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Nakhleh A, Sakhnini R, Furman E, Shehadeh N. Cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adolescents with overweight and Class 1 obesity: A cross-sectional study. Insights from stratification of Class 1 obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1108618. [PMID: 36798669 PMCID: PMC9927000 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1108618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Severe childhood obesity is associated with increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). Among children with Class 1 obesity, higher BMI may indicate greater cardiometabolic risk. Class 1 obesity reflects a wide spectrum of BMI values. Each 10% increase in BMI above the 95th percentile is equivalent to an average increase of 2.15 kg/m2 and 2.75 kg/m2 in BMI among children and adolescents, respectively. Such increments may be of clinical importance. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to determine the prevalence and clustering of CMRFs in children and adolescents with BMI 110%-119% of the 95th BMI percentile. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of data, from an Israeli health maintenance organization, of children and adolescents (5-17 years) with overweight or Class 1 obesity, and at least one measurement of lipid profile during Jan/2020-May/2021. CMRFs were defined as abnormal lipid profile, elevated alanine aminotransferase, hypertension, and prediabetes or diabetes. Study groups included overweight and Class 1 Obesity-A (BMI < 110%) and Obesity-B (BMI ≥ 110%) of the 95th BMI percentile. RESULTS Of 7211 subjects included, 40.2% were overweight, 50.3% obesity-A, and 9.5% obesity-B. Multivariable analyses showed that children and adolescents from the Obesity-B group had increased odds for higher triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and ALT levels; and lower HDL cholesterol levels, as compared to Obesity-A. The odds of prediabetes (insignificant) tended to be higher in the Obesity-B group, which was associated with increased CMRFs clustering. CONCLUSIONS Among children and adolescents with Class 1 obesity, BMI ≥ 110% of the 95th percentile was associated with higher prevalence and clustering of CMRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afif Nakhleh
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, Haifa, Israel
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- *Correspondence: Afif Nakhleh,
| | - Rizan Sakhnini
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, Haifa, Israel
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | | | - Naim Shehadeh
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, Haifa, Israel
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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102
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Tanti S, Troost JP, Samuels E, Mckay A, Kowalski-Dobson T, Vereen D, Gorka N, Nambiar V, Key K, Campbell B, Greene-Moton E, Evans L, Bailey S, Juliette K, Sparks A, DeLoney EH, Piechowski P, Woolford SJ. Parental Perspectives Regarding the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Their Children. Child Obes 2023; 19:34-45. [PMID: 35447044 PMCID: PMC9917328 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought profound changes to the health of families worldwide. Yet, there is limited research regarding its impact on children. The pandemic may exacerbate factors associated with excess weight, which is particularly concerning due to the potential association between excess weight and severity of COVID-19 infection. This study investigates parental perspectives of changes in fruit/vegetable (FV) intake, processed food (PF) intake, outdoor playtime (OP), physical activity (PA) levels, and recreational screen time (RST) among children living in Michigan during the pandemic. Methods: The study team and community partners developed and distributed a survey using snowball sampling to reach families living largely in Central and Southeastern Michigan. Nonlinear mixed-effects proportional odds models were used to examine associations between child weight status along with demographic/household factors and changes in five weight-related behaviors. Results: Parents (n = 1313; representing 2469 children) reported a decrease in OP, FV, and PA levels, while there was an increase in RST and PF intake among their children. Household income was protective against a decrease in OP, PA, and FV but was associated with increased RST. Children's weight status was associated with decreased FV. Age was negatively associated with OP and PA, and positively associated with RST. Conclusions: These findings suggest an adverse influence of the pandemic on weight-related behaviors, particularly among adolescents in families with lower incomes and those with excess weight. Further work is needed to measure any impact on BMI trajectory and to identify interventions to reverse negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan P. Troost
- Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elias Samuels
- Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Donald Vereen
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Noelle Gorka
- Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Kent Key
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI, USA
- Community Based Organization Partners, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Bettina Campbell
- YOUR Center, Flint, MI, USA
- Community Based Organization Partners, Flint, MI, USA
| | | | - Luther Evans
- Community Based Organization Partners, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Bailey
- Community Based Organization Partners, Flint, MI, USA
- Bridges into the Future, Flint, MI, USA
| | | | - Arlene Sparks
- Community Based Organization Partners, Flint, MI, USA
- Flint Development Center, Flint, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Susan J. Woolford
- Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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103
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Qureshi F, Aris IM, Rifas-Shiman SL, Perng W, Oken E, Rich-Edwards J, Cardenas A, Baccarelli AA, Enlow MB, Belfort MB, Tiemeier H. Associations of cord blood leukocyte telomere length with adiposity growth from infancy to adolescence. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e12977. [PMID: 36085441 PMCID: PMC9772131 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) may be a biomarker for chronic disease susceptibility, but no work has tested this hypothesis directly. Our study investigated associations of LTL at birth with markers of adiposity growth that are linked with cardiometabolic health later in life. METHODS Participants were 375 children in Project Viva (48% female, 71% White). Body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to 18 years were tracked using repeated measures of BMI collected in physical examinations and via medical records, then used to predict age (months) and magnitude (kg/m2 ) of BMI peak and rebound. LTL was measured from cord blood via duplex quantitative PCR. A binary variable indicating LTL shorter than the reference population average was the primary exposure. RESULTS LTL was unrelated to BMI at peak or rebound, but associations were apparent with the timing of BMI growth milestones. Short LTL was related to a later age of peak for females (β = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.16, 1.82; psex interaction = 0.015) and an earlier age of rebound for both males and females (βcombined = -5.26, 95% CI = -9.44, -1.08). CONCLUSION LTL at birth may be an early biomarker of altered adiposity growth. Newborn telomere biology may shed new insight into the developmental origins of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Qureshi
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janet Rich-Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Departments of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michelle Bosquet Enlow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mandy B Belfort
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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104
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PULAT DEMİR H, KARŞIDAĞ K. İlköğretim Çağındaki Çocuklarda Obezite Üzerinde Etkili Olan Bazı Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: İstanbul Örneği. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.1199259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Amaç: Çocukluk çağında obezite tüm dünyada artmaktadır. Bu çalışma ilköğretim çağındaki çocuklarda obezite üzerinde etkili olan bazı faktörlerin araştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır.Yöntem: Çalışma İstanbul'da iki farklı okulda 621 ilköğretim öğrencisi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çocuklar 7-15 yaş grubunda olup rastgele örneklem yöntemi ile seçilmiştir. Çocuklara demografik özellikler, beslenme ve fiziksel aktivite ile ilgili sorulardan oluşan bir anket uygulanmış olup, bazı antropometrik ölçümleri alınmıştır. Çocukların Beden Kütle Indeksi (BKİ) değerleri Türk çocuklarının persentillerine göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 13.0 programı ile değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %47,5’i kız, %52,5’i erkektir. BKİ sınıflandırmasında öğrencilerin %11,8'i obez bulunmuştur. Özel okuldaki öğrencilerde obezite prevalansı %17,3 devlet okulundaki öğrencilerde %6,6’dır (p<0,05). Üniversite mezunu anne ve babaların çocuklarında, aile birey sayısı üç kişi olanlarda obezite oranı daha fazladır (p<0,05). Beslenme alışkanlıklarına göre düzenli akşam yemeği tüketmeyenlerde ve sevinçli/mutlu olduğunda iştah değişimi olmayanlarda daha fazla obezite oranı görülmüştür (p<0,05). Ayrıca, okula özel araba ile giden öğrencilerin obezite oranı en fazladır (%18,2; p< 0,05).Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda çocuklarda obezite oranı yüksek eğitim düzeyine sahip anne ve babaların çocuklarında, özel okula giden çocuklarda ve üç kişilik ailelerde yaşayanlarda daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Çocuklarda obezite gelişimini önlemek için okullarda düzenli olarak antropometrik ölçümlerin alınması, öğrencilere ve ebeveynlere sağlıklı beslenmeye yönelik eğitimlerin verilmesi faydalı olabilir.
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105
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Association between Fathers' and Mothers' Parenting Styles and the Risk of Overweight/Obesity among Adolescents in San José Province, Costa Rica. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245328. [PMID: 36558486 PMCID: PMC9781581 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenting styles are a risk factor for adolescents overweight/obesity worldwide, but this association is not well understood in the context of Latin America. This study examines the association between the parenting styles of mothers and fathers and the risk of overweight/obesity among Costa Rican adolescents. Data are cross-sectional from a sample of adolescents (13-18 years old) enrolled in ten urban and eight rural schools (n = 18) in the province of San José, Costa Rica, in 2017. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the likelihood of adolescents being overweight according to the mothers' and fathers' parenting styles. A significant association was found between the risk of adolescent overweight/obesity and the paternal authoritarian style only in rural areas (B = 0.622, SE = 0.317, Wald = 3.864, ExpB = 1.863, p = 0.04), and between said risk and the paternal permissive style only in male adolescents (B = 0.901, SE = 0.435, Wald = 4.286, ExpB = 2.461, p = 0.038). For maternal parenting styles, no associations reached significant levels once logistic regression models were adjusted for the fathers' parenting styles. These findings underscore the importance of further studying the role of fathers' paternal parenting styles on Latin American adolescent weight outcomes. Expanding our understanding of the parenting styles of fathers has important implications for the design and implementation of culturally- and gender-appropriate family interventions.
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106
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De Rosso S, Riera-Navarro C, Ducrot P, Schwartz C, Nicklaus S. Counseling parents about child feeding: a qualitative evaluation of French doctors and health/childcare professionals' experiences and perception of a brochure containing new recommendations. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2303. [PMID: 36482341 PMCID: PMC9733000 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14778-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents are crucial in establishing their children's eating habits, and doctors and health/childcare professionals (HCCPs) can provide meaningful and trusted guidance on feeding, especially in the 0-3-year-old period. With the upcoming release of the official brochure containing the new child feeding recommendations in France, this study aims to: (1) assess professionals' practices and perceptions regarding their communication with parents on child feeding and (2) evaluate their perception of the draft of the new brochure. METHODS A 15-page draft brochure (without pictures) containing updated child feeding recommendations for children 0-3 years old was developed by Santé publique France (the French public health agency). Online semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals (n = 21), including 13 pediatricians and general practitioners (doctors) and eight healthcare or childcare professionals (HCCPs) two weeks after they were provided with this draft brochure to read. The interview guide was developed and piloted with other professionals (n = 3) prior to these interviews. Interview data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically using an inductive approach. RESULTS While doctors and HCCPs mostly communicate orally with parents, both acknowledged that the brochure might be a helpful supplement, especially for HCCPs to legitimize their advice to parents. For doctors, giving the brochure to parents may help provide systematic advice and save time during consultations. Professionals serving parents of lower socioeconomic status would prefer a supplement with less text and more illustrations. In general, the messages were perceived to be easily understandable but providing detachable cards to distribute according to the child's age would facilitate information dissemination and might be more useful to parents. Professionals reported that lack of training, the circulation of contradictory information, and language barriers were common challenges. CONCLUSION French professionals welcomed the new official brochure as a means to spread updated child feeding recommendations. However, this brochure could be modified and specific tools developed to better adapt to professionals' needs of communication with parents and to facilitate the relay of information. Providing updated and consistent information to parents should be considered a priority for public health stakeholders toward increased adherence to new recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia De Rosso
- grid.507621.7Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Camille Riera-Navarro
- grid.507621.7Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pauline Ducrot
- grid.493975.50000 0004 5948 8741Santé publique France, French national public health agency, F-94415 Saint- Maurice, France
| | - Camille Schwartz
- grid.507621.7Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Nicklaus
- grid.507621.7Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
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107
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Kutac P, Bunc V, Sigmund M, Buzga M, Krajcigr M. Changes in the body composition of boys aged 11-18 years due to COVID-19 measures in the Czech Republic. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2254. [PMID: 36463114 PMCID: PMC9719114 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lockdown measures related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID) impacted the health of adolescents by reducing physical activity (PA). The physical changes in response to decreases in PA can be measured with full body composition analysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term PA restrictions on body fat (BF), fat-free mass (FFM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in adolescents. METHODS A total of 1669 boys (before PA restriction (G1): 998; after PA restrictions ended (G2): 671; between the ages of 11 and 18 were included. The measured parameters were body mass (BM), visceral fat area (VFA), BF, FFM and SMM. The whole-body composition was evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). RESULTS Compared to G1, G2 exhibited an increase in BF between 1.2 and 5.1%. This difference was significant in boys aged 13 to 18 years (p < 0.05). VFA increased between 5.3 and 20.5 cm2; this increase was significant in boys aged 13 to 18 years (p < 0.05). SMM decreased between 2.6 and 3.8%, and this decrease was significant in all age groups (p < 0.05). Changes in body composition were not accompanied by any significant changes in BM. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 restrictions reduced PA, resulting in a significant decrease in SMM. This decrease may impact boys' ability to engage in sufficiently varied PA, which may lead to a further decline in PA and subsequent medical consequences in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Kutac
- grid.412684.d0000 0001 2155 4545Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - V. Bunc
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XFaculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Praha 6, 162 52 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - M. Sigmund
- grid.10979.360000 0001 1245 3953Application Centre BALUO, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M. Buzga
- grid.412684.d0000 0001 2155 4545Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - M. Krajcigr
- grid.412684.d0000 0001 2155 4545Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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108
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Mannino A, Sarapis K, Moschonis G. The Effect of Maternal Overweight and Obesity Pre-Pregnancy and During Childhood in the Development of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235125. [PMID: 36501155 PMCID: PMC9739272 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal overweight/obesity has been associated with an increased risk of obesity in childhood. We investigated the effect of maternal overweight/obesity during pre-pregnancy and whether it is a stronger predictor of child obesity, compared to maternal overweight/obesity during childhood. Prospective or retrospective cohort studies published in English, reporting on obese children and adolescents (2-18 years), with overweight/obese mothers in either pre-pregnancy or during childhood were included. A search was conducted from 2012 to April 2022 in MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and EMBASE, followed by screening, data extraction, quality assessment and narrative synthesis. Eleven eligible studies (9 prospective and 2 retrospective cohort studies; total sample, n = 27,505) were identified. Eight studies examined maternal overweight/obesity in pre-conception, presenting consistent positive associations with childhood obesity, three reported positive associations between childhood obesity and maternal overweight/obesity during childhood, and one presented positive associations between both maternal exposures. The narrative synthesis failed to identify which maternal exposure is the strongest predictor of childhood obesity, with studies reporting significant associations between maternal overweight/obesity and child obesity in both time points. Intervention programs aiming to reduce childhood obesity should focus on supporting women of childbearing age with weight management from preconception and throughout their life-course.
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109
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Peralta GP, Granell R, Bédard A, Carsin AE, Fuertes E, Howe LD, Márquez S, Jarvis DL, Garcia-Aymerich J. Mid-childhood fat mass and airflow limitation at 15 years: The mediating role of insulin resistance and C-reactive protein. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13894. [PMID: 36564882 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported an association of high fat mass levels from age 9 to 15 years with lower forced expiratory flow in 1 s (FEV1 )/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio (i.e., increased risk of airflow limitation) at 15 years. Here, we aimed to assess whether insulin resistance and C-reactive protein (CRP) at 15 years partially mediate this association. METHODS We included 2263 children from the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children population-based cohort (ALSPAC). Four fat mass index (FMI) trajectories ("low," "medium-low," "medium-high," "high") from 9 to 15 years were previously identified using Group-Based Trajectory Modeling. Data on CRP, glucose, insulin, and post-bronchodilator FEV1 /FVC were available at 15 years. We defined insulin resistance by the homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). We used adjusted linear regression models and a causal mediation analysis to assess the mediating role of HOMA-IR and CRP. RESULTS Compared to children in the "low" FMI trajectory, children in the "medium-high" and "high" FMI trajectories had lower FEV1 /FVC at 15 years. The percentage of the total effect explained by HOMA-IR was 19.8% [-114.1 to 170.0] and 20.4% [1.6 to 69.0] for the "medium-high" and "high" trajectories, respectively. In contrast, there was little evidence for a mediating role of CRP. CONCLUSION The association between mid-childhood fat mass and FEV1 /FVC ratio at 15 years may be partially mediated by insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela P Peralta
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raquel Granell
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Annabelle Bédard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, University Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne-Elie Carsin
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Fuertes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laura D Howe
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sandra Márquez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Deborah L Jarvis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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110
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Wu QZ, Xu SL, Tan YW, Qian Z, Vaughn MG, McMillin SE, Dong P, Qin SJ, Liang LX, Lin LZ, Liu RQ, Yang BY, Chen G, Zhang W, Hu LW, Zeng XW, Dong GH. Exposure to ultrafine particles and childhood obesity: A cross-sectional analysis of the Seven Northeast Cities (SNEC) Study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157524. [PMID: 35872203 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the obesogenic effect of air pollution on children have been mixed and sparse. Moreover, due to insufficient air monitoring, few studies have investigated the role of more tiny but unregulated particles (ambient particles with a diameter of 0.1 μm or less, ultrafine particles). OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the associations between long-term exposure to ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs) and childhood obesity in Chinese children. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we randomly recruited 47,990 children, aged 6-18 years, from seven cities in Northeastern China between 2012 and 2013. Child age- and sex-specific z-scores for body mass index (BMI Z-score) and weight status were generated using the World Health Organization growth reference. Four-year average concentrations of UFPs and airborne particulates of diameter ≤ 1 μm (PM1), ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), and ≤10 μm (PM10) were estimated at home, using neural network simulated WRF-Chem model and spatiotemporal model, respectively. Confounder-adjusted generalized linear mixed models examined the associations between air pollution and BMI Z-score and the prevalence of childhood obesity. RESULT We found that UFPs exposure was associated with greater childhood BMI Z-score and a higher likelihood of obesity. Compared with the lowest quartile, higher quartiles of UFPs were associated with greater odds for obesity prevalence in children (i.e., the adjusted OR was 1.25; 95 % CI, 1.12-1.39; 1.43; 95 % CI, 1.27-1.61; and 1.41; 95 % CI, 1.25-1.58 for the second, third, and fourth quartile, respectively). Similar associations were observed for PM1, PM2.5, and PM10, and were greater in boys and children living close to roadways. CONCLUSIONS Long-term UFPs exposure was associated with a greater likelihood of childhood obesity, and stronger associations on BMI Z-score were observed in boys and children living close to roadways. This study indicates that more attention should be paid to the health effects of UFPs, and routinely monitoring of UFPs should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Zhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shu-Li Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ya-Wen Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Stephen Edward McMillin
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Pengxin Dong
- Nursing College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Xia Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wangjian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Cerqueira A, Botelho Guedes F, Gaspar T, Godeau E, Gaspar de Matos M. Shedding Light on the Lifestyle and Participation of Portuguese Adolescents with Chronic Conditions—Data from the HBSC 2018 Study. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111717. [PMID: 36360445 PMCID: PMC9688521 DOI: 10.3390/children9111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Variables associated with lifestyle can constitute either risk or protective factors for the development and progression of chronic conditions (CC). This study intends to explore the differences between adolescents with and without CC and between adolescents whose school participation is affected/not affected by the existing CC with regard to variables related to lifestyle (i.e., sleep, physical activity, BMI, and leisure). In addition, it also intends to analyze the influence of these variables (i.e., CC and lifestyle) regarding the adolescents’ quality of life (QoL). This work is part of the Portuguese HBSC 2018 study. A total of 8215 adolescents participated (52.7% female), with an average age of 14.36 years (SD = 2.28). The results showed that the adolescents with CC and whose school attendance and participation are affected by their CC exhibit more sleep difficulties (i.e., they experience lower sleep quality and have a higher degree of sleepiness), higher BMI levels (i.e., higher values of overweight and obesity), less participation in leisure activities, and a lower perception of QoL. A higher perception of QoL is associated with school participation unaffected by the existing CC, sleeping well, a low level of sleepiness, a more frequent practice of physical activity, a lower BMI, and a greater involvement in leisure activities. Adolescent health and well-being are a prominent issue in terms of public policies, with behavior and lifestyle playing a significant role in this domain. This message needs to be reinforced in regard to families, educators, healthcare professionals, and public sector policies, particularly concerning students with CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cerqueira
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Aventura Social, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon/FMH-UL, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Fábio Botelho Guedes
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Aventura Social, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon/FMH-UL, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tania Gaspar
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Aventura Social, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs (HEI-LAB), Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emmanuelle Godeau
- French School of Public Health, EHESP, 35043 Rennes, France
- CERPOP, UMR 1295, Unité Mixte UMR INSERM, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Team SPHERE, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Margarida Gaspar de Matos
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Aventura Social, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMUL), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- APPSYci, ISPA, University Institute, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
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Philippe K, Perrotta C, O’Donnell A, McAuliffe FM, Phillips CM. Why do preconception and pregnancy lifestyle interventions demonstrate limited success in preventing overweight and obesity in children? A scoping review protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276491. [PMID: 36327318 PMCID: PMC9632912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse family-based lifestyle factors in the preconception period, pregnancy and early-childhood are major risk factors for childhood obesity and there is a growing consensus that early life interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children are required. However, results from recent systematic reviews of preconception and pregnancy interventions have demonstrated mixed success. Therefore, this protocol presents a study aiming to summarise and evaluate complex preconception and pregnancy intervention components, process evaluation components, and authors' statements, with a view to improving our understanding regarding their success and informing design or adaptation of more effective interventions to prevent childhood obesity. A scoping review will be conducted, using the frameworks of the JBI and Arksey and O'Malley. A two-step approach will be used to identify relevant literature: (1) systematic searches will be conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL to identify all eligible preconception and pregnancy trials with offspring data; and (2) CLUSTER searches will be conducted to find linked publications to eligible trials (follow-ups, process evaluation publications). Two researchers will independently select studies, chart, and synthesise data. A qualitative thematic analysis will be performed in which statements related to process evaluation components and authors' interpretations will be coded as "reasons". A descriptive analysis will be performed to evaluate intervention complexity using a complex intervention framework (AHRQ series; Medical Research Council guidance). The results of this study, which will be discussed with an expert group as part of a consultation stage, aim to identify gaps and inform the design or adaptation of future preconception and pregnancy interventions and approaches to potentially increase success rates. We expect that our results, which will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal, will be of interest to researchers, families, and practitioners concerned with good preconception and prenatal care, and healthy child outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaat Philippe
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail:
| | - Carla Perrotta
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling O’Donnell
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine M. Phillips
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Zhang S, Gao H, Cui Y, Wang X, Cao W, Ding Q, Chang B. Relationship between energy balance-related behaviors and personal and family factors in overweight/obese primary school students aged 10-12 years in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1968. [PMID: 36303130 PMCID: PMC9608935 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing rates of childhood obesity worldwide are a serious threat to the health of school-aged children. Unhealthy behavioral habits are modifiable factors in the control of childhood obesity, and personal and family factors are key influencing factors of behavioral habits in school-aged children. This study assessed the relationship between overweight/obesity, energy balance-related behaviors (EBRB), and their influencing factors in school-aged children. Methods This cross-sectional survey included 4412 primary school-aged (10–12 years) students who underwent body tests and were selected through stratified sampling in the Northeast, North, Northwest, and Southwest regions of China from March to July 2021. Independent sample t test was used to compare differences between behaviors and influencing factors of energy balance among overweight/obesity and normal weight students. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influence of EBRB on body shape. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the influence of personal and family factors on EBRB effects. Results Compared with normal-weight students, number of breakfasts consumed per week by overweight/obese students was significantly lower (p < 0.01), and weekly screen-viewing time was significantly longer (p < 0.01). Overweight/obese students’ health beliefs, parental subjective norms, parental modelling, parental practices, and home availability scores increased significantly in terms of beverage consumption behavior (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Attitude, health beliefs, self-efficacy, parental subjective norms, and parental support scores decreased significantly in terms of breakfast consumption (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Health belief scores on physical activity increased significantly (p < 0.01), while preference and autonomy scores decreased significantly (p < 0.01). Health beliefs, parental subjective norms, and parental practices scores of screen-viewing activities increased significantly (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Breakfast consumption (odds ratio [OR]: 0.911; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.870–0.954) and screen-viewing activities (OR:1.055; 95% CI: 1.030–1.080) correlated negatively and positively with overweight/obesity, respectively. The main influencing factors of breakfast behavior in overweight/obese students were self-efficacy (0.14), preference (0.11), attitude (0.07), home availability (0.18), and parent modelling (0.09); those for screen-viewing behavior were preference (0.19), self-efficacy (− 0.15), parental practices (0.13), and parental subjective norm (0.12). Conclusions Irregular breakfast consumption and excessive screen-viewing time are key EBRB associated with overweight/obesity among these Chinese participants. Their unhealthy breakfast consumption and screen-viewing activities result from a combination of personal and family factors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14238-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Zhang
- grid.440818.10000 0000 8664 1765Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029 Liaoning China
| | - Haining Gao
- grid.443556.50000 0001 1822 1192Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110115 Liaoning China
| | - Ying Cui
- grid.443556.50000 0001 1822 1192Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110115 Liaoning China
| | - Xin Wang
- grid.443556.50000 0001 1822 1192Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110115 Liaoning China
| | - Wenshuo Cao
- grid.443556.50000 0001 1822 1192Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110115 Liaoning China
| | - Qian Ding
- grid.443556.50000 0001 1822 1192Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110115 Liaoning China
| | - Bo Chang
- grid.443556.50000 0001 1822 1192Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, 110115 Liaoning China
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Gajardo-Araya G, Hernández-Jaña S, Olivares-Arancibia J, Ferrari G, Delgado-Floody P, Cristi-Montero C. Physical fitness mediates the inverse association between fatness indicators and academic achievement, despite the school vulnerability of adolescents—The Cogni-Action Project. Front Nutr 2022; 9:904831. [PMID: 36386944 PMCID: PMC9643798 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.904831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to determine the mediating role of physical fitness in the relationship between fatness indicators and academic achievement, exploring the influence of school vulnerability. Methods A total of 1,296 Chilean adolescents (aged 10 to 14 years; 50% girls) participated in this study. The global fitness score (GFS) was obtained by adding the three main components of the ALPHA fitness test: cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscular fitness (MF), and speed/agility fitness (SAF). CRF was evaluated through the 20 m shuttle run test; MF by upper and lower limb strength tests; and SAF by the 4 × 10 shuttle run test. BMIz and WHtR were evaluated as general (unspecific) and central (specific) fatness indicators. Academic achievement was established through grades in math, language, and science and their average scores. Multiple mediation analyses were performed according to two models, adjusted for sex, maturity, and schools (model 1), and in model 2, the school vulnerability index (SVI) was added. The SVI is an important proxy of socioeconomic status at the school level, and it was categorized as high-, mid-, or low-SVI. Mediation percentages were calculated, and confidence intervals (bootstrapping) were used to establish significant findings. Results CRF, SAF, and GFS mediate the relationship between fatness indicators and academic achievement, both partially and totally (ranging from 12.7 to 59.2%). However, MF did not show any mediation effect. After controlling for SVI, CRF, and GFS, mediation changed from partial to total in the associations between math and science with WHtR. Although SAF contributed to GFS mediation, CRF seems to have the most significant mediation role for all academic achievements, regardless of SVI and the fat indicator studied. Conclusion A higher level of general physical fitness, especially CRF, significantly mediates the detrimental influence of fatness on the academic achievement of schoolchildren. This study suggests that physical fitness plays a relevant role in academic and public health, considering the high prevalence and detrimental influence of obesity and school vulnerability in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Gajardo-Araya
- Magíster en Educación, Mención Política y Gestión Educativa, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Sam Hernández-Jaña
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jorge Olivares-Arancibia
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport, and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- *Correspondence: Carlos Cristi-Montero,
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Shao X, Tan LH, He L. Physical activity and exercise alter cognitive abilities, and brain structure and activity in obese children. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1019129. [PMID: 36340766 PMCID: PMC9631829 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1019129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing to such an extent that it has become a major global public health problem in the 21st century. Obesity alters children’s brain structure and activity and impairs their cognitive abilities. On the basis of these findings, it is necessary for educational and healthcare institutions to combat childhood obesity through preventive and therapeutic strategies. In general, exercise and physical activity are considered common but effective methods for improving physical, psychological, and brain health across the life span. Therefore, this review article mainly focuses on existing neuroimaging studies that have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)to assess children’s brain anatomy and neural activity. We intended to explore the roles of physical activity and exercise in modulating the associations among childhood obesity, cognitive abilities, and the structure and activity of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Shao
- School of Sports, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Xueyun Shao,
| | - Li Hai Tan
- Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Longfei He
- School of Sports, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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116
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Turkay E, Kabaran S. Neck circumference cut-off points for detecting overweight and obesity among school children in Northern Cyprus. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:594. [PMID: 36229791 PMCID: PMC9563478 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03644-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck circumference is one of the anthropometric parameters that is widely used in practical applications, clinical and epidemiological studies in children. It is aimed to determine the neck circumference cut-off points and to use them in the detection of overweight and obesity in children living in Northern Cyprus. SUBJECTS This cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2019 and January 2020, and covered a sample of 692 children (367 girls and 325 boys) aged 6-10 years attending primary schools in the Northern Cyprus. METHODS Body weight, height, neck circumference, waist circumference, subscapular and triceps skinfold tickness were measured. BF% was calculated with Slaughter equations. World Health Organization BMI cut-off points for age and gender percentiles were used to categorize obesity. BMI, WHtR, NC, body fat were calculated. The Pearson Correlation co-efficient between NC and the other anhtropometric measurements were calculated. Receiver operating characteristics analysis, sensitivity, specificity, PV + ve PV- was used to determine the optimal NC cut-off points for identifying children with overweight and obesity. RESULTS NC was a statistically significant positive and strong relationship with body weight, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference (p < 0,005). NC cut-off values to define overweight and obesity were calculated as 26,9 cm in girls (AUC: 0,851, 95% CI: 0,811-0,891, sensitivity 70,50%, specificity 84,65%) and 27,9 cm in boys (AUC: 0,847, 95% CI: 0,805-0,888, sensitivity 76,4%, specificity 79,3%). The ROC curves accurately define overweight and obesity of the whole cohort regardless of age for both sexes of children. CONCLUSIONS The cut-off points for neck circumference were found to be 27,9 cm for boys and 26,9 cm for girls in determining overweight and obesity in children aged 6-10 years. The NC cut-off points obtained in this study can be used to define overweight and obesity in children in epidemiological studies. It is considered to shed light on studies that will examine the relationship between neck circumference and diseases with more people in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Turkay
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, T.R. North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Famagusta, Turkey.
| | - Seray Kabaran
- grid.461270.60000 0004 0595 6570Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, T.R. North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Famagusta, Turkey
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Xu E, Yin C, Yi X, Liu Y. Lifestyle Improvements and Vitamin D Supplementation Play an Important Role in the Prevention of Childhood Diabetes. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6133908. [PMID: 36246569 PMCID: PMC9553552 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6133908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was to investigate the characteristics of insulin secretion and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) levels in children with obesity. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted among children who underwent health checkups in the pediatric healthcare department of our hospital from January 2018 to January 2021, and they were divided into a normal group and an obese group according to their BMI. The insulin secretion and the 25(OH)D3 levels of the two groups of children were compared. A total of 721 children were included in the study, including 591 in the normal group and 130 in the obese group, with an obesity rate of 18.03%. Results The blood glucose of the normal group was 4.55 ± 1.75 mmol/L, and the 2 h PG was 7.51 ± 2.11 mmol/L; in the obesity group, they were 6.03 ± 2.16 mmol/L and 8.92 ± 3.24 mmol/L, respectively. The FPG and 2 h PG in the obese group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (all P < 0.05). The incidence of IFG/IGT in the normal group was 5.24% (31/591), and the incidence of DM was 3.71% (22/591); the incidence of IFG/IGT in the obese group was 14.62% (19/130), and the incidence of DM was 13.08% (17/130). The incidences of IFG/IGT and DM in the obese group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.05). The FINS of the children in the normal group was 18.46 ± 3.15 μU/mL, and the HOMA-IR was 2.64 ± 0.62; the above indicators in the obese group were 19.11 ± 4.72 μU/mL and 3.01 ± 0.83, respectively. The FINS and HOMA-IR in the obese group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.05). The serum 25(OH)D3 level in the normal group was 28.15 ± 5.27 ng/mL, of which 556 cases were normal in 25(OH)D3 and 35 cases were deficient in 25(OH)D3. The serum 25(OH)D3 level in the obese group was 24.35 ± 4.51 ng/mL, of which 112 cases were normal in 25(OH)D3 and 18 cases were deficient in 25(OH)D3. The level of serum 25(OH)D3 in the normal group was significantly higher than that in the normal group, and the ratio of 25(OH)D3 deficiency was significantly lower than that in the normal group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The blood glucose level of childhood obesity was significantly increased, the incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism and diabetes was significantly increased, and the level of 25(OH) vitamin D3 was significantly decreased. Lifestyle improvements and vitamin D supplementation play an important role in the prevention of childhood diabetes. Because the major causes of childhood obesity are excessive caloric intake and lack of exercise, the most effective and direct measures to prevent obesity are a reasonable lifestyle, reasonable eating habits, and moderate exercise. Although genetics are critical, there is no reliable way to eliminate obesity genes in the human body. Therefore, the role of obesity genes is required to be ultimately eliminated by reduced caloric intake and increased physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdi Xu
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunyan Yin
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yi
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuesheng Liu
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Parnarouskis L, Gearhardt AN, Mason AE, Adler NE, Laraia BA, Epel ES, Leung CW. Association of Food Insecurity and Food Addiction Symptoms: A Secondary Analysis of Two Samples of Low-Income Female Adults. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:1885-1892. [PMID: 35598730 PMCID: PMC10044472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household food insecurity persists in the United States and has important implications for health and well-being. Food insecurity in female-identified caregivers is particularly concerning, given its association with their mental health and adverse health outcomes for their children. Food insecurity is associated with disordered eating but, to our knowledge, no prior studies have examined an association between food insecurity and food addiction. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to examine whether food insecurity is associated with higher food addiction symptom endorsement in low-income female adults. DESIGN Secondary analysis of baseline data from a quasi-experimental study of a mindfulness-based intervention on gestational weight gain among low-income pregnant individuals and an observational study of low-income families. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants in study 1 (n = 208) were English-speaking, low-income pregnant individuals with overweight or obesity, recruited in California from 2011 to 2013. Participants in study 2 (n = 181) were English-speaking, low-income female caregivers for children aged 8 through 10 years, recruited in Michigan from 2018 to 2019. Both studies recruited participants from community health clinics, social service agencies, and online advertisements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was food addiction symptoms, assessed by the Yale Food Addiction Scale. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Multivariate Poisson regression was used to examine the association between household food insecurity and food addiction symptoms in each sample, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS In study 1, pregnant individuals in food-insecure households reported 21% higher food addiction symptoms than pregnant individuals in food-secure households (incidence rate ratio 1.21; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.47; P = .047). In study 2, caregivers in food-insecure households had 56% higher food addiction symptoms than caregivers in food-secure households (incidence rate ratio 1.56; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.40; P = .045). CONCLUSIONS These findings provide preliminary support for a relationship between household food insecurity and food addiction. Future research should examine potential mechanisms and whether interventions to reduce food insecurity lower risk of food addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashley E Mason
- Department of Psychiatry, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Nancy E Adler
- Center for Health and Community, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Barbara A Laraia
- Public Health Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA
| | - Elissa S Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - Cindy W Leung
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
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Hu K, Staiano AE. Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years in the US From 2011 to 2020. JAMA Pediatr 2022; 176:1037-1039. [PMID: 35877133 PMCID: PMC9315946 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study assesses trends in the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents in the US between 2011 and 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Hu
- Pediatric Obesity and Health Behavior Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Episcopal School of Baton Rouge, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Amanda E. Staiano
- Pediatric Obesity and Health Behavior Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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MacMillan Uribe AL, Rudt HG, Leak TM. Cultural influences on infant and toddler feeding among low-income Latinx mothers. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2022; 18:e13342. [PMID: 35702987 PMCID: PMC9480920 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Latinx infants and toddlers experience higher obesity rates than their black or white counterparts, increasing chronic disease risk later in life. Infant and toddler feeding (ITF) interventions are shown to improve dietary behaviours, but few studies target Latinx populations. Culturally tailoring such interventions is imperative, but cultural influences on Latinx ITF practices remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterize how culture influences ITF practices among Latinx mothers of low income. A brief survey and semistructured interview informed by the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) were conducted on Zoom with New York City-based Latinx mothers of children 4 to 24 months old. A directed content analysis approach was used to identify themes using TPB theoretical codes and inductive codes. Transcripts were coded independently by two researchers using NVivo 12. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in Excel. Participants (n = 19) were of Dominican, Mexican and Central and South American origin, had low acculturation scores and mean child age was 16.7 months (range: 5-24 months old). The central theme identified was that participants balanced cultural information with evidence-based health information to determine which ITF practices were most beneficial to infant/toddler health. This resulted in the adoption of evidence-based ITF recommendations, adoption of cultural practices that aligned with evidence-based recommendations and dismissal or postponement of cultural ITF practices that contradicted evidence-based recommendations. The present results can be applied to culturally relevant ITF education as follows: emphasizing the benefits of desirable ITF practices on children's health and promoting healthy cultural ITF practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L. MacMillan Uribe
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
- Institute for Advancing Health Through AgricultureTexas A&M AgriLife ResearchDallasTexasUnited States
| | - Hannah G. Rudt
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
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Sela Y, Grinberg K, Nemet D. Obstacles Preventing Public Health Nurses from Discussing Children’s Overweight and Obesity with Parents. Compr Child Adolesc Nurs 2022; 45:425-436. [DOI: 10.1080/24694193.2022.2117433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Sela
- Lecturer, Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Community Science, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek-Hefer, Israel
| | - Keren Grinberg
- Head of Nursing Sciences Department, Faculty of Social and Community Science, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek-Hefer, Israel
| | - Dan Nemet
- Child Health and Sport Center, Pediatrics, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Shi W, Liu H, Cao L, He Y, Su P, Chen J, Wang M, Li X, Bai S, Tang D. Acute effect of high-intensity interval exercise on vascular endothelial function and possible mechanisms of wall shear stress in young obese males. Front Physiol 2022; 13:966561. [PMID: 36187796 PMCID: PMC9523906 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.966561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the mechanisms of wall shear stress (WSS) responsible for the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on vascular endothelial function in young obese males. Methods: A within-subject study design was used. We examined the response of the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) to acute HIIE in young obese males (n = 20, age = 20.38 ± 1.40 years, body mass index [BMI] = 31.22 ± 3.57, body fat percentage [BF (%)] = 31.76 ± 3.57). WSS was manipulated using 100, 80, or 60 mmHg cuff inflation during the HIIE to determine the proper inflation capable of maintaining WSS near baseline levels. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance and LSD post hoc tests were performed to compare changes in WSS and vascular endothelial function at baseline HIIE and following HIIE using different cuff inflations. Results: There were no significant differences in RHI and WSS between the three cuff inflation values (p > 0.05). WSS was significantly higher in obese male individuals after HIIE and HIIE with 100 mmHg cuff inflation (p = 0.018, p = 0.005) than that at baseline, with no significant differences observed comparing HIIE and HIIE with 100 mmHg inflation (p = 0.23). The RHI after HIIE was significantly higher (p = 0.012) than that at baseline, while no significant differences were detected after HIIE at 100 mmHg (p = 0.91). The RHI was significantly lower after HIIE with 100 mmHg than that after HIIE (p = 0.007). WSS (p = 0.004) and RHI (p = 0.017) were significantly higher after HIIE than that at baseline, while no significant differences were observed after HIIE with either 80 or 60 mmHg cuff inflation (baseline vs. HIIE + 80 mmHg: WSS: p = 0.33, RHI: p = 0.38; baseline vs. HIIE + 60 mmHg: WSS: p = 0.58, RHI: p = 0.45). WSS was similar to HIIE, after HIIE with either 80 or 60 mmHg inflation (p = 0.36, p = 0.40). However, RHI was significantly higher for HIIE than for HIIE with both 80 and 60 mmHg inflation (p = 0.011, p = 0.006). Conclusion: HIIE could significantly improve WSS and vascular endothelial function. HIIE intervention with 60 or 80 mmHg inflation might enhance WSS near the baseline level. HIIE-induced acute changes in WSS may provide the primary physiological stimulus for vascular endothelial adaptation to HIIE in young obese males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Shi
- College of P.E. and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Liu
- School of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng He
- College of P.E. and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Su
- College of P.E. and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangang Chen
- College of P.E. and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- College of P.E. and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xulong Li
- Department of P.E., Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Capital Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Donghui Tang
- College of P.E. and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Donghui Tang,
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Torbahn G, Brauchmann J, Axon E, Clare K, Metzendorf MI, Wiegand S, Pratt JS, Ells LJ. Surgery for the treatment of obesity in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022; 9:CD011740. [PMID: 36074911 PMCID: PMC9454261 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011740.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child and adolescent overweight and obesity have increased globally and are associated with significant short- and long-term health consequences. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of surgery for treating obesity in childhood and adolescence. SEARCH METHODS For this update, we searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information database (LILACS), World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP)and ClinicalTrials.gov on 20 August 2021 (date of the last search for all databases). We did not apply language restrictions. We checked references of identified studies and systematic reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA We selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of surgical interventions for treating obesity in children and adolescents (age < 18 years) with a minimum of six months of follow-up. We excluded interventions that specifically dealt with the treatment of eating disorders or type 2 diabetes, or which included participants with a secondary or syndromic cause of obesity, or who were pregnant. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Where necessary, we contacted authors for additional information. MAIN RESULTS With this update, we did not find any new RCTs. Therefore, this updated review still includes a single RCT (a total of 50 participants, 25 in both the intervention and comparator groups). The intervention focused on laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding surgery, which was compared to a control group receiving a multi-component lifestyle programme. The participating population consisted of Australian adolescents (a higher proportion of girls than boys) aged 14 to 18 years, with a mean age of 16.5 and 16.6 years in the gastric banding and lifestyle groups, respectively. The trial was conducted in a private hospital, receiving funding from the gastric banding manufacturer. For most of the outcomes, we identified a high risk of bias, mainly due to bias due to missing outcome data. Laparoscopic gastric banding surgery may reduce BMI by a mean difference (MD) of -11.40 kg/m2 (95% CI -13.22 to -9.58) and weight by -31.60 kg (95% CI -36.66 to -26.54) compared to a multi-component lifestyle programme at two years follow-up. The evidence is very uncertain due to serious imprecision and a high risk of bias. Adverse events were reported in 12/25 (48%) participants in the intervention group compared to 11/25 (44%) in the control group. A total of 28% of the adolescents undergoing gastric banding required revisional surgery. The evidence is very uncertain due to serious imprecision and a high risk of bias. At two years of follow-up, laparoscopic gastric banding surgery may increase health-related quality of life in the physical functioning scores by an MD of 16.30 (95% CI 4.90 to 27.70) and change in health scores by an MD of 0.82 (95% CI 0.18 to 1.46) compared to the lifestyle group. The evidence is very uncertain due to serious imprecision and a high risk of bias. No data were reported for all-cause mortality, behaviour change, participants' views of the intervention and socioeconomic effects. Finally, we have identified three ongoing RCTs that are evaluating the efficacy and safety of metabolic and bariatric surgery in children and adolescents. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic gastric banding led to greater body weight loss compared to a multi-component lifestyle program in one small study with 50 participants. These results have very limited application, primarily due to more recent recommendations derived from observation studies to avoid the use of banding in youth due to long-term reoperation rates. This systematic review update still highlights the lack of RCTs in this field. The authors are concerned that there may be ethical barriers to RTCs in this field, despite the lack of other effective therapies for severe obesity in children and adolescents and the significant morbidity and premature mortality caused by childhood obesity. Nevertheless, future studies, whether pre-registered and planned non-randomised or pragmatic randomised trials, should assess the impact of the surgical procedure and post-operative care to minimise adverse events, including the need for post-operative adjustments and revisional surgery. Long-term follow-up is also critical to comprehensively assess the impact of surgery as participants enter adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Torbahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum Nürnberg, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jana Brauchmann
- Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emma Axon
- Cochrane Skin, Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Maria-Inti Metzendorf
- Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group, Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janey Sa Pratt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Stanford University, Standford, CA, USA
| | - Louisa J Ells
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
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Krieg S, Roderburg C, Krieg A, Luedde T, Loosen SH, Kostev K. The association between body height and cancer: a retrospective analysis of 784,192 outpatients in Germany. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04335-0. [PMID: 36066621 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer risk is determined by numerous factors. Recently, body height has been linked to different cancer sites in different populations. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 784,192 adult outpatients with available body height values from 2010 to 2020 using the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA). The outcome was the incidence of cancer diagnoses within the study period according to body height, stratified by age, sex, and cancer sites. RESULTS Overall cancer incidence rose with increasing body height in both sexes. In women, there was a rise from 10.9 (≤ 160 cm) to 13.6 (> 180 cm) and from 16.6 (≤ 160 cm) to 26.8 (> 180 cm) cases per 1000 patient years in the 51-60 and > 70 years age group, respectively. Among men, cancer incidene increased from 23.9 (≤ 165 cm) to 26.3 (176-185 cm) and from 38.9 (≤ 165 cm) to 43.4 (176-185 cm) cases per 1000 patient years in 61-70 and > 70 years age group, respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) for developing cancer was 1.11 (95% CI 1.09-1.13) for every 10 cm increase in body height among women and 1.06 (95% CI 1.04-1.08) among men. A significant association between body height and cancer incidence was found for certain cancer sites, such as malignant melanoma, in both women (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.11-1.33) and men (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.18-1.42). CONCLUSION In this study, we present the first data from a large cohort from Germany that provide strong evidence for a positive association between body height and the overall risk of developing various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Krieg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Andreas Krieg
- Department of Surgery (A), Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven H Loosen
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Perceived Difficulties in Physical Tasks and Physical Fitness in Treatment- and Non-Treatment-Seeking Youths with Obesity. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091351. [PMID: 36138659 PMCID: PMC9498025 DOI: 10.3390/children9091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Youths with obesity are more likely to experience physical and psychosocial distress which strongly limits physical activity, with consequences on the quality of life. Most evidence of lower physical fitness and physical activity levels has been reported in treatment-seeking samples, while few data are available in community samples. Our aim was to assess whether perceived difficulties in physical tasks and physical fitness performance differed between treatment- and non-treatment-seeking youths with obesity, enrolled from a hospital (H) and a school (S). Three hundred fifty-one youths (269 from H and 82 from S) were enrolled. Sports participation, sedentary habits and perceived difficulties in physical tasks were assessed by interview. Six-minute walk test (SMWD) and long jump (LJ) were performed. BMI Z-score, sedentary time and perceived difficulties were higher in H vs. S. In addition, youths from H scored worse in SMWD and LJ. For the same BMI Z-score, the perceived difficulties and physical fitness were poorer in the H compared to the S group. The setting (H) was the stronger predictor of perceived difficulties and lower performance. Our findings underline that physical aspects imposed by obesity are more evident in treatment-seeking youths. Counseling related to perceived difficulties in physical tasks and performance is useful to treat youth with obesity with appropriate and personalized modalities.
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Hany M, Hafez Mohammad MK, Abd Elhafeez NA, Shafiq Agayby AS, Torensma B. A cross-sectional survey of patients attending follow-up visits after sleeve gastrectomy: Factors affecting weight loss. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2022; 3:100029. [PMID: 37990722 PMCID: PMC10662034 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Bariatric surgery offers long-term weight loss and maintenance for patients with obesity. Several factors may be associated with patients' inability to achieve successful excess weight loss (EWL) after the surgery. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with improved or in-progress EWL among patients who had undergone laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Methods This original clinical investigation was conducted at the Outpatient Surgical Department-Medical Research Institute Hospital at Alexandria University in Egypt. A sample size of 100 adult surgical patients who had undergone LSG was selected from patients who attended follow-up in the study setting. Group A had an EWL% ≥50 and group B had an EWL <50. Body Mass Index (BMI) classes were defined as 25-30 kg/m2, >30-35 kg/m2, >35-40 kg/m2, >40 ≥ 45 kg/m2. Results Post-operatively, after six months, 100% of the patients in group A had a BMI between 25 and 30 mg/m2, compared to 0% in group B. Nevertheless, patients in group EWL<50 (group B) who had pre-operatively BMI class ≥45 mg/m2, had a reduction in weight of 89.5% post-operatively, (n = 2 still had a BMI >45 kg/m2 post operatively), In total, 63.9% of the patients in group B managed to get towards a BMI of 30-35 kg/m2 post-operatively. The main factors associated with group B (less %EWL after 6 months) were found to be related to higher preoperative BMI, the onset of obesity started in childhood, less preoperative weight loss, longer postoperative duration towards weight reduction, and lower postoperative compliance to dietary instructions (P = 0.0001, 0.048, 0.0001, 0.017, and 0.016, respectively). Conclusion Routine cross-sectional surveying can help clinicians in understanding patients' post-operative follow-up routines. Special attention to pre-operative BMI, weight-loss regimens, and childhood-onset as well as post-operative duration, low responders, and compliance with clinical assessment can improve weight loss outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hany
- Department of Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Bart Torensma
- Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
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Vorobeľová L, Falbová D, Candráková Čerňanová V. Contribution of environmental factors and female reproductive history to hypertension and obesity incidence in later life. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 49:236-247. [PMID: 35867530 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2105398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension (HT) and obesity, which are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, are complex traits determined by multiple biological and behavioural factors. However, the role of female reproductive history in evaluating HT and obesity is still unclear. AIM To investigate the long-term effects of reproductive factors on the probability of obesity and HT in later life after adjusting for socio-demographic and lifestyle behaviour factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 503 women (39 - 65 years) were recruited from different localities in Slovakia. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to test the associations. RESULTS Early menarche age of 11 years and under was associated with twice higher probability of obesity at midlife, independent of environmental confounders (OR = 2.27, CI = 1.35 - 3.81, p = 0.002). Breastfeeding (Bf) women had a lower likelihood of obesity in later life than non-Bf parous women, independent of environmental confounders (OR = 0.35, CI = 0.17 - 0.72, p = 0.004). Finally, age at menarche was associated with obesity-associated HT. CONCLUSION Reproductive factors are significantly associated with obesity and obesity-associated HT in later life. The age at menarche and Bf can be risk factors for early identification of women with increased likelihood of adult cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Vorobeľová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Darina Falbová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Cao Q, Zheng R, He R, Wang T, Xu M, Lu J, Dai M, Zhang D, Chen Y, Zhao Z, Wang S, Lin H, Wang W, Ning G, Bi Y, Xu Y, Li M. Use of the new guidelines on an earlier age threshold of 35 years for diabetes screening can identify an additional 6.3 million undiagnosed individuals with diabetes and 72.3 million individuals with prediabetes among Chinese adults: An analysis of a nationally representative survey. Metabolism 2022; 134:155238. [PMID: 35697298 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young-onset diabetes has been increasingly prevalent in China and most of the young patients with diabetes remain undiagnosed. Recently, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) updated their screening criteria and turned down the age threshold of diabetes screening from 45 years to 35 years, which highlighted the importance of identifying young individuals with diabetes. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the clinical relevance of updated ADA screening recommendations in Chinese adults and the metabolic features and risk factor profiles of these newly diagnosed individuals. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Using a complex, multistage, probability sampling design, we analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of 98,658 Chinese adults in 2010. Participants without previously diagnosed diabetes were included into the present study. We calculated the proportion of individuals with diabetes eligible for screening and the number needed to screen (NNS) to identify one patient with diabetes by age groups. RESULTS Setting an earlier age threshold of diabetes screening can identify additional 6.3 million patients with diabetes and 72.3 million individuals with prediabetes, and the proportion of identified individuals increased more in rural, underdeveloped, and central areas. The NNS in Chinese adults dropped significantly from 28 in 30-34 age group to 15 in 35-45 years of age and remained low afterwards. The undiagnosed patients with diabetes who met the new screening age threshold of ADA recommendation were characterized by younger age, lower blood pressure and blood lipids, but higher proportion of overweight and higher level of insulin resistance, and tended to have an unhealthy diet habit, including low intake of fruits and vegetables and high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, compared to those aged over 45 years. CONCLUSIONS The new age threshold of 35 years for diabetes screening would reduce the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes with high cost-effectiveness, given the NNS for a positive test result was much lower in 35-45 age group comparing to the lower age group in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Cao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruizhi Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixin He
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiange Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Zhao C, Ma L, Gao L, Wu Y, Yan Y, Peng W, Wang Y. Effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention for the improvement of nutritional status and nutrition knowledge of children in poverty-stricken areas in Shaanxi Province, China. GLOBAL HEALTH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Lazarus E, Bays HE. Cancer and Obesity: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2022; 3:100026. [PMID: 37990728 PMCID: PMC10661911 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) provides an overview of cancer and increased body fat. Methods The scientific information for this CPS is based upon published scientific citations, clinical perspectives of OMA authors, and peer review by the Obesity Medicine Association leadership. Results Topics include the increased risk of cancers among patients with obesity, cancer risk factor population-attributable fractions, genetic and epigenetic links between obesity and cancer, adiposopathic and mechanistic processes accounting for increased cancer risk among patients with obesity, the role of oxidative stress, and obesity-related cancers based upon Mendelian randomization and observational studies. Other topics include nutritional and physical activity principles for patients with obesity who either have cancer or are at risk for cancer, and preventive care as it relates to cancer and obesity. Conclusions Obesity is the second most common preventable cause of cancer and may be the most common preventable cause of cancer among nonsmokers. This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) on cancer is one of a series of OMA CPSs designed to assist clinicians in the care of patients with the disease of obesity. Patients with obesity are at greater risk of developing certain types of cancers, and treatment of obesity may influence the risk, onset, progression, and recurrence of cancer in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Lazarus
- Diplomate American Board of Obesity Medicine, Diplomate American Board of Family Medicine, President Obesity Medicine Association (2021- 2022); Delegate American Medical Association, Clinical Nutrition Center 5995 Greenwood Plaza Blvd, Ste 150, Greenwood Village, CO 80111
| | - Harold Edward Bays
- Diplomate of American Board of Obesity Medicine, Medical Director/President Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Clinical Associate Professor/University of Louisville Medical School, 3288 Illinois Avenue, Louisville, KY, 40213, USA
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Fismen AS, Frans Smith OR, Helleve A, Haug E, Chatelan A, Kelly C, Dzielska A, Nardone P, Melkumova M, Ercan O, Kopcakova J, Lazzeri G, Klepp KI, Samdal O. Cross-national variation in the association between family structure and overweight and obesity: Findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged children (HBSC) study. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101127. [PMID: 35677220 PMCID: PMC9168136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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The Association between Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and High-Energy Diets and Academic Performance in Junior School Students. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173577. [PMID: 36079833 PMCID: PMC9460257 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the consumption frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and high-energy diets in junior school students in China and to explore the relationship between SSBs and high-energy diets and academic performance. Information about 9251 junior school students was retrieved from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) database. The Mann−Whitney U test and the Kruskal−Wallis test were used to compare differences in academic performance based on the variables of interest. Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the association between the consumption frequency of SSBs and high-energy diet and student academic performance, fixed and random effects were included to control for confounding factors. The proportions of the “often” consumption group of SSBs and high-energy diets were 21.5% and 14.6%, respectively. For SSBs, the total score of the “often” consume group was 4.902 (95%CI: −7.660~−2.144, p < 0.001) points lower than that of the “seldom” consume group. Scores of Chinese math, and English were 0.864 (95%CI: −1.551~−0.177, p = 0.014), 2.164 (95%CI: −3.498~−0.831, p = 0.001), and 1.836 (95%CI: −2.961~−0.710, p = 0.001) points lower, respectively. For high-energy diets, the scores of total, Chinese and English in the “sometimes” consume group were 2.519 (95%CI: 0.452~4.585, p = 0.017), 1.025 (95%CI: 0.510~1.540, p < 0.001) and 1.010 (95%CI: 0.167~1.853, p = 0.019) points higher than that of the “seldom” consume group, respectively. Our findings suggested that consumption of SSBs was often negatively associated with academic performance in junior school students, while medium consumption of high-energy diets had a positive correlation. The positive association between high-energy diets and academic performance may be related to the food items included in the high-energy diets consumed by Chinese students. Schools and families should pay more effort to reduce the consumption of SSBs, and for high-energy diets, the focus should be on food selection and avoiding excessive intake. Longitudinal studies are needed to further test these findings among adolescents.
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Cheang C, Law S, Ren J, Chan W, Wang C, Dong Z. Prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with severe obesity and the relationship between serum uric acid and severe obesity: A decade retrospective cross-section study in Chinese adults. Front Public Health 2022; 10:986954. [PMID: 36091568 PMCID: PMC9462510 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.986954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Undoubtedly, the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and obesity is less data for Chinese patients with obesity. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and the association between SUA and patients with obesity. Methods All participants were categorized as overweight, obesity I, obesity II, and obesity III. In addition, based on SUA concentration, the participants were stratified into four quartiles. The authors used descriptive analysis, independent t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression models to verify the SUA level and obesity among Chinese adults. Results Overall, the estimated prevalence of HUA was 69.8%. In the BMI categories, the prevalence of HUA was 5.1% in overweight, 15.2% in obesity I, 16.9% in obesity II, and 32.5% in obesity III. Correlation analysis shows that SUA is strongly correlated with BMI, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC). Multiple linear regression analysis shows that high density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a protective predictor of serum uric acid levels in patients with obesity. Compared with the overweight, obesity I, obesity II, and obesity III were more likely to have higher levels in the SUA levels. Conclusion We mainly showed that the serum uric acid levels in Chinese patients with severe obesity declined slightly as age increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonin Cheang
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Saikam Law
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieru Ren
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wengtong Chan
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cunchuan Wang
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Dong
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhiyong Dong
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de Medeiros GCBS, de Azevedo KPM, Garcia D, Oliveira Segundo VH, Mata ÁNDS, Fernandes AKP, dos Santos RP, Trindade DDBDB, Moreno IM, Guillén Martínez D, Piuvezam G. Effect of School-Based Food and Nutrition Education Interventions on the Food Consumption of Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710522. [PMID: 36078238 PMCID: PMC9518323 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The school is a favorable environment for the development of interventions to prevent obesity. The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effects of school-based food and nutrition education interventions on adolescent food consumption. The literature search was conducted on databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ERIC, Science Direct, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, and ADOLEC. The following research strategies were focused on: population (adolescents), intervention (food and nutrition education), outcome (food consumption), and study design (clinical trial). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines were followed and all stages of this review were performed by two researchers and, when necessary, a third researcher resolved discrepancies. Included studies are randomized clinical trials (RCT). A total of 24 articles were included for review and 11 articles in meta-analysis. In the evaluation of the general effects, there was a significant effect (mean difference (MD) for fruit consumption (MD = 0.09, CI 0.05, 0.14) in serving/day; and for vegetables (MD = 0.59, IC 0.15, 1.03) at times/week. In the consumption of FV (fruits and vegetables), there was no significant effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) of interventions in their consumption (SMD = 0.00, 95% C1 -0.11, 0.11). The evidence available in this review and meta-analysis concludes that food and nutrition education interventions in schools presented favorable results in the food consumption of adolescents. Registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42019116520).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de Medeiros
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys), CNPq-UFRN, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-84-9880-42405
| | | | - Daniel Garcia
- Department of Physiotherapy, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Victor Hugo Oliveira Segundo
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Ádala Nayana de Sousa Mata
- Multicampi School of Medical Sciences of RN, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Grasiela Piuvezam
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys), CNPq-UFRN, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
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Ling J, Wen F, Robbins LB, Pageau L. Motivational interviewing to reduce anthropometrics among children: A meta-analysis, moderation analysis and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation assessment. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12896. [PMID: 35092188 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited systematic reviews exist to evaluate the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) on children's anthropometric factors. OBJECTIVE This review examined the effects of MI interventions for children and/or parents on children's anthropometric factors and included moderation analyses and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, we searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, SPORTDiscus, Education Resources Information Center, and Web of Science in December 2020. A two-step double screening approach was applied: (1) screening titles and abstracts, and (2) screening full-text articles obtained in step 1. At each step, discussion occurred until reaching consensus. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate risk of bias, and GRADE system was applied to assess overall quality of evidence. We performed meta-analyses using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. RESULTS A total of 2209 records were found, and 45 eligible articles were retained. MI interventions had a pooled effect of -0.15 on body mass index (BMI; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.24 to -0.06), -0.36 on waist circumference (WC; 95% CI: -0.71 to -0.01) and -0.22 on percent body fat (95% CI: -0.41 to -0.03). Child baseline weight status and percent low-income families were identified as significant intervention moderators. According to the GRADE assessment, the quality of evidence on BMI percentile, BMI z-score and percent body fat was moderate, while quality on BMI and WC was low. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, culturally appropriate clinic- or home-based MI interventions with adequate duration, dose and active parental involvement are promising in reducing anthropometrics among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Ling
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Fujun Wen
- Center for Family Health, Jackson, Michigan, USA
| | - Lorraine B Robbins
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Lauren Pageau
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Nutri-Score: Awareness, Perception and Self-Reported Impact on Food Choices among French Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153119. [PMID: 35956296 PMCID: PMC9370257 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, no studies have evaluated the appropriation of the front-of-pack Nutri-Score labeling among adolescents, although they are both consumers and buyers of food products. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were (1) to assess Nutri-Score awareness, perception and self-reported impact on food choices in French adolescents and (2) to identify the determinants associated with higher Nutri-Score awareness and self-reported impact on food choices. A web-based survey was conducted in November 2021 among 1201 adolescents. Multivariate logistic models were used to evaluate the relationships between individual factors and Nutri-Score awareness and self-reported impact on food choices. Almost all the adolescents reported to know the Nutri-Score (97.0%) and more than 9 out of 10 considered this logo easy to understand and easy to identify on food packages. Finally, 54% self-reported that the label had already impacted their food choices. Girls (2.28 (1.09−4.77), p = 0.028) and the 15−17-year-olds (3.12 (1.32−7.35), p = 0.0094) were more likely to be aware of the label compared with their respective counterparts (i.e., boys and the 11−14-year-olds). Regarding the impact of food choices, the use of the Nutri-Score by the parents was the most determinant criterion (7.74 (5.74−10.42), p < 0.0001). Thus, promotion campaigns should target both adolescents and parents.
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Tong J, Li X, Liang X, Tang F, Ren Y, Hao G, Peng X, Luo S, Feng Y, Huang D, Zhao L, Liang X. The relationship of remnant cholesterol and abdominal obesity in children: A cross-sectional study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:929560. [PMID: 35966536 PMCID: PMC9363601 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.929560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies found that remnant cholesterol (RC) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and childhood obesity is associated with cardiometabolic diseases. This study aimed to explore the relationship between RC and abdominal obesity in children. Methods A total of 5,959 children, aged 6−12 years old, were selected from a cross-sectional study in urban-rural areas of Chongqing, China. RC was calculated by total cholesterol (TC)—high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) cholesterol—low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) cholesterol and was divided into four groups by quartiles (Q1–Q4). Results Compared to children with the lowest RC (Q1), children with higher RC had significantly higher odds of abdominal obesity (Q2: OR = 1.450, 95% CI: 1.131−1.859, p < 0.05; Q3: OR = 2.127, 95% CI: 1.632−2.772, p < 0.001; Q4: OR = 2.386, 95% CI: 1.819−3.130, p < 0.001). In the stratified analyses by urban-rural areas, the odds ratios were greater in rural areas (Q2: OR = 2.228, 95% CI: 1.572−3.160, p < 0.001; Q3: OR = 3.668, 95% CI: 2.191−6.140, p < 0.001; Q4: OR = 6.490, 95% CI: 2.271−18.551, p < 0.001) than in urban areas (Q2: OR = 1.644, 95% CI: 1.192−2.266, p < 0.05; Q3: OR = 2.266, 95% CI: 1.667−3.082, p < 0.001; Q4: OR = 2.711, 95% CI: 2.005−3.665, p < 0.001). Conclusions Our study found that RC was positively correlated with abdominal obesity in children, and this association was higher for children living in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishuang Tong
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Shimian People's Hospital, Ya'an, China
| | | | - Xiaoyue Liang
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanling Ren
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang Hao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Sunqing Luo
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Ye Feng
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Daochao Huang
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohua Liang ,
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Yang Y, Yuan S, Liu Q, Li F, Dong Y, Dong B, Zou Z, Ma J, Baker JS, Li X, Liang W. Meeting 24-Hour Movement and Dietary Guidelines: Prevalence, Correlates and Association with Weight Status among Children and Adolescents: A National Cross-Sectional Study in China. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142822. [PMID: 35889779 PMCID: PMC9317649 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
China is confronted with a “double burden” of underweight and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of meeting 24 h movement and dietary guidelines among Chinese children and adolescents. Further, the study aimed to examine the association of meeting 24 h movement and dietary guidelines with weight status in Chinese children and adolescents. A total of 34,887 Chinese children and adolescents were involved. Only 2.1% of participants met the 24 h movement guidelines. Compared to those who met all three 24 h movement guidelines, those who only met the sleep duration guideline was significantly associated with a higher risk of underweight (p < 0.05), and those who only met the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, or screen time guidelines were significantly associated with a higher risk of overweight/obesity (p < 0.05). Compared with those meeting the dietary guidelines, those who did not meet the soft drink intake guideline had a significantly lower risk of underweight (p < 0.05), those who did not meet the fruit intake guideline had a significantly lower risk of overweight/obesity (p < 0.05), and those who did not meet the milk intake guideline showed a significantly higher risk of overweight/obesity (p < 0.001). These findings indicate a significant association between meeting the 24 h movement and dietary guidelines and weight status among Chinese children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yide Yang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Shuqian Yuan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (Q.L.)
| | - Feifei Li
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (F.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (X.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Bin Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (F.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xianxiong Li
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (X.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Wei Liang
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (F.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (X.L.); (W.L.)
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139
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Benefits of Exercise in Multidisciplinary Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder in Adolescents with Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148300. [PMID: 35886152 PMCID: PMC9315465 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity in childhood and adolescence represents a serious health problem worldwide. Similarly, eating disorders (EDs) are complex diseases that affect adolescents with an increasing prevalence and are an alarming health concern to both physical and mental health. Traditionally, obesity and EDs, particularly binge eating disorder (BED), have been considered separate conditions, but there is emerging evidence such as etiology, comorbidities, risk factors, psychosocial impairment, and prevention approaches, highlighting important overlaps among these conditions. In youth, the two conditions share risk factors and consequences at both the physical and psychological levels, requiring special care. Exercise, useful as strategy to prevent and treat overweight conditions, may have beneficial effects on BED symptoms, suggesting that it may be considered as one of the key factors in the treatment of individuals affected by obesity with BED. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the bidirectional impact of obesity and BED in adolescents, in terms of risk factors, etiology and comorbid conditions. Specifically, we focused on the benefits of physical activity (PA) in the multidisciplinary treatment of subjects affected by obesity with BED. Even though additional research is needed to reach conclusions about the role of exercise in the treatment of obesity and comorbid BED, especially in adolescents, promising results have already suggested that closely monitored exercise is safe and, paired with cognitive behavioral therapy, may provide multiple benefits on both the physical and psychological levels. Tailored and integrated treatments for weight management and eating disorders are important to promptly and effectively treat obese subjects that have BED.
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140
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Giannini C, Polidori N, Chiarelli F, Mohn A. The bad rainbow of COVID-19 time: effects on glucose metabolism in children and adolescents with obesity and overweight. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1694-1702. [PMID: 35778481 PMCID: PMC9263072 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 restriction measurements have enhanced the obesity status in the pediatric population which might further contribute to obesity-related glucose-insulin metabolism alterations. Therefore, we retrospectively compared anthropometric and OGTT data on children with obesity during the 13 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects/methods Data from 741 children with obesity and overweight were retrieved and clustered into seven groups starting from year 2008–2009 until 2020–2021. Differences in anthropometric measurements and glucose/insulin metabolism were evaluated between the different groups. Results Children with overweight and obesity in the COVID-19 restriction group did not present increased values of SDSBody Mass Index (BMI). Significantly higher values for Waist Circumference (WC), SDS-WC, Waist/Height ratio (WHtR), and body mass fat were detected in these children (all P < 0.01). Fasting glycaemia, glucose, and insulin excursions were significantly higher compared to pre pandemic children (all P < 0.01). Insulin resistance was higher while insulin secretion was lower (all P < 0.01) determining a significantly higher percentage of impaired glucose tolerance in the COVID-19 restriction group (P < 0.002). Furthermore, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly lower (P < 0.01) and SDS for systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were significantly higher (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively). Conclusions COVID-19 restriction measurements determined profound alterations in glucose and insulin metabolism in children with obesity and overweight. Urgent strategies are needed in order to reverse COVID-19 restriction measures’ effects on glucose and insulin metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Giannini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.,Clinical Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nella Polidori
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Francesco Chiarelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.,Clinical Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angelika Mohn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.,Clinical Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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141
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Hu Y, Ding G, Lv C, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Yuan T, Ao J, Gao Y, Xia Y, Yu X, Tian Y. Association between triclosan exposure and obesity measures among 7-year-old children in northern China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113610. [PMID: 35569301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triclosan (TCS) is a widely used synthetic antibacterial compound with ubiquitous human exposure. Animal studies have suggested the obesogenic effect of TCS exposure, but knowledge regarding its impacts on childhood obesity was limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations of TCS exposure with childhood obesity in northern China. METHODS This study included 423 children who participated in the 7-year-old follow-up visits of Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort in Shandong, northern China. Children's TCS exposure were determined in spot urine samples via high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass. Their height, weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured or calculated. BMI z-score ≥ 85th percentile was defined as overweight/obesity, and WHtR ≥ 0.5 was considered to be abdominal obesity. Multivariable linear regressions, generalized linear models (GLMs), and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to examine the associations between TCS exposure and obesity measures in children. RESULTS Linear regressions showed that TCS concentrations, when treated as continuous variables, were positively associated with BMI z-score (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.24) and body fat percentage (β = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.13, 1.52). When TCS concentrations were categorized as a four-level ordinal variable, the results of GLMs were similar those of continuous variables and both of the positive trends were significant (p-trend = 0.049 for BMI z-score; p-trend = 0.023 for body fat percentage). Moreover, the higher TCS levels versus reference group were associated with an approximate 2-3 fold increased risk of abdominal obesity (p-trend = 0.044). CONCLUSION Exposure to TCS was positively associated with obesity measures among 7-year-old children in northern, China. Given to the cross-sectional study design, a large prospective study is warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Center for Medical Bioinformatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Guodong Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qianlong Zhang
- MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junjie Ao
- MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaodan Yu
- MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Ying Tian
- MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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142
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Li A, Zhou Q, Mei Y, Zhao J, Zhao M, Xu J, Ge X, Xu Q. Novel Strategies for Assessing Associations Between Selenium Biomarkers and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: Concentration, Visit-to-Visit Variability, or Individual Mean? Evidence From a Repeated-Measures Study of Older Adults With High Selenium. Front Nutr 2022; 9:838613. [PMID: 35711534 PMCID: PMC9196882 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.838613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Previous studies have focused only on the cardiometabolic effects of selenium concentrations. We explored whether selenium levels and their visit-to-visit variability (VVV) and individual mean (IM) are independently associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods A three-wave repeated-measures study of older adults with high selenium (n = 201) was conducted in Beijing from 2016 to 2018. Whole blood selenium and urinary selenium concentrations were measured. VVV and IM were used to profile the homeostasis of the selenium biomarkers. Four indicators, namely standard deviation, coefficient of variation, average real variability, and variability independent of the mean, were employed to characterize VVV. We considered 13 cardiometabolic factors: four lipid profile indicators, three blood pressure indices, glucose, uric acid, waistline, hipline, waist-hip ratio, and sex-specific metabolic syndrome score. Linear mixed-effects regression models with random intercepts for the participants were employed to explore the associations of the selenium concentrations, VVV, and IM with the cardiometabolic factors. Results The geometric mean whole blood and urinary selenium levels were 134.30 and 18.00 μg/L, respectively. Selenium concentrations were significantly associated with numerous cardiometabolic factors. Specifically, whole blood selenium was positively associated with total cholesterol [0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12, 0.33], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.42), glucose (0.22, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.34), and uric acid (0.16, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.28). After adjustment for VVV, the IM of whole blood selenium was positively correlated with total cholesterol (0.002, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.004), triglycerides (0.007, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.011), and LDL-C (0.002, 95% CI: 0.000, 0.004). However, we did not observe any robust associations between the VVV of the selenium biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk factors after adjustment for IM. Conclusion Our findings suggest that selenium concentrations and their IMs are significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among older adults with high selenium. Longer repeated-measures studies among the general population are required to validate our findings and elucidate the relevant underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yayuan Mei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meiduo Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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143
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Ma Y, Lu C, Ji B, Qin J, Cai C, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Liang G, Guo X, Cao G, Li B, Gao P. Integrated Omics Analysis Reveals Alterations in the Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites of Piglets After Starvation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:881099. [PMID: 35783381 PMCID: PMC9240708 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.881099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious public health problem. Short-term starvation is an effective way to lose weight but can also cause harm to the body. However, a systematic assessment of the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and metabolites after complete fasting is lacking. Pigs are the best animal models for exploring the mechanisms of human nutrition digestion and absorption, metabolism, and disease treatment. In this study, 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze the changes in the intestinal microbiota and metabolite profiles in piglets under starvation stress. The results show that the microbial composition was changed significantly in the starvation groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05), suggesting that shifts in the microbial composition were induced by starvation stress. Furthermore, differences in the correlation of the intestinal microbiota and metabolites were observed in the different experimental groups. Starvation may disrupt the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota and metabolite profile and affect the health of piglets. However, piglets can regulate metabolite production to compensate for the effects of short-term starvation. Our results provide a background to explore the mechanism of diet and short-term hunger for intestinal homeostasis.
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144
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Elmahdi R, Wennerström ECM, Andersson M, Wohlfahrt J, Melbye M, Pukkala E, Hortlund M, Silander K, Sutinen K, Jess T, Dillner J. Shared Environment and Colorectal Cancer: A Nordic Pedigree Registry-based Cohort Study. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1261-1269. [PMID: 35657349 PMCID: PMC9545319 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) increases in relatives of patients with CRC. The extent to which this is attributable to genetic predisposition or shared environment is unclear. We explored this question using nationwide cohorts from Denmark, Finland and Sweden. From 1977-2013, we identified 359,879 individuals with a CRC diagnosis and 2,258,870 of their relatives who we followed for CRC incidence. We calculated standardised incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CRC in individuals with an affected relative. We used nationwide household and pedigree data along with national SIR estimates to calculate risk ratios (RR) for the contribution of shared household environment, childhood environment, and genetic relationship to CRC risk in those with an affected relative. SIR of CRC was increased for individuals with an affected relative, across all countries and ages. For those with an affected parent, the SIR was 1.65 (95% CI: 1.61-1.69), 1.98 (95% CI: 1.87-2.09), for those with an affected sibling, and 2.14 (95% CI: 1.84-2.49) for those with an affected halfsibling. In those <65 years old, shared childhood (RR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.26-1.57) and household (RR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.25-3.46) environments were significantly greater contributors to familial risk of CRC than genetics (RR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.53-1.46). This large-scale Nordic population-based study of excess risk of CRC among relatives of those with CRC addresses the difficult disentangling of shared environment from genetic predisposition in the heritability of CRC. We found shared environment to be the most important contributor to CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Elmahdi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (PREDICT)Aalborg UniversityCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Mikael Andersson
- Department of Epidemiology ResearchStatens Serum InstitutCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jan Wohlfahrt
- Department of Epidemiology ResearchStatens Serum InstitutCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Fertility and HealthNorwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic EpidemiologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Faculty of Social SciencesTampere UniversityTampereFinland
- Finnish Cancer RegistryInstitute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer ResearchHelsinkiFinland
| | | | | | | | - Tine Jess
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (PREDICT)Aalborg UniversityCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAalborg University HospitalAalborgDenmark
| | - Joakim Dillner
- Medical Diagnostics KarolinskaKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
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O’Nunain K, Park C, Urquijo H, Leyden GM, Hughes AD, Davey Smith G, Richardson TG. A lifecourse mendelian randomization study highlights the long-term influence of childhood body size on later life heart structure. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001656. [PMID: 35679339 PMCID: PMC9182693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with obesity typically have larger left ventricular heart dimensions during adulthood. However, whether this is due to a persistent effect of adiposity extending into adulthood is challenging to disentangle due to confounding factors throughout the lifecourse. We conducted a multivariable mendelian randomization (MR) study to separate the independent effects of childhood and adult body size on 4 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of heart structure and function in the UK Biobank (UKB) study. Strong evidence of a genetically predicted effect of childhood body size on all measures of adulthood heart structure was identified, which remained robust upon accounting for adult body size using a multivariable MR framework (e.g., left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), Beta = 0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.23 to 0.43, P = 4.6 × 10−10). Sensitivity analyses did not suggest that other lifecourse measures of body composition were responsible for these effects. Conversely, evidence of a genetically predicted effect of childhood body size on various other MRI-based measures, such as fat percentage in the liver (Beta = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.23, P = 0.002) and pancreas (Beta = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.33, P = 3.9 × 10−4), attenuated upon accounting for adult body size. Our findings suggest that childhood body size has a long-term (and potentially immutable) influence on heart structure in later life. In contrast, effects of childhood body size on other measures of adulthood organ size and fat percentage evaluated in this study are likely explained by the long-term consequence of remaining overweight throughout the lifecourse. Children with obesity typically have larger left ventricular heart dimensions during adulthood, but this is challenging to disentangle due to confounding factors throughout life. This study uses Mendelian randomization to provide evidence that being overweight in early life may indeed have a long-term influence on cardiac structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie O’Nunain
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Park
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Urquijo
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Genevieve M. Leyden
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alun D. Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Davey Smith
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tom G. Richardson
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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146
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Fornander MJ, Roberts T, Egan AM, Moser CN. Weight Status, Medication Use, and Recreational Activities of Treatment-Naïve Transgender Youth. Child Obes 2022; 18:228-236. [PMID: 34762510 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Studies of transgender/gender diverse (TGD) youth indicate a high prevalence of overweight/obesity and concern for unhealthy weight management behavior. This study describes the association of weight status with medication use and recreational activities among treatment-naïve, pediatric TGD patients. Methods: This study is a chart review of 277 patients [aged 9-18 years, 79.1% female sex assigned at birth (SAB), and 86.3% white] seen at a medical center from 2017 to 2020. BMI was calculated by age and SAB using CDC growth charts. BMI percentile (BMI%) and BMI z-score (BMIz) were used to define weight status. Results: By BMI% category, 3.6% patients were in the underweight range (BMI <5%); 50.5% had BMI >85%; and 30.3% had BMI >95%. Overweight and obesity rates were higher than national norms (χ2 = 15.152, p < 0.01). Female SAB participants had higher BMIz values than male SAB participants. Youth who reported watching/listening to media (t = 3.50, p < 0.01) and parent-reported creative arts involvement (t = 1.97, p = 0.05) were associated with higher BMIz values. Conversely, spending time with friends and family was associated with a lower BMIz. Over half of the patients were prescribed medications, and those patients taking medications had higher BMIz values than those not taking medications (t = -1.96, p < 0.05). Female SAB, involvement in sedentary recreational activities, and taking medications to treat gastrointestinal conditions were associated with elevated BMIz. Conclusions: Overweight/obesity is a common problem among TGD youth. TGD youth should be considered a high-risk group and targeted in obesity prevention and treatment efforts. Interventions to decrease sedentary activities and improve connections with friends and family are promising strategies to address overweight and obesity among TGD youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirae J Fornander
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Timothy Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Anna M Egan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Christine N Moser
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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147
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Examining School and Neighborhood Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Childhood Obesity in the U.S. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105831. [PMID: 35627368 PMCID: PMC9141304 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity amongst Kindergartners in Texas is above the national average, particularly among Hispanic students. Research on the impact of school and neighborhood-level SES on obesity in childhood using multilevel models is lacking. Survey data were collected from Hispanic caregivers of pre-kindergarten students in Fall 2019 (n = 237). Students were clustered in thirty-two neighborhoods and twelve schools. The dependent variable was the child’s body mass index z-score (BMIz). Covariates included the child’s sex, primary caregiver’s marital status, education level, relationship to the child, and family income. Level-two variables included neighborhood poverty and school SES. CTableross-classified multilevel linear regression models were conducted to examine the unique associations of neighborhood poverty and school SES with individual student BMIz, and how they interact. Twenty-four percent of students were classified as overweight, and five percent were classified as obese. The models resulted in a significant association between school SES and BMIz (B = −0.13; SE = 0.06; p < 0.05) and between neighborhood poverty and BMIz (B = −1.41; SE = 0.49; p < 0.01). Individual students’ BMIz decreased as school SES increased and decreased as neighborhood poverty increased. Neighborhood poverty and school SES appear to play a role in the development of obesity in childhood, although in differing directions.
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148
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Odusanya AO, Reid KS, Amutah-Onukagha N, Robinson K, Kalu OU, Lawrence WR, Lin Z. Association between sociodemographic characteristics and age stopped breastfeeding on early childhood weight status. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:214-219. [PMID: 35550119 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidemiological studies have suggested that breastfeeding is associated with child weight status. However, the length of breastfeeding in relation to child weight remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the association between age stopped breastfeeding and child weight status by sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis utilized a nationally representative sample of 3248 U.S. children ages 2-6 years from 2009 to 2018, from parents interviewed as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Child body weight and height were measured during physical examination. Information on age stopped breastfeeding and other demographic characteristics were assessed using questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to examine the association between age stopped breastfeeding and child weight status, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Children breastfed for ≤ 11 months had an increased odds of being overweight and obese with the strongest association observed among those classified as obese (OR=2.12; 95%CI 1.23, 3.64) compared with children breastfed for > 11-24 months. The association between breastfeeding and child weight status was observed by racial/ethnic groups. Non-Hispanic white and Black children breastfed for ≤ 11 months had an associated increased likelihood of being overweight than their counterparts breastfed for > 11-24 months. Among Hispanic children, we observed elevated odds of being obese when breastfed for ≤ 11 months (OR=1.98; 95%CI 1.00, 3.91) than those breastfed for > 11-24 months. CONCLUSION Child weight status was associated with age stopped breastfeeding, where likelihood of being overweight and obese were greatest among children breastfed for ≤ 11 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne O Odusanya
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kaydian S Reid
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Saint Joseph, West Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Ndidiamaka Amutah-Onukagha
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ola U Kalu
- Department of Sociology, College of Arts & Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Wayne R Lawrence
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ziqiang Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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149
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Lares-Villaseñor E, Salazar-García S, Cossío-Torres PE, Aradillas-García C, Portales-Pérez DP, Vargas-Morales JM. Uricaemia and associated health determinants in a paediatric population in Mexico. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1308-1316. [PMID: 35282983 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Uric acid (UA) is a product of the catabolism of purines, and its increase in blood may be related to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Whether UA is the result or causal determinant of the appearance of risk factors for cardiometabolic disease is not yet known. UA levels among the young student population in San Luis Potosi have increased in recent years, which may be indicative of a serious future public health concern. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association of sociodemographic, lifestyle and cardiometabolic determinants with UA levels in children and adolescents in San Luis Potosí. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 730 students (54.1% female and 45.9% male, 6-19 years old) participated in the study. The subjects attended one of five public schools located in San Luis Potosí. Venous blood samples were collected, blood serum was separated by centrifugation, and UA concentrations were measured with an automated analytical platform. UA was associated with most of the independent variables studied. It presented a positive correlation with body mass index (r = 0.363, p < 0.01). Male sex, socioeconomic status, total screen time, exercise, adequate sleep, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol explained 23%-39% (p < 0.001) of the variability of plasma concentrations of UA in children and adolescents. CONCLUSION Early detection of these determinants will prevent future diseases. Moreover, it will help with the implementation of preventive strategies that could improve the health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lares-Villaseñor
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - S Salazar-García
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - P E Cossío-Torres
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - D P Portales-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - J M Vargas-Morales
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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150
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Costet N, Lafontaine A, Rouget F, Michineau L, Monfort C, Thomé JP, Kadhel P, Multigner L, Cordier S. Prenatal and childhood exposure to chlordecone and adiposity of seven-year-old children in the Timoun mother-child cohort study in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). Environ Health 2022; 21:42. [PMID: 35439992 PMCID: PMC9017008 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00850-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to persistent environmental organic pollutants may contribute to the development of obesity among children. Chlordecone is a persistent organochlorine insecticide with estrogenic properties that was used in the French West Indies (1973-1993) and is still present in the soil and the water and food consumed by the local population. We studied the association between prenatal and childhood exposure to chlordecone and the adiposity of prepubertal children. METHODS Within the Timoun Mother-Child Cohort Study in Guadeloupe (French West Indies), 575 children had a medical examination at seven years of age, including adiposity measurements. A Structural Equation Modeling approach was used to create a global adiposity score from four adiposity indicators: the BMI z-score, percentage of fat mass, sum of the tricipital and subscapular skinfold thickness, and waist-to-height ratio. Chlordecone concentrations were measured in cord blood at birth and in the children's blood at seven years of age. Models were adjusted for prenatal and postnatal covariates. Sensitivity analyses accounted for co-exposure to PCB-153 and pp'-DDE. Mediation analyses, including intermediate birth outcomes, were conducted. RESULTS Prenatal chlordecone exposure tended to be associated with increased adiposity at seven years of age, particularly in boys. However, statistical significance was only reached in the third quartile of exposure and neither linear nor non-linear trends could be formally identified. Consideration of preterm birth or birth weight in mediation analyses did not modify the results, as adjustment for PCB-153 and pp'-DDE co-exposures. CONCLUSION Globally, we found little evidence of an association between chlordecone exposure during the critical in utero or childhood periods of development and altered body-weight homeostasis in childhood. Nevertheless, some associations we observed at seven years of age, although non-significant, were consistent with those observed at earlier ages and would be worth investing during further follow-ups of children of the Timoun Mother-Child Cohort Study when they reach puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Costet
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Antoine Lafontaine
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Florence Rouget
- CHU de Rennes, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Léah Michineau
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, F-97100 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Christine Monfort
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Thomé
- LEAE-CART (Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale Et d’Ecotoxicologie-Centre de Recherche Analytique Et Technologique), Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Kadhel
- CHU de Guadeloupe, Univ Antilles, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-97100 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Sylvaine Cordier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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