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Chappel SE, Aisbett B, Considine J, Ridgers ND. Bidirectional associations between emergency nurses' occupational and leisure physical activity: An observational study. J Sports Sci 2020; 39:705-713. [PMID: 33140995 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1841921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Emergency nursing is a physically demanding occupation yet research suggests they do not meet current physical activity guidelines. Current interventions have had limited effectiveness increasing nurses' physical activity, possibly due to a failure to acknowledge physical activity in another domain (e.g., occupational). This study aimed to determine the bidirectional associations between emergency nurses' occupational and leisure time activity levels on work days. Data from 49 emergency nurses (44 females and five males) wearing an ActiGraph accelerometer and completing work and sleep diaries for up to four weeks were analysed. An activPAL inclinometer was simultaneously worn by 41 nurses. Time spent in different activity levels and postural positions during work and leisure time were determined. Multi-level analyses examined bidirectional associations between emergency nurses' activity levels at work and during their leisure time. Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity prior to a morning shift was associated with more sedentary time and less physical activity at work. Conversely, occupational stepping time was associated with more sitting, standing and stepping time after each shift. These findings provide critical insights into how and when researchers should intervene to facilitate adequate recovery for nurses' post-shift and balance competing demands on their leisure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Erin Chappel
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Brad Aisbett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Julie Considine
- School of Nursing and Midwifery and Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Eastern Health Partnership, Box Hill, Australia
| | - Nicola Diane Ridgers
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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102
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Compernolle S, Cardon G, van der Ploeg HP, Van Nassau F, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Jelsma JJ, Brondeel R, Van Dyck D. Engagement, Acceptability, Usability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Self-Monitoring Mobile Health Intervention to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Belgian Older Adults: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e18653. [PMID: 33118951 PMCID: PMC7661260 DOI: 10.2196/18653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although healthy aging can be stimulated by the reduction of sedentary behavior, few interventions are available for older adults. Previous studies suggest that self-monitoring might be a promising behavior change technique to reduce older adults’ sedentary behavior. However, little is known about older adults’ experiences with a self-monitoring–based intervention aimed at the reduction of sedentary behavior. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate engagement, acceptability, usability, and preliminary efficacy of a self-monitoring–based mHealth intervention developed to reduce older adults’ sedentary behavior. Methods A mixed methods study was performed among 28 community-dwelling older adults living in Flanders, Belgium. The 3-week intervention consisted of general sedentary behavior information as well as visual and tactile feedback on participants’ sedentary behavior. Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore engagement with, and acceptability and usability of, the intervention. Sitting time was measured using the thigh-worn activPAL (PAL Technologies) accelerometer before and after the intervention. System usage data of the app were recorded. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired-samples t tests; qualitative data were thematically analyzed and presented using pen profiles. Results Participants mainly reported positive feelings regarding the intervention, referring to it as motivating, surprising, and interesting. They commonly reported that the intervention changed their thinking (ie, they became more aware of their sedentary behavior) but not their actual behavior. There were mixed opinions on the kind of feedback (ie, tactile vs visual) that they preferred. The intervention was considered easy to use, and the design was described as clear. Some problems were noticed regarding attaching and wearing the self-monitoring device. System usage data showed that the median frequency of consulting the app widely differed among participants, ranging from 0 to 20 times a day. No significant reductions were found in objectively measured sitting time. Conclusions Although the intervention was well perceived by the majority of older adults, no reductions in sitting time were found. Possible explanations for the lack of reductions might be the short intervention duration or the fact that only bringing the habitual sedentary behavior into conscious awareness might not be sufficient to achieve behavior change. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04003324; https://tinyurl.com/y2p4g8hx
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Compernolle
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Femke Van Nassau
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Judith J Jelsma
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ruben Brondeel
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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103
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Pereira MA, Mullane SL, Toledo MJL, Larouche ML, Rydell SA, Vuong B, Feltes LH, Mitchell NR, de Brito JN, Hasanaj K, Carlson NG, Gaesser GA, Crespo NC, Oakes JM, Buman MP. Efficacy of the 'Stand and Move at Work' multicomponent workplace intervention to reduce sedentary time and improve cardiometabolic risk: a group randomized clinical trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:133. [PMID: 33109190 PMCID: PMC7592578 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sedentary time is associated with chronic disease and premature mortality. We tested a multilevel workplace intervention with and without sit-stand workstations to reduce sedentary time and lower cardiometabolic risk. Methods Stand and Move at Work was a group (cluster) randomized trial conducted between January 2016 and December 2017 among full-time employees; ≥18 years; and in academic, industry/healthcare, and government worksites in Phoenix, Arizona and Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. Eligible worksites were randomized to (a) MOVE+, a multilevel intervention targeting reduction in sedentary time and increases in light physical activity (LPA); or (b) STAND+, the MOVE+ intervention along with sit-stand workstations to allow employees to sit or stand while working. The primary endpoints were objectively-measured workplace sitting and LPA at 12 months. The secondary endpoint was a clustered cardiometabolic risk score (blood pressure, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol) at 12 months. Results Worksites (N = 24; academic [n = 8], industry/healthcare [n = 8], and government [n = 8] sectors) and employees (N = 630; 27 ± 8 per worksite; 45 ± 11 years of age, 74% female) were enrolled. All worksites were retained and 487 participants completed the intervention and provided data for the primary endpoint. The adjusted between arm difference in sitting at 12 months was − 59.2 (CI: − 74.6,-43.8) min per 8 h workday, favoring STAND+, and in LPA at 12 months was + 2.2 (− 0.9,5.4) min per 8 h workday. Change in the clustered metabolic risk score was small and not statistically significant, but favored STAND+. In an exploratory subgroup of 95 participants with prediabetes or diabetes, the effect sizes were larger and clinically meaningful, all favoring STAND+, including blood glucose, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, LDL-cholesterol, body weight, and body fat. Conclusions Multilevel workplace interventions that include the use of sit-stand workstations are effective for large reductions in sitting time over 12 months. Among those with prediabetes or diabetes, clinical improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors and body weight may be realized. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02566317. Registered 2 October 2015, first participant enrolled 11 January 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Pereira
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Sarah L Mullane
- Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, 500 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | | | - Miranda L Larouche
- Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, 500 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Sarah A Rydell
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | | | - Nathan R Mitchell
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Junia N de Brito
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Kristina Hasanaj
- Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, 500 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Neil G Carlson
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Glenn A Gaesser
- Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, 500 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | | | - J Michael Oakes
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Matthew P Buman
- Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, 500 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
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104
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Relationship Between Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity at Work and Cognition and Mood. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:1140-1152. [PMID: 33065528 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior is negatively associated with cognition and mood. Adults often engage in high levels of sedentary behavior at work through sitting, which may impact productivity. Consequently, replacing sitting with standing and physical activity (PA) is recommended. However, the associations between sitting, standing, and PA at work and cognition and mood are unknown; this study, therefore, aimed to explore these relationships. METHODS A total of 75 healthy full-time workers (33 male, mean [SD]; 33.6 [10.4] y, 38 [7] work hr/wk) wore sedentary behavior (activPAL) and PA (SenseWear Pro) monitors for 7 days and recorded their work hours. The day after this monitoring period, participants completed cognitive tests (executive function, attention, and working memory) and mood questionnaires (affect, alert, content, and calm). Multiple linear regression analyses examined the associations between cognition and mood and the time spent sitting, standing, and in each PA intensity during work hours, weekday leisure time, and weekends. RESULTS Workplace sitting, standing, or PA were not significantly associated with cognition or mood (P > .05). No significant associations were observed between these variables during weekday leisure time or weekends (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS In a cohort of healthy workers, workplace sitting, standing, and PA are not associated with cognition or mood. Further research in this population is needed, examining the influence of workplace behaviors on cognition and mood, because this will contribute to evidence-based workplace guidelines to increase productivity.
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105
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Effects of a wearable technology-based physical activity intervention on sleep quality in breast cancer survivors: the ACTIVATE Trial. J Cancer Surviv 2020; 15:273-280. [PMID: 32875536 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-020-00930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity interventions can improve sleep quality in breast cancer survivors. This paper examines the effects of the ACTIVATE Trial, a wearable-based physical activity intervention (Garmin Vivofit2® coupled with behavioral feedback, goal setting, and health coaching) on sleep outcomes. METHODS Post-primary treatment, inactive, postmenopausal breast cancer survivors were recruited and randomized to primary intervention or waitlist. Wrist-worn actigraphy (sleep onset latency, SOL; total sleep time, TST; sleep efficiency, SE; wake after sleep onset, WASO; and number of awakenings, NWAKE) and questionnaire-derived sleep measures (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were assessed at baseline (T1), 12 weeks (end of primary intervention and start of waitlist intervention, T2), and at 24 weeks (T3). RESULTS Eighty-three women (mean age = 62 years) were randomized; trial retention was 94% at T2 and 87% at T3. At T2, primary intervention participants had greater improvements in WASO (- 5.7 min, 95% CI - 11.7 to - 0.2) and NWAKE compared with the waitlist arm (- 2.0, 95% CI - 3.6 to - 0.4). At T3, within-group improvements were observed for SE (both groups), WASO (both groups), NWAKE (primary intervention group only), total PSQI score (primary intervention group), and sleep efficacy (primary intervention group). CONCLUSIONS The intervention reduced actigraphy-measured sleep disturbances. Within-group analyses suggest that improvements in sleep quality are sustained over a longer duration, and there may be similar benefits from an abridged intervention (wearable device only). Actigraphy-measured effects appeared stronger in participants who were poor sleepers at study entry. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Wearable technology can increase physical activity and improve sleep for breast cancer survivors.
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106
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Edwardson CL, Henson J, Biddle SJH, Davies MJ, Khunti K, Maylor B, Yates T. activPAL and ActiGraph Assessed Sedentary Behavior and Cardiometabolic Health Markers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:391-397. [PMID: 31479008 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish whether associations between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic health differ when assessed by thigh-worn and waist-worn accelerometry. METHODS Participants were recruited from several areas in the United Kingdom. Sedentary behavior was assessed using the activPAL worn on the thigh and ActiGraph worn on the waist. Average total (TST), prolonged (bouts ≥30 min; PST) and breaks (BST) in sedentary time were calculated. Cardiometabolic health markers included: adiposity (body fat) and surrogate markers of adiposity ((waist circumference, body mass index [BMI]), lipids (total, low density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, triglycerides), blood pressure, and glucose (fasting, 2 h and glycated hemoglobin A1c). A clustered cardiometabolic risk score was calculated. Linear regression analysis examined the associations with cardiometabolic health. RESULTS There were 1457 participants (mean age [± standard deviation], 59.38 ± 11.85 yr; 51.7% male; mean BMI, 30.19 ± 5.59 kg·m) included in the analyses. ActivPAL and ActiGraph sedentary variables were moderately correlated (0.416-0.511, P < 0.01); however, all variables were significantly different from each other (P < 0.05). Consistency was observed across devices in the direction and magnitude of associations of TST and PST with adiposity, surrogate markers of adiposity, HDL, triglycerides, and cardiometabolic risk score and for BST with adiposity, surrogate markers of adiposity, and cardiometabolic risk. Differences across devices were observed in associations of TST and PST with diastolic blood pressure, for TST with 2-h glucose and for BST with HDL. No other associations were observed for any other health marker for either device. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that associations with cardiometabolic health are largely comparable across the two common assessments of sedentary behavior but some small differences may exist for certain health markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Education City, Springfield Central, QLD, AUSTRALIA
| | | | | | - Benjamin Maylor
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UNITED KINGDOM
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107
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Hamer M, Stamatakis E, Chastin S, Pearson N, Brown M, Gilbert E, Sullivan A. Feasibility of Measuring Sedentary Time Using Data From a Thigh-Worn Accelerometer. Am J Epidemiol 2020; 189:963-971. [PMID: 32219368 PMCID: PMC7443760 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In large-scale cohort studies, sedentary behavior has been routinely measured using self-reports or devices that apply a count-based threshold. We employed a gold standard postural allocation technique using thigh inclination and acceleration to capture free-living sedentary behavior. Participants aged 46.8 (standard deviation (SD), 0.7) years (n = 5,346) from the 1970 British Cohort Study (United Kingdom) were fitted with a waterproofed thigh-mounted accelerometer device (activPAL3 micro; PAL Technologies Ltd., Glasgow, United Kingdom) worn continuously over 7 days; data were collected in 2016-2018. Usable data were retrieved from 83.0% of the devices fitted, with 79.6% of the sample recording at least 6 full days of wear (at least 10 waking hours). Total daily sitting time (average times were 9.5 (SD, 2.0) hours/day for men and 9.0 (SD, 2.0) hours/day for women) accounted for 59.4% and 57.3% of waking hours in men and women, respectively; 73.8% of sample participants recorded ≥8 hours/day of sitting. Sitting in prolonged bouts of 60 continuous minutes or more accounted for 25.3% and 24.4% of total daily sitting in men and women, respectively. In mutually adjusted models, male sex, underweight, obesity, education, poor self-rated health, television-viewing time, and having a sedentary occupation were associated with higher device-measured sitting times. Thigh-worn accelerometry was feasibly deployed and should be considered for larger-scale national surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hamer
- Correspondence to Prof. Mark Hamer, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom (e-mail: )
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108
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Veitch WG, Climie RE, Gabbe BJ, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Ekegren CL. Agreement between the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Accelerometry in Adults with Orthopaedic Injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176139. [PMID: 32846977 PMCID: PMC7504024 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Orthopaedic injury can lead to decreased physical activity. Valid measures for assessing physical activity are therefore needed in this population. The aim of this study was to determine the agreement and concordance between the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ) and device-measured physical activity and sitting time in orthopaedic injury patients. Adults with isolated upper or lower limb fracture (n = 46; mean age of 40.5 years) wore two activity monitors (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT and activPAL) for 10 days, from 2 weeks post-discharge. The IPAQ was also completed for a concurrent 7-day period. Lin's concordance correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots were calculated to compare walking/stepping time, total METmins, and sitting time. The IPAQ overestimated device-derived walking time (mean difference = 2.34 ± 7.33 h/week) and total METmins (mean difference = 767 ± 1659 METmins/week) and underestimated sitting time (mean difference = -2.26 ± 3.87 h/day). There was fair concordance between IPAQ-reported and device-measured walking (ρ = 0.34) and sitting time (ρ = 0.38) and moderate concordance between IPAQ-reported and device-measured METmins (ρ = 0.43). In patients with orthopaedic injury, the IPAQ overestimates physical activity and underestimates sitting time. Higher agreement was observed in the forms of activity (walking, total PA and sitting) commonly performed by this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G. Veitch
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (W.G.V.); (B.J.G.)
| | - Rachel E. Climie
- Sports Cardiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia;
| | - Belinda J. Gabbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (W.G.V.); (B.J.G.)
- Health Data Research UK, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8QA, UK
| | - David W. Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia;
| | - Neville Owen
- Behavioural Epidemiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia;
- Swinburne Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia
| | - Christina L. Ekegren
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (W.G.V.); (B.J.G.)
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia;
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Frankston 3199, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9903-0939
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109
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Yates T, Edwardson CL, Celis-Morales C, Biddle SJH, Bodicoat D, Davies MJ, Esliger D, Henson J, Kazi A, Khunti K, Sattar N, Sinclair AJ, Rowlands A, Velayudhan L, Zaccardi F, Gill JMR. Metabolic Effects of Breaking Prolonged Sitting With Standing or Light Walking in Older South Asians and White Europeans: A Randomized Acute Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:139-146. [PMID: 30403772 PMCID: PMC6909896 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged sitting is common in older adults and is associated with insulin resistance and poor cardiometabolic health. We investigate whether breaking prolonged sitting with regular short bouts of standing or light walking improves postprandial metabolism in older white European and South Asian adults and whether effects are modified by ethnic group. Methods Thirty South Asian (15 women) and 30 white European (14 women) older adults (aged 65–79 years) undertook three experimental conditions in random order. (a) Prolonged sitting: continuous sitting during an observation period if 7.5 hours consuming two standardized mixed meals. (b) Standing breaks: sitting interrupted with 5 minutes of standing every 30 minutes (accumulating 60 minutes of standing over the observation period). (c) Walking breaks: sitting interrupted with 5 minutes of self-paced light walking every 30 minutes (accumulating 60 minutes of walking). Blood samples (glucose, insulin, triglycerides) and blood pressure were sampled regularly throughout each condition. Results Compared with prolonged sitting, walking breaks lowered postprandial insulin by 16.3 mU/L, (95% CI: 19.7, 22.0) with greater reductions (p = .029) seen in South Asians (22.4 mU/L; 12.4, 32.4) than white Europeans (10.3 mU/L; 5.9, 14.7). Glucose (0.3 mmol/L; 0.1, 0.5) and blood pressure (4 mm Hg; 2, 6), but not triglycerides, were lower with walking breaks, with no ethnic differences. Standing breaks did not improve any outcome. Conclusions Breaking prolonged sitting with short bouts of light walking, but not standing, resulted in clinically meaningful improvements in markers of metabolic health in older adults, with South Asians gaining a greater reduction in postprandial insulin. Trial Registration NCT02453204
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Australia
- Address correspondence to: Thomas Yates, PhD, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK. E-mail:
| | - Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Australia
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Australia
| | - Danielle Bodicoat
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Australia
| | - Dale Esliger
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Birmingham
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Loughborough, Diabetes Frail Ltd and University of Aston, Birmingham
| | - Joe Henson
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Australia
| | - Aadil Kazi
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Diabetes Frail Ltd and University of Aston, Birmingham
| | - Kamesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
- NIHR Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) East Midlands, Diabetes Frail Ltd and University of Aston, Birmingham
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Australia
| | - Alan J Sinclair
- Foundation for Diabetes Research in Older People, Diabetes Frail Ltd and University of Aston, Birmingham
| | - Alex Rowlands
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Australia
| | - Latha Velayudhan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King’s College London
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester
| | - Francesco Zaccardi
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
| | - Jason M R Gill
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Australia
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110
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Simpson DB, Breslin M, Cumming T, de Zoete SA, Gall SL, Schmidt M, English C, Callisaya ML. Sedentary time and activity behaviors after stroke rehabilitation: Changes in the first 3 months home. Top Stroke Rehabil 2020; 28:42-51. [PMID: 32578523 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1783917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary time is prevalent following stroke, limiting functional improvement, and increasing cardiovascular risk. At discharge we examined: 1) change in sedentary time and activity over the following 3 months' and 2) physical, psychological or cognitive factors predicting any change. A secondary aim examined cross-sectional associations between factors and activity at 3 months. METHODS People with stroke (n = 34) were recruited from two rehabilitation units. An activity monitor (ActivPAL3) was worn for 7 days during the first week home and 3 months later. Factors examined included physical, psychological, and cognitive function. Linear mixed models (adjusted for waking hours) were used to examine changes in sedentary time, walking, and step count over time. Interaction terms between time and each factor were added to the model to determine if they modified change over time. Linear regression was performed to determine factors cross-sectionally associated with 3-month activity. RESULTS ActivPAL data were available at both time points for 28 (82%) participants (mean age 69 [SD 12] years). At 3 months, participants spent 39 fewer minutes sedentary (95%CI -70,-8 p = .01), 21 minutes more walking (95%CI 2,22 p = .02) and completed 1112 additional steps/day (95%CI 268,1956 p = .01), compared to the first week home. No factors predicted change in activity. At 3 months, greater depression (β 22 mins (95%CI 8,36) p = .004) and slower gait speed (β - 43 mins 95%CI -59,-27 p ≤ 0.001) were associated with more sedentary time and less walking activity, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary time reduced and walking activity increased between discharge home and 3 months later. Interventions targeting mood and physical function may warrant testing to reduce sedentary behavior 3 months following discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn B Simpson
- Menzies Institute of Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Australia.,Physiotherapy Department, Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmanian Health Service - South , Hobart, Australia
| | - Monique Breslin
- Menzies Institute of Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Australia
| | - Toby Cumming
- Stroke Division, Florey Institute of Neurosciences and Mental Health , Heidleberg, Australia
| | - Sam A de Zoete
- Physiotherapy Department, Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmanian Health Service - South , Hobart, Australia
| | - Seana L Gall
- Menzies Institute of Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Australia
| | - Matthew Schmidt
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Australia
| | - Coralie English
- School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle , Newcastle, Australia.,Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute , New Lambton Heights, Australia.,School of Health Sciences and Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michele L Callisaya
- Menzies Institute of Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Australia.,Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia
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Maasakkers CM, Melis RJF, Kessels RPC, Gardiner PA, Olde Rikkert MGM, Thijssen DHJ, Claassen JAHR. The short-term effects of sedentary behaviour on cerebral hemodynamics and cognitive performance in older adults: a cross-over design on the potential impact of mental and/or physical activity. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2020; 12:76. [PMID: 32571399 PMCID: PMC7310280 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour might be a potential risk factor for cognitive decline. However, the short-term effects of sedentary behaviour on (cerebro) vascular and cognitive performance in older people are unknown. METHODS We used a cross-over design with 22 older adults (78 years, 9 females) to assess the short-term hemodynamic and cognitive effects of three hours uninterrupted sitting and explored if these effects can be counteracted with regular (every 30 min) two-minute walking breaks. In addition, we investigated if low versus high mental activity during the three hours of sitting modified these effects. Before and after each condition, alertness, executive functioning, and working memory were assessed with the Test of Attentional Performance battery. Additionally, cerebral blood flow velocity (Transcranial Doppler) and blood pressure (Finapres) were measured in rest, and during sit-to-stand and CO2 challenges to assess baroreflex sensitivity, cerebral autoregulation, and cerebral vasomotor reactivity. RESULTS No short-term differences were observed in cognitive performance, cerebral blood flow velocity, baroreflex sensitivity, cerebral autoregulation, or cerebral vasomotor reactivity across time, or between conditions. Blood pressure and cerebrovascular resistance increased over time (8.6 mmHg (5.0;12.1), p < 0.001), and 0.23 in resistance (0.01;0.45), p = 0.04). However, these effects were not mitigated by mental activity or by short walking breaks to interrupt sitting. CONCLUSIONS In older individuals, three hours of sitting did not influence cognitive performance or cerebral perfusion. However, the sitting period increased blood pressure and cerebrovascular resistance, which are known to negatively impact brain health in the long-term. Importantly, we found that these effects in older individuals cannot be mitigated by higher mental activity and/or regular walking breaks. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trial registration URL: https://www.toetsingonline.nl/. Unique identifier: NL64309.091.17. Date of registration: 06-02-2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn M Maasakkers
- Department of Geriatrics/Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René J F Melis
- Department of Geriatrics/Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roy P C Kessels
- Department of Medical Psychology/Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Center for Cognition, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A Gardiner
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marcel G M Olde Rikkert
- Department of Geriatrics/Radboud Alzheimer Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dick H J Thijssen
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jurgen A H R Claassen
- Department of Geriatrics/Radboud Alzheimer Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Randomised Controlled Feasibility Study of the MyHealthAvatar-Diabetes Smartphone App for Reducing Prolonged Sitting Time in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124414. [PMID: 32575482 PMCID: PMC7345154 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a self-regulation smartphone app for reducing prolonged sitting in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This was a two-arm, randomised, controlled feasibility trial. The intervention group used the MyHealthAvatar-Diabetes smartphone app for 8 weeks. The app uses a number of behaviour change techniques aimed at reducing and breaking up sitting time. Eligibility, recruitment, retention, and completion rates for the outcomes (sitting, standing, stepping, and health-related measures) assessed trial feasibility. Interviews with participants explored intervention acceptability. Participants with T2DM were randomised to the control (n = 10) and intervention groups (n = 10). Recruitment and retention rates were 71% and 90%, respectively. The remaining participants provided 100% of data for the study measures. The MyHealthAvatar-Diabetes app was viewed as acceptable for reducing and breaking up sitting time. There were preliminary improvements in the number of breaks in sitting per day, body fat %, glucose tolerance, attitude, intention, planning, wellbeing, and positive and negative affect in favour of the intervention group. In conclusion, the findings indicate that it would be feasible to deliver and evaluate the efficacy of the MyHealthAvatar-Diabetes app for breaking up sitting time and improving health outcomes in a full trial.
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Dohrn IM, Gardiner PA, Winkler E, Welmer AK. Device-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity in older adults differ by demographic and health-related factors. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2020; 17:8. [PMID: 32537028 PMCID: PMC7291490 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-020-00241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our aim was to describe and explore older adults' device-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity (PA) pattern by sex, age, education, marital status, body mass index, and physical function; and to assess agreement regarding fulfillment of PA recommendations, i.e. 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA), between device-measured and self-reported PA. Method We included 656 older adults (64% women), aged 66, 81-87 or ≥ 90 years from a Swedish population-based cohort study. The activPAL3 accelerometer provided information on sedentary behavior (sedentary time, sedentary bouts, sit-to-stand transitions) and PA. Stepping ≥100 steps/min was considered MVPA; standing and stepping < 100 steps/min were considered light-intensity PA (LPA). Self-reported PA was compared with min/week in MVPA and steps/day. Results On average, 60% of wear time was spent sedentary, 36% in LPA, and 4% in MVPA. Relative to men, women, had significantly (p < 0.05) more sit-to-stand transitions, spent 33 min/day less sedentary and 27 min/day more in LPA, and were more likely to report meeting PA recommendations, but showed no difference in steps/day, MVPA, or sedentary bout duration. Older age was associated with more sedentary time, lower MVPA and fewer steps/day. The prevalence of meeting PA recommendations was 59% device-measured and 88% by self-report with limited agreement between methods (Cohen's Kappa = 0.21, Spearman's rho = 0.28). Age differences were much more pronounced with objective measures than by self-report. Conclusions We found significant sex differences in sedentary behavior and time in LPA in older adults, but not in MVPA, in contrast to previous findings. Sedentary time increased with age, with small differences in accumulation pattern. MVPA time was lower with older age, obesity, and poor physical function. A majority of the participants > 80 years did not meet the PA recommendations. Given the strong relationships between sedentary behavior, PA and health in older adults, programs are needed to address these behaviors. Agreement between device-measured and self-reported fulfillment of PA recommendations was limited. Device-based measurement adds value to PA studies, providing richer and different data than self-report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ing-Mari Dohrn
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.,Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul A Gardiner
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Winkler
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Anna-Karin Welmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.,Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Allied Health Professionals, Function Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
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Natural Patterns of Sitting, Standing and Stepping During and Outside Work-Differences between Habitual Users and Non-Users of Sit-Stand Workstations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17114075. [PMID: 32521625 PMCID: PMC7312662 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sit-stand workstations have shown to reduce sitting time in office workers on a group level. However, movement behaviour patterns might differ between subgroups of workers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine sitting, standing and stepping outcomes between habitual users and non-users of sit-stand workstations. From an international office population based in the Netherlands, 24 users and 25 non-users of sit-stand workstations were included (all had long-term access to these workstations). Using the ActivPAL, sitting, standing and stepping were objectively measured during and outside working hours. Differences in outcomes between users and non-users were analysed using linear regression. During working hours, users sat less (-1.64; 95% IC= -2.27--1.01 hour/8 hour workday) and stood more (1.51; 95% IC= 0.92-2.10 hour/8 hour workday) than non-users. Attenuated but similar differences were also found for total sitting time over the whole week. Furthermore, time in static standing bouts was relatively high for users during working hours (median= 0.56; IQR = 0.19-1.08 hour/8 hour workday). During non-working hours on workdays and during non-working days, no differences were found between users and non-users. During working hours, habitual users of their sit-stand workstation sat substantially less and stood proportionally more than non-users. No differences were observed outside working hours, leading to attenuated but similar differences in total sitting and standing time between users and non-users for total days. This indicated that the users of sit-stand workstations reduced their sitting time at work, but this seemed not to be accompanied by major carry-over or compensatory effects outside working hours.
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Ekegren CL, Ashe MC, Gabbe BJ. Association between Patient-Reported Health Status and Physical Activity Six Months after Upper and Lower Limb Fractures in Working-Aged Adults. PM R 2020; 13:353-363. [PMID: 32462821 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity limitations are common following upper and lower limb fractures in adults of working age. There is a lack of research investigating the factors associated with these limitations, such as pain, mental health problems, and mobility impairments. OBJECTIVES To report health status (EQ-5D) 6 months after upper and lower limb fracture in adults of working age (ages 18-69 years), and to determine the association between sedentary behavior (sitting time) and physical activity (steps, moderate-intensity physical activity [MPA]) 2 weeks and 6 months post-fracture with health status 6 months post-fracture. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Major (level I) trauma center. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-three adults 18-69 years of age with upper or lower limb fractures who were recruited consecutively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants wore ActiGraph and activPAL accelerometers for 10 days, 2 weeks and 6 months post-fracture. At 6 months, participants completed the EQ-5D. We used linear mixed-effects multivariable regression analyses to explore associations between EQ-5D domains and sitting time, steps, or physical activity. RESULTS Participants with mobility problems (compared to participants without) were highly sedentary at 2 weeks (β = 0.86, P = .04), took fewer steps/d (Ratio of Geometric Means [RGM] = 0.62, P = .02) and engaged in less MPA (RGM = 0.32, P = .01). In addition, they engaged in less MPA at 6 months (RGM = 0.52, P = .02). Participants with self-care problems (compared with participants without) took fewer steps per day at 6 months (RGM = 0.78, P = .04), and engaged in less MPA at 2 weeks (RGM = 0.31, P = .01) and 6 months (RGM = 0.48, P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Adults with mobility and self-care problems 6 months post-fracture engaged in high levels of sedentary behavior and low levels of physical activity. These findings can guide clinicians on health problems to target in order to maximize recovery of physical activity following fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Ekegren
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Emergency and Trauma Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maureen C Ashe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Family Practice, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Belinda J Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Dohrn IM, Papenberg G, Winkler E, Welmer AK. Impact of dopamine-related genetic variants on physical activity in old age - a cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:68. [PMID: 32448293 PMCID: PMC7245799 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The beneficial effects of a physically active lifestyle in aging are well documented. Understanding the factors of importance for physical activity in older adults are therefore essential. Informed by animal and human data linking the dopamine system to motivation and reward processes, we investigated the associations between variations in dopamine genes and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Further, we aimed to verify whether higher age may exacerbate the impact of dopamine genes on physical activity. METHODS We analyzed data from 504 older adults, 66-87 years, from the population-based Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K). Physical activity was measured with activPAL accelerometers and DNA was extracted from blood samples for genotyping. We assessed the effects of three dopamine relevant genetic variations (DRD1, DRD2, and DRD3) on daily time in sedentary behavior, light-intensity physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity using analyses of covariance, adjusting for sex, age and physical function. RESULTS Higher dopamine receptor efficacy was related to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, but not to light-intensity physical activity or sedentary time. DRD1 explained 2.7% of variance in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, with more pronounced effect in people aged ≥80 years, about 10% of explained variance. CONCLUSION Stronger genetic effects in older adults are in line with the well-established nonlinear effects of dopamine signaling on performance, expected to be exacerbated with aging. Individuals over 80 years, genetically predisposed to lower dopamine receptor efficacy, engaged on average 100 min/week in moderate-to-high physical activity, below the recommended levels beneficial for healthy aging. Our findings highlight that some individuals might need extra support to maintain a physically active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ing-Mari Dohrn
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18 A, Solna, SE-171 65, Sweden.
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18 A, Solna, SE-171 65, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Winkler
- School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Anna-Karin Welmer
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18 A, Solna, SE-171 65, Sweden.,Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Allied Health Professionals, Function Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
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Clemes SA, Bingham DD, Pearson N, Chen YL, Edwardson C, McEachan R, Tolfrey K, Cale L, Richardson G, Fray M, Altunkaya J, Bandelow S, Jaicim NB, Barber SE. Sit–stand desks to reduce sedentary behaviour in 9- to 10-year-olds: the Stand Out in Class pilot cluster RCT. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.3310/phr08080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Sedentary behaviour (sitting) is a highly prevalent negative health behaviour, with individuals of all ages exposed to environments that promote prolonged sitting. The school classroom represents an ideal setting for environmental change through the provision of sit–stand desks.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to undertake a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial of the introduction of sit–stand desks in primary school classrooms, to inform a definitive trial. Objectives included providing information on school and participant recruitment and retention, acceptability of the intervention, and outcome measures. A preliminary estimate of the intervention’s effectiveness on the proposed primary outcome (change in weekday sitting time) for inclusion in a definitive trial was calculated, along with a preliminary assessment of potential cost-effectiveness. A full process evaluation was also undertaken.
Design
A two-armed pilot cluster randomised controlled trial with economic and qualitative evaluations. Schools were randomised on a 1 : 1 basis to the intervention (n = 4) or control (n = 4) trial arms.
Setting
Primary schools in Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK.
Participants
Children in Year 5 (i.e. aged 9–10 years).
Intervention
Six sit–stand desks replaced three standard desks (sitting six children) in the intervention classrooms for 4.5 months. Teachers were encouraged to ensure that all pupils were exposed to the sit–stand desks for at least 1 hour per day, on average, using a rotation system. Schools assigned to the control arm continued with their usual practice.
Main outcome measures
Trial feasibility outcomes included school and participant recruitment and attrition, acceptability of the intervention, and acceptability of and compliance with the proposed outcome measures [including weekday sitting measured using activPAL™ (PAL Technologies Ltd, Glasgow, UK) accelerometers, physical activity, adiposity, blood pressure, cognitive function, musculoskeletal comfort, academic progress, engagement and behaviour].
Results
Thirty-three per cent of schools approached and 75% (n = 176) of eligible children took part. At the 7-month follow-up, retention rates were 100% for schools and 97% for children. Outcome measure completion rates ranged from 63% to 97%. A preliminary estimate of intervention effectiveness, from a weighted linear regression model (adjusting for baseline sitting time and wear time) revealed a mean difference in change in sitting of –30.6 minutes per day (95% confidence interval –56.42 to –4.84 minutes per day) between the intervention and control trial arms. The process evaluation revealed that the intervention, recruitment and evaluation procedures were acceptable to teachers and children, with the exception of minor issues around activPAL attachment. A preliminary within-trial economic analysis revealed no difference between intervention and control trial arms in health and education resource use or outcomes. Long-term modelling estimated an unadjusted incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of Stand Out in Class of £78,986 per quality-adjusted life-year gained.
Conclusion
This study has provided evidence of the acceptability and feasibility of the Stand Out in Class intervention and evaluation methods. Preliminary evidence suggests that the intervention may have a positive direction of effect on weekday sitting time, which warrants testing in a full cluster randomised controlled trial. Lessons learnt from this trial will inform the planning of a definitive trial.
Trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN12915848.
Funding
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 8, No. 8. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A Clemes
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Daniel D Bingham
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Natalie Pearson
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Yu-Ling Chen
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Charlotte Edwardson
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Keith Tolfrey
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Lorraine Cale
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Mike Fray
- Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Stephan Bandelow
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Sally E Barber
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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Clemes SA, Bingham DD, Pearson N, Chen YL, Edwardson CL, McEachan RRC, Tolfrey K, Cale L, Richardson G, Fray M, Altunkaya J, Bandelow S, Jaicim NB, Salmon J, Dunstan DW, Barber SE. Stand Out in Class: restructuring the classroom environment to reduce sitting time - findings from a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:55. [PMID: 32349761 PMCID: PMC7189432 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive sedentary behaviour (sitting) is a risk factor for poor health in children and adults. Incorporating sit-stand desks in the classroom environment has been highlighted as a potential strategy to reduce children’s sitting time. The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of conducting a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a sit-stand desk intervention within primary school classrooms. Methods We conducted a two-armed pilot cluster RCT involving 8 primary schools in Bradford, United Kingdom. Schools were randomised on a 1:1 basis to the intervention or usual practice control arm. All children (aged 9–10 years) in participating classes were eligible to take part. Six sit-stand desks replaced three standard desks (sitting 6 children) in the intervention classrooms for 4.5-months. Teachers were encouraged to use a rotation system to ensure all pupils were exposed to the sit-stand desks for > 1 h/day on average. Trial feasibility outcomes (assessed using quantitative and qualitative measures) included school and participant recruitment and attrition, intervention and outcome measure completion rates, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of the intervention for reducing sitting time. A weighted linear regression model compared changes in weekday sitting time (assessed using the activPAL accelerometer) between trial arms. Results School and child recruitment rates were 33% (n = 8) and 75% (n = 176). At follow-up, retention rates were 100% for schools and 97% for children. Outcome measure completion rates ranged from 63 to 97%. A preliminary estimate of intervention effectiveness revealed a mean difference in change in sitting of − 30.6 min/day (95% CI: − 56.42 to − 4.84) in favour of the intervention group, after adjusting for baseline sitting and wear time. Qualitative measures revealed the intervention and evaluation procedures were acceptable to teachers and children, except for some problems with activPAL attachment. Conclusion This study provides evidence of the acceptability and feasibility of a sit-stand desk intervention and evaluation methods. Preliminary evidence suggests the intervention showed potential in reducing children’s weekday sitting but some adaptations to the desk rotation system are needed to maximize exposure. Lessons learnt from this trial will inform the planning of a definitive trial. Trial registration ISRCTN12915848 (registered: 09/11/16).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A Clemes
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK. .,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK.
| | - Daniel D Bingham
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Natalie Pearson
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Yu-Ling Chen
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Charlotte L Edwardson
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK.,Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rosemary R C McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Keith Tolfrey
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Lorraine Cale
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Gerry Richardson
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Mike Fray
- Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - James Altunkaya
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Stephan Bandelow
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, St. George's University, West Indies, Grenada
| | | | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sally E Barber
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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Hamer M, Stamatakis E. The descriptive epidemiology of standing activity during free-living in 5412 middle-aged adults: the 1970 British Cohort Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 74:757-760. [PMID: 32350124 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-213783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standing is often classified as light-intensity physical activity, with potential health benefits compared with sitting. Standing is, however, rarely captured as an independent activity. To better understand free-living standing behaviour at a population level, we incorporated a gold standard postural allocation technique into a national cohort study. METHODS Participants (n=5412, aged 46.8±0.7 years) from the 1970 British Cohort Study were fitted with a water-proofed thigh-mounted accelerometer device (activPAL3 micro) worn 24 hours continuously over 7 days (90.7% provided at least 3 full days). We examined the correlates of free-living standing during waking hours. RESULTS Total daily standing time averaged 4.6±1.5 h/d, accounting for 29% of waking hours, which was largely (98.7%) accumulated in bouts lasting less than 30 min. In mutually adjusted models, male sex, obesity, diabetes, professional occupation, poor self-rated health and disability were associated with lower device-measured standing times. CONCLUSION Middle-aged people in Britain spent a surprisingly large proportion of the day in activities involving standing. Standing merits attention as a health-related posture and may represent a potential target for public health intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hamer
- Institute Sport Exercise & Health, Division Surgery Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Emergency nurses' activity levels across rotating shifts. Australas Emerg Care 2020; 23:203-210. [PMID: 32253131 DOI: 10.1016/j.auec.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency nurses work consecutive, rotating shift patterns. However, how their occupational physical activity levels are associated between these shifts is unknown. This study aimed to examine the associations between emergency nurses' time spent in different activity levels across one shift and the following day's shift. METHODS Fifty emergency nurses (45 female, five male) wore an ActiGraph accelerometer and completed work and sleep diaries across four weeks in 2018. A sub-sample (n = 42) also wore an activPAL inclinometer. Time spent sedentary, physically active, and in postural positions was determined. Multi-level analyses examined associations between one shift and the following day's shift. RESULTS Additional time spent sedentary and in light-intensity physical activity during the first shift was associated with more time spent being physically active in the following day's shift for all rotations except back-to-back night shifts. However, additional time spent engaged in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity during the first shift was associated with less time spent physically active in the following day's shift for afternoon-morning and morning-afternoon rotations. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that shift sequences may impact emergency nurses' physical activity across shifts. Future research should identify the strategies emergency nurses use to maintain activity levels between shifts.
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Kinnear FJ, Hamilton-Shield JP, Stensel DJ, Bayly G, Searle A, Thackray AE, Lithander FE. Nutrition and physical activity intervention for families with familial hypercholesterolaemia: protocol for a pilot randomised controlled feasibility study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:42. [PMID: 32266080 PMCID: PMC7115059 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Untreated heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) causes high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Despite pharmacological treatment, many treated individuals remain at higher CVD risk than non-affected individuals. This may be due to LDL-C targets not being met and presence of other CVD risk factors. Adhering to dietary and physical activity (PA) recommendations developed for individuals with FH may further reduce CVD risk. However, there is insufficient research to support the efficacy of adhering to these guidelines on LDL-C and other CVD risk factors. The need for studies to investigate the effectiveness of nutrition and PA interventions in the FH population has been widely recognised and recommended. This paper describes the protocol of a pilot, randomised controlled trial designed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a specifically developed nutrition and PA intervention aimed at improving the dietary intakes and PA levels of families with FH. METHODS A two-arm randomised waitlist-controlled pilot trial will be conducted across three National Health Service (NHS) sites in England, UK. Twenty-four young people with FH, aged 10-18 years, and their affected parent, will be recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention or waitlist and usual care control. The primary aim is to provide evidence for the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the intervention, explored quantitatively (rates of recruitment, retention and outcome measure completeness) and qualitatively (qualitative interviews). The secondary aim is to provide evidence for the potential efficacy of the intervention on dietary intake, PA, sedentary time, body composition, CVD risk factors and quality of life determined at baseline and endpoint assessments. The intervention will involve an hour-long consultation with a dietitian at baseline and four follow-up contacts across the 12-week intervention. It has been specifically developed for use with individuals with FH and incorporates behavioural change techniques to target identified enablers and barriers to adherence in this population. DISCUSSION This trial will estimate the feasibility and acceptability of the nutrition and PA intervention delivered to young people and parents with FH. If appropriate, this study can be used to inform the design of an adequately powered definitive trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN, ISRCTN24880714. Registered 07/06/2018, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN24880714.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona J. Kinnear
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre (Nutrition Theme), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Julian P. Hamilton-Shield
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre (Nutrition Theme), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David J. Stensel
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, UK
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Infirmary Square, Leicester, UK
| | - Graham Bayly
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Aidan Searle
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre (Nutrition Theme), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alice E. Thackray
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, UK
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Infirmary Square, Leicester, UK
| | - Fiona E. Lithander
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre (Nutrition Theme), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Wagnild JM, Pollard TM. Associations Between Television Time and activPAL-Measured Duration and Pattern of Sedentary Time Among Pregnant Women at Risk of Gestational Diabetes in the UK. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:471-474. [PMID: 32035413 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Television (TV) time is associated with poor cardiometabolic health outcomes. This finding is commonly attributed to duration of sitting or patterns of sitting associated with high TV time, but there is very little evidence on this link. METHODS Pregnant women (n = 167) at risk of gestational diabetes wore an activPAL accelerometer and self-reported their usual TV time in the second trimester. Generalized linear mixed models were used to compare objectively measured total sedentary time (ST), prolonged ST (bouts ≥30 min), and breaks in ST for all hours and evening hours (6 PM-11 PM) between those with high (≥2 h/d) and low TV time. RESULTS Over all waking hours, those with high TV time had fewer breaks in ST than those with low TV time, exp(b) 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.998; there were no differences in total ST or prolonged ST between the 2 groups. Those with high TV time had significantly higher evening ST (b = 9.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.5 to 19.2); there were no differences in prolonged ST or breaks in ST during evening hours. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that high TV time may be associated with higher evening ST and fewer breaks in ST. The link between TV time and sitting patterns requires further investigation.
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Renaud LR, Jelsma JGM, Huysmans MA, van Nassau F, Lakerveld J, Speklé EM, Bosmans JE, Stijnman DPM, Loyen A, van der Beek AJ, van der Ploeg HP. Effectiveness of the multi-component dynamic work intervention to reduce sitting time in office workers - Results from a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 84:103027. [PMID: 31987512 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.103027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prolonged sitting, which is highly prevalent in office workers, has been associated with several health risks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Dynamic Work intervention by determining its effect on total sitting time at the 8-month follow-up in comparison to the control. METHODS This two-arm pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial included 244 office workers from 14 different departments of a large, Dutch insurance company. The Dynamic Work intervention was a real-life, worksite intervention that included environmental components (i.e. sit-stand workstations), organisational components (i.e. group sessions), and individual components (e.g. activity/sitting trackers). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 4-month follow-up, and 8-month follow-up. The primary outcome was total sitting time per day, objectively assessed using the activPAL activity monitor at 8-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included other total and occupational movement behaviour outcomes, health-related outcomes, and work-related outcomes. Data analyses were performed using linear and logistic mixed models. RESULTS Total sitting time did not differ between the intervention and control group at the 8-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes also showed no difference between the intervention and control group at either the 4-month or at 8-month follow-up, with the exception of number of occupational steps, which showed a statistically significant effect at 4-month follow-up (but not at 8-month follow-up) of 913 (95% CI = 381-1445) steps/8-h working day. CONCLUSIONS This study evaluated the effectiveness of a real-life worksite intervention to reduce sitting time and showed little to no effect. This may be due to the relatively low intensity of the intervention, i.e. that it only involved the replacement of 25% of sitting workstations with sit-stand workstations. Future research should focus on the evaluation of more intensive real-life worksite interventions that are still feasible for implementation in daily practice. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV, REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03115645.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidewij R Renaud
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands.
| | - Judith G M Jelsma
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike A Huysmans
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Femke van Nassau
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin M Speklé
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands; Arbo Unie, Occupational Health Service, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith E Bosmans
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Dominique P M Stijnman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Loyen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Allard J van der Beek
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Quested E, Smith BS, Nicholas J, McVeigh J, Fenton SAM, Stamatakis E, Parker S, Pereira G, Gucciardi DF, Ntoumanis N. Feasibility and preliminary effects of a peer-led motivationally-embellished workplace walking intervention: A pilot cluster randomized trial (the START trial). Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 91:105969. [PMID: 32114186 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.105969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Walking interventions can be effective in increasing physical activity amongst physically inactive employees. However, despite their promising potential regarding sustainability and scalability, peer-led workplace walking interventions have not been tested. We evaluated a peer-led workplace group walking intervention designed to engage physically inactive employees. A 16-week pilot cluster randomized controlled trial consisted of enhanced (5 worksites; n = 50 participants) and minimal treatment (3 worksites; n = 47) conditions. All participants were provided with a Fitbit Zip and information on health benefits of walking. Enhanced treatment participants had access to a mobile phone app incorporating behavior change techniques, were trained on principles of autonomous motivation, and had a peer leader trained in a motivationally supportive communication style. Feasibility assessments included recruitment and drop-out rates, assessment completion rates, training acceptability (walkers and peer leaders), and intervention acceptability (walkers only). Outcomes assessed included movement-related behaviors (assessed via activPAL devices), cardio-metabolic risk factors, motivation to walk, and well-being, and these measures were taken at baseline and post-intervention. The results supported intervention feasibility. Preliminary efficacy evidence was mixed. Markers of cardio-metabolic risk improved in the enhanced treatment only. Autonomous motivation increased in both conditions. There were no changes in step counts, standing, and sitting time, or well-being. Further fine tuning is needed before a definitive RCT. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12618000807257.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - E Quested
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - B S Smith
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - J Nicholas
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - J McVeigh
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - S A M Fenton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, England
| | - E Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Parker
- Centre for Transformative Work Design, Future of Work Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - G Pereira
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - D F Gucciardi
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - N Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Ekegren CL, Climie RE, Simpson PM, Owen N, Dunstan DW, Veitch W, Gabbe BJ. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior 6 Months After Musculoskeletal Trauma: What Factors Predict Recovery? Phys Ther 2020; 100:332-345. [PMID: 31588514 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzz151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is increasingly recognized as an important marker of functional recovery following fracture. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to measure sedentary behavior and physical activity 2 weeks and 6 months following fracture and to determine associated demographic and injury factors. DESIGN This was an observational study. METHODS Two weeks and 6 months following fracture, 83 adults who were 18 to 69 years old and had upper limb (UL) or lower limb (LL) fractures wore an accelerometer and an inclinometer for 10 days. We calculated sitting time, steps, moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), and vigorous-intensity physical activity and conducted linear mixed-effects multivariable regression analyses to determine factors associated with temporal changes in activity. RESULTS At 6 months versus 2 weeks after fracture, participants sat less, took more steps, and engaged in more MPA. Participants with LL fractures sat 2 hours more, took 66% fewer steps, and engaged in 77% less MPA than participants with UL fractures. Greater reductions in sitting time were observed for participants in the youngest age group and with LL fractures, participants with high preinjury activity, and participants who were overweight or obese. For steps, greater improvement was observed for participants in the youngest and middle-aged groups and those with LL fractures. For MPA, greater improvement was observed for middle-aged participants and those with LL fractures. LIMITATIONS Although this study was sufficiently powered for the analysis of major categories, a convenience sample that may not be representative of all people with musculoskeletal trauma was used. CONCLUSIONS Working-age adults with LL fractures had lower levels of physical activity 6 months after fracture than those with UL fractures. Older adults showed less improvement over time, suggesting that they are an important target group for interventions aimed at regaining preinjury activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Ekegren
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel E Climie
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute; and Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France
| | - Pamela M Simpson
- BSc (Hons), Grad Dip Biostats, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute; and Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute; and Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Veitch
- BBiomedSci (Hons), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University
| | - Belinda J Gabbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; and Health Data Research UK, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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Barouni A, Ottenbacher J, Schneider J, Feige B, Riemann D, Herlan A, El Hardouz D, McLennan D. Ambulatory sleep scoring using accelerometers-distinguishing between nonwear and sleep/wake states. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8284. [PMID: 31915581 PMCID: PMC6942683 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differentiating nonwear time from sleep and wake times is essential for the estimation of sleep duration based on actigraphy data. To efficiently analyze large-scale data sets, an automatic method of identifying these three different states is required. Therefore, we developed a classification algorithm to determine nonwear, sleep and wake periods from accelerometer data. Our work aimed to (I) develop a new pattern recognition algorithm for identifying nonwear periods from actigraphy data based on the influence of respiration rate on the power spectrum of the acceleration signal and implement it in an automatic classification algorithm for nonwear/sleep/wake states; (II) address motion artifacts that occur during nonwear periods and are known to cause misclassification of these periods; (III) adjust the algorithm depending on the sensor position (wrist, chest); and (IV) validate the algorithm on both healthy individuals and patients with sleep disorders. Methods The study involved 98 participants who wore wrist and chest acceleration sensors for one day of measurements. They spent one night in the sleep laboratory and continued to wear the sensors outside of the laboratory for the remainder of the day. The results of the classification algorithm were compared to those of the reference source: polysomnography for wake/sleep and manual annotations for nonwear/wear classification. Results The median kappa values for the two locations were 0.83 (wrist) and 0.84 (chest). The level of agreement did not vary significantly by sleep health (good sleepers vs. subjects with sleep disorders) (p = 0.348, p = 0.118) or by sex (p = 0.442, p = 0.456). The intraclass correlation coefficients of nonwear total time between the reference and the algorithm were 0.92 and 0.97 with the outliers and 0.95 and 0.98 after the outliers were removed for the wrist and chest, respectively. There was no evidence of an association between the mean difference (and 95% limits of agreement) and the mean of the two methods for either sensor position (wrist p = 0.110, chest p = 0.164), and the mean differences (algorithm minus reference) were 5.11 [95% LoA −15.4–25.7] and 1.32 [95% LoA −9.59–12.24] min/day, respectively, after the outliers were removed. Discussion We studied the influence of the respiration wave on the power spectrum of the acceleration signal for the differentiation of nonwear periods from sleep and wake periods. The algorithm combined both spectral analysis of the acceleration signal and rescoring. Based on the Bland-Altman analysis, the chest-worn accelerometer showed better results than the wrist-worn accelerometer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johannes Schneider
- FZI Research Center for Information Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bernd Feige
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Herlan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Driss El Hardouz
- Institute for Information Processing Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Weatherson KA, Wunderlich KB, Faulkner GE. Impact of a low-cost standing desk on reducing workplace sitting (StandUP UBC): A randomised controlled trial. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 82:102951. [PMID: 31526916 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sit-stand desks can reduce occupational sitting time, however, their cost can limit scalability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a low-cost standing desk on objectively-measured occupational sitting and prolonged sitting bouts over 3- and 6-months. Secondary outcomes included self-report work engagement and occupational fatigue. Forty-eight office employees (91.7% female, Mage = 39.8 ± 10.1) were randomized to receive a low-cost standing desk or to a control group. At 3-months, the intervention group sat 0.7 h (42min) less at work compared to the control group; F(1, 45) = 5.90, partial η2 = 0.12, p = .019. The effect was small, yet comparable to findings from studies using costlier alternatives. However, these reductions were not maintained at 6-months. No changes in prolonged sitting bouts or secondary outcomes were found. There is some potential for low-cost standing desk converters as a scalable workplace health intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03375749, Registered 18 December 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03375749?term=NCT03375749&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Weatherson
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kelly B Wunderlich
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Guy E Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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128
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Kuster RP, Grooten WJA, Baumgartner D, Blom V, Hagströmer M, Ekblom Ö. Detecting prolonged sitting bouts with the ActiGraph GT3X. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 30:572-582. [PMID: 31743494 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ActiGraph has a high ability to measure physical activity; however, it lacks an accurate posture classification to measure sedentary behavior. The aim of the present study was to develop an ActiGraph (waist-worn, 30 Hz) posture classification to detect prolonged sitting bouts, and to compare the classification to proprietary ActiGraph data. The activPAL, a highly valid posture classification device, served as reference criterion. Both sensors were worn by 38 office workers over a median duration of 9 days. An automated feature selection extracted the relevant signal information for a minute-based posture classification. The machine learning algorithm with optimal feature number to predict the time in prolonged sitting bouts (≥5 and ≥10 minutes) was searched and compared to the activPAL using Bland-Altman statistics. The comparison included optimized and frequently used cut-points (100 and 150 counts per minute (cpm), with and without low-frequency-extension (LFE) filtering). The new algorithm predicted the time in prolonged sitting bouts most accurate (bias ≤ 7 minutes/d). Of all proprietary ActiGraph methods, only 150 cpm without LFE predicted the time in prolonged sitting bouts non-significantly different from the activPAL (bias ≤ 18 minutes/d). However, the frequently used 100 cpm with LFE accurately predicted total sitting time (bias ≤ 7 minutes/d). To study the health effects of ActiGraph measured prolonged sitting, we recommend using the new algorithm. In case a cut-point is used, we recommend 150 cpm without LFE to measure prolonged sitting and 100 cpm with LFE to measure total sitting time. However, both cpm cut-points are not recommended for a detailed bout analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman P Kuster
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,IMES Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Wilhelmus J A Grooten
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Function Area Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Baumgartner
- IMES Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Victoria Blom
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Hagströmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Function Area Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Health Promoting Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
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129
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Ahmadi MN, Nathan N, Sutherland R, Wolfenden L, Trost SG. Non-wear or sleep? Evaluation of five non-wear detection algorithms for raw accelerometer data. J Sports Sci 2019; 38:399-404. [PMID: 31826746 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1703301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Detection of non-wear periods is an important step in accelerometer data processing. This study evaluated five non-wear detection algorithms for wrist accelerometer data and two rules for non-wear detection when non-wear and sleep algorithms are implemented in parallel. Non-wear algorithms were based on the standard deviation (SD), the high-pass filtered acceleration, or tilt angle. Rules for differentiating sleep from non-wear consisted of an override rule in which any overlap between non-wear and sleep was deemed non-wear; and a 75% rule in which non-wear periods were deemed sleep if the duration was < 75% of the sleep period. Non-wear algorithms were evaluated in 47 children who wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer during school hours for 5 days. Rules for differentiating sleep from non-wear were evaluated in 15 adults who wore a GeneActiv Original accelerometer continuously for 24 hours. Classification accuracy for the non-wear algorithms ranged between 0.86-0.95, with the SD of the vector magnitude providing the best performance. The override rule misclassified 37.1 minutes of sleep as non-wear, while the 75% rule resulted in no misclassification. Non-wear algorithms based on the SD of the acceleration signal can effectively detect non-wear periods, while application of the 75% rule can effectively differentiate sleep from non-wear when examined concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Ahmadi
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at QLD Centre for Children's Health Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicole Nathan
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Area Health Service, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights NSW, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Rachel Sutherland
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Area Health Service, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights NSW, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Area Health Service, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights NSW, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Stewart G Trost
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at QLD Centre for Children's Health Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Associations between the Home Physical Environment and Children's Home-Based Physical Activity and Sitting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214178. [PMID: 31671849 PMCID: PMC6862192 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is important to understand the correlates of children's physical activity (PA) and sitting at home, where children spend significant time. The home social environment has an important influence; however, much less is known about the home physical environment. Therefore, the study aimed to assess relationships between the physical environment and children's sitting and PA at home. In total, 235 child-parent dyads were included in the analyses. Children spent 67% of their time at home sitting. Linear regression analyses examined associations between physical home environmental factors obtained via an audit and children's (55% girl, 10.2 ± 0.7) objective PA and sitting at home. Following adjustment for socio-demographics and social environmental factors, an open plan living area (OPLA), musical instrument accessibility and availability, and perceived house size were negatively and positively associated, whereas media equipment accessibility and availability was positively and negatively associated with sitting and standing, respectively. Additionally, an OPLA was positively associated with total and moderate-to-vigorous PA. Furthermore, sitting breaks were positively associated with objective garden size and negatively associated with digital TV. The physical home environment may have an important influence on children's sitting, standing and PA at home; therefore, interventions that target this environment are needed.
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131
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The Effect of Interrupting Sedentary Behavior on the Cardiometabolic Health of Adults With Sedentary Occupations: A Pilot Study. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 60:760-767. [PMID: 29608541 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether mobile phone text messages could modify objectively measured sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic health in office workers. METHODS Nine males and 12 females [mean (SD): 27.5 (5.7) years, 23.8 (2.8) kg/m] were assigned to a control (CON) or intervention (PROMPT) group. PROMPT received an activity-promoting text message during office hours. Participants wore an actiGraph and activPAL accelerometer for 7 days during and after the intervention. Blood pressure, lipid, and metabolic profiles were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS PROMPT sat less [mean (95% confidence interval, 95% CI): 4.9 (4.4 to 5.4) hours/day] than CON [6.0 (5.5 to 6.4) hours/day; P = 0.04] during the message-receiving period. There was no difference between groups after the intervention and for the other activity variables. There were no changes in cardiometabolic health markers following the intervention. CONCLUSION Sitting time was lower during the message-receiving period, but the difference between groups was no longer apparent after the intervention.
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The Impact of a Novel Structured Health Intervention for Truckers (SHIFT) on Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 60:368-376. [PMID: 29624565 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effects of implementing a lifestyle health behavior intervention on cardiovascular risk markers in a sample of lorry drivers. METHODS Fifty-seven males participated in the pre-post evaluation of a multicomponent 12-week intervention. RESULTS Favorable changes in several cardiovascular health indicators were observed, including fasting blood glucose (-0.6 mmol/L), LDL-Cholesterol (-0.7 mmol/L), total cholesterol (-0.7 mmol/L), waist-hip ratio (-0.10), and waist circumference (-2.5 cm) (P < 0.01). The proportion of participants with a more than 10% risk of a cardiovascular event in the next 10 years was reduced by 12% (P < 0.05). A 21%, 12%, and 7.5% reduction in drivers with pre-diabetes (P < 0.001), undiagnosed diabetes (P < 0.05), and the metabolic syndrome (P < 0.05), respectively, was observed. CONCLUSION This study highlights the feasibility of implementing a multicomponent health intervention within the transport setting and provides preliminary evidence of its beneficial effects on some markers of health.
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LASLOVICH STEVE, ALVAR BRENTA, ALLISON MATTHEW, RAUH MITCHELLJ. Effects of Lifestyle Physical Activity on Vascular Function in Asymptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 52:8-15. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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134
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Associations of Sitting Behavior Patterns With Cardiometabolic Risk in Children: The Sit Less for Health Cross-Sectional Study. J Phys Act Health 2019; 12:856-842. [PMID: 31330500 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between sedentary behavior patterns and cardiometabolic risk in children using a monitor that accurately distinguishes between different postures. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 118 children (67 girls) aged 11-12 years had adiposity, blood pressure, lipids, and glucose measured, and then they wore an activPAL device to record sitting, standing, and stepping for 7 consecutive days. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders and moderate to vigorous physical activity, the number of breaks in sitting was significantly negatively associated with adiposity (standardized β ≥ -0.546; P ≤ .001) and significantly positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 0.415; P ≤ .01). Time in prolonged sitting bouts was significantly negatively associated with adiposity (β ≥ -0.577; P ≤ .001) and significantly positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 0.432; P ≤ .05). Standing time was significantly negatively associated with adiposity (β ≥ -0.270; P ≤ .05) and significantly positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 0.312; P ≤ .05). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that increasing the number of breaks in sitting and increasing standing time are beneficially associated with cardiometabolic risk and should be considered in health promotion interventions in children.
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Wagnild JM, Hinshaw K, Pollard TM. Associations of sedentary time and self-reported television time during pregnancy with incident gestational diabetes and plasma glucose levels in women at risk of gestational diabetes in the UK. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:575. [PMID: 31092217 PMCID: PMC6521349 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6928-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary time is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, but the association between objectively measured sedentary time and incident gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has not been tested. The purpose of this paper is to test associations between objectively measured sedentary time and self-reported television time during pregnancy with incident GDM and plasma glucose levels among women at high risk for GDM. METHODS At 20 weeks' gestation, pregnant women (n = 188) in the North East of England with a risk factor for GDM wore an activPAL accelerometer and reported their usual television time. Participants underwent a standard oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks' gestation. Regression analyses were used to test for associations of total and prolonged sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time, and television time with GDM and fasting and 2-h glucose levels. Interaction terms were applied to examine whether the association between each indicator of sedentary time and glucose levels differed by GDM status. RESULTS Total sedentary time (hours/day) was not associated with incident GDM (OR 1.00 (95%CI 1.00, 1.01)). The association between total sedentary time and glucose levels depended on GDM status: sedentary time was associated with fasting (β = 0.16 (95%CI 0.01, 0.31)) and 2-h (β = 0.15 (95%CI 0.01, 0.30)) glucose levels for those without GDM, while breaks in sedentary time were associated with lower fasting (β = - 0.55 (95%CI - 0.92, - 0.17)) and 2-h (β = - 0.40 (95%CI - 0.77, - 0.03)) glucose levels for those with GDM. Prolonged sedentary time was associated with higher fasting glucose levels regardless of GDM status (β 0.15 (0.01, 0.30)). Television time was associated with development of GDM (OR 3.03 (95%CI 1.21, 7.96)) but not with plasma glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to test associations between posture-based measures of sedentary time during pregnancy and GDM and glucose levels. The findings presented here suggest the possible importance of minimizing or breaking up sedentary time for the management of glucose levels during pregnancy, at least among women at high risk of GDM. Further research is needed to understand the different roles of total sedentary time and television time in the development of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle M. Wagnild
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Dawson Building, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
| | - Kim Hinshaw
- Department of Obstetrics, Sunderland Royal Hospital, Kayll Road, Sunderland, SR4 7TP UK
| | - Tessa M. Pollard
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Dawson Building, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
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136
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Zheng C, Huang WY, Wong SHS. Associations of weather conditions with adolescents' daily physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:1339-1344. [PMID: 31063697 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Weather has been recognized as an environmental factor that affects daily activities. However, the effects of a humid subtropical climate on daily activity behavior are unclear. This study investigated the associations of weather conditions with physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and sleep duration in a sample of 740 Hong Kong adolescents (mean age: 14.7 ± 1.6 years). The activPAL was used to assess the time spent during moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), ST, and sleep. Weather data (e.g., temperature, relative humidity, rainfall amount, and sunlight duration) were obtained from the Hong Kong Observatory. Linear mixed models were constructed to examine the associations of weather conditions with the durations of MVPA, ST, and sleep on weekdays and weekend days, respectively. The analysis included valid data from 561 students (51.9% male). Among Hong Kong adolescents, a higher relative humidity was associated with reduced MVPA on weekdays and weekends, more ST on weekdays, and a longer sleep duration on weekends. A longer duration of sunlight induced less MVPA on weekends, but a longer sleep duration on weekdays. On weekends, higher temperatures correlated with increases in MVPA and ST but a decrease in sleep duration. Rainfall correlated inversely with sleep duration and positively with ST on weekdays. The associations of rainfall with MVPA exhibited opposite trends on weekdays and weekends. In summary, the relationships between weather conditions and daily activities exhibited day-type patterns. The findings suggest that environment-controlled indoor PA should be recommended during weather conditions of high relative humidity and higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zheng
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 00852, Hong Kong
| | - Wendy Yajun Huang
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, 00852, Hong Kong
| | - Stephen Heung-Sang Wong
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 00852, Hong Kong
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Hendrickx W, Riveros C, Askim T, Bussmann JBJ, Callisaya ML, Chastin SFM, Dean CM, Ezeugwu VE, Jones TM, Kuys SS, Mahendran N, Manns TJ, Mead G, Moore SA, Paul L, Pisters MF, Saunders DH, Simpson DB, Tieges Z, Verschuren O, English C. Identifying factors associated with sedentary time after stroke. Secondary analysis of pooled data from nine primary studies. Top Stroke Rehabil 2019; 26:327-334. [PMID: 31025908 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2019.1601419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: High levels of sedentary time increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, including recurrent stroke. Objective: This study aimed to identify factors associated with high sedentary time in community-dwelling people with stroke. Methods: For this data pooling study, authors of published and ongoing trials that collected sedentary time data, using the activPAL monitor, in community-dwelling people with stroke were invited to contribute their raw data. The data was reprocessed, algorithms were created to identify sleep-wake time and determine the percentage of waking hours spent sedentary. We explored demographic and stroke-related factors associated with total sedentary time and time in uninterrupted sedentary bouts using unique, both univariable and multivariable, regression analyses. Results: The 274 included participants were from Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom, and spent, on average, 69% (SD 12.4) of their waking hours sedentary. Of the demographic and stroke-related factors, slower walking speeds were significantly and independently associated with a higher percentage of waking hours spent sedentary (p = 0.001) and uninterrupted sedentary bouts of >30 and >60 min (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Regression models explained 11-19% of the variance in total sedentary time and time in prolonged sedentary bouts. Conclusion: We found that variability in sedentary time of people with stroke was largely unaccounted for by demographic and stroke-related variables. Behavioral and environmental factors are likely to play an important role in sedentary behavior after stroke. Further work is required to develop and test effective interventions to address sedentary behavior after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Hendrickx
- a Department of Rehablilitation, Physiotherapy Science & Sport, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus , University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,b School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, Faculty of Health and Medicine , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia.,c Center for Physical Therapy Research and Innovation in Primary Care , Julius Health Care Centers , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Riveros
- d Bioinformatics , Hunter Medical Research Institute , Newcastle , Australia
| | - Torunn Askim
- e Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science , NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Johannes B J Bussmann
- f Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Erasmus , MC University Medical Center , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Michele L Callisaya
- g Menzies Institute for Medical Research , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Australia
| | - Sebastien F M Chastin
- h School of Health and Life Sciences , Glasgow Caledonian University , Glasgow , UK.,i Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Catherine M Dean
- j Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| | - Victor E Ezeugwu
- k Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Taryn M Jones
- j Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| | - Suzanne S Kuys
- l National Head, School of Physiotherapy , Faculty of Health Sciences Australian Catholic University , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Niruthikha Mahendran
- m Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health , University of Canberra , Canberra , Australia
| | - Trish J Manns
- k Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Gillian Mead
- n Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Sarah A Moore
- o Stroke Research Group , Institute of Neuroscience and Newcastle University Institute for Ageing Newcastle University , UK
| | - Lorna Paul
- p School of Health and Life Sciences , Glasgow Caledonian University , Glasgow , UK
| | - Martijn F Pisters
- a Department of Rehablilitation, Physiotherapy Science & Sport, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus , University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,c Center for Physical Therapy Research and Innovation in Primary Care , Julius Health Care Centers , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - David H Saunders
- q Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Dawn B Simpson
- g Menzies Institute for Medical Research , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Australia
| | - Zoë Tieges
- r Department of Geriatric Medicine , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- s Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation , University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Coralie English
- b School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, Faculty of Health and Medicine , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia
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138
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Hanna E, Janssen H, Crowfoot G, Mason G, Vyslysel G, Sweetapple A, Callister R, English C. Participation, Fear of Falling, and Upper Limb Impairment are Associated with High Sitting Time in People with Stroke. Occup Ther Health Care 2019; 33:181-196. [PMID: 30890006 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2019.1587675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional, exploratory study was to explore associations between sitting time and (1) participation, (2) fear of falling, and (3) upper limb impairment after stroke. High sitting time was associated with less participation in meaningful activities involving standing or walking (ρ = -0.519, p = 0.023). A greater fear of falling (ρ = 0.579, p = 0.012) and having an impaired upper limb (mean difference 18.7%, 95% CI: 5.3-32.1, p = 0.012) were associated with greater sitting time. Providing support for stroke survivors to participate in meaningful activities while reducing sitting time is an important consideration when planning occupational therapy interventions, particularly for individuals with an arm impairment and/or those with a fear of falling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Hanna
- a School of Health Sciences , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia
| | - Heidi Janssen
- a School of Health Sciences , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia.,b Community Stroke Team and Hunter Stroke Service , Community and Aged Care Services-Greater Newcastle Cluster , Newcastle , Australia.,c NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation , Newcastle , Australia.,d Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia
| | - Gary Crowfoot
- a School of Health Sciences , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia.,d Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia.,e Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation , Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Hunter Medical Research Institute , Australia
| | - Gillian Mason
- c NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation , Newcastle , Australia.,d Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia
| | - Glade Vyslysel
- f Westlakes Community Rehabilitation Team , Community and Aged Care Services-Greater Newcastle Cluster , Newcastle , Australia
| | - Anne Sweetapple
- g Community Stroke Team , Community and Aged Care Services-Greater Newcastle Cluster , Newcastle , Australia
| | - Robin Callister
- h School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia.,i Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia
| | - Coralie English
- a School of Health Sciences , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia.,c NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation , Newcastle , Australia.,d Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury , University of Newcastle , Newcastle , Australia
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Morris AS, Murphy RC, Shepherd SO, Healy GN, Edwardson CL, Graves LEF. A multi-component intervention to sit less and move more in a contact centre setting: a feasibility study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:292. [PMID: 30866872 PMCID: PMC6416901 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Call agents spend ~ 90% of their working day seated, which may negatively impact health, productivity, and wellbeing. This study aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of a multi-component workplace intervention targeting increased activity and decreased prolonged sitting in the contact centre setting prior to a full-scale effectiveness trial. METHODS An 8-week non-randomised pre-post feasibility study was conducted. Using a mixed methods approach, focus groups and interviews were thematically analysed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of key study phases, and provide context to agents' process evaluation and survey responses. The multi-component intervention, conducted in a single call centre, included height-adjustable workstations, emails, education and training sessions, and support from team leaders and a workplace champion. RESULTS Six (of 20) team leaders were recruited, with 17 of 84 call agents (78% female, 39.3 ± 11.9 years) completing baseline assessments and 13 completing follow-up. High workload influenced recruitment. Call agents perceived assessments as acceptable, though strategies are needed to enhance fidelity. Education sessions, height-adjustable workstations and emails were perceived as the most effective components; however, height-adjustable hot-desks were not perceived as feasible in this setting. CONCLUSIONS This study has identified unique, pragmatic considerations for conducting a multi-level, multi-component PA and SB intervention and associated evaluation in highly sedentary call agents in the challenging contact centre setting. The intervention was largely perceived positively, with call agents and team leaders describing numerous perceived positive effects on behavioural, health and work-related outcomes. Findings will be of value to researchers attempting to intervene in contact centres and will be used by the current authors to design a subsequent trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail S. Morris
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rebecca C. Murphy
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sam O. Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Genevieve N. Healy
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Charlotte L. Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, LE5 4PW UK
| | - Lee E. F. Graves
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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140
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Nagy LC, Horne M, Faisal M, Mohammed MA, Barber SE. Ethnic differences in sedentary behaviour in 6-8-year-old children during school terms and school holidays: a mixed methods study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:152. [PMID: 30717718 PMCID: PMC6362563 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour (SB) in childhood is a major public health concern. Little is known about ethnic differences in SB during school and holiday weeks among White British (WB) and South Asian (SA) children, which this study aims to address through investigating inclinometer measured SB and exploring reasons for child engagement in SB. METHODS A mixed methods study, comprising of a quantitative investigation with 160, 6-8 years old children and a qualitative study with a subsample of 18 children, six parents and eight teachers was undertaken. Children of WB and SA ethnicity in three schools were invited to wear inclinometers for seven school terms (summer/winter/spring) and seven holidays (winter/spring) days during July 2016-May 2017. Total SB, SB accumulated in bouts > 30 min and breaks in SB were explored using multivariate linear mixed effects models which adjusted for wear time, sex, deprivation, overweight status, season, term, weekday and school. Nine focus groups and two interviews were carried out using the Theoretical Domains Framework to explore SB perceptions among parents, teachers and children. Data were analysed using the Framework Approach. RESULTS 104/160 children provided 836 valid days of data. Children spent on average eight hours of SB/day during term time and holidays, equating to 60% of their awake time, and had on average 111 SB breaks /day. SA children had 25 fewer SB breaks/ day when compared to WB (p < 0.001). Perceived reasons for engagement in SB included: boredom, enjoyment of screen activities (by children), parenting practices, curriculum pressures (by teachers), the need to sit down and learn, and child's preference for screen activities (by parents). CONCLUSIONS Children spent 60% of their awake time being sedentary, regardless of ethnicity or school term. There were no significant ethnic differences for any of the SB outcomes except for breaks in SB. Interventions aimed at reducing SB should consider involving parents and teachers and should focus on increasing breaks in SB, especially for SA children, who are at a higher risk of cardio metabolic ill health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana C. Nagy
- University of Bradford, Faculty of Health Studies, Richmond Road, Bradford, BD7 1DP England
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
- Oxford Brookes University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Jack Straw’s Lane, Oxford, OX3 0FL UK
| | - Maria Horne
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
- University of Leeds, School of Healthcare, Leeds, LS2 9JT England
| | - Muhammad Faisal
- University of Bradford, Faculty of Health Studies, Richmond Road, Bradford, BD7 1DP England
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
| | - M. A. Mohammed
- University of Bradford, Faculty of Health Studies, Richmond Road, Bradford, BD7 1DP England
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
- Yorkshire & Humberside Academic Health Sciences Network, Wakefield, UK
| | - Sally E. Barber
- University of Bradford, Faculty of Health Studies, Richmond Road, Bradford, BD7 1DP England
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
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Biddle GJH, Edwardson CL, Rowlands AV, Davies MJ, Bodicoat DH, Hardeman W, Eborall H, Sutton S, Griffin S, Khunti K, Yates T. Differences in objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour between white Europeans and south Asians recruited from primary care: cross-sectional analysis of the PROPELS trial. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:95. [PMID: 30665392 PMCID: PMC6341710 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-reported data have consistently shown South Asians (SAs) to be less physically active than White Europeans (WEs) in developed countries, however objective data is lacking. Differences in sedentary time have not been elucidated in this population. This study aimed to quantify differences in objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour between WEs and SAs recruited from primary care and to investigate differences in demographic and lifestyle correlates of these behaviours. METHODOLOGY Baseline data were utilised from a randomised control trial recruiting individuals identified at high risk of type 2 diabetes from primary care. Light intensity physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and steps were measured using the Actigraph GT3X+, while sitting, standing and stepping time were measured using the activPAL3™. Devices were worn concurrently for seven days. Demographic (employment, sex, age, education, postcode) and behavioural (fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol consumption, smoking status) characteristics were measured via self and interview administered questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 963 WE (age = 62 ± 8, female 51%) and 289 SA (age = 55 ± 11, female 43%) were included. Compared to WEs, SAs did less MVPA (24 vs 33 min/day, p = 0.001) and fewer steps (6404 vs 7405 per day, p ≤ 0.001), but sat less (516 vs 552 min/day, p ≤ 0.001) and stood more (328 vs 283 min/day, p ≤ 0.001). Ethnicity also modified the extent to which demographic and behavioural factors act as correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Differences between sex in levels of MVPA and sitting time were greater in SAs compared to WEs, with SA women undertaking the least amount of MVPA (19 min/day), the least sitting time (475 min/day) and most standing time (377 min/day) than any other group. Smoking and alcohol status also acted as stronger correlates of sitting time in SAs compared to WEs. In contrast, education level acted as a stronger correlate of physical activity in WEs compared to SAs. CONCLUSION SAs were less active yet less sedentary than WEs, which demonstrates the need to tailor the behavioural targets of interventions in multi-ethnic communities. Common correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour also differed between ethnicities. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN83465245 Trial registration date: 14/06/2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J H Biddle
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK. .,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK. .,Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Alex V Rowlands
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Danielle H Bodicoat
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Wendy Hardeman
- Behavioural Science Group, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK.,School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Helen Eborall
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Stephen Sutton
- Behavioural Science Group, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Simon Griffin
- Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.,Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East Midlands, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
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142
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L. Ekegren C, E. Climie R, G. Veitch W, Owen N, W. Dunstan D, A. Kimmel L, J. Gabbe B. Sedentary behaviour and physical activity patterns in adults with traumatic limb fracture. AIMS MEDICAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.3934/medsci.2019.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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143
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Aguilar-Farias N, Martino-Fuentealba P, Salom-Diaz N, Brown WJ. How many days are enough for measuring weekly activity behaviours with the ActivPAL in adults? J Sci Med Sport 2018; 22:684-688. [PMID: 30579814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the number of monitoring days needed to reliably measure weekly activity behaviours with the ActivPAL (AP) monitor in adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Participants (90 adults (51.1% men); age=39.1±12.43 years) wore an AP for 7 consecutive days. Mean time spent sitting/lying, standing and stepping per day, and mean number of transitions from sitting to standing per day were calculated for each participant using 7 days of monitoring (reference). Estimates for these activities were also derived from a combination of randomly selected days (from 1 to 6 days), and randomly selected weekdays and weekend days, and compared with the reference using ANOVA, correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman methods Spearman-Brown Prophecy Formula, based on Intraclass correlation of 0.8, was used to predict the minimum number of days needed to represent activity behaviours as measured with the AP. RESULTS At least five days of monitoring were necessary to achieve a reliability of 0.8 for all postures and transitions. Correlation coefficients between estimates derived from any combination of 5 days and the reference were high (rho=0.96-0.98). When using a combination of weekdays and weekend days, mean biases were comparable with those shown by any combination of days, but 95% limits of agreement were narrower. CONCLUSIONS When using the AP for a week, data from a combination of any 5 days provided reliable estimates of all activities and transitions per day, but more precise estimates were achieved if at least 1 weekend day was included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Aguilar-Farias
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile.
| | - Pía Martino-Fuentealba
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile
| | - Nicolas Salom-Diaz
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia
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144
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Go Home, Sit Less: The Impact of Home Versus Hospital Rehabilitation Environment on Activity Levels of Stroke Survivors. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2018; 99:2216-2221.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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145
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Associations of Physical Behaviours and Behavioural Reallocations with Markers of Metabolic Health: A Compositional Data Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102280. [PMID: 30336601 PMCID: PMC6210541 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Standard statistical modelling has shown that the reallocation of sitting time to either standing or stepping may be beneficial for metabolic health. However, this overlooks the inherent dependency of time spent in all behaviours. The aim is to examine the associations between physical behaviours and markers of metabolic health (fasting glucose, fasting insulin, 2-h glucose, 2-h insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity (HOMA-IS), Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index (Matsuda-ISI) while quantifying the associations of reallocating time from one physical behaviour to another using compositional analysis. Objectively measured physical behaviour data were analysed (n = 435) using compositional analysis and compositional isotemporal substitutions to estimate the association of reallocating time from one behaviour to another in a population at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Stepping time was associated with all markers of metabolic health relative to all other behaviours. Reallocating 30 min from sleep, sitting, or standing to stepping was associated with 5⁻6 fold lower 2-h glucose, 15⁻17 fold lower 2-h insulin, and higher insulin sensitivity (10⁻11 fold via HOMA-IS, 12⁻15 fold via Matsuda-ISI). Associations of reallocating time from any behaviour to stepping were maintained for 2-h glucose, 2-h insulin, and Matsuda-ISI after further adjusting for body mass index (BMI). Relocating time from stepping into sleep, sitting, or standing was associated with lower insulin sensitivity. Stepping time may be the most important behavioural composition when promoting improved metabolic health in adults at risk of T2DM.
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146
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Edwardson CL, Yates T, Biddle SJH, Davies MJ, Dunstan DW, Esliger DW, Gray LJ, Jackson B, O'Connell SE, Waheed G, Munir F. Effectiveness of the Stand More AT (SMArT) Work intervention: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2018; 363:k3870. [PMID: 30305278 PMCID: PMC6174726 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k3870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of a multicomponent intervention (Stand More AT (SMArT) Work) designed to reduce sitting time on short (three months), medium (six months), and longer term (12 months) changes in occupational, daily, and prolonged sitting, standing, and physical activity, and physical, psychological, and work related health. DESIGN Cluster two arm randomised controlled trial. SETTING National Health Service trust, England. PARTICIPANTS 37 office clusters (146 participants) of desk based workers: 19 clusters (77 participants) were randomised to the intervention and 18 (69 participants) to control. INTERVENTIONS The intervention group received a height adjustable workstation, a brief seminar with supporting leaflet, workstation instructions with sitting and standing targets, feedback on sitting and physical activity at three time points, posters, action planning and goal setting booklet, self monitoring and prompt tool, and coaching sessions (month 1 and every three months thereafter). The control group continued with usual practice. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was occupational sitting time (thigh worn accelerometer). Secondary outcomes were objectively measured daily sitting, prolonged sitting (≥30 minutes), and standing time, physical activity, musculoskeletal problems, self reported work related health (job performance, job satisfaction, work engagement, occupational fatigue, sickness presenteeism, and sickness absenteeism), cognitive function, and self reported psychological measures (mood and affective states, quality of life) assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months. Data were analysed using generalised estimating equation models, accounting for clustering. RESULTS A significant difference between groups (in favour of the intervention group) was found in occupational sitting time at 12 months (-83.28 min/workday, 95% confidence interval -116.57 to -49.98, P=0.001). Differences between groups (in favour of the intervention group compared with control) were observed for occupational sitting time at three months (-50.62 min/workday, -78.71 to -22.54, P<0.001) and six months (-64.40 min/workday, -97.31 to -31.50, P<0.001) and daily sitting time at six months (-59.32 min/day, -88.40 to -30.25, P<0.001) and 12 months (-82.39 min/day, -114.54 to -50.26, P=0.001). Group differences (in favour of the intervention group compared with control) were found for prolonged sitting time, standing time, job performance, work engagement, occupational fatigue, sickness presenteeism, daily anxiety, and quality of life. No differences were seen for sickness absenteeism. CONCLUSIONS SMArT Work successfully reduced sitting time over the short, medium, and longer term, and positive changes were observed in work related and psychological health. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN10967042.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Tom Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Education City, Springfield Central, QLD, Australia
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, The Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dale W Esliger
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Laura J Gray
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Benjamin Jackson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Sophie E O'Connell
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Ghazala Waheed
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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147
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English C, Janssen H, Crowfoot G, Callister R, Dunn A, Mackie P, Oldmeadow C, Ong LK, Palazzi K, Patterson AJ, Spratt NJ, Walker FR, Bernhardt J, Dunstan DW. Breaking up sitting time after stroke (BUST-stroke). Int J Stroke 2018; 13:921-931. [PMID: 30226448 DOI: 10.1177/1747493018801222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with stroke sit for long periods each day, which may compromise blood glucose control and increase risk of recurrent stroke. Studies in other populations have found regular activity breaks have a significant immediate (within-day) positive effect on glucose metabolism. We examined the effects of breaking up uninterrupted sitting with frequent, short bouts of light-intensity physical activity in people with stroke on post-prandial plasma glucose and insulin. METHODS Randomized within-participant crossover trial. We included people between 3 months and 10 years post-stroke, ambulant with minimal assistance and not taking diabetic medication other than metformin. The three experimental conditions (completed in random order) were: sitting for 8 h uninterrupted, sitting with 3 min bouts of light-intensity exercise while standing every 30 min, or sitting with 3 min of walking every 30 min. Meals were standardized and bloods were collected half- to one-hourly via an intravenous cannula. RESULTS A total of 19 participants (9 female, mean [SD] age 68.2 [10.2]) completed the trial. The majority ( n = 12, 63%) had mild stroke symptoms (National Institutes of Stroke Scale score 0-13). There was no significant effect of experimental condition on glucose (mean [SD] positive incremental area [+iAUC] mmol·L·h-1 under the curve during sitting 42.3 [29.5], standing 47.4 [23.1], walking 44.6 [26.5], p = 0.563) or insulin (mean + iAUC pmol·L·h-1 sitting 14,161 [7,560], standing 14,043 [8,312], walking 14,008 [8,269], p = 0.987). CONCLUSION Frequent, short bouts of light-intensity physical activity did not have a significant effect on post-prandial plasma glucose and insulin in this sample of people with stroke. Further studies are needed to identify strategies that improve inactivity-related glucose metabolism after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie English
- 1 School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,2 Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
| | - Heidi Janssen
- 1 School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,2 Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia.,3 Hunter Stroke Services, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Gary Crowfoot
- 1 School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,2 Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
| | - Robin Callister
- 4 School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ashlee Dunn
- 4 School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Paul Mackie
- 1 School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,2 Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- 5 Clinical Research Design, Information Technology and Statistical Support (CReDITSS), Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Lin K Ong
- 2 Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia.,6 School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and the Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Kerrin Palazzi
- 5 Clinical Research Design, Information Technology and Statistical Support (CReDITSS), Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda J Patterson
- 7 School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Neil J Spratt
- 2 Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia.,8 Department of Neurology, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - F Rohan Walker
- 2 Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia.,6 School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and the Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Julie Bernhardt
- 2 Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- 9 Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,10 Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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148
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Edwardson CL, Biddle SJH, Clarke-Cornwell A, Clemes S, Davies MJ, Dunstan DW, Eborall H, Granat MH, Gray LJ, Healy GN, Richardson G, Yates T, Munir F. A three arm cluster randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the SMART Work & Life intervention for reducing daily sitting time in office workers: study protocol. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1120. [PMID: 30217233 PMCID: PMC6137871 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Office-based workers typically spend 70-85% of working hours, and a large proportion of leisure time, sitting. High levels of sitting have been linked to poor health. There is a need for fully powered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with long-term follow-up to test the effectiveness of interventions to reduce sitting. This paper describes the methodology of a three-arm cluster RCT designed to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the SMART Work & Life intervention, delivered with and without a height-adjustable desk, for reducing daily sitting. METHODS/DESIGN A three-arm cluster RCT of 33 clusters (660 council workers) will be conducted in three areas in England (Leicester; Manchester; Liverpool). Office groups (clusters) will be randomised to the SMART Work & Life intervention delivered with (group 1) or without (group 2) a height-adjustable desk or a control group (group 3). SMART Work & Life includes organisational (e.g., management buy-in, provision/support for standing meetings), environmental (e.g., relocating waste bins, printers), and group/individual (education, action planning, goal setting, addressing barriers, coaching, self-monitoring, social support) level behaviour change strategies, with strategies driven by workplace champions. Baseline, 3, 12 and 24 month measures will be taken. PRIMARY OUTCOME Objectively measured daily sitting time (activPAL3). SECONDARY OUTCOMES objectively measured sitting, standing, stepping, prolonged sitting and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time and number of steps at work and daily; objectively measured sleep (wrist accelerometry). Adiposity, blood pressure, fasting glucose, glycated haemoglobin, cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL) and triglycerides will be assessed from capillary blood samples. Questionnaires will examine dietary intake, fatigue, musculoskeletal issues, job performance and satisfaction, work engagement, occupational and general fatigue, stress, presenteeism, anxiety and depression and sickness absence (organisational records). Quality of life and resources used (e.g. GP visits, outpatient attendances) will also be assessed. We will conduct a full process evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis. DISCUSSION The results of this RCT will 1) help to understand how effective an important simple, yet relatively expensive environmental change is for reducing sitting, 2) provide evidence on changing behaviour across all waking hours, and 3) provide evidence for policy guidelines around population and workplace health and well-being. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN11618007 . Registered on 21 January 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L. Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Stuart J. H. Biddle
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD Australia
| | | | - Stacy Clemes
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Melanie J. Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - David W. Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC Australia
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, The Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Helen Eborall
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Laura J. Gray
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Genevieve N. Healy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University, Perth, WA Australia
| | | | - Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
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149
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Efficacy of a Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Workplace Sitting Time in Office Workers. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 60:787-795. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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150
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Ezeugwu VE, Manns PJ. The Feasibility and Longitudinal Effects of a Home-Based Sedentary Behavior Change Intervention After Stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2018; 99:2540-2547. [PMID: 29981314 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effects of a sedentary behavior change intervention on sedentary behavior, physical activity, function, and quality of life following inpatient stroke rehabilitation. DESIGN Single-group, longitudinal, intervention study with 1-week baseline, 8-week intervention, and 8-week follow-up. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Individuals (N=34) with subacute stroke recruited within 1 month following discharge home from inpatient stroke rehabilitation. INTERVENTION STand Up Frequently From Stroke (STUFFS) intervention that involved interrupting and replacing sedentary time with upright activities (standing and walking) at home and in the community. A motivational wrist-worn activity monitor was used throughout the intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcomes were reach (enrolled/eligible), retention (completed/enrolled), satisfaction, and compliance with the intervention. Secondary outcomes were sedentary behavior, physical activity, lower extremity impairment, self-efficacy, cognitive status, mobility, and quality of life outcomes. RESULTS Forty-four participants were eligible to participate. Of the eligible, 34 (77.3%; time since stroke onset: 3.5±1.1 months) were enrolled at baseline and 32 (94.1%) of the enrolled had complete data at follow-up. Satisfaction with the program was 89%. Sedentary time decreased by 54.2±13.7 minutes per day (P<.01) at postintervention and 26.8±14.0 minutes per day (P=.07) at follow-up, relative to baseline. There were significant improvements in walking speed, cognition, impairment, and self-reported quality of life over time (P<.05). Self-efficacy was high across all time points. The number of steps and time spent stepping were not statistically different across both time periods. CONCLUSIONS The program was feasible to deliver in the home environment with good retention and satisfaction. Further research is required to test the effectiveness of the STUFFS program compared with usual care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor E Ezeugwu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Patricia J Manns
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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