101
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Repression of the transcriptional activity of ERRα with sequence-specific DNA-binding polyamides. Med Chem Res 2020; 29:607-616. [PMID: 34552311 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The orphan nuclear receptors estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) bind to the estrogen-related receptor response element (ERRE) to regulate transcriptional programs in cellular metabolism and cancer cell growth. In this study, we evaluated the potential for a pyrrole-imidazole polyamide to block ERRα binding to ERREs to inhibit gene expression. We demonstrated that the ERRE-targeted polyamide 1 blocked the binding of ERRα to the consensus ERRE and reduced the transcriptional activity of ERRα in cell culture. We further showed that inhibiting ERRα transcriptional activity with polyamide 1 led to reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption, a primary biological effect regulated by ERRα. Finally, our data demonstrated that polyamide 1 is an inhibitor for cancer cell growth.
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102
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Vernier M, Dufour CR, McGuirk S, Scholtes C, Li X, Bourmeau G, Kuasne H, Park M, St-Pierre J, Audet-Walsh E, Giguère V. Estrogen-related receptors are targetable ROS sensors. Genes Dev 2020; 34:544-559. [PMID: 32079653 PMCID: PMC7111261 DOI: 10.1101/gad.330746.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidative stress and consequently cell injury contributing to a wide range of diseases. Addressing the critical gaps in our understanding of the adaptive molecular events downstream ROS provocation holds promise for the identification of druggable metabolic vulnerabilities. Here, we unveil a direct molecular link between the activity of two estrogen-related receptor (ERR) isoforms and the control of glutamine utilization and glutathione antioxidant production. ERRα down-regulation restricts glutamine entry into the TCA cycle, while ERRγ up-regulation promotes glutamine-driven glutathione production. Notably, we identify increased ERRγ expression/activation as a hallmark of oxidative stress triggered by mitochondrial disruption or chemotherapy. Enhanced tumor antioxidant capacity is an underlying feature of human breast cancer (BCa) patients that respond poorly to treatment. We demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of ERRγ with the selective inverse agonist GSK5182 increases antitumor efficacy of the chemotherapeutic paclitaxel on poor outcome BCa tumor organoids. Our findings thus underscore the ERRs as novel redox sensors and effectors of a ROS defense program and highlight the potential therapeutic advantage of exploiting ERRγ inhibitors for the treatment of BCa and other diseases where oxidative stress plays a central role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Vernier
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Catherine R Dufour
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Shawn McGuirk
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Charlotte Scholtes
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourmeau
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Morag Park
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Julie St-Pierre
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Etienne Audet-Walsh
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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103
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Sexual hormones regulate the redox status and mitochondrial function in the brain. Pathological implications. Redox Biol 2020; 31:101505. [PMID: 32201220 PMCID: PMC7212485 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to other organs, the brain is especially exposed to oxidative stress. In general, brains from young females tend to present lower oxidative damage in comparison to their male counterparts. This has been attributed to higher antioxidant defenses and a better mitochondrial function in females, which has been linked to neuroprotection in this group. However, these differences usually disappear with aging, and the incidence of brain pathologies increases in aged females. Sexual hormones, which suffer a decrease with normal aging, have been proposed as the key factors involved in these gender differences. Here, we provide an overview of redox status and mitochondrial function regulation by sexual hormones and their influence in normal brain aging. Furthermore, we discuss how sexual hormones, as well as phytoestrogens, may play an important role in the development and progression of several brain pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, stroke or brain cancer. Sex hormones are reduced with aging, especially in females, affecting redox balance. Normal aging is associated to a worse redox homeostasis in the brain. Young females show better mitochondrial function and higher antioxidant defenses. Development of brain pathologies is influenced by sex hormones and phytoestrogens.
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104
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PGC-1 α, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress: An Integrative View in Metabolism. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1452696. [PMID: 32215168 PMCID: PMC7085407 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1452696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α is a transcriptional coactivator described as a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, including oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species detoxification. PGC-1α is highly expressed in tissues with high energy demands, and it is clearly associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and its principal complications including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and hepatic steatosis. We herein review the molecular pathways regulated by PGC-1α, which connect oxidative stress and mitochondrial metabolism with inflammatory response and metabolic syndrome. PGC-1α regulates the expression of mitochondrial antioxidant genes, including manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxiredoxin 3 and 5, uncoupling protein 2, thioredoxin 2, and thioredoxin reductase and thus prevents oxidative injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. Dysregulation of PGC-1α alters redox homeostasis in cells and exacerbates inflammatory response, which is commonly accompanied by metabolic disturbances. During inflammation, low levels of PGC-1α downregulate mitochondrial antioxidant gene expression, induce oxidative stress, and promote nuclear factor kappa B activation. In metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by a chronic low grade of inflammation, PGC-1α dysregulation modifies the metabolic properties of tissues by altering mitochondrial function and promoting reactive oxygen species accumulation. In conclusion, PGC-1α acts as an essential node connecting metabolic regulation, redox control, and inflammatory pathways, and it is an interesting therapeutic target that may have significant benefits for a number of metabolic diseases.
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105
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Kitamura K, Erlangga JS, Tsukamoto S, Sakamoto Y, Mabashi-Asazuma H, Iida K. Daidzein promotes the expression of oxidative phosphorylation- and fatty acid oxidation-related genes via an estrogen-related receptor α pathway to decrease lipid accumulation in muscle cells. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 77:108315. [PMID: 31923756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor (ERR)α regulates genes involved in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in muscle. The soy isoflavone daidzein was reported to be a putative ERRα activator, but little is known about its effects on gene expression and FA metabolism. This study aimed to clarify whether daidzein affects FAO- and OXPHOS-related genes thereby modulating intracellular FA metabolism in muscle cells. For this purpose, we used the C2C12 murine muscle cell line. ERRα-expressing C2C12 myotubes were treated with 50 μM daidzein, and gene expression was examined. The expression of FAO genes such as pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4) and acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (Acadm) and that of OXPHOS genes such as ATP synthase F1 subunit beta (Atp5b) and cytochrome c (Cycs) was significantly increased by daidzein, and these effects were partially blocked by an ERRα inhibitor. Using a reporter assay, we showed that daidzein enhanced the promoter activity of these genes and that ERRα responsive elements in the promoter region were necessary for the action of daidzein. Finally, daidzein significantly decreased lipid accumulation in C2C12 myotubes associated with increased oxygen consumption. In conclusion, daidzein decreases lipid deposition in muscle cells by regulating the expression of genes related to FAO and OXPHOS via an ERRα-associated pathway at least in part. These results suggest that daidzein would be a beneficial tool to protect against various diseases caused by muscle lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanano Kitamura
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Jane Surya Erlangga
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Sakuka Tsukamoto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Yuri Sakamoto
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Tokyo Kasei University, 1-18-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8602, Japan
| | - Hideaki Mabashi-Asazuma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan; The Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Kaoruko Iida
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan; The Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan.
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106
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Nakagawa R, Hiep NC, Ouchi H, Sato Y, Harada K. Expression of fatty-acid-binding protein 5 in intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: the possibility of different energy metabolisms in anatomical location. Med Mol Morphol 2020; 53:42-49. [PMID: 31432248 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-019-00230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The biliary tract cancer (BTC) covers a range of carcinomas, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), cholangiolocellular carcinoma (CoCC), perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (perihilar CC), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), and gallbladder cancer (GBC), defined according to the anatomical location. These adenocarcinomas mostly comprise biliary epithelial cell-derived malignant cells. In addition to anatomical differences, there are morphological and biological differences in BTC starting from embryonic development of the tissues extending to physiological differences. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are closely associated with the energy metabolism. Using surgical specimens from 74 BTCs, we performed immunohistochemistry for FABP5 and its associated molecules, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), PPARγ coactivator 1 (PGC-1), and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα). We found that the expression patterns of small BTCs (ICC and CoCC) considerably differed from those of large BTCs (perihilar CC, ECC, and GBC). Expression of FABP5 and PGC-1 in large BTCs was high compared with those of small BTCs, but no difference in the expression of PPARγ and ERRα was observed. FABP5 appears to play a role in malignant progression in large BTCs. Small and large BTCs possess different energy metabolism systems owing to their different anatomical locations and course of carcinogenesis, although all BTCs originate from biliary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Nakagawa
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Nguyen Canh Hiep
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ouchi
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sato
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.
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107
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Tripathi M, Yen PM, Singh BK. Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha: An Under-Appreciated Potential Target for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1645. [PMID: 32121253 PMCID: PMC7084735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA) is an orphan nuclear receptor (NR) that significantly influences cellular metabolism. ESRRA is predominantly expressed in metabolically-active tissues and regulates the transcription of metabolic genes, including those involved in mitochondrial turnover and autophagy. Although ESRRA activity is well-characterized in several types of cancer, recent reports suggest that it also has an important role in metabolic diseases. This minireview focuses on the regulation of cellular metabolism and function by ESRRA and its potential as a target for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brijesh Kumar Singh
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulation, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (M.T.); (P.M.Y.)
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108
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Aalto A, Huotari-Orava R, Luhtala S, Mäenpää J, Staff S. Expression of Estrogen-Related Receptors in Localized Provoked Vulvodynia. Biores Open Access 2020; 9:13-21. [PMID: 32117596 PMCID: PMC7047250 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2019.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight percent of women suffer from vulvodynia, a chronic pain condition with unknown etiology. Inflammation and dysregulation of estrogen signaling have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV). Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze protein expression levels of estrogen-related receptors ERRα, ERRß, ERRγ, estrogen receptor (ERα), and progesterone receptor (PRα) and CD3-positive T cells in the vulvar vestibulum obtained from women suffering from LPV in comparison to healthy, unaffected controls. Vulvar vestibulum tissue specimens were obtained from LPV patients (n = 12) who had undergone modified posterior vestibulectomy and from 15 healthy controls. Protein expression of ERRα, ERRß, ERRγ, ERα, and PRα and CD3-positive T cells was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Expression of ERRß was significantly more pronounced in samples from LPV compared to healthy controls (p = 0.006). No significant difference in the expression patterns of ERRα, ERRγ, ERα, PRα, or CD3 cells was detected. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting ERR expression in normal vestibulum and in vestibulectomy samples from LPV patients. The higher level of ERRß expression detected by IHC may reflect dysregulation of estrogen signaling in LPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Aalto
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland
| | - Riitta Huotari-Orava
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Luhtala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Johanna Mäenpää
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Synnöve Staff
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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109
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Jung YS, Kim YH, Radhakrishnan K, kim J, Kim DK, Lee JH, Oh H, Lee IK, Kim W, Cho SJ, Choi CS, Dooley S, Egan JM, Lee CH, Choi HS. An inverse agonist of estrogen-related receptor γ regulates 2-arachidonoylglycerol synthesis by modulating diacylglycerol lipase expression in alcohol-intoxicated mice. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:427-438. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s00204-019-02648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
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110
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Li X, Zhang K, Hu Y, Luo N. ERRα activates SHMT2 transcription to enhance the resistance of breast cancer to lapatinib via modulating the mitochondrial metabolic adaption. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20192465. [PMID: 31894856 PMCID: PMC6970080 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lapatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, can initially benefit the patients with breast tumors but fails in later treatment due to the inevitable development of drug resistance. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) modulates the metabolic adaptations in lapatinib-resistant cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. ERRα was predicted to bind to the serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) transcription initiation site in the ER- and HER2-positive cell line BT-474; thus, we hypothesize that ERRα might modulate the resistance of breast cancer to lapatinib via regulating SHMT2. In the present study, we revealed that 2.5 and 5 µM lapatinib treatment could significantly decrease the expression and protein levels of ERRα and SHMT2; ERRα and SHMT2 expression and protein levels were significantly up-regulated in breast cancer cells, in particularly in breast cancer cells with resistance to lapatinib. ERRα knockdown restored the inhibitory effects of lapatinib on the BT-474R cell viability and migration; in the meantime, ERRα knockdown rescued the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) whereas decreased the ratio of glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) upon lapatinib treatment. Via targeting SHMT2 promoter region, ERRα activated the transcription of SHMT2. The effects of ERRα knockdown on BT-474R cells under lapatinib treatment could be significantly reversed by SHMT2 overexpression. In conclusion, ERRα knockdown suppresses the detoxification and the mitochondrial metabolic adaption in breast cancer resistant to lapatinib; ERRα activates SHMT2 transcription via targeting its promoter region, therefore enhancing breast cancer resistance to lapatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Kejing Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Na Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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111
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An inverse agonist of estrogen-related receptor γ regulates 2-arachidonoylglycerol synthesis by modulating diacylglycerol lipase expression in alcohol-intoxicated mice. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:427-438. [PMID: 31912162 PMCID: PMC10131092 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol feeding increases the levels of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the liver, which activates hepatic cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R), leading to oxidative liver injury. 2-AG biosynthesis is catalyzed by diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL). However, the mechanisms regulating hepatic DAGL gene expression and 2-AG production are largely unknown. In this study, we show that CB1R-induced estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) controls hepatic DAGL gene expression and 2-AG levels. Arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide (ACEA), a synthetic CB1R agonist, significantly upregulated ERRγ, DAGLα, and DAGLβ, and increased 2-AG levels in the liver (10 mg/kg) and hepatocytes (10 μM) of wild-type (WT) mice. ERRγ overexpression upregulated DAGLα and DAGLβ expressions and increased 2-AG levels, whereas ERRγ knockdown abolished ACEA-induced DAGLα, DAGLβ, and 2-AG in vitro and in vivo. Promoter assays showed that ERRγ positively regulated DAGLα and DAGLβ transcription by binding to the ERR response element in the DAGLα and DAGLβ promoters. Chronic alcohol feeding (27.5% of total calories) induced hepatic steatosis and upregulated ERRγ, leading to increased DAGLα, DAGLβ, or 2-AG in WT mice, whereas these alcohol-induced effects did not occur in hepatocyte-specific CB1R knockout mice or in those treated with the ERRγ inverse agonist GSK5182 (40 mg/kg in mice and 10 μM in vitro). Taken together, these results indicate that suppression of alcohol-induced DAGLα and DAGLβ gene expressions and 2-AG levels by an ERRγ-specific inverse agonist may be a novel and attractive therapeutic approach for the treatment of alcoholic liver disease.
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112
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Lu G, Xu X, Li G, Sun H, Wang N, Zhu Y, Wan N, Shi Y, Wang G, Li L, Hao H, Ye H. Subresidue-Resolution Footprinting of Ligand-Protein Interactions by Carbene Chemistry and Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:947-956. [PMID: 31769969 PMCID: PMC7394559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of ligand-protein interactions is essential for understanding fundamental biological processes and for the rational design of drugs that target such processes. Carbene footprinting efficiently labels proteinaceous residues and has been used with mass spectrometry (MS) to map ligand-protein interactions. Nevertheless, previous footprinting studies are typically performed at the residue level, and therefore, the resolution may not be high enough to couple with conventional crystallography techniques. Herein we developed a subresidue footprinting strategy based on the discovery that carbene labeling produces subresidue peptide isomers and the intensity changes of these isomers in response to ligand binding can be exploited to delineate ligand-protein topography at the subresidue level. The established workflow combines carbene footprinting, extended liquid chromatographic separation, and ion mobility (IM)-MS for efficient separation and identification of subresidue isomers. Analysis of representative subresidue isomers located within the binding cleft of lysozyme and those produced from an amyloid-β segment have both uncovered structural information heretofore unavailable by residue-level footprinting. Lastly, a "real-world" application shows that the reactivity changes of subresidue isomers at Phe399 can identify the interactive nuances between estrogen-related receptor α, a potential drug target for cancer and metabolic diseases, with its three ligands. These findings have significant implications for drug design. Taken together, we envision the subresidue-level resolution enabled by IM-MS-coupled carbene footprinting can bridge the gap between structural MS and the more-established biophysical tools and ultimately facilitate diverse applications for fundamental research and pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Gongyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Huiyong Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yinxue Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ning Wan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yatao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Haiping Hao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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113
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Emmett MJ, Lazar MA. Integrative regulation of physiology by histone deacetylase 3. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:102-115. [PMID: 30390028 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-018-0076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell-type-specific gene expression is physiologically modulated by the binding of transcription factors to genomic enhancer sequences, to which chromatin modifiers such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) are recruited. Drugs that inhibit HDACs are in clinical use but lack specificity. HDAC3 is a stoichiometric component of nuclear receptor co-repressor complexes whose enzymatic activity depends on this interaction. HDAC3 is required for many aspects of mammalian development and physiology, for example, for controlling metabolism and circadian rhythms. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms by which HDAC3 regulates cell type-specific enhancers, the structure of HDAC3 and its function as part of nuclear receptor co-repressors, its enzymatic activity and its post-translational modifications. We then discuss the plethora of tissue-specific physiological functions of HDAC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Emmett
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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114
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Kim YS, Silwal P, Kim SY, Yoshimori T, Jo EK. Autophagy-activating strategies to promote innate defense against mycobacteria. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-10. [PMID: 31827065 PMCID: PMC6906292 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a major causal pathogen of human tuberculosis (TB), which is a serious health burden worldwide. The demand for the development of an innovative therapeutic strategy to treat TB is high due to drug-resistant forms of TB. Autophagy is a cell-autonomous host defense mechanism by which intracytoplasmic cargos can be delivered and then destroyed in lysosomes. Previous studies have reported that autophagy-activating agents and small molecules may be beneficial in restricting intracellular Mtb infection, even with multidrug-resistant Mtb strains. Recent studies have revealed the essential roles of host nuclear receptors (NRs) in the activation of the host defense through antibacterial autophagy against Mtb infection. In particular, we discuss the function of estrogen-related receptor (ERR) α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α in autophagy regulation to improve host defenses against Mtb infection. Despite promising findings relating to the antitubercular effects of various agents, our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which autophagy-activating agents suppress intracellular Mtb in vitro and in vivo is lacking. An improved understanding of the antibacterial autophagic mechanisms in the innate host defense will eventually lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for human TB. Therapies that promote intracellular digestion of microbes could prove a valuable addition to antibiotic weapons against tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) establishes itself within immune cells, and employs a variety of tricks to protect itself as it sickens its host. Researchers led by Eun-Kyeong Jo at Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea, have reviewed efforts to defeat this pathogen by jump-starting a cellular ‘recycling’ pathway called autophagy. Autophagy helps cells break down both biomolecules aggregates and potential invaders, but Mtb can elude such digestion. Jo and colleagues highlight antimycobacterial agents that can potentially render Mtb vulnerable to autophagy, as well as promising cellular targets that may allow researchers to access this process. For example, evidence suggests that agents that activate a regulatory protein such as ERRα or PPARα could stimulate cellular degradation of Mtb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sak Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Prashanta Silwal
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Drug & Disease Target Research Team, Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju, 28119, South Korea
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
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115
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Yu G, Zilundu PLM, Liu L, Zhong K, Tang Y, Ling Z, Zhou LH. ERRγ is downregulated in injured motor neuron subpopulations following brachial plexus root avulsion. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:205-213. [PMID: 31853291 PMCID: PMC6909709 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is a member of a small group of orphan nuclear receptor transcription factors that have been implicated in several physiological and pathological processes, including placental development, regulation of metabolic genes or disease. The pattern of expression of ERRγ, its role in neuronal injury and its co-localization with other transcription factors in the spinal cord of rats with brachial plexus injury has not been determined. The expression profile of ERRγ and its co-localization with RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 3 (NeuN) or cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor 3 (ATF-3) in the motor neurons of rats that underwent brachial plexus root avulsion were assessed using western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Fluorogold (FG) was used to mark neurons whose axons were severed. ATF-3 was expressed in the nuclei of motor neurons whose axons were severed by root avulsion. On day 3 post-avulsion, FG and ATF-3 were all co-localized in the injured motor neurons. The level of ERRγ protein in the ipsilateral half of injured spinal cords was significantly decreased compared with that in the contralateral half on days 3, 14 and 28 post-avulsion (all P<0.05). The numbers of ERRγ-positive motor neurons (ERRγon) were also notably decreased in the ipsilateral side compared with that in the contralateral side on days 14 and 28 post-avulsion, implying that the expression occurred in α motor neurons that were progressively being lost, a phenomenon that was expected post-brachial plexus avulsion. Almost all large and small ERRγ-positive motor neurons were also NeuN-positive (NeuNon). However, a few of these were ERRγon/NeuNoff (no NeuN signal). Therefore, these results suggested that ERRγ is a non-specific marker of γ motor neurons in rats, and therefore, this specific transcriptional program cannot be used to define functionally distinct motor neuron sub-populations. However, its downregulation on the injured side suggests that it is an important component of the response to injury in motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyin Yu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Prince Last Mudenda Zilundu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ke Zhong
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zemin Ling
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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116
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Zhou Y, Jia Q, Meng X, Chen D, Zhu B. ERRα Regulates OTUB1 Expression to Promote Colorectal Cancer Cell Migration. J Cancer 2019; 10:5812-5819. [PMID: 31737118 PMCID: PMC6843886 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian tumor domain-containing ubiquitin aldehyde binding protein 1 (OTUB1) is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying OTUB1 overexpression are not clear. In this study, we found that estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα, also called NR3B1) binds to OTUB1 promoter and regulates its expression in colorectal cancer. Furthermore, ERRα promoted the migration of CRC cells by inducing vimentin expression via OTUB1. Our data show that OTUB1 is a novel target of ERRα and indicate that ERRα-OTUB1 signaling may play a significant role in CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingzhu Jia
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Meng
- Department of Hematology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Diangang Chen
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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117
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Abstract
Metabolic control systems coordinate myriad processes across the cellular, tissue and organismal levels to optimize the allocation of limited supplies across multiple, often competing, metabolic demands. As such, the regulation of metabolism can be analysed from the perspective of the economic theory of supply and demand. Here, we discuss how such analyses can provide new insights into the logic of metabolic control. In particular, we suggest that, in addition to being subject to well-appreciated homeostatic control, metabolism is subject to supply-driven and demand-driven controls, each operated by a dedicated set of signals throughout various physiological states, including inflammation. Furthermore, we argue that systemic homeostasis is a derived feature that evolved from the control systems that monitor metabolic supply and demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ye
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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118
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Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have received much attention for their promising therapeutic intervention in recent years. These molecules, with the mechanism of simultaneous recruitment of target protein and an E3 ligase, can trigger the cellular ubiquitin–proteasome system to degrade the target proteins. This article systematically introduces the mechanism of small-molecule PROTACs, and summarized the research progress of small-molecule PROTACs. The prospect for further application and the problems to be solved are also discussed.
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119
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Li P, Wang J, Wu D, Ren X, Wu W, Zuo R, Zeng Q, Wang B, He X, Yuan J, Xie N. ERRα is an aggressive factor in lung adenocarcinoma indicating poor prognostic outcomes. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8111-8123. [PMID: 31564971 PMCID: PMC6730612 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s204732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lung cancer is one of the most life-threatening cancer worldwide with poor prognosis attributed to the lack of early diagnosis and proper therapy. The estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) is a multifunctional protein not limited to bind ligands and has been reported to be associated with numerous cancers. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of ERRα in lung cancer and to provide a novel perspective for lung cancer early diagnosis, targeted therapy, and prognosis assessment. Methods The correlation between ERRα mRNA expression and survival time of the online clinical data about lung cancer was analyzed by using Kaplan–Meier (KM) plotter. A mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was constructed to detect the expression level of ERRα in tumor tissues. ERRα-knockdown LUAD cells were generated and the impacts of ERRα on cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis were further analyzed. Cancerous and paracancerous tissues were collected to semi-quantitative the levels of ERRα in LUAD clinical samples (n=88), combined with clinical information for prognostic analysis. Results The KM plotter analysis suggested that ERRα is correlated with poor prognosis in LUAD (n=720) rather than in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) (n=524). ERRα is also upregulated in tumor tissues obtained from LUAD model mice. Quantitative analysis suggested an abnormal elevation of ERRα in LUAD cells rather than in LSCC cells. The results demonstrated that downregulation of ERRα impairs proliferation, invasion and migration abilities (P<0.01). The prognostic analysis showed that the overexpressed ERRα in LUAD was positively correlated with low survival rates (HR=1.597). The results indicate that the death risk of ERRα high expression is 1.597 times higher than ERRα low level in LUAD patients. Conclusion In summary, our findings suggest that ERRα is a potential aggressive factor of LUAD which implies poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, People's Republic of China
| | - Desheng Wu
- Department of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohu Ren
- Department of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Zuo
- Department of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbo Zeng
- Department of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi He
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Occupational Health, Shenzhen Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518054, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Xie
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
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120
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Yang D, Wan Y. Molecular determinants for the polarization of macrophage and osteoclast. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:551-563. [PMID: 31506868 PMCID: PMC6815265 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggest that macrophage and osteoclast are two competing differentiation outcomes from myeloid progenitors. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling the polarization of macrophage and osteoclast. These include nuclear receptors/transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), their transcription cofactor PPARγ coactivator 1-β (PGC-1β), metabolic factors such as mitochondrial complex I (CI) component NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase iron-sulfur protein 4 (Ndufs4), as well as transmembrane receptors such as very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). These molecular rheostats promote osteoclast differentiation but suppress proinflammatory macrophage activation and inflammation, by acting lineage-intrinsically, systemically or cross generation. These findings provide new insights to the understanding of the interactions between innate immunity and bone remodeling, advancing the field of osteoimmunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengbao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yihong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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121
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BCL6 regulates brown adipocyte dormancy to maintain thermogenic reserve and fitness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:17071-17080. [PMID: 31375635 PMCID: PMC6708354 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907308116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During exposure to environmental cold, brown adipocytes protect against hypothermia by generating heat (thermogenesis). In warm environments, brown adipocytes become inactive or dormant but still maintain their identity and thermogenic capacity, allowing rapid reactivation of thermogenesis upon subsequent cold exposure. Our understanding of the dormant state and its regulation is very limited. Here, we show that the transcription factor B cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is specifically required for maintenance of thermogenic capacity during dormancy in brown adipocytes. Mechanistically, BCL6 drives a gene expression program that promotes survival, fatty acid oxidation, and uncoupled respiration. Thus, unlike other transcription factors that regulate cold-induced thermogenesis, BCL6 is specifically required for maintaining thermogenic fitness during adaptation to environmental warmth. Brown adipocytes provide a metabolic defense against environmental cold but become dormant as mammals habituate to warm environments. Although dormancy is a regulated response in brown adipocytes to environmental warmth, its transcriptional mechanisms and functional importance are unknown. Here, we identify B cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 (BCL6) as a critical regulator of dormancy in brown adipocytes but not for their commitment, differentiation, or cold-induced activation. In a temperature-dependent manner, BCL6 suppresses apoptosis, fatty acid storage, and coupled respiration to maintain thermogenic fitness during dormancy. Mechanistically, BCL6 remodels the epigenome of brown adipocytes to enforce brown and oppose white adipocyte cellular identity. Thus, unlike other thermogenic regulators, BCL6 is specifically required for maintaining thermogenic fitness when mammals acclimate to environmental warmth.
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122
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Northam C, LeMoine CMR. Metabolic regulation by the PGC-1α and PGC-1β coactivators in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 234:60-67. [PMID: 31004809 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family is composed of three coactivators whose role in regulating mammalian bioenergetics regulation is clear, but is much less certain in other vertebrates. Current evidence suggests that in fish, PGC-1α and PGC-1β may exhibit much less redundancy in the control of fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis compared to mammals. To assess these roles directly, we knocked down PGC-1α and PGC-1β expression with morpholinos in zebrafish embryos, and we investigated the resulting molecular and physiological phenotypes. First, we found no effects of either morpholinos on larval hatching, heart rates and oxygen consumption over the first few days of development. Next, at 3 days post fertilization (dpf), we confirmed by real time PCR a specific knock down of both coactivators, that resulted in a significant reduction in the transcript levels of citrate synthase (CS), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HOAD), and medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD) in both morphant groups. However, there was no effect on transcription factors' gene expression except for a marked reduction in estrogen related receptor α (ERRα) transcripts in PGC-1α morphants. Finally, we assessed whole embryonic enzyme activity for CS, cytochrome oxidase (COX), HOAD and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-1) at 4 dpf. The only significant effect of the knockdown was a reduced CS activity in PGC-1α morphants and a counterintuitive increase of cytochrome oxidase activity in PGC-1β morphants. Overall, our results indicate that in larval zebrafish, PGC-1α and PGC-1β both play a role in regulating expression of important mitochondrial genes potentially through ERRα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Northam
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
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123
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Li XC, Yin XJ, Hong W, Liu J, Jin F, Wang BY, Wang YM, Tian FJ. The orphan nuclear receptor NUR77 promotes trophoblast invasion at early pregnancy through paracrine placental growth factor. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1359-1373. [PMID: 31312859 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
NR4A1 (NUR77) is an orphan nuclear receptor that has been implicated in both cell survival and apoptosis. However, the role of NUR77 in trophoblast function during early placenta development has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we showed that NUR77 expression was significantly lower in the villi of the recurrent miscarriage (RM) group compared to that in the healthy controls (HCs) group. We used immunohistochemistry and found that NUR77 was highly expressed in human placental villi during early pregnancy, especially in syncytiotrophoblast (STB), and was expressed at a much lower level in STB from the RM group than in those from HC group. Western blotting data further confirmed that NUR77 was highly expressed in primary human term placental STB and the FSK-induced BeWo cell line. Moreover, antibody array screening and ELISA revealed that NUR77 promoted significant placental growth factor (PGF) expression during trophoblast fusion. Ectopic overexpression and knockdown experiments demonstrated that PGF was a novel downstream target of NUR77, and serum PGF expression correlated positively with trophoblast NUR77 mRNA levels in HCs and RM patients. Importantly, bioinformatics analysis identified two NUR77 binding sites in the PGF promoter region, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with Western blotting analysis further verified that NUR77 bound directly to the PGF promoter region and promoted PGF expression. Furthermore, in a BeWo/HTR-8 co-culture system, FSK-induced BeWo-secreted PGF promoted HTR-8 cell migration and invasion, and an anti-PGF antibody reversed this effect. Collectively, these results indicated that NUR77 may play a key role in regulating trophoblast invasion at early pregnancy. KEY MESSAGES: NUR77 expression was significantly decreased in the syncytiotrophoblast of the recurrent miscarriage group compared to that in the healthy control group. NUR77 promoted PGF expression during trophoblast fusion. ChIP and western blotting experiments verified that NUR77 bound directly to the PGF promoter region and activated PGF expression in trophoblast. Trophoblast-derived PGF promoted HTR-8 cell migration and invasion in a cell co-culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Cui Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Jie Yin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Reproductive Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Ying Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Mei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Ju Tian
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China.
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124
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Li D, Cai Y, Teng D, Li W, Tang Y, Liu G. Computational insights into the interaction mechanisms of estrogen-related receptor alpha with endogenous ligand cholesterol. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 94:1316-1329. [PMID: 30811808 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) has attracted increasing concerns. ERRα, orphan nuclear receptor, plays important roles in energy metabolism. Therefore, small molecule agonists of ERRα could be a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Recently, Wei et al. identified cholesterol as the endogenous agonist of ERRα. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of cholesterol bound with ERRα remains ambiguous. Thus, in this study molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to characterize how cholesterol affects the behavior of ERRα. Based on the results, we found that a proven residue Phe232 and others including Leu228, Glu235, Arg276, and Phe399 were key residues to ligand binding. A hydrogen-bonding interaction between cholesterol and Glu235 ensured the orientation of the ligand in the binding pocket, while hydrophobic interactions between cholesterol and the above-mentioned residues promoted the stability of ERRα-cholesterol complex. In the presence of the proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), the cholesterol-ERRα interaction became more stable. Interestingly, we observed that cholesterol facilitated the binding of ERRα with its coactivator PGC-1α via stabilizing the conformation of helix 12 and the interaction surface of ERRα/PGC-1α. Overall, these findings would be valuable for the future rational design of novel ERRα agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Teng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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125
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Shahoei SH, Nelson ER. Nuclear receptors, cholesterol homeostasis and the immune system. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 191:105364. [PMID: 31002862 PMCID: PMC6589364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is essential for maintaining membrane fluidity in eukaryotes. Additionally, the synthetic cascade of cholesterol results in precursor molecules important for cellular function such as lipid raft formation and protein prenylation. As such, cholesterol homeostasis is tightly regulated. Interestingly, it is now known that some cholesterol precursors and many metabolites serve as active signaling molecules, binding to different classes of receptors including the nuclear receptors. Furthermore, many cholesterol metabolites or their nuclear receptors have been implicated in the regulation of the immune system in normal physiology and disease. Therefore, in this focused review, cholesterol homeostasis and nuclear receptors involved in this regulation will be discussed, with particular emphasis on how these cascades influence the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Hamed Shahoei
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Erik R Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Anticancer Discovery from Pets to People Theme, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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126
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Ghanbari F, Hebert-Losier A, Barry J, Poirier D, Giguere V, Mader S, Philip A. Isolation and functional characterization of a novel endogenous inverse agonist of estrogen related receptors (ERRs) from human pregnancy urine. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 191:105352. [PMID: 30954508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen-receptor related receptors (ERRs) which consists of ERRα, ERRβ and ERRγ belong to the orphan nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group B (NR3B) subfamily, and are constitutively active. ERRs have been shown to actively modulate estrogenic responses, and to play an essential role in pregnancy, and are implicated in breast cancer progression. Despite intensive efforts, no endogenous ligand other than the ubiquitous sterol, cholesterol which binds ERRα, has been identified for ERRs so far. The discovery of ligands that bind these orphan receptors will allow the manipulation of this pathway and may lead to novel strategies for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. We previously reported the identification of a novel endogenous estradienolone-like steroid (ED) that is strongly bound to sex hormone binding globulin, in pregnant women. Our recent results show that ED acts as an inverse agonist of ERRα and ERRγ by directly interacting with these receptors, and inhibiting their transcriptional activity. We also demonstrate that ED inhibits the growth of both estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7) and estrogen receptor-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells in a dose dependent manner, while of displaying a little effect on normal epithelial breast cells. Furthermore, the anti-mitogenic effect of ED in breast cancer cells is ERRα-dependent. These data suggest that ED-ERR interaction may represent a novel physiologically relevant hormone response pathway in the human. The finding that ED inhibits both ER negative and ER positive breast cancer cell growth may have important implications in pathophysiology breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faegheh Ghanbari
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Andrea Hebert-Losier
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Janelle Barry
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Donald Poirier
- Department of Molecular Medicine, and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
| | | | - Sylvie Mader
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Anie Philip
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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Liu X, Sakai H, Nishigori M, Suyama K, Nawaji T, Ikeda S, Nishigouchi M, Okada H, Matsushima A, Nose T, Shimohigashi M, Shimohigashi Y. Receptor-binding affinities of bisphenol A and its next-generation analogs for human nuclear receptors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 377:114610. [PMID: 31195007 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An endocrine-disrupting chemical Bisphenol A (BPA) binds specifically to a nuclear receptor (NR) named ERRγ. Although the importance of receptor-binding evaluation for human NRs is often stressed, the binding characteristics of so-called next-generation (NextGen) bisphenol compounds are still poorly understood. The ultimate objective of this investigation was to evaluate BPA and its NextGen analogs for their abilities to bind to 21 human NRs, the greatest members of NRs for which tritium-labeled specific ligands were available. After establishing the detailed assay conditions for each NR, the receptor binding affinities of total 11 bisphenols were evaluated in competitive binding assays. The results clearly revealed that BPA and the NextGen bisphenols of BPAF, BPAP, BPB, BPC, BPE, and BPZ were highly potent against one or more of NRs such as CAR, ERα, ERβ, ERRγ, and GR, with IC50 values of 3.3-73 nM. These bisphenols were suggested strongly to be disruptive to these NRs. BPM and BPP also appeared to be disruptive, but less potently. BPF exhibited only weak effects and only against estrogen-related NRs. Surprisingly, most doubtful bisphenol BPS was supposed not to be disruptive. The NRs to which BPA and NextGen bisphenols did not bind were RARα, RARβ, RARγ, and VDR. PPARγ, RORα, RORβ, RORγ, RXRα, RXRβ, and RXRγ, exhibited very weak interaction with these bisphenols. The ten remaining NRs, namely, ERRγ, ERβ, ERα, CAR, GR, PXR, PR, AR, LXRβ, and LXRα, showed distinctly strong binding to some bisphenols in this order, being likely to have consequential endocrine-disruption effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liu
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Risk Science Research Center, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Sakai
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Nishigori
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keitaro Suyama
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tasuku Nawaji
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shin Ikeda
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishigouchi
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ayami Matsushima
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Risk Science Research Center, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeru Nose
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Risk Science Research Center, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Miki Shimohigashi
- Division of Biology, Department of Earth System of Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; Risk Science Research Institute, Ikimatsudai 3-7-5, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0044, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shimohigashi
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Risk Science Research Center, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Risk Science Research Institute, Ikimatsudai 3-7-5, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0044, Japan.
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128
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Islam H, Hood DA, Gurd BJ. Looking beyond PGC-1α: emerging regulators of exercise-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and their activation by dietary compounds. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:11-23. [PMID: 31158323 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite its widespread acceptance as the "master regulator" of mitochondrial biogenesis (i.e., the expansion of the mitochondrial reticulum), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) appears to be dispensable for the training-induced augmentation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and respiratory function. In fact, a number of regulatory proteins have emerged as important players in skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and many of these proteins share key attributes with PGC-1α. In an effort to move past the simplistic notion of a "master regulator" of mitochondrial biogenesis, we highlight the regulatory mechanisms by which nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ), PPARβ, and leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein (LRP130) may contribute to the control of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. We also present evidence supporting/refuting the ability of sulforaphane, quercetin, and epicatechin to promote skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and their potential to augment mitochondrial training adaptations. Targeted activation of specific pathways by these compounds may allow for greater mechanistic insight into the molecular pathways controlling mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle. Dietary activation of mitochondrial biogenesis may also be useful in clinical populations with basal reductions in mitochondrial protein content, enzyme activities, and/or respiratory function as well as individuals who exhibit a blunted skeletal muscle responsiveness to contractile activity. Novelty The existence of redundant pathways leading to mitochondrial biogenesis refutes the simplistic notion of a "master regulator" of mitochondrial biogenesis. Dietary activation of specific pathways may provide greater mechanistic insight into the exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim Islam
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - David A Hood
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Brendon J Gurd
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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129
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Emerging role of the orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor gamma in liver metabolic diseases. LIVER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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130
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Ge MX, Shao RG, He HW. Advances in understanding the regulatory mechanism of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 164:152-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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131
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Peng L, Zhang Z, Lei C, Li S, Zhang Z, Ren X, Chang Y, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Ding K. Identification of New Small-Molecule Inducers of Estrogen-related Receptor α (ERRα) Degradation. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:767-772. [PMID: 31097997 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of (E)-3-(4-((2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)oxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-cyanoacrylamide derivatives were designed and synthesized as new estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) degraders based on the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) concept. One of the representative compounds 6c is capable of specifically degrading ERRα protein by >80% at a relatively low concentration of 30 nM, becoming one of the most potent and selective ERRα degraders to date. Compound 6c could be utilized as a new powerful research tool for further biological investigation of ERRα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Peng
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development, Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhensheng Zhang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development, Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chong Lei
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development, Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shan Li
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development, Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development, Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaomei Ren
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development, Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu Chang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development, Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Ke Ding
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development, Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
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132
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Yoriki K, Mori T, Kokabu T, Matsushima H, Umemura S, Tarumi Y, Kitawaki J. Estrogen-related receptor alpha induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition through cancer-stromal interactions in endometrial cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6697. [PMID: 31040369 PMCID: PMC6491648 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43261-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα), which shares structural similarities with estrogen receptors, is associated with tumor progression in endometrial cancer, but little is known about the detailed underlying mechanism. We investigated whether ERRα, in cooperation with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), could participate in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometrial cancer through cancer-stromal interactions. Two endometrial cancer cell lines, Ishikawa and HEC-1A, transfected with ERRα/PGC-1α expression plasmids or silenced for ERRα expression, were co-cultured with telomerase-transformed human endometrial stromal cells (T-HESCs). We found that EMT-associated factors including vimentin, Snail, and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 were upregulated in cancer cells overexpressing ERRα/PGC-1α and that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) was induced in T-HESCs in the same conditions. In contrast, ERRα knockdown suppressed EMT-associated factors in cancer cells and TGF-β in T-HESCs. ERRα/PGC-1α overexpression increased the expression of EMT-associated factors after TGF-β exposure; however, it decreased E-cadherin at protein level. ERRα knockdown suppressed EMT-associated factors in the presence of TGF-β, whereas E-cadherin remained unchanged. Matrigel invasion assays revealed that ERRα knockdown attenuated the stimulation of migration and invasion by TGF-β. These findings suggest that ERRα is a potential target for inhibiting TGF-β-induced EMT through cancer-stromal interactions in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Yoriki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Kokabu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsushima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shiori Umemura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tarumi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Jo Kitawaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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133
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Ghosh S, Taylor JL, Mendoza TM, Dang T, Burk DH, Yu Y, Kilroy G, Floyd ZE. Siah2 modulates sex-dependent metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose tissue to a high-fat diet challenge. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:19. [PMID: 30987673 PMCID: PMC6466809 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The obesity-related risk of developing metabolic syndrome is higher in males than in females of reproductive age, likely due to estrogen-mediated reduced adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis with hypertrophied adipocytes. Depletion of the ubiquitin ligase Siah2 reduced white adipose tissue inflammation and improved glucose metabolism in obese male mice. Siah2 is a transcriptional target of estrogen, but data is lacking about the effect of Siah2 on adipose tissue of females. We therefore evaluated the impact of Siah2 deficiency on white and brown adipose tissue in females of reproductive age. Methods Body composition, adipose tissue morphology, brown adipose tissue gene, and protein expression and adipocyte sizing were evaluated in wild-type and Siah2KO female and male mice fed a low-fat or high-fat diet. Glucose and insulin tolerance, fasting glucose, insulin, fatty acids and triglycerides, and gene expression of inflammation markers in perigonadal fat were evaluated in wild-type and Siah2KO female mice. Microarray analysis of brown fat gene expression was carried out in both sexes. Statistical analysis was assessed by unpaired two-tailed t test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results Siah2 deficiency improves glucose and insulin tolerance in the presence of hypertrophied white adipocytes in high-fat-fed female mice with percent fat comparable to male mice. While previous studies showed Siah2KO reduces the white adipose tissue inflammatory response in male mice, the response in females is biased toward the upregulation of M2-like markers in white adipose tissue. In contrast, loss of Siah2 leads to increased whitening of brown fat in males, but not in females. This corresponded to increased expression of markers of inflammation (F4/80, Ccl2) and thermogenic genes (Pgc1alpha, Dio2, Ucp-1) and proteins (PGC-1α, UCP-1) in females. Contrary to expectations, increased expression of thermogenic markers in females was coupled with a downregulation of ERalpha and ERRgamma protein levels. Conclusions The most striking sex-related effect of Siah2 deficiency is reduced whitening of brown fat in high-fat-fed females. Protection from accumulating unilocular adipocytes in the brown fat corresponds to increased expression of thermogenic genes and proteins in female, but not in male mice. These results raise the possibility that Siah2 contributes to the estrogen-related effects on brown fat function in males and females. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13293-019-0233-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Ghosh
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Program and Center for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jessica L Taylor
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Tamra M Mendoza
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Thanh Dang
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - David H Burk
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Yongmei Yu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Gail Kilroy
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
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134
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Xia H, Dufour CR, Giguère V. ERRα as a Bridge Between Transcription and Function: Role in Liver Metabolism and Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:206. [PMID: 31024446 PMCID: PMC6459935 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As transcriptional factors, nuclear receptors (NRs) function as major regulators of gene expression. In particular, dysregulation of NR activity has been shown to significantly alter metabolic homeostasis in various contexts leading to metabolic disorders and cancers. The orphan estrogen-related receptor (ERR) subfamily of NRs, comprised of ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ, for which a natural ligand has yet to be identified, are known as central regulators of energy metabolism. If AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) can be viewed as sensors of the metabolic needs of a cell and responding acutely via post-translational control of proteins, then the ERRs can be regarded as downstream effectors of metabolism via transcriptional regulation of genes for a long-term and sustained adaptive response. In this review, we will focus on recent findings centered on the transcriptional roles played by ERRα in hepatocytes. Modulation of ERRα activity in both in vitro and in vivo models via genetic or pharmacological manipulation coupled with chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-on-chip and ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-seq) studies have been fundamental in delineating the direct roles of ERRα in the control of hepatic gene expression. These studies have identified crucial roles for ERRα in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism as well as in mitochondrial function under both physiological and pathological conditions. The regulation of ERRα expression and activity via ligand-independent modes of action including coregulator binding, post-translational modifications (PTMs) and control of protein stability will be discussed in the context that may serve as valuable tools to modulate ERRα function as new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of hepatic metabolic dysfunction and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Vincent Giguère
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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135
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Zhao H, Lin C, Hu K, Wen X, Yuan H. Discovery of novel estrogen-related receptor α inverse agonists by virtual screening and biological evaluation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:1641-1648. [PMID: 29633916 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1462736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Chao Lin
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Kaiwen Hu
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Xiaoan Wen
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Haoliang Yuan
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009 , China
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136
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Djouadi F, Bastin J. Mitochondrial Genetic Disorders: Cell Signaling and Pharmacological Therapies. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040289. [PMID: 30925787 PMCID: PMC6523966 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and respiratory chain (RC) defects form a large group of inherited monogenic disorders sharing many common clinical and pathophysiological features, including disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics, but also, for example, oxidative stress and accumulation of noxious metabolites. Interestingly, several transcription factors or co-activators exert transcriptional control on both FAO and RC genes, and can be activated by small molecules, opening to possibly common therapeutic approaches for FAO and RC deficiencies. Here, we review recent data on the potential of various drugs or small molecules targeting pivotal metabolic regulators: peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and protein kinase A (PKA)) or interacting with reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, to alleviate or to correct inborn FAO or RC deficiencies in cellular or animal models. The possible molecular mechanisms involved, in particular the contribution of mitochondrial biogenesis, are discussed. Applications of these pharmacological approaches as a function of genotype/phenotype are also addressed, which clearly orient toward personalized therapy. Finally, we propose that beyond the identification of individual candidate drugs/molecules, future pharmacological approaches should consider their combination, which could produce additive or synergistic effects that may further enhance their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Djouadi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, F-75006 Paris, France.
| | - Jean Bastin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, F-75006 Paris, France.
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137
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De Vitto H, Bode AM, Dong Z. The PGC-1/ERR network and its role in precision oncology. NPJ Precis Oncol 2019; 3:9. [PMID: 30911677 PMCID: PMC6428848 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-019-0081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional regulators include a superfamily of nuclear proteins referred to as co-activators and co-repressors, both of which are involved in controlling the functions of several nuclear receptors (NRs). The Nuclear Receptor Signaling Atlas (NURSA) has cataloged the composition of NRs, co-regulators, and ligands present in the human cell and their effort has been identified in more than 600 potential molecules. Given the importance of co-regulators in steroid, retinoid, and thyroid hormone signaling networks, hypothesizing that NRs/co-regulators are implicated in a wide range of pathologies are tempting. The co-activators known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 (PGC-1) and their key nuclear partner, the estrogen-related receptor (ERR), are emerging as pivotal transcriptional signatures that regulate an extremely broad repertoire of mitochondrial and metabolic genes, making them very attractive drug targets for cancer. Several studies have provided an increased understanding of the functional and structural biology of nuclear complexes. However, more comprehensive work is needed to create different avenues to explore the therapeutic potential of NRs/co-activators in precision oncology. Here, we discuss the emerging data associated with the structure, function, and molecular biology of the PGC-1/ERR network and address how the concepts evolving from these studies have deepened our understanding of how to develop more effective treatment strategies. We present an overview that underscores new biological insights into PGC-1/ERR to improve cancer outcomes against therapeutic resistance. Finally, we discuss the importance of exploiting new technologies such as single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to develop a high-resolution biological structure of PGC-1/ERR, focusing on novel drug discovery for precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto De Vitto
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue, Austin, NE 55912 USA
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue, Austin, NE 55912 USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue, Austin, NE 55912 USA
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138
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Likhite N, Yadav V, Milliman EJ, Sopariwala DH, Lorca S, Narayana NP, Sheth M, Reineke EL, Giguère V, Narkar V. Loss of Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha Facilitates Angiogenesis in Endothelial Cells. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:e00411-18. [PMID: 30602497 PMCID: PMC6379583 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00411-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) have emerged as major metabolic regulators in various tissues. However, their expression and function in the vasculature remains unknown. Here, we report the transcriptional program and cellular function of ERRα in endothelial cells (ECs), a cell type with a multifaceted role in vasculature. Of the three ERR subtypes, ECs exclusively express ERRα. Gene expression profiling of ECs lacking ERRα revealed that ERRα predominantly acts as a transcriptional repressor, targeting genes linked with angiogenesis, cell migration, and cell adhesion. ERRα-deficient ECs exhibit decreased proliferation but increased migration and tube formation. ERRα depletion increased basal as well as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA)- and ANG1/2-stimulated angiogenic sprouting in endothelial spheroids. Moreover, retinal angiogenesis is enhanced in ERRα knockout mice compared to that in wild-type mice. Surprisingly, ERRα is dispensable for the regulation of its classic targets, such as metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and cellular respiration in the ECs. ERRα is enriched at the promoters of angiogenic, migratory, and cell adhesion genes. Further, VEGFA increased ERRα recruitment to angiogenesis-associated genes and simultaneously decreased their expression. Despite increasing its gene occupancy, proangiogenic stimuli decrease ERRα expression in ECs. Our work shows that endothelial ERRα plays a repressive role in angiogenesis and potentially fine-tunes growth factor-mediated angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neah Likhite
- Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Danesh H Sopariwala
- Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sabina Lorca
- Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nithya P Narayana
- Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Megha Sheth
- Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erin L Reineke
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Department of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vihang Narkar
- Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
- Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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139
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Leopold Wager CM, Arnett E, Schlesinger LS. Macrophage nuclear receptors: Emerging key players in infectious diseases. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007585. [PMID: 30897154 PMCID: PMC6428245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that are expressed in a variety of cells, including macrophages. For decades, NRs have been therapeutic targets because their activity can be pharmacologically modulated by specific ligands and small molecule inhibitors. NRs regulate a variety of processes, including those intersecting metabolic and immune functions, and have been studied in regard to various autoimmune diseases. However, the complex roles of NRs in host response to infection are only recently being investigated. The NRs peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and liver X receptors (LXRs) have been most studied in the context of infectious diseases; however, recent work has also linked xenobiotic pregnane X receptors (PXRs), vitamin D receptor (VDR), REV-ERBα, the nuclear receptor 4A (NR4A) family, farnesoid X receptors (FXRs), and estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) to macrophage responses to pathogens. Pharmacological inhibition or antagonism of certain NRs can greatly influence overall disease outcome, and NRs that are protective against some diseases can lead to susceptibility to others. Targeting NRs as a novel host-directed treatment approach to infectious diseases appears to be a viable option, considering that these transcription factors play a pivotal role in macrophage lipid metabolism, cholesterol efflux, inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and production of antimicrobial byproducts. In the current review, we discuss recent findings concerning the role of NRs in infectious diseases with an emphasis on PPARγ and LXR, the two most studied. We also highlight newer work on the activity of emerging NRs during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eusondia Arnett
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
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140
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Lynch C, Zhao J, Sakamuru S, Zhang L, Huang R, Witt KL, Merrick BA, Teng CT, Xia M. Identification of Compounds That Inhibit Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha Signaling Using High-Throughput Screening Assays. Molecules 2019; 24:E841. [PMID: 30818834 PMCID: PMC6429183 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor, estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα; NR3B1), plays a pivotal role in energy homeostasis. Its expression fluctuates with the demands of energy production in various tissues. When paired with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), the PGC/ERR pathway regulates a host of genes that participate in metabolic signaling networks and in mitochondrial oxidative respiration. Unregulated overexpression of ERRα is found in many cancer cells, implicating a role in cancer progression and other metabolism-related diseases. Using high throughput screening assays, we screened the Tox21 10K compound library in stably transfected HEK293 cells containing either the ERRα-reporter or the reporter plus PGC-1α expression plasmid. We identified two groups of antagonists that were potent inhibitors of ERRα activity and/or the PGC/ERR pathway: nine antineoplastic agents and thirteen pesticides. Results were confirmed using gene expression studies. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of action on bioenergetics for five of the nine antineoplastic drugs. Nine of the thirteen pesticides, which have not been investigated previously for ERRα disrupting activity, were classified as such. In conclusion, we demonstrated that high-throughput screening assays can be used to reveal new biological properties of therapeutic and environmental chemicals, broadening our understanding of their modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Lynch
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Srilatha Sakamuru
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Li Zhang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Ruili Huang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Kristine L Witt
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - B Alex Merrick
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Christina T Teng
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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141
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Li X, Liu J, Lu Q, Ren D, Sun X, Rousselle T, Tan Y, Li J. AMPK: a therapeutic target of heart failure-not only metabolism regulation. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181767. [PMID: 30514824 PMCID: PMC6328861 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a serious disease with high mortality. The incidence of this disease has continued to increase over the past decade. All cardiovascular diseases causing dysfunction of various physiological processes can result in HF. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor, has pleiotropic cardioprotective effects and plays a critical role in the progression of HF. In this review, we highlight that AMPK can not only improve the energy supply in the failing heart by promoting ATP production, but can also regulate several important physiological processes to restore heart function. In addition, we discuss some aspects of some potential clinical drugs which have effects on AMPK activation and may have value in treating HF. More studies, especially clinical trials, should be done to evaluate manipulation of AMPK activation as a potential means of treating HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, U.S.A
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, U.S.A
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qingguo Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, U.S.A
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Di Ren
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, U.S.A
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, U.S.A
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Thomas Rousselle
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, U.S.A
| | - Yi Tan
- Pediatic Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, U.S.A
- Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, U.S.A
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, U.S.A.
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142
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Gong W, Song J, Chen X, Li S, Yu J, Xia W, Ding G, Zhang Y, Jia Z, Zhang A, Huang S. Estrogen-related receptor-α mediates puromycin aminonucleoside-induced mesangial cell apoptosis and inflammatory injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F906-F913. [PMID: 30698047 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00507.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular diseases are the leading cause of chronic kidney disease, and mesangial cells (MCs) have been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis. Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) is a nephrotoxic drug that induces glomerular injury with elusive mechanisms. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of PAN in MC apoptosis, as well as the underlying mechanism. Here we found that PAN induced MC apoptosis accompanied by declined cell viability and enhanced inflammatory response. The apoptosis was further evidenced by increments of apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) and caspase-3 expression. In line with the apoptotic response in MCs following PAN treatment, we also found a remarkable induction of estrogen-related receptor-α (ERRα), an orphan nuclear receptor, at both mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, ERRα silencing by an siRNA approach resulted in an attenuation of the apoptosis and inflammatory response caused by PAN. More importantly, overexpression of ERRα in MCs significantly triggered MC apoptosis in line with increased BAX and caspase-3 expression. In PAN-treated MCs, ERRα overexpression further aggravated PAN-induced apoptosis. In agreement with the in vitro study, we also observed increased ERRα expression in line with enhanced apoptotic response in renal cortex from PAN-treated rats. These data suggest a detrimental effect of ERRα on PAN-induced MC apoptosis and inflammatory response, which could help us to better understand the pathogenic mechanism of MC injury in PAN nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Song
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Xia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Guixia Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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143
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Baal N, Cunningham S, Obermann HL, Thomas J, Lippitsch A, Dietert K, Gruber AD, Kaufmann A, Michel G, Nist A, Stiewe T, Rupp O, Goesmann A, Zukunft S, Fleming I, Bein G, Lohmeyer J, Bauer S, Hackstein H. ADAR1 Is Required for Dendritic Cell Subset Homeostasis and Alveolar Macrophage Function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1099-1111. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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144
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Huang B, Luo N, Wu X, Xu Z, Wang X, Pan X. The modulatory role of low concentrations of bisphenol A on tamoxifen-induced proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:2353-2362. [PMID: 30467747 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3780-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Selective estrogen receptor modulators such as tamoxifen (TAM) significantly reduce the risks of developing estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Low concentrations (nanomolar range) of bisphenol A (BPA) shows estrogenic effects and further promotes the proliferation of hormone-dependent breast cancer cells. However, whether or not BPA can influence TAM-treatment resistance in breast cancer has not drawn much attention. In the current study, low concentrations of BPA reduced TAM-induced cytotoxicity of MCF-7 cells, which was proved by the suppression of cell apoptosis, transition of cell cycle from G1 to S phase, and upregulation of cyclin D1 and ERα. Simultaneously, the mRNA levels of estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) and its coactivators, peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and PGC-1β, were increased. However, the similar effects were not observed in MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results indicated that low concentrations of BPA decreased the sensitivity of TAM in MCF-7 cells rather than in MDA-MB-231 cells. These different actions likely involved the interaction of relative receptors and coactivators. This study provided a possible support that the exposure of BPA in environmental media may potentially induce TAM resistance to breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Nao Luo
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xinhao Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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145
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Anelli GM, Mandò C, Letizia T, Mazzocco MI, Novielli C, Lisso F, Personeni C, Vago T, Cetin I. Placental ESRRG-CYP19A1 Expressions and Circulating 17-Beta Estradiol in IUGR Pregnancies. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:154. [PMID: 31069202 PMCID: PMC6491753 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sex steroids are regulating factors for intrauterine growth. 17-β Estradiol (E2) is particularly critical to a physiological pregnancy, as increased maternal E2 was correlated to lower fetal weight at delivery. The placenta itself is a primary source of estrogens, synthetized from cholesterol precursors. Cytochrome P450 aromatase (encoded by CYP19A1 gene) is a rate-limiting enzyme for E2 biosynthesis. CYP19A1 transcription is supported by Estrogen Related-Receptor Gamma (ERRγ- ESRRG gene), which thus has an indirect role in placental steroidogenesis. Here we investigated maternal E2 levels and placental CYP19A1 and ESRRG expressions in pregnancies with IntraUterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). Methods: Singleton pregnancies were studied. E2 was measured in maternal plasma by electrochemiluminescence in 16 term controls and 11 IUGR (classified by umbilical artery doppler pulsatility index) at elective cesarean section, and also in 13 controls during pregnancy at a gestational age comparable to IUGR. CYP19A1 and ESRRG expressions were analyzed in placental tissue. Maternal/fetal characteristics, placental and molecular data were compared among study groups and tested for correlations. Results: Maternal E2 plasma concentrations were significantly decreased in IUGR compared to controls at delivery. When analyzing normal pregnancies at a gestational age similar to IUGR, E2 levels were not different to pathological cases. However, E2 levels at delivery positively correlated with placental efficiency. Placental CYP19A1 levels were significantly higher in IUGR placental tissue vs. controls, and specifically increased in female IUGR placentas. ESRRG expression was not different among groups. Discussion: We report a positive correlation between 17-β Estradiol levels and placental efficiency, that might indicate a disrupted steroidogenesis in IUGR pregnancies. Moreover, we show alterations of CYP19A1 expression in IUGR placentas, possibly indicating a compensatory effect to the adverse IUGR intrauterine environment, also depending on fetal sex. Further studies are needed to deeper investigate IUGR alterations in the complex interaction among molecules involved in placental steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Maria Anelli
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mandò
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Teresa Letizia
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Ilaria Mazzocco
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Novielli
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Lisso
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Personeni
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tarcisio Vago
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Cetin
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buzzi University Hospital, Milan, Italy
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146
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Liu G, Sun P, Dong B, Sehouli J. Key regulator of cellular metabolism, estrogen-related receptor α, a new therapeutic target in endocrine-related gynecological tumor. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:6887-6895. [PMID: 30588094 PMCID: PMC6296681 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s182466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), is an orphan transcription factor. Recently, many studies have reported its regulatory mechanisms and transcriptional targets after identification. Therefore, it may be eligible to join the rank of other nuclear receptors that control almost all aspects of cell metabolism. Cellular metabolism reprogramming plays a key role in fueling malignant change. The purpose of this review was to demonstrate that the ERRα plays an important role in the association between gynecological endocrine-related tumors and energy metabolism. Furthermore, regulation of ERRα may represent a promising strategy to induce cellular metabolic vulnerability of cancer from different origins. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of current treatment strategies may be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuiFen Liu
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China,
| | - PengMing Sun
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Gynaecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China,
| | - BinHua Dong
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology and Gynaecology, Charité/Campus Virchow-Klinikum, European Competence Centre for Ovarian Cancer University of Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
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147
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Stevens JF, Revel JS, Maier CS. Mitochondria-Centric Review of Polyphenol Bioactivity in Cancer Models. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1589-1611. [PMID: 29084444 PMCID: PMC6207154 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Humans are exposed daily to polyphenols in milligram-to-gram amounts through dietary consumption of fruits and vegetables. Polyphenols are also available as components of dietary supplements for improving general health. Although polyphenols are often advertised as antioxidants to explain health benefits, experimental evidence shows that their beneficial cancer preventing and controlling properties are more likely due to stimulation of pro-oxidant and proapoptotic pathways. Recent Advances: The understanding of the biological differences between cancer and normal cell, and especially the role that mitochondria play in carcinogenesis, has greatly advanced in recent years. These advances have resulted in a wealth of new information on polyphenol bioactivity in cell culture and animal models of cancer. Polyphenols appear to target oxidative phosphorylation and regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), glycolysis, pro-oxidant pathways, and antioxidant (adaptive) stress responses with greater selectivity in tumorigenic cells. CRITICAL ISSUES The ability of polyphenols to dissipate the MMP (Δψm) by a protonophore mechanism has been known for more than 50 years. However, researchers focus primarily on the downstream molecular effects of Δψm dissipation and mitochondrial uncoupling. We argue that the physicochemical properties of polyphenols are responsible for their anticancer properties by virtue of their protonophoric and pro-oxidant properties rather than their specific effects on downstream molecular targets. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Polyphenol-induced dissipation of Δψm is a physicochemical process that cancer cells cannot develop resistance against by gene mutation. Therefore, polyphenols should receive more attention as agents for cotherapy with cancer drugs to gain synergistic activity. Antioxid. Redox Signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F. Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Johana S. Revel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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148
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Khalturin K, Billas IML, Chebaro Y, Reitzel AM, Tarrant AM, Laudet V, Markov GV. NR3E receptors in cnidarians: A new family of steroid receptor relatives extends the possible mechanisms for ligand binding. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 184:11-19. [PMID: 29940311 PMCID: PMC6240368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormone receptors are important regulators of development and physiology in bilaterian animals, but the role of steroid signaling in cnidarians has been contentious. Cnidarians produce steroids, including A-ring aromatic steroids with a side-chain, but these are probably made through pathways different than the one used by vertebrates to make their A-ring aromatic steroids. Here we present comparative genomic analyses indicating the presence of a previously undescribed nuclear receptor family within medusozoan cnidarians, that we propose to call NR3E. This family predates the diversification of ERR/ER/SR in bilaterians, indicating that the first NR3 evolved in the common ancestor of the placozoan and cnidarian-bilaterian with lineage-specific loss in the anthozoans, even though multiple species in this lineage have been shown to produce aromatic steroids, whose function remain unclear. We discovered serendipitously that a cytoplasmic factor within epidermal cells of transgenic Hydra vulgaris can trigger the nuclear translocation of heterologously expressed human ERα. This led us to hypothesize that aromatic steroids may also be present in the medusozoan cnidarian lineage, which includes Hydra, and may explain the translocation of human ERα. Docking experiments with paraestrol A, a cnidarian A-ring aromatic steroid, into the ligand-binding pocket of Hydra NR3E indicates that, if an aromatic steroid is indeed the true ligand, which remains to be demonstrated, it would bind to the pocket through a partially distinct mechanism from the manner in which estradiol binds to vertebrate ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Khalturin
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Isabelle M L Billas
- Centre for Integrative Biology (CBI), Department of Integrated Structural Biology, IGBMC (Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology), Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yassmine Chebaro
- Centre for Integrative Biology (CBI), Department of Integrated Structural Biology, IGBMC (Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology), Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Adam M Reitzel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Ann M Tarrant
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls-sur-mer, Avenue de Fontaule, 66650 Banyuls-sur-mer, France
| | - Gabriel V Markov
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8227 Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, CS 90074, 29688 Roscoff Cedex, France.
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149
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Xu Z, Wang Y, Xiao ZG, Zou C, Zhang X, Wang Z, Wu D, Yu S, Chan FL. Nuclear receptor ERRα and transcription factor ERG form a reciprocal loop in the regulation of TMPRSS2:ERG fusion gene in prostate cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:6259-6274. [PMID: 30042415 PMCID: PMC6265259 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The TMPRSS2:ERG (T:E) fusion gene is generally believed to be mainly regulated by the activated androgen receptor (AR) signaling in androgen-dependent prostate cancer. However, its persistent expression in castration-resistant and neuroendocrine prostate cancers implies that other transcription factors might also regulate its expression. Here, we showed that up-regulation of nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) was closely associated with the oncogenic transcription factor ERG expression in prostate cancer, and their increased coexpression patterns were closely associated with high Gleason scores and metastasis in patients. Both ERRα and ERG exhibited a positive expression correlation in a castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) xenograft model VCaP-CRPC. We showed that ERRα could directly transactivate T:E fusion gene in both AR-positive and -negative prostate cancer cells via both ERR-binding element- and AR-binding element-dependent manners. Ectopic T:E expression under ERRα regulation could promote both in vitro invasion and in vivo metastasis capacities of AR-negative prostatic cells. Intriguingly, ERG expressed by the T:E fusion could also transactivate the ERRα (ESRRA) gene. Hereby, ERRα and ERG can synergistically regulate each other and form a reciprocal regulatory loop to promote the advanced growth of prostate cancer. Inhibition of ERRα activity by ERRα inverse agonist could suppress T:E expression in prostate cancer cells, implicating that targeting ERRα could be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating the aggressive T:E-positive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhan Gang Xiao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chang Zou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dinglan Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shan Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Franky Leung Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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150
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Ampawong S, Isarangkul D, Reamtong O, Aramwit P. Adaptive effect of sericin on hepatic mitochondrial conformation through its regulation of apoptosis, autophagy and energy maintenance: a proteomics approach. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14943. [PMID: 30297713 PMCID: PMC6175853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that in addition to its protective effect on pancreatic and adrenal biosynthesis, antioxidant properties of sericin decrease blood cholesterol levels and improve the liver mitochondrial architecture. However, little is known about the detailed mechanisms underlying these effects. Using proteomics and electron microscopy, we identified mitochondrial proteins that play important roles in the preservation of the mitochondrial ultrastructure and cholesterol-lowering properties of sericin. Our results showed that sericin maintains the mitochondrial architecture during conditions of high blood cholesterol by regulating apoptotic (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit) and autophagic (mitochondrial elongation factor Tu and prohibitin-2) proteins as well as energy maintenance proteins [haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase domain-containing protein 3, succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein subunit, ATP synthase-α subunit precursor, enoyl-CoA hydratase domain-containing protein 3 and electron transfer flavoprotein subunit-α]. Sericin also exerts anti-oxidative properties via aconitate hydratase and Chain A, crystal structure of rat carnitine palmitoyltrasferase 2 proteins. Together, these activities may reduce hepatocytic triglyceride deposition, thereby decreasing steatosis, as demonstrated by the modulatory effects on ornithine aminotransferase, mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, acyl-CoA synthase, hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. Sericin activity further balanced nitrogenous waste detoxification, characterised by carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia), aldehyde dehydrogenase and uricase, or folate biosynthesis via sarcosine dehydrogenase and dimethyl glycine dehydrogenase. These results suggest that sericin maintains the hepatic mitochondrial architecture through apoptotic, autophagic, energy maintenance and anti-oxidative mitochondrial proteins for alleviating hepatic steatosis and promoting liver function under conditions of hypercholesterolaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangnate Isarangkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetic, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Pornanong Aramwit
- Bioactive Resources for Innovative Clinical Applications Research Unit and Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, PhayaThai Road, Phatumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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