101
|
Cai Z, Xing R, Liu J, Xing F. Commentary: PIRs Mediate Innate Myeloid Cell Memory to Nonself MHC Molecules. Front Immunol 2021; 12:721344. [PMID: 34804010 PMCID: PMC8600524 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.721344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Cai
- Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xing
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jinan University School of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feiyue Xing
- Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Toll-Like Receptor 4 Regulates Rabies Virus-Induced Humoral Immunity through Recruitment of Conventional Type 2 Dendritic Cells to Lymph Organs. J Virol 2021; 95:e0082921. [PMID: 34613801 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00829-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rabies, caused by rabies virus (RABV), is fatal to both humans and animals around the world. Effective clinical therapy for rabies has not been achieved, and vaccination is the most effective means of preventing and controlling rabies. Although different vaccines, such as live attenuated and inactivated vaccines, can induce different immune responses, different expressions of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) also cause diverse immune responses. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a pivotal PRR that induces cytokine production and bridges innate and adaptive immunity. Importantly, TLR4 recognizes various virus-derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and virus-induced damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), usually leading to the activation of immune cells. However, the role of TLR4 in the humoral immune response induced by RABV has not yet been revealed. Based on TLR4-deficient (TLR4-/-) and wild-type (WT) mouse models, we report that TLR4-dependent recruitment of the conventional type 2 dendritic cells (CD8α- CD11b+ cDC2) into secondary lymph organs (SLOs) is critical for antigen presentation. cDC2-initiated differentiation of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells promotes the proliferation of germinal center (GC) B cells, the formation of GCs, and the production of plasma cells (PCs), all of which contribute to the production of RABV-specific IgG and virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs). Collectively, our work demonstrates that TLR4 is necessary for the recruitment of cDC2 and for the induction of RABV-induced humoral immunity, which is regulated by the cDC2-Tfh-GC B axis. IMPORTANCE Vaccination is the most efficient method to prevent rabies. TLR4, a well-known immune sensor, plays a critical role in initiating innate immune response. Here, we found that TLR4-deficient (TLR4-/-) mice suppressed the induction of humoral immune response after immunization with rabies virus (RABV), including reduced production of VNAs and RABV-specific IgG compared to that occurred in wild-type (WT) mice. As a consequence, TLR4-/- mice exhibited higher mortality than that of WT mice after challenge with virulent RABV. Importantly, further investigation found that TLR4 signaling promoted the recruitment of cDC2 (CD8α+ CD11b-), a subset of cDCs known to induce CD4+ T-cell immunity through their MHC-II presentation machinery. Our results imply that TLR4 is indispensable for an efficient humoral response to rabies vaccine, which provides new insight into the development of novel rabies vaccines.
Collapse
|
103
|
Huang YK, Busuttil RA, Boussioutas A. The Role of Innate Immune Cells in Tumor Invasion and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235885. [PMID: 34884995 PMCID: PMC8656477 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor invasion and metastasis are one of the main reasons patients succumb to cancer. In this review, we summarize recent studies which provide evidence on the involvement of cells of the innate immune system and their function in invasion and metastasis. Abstract Metastasis is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer and enhanced tumor invasion and metastasis is significantly associated with cancer mortality. Metastasis occurs via a series of integrated processes involving tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. The innate immune components of the microenvironment have been shown to engage with tumor cells and not only regulate their proliferation and survival, but also modulate the surrounding environment to enable cancer progression. In the era of immune therapies, it is critical to understand how different innate immune cell populations are involved in this process. This review summarizes recent literature describing the roles of innate immune cells during the tumor metastatic cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kuan Huang
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.-K.H.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Rita A. Busuttil
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.-K.H.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Alex Boussioutas
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.-K.H.); (R.A.B.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Chen X, MacNabb BW, Flood B, Blazar BR, Kline J. Divergent fates of antigen-specific CD8 + T cell clones in mice with acute leukemia. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109991. [PMID: 34758311 PMCID: PMC8656370 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of a dysfunctional CD8+ T cell state in cancer is well established. However, the degree to which CD8+ T cell fates are influenced by the context in which they encounter cognate tumor antigen is less clear. We previously demonstrated that CD8+ T cells reactive to a model leukemia antigen were deleted by antigen cross-presenting type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s). Here, through a study of T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic CD8+ T cells (TCRTg101) reactive to a native C1498 leukemia cell antigen, we uncover a different mode of T cell tolerance in which TCRTg101 undergo progressive expansion and differentiation into an exhausted state. Antigen encounter by TCRTg101 requires leukemia cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I expression and is independent of DCs, implying that leukemia cells directly mediate the exhausted TCRTg101 phenotype. Collectively, our data reveal that leukemia antigens are presented to CD8+ T cells via discrete pathways, leading to distinct tolerant states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiufen Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Blake Flood
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Justin Kline
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Nombel A, Fabien N, Coutant F. Dermatomyositis With Anti-MDA5 Antibodies: Bioclinical Features, Pathogenesis and Emerging Therapies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:773352. [PMID: 34745149 PMCID: PMC8564476 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.773352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis is a rare systemic autoimmune disease, historically described in Japanese patients with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis and life-threatening rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease. Subsequently, the complete clinical spectrum of the disease was enriched by skin, articular and vascular manifestations. Depending on the predominance of these symptoms, three distinct clinical phenotypes with different prognosis are now defined. To date, the only known molecular component shared by the three entities are specific antibodies targeting MDA5, a cytosolic protein essential for antiviral host immune responses. Several biological tools have emerged to detect these antibodies, with drawbacks and limitations for each of them. However, the identification of this highly specific serological marker of the disease raises the question of its role in the pathogenesis. Although current knowledge on the pathogenic mechanisms that take place in the disease are still in their enfancy, several lines of evidence support a central role of interferon-mediated vasculopathy in the development of skin and lung lesions, as well as a possible pathogenic involvement of anti-MDA5 antibodies. Here, we review the clinical and biological evidences in favor of these hypothesis, and we discuss the contribution of emerging therapies that shed some light on the pathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Nombel
- Immunology Department, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Nicole Fabien
- Immunology Department, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Frédéric Coutant
- Immunology Department, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France.,Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Team, University of Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Zhang S, Chopin M, Nutt SL. Type 1 conventional dendritic cells: ontogeny, function, and emerging roles in cancer immunotherapy. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:1113-1127. [PMID: 34728143 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key immune sentinels that orchestrate protective immune responses against pathogens or cancers. DCs have evolved into multiple phenotypically, anatomically, and functionally distinct cell types. One of these DC types, Type 1 conventional DCs (cDC1s), are uniquely equipped to promote cytotoxic CD8+ T cell differentiation and, therefore, represent a promising target for harnessing antitumor immunity. Indeed, recent studies have highlighted the importance of cDC1s in tumor immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we review the progress in defining the key developmental and functional attributes of cDC1s and the approaches to optimizing the potency of cDC1s for anticancer immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Zhang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michaël Chopin
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Liang S, Wu YS, Li DY, Tang JX, Liu HF. Autophagy in Viral Infection and Pathogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:766142. [PMID: 34722550 PMCID: PMC8554085 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.766142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As an evolutionarily conserved cellular process, autophagy plays an essential role in the cellular metabolism of eukaryotes as well as in viral infection and pathogenesis. Under physiological conditions, autophagy is able to meet cellular energy needs and maintain cellular homeostasis through degrading long-lived cellular proteins and recycling damaged organelles. Upon viral infection, host autophagy could degrade invading viruses and initial innate immune response and facilitate viral antigen presentation, all of which contribute to preventing viral infection and pathogenesis. However, viruses have evolved a variety of strategies during a long evolutionary process, by which they can hijack and subvert host autophagy for their own benefits. In this review, we highlight the function of host autophagy in the key regulatory steps during viral infections and pathogenesis and discuss how the viruses hijack the host autophagy for their life cycle and pathogenesis. Further understanding the function of host autophagy in viral infection and pathogenesis contributes to the development of more specific therapeutic strategies to fight various infectious diseases, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yun-Shan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Dong-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ji-Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University (Foshan Shunde Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Foshan, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections trigger viral RNA sensors such as TLR7 and RIG-I, thereby leading to production of type I interferon (IFN) and other inflammatory mediators. Expression of viral proteins in the context of this inflammation leads to stereotypical antigen-specific antibody and T cell responses that clear the virus. Immunity is then maintained through long-lived antibody-secreting plasma cells and by memory B and T cells that can initiate anamnestic responses. Each of these steps is consistent with prior knowledge of acute RNA virus infections. Yet there are certain concepts, while not entirely new, that have been resurrected by the biology of severe SARS-CoV-2 infections and deserve further attention. These include production of anti-IFN autoantibodies, early inflammatory processes that slow adaptive humoral immunity, immunodominance of antibody responses, and original antigenic sin. Moreover, multiple different vaccine platforms allow for comparisons of pathways that promote robust and durable adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schenten
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States.
| | - Deepta Bhattacharya
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Li Y, Li J, Yuan Q, Bian X, Long F, Duan R, Gao F, Gao S, Wei S, Wang A, Liu A, Li X, Sun W, Liu Q. Deficiency in WDFY4 reduces the number of CD8 + T cells via reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis. Mol Immunol 2021; 139:131-138. [PMID: 34482201 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
WDFY4 (WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing 4) is a susceptibility gene involved in several autoimmune diseases and plays an important role in the immune system. However, it is not clear how WDFY4 affects T cells. We have generated a Wdfy4-knockout mouse and found that selective deficiency of Wdfy4 in T cells led to a reduction in the number of CD8+ T cells in the periphery, thus promoting tumor growth when mice were challenged with a transplantable tumor. Moreover, conditional ablation of Wdfy4 in T cells enhanced the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells and increased the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species accompanied by the upregulation of Nox2. Mechanistically, the decrease in the CD8+ T-cell numbers in Wdfy4-knockout mice was associated with activation of the p53 pathway and inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. In addition, WDFY4 participated in cell proliferation. In conclusion, our results elucidate the biological role of WDFY4 in apoptosis and establish a link between WDFY4 and T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jiangxia Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qianqian Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xianli Bian
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Feng Long
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ruonan Duan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shijun Wei
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Anran Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qiji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Detjen KM, Otto R, Giesecke Y, Geisler L, Riemer P, Jann H, Grötzinger C, Sers C, Pascher A, Lüdde T, Leser U, Wiedenmann B, Sigal M, Tacke F, Roderburg C, Hammerich L. Elevated Flt3L Predicts Long-Term Survival in Patients with High-Grade Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4463. [PMID: 34503273 PMCID: PMC8430927 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical management of high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN) is challenging due to disease heterogeneity, illustrating the need for reliable biomarkers facilitating patient stratification and guiding treatment decisions. FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) is emerging as a prognostic or predictive surrogate marker of host tumoral immune response and might enable the stratification of patients with otherwise comparable tumor features. METHODS We evaluated Flt3L gene expression in tumor tissue as well as circulating Flt3L levels as potential biomarkers in a cohort of 54 patients with GEP-NEN. RESULTS We detected a prominent induction of Flt3L gene expression in individual G2 and G3 NEN, but not in G1 neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Flt3L mRNA expression levels in tumor tissue predicted the disease-related survival of patients with highly proliferative G2 and G3 NEN more accurately than the conventional criteria of grading or NEC/NET differentiation. High level Flt3L mRNA expression was associated with the increased expression of genes related to immunogenic cell death, lymphocyte effector function and dendritic cell maturation, suggesting a less tolerogenic (more proinflammatory) phenotype of tumors with Flt3L induction. Importantly, circulating levels of Flt3L were also elevated in high grade NEN and correlated with patients' progression-free and disease-related survival, thereby reflecting the results observed in tumor tissue. CONCLUSIONS We propose Flt3L as a prognostic biomarker for high grade GEP-NEN, harnessing its potential as a marker of an inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Flt3L measurements in serum, which can be easily be incorporated into clinical routine, should be further evaluated to guide patient stratification and treatment decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M. Detjen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Raik Otto
- Knowledge Management in Bioinformatics, Institute for Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (R.O.); (U.L.)
| | - Yvonne Giesecke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Lukas Geisler
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Pamela Riemer
- Institute of Pathology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (P.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Henning Jann
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Sers
- Institute of Pathology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (P.R.); (C.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Pascher
- Department of Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Tom Lüdde
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Ulf Leser
- Knowledge Management in Bioinformatics, Institute for Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (R.O.); (U.L.)
| | - Bertram Wiedenmann
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Michael Sigal
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Linda Hammerich
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.D.); (Y.G.); (L.G.); (H.J.); (C.G.); (B.W.); (M.S.); (F.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Li Y, Wang A, Long F, Gao F, Gao S, Wei S, Liu A, Li X, Sun W, Li J, Liu Q. Lack of WDFY4 Aggravates Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma via Enhanced Th2 Cell Differentiation. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2021; 182:1089-1096. [PMID: 34425575 PMCID: PMC8619739 DOI: 10.1159/000516970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease, and Th2 cells play an important role in asthma. WDFY4 (WDFY family member 4) is a susceptibility gene in several autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVE In this study, the roles of WDFY4 in Th2 cell differentiation and Th2-dependent asthma were investigated. METHODS Naïve CD4+ T cells were isolated from wild-type and WDFY4-deficient mice and induced to differentiate in vitro. Subsequently, a mouse model of asthma was established by sensitization with ovalbumin. RESULTS Study results showed that WDFY4 deficiency could promote the differentiation of Th2 cells and the production of Th2 cytokines. WDFY4-deficient asthmatic mice showed higher levels of Th2 cytokines in the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid than wild-type mice. Moreover, infiltration of inflammatory cells, hyperplasia of goblet cells, production of mucus, and deposition of collagen were enhanced in WDFY4-deficient asthmatic mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the pivotal role of WDFY4 in the pathogenesis of asthma and in Th2 cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Novoszel P, Drobits B, Holcmann M, Fernandes CDS, Tschismarov R, Derdak S, Decker T, Wagner EF, Sibilia M. The AP-1 transcription factors c-Jun and JunB are essential for CD8α conventional dendritic cell identity. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2404-2420. [PMID: 33758366 PMCID: PMC8329169 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) development is orchestrated by lineage-determining transcription factors (TFs). Although, members of the activator-protein-1 (AP-1) family, including Batf3, have been implicated in conventional (c)DC specification, the role of Jun proteins is poorly understood. Here, we identified c-Jun and JunB as essential for cDC1 fate specification and function. In mice, Jun proteins regulate extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which control CD8α cDC1 diversification, whereas CD103 cDC1 development is unaffected. The loss of c-Jun and JunB in DC progenitors diminishes the CD8α cDC1 pool and thus confers resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection. Their absence in CD8α cDC1 results in impaired TLR triggering and antigen cross-presentation. Both TFs are required for the maintenance of the CD8α cDC1 subset and suppression of cDC2 identity on a transcriptional and phenotypic level. Taken together, these results demonstrate the essential role of c-Jun and JunB in CD8α cDC1 diversification, function, and maintenance of their identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Novoszel
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Drobits
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Holcmann
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristiano De Sa Fernandes
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Tschismarov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Derdak
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Decker
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin F Wagner
- Department of Dermatology and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Giampazolias E, Schulz O, Lim KHJ, Rogers NC, Chakravarty P, Srinivasan N, Gordon O, Cardoso A, Buck MD, Poirier EZ, Canton J, Zelenay S, Sammicheli S, Moncaut N, Varsani-Brown S, Rosewell I, Reis e Sousa C. Secreted gelsolin inhibits DNGR-1-dependent cross-presentation and cancer immunity. Cell 2021; 184:4016-4031.e22. [PMID: 34081922 PMCID: PMC8320529 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cross-presentation of antigens from dead tumor cells by type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) is thought to underlie priming of anti-cancer CD8+ T cells. cDC1 express high levels of DNGR-1 (a.k.a. CLEC9A), a receptor that binds to F-actin exposed by dead cell debris and promotes cross-presentation of associated antigens. Here, we show that secreted gelsolin (sGSN), an extracellular protein, decreases DNGR-1 binding to F-actin and cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens by cDC1s. Mice deficient in sGsn display increased DNGR-1-dependent resistance to transplantable tumors, especially ones expressing neoantigens associated with the actin cytoskeleton, and exhibit greater responsiveness to cancer immunotherapy. In human cancers, lower levels of intratumoral sGSN transcripts, as well as presence of mutations in proteins associated with the actin cytoskeleton, are associated with signatures of anti-cancer immunity and increased patient survival. Our results reveal a natural barrier to cross-presentation of cancer antigens that dampens anti-tumor CD8+ T cell responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Giampazolias
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Oliver Schulz
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kok Haw Jonathan Lim
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Neil C Rogers
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Probir Chakravarty
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Naren Srinivasan
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Oliver Gordon
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Ana Cardoso
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Michael D Buck
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Enzo Z Poirier
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Johnathan Canton
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Santiago Zelenay
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Stefano Sammicheli
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Natalia Moncaut
- Genetic Modification Services, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sunita Varsani-Brown
- Genetic Modification Services, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Ian Rosewell
- Genetic Modification Services, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Caetano Reis e Sousa
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Mattiuz R, Brousse C, Ambrosini M, Cancel J, Bessou G, Mussard J, Sanlaville A, Caux C, Bendriss‐Vermare N, Valladeau‐Guilemond J, Dalod M, Crozat K. Type 1 conventional dendritic cells and interferons are required for spontaneous CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell protective responses to breast cancer. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1305. [PMID: 34277006 PMCID: PMC8279130 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To better understand how immune responses may be harnessed against breast cancer, we investigated which immune cell types and signalling pathways are required for spontaneous control of a mouse model of mammary adenocarcinoma. METHODS The NOP23 mammary adenocarcinoma cell line expressing epitopes derived from the ovalbumin model antigen is spontaneously controlled when orthotopically engrafted in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. We combined this breast cancer model with antibody-mediated depletion of lymphocytes and with mutant mice affected in interferon (IFN) or type 1 conventional dendritic cell (cDC1) responses. We monitored tumor growth and immune infiltration including the activation of cognate ovalbumin-specific T cells. RESULTS Breast cancer immunosurveillance required cDC1, NK/NK T cells, conventional CD4+ T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). cDC1 were required constitutively, but especially during T-cell priming. In tumors, cDC1 were interacting simultaneously with CD4+ T cells and tumor-specific CTLs. cDC1 expression of the XCR1 chemokine receptor and of the T-cell-attracting or T-cell-activating cytokines CXCL9, IL-12 and IL-15 was dispensable for tumor rejection, whereas IFN responses were necessary, including cDC1-intrinsic signalling by STAT1 and IFN-γ but not type I IFN (IFN-I). cDC1 and IFNs promoted CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration, terminal differentiation and effector functions. In breast cancer patients, high intratumor expression of genes specific to cDC1, CTLs, CD4+ T cells or IFN responses is associated with a better prognosis. CONCLUSION Interferons and cDC1 are critical for breast cancer immunosurveillance. IFN-γ plays a prominent role over IFN-I in licensing cDC1 for efficient T-cell activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Mattiuz
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐LuminyTuring Center for Living SystemsCNRSINSERMAix Marseille UnivMarseilleFrance
- Present address:
The Precision Immunology Institute and Tisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Carine Brousse
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐LuminyTuring Center for Living SystemsCNRSINSERMAix Marseille UnivMarseilleFrance
| | - Marc Ambrosini
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐LuminyTuring Center for Living SystemsCNRSINSERMAix Marseille UnivMarseilleFrance
| | - Jean‐Charles Cancel
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐LuminyTuring Center for Living SystemsCNRSINSERMAix Marseille UnivMarseilleFrance
| | - Gilles Bessou
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐LuminyTuring Center for Living SystemsCNRSINSERMAix Marseille UnivMarseilleFrance
| | - Julie Mussard
- INSERM 1052CNRS 5286Centre Léon BérardCancer Research Center of LyonUniv LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Amélien Sanlaville
- INSERM 1052CNRS 5286Centre Léon BérardCancer Research Center of LyonUniv LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Christophe Caux
- INSERM 1052CNRS 5286Centre Léon BérardCancer Research Center of LyonUniv LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Nathalie Bendriss‐Vermare
- INSERM 1052CNRS 5286Centre Léon BérardCancer Research Center of LyonUniv LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Jenny Valladeau‐Guilemond
- INSERM 1052CNRS 5286Centre Léon BérardCancer Research Center of LyonUniv LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Marc Dalod
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐LuminyTuring Center for Living SystemsCNRSINSERMAix Marseille UnivMarseilleFrance
| | - Karine Crozat
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐LuminyTuring Center for Living SystemsCNRSINSERMAix Marseille UnivMarseilleFrance
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Huang X, Ferris ST, Kim S, Choudhary MNK, Belk JA, Fan C, Qi Y, Sudan R, Xia Y, Desai P, Chen J, Ly N, Shi Q, Bagadia P, Liu T, Guilliams M, Egawa T, Colonna M, Diamond MS, Murphy TL, Satpathy AT, Wang T, Murphy KM. Differential usage of transcriptional repressor Zeb2 enhancers distinguishes adult and embryonic hematopoiesis. Immunity 2021; 54:1417-1432.e7. [PMID: 34004142 PMCID: PMC8282756 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional repressor ZEB2 regulates development of many cell fates among somatic, neural, and hematopoietic lineages, but the basis for its requirement in these diverse lineages is unclear. Here, we identified a 400-basepair (bp) region located 165 kilobases (kb) upstream of the Zeb2 transcriptional start site (TSS) that binds the E proteins at several E-box motifs and was active in hematopoietic lineages. Germline deletion of this 400-bp region (Zeb2Δ-165mice) specifically prevented Zeb2 expression in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-derived lineages. Zeb2Δ-165 mice lacked development of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), monocytes, and B cells. All macrophages in Zeb2Δ-165 mice were exclusively of embryonic origin. Using single-cell chromatin profiling, we identified a second Zeb2 enhancer located at +164-kb that was selectively active in embryonically derived lineages, but not HSC-derived ones. Thus, Zeb2 expression in adult, but not embryonic, hematopoiesis is selectively controlled by the -165-kb Zeb2 enhancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stephen T Ferris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sunkyung Kim
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mayank N K Choudhary
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Julia A Belk
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Changxu Fan
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yanyan Qi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Pritesh Desai
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nghi Ly
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Quanming Shi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Prachi Bagadia
- Department of Oncology, Amgen, 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Martin Guilliams
- Unit of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Takeshi Egawa
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Theresa L Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Ghislat G, Cheema AS, Baudoin E, Verthuy C, Ballester PJ, Crozat K, Attaf N, Dong C, Milpied P, Malissen B, Auphan-Anezin N, Manh TPV, Dalod M, Lawrence T. NF-κB-dependent IRF1 activation programs cDC1 dendritic cells to drive antitumor immunity. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:6/61/eabg3570. [PMID: 34244313 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abg3570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) are critical for antitumor immunity. They acquire antigens from dying tumor cells and cross-present them to CD8+ T cells, promoting the expansion of tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells. However, the signaling pathways that govern the antitumor functions of cDC1s in immunogenic tumors are poorly understood. Using single-cell transcriptomics to examine the molecular pathways regulating intratumoral cDC1 maturation, we found nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and interferon (IFN) pathways to be highly enriched in a subset of functionally mature cDC1s. We identified an NF-κB-dependent and IFN-γ-regulated gene network in cDC1s, including cytokines and chemokines specialized in the recruitment and activation of cytotoxic T cells. By mapping the trajectory of intratumoral cDC1 maturation, we demonstrated the dynamic reprogramming of tumor-infiltrating cDC1s by NF-κB and IFN signaling pathways. This maturation process was perturbed by specific inactivation of either NF-κB or IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) in cDC1s, resulting in impaired expression of IFN-γ-responsive genes and consequently a failure to efficiently recruit and activate antitumoral CD8+ T cells. Last, we demonstrate the relevance of these findings to patients with melanoma, showing that activation of the NF-κB/IRF1 axis in association with cDC1s is linked with improved clinical outcome. The NF-κB/IRF1 axis in cDC1s may therefore represent an important focal point for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to improve cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghita Ghislat
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Ammar S Cheema
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Elodie Baudoin
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Verthuy
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Pedro J Ballester
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille CRCM, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Karine Crozat
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Noudjoud Attaf
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Chuang Dong
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Milpied
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Auphan-Anezin
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Thien P Vu Manh
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Marc Dalod
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Toby Lawrence
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France. .,Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Cancer Research UK King's Health Partners Centre, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
The formation of pre-effectors in the steady state opens a new perspective for cancer immunosurveillance. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1318-1320. [PMID: 34194629 PMCID: PMC8238249 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
118
|
Muniz-Bongers LR, McClain CB, Saxena M, Bongers G, Merad M, Bhardwaj N. MMP2 and TLRs modulate immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. JCI Insight 2021; 6:144913. [PMID: 34032639 PMCID: PMC8262464 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.144913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is a major obstacle in the success of cancer immunotherapies. Because extracellular matrix components can shape the microenvironment, we investigated the role of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) in melanoma tumorigenesis. We found that MMP2 signals proinflammatory pathways on antigen presenting cells, and this requires both TLR2 and TLR4. B16 melanoma cells that express MMP2 at baseline have slower kinetics in Tlr2–/–Tlr4–/– mice, implicating MMP2 in promoting tumor growth. Indeed, Mmp2 overexpression in B16 cells potentiated rapid tumor growth, which was accompanied by reduced intratumoral cytolytic cells and increased M2 macrophages. In contrast, knockdown of Mmp2 slowed tumor growth and enhanced T cell proliferation and NK cell recruitment. Finally, we found that these effects of MMP2 are mediated through dysfunctional DC–T cell cross-talk as they are lost in Batf3–/– and Rag2–/– mice. These findings provide insights into the detrimental role of endogenous alarmins like MMP2 in modulating immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mansi Saxena
- Tisch Cancer Institute.,Hematology and Oncology Department, and
| | - Gerold Bongers
- Tisch Cancer Institute.,Oncological Sciences Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Tisch Cancer Institute.,Oncological Sciences Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Tisch Cancer Institute.,Hematology and Oncology Department, and
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Riggan L, Hildreth AD, Rolot M, Wong YY, Satyadi W, Sun R, Huerta C, O'Sullivan TE. CRISPR-Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein-Mediated Genomic Editing in Mature Primary Innate Immune Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107651. [PMID: 32433960 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR genome engineering has become a powerful tool to functionally investigate the complex mechanisms of immune system regulation. While decades of work have aimed to genetically reprogram innate immunity, the utility of current approaches is restricted by poor knockout efficiencies or limited specificity for mature cell lineages in vivo. Here, we describe an optimized strategy for non-viral CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (cRNP) genomic editing of mature primary mouse innate lymphocyte cells (ILCs) and myeloid lineage cells that results in an almost complete loss of single or double target gene expression from a single electroporation. Furthermore, we describe in vivo adoptive transfer mouse models that can be utilized to screen for gene function during viral infection using cRNP-edited naive natural killer (NK) cells and bone-marrow-derived conventional dendritic cell precursors (cDCPs). This resource will enhance target gene discovery and offer a specific and simplified approach to gene editing in the mouse innate immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Riggan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andrew D Hildreth
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marion Rolot
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA
| | - Yung-Yu Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA
| | - William Satyadi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA
| | - Ryan Sun
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA
| | - Christopher Huerta
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA
| | - Timothy E O'Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
de Mingo Pulido Á, Hänggi K, Celias DP, Gardner A, Li J, Batista-Bittencourt B, Mohamed E, Trillo-Tinoco J, Osunmakinde O, Peña R, Onimus A, Kaisho T, Kaufmann J, McEachern K, Soliman H, Luca VC, Rodriguez PC, Yu X, Ruffell B. The inhibitory receptor TIM-3 limits activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in intra-tumoral dendritic cells by suppressing extracellular DNA uptake. Immunity 2021; 54:1154-1167.e7. [PMID: 33979578 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Blockade of the inhibitory receptor TIM-3 shows efficacy in cancer immunotherapy clinical trials. TIM-3 inhibits production of the chemokine CXCL9 by XCR1+ classical dendritic cells (cDC1), thereby limiting antitumor immunity in mammary carcinomas. We found that increased CXCL9 expression by splenic cDC1s upon TIM-3 blockade required type I interferons and extracellular DNA. Chemokine expression as well as combinatorial efficacy of TIM-3 blockade and paclitaxel chemotherapy were impaired by deletion of Cgas and Sting. TIM-3 blockade increased uptake of extracellular DNA by cDC1 through an endocytic process that resulted in cytoplasmic localization. DNA uptake and efficacy of TIM-3 blockade required DNA binding by HMGB1, while galectin-9-induced cell surface clustering of TIM-3 was necessary for its suppressive function. Human peripheral blood cDC1s also took up extracellular DNA upon TIM-3 blockade. Thus, TIM-3 regulates endocytosis of extracellular DNA and activation of the cytoplasmic DNA sensing cGAS-STING pathway in cDC1s, with implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying TIM-3 immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro de Mingo Pulido
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Kay Hänggi
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Daiana P Celias
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alycia Gardner
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Bruna Batista-Bittencourt
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Eslam Mohamed
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jimena Trillo-Tinoco
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Olabisi Osunmakinde
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg 29220, Denmark
| | - Reymi Peña
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alexis Onimus
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Molecular Medicine PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Institute for Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Johanna Kaufmann
- Immuno-Oncology & Combinations Research Unit, GSK, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | | | - Hatem Soliman
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Vincent C Luca
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Brian Ruffell
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Cueto FJ, Del Fresno C, Brandi P, Combes AJ, Hernández-García E, Sánchez-Paulete AR, Enamorado M, Bromley CP, Gomez MJ, Conde-Garrosa R, Mañes S, Zelenay S, Melero I, Iborra S, Krummel MF, Sancho D. DNGR-1 limits Flt3L-mediated antitumor immunity by restraining tumor-infiltrating type I conventional dendritic cells. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002054. [PMID: 33980589 PMCID: PMC8118081 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) are central to antitumor immunity and their presence in the tumor microenvironment associates with improved outcomes in patients with cancer. DNGR-1 (CLEC9A) is a dead cell-sensing receptor highly restricted to cDC1s. DNGR-1 has been involved in both cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens and processes of disease tolerance, but its role in antitumor immunity has not been clarified yet. METHODS B16 and MC38 tumor cell lines were inoculated subcutaneously into wild-type (WT) and DNGR-1-deficient mice. To overexpress Flt3L systemically, we performed gene therapy through the hydrodynamic injection of an Flt3L-encoding plasmid. To characterize the immune response, we performed flow cytometry and RNA-Seq of tumor-infiltrating cDC1s. RESULTS Here, we found that cross-presentation of tumor antigens in the steady state was DNGR-1-independent. However, on Flt3L systemic overexpression, tumor growth was delayed in DNGR-1-deficient mice compared with WT mice. Of note, this protection was recapitulated by anti-DNGR-1-blocking antibodies in mice following Flt3L gene therapy. This improved antitumor immunity was associated with Batf3-dependent enhanced accumulation of CD8+ T cells and cDC1s within tumors. Mechanistically, the deficiency in DNGR-1 boosted an Flt3L-induced specific inflammatory gene signature in cDC1s, including Ccl5 expression. Indeed, the increased infiltration of cDC1s within tumors and their protective effect rely on CCL5/CCR5 chemoattraction. Moreover, FLT3LG and CCL5 or CCR5 gene expression signatures correlate with an enhanced cDC1 signature and a favorable overall survival in patients with cancer. Notably, cyclophosphamide elevated serum Flt3L levels and, in combination with the absence of DNGR-1, synergized against tumor growth. CONCLUSION DNGR-1 limits the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating cDC1s promoted by Flt3L. Thus, DNGR-1 blockade may improve antitumor immunity in tumor therapy settings associated to high Flt3L expression.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CCL5/genetics
- Chemokine CCL5/metabolism
- Coculture Techniques
- Colonic Neoplasms/genetics
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colonic Neoplasms/therapy
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Therapy
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Phenotype
- Receptors, CCR5/genetics
- Receptors, CCR5/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/therapy
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Escape
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Mice
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Cueto
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Del Fresno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Brandi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexis J Combes
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Elena Hernández-García
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso R Sánchez-Paulete
- Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Michel Enamorado
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christian P Bromley
- Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Manuel J Gomez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Conde-Garrosa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Mañes
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Darwin, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Zelenay
- Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- University Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Iborra
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David Sancho
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Jhunjhunwala S, Hammer C, Delamarre L. Antigen presentation in cancer: insights into tumour immunogenicity and immune evasion. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:298-312. [PMID: 33750922 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 543] [Impact Index Per Article: 181.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade, which blocks inhibitory signals of T cell activation, has shown tremendous success in treating cancer, although success still remains limited to a fraction of patients. To date, clinically effective CD8+ T cell responses appear to target predominantly antigens derived from tumour-specific mutations that accumulate in cancer, also called neoantigens. Tumour antigens are displayed on the surface of cells by class I human leukocyte antigens (HLA-I). To elicit an effective antitumour response, antigen presentation has to be successful at two distinct events: first, cancer antigens have to be taken up by dendritic cells (DCs) and cross-presented for CD8+ T cell priming. Second, the antigens have to be directly presented by the tumour for recognition by primed CD8+ T cells and killing. Tumours exploit multiple escape mechanisms to evade immune recognition at both of these steps. Here, we review the tumour-derived factors modulating DC function, and we summarize evidence of immune evasion by means of quantitative modulation or qualitative alteration of the antigen repertoire presented on tumours. These mechanisms include modulation of antigen expression, HLA-I surface levels, alterations in the antigen processing and presentation machinery in tumour cells. Lastly, as complete abrogation of antigen presentation can lead to natural killer (NK) cell-mediated tumour killing, we also discuss how tumours can harbour antigen presentation defects and still evade NK cell recognition.
Collapse
|
123
|
Zhou Y, Wang X, Zhang W, Liu H, Liu D, Chen P, Xu D, Liu J, Li Y, Zeng G, Li M, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, DiSanto ME, Zhang X. The Immune-Related Gene HCST as a Novel Biomarker for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:630706. [PMID: 33968730 PMCID: PMC8103545 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.630706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney tumor worldwide. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases showed that the immune-related gene (IRG) hematopoietic cell signal transducer (HCST) could provide guidance for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of ccRCC. The RNA-seq data of ccRCC tissues were extracted from two databases: TCGA (https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/ccg/research/structural-genomics/tcga) and GEO (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/). Corresponding clinical information was downloaded from TCGA. Immune-related gene data were extracted from the IMMPORT website (https://www.immport.org/). Differential analysis with R software (https://www.r-project.org/) was used to obtain a prognosis model of ccRCC IRGs. The differences were combined with the clinical data to assess the usefulness of the HCST as a prognostic biomarker. Based on data obtained from the Oncomine (https://www.oncomine.org/), Human Protein Atlas (https://www.proteinatlas.org/), and PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) databases, the expression levels of the HCST in ccRCC, clinical-pathological indicators of relevance, and influence on prognosis were analyzed. Regulation of the HCST gene in ccRCC was assessed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). In TCGA/GEO databases, the high HCST expression in tumor tissues was significantly correlated to the TMN stage, tumor grade, invasion depth, and lymphatic metastasis (p < 0.05). The overall survival (OS) of patients with high HCST gene expression was significantly lower than that of patients with low HCST gene expression (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that the HCST expression level [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.630, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.042–2.552], tumor cell grade (HR = 1.829, 95% CI = 1.115–3.001), and distant metastasis (HR = 2.634, 95%, CI = 1.562–4.442) were independent risk factors affecting the OS of ccRCC patients (all, p < 0.05). The GSEA study showed that there was significant enrichment in cell adhesion, tumorigenesis, and immune and inflammatory responses in HCST high expression samples. Hematopoietic cell signal transducer expression was closely associated with the levels of infiltrating immune cells around ccRCC tissues, especially dendritic cells (DCs). In conclusion, the present study suggested that the HCST was interrelated to the clinicopathology and poor prognosis of ccRCC. High HCST expression was also closely correlated with the levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, especially DCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongying Zhou
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiyong Liu
- Department of Urology, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, China
| | - Daoquan Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deqiang Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Zeng
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael E DiSanto
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Lin H, Kryczek I, Li S, Green MD, Ali A, Hamasha R, Wei S, Vatan L, Szeliga W, Grove S, Li X, Li J, Wang W, Yan Y, Choi JE, Li G, Bian Y, Xu Y, Zhou J, Yu J, Xia H, Wang W, Alva A, Chinnaiyan AM, Cieslik M, Zou W. Stanniocalcin 1 is a phagocytosis checkpoint driving tumor immune resistance. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:480-493.e6. [PMID: 33513345 PMCID: PMC8044011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy induces durable clinical responses in a fraction of patients with cancer. However, therapeutic resistance poses a major challenge to current immunotherapies. Here, we identify that expression of tumor stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) correlates with immunotherapy efficacy and is negatively associated with patient survival across diverse cancer types. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrate that tumor STC1 supports tumor progression and enables tumor resistance to checkpoint blockade in murine tumor models. Mechanistically, tumor STC1 interacts with calreticulin (CRT), an "eat-me" signal, and minimizes CRT membrane exposure, thereby abrogating membrane CRT-directed phagocytosis by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including macrophages and dendritic cells. Consequently, this impairs APC capacity of antigen presentation and T cell activation. Thus, tumor STC1 inhibits APC phagocytosis and contributes to tumor immune evasion and immunotherapy resistance. We suggest that STC1 is a previously unappreciated phagocytosis checkpoint and targeting STC1 and its interaction with CRT may sensitize to cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lin
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ilona Kryczek
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael D Green
- Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology and Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alicia Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Reema Hamasha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shuang Wei
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Linda Vatan
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wojciech Szeliga
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sara Grove
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiong Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Weichao Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yijian Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jae Eun Choi
- Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gaopeng Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yingjie Bian
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jiali Yu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Houjun Xia
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ajjai Alva
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Urology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marcin Cieslik
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Weiping Zou
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Ugel S, Canè S, De Sanctis F, Bronte V. Monocytes in the Tumor Microenvironment. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2021; 16:93-122. [PMID: 33497262 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-013058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment over the past decade. Nonetheless, prolonged survival is limited to relatively few patients. Cancers enforce a multifaceted immune-suppressive network whose nature is progressively shaped by systemic and local cues during tumor development. Monocytes bridge innate and adaptive immune responses and can affect the tumor microenvironment through various mechanisms that induce immune tolerance, angiogenesis, and increased dissemination of tumor cells. Yet monocytes can also give rise to antitumor effectors and activate antigen-presenting cells. This yin-yang activity relies on the plasticity of monocytes in response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the ontogeny, heterogeneity, and functions of monocytes and monocyte-derived cells in cancer, pinpointing the main pathways that are important for modeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ugel
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy;
| | - Stefania Canè
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy;
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Buquicchio FA, Satpathy AT. Interrogating immune cells and cancer with CRISPR-Cas9. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:432-446. [PMID: 33812776 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 technologies have transformed the study of genetic pathways governing cellular differentiation and function. Recent advances have adapted these methods to immune cells, which has accelerated the pace of functional genomics in immunology and enabled new avenues for the design of cellular immunotherapies for cancer. In this review, we summarize recent developments in CRISPR-Cas9 technology and discuss how they have been leveraged to discover and manipulate novel genetic regulators of the immune system. We envision that these results will provide a valuable resource to aid in the design, implementation, and interpretation of CRISPR-Cas9-based screens in immunology and immuno-oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Buquicchio
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells subdivided in specialized subsets. In this issue, Bosteels et al. challenge this concept, identifying a unique subset of inflammatory DCs characterized by hybrid myeloid features, capable of efficiently priming CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cells.
Collapse
|
128
|
Liang Y, Hannan R, Fu YX. Type I IFN Activating Type I Dendritic Cells for Antitumor Immunity. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3818-3824. [PMID: 33692027 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are successful immunotherapy modalities that enhance CD8+ T-cell responses. Although T cells are initially primed in draining lymph nodes, the mechanisms that underlie their reactivation inside the tumor microenvironment are less clear. Recent studies have found that not only is the cross-priming of conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) required to initiate CD8+ T-cell responses during tumor progression, but it also plays a central role in immunotherapy-mediated reactivation of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells for tumor regression. Moreover, many cancer treatment modalities trigger type I IFN responses, which play critical roles in boosting cDC1 cross-priming and CD8+ T-cell reactivation. Inducing type I IFNs within tumors can overcome innate immune resistance and activate antitumor adaptive immunity. Here, we review recent studies on how type I IFN-cDC1 cross-priming reactivates CD8+ T cells and contributes to tumor control by cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liang
- The Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Raquibul Hannan
- The Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- The Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Sutton KM, Morris KM, Borowska D, Sang H, Kaiser P, Balic A, Vervelde L. Characterization of Conventional Dendritic Cells and Macrophages in the Spleen Using the CSF1R-Reporter Transgenic Chickens. Front Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The spleen is a major site for the immunological responses to blood-borne antigens that is coordinated by cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). The chicken spleen is populated with a number of different macrophages while the presence of conventional dendritic cells (cDC) has been described. However, a detailed characterization of the phenotype and function of different macrophage subsets and cDC in the chicken spleen is limited. Using the CSF1R-reporter transgenic chickens (CSF1R-tg), in which cells of the MPS express a transgene under the control elements of the chicken CSF1R, we carried out an in-depth characterization of these cells in the spleen. Immunohistological analysis demonstrated differential expression of MRC1L-B by periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths (PALS)-associated CSF1R-tg+ cells. In the chicken's equivalent of the mammalian marginal zone, the peri-ellipsoid white-pulp (PWP), we identified high expression of putative CD11c by ellipsoid-associated cells compared to ellipsoid-associated macrophages. In addition, we identified a novel ellipsoid macrophage subset that expressed MHCII, CD11c, MRC1L-B, and CSF1R but not the CSF1R-tg. In flow cytometric analysis, diverse expression of the CSF1R-tg and MHCII was observed leading to the categorization of CSF1R-tg cells into CSF1R-tgdim MHCIIinter−hi, CSF1R-tghi MHCIIhi, and CSF1R-tghi MHCIIinter subpopulations. Low levels of CD80, CD40, MHCI, CD44, and Ch74.2 were expressed by the CSF1R-tghi MHCIIinter cells. Functionally, in vivo fluorescent bead uptake was significantly higher in the CSF1R-tghi MHCIIhi MRC1L-B+ cells compared to the CSF1R-tgdim and CSF1R-tghi MHCIIinter MRC1L-B+ subpopulations while LPS enhanced phagocytosis by the CSF1R-tghi MHCIIinter subpopulation. The analysis of bead localization in the spleen suggests the presence of ellipsoid-associated macrophage subsets. In addition, we demonstrated the functionality of ex vivo derived CSF1R-tg+ MRC1L-Bneg cDC. Finally, RNA-seq analysis of the CSF1R-tg subpopulations demonstrated that separating the CSF1R-tghi subpopulation into CD11chi and CD11cdim cells enriched for cDC and macrophage lineages, respectively, while the CSF1R-tghi MHCIIinter subpopulation was enriched for red pulp macrophages. However, our analysis could not define the cell lineage of the heterogeneous CSF1R-tgdim subpopulation. This detailed overview of the MPS in the chicken spleen will contribute to future research on their role in antigen uptake and presentation.
Collapse
|
130
|
Duhan V, Smyth MJ. Innate myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 69:18-28. [PMID: 33588308 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies are receiving increasing approval in the clinic, but still only a fraction of patients benefit long-term. Understanding the most important mechanisms of immunotherapeutic resistance is critical for broader utility and benefit of cancer immunotherapy. While the tumor microenvironment (TME) is made up of many cell types, immunosuppressive monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes and myeloid derived suppressor cells interact with, and play a critical role in regulating the anti-tumor lymphocyte effector cells that mediate effective immunotherapies. Herein, we discuss the latest research that has identified and compared the importance of pro-tumor and immunosuppressive mechanisms that tumor infiltrating myeloid cells employ. Exploiting this new information may help to develop totally novel therapies to boost contemporary cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Duhan
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Marciscano AE, Anandasabapathy N. The role of dendritic cells in cancer and anti-tumor immunity. Semin Immunol 2021; 52:101481. [PMID: 34023170 PMCID: PMC8545750 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are key sentinels of the host immune response with an important role in linking innate and adaptive immunity and maintaining tolerance. There is increasing recognition that DC are critical determinants of initiating and sustaining effective T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. Recent progress in immuno-oncology has led to the evolving insight that the presence and function of DC within the tumor microenvironment (TME) may dictate efficacy of cancer immunotherapies as well as conventional cancer therapies, including immune checkpoint blockade, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. As such, improved understanding of dendritic cell immunobiology specifically focusing on their role in T-cell priming, migration into tissues and TME, and the coordinated in vivo responses of functionally specialized DC subsets will facilitate a better mechanistic understanding of how tumor-immune surveillance can be leveraged to improve patient outcomes and to develop novel DC-targeted therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariel E Marciscano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Niroshana Anandasabapathy
- Department of Dermatology, Meyer Cancer Center, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Canton J, Blees H, Henry CM, Buck MD, Schulz O, Rogers NC, Childs E, Zelenay S, Rhys H, Domart MC, Collinson L, Alloatti A, Ellison CJ, Amigorena S, Papayannopoulos V, Thomas DC, Randow F, Reis e Sousa C. The receptor DNGR-1 signals for phagosomal rupture to promote cross-presentation of dead-cell-associated antigens. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:140-153. [PMID: 33349708 PMCID: PMC7116638 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 conventional dendritic (cDC1) cells are necessary for cross-presentation of many viral and tumor antigens to CD8+ T cells. cDC1 cells can be identified in mice and humans by high expression of DNGR-1 (also known as CLEC9A), a receptor that binds dead-cell debris and facilitates XP of corpse-associated antigens. Here, we show that DNGR-1 is a dedicated XP receptor that signals upon ligand engagement to promote phagosomal rupture. This allows escape of phagosomal contents into the cytosol, where they access the endogenous major histocompatibility complex class I antigen processing pathway. The activity of DNGR-1 maps to its signaling domain, which activates SYK and NADPH oxidase to cause phagosomal damage even when spliced into a heterologous receptor and expressed in heterologous cells. Our data reveal the existence of innate immune receptors that couple ligand binding to endocytic vesicle damage to permit MHC class I antigen presentation of exogenous antigens and to regulate adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Canton
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Hanna Blees
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Conor M Henry
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Michael D Buck
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Oliver Schulz
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Neil C Rogers
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Eleanor Childs
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Santiago Zelenay
- Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Hefin Rhys
- Flow Cytometry STP, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Lucy Collinson
- Electron Microscopy STP, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Andres Alloatti
- Centre de Recherche, INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cara J Ellison
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - David C Thomas
- Immunity and Inflammation, 9NC, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Felix Randow
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
133
|
Anderson DA, Dutertre CA, Ginhoux F, Murphy KM. Genetic models of human and mouse dendritic cell development and function. Nat Rev Immunol 2021; 21:101-115. [PMID: 32908299 PMCID: PMC10955724 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-00413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) develop in the bone marrow from haematopoietic progenitors that have numerous shared characteristics between mice and humans. Human counterparts of mouse DC progenitors have been identified by their shared transcriptional signatures and developmental potential. New findings continue to revise models of DC ontogeny but it is well accepted that DCs can be divided into two main functional groups. Classical DCs include type 1 and type 2 subsets, which can detect different pathogens, produce specific cytokines and present antigens to polarize mainly naive CD8+ or CD4+ T cells, respectively. By contrast, the function of plasmacytoid DCs is largely innate and restricted to the detection of viral infections and the production of type I interferon. Here, we discuss genetic models of mouse DC development and function that have aided in correlating ontogeny with function, as well as how these findings can be translated to human DCs and their progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Anderson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Cabeza-Cabrerizo M, Cardoso A, Minutti CM, Pereira da Costa M, Reis E Sousa C. Dendritic Cells Revisited. Annu Rev Immunol 2021; 39:131-166. [PMID: 33481643 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-061020-053707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) possess the ability to integrate information about their environment and communicate it to other leukocytes, shaping adaptive and innate immunity. Over the years, a variety of cell types have been called DCs on the basis of phenotypic and functional attributes. Here, we refocus attention on conventional DCs (cDCs), a discrete cell lineage by ontogenetic and gene expression criteria that best corresponds to the cells originally described in the 1970s. We summarize current knowledge of mouse and human cDC subsets and describe their hematopoietic development and their phenotypic and functional attributes. We hope that our effort to review the basic features of cDC biology and distinguish cDCs from related cell types brings to the fore the remarkable properties of this cell type while shedding some light on the seemingly inordinate complexity of the DC field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mar Cabeza-Cabrerizo
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom;
| | - Ana Cardoso
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom;
| | - Carlos M Minutti
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom;
| | | | - Caetano Reis E Sousa
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Gerhard GM, Bill R, Messemaker M, Klein AM, Pittet MJ. Tumor-infiltrating dendritic cell states are conserved across solid human cancers. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20200264. [PMID: 33601412 PMCID: PMC7754678 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) contribute a small fraction of the tumor microenvironment but are emerging as an essential antitumor component based on their ability to foster T cell immunity and immunotherapy responses. Here, we discuss our expanding view of DC heterogeneity in human tumors, as revealed with meta-analysis of single-cell transcriptome profiling studies. We further examine tumor-infiltrating DC states that are conserved across patients, cancer types, and species and consider the fundamental and clinical relevance of these findings. Finally, we provide an outlook on research opportunities to further explore mechanisms governing tumor-infiltrating DC behavior and functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve M. Gerhard
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ruben Bill
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marius Messemaker
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Allon M. Klein
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mikael J. Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Soto M, Ramírez L, Solana JC, Cook ECL, Hernández-García E, Charro-Zanca S, Redondo-Urzainqui A, Reguera RM, Balaña-Fouce R, Iborra S. Resistance to Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis in Mice Infected With Leishmania infantum Requires Batf3. Front Immunol 2020; 11:590934. [PMID: 33362772 PMCID: PMC7758202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Unveiling the protective immune response to visceral leishmaniasis is critical for a rational design of vaccines aimed at reducing the impact caused by this fatal, if left untreated, vector-borne disease. In this study we sought to determine the role of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like 3 (Batf3) in the evolution of infection with Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of human visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean Basin and Latin America. For that, Batf3-deficient mice in C57BL/6 background were infected with an L. infantum strain expressing the luciferase gene. Bioluminescent imaging, as well as in vitro parasite titration, demonstrated that Batf3-deficient mice were unable to control hepatic parasitosis as opposed to wild-type C57BL/6 mice. The impaired microbicide capacities of L. infantum-infected macrophages from Batf3-deficient mice mainly correlated with a reduction of parasite-specific IFN-γ production. Our results reinforce the implication of Batf3 in the generation of type 1 immunity against infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Soto
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ramírez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Solana
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma C L Cook
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Hernández-García
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Charro-Zanca
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Redondo-Urzainqui
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Reguera
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Iborra
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Lelliott EJ, Mangiola S, Ramsbottom KM, Zethoven M, Lim L, Lau PKH, Oliver AJ, Martelotto LG, Kirby L, Martin C, Patel RP, Slater A, Cullinane C, Papenfuss AT, Haynes NM, McArthur GA, Oliaro J, Sheppard KE. Combined BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 Inhibition Depletes Intratumoral Immune-Potentiating Myeloid Populations in Melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 9:136-146. [PMID: 33303574 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Combined inhibition of BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 is currently under evaluation in clinical trials for patients with melanoma harboring a BRAFV600 mutation. While this triple therapy has potent tumor-intrinsic effects, the impact of this combination on antitumor immunity remains unexplored. Here, using a syngeneic BrafV600ECdkn2a-/-Pten-/- melanoma model, we demonstrated that triple therapy promoted durable tumor control through tumor-intrinsic mechanisms and promoted immunogenic cell death and T-cell infiltration. Despite this, tumors treated with triple therapy were unresponsive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Flow cytometric and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses of tumor-infiltrating immune populations revealed that triple therapy markedly depleted proinflammatory macrophages and cross-priming CD103+ dendritic cells, the absence of which correlated with poor overall survival and clinical responses to ICB in patients with melanoma. Indeed, immune populations isolated from tumors of mice treated with triple therapy failed to stimulate T-cell responses ex vivo While combined BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 inhibition demonstrates favorable tumor-intrinsic activity, these data suggest that collateral effects on tumor-infiltrating myeloid populations may impact antitumor immunity. These findings have important implications for the design of combination strategies and clinical trials that incorporate BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 inhibition with immunotherapy for the treatment of patients with melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Lelliott
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefano Mangiola
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly M Ramsbottom
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Magnus Zethoven
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lydia Lim
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter K H Lau
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda J Oliver
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luciano G Martelotto
- Single Cell Innovation Laboratory, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Kirby
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claire Martin
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Riyaben P Patel
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison Slater
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony T Papenfuss
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole M Haynes
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane Oliaro
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen E Sheppard
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Tullett KM, Tan PS, Park HY, Schittenhelm RB, Michael N, Li R, Policheni AN, Gruber E, Huang C, Fulcher AJ, Danne JC, Czabotar PE, Wakim LM, Mintern JD, Ramm G, Radford KJ, Caminschi I, O'Keeffe M, Villadangos JA, Wright MD, Blewitt ME, Heath WR, Shortman K, Purcell AW, Nicola NA, Zhang JG, Lahoud MH. RNF41 regulates the damage recognition receptor Clec9A and antigen cross-presentation in mouse dendritic cells. eLife 2020; 9:63452. [PMID: 33264090 PMCID: PMC7710356 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dendritic cell receptor Clec9A facilitates processing of dead cell-derived antigens for cross-presentation and the induction of effective CD8+ T cell immune responses. Here, we show that this process is regulated by E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF41 and define a new ubiquitin-mediated mechanism for regulation of Clec9A, reflecting the unique properties of Clec9A as a receptor specialized for delivery of antigens for cross-presentation. We reveal RNF41 is a negative regulator of Clec9A and the cross-presentation of dead cell-derived antigens by mouse dendritic cells. Intriguingly, RNF41 regulates the downstream fate of Clec9A by directly binding and ubiquitinating the extracellular domains of Clec9A. At steady-state, RNF41 ubiquitination of Clec9A facilitates interactions with ER-associated proteins and degradation machinery to control Clec9A levels. However, Clec9A interactions are altered following dead cell uptake to favor antigen presentation. These findings provide important insights into antigen cross-presentation and have implications for development of approaches to modulate immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsteen M Tullett
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Peck Szee Tan
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Hae-Young Park
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Ralf B Schittenhelm
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Nicole Michael
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Rong Li
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Antonia N Policheni
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Emily Gruber
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Alex J Fulcher
- Monash Micro Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jillian C Danne
- Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Peter E Czabotar
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Linda M Wakim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Justine D Mintern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Georg Ramm
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Kristen J Radford
- Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Irina Caminschi
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Keeffe
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark D Wright
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marnie E Blewitt
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - William R Heath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ken Shortman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Anthony W Purcell
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Nicos A Nicola
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mireille H Lahoud
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Li Z, Fei T. Improving Cancer Immunotherapy with CRISPR-Based Technology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900253. [PMID: 33245213 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly evolving field of immunotherapy has attracted great attention in the field of cancer research and already revolutionized the clinical practice standard for treating cancer. Genetically engineered T cells expressing either T cell receptors or chimeric antigen receptors represent novel treatment modalities and are considered powerful weapons to fight cancer. The immune checkpoint blockade, which harnesses the negative control signaling behind the anti-tumor immune response with therapeutic antibodies by blocking cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 or the programmed cell death 1 pathways are another mainstream direction for cancer immunotherapy. In addition to cytotoxic T cells, other immune cell types such as nature killer cells and macrophages also possess the ability to eradicate cancer cells, which may serve as the basis to develop novel cancer immunotherapies. The advent of cutting-edge genome editing technology, especially clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based tools, has greatly expedited many biomedical research areas, including cancer immunology and immunotherapy. In this review, the contribution of current CRISPR techniques to basic and translational cancer immunology research is discussed, and the future for cancer immunotherapy in the age of CRISPR is predicted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zexu Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry (Northeastern University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Teng Fei
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry (Northeastern University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Nikfarjam S, Rezaie J, Kashanchi F, Jafari R. Dexosomes as a cell-free vaccine for cancer immunotherapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:258. [PMID: 33228747 PMCID: PMC7686678 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) secrete vast quantities of exosomes termed as dexosomes. Dexosomes are symmetric nanoscale heat-stable vesicles that consist of a lipid bilayer displaying a characteristic series of lipid and protein molecules. They include tetraspanins and all established proteins for presenting antigenic material such as the major histocompatibility complex class I/II (MHC I/II) and CD1a, b, c, d proteins and CD86 costimulatory molecule. Dexosomes contribute to antigen-specific cellular immune responses by incorporating the MHC proteins with antigen molecules and transferring the antigen-MHC complexes and other associated molecules to naïve DCs. A variety of ex vivo and in vivo studies demonstrated that antigen-loaded dexosomes were able to initiate potent antitumor immunity. Human dexosomes can be easily prepared using monocyte-derived DCs isolated by leukapheresis of peripheral blood and treated ex vivo by cytokines and other factors. The feasibility of implementing dexosomes as therapeutic antitumor vaccines has been verified in two phase I and one phase II clinical trials in malignant melanoma and non small cell lung carcinoma patients. These studies proved the safety of dexosome administration and showed that dexosome vaccines have the capacity to trigger both the adaptive (T lymphocytes) and the innate (natural killer cells) immune cell recalls. In the current review, we will focus on the perspective of utilizing dexosome vaccines in the context of cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Nikfarjam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1138, Shafa St, Ershad Blvd., 57147, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Discovery Hall Room 182, 10900 University Blvd., VA, 20110, Manassas, USA.
| | - Reza Jafari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1138, Shafa St, Ershad Blvd., 57147, Urmia, Iran. .,Department of Immunology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Minute L, Teijeira A, Sanchez-Paulete AR, Ochoa MC, Alvarez M, Otano I, Etxeberrria I, Bolaños E, Azpilikueta A, Garasa S, Casares N, Luis Perez Gracia J, Rodriguez-Ruiz ME, Berraondo P, Melero I. Cellular cytotoxicity is a form of immunogenic cell death. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:jitc-2019-000325. [PMID: 32217765 PMCID: PMC7206966 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune response to cancer is often conceptualized with the cancer immunity cycle. An essential step in this interpretation is that antigens released by dying tumors are presented by dendritic cells to naive or memory T cells in the tumor-draining lymph nodes. Whether tumor cell death resulting from cytotoxicity, as mediated by T cells or natural killer (NK) lymphocytes, is actually immunogenic currently remains unknown. Methods In this study, tumor cells were killed by antigen-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic CD8 T cells or activated NK cells. Immunogenic cell death was studied analyzing the membrane exposure of calreticulin and the release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) by the dying tumor cells. Furthermore, the potential immunogenicity of the tumor cell debris was evaluated in immunocompetent mice challenged with an unrelated tumor sharing only one tumor-associated antigen and by class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-multimer stainings. Mice deficient in Batf3, Ifnar1 and Sting1 were used to study mechanistic requirements. Results We observe in cocultures of tumor cells and effector cytotoxic cells, the presence of markers of immunogenic cell death such as calreticulin exposure and soluble HMGB1 protein. Ovalbumin (OVA)-transfected MC38 colon cancer cells, exogenously pulsed to present the gp100 epitope are killed in culture by mouse gp100-specific TCR transgenic CD8 T cells. Immunization of mice with the resulting destroyed cells induces epitope spreading as observed by detection of OVA-specific T cells by MHC multimer staining and rejection of OVA+ EG7 lymphoma cells. Similar results were observed in mice immunized with cell debris generated by NK-cell mediated cytotoxicity. Mice deficient in Batf3-dependent dendritic cells (conventional dendritic cells type 1, cDC1) fail to develop an anti-OVA response when immunized with tumor cells killed by cytotoxic lymphocytes. In line with this, cultured cDC1 dendritic cells uptake and can readily cross-present antigen from cytotoxicity-killed tumor cells to cognate CD8+ T lymphocytes. Conclusion These results support that an ongoing cytotoxic antitumor immune response can lead to immunogenic tumor cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luna Minute
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso R Sanchez-Paulete
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria C Ochoa
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maite Alvarez
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Itziar Otano
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Etxeberrria
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elixabet Bolaños
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Saray Garasa
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Noelia Casares
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Perez Gracia
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Departments of Oncology and Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria E Rodriguez-Ruiz
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Departments of Oncology and Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain .,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain .,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Departments of Oncology and Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Leach SM, Gibbings SL, Tewari AD, Atif SM, Vestal B, Danhorn T, Janssen WJ, Wager TD, Jakubzick CV. Human and Mouse Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Cross-Species Homology in Pulmonary and Lymph Node Mononuclear Phagocytes. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108337. [PMID: 33147458 PMCID: PMC7673261 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocyte (MP) system consists of macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs). MP subtypes play distinct functional roles in steady-state and inflammatory conditions. Although murine MPs are well characterized, their pulmonary and lymph node (LN) human homologs remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we have created a gene expression compendium across 24 distinct human and murine lung and LN MPs, along with human blood and murine spleen MPs, to serve as validation datasets. In-depth RNA sequencing identifies corresponding human-mouse MP subtypes and determines marker genes shared and divergent across species. Unexpectedly, only 13%-23% of the top 1,000 marker genes (i.e., genes not shared across species-specific MP subtypes) overlap in corresponding human-mouse MP counterparts. Lastly, CD88 in both species helps distinguish monocytes/macrophages from DCs. Our cross-species expression compendium serves as a resource for future translational studies to investigate beforehand whether pursuing specific MP subtypes or genes will prove fruitful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia M Leach
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Sophie L Gibbings
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Anita D Tewari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03756, USA
| | - Shaikh M Atif
- Department of Medicine, Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brian Vestal
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Thomas Danhorn
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - William J Janssen
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tor D Wager
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Claudia V Jakubzick
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03756, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Colorado, Denver Anschutz Campus, Denver, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Abstract
Dendritic cells are a specialized subset of hematopoietic cells essential for mounting immunity against tumors and infectious disease as well as inducing tolerance for maintenance of homeostasis. DCs are equipped with number of immunoregulatory or stimulatory molecules that interact with other leukocytes to modulate their functions. Recent advances in DC biology identified a specific role for the conventional dendritic cell type 1 (cDC1) in eliciting cytotoxic CD8+ T cells essential for clearance of tumors and infected cells. The critical role of this subset in eliciting immune responses or inducing tolerance has largely been defined in mice whereas the biology of human cDC1 is poorly characterized owing to their extremely low frequency in tissues. A detailed characterization of the functions of many immunoregulatory and stimulatory molecules expressed by human cDC1 is critical for understanding their biology to exploit this subset for designing novel therapeutic modalities against cancer, infectious disease and autoimmune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreekumar Balan
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Kristen J Radford
- Cancer Immunotherapies Laboratory, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States; Extramural member Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Kim S, Bagadia P, Anderson DA, Liu TT, Huang X, Theisen DJ, O'Connor KW, Ohara RA, Iwata A, Murphy TL, Murphy KM. High Amount of Transcription Factor IRF8 Engages AP1-IRF Composite Elements in Enhancers to Direct Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell Identity. Immunity 2020; 53:759-774.e9. [PMID: 32795402 PMCID: PMC8193644 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Development and function of conventional dendritic cell (cDC) subsets, cDC1 and cDC2, depend on transcription factors (TFs) IRF8 and IRF4, respectively. Since IRF8 and IRF4 can each interact with TF BATF3 at AP1-IRF composite elements (AICEs) and with TF PU.1 at Ets-IRF composite elements (EICEs), it is unclear how these factors exert divergent actions. Here, we determined the basis for distinct effects of IRF8 and IRF4 in cDC development. Genes expressed commonly by cDC1 and cDC2 used EICE-dependent enhancers that were redundantly activated by low amounts of either IRF4 or IRF8. By contrast, cDC1-specific genes relied on AICE-dependent enhancers, which required high IRF concentrations, but were activated by either IRF4 or IRF8. IRF8 was specifically required only by a minority of cDC1-specific genes, such as Xcr1, which could distinguish between IRF8 and IRF4 DNA-binding domains. Thus, these results explain how BATF3-dependent Irf8 autoactivation underlies emergence of the cDC1-specific transcriptional program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Kim
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Prachi Bagadia
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David A Anderson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tian-Tian Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Derek J Theisen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kevin W O'Connor
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ray A Ohara
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Arifumi Iwata
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Theresa L Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Verneau J, Sautés-Fridman C, Sun CM. Dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment: prognostic and theranostic impact. Semin Immunol 2020; 48:101410. [PMID: 33011065 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Among all immune cells, dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent APCs in the immune system and are central players of the adaptive immune response. There are phenotypically and functionally distinct DC populations derived from blood and lymphoid organ including plasmacytoid DC (pDC), conventional DC (cDC1 and cDC2) and monocyte-derived DC (moDC). The interaction between these different DCs and tumors is a dynamic process where DC-mediated cross-priming of tumor specific T cells is critical in initiating and sustaining anti-tumor immunity. Their presence within the tumor tends to induce T cell responses and to reduce cancer progression and is associated with improved patient survival. This review will focus on the distinct tumor-associated DCs (TADC) subsets in the tumor microenvironment (TME), their roles in tumor immunology and their prognostic and/or predictive impact in human cancers. The development of therapeutic immunity strategies targeting TADC is promising to enhance their immune-stimulatory capacity in cancers and improve the efficacy of current immunotherapies including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) blockade and DC-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Verneau
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautés-Fridman
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Cheng-Ming Sun
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Fu X, Tao L, Wu W, Zhang X. Arming HSV-Based Oncolytic Viruses with the Ability to Redirect the Host's Innate Antiviral Immunity to Attack Tumor Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 19:33-46. [PMID: 33024817 PMCID: PMC7530262 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the major hurdles for cancer immunotherapy is the host's innate antiviral defense mechanisms. They include innate immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, which can be recruited within hours to the site of injection to clear the introduced oncolytic viruses. Here, we report a strategy to redirect these infiltrating innate immune cells to attack tumor cells instead by arming herpes simplex virus (HSV)-derived oncolytic viruses with secreted chimeric molecules that can engage these innate immune cells with tumor cells to kill the latter. These chimeric molecules have, at their N terminus, a custom-binding moiety for a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and at their C terminus, protein L (PL) that binds to immunoglobulins (Igs). The binding of PL to Igs exposes the Fc to the Fc receptors on the surface of the innate immune cells, trigging them to attack the engaged tumor cells. In vitro and in vivo evaluation in a murine tumor model with limited permissiveness to oncolytic HSVs showed that arming the viruses with these chimeric molecules significantly boosts the killing effect and therapeutic activity. Moreover, our data also showed that the combined killing effect from the engaged innate immune cells and the oncolytic virus resulted in a more efficient stimulation of neoantigen-specific antitumor immunity than the virotherapy alone. Our data suggest that arming an oncolytic virus with this strategy represents a unique and pragmatic way of potentiating the oncolytic and immunotherapeutic effect of virotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Fu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lihua Tao
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wanfu Wu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoliu Zhang
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells cross-prime naive CD8 T cells by transferring antigen to conventional dendritic cells through exosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23730-23741. [PMID: 32879009 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002345117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) have been shown to play a critical role in generating viral immunity and promoting tolerance to suppress antitumor immunity, whether and how pDCs cross-prime CD8 T cells in vivo remain controversial. Using a pDC-targeted vaccine model to deliver antigens specifically to pDCs, we have demonstrated that pDC-targeted vaccination led to strong cross-priming and durable CD8 T cell immunity. Surprisingly, cross-presenting pDCs required conventional DCs (cDCs) to achieve cross-priming in vivo by transferring antigens to cDCs. Taking advantage of an in vitro system where only pDCs had access to antigens, we further demonstrated that cross-presenting pDCs were unable to efficiently prime CD8 T cells by themselves, but conferred antigen-naive cDCs the capability of cross-priming CD8 T cells by transferring antigens to cDCs. Although both cDC1s and cDC2s exhibited similar efficiency in acquiring antigens from pDCs, cDC1s but not cDC2s were required for cross-priming upon pDC-targeted vaccination, suggesting that cDC1s played a critical role in pDC-mediated cross-priming independent of their function in antigen presentation. Antigen transfer from pDCs to cDCs was mediated by previously unreported pDC-derived exosomes (pDCexos), that were also produced by pDCs under various conditions. Importantly, all these pDCexos primed naive antigen-specific CD8 T cells only in the presence of bystander cDCs, similarly to cross-presenting pDCs, thus identifying pDCexo-mediated antigen transfer to cDCs as a mechanism for pDCs to achieve cross-priming. In summary, our data suggest that pDCs employ a unique mechanism of pDCexo-mediated antigen transfer to cDCs for cross-priming.
Collapse
|
148
|
Cardenas MA, Prokhnevska N, Kissick HT. Organized immune cell interactions within tumors sustain a productive T-cell response. Int Immunol 2020; 33:27-37. [PMID: 32827212 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells are associated with improved patient survival and response to immunotherapy in various cancers. Persistent antigen leads to CD8 T-cell exhaustion, where proliferation/self-renewal and killing are divided within distinct subsets of CD8 T cells in the tumor. CD8 T-cell responses in chronic antigen settings must be maintained for long periods of time, suggesting that mechanisms that regulate chronic CD8 T-cell responses may differ from those in acute settings. Currently, factors that regulate the maintenance of stem-like CD8 T cells in the tumor or their differentiation into terminally differentiated cells are unknown. In this review, we discuss the role of dendritic cells in the activation and differentiation of CD8 T-cell subsets within secondary lymphoid tissue and tumors. In addition, we examine changes in CD4 T-cell differentiation in response to chronic antigens and consider how subset-specific mechanisms could assist the stem-like and terminally differentiated CD8 T-cell subsets. Finally, we highlight how tumor-infiltrating CD4 T cells and dendritic cells interact with CD8 T cells within organized lymphoid-like areas in the tumor and propose a CD8 T-cell differentiation model that requires the collaboration of CD4 T cells and dendritic cells. These organized interactions coordinate the anti-tumor response and control disease progression by mechanisms that regulate CD8 T-cell differentiation, which permit the maintenance of an effective balance of stem-like and terminally differentiated CD8 T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haydn T Kissick
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Emory Vaccine Centre, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Expanding cancer predisposition genes with ultra-rare cancer-exclusive human variations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13462. [PMID: 32778766 PMCID: PMC7418036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that up to 10% of cancer incidents are attributed to inherited genetic alterations. Despite extensive research, there are still gaps in our understanding of genetic predisposition to cancer. It was theorized that ultra-rare variants partially account for the missing heritable component. We harness the UK BioBank dataset of ~ 500,000 individuals, 14% of which were diagnosed with cancer, to detect ultra-rare, possibly high-penetrance cancer predisposition variants. We report on 115 cancer-exclusive ultra-rare variations and nominate 26 variants with additional independent evidence as cancer predisposition variants. We conclude that population cohorts are valuable source for expanding the collection of novel cancer predisposition genes.
Collapse
|
150
|
Ferris ST, Durai V, Wu R, Theisen DJ, Ward JP, Bern MD, Davidson JT, Bagadia P, Liu T, Briseño CG, Li L, Gillanders WE, Wu GF, Yokoyama WM, Murphy TL, Schreiber RD, Murphy KM. cDC1 prime and are licensed by CD4 + T cells to induce anti-tumour immunity. Nature 2020; 584:624-629. [PMID: 32788723 PMCID: PMC7469755 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2611-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1)1 are thought to perform antigen cross-presentation, which is required to prime CD8+ T cells2,3, whereas cDC2 are specialized for priming CD4+ T cells4,5. CD4+ T cells are also considered to help CD8+ T cell responses through a variety of mechanisms6-11, including a process whereby CD4+ T cells 'license' cDC1 for CD8+ T cell priming12. However, this model has not been directly tested in vivo or in the setting of help-dependent tumour rejection. Here we generated an Xcr1Cre mouse strain to evaluate the cellular interactions that mediate tumour rejection in a model requiring CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. As expected, tumour rejection required cDC1 and CD8+ T cell priming required the expression of major histocompatibility class I molecules by cDC1. Unexpectedly, early priming of CD4+ T cells against tumour-derived antigens also required cDC1, and this was not simply because they transport antigens to lymph nodes for processing by cDC2, as selective deletion of major histocompatibility class II molecules in cDC1 also prevented early CD4+ T cell priming. Furthermore, deletion of either major histocompatibility class II or CD40 in cDC1 impaired tumour rejection, consistent with a role for cognate CD4+ T cell interactions and CD40 signalling in cDC1 licensing. Finally, CD40 signalling in cDC1 was critical not only for CD8+ T cell priming, but also for initial CD4+ T cell activation. Thus, in the setting of tumour-derived antigens, cDC1 function as an autonomous platform capable of antigen processing and priming for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and of the direct orchestration of their cross-talk that is required for optimal anti-tumour immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Ferris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vivek Durai
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Renee Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Derek J Theisen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Ward
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael D Bern
- Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jesse T Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Prachi Bagadia
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlos G Briseño
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lijin Li
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - William E Gillanders
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gregory F Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wayne M Yokoyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Theresa L Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert D Schreiber
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|