101
|
Alonso-Herranz L, Sahún-Español Á, Paredes A, Gonzalo P, Gkontra P, Núñez V, Clemente C, Cedenilla M, Villalba-Orero M, Inserte J, García-Dorado D, Arroyo AG, Ricote M. Macrophages promote endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition via MT1-MMP/TGFβ1 after myocardial infarction. eLife 2020; 9:57920. [PMID: 33063665 PMCID: PMC7609061 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (Mφs) produce factors that participate in cardiac repair and remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI); however, how these factors crosstalk with other cell types mediating repair is not fully understood. Here we demonstrated that cardiac Mφs increased the expression of Mmp14 (MT1-MMP) 7 days post-MI. We selectively inactivated the Mmp14 gene in Mφs using a genetic strategy (Mmp14f/f:Lyz2-Cre). This conditional KO (MAC-Mmp14 KO) resulted in attenuated post-MI cardiac dysfunction, reduced fibrosis, and preserved cardiac capillary network. Mechanistically, we showed that MT1-MMP activates latent TGFβ1 in Mφs, leading to paracrine SMAD2-mediated signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Post-MI MAC-Mmp14 KO hearts contained fewer cells undergoing EndMT than their wild-type counterparts, and Mmp14-deficient Mφs showed a reduced ability to induce EndMT in co-cultures with ECs. Our results indicate the contribution of EndMT to cardiac fibrosis and adverse remodeling post-MI and identify Mφ MT1-MMP as a key regulator of this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alonso-Herranz
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sahún-Español
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Paredes
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gonzalo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Polyxeni Gkontra
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Núñez
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Clemente
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cedenilla
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Villalba-Orero
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Inserte
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - David García-Dorado
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia G Arroyo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ricote
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Jo W, Min BS, Yang HY, Park NH, Kang KK, Lee S, Chae S, Ma ES, Son WC. Sappanone A Prevents Left Ventricular Dysfunction in a Rat Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186935. [PMID: 32967328 PMCID: PMC7555706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of myocardial infarction, among the causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, is increasing globally. In this study, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, including LV systolic and diastolic function, was investigated in a rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model with echocardiography. The homoisoflavanone sappanone A is known for its anti-inflammatory effects. Using echocardiography, we found that sappanone A administration significantly improved LV systolic and diastolic function in a rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model, especially in the early phase development of myocardial infarction. Based on myocardial infarct size, serum cardiac marker assay, and histopathological evaluation, sappanone A showed higher efficacy at the doses used in our experiments than curcumin and was evaluated for its potential to improve LV function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woori Jo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Byung Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Hee-Young Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Na-Hye Park
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ku Kang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Sijoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Sehyun Chae
- Korea Brain Bank, Korean Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Eun Sook Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Woo-Chan Son
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Gupta R, Liu L, Zhang X, Fan X, Krishnamurthy P, Verma S, Tongers J, Misener S, Ashcherkin N, Sun H, Tian J, Kishore R. IL-10 provides cardioprotection in diabetic myocardial infarction via upregulation of Heme clearance pathways. JCI Insight 2020; 5:133050. [PMID: 32879134 PMCID: PMC7526458 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for myocardial infarction, and outcomes after myocardial infarction are worse among diabetics compared with nondiabetics. Diabetes is associated with impaired Heme clearance. Here, we determined whether heme toxicity and impaired heme clearance contribute to diabetic myocardial infarction injury and assessed IL-10 as a therapeutic agent for diabetic myocardial infarction. Plasma-free hemoglobin was significantly elevated in diabetic mice compared with nondiabetic mice after myocardial infarction. Infarct size had strong correlation to the level of plasma-free hemoglobin. Hemoglobin and reactive iron deposition within the infarct zone were also demonstrated in diabetic MI. IL-10 significantly reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function in diabetic mice. Moreover, IL-10 improved capillary density, reduced apoptosis, and decreased inflammation in the border zone of the infarcted hearts, findings that were partially inhibited by Tin protoporphyrin (a heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor). IL-10 upregulated CD163, the hemoglobin:haptoglobin scavenger receptor, and heme oxygenase-1 in THP-1-derived and primary human CD14+ macrophages. IL-10 significantly protected against ischemic injury when HL-1 cardiomyocytes were cotreated with hemoglobin. Together, our findings indicate that IL-10 is cardioprotective in diabetic myocardial infarction via upregulation of heme clearance pathways. These findings implicate heme clearance as a potentially novel therapeutic direction for diabetic myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Gupta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lijun Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and
| | - Suresh Verma
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jörn Tongers
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Mid-German Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sol Misener
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nikita Ashcherkin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Hongliu Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Jiang Tian
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Raj Kishore
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Kavanagh DPJ, Lokman AB, Neag G, Colley A, Kalia N. Imaging the injured beating heart intravitally and the vasculoprotection afforded by haematopoietic stem cells. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:1918-1932. [PMID: 31062860 PMCID: PMC6803816 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Adequate microcirculatory perfusion, and not just opening of occluded arteries, is critical to salvage heart tissue following myocardial infarction. However, the degree of microvascular perfusion taking place is not known, limited primarily by an inability to directly image coronary microcirculation in a beating heart in vivo. Haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) offer a potential therapy but little is known about their homing dynamics at a cellular level and whether they protect coronary microvessels. This study used intravital microscopy to image the anaesthetized mouse beating heart microcirculation following stabilization. Methods and results A 3D-printed stabilizer was attached to the ischaemia–reperfusion injured (IRI) beating heart. The kinetics of neutrophil, platelet and HSPC recruitment, as well as functional capillary density (FCD), was imaged post-reperfusion. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) was used for the first time to monitor ventricular blood flow in beating hearts. Sustained hyperaemic responses were measured throughout reperfusion, initially indicating adequate flow resumption. Intravital microscopy confirmed large vessel perfusion but demonstrated poor transmission of flow to downstream coronary microvessels. Significant neutrophil adhesion and microthrombus formation occurred within capillaries with the latter occluding them, resulting in patchy perfusion and reduced FCD. Interestingly, ‘patrolling’ neutrophils were also observed in capillaries. Haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells readily trafficked through the heart but local retention was poor. Despite this, remarkable anti-thromboinflammatory effects were observed, consequently improving microvascular perfusion. Conclusion We present a novel approach for imaging multiple microcirculatory perturbations in the beating heart with LSCI assessment of blood flow. Despite deceptive hyperaemic responses, increased microcirculatory flow heterogeneity was seen, with non-perfused areas interspersed with perfused areas. Microthrombi, rather than neutrophils, appeared to be the major causative factor. We further applied this technique to demonstrate local stem cell presence is not a pre-requisite to confer vasculoprotection. This is the first detailed in vivo characterization of coronary microcirculatory responses post-reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dean P J Kavanagh
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam B Lokman
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Georgiana Neag
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Abigail Colley
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Neena Kalia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Huang E, Peng N, Xiao F, Hu D, Wang X, Lu L. The Roles of Immune Cells in the Pathogenesis of Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5203. [PMID: 32708044 PMCID: PMC7432671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue injury and inflammatory response trigger the development of fibrosis in various diseases. It has been recognized that both innate and adaptive immune cells are important players with multifaceted functions in fibrogenesis. The activated immune cells produce various cytokines, modulate the differentiation and functions of myofibroblasts via diverse molecular mechanisms, and regulate fibrotic development. The immune cells exhibit differential functions during different stages of fibrotic diseases. In this review, we summarized recent advances in understanding the roles of immune cells in regulating fibrotic development and immune-based therapies in different disorders and discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms with a focus on mTOR and JAK-STAT signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enyu Huang
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.); (F.X.)
| | - Na Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second People’s Hospital of Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, China; (N.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Fan Xiao
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.); (F.X.)
| | - Dajun Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second People’s Hospital of Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, China; (N.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.); (F.X.)
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.); (F.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Singampalli KL, Balaji S, Wang X, Parikh UM, Kaul A, Gilley J, Birla RK, Bollyky PL, Keswani SG. The Role of an IL-10/Hyaluronan Axis in Dermal Wound Healing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:636. [PMID: 32850791 PMCID: PMC7396613 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scar formation is the typical endpoint of postnatal dermal wound healing, which affects more than 100 million individuals annually. Not only do scars cause a functional burden by reducing the biomechanical strength of skin at the site of injury, but they also significantly increase healthcare costs and impose psychosocial challenges. Though the mechanisms that dictate how dermal wounds heal are still not completely understood, they are regulated by extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, neovascularization, and inflammatory responses. The cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 has emerged as a key mediator of the pro- to anti-inflammatory transition that counters collagen deposition in scarring. In parallel, the high molecular weight (HMW) glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) is present in the ECM and acts in concert with IL-10 to block pro-inflammatory signals and attenuate fibrotic responses. Notably, high concentrations of both IL-10 and HMW HA are produced in early gestational fetal skin, which heals scarlessly. Since fibroblasts are responsible for collagen deposition, it is critical to determine how the concerted actions of IL-10 and HA drive their function to potentially control fibrogenesis. Beyond their independent actions, an auto-regulatory IL-10/HA axis may exist to modulate the magnitude of CD4+ effector T lymphocyte activation and enhance T regulatory cell function in order to reduce scarring. This review underscores the pathophysiological impact of the IL-10/HA axis as a multifaceted molecular mechanism to direct primary cell responders and regulators toward either regenerative dermal tissue repair or scarring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavya L Singampalli
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Swathi Balaji
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Umang M Parikh
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Aditya Kaul
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jamie Gilley
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Paul L Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sundeep G Keswani
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Nie S, Lu J, Wang L, Gao M. Pro‐inflammatory role of
cell‐free
mitochondrial
DNA
in cardiovascular diseases. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1879-1890. [PMID: 32656943 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Nie
- Department of PediatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Junying Lu
- Department of Intensive Care UnitThe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of PediatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Man Gao
- Department of PediatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Hoffmann J, Mas-Peiro S, Berkowitsch A, Boeckling F, Rasper T, Pieszko K, De Rosa R, Hiczkiewicz J, Burchardt P, Fichtlscherer S, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S, Nicotera MV. Inflammatory signatures are associated with increased mortality after transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:2597-2610. [PMID: 32639677 PMCID: PMC7524092 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Systemic inflammatory response, identified by increased total leucocyte counts, was shown to be a strong predictor of mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Yet the mechanisms of inflammation‐associated poor outcome after TAVI are unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating individual inflammatory signatures and functional heterogeneity of circulating myeloid and T‐lymphocyte subsets and their impact on 1 year survival in a single‐centre cohort of patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI. Methods and results One hundred twenty‐nine consecutive patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis admitted for transfemoral TAVI were included. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, immediately after, and 24 h and 3 days after TAVI, and these were analysed for inflammatory and cardiac biomarkers. Myeloid and T‐lymphocyte subsets were measured using flow cytometry. The inflammatory parameters were first analysed as continuous variables; and in case of association with outcome and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) ≥ 0.6, the values were dichotomized using optimal cut‐off points. Several baseline inflammatory parameters, including high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP; HR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.15–1.63; P < 0.0001) and IL‐6 (HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03; P = 0.003), lower counts of Th2 (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99; P = 0.009), and increased percentages of Th17 cells (HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02–1.38; P = 0.024) were associated with 12 month all‐cause mortality. Among postprocedural parameters, only increased post‐TAVI counts of non‐classical monocytes immediately after TAVI were predictive of outcome (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05; P = 0.003). The occurrence of SIRS criteria within 48 h post‐TAVI showed no significant association with 12 month mortality (HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.13–2.43, P = 0.45). In multivariate analysis of discrete or dichotomized clinical and inflammatory variables, the presence of diabetes mellitus (HR = 3.50; 95% CI: 1.42–8.62; P = 0.006), low left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (HR = 3.16; 95% CI: 1.35–7.39; P = 0.008), increased baseline hsCRP (HR = 5.22; 95% CI: 2.09–13.01; P < 0.0001), and low baseline Th2 cell counts (HR = 8.83; 95% CI: 3.02–25.80) were significant predictors of death. The prognostic value of the linear prediction score calculated of these parameters was superior to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (AUC: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78–0.99 vs. 0.75; 95% CI: 0.64–0.86, respectively; P = 0.036). Finally, when analysing LV remodelling outcomes, ROC curve analysis revealed that low numbers of Tregs (P = 0.017; AUC: 0.69) and increased Th17/Treg ratio (P = 0.012; AUC: 0.70) were predictive of adverse remodelling after TAVI. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate an association of specific pre‐existing inflammatory phenotypes with increased mortality and adverse LV remodelling after TAVI. Distinct monocyte and T‐cell signatures might provide additive biomarkers to improve pre‐procedural risk stratification in patients referred to TAVI for severe aortic stenosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jedrzej Hoffmann
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhine-Main, Germany
| | - Silvia Mas-Peiro
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhine-Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Berkowitsch
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Felicitas Boeckling
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhine-Main, Germany
| | - Tina Rasper
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Konrad Pieszko
- Department of Cardiology, Nowa Sól Multidisciplinary Hospital, Nowa Sól, Poland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Roberta De Rosa
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jarosław Hiczkiewicz
- Department of Cardiology, Nowa Sól Multidisciplinary Hospital, Nowa Sól, Poland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Paweł Burchardt
- Biology of Lipid Disorders Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Stephan Fichtlscherer
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhine-Main, Germany
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhine-Main, Germany.,Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhine-Main, Germany.,Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mariuca Vasa Nicotera
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhine-Main, Germany.,Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Aspirin enhances regulatory functional activities of monocytes and downregulates CD16 and CD40 expression in myocardial infarction autoinflammatory disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
110
|
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, and it is the primary cause of mortality in the elderly worldwide. The processes of inflammatory response activation, production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activation of the complement system, synthesis of autoantibodies, and overexpression of Class II major histocompatibility complex molecules contribute to the HF development and progression. High levels of circulating cytokines correlate with the severity of HF, measured with the use of New York Heart Association's classification, and prognosis of the disease. In HF, there is an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Concentrations of several interleukins are increased in HF, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, and IL-18, whereas the levels of IL-5, IL-7, or IL-33 are down-regulated. Concentrations of inflammatory mediators are associated with cardiac function and can be HF markers and predictors of adverse outcomes or mortality. This review presents the role of interleukins, which contribute to the HF initiation and progression, the importance of their pathways in transition from myocardial injury to HF, and the role of interleukins as markers of disease severity and outcome predictors.
Collapse
|
111
|
Okyere AD, Tilley DG. Leukocyte-Dependent Regulation of Cardiac Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:301. [PMID: 32322219 PMCID: PMC7156539 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis begins as an intrinsic response to injury or ageing that functions to preserve the tissue from further damage. Fibrosis results from activated cardiac myofibroblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in an effort to replace damaged tissue; however, excessive ECM deposition leads to pathological fibrotic remodeling. At this extent, fibrosis gravely disturbs myocardial compliance, and ultimately leads to adverse outcomes like heart failure with heightened mortality. As such, understanding the complexity behind fibrotic remodeling has been a focal point of cardiac research in recent years. Resident cardiac fibroblasts and activated myofibroblasts have been proven integral to the fibrotic response; however, several findings point to additional cell types that may contribute to the development of pathological fibrosis. For one, leukocytes expand in number after injury and exhibit high plasticity, thus their distinct role(s) in cardiac fibrosis is an ongoing and controversial field of study. This review summarizes current findings, focusing on both direct and indirect leukocyte-mediated mechanisms of fibrosis, which may provide novel targeted strategies against fibrotic remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ama Dedo Okyere
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Steen EH, Wang X, Balaji S, Butte MJ, Bollyky PL, Keswani SG. The Role of the Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-10 in Tissue Fibrosis. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2020; 9:184-198. [PMID: 32117582 PMCID: PMC7047112 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Fibrosis is the endpoint of chronic disease in multiple organs, including the skin, heart, lungs, intestine, liver, and kidneys. Pathologic accumulation of fibrotic tissue results in a loss of structural integrity and function, with resultant increases in morbidity and mortality. Understanding the pathways governing fibrosis and identifying therapeutic targets within those pathways is necessary to develop novel antifibrotic therapies for fibrotic disease. Recent Advances: Given the connection between inflammation and fibrogenesis, Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been a focus of potential antifibrotic therapies because of its well-known role as an anti-inflammatory mediator. Despite the apparent dissimilarity of diseases associated with fibrotic progression, pathways involving IL-10 appear to be a conserved molecular theme. More recently, many groups have worked to develop novel delivery tools for recombinant IL-10, such as hydrogels, and cell-based therapies, such as ex vivo activated macrophages, to directly or indirectly modulate IL-10 signaling. Critical Issues: Some efforts in this area, however, have been stymied by IL-10's pleiotropic and sometimes conflicting effects. A deeper, contextual understanding of IL-10 signaling and its interaction with effector cells, particularly immune cells, will be critical to future studies in the field. Future Directions: IL-10 is clearly a gatekeeper of fibrotic/antifibrotic signaling. The development of novel therapeutics and cell-based therapies that capitalize on targets within the IL-10 signaling pathway could have far-reaching implications for patients suffering from the consequences of organ fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily H. Steen
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Swathi Balaji
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Manish J. Butte
- Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul L. Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Sundeep G. Keswani
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Acute Myocardial Ischemia: A Potential Role of the Locus Coeruleus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4298657. [PMID: 32328129 PMCID: PMC7150682 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4298657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC) is closely linked with cardiovascular disease. However, whether it mediates the alleviating effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) remains unclear. A rat model of myocardial ischemia was established through occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Multichannel in vivo recording and other techniques were used to assess neurons in the LC, norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) levels in central and myocardial tissue, serum levels of inflammatory factors, and cardiac function. After induction of AMI, LC neuron activity increased and the central NE concentrations increased, while those of DA decreased. Moreover, the serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) increased, whereas those of interleukin-10 (IL-10) decreased. However, these effects were reversed by EA. Additionally, LC lesioning affected NE and DA levels in myocardial tissue and weakened the antimyocardial ischemic effect of EA. Collectively, our results indicated that LC is closely related to AMI and plays an important role in the antimyocardial ischemic effect of EA. This mechanism may be related to inhibition of LC neuron activity by EA, which inhibits the release of large amounts of hs-CRP and promotes that of IL-10 in the serum. Besides, after LC lesioning, EA may improve cardiac function by inhibiting the release of large amounts of NE and promoting the release of DA in myocardial tissue.
Collapse
|
114
|
Vadivel S, Vincent P, Sekaran S, Visaga Ambi S, Muralidar S, Selvaraj V, Palaniappan B, Thirumalai D. Inflammation in myocardial injury- Stem cells as potential immunomodulators for myocardial regeneration and restoration. Life Sci 2020; 250:117582. [PMID: 32222465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ineffective immunosuppressant's and targeted strategies to neutralize inflammatory mediators have worsened the scenario of heart failure and have opened many questions for debate. Stem cell therapy has proven to be a promising approach for treating heart following myocardial infarction (MI). Adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells are possible cell types and have successfully shown to regenerate damaged myocardial tissue in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Current implications of using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) owing to their immunomodulatory functions and paracrine effects could serve as an effective alternative treatment option for rejuvenating the heart post MI. The major setback associated with the use of MSCs is reduced cell retention, engraftment and decreased effectiveness. With a few reports on understanding the role of inflammation and its dual effects on the structure and function of heart, this review focuses on these missing insights and further exemplifies the role of MSCs as an alternative therapy in treating the pathological consequences in myocardial infarction (MI).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajini Vadivel
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Preethi Vincent
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Senthil Visaga Ambi
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shibi Muralidar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vimalraj Selvaraj
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balamurugan Palaniappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Diraviyam Thirumalai
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Cui K, Chen Y, Zhong H, Wang N, Zhou L, Jiang F. Transplantation of IL-10-Overexpressing Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorates Diabetic-Induced Impaired Fracture Healing in Mice. Cell Mol Bioeng 2020; 13:155-163. [PMID: 32175028 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-019-00608-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia which displays insufficiency or resistance to insulin. One of the complications of diabetes is the increased risk of fracture and the impairment of bone repair and regulation. There have been evidences from previous studies that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow promote cartilage and callous formation. In addition, IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, has been observed to relieve inflammation-related complications in diabetes. Methods In this study, the role of IL-10-overexpressing bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) was examined in the diabetic mice model with femur fracture. MSCs were isolated from the BALB/c mice and IL-10 over expression was conducted with lentivirus transduction. The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes model with femoral fracture was established. BM-MSCs with IL-10 over expression were transplanted into the fracture area. The expressions of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and INF-γ were examined by qPCR and immunoblot; the biomechanical strength of the fracture site of the mice was examined and evaluated. Results Data showed that IL-10 overexpressed BM-MSCs transplantation decreased inflammatory response, promoted bone formation, and increased the strength of the fracture site in STZ-induced diabetic mice with femoral fracture. Conclusion IL-10 overexpressed BM-MSCs transplantation accelerated fracture repair in STZ-induced diabetic mice, which in turn provides potential clinical application prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keze Cui
- Haikou Orthopedic and Diabetes Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Hainan, 570311 China
| | - Yuanliang Chen
- Haikou Orthopedic and Diabetes Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Hainan, 570311 China
| | - Haibo Zhong
- Haikou Orthopedic and Diabetes Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Hainan, 570311 China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Lihui Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangshan First People's Hospital, Ningbo, 315700 Zhejiang China
| | - Fusong Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 200233 China
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Understanding the mechanisms that determine extracellular matrix remodeling in the infarcted myocardium. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 47:1679-1687. [PMID: 31724697 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial Infarction (MI) initiates a series of wound healing events that begins with up-regulation of an inflammatory response and culminates in scar formation. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is intricately involved in all stages from initial break down of existing ECM to synthesis of new ECM to form the scar. This review will summarize our current knowledge on the processes involved in ECM remodeling after MI and identify the gaps that still need to be filled.
Collapse
|
117
|
Takahashi M, Kinugawa S, Takada S, Kakutani N, Furihata T, Sobirin MA, Fukushima A, Obata Y, Saito A, Ishimori N, Iwabuchi K, Tsutsui H. The disruption of invariant natural killer T cells exacerbates cardiac hypertrophy and failure caused by pressure overload in mice. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:489-501. [PMID: 31957919 DOI: 10.1113/ep087652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? We questioned whether the disruption of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells exacerbates left ventricular (LV) remodelling and heart failure after transverse aortic constriction in mice. What are the main findings and their importance? Pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction increased the infiltration of iNKT cells in mouse hearts. The disruption of iNKT cells exacerbated LV remodelling and hastened the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure, in association with the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling. Activation of iNKT cells modulated the immunological balance in this process and played a protective role against LV remodelling and failure. ABSTRACT Chronic inflammation is involved in the development of cardiac remodelling and heart failure (HF). Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, a subset of T lymphocytes, have been shown to produce various cytokines and orchestrate tissue inflammation. The pathophysiological role of iNKT cells in HF caused by pressure overload has not been studied. In the present study, we investigated whether the disruption of iNKT cells affected this process in mice. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and a sham operation were performed in male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and iNKT cell-deficient Jα18 knockout (KO) mice. The infiltration of iNKT cells was increased after TAC. The disruption of iNKT cells exacerbated left ventricular (LV) remodelling and hastened the transition to HF after TAC. Histological examinations also revealed that the disruption of iNKT cells induced greater myocyte hypertrophy and a greater increase in interstitial fibrosis after TAC. The expressions of interleukin-10 and tumour necrosis factor-α mRNA and their ratio in the LV after TAC were decreased in the KO compared with WT mice, which might indicate that the disruption of iNKT cells leads to an imbalance between T-helper type 1 and type 2 cytokines. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase was significantly increased in the KO mice. The disruption of iNKT cells exacerbated the development of cardiac remodelling and HF after TAC. The activation of iNKT cells might play a protective role against HF caused by pressure overload. Targeting the activation of iNKT cells might thus be a promising candidate as a new therapeutic strategy for HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashige Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shingo Takada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Kakutani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Furihata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Obata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akimichi Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishimori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Iwabuchi
- Department of Immunobiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Physical training prior to myocardial infarction potentializes stem cell therapy, SDF-1/CXCR4 axis activation and inhibits the vasoconstrictor response in hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2020; 126:154912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
119
|
Silva CB, Gómez JP, do Vale GT, Simplicio JA, Gonzaga NA, Tirapelli CR. Interleukin-10 limits the initial steps of the cardiorenal damage induced by ethanol consumption. Life Sci 2020; 242:117239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
120
|
Rocker AJ, Lee DJ, Shandas R, Park D. Injectable Polymeric Delivery System for Spatiotemporal and Sequential Release of Therapeutic Proteins To Promote Therapeutic Angiogenesis and Reduce Inflammation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:1217-1227. [PMID: 33464833 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes cardiac cell death, induces persistent inflammatory responses, and generates harmful pathological remodeling, which leads to heart failure. Biomedical approaches to restore blood supply to ischemic myocardium, via controlled delivery of angiogenic and immunoregulatory proteins, may present an efficient treatment option for coronary artery disease (CAD). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is necessary to initiate neovessel formation, while platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is needed later to recruit pericytes, which stabilizes new vessels. Anti-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-10 (IL-10) can help optimize cardiac repair and limit the damaging effects of inflammation following MI. To meet these angiogenic and anti-inflammatory needs, an injectable polymeric delivery system composed of encapsulating micelle nanoparticles embedded in a sulfonated reverse thermal gel was developed. The sulfonate groups on the thermal gel electrostatically bind to VEGF and IL-10, and their specific binding affinities control their release rates, while PDGF-loaded micelles are embedded in the gel to provide the sequential release of the growth factors. An in vitro release study was performed, which demonstrated the sequential release capabilities of the delivery system. The ability of the delivery system to induce new blood vessel formation was analyzed in vivo using a subcutaneous injection mouse model. Histological assessment was used to quantify blood vessel formation and an inflammatory response, which showed that the polymeric delivery system significantly increased functional and mature vessel formation while reducing inflammation. Overall, the results demonstrate the effective delivery of therapeutic proteins to promote angiogenesis and limit inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Rocker
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver
- Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - David J Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver
- Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Robin Shandas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver
- Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Daewon Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver
- Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Govindappa PK, Patil M, Garikipati VNS, Verma SK, Saheera S, Narasimhan G, Zhu W, Kishore R, Zhang J, Krishnamurthy P. Targeting exosome-associated human antigen R attenuates fibrosis and inflammation in diabetic heart. FASEB J 2019; 34:2238-2251. [PMID: 31907992 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901995r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins like human antigen R (HuR) are key regulators in post-transcriptional control of gene expression in several pathophysiological conditions. Diabetes adversely affects monocyte/macrophage biology and function. It is not known whether diabetic milieu affects cellular/exosome-HuR and its implications on cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Here, we evaluate in vitro and in vivo effects of diabetic milieu on macrophage cellular/exosome-HuR, alterations in intercellular cross talk with fibroblasts, and its impact on cardiac remodeling. Human failing hearts show higher HuR levels. Diabetic milieu activates HuR expression in cardiac- and cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMØ) and stimulates HuR nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation and exosome transfer. Exosomes from macrophages exposed to diabetic milieu (high glucose or db/db mice) significantly increase inflammatory and profibrogenic responses in fibroblast (in vitro) and cardiac fibrosis in mice. Intriguingly, Exo-HuR deficiency (HuR knockdown in macrophage) abrogates the above effects. In diabetic mice, macrophage depletion followed by reconstitution with BMMØ-derived HuR-deficient exosomes inhibits angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis response and preserves left ventricle function as compared to control-exosome administration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that diabetes activates BMMØ HuR expression and its transfer into exosome. The data suggest that HuR might be targeted to alleviate macrophage dysfunction and pathological fibrosis in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prem Kumar Govindappa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mallikarjun Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Suresh K Verma
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sherin Saheera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gayathri Narasimhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Wuqiang Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Raj Kishore
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Wei Y, Lan Y, Zhong Y, Yu K, Xu W, Zhu R, Sun H, Ding Y, Wang Y, Zeng Q. Interleukin-38 alleviates cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:371-384. [PMID: 31746138 PMCID: PMC6933378 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive immune‐mediated inflammatory reaction plays a deleterious role in ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). Interleukin (IL)‐38 is a newly characterized cytokine of the IL‐1 family and has been reported to exert a protective effect in some autoimmune diseases. However, its role in cardiac remodelling post‐MI remains unknown. In this study, we found that the expression of IL‐38 was increased in infarcted heart after MI induced in C57BL/6 mice by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery. In addition, our data showed that ventricular remodelling after MI was significantly ameliorated after recombinant IL‐38 injection in mice. This amelioration was demonstrated by better cardiac function, restricted inflammatory response, attenuated myocardial injury and decreased myocardial fibrosis. Our results in vitro revealed that IL‐38 affects the phenotype of dendritic cells (DCs) and IL‐38 plus troponin I (TNI)‐treated tolerogenic DCs dampened adaptive immune response when co‐cultured with CD4+T cells. In conclusion, IL‐38 plays a protective effect in ventricular remodelling post‐MI, one possibility by influencing DCs to attenuate inflammatory response. Therefore, targeting IL‐38 may hold a new therapeutic potential in treating MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Wei
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Lan
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucheng Zhong
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunwu Yu
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbin Xu
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruirui Zhu
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiutang Zeng
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huahzong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Preservation of Post-Infarction Cardiac Structure and Function via Long-Term Oral Formyl Peptide Receptor Agonist Treatment. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2019; 4:905-920. [PMID: 31909300 PMCID: PMC6939031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction leads to recruitment of monocyte/macrophages to the injured myocardium to drive infarct healing. Activation of formyl peptide receptors (FPR1 and FPR2) present on macrophages contributes to key cellular activities that can potentiate wound healing. Myocardial infarction was induced in rodents to study the effects of long-term treatment with Compound 43, a small molecule agonist of FPR1 and FPR2. Main findings: Compound 43 stimulated proresolution macrophage activities, improved left ventricle and infarct structure, and preserved cardiac function post-myocardial infarction. The results suggest that stimulation of proresolution activities of FPRs can favorably alter post-myocardial infarction pathophysiology that leads to heart failure.
Dysregulated inflammation following myocardial infarction (MI) promotes left ventricular (LV) remodeling and loss of function. Targeting inflammation resolution by activating formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) may limit adverse remodeling and progression towards heart failure. This study characterized the cellular and signaling properties of Compound 43 (Cmpd43), a dual FPR1/FPR2 agonist, and examined whether Cmpd43 treatment improves LV and infarct remodeling in rodent MI models. Cmpd43 stimulated FPR1/2-mediated signaling, enhanced proresolution cellular function, and modulated cytokines. Cmpd43 increased LV function and reduced chamber remodeling while increasing proresolution macrophage markers. The findings demonstrate that FPR agonism improves cardiac structure and function post-MI.
Collapse
Key Words
- Cmpd43, Compound 43
- Compound 43
- FPR, formyl peptide receptor
- HF, heart failure
- IL, interleukin
- IR, ischemia–reperfusion
- KO, knockout
- LAD, left anterior descending
- LV, left ventricular
- MI, myocardial infarction
- PV, pressure–volume
- SAA, serum amyloid A
- WT, wild-type
- agonist
- formyl peptide receptor
- heart failure
- myocardial infarction
Collapse
|
124
|
Liu Y, Che G, Di Z, Sun W, Tian J, Ren M. Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway via the regulation of IL-10 secretion in mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 463:175-187. [PMID: 31712941 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03639-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (CG) is the component of Astragali Radix, and the aim of the present study is to investigate whether CG protects myocardium from I/R-induced damage by the regulation of IL-10/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. H9C2 cells were subjected to I/R treatment and pretreated with 1 μm CG in vitro. In addition, a mouse model of myocardial I/R injury was induced by left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation and administrated with 30 mg/kg CG by intravenous injection before I/R surgery. In vitro and in vivo results showed that CG up-regulated IL-10 level, activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, and protected myocardial cells from I/R-induced apoptosis. The hemodynamic measurement, TTC staining, TUNEL staining, and western blot results in vivo showed that the protective effects of CG on myocardial function and cell apoptosis were all reversed by the IL-10R α neutralizing antibody. CG-induced phosphorylation activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was also suppressed by the blocking of IL-10. In summary, these findings suggest that CG might alleviate myocardial I/R injury by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway via up-regulation of IL-10 secretion, which provides us insights into the mechanism underlying the protective effect of CG on myocardial I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Che
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Di
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weinan Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Tian
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Ren
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 536 Changle Road, Shanghai, 200126, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Wu L, Dalal R, Cao CD, Postoak JL, Yang G, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Lal H, Van Kaer L. IL-10-producing B cells are enriched in murine pericardial adipose tissues and ameliorate the outcome of acute myocardial infarction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21673-21684. [PMID: 31591231 PMCID: PMC6815157 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911464116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) provokes an inflammatory response in the heart that removes damaged tissues to facilitate tissue repair/regeneration. However, overactive and prolonged inflammation compromises healing, which may be counteracted by antiinflammatory mechanisms. A key regulatory factor in an inflammatory response is the antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10, which can be produced by a number of immune cells, including subsets of B lymphocytes. Here, we investigated IL-10-producing B cells in pericardial adipose tissues (PATs) and their role in the healing process following acute MI in mice. We found that IL-10-producing B cells were enriched in PATs compared to other adipose depots throughout the body, with the majority of them bearing a surface phenotype consistent with CD5+ B-1a cells (CD5+ B cells). These cells were detected early in life, maintained a steady presence during adulthood, and resided in fat-associated lymphoid clusters. The cytokine IL-33 and the chemokine CXCL13 were preferentially expressed in PATs and contributed to the enrichment of IL-10-producing CD5+ B cells. Following acute MI, the pool of CD5+ B cells was expanded in PATs. These cells accumulated in the infarcted heart during the resolution of MI-induced inflammation. B cell-specific deletion of IL-10 worsened cardiac function, exacerbated myocardial injury, and delayed resolution of inflammation following acute MI. These results revealed enrichment of IL-10-producing B cells in PATs and a significant contribution of these cells to the antiinflammatory processes that terminate MI-induced inflammation. Together, these findings have identified IL-10-producing B cells as therapeutic targets to improve the outcome of MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232;
| | - Rajeev Dalal
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Connie D Cao
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - J Luke Postoak
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Guan Yang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Qinkun Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Zhizhang Wang
- Vanderbilt-NIH Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Luc Van Kaer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232;
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Hao K, Lei W, Wu H, Wu J, Yang Z, Yan S, Lu XA, Li J, Xia X, Han X, Deng W, Zhong G, Zhao ZA, Hu S. LncRNA- Safe contributes to cardiac fibrosis through Safe- Sfrp2-HuR complex in mouse myocardial infarction. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:7282-7297. [PMID: 31695768 PMCID: PMC6831303 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: As a hallmark of various heart diseases, cardiac fibrosis ultimately leads to end-stage heart failure. Anti-fibrosis is a potential therapeutic strategy for heart failure. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of heart diseases that promise to serve as therapeutic targets. However, few lncRNAs have been directly implicated in cardiac fibrosis. Methods: The lncRNA expression profiles were assessed by microarray in cardiac fibrotic and remote ventricular tissues in mice with myocardial infarction. The mechanisms and functional significance of lncRNA-AK137033 in cardiac fibrosis were further investigated with both in vitro and in vivo models. Results: We identified 389 differentially expressed lncRNAs in cardiac fibrotic and remote ventricular tissues in mice with myocardial infarction. Among them, a lncRNA (AK137033) we named Safe was enriched in the nuclei of fibroblasts, and elevated in both myocardial infarction and TGF-β-induced cardiac fibrosis. Knockdown of Safe prevented TGF-β-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, aberrant cell proliferation and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins in vitro, and mended the impaired cardiac function in mice suffering myocardial infarction. In vitro studies indicated that knockdown of Safe significantly inhibited the expression of its neighboring gene Sfrp2, and vice versa. The Sfrp2 overexpression obviously disturbed the regulatory effects of Safe shRNAs in both the in vitro cultured cardiac fibroblasts and myocardial infarction-induced fibrosis. Dual-Luciferase assay demonstrated that Safe and Sfrp2 mRNA stabilized each other via their complementary binding at the 3'-end. RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay indicated that RNA binding protein HuR could bind to Safe-Sfrp2 RNA duplex, whereas the knockdown of HuR dramatically reduced the stabilization of Safe and Sfrp2 mRNAs, down-regulated their expression in cardiac fibroblasts, and thus inhibited TGF-β-induced fibrosis. The Safe overexpression partially restrained the phenotype change of cardiac fibroblasts induced by Sfrp2 shRNAs, but not that induced by HuR shRNAs. Conclusions: Our study identifies Safe as a critical regulator of cardiac fibrosis, and demonstrates Safe-Sfrp2-HuR complex-mediated Sfrp2 mRNA stability is the underlying mechanism of Safe-regulated cardiac fibrosis. Fibroblast-enriched Safe could represent a novel target for anti-fibrotic therapy in heart diseases.
Collapse
|
127
|
Swirski FK, Nahrendorf M. Cardioimmunology: the immune system in cardiac homeostasis and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2019; 18:733-744. [PMID: 30228378 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-018-0065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have generated growing recognition that the immune system makes an important contribution to cardiac development, composition and function. Immune cells infiltrate the heart at gestation and remain in the myocardium, where they participate in essential housekeeping functions throughout life. After myocardial infarction or in response to infection, large numbers of immune cells are recruited to the heart to remove dying tissue, scavenge pathogens and promote healing. Under some circumstances, immune cells can cause irreversible damage, contributing to heart failure. This Review focuses on the role of the immune system in the heart under both homeostatic and perturbed conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Cardiac Fibroblast p38 MAPK: A Critical Regulator of Myocardial Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6030027. [PMID: 31394846 PMCID: PMC6787752 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiac fibroblast is a remarkably versatile cell type that coordinates inflammatory, fibrotic and hypertrophic responses in the heart through a complex array of intracellular and intercellular signaling mechanisms. One important signaling node that has been identified involves p38 MAPK; a family of kinases activated in response to stress and inflammatory stimuli that modulates multiple aspects of cardiac fibroblast function, including inflammatory responses, myofibroblast differentiation, extracellular matrix turnover and the paracrine induction of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This review explores the emerging importance of the p38 MAPK pathway in cardiac fibroblasts, describes the molecular mechanisms by which it regulates the expression of key genes, and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target for reducing adverse myocardial remodeling.
Collapse
|
129
|
Stiermaier T, Eitel I. Response by Stiermaier and Eitel to Letter Regarding Article, "Combined Intrahospital Remote Ischemic Perconditioning and Postconditioning Improves Clinical Outcome in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Long-Term Results of the LIPSIA CONDITIONING Trial". Circ Res 2019; 125:e18-e19. [PMID: 31518209 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stiermaier
- From the University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II (Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine), Germany; and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck
| | - Ingo Eitel
- From the University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II (Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine), Germany; and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Cimini M, Garikipati VNS, de Lucia C, Cheng Z, Wang C, Truongcao MM, Lucchese AM, Roy R, Benedict C, Goukassian DA, Koch WJ, Kishore R. Podoplanin neutralization improves cardiac remodeling and function after acute myocardial infarction. JCI Insight 2019; 5:126967. [PMID: 31287805 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin, a small mucine-type transmembrane glycoprotein, has been recently shown to be expressed by lymphangiogenic, fibrogenic and mesenchymal progenitor cells in the acutely and chronically infarcted myocardium. Podoplanin binds to CLEC-2, a C-type lectin-like receptor 2 highly expressed by CD11bhigh cells following inflammatory stimuli. Why podoplanin expression appears only after organ injury is currently unknown. Here, we characterize the role of podoplanin in different stages of myocardial repair after infarction and propose a podoplanin-mediated mechanism in the resolution of post-MI inflammatory response and cardiac repair. Neutralization of podoplanin led to significant improvements in the left ventricular functions and scar composition in animals treated with podoplanin neutralizing antibody. The inhibition of the interaction between podoplanin and CLEC-2 expressing immune cells in the heart enhances the cardiac performance, regeneration and angiogenesis post MI. Our data indicates that modulating the interaction between podoplanin positive cells with the immune cells after myocardial infarction positively affects immune cell recruitment and may represent a novel therapeutic target to augment post-MI cardiac repair, regeneration and function.
Collapse
|
131
|
Qiu L, Liu X. Identification of key genes involved in myocardial infarction. Eur J Med Res 2019; 24:22. [PMID: 31269974 PMCID: PMC6607516 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-019-0381-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study focuses on the identification of conserved genes involved in myocardial infarction (MI), and then analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the incident and recurrent events to identify MI-recurrent biomarkers. Methods Gene expression data of MI peripheral blood were downloaded from GSE97320 and GSE66360 datasets. We identified the common DEGs in these two datasets by functional enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. GSE48060 was further analyzed to validate the conserved genes in MI and to compare the DEGs between the incident and recurrent MI. Results A total of 477 conserved genes were identified in the comparison between MI and control. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network showed hub genes, such as MAPK14, STAT3, and MAPKAPK2. Part of those conserved genes was validated in the analysis of GSE48060. The DEGs in the incident and recurrent MI showed significant differences, including RNASE2 and A2M-AS1 as the potential biomarkers of MI recurrence. Conclusions The conserved genes in the pathogenesis of MI were identified, benefit for target therapy. Meanwhile, some specific genes may be used as markers for the prediction of recurrent MI. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40001-019-0381-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Qiu
- Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Yu Y, Qin N, Lu XA, Li J, Han X, Ni X, Ye L, Shen Z, Chen W, Zhao ZA, Lei W, Hu S. Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte therapy in mouse permanent ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion models. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:167. [PMID: 31196181 PMCID: PMC6567449 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic heart diseases are still a threat to human health. Human pluripotent stem cell-based transplantation exhibits great promise in cardiovascular disease therapy, including heart ischemia. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (ESC-CM) therapy in two heart ischemia models, namely, permanent ischemia (PI) and myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR). Methods Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were differentiated from engineered human embryonic stem cells (ESC-Rep) carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP), herpes simplex virus-1 thymidine kinase (HSVtk), and firefly luciferase (Fluc). Two different heart ischemia models were generated by the ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), and ESC-Rep-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-Rep-CMs) were transplanted into the mouse hearts. Cardiac function was analyzed to evaluate the outcomes of ESC-Rep-CM transplantation. Bioluminescence signal analysis was performed to assess the cell engraftment. Finally, the inflammation response was analyzed by real-time PCR and ELISA. Results Cardiac function was significantly improved in the PI group with ESC-Rep-CM injection compared to the PBS-injected control, as indicated by increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), as well as reduced fibrotic area. However, minimal improvement by ESC-Rep-CM injection was detected in the IR mouse model. We observed similar engraftment efficiency between PI and IR groups after ESC-Rep-CM injection. However, the restricted inflammation was observed after the injection of ESC-Rep-CMs in the PI group, but not in the IR group. Transplantation of ESC-Rep-CMs can partially preserve the heart function via regulating the inflammation response in the PI model, while little improvement of cardiac function in the IR model may be due to the less dynamic inflammation response by the mild heart damage. Conclusions Our findings identified the anti-inflammatory effect of ESC-CMs as a possible therapeutic mechanism to improve cardiac function in the ischemic heart. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1271-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Nianci Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xing-Ai Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xinglong Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xuan Ni
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Lingqun Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhen-Ao Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation & Department of Pathophysiology of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Shijun Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Meng X, Zheng M, Yu M, Bai W, Zuo L, Bu X, Liu Y, Xia L, Hu J, Liu L, Li J. Transplantation of CRISPRa system engineered IL10-overexpressing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction in diabetic mice. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:49. [PMID: 31164920 PMCID: PMC6543626 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cause of mortality in people. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has been shown to exert therapeutic potential to treat myocardial infarction (MI). However, in patients with diabetes, the diabetic environment affected MSCs activity and could impair the efficacy of treatment. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to attenuate MI by suppressing inflammation. In current study, the combination of MSC transplantation with IL-10 was evaluated in a diabetic mice model with MI. Methods We engineered bone marrow derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) to overexpress IL-10 by using CRISPR activation. We established the diabetic mice model with MI and monitored the IL-10 expression after BM-MSCs transplantation. We also evaluated the effects of BM-MSCs transplantation on inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, cardiac function and angiogenesis. Results CRISPR activation system enabled overexpression of IL-10 in BM-MSCs. Transplantation of BM-MSCs overexpressing IL-10 resulted in IL-10 expression in heart after transplantation. Transplantation of BM-MSCs overexpressing IL-10 inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines production, improved cardiac functional recovery, alleviated cardiac injury, decreased apoptosis of cardiac cells and increased angiogenesis. Conclusion In summary, we have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of IL-10 overexpressed BM-MSCs in the treatment of MI in diabetic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- 1Department of Ultrasonography, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Minjuan Zheng
- 1Department of Ultrasonography, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Ming Yu
- 1Department of Ultrasonography, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Wei Bai
- 1Department of Ultrasonography, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Lei Zuo
- 1Department of Ultrasonography, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Xin Bu
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Yi Liu
- 3Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Linying Xia
- 3Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Jing Hu
- 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Liwen Liu
- 1Department of Ultrasonography, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| | - Jianping Li
- 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaannxi China
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Lee SH, Ra JC, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Setyawan EMN, Choi YB, Yang JW, Kang SK, Han SH, Kim GA, Lee BC. Clinical Assessment of Intravenous Endothelial Progenitor Cell Transplantation in Dogs. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:943-954. [PMID: 31018670 PMCID: PMC6719494 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718821686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been applied for cell therapy because of their roles in angiogenesis and neovascularization in ischemic tissue. However, adverse responses caused by EPC therapy have not been fully investigated. In this study, a human peripheral blood sample was collected from a healthy donor and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated using Ficoll-Hypaque. There were four experimental groups: 10 ml saline infusion group (injection rate; 3 ml/min), 10 ml saline bolus group (injection rate; 60 ml/min), 10 ml EPCs infusion group (2 x 105 cells/ml, injection rate; 3 ml/min), 10 ml EPCs bolus group (2 × 105 cells/ml, injection rate; 60 ml/min). Clinical assessment included physical examination and laboratory examination for intravenous human EPC transplantation in dogs. The results revealed no remarkable findings in vital signs among the dogs used. In blood analysis, platelet counts in saline infusion groups were significantly higher than in the EPC groups within normal ranges, and no significant differences were observed except K+, Cl- and blood urea nitrogen/urea. In ELISA assay, no significant difference was observed in serum tumor necrosis factor alpha. The serum concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor was significantly higher in EPC groups than in saline groups, and interleukin 10 was significantly up-regulated in the EPC infusion group compared with other groups. In conclusion, we demonstrated that no clinical abnormalities were detected after intravenous transplantation of human EPCs in dogs. The transplanted xenogenic EPCs might be involved in anti-inflammatory and angiogenic functions in dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Ra
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Won Yang
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Kang
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyup Han
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Zhang S, Bories G, Lantz C, Emmons R, Becker A, Liu E, Abecassis MM, Yvan-Charvet L, Thorp EB. Immunometabolism of Phagocytes and Relationships to Cardiac Repair. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:42. [PMID: 31032261 PMCID: PMC6470271 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Myocardial ischemia is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the case of acute myocardial infarction, subsequent cardiac repair relies upon the acute, and coordinated response to injury by innate myeloid phagocytes. This includes neutrophils, monocytes, macrophage subsets, and immature dendritic cells. Phagocytes function to remove necrotic cardiomyocytes, apoptotic inflammatory cells, and to remodel extracellular matrix. These innate immune cells also secrete cytokines and growth factors that promote tissue replacement through fibrosis and angiogenesis. Within the injured myocardium, macrophages polarize from pro-inflammatory to inflammation-resolving phenotypes. At the core of this functional plasticity is cellular metabolism, which has gained an appreciation for its integration with phagocyte function and remodeling of the transcriptional and epigenetic landscape. Immunometabolic rewiring is particularly relevant after ischemia and clinical reperfusion given the rapidly changing oxygen and metabolic milieu. Hypoxia reduces mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and leads to increased reliance on glycolysis, which can support biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Reoxygenation is permissive for shifts back to mitochondrial metabolism and fatty acid oxidation and this is ultimately linked to pro-reparative macrophage polarization. Improved understanding of mechanisms that regulate metabolic adaptations holds the potential to identify new metabolite targets and strategies to reduce cardiac damage through nutrient signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gael Bories
- UMR INSERM U1065/UNS, C3M, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, Nice, France
| | - Connor Lantz
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Russel Emmons
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amanda Becker
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Esther Liu
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Michael M Abecassis
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Edward B Thorp
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Legere SA, Haidl ID, Légaré JF, Marshall JS. Mast Cells in Cardiac Fibrosis: New Insights Suggest Opportunities for Intervention. Front Immunol 2019; 10:580. [PMID: 31001246 PMCID: PMC6455071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MC) are innate immune cells present in virtually all body tissues with key roles in allergic disease and host defense. MCs recognize damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) through expression of multiple receptors including Toll-like receptors and the IL-33 receptor ST2. MCs can be activated to degranulate and release pre-formed mediators, to synthesize and secrete cytokines and chemokines without degranulation, and/or to produce lipid mediators. MC numbers are generally increased at sites of fibrosis. They are potent, resident, effector cells producing mediators that regulate the fibrotic process. The nature of the secretory products produced by MCs depend on micro-environmental signals and can be both pro- and anti-fibrotic. MCs have been repeatedly implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis and in angiogenic responses in hypoxic tissues, but these findings are controversial. Several rodent studies have indicated a protective role for MCs. MC-deficient mice have been reported to have poorer outcomes after coronary artery ligation and increased cardiac function upon MC reconstitution. In contrast, MCs have also been implicated as key drivers of fibrosis. MC stabilization during a hypertensive rat model and an atrial fibrillation mouse model rescued associated fibrosis. Discrepancies in the literature could be related to problems with mouse models of MC deficiency. To further complicate the issue, mice generally have a much lower density of MCs in their cardiac tissue than humans, and as such comparing MC deficient and MC containing mouse models is not necessarily reflective of the role of MCs in human disease. In this review, we will evaluate the literature regarding the role of MCs in cardiac fibrosis with an emphasis on what is known about MC biology, in this context. MCs have been well-studied in allergic disease and multiple pharmacological tools are available to regulate their function. We will identify potential opportunities to manipulate human MC function and the impact of their mediators with a view to preventing or reducing harmful fibrosis. Important therapeutic opportunities could arise from increased understanding of the impact of such potent, resident immune cells, with the ability to profoundly alter long term fibrotic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Legere
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ian D. Haidl
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean-François Légaré
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Jean S. Marshall
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Wang X, Lu L, Tan Y, Jiang L, Zhao M, Gao E, Yu S, Liu J. GPR 30 reduces myocardial infarct area and fibrosis in female ovariectomized mice by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Life Sci 2019; 226:22-32. [PMID: 30905784 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Estrogen plays an important role in cardioprotection. Animal experiments showed that the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30) specific agonist G1 could reduce post-ischemic dysfunction and inhibit cardiac fibroblast proliferation. However, the underlying mechanism of action is not clear. The current study tests the hypothesis that GPR30 reduces myocardial infarct area and fibrosis in female ovariectomized (OVX) mice by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. MAIN METHODS In this study, we established a myocardial infarction (MI) animal model derived from OVX C57BL/6 female mice, and investigated the effect of G1 on cardiac function by echocardiography and Hemodynamics, morphology and expression of fibrosis-related and apoptosis-related proteins by Masson's trichrome and H&E, Immunofluorescence, Western blotting and TUNEL. KEY FINDINGS Combination with OVX significantly increased myocardial fibrosis and MI area compared to MI treatment alone, as determined by echocardiography and hemodynamics. Further addition of G1 changed the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10, and reduced the degree of myocardial fibrosis and myocardial infarct area. Primary cultured cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were subjected to hypoxia/serum deprivation (H/SD) simulating the in vivo ischemia model. When the PI3K/AKT pathway was inhibited by wortmanin in H/SD CFs, G1 failed to induce significant changes in the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. SIGNIFICANCE It suggested that GPR30 may improve cardiac function in female OVX mice by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and reducing myocardial infarct size and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Wang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Linhe Lu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Yanzhen Tan
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Liqing Jiang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Minggao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Yuan D, Tie J, Xu Z, Liu G, Ge X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Gong S, Liu G, Meng Q, Lin F, Liu Z, Fan H, Zhou X. Dynamic Profile of CD4 + T-Cell-Associated Cytokines/Chemokines following Murine Myocardial Infarction/Reperfusion. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:9483647. [PMID: 31011288 PMCID: PMC6442492 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9483647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T-cells play crucial roles in the injured heart. However, the way in which different CD4+ T subtypes function in the myocardial infarction/reperfusion (MI/R) heart is still poorly understood. We aimed to detect the dynamic profile of distinct CD4+ subpopulation-associated cytokines/chemokines by relying on a closed-chest acute murine MI/R model. The protein levels of 26 CD4+ T-cell-associated cytokines/chemokines were detected in the heart tissues and serum of mice at day 7 and day 14 post-MI/R or sham surgery. The mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, IL-27, MIP-1β, MCP-3, and GRO-α were measured in blood mononuclear cells. The protein levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, IL-27, MIP-1β, MCP-3, and GRO-α increased in both injured heart tissues and serum, while IFN-γ, IL-12P70, IL-2, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-5, IL-9, IL-17A, IL-23, IL-10, eotaxin, MIP-1α, RANTES, MCP-1, and MIP-2 increased only in MI/R heart tissues in the day 7 and day 14 groups compared to the sham group. In serum, the IFN-γ, IL-23, and IL-10 levels were downregulated in the MI/R model at both day 7 and day 14 compared to the sham. Compared with the protein expressions in injured heart tissues at day 7, IFN-γ, IL-12P70, IL-2, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-17A, IL-23, IL-27, IL-10, eotaxin, IP-10, RANTES, MCP-1, MCP-3, and GRO-α were reduced, while IL-1β and MIP-2 were elevated at day 14. IL-13 and MIP-1β showed higher levels in the MI/R serum at day 14 than at day 7. mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-27 were increased in the day 7 group compared to the sham, while MIP-1β, MCP-3, and GRO-α mRNA levels showed no significant difference between the MI/R and sham groups in blood mononuclear cells. Multiple CD4+ T-cell-associated cytokines/chemokines were upregulated in the MI/R hearts at the chronic stage. These results provided important evidence necessary for developing future immunomodulatory therapies after MI/R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Yuan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jinjun Tie
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhican Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guanya Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinyu Ge
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhulin Wang
- Department of Child Internal Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shiyu Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qingshu Meng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Fang Lin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Department of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Department of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai 200120, China
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Cardiovascular inflammation: RNA takes the lead. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 129:247-256. [PMID: 30880251 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation has recently gained tremendous attention as a key contributor in several chronic diseases. While physiological inflammation is essential to counter a wide variety of damaging stimuli and to improve wound healing, dysregulated inflammation such as in the myocardium and vasculature can promote cardiovascular diseases. Given the high severity, prevalence, and economic burden of these diseases, understanding the factors involved in the regulation of physiological inflammation is essential. Like other complex biological phenomena, RNA-based processes are emerging as major regulators of inflammatory responses. Among such processes are cis-regulatory elements in the mRNA of inflammatory genes, noncoding RNAs directing the production or localization of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, or pathogenic RNA driving inflammatory responses. In this review, we describe several specific RNA-based molecular mechanisms by which physiological inflammation pertaining to cardiovascular diseases is regulated. These include the role of AU-rich element-containing mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, and viral RNAs.
Collapse
|
140
|
Green LC, Anthony SR, Slone S, Lanzillotta L, Nieman ML, Wu X, Robbins N, Jones SM, Roy S, Owens AP, Aube J, Xu L, Lorenz JN, Blaxall BC, Rubinstein J, Benoit JB, Tranter M. Human antigen R as a therapeutic target in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. JCI Insight 2019; 4:121541. [PMID: 30668549 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA binding proteins represent an emerging class of proteins with a role in cardiac dysfunction. We show that activation of the RNA binding protein human antigen R (HuR) is increased in the failing human heart. To determine the functional role of HuR in pathological cardiac hypertrophy, we created an inducible cardiomyocyte-specific HuR-deletion mouse and showed that HuR deletion reduces left ventricular hypertrophy, dilation, and fibrosis while preserving cardiac function in a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model of pressure overload-induced hypertrophy. Assessment of HuR-dependent changes in global gene expression suggests that the mechanistic basis for this protection occurs through a reduction in fibrotic signaling, specifically through a reduction in TGF-β (Tgfb) expression. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of HuR at a clinically relevant time point following the initial development of pathological hypertrophy after TAC also yielded a significant reduction in pathological progression, as marked by a reduction in hypertrophy, dilation, and fibrosis and preserved function. In summary, this study demonstrates a functional role for HuR in the progression of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and establishes HuR inhibition as a viable therapeutic approach for pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Green
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and.,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sarah R Anthony
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and
| | - Samuel Slone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and.,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lindsey Lanzillotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and
| | - Michelle L Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Nathan Robbins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and
| | - Shannon M Jones
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and
| | - Sudeshna Roy
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - A Phillip Owens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and
| | - Jeffrey Aube
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - John N Lorenz
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Burns C Blaxall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and
| | - Joshua B Benoit
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Tranter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease and
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Zhang S, Weinberg S, DeBerge M, Gainullina A, Schipma M, Kinchen JM, Ben-Sahra I, Gius DR, Yvan-Charvet L, Chandel NS, Schumacker PT, Thorp EB. Efferocytosis Fuels Requirements of Fatty Acid Oxidation and the Electron Transport Chain to Polarize Macrophages for Tissue Repair. Cell Metab 2019; 29:443-456.e5. [PMID: 30595481 PMCID: PMC6471613 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
During wound injury, efferocytosis fills the macrophage with a metabolite load nearly equal to the phagocyte itself. A timely question pertains to how metabolic phagocytic signaling regulates the signature anti-inflammatory macrophage response. Here we report the metabolome of activated macrophages during efferocytosis to reveal an interleukin-10 (IL-10) cytokine escalation that was independent of glycolysis yet bolstered by apoptotic cell fatty acids and mitochondrial β-oxidation, the electron transport chain, and heightened coenzyme NAD+. Loss of IL-10 due to mitochondrial complex III defects was remarkably rescued by adding NAD+ precursors. This activated a SIRTUIN1 signaling cascade, largely independent of ATP, that culminated in activation of IL-10 transcription factor PBX1. Il-10 activation by the respiratory chain was also important in vivo, as efferocyte mitochondrial dysfunction led to cardiac rupture after myocardial injury. These findings highlight a new paradigm whereby macrophages leverage efferocytic metabolites and electron transport for anti-inflammatory reprogramming that culminates in organ repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular & Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samuel Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew DeBerge
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular & Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anastasiia Gainullina
- ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew Schipma
- Feinberg Cardiovascular & Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David R Gius
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Mediterraneen de Medecine Moleculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Nice, France
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paul T Schumacker
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Edward B Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular & Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
DeBerge M, Shah SJ, Wilsbacher L, Thorp EB. Macrophages in Heart Failure with Reduced versus Preserved Ejection Fraction. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:328-340. [PMID: 30737012 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing number of individuals living with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Long-term prognosis remains poor in both cases, especially in HFpEF, which is rising in incidence and lacks effective therapeutics. In both HFrEF and HFpEF, there is evidence that elevated inflammatory biomarkers, implicating innate immune cells such as macrophages, are associated with worsened clinical outcomes. Macrophage subsets are active in both inflammatory and reparative processes, yet our understanding of the causative roles for these cells in HF development and progression is incomplete. Here, we discuss recent findings interrogating the role of macrophages in inflammation and its resolution in the context of HF, with a specific focus on HFrEF versus HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew DeBerge
- Department of Pathology, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa Wilsbacher
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Edward B Thorp
- Department of Pathology, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Bressan AF, Fonseca GA, Tostes RC, Webb RC, Lima VV, Giachini FR. Interleukin-10 negatively modulates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 in aorta from hypertensive mouse induced by angiotensin II infusion. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 33:31-40. [PMID: 30144156 PMCID: PMC6816245 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2) pathway promotes increased vascular contractility in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertensive mice. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an immune-regulatory cytokine with the ability to prevent vascular hypercontractility during hypertension. We hypothesized that IL-10 would downregulate vascular ERK 1/2 activation during Ang II-induced hypertension. Wild-type (WT) or IL-10 knockout (IL-10-/- ) mice received Ang II infusion (90 ηg.min) or vehicle (saline), via osmotic mini-pumps (0.25 μL/h for 14 days), whereas another WT group were infused with exogenous IL-10 (0.5 ηg/min, 14 days) simultaneously, or not, with Ang II. Aortic rings were mounted in a myograph, and concentration-response curves to phenylephrine were evaluated, in the presence or absence of ERK 1/2 inhibitor (PD98059, 10 μm, 40 min). Protein expression of vascular ERK 1/2 was determined by Western blot. Ang II infusion increased the maximal contractile response in both WT and IL-10-/- mice. Concomitant infusion of IL-10 and Ang II prevented hypercontractility in the vasculature. Exogenous IL-10 infusion prevented ERK 1/2 activation and hypercontractility, induced by Ang II. These findings suggest that IL-10 negatively modulates ERK 1/2 activation and prevents hypercontractility during Ang II-induced hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alecsander F. Bressan
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Gisele A. Fonseca
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Rita C. Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - R. Clinton Webb
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Victor Vitorino Lima
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Regina Giachini
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Xu JY, Xiong YY, Lu XT, Yang YJ. Regulation of Type 2 Immunity in Myocardial Infarction. Front Immunol 2019; 10:62. [PMID: 30761134 PMCID: PMC6362944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 immunity participates in the pathogeneses of helminth infection and allergic diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that the components of type 2 immunity are also involved in maintaining metabolic hemostasis and facilitating the healing process after tissue injury. Numerous preclinical studies have suggested regulation of type 2 immunity-related cytokines, such as interleukin-4, -13, and -33, and cell types, such as M2 macrophages, mast cells, and eosinophils, affects cardiac functions after myocardial infarction (MI), providing new insights into the importance of immune modulation in the infarcted heart. This review provides an overview of the functions of these cytokines and cells in the setting of MI as well as their potential to predict the severity and prognosis of MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Lu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Nakayama T, Nagata E, Masuda H, Asahara T, Takizawa S. Regeneration-associated cell transplantation contributes to tissue recovery in mice with acute ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210198. [PMID: 30682162 PMCID: PMC6347160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Various cell-based therapeutic strategies have been investigated for vascular and tissue regeneration after ischemic stroke. We have developed a novel cell population, called regeneration-associated cells (RACs), by quality- and quantity-controlled culture of unfractionated mononuclear cells. RACs were trans-arterially injected into 10-week-old syngeneic male mice at 1, 3, 5 or 7 days after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to determine the optimal timing for administration in terms of outcome at day 21. Next, we examined the effects of RACs injection at day 1 after MCAO on neurological deficits, infarct volume, and mediators of vascular regeneration and anti-inflammation at days 7 and 21. Infarct volume at day 21 was significantly reduced by transplantation of RACs at day 1 or 3. RACs injected at day 1 reduced the infarct volume at day 7 and 21. Angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory mediators, VEGF and IL-10, were increased at day 7, and VEGF was still upregulated at day 21. We also observed significantly enhanced ink perfusion in vivo, tube formation in vitro, and definitive endothelial progenitor cell colonies in colony assay. These results suggest that RAC transplantation in MCAO models promoted significant recovery of neural tissues through intensified anti-inflammatory and angiogenic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taira Nakayama
- Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Nagata
- Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Haruchika Masuda
- Department of Physiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asahara
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Shunya Takizawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Farkas D, Thompson AAR, Bhagwani AR, Hultman S, Ji H, Kotha N, Farr G, Arnold ND, Braithwaite A, Casbolt H, Cole JE, Sabroe I, Monaco C, Cool CD, Goncharova EA, Lawrie A, Farkas L. Toll-like Receptor 3 Is a Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:199-210. [PMID: 30211629 PMCID: PMC6353001 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201707-1370oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vascular cell proliferation and endothelial cell apoptosis. TLR3 (Toll-like receptor 3) is a receptor for double-stranded RNA and has been recently implicated in vascular protection. OBJECTIVES To study the expression and role of TLR3 in PAH and to determine whether a TLR3 agonist reduces pulmonary hypertension in preclinical models. METHODS Lung tissue and endothelial cells from patients with PAH were investigated by polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and apoptosis assays. TLR3-/- and TLR3+/+ mice were exposed to chronic hypoxia and SU5416. Chronic hypoxia or chronic hypoxia/SU5416 rats were treated with the TLR3 agonist polyinosinic/polycytidylic acid (Poly[I:C]). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS TLR3 expression was reduced in PAH patient lung tissue and endothelial cells, and TLR3-/- mice exhibited more severe pulmonary hypertension following exposure to chronic hypoxia/SU5416. TLR3 knockdown promoted double-stranded RNA signaling via other intracellular RNA receptors in endothelial cells. This was associated with greater susceptibility to apoptosis, a known driver of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Poly(I:C) increased TLR3 expression via IL-10 in rat endothelial cells. In vivo, high-dose Poly(I:C) reduced pulmonary hypertension in both rat models in proof-of-principle experiments. In addition, Poly(I:C) also reduced right ventricular failure in established pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Our work identifies a novel role for TLR3 in PAH based on the findings that reduced expression of TLR3 contributes to endothelial apoptosis and pulmonary vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - A. A. Roger Thompson
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Aneel R. Bhagwani
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Schuyler Hultman
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Hyun Ji
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Naveen Kotha
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Grant Farr
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Nadine D. Arnold
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Braithwaite
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Casbolt
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer E. Cole
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Sabroe
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Monaco
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carlyne D. Cool
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado; and
| | - Elena A. Goncharova
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Allan Lawrie
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Abstract
Research during the last decade has generated numerous insights on the presence, phenotype, and function of myeloid cells in cardiovascular organs. Newer tools with improved detection sensitivities revealed sizable populations of tissue-resident macrophages in all major healthy tissues. The heart and blood vessels contain robust numbers of these cells; for instance, 8% of noncardiomyocytes in the heart are macrophages. This number and the cell's phenotype change dramatically in disease conditions. While steady-state macrophages are mostly monocyte independent, macrophages residing in the inflamed vascular wall and the diseased heart derive from hematopoietic organs. In this review, we will highlight signals that regulate macrophage supply and function, imaging applications that can detect changes in cell numbers and phenotype, and opportunities to modulate cardiovascular inflammation by targeting macrophage biology. We strive to provide a systems-wide picture, i.e., to focus not only on cardiovascular organs but also on tissues involved in regulating cell supply and phenotype, as well as comorbidities that promote cardiovascular disease. We will summarize current developments at the intersection of immunology, detection technology, and cardiovascular health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Frodermann
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ; and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Chen MH, Chung JJ, Mealy JE, Zaman S, Li EC, Arisi MF, Atluri P, Burdick JA. Injectable Supramolecular Hydrogel/Microgel Composites for Therapeutic Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800248. [PMID: 30259658 PMCID: PMC6396315 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Shear-thinning hydrogels are useful for biomedical applications, from 3D bioprinting to injectable biomaterials. Although they have the appropriate properties for injection, it may be advantageous to decouple injectability from the controlled release of encapsulated therapeutics. Toward this, composites of hydrogels and encapsulated microgels are introduced with microgels that are fabricated via microfluidics. The microgel cross-linker controls degradation and entrapped molecule release, and the concentration of microgels alters composite hydrogel rheological properties. For the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI), interleukin-10 (IL-10) is encapsulated in microgels and released from composites. In a rat model of MI, composites with IL-10 reduce macrophage density after 1 week and improve scar thickness, ejection fraction, cardiac output, and the size of vascular structures after 4 weeks when compared to saline injection. Improvements are also observed with the composite without IL-10 over saline, emphasizing the role of injectable hydrogels alone on tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minna H. Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S 33 St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Chung
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Silverstein 6, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Joshua E. Mealy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S 33 St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Samir Zaman
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Silverstein 6, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Silverstein 6, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Maria F. Arisi
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Silverstein 6, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Pavan Atluri
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Silverstein 6, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S 33 St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Wei H, Bu R, Yang Q, Jia J, Li T, Wang Q, Chen Y. Exendin-4 Protects against Hyperglycemia-Induced Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis via the AMPK-TXNIP Pathway. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:8905917. [PMID: 31886288 PMCID: PMC6925927 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8905917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a common cardiac condition in patients with diabetes mellitus, which results in cardiac hypertrophy and subsequent heart failure. Chronic inflammation in the diabetic heart results in loss of cardiomyocytes and subsequentially cardiac dysfunction. Accumulated evidence implicated pyroptosis as a vital contributor to the hyperglycemia-induced cardiac inflammatory response. Exendin-4, a GLP analog, promotes survival of cardiomyocytes in cardiovascular diseases, including diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the role of Exendin-4 in cardiac pyroptosis remains to be elucidated. Our study revealed that Exendin-4 treatment protected against heart remolding and dysfunction and attenuated cardiac inflammation in high-fat diet-fed rats. The activity of caspase-1 and production of pyroptotic cytokines were significantly inhibited by Exendin-4 treatment in the diabetic heart and in high glucose-treated cardiomyocytes as well. In an effort to understand the signaling mechanisms underlying the antipyroptotic property of Exendin-4, we found that blockade of AMPK, an oxidative stress sensor, activity diminished the antipyroptotic property of Exendin-4. Phosphorylation of AMPK resulted in degeneration of TXNIP that promoted the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Exendin-4 treatment decreased the protein level of TXNIP. Moreover, RNA silencing of TXNIP mimicked the antipyroptotic actions of Exendin-4. These findings promoted us to propose a new signaling pathway mediating cardioprotective effect of Exendin-4 under hyperglycemic conditions: Exendin-4 → ROS↓ → pAMPK↑ → TXNIP↓ → caspase-1↓ → IL-1β and IL-18↓ → pyroptosis↓. In general, our study identified Exendin-4 as a pyroptotic inhibitor protecting against hyperglycemia-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis via the AMPK-TXNIP pathway.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Animals
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Caspase 1/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/enzymology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/etiology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control
- Exenatide/pharmacology
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Incretins/pharmacology
- Interleukin-18/metabolism
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Proteolysis
- Pyroptosis/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Thioredoxins/genetics
- Thioredoxins/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Bu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qinghui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|