: 29266978 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Cancer Metastasis, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Cancer Metastasis, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Cancer Metastasis, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Wei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Cancer Metastasis, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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142
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Kim M, Kim YS, Kim H, Kang MY, Park J, Lee DH, Roh GS, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Park JK, Cho JW, Shin JK, Choi WS. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase promotes cervical cancer tumorigenesis through human papillomaviruses E6 and E7 oncogenes. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44596-44607. [PMID: 27331873 PMCID: PMC5190121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) increases O-GlcNAc modification (O-GlcNAcylation), and transcriptional co-regulator host cell factor 1 (HCF-1) is one of OGT targets. High-risk Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) encode E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which promote cervical cancer. Here, we tested whether O-GlcNAc modification of HCF-1 affects HPV E6 and E7 expressions and tumorigenesis of cervical cancer. We found that depleting OGT with OGT-specific shRNA significantly decreased levels of E6 and E7 oncoproteins, and cervical cancer tumorigenesis, while OGT overexpression greatly increased levels of E6 and E7 oncoproteins. Notably, OGT overexpression caused dose-dependent increases in the transcriptional activity of E6 and E7, and this activity was decreased when HCF-1 was depleted with HCF-1-specific siRNA. Moreover, OGT depletion reduced proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in cervical cancer cells. Further, high glucose enhanced the interaction between OGT and HCF-1, paralleling increased levels of E6 and E7 in cervical cancer cells. Most importantly, we found that reducing OGT in HeLa cells caused decreased tumor growth in vivo. These findings identify OGT as a novel cellular factor involved in E6 and E7 expressions and cervical cancer tumorigenesis, suggesting that targeting OGT in cervical cancer may have potential therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sook Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwajin Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongsook Park
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Jae Cho
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Kwon Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Kyu Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Sung Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
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143
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Liu C, Li J. O-GlcNAc: A Sweetheart of the Cell Cycle and DNA Damage Response. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:415. [PMID: 30105004 PMCID: PMC6077185 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The addition and removal of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to and from the Ser and Thr residues of proteins is an emerging post-translational modification. Unlike phosphorylation, which requires a legion of kinases and phosphatases, O-GlcNAc is catalyzed by the sole enzyme in mammals, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), and reversed by the sole enzyme, O-GlcNAcase (OGA). With the advent of new technologies, identification of O-GlcNAcylated proteins, followed by pinpointing the modified residues and understanding the underlying molecular function of the modification has become the very heart of the O-GlcNAc biology. O-GlcNAc plays a multifaceted role during the unperturbed cell cycle, including regulating DNA replication, mitosis, and cytokinesis. When the cell cycle is challenged by DNA damage stresses, O-GlcNAc also protects genome integrity via modifying an array of histones, kinases as well as scaffold proteins. Here we will focus on both cell cycle progression and the DNA damage response, summarize what we have learned about the role of O-GlcNAc in these processes and envision a sweeter research future.
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144
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Very N, Vercoutter-Edouart AS, Lefebvre T, Hardivillé S, El Yazidi-Belkoura I. Cross-Dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Axis in Human Chronic Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:602. [PMID: 30356686 PMCID: PMC6189293 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway are considered as nutrient sensors that regulate several essential biological processes. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), the substrate for O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), the enzyme that O-GlcNAcylates proteins on serine (Ser) and threonine (Thr) residues. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) and phosphorylation are highly dynamic post-translational modifications occurring at the same or adjacent sites that regulate folding, stability, subcellular localization, partner interaction, or activity of target proteins. Here we review recent evidence of a cross-regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and protein O-GlcNAcylation. Furthermore, we discuss their co-dysregulation in pathological conditions, e.g., cancer, type-2 diabetes (T2D), and cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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145
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Ong Q, Han W, Yang X. O-GlcNAc as an Integrator of Signaling Pathways. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:599. [PMID: 30464755 PMCID: PMC6234912 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an important posttranslational modification governed by a single pair of enzymes-O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). These two enzymes mediate the dynamic cycling of O-GlcNAcylation on a wide variety of cytosolic, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins in a nutrient- and stress-responsive fashion. While cellular functions of O-GlcNAcylation have been emerging, little is known regarding the precise mechanisms how the enzyme pair senses the environmental cues to elicit molecular and physiological changes. In this review, we discuss how the OGT/OGA pair acts as a metabolic sensor that integrates signaling pathways, given their capability of receiving signaling inputs from various partners, targeting multiple substrates with spatiotemporal specificity and translocating to different parts of the cell. We also discuss how the pair maintains homeostatic signaling within the cell and its physiological relevance. A better understanding of the mechanisms of OGT/OGA action would enable us to derive therapeutic benefits of resetting cellular O-GlcNAc levels within an optimal range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunxiang Ong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiping Han
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Yang
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146
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Lopez Aguilar A, Gao Y, Hou X, Lauvau G, Yates JR, Wu P. Profiling of Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Murine CD8 + Effector- and Memory-like T Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:3031-3038. [PMID: 29125738 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During an acute infection, antigenic stimulation leads to activation, expansion, and differentiation of naïve CD8+ T cells, first into cytotoxic effector cells and eventually into long-lived memory cells. T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) detect antigens on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the form of antigenic peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I)-encoded molecules and initiate TCR signal transduction network. This process is mediated by phosphorylation of many intracellular signaling proteins. Protein O-GlcNAc modification is another post-translational modification involved in this process, which often has either reciprocal or synergistic roles with phosphorylation. In this study, using a chemoenzymatic glycan labeling technique and proteomics analysis, we compared protein O-GlcNAcylation of murine effector and memory-like CD8+ T cells differentiated in vitro. By quantitative proteomics analysis, we identified 445 proteins that are significantly regulated in either effector- or memory-like T cell subsets. Furthermore, qualitative and quantitative analysis identified highly regulated protein clusters that suggest involvement of this post-translational modification in specific cellular processes. In effector-like T cells, protein O-GlcNAcylation is heavily involved in transcriptional and translational processes that drive fast effector T cells proliferation. During the formation of memory-like T cells, protein O-GlcNAcylation is involved in a more specific, perhaps more targeted regulation of transcription, mRNA processing, and translation. Significantly, O-GlcNAc plays a critical role as part of the "histone code" in both CD8+ T cells subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aime Lopez Aguilar
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yu Gao
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Xiaomeng Hou
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Gregoire Lauvau
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - John R. Yates
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Peng Wu
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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147
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Hwang H, Rhim H. Functional significance of O-GlcNAc modification in regulating neuronal properties. Pharmacol Res 2017; 129:295-307. [PMID: 29223644 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) covalently modify proteins and diversify protein functions. Along with protein phosphorylation, another common PTM is the addition of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to serine and/or threonine residues. O-GlcNAc modification is similar to phosphorylation in that it occurs to serine and threonine residues and cycles on and off with a similar time scale. However, a striking difference is that the addition and removal of the O-GlcNAc moiety on all substrates are mediated by the two enzymes regardless of proteins, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. O-GlcNAcylation can interact or potentially compete with phosphorylation on serine and threonine residues, and thus serves as an important molecular mechanism to modulate protein functions and activation. However, it has been challenging to address the role of O-GlcNAc modification in regulating protein functions at the molecular level due to the lack of convenient tools to determine the sites and degrees of O-GlcNAcylation. Studies in this field have only begun to expand significantly thanks to the recent advances in detection and manipulation methods such as quantitative proteomics and highly selective small-molecule inhibitors for OGT and OGA. Interestingly, multiple brain regions, especially hippocampus, express high levels of both OGT and OGA, and a number of neuron-specific proteins have been reported to undergo O-GlcNAcylation. This review aims to discuss the recent updates concerning the impacts of O-GlcNAc modification on neuronal functions at multiple levels ranging from intrinsic neuronal properties to synaptic plasticity and animal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongik Hwang
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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148
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Tarbet HJ, Toleman CA, Boyce M. A Sweet Embrace: Control of Protein-Protein Interactions by O-Linked β-N-Acetylglucosamine. Biochemistry 2017; 57:13-21. [PMID: 29099585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a critical post-translational modification (PTM) of thousands of intracellular proteins. Reversible O-GlcNAcylation governs many aspects of cell physiology and is dysregulated in numerous human diseases. Despite this broad pathophysiological significance, major aspects of O-GlcNAc signaling remain poorly understood, including the biochemical mechanisms through which O-GlcNAc transduces information. Recent work from many laboratories, including our own, has revealed that O-GlcNAc, like other intracellular PTMs, can control its substrates' functions by inhibiting or inducing protein-protein interactions. This dynamic regulation of multiprotein complexes exerts diverse downstream signaling effects in a range of processes, cell types, and organisms. Here, we review the literature about O-GlcNAc-regulated protein-protein interactions and suggest important questions for future studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Tarbet
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Clifford A Toleman
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Michael Boyce
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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149
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Akan I, Olivier-Van Stichelen S, Bond MR, Hanover JA. Nutrient-driven O-GlcNAc in proteostasis and neurodegeneration. J Neurochem 2017; 144:7-34. [PMID: 29049853 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proteostasis is essential in the mammalian brain where post-mitotic cells must function for decades to maintain synaptic contacts and memory. The brain is dependent on glucose and other metabolites for proper function and is spared from metabolic deficits even during starvation. In this review, we outline how the nutrient-sensitive nucleocytoplasmic post-translational modification O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) regulates protein homeostasis. The O-GlcNAc modification is highly abundant in the mammalian brain and has been linked to proteopathies, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's. C. elegans, Drosophila, and mouse models harboring O-GlcNAc transferase- and O-GlcNAcase-knockout alleles have helped define the role O-GlcNAc plays in development as well as age-associated neurodegenerative disease. These enzymes add and remove the single monosaccharide from protein serine and threonine residues, respectively. Blocking O-GlcNAc cycling is detrimental to mammalian brain development and interferes with neurogenesis, neural migration, and proteostasis. Findings in C. elegans and Drosophila model systems indicate that the dynamic turnover of O-GlcNAc is critical for maintaining levels of key transcriptional regulators responsible for neurodevelopment cell fate decisions. In addition, pathways of autophagy and proteasomal degradation depend on a transcriptional network that is also reliant on O-GlcNAc cycling. Like the quality control system in the endoplasmic reticulum which uses a 'mannose timer' to monitor protein folding, we propose that cytoplasmic proteostasis relies on an 'O-GlcNAc timer' to help regulate the lifetime and fate of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. O-GlcNAc-dependent developmental alterations impact metabolism and growth of the developing mouse embryo and persist into adulthood. Brain-selective knockout mouse models will be an important tool for understanding the role of O-GlcNAc in the physiology of the brain and its susceptibility to neurodegenerative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhan Akan
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Michelle R Bond
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John A Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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150
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Ubiquitin recognition of BAP1: understanding its enzymatic function. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20171099. [PMID: 28935764 PMCID: PMC5665613 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is a nuclear localizing UCH, having tumor suppressor activity and is widely involved in many crucial cellular processes. BAP1 has garnered attention for its links with cancer, however, the molecular mechanism in the regulation of cancer by BAP1 has not been established. Amongst the four UCHs, only BAP1 and UCHL5 are able to hydrolyze small and large ubiquitin adducts but UCHL5 hydrolyzes only when it is present in the PA700 complex of the proteasome. The ability of BAP1 to cleave large ubiquitin derivatives is because of its relatively longer active-site crossover loop than other UCHs. The mechanism of ubiquitin recognition has not been studied for BAP1. The comparative enzymatic analysis of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L3 (UCHL3), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L5 (UCHL5N), and BAP1N has confirmed that enzymatically BAP1 is similar to UCHL5, which corroborates with the bioinformatics analysis done earlier. We have undertaken extensive mutational approaches to gain mechanistic insight into BAP1–ubiquitin interaction. Based on the homology-modeled BAP1 structure, we have identified a few BAP1 residues which possibly play a crucial role in ubiquitin interaction of which a few mutations have been identified in many cancers. Our comparative thermodynamic analysis reveals that BAP1–ubiquitin interaction is majorly driven by entropy factor which is unique amongst UCHs. Our study sheds light on BAP1 interaction with ubiquitin, which will be useful in understanding its enzymatic function.
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