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Vučetić M, Cormerais Y, Parks SK, Pouysségur J. The Central Role of Amino Acids in Cancer Redox Homeostasis: Vulnerability Points of the Cancer Redox Code. Front Oncol 2017; 7:319. [PMID: 29312889 PMCID: PMC5742588 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A fine balance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and removal is of utmost importance for homeostasis of all cells and especially in highly proliferating cells that encounter increased ROS production due to enhanced metabolism. Consequently, increased production of these highly reactive molecules requires coupling with increased antioxidant defense production within cells. This coupling is observed in cancer cells that allocate significant energy reserves to maintain their intracellular redox balance. Glutathione (GSH), as a first line of defense, represents the most important, non-enzymatic antioxidant component together with the NADPH/NADP+ couple, which ensures the maintenance of the pool of reduced GSH. In this review, the central role of amino acids (AAs) in the maintenance of redox homeostasis in cancer, through GSH synthesis (cysteine, glutamate, and glycine), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) production (serine, and glutamine/glutamate) are illustrated. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of AA transporters known to be upregulated in cancers (such as system xc-light chain and alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2) in the maintenance of AA homeostasis, and thus indirectly, the redox homeostasis of cancer cells. The role of the ROS varies (often described as a "two-edged sword") during the processes of carcinogenesis, metastasis, and cancer treatment. Therefore, the context-dependent role of specific AAs in the initiation, progression, and dissemination of cancer, as well as in the redox-dependent sensitivity/resistance of the neoplastic cells to chemotherapy are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Vučetić
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Yann Cormerais
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Scott K Parks
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco.,Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), CNRS, INSERM, Centre A. Lacassagne, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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102
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Wagner H, Cheng JW, Ko EY. Role of reactive oxygen species in male infertility: An updated review of literature. Arab J Urol 2017; 16:35-43. [PMID: 29713534 PMCID: PMC5922220 DOI: 10.1016/j.aju.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To review the literature and provide an updated summary on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in male infertility. Methods A review of PubMed, Cochrane review, and Web of Science databases for full-text English-language articles published between 1943 and 2017 was performed, focusing on the aetiology of ROS, physiological role of ROS on spermatic function, pathological role of ROS in infertility, evaluation of ROS, and role of antioxidants in oxidative stress. Results ROS play a role in spermatic function and fertilisation. The literature describes both a physiological and a pathological role of ROS in fertility. A delicate balance between ROS necessary for physiological activity and antioxidants to protect from cellular oxidative injury is essential for fertility. Conclusion Although elevated levels of ROS are implicated as a cause of infertility, there is no consensus on selecting patients to test for ROS, which test to perform, or if treatment for ROS can have a positive impact on infertility rates and pregnancy.
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Key Words
- 4-HNE, 4 hydroxy-nonenal
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- Antioxidants
- CAT, catalase
- ESR, electron spin resonance
- Free radicals
- G-6-PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GPX, glutathione peroxidase
- MAGI, male accessory gland infections
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- Male infertility
- NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NO, nitric oxide
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary Wagner
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Julie W Cheng
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Edmund Y Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Liu X, Fan Z, Zhang L, Jin Z, Yan D, Zhang Y, Li X, Tu L, Xue B, Chang Y, Zhang H, Kong X. Bcl-2 inhibitor uploaded upconversion nanophotosensitizers to overcome the photodynamic therapy resistance of cancer through adjuvant intervention strategy. Biomaterials 2017; 144:73-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Lima Pereira ÉP, Santos Souza C, Amparo J, Short Ferreira R, Nuñez-Figueredo Y, Gonzaga Fernandez L, Ribeiro PR, Braga-de-Souza S, Amaral da Silva VD, Lima Costa S. Amburana cearensis seed extract protects brain mitochondria from oxidative stress and cerebellar cells from excitotoxicity induced by glutamate. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 209:157-166. [PMID: 28712890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Amburana cearensis (Allemao) A.C.Sm. is a medicinal plant of the Brazilian Caatinga reported to present antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the extracts obtained from the seeds of A. cearensis in primary cultures of cerebellar cells subjected to excitotoxicity induced by glutamate and brain mitochondria submitted to oxidative stress. MATERIALS and methods: Primary cultures of cerebellar cells were treated with the ethanol (ETAC), hexane (EHAC), dichloromethane (EDAC) and ethyl acetate (EAAC) extracts of the seeds of A.cearensis and subjected to excitotoxicity induced by glutamate (10µM). Mitochondria isolated from rat brains were submitted to oxidative stress and treated with ETAC. RESULTS Only the EHAC extract reduced cell viability by 30% after 72h of treatment. Morphological analyses by Immunofluorescence showed positive staining for glutamine synthetase, β-III tubulin, GFAP and IBA1 similar to control cultures, indicating a better preservation of astrocytes, neurons and microglia, after excitotoxic damage induced by glutamate in cerebellar cultures treated with the extracts. The ETAC extract also protected mitochondria isolated from rat brains from oxidative stress, reducing the swelling, dissipation of the membrane potential, ROS production and calcium influx. CONCLUSION Thus, this study suggests that the seed extracts from A. Cearensis exhibit neuroprotective potential against oxidative stress and excitotoxicity induced by glutamate and can be considered a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érica Patrícia Lima Pereira
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Cleide Santos Souza
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jessika Amparo
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Rafael Short Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Yanier Nuñez-Figueredo
- Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Ave 26, No. 1605 Boyeros y Puentes Grandes, CP 10600 La Habana, Cuba
| | - Luzimar Gonzaga Fernandez
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Biotecnologia e Bioprodutos, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Biotecnologia e Bioprodutos, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Suzana Braga-de-Souza
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Victor Diogenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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105
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Jaradat N, AlMasri M, Zaid AN, Othman DG. Pharmacological and phytochemical screening of Palestinian traditional medicinal plants Erodium laciniatum and Lactuca orientalis. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 15:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2017-0059/jcim-2017-0059.xml. [PMID: 28865203 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2017-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various epidemiological studies showed that herbal remedies containing polyphenols may protect against various diseases such as cancers, vascular diseases and inflammatory pathologies. Currently, such groups of bioactive compounds have become a subject of many antimicrobials and antioxidant investigations. Accordingly, the current study aimed to conduct biological and phytochemical screening for two Palestinian traditional medicinal plants, Erodium laciniatum and Lactuca orientalis. METHODS Current plants phytoconstituents and their antioxidant activities were evaluated by using standard phytochemical methods; meanwhile, antimicrobial activities were estimated by using several types of American Type Culture Collection and multidrug resistant clinical isolates by using agar diffusion well-variant, agar diffusion disc-variant and broth microdilution methods. RESULTS Phytochemical screenings showed that L. orientalis and E. laciniatum contain mixtures of secondary and primary metabolites Moreover, total flavonoid, tannins and phenols content in E. laciniatum extract were higher than the L. orientalis extracts with almost the same antioxidant potentials. Additionally, both plants organic and aqueous extracts showed various potentials of antimicrobial activity Conclusions: Overall, the studied species have a mixture of phytochemicals, flavonoids, phenols and tannins also have antioxidant and antimicrobial activities which approved their folk uses in treatments of infectious and Alzheimer diseases and simultaneously can be used as therapeutic agents in the pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Motasem AlMasri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Abdel Naser Zaid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Dua'a Ghazi Othman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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106
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Approaches for extending human healthspan: from antioxidants to healthspan pharmacology. Essays Biochem 2017; 61:389-399. [PMID: 28698312 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20160091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dramatic increases in human lifespan and declining population growth are monumental achievements but these same achievements have also led to many societies today ageing at a faster rate than ever before. Extending healthy lifespan (healthspan) is a key translational challenge in this context. Disease-centric approaches to manage population ageing risk are adding years to life without adding health to these years. The growing consensus that ageing is driven by a limited number of interconnected processes suggests an alternative approach. Instead of viewing each age-dependent disease as the result of an independent chain of events, this approach recognizes that most age-dependent diseases depend on and are driven by a limited set of ageing processes. While the relative importance of each of these processes and the best intervention strategies targeting them are subjects of debate, there is increasing interest in providing preventative intervention options to healthy individuals even before overt age-dependent diseases manifest. Elevated oxidative damage is involved in the pathophysiology of most age-dependent diseases and markers of oxidative damage often increase with age in many organisms. However, correlation is not causation and, sadly, many intervention trials of supposed antioxidants have failed to extend healthspan and to prevent diseases. This does not, however, mean that reactive species (RS) and redox signalling are unimportant. Ultimately, the most effective antioxidants may not turn out to be the best geroprotective drugs, but effective geroprotective interventions might well turn out to also have excellent, if probably indirect, antioxidant efficacy.
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107
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Oxidative stress and brain morphology in individuals with depression, anxiety and healthy controls. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 76:140-144. [PMID: 28249819 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a biological process, caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, in favour of the ROS. This imbalance leads to oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA and ultimately cell death. Studies in rodents have shown that the brain, particularly the amygdala and hippocampus, is sensitive to oxidative stress, although studies on the association between oxidative stress and brain morphology in humans are lacking. Oxidative stress has also been associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and may be related to volumetric abnormalities in the amygdala and hippocampus in MDD and anxiety disorders. In this study we aimed to examine the association between two robust measures of oxidative damage in plasma (8-OHdG and F2-isoprostanes) and volume of the hippocampus and amygdala in a large sample of individuals with and without MDD and/or anxiety (N=297). In secondary analyses, we examine whether this association is similar in patients and controls. 8-OHdG and F2-isoprostanes plasma levels were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and volume of the hippocampus and amygdala and hippocampal subfields was determined using Freesurfer. We found no association between plasma markers (or interaction with MDD and/or anxiety disorder diagnosis) and subcortical volume, suggesting that peripheral oxidative stress damage is not associated with subcortical brain volume.
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108
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Valifard M, Mohsenzadeh S, Kholdebarin B. Salinity Effects on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Salvia macrosiphon. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-016-0022-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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109
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Oliveira CC, Ferreira D, Caetano C, Granja D, Pinto R, Mendes B, Sousa M. Nutrition and Supplementation in Soccer. Sports (Basel) 2017; 5:sports5020028. [PMID: 29910389 PMCID: PMC5968974 DOI: 10.3390/sports5020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary elite soccer features increased physical demands during match-play, as well as a larger number of matches per season. Now more than ever, aspects related to performance optimization are highly regarded by both players and soccer coaches. Here, nutrition takes a special role as most elite teams try to provide an adequate diet to guarantee maximum performance while ensuring a faster recovery from matches and training exertions. It is currently known that manipulation and periodization of macronutrients, as well as sound hydration practices, have the potential to interfere with training adaptation and recovery. A careful monitoring of micronutrient status is also relevant to prevent undue fatigue and immune impairment secondary to a deficiency status. Furthermore, the sensible use of evidence-based dietary supplements may also play a role in soccer performance optimization. In this sense, several nutritional recommendations have been issued. This detailed and comprehensive review addresses the most relevant and up-to-date nutritional recommendations for elite soccer players, covering from macro and micronutrients to hydration and selected supplements in different contexts (daily requirements, pre, peri and post training/match and competition).
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Affiliation(s)
- César Chaves Oliveira
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo - Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Viana do Castelo 4960-320, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Ferreira
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Caetano
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Diana Granja
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Pinto
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Bruno Mendes
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Mónica Sousa
- Instituto Politécnico de Leiria - Escola Superior de Saúde, Leiria 2411-901, Portugal.
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Doctor A, Zimmerman J, Agus M, Rajasekaran S, Wardenburg JB, Fortenberry J, Zajicek A, Typpo K. Pediatric Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: Promising Therapies. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2017; 18:S67-S82. [PMID: 28248836 PMCID: PMC5333132 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the state of the science, identify knowledge gaps, and offer potential future research questions regarding promising therapies for children with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome presented during the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Workshop on Pediatric Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (March 26-27, 2015). DATA SOURCES Literature review, research data, and expert opinion. STUDY SELECTION Not applicable. DATA EXTRACTION Moderated by an expert from the field, issues relevant to the association of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome with a variety of conditions were presented, discussed, and debated with a focus on identifying knowledge gaps and research priorities. DATA SYNTHESIS Summary of presentations and discussion supported and supplemented by relevant literature. CONCLUSIONS Among critically ill children, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome is relatively common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. For outcomes to improve, effective therapies aimed at preventing and treating this condition must be discovered and rigorously evaluated. In this article, a number of potential opportunities to enhance current care are highlighted including the need for a better understanding of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications, the effect of early and optimized nutrition, and the impact of effective glucose control in the setting of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Additionally, a handful of the promising therapies either currently being implemented or developed are described. These include extracorporeal therapies, anticytokine therapies, antitoxin treatments, antioxidant approaches, and multiple forms of exogenous steroids. For the field to advance, promising therapies and other therapies must be assessed in rigorous manner and implemented accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Doctor
- Departments of Pediatrics (Critical Care Medicine) and Biochemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis
| | - Jerry Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care Medicine), University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Michael Agus
- Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care Medicine), Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Surender Rajasekaran
- Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care Medicine), Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI
| | | | - James Fortenberry
- Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care Medicine), Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Anne Zajicek
- Obstetric and Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Branch, NICHD
| | - Katri Typpo
- Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care Medicine), University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ
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Dikshit R, Tallapragada P. Comparative study of Monascus sanguineus and its albino mutant based on molecular and chemical profiling. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2016.1269288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Dikshit
- Department of Microbiology, Centre of PG Studies, Jain University, Bangalore, India
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112
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Rahmani M, Golian A, Kermanshahi H, Reza Bassami M. Effects of curcumin or nanocurcumin on blood biochemical parameters, intestinal morphology and microbial population of broiler chickens reared under normal and cold stress conditions. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2017.1284077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Rahmani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Golian
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Kermanshahi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Bassami
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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113
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Agarwal A, Roychoudhury S, Bjugstad KB, Cho CL. Oxidation-reduction potential of semen: what is its role in the treatment of male infertility? Ther Adv Urol 2016; 8:302-318. [PMID: 27695529 PMCID: PMC5004233 DOI: 10.1177/1756287216652779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of male infertility relies largely on conventional semen analysis, and its interpretation has a profound influence on subsequent management of patients. Despite poor correlation between conventional semen parameters and male fertility potential, inclusion of advanced semen quality tests to routine male infertility workup algorithms has not been widely accepted. Oxidative stress is one of the major mediators in various etiologies of male infertility; it has deleterious effects on spermatozoa, including DNA damage. Alleviation of oxidative stress constitutes a potential treatment strategy for male infertility. Measurement of seminal oxidative stress is of crucial role in the identification and monitoring of patients who may benefit from treatments. Various tests including reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay or malondialdehyde (MDA) assay used by different laboratories have their own drawbacks. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) is a measure of overall balance between oxidants and antioxidants, providing a comprehensive measure of oxidative stress. The MiOXSYS™ System is a novel technology based on a galvanostatic measure of electrons; it presents static ORP (sORP) measures with static referring to the passive or current state of activity between oxidants and antioxidants. Preliminary studies have correlated sORP to poor semen qualities. It is potentially useful in prognostication of assisted reproductive techniques outcomes, screening of antioxidants either in vivo or during IVF cycles, identification of infertile men who may benefit from treatment of oxidative stress, and monitoring of treatment success. The simplified laboratory test requiring a small amount of semen would facilitate clinical application and research in the field. In this paper, we discuss the measurement of ORP by the MiOXSYS System as a real-time assessment of seminal oxidative stress, and argue that it is a potential valuable clinical test that should be incorporated into the male infertility workup and become an important guide to the treatment of oxidative stress-induced male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- Director, Andrology Center and American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Desk X11, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Shubhadeep Roychoudhury
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | | | - Chak-Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
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ARAÚJO ÉDS, GARCIA RS, DAMBRÓS B, PIENIZ S, SCHNEIDER A, ABIB RT. Impacto da suplementação de vitamina C sobre níveis de peroxidação lipídica e glutationa reduzida em tecido hepático de camundongos com imunossupressão induzida por ciclofosfamida. REV NUTR 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652016000400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos da vitamina C sobre níveis de peroxidação lipídica e glutationa reduzida em tecido hepático de camundongos imunossuprimidos por ciclofosfamida. Métodos: O estudo foi realizado em camundongos Swiss, fêmeas, com 45 dias de idade, separados em quatro grupos com oito animais cada. Grupos: controle (água destilada), vitamina C (50 mg/kg), ciclofosfamida (100 + 150 mg/kg) e tratamento (vitamina C 50 mg/kg + ciclofosfamida 100 +150 mg/kg). Todas as aplicações foram via intraperitoneal. O ensaio biológico teve duração de seis dias, sendo o sétimo a eutanásia dos animais. As análises bioquímicas de peroxidação lipídica (quantificação de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico) e glutationa reduzida (estimativa de tiois não proteicos) foram realizadas em tecido hepático. Resultados: A ciclofosfamida causou aumento significativo (p<0,0001) nos níveis de peroxidação lipídica. Não foram observadas alterações significativas nos grupos tratados com vitamina C. A ciclofosfamida por si só, não alterou níveis de glutationa reduzida. A vitamina C causou a redução do nível de glutationa reduzida em relação ao controle tanto nos animais que receberam ciclofosfamida quanto nos que não receberam. No entanto, nos grupos tratados com o quimioterápico houve uma interação entre a droga e a vitamina, ou seja, o quimioterápico intensificou a diminuição da glutationa reduzida provocada pela vitamina C. Conclusão: A ciclofosfamida, na dose e período utilizados, foi capaz de induzir o dano oxidativo verificado pelo aumento da peroxidação lipídica. A vitamina C, na dose de 50 mg/kg de peso, não apresentou potencial para proteger contra o dano oxidativo provocado pelo quimioterápico.
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115
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Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Naqvi AA, Cos P, Maes L, Apers S, Hermans N, Pieters L. Anti-infective, cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of Ziziphus oxyphylla and Cedrela serrata. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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116
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Richter K, Kietzmann T. Reactive oxygen species and fibrosis: further evidence of a significant liaison. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:591-605. [PMID: 27345301 PMCID: PMC5010605 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-related diseases such as obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic kidney disease and cardiomyopathy are frequently associated with fibrosis. Work within the last decade has improved our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to fibrosis development. In particular, oxidative stress and the antioxidant system appear to be crucial modulators of processes such as transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signalling, metabolic homeostasis and chronic low-grade inflammation, all of which play important roles in fibrosis development and persistence. In the current review, we discuss the connections between reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes and TGF-β1 signalling, together with functional consequences, reflecting a concept of redox-fibrosis that can be targeted in future therapies. ᅟ ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kati Richter
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7A, FI-90230, Oulu, Finland
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7A, FI-90230, Oulu, Finland.
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Physiological changes due to hepatotoxicity and the protective role of some medicinal plants. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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118
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Thorne N, Malik N, Shah S, Zhao J, Class B, Aguisanda F, Southall N, Xia M, McKew JC, Rao M, Zheng W. High-Throughput Phenotypic Screening of Human Astrocytes to Identify Compounds That Protect Against Oxidative Stress. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:613-27. [PMID: 27034412 PMCID: PMC4835244 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Astrocytes are the predominant cell type in the nervous system and play a significant role in maintaining neuronal health and homeostasis. Recently, astrocyte dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Astrocytes are thus an attractive new target for drug discovery for neurological disorders. Using astrocytes differentiated from human embryonic stem cells, we have developed an assay to identify compounds that protect against oxidative stress, a condition associated with many neurodegenerative diseases. This phenotypic oxidative stress assay has been optimized for high-throughput screening in a 1,536-well plate format. From a screen of approximately 4,100 bioactive tool compounds and approved drugs, we identified a set of 22 that acutely protect human astrocytes from the consequences of hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Nine of these compounds were also found to be protective of induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated astrocytes in a related assay. These compounds are thought to confer protection through hormesis, activating stress-response pathways and preconditioning astrocytes to handle subsequent exposure to hydrogen peroxide. In fact, four of these compounds were found to activate the antioxidant response element/nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 pathway, a protective pathway induced by toxic insults. Our results demonstrate the relevancy and utility of using astrocytes differentiated from human stem cells as a disease model for drug discovery and development. SIGNIFICANCE Astrocytes play a key role in neurological diseases. Drug discovery efforts that target astrocytes can identify novel therapeutics. Human astrocytes are difficult to obtain and thus are challenging to use for high-throughput screening, which requires large numbers of cells. Using human embryonic stem cell-derived astrocytes and an optimized astrocyte differentiation protocol, it was possible to screen approximately 4,100 compounds in titration to identify 22 that are cytoprotective of astrocytes. This study is the largest-scale high-throughput screen conducted using human astrocytes, with a total of 17,536 data points collected in the primary screen. The results demonstrate the relevancy and utility of using astrocytes differentiated from human stem cells as a disease model for drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Thorne
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nasir Malik
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sonia Shah
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jean Zhao
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bradley Class
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Francis Aguisanda
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Noel Southall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John C McKew
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mahendra Rao
- NIH Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Kumar A, Dailey LA, Swedrowska M, Siow R, Mann GE, Vizcay-Barrena G, Arno M, Mudway IS, Forbes B. Quantifying the magnitude of the oxygen artefact inherent in culturing airway cells under atmospheric oxygen versus physiological levels. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:258-69. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science; King's College London; UK
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science; King's College London; UK
| | | | - Richard Siow
- Cardiovascular Division; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence; King's College London; UK
| | - Giovanni E. Mann
- Cardiovascular Division; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence; King's College London; UK
| | | | | | - Ian S. Mudway
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health; King's College London; UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit on Environmental Hazards at King's College London in Partnership with Public Health England; London UK
| | - Ben Forbes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science; King's College London; UK
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120
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Does the Interdependence between Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Explain the Antioxidant Paradox? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5698931. [PMID: 26881031 PMCID: PMC4736408 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5698931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 639] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in many chronic diseases. However, antioxidant trials are so far largely unsuccessful as a preventive or curative measure. Chronic low-grade inflammatory process, on the other hand, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation are closely related pathophysiological processes, one of which can be easily induced by another. Thus, both processes are simultaneously found in many pathological conditions. Therefore, the failure of antioxidant trials might result from failure to select appropriate agents that specifically target both inflammation and oxidative stress or failure to use both antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents simultaneously or use of nonselective agents that block some of the oxidative and/or inflammatory pathways but exaggerate the others. To examine whether the interdependence between oxidative stress and inflammation can explain the antioxidant paradox we discussed in the present review the basic aspects of oxidative stress and inflammation and their relationship and dependence.
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An Open-Label Randomized Crossover Trial of Lyophilized Black Raspberries on Postprandial Inflammation in Older Overweight Males. Am J Ther 2016; 23:e86-91. [DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0b013e3182a40bf8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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122
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Vivarelli F, Canistro D, Franchi P, Sapone A, Vornoli A, Della Croce C, Longo V, Lucarini M, Paolini M. Disruption of redox homeostasis and carcinogen metabolizing enzymes changes by administration of vitamin E to rats. Life Sci 2015; 145:166-73. [PMID: 26702769 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A large meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials has seriously questioned chemoprevention based on vitamins including vitamin E (VE), and an increased risk for cancer among long-term users was actually seen. However, the mechanism underlying these findings still remain unknown. To clarify the mechanism, in an in vivo model we studied the putative disruption of redox homeostasis and the perturbation of carcinogen metabolizing enzymes determined by VE. MAIN METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated ip with either 100 or 200mg/kg b.w. daily for 7 or 14 consecutive days. Controls received vehicle only. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) content, CYP-reductase, CYP-linked monooxygenases, as well as phase-II and the antioxidant enzymes catalase and NAD(P)H quinone reductase were investigated in both liver and kidney. Free radical species in tissue subcellular preparations were measured by electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy coupled to a radical probe technique. KEY FINDINGS No substantial changes of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism enzymes were determined by VE. Conversely, a powerful booster effect of various renal phase-I carcinogen bioactivating enzymes at both dosages and observational times was recorded. While no relevant changes of post-oxidative phase-II reactions were found in the liver, a significant inactivating effect was caused by VE in renal tissues. Antioxidant enzymes were found mainly downregulated by the treatment. In the kidney, a marked free radical over-generation linked to CYP induction was observed. SIGNIFICANCE This study proved that VE acts as a co-carcinogen and pro-oxidant agent. Such epigenetic mechanisms may contribute to explain the harmful outcomes observed in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Vivarelli
- Molecular and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma-Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Donatella Canistro
- Molecular and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma-Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Paola Franchi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Alma-Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Sapone
- Molecular and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma-Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Vornoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Clara Della Croce
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Longo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Lucarini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Alma-Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Moreno Paolini
- Molecular and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma-Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Yu B, Changsheng Y, Wenjun Z, Ben L, Hai Q, Jing M, Guangwei X, Shuhua W, Fang L, Aschner M, Rongzhu L. Differential protection of pre- versus post-treatment with curcumin, Trolox, and N -acetylcysteine against acrylonitrile-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes. Neurotoxicology 2015; 51:58-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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124
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Sotoudeh Anvari M, Mortazavian Babaki M, Boroumand MA, Eslami B, Jalali A, Goodarzynejad H. Relationship between calculated total antioxidant status and atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Anatol J Cardiol 2015; 16:689-95. [PMID: 27488746 PMCID: PMC5331354 DOI: 10.5152/anatoljcardiol.2015.6482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Antioxidants play a major role in the cellular protection cascade against oxidative damage. Oxidative stress has been linked to the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis. Our aim was to evaluate the association between calculated serum total antioxidant status (cTAS) and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: One hundred and seventy-four patients with angiographically documented significant (≥50%) luminal stenosis (n=123) or with minimal (<50%) luminal stenosis (n=51) in at least one coronary artery or major branch segment in the epicardial coronary tree were categorized as CAD+ group; 88 patients with no luminal stenosis were considered as the control group. The level of cTAS (mmol/L) was evaluated using the following equation: (0.63´albumin concentration)+(1.02´uric acid concentration)+(1.53´bilirubin concentration). Results: In univariate analyses, mean levels of cTAS, uric acid, and creatinine were significantly higher in CAD+ group than in controls. However, adjusted cTAS level was not found to be a CAD predictor in the total population [odds ratio (OR)=1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81–1.76; p=0.364] or in men (OR=1.25; 95% CI: 0.73–2.12; p=0.420) and women (OR=1.20; 95% CI: 0.66–2.19; p=0.553). A weak but statistically significant correlation was found between cTAS and Gensini score (Spearman’s r=0.16, p=0.015). Conclusion: In patients with suspicious CAD, the level of cTAS was not found to be an independent predictor for the presence of CAD. Further studies with larger sample size are required to confirm the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sotoudeh Anvari
- Department of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran-Iran
| | - Maryam Mortazavian Babaki
- Department of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran-Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Boroumand
- Department of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran-Iran
| | - Bahareh Eslami
- Department of Cardiac Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran-Iran
| | - Arash Jalali
- Department of Cardiac Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran-Iran
| | - Hamidreza Goodarzynejad
- Department of Cardiac Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran-Iran. ,
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125
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Görlach A, Dimova EY, Petry A, Martínez-Ruiz A, Hernansanz-Agustín P, Rolo AP, Palmeira CM, Kietzmann T. Reactive oxygen species, nutrition, hypoxia and diseases: Problems solved? Redox Biol 2015; 6:372-385. [PMID: 26339717 PMCID: PMC4565025 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the last twenty years the view on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has changed; they are no longer only considered to be harmful but also necessary for cellular communication and homeostasis in different organisms ranging from bacteria to mammals. In the latter, ROS were shown to modulate diverse physiological processes including the regulation of growth factor signaling, the hypoxic response, inflammation and the immune response. During the last 60–100 years the life style, at least in the Western world, has changed enormously. This became obvious with an increase in caloric intake, decreased energy expenditure as well as the appearance of alcoholism and smoking; These changes were shown to contribute to generation of ROS which are, at least in part, associated with the occurrence of several chronic diseases like adiposity, atherosclerosis, type II diabetes, and cancer. In this review we discuss aspects and problems on the role of intracellular ROS formation and nutrition with the link to diseases and their problematic therapeutical issues. Oxidative stress is linked to overnutrition, obesity and associated diseases or cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucially involved in modulation of signaling cascades. NOX proteins and hypoxia contribute to formation of ROS under different nutrient regimes. ROS are powerful post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulators. Treatment of obesity with antioxidants requires more, larger, and better monitored clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Görlach
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Andreas Petry
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonio Martínez-Ruiz
- Servicio de Immunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Hernansanz-Agustín
- Servicio de Immunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabela P Rolo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos M Palmeira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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127
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Helmerhorst HJF, Schultz MJ, van der Voort PHJ, de Jonge E, van Westerloo DJ. Bench-to-bedside review: the effects of hyperoxia during critical illness. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2015; 19:284. [PMID: 26278383 PMCID: PMC4538738 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-0996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen administration is uniformly used in emergency and intensive care medicine and has life-saving potential in critical conditions. However, excessive oxygenation also has deleterious properties in various pathophysiological processes and consequently both clinical and translational studies investigating hyperoxia during critical illness have gained increasing interest. Reactive oxygen species are notorious by-products of hyperoxia and play a pivotal role in cell signaling pathways. The effects are diverse, but when the homeostatic balance is disturbed, reactive oxygen species typically conserve a vicious cycle of tissue injury, characterized by cell damage, cell death, and inflammation. The most prominent symptoms in the abundantly exposed lungs include tracheobronchitis, pulmonary edema, and respiratory failure. In addition, absorptive atelectasis results as a physiological phenomenon with increasing levels of inspiratory oxygen. Hyperoxia-induced vasoconstriction can be beneficial during vasodilatory shock, but hemodynamic changes may also impose risk when organ perfusion is impaired. In this context, oxygen may be recognized as a multifaceted agent, a modifiable risk factor, and a feasible target for intervention. Although most clinical outcomes are still under extensive investigation, careful titration of oxygen supply is warranted in order to secure adequate tissue oxygenation while preventing hyperoxic harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik J F Helmerhorst
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands. .,Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Marcus J Schultz
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H J van der Voort
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Oosterpark 9, Amsterdam, 1091 AZ, The Netherlands.,TIAS School for Business and Society, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, Tilburg, 5000 LE, The Netherlands
| | - Evert de Jonge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - David J van Westerloo
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
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Chu KO, Chan KP, Yang YP, Qin YJ, Li WY, Chan SO, Wang CC, Pang CP. Effects of EGCG content in green tea extract on pharmacokinetics, oxidative status and expression of inflammatory and apoptotic genes in the rat ocular tissues. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1357-67. [PMID: 26362107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Green tea extract (GTE) exerts antioxidative activities in ocular tissues of rats, but high levels of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can induce oxidative stress. In this study, pharmacokinetics, diurnal variation of oxidative status, antioxidation and transcription factors changes in ocular tissues of rats were investigated. Rats were fed intragastrically with GTE and catechin mixtures containing different amounts of EGCG. Plasma and various ocular tissues were taken for pharmacokinetic analysis, oxidation marker testings and gene expression assays. Effects of EGCG on ocular oxidation status were assessed by 8-isoprostane level and reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio. Oxidation, inflammation and apoptosis regulations in retina were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Epicatechin, epigallocatechin and EGCG were dominant in various ocular tissues except vitreous humor, where gallocatechin was predominant. Diurnal variation of oxidative status was found in some compartments. GTE caused oxidative stress increase in the plasma, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, cornea and retina but decrease in the lens and choroid-sclera. Catechins mixture containing half dose of EGCG lowered 8-isoprostane in the retina and lens. GTE treatment induced superoxide dismutase 1 and glutathione peroxidase-3 expressions but suppressed catalase in the retina. Our results reveal pro-oxidation of GTE with high EGCG content to the ocular tissues. Optimal EGCG level is needed for protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai On Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Ping Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Ya Ping Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Yong Jie Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Wai Ying Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Sun On Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
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Lu Q, Harris VA, Rafikov R, Sun X, Kumar S, Black SM. Nitric oxide induces hypoxia ischemic injury in the neonatal brain via the disruption of neuronal iron metabolism. Redox Biol 2015. [PMID: 26209813 PMCID: PMC4804102 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation is involved in hypoxia–ischemia (HI)-mediated neonatal brain injury. H2O2 can react with free iron to form the hydroxyl radical, through Fenton Chemistry. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine if there was a role for the hydroxyl radical in neonatal HI brain injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Our data demonstrate that HI increases the deposition of free iron and hydroxyl radical formation, in both P7 hippocampal slice cultures exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD), and the neonatal rat exposed to HI. Both these processes were found to be nitric oxide (NO) dependent. Further analysis demonstrated that the NO-dependent increase in iron deposition was mediated through increased transferrin receptor expression and a decrease in ferritin expression. This was correlated with a reduction in aconitase activity. Both NO inhibition and iron scavenging, using deferoxamine administration, reduced hydroxyl radical levels and neuronal cell death. In conclusion, our results suggest that increased NO generation leads to neuronal cell death during neonatal HI, at least in part, by altering iron homeostasis and hydroxyl radical generation. HI increases the deposition of free iron and hydroxyl radical formation in the neonatal brain. Both these processes are NO dependent. Increased iron deposition is mediated via increased TfR and decreased ferritin expression. These processes are involved in the neuronal cell death associated with neonatal HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Valerie A Harris
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ruslan Rafikov
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Xutong Sun
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Stephen M Black
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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Markers of Oxidative Stress and Neuroprogression in Depression Disorder. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:898393. [PMID: 26078821 PMCID: PMC4453280 DOI: 10.1155/2015/898393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Major depression is multifactorial disorder with high prevalence and alarming prognostic in the nearest 15 years. Several mechanisms of depression are known. Neurotransmitters imbalance and imbalance between neuroprogressive and neuroprotective factors are observed in major depression. Depression is accompanied by inflammatory responses of the organism and consequent elevation of proinflammatory cytokines and increased lipid peroxidation are described in literature. Neuropsychiatric disorders including major depression are also associated with telomerase shortening, oxidative changes in nucleotides, and polymorphisms in several genes connected to metabolism of reactive oxygen species. Mitochondrion dysfunction is directly associated with increasing levels of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays significant role in pathophysiology of major depression via actions of free radicals, nonradical molecules, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Products of oxidative stress represent important parameters for measuring and predicting of depression status as well as for determining effectiveness of administrated antidepressants. Positive effect of micronutrients, vitamins, and antioxidants in depression treatment is also reviewed.
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Wisutiamonkul A, Promdang S, Ketsa S, van Doorn WG. Carotenoids in durian fruit pulp during growth and postharvest ripening. Food Chem 2015; 180:301-305. [PMID: 25766832 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Durian (Durio zibethinus) cvs. Chanee and Monthong fruit were severed from the tree during 14 day intervals, from 10 weeks after anthesis until commercial maturity. We determined the pulp (i.e. aril; fruit flesh) carotenoid composition, together with pulp firmness, color and total soluble solids (TSS) and postharvest quality. In ripe cv. Chanee fruit the main carotenoids were β-carotene (about 80%), and α-carotene (20%), with minor levels of lutein and zeaxanthin. In ripe fruit total carotenoid concentration (expressed per gram FW) was about 9-fold higher in cv. Chanee than in cv. Monthong. Large differences between the cultivars were also found in β-carotene levels (about 11 times more in cv. Chanee), and even larger ones in those of α-carotene. Differences in lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations were small. Pulp color was deeper yellow in cv. Chanee than in cv. Monthong, which was correlated with α-carotene and β-carotene concentrations. Durian contains a high fat percentage, which is conducive to carotenoid uptake. It is concluded that it is advisable to consume cv. Chanee rather than cv. Monthong if intake of carotenoids is considered important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apinya Wisutiamonkul
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Somnuk Promdang
- Central Laboratory and Greenhouse Complex, Faculty of Agriculture Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Saichol Ketsa
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Academy of Science, The Royal Institute, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
| | - Wouter G van Doorn
- Mann Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis 95616, CA, USA
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Dadkhah A, Fatemi F, Alipour M, Ghaderi Z, Zolfaghari F, Razdan F. Protective effects of Iranian Achillea wilhelmsii essential oil on acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:220-227. [PMID: 25243867 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.913298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch (Asteraceae) is widely used in Iranian traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE This in vivo study evaluates the hepatoprotective role of Iranian A. wilhelmsii oils against acetaminophen-induced oxidative damages in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were divided into five groups: in negative control and control groups, the DMSO and 500 mg/kg acetaminophen were i.p. injected, respectively. In treatment groups, 100 and 200 mg/kg oils and 10 mg/kg BHT were given i.p. immediately after acetaminophen administration. Then, the hepatic oxidative/antioxidant parameters such as lipid peroxidation (LP), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were measured in time intervals (2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h) after administrations confirmed by histophatological consideration at 24 h. RESULTS The results indicated that acetaminophen caused a significant elevation in SOD activity (8-24 h) and LP and FRAP levels (4 h) paralleled with significant decline in GSH level (4 and 8 h). The apparent oxidative injury was associated with evident hepatic necrosis confirmed in histological examination. The presences of A. wilhelmsii oils (100 and 200 mg/kg) with acetaminophen mitigated significantly the rise in SOD, LP, and FRAP levels and restored the GSH compared with the group treated with acetaminophen. These were confirmed by histological examination indicating the hepatic necrosis reversal by the oils. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION It can be concluded that concomitant administration of A. wilhelmsii oils with acetaminophen may be useful in reversing the drug hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dadkhah
- Faculty of Medicine, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University , Qom , Iran
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Ameliorative effect of parsley oil (Petroselinum crispum) against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/01.mjx.0000457175.74392.0b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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134
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Bollati V, Favero C, Albetti B, Tarantini L, Moroni A, Byun HM, Motta V, Conti DM, Tirelli AS, Vigna L, Bertazzi PA, Pesatori AC. Nutrients intake is associated with DNA methylation of candidate inflammatory genes in a population of obese subjects. Nutrients 2014; 6:4625-39. [PMID: 25340371 PMCID: PMC4210937 DOI: 10.3390/nu6104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential association between dietary nutrients and alterations in DNA methylation in a set of five candidate genes, including CD14, Et-1, iNOS, HERV-w and TNFα, in a population of overweight/obese subjects. We evaluated possible associations between gene methylation and clinical blood parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C), triglyceride and homocysteine levels. We employed validated methods to assess anthropometric, clinical and dietary data, as well as pyrosequencing to evaluate DNA methylation of the five candidate genes in 165 overweight/obese subjects. There was no association between body mass index and DNA methylation of the five candidate genes in this group of subjects. Positive associations were observed between TNFα methylation and blood levels of LDL-C (β = 0.447, p = 0.002), TC/HDL-C (β = 0.467, p = 0.001) and LDL-C/HDL-C (β = 0.445, p = 0.002), as well as between HERV-w methylation and dietary intakes of β-carotene (β = 0.088, p = 0.051) and carotenoids (β = 0.083, p = 0.029). TNFα methylation showed negative associations with dietary intakes of cholesterol (β = −0.278, p = 0.048), folic acid (β = −0.339, p = 0.012), β-carotene (β = −0.332, p = 0.045), carotenoids (β = −0.331, p = 0.015) and retinol (β = −0.360, p = 0.008). These results suggest a complex relationship among nutrient intake, oxidative stress and DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bollati
- Center of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Chiara Favero
- Center of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Benedetta Albetti
- Center of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Letizia Tarantini
- Center of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Alice Moroni
- Center of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Hyang-Min Byun
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Exposure Epidemiology and Risk Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Valeria Motta
- Center of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Diana Misaela Conti
- Worker's Health Protection and Promotion Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Amedea Silvia Tirelli
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry & Microbiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Luisella Vigna
- Worker's Health Protection and Promotion Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Pier Alberto Bertazzi
- Center of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Angela Cecilia Pesatori
- Center of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy.
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135
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Chen H, Gu Z. Effect of ascorbic acid on the properties of ammonia caramel colorant additives and acrylamide formation. J Food Sci 2014; 79:C1678-82. [PMID: 25204396 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia caramels are among the most widely used colorant additives in the food industry. They are commonly prepared through the Maillard reaction and caramelization of mixtures of reducing sugars with ammonia or ammonium salts. Antioxidants are known to inhibit acrylamide formation during the Maillard reaction, and they may affect the properties of the ammonia caramel products. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the antioxidant ascorbic acid on the properties of ammonia caramel. A mixture of glucose and ammonia was allowed to react at 120 °C for 60 min in the presence of ascorbic acid at final concentrations of 0 to 0.08 M. The ammonia caramels obtained from these reactions were all positively charged. As the concentration of ascorbic acid increased, the color intensity of the ammonia caramel showed a decreasing trend, while the intensity of the fluorescence and total amount of pyrazines in the volatiles showed a tendency to increase. The addition of ascorbic acid did not result in obvious changes in the UV-visible spectra of the ammonia caramels and the types of pyrazines in the volatiles were also unchanged. It is noteworthy that the addition of 0.02 to 0.08 M ascorbic acid did reduce the formation of the by-product acrylamide, a harmful substance in food. When the concentration of ascorbic acid added reached 0.04 M, the content of acrylamide in the ammonia caramel was 20.53 μg/L, which was approximately 44% lower than that without ascorbic acid. As a result, ascorbic acid can be considered to improve the quality and safety of ammonia caramels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ, Wuxi 214122, China; Yancheng Inst. of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
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136
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Assies J, Mocking RJT, Lok A, Ruhé HG, Pouwer F, Schene AH. Effects of oxidative stress on fatty acid- and one-carbon-metabolism in psychiatric and cardiovascular disease comorbidity. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2014; 130:163-80. [PMID: 24649967 PMCID: PMC4171779 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in severe psychiatric disorders (depression, schizophrenia). Here, we provide evidence of how the effects of oxidative stress on fatty acid (FA) and one-carbon (1-C) cycle metabolism, which may initially represent adaptive responses, might underlie comorbidity between CVD and psychiatric disorders. METHOD We conducted a literature search and integrated data in a narrative review. RESULTS Oxidative stress, mainly generated in mitochondria, is implicated in both psychiatric and cardiovascular pathophysiology. Oxidative stress affects the intrinsically linked FA and 1-C cycle metabolism: FAs decrease in chain length and unsaturation (particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated FAs), and lipid peroxidation products increase; the 1-C cycle shifts from the methylation to transsulfuration pathway (lower folate and higher homocysteine and antioxidant glutathione). Interestingly, corresponding alterations were reported in psychiatric disorders and CVD. Potential mechanisms through which FA and 1-C cycle metabolism may be involved in brain (neurocognition, mood regulation) and cardiovascular system functioning (inflammation, thrombosis) include membrane peroxidizability and fluidity, eicosanoid synthesis, neuroprotection and epigenetics. CONCLUSION While oxidative-stress-induced alterations in FA and 1-C metabolism may initially enhance oxidative stress resistance, persisting chronically, they may cause damage possibly underlying (co-occurrence of) psychiatric disorders and CVD. This might have implications for research into diagnosis and (preventive) treatment of (CVD in) psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Assies
- Program for Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam
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137
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Ameliorative effect of pumpkin oil (Cucurbita pepo L.) against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in albino rats. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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138
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Kumar J, Dhar P, Tayade AB, Gupta D, Chaurasia OP, Upreti DK, Arora R, Srivastava RB. Antioxidant capacities, phenolic profile and cytotoxic effects of saxicolous lichens from trans-Himalayan cold desert of Ladakh. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98696. [PMID: 24937759 PMCID: PMC4061001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourteen saxicolous lichens from trans-Himalayan Ladakh region were identified by morpho-anatomical and chemical characteristics. The n-hexane, methanol and water extracts of the lichens were evaluated for their antioxidant capacities. The lichen extracts showing high antioxidant capacities and rich phenolic content were further investigated to determine their cytotoxic activity on human HepG2 and RKO carcinoma cell lines. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging capacities and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching property exhibited analogous results where the lichen extracts showed high antioxidant action. The lichen extracts were also found to possess good amount of total proanthocyanidin, flavonoid and polyphenol. The methanolic extract of Lobothallia alphoplaca exhibited highest FRAP value. Methanolic extract of Xanthoparmelia stenophylla showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging capacity. The n-hexane extract of Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca exhibited highest DPPH radical scavenging capacity. Highest antioxidant capacity in terms of β-carotene linoleic acid bleaching property was observed in the water extract of Xanthoria elegans. Similarly, Melanelia disjuncta water extract showed highest NO scavenging capacity. Among n-hexane, methanol and water extracts of all lichens, the methanolic extract of Xanthoparmelia mexicana showed highest total proanthocyanidin, flavonoid and polyphenol content. From cytotoxic assay, it was observed that the methanolic extracts of L. alphoplaca and M. disjuncta were exhibiting high cytotoxic effects against cancer cell growth. Similarly, the water extract of Dermatocarpon vellereum, Umbilicaria vellea, X. elegans and M. disjuncta and the methanolic extract of M. disjuncta and X. stenophylla were found to possess high antioxidant capacities and were non-toxic and may be used as natural antioxidants for stress related problems. Our studies go on to prove that the unique trans-Himalayan lichens are a hitherto untapped bioresource with immense potential for discovery of new chemical entities, and this biodiversity needs to be tapped sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Kumar
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Priyanka Dhar
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Amol B. Tayade
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Damodar Gupta
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Laboratory, Radiation Biotechnology Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Delhi, India
| | - Om P. Chaurasia
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Dalip K. Upreti
- Lichenology Laboratory, Plant Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Division, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Arora
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Laboratory, Radiation Biotechnology Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Delhi, India
- Office of the Director General-Life Sciences, DRDO Bhawan, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi B. Srivastava
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, India
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139
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Effect of dietary n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on oxidant/antioxidant status in macrosomic offspring of diabetic rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:368107. [PMID: 24987679 PMCID: PMC4060321 DOI: 10.1155/2014/368107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the effect of dietary n − 3 PUFA on oxidant/antioxidant status, in vitro very low and low density lipoprotein (VLDL-LDL), and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition in macrosomic pups of diabetic mothers. We hypothesized that n − 3 PUFA would improve oxidative stress in macrosomia. Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats fed with the ISIO diet (control) or with the EPAX diet (enriched in n − 3 PUFAs), by streptozotocin. The macrosomic pups were killed at birth (day 0) and at adulthood (day 90). Lipid parameters and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition were investigated. The oxidant/antioxidant status was determined by measuring plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, and VLDL-LDL oxidation. Macrosomic rats of ISIO fed diabetic mothers showed an increase in plasma and VLDL-LDL-triglycerides and VLDL-LDL-cholesterol levels and altered VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition. Plasma ORAC was low with high hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels. The in vitro oxidizability of VLDL-LDL was enhanced in these macrosomic rats. The EPAX diet corrected lipid parameters and improved oxidant/antioxidant status but increased VLDL-LDL susceptibility to oxidation. Macrosomia is associated with lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress. n − 3 PUFA exerts favorable effects on lipid metabolism and on the oxidant/antioxidant status of macrosomic rats. However, there are no evident effects on VLDL-LDL oxidation.
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140
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Triolein and trilinolein ameliorate oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells. Lipids 2014; 49:495-504. [PMID: 24604600 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-014-3889-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein by endothelial cells is a critical step for the initiation of atherosclerosis. Triacylglycerol uptake in these cells is understood to be a part of the process. The present investigation, comparison among the effects of simple acylglycerol, including tristearin, triolein, and trilinolein, upon oxidized low-density lipoprotein -induced oxidative stress was undertaken. Results indicated that trilinolein (78 % ± 0.02) and triolein (90 % ± 0.01) increased cell viability of endothelial cells exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein, whereas tristearin decreased the cell viability (55 % ± 0.03) (P < 0.05). Oxidized low-density lipoprotein treatment significantly increased apoptosis (23 %), compared to cells simultaneously exposed to trilinolein (19 %) or triolein (16 %), where apoptosis was reduced (P < 0.05). On the other hand, exposure to tristearin further increased oxidized low-density lipoprotein -induced cell apoptosis (34 %). Treatment with trilinolein or triolein on oxidized low-density lipoprotein -stimulated endothelial cells inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin mRNA. Moreover, both trilinolein and triolein demonstrated a strong antioxidant response to oxidative stress caused by oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Taken together, the results indicate trilinolein and triolein possess anti-inflammatory properties, which are mediated via the antioxidant defense system.
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141
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Chien CY, Chien CT, Wang SS. Progressive thermopreconditioning attenuates rat cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by mitochondria-mediated antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanisms. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 148:705-13. [PMID: 24507988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Progressive thermal preconditioning (PTP) provides vascular protection with less hemodynamic fluctuations, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and oxidative stress compared with whole body hyperthermia. We suggest PTP might efficiently diminish cardiac ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis and autophagy injury. METHODS A total of 67 male Wistar rats were divided into a non-PTP control group, 24 or 72 hours after a single cycle or 3 consecutive cycles of PTP in a 42°C water bath (1-24, 1-72, 3-24, and 3-72 groups). We measured the cardiac O2(-) amount in vivo in response to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation for 2 hours and reperfusion for 3 hours. Cardiac function and injury were determined by microcirculation, electrocardiography, and infarct size. The PTP-induced protective effects on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase gp91-mediated oxidative stress, ER stress, and apoptosis- and autophagy-related mechanisms were examined using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Coronary arterial ischemia/reperfusion depressed cardiac microcirculation, induced ST-segment elevation and increased infarct size in non-PTP and PTP rats. Ischemia/reperfusion enhanced the cardiac O2(-) levels by enhanced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase gp91 expression, cytosolic cytochrome C release, and decreased mitochondrial Bcl-2 expression. Cardiac injury activated ER stress-78-kDa glucose-regulated protein expression, increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cleaved caspase 3 expression and poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase fragments, leading to apoptosis formation, and promoted LC3-II expression, resulting in autophagy formation. PTP treatment elevated heat shock protein 70, heat shock protein 32, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and manganese superoxide dismutase in the rat heart, especially in the 3-72 group. PTP treatment significantly restored cardiac microcirculation, decreased oxidative stress, ER stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and infarct size. CONCLUSIONS PTP significantly reduced cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by upregulating antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antiautophagic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yen Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Biological Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Shoei-Shen Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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142
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Cheng J, Chen X, Lu H, Chen Q, Zhang Y. Antioxidant-related and kinetic studies on the reduction effect of catechins and esterified catechins on acrylamide formation in a microwave heating model system. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04016c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduction effect of catechins and esterified catechins on the kinetic behavior of acrylamide formation and its correlation with the change in antioxidant properties of Maillard reaction products in an equimolar asparagine–glucose microwave heating model system was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
| | - Huangping Lu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
| | - Quan Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
| | - Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
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143
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Murphy MP. Antioxidants as therapies: can we improve on nature? Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 66:20-3. [PMID: 23603661 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although oxidative damage contributes to many pathologies the use of naturally occurring, small-molecule antioxidants as therapies for these disorders has not been successful. Here I discuss some of the reasons this may be so. Paramount among these are the difficulties in delivering enough of the antioxidant to the intracellular location required to decrease pathological oxidative damage and the challenge of assessing whether the intervention has actually decreased oxidative damage in the patient to a therapeutically useful extent. To develop effective antioxidant therapies the best strategy may be to create new chemical entities designed to detoxify a defined reactive oxygen species-dependent process that underlies a particular pathology, in the same way a conventional drug is designed to modulate a biochemical process, rather than applying antioxidants in an unfocused manner. In developing new antioxidants it will be useful to utilize endogenous processes to activate and recycle the molecules in parallel with the targeting of compounds to cells and organelles in ways that are not limited by the constraints that impair the distribution of endogenous antioxidants. In short, I suggest that the future development of antioxidant therapies should be viewed as an arm of drug development, utilizing focused approaches similar to those of medicinal chemistry and pharmacology, rather than as a branch of nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Murphy
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
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144
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Cheng J, Jin C, Zhang Y. The reduction effect of dietary flavone C- and O-glycosides on the formation of acrylamide and its correlation and prediction with the antioxidant activity of Maillard reaction products. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02793k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of dietary flavone C- and O-glycosides on the formation of acrylamide contaminants has been investigated in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
| | - Jun Cheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
| | - Cheng Jin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
| | - Ying Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing
- Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment
- Fuli Institute of Food Science
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
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145
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Samoylenko A, Hossain JA, Mennerich D, Kellokumpu S, Hiltunen JK, Kietzmann T. Nutritional countermeasures targeting reactive oxygen species in cancer: from mechanisms to biomarkers and clinical evidence. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:2157-96. [PMID: 23458328 PMCID: PMC3869543 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) exert various biological effects and contribute to signaling events during physiological and pathological processes. Enhanced levels of ROS are highly associated with different tumors, a Western lifestyle, and a nutritional regime. The supplementation of food with traditional antioxidants was shown to be protective against cancer in a number of studies both in vitro and in vivo. However, recent large-scale human trials in well-nourished populations did not confirm the beneficial role of antioxidants in cancer, whereas there is a well-established connection between longevity of several human populations and increased amount of antioxidants in their diets. Although our knowledge about ROS generators, ROS scavengers, and ROS signaling has improved, the knowledge about the direct link between nutrition, ROS levels, and cancer is limited. These limitations are partly due to lack of standardized reliable ROS measurement methods, easily usable biomarkers, knowledge of ROS action in cellular compartments, and individual genetic predispositions. The current review summarizes ROS formation due to nutrition with respect to macronutrients and antioxidant micronutrients in the context of cancer and discusses signaling mechanisms, used biomarkers, and its limitations along with large-scale human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Samoylenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Jubayer Al Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniela Mennerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sakari Kellokumpu
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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146
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Vanaja K, Wahl M, Bukarica L, Heinle H. Liposomes as carriers of the lipid soluble antioxidant resveratrol: Evaluation of amelioration of oxidative stress by additional antioxidant vitamin. Life Sci 2013; 93:917-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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147
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Sousa M, Teixeira VH, Soares J. Dietary strategies to recover from exercise-induced muscle damage. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 65:151-63. [PMID: 24180469 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.849662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exhaustive or unaccustomed intense exercise can cause exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and its undesirable consequences may decrease the ability to exercise and to adhere to a training programme. This review briefly summarises the muscle damage process, focusing predominantly on oxidative stress and inflammation as contributing factors, and describes how nutrition may be positively used to recover from EIMD. The combined intake of carbohydrates and proteins and the use of antioxidants and/or anti-inflammatory nutrients within physiological ranges are interventions that may assist the recovery process. Although the works studying food instead of nutritional supplements are very scarce, their results seem to indicate that food might be a favourable option as a recovery strategy. To date, the only tested foods were milk, cherries, blueberries and pomegranate with promising results. Other potential solutions are foods rich in protein, carbohydrates, antioxidants and/or anti-inflammatory nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Sousa
- Faculdade de Desporto, Centro de Investigação, Formação, Intervenção e Inovação em Desporto (CIFI2D)
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148
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Ghosal M, Chhetri PK, Ghosh MK, Mandal P. Changes in Antioxidant Activity ofCyphomandra betacea(Cav.) Sendtn. Fruits During Maturation and Senescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2011.600493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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149
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Abstract
The term 'antioxidant paradox' is often used to refer to the observation that oxygen radicals and other reactive oxygen species are involved in several human diseases, but giving large doses of dietary antioxidant supplements to human subjects has, in most studies, demonstrated little or no preventative or therapeutic effect. Why should this be? First, the role of reactive oxygen species in the origin and/or progression of most human diseases is unclear, although they are probably important in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and perhaps some others. Second, the endogenous antioxidant defences in the human body are complex, interlocking and carefully regulated. The body's 'total antioxidant capacity' seems unresponsive to high doses of dietary antioxidants, so that the amount of oxidative damage to key biomolecules is rarely changed. Indeed, manipulation of endogenous antioxidant levels (e.g. by supplying weak pro-oxidants) may be a more useful approach to treatment and prevention of diseases in which reactive oxygen species are important than is consumption of large doses of dietary antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Halliwell
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
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150
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Misra S, Choudhury RC. Vitamin C Modulation of Cisplatin-Induced Cytogenotoxicity in Bone Marrow, Spermatogonia and its Transmission in the Male Germline of Swiss Mice. J Chemother 2013; 18:182-7. [PMID: 16736887 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2006.18.2.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Relative modulatory effects of three different doses of vitamin C (VC), 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, on cytogenotoxicity induced by cisplatin (CP) 5 mg/kg were assessed from the comparison of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and mitotic index in bone marrow cells, micronucleus test (MNT) in polychromatic erythrocytes from the somatic cell line and spermatogonial chromosome aberrations (SCAs), primary spermatocytic chromosome analysis and sperm morphology assay from the male germline of VC-pretreated and CP-alone treated mice. Each pretreatment dose of VC protected bone marrow cells from the CP-induced cytogenotoxicity by decreasing the aberrant metaphases, CAs and MN significantly, particularly the lower doses. The protection was inversely proportional to the pretreated dose of VC i.e., the higher the dose of VC the less protection was provided. The lower doses of VC also protected the spermatogonial cells by significantly decreasing the CP-induced aberrant metaphases and SCAs, whereas the highest dose potentiated such effects by increasing them significantly. Besides, transmission of CP-induced cytogenotoxicity in the male germline was enhanced significantly in all VC pretreated mice, resulting in an increase in the frequency of aberrant prima ry spermatocytes and abnormal sperm. Since the spermatogonial cells with gross effects were eliminated/died, the tolerable effects stabilized in some of them were transmitted through the male germline with the consequent increase in the manifestation of aberrant primary spermatocytes and abnormal sperm. However, VC failed to decrease in the transmission of such effects. Thus, the protective action of VC was dose dependent and tissue specific. Moreover, the time of VC treatment i.e., its pre- or post-treatment to the exposure of cells to cytogenotoxic substances is important in providing protection from or potentiation of the cytogenotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Misra
- Department of Zoology, Berhampur University, Berhampur-760 007, Orissa, India
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