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Guo Y, Wang L, Qi Z, Liu Y, Tian K, Qiang H, Wang P, Zhou G, Zhang X, Xu S. A novel strategy for orthogonal genetic regulation on different RNA targeted loci simultaneously. RNA Biol 2022; 19:1172-1178. [PMID: 36350790 PMCID: PMC9648401 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2022.2141507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
No current RNA-targeted interference tools have been reported to simultaneously up and down-regulate different gene expressions. Here we characterized an RNA-targeted genetic regulatory strategy composed of a flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) and specific mis-hairpin DNA probes (mis-hpDNA), to realize the orthogonal genetic regulation. By targeting mRNA, the strategy hindered the translation and silenced genes in human cells with efficiencies of ~60%. By targeting miRNA, the strategy prevented the combination of miRNA to its specific mRNA and increased this mRNA expression by about 3-folds. In combination, we simultaneously performed CXCR4 gene knock-down (~50%) and EGFR gene activation (1.5-folds) in human cells. Although the functional property can be further improved, this RNA-targeted orthogonal genetic regulating strategy is complementary to classical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Guo
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China,School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China,Institute of Binjiang, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zhen Qi
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China,Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Kun Tian
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Huanran Qiang
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Guohua Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China,CONTACT Xiaobo Zhang School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Shu Xu
- School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China,Shu Xu School of Basic Medical Science and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
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102
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Mir FA, Mall R, Iskandarani A, Ullah E, Samra TA, Cyprian F, Parray A, Alkasem M, Abdalhakam I, Farooq F, Abou-Samra AB. Characteristic MicroRNAs Linked to Dysregulated Metabolic Pathways in Qatari Adult Subjects With Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937089. [PMID: 35937842 PMCID: PMC9352892 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-associated dysglycemia is associated with metabolic disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known regulators of metabolic homeostasis. We aimed to assess the relationship of circulating miRNAs with clinical features in obese Qatari individuals. METHODS We analyzed a dataset of 39 age-matched patients that includes 18 subjects with obesity only (OBO) and 21 subjects with obesity and metabolic syndrome (OBM). We measured 754 well-characterized human microRNAs (miRNAs) and identified differentially expressed miRNAs along with their significant associations with clinical markers in these patients. RESULTS A total of 64 miRNAs were differentially expressed between metabolically healthy obese (OBO) versus metabolically unhealthy obese (OBM) patients. Thirteen out of 64 miRNAs significantly correlated with at least one clinical trait of the metabolic syndrome. Six out of the thirteen demonstrated significant association with HbA1c levels; miR-331-3p, miR-452-3p, and miR-485-5p were over-expressed, whereas miR-153-3p, miR-182-5p, and miR-433-3p were under-expressed in the OBM patients with elevated HbA1c levels. We also identified, miR-106b-3p, miR-652-3p, and miR-93-5p that showed a significant association with creatinine; miR-130b-5p, miR-363-3p, and miR-636 were significantly associated with cholesterol, whereas miR-130a-3p was significantly associated with LDL. Additionally, miR-652-3p's differential expression correlated significantly with HDL and creatinine. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNAs associated with metabolic syndrome in obese subjects may have a pathophysiologic role and can serve as markers for obese individuals predisposed to various metabolic diseases like diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayaz Ahmad Mir
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raghvendra Mall
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ahmad Iskandarani
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ehsan Ullah
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tareq A Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Farhan Cyprian
- College of Medicine, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aijaz Parray
- Qatar Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Meis Alkasem
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahem Abdalhakam
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Faisal Farooq
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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103
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Liu X, Zhang M, Chen Z, Cui J, Yang L, Lu Z, Qi F, Wang H. Photothermal Detection of MicroRNA Using a Horseradish Peroxidase-Encapsulated DNA Hydrogel With a Portable Thermometer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:799370. [PMID: 34966730 PMCID: PMC8710733 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.799370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) detection has attracted widespread interest as a tumor detection marker. In this work, a miRNA-responsive visual and temperature sensitive probe composed of a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-encapsulated DNA hydrogel was designed and synthesized. The biosensor converted the miRNA hybridization signal to a photothermal effect which was measured using a digital thermometer. The substrate DNA linker strand of the hydrogel hybridizes with different sequences of miRNA resulting in the collapse of the hydrogel and the release of HRP. HRP oxidizes 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) resulting in a color change and a strong photothermal effect was observed after shining near-infrared light on the oxidized product. The thermometer-based readout method has a wide linear range (0.5-4.0 µM) and a limit of detection limit of 7.8 nM which is comparable with traditional UV-vis absorption spectrometry detection and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction methods. The low cost, ease of operation, and high sensitivity shows that this biosensor has potential for point-of-care biomolecular detection and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Meixiang Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Ze Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jiuqing Cui
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Petrochina Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Long Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zihe Lu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Fang Qi
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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104
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Thibonnier M, Ghosh S, Blanchard A. Effects of a short-term cold exposure on circulating microRNAs and metabolic parameters in healthy adult subjects. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:548-562. [PMID: 34921497 PMCID: PMC8743656 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This discovery study investigated in healthy subjects whether a short‐term cold exposure may alter circulating microRNAs and metabolic parameters and if co‐expression networks between these factors could be identified. This open randomized crossover (cold vs no cold exposure) study with blind end‐ point evaluation was conducted at 1 center with 10 healthy adult male volunteers. Wearing a cooling vest perfused at 14°C for 2 h reduced the local skin temperature without triggering shivering, increased norepinephrine and blood pressure while decreasing copeptin, C‐peptide and heart rate. Circulating microRNAs measured before and after wearing the cooling vest twice (4 time points) identified 196 mature microRNAs with excellent reproducibility over 72 h. Significant correlations of microRNA expression with copeptin, norepinephrine and C‐peptide were found. A co‐expression‐based microRNA‐microRNA network, as well as microRNA pairs displaying differential correlation as a function of temperature were also detected. This study demonstrates that circulating miRNAs are differentially expressed and coregulated upon cold exposure in humans, supporting their use as predictive and dynamic biomarkers of cardio‐metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore.,Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Anne Blanchard
- Clinical Investigation Center, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
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105
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Abstract
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common cause of chronic liver disease, worldwide. The molecular pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex, involving numerous signalling molecules including microRNAs (miRNAs). Dysregulation of miRNA expression is associated with hepatic inflammation, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although miRNAs are also critical to the cellular response to vitamin D, mediating regulation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D’s anticancer effects, a role for vitamin D regulated miRNAs in NAFLD pathogenesis has been relatively unexplored. Therefore, this review aimed to critically assess the evidence for a potential subset of miRNAs that are both dysregulated in NAFLD and modulated by vitamin D. Comprehensive review of 89 human studies identified 25 miRNAs found dysregulated in more than one NAFLD study. In contrast, only 17 studies, including a protocol for a trial in NAFLD, had examined miRNAs in relation to vitamin D status, response to supplementation, or vitamin D in the context of the liver. This paper summarises these data and reviews the biological roles of six miRNAs (miR-21, miR-30, miR-34, miR-122, miR-146, miR-200) found dysregulated in multiple independent NAFLD studies. While modulation of miRNAs by vitamin D has been understudied, integrating the data suggests seven vitamin D modulated miRNAs (miR-27, miR-125, miR-155, miR-192, miR-223, miR-375, miR-378) potentially relevant to NAFLD pathogenesis. Our summary tables provide a significant resource to underpin future hypothesis-driven research, and we conclude that the measurement of serum and hepatic miRNAs in response to vitamin D supplementation in larger trials is warranted.
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106
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Hong P, Yu M, Tian W. Diverse RNAs in adipose-derived extracellular vesicles and their therapeutic potential. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:665-677. [PMID: 34703651 PMCID: PMC8516999 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue, which is considered an energy storage and active endocrine organ, produces and secretes a large amount of adipokines to regulate distant targets through blood circulation, especially extracellular vesicles (EVs). As cell-derived, membranous nanoparticles, EVs have recently garnered great attention as novel mediators in establishing intercellular communications as well as in accelerating interorgan crosstalk. Studies have revealed that the RNAs, including coding RNAs (messenger RNAs) and noncoding RNAs (long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs) are key bioactive cargoes of EV functions in various pathophysiological processes, such as cell differentiation, metabolic homeostasis, immune signal transduction, and cancer. Moreover, certain EV-contained RNAs have gradually been recognized as novel biomarkers, prognostic indicators, or even therapeutic nanodrugs of diseases. Therefore, in this review, we comprehensively summarize different classes of RNAs presented in adipose-derived EVs and discuss their therapeutic potential according to the latest research progress to provide valuable knowledge in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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107
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Schinzari F, Tesauro M, Cardillo C. Vasodilator Dysfunction in Human Obesity: Established and Emerging Mechanisms. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:S40-S52. [PMID: 34840258 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Human obesity is associated with insulin resistance and often results in a number of metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular complications. Over the past decades, substantial advances in the understanding of the cellular and molecular pathophysiological pathways underlying the obesity-related vascular dysfunction have facilitated better identification of several players participating in this abnormality. However, the complex interplay between the disparate mechanisms involved has not yet been fully elucidated. Moreover, in medical practice, the clinical syndromes stemming from obesity-related vascular dysfunction still carry a substantial burden of morbidity and mortality; thus, early identification and personalized clinical management seem of the essence. Here, we will initially describe the alterations of intravascular homeostatic mechanisms occurring in arteries of obese patients. Then, we will briefly enumerate those recognized causative factors of obesity-related vasodilator dysfunction, such as vascular insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, visceral adipose tissue expansion, and perivascular adipose tissue abnormalities; next, we will discuss in greater detail some emerging pathophysiological mechanisms, including skeletal muscle inflammation, signals from gut microbiome, and the role of extracellular vesicles and microRNAs. Finally, it will touch on some gaps in knowledge, as well as some current acquisitions for specific treatment regimens, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 enhancers and sodium-glucose transporter2 inhibitors, that could arrest or slow the progression of this abnormality full of unwanted consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; and
| | - Carmine Cardillo
- Department of Aging, Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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108
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Majka M, Kleibert M, Wojciechowska M. Impact of the Main Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Plasma Extracellular Vesicles and Their Influence on the Heart's Vulnerability to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2021; 10:3331. [PMID: 34943838 PMCID: PMC8699798 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of cardiovascular deaths are associated with acute coronary syndrome, especially ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Therapeutic reperfusion alone can contribute up to 40 percent of total infarct size following coronary artery occlusion, which is called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Its size depends on many factors, including the main risk factors of cardiovascular mortality, such as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, smoking, and total cholesterol level as well as obesity, diabetes, and physical effort. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-coated particles released by every type of cell, which can carry content that affects the functioning of other tissues. Their role is essential in the communication between healthy and dysfunctional cells. In this article, data on the variability of the content of EVs in patients with the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors is presented, and their influence on IRI is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Majka
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Marcin Kleibert
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Wojciechowska
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
- Invasive Cardiology Unit, Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II, Daleka 11, 05-825 Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
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109
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Shen L, Gan M, Chen L, Zhao Y, Niu L, Tang G, Jiang Y, Zhang T, Zhang S, Zhu L. miR-152 targets pyruvate kinase to regulate the glycolytic activity of pig skeletal muscles and affects pork quality. Meat Sci 2021; 185:108707. [PMID: 35032684 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As a type of non-coding RNA, microRNAs are widely involved in the biological processes of animals. In the present study, the expression of miR-152 in glycolytic muscle fibers (Longissimus thoracis, LT) was lower than that of oxidative muscle fibers (Psoas major, PM). Using dual luciferase assay, miR-152 was shown to target muscle pyruvate kinase (PKM) to perform biological functions. Moreover, overexpression of miR-152 in primary porcine cells inhibited PKM gene expression and reduced lactic acid production in cells, whereas inhibition of miR-152 expression promoted PKM gene expression and increased lactic acid production. Correlation analysis showed that the expression of miR-152 was significantly positively correlated with the ultimate pH of LT after slaughter, while the expression of the PKM gene was significantly negatively correlated with the final pH of LT. In vivo and in vitro experiments discussed herein suggest that miR-152 may affect muscle pH by targeting the expression of the PKM gene. Our findings enrich the understanding of the genetic regulatory network that influences pork quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyuan Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Mailin Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Lili Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Tinghuan Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Rongchang County, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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110
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Gao W, Liu JL, Lu X, Yang Q. Epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:480-499. [PMID: 34289049 PMCID: PMC8530523 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally. Although modern adoption of a sedentary lifestyle coupled with energy-dense nutrition is considered to be the main cause of obesity epidemic, genetic preposition contributes significantly to the imbalanced energy metabolism in obesity. However, the variants of genetic loci identified from large-scale genetic studies do not appear to fully explain the rapid increase in obesity epidemic in the last four to five decades. Recent advancements of next-generation sequencing technologies and studies of tissue-specific effects of epigenetic factors in metabolic organs have significantly advanced our understanding of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. The epigenome, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA-mediated processes, is characterized as mitotically or meiotically heritable changes in gene function without alteration of DNA sequence. Importantly, epigenetic modifications are reversible. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the landscape of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism could unravel novel molecular targets for obesity treatment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation, and RNA-mediated processes in regulating energy metabolism. We also discuss the effects of lifestyle modifications and therapeutic agents on epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, UC Irvine Diabetes Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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111
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Nguyen MT, Lee W. Role of MiR-325-3p in the Regulation of CFL2 and Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102725. [PMID: 34685705 PMCID: PMC8534702 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal myogenesis is required to maintain muscle mass and integrity, and impaired myogenesis is causally linked to the etiology of muscle wasting. Recently, it was shown that excessive uptake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of muscle wasting. Although microRNA (miRNA) is implicated in the regulation of myogenesis, the molecular mechanism whereby SFA-induced miRNAs impair myogenic differentiation remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the regulatory roles of miR-325-3p on CFL2 expression and myogenic differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts. PA impeded myogenic differentiation, concomitantly suppressed CFL2 and induced miR-325-3p. Dual-luciferase analysis revealed that miR-325-3p directly targets the 3'UTR of CFL2, thereby suppressing the expression of CFL2, a crucial factor for actin dynamics. Transfection with miR-325-3p mimic resulted in the accumulation of actin filaments (F-actin) and nuclear Yes-associated protein (YAP) in myoblasts and promoted myoblast proliferation and cell cycle progression. Consequently, miR-325-3p mimic significantly attenuated the expressions of myogenic factors and thereby impaired the myogenic differentiation of myoblasts. The roles of miR-325-3p on CFL2 expression, F-actin modulation, and myogenic differentiation suggest a novel miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism of myogenesis and PA-inducible miR-325-3p may be a critical mediator between obesity and muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea;
| | - Wan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea;
- Channelopathy Research Center, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Goyang 10326, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-54-770-2409
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112
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Palmitic Acid-Induced miR-429-3p Impairs Myoblast Differentiation by Downregulating CFL2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010972. [PMID: 34681631 PMCID: PMC8535884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are known to play a critical role in skeletal myogenesis and maintenance, and cofilin-2 (CFL2) is necessary for actin cytoskeleton dynamics and myogenic differentiation. Nonetheless, target molecules and the modes of action of miRNAs, especially those responsible for the inhibitory mechanism on the myogenesis by saturated fatty acids (SFA) or obesity, still remain unclear. Here, we reported the role played by miR-429-3p on CFL2 expression, actin filament dynamics, myoblast proliferation, and myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells. Palmitic acid (PA), the most abundant SFA in diet, inhibited the myogenic differentiation of myoblasts, accompanied by CFL2 reduction and miR-429-3p induction. Interestingly, miR-429-3p suppressed the expression of CFL2 by targeting the 3'UTR of CFL2 mRNA directly. Transfection of miR-429-3p mimic in myoblasts increased F-actin formation and augmented nuclear YAP level, thereby promoting cell cycle progression and myoblast proliferation. Moreover, miR-429-3p mimic drastically suppressed the expressions of myogenic factors, such as MyoD, MyoG, and MyHC, and impaired myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Therefore, this study unveiled the crucial role of miR-429-3p in myogenic differentiation through the suppression of CFL2 and provided implications of SFA-induced miRNA in the regulation of actin dynamics and skeletal myogenesis.
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113
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Dou L. miR-552 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancer cells through targeting MUC15 pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:6094-6104. [PMID: 34539882 PMCID: PMC8425207 DOI: 10.7150/jca.56098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence and drug resistance of malignant tumors. The tumor-promoting role of miR-552 has been evidenced in multiple tumors. Yet, the relevance of miR-552 in cervical cancer remains undetermined. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-552 in cervical cancer proliferation and metastasis. Herein, we for first found that miR-552 expression was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues compared with their normal controls. Functional assays revealed that miR-552 promoted the proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancer cells. Mechanically, bioinformatics and luciferase reporter analysis identified MUC15 as a direct target of miR-552. Reduced MUC15 expression was detected in cervical cancer, and MUC15 overexpression exhibited a tumor-suppressive effect. MUC15 restoration partially abolished the discrepancy of growth and metastasis capacity between miR-552 overexpression cervical cancer cells and control cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that miR-552 acts as a potential oncogene miRNA in cervical cancer, which exerts its function through targeting MUC15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Discipline Inspection Commission, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Discipline Inspection Commission, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Dou
- Department of Discipline Inspection Commission, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
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114
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Dietary Patterns Influence Target Gene Expression through Emerging Epigenetic Mechanisms in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091256. [PMID: 34572442 PMCID: PMC8468830 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the pathologic buildup of extra fat in the form of triglycerides in liver cells without excessive alcohol intake. NAFLD became the most common cause of chronic liver disease that is tightly associated with key aspects of metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. It is generally accepted that multiple mechanisms and pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Heredity, sedentary lifestyle, westernized high sugar saturated fat diet, metabolic derangements, and gut microbiota, all may interact on a on genetically susceptible individual to cause the disease initiation and progression. While there is an unquestionable role for gene-diet interaction in the etiopathogenesis of NAFLD, it is increasingly apparent that epigenetic processes can orchestrate many aspects of this interaction and provide additional mechanistic insight. Exciting research demonstrated that epigenetic alterations in chromatin can influence gene expression chiefly at the transcriptional level in response to unbalanced diet, and therefore predispose an individual to NAFLD. Thus, further discoveries into molecular epigenetic mechanisms underlying the link between nutrition and aberrant hepatic gene expression can yield new insights into the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and allow innovative epigenetic-based strategies for its early prevention and targeted therapies. Herein, we outline the current knowledge of the interactive role of a high-fat high-calories diet and gene expression through DNA methylation and histone modifications on the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We also provide perspectives on the advancement of the epigenomics in the field and possible shortcomings and limitations ahead.
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115
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Wang ZY, Li DL, Tian X, Zhang CY. A copper-free and enzyme-free click chemistry-mediated single quantum dot nanosensor for accurate detection of microRNAs in cancer cells and tissues. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10426-10435. [PMID: 34447534 PMCID: PMC8356811 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01865e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes, and their aberrant expression may disturb the normal gene regulation network to induce various diseases, and thus accurate detection of miRNAs is essential to early clinical diagnosis. Herein, we develop for the first time a single-quantum dot (QD)-based Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) nanosensor to accurately detect miRNAs based on copper-free and enzyme-free cycling click chemistry-mediated tricyclic ligase chain reaction (LCR) amplification. We design four DNA probes namely DNA probes 1-4, with DNA probes 1 and 3 being modified with azide (N3) and DNA probes 2 and 4 being modified with dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO). When target miRNA is present, DNA probes 1 and 2 can proceed via copper-free and enzyme-free click chemistry to generate the probes 1-2 ligation product. Subsequently, DNA probes 3 and 4 can hybridize with the probes 1-2 ligation product to generate the probes 3-4 ligation product. Both the probes 1-2 ligation product and probes 3-4 ligation product can act as the templates to initiate cycling click chemistry-mediated tricyclic LCR amplification whose products can be easily measured by the single-QD-based FRET nanosensor. This assay does not involve any enzymatic reverse transcription, copper catalyst, and ligase enzyme, and it exhibits excellent selectivity, high sensitivity, and the capability of differentiating even single-base mismatches. Moreover, this nanosensor can accurately quantify miRNA-155 even at the single-cell level, and it can distinguish the miRNA-155 expression in tissues of healthy persons and nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yue Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China +86 0531-82615258 +86 0531-86186033
| | - Dong-Ling Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China +86 0531-82615258 +86 0531-86186033
| | - Xiaorui Tian
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China +86 0531-82615258 +86 0531-86186033
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China +86 0531-82615258 +86 0531-86186033
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116
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Wu S, Zhou Y, Liu P, Zhang H, Wang W, Fang Y, Shen X. MicroRNA-29b-3p promotes 5-fluorouracil resistance <em>via</em> suppressing TRAF5-mediated necroptosis in human colorectal cancer. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65:3247. [PMID: 34155879 PMCID: PMC8239451 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance in colorectal cancer is a great challenge in clinic. Elucidating the deep mechanism underlying drug resistance will bring much benefit to diagnosis, therapy and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. In this study, miR-29b-3p was shown to be involved in resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced necroptosis of colorectal cancer. Further, miR-29b-3p was shown to target a regulatory subunit of necroptosis TRAF5. Rescue of TRAF5 could reverse the effect of miR-29b-3p on 5-FU-induced necroptosis, which was consistent with the role ofnecrostatin-1 (a specific necroptosis inhibitor). Then it was demonstrated that miR-29b-3p was positively correlated with chemo-resistance in colorectal cancer while TRAF5 negatively. In conclusion, it is deduced that miR-29b-3p/TRAF5 signaling axis plays critical role in drug resistance in chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients by regulating necroptosis. The findings in this study provide us a new target for interfere therapy in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuimei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhu No.1 People's Hospital, Wuhu City.
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhu No.1 People's Hospital, Wuhu City.
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhu No.1 People's Hospital, Wuhu City.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhu No.1 People's Hospital, Wuhu City.
| | - Wanliang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhu No.1 People's Hospital, Wuhu City.
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhu No.1 People's Hospital, Wuhu City.
| | - Xiang Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhu No.1 People's Hospital, Wuhu City.
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117
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Huda MN, Nafiujjaman M, Deaguero IG, Okonkwo J, Hill ML, Kim T, Nurunnabi M. Potential Use of Exosomes as Diagnostic Biomarkers and in Targeted Drug Delivery: Progress in Clinical and Preclinical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2106-2149. [PMID: 33988964 PMCID: PMC8147457 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles containing heterogeneous active biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, mRNAs, receptors, immune regulatory molecules, and nucleic acids. They typically range in size from 30 to 150 nm in diameter. An exosome's surfaces can be bioengineered with antibodies, fluorescent dye, peptides, and tailored for small molecule and large active biologics. Exosomes have enormous potential as a drug delivery vehicle due to enhanced biocompatibility, excellent payload capability, and reduced immunogenicity compared to alternative polymeric-based carriers. Because of active targeting and specificity, exosomes are capable of delivering their cargo to exosome-recipient cells. Additionally, exosomes can potentially act as early stage disease diagnostic tools as the exosome carries various protein biomarkers associated with a specific disease. In this review, we summarize recent progress on exosome composition, biological characterization, and isolation techniques. Finally, we outline the exosome's clinical applications and preclinical advancement to provide an outlook on the importance of exosomes for use in targeted drug delivery, biomarker study, and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nurul Huda
- Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Md Nafiujjaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Isaac G Deaguero
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Jude Okonkwo
- John A Paulson School of Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Meghan L. Hill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Taeho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968
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118
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Chang YJ, Tuz-Zahra F, Godbole S, Avitia Y, Bellettiere J, Rock CL, Jankowska MM, Allison MA, Dunstan DW, Rana B, Natarajan L, Sears DD. Endothelial-derived cardiovascular disease-related microRNAs elevated with prolonged sitting pattern among postmenopausal women. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11766. [PMID: 34083573 PMCID: PMC8175392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90154-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Time spent sitting is positively correlated with endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease risk. The underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. MicroRNAs contained in extracellular vesicles (EVs) reflect cell/tissue status and mediate intercellular communication. We explored the association between sitting patterns and microRNAs isolated from endothelial cell (EC)-derived EVs. Using extant actigraphy based sitting behavior data on a cohort of 518 postmenopausal overweight/obese women, we grouped the woman as Interrupted Sitters (IS; N = 18) or Super Sitters (SS; N = 53) if they were in the shortest or longest sitting pattern quartile, respectively. The cargo microRNA in EC-EVs from the IS and SS women were compared. MicroRNA data were weighted by age, physical functioning, MVPA, device wear days, device wear time, waist circumference, and body mass index. Screening of CVD-related microRNAs demonstrated that miR-199a-5p, let-7d-5p, miR-140-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-133b level were significantly elevated in SS compared to IS groups. Group differences in let-7d-5p, miR-133b, and miR-142-3p were validated in expanded groups. Pathway enrichment analyses show that mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis and cardiomyocyte adrenergic signaling (P < 0.001) are downstream of the three validated microRNAs. This proof-of-concept study supports the possibility that CVD-related microRNAs in EC-EVs may be molecular transducers of sitting pattern-associated CVD risk in overweight postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ju Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fatima Tuz-Zahra
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Suneeta Godbole
- Department of Family Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yesenia Avitia
- Department of Family Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John Bellettiere
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl L Rock
- Department of Family Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brinda Rana
- Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Loki Natarajan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- Department of Family Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 550 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
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119
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Wang X, Cai H, Shui S, Lin Y, Wang F, Wang L, Chen J, Liu J. Chrysin Stimulates Subcutaneous Fat Thermogenesis in Mice by Regulating PDGFRα and MicroRNA Expressions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5897-5906. [PMID: 34027663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The activation of adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis provides a new strategy to counter obesity and associated metabolic diseases. Here, a natural flavonoid chrysin is used as the supplement of a high-fat diet (HFD). Dietary chrysin alleviates adiposity and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. Meanwhile, dietary chrysin elevates systemic energy expenditure and enhances the uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) level in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), which is accompanied by the increased thermogenic program, beige preadipocyte number, and angiogenesis in SAT. Dietary chrysin also induces the expression of SAT platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), which commits adipose progenitor cells to differentiate into beige or white adipocytes in response to various environmental signals. Double immunofluorescent staining for UCP1 and PDGFRα reveals that chrysin elevates the number of UCP1+PDGFRα+ beige progenitors in SAT. Further, chrysin treatment reverses the effects of the specific PDGFRα inhibitor imatinib on browning differentiation of stromal vascular fraction cells from SAT. Finally, chrysin-induced adipocyte browning is correlated with the expressions of microRNAs as PDGFRα inhibitors or thermogenesis suppressors. In conclusion, dietary chrysin promotes subcutaneous adipocyte browning and systematic energy expenditure by regulating PDGFRα and microRNA expressions in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Hao Cai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Shanshan Shui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Yan Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Fangbin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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120
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Du Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Zhu J, Li Y, Meng Q, Lin Y. MiR-421 regulates goat intramuscular preadipocytes differentiation via targeting FGF13. Anim Biotechnol 2021; 33:1333-1343. [PMID: 33914665 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1898414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
As a member of the MicroRNA s (miRNAs) family, miR-421 has been widely studied in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells a. However, there are still no reports on miR-421 in regulating adipocyte differentiation and its related mechanisms. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the potential involvement of miR-421 in goat intramuscular preadipocytes (P_IMA). The expression level of miR-421 was measured via quantitative real-time PCR during goat P_IMA differentiation. And the effects of miR-421 on goat P_IMA differentiation were studied by liposome transfection, Oil red O staining and qRT-PCR. Furthermore, the miR-421 target was searched and the underlying mechanism was clarified by luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiment. Our results showed that inhibition of miR-421 could accumulation of lipid droplets by upregulation the expression level of AP2, LPL, C/EBPα and SREBP1. Further studies showed that fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) was the direct target of miR-421. Knocking down of FGF13 expression could inhibit lipid droplet formation and down-regulated the expression of key adipogenic regulatory genes. In addition, the rescue experiment revealed that FGF13 is involved in miR-421-induced differentiation of goat P_IMA as a key factor. Overall, these findings indicate that miR-421 is a negative regulator in the progression of differentiation of goat P_IMA by inhibiting the expression of FGF13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieqiong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyong Meng
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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121
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Liu Y, Wang C, Wei M, Yang G, Yuan L. Multifaceted Roles of Adipose Tissue-Derived Exosomes in Physiological and Pathological Conditions. Front Physiol 2021; 12:669429. [PMID: 33959041 PMCID: PMC8093393 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.669429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue functions importantly in the bodily homeostasis and systemic metabolism, while obesity links to multiple disorders. Beyond the canonical hormones, growth factors and cytokines, exosomes have been identified to play important roles in transmission of information from adipose tissue to other organs. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane vesicles secreted by donor cells, and transfer the genetic information to the recipient cells where the encapsulated nucleic acids and proteins are released. In this review, we elaborate the recent advances in the biogenesis and profiling of adipose tissue derived exosomes, and their physiological and pathological effects on different organs. Moreover, the potential significance of the exosomes as therapeutic vehicles or drugs is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunnan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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122
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Ravanidis S, Grundler F, de Toledo FW, Dimitriou E, Tekos F, Skaperda Z, Kouretas D, Doxakis E. Fasting-mediated metabolic and toxicity reprogramming impacts circulating microRNA levels in humans. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112187. [PMID: 33839215 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is well-established that long-term fasting improves metabolic health, enhances the total antioxidant capacity and increases well-being. MicroRNAs oversee energy homeostasis and metabolic processes and are widely used as circulating biomarkers to identify the metabolic state. This study investigated whether the expression levels of twenty-four metabolism-associated microRNAs are significantly altered following long-term fasting and if these changes correlate with biochemical and redox parameters in the plasma. Thirty-two participants with an average BMI of 28 kg/m2 underwent a 10-day fasting period with a daily intake of 250 kcal under medical supervision. RT-qPCR on plasma small-RNA extracts revealed that the levels of seven microRNAs (miR-19b-3p, miR-22-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-142-3p, miR-143-3p, and miR-145-5p) were significantly altered following fasting. Importantly, the expression levels of these microRNAs have been consistently shown to change in the exact opposite direction in pathological states including obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular disease. Linear regression analyses revealed that among the microRNAs analyzed, anti-inflammatory miR-146-5p expression displayed most correlations with the levels of different biochemical and redox parameters. In silico analysis of fasting-associated microRNAs demonstrated that they target pathways that are highly enriched for intracellular signaling such mTOR, FoxO and autophagy, as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and cell-senescence. Overall, these data are consistent with a model in which long-term fasting engages homeostatic mechanisms associated with specific microRNAs to improve metabolic signaling regardless of health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Ravanidis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Franziska Grundler
- Buchinger Wilhelmi Clinic, 88662, Überlingen, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Evangelos Dimitriou
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larisa, 41500, Greece
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larisa, 41500, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larisa, 41500, Greece
| | - Epaminondas Doxakis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece.
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123
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Impact of maternal obesity and prebiotic supplementation on select maternal milk microRNA levels and correlation with offspring outcomes. Br J Nutr 2021; 127:335-343. [PMID: 33814020 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521001197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast milk composition varies with maternal factors including diet and confers health benefits to the neonate; however, the mechanisms mediating this protection remain incompletely understood. Our aim was to investigate the effects of supplementing a maternal high-fat/sucrose (HFS) diet with prebiotic oligofructose (OFS) on milk composition in rats and associations with offspring body composition and gut microbiota. Obese Sprague-Dawley dams consumed a control, HFS, HFS + OFS (10 % wt/wt) or HFS diet weight-matched to the HFS + OFS group (HFS-WM) during pregnancy and lactation. Pups were weaned onto a HFS diet on day 21. Milk was collected at weaning and analysed for protein, leptin and microRNA (miRNA) levels. Milk produced by HFS dams contained less protein than milk from lean controls which was normalised by OFS. Six miRNA (miR-222, miR-203a, miR-200a, miR-26a, miR-27a and miR-103) were differentially expressed in milk according to maternal diet. Milk leptin content was positively correlated with maternal body fat and faecal Enterobacteriaceae in male offspring at 24 weeks of age. Milk protein content was inversely associated with maternal body fat and body weight. miR-200a was positively associated with maternal body fat and Enterobacteriaceae in female offspring at 24 weeks of age. Correlations between milk protein and multiple milk miRNA and offspring body composition and gut microbiota differed by sex. Overall, our results suggest that obesogenic diets and prebiotic supplementation can alter the protein and miRNA levels in breast milk in rats and these milk components may explain, in part, the influence of these maternal diets on offspring body composition.
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Su X, Nie M, Zhang G, Wang B. MicroRNA in cardio-metabolic disorders. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 518:134-141. [PMID: 33823149 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is correlated with several health problems that contain the combination of hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus, which are grouped as metabolic syndrome. Though the lipid-lowering agents, such as statins, which aims to reduce serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been considered as one of the most effective therapeutics in treating hyperlipidemia and coronary artery diseases, the persistent high risk of atherosclerosis after intensive lipid-lowering therapy could not be simply explained by hyperlipidemia. Therefore, it is necessary to identify novel factors to manage treatment and to predict risk of cardio-metabolic events. Endeavor over the past several decades has demonstrated the important functions of microRNAs in modulating macrophage activation, lipid metabolism, and hyperlipidemia. In the present review, we summarized the recent findings which highlighted the contributions of microRNAs in regulating serum lipid metabolism. Furthermore, we also provided the potential mechanisms whereby microRNAs controlled lipid metabolism and the risk of cardio-metabolic disorders, which could help us to identify microRNAs as a promising therapeutic target for hyperlipidemia and its related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Meiling Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guoming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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125
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Gallo W, Ottosson F, Kennbäck C, Jujic A, Esguerra JLS, Eliasson L, Melander O. Replication study reveals miR-483-5p as an important target in prevention of cardiometabolic disease. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:162. [PMID: 33794782 PMCID: PMC8017779 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in levels of circulating micro-RNAs might reflect within organ signaling or subclinical tissue injury that is linked to risk of diabetes and cardiovascular risk. We previously found that serum levels of miR-483-5p is correlated with cardiometabolic risk factors and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in a case–control sample from the populations-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study Cardiovascular Cohort (MDC-CC). We here aimed at replicating these findings and to test for association with carotid atherosclerosis. Methods We measured miR-483-5p in fasting serum of 1223 healthy subjects from the baseline examination of the population-based, prospective cohort study Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) and correlated miR-483-5p to cardiometabolic risk factors and to incidence of diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease (CAD) during 3.7 (± 1.3) years of follow-up using logistic regression. In both MOS and MDC-CC we related mir-483-5p to carotid atherosclerosis measured with ultrasound. Results In cross-sectional analysis miR-483-5p was correlated with BMI, waist circumference, HDL, and sex. After adjustment for age and sex, the association remained significant for all risk factors except for HDL. Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between miR-483-5p and new-onset diabetes (OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.06–3.56, p = 0.032) and cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.06–3.75, p = 0.033) during 3.7 (± 1.3) years of follow-up. Furthermore, miR-483-5p was significantly related with maximum intima-media thickness of the carotid bulb in MDC-CC (p = 0.001), but not in MOS, whereas it was associated with increasing number of plaques in MOS (p = 0.007). Conclusion miR-483-5p is related to an unfavorable cardiometabolic risk factor profile and predicts diabetes and CAD, possibly through an effect on atherosclerosis. Our results encourage further studies of possible underlying mechanisms and means of modifying miR-483-5p as a possible interventional target in prevention of cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widet Gallo
- Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University Malmö, Malmö, Sweden. .,Clinical Research Centre, Skane University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Malmö, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Clinical Research Centre, CRC, Lund University, 91:12, Jan Waldenströmsgata 35, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Filip Ottosson
- Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Clinical Research Centre, Skane University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Kennbäck
- Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Amra Jujic
- Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Lou S Esguerra
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Clinical Research Centre, Skane University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lena Eliasson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Clinical Research Centre, Skane University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Clinical Research Centre, Skane University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Ehtesham N, Shahrbanian S, Valadiathar M, Mowla SJ. Modulations of obesity-related microRNAs after exercise intervention: a systematic review and bioinformatics analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2817-2831. [PMID: 33772703 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the prevalent health-threatening conditions; however, it is preventable by lifestyle interventions such as exercise. The molecular mechanisms underlying physiological adaptation to physical activity are not fully understood. It has been documented that both intracellular and extracellular (circulating) microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in both obesogenic and exercise adaptation mechanisms. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of publications that examined the effect of exercise on the expression of miRNAs in individuals with obesity. In addition, bioinformatics analysis was performed on most repetitive miRNAs. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched with relevant keywords. We only included studies that utilized exercise as a modality for the health management of human subjects with obesity to evaluate the changes in expression of obesity-related miRNAs. Through checking of 211 retrieved articles, we reached 12 eligible studies. Some studies reported a statistically significant correlation between the change of miRNAs and clinical parameters such as body mass index and fasting glucose. In silico analysis of most repetitive miRNAs i.e. miR-126, miR-21, miR-146a, miR-221, and miR-223 resulted in the molecular signaling pathways that potentially involve in cellular adaption to exercise in people with obesity. miRNAs partake in health-related benefits of physical activity on obesity-associated cellular and molecular phenomena. However, our understanding of the exact mechanism is still in its infancy. Consistently, the clinicians waiting for the result of more integrated experiments to develop a miRNAs panel as a predictive biomarker of exercise in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeim Ehtesham
- Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Shahrbanian
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Valadiathar
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Rovira-Llopis S, Díaz-Rúa R, Grau-del Valle C, Iannantuoni F, Abad-Jimenez Z, Bosch-Sierra N, Panadero-Romero J, Victor VM, Rocha M, Morillas C, Bañuls C. Characterization of Differentially Expressed Circulating miRNAs in Metabolically Healthy versus Unhealthy Obesity. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030321. [PMID: 33801145 PMCID: PMC8004231 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese individuals without metabolic comorbidities are categorized as metabolically healthy obese (MHO). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may be implicated in MHO. This cross-sectional study explores the link between circulating miRNAs and the main components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the context of obesity. We also examine oxidative stress biomarkers in MHO vs. metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). We analysed 3536 serum miRNAs in 20 middle-aged obese individuals: 10 MHO and 10 MUO. A total of 159 miRNAs were differentially expressed, of which, 72 miRNAs (45.2%) were higher and 87 miRNAs (54.7%) were lower in the MUO group. In addition, miRNAs related to insulin signalling and lipid metabolism pathways were upregulated in the MUO group. Among these miRNAs, hsa-miR-6796-5p and hsa-miR-4697-3p, which regulate oxidative stress, showed significant correlations with glucose, triglycerides, HbA1c and HDLc. Our results provide evidence of a pattern of differentially expressed miRNAs in obesity according to MetS, and identify those related to insulin resistance and lipid metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Rubén Díaz-Rúa
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Carmen Grau-del Valle
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Iannantuoni
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Zaida Abad-Jimenez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Neus Bosch-Sierra
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | | | - Víctor M. Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
- CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
- CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Morillas
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-189-132
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The Potential Role of Exosomes in Child and Adolescent Obesity. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8030196. [PMID: 33800718 PMCID: PMC7999028 DOI: 10.3390/children8030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Child and adolescent obesity constitute one of the greatest contemporary public health menaces. The enduring disproportion between calorie intake and energy consumption, determined by a complex interaction of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, finally leads to the development of overweight and obesity. Child and adolescent overweight/obesity promotes smoldering systemic inflammation (“para-inflammation”) and increases the likelihood of later metabolic and cardiovascular complications, including metabolic syndrome and its components, which progressively deteriorate during adulthood. Exosomes are endosome-derived extracellular vesicles that are secreted by a variety of cells, are naturally taken-up by target cells, and may be involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Over the last decade, intensive research has been conducted regarding the special role of exosomes and the non-coding (nc) RNAs they contain (primarily micro (mi) RNAs, long (l) non-coding RNAs, messenger (m) RNAs and other molecules) in inter-cellular communications. Through their action as communication mediators, exosomes may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and associated disorders. There is increasing evidence that exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs are involved in pivotal processes of adipocyte biology and that, possibly, play important roles in gene regulation linked to human obesity. This review aims to improve our understanding of the roles of exosomes and their cargo in the development of obesity and related metabolic and inflammatory disorders. We examined their potential roles in adipose tissue physiology and reviewed the scarce data regarding the altered patterns of circulating miRNAs and lncRNAs observed in obese children and adolescents, compared them to the equivalent, more abundant existing findings of adult studies, and speculated on their proposed mechanisms of action. Exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs could be applied as cardiometabolic risk biomarkers, useful in the early diagnosis and prevention of obesity. Furthermore, the targeting of crucial circulating exosomal cargo to tissues involved in the pathogenesis and maintenance of obesity could provide a novel therapeutic approach to this devastating and management-resistant pandemic.
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Jo S, Xu G, Jing G, Chen J, Shalev A. Human Glucagon Expression Is under the Control of miR-320a. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6052618. [PMID: 33367814 PMCID: PMC7814302 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased glucagon is a hallmark of diabetes and leads to worsening of the hyperglycemia, but the molecular mechanisms causing it are still unknown. We therefore investigated the possibility that microRNAs might be involved in the regulation of glucagon. Indeed, analysis of the glucagon 3' untranslated region (UTR) revealed potential binding sites for miR-320a, and using luciferase reporter assays we found that miR-320a directly targets the 3' UTRs of human and rodent glucagon. In addition, endogenous glucagon mRNA and protein expression as well as glucagon secretion were reduced in response to miR-320a overexpression, whereas inhibition of miR-320a upregulated glucagon expression. Interestingly, miR-320a expression was decreased by high glucose, and this was associated with an increase in glucagon expression in human islets and mouse αTC1-6 cells. Moreover, miR-320a overexpression completely blunted these effects. Importantly, miR-320a was also significantly downregulated in human islets of subjects with type 2 diabetes and this was accompanied by increased glucagon expression. Thus, our data suggest that glucose-induced downregulation of miR-320a may contribute to the paradoxical increase in glucagon observed in type 2 diabetes and reveal for the first time that glucagon expression is under the control by a microRNA providing novel insight into the abnormal regulation of glucagon in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeongHo Jo
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Guanlan Xu
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gu Jing
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Junqin Chen
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anath Shalev
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Correspondence: Anath Shalev, MD, Professor and Director, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, SHELBY Bldg 1206, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182, USA.
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Wang C, Li Z, Liu Y, Yuan L. Exosomes in atherosclerosis: performers, bystanders, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:3996-4010. [PMID: 33664877 PMCID: PMC7914371 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized lipid vesicles originating from the endosomal system that carry many macromolecules from their parental cells and play important roles in intercellular communication. The functions and underlying mechanisms of exosomes in atherosclerosis have recently been intensively studied. In this review, we briefly introduce exosome biology and then focus on advances in the roles of exosomes in atherosclerosis, specifically exosomal changes associated with atherosclerosis, their cellular origins and potential functional cargos, and their detailed impacts on recipient cells. We also discuss the potential of exosomes as biomarkers and drug carriers for managing atherosclerosis.
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131
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Zhang M, Wang L, Huang S, He X. Exosomes with high level of miR-181c from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit inflammation and apoptosis to alleviate spinal cord injury. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:301-311. [PMID: 33548000 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation is a promising method in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). Researches have shown that stem cell-derived exosomes as well as its contents such as microRNAs contribute to the protective effects of stem cell against SCI. However, the effects of exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cells on SCI and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we collected bone marrow stem cells derived exosomes (BMSCs-exo) to deal with SCI rats and LPS induced microglia to explore the possible mechanisms. We found that BMSCs-exo showed significant effects on decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as increasing Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan score after acute SCI. MicroRNA-181c levels in tissue were elevated with the use of BMSCs-exo. Then we verified the effect in vitro and found that in LPS induced microglia, the administration of BMSCs-exo could inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the phosphorylation of NF-κB signal was also suppressed. During which, the expression of microRNA-181c in microglia was elevated. When LPS induced microglia were treated with BMSCs-exo over-expressing microRNA-181c, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines decreased. Then bioinformatics techniques were used to detect the possible target gene of microRNA-181c and then PTEN was found as a candidate. Further experiments showed that the protection effects of BMSCs-exo over-expressing microRNA-181c could be antagonized by the elevation of PTEN expression both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we verified that BMSCs-exo could protect against SCI through its content microRNA-181c which suppressed the inflammation in microglia and spinal cord. It was related to the inhibition of PTEN and the suppression of NF-κB signal, and finally decreasing inflammation and apoptosis in spinal cord and improved SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Ankang Central Hospital of Shaanxi, No.85 Jinzhou South Road, AnKang, 725000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sihua Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xijing He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Wilhelmsen A, Tsintzas K, Jones SW. Recent advances and future avenues in understanding the role of adipose tissue cross talk in mediating skeletal muscle mass and function with ageing. GeroScience 2021; 43:85-110. [PMID: 33528828 PMCID: PMC8050140 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, broadly defined as the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, quality, and function, is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and an increased likelihood of adverse health outcomes. The regulation of skeletal muscle mass with ageing is complex and necessitates a delicate balance between muscle protein synthesis and degradation. The secretion and transfer of cytokines, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), both discretely and within extracellular vesicles, have emerged as important communication channels between tissues. Some of these factors have been implicated in regulating skeletal muscle mass, function, and pathologies and may be perturbed by excessive adiposity. Indeed, adipose tissue participates in a broad spectrum of inter-organ communication and obesity promotes the accumulation of macrophages, cellular senescence, and the production and secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. Pertinently, age-related sarcopenia has been reported to be more prevalent in obesity; however, such effects are confounded by comorbidities and physical activity level. In this review, we provide evidence that adiposity may exacerbate age-related sarcopenia and outline some emerging concepts of adipose-skeletal muscle communication including the secretion and processing of novel myokines and adipokines and the role of extracellular vesicles in mediating inter-tissue cross talk via lncRNAs and miRNAs in the context of sarcopenia, ageing, and obesity. Further research using advances in proteomics, transcriptomics, and techniques to investigate extracellular vesicles, with an emphasis on translational, longitudinal human studies, is required to better understand the physiological significance of these factors, the impact of obesity upon them, and their potential as therapeutic targets in combating muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wilhelmsen
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kostas Tsintzas
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Yan C, Tian X, Li J, Liu D, Ye D, Xie Z, Han Y, Zou MH. A High-Fat Diet Attenuates AMPK α1 in Adipocytes to Induce Exosome Shedding and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Development In Vivo. Diabetes 2021; 70:577-588. [PMID: 33262120 PMCID: PMC7881856 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are important for intercellular communication, but the role of exosomes in the communication between adipose tissue (AT) and the liver remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the contribution of AT-derived exosomes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Exosome components, liver fat content, and liver function were monitored in AT in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or treated with metformin or GW4869 and with AMPKα1-floxed (Prkaα1 fl/fl/wild-type [WT]), Prkaα1 -/-, liver tissue-specific Prkaα1 -/-, or AT-specific Prkaα1 -/- modification. In cultured adipocytes and white AT, the absence of AMPKα1 increased exosome release and exosomal proteins by elevating tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101)-mediated exosome biogenesis. In adipocytes treated with palmitic acid, TSG101 facilitated scavenger receptor class B (CD36) sorting into exosomes. CD36-containing exosomes were then endocytosed by hepatocytes to induce lipid accumulation and inflammation. Consistently, an HFD induced more severe lipid accumulation and cell death in Prkaα1 -/- and AT-specific Prkaα1 -/- mice than in WT and liver-specific Prkaα1 -/- mice. AMPK activation by metformin reduced adipocyte-mediated exosome release and mitigated fatty liver development in WT and liver-specific Prkaα1 -/- mice. Moreover, administration of the exosome inhibitor GW4869 blocked exosome secretion and alleviated HFD-induced fatty livers in Prkaα1 -/- and adipocyte-specific Prkaα1 -/- mice. We conclude that HFD-mediated AMPKα1 inhibition promotes NAFLD by increasing numbers of AT CD36-containing exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Yan
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Tian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiayin Li
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Ding Ye
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Zhonglin Xie
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Yaling Han
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
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134
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Citrin KM, Fernández-Hernando C, Suárez Y. MicroRNA regulation of cholesterol metabolism. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1495:55-77. [PMID: 33521946 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Since many microRNAs have multiple mRNA targets, they are uniquely positioned to regulate the expression of several molecules and pathways simultaneously. For example, the multiple stages of cholesterol metabolism are heavily influenced by microRNA activity. Understanding the scope of microRNAs that control this pathway is highly relevant to diseases of perturbed cholesterol metabolism, most notably cardiovascular disease (CVD). Atherosclerosis is a common cause of CVD that involves inflammation and the accumulation of cholesterol-laden cells in the arterial wall. However, several different cell types participate in atherosclerosis, and perturbations in cholesterol homeostasis may have unique effects on the specialized functions of these various cell types. Therefore, our review discusses the current knowledge of microRNA-mediated control of cholesterol homeostasis, followed by speculation as to how these microRNA-mRNA target interactions might have distinctive effects on different cell types that participate in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Citrin
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Herrero-Aguayo V, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Sáez-Martínez P, Gómez-Gómez E, López-Cánovas JL, Garrido-Sánchez L, Herrera-Martínez AD, García-Bermejo L, Macías-González M, López-Miranda J, Castaño JP, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Influence of Obesity in the miRNome: miR-4454, a Key Regulator of Insulin Response Via Splicing Modulation in Prostate. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e469-e484. [PMID: 32841353 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity is a major health problem associated with severe comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes and cancer, wherein microRNAs (miRNAs) might be useful as diagnostic/prognostic tools or therapeutic targets. OBJECTIVE To explore the differential expression pattern of miRNAs in obesity and their putative role in obesity-related comorbidities such as insulin resistance. METHODS An Affymetrix-miRNA array was performed in plasma samples from normoweight (n = 4/body mass index < 25) and obese subjects (n = 4/body mass index > 30). The main changes were validated in 2 independent cohorts (n = 221/n = 18). Additionally, in silico approaches were performed and in vitro assays applied in tissue samples and prostate (RWPE-1) and liver (HepG2) cell-lines. RESULTS A total of 26 microRNAs were altered (P < 0.01) in plasma of obese subjects compared to controls using the Affymetrix-miRNA array. Validation in ampler cohorts revealed that miR-4454 levels were consistently higher in obesity, associated with insulin-resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance/insulin) and modulated by medical (metformin/statins) and surgical (bariatric surgery) strategies. miR-4454 was highly expressed in prostate and liver tissues and its expression was increased in prostate and liver cells by insulin. In vitro, overexpression of miR-4454 in prostate cells resulted in decreased expression levels of INSR, GLUT4, and phosphorylation of AMPK/AKT/ERK, as well as in altered expression of key spliceosome components (ESRP1/ESRP2/RBM45/RNU2) and insulin-receptor splicing variants. CONCLUSIONS Obesity was associated to an alteration of the plasmatic miRNA landscape, wherein miR-4454 levels were higher, associated with insulin-resistance and modulated by obesity-controlling interventions. Insulin regulated miR-4454, which, in turn may impair the cellular response to insulin, in a cell type-dependent manner (i.e., prostate gland), by modulating the splicing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Prudencio Sáez-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan L López-Cánovas
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica y Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Complejo Hospitalario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Aura D Herrera-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Macías-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica y Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Complejo Hospitalario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
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Li J, Zhang Y, Ye Y, Li D, Liu Y, Lee E, Zhang M, Dai X, Zhang X, Wang S, Zhang J, Jia W, Zen K, Vidal‐Puig A, Jiang X, Zhang C. Pancreatic β cells control glucose homeostasis via the secretion of exosomal miR-29 family. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12055. [PMID: 33520119 PMCID: PMC7820156 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted microRNAs (miRNAs) are novel endocrine factors that play essential pathological and physiological roles. Here, we report that pancreatic β cell-released exosomal miR-29 family members (miR-29s) regulate hepatic insulin sensitivity and control glucose homeostasis. Cultured pancreatic islets were shown to secrete miR-29s in response to high levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) in vitro. In vivo, high levels of FFAs, promoted by either high-fat diet (HFD) feeding (physiopathological) or fasting (physiological), increased the secretion of miR-29s into plasma. Intravenous administration of exosomal miR-29s attenuated insulin sensitivity. The overexpression of miR-29s in the β cells of transgenic (TG) mice promoted the secretion of miR-29s and inhibited the insulin-mediated suppression of glucose output in the liver. We used selective overexpression of traceable heterogenous mutant miR-29s in β cells to confirm that islet-derived exosomal miR-29s target insulin signalling in the liver and blunt hepatic insulin sensitivity. Moreover, in vivo disruption of miR-29s expression in β cells reversed HFD-induced insulin resistance. In vitro experiments demonstrated that isolated exosomes enriched in miR-29s inhibited insulin signalling in the liver and increased hepatic glucose production. These results unveil a novel β cell-derived secretory signal-exosomal miR-29s-and provide insight into the roles of miR-29s in manipulating glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yangyang Ye
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Dameng Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Medical PhysiologyGraduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
- Wellcome‐MRC Institute of Metabolic ScienceAddenbrooke's HospitalUniversity of Cambridge Metabolic Research LaboratoriesCambridgeUK
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology & MetabolismShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Dai
- Department of GastroenterologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Shibei Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Weiping Jia
- Department of Endocrinology & MetabolismShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghaiChina
| | - Ke Zen
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Antonio Vidal‐Puig
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Wellcome‐MRC Institute of Metabolic ScienceAddenbrooke's HospitalUniversity of Cambridge Metabolic Research LaboratoriesCambridgeUK
- Wellcome Sanger InstituteCambridgeUK
- Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and InnovationNanjingChina
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Chen‐Yu Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and TherapyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNAState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyJiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and BiotechnologyNJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS)Institute of Artificial Intelligence BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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Zhang D, Yamaguchi S, Zhang X, Yang B, Kurooka N, Sugawara R, Albuayjan HHH, Nakatsuka A, Eguchi J, Hiyama TY, Kamiya A, Wada J. Upregulation of Mir342 in Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse and the Hypothalamic Appetite Control. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:727915. [PMID: 34526970 PMCID: PMC8437242 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In obesity and type 2 diabetes, numerous genes are differentially expressed, and microRNAs are involved in transcriptional regulation of target mRNAs, but miRNAs critically involved in the appetite control are not known. Here, we identified upregulation of miR-342-3p and its host gene Evl in brain and adipose tissues in C57BL/6 mice fed with high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) chow by RNA sequencing. Mir342 (-/-) mice fed with HFHS chow were protected from obesity and diabetes. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neurons co-express Mir342 and EVL. The percentage of activated NPY+pSTAT3+ neurons were reduced, while POMC+pSTAT3+ neurons increased in Mir342 (-/-) mice, and they demonstrated the reduction of food intake and amelioration of metabolic phenotypes. Snap25 was identified as a major target gene of miR-342-3p and the reduced expression of Snap25 may link to functional impairment hypothalamic neurons and excess of food intake. The inhibition of miR-342-3p may be a potential candidate for miRNA-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Boxuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoko Kurooka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sugawara
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Haya Hamed H. Albuayjan
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nakatsuka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Eguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Y. Hiyama
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsunori Kamiya
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Jun Wada,
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Juchnicka I, Kuźmicki M, Szamatowicz J. Ceramides and Sphingosino-1-Phosphate in Obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:635995. [PMID: 34054722 PMCID: PMC8158155 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.635995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing worldwide problem, especially in developed countries. This disease adversely affects the quality of life and notably contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disorders. It is characterised by excessive lipids accumulation in the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. Considering the secretory function of adipose tissue, this leads to impaired adipokines and cytokines release. Changes in adipose tissue metabolism result in chronic inflammation, pancreatic islets dysfunction and peripheral insulin resistance. In addition to saturating various adipocytes, excess lipids are deposited into non-adipose peripheral tissues, which disturbs cell metabolism and causes a harmful effect known as lipotoxicity. Fatty acids are metabolised into bioactive lipids such as ceramides, from which sphingolipids are formed. Ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are involved in intracellular signalling, cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Studies demonstrate that bioactive lipids have a crucial role in regulating insulin signalling pathways, glucose homeostasis and β cell death. Data suggests that ceramides may have an opposite cellular effect than S1P; however, the role of S1P remains controversial. This review summarises the available data on ceramide and sphingolipid metabolism and their role in obesity.
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139
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Zhou G, Gu Y, Zhou F, Zhang H, Zhang M, Zhang G, Wu L, Hua K, Ding J. Adipocytes-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-miR-26b Promotes Apoptosis of Cumulus Cells and Induces Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:789939. [PMID: 35222263 PMCID: PMC8873091 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.789939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a refractory reproductive disease and also a kind of endocrine and metabolic disease. Adipocyte cells can produce a mass of extracellular vesicles and orchestrate the status of other types cells. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles-miR-26b on cumulus cells (CCs) and development of PCOS. METHODS The crosstalk mediated by extracellular vesicle-miR-26b between adipocytes and CCs was determined in CC cells co-cultured with mature adipocytes or incubated with extracellular vesicle isolated from mature adipocytes. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were conducted in CCs treated with or without extracellular vesicles; microRNA (miRNA) sequencing was conducted for clarifying the key molecular. Hormone levels and ovary ovulation ability were conducted with animal experiment. RESULTS The results revealed that miR-26b was upregulated in extracellular vesicles derived from mature adipocytes. Adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles inhibited viability and promoted apoptosis in CCs via targeting JAG1. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles derived from mature adipocyte disrupted the ovary ovulation and impaired the hormone levels. CONCLUSIONS These results identify a novel signaling pathway that adipocytes-derived extracellular vesicles-miR-26b promotes cell apoptosis in CCs and disrupted the ovary ovulation in the development of PCOS. The study indicates that adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles-miR-26b may play a key role in the PCOS and also provides insight into developing new therapeutic strategies for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gu
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyue Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongdao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Menglei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ganrong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ligang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingxin Ding, ; Keqin Hua, ; Ligang Wu,
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingxin Ding, ; Keqin Hua, ; Ligang Wu,
| | - Jingxin Ding
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingxin Ding, ; Keqin Hua, ; Ligang Wu,
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Expression of miRNA-29 in Pancreatic β Cells Promotes Inflammation and Diabetes via TRAF3. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108576. [PMID: 33406428 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized as a chronic, low-grade inflammatory disease characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell dysfunction; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report a key β cell-macrophage crosstalk pathway mediated by the miRNA-29-TNF-receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) axis. β cell-specific transgenic miR-29a/b/c mice are predisposed to develop glucose intolerance and insulin resistance when fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The metabolic effect of β cell miR-29 is largely mediated through macrophages because either depletion of macrophages or reconstitution with miR-29-signaling defective bone marrow improves metabolic parameters in the transgenic mice. Mechanistically, our data show that miR-29 promotes the recruitment and activation of circulating monocytes and macrophages and, hence, inflammation, via miR-29 exosomes in a TRAF3-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate the ability of β cells to modulate the systemic inflammatory tone and glucose homeostasis via miR-29 in response to nutrient overload.
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141
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Nguyen MT, Min KH, Lee W. MiR-96-5p Induced by Palmitic Acid Suppresses the Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts by Targeting FHL1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249445. [PMID: 33322515 PMCID: PMC7764195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal myogenesis is a multi-stage process that includes the cell cycle exit, myogenic transcriptional activation, and morphological changes to form multinucleated myofibers. Recent studies have shown that saturated fatty acids (SFA) and miRNAs play crucial roles in myogenesis and muscle homeostasis. Nevertheless, the target molecules and myogenic regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs are largely unknown, particularly when myogenesis is dysregulated by SFA deposition. This study investigated the critical role played by miR-96-5p on the myogenic differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts. Long-chain SFA palmitic acid (PA) significantly reduced FHL1 expression and inhibited the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts but induced miR-96-5p expression. The knockdown of FHL1 by siRNA stimulated cell proliferation and inhibited myogenic differentiation of myoblasts. Interestingly, miR-96-5p suppressed FHL1 expression by directly targeting the 3’UTR of FHL1 mRNA. The transfection of an miR-96-5p mimic upregulated the expressions of cell cycle-related genes, such as PCNA, CCNB1, and CCND1, and increased myoblast proliferation. Moreover, the miR-96-5p mimic inhibited the expressions of myogenic factors, such as myoblast determination protein (MyoD), myogenin (MyoG), myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C), and myosin heavy chain (MyHC), and dramatically impeded differentiation and fusion of myoblasts. Overall, this study highlights the role of miR-96-5p in myogenesis via FHL1 suppression and suggests a novel regulatory mechanism for myogenesis mediated by miRNA in a background of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.-H.M.)
| | - Kyung-Ho Min
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.-H.M.)
| | - Wan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.-H.M.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, 10326 Goyang, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-54-770-2409; Fax: +82-54-770-2447
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142
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Abstract
Adipose, or fat, tissue (AT) was once considered an inert tissue that primarily existed to store lipids, and was not historically recognized as an important organ in the regulation and maintenance of health. With the rise of obesity and more rigorous research, AT is now recognized as a highly complex metabolic organ involved in a host of important physiological functions, including glucose homeostasis and a multitude of endocrine capabilities. AT dysfunction has been implicated in several disease states, most notably obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The study of AT has provided useful insight in developing strategies to combat these highly prevalent metabolic diseases. This review highlights the major functions of adipose tissue and the consequences that can occur when disruption of these functions leads to systemic metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocence Harvey
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Anik Boudreau
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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143
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Nguyen MT, Min KH, Lee W. MiR-183-5p induced by saturated fatty acids regulates the myogenic differentiation by directly targeting FHL1 in C2C12 myoblasts. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 33148375 PMCID: PMC7704217 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.11.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal myogenesis is a complex process that is finely regulated by myogenic transcription factors. Recent studies have shown that saturated fatty acids (SFA) can suppress the activation of myogenic transcription factors and impair the myogenic differentiation of progenitor cells. Despite the increasing evidence of the roles of miRNAs in myogenesis, the targets and myogenic regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs are largely unknown, particularly when myogenesis is dysregulated by SFA deposition. This study examined the implications of SFA-induced miR-183-5p on the myogenic differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts. Long-chain SFA palmitic acid (PA) drastically reduced myogenic transcription factors, such as myoblast determination protein (MyoD), myogenin (MyoG), and myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C), and inhibited FHL1 expression and myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts, accompanied by the induction of miR-183-5p. The knockdown of FHL1 by siRNA inhibited myogenic differentiation of myoblasts. Interestingly, miR-183-5p inversely regulated the expression of FHL1, a crucial regulator of skeletal myogenesis, by targeting the 3’UTR of FHL1 mRNA. Furthermore, the transfection of miR-183-5p mimic suppressed the expression of MyoD, MyoG, MEF2C, and MyHC, and impaired the differentiation and myotube formation of myoblasts. Overall, this study highlights the role of miR-183-5p in myogenic differentiation through FHL1 repression and suggests a novel miRNA-mediated mechanism for myogenesis in a background of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Min
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - Wan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang 10326, Korea
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144
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Shang Q, Shen G, Chen G, Zhang Z, Yu X, Zhao W, Zhang P, Chen H, Tang K, Yu F, Tang J, Liang D, Jiang X, Ren H. The emerging role of miR-128 in musculoskeletal diseases. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4231-4243. [PMID: 33241566 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-128 (miR-128) is associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and survival. Genetic analysis studies have demonstrated that miR-128 participates in bone metabolism, which involves bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and adipocytes. miR-128 also participates in regeneration of skeletal muscles by targeting myoblast-associated proteins. The deregulation of miR-128 could lead to a series of musculoskeletal diseases. In this review, we discuss recent findings of miR-128 in relation to bone metabolism and muscle regeneration to determine its potential therapeutic effects in musculoskeletal diseases, and to propose directions for future research in this significant field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gengyang Shen
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guifeng Chen
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Tang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuyong Yu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - De Liang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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145
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Jiang X, Xing L, Chen Y, Qin R, Song S, Lu Y, Xie S, Wang L, Pu H, Gui X, Li T, Xu J, Li J, Jia S, Lu D. CircMEG3 inhibits telomerase activity by reducing Cbf5 in human liver cancer stem cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 23:310-323. [PMID: 33425489 PMCID: PMC7779543 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNA (CircRNA) is a newly identified special class of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that plays an important regulatory role in the progression of certain diseases. Herein, our results indicate that CircMEG3 is downregulated expression and negatively correlated with the expression of telomerase-related gene Cbf5 in human liver cancer. Moreover, CircMEG3 inhibits the growth of human liver cancer stem cells in vivo and in vitro. CircMEG3 inhibits the expression of m6A methyltransferase METTL3 dependent on HULC. Moreover, CircMEG3 inhibits the expression of Cbf5, a component of telomere synthetase H/ACA ribonucleoprotein (RNP; catalyst RNA pseudouracil modification) through METTL3 dependent on HULC. Thereby, CircMEG3 inhibits telomerase activity and shortens telomere lifespan dependent on HULC and Cbf5 in human liver cancer stem cell. Strikingly, increased Cbf5 abrogates the ability of CircMEG3 to inhibit malignant differentiation of human liver cancer stem cells. In summary, these observations provide important basic information for finding effective liver cancer therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Jiang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Libo Xing
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rushi Qin
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shuting Song
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sijie Xie
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hu Pu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xin Gui
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Song Jia
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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146
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Construction of a Potential Breast Cancer-Related miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6149174. [PMID: 33204705 PMCID: PMC7657683 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6149174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland and has become the most common malignancy in women. The regulation of the expression of related genes by microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in breast cancer. We constructed a comprehensive breast cancer-miRNA-gene interaction map. Methods Three miRNA microarray datasets (GSE26659, GSE45666, and GSE58210) were obtained from the GEO database. Then, the R software “LIMMA” package was used to identify differential expression analysis. Potential transcription factors and target genes of screened differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were predicted. The BRCA GE-mRNA datasets (GSE109169 and GSE139038) were downloaded from the GEO database for identifying differentially expressed genes (DE-genes). Next, GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were conducted. A PPI network was then established, and hub genes were identified via Cytoscape software. The expression and prognostic roles of hub genes were further evaluated. Results We found 6 upregulated differentially expressed- (DE-) miRNAs and 18 downregulated DE-miRNAs by analyzing 3 Gene Expression Omnibus databases, and we predicted the upstream transcription factors and downstream target genes for these DE-miRNAs. Then, we used the GEO database to perform differential analysis on breast cancer mRNA and obtained differentially expressed mRNA. We found 10 hub genes of upregulated DE-miRNAs and 10 hub genes of downregulated DE-miRNAs through interaction analysis. Conclusions In this study, we have performed an integrated bioinformatics analysis to construct a more comprehensive BRCA-miRNA-gene network and provide new targets and research directions for the treatment and prognosis of BRCA.
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147
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Cabiati M, Randazzo E, Salvadori C, Peroni D, Federico G, Del Ry S. Circulating microRNAs associated with C-type natriuretic peptide in childhood obesity. Peptides 2020; 133:170387. [PMID: 32828851 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers of metabolic disease implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and at present, no data are available on a possible contribution of C-type natriuretic peptides (CNP)-linked miRNAs to childhood obesity. Our aims were to 1) perform an in silico-analysis to identify miRNAs targeting CNP gene; 2) recognize CNP-linked miRNAs associated with obesity; 3) characterize their circulating profiling in normal-weight (N) and obese adolescents (O). A clinical examination was performed in 25 N and 52 O adolescents. CNP plasma levels were detected by immunometric assay while miRNA expression was carried out on peripheral blood using Real-Time PCR. Plasma CNP resulted significantly lower in O than in N (5.58 ± 0.62 vs.14.78 ± 1.35 pg/mL, p < 0.0001). In silico-analysis disclosed several specific circulating CNP-linked miRNAs among which miR-33a-3p, miR-223-5p and miR-142-5p also associated with obesity. MiR-199-5p and miR-4454, known to be associated with obesity but not with CNP, were also studied. miR-223-5p and miR-33a-3p resulted significantly (p = 0.05) higher in O (0.97 ± 0.1; 0.85 ± 0.1, respectively) than in N (0.66 ± 0.11; 0.51 ± 0.08, respectively). Plasma CNP correlated inversely with miR-33a-3p (p = 0.036), miR-223-5p (p = 0.004), miR-199-5p (p = 0.003) and miR-4454 (p < 0.0001). Significantly positive correlations were observed between miR-33a-3p and miR-223-5p (p = 0.002) and between miR-199-5p and miR-4454 (p = 0.0001). Applying a multiple linear regression model, miR-142-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-223-5p, miR33a-3p, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and age were independent determinants of CNP. Our results underline the concept that expanding our knowledge on the behaviour of circulating miRNA profile may have a promising role for early identification of obese children at increased risk of cardiometabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cabiati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emioli Randazzo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Costanza Salvadori
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego Peroni
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy.
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Konečná B, Radošinská J, Keményová P, Repiská G. Detection of disease-associated microRNAs - application for autism spectrum disorders. Rev Neurosci 2020; 31:757-769. [PMID: 32813679 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) diagnostic procedure still lacks a uniform biological marker. This review gathers the information on microRNAs (miRNAs) specifically as a possible source of biomarkers of ASD. Extracellular vesicles, and their subset of exosomes, are believed to be a tool of cell-to-cell communication, and they are increasingly considered to be carriers of such a marker. The interest in studying miRNAs in extracellular vesicles grows in all fields of study and therefore should not be omitted in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders. The summary of miRNAs associated with brain cells and ASD either studied directly in the tissue or biofluids are gathered in this review. The heterogeneity in findings from different studies points out the fact that unified methods should be established, beginning with the determination of the accurate patient and control groups, through to sample collection, processing, and storage conditions. This review, based on the available literature, proposes the standardized approach to obtain the results that would not be affected by technical factors. Nowadays, the method of high-throughput sequencing seems to be the most optimal to analyze miRNAs. This should be followed by the uniformed bioinformatics procedure to avoid misvalidation. At the end, the proper validation of the obtained results is needed. With such an approach as is described in this review, it would be possible to obtain a reliable biomarker that would characterize the presence of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Konečná
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Radošinská
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Keményová
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Repiská
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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149
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Heyn GS, Corrêa LH, Magalhães KG. The Impact of Adipose Tissue-Derived miRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:563816. [PMID: 33123088 PMCID: PMC7573351 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.563816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial and complex condition that is characterized by abnormal and excessive white adipose tissue accumulation, which can lead to the development of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, and several types of cancer. Obesity is characterized by excessive adipose tissue accumulation and associated with alterations in immunity, displaying a chronic low-grade inflammation profile. Adipose tissue is a dynamic and complex endocrine organ composed not only by adipocytes, but several immunological cells, which can secrete hormones, cytokines and many other factors capable of regulating metabolic homeostasis and several critical biological pathways. Remarkably, adipose tissue is a major source of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), recently described as a novel form of adipokines. Several adipose tissue-derived miRNAs are deeply associated with adipocytes differentiation and have been identified with an essential role in obesity-associated inflammation, insulin resistance, and tumor microenvironment. During obesity, adipose tissue can completely change the profile of the secreted miRNAs, influencing circulating miRNAs and impacting the development of different pathological conditions, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. In this review, we discuss how miRNAs can act as epigenetic regulators affecting adipogenesis, adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, browning of the white adipose tissue, glucose homeostasis, and insulin resistance, impacting deeply obesity and metabolic diseases. Moreover, we characterize how miRNAs can often act as oncogenic and tumor suppressor molecules, significantly modulating cancer establishment and progression. Furthermore, we highlight in this manuscript how adipose tissue-derived miRNAs can function as important new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kelly Grace Magalhães
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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150
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Liu X, He Y, Feng Z, Sheng J, Dong A, Zhang M, Cao L. miR-345-5p regulates adipogenesis via targeting VEGF-B. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17114-17121. [PMID: 32927430 PMCID: PMC7521538 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation involves a series of highly synergistic processes, including clone amplification, proliferation arrest, and terminal differentiation. However, the mechanisms that control these different steps remain unclear. Emerging studies support that miRNAs play an important role in regulating adipogenesis. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-345-5p decreased during adipogenic differentiation, and overexpression of miR-345-5p reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes and the expression of adipocyte related genes essential to lipogenic transcription, fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid transport. In addition, miR-345-5p directly targeted the 3'UTR of vascular endothelial growth factor B, and miR-345-5p mimic inhibited the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor B at both mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that miR-345-5p inhibits adipocyte differentiation via targeting vascular endothelial growth factor B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Zhaolan Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Jianjian Sheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Aiwu Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Meiying Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Lingling Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
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