101
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Shin J, Park S, Lee JY, Lee JH. Survival benefit of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a nationwide cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14703. [PMID: 38926519 PMCID: PMC11208440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65763-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is debated. We investigated whether the administration of ICS could lower the mortality risk in patients with COPD. We utilized the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database from 2002 to 2019. We included patients who had claim codes for COPD and inhalation respiratory medicine at least twice a year. A time-dependent Cox regression model was employed to estimate the association between ICS usage and survival. The cumulative dose of ICS was classified into three groups, and the mortality risk was compared among these groups. Of 16,463 included patients, there were 4395 (26.7%) deaths during the mean follow-up period of 5.0 years. The time-dependent Cox regression model demonstrated that ICS users had a significantly lower mortality risk compared to non-users (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.94; p < 0.001), particularly among individuals aged ≥ 55 years, women, never smokers, and those with history of asthma or coronary heart disease. Higher cumulative dose groups were associated with a lower mortality risk compared to the lowest cumulative dose group. In conclusion, the administration of ICS seemed to be associated with a lower mortality risk in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Shin
- Department of Health Care Policy Research, Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojung Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea.
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102
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Chen X, Xiong C, Xiao W, Du L, Liu M, Yu Y, Liao C, Zhang C, Li Y, Mao B, Fu J. Efficacy and cerebral mechanisms of acupuncture for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled neuroimaging trial. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1363225. [PMID: 38988597 PMCID: PMC11233458 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1363225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although acupuncture is recommended by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment guidelines owing to its effects on dyspnea, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in patients with stable COPD and explore the possible involvement of specific brain regions. Methods This is a prospective, multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. A total of 90 participants will be recruited from three centers and will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to undergo acupuncture at acupoints on the disease-affected meridian (DAM) or non-acupoints on the non-affected meridian (NAM), in addition to routine pharmacological treatments. All participants will undergo 30 min of acupuncture three times a week for 8 weeks and will be followed up for 12 months. The primary outcome will be the severity of dyspnea, as measured using the Borg Dyspnea Scale and a visual analog scale at rest and after exercise. The secondary outcomes will include the multidimensional profile of dyspnea using Dyspnea-12, the modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale, and the COPD assessment test; quality of life assessments using St George's Respiratory Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; and additional measurements of exacerbation frequency, pulmonary function, and the 6-min walking distance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be performed before and after exercise to explore the potential neurobiological mechanisms of exertional dyspnea. Anxiety and depression will be measured and analyzed for their correlation with the activation of specific brain areas involved in dyspnea. Discussion This randomized controlled trial aims to use a multidimensional evaluation of the efficacy of acupuncture in relieving dyspnea in patients with COPD in terms of emotion and quality of life and explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the effects of acupuncture on dyspnea from an imaging perspective. It is expected to provide strong evidence to support the use of acupuncture in relieving dyspnea in patients with COPD and those with aother diseases involving dyspnea. Additionally, it provides novel insights into the central mechanisms of acupuncture intervention and dyspnea. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (https://www.chictr.org.cn/): ChiCTR2300071725.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xugui Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chan Xiong
- Department of Respiratory, No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (West District)/Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Longyi Du
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meilu Liu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyu Liao
- No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (West District)/Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengshun Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Respiratory, No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (West District)/Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Mao
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juanjuan Fu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Takahashi MTC, Balardin JB, Bazán PR, Boasquevisque DDS, Amaro E, Conforto AB. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation in the initial weeks post-stroke: a pilot randomized study. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2024; 22:eAO0450. [PMID: 38922218 PMCID: PMC11196089 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024ao0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed at assessing the alterations in upper limb motor impairment and connectivity between motor areas following the post-stroke delivery of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation sessions. METHODS Modifications in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores, connectivity between the primary motor cortex of the unaffected and affected hemispheres, and between the primary motor and premotor cortices of the unaffected hemisphere were compared prior to and following six sessions of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation application in 13 patients (active = 6; sham = 7); this modality targets the primary motor cortex of the unaffected hemisphere early after a stroke. RESULTS Clinically relevant distinctions in Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores (≥9 points) were observed more frequently in the Sham Group than in the Active Group. Between-group differences in the alterations in Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores were not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney test, p=0.133). ROI-to-ROI correlations between the primary motor cortices of the affected and unaffected hemispheres post-therapeutically increased in 5/6 and 2/7 participants in the Active and Sham Groups, respectively. Between-group differences in modifications in connectivity between the aforementioned areas were not statistically significant. Motor performance enhancements were more frequent in the Sham Group compared to the Active Group. CONCLUSION The results of this hypothesis-generating investigation suggest that heightened connectivity may not translate into early clinical benefits following a stroke and will be crucial in designing larger cohort studies to explore mechanisms underlying the impacts of this intervention. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02455427.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Tengler Carvalho Takahashi
- Hospital Municipal da Vila Santa Catarina Dr. Gilson Cássia Marques de CarvalhoHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Municipal da Vila Santa Catarina Dr. Gilson Cássia Marques de Carvalho ; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein,São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Joana Bisol Balardin
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazil Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Rodrigo Bazán
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazil Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Danielle de Sá Boasquevisque
- Division of NeurologyPopulation Health Research InstitutMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Division of Neurology, Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Edson Amaro
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazil Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Bastos Conforto
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazil Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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104
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Xu HB, Xue F, Ye Y, Zhang HG. Association of Delirium with Long-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with COPD Who Survived to Discharge: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Lung 2024:10.1007/s00408-024-00725-y. [PMID: 38914868 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-024-00725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critically ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) face significant mortality after hospital discharge. Delirium is common in patients with COPD, but its impact on long-term mortality in critically ill COPD patients who survive to discharge remains uncertain. METHODS Critically ill patients with COPD who survived to discharge were selected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. The primary outcome was 365- and 180-day mortality after discharge. The secondary outcomes included 90- and 30-day mortality following discharge, length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stays, and nursing care needs after hospital discharge. RESULTS Of the 2621 survivors of critically ill COPD patients, 982 had suffered delirium during their ICU stay and 709 died within 365 days after hospital discharge. Delirium was significantly associated with 365-day mortality after hospital discharge (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.47). The results were consistent for 180-, 90-, and 30-day post-discharge mortality (adjusted HR [95% CI]: 1.35 [1.09-1.66], 1.48 [1.16-1.89], and 1.68 [1.21-2.32], respectively). Additionally, patients with delirium had longer ICU and hospital stay (adjusted β 2.75; 95% CI 2.35-3.16 and 4.25; 95% CI 3.51-4.98, respectively) and increased nursing care needs after hospital discharge (adjusted odds ratio, 1.56; 95% CI 1.13-2.14). CONCLUSION ICU delirium was an independent risk factor for both long-term and short-term mortality in critically ill patients with COPD who survived to discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 89 Taoyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Fang Xue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 89 Taoyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Yuan Ye
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 89 Taoyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Hai-Gang Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 89 Taoyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518052, China.
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105
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Huang Y, Shi W, He Q, Tan J, Tong J, Yu B. Racial and ethnic influences on carotid atherosclerosis: Epidemiology and risk factors. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241261840. [PMID: 39045542 PMCID: PMC11265241 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241261840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Carotid atherosclerosis-related stenosis, marked by atherosclerotic plaque formation in the carotid artery, significantly increases ischemic stroke risk. Its prevalence varies across ethnic groups, reflecting racial disparities. Epidemiological studies have highlighted different susceptibilities to carotid stenosis among racial groups. Native Americans and Whites show greater vulnerability, indicating genetic and environmental influences. The impact of carotid stenosis is more severe in Hispanic and Black populations, with a higher incidence of related brain injuries, underscoring the need for targeted interventions. Comparative imaging studies between Chinese and White individuals reveal unique patterns of carotid stenosis, enhancing understanding of its pathophysiology and management across ethnicities. This review also categorizes risk factors, distinguishing those with racial disparity (such as genetic loci, sleep apnea, and emotional factors, socioeconomic status) from those without. In summary, racial disparities affect carotid stenosis, leading to varying susceptibilities and outcomes among ethnic groups. Recognizing these differences is essential for developing effective prevention, diagnosis, and management strategies. Addressing these disparities is critical to reducing ischemic stroke's burden across populations. Continued research and targeted interventions are crucial to improve outcomes for individuals at risk of carotid stenosis and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihao Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing He
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyun Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jindong Tong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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Herpe G, Platon A, Poletti PA, Lövblad KO, Machi P, Becker M, Muster M, Perneger T, Guillevin R. Dual-Energy CT in Acute Stroke: Could Non-Contrast CT Be Replaced by Virtual Non-Contrast CT? A Feasibility Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3647. [PMID: 38999213 PMCID: PMC11242297 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to evaluate whether virtual non-contrast cerebral computed tomography (VNCCT) reconstructed from intravenous contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT (iv-DECT) could replace non-contrast CT (NCCT) in patients with suspected acute cerebral ischemia. Method: This retrospective study included all consecutive patients in whom NCCT followed by iv-DECT were performed for suspected acute ischemia in our emergency department over a 1-month period. The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) was used to determine signs of acute ischemia in the anterior and posterior circulation, the presence of hemorrhage, and alternative findings, which were randomly evaluated via the consensus reading of NCCT and VNCCT by two readers blinded to the final diagnosis. An intraclass correlation between VNCCT and NCCT was calculated for the ASPECTS values. Both techniques were evaluated for their ability to detect ischemic lesions (ASPECTS <10) when compared with the final discharge diagnosis (reference standard). Results: Overall, 148 patients (80 men, mean age 64 years) were included, of whom 46 (30%) presented with acute ischemia, 6 (4%) presented with intracerebral hemorrhage, 11 (7%) had an alternative diagnosis, and 85 (59%) had no pathological findings. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the two modalities were 0.97 (0.96-0.98) for the anterior circulation and 0.77 (0.69-0.83) for the posterior circulation. The VNCCT's sensitivity for detecting acute ischemia was higher (41%, 19/46) than that of NCCT (33%, 15/46). Specificity was similar between the two techniques, at 94% (97/103) and 98% (101/103), respectively. Conclusions: Our results show that VNCCT achieved a similar diagnostic performance as NCCT and could, thus, replace NCCT in assessing patients with suspected acute cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Herpe
- Emergency Radiology Unit, Division of Radiology, University Hospital of Geneva, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
- DACTIM-MIS Lab, I3M, Poitiers University, 86021 Poitiers, France;
| | - Alexandra Platon
- Emergency Radiology Unit, Division of Radiology, University Hospital of Geneva, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Poletti
- Division of Radiology, University Hospital of Geneva, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (P.-A.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Karl O. Lövblad
- Division of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Geneva, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (K.O.L.); (P.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Paolo Machi
- Division of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Geneva, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (K.O.L.); (P.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Minerva Becker
- Division of Radiology, University Hospital of Geneva, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (P.-A.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Michel Muster
- Division of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Geneva, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (K.O.L.); (P.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Thomas Perneger
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital of Geneva, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Rémy Guillevin
- DACTIM-MIS Lab, I3M, Poitiers University, 86021 Poitiers, France;
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107
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Bozidis P, Markou E, Gouni A, Gartzonika K. Does Phage Therapy Need a Pan-Phage? Pathogens 2024; 13:522. [PMID: 38921819 PMCID: PMC11206709 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is undoubtedly one of the most serious global health threats. One response to this threat that has been gaining momentum over the past decade is 'phage therapy'. According to this, lytic bacteriophages are used for the treatment of bacterial infections, either alone or in combination with antimicrobial agents. However, to ensure the efficacy and broad applicability of phage therapy, several challenges must be overcome. These challenges encompass the development of methods and strategies for the host range manipulation and bypass of the resistance mechanisms developed by pathogenic bacteria, as has been the case since the advent of antibiotics. As our knowledge and understanding of the interactions between phages and their hosts evolves, the key issue is to define the host range for each application. In this article, we discuss the factors that affect host range and how this determines the classification of phages into different categories of action. For each host range group, recent representative examples are provided, together with suggestions on how the different groups can be used to combat certain types of bacterial infections. The available methodologies for host range expansion, either through sequential adaptation to a new pathogen or through genetic engineering techniques, are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Bozidis
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (E.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Eleftheria Markou
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (E.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Athanasia Gouni
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (E.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Konstantina Gartzonika
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (E.M.); (A.G.)
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108
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Ogonczyk-Makowska D, Brun P, Vacher C, Chupin C, Droillard C, Carbonneau J, Laurent E, Dulière V, Traversier A, Terrier O, Julien T, Galloux M, Paul S, Eléouët JF, Fouret J, Hamelin ME, Pizzorno A, Boivin G, Rosa-Calatrava M, Dubois J. Mucosal bivalent live attenuated vaccine protects against human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in mice. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:111. [PMID: 38898106 PMCID: PMC11187144 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Live-Attenuated Vaccines (LAVs) stimulate robust mucosal and cellular responses and have the potential to protect against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), the main etiologic agents of viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children. We inserted the RSV-F gene into an HMPV-based LAV (Metavac®) we previously validated for the protection of mice against HMPV challenge, and rescued a replicative recombinant virus (Metavac®-RSV), exposing both RSV- and HMPV-F proteins at the virion surface and expressing them in reconstructed human airway epithelium models. When administered to BALB/c mice by the intranasal route, bivalent Metavac®-RSV demonstrated its capacity to replicate with reduced lung inflammatory score and to protect against both RSV and lethal HMPV challenges in vaccinated mice while inducing strong IgG and broad RSV and HMPV neutralizing antibody responses. Altogether, our results showed the versatility of the Metavac® platform and suggested that Metavac®-RSV is a promising mucosal bivalent LAV candidate to prevent pneumovirus-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ogonczyk-Makowska
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
| | - Pauline Brun
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Clémence Vacher
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Caroline Chupin
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Vaxxel, 43 Boulevard du onze novembre 1918, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clément Droillard
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Julie Carbonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
| | - Emilie Laurent
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Victoria Dulière
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélien Traversier
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Terrier
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Julien
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Galloux
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Julien Fouret
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Nexomis, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Eve Hamelin
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrés Pizzorno
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Guy Boivin
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
| | - Manuel Rosa-Calatrava
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Julia Dubois
- International Research Laboratory RESPIVIR France - Canada, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada.
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VirPath, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
- Virnext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France.
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Tadege M, Tegegne AS, Dessie ZG. Cardiac patients' surgery outcome and associated factors in Ethiopia: application of machine learning. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:395. [PMID: 38886745 PMCID: PMC11184771 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases are a class of heart and blood vessel-related illnesses. In Sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, preventable heart disease continues to be a significant factor, contrasting with its presence in developed nations. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of death due to cardiac disease and its risk factors among heart patients in Ethiopia. METHODS The current investigation included all cardiac patients who had cardiac surgery in the country between 2012 and 2023. A total of 1520 individuals were participated in the study. Data collection took place between February 2022 and January 2023. The study design was a retrospective cohort since the study track back patients' chart since 2012. Machine learning algorithms were applied for data analysis. For machine learning algorithms comparison, lift and AUC was applied. RESULTS From all possible algorithms, logistic algorithm at 90%/10% was the best fit since it produces the maximum AUC value. In addition, based on the lift value of 3.33, it can be concluded that the logistic regression algorithm was performing well and providing substantial improvement over random selection. From the logistic regression machine learning algorithms, age, saturated oxygen, ejection fraction, duration of cardiac center stays after surgery, waiting time to surgery, hemoglobin, and creatinine were significant predictors of death. CONCLUSION Some of the predictors for the death of cardiac disease patients are identified as such special attention should be given to aged patients, for patients waiting for long periods of time to get surgery, lower saturated oxygen, higher creatinine value, lower ejection fraction and for patients with lower hemoglobin values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaku Tadege
- College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
- Department of Statistics, Injibara University, Injibara, Amhara, Ethiopia.
- Regional Data Management Center for Health (RDMC), Amhara Public Health Institute (APHI), Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | | | - Zelalem G Dessie
- College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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110
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Robert M, Jonathan NA, Kisakye NI, Mary K, Mutakoha E. Persistent unmet need for surgical care in Western Uganda. Trop Doct 2024:494755241261734. [PMID: 38887102 DOI: 10.1177/00494755241261734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Treatable surgical diseases account for a significant proportion of the global burden of disease, particularly in low- and middle-income communities. The number of deaths owing to poor surgical care or its non-availability has been reported to exceed those from HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria combined. The Ugandan government and its development partners aim to put in place measures to achieve universal health coverage for all communities. These include construction and equipping health facilities, training of health workers, opening up road networks, and poverty alleviation programmes. However, these efforts have, as yet, fallen short as evidenced by external hernias remaining the leading cause of intestinal obstruction for more than 40 years. We recommend establishment of global surgery collaborations with rural-based medical training schools and other health facilities, essential surgical skills training for medical students, task shifting in surgical care and integration of regular surgical camps in the Uganda's healthcare delivery model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugarura Robert
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Surgery, Kabale University
- Professor Emeritus, surgery, Mbarara University of Science and Technology
| | | | | | - Katushabe Mary
- Public health Nurse specialist, Surgery for Community Foundation
| | - Elichum Mutakoha
- Professor Emeritus, surgery, Mbarara University of Science and Technology
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111
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Komai M, Takeno D, Fujii C, Nakano J, Ohsaki Y, Shirakawa H. Nailfold Capillaroscopy: A Comprehensive Review on Its Usefulness in Both Clinical Diagnosis and Improving Unhealthy Dietary Lifestyles. Nutrients 2024; 16:1914. [PMID: 38931269 PMCID: PMC11206784 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the 1970s, the utility of nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) in diagnosing rheumatological disorders such as systemic sclerosis has been well established. Further studies have also shown that NFC can detect non-rheumatic diseases such as diabetes, glaucoma, dermatitis, and Alzheimer disease. In the past decade, nailfold capillary morphological changes have also been reported as symptoms of unhealthy lifestyle habits such as poor diet, smoking, sleep deprivation, and even psychological stress, all of which contribute to slow blood flow. Therefore, studying the relationships between the morphology of nailfold capillaries and lifestyle habits has a high potential to indicate unhealthy states or even pre-disease conditions. Simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive methods such as NFC are important and useful for routine medical examinations. The present study began with a systematic literature search of the PubMed database followed by a summary of studies reporting the assessment of morphological changes detected by NFC, and a comprehensive review of NFC's utility in clinical diagnosis and improving unhealthy dietary lifestyles. It culminates in a summary of dietary and lifestyle health promotion strategy, assessed based on NFC and other related measurements that indicate healthy microvascular blood flow and endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Komai
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.O.); (H.S.)
| | - Dan Takeno
- At Co., Ltd., Osaka 541-0042, Japan; (D.T.); (C.F.); (J.N.)
| | - Chiharu Fujii
- At Co., Ltd., Osaka 541-0042, Japan; (D.T.); (C.F.); (J.N.)
| | - Joe Nakano
- At Co., Ltd., Osaka 541-0042, Japan; (D.T.); (C.F.); (J.N.)
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.O.); (H.S.)
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.O.); (H.S.)
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Akkan S, Uyanik Ö, Ceyhan M, Karaarslan FN. Comparison of whole body computed tomography findings with physician predictions in high-energy blunt trauma patients: prospective observational study. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2024:10.1007/s00068-024-02564-1. [PMID: 38886236 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-024-02564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) procedure is increasingly common in evaluating patients presenting with high-energy trauma. However, it remains unclear in which population WBCT provides benefit and whether its routine application is truly beneficial. In this study, we aimed to compare physician predictions with WBCT findings in patients with high-energy blunt trauma. METHODS The study was conducted as a single-center prospective observational study at a tertiary center. Patients presenting with high-energy blunt trauma between 01.03.2021-01.03.2023 were included. Both physician predictions and WBCT findings were recorded and compared in three categories: "no pathology," "no life-threatening pathology," and "life-threatening pathology." The predictive values of physician predictions for each category were calculated. The characteristics of patients evaluated as less severe than predicted by clinicians were examined. RESULTS The study included a total of 92 patients. The median age was 27 years (IQR 25-75; 20-54). Among the patients, 27 (%) had life-threatening injuries according to CT findings in any region. A total of 34 (37%) patients were predicted by physicians to have "no pathology" in all three regions. Among these patients, none had life-threatening pathology in all three regions. There were 10 (10.9%) patients with CT findings more severe than physician predictions in at least one region. The sensitivity of physician predictions for life-threatening injury to the head/cervical region was 94.1% (95% CI: 71.3-99.9). For life-threatening injury to the chest, the sensitivity was 85.7% (95% CI: 42.1-99.6). For the presence of life-threatening abdominal pathology, the sensitivity was 100% (95% CI: 63.1-100). CONCLUSıON: It appears reasonable to utilize WBCT in patients where physicians expect life-threatening injury in any system. However, in cases where no pathology is expected in any system according to clinical prediction, we believe that performing WBCT solely based on trauma mechanism will not provide sufficient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Akkan
- Emergency Medicine Department, Kahramanmaraş Elbistan State Hospital, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Ömür Uyanik
- Emergency Medicine Department, Kahramanmaraş Elbistan State Hospital, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Ceyhan
- Emergency Medicine Department, Kahramanmaraş Elbistan State Hospital, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
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Zou Y, Chen S, Cui Y, Zou Y. M133S mutation possibly involve in the ER stress and mitophagy pathway in maintenance hemodialysis patients with occult hepatitis B infection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13981. [PMID: 38886481 PMCID: PMC11183135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64943-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is characterized by the presence of HBV DNA in the absence of detectable HBsAg. OBI is an important risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, but its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Mutations in the HBV preS/S genes can lead to impaired secretion of either HBsAg or S-protein resulting in the accumulation of defective viruses or S protein in cells. In our previous work, the M133S mutation was present in the HBV S gene of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with OBI. In this study, we investigated the potential role of amino acid substitutions in S proteins in S protein production and secretion through the construction of mutant S gene plasmids, structural prediction, transcriptome sequencing analysis, and in vitro functional studies. Protein structure prediction showed that the S protein M133S mutant exhibited hydrophilic modifications, with greater aggregation and accumulation of the entire structure within the membrane phospholipid bilayer. Differential gene enrichment analysis of transcriptome sequencing data showed that differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The expression of heat shock family proteins and ER chaperone molecules was significantly increased in the wild-type and mutant groups, whereas the expression of mitochondria-associated proteins was decreased. Immunofluorescence staining and protein blotting showed that the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein PDI, the autophagy marker LC3, and the lysosome-associated protein LAMP2 co-localized with the S proteins in the wild-type and mutant strains, and their expression was increased. The mitochondria-associated TOMM20 protein was also co-expressed with the S protein, but expression was significantly reduced in the mutant. The M133S mutation in the S gene is expressed as a defective and misfolded protein that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum causing secretion-impaired endoplasmic reticulum stress, which in turn triggers mitochondrial autophagy and recruits lysosomes to fuse with the autophagosome, leading to mitochondrial clearance. This study preliminarily demonstrated that the mutation of M133S in the S gene can cause OBI and is associated with disease progression, providing a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of OBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zou
- Department of Nephrology and Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Sipei Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiyuan Cui
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yang Zou
- Department of Nephrology and Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
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Jiang H, Liu F, Qin Z, Peng Y, Zhu J, Zhao Y, Wang J, Gong L. Bibliometric analysis of the association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32065. [PMID: 38947459 PMCID: PMC11214438 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Conduct a bibliometric analysis to review the knowledge structure and research trends regarding the association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods The Web of Science Core collection database was searched for retrieving publications related to periodontitis and CVD between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2022. The VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R software package "bibliometrix" were employed for the bibliometric analysis. Results In total, 3447 articles were collected from 98 countries over the past 20 years, with the United States (1,003), Japan (377), and China (321) contributing the most publications. The literature in this field exhibited exponential growth. The University of Helsinki (n = 125, 1.37 %) holds the distinction of being the research institution with the highest number of publications, with a predominant representation from institutions in the United States. Notably, the Journal of Periodontology emerges as the most popular journal in the field, whereas the Journal of Clinical Periodontology takes the lead in terms of citations. These publications originated from 15,236 authors, with Pussinen (n = 40) having the highest number of published papers and Tonetti (n = 976) garnering the most citations. The visualization analysis of keywords identified "oral microbiome," "inflammation," and "porphyromonas gingivalis" as emerging research hotspots in exploring the relationship between periodontitis and CVDs. Conclusion Through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis, this study posits that periodontitis may heighten the risk of cardiovascular events, offering valuable academic references for scholars investigating the link between periodontitis and CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxiang Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Intelligent Medical Imaging of Jiangxi Key Laboratory, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Fangqiang Liu
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Jiu Jiang University, Jiu Jiang, 332000, China
| | - Zishun Qin
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Intelligent Medical Imaging of Jiangxi Key Laboratory, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jianghua Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Intelligent Medical Imaging of Jiangxi Key Laboratory, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yaya Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Intelligent Medical Imaging of Jiangxi Key Laboratory, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Jiu Jiang University, Jiu Jiang, 332000, China
| | - Lianggeng Gong
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Intelligent Medical Imaging of Jiangxi Key Laboratory, Nanchang, 330006, China
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Granström F, Wenemark M, Festin K, Good E, Frielingsdorf H, Lowén M, Rystedt I. Impact of the pandemic on leisure physical activity and alcohol consumption. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1589. [PMID: 38872148 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19100-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated heightened morbidity and elevated mortality attributed to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The pandemic also influenced health behaviors such as physical activity (PA) and alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to examine changes in leisure PA and alcohol consumption in Sweden during the pandemic, and elucidate potential discrepancies in changes across demographic strata and socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS Data were retrieved from two waves of the longitudinal cohort study Life conditions, Stress and Health (LSH) (n = 2,523). Two measures of change were used; longitudinal change relative to baseline (2012-2015) and reported change compared to before the pandemic. For these two change measures, differences between sex, age group and SES were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Regardless of the change measure, the proportion of individuals with diminished PA was notably higher among females compared to males. Furthermore, relative to baseline, females were less likely to have increased their PA, however according to the reported change they were more likely to have increased PA. Longitudinal change in PA compared to baseline followed a reversed age gradient, while, according to reported change, a decrease in PA during the pandemic was most prevalent in respondents 45 years of age at baseline (OR = 1.8, CI: 1.2-2.5) and respondents 50 years of age at baseline (OR = 1.7, CI: 1.2-2.4). High SES was associated with a greater variability in PA. Alcohol consumption was generally reduced during the pandemic. However, individuals aged 40 or 45 years at baseline were more likely than others to have initiated risky alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Females exhibited a greater propensity to alter their PA levels during the pandemic, with the most profound decreases observed among individuals of working ages. Despite a general downturn in alcohol consumption, individuals aged 40 and 45 had a heightened likelihood of having initiated risky alcohol consumption compared to individuals in other age cohorts. In conclusion, societal restrictions during a pandemic render a dual impact on PA levels. While posing a risk for decreased PA among individuals in working ages, the restrictions also present a potential window of opportunity to increase PA, particularly among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Granström
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Marika Wenemark
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karin Festin
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elin Good
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Helena Frielingsdorf
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mats Lowén
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Rystedt
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Sun W, Li Y, Tan S. Development and Validation of an In-Hospital Mortality Prediction Model for Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:1303-1314. [PMID: 38881715 PMCID: PMC11180450 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s461269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often face unknown risks during acute exacerbation of the disease (AECOPD), which could potentially result in mortality. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram model for predicting the risk of in-hospital mortality in AECOPD patients. Patients and Methods Clinical data of patients hospitalized at The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City for AECOPD between January 2013 and December 2022 were retrospectively collected. Variables underwent selection through LASSO regression and multivariable logistic regression to develop a nomogram model. The model's predictive performance was assessed using the concordance index, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA), with internal validation conducted using the bootstrap method. Results A total of 1224 patients were included in this study, with 98 (8%) deaths occurring during hospitalization. LASSO regression identified 11 variables, used to construct model A. Further multivariable logistic regression was conducted to select variables with P < 0.05 to establish model B. model B was selected as the final model based on discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility, encompassing variables including acute respiratory failure, lung cancer, heart rate, hemoglobin, absolute neutrophil count, serum albumin, blood urea nitrogen, and serum chloride. The nomogram model achieved a concordance index of 0.858. Internal validation of the model was conducted using the bootstrap method with 500 repetitions, resulting in a concordance index of 0.851 (95% CI: 0.805, 0.893). The calibration curve demonstrated a good fit, with a Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test P-value of 0.520. Moreover, DCA findings suggested patient benefit within a threshold probability range of 0.02 to 0.73, with a maximum net benefit of 0.07. Conclusion The model constructed in this study has good predictive performance, which helps clinical doctors identify patients at high risk of death early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Sun
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeshan Li
- Respiratory Department, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City, Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxin Tan
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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Ibrahim AM, Abdi AA, Yusuf RB, Osman MO, Muse AI, Wadajo GT, Hailu A, Roble AK, Issack MA, Mahamed AA. Incidence of mortality and risk factors among adult stroke patients in public hospitals Jigjiga town Somali region, Ethiopia: Cohort study design. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241258147. [PMID: 38855005 PMCID: PMC11159568 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241258147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A stroke is a sudden loss of blood supply to the brain, leading to permanent tissue damage caused by embolism, thrombosis, or hemorrhagic events. Almost 85% of strokes are ischemic strokes. Objective To assess the incidence of mortality and risk factors among adult stroke patients in public hospitals of Jigjiga town, Somali Region, Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted from 25 May to 15 June 2022 at Sheikh Hassen Yabare Referral Hospital and Karamara Hospital. Data were entered using Epi-Data version 4.3 and exported to be analyzed using SPSS 20 statistical software. Kaplan-Meier was used to estimate mean survival time, and a predictor with a p-value < 0.05 was considered to have a significant in multivariate Cox regression. Results About 480 stroke patients' charts were included in this study; among those, 229 (53.3%) were male stroke patients, and 259 (60.2%) had an ischemic stroke. The overall incidence rate was 7.15 deaths per 1000 person-day observations. The overall median survival time for adult stroke patients was 120 days. GCS level b/n 3-8 has a lower survival time with a mean survival time of 57 days (95% CI: 48.8-66.7) as compared to those who had GCS level 9-12 with a mean survival time of 103 days (95% CI: 93.4-112.9). Age ⩾ 71 (AHR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.02-3.45), presence of pneumonia (AHR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.52-4.63), and history of hypertension (AHR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.08-3.89) were the predictors of mortality among stroke patients. Conclusion According to the findings of this study, the incidence of mortality was high, at 7.15 per 1000 person-years. The presence of pneumonia, decreased GCS, age ⩾ 7, and history of hypertension were predictors of mortality in adult stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohammed Ibrahim
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Abdirasak Abdulahi Abdi
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Ramadan Budul Yusuf
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Mohamed Omar Osman
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Abdilahi Ibrahim Muse
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Girma Tadesse Wadajo
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Afework Hailu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahman Kedir Roble
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Mohamed Ali Issack
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Ali Ahmed Mahamed
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
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Darlami O, Pun R, Ahn SH, Kim SH, Shin D. Macrocyclization strategy for improving candidate profiles in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116501. [PMID: 38754142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Macrocycles are defined as cyclic compounds with 12 or more members. In medicinal chemistry, they are categorized based on their core chemistry into cyclic peptides and macrocycles. Macrocycles are advantageous because of their structural diversity and ability to achieve high affinity and selectivity towards challenging targets that are often not addressable by conventional small molecules. The potential of macrocyclization to optimize drug-like properties while maintaining adequate bioavailability and permeability has been emphasized as a key innovation in medicinal chemistry. This review provides a detailed case study of the application of macrocyclization over the past 5 years, starting from the initial analysis of acyclic active compounds to optimization of the resulting macrocycles for improved efficacy and drug-like properties. Additionally, it illustrates the strategic value of macrocyclization in contemporary drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Darlami
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea
| | - Rabin Pun
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehak-gil 1, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehak-gil 1, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea.
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Chu CD, Dohan D, Estrella MM, Shlipak MG, Tuot DS. Primary care clinician perspectives on automated nephrology e-consults for diabetic kidney disease: a pre-implementation qualitative study. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:197. [PMID: 38834994 PMCID: PMC11149280 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02454-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) do not receive evidence-based, guideline-recommended treatment shown to reduce DKD progression and complications. Proactive electronic consultations (e-consults) are an emerging intervention strategy that could potentially allow nephrologists to provide timely and evidence-based guidance to primary care providers (PCPs) engaged in early DKD care. METHODS The objective of this study was to explore perspectives about potential barriers and facilitators associated with a proactive e-consult program to improve DKD care delivery. We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with PCPs across three different health systems. Interview transcripts were reviewed in a rapid qualitative analysis approach to iteratively identify, refine, and achieve consensus on a final list of themes and subthemes. RESULTS A total of 18 interviews were conducted. PCPs across all sites identified similar challenges to delivering guideline-recommended DKD care. PCPs were supportive of the proactive e-consult concept. Three major themes emerged surrounding (1) perceived potential benefits of proactive e-consults, including educational value and improved specialist access; (2) concerns about the proactive nature of e-consults, including the potential to increase PCP workload and the possibility that e-consults could be seen as documenting substandard care; and (3) leveraging of care teams to facilitate recommended DKD care, such as engaging clinic-based pharmacists to implement specialist recommendations from e-consults. CONCLUSION In this pre-implementation qualitative study, PCPs noted potential benefits and identified concerns and implementation barriers for proactive e-consults for DKD care. Strategies that emerged for promoting successful implementation included involving clinic support staff to enact e-consult recommendations and framing e-consults as a system improvement effort to avoid judgmental associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi D Chu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Ave, Bldg 100, Rm 342, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA.
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Daniel Dohan
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michelle M Estrella
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael G Shlipak
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Delphine S Tuot
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Ave, Bldg 100, Rm 342, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA
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Piao Z, Chai B, Wu Y, Diao H, He Q, Zheng Q, Yan F, Cui W. The association between polyunsaturated fatty acids and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. Food Funct 2024; 15:5929-5941. [PMID: 38738702 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04675c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease, and its development and prognosis are influenced by many nutrients. However, the relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and COPD remains unclear. Methods: This study searched all literature reports on PUFAs and COPD based on electronic databases from their inception up to October 2023. Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the differences in PUFAs between COPD patients and controls, the risk of COPD in subjects with different levels of PUFA concentrations, and the effect of PUFA supplementation on COPD. Results: A total of nineteen studies met our inclusion criteria, which included 155 636 subjects. Our meta-analysis results showed that the daily dietary intake of PUFAs was lower in COPD patients than in controls (SMD = -0.80 g, 95% CI: -1.28, -0.31 g, I2 = 98.6%, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the lower n-3 PUFA levels and higher n-6 PUFA levels were associated with an increased risk of COPD (effect size n-3 = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77, 0.98, I2 = 52.2%, P = 0.018; effect size n-6 = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.43, I2 = 75.2%, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the PUFA supplementation group was higher than that in the control group (SMD = 0.63 mg dL-1, 95% CI: 0.15, 1.12 mg dL-1, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.697). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis indicated a potential relationship between PUFAs and COPD. More large-scale prospective cohort studies and clinical trials are necessary to validate this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Piao
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Chai
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Changchun Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiao Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China.
| | - Houze Diao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China.
| | - Qingzhen He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China.
| | - Qingzhao Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China.
| | - Feifei Yan
- Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2 Weiliu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250021, P. R. China.
| | - Weiwei Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China.
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Wang Y, Shi Y, Xiao T, Bi X, Huo Q, Wang S, Xiong J, Zhao J. A Klotho-Based Machine Learning Model for Prediction of both Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 10:200-212. [PMID: 38835404 PMCID: PMC11149992 DOI: 10.1159/000538510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models based on serum Klotho for predicting end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods Five different ML models were trained to predict the risk of ESKD and CVD at three different time points (3, 5, and 8 years) using a cohort of 400 non-dialysis CKD patients. The dataset was divided into a training set (70%) and an internal validation set (30%). These models were informed by data comprising 47 clinical features, including serum Klotho. The best-performing model was selected and used to identify risk factors for each outcome. Model performance was assessed using various metrics. Results The findings showed that the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model had the highest accuracy (C-index = 0.71) in predicting ESKD. The features mainly included in this model were estimated glomerular filtration rate, 24-h urinary microalbumin, serum albumin, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and serum Klotho, which achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.930 (95% CI: 0.897-0.962). In addition, for the CVD risk prediction, the random survival forest model with the highest accuracy (C-index = 0.66) was selected and achieved the highest AUC of 0.782 (95% CI: 0.633-0.930). The features mainly included in this model were age, history of primary hypertension, calcium, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and serum Klotho. Conclusion We successfully developed and validated Klotho-based ML risk prediction models for CVD and ESKD in CKD patients with good performance, indicating their high clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tangli Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xianjin Bi
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qingyu Huo
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiachuan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
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Monier I, Hachem S, Goffinet F, Martinez-Marin A, Khoshnood B, Lelong N. Population-based surveillance of congenital anomalies over 40 years (1981-2020): Results from the Paris Registry of Congenital Malformations (remaPAR). J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2024; 53:102780. [PMID: 38552958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2024.102780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Registries of congenital anomalies (CAs) play a key role in the epidemiological surveillance of CAs. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of CAs and proportions of prenatal diagnosis, terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly (TOPFA) and infant mortality in the Paris Registry of Congenital Malformations (remaPAR) over 40 years, from 1981 to 2020. MATERIAL AND METHODS remaPAR records all births (live births, stillbirths ≥22 weeks of gestation and TOPFA at any gestational age) with CAs detected prenatally until the early neonatal period. We estimated the prevalence of CAs and proportions of prenatal diagnosis, TOPFA and infant mortality, overall and for a selected group of CAs in 3-year intervals. RESULTS The prevalence of CAs remained stable during the study period: 2.9 % of total births and 2.1 % of live births. Genetic anomalies were the most frequent subgroup (about 23 %), followed by congenital heart defects (about 22 %) and limb defects (about 20 %). Among non-genetic anomalies, the prevalence per 10,000 births was the highest for hypospadias (about 18 %) and the lowest for bilateral renal agenesis (about 1 %). Prenatal diagnoses increased from about 17 % in the 1980s to approximately 70 % in the most recent period (2018-2020), whereas the proportion of early TOPFA <16 weeks of gestation increased from 0.4 % to 14 %. Infant mortality ranged from 0 % for transverse limb reduction defects to 86 % for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. CONCLUSION The overall prevalence of CAs was fairly stable in Paris from 1981 to 2020. Prenatal diagnoses substantially increased, accompanied by much smaller increases in TOPFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Monier
- Université Paris Cité, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), INSERM, INRA, Paris, France.
| | - Sara Hachem
- Université Paris Cité, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
| | - François Goffinet
- Université Paris Cité, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), INSERM, INRA, Paris, France; Port-Royal Maternity Unit, Groupe hospitalier Cochin Broca Hôtel-Dieu, AP-HP, Université Paris, FHU Prema, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Martinez-Marin
- Université Paris Cité, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Babak Khoshnood
- Université Paris Cité, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Lelong
- Université Paris Cité, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
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Rodríguez-Leal CM, González-Corralejo C, Candel FJ, Salavert M. Candent issues in pneumonia. Reflections from the Fifth Annual Meeting of Spanish Experts 2023. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2024; 37:221-251. [PMID: 38436606 PMCID: PMC11094633 DOI: 10.37201/req/018.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Pneumonia is a multifaceted illness with a wide range of clinical manifestations, degree of severity and multiple potential causing microorganisms. Despite the intensive research of recent decades, community-acquired pneumonia remains the third-highest cause of mortality in developed countries and the first due to infections; and hospital-acquired pneumonia is the main cause of death from nosocomial infection in critically ill patients. Guidelines for management of this disease are available world wide, but there are questions which generate controversy, and the latest advances make it difficult to stay them up to date. A multidisciplinary approach can overcome these limitations and can also aid to improve clinical results. Spanish medical societies involved in diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia have made a collaborative effort to actualize and integrate last expertise about this infection. The aim of this paper is to reflect this knowledge, communicated in Fifth Pneumonia Day in Spain. It reviews the most important questions about this disorder, such as microbiological diagnosis, advances in antibiotic and sequential therapy, management of beta-lactam allergic patient, preventive measures, management of unusual or multi-resistant microorganisms and adjuvant or advanced therapies in Intensive Care Unit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F J Candel
- Francisco Javier Candel, Clinical Microbiology Service. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. IdISSC and IML Health Research Institutes. 28040 Madrid. Spain.
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Fan L, Liu J, Hu W, Chen Z, Lan J, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Wu X, Zhong Z, Zhang D, Zhang J, Qin R, Chen H, Zong Y, Zhang J, Chen B, Jiang J, Cheng J, Zhou J, Gao Z, Liu Z, Chai Y, Fan J, Wu P, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Wang K, Yuan Y, Huang P, Zhang Y, Feng H, Song K, Zeng X, Zhu W, Hu X, Yin W, Chen W, Wang J. Targeting pro-inflammatory T cells as a novel therapeutic approach to potentially resolve atherosclerosis in humans. Cell Res 2024; 34:407-427. [PMID: 38491170 PMCID: PMC11143203 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a leading cause of cardio-cerebrovascular disease worldwide, is driven by the accumulation of lipid contents and chronic inflammation. Traditional strategies primarily focus on lipid reduction to control AS progression, leaving residual inflammatory risks for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). While anti-inflammatory therapies targeting innate immunity have reduced MACEs, many patients continue to face significant risks. Another key component in AS progression is adaptive immunity, but its potential role in preventing AS remains unclear. To investigate this, we conducted a retrospective cohort study on tumor patients with AS plaques. We found that anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) significantly reduces AS plaque size. With multi-omics single-cell analyses, we comprehensively characterized AS plaque-specific PD-1+ T cells, which are activated and pro-inflammatory. We demonstrated that anti-PD-1 mAb, when captured by myeloid-expressed Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs), interacts with PD-1 expressed on T cells. This interaction turns the anti-PD-1 mAb into a substitute PD-1 ligand, suppressing T-cell functions in the PD-1 ligands-deficient context of AS plaques. Further, we conducted a prospective cohort study on tumor patients treated with anti-PD-1 mAb with or without Fc-binding capability. Our analysis shows that anti-PD-1 mAb with Fc-binding capability effectively reduces AS plaque size, while anti-PD-1 mAb without Fc-binding capability does not. Our work suggests that T cell-targeting immunotherapy can be an effective strategy to resolve AS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zexin Chen
- Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Lan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Basic Medical School of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Center for Integrated Oncology and Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianpeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Qin
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Zong
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jifang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenjie Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Chai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junqiang Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinxuan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuefeng Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pintong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiqin Feng
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaichen Song
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xun Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weiwei Yin
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Alhuneafat L, Ta'ani OA, Tarawneh T, ElHamdani A, Al-Adayleh R, Al-Ajlouni Y, Naser A, Al-Abdouh A, Amoateng R, Taffe K, Alqarqaz M, Jabri A. Burden of cardiovascular disease in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1990-2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102557. [PMID: 38554891 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rise in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) reflects a major shift from communicable to noncommunicable diseases as primary health challenges. Consequently, this study aims to explore the burden of CVD and associated risk factors in SSA using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. METHODS This study utilized data from the GBD 1990 to 2019 to examine CVD prevalence in 46 SSA countries. We employed Bayesian regression models, demographic techniques, and mortality-to-incidence ratios to analyze both prevalence and mortality rates. Additionally, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were computed, and various risk factors were examined using the GBD's comparative risk assessment framework. RESULTS Between 1990 and 2019, CVD raw counts in SSA rose by 131.7 %, with a 2.1 % increase in age-standardized prevalence rates. The most prevalent conditions were ischemic heart disease, stroke, and rheumatic heart disease. During the same period, the age-standardized CVD deaths per 100,000 individuals decreased from 314 (1990) to 269 (2019), reflecting a -14.4 % decline. Age-standardized CVD DALY rates also showed a decrease from 6,755 in 1990 to 5,476 in 2019, with translates to 18.9 % reduction. By 2019, the Central African Republic, Madagascar, and Lesotho were the countries with the highest age-standardized DALY rates for all CVDs. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights a contrasting trend in SSA's CVD landscape: a decrease in age-standardized mortality and DALYs contrasts with increasing CVD prevalence, emphasizing the need for targeted public health strategies that balance treatment advancements with intensified prevention and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith Alhuneafat
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Omar Al Ta'ani
- Department of Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tala Tarawneh
- Department of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Adee ElHamdani
- Department of Cardiology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Rand Al-Adayleh
- Department of Family Medicine, Jordanian National Diabetes Association, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Abdallah Naser
- Department of Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ahmad Al-Abdouh
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Richard Amoateng
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kevin Taffe
- Department of Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Ahmad Jabri
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Henry Ford, Detroit, MI, USA
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Han J, Dong H, Zhu T, Wei Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, Lv Y, Mu H, Huang S, Zeng K, Xu J, Ding J. Biochemical hallmarks-targeting antineoplastic nanotherapeutics. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:427-454. [PMID: 39044728 PMCID: PMC11263727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironments (TMEs) have received increasing attention in recent years as they play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis, progression, metastases, and resistance to the traditional modalities of cancer therapy like chemotherapy. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, effective antineoplastic nanotherapeutics targeting the aberrant hallmarks of TMEs have been proposed. The appropriate design and fabrication endow nanomedicines with the abilities for active targeting, TMEs-responsiveness, and optimization of physicochemical properties of tumors, thereby overcoming transport barriers and significantly improving antineoplastic therapeutic benefits. This review begins with the origins and characteristics of TMEs and discusses the latest strategies for modulating the TMEs by focusing on the regulation of biochemical microenvironments, such as tumor acidosis, hypoxia, and dysregulated metabolism. Finally, this review summarizes the challenges in the development of smart anti-cancer nanotherapeutics for TME modulation and examines the promising strategies for combination therapies with traditional treatments for further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - He Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Tianyi Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Qi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Yongheng Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Yu Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Haoran Mu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Shandeng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Ke Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 100 Haining Street, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
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Godono A, Clari M, Corgiat Loia R, Panero B, Noè S, Carena E, Mansour I, Dimonte V, Pira E, Charrier L. Serosusceptibility and hesitancy for booster HBV vaccination among health care workers in Italy: A cross-sectional study. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:1095-1099. [PMID: 38705062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV). The most effective prevention measure is vaccination, with a serum hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titre > 10 mIU/ml considered protective. To date, the sociodemographic and occupational characteristics related to HBV serosusceptibility and factors associated with booster hesitancy remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with maintaining a protective HBsAb titre in a large sample of HCWs and to evaluate factors potentially associated with hesitancy towards vaccine boosters. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs who underwent a health surveillance visit between 2017 and 2022. If the serum HBsAb titre was < 10 MIU/ml, a vaccine booster dose was offered. Based on their willingness to be vaccinated, employees were classified into three groups: acceptance, hesitation, and refusal. Uni- and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the association of demographic and occupational characteristics with serosusceptibility and attitudes towards vaccination. RESULTS A total of 1632 (27%) employees were shown to be nonimmune. A lower median age and being a physician were significantly associated with a protective HBsAb titre. A total of 706 nonimmune employees (43.3%) accepted the vaccination, 865 (53%) hesitated, and 61 (3.7%) refused. The median age of those who refused vaccination was significantly higher than that of those who hesitated and those who were vaccinated. Acceptance of vaccination was significantly higher among nurses, while nurse aides hesitated more; among nonmedical graduate staff both hesitation and refusal were higher than expected. In the multivariable analysis, higher age, female sex, and employment as an allied health care professional were shown to be significantly associated with hesitation/refusal, while being born abroad turned out to be protective. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that approximately a quarter of HCWs were not immune to HBV infection, and of these, more than half were hesitant towards or refused the booster dose. The risk of hesitation/refusal was higher with age in women and among allied health care staff. Based on these findings, further studies are needed to prospectively evaluate HBV seroprevalence, vaccination adherence, factors associated with hesitancy, and the effectiveness of health surveillance strategies in a high-risk population susceptible to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Godono
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Clari
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Bruna Panero
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Samuele Noè
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Carena
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Ihab Mansour
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Valerio Dimonte
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Pira
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Lorena Charrier
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
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Kimura Y, Suzuki Y, Abe M. Association between the initial physical activity and functional recovery after 1 month of inpatient rehabilitation for subacute stroke: stratified analysis by nutritional status. Int J Rehabil Res 2024; 47:103-109. [PMID: 38618657 DOI: 10.1097/mrr.0000000000000628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Objectively measured physical activity volume serves as a predictive factor for functional recovery in patients with stroke. Malnutrition, a frequent complication of stroke, may influence the relationship between physical activity and functional recovery. This study aimed to examine the association between physical activity volume and functional recovery in patients with stroke, stratified by their nutritional status. This multicenter prospective observational study included 209 patients with stroke admitted to two Japanese convalescent rehabilitation hospitals. Participants were categorized based on the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) at admission [≥92, high GNRI group ( n = 133); <92, low GNRI group ( n = 76)]. Physical activity levels were measured as the duration of total physical activity (TPA), which is the sum of light-intensity physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, using a triaxial accelerometer during the first 7 days after admission. Outcome measures are represented as the relative gain of the motor score on functional independence measure (M-FIM effectiveness) during the first month after admission. The multiple regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, onset to admission intervals, motor paralysis, initial M-FIM, and cognitive FIM, showed that the duration of TPA in the first 7 days was significantly associated with the M-FIM effectiveness over the first month in both low GNRI [ B = 0.12, 95% confidential intervals (CI) = 0.01; 0.24, P = 0.049] and high GNRI group ( B = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.01; 0.21, P = 0.027). This study demonstrates a positive predictive association between early TPA level and functional recovery in stroke patients, irrespective of their nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kimura
- Department of Science and Engineering, Health Science and Technology Course, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama
- HEalth Promotional Physical Therapy for Stroke Survivors: HEPPS, Strategic Issues Resolution Commission, Japanese Society of Neurological Physical Therapy
| | - Yoshiki Suzuki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Japan Community Health Care Organization
| | - Marie Abe
- Department of Rehabilitation, Minamino Hospital, Eiseikai Association, Tokyo, Japan
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Haq Z, Nazir J, Manzoor T, Saleem A, Hamadani H, Khan AA, Saleem Bhat S, Jha P, Ahmad SM. Zoonotic spillover and viral mutations from low and middle-income countries: improving prevention strategies and bridging policy gaps. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17394. [PMID: 38827296 PMCID: PMC11144393 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing frequency of zoonotic spillover events and viral mutations in low and middle-income countries presents a critical global health challenge. Contributing factors encompass cultural practices like bushmeat consumption, wildlife trade for traditional medicine, habitat disruption, and the encroachment of impoverished settlements onto natural habitats. The existing "vaccine gap" in many developing countries exacerbates the situation by allowing unchecked viral replication and the emergence of novel mutant viruses. Despite global health policies addressing the root causes of zoonotic disease emergence, there is a significant absence of concrete prevention-oriented initiatives, posing a potential risk to vulnerable populations. This article is targeted at policymakers, public health professionals, researchers, and global health stakeholders, particularly those engaged in zoonotic disease prevention and control in low and middle-income countries. The article underscores the importance of assessing potential zoonotic diseases at the animal-human interface and comprehending historical factors contributing to spillover events. To bridge policy gaps, comprehensive strategies are proposed that include education, collaborations, specialized task forces, environmental sampling, and the establishment of integrated diagnostic laboratories. These strategies advocate simplicity and unity, breaking down barriers, and placing humanity at the forefront of addressing global health challenges. Such a strategic and mental shift is crucial for constructing a more resilient and equitable world in the face of emerging zoonotic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfqarul Haq
- ICMR project, Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Junaid Nazir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tasaduq Manzoor
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Afnan Saleem
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - H. Hamadani
- ICMR project, Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Azmat Alam Khan
- ICMR project, Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sahar Saleem Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Priyanka Jha
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Syed Mudasir Ahmad
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Bahadori A, Hanson B. Evaluation of consumer digital radon measurement devices: a comparative analysis. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2024; 44:021514. [PMID: 38749401 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ad4bf1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Kansas State University (KSU) Engineering Extension conducted an abridged evaluation of eight consumer grade digital radon monitors. Using the KSU secondary radon chamber, these devices were exposed to three different radon concentrations for 7 d in average household temperature and relative humidity conditions. The three different radon concentration ranges used were: 12.8 pCi L-1to 15.5 pCi L-1(473.6 Bq m-3-573.5 Bq m-3), 27.7 pCi L-1to 29.4 pCi L-1(1024.9-10 857.8 Bq m-3), and ambient room level average radon concentration of 0.6 pCi L-1(22.2 Bq m-3). The American National Standards Institute/American Academy of Radon Scientists and Technologists Performance Specifications for Instrumentation Systems Designed to Measure Radon Gas in Air (ANSI/AARST MS-PC) (ANSI/AARST MS-PC 2022Performance Specifications for Instrumentation Systems Designed to Measure Radon Gas in Air(AARST Radon Standards)) minimum performance metrics were used to evaluate the accuracy and precision of each model type for each radon concentration tested. The eight different device models performed within the 0 ± 25% requirement for the individual percent error (IPE) for radon concentrations between 27.7 pCi L-1and 29.4 pCi L-1(1024.9-10 857.8 Bq m-3). For radon concentrations between 12.8 pCi L-1and 15.5 pCi L-1(444-592 Bq m-3) seven of the eight monitors fell within the IPE requirement and for ambient room radon concentrations six of the eight monitors fell within the IPE requirement for the ANSI/AARST MS-PC minimum performance requirement (ANSI/AARST MS-PC 2022Performance Specifications for Instrumentation Systems Designed to Measure Radon Gas in Air(AARST Radon Standards)) ranges. All eight device models fell within the ± 15% ANSI/AARST MS-PC minimum performance requirement (ANSI/AARST MS-PC 2022Performance Specifications for Instrumentation Systems Designed to Measure Radon Gas in Air(AARST Radon Standards)) coefficient of variation (CV) range for radon concentrations between 12.8 pCi L-1and 15.5 pCi L-1(444-592 Bq m-3) and for radon concentrations between 27.7 pCi L-1and 29.4 pCi L-1(1024.9-10 857.8 Bq m-3). In the future, evaluating the performance of these models over time to observe their long term accuracy and precision is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bahadori
- Engineering Extension, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States of America
| | - Brian Hanson
- Engineering Extension, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States of America
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Weinberger T, Denise M, Joppich M, Fischer M, Garcia Rodriguez C, Kumaraswami K, Wimmler V, Ablinger S, Räuber S, Fang J, Liu L, Liu WH, Winterhalter J, Lichti J, Thomas L, Esfandyari D, Percin G, Matin S, Hidalgo A, Waskow C, Engelhardt S, Todica A, Zimmer R, Pridans C, Gomez Perdiguero E, Schulz C. Resident and recruited macrophages differentially contribute to cardiac healing after myocardial ischemia. eLife 2024; 12:RP89377. [PMID: 38775664 PMCID: PMC11111219 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac macrophages are heterogenous in phenotype and functions, which has been associated with differences in their ontogeny. Despite extensive research, our understanding of the precise role of different subsets of macrophages in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains incomplete. We here investigated macrophage lineages and ablated tissue macrophages in homeostasis and after I/R injury in a CSF1R-dependent manner. Genomic deletion of a fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus resulted in specific absence of resident homeostatic and antigen-presenting macrophages, without affecting the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the infarcted heart. Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodeling without influencing infarct size. In contrast, continuous CSF1R inhibition led to depletion of both resident and recruited macrophage populations. This augmented adverse remodeling after I/R and led to an increased infarct size and deterioration of cardiac function. In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodeling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. These findings attribute distinct beneficial effects to different macrophage populations in the context of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Weinberger
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules SouchesParisFrance
| | - Messerer Denise
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Markus Joppich
- LFE Bioinformatik, Department of Informatics, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Maximilian Fischer
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
| | - Clarisabel Garcia Rodriguez
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules SouchesParisFrance
| | - Konda Kumaraswami
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Vanessa Wimmler
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Sonja Ablinger
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Saskia Räuber
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Jiahui Fang
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Lulu Liu
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Wing Han Liu
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Julia Winterhalter
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Johannes Lichti
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Lukas Thomas
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
| | - Dena Esfandyari
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University MunichMunichGermany
| | - Guelce Percin
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz-Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann-Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
| | - Sandra Matin
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz-Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann-Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University MunichMunichGermany
| | - Andrei Todica
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Ralf Zimmer
- LFE Bioinformatik, Department of Informatics, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Clare Pridans
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research InstituteEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules SouchesParisFrance
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- Department of Immunopharmacology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
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Kleinig TJ, Abou-Hamden A, Laidlaw J, Churilov L, Kellner CP, Wu T, Mocco J, Lau H, Adamides A, Kavar B, Dimou J, Cranefield J, McDonald A, Plummer S, Davis S, Campbell BCV. Early minimally invasive intracerebral hemorrhage evacuation: a phase 2a feasibility, safety, and promise of surgical efficacy study. J Neurointerv Surg 2024; 16:555-558. [PMID: 37611941 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is unproven, although meta-analyses suggest that both early conventional surgery with craniotomy and minimally invasive surgery (MIS) may be beneficial. We aimed to demonstrate the safety, feasibility, and promise of efficacy of early MIS for ICH using the Aurora Surgiscope and Evacuator. METHODS We performed a prospective, single arm, phase IIa Simon's two stage design study at two stroke centers (10 patients with supratentorial ICH volumes ≥20 mL and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of ≥6, and surgery commencing <12 hours after onset). Positive outcome was defined as ≥50% 24 hour ICH volume reduction, with the safety outcome lack of significant ICH reaccumulation. RESULTS From December 2019 to July 2020, we enrolled 10 patients at two Australian Comprehensive Stroke Centers, median age 70 years (IQR 65-74), NIHSS score 19 (IQR 19-29), ICH volume 59 mL (IQR 25-77), at a median of 227 min (IQR 175-377) post-onset. MIS was commenced at a median time of 531 min (IQR 437-628) post-onset, had a median duration of 98 min (IQR 77-110), with a median immediate postoperative hematoma evacuation of 70% (IQR 67-80%). A positive outcome was achieved in 5/5 first stage patients and in 4/5 second stage patients. One patient developed significant 24 hour ICH reaccumulation; otherwise, 24 hour stability was observed (median reduction 71% (IQR 61-80), 5/9 patients <15 mL residual). Three patients died, unrelated to surgery. There were no surgical safety concerns. At 6 months, the median modified Rankin Scale score was 4 (IQR 3-6) with 30% achieving a score of 0-3. CONCLUSION In this study, early ICH MIS using the Aurora Surgiscope and Evacuator appeared to be feasible and safe, warranting further exploration. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12619001748101.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Kleinig
- Department of Neurology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Medicine, The University of Adelaide Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amal Abou-Hamden
- Neurosurgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Surgery, The University of Adelaide Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John Laidlaw
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leonid Churilov
- Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Teddy Wu
- Neurology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - J Mocco
- Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hui Lau
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexios Adamides
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bhadrakant Kavar
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Dimou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Cranefield
- Department of Neurology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amy McDonald
- Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stephanie Plummer
- Neurosurgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen Davis
- Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Bruce C V Campbell
- Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Adelaide, Australia
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Nawsherwan, Khan SA, Mubarik S, Le Z, Akbar F, Wang Y. Epidemiological trends and age-period-cohort effects on cardiovascular diseases burden attributable to ambient air pollution across BRICS. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11464. [PMID: 38769093 PMCID: PMC11106240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution raises the risk of deaths and morbidity worldwide. From 1990 to 2019, we observed the epidemiological trends and age-period-cohort effects on the cardiovascular diseases (CVD) burden attributable to ambient air pollution across Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS). The number of CVD deaths related to ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution increased nearly fivefold in China [5.0% (95% CI 4.7, 5.2)] and India [5.7% (95% CI 5.1, 6.3)] during the study period. The age-standardized CVD deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to ambient PM pollution significantly increased in India and China but decreased in Brazil and Russia. Due to air pollution, the relative risk (RR) of premature CVD mortality (< 70 years) was higher in Russia [RR 12.6 (95% CI 8.7, 17.30)] and India [RR 9.2 (95% CI 7.6, 11.20)]. A higher period risk (2015-2019) for CVD deaths was found in India [RR 1.4 (95% CI 1.4, 1.4)] followed by South Africa [RR 1.3 (95% CI 1.3, 1.3)]. Across the BRICS countries, the RR of CVD mortality markedly decreased from the old birth cohort to young birth cohorts. In conclusion, China and India showed an increasing trend of CVD mortality and morbidity due to ambient PM pollution and higher risk of premature CVD deaths were observed in Russia and India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawsherwan
- School of Medicine, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen, China.
| | - Shahzad Ali Khan
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Mubarik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhang Le
- School of Medicine, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen, China
| | - Fazli Akbar
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen, China.
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Hu S, Wu X, Jiang H. Trends and projections of the global burden of thyroid cancer from 1990 to 2030. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04084. [PMID: 38751316 PMCID: PMC11109522 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to explore the burden of thyroid cancer worldwide from 1990 to 2019 and to project its future trends from 2020 to 2030. Methods Based on annual data on thyroid cancer cases from 1990 to 2019 available in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, we calculated the age-standardised incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates for thyroid cancer. We used the estimated annual percentage change (EPAC) to quantify the temporal trends in these age-standardised rates from 1990 to 2019 and applied generalised additive models to project the disease burden from 2020 to 2030. Results The global age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) of thyroid cancer increased from 1990 to 2019, with a higher overall disease burden in women than in men at both study time points. The male-to-female ratios for the ASIR increased from 0.41 in 1990 to 0.51 in 2019, while the ratio for the age-standardised death rate (ASDR) increased from 0.60 to 0.82. The models predicted the United Arab Emirates would have the fastest rising trend in both the ASIR (estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) = 4.19) and age-standardised DALY rate (EAPC = 4.36) in 2020-30, while Saint Kitts and Nevis will have the fastest rising trend in the ASDR (EAPC = 2.29). Meanwhile, the growth trends for the ASDR and age-standardised DALY rate are projected to increase across countries in this period. A correlation analysis of the global burden of thyroid cancer between 1990-2019 and 2020-30 showed a significant positive correlation between the increase in the ASIR and socio-demographic index (SDI) in low-SDI and low-middle-SDI countries. Conclusions The global burden of thyroid cancer is increasing, especially in the female population and in low-middle-SDI regions, underscoring a need to target them for effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supei Hu
- Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Research and Education department, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xianjiang Wu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Vijayasurya, Gupta S, Shah S, Pappachan A. Drug repurposing for parasitic protozoan diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 207:23-58. [PMID: 38942539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Protozoan parasites are major hazards to human health, society, and the economy, especially in equatorial regions of the globe. Parasitic diseases, including leishmaniasis, malaria, and others, contribute towards majority of morbidity and mortality. Around 1.1 million people die from these diseases annually. The lack of licensed vaccinations worsens the worldwide impact of these diseases, highlighting the importance of safe and effective medications for their prevention and treatment. However, the appearance of drug resistance in parasites continuously affects the availability of medications. The demand for novel drugs motivates global antiparasitic drug discovery research, necessitating the implementation of many innovative ways to maintain a continuous supply of promising molecules. Drug repurposing has come out as a compelling tool for drug development, offering a cost-effective and efficient alternative to standard de novo approaches. A thorough examination of drug repositioning candidates revealed that certain drugs may not benefit significantly from their original indications. Still, they may exhibit more pronounced effects in other disorders. Furthermore, certain medications can produce a synergistic effect, resulting in enhanced therapeutic effectiveness when given together. In this chapter, we outline the approaches employed in drug repurposing (sometimes referred to as drug repositioning), propose novel strategies to overcome these hurdles and fully exploit the promise of drug repurposing. We highlight a few major human protozoan diseases and a range of exemplary drugs repurposed for various protozoan infections, providing excellent outcomes for each disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayasurya
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Swadha Gupta
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Smit Shah
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anju Pappachan
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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León-Figueroa DA, Aguirre-Milachay E, Barboza JJ, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Peruvian patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol 2024; 25:160. [PMID: 38730295 PMCID: PMC11088108 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03595-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a major challenge for public health, with hypertension and diabetes being the main causes of its occurrence. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in Peruvian patients with CKD. METHODS A systematic search for studies about CKD in Peru was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Scielo from 2011 to December 2023. The protocol of this research was registered in the international registry of systematic reviews, the Prospective International Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), with registration number CRD42023425118. Study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed independently by two authors. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Statistical Meta-Analysis Assessment and Review Instrument. A random-effects model with inverse variance weighting was used to estimate the combined prevalence of HTN and DM in Peruvian patients with CKD. To analyze data heterogeneity, the I2 statistical test was used. Statistical analysis was performed with R version 4.2.3. RESULTS A total of 1425 studies were retrieved, of which 23 were included in the final meta-analysis. A total of 43,321 patients with CKD were evaluated, of whom 52.22% were male and 47.78% were female. The combined prevalence of HTN in Peruvian patients with CKD was 38% (95% CI: 30-46%; 41,131 participants; 21 studies, I2 = 99%, p = 0), while the combined prevalence of DM in Peruvian patients with CKD was 33% (95% CI: 26-40%; 43,321 participants; 23 studies, I2 = 99%, p = 0). CONCLUSION Approximately one-third of Peruvian patients with CKD have HTN and DM. These findings highlight the importance of implementing prevention and control measures for these chronic noncommunicable diseases in the Peruvian population, such as promoting healthy lifestyles, encouraging early detection and proper management of hypertension and diabetes, and improving access to medical care and health services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshuan J Barboza
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, 15046, Peru
| | - Mario J Valladares-Garrido
- Universidad Continental, Lima, 15046, Peru.
- Oficina de Epidemiología, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo, 14012, Peru.
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de-Miguel-Diez J, Lopez-de-Andres A, Zamorano-Leon JJ, Hernández-Barrera V, Cuadrado-Corrales N, Jimenez-Sierra A, Jimenez-Garcia R, Carabantes-Alarcon D. Detrimental Impact of Atrial Fibrillation among Patients Hospitalized for Acute Exacerbation of COPD: Results of a Population-Based Study in Spain from 2016 to 2021. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2803. [PMID: 38792346 PMCID: PMC11121781 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: To analyze changes in the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD); to evaluate hospital outcomes according to AF status, assessing sex differences; to identify factors associated with AF presence; and to analyze variables associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM) in AE-COPD patients with AF. Methods: We used data from the Registry of Specialized Care Activity-Basic Minimum Data Set (RAE-CMBD) to select patients aged ≥40 years with COPD in Spain (2016-2021). We stratified the study population according to AF presence and sex. The propensity score matching (PSM) methodology was employed to create comparable groups based on age, admission year, and comorbidities at the time of hospitalization. Results: We identified 399,196 hospitalizations that met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 20.58% had AF. The prevalence of AF rose from 2016 to 2021 (18.26% to 20.95%), though the increase was only significant in men. The median length of hospital stay (LOHS) and IHM were significantly higher in patients with AF than in those without AF. After PSM, IHM remained significantly higher for man and women with AF. Older age, male sex, and several comorbidities were factors associated with AF. Additionally, older age, male sex, different comorbidities including COVID-19, hospitalization in the year 2020, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were associated with higher IHM in patients with AE-COPD and AF. Conclusions: AF prevalence was high in patients hospitalized for AE-COPD, was higher in men than in women, and increased over time. AF presence was associated with worse outcomes. The variables associated with IHM in hospitalized AE-COPD patients with AF were older age, male sex, different comorbidities including COVID-19 presence, hospitalization in the year 2020, need of mechanical ventilation, and ICU admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier de-Miguel-Diez
- Respiratory Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana Lopez-de-Andres
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.Z.-L.); (N.C.-C.); (R.J.-G.); (D.C.-A.)
| | - José J. Zamorano-Leon
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.Z.-L.); (N.C.-C.); (R.J.-G.); (D.C.-A.)
| | - Valentín Hernández-Barrera
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.Z.-L.); (N.C.-C.); (R.J.-G.); (D.C.-A.)
| | | | - Rodrigo Jimenez-Garcia
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.Z.-L.); (N.C.-C.); (R.J.-G.); (D.C.-A.)
| | - David Carabantes-Alarcon
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.Z.-L.); (N.C.-C.); (R.J.-G.); (D.C.-A.)
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Wu Y, Wu J, Xu N, Lin M, Yue W, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Li H. Clinical application value of metagenome next-generation sequencing in pulmonary diffuse exudative lesions: a retrospective study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1367885. [PMID: 38784566 PMCID: PMC11113015 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1367885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the clinical application value of Metagenome Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) for pulmonary diffuse exudative lesions. Methods From January 1, 2014, to November 31, 2021, 136 cases with chest radiologic presentations of pulmonary diffuse exudative lesions admitted to Fujian Provincial Hospital were included in the study; of those, 77 patients underwent mNGS pathogen detection. Based on the pathogen detection outcomes and clinical diagnoses, patients were categorized into an infection group (IG) and a non-infection group (NIG). A comparison was made between the diagnostic efficacy of the mNGS technique and traditional culture methods. Meanwhile, 59 patients clinically identified as having infectious pulmonary diffuse exudative lesions but who did not receive mNGS testing were designated as the non-NGS infection group (non-IG). A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients in both the IG and non-IG, with a 30-day all-cause mortality endpoint used for follow-up. Outcomes When compared to conventional culture methods, mNGS demonstrated an approximate 35% increase in sensitivity (80.0% vs 45.5%, P<0.001), without significant disparity in specificity (77.3% vs 95.5%, P=0.185). Under antibiotic exposure, the positivity rate detected by mNGS was notably higher than that by traditional culture methods, indicating that mNGS is less affected by exposure to antibiotics (P<0.05). Within 30 days, the all-cause mortality rate for patients in the IG versus the non-IG was 14.55% and 37.29%, respectively (P<0.05). Following a COX regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors, the analysis revealed that a CURB-65 score ≥3 points (HR=3.348, P=0.001) and existing cardiovascular disease (HR=2.473, P=0.026) were independent risk factors for these patients. Conversely, mNGS testing (HR=0.368, P=0.017) proved to be an independent protective factor. Conclusion mNGS technology makes it easier to pinpoint the cause of pulmonary diffuse infectious exudative lesions without much interference from antibiotics, helping doctors spot and diagnose these issues early on, thereby playing a key role in helping them decide the best treatment approach for patients. Such conclusions may have a bias, as the performance of traditional methods might be underestimated due to the absence of complete results from other conventional diagnostic techniques like serological testing and PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Nengluan Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ming Lin
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenxiang Yue
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yusheng Chen
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiongyao Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Big Data Engineering, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hongru Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Big Data Engineering, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Carrard J, Hofer M, Prechtl L, Fleischlin E, Huber M, Gallart-Ayala H, Teav T, Infanger D, Höchsmann C, Koehler K, Hinrichs T, Hanssen H, Ivanisevic J, Schmidt-Trucksäss A. Effect of an eight-week high-intensity interval training programme on circulating sphingolipid levels in middle-aged adults at elevated cardiometabolic risk (SphingoFIT)-Protocol for a randomised controlled exercise trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302477. [PMID: 38717997 PMCID: PMC11078397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence indicates that sphingolipid accumulation drives complex molecular alterations promoting cardiometabolic diseases. Clinically, it was shown that sphingolipids predict cardiometabolic risk independently of and beyond traditional biomarkers such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. To date, little is known about therapeutic modalities to lower sphingolipid levels. Exercise, a powerful means to prevent and treat cardiometabolic diseases, is a promising modality to mitigate sphingolipid levels in a cost-effective, safe, and patient-empowering manner. METHODS This randomised controlled trial will explore whether and to what extent an 8-week fitness-enhancing training programme can lower serum sphingolipid levels of middle-aged adults at elevated cardiometabolic risk (n = 98, 50% females). The exercise intervention will consist of supervised high-intensity interval training (three sessions weekly), while the control group will receive physical activity counselling based on current guidelines. Blood will be sampled early in the morning in a fasted state before and after the 8-week programme. Participants will be provided with individualised, pre-packaged meals for the two days preceding blood sampling to minimise potential confounding. An 'omic-scale sphingolipid profiling, using high-coverage reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, will be applied to capture the circulating sphingolipidome. Maximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests will be performed before and after the 8-week programme to assess patient fitness changes. Cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated haemoglobin, the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, static retinal vessel analysis, flow-mediated dilatation, and strain analysis of the heart cavities will also be assessed pre- and post-intervention. This study shall inform whether and to what extent exercise can be used as an evidence-based treatment to lower circulating sphingolipid levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06024291) on August 28, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Carrard
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- SportAdo Centre, Children and Adolescent Surgery, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Hofer
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Prechtl
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eva Fleischlin
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Huber
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tony Teav
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Infanger
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Höchsmann
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karsten Koehler
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Wang X, Li A, Fan H, Li Y, Yang N, Tang Y. Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Ischemic Stroke: Therapeutic Potential and Prospective. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1227-1254. [PMID: 37728588 PMCID: PMC11081164 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0823-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the world. Astrocytes are special glial cells within the central nervous system and play important roles in mediating neuroprotection and repair processes during stroke. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer particles released from cells that facilitate intercellular communication in stroke by delivering proteins, lipids, and RNA to target cells. Recently, accumulating evidence suggested that astrocyte-derived EVs (ADEVs) are actively involved in mediating numerous biological processes including neuroprotection and neurorepair in stroke and they are realized as an excellent therapeutic approach for treating stroke. In this review we systematically summarize the up-to-date research on ADEVs in stroke, and prospects for its potential as a novel therapeutic target for stroke. We also provide an overview of the effects and functions of ADEVs on stroke recovery, which may lead to developing clinically relevant therapies for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Wang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Aihua Li
- Department of rehabilitation medicine, Jinan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Huaju Fan
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanyan Li
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| | - Nana Yang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yaohui Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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141
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Airoldi EM, Christakis NA. Induction of social contagion for diverse outcomes in structured experiments in isolated villages. Science 2024; 384:eadi5147. [PMID: 38696582 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi5147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Certain people occupy topological positions within social networks that enhance their effectiveness at inducing spillovers. We mapped face-to-face networks among 24,702 people in 176 isolated villages in Honduras and randomly assigned villages to targeting methods, varying the fraction of households receiving a 22-month health education package and the method by which households were chosen (randomly versus using the friendship-nomination algorithm). We assessed 117 diverse knowledge, attitude, and practice outcomes. Friendship-nomination targeting reduced the number of households needed to attain specified levels of village-wide uptake. Knowledge spread more readily than behavior, and spillovers extended to two degrees of separation. Outcomes that were intrinsically easier to adopt also manifested greater spillovers. Network targeting using friendship nomination effectively promotes population-wide improvements in welfare through social contagion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo M Airoldi
- Department of Statistics, Operations, and Data Science, Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Data Science Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Nicholas A Christakis
- Yale Institute for Network Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Sociology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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142
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Chen R, Ni K, Ji C, Liu Z, Yu Y, Liu G, Yang J, Wang Z. Effects of co-application of tiotropium bromide and traditional Chinese medicine on patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a muilticenter, randomized, controlled trial study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1289928. [PMID: 38765259 PMCID: PMC11099264 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1289928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, and treatable disease. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has shown promising potential in COPD treatment. and we conducted a multi-center RCT to evaluate the effectiveness of TCM-based therapy in stable COPD patients. Methods In this multicenter, double-blind RCT, a total of 200 patients were supposed to be assigned to either trial or control group randomly. Both groups received Tiotropium (18 μg) from month 0 to month 12. Trial group received additional TCM granules, while control group received a placebo from month 0 to month 6. Symptom assessment, total effective rate, lung function measurements, hospitalization rates, and quality of life were evaluated at month 0, month 6, and month 12. Adverse events were assessed at month 12. Results Of the initial 105 patients (aged 40-80) who completed the study, 51 were in trial group and 54 were in control group. At month 6, significant differences were observed between two groups in total effective rate (p = 0.020), sputum score (p = 0.047), changes in FVC% (p = 0.047) and FEV1 (p = 0.046). At month 12, significant differences were observed in sputum score (p = 0.020), FVC (p = 0.042), and change in FEV1 (p = 0.013). Compared to baseline, they both demonstrated improvements in symptoms, acute exacerbation, lung function, quality of life, and exercise tolerance. Conclusion TCM treatment effectively improved total effective rate, sputum symptom, FVC%, FEV1, and exhibited prolonged efficacy in improving sputum symptoms and FEV1 in stable COPD patients.Clinical trial registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=6029 identifier ChiCTR-TRC-13003531.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Chen
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiwen Ni
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Conghua Ji
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Yali Yu
- Ningbo Municipal Hospital of TCM, Ningbo, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Wenzhou TCM hospital of Zhejiang Chinese medical university, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junchao Yang
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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Kawakami K, Matsuo H, Kajitani N, Matsumoto KI. Treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats during pregnancy and lactation with the antioxidant tempol lowers blood pressure and reduces oxidative stress. Exp Anim 2024; 73:136-144. [PMID: 37821385 PMCID: PMC11091351 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.23-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors interact in a complex manner in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension in humans. Oxidative stress is considered one of the more important environmental factors. We used the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model to test whether continuous feeding with the antioxidant tempol reduces maternal oxidative stress during pregnancy and potentially contributes to the prevention of cardiovascular disease onset. Pregnant female rats were divided into control and tempol-treated groups. Tempol was continuously administered in drinking water. The administration period lasted approximately 40 days, from the confirmation of a vaginal plug until birth of the pups and their subsequent weaning. The blood pressure (BP) of each adult female was measured three times during pregnancy and post parturition. Milk was collected three times from nursing mother rats in the immediate postpartum period. Markers of oxidative stress were measured: 8-hydroxyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in milk during the experimental period and 8-OHdG and corticosterone levels in urine of adult and neonatal rats. The urinary level of 8-OHdG in the tempol-treated group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Corticosterone levels were significantly lower in urine of neonatal rats from the tempol-treated group compared with the levels of the control group. The levels of total antioxidant in milk were significantly greater in the tempol-treated group than in the control group. This study demonstrated that continuous administration of tempol to pregnant SHRs reduced maternal oxidative stress and contributed to reduced oxidative stress in neonatal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kawakami
- Department of Experimental Animals, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsuo
- Department of Experimental Animals, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Naoyo Kajitani
- Department of Experimental Animals, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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Jones B, Ryan M, Cook NS, Gutzwiller FS. Development of a disease-specific health utility score for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from a discrete choice experiment patient preference study. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2024; 40:e30. [PMID: 38695141 DOI: 10.1017/s0266462324000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While patient input to health technology assessment (HTA) has traditionally been of a qualitative nature, there is increasing interest to integrate quantitative evidence from patient preference studies into HTA decision making. Preference data can be used to generate disease-specific health utility data. We generated a health utility score for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and consider its use within HTAs. METHODS Based on qualitative research, six symptoms were identified as important to COPD patients: shortness of breath, exacerbations, chronic cough, mucus secretion, sleep disturbance, and urinary incontinence. We employed a discrete choice experiment (DCE) and the random parameter logistic regression technique to estimate utility scores for all COPD health states. The relationship between patients' COPD health utility scores, self-perceived COPD severity, and EQ-5D-3L utility scores was analyzed, with data stratified according to disease severity and comorbidity subgroups. RESULTS The COPD health utility score had face validity, with utility scores negatively correlated with patients' self-perceived COPD severity. The correlation between the COPD health utility scores and EQ-5D-3L values was only moderate. While patient EQ-5D-3L scores were impacted by comorbidities, the COPD health utility score was less impacted by comorbid conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our COPD utility measure, derived from a DCE, provides a patient-centered health utility score and is more sensitive to the COPD health of the individual and less sensitive to other comorbidities. This disease-specific instrument should be considered alongside generic health-related quality of life instruments when valuing new COPD therapies in submissions to licensing and reimbursement agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Jones
- Patient Engagement Science, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mandy Ryan
- Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Nigel S Cook
- Global Patient Engagement, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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Koarai A, Yamada M, Ichikawa T, Fujino N, Sugiura H. Treatment with systemic corticosteroid versus placebo for exacerbations of COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Investig 2024; 62:503-511. [PMID: 38599052 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the treatment of COPD exacerbations, systemic corticosteroids are recommended in addition to short-acting bronchodilators. Although there have been several systemic reviews, many of the included studies were conducted before 2007 and a re-evaluation has not been performed since 2014. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of systemic corticosteroids in patients with COPD during exacerbations. METHODS We searched relevant randomized control trials (RCTs) and analyzed the treatment failure, relapse, lung function, improvement in PaO2 and PaCO2, dyspnea, quality of life (QOL), length of stay in hospital and adverse events including hyperglycemia and mortality as the outcomes of interest. RESULTS We identified a total of 12 RCTs (N = 1336). Systemic corticosteroids significantly reduced the treatment failure (odds ratios; OR 0.41, 95% confidence intervals; CI 0.25 to 0.67) and hospital length of stay (mean difference; MD -1.57 days, 95% CI -2.36 to -0.78) and improved FEV1 (MD 0.18 L, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.28) and dyspnea (transitional dyspnea index; MD 1.90, 95% CI 0.26 to 3.54) in COPD exacerbations compared to placebo. However, systemic corticosteroids were associated with a significantly higher incidence of adverse events (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.69) and hyperglycemia (OR 2.94, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.14). CONCLUSIONS In patients with moderate and severe COPD and severe obstructive impairment during exacerbations, systemic corticosteroids cause more adverse events, including hyperglycemia, than placebo but significantly reduce the treatment failure and hospital length of stay and improve FEV1 and dyspnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Koarai
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asutonagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8502, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ichikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Naoya Fujino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Sugiura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
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146
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Ge L, Wang N, Chen Z, Xu S, Zhou L. Expression of Siglec-9 in peripheral blood neutrophils was increased and associated with disease severity in patients with AECOPD. Cytokine 2024; 177:156558. [PMID: 38412768 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis and treatment strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) require further exploration. Abnormal neutrophil inflammation and the overexpression of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are closely associated with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). Siglec-9, a specific receptor expressed on neutrophils that inhibits their function, prompted us to investigate its relationship with NETs found in induced sputum and the severity of the disease. METHODS We collected clinical data from patients with AECOPD and assessed the expression of Siglec-9 in peripheral blood neutrophils and the presence of NETs in induced sputum. We then observed the correlation between Siglec-9, the inflammatory response, and the severity of AECOPD. RESULTS We observed an increase in the expression of Siglec-9 in the peripheral blood neutrophils of patients with AECOPD. Concurrently, these patients exhibited more severe clinical symptoms, higher systemic inflammation levels, and a reduced quality of life compared to those with induced sputum NET expression. Further subgroup analysis of AECOPD patients with high Siglec-9 expression revealed worsened quality of life and more severe inflammation, particularly in indicators such as the BODE index, CRP, peripheral blood neutrophil count, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α expression, and others. Furthermore, we noted a significant increase in NET-specific expression in the sputum of patients with high Siglec-9 expression levels. In comparison to patients with low Siglec-9 expression, those with high expression experienced more systemic inflammatory reactions and a lower quality of life. Correlation analysis of the aforementioned indicators revealed that the expression ratio of Siglec-9 in the peripheral blood of patients correlated with lung function, quality of life, and NETs in the induced sputum of patients with AECOPD. CONCLUSION The increased expression of Siglec-9 in peripheral blood neutrophils of AECOPD patients leads to elevated NET expression in induced sputum, exacerbating the systemic inflammatory response and worsening lung function and quality of life in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyang Ge
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Gaochun Hospital, Jiangsu University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Gaochun Hospital, Jiangsu University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuanglan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linfu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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147
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Wendelboe A, Weitz JI. Global Health Burden of Venous Thromboembolism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1007-1011. [PMID: 38657032 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.320151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Wendelboe
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (A.W.)
| | - Jeffrey I Weitz
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.I.W.)
- Department of Medicine (J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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148
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Gagnon E, Girard A, Bourgault J, Abner E, Gill D, Thériault S, Vohl MC, Tchernof A, Esko T, Mathieu P, Arsenault BJ. Genetic assessment of efficacy and safety profiles of coagulation cascade proteins identifies Factors II and XI as actionable anticoagulant targets. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2024; 4:oeae043. [PMID: 38933427 PMCID: PMC11200102 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Aims Anticoagulants are routinely used by millions of patients worldwide to prevent blood clots. Yet, problems with anticoagulant therapy remain, including a persistent and cumulative bleeding risk in patients undergoing prolonged anticoagulation. New safer anticoagulant targets are needed. Methods and results To prioritize anticoagulant targets with the strongest efficacy [venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention] and safety (low bleeding risk) profiles, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization and genetic colocalization. We leveraged three large-scale plasma protein data sets (deCODE as discovery data set and Fenland and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities as replication data sets] and one liver gene expression data set (Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec bariatric biobank) to evaluate evidence for a causal effect of 26 coagulation cascade proteins on VTE from a new genome-wide association meta-analysis of 44 232 VTE cases and 847 152 controls, stroke subtypes, bleeding outcomes, and parental lifespan as an overall measure of efficacy/safety ratio. A 1 SD genetically predicted reduction in F2 blood levels was associated with lower risk of VTE [odds ratio (OR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.38-0.51, P = 2.6e-28] and cardioembolic stroke risk (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.39-0.76, P = 4.2e-04) but not with bleeding (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.93-1.36, P = 2.2e-01). Genetically predicted F11 reduction was associated with lower risk of VTE (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.58-0.64, P = 4.1e-85) and cardioembolic stroke (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.69-0.86, P = 4.1e-06) but not with bleeding (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.95-1.08, P = 7.5e-01). These Mendelian randomization associations were concordant across the three blood protein data sets and the hepatic gene expression data set as well as colocalization analyses. Conclusion These results provide strong genetic evidence that F2 and F11 may represent safe and efficacious therapeutic targets to prevent VTE and cardioembolic strokes without substantially increasing bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Gagnon
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Y-3106, Pavillon Marguerite D'Youville, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V 4G5
| | - Arnaud Girard
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Y-3106, Pavillon Marguerite D'Youville, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V 4G5
| | - Jérôme Bourgault
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Y-3106, Pavillon Marguerite D'Youville, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V 4G5
| | - Erik Abner
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Y-3106, Pavillon Marguerite D'Youville, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V 4G5
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sébastien Thériault
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Y-3106, Pavillon Marguerite D'Youville, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V 4G5
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - André Tchernof
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Y-3106, Pavillon Marguerite D'Youville, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V 4G5
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Y-3106, Pavillon Marguerite D'Youville, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V 4G5
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Benoit J Arsenault
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Y-3106, Pavillon Marguerite D'Youville, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V 4G5
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
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Li X, Lin H, Yu Y, Lu Y, He B, Liu M, Zhuang L, Xu Y, Li W. In Situ Rapid-Formation Sprayable Hydrogels for Challenging Tissue Injury Management. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400310. [PMID: 38298099 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Rapid-acting, convenient, and broadly applicable medical materials are in high demand for the treatment of extensive and intricate tissue injuries in extremely medical scarcity environment, such as battlefields, wilderness, and traffic accidents. Conventional biomaterials fail to meet all the high criteria simultaneously for emergency management. Here, a multifunctional hydrogel system capable of rapid gelation and in situ spraying, addressing clinical challenges related to hemostasis, barrier establishment, support, and subsequent therapeutic treatment of irregular, complex, and urgent injured tissues, is designed. This hydrogel can be fast formed in less than 0.5 s under ultraviolet initiation. The precursor maintains an impressively low viscosity of 0.018 Pa s, while the hydrogel demonstrates a storage modulus of 0.65 MPa, achieving the delicate balance between sprayable fluidity and the mechanical strength requirements in practice, allowing flexible customization of the hydrogel system for differentiated handling and treatment of various tissues. Notably, the interactions between the component of this hydrogel and the cell surface protein confer upon its inherently bioactive functionalities such as osteogenesis, anti-inflammation, and angiogenesis. This research endeavors to provide new insights and designs into emergency management and complex tissue injuries treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, P. R. China
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis-Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Han Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Yukun Lu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Bin He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Meng Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhuang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photovoltaics Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Weichang Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, P. R. China
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Mumit Sarkar A, Al Mukit A, Bari T, Islam R, Islam S, Sarker K, Chowdhury M, Harun Or Rashid M, Alim A. Association of low serum 25-Hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) d] with hepatic encephalopathy in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Arab J Gastroenterol 2024; 25:182-187. [PMID: 38458876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The mechanism of hepatic encephalopathy is complex and has not been conclusively established. Recent studies support lower serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D [25(OH) D] levels in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum 25(OH) D and hepatic encephalopathy in patients with decompensated cirrhosis of liver. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 70 cirrhosis patients (35 cases of hepatic encephalopathy and 35 patients without encephalopathy as control, mean age 53.07 ± 12.99 years, 67 % male) were recruited for this study. Assessment of the severity of cirrhosis was done by using a model for end-stage liver disease(MELD) and Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) scores, and assessment of the severity of hepatic encephalopathy was done according to West Haven criteria. Serum 25 (OH) D level was measured by Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immuno Assay(CMIA). RESULTS The mean serum 25(OH) D level among hepatic encephalopathy patients was significantly lower in comparison to the control group without encephalopathy (18.76 ± 8.84 nmol/L vs 31.19 ± 13.9 nmol/L, P<0.0001). 91.4 % of hepatic encephalopathy patients had moderate to severe 25(OH)D deficiency as compared to 51.4 % in the control group. There was a significant correlation observed between the severity of the 25 (OH) D deficiency and the severity of liver disease (r = - 0.35, P = 0.002). No statistically significant difference in serum 25(OH) D levels was found among patients with different hepatic encephalopathy grades (P = 0.416). CONCLUSION A significant association was found between a low serum 25(OH) D leveland hepatic encephalopathy. It requires further large-scale multicenter studies to establish it as a risk factor and predictor of hepatic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tanzilul Bari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rajshahi Medical College, Bangladesh
| | - Rofiqul Islam
- Department of Hepatology, Rajshahi Medical College, Bangladesh
| | - Shafiqul Islam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rajshahi Medical College, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Abdul Alim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rajshahi Medical College, Bangladesh
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