101
|
Alekseeva M, Myachykov A, Bermudez-Margaretto B, Shtyrov Y. Morphosyntactic prediction in automatic neural processing of spoken language: EEG evidence. Brain Res 2024; 1836:148949. [PMID: 38641266 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Automatic parsing of syntactic information by the human brain is a well-established phenomenon, but its mechanisms remain poorly understood. Its best-known neurophysiological reflection is the so-called early left-anterior negativity (ELAN) component of event-related potentials (ERPs), with two alternative hypotheses for its origin: (1) error detection, or (2) morphosyntactic prediction/priming. To test these alternatives, we conducted two experiments using a non-attend passive design with visual distraction and recorded ERPs to spoken pronoun-verb phrases with/without agreement violations and to the same critical verbs presented in isolation without preceding pronouns. The results revealed an ELAN at ∼130-220 ms for pronoun-verb gender agreement violations, confirming a high degree of automaticity in early morphosyntactic parsing. Critically, the strongest ELAN was elicited by verbs outside phrasal context, which suggests that the typical ELAN pattern is underpinned by a reduction of ERP amplitudes for felicitous combinations, reflecting syntactic priming/predictability between related words/morphemes (potentially mediated by associative links formed during previous linguistic experience) rather than specialised error-detection processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alekseeva
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | | | - Beatriz Bermudez-Margaretto
- Instituto de Integración en la Comunidad (INICO), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Yury Shtyrov
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Granato G, Baldassarre G. Bridging flexible goal-directed cognition and consciousness: The Goal-Aligning Representation Internal Manipulation theory. Neural Netw 2024; 176:106292. [PMID: 38657422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Goal-directed manipulation of internal representations is a key element of human flexible behaviour, while consciousness is commonly associated with higher-order cognition and human flexibility. Current perspectives have only partially linked these processes, thus preventing a clear understanding of how they jointly generate flexible cognition and behaviour. Moreover, these limitations prevent an effective exploitation of this knowledge for technological scopes. We propose a new theoretical perspective that extends our 'three-component theory of flexible cognition' toward higher-order cognition and consciousness, based on the systematic integration of key concepts from Cognitive Neuroscience and AI/Robotics. The theory proposes that the function of conscious processes is to support the alignment of representations with multi-level goals. This higher alignment leads to more flexible and effective behaviours. We analyse here our previous model of goal-directed flexible cognition (validated with more than 20 human populations) as a starting GARIM-inspired model. By bridging the main theories of consciousness and goal-directed behaviour, the theory has relevant implications for scientific and technological fields. In particular, it contributes to developing new experimental tasks and interpreting clinical evidence. Finally, it indicates directions for improving machine learning and robotics systems and for informing real-world applications (e.g., in digital-twin healthcare and roboethics).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Granato
- Laboratory of Embodied Natural and Artificial Intelligence, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Baldassarre
- Laboratory of Embodied Natural and Artificial Intelligence, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Andersson M, Hadi L, Dellenmark Blom M, Sillen U, Sjöström S, Arnell MVM, Abrahamsson K. Mortality rates, cause and risk factors in people with spina bifida, register-based study over five decades. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:1916-1926. [PMID: 38775408 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
AIM Care for people with spina bifida can be improved. This may be done by evaluating mortality rates and causes of death. METHODS Between 1973 and 2021, 1735 people with spina bifida appeared in registers of the Swedish population. Survival rates and causes of death were calculated according to age and decade. RESULTS Over almost 50 years, the prevalence of spina bifida decreased from 5.2 to 1.2 per 10 000 births. Mortality fell sharply during the first year of life, with survival rising from 75% to 94%. For children aged 2-18 years and adults, mortality rates were low and differences between decades were minimal. Causes of childhood deaths were congenital abnormalities, hydrocephalus and infections, the latter two also in adults. Adult causes also included self-inflicted injuries and substance abuse, with suicidal or unclear intent, both more common than in the general population. Bladder malignancies were also more frequent, although after reconstructive bladder surgery, mortality rates were similar. CONCLUSION Survival in the first year of life increased in children with spina bifida, whereas there was no difference in survival rates between adults born between 1973 and 1999. For adults, proactive prevention methods regarding self-inflicted injury, substance abuse and bladder cancer are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Andersson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Uronephrology Center, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, ERN eUROGEN accredited Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lana Hadi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Uronephrology Center, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, ERN eUROGEN accredited Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michaela Dellenmark Blom
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Uronephrology Center, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, ERN eUROGEN accredited Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulla Sillen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Uronephrology Center, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, ERN eUROGEN accredited Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Sjöström
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Uronephrology Center, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, ERN eUROGEN accredited Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Vu Minh Arnell
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Uronephrology Center, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, ERN eUROGEN accredited Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kate Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Uronephrology Center, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, ERN eUROGEN accredited Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Cvekl A, Vijg J. Aging of the eye: Lessons from cataracts and age-related macular degeneration. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102407. [PMID: 38977082 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for chronic human diseases, including many eye diseases. Geroscience aims to understand the effects of the aging process on these diseases, including the genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms that underlie the increased risk of disease over the lifetime. Understanding of the aging eye increases general knowledge of the cellular physiology impacted by aging processes at various biological extremes. Two major diseases, age-related cataract and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are caused by dysfunction of the lens and retina, respectively. Lens transparency and light refraction are mediated by lens fiber cells lacking nuclei and other organelles, which provides a unique opportunity to study a single aging hallmark, i.e., loss of proteostasis, within an environment of limited metabolism. In AMD, local dysfunction of the photoreceptors/retinal pigmented epithelium/Bruch's membrane/choriocapillaris complex in the macula leads to the loss of photoreceptors and eventually loss of central vision, and is driven by nearly all the hallmarks of aging and shares features with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The aging eye can function as a model for studying basic mechanisms of aging and, vice versa, well-defined hallmarks of aging can be used as tools to understand age-related eye disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ales Cvekl
- Departments of Genetics and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Jan Vijg
- Departments of Genetics and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Quintana DS, Glaser BD, Kang H, Kildal ESM, Audunsdottir K, Sartorius AM, Barth C. The interplay of oxytocin and sex hormones. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105765. [PMID: 38885888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin has historically been associated with reproduction and maternal behavior. However, more recent research has uncovered that oxytocin has a much wider range of roles in physiology and behavior. Despite the excitement surrounding potential therapeutical applications of intranasally administered oxytocin, the results of these intervention studies have been inconsistent. Various reasons for these mixed results have been proposed, which tend to focus on methodological issues, such as study design. While methodological issues are certainly important, emerging evidence suggests that the interaction between oxytocin and sex hormones may also account for these varied findings. To better understand the purpose and function of the interaction of oxytocin with sex hormones, with a focus on estrogens, progesterone, and testosterone, we conducted a comprehensive thematic review via four perspectives: evolutionary, developmental, mechanistic, and survival. Altogether, this synergistic approach highlights the critical function of sex hormone activity for accomplishing the diverse roles of oxytocin via the modulation of oxytocin release and oxytocin receptor activity, which is also likely to contribute to the heterogeneity of outcomes after oxytocin administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Quintana
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bernt D Glaser
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emilie S M Kildal
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry, Lovisenberg Diakonale Sykehus, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Audunsdottir
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Claudia Barth
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Strigo IA, Craig ADB, Simmons AN. Expectation of pain and relief: A dynamical model of the neural basis for pain-trauma co-morbidity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105750. [PMID: 38849067 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is highly co-morbid with chronic pain conditions. When present, PTSD significantly worsens chronic pain outcomes. Likewise, pain contributes to a more severe PTSD as evidenced by greater disability, more frequent use of harmful opioid analgesics and increased pain severity. The biomechanism behind this comorbidity is incompletely understood, however recent work strongly supports the widely-accepted role of expectation, in the entanglement of chronic pain and trauma symptoms. This work has shown that those with trauma have a maladaptive brain response while expecting stress and pain, whereas those with chronic pain may have a notable impairment in brain response while expecting pain relief. This dynamical expectation model of the interaction between neural systems underlying expectation of pain onset (traumatic stress) and pain offset (chronic pain) is biologically viable and may provide a biomechanistic insight into pain-trauma comorbidity. These predictive mechanisms work through interoceptive pathways in the brain critically the insula cortex. Here we highlight how the neural expectation-related mechanisms augment the existing models of pain and trauma to better understand the dynamics of pain and trauma comorbidity. These ideas will point to targeted complementary clinical approaches, based on mechanistically separable neural biophenotypes for the entanglement of chronic pain and trauma symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Strigo
- Emotion and Pain Laboratory, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care Center, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | | | - Alan N Simmons
- Center of Excellence in Stress and Mental Health, San Diego Veterans Affairs Health Care Center, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Stress and Neuroimaging Laboratory, San Diego Veterans Affairs Health Care Center, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, MC 151-B, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Dodwell G, Nako R, Eimer M. A new method for tracking the preparatory activation of target templates for visual search with high temporal precision. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14582. [PMID: 38641955 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Efficiently selecting task-relevant objects during visual search depends on foreknowledge of their defining characteristics, which are represented within attentional templates. These templates bias attentional processing toward template-matching sensory signals and are assumed to become anticipatorily activated prior to search display onset. However, a direct neural signal for such preparatory template activation processes has so far remained elusive. Here, we introduce a new high-definition rapid serial probe presentation paradigm (RSPP-HD), which facilitates high temporal resolution tracking of target template activation processes in real time via monitoring of the N2pc component. In the RSPP-HD procedure, task-irrelevant probe displays are presented in rapid succession throughout the period between task-relevant search displays. The probe and search displays are homologously formed by lateralized "clouds" of colored dots, yielding probes that occur at task-relevant locations without confounding template-guided and salience-driven attentional shifts. Target color probes appearing at times when a corresponding target template is active should attract attention, thereby eliciting an N2pc. In a condition where new probe displays appeared every 50 ms, probe N2pcs were reliably elicited during the final 800 ms prior to search display onset, increasing in amplitude toward the end of this preparation period. Analogous temporal profiles were also observed with longer intervals between probes. These findings show that search template activation processes are transient and that their temporal profile can be reliably monitored at high-sampling frequencies with the RSPP-HD paradigm. This procedure offers a new route to approach various questions regarding the content and temporal dynamics of attentional control processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Dodwell
- School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Nako
- School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Martin Eimer
- School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Simonelli F, Handjaras G, Benuzzi F, Bernardi G, Leo A, Duzzi D, Cecchetti L, Nichelli PF, Porro CA, Pietrini P, Ricciardi E, Lui F. Sensitivity and specificity of the action observation network to kinematics, target object, and gesture meaning. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26762. [PMID: 39037079 PMCID: PMC11261593 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hierarchical models have been proposed to explain how the brain encodes actions, whereby different areas represent different features, such as gesture kinematics, target object, action goal, and meaning. The visual processing of action-related information is distributed over a well-known network of brain regions spanning separate anatomical areas, attuned to specific stimulus properties, and referred to as action observation network (AON). To determine the brain organization of these features, we measured representational geometries during the observation of a large set of transitive and intransitive gestures in two independent functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments. We provided evidence for a partial dissociation between kinematics, object characteristics, and action meaning in the occipito-parietal, ventro-temporal, and lateral occipito-temporal cortex, respectively. Importantly, most of the AON showed low specificity to all the explored features, and representational spaces sharing similar information content were spread across the cortex without being anatomically adjacent. Overall, our results support the notion that the AON relies on overlapping and distributed coding and may act as a unique representational space instead of mapping features in a modular and segregated manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesca Benuzzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences and Center for Neuroscience and NeurotechnologyUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | | | - Andrea Leo
- IMT School for Advanced Studies LuccaLuccaItaly
| | - Davide Duzzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences and Center for Neuroscience and NeurotechnologyUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | | | - Paolo F. Nichelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences and Center for Neuroscience and NeurotechnologyUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | - Carlo A. Porro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences and Center for Neuroscience and NeurotechnologyUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | | | | | - Fausta Lui
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences and Center for Neuroscience and NeurotechnologyUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Kang EYC, Chong YJ, Chen KJ, Chou HD, Liu L, Hwang YS, Lai CC, Wu WC. A comparative study of stereopsis in term and preterm children with and without retinopathy of prematurity. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:2685-2694. [PMID: 38507045 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate stereopsis in term-born, preterm, and preterm children with and without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and its treatment. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 322 children between 3 and 11 years of age born term or preterm, with or without ROP, and with or without treatment for ROP. The ROP treatments were laser therapy, intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, or their combination. Stereoacuity was measured using the Titmus Stereo Test, and the results among various age groups were analyzed. RESULTS Stereopsis was found to improve with increasing age at testing (P < 0.001) across the entire study population. The term group exhibited significantly better stereoacuity than the preterm group (P < 0.001). At 3-5 years and 6-8 years, the preterm children without ROP exhibited significantly better stereoacuity than did those with ROP (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively); however, at 9-11 years, both groups exhibited similar stereoacuity (P = 0.34). The stereoacuity in the children with untreated ROP was similar to that of the children with treated ROP in all age groups (P > 0.05). No significant differences in stereopsis were identified between children with ROP treated with laser versus with IVI (P > 0.05). From multivariate analysis, younger age at testing (P = 0.001) and younger gestational age (P < 0.001) were associated with poorer stereopsis. CONCLUSIONS Stereopsis development gradually improved with age in all groups. The children born preterm exhibited poorer stereoacuity than those born term. Children with ROP treated with laser photocoagulation versus IVI may exhibit similar levels of stereoacuity. Younger age at testing and gestational age were independent risk factors for poorer stereoacuity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jiun Chong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Penang General Hospital, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Da Chou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Laura Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Kadowaki M, Sugiyama K, Nozaki T, Yamasaki T, Namba H, Shimizu M, Kurozumi K. Scalp Nerve Block Alleviates Headaches Associated With Sonication During Transcranial Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound. Neurosurgery 2024; 95:447-455. [PMID: 38687082 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) procedures, headache is a frequent symptom and cause of treatment discontinuation. Herein, we assessed the efficacy of scalp nerve block (SNB) for alleviating headache during MRgFUS procedures. METHODS The effect of SNB on intraprocedural headache was examined by retrospectively comparing 2 patient cohorts at a single institution. During the study period from April 2020 to February 2022, an SNB protocol for all patients with a skull density ratio ≤0.55 was instituted on October 6, 2021. The number of patients with a skull density ratio ≤0.55 was 34 before the protocol and 36 afterward. Headache intensity was evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS) after each sonication. To evaluate the effect of SNB on headache intensity, multiple regression analysis was performed per patient and per sonication. In the per-patient analysis, the effect of SNB was evaluated using the maximum NRS, mean NRS, and NRS at the first ultrasound exposure that reached 52.5°C. In the per-sonication analysis, the effect of SNB was evaluated not only for the entire sonication but also for sonications classified into ≤9999 J, 10 000 to 29 999 J, and ≥30 000 J energy doses. RESULTS With SNB, headache alleviation was observed in the NRS after the first sonication that reached 52.5°C in each patient (β = -2.40, 95% CI -4.05 to -0.758, P = .00499), in the NRS when all sonications were evaluated (β = -0.647, 95% CI -1.19 to -0.106, P = .0201), and in the NRS when all sonications were classified into 10 000 to 29 999 J (β = -1.83, 95% CI -3.17 to -0.485, P = .00889). CONCLUSION SNB significantly reduced headache intensity during MRgFUS, especially that caused by sonication with a moderate-energy dose. These findings suggest that scalp nerves play a role in headache mechanisms during MRgFUS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kadowaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Kenji Sugiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyoda Eisei Hospital, Iwata , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Takao Nozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Hiroki Namba
- Department of Neurosurgery, JA Shizuoka Kohseiren Enshu Hospital, Hamamatsu , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Mikihiro Shimizu
- Center for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University Hospital, Hamamatsu , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kurozumi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu , Shizuoka , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Isaacs JE, Drinane JJ. Nerve Allografts: Current Utility and Future Directions. Hand Clin 2024; 40:357-367. [PMID: 38972680 DOI: 10.1016/j.hcl.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Processed nerve allograft is a widely accepted tool for reconstructing peripheral nerve defects. Repair parameters that need to be considered include gap length, nerve diameter, nerve type (motor, sensory, or mixed), and the soft tissue envelope. Although the use of processed nerve allograft must be considered based on each unique clinical scenario, a rough algorithm can be formed based on the available animal and clinical literature. This article critically reviews the current surgical algorithm, defines the role of processed nerve allograft compared with nerve autograft, and discusses how this role may change in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Isaacs
- Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - James J Drinane
- Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Hayashi K, Lesnak JB, Plumb AN, Janowski AJ, Smith AF, Hill JK, Sluka KA. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor contributes to activity-induced muscle pain in male but not female mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:471-487. [PMID: 38925417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Activity-induced muscle pain increases interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release from muscle macrophages and the development of hyperalgesia is prevented by blockade of IL-1β in muscle. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is released from sensory neurons in response to IL-1β and mediates both inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Thus, we hypothesize that in activity-induced pain, fatigue metabolites combined with IL-1β activate sensory neurons to increase BDNF release, peripherally in muscle and centrally in the spinal dorsal horn, to produce hyperalgesia. We tested the effect of intrathecal or intramuscular injection of BDNF-Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) inhibitors, ANA-12 or TrkB-Fc, on development of activity-induced pain. Both inhibitors prevented the hyperalgesia when given before or 24hr after induction of the model in male but not female mice. BDNF messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein were significantly increased in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) 24hr after induction of the model in both male and female mice. Blockade of IL-1β in muscle had no effect on the increased BNDF mRNA observed in the activity-induced pain model, while IL-1β applied to cultured DRG significantly induced BDNF expression, suggesting IL-1β is sufficient but not necessary to induce BNDF. Thus, fatigue metabolites, combined with IL-1β, upregulate BDNF in primary DRG neurons in both male and female mice, but contribute to activity-induced pain only in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Joseph B Lesnak
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ashley N Plumb
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adam J Janowski
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Angela F Smith
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joslyn K Hill
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kathleen A Sluka
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Nicholas J, Amlang C, Lin CYR, Montaser-Kouhsari L, Desai N, Pan MK, Kuo SH, Shohamy D. The Role of the Cerebellum in Learning to Predict Reward: Evidence from Cerebellar Ataxia. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:1355-1368. [PMID: 38066397 PMCID: PMC11161554 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Recent findings in animals have challenged the traditional view of the cerebellum solely as the site of motor control, suggesting that the cerebellum may also be important for learning to predict reward from trial-and-error feedback. Yet, evidence for the role of the cerebellum in reward learning in humans is lacking. Moreover, open questions remain about which specific aspects of reward learning the cerebellum may contribute to. Here we address this gap through an investigation of multiple forms of reward learning in individuals with cerebellum dysfunction, represented by cerebellar ataxia cases. Nineteen participants with cerebellar ataxia and 57 age- and sex-matched healthy controls completed two separate tasks that required learning about reward contingencies from trial-and-error. To probe the selectivity of reward learning processes, the tasks differed in their underlying structure: while one task measured incremental reward learning ability alone, the other allowed participants to use an alternative learning strategy based on episodic memory alongside incremental reward learning. We found that individuals with cerebellar ataxia were profoundly impaired at reward learning from trial-and-error feedback on both tasks, but retained the ability to learn to predict reward based on episodic memory. These findings provide evidence from humans for a specific and necessary role for the cerebellum in incremental learning of reward associations based on reinforcement. More broadly, the findings suggest that alongside its role in motor learning, the cerebellum likely operates in concert with the basal ganglia to support reinforcement learning from reward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Nicholas
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, Quad 3D, 3227 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Christian Amlang
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W. 168th St, Rm 305, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Initiative for Columbia Ataxia and Tremor, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chi-Ying R Lin
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Natasha Desai
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W. 168th St, Rm 305, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Initiative for Columbia Ataxia and Tremor, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ming-Kai Pan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, 100, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 100, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cerebellar Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 W. 168th St, Rm 305, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Initiative for Columbia Ataxia and Tremor, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Daphna Shohamy
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, Quad 3D, 3227 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
- Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Jeyarajan G, Ayaz A, Herold F, Zou L, Heath M. A single bout of aerobic exercise does not alter inhibitory control preparatory set cerebral hemodynamics: Evidence from the antisaccade task. Brain Cogn 2024; 179:106182. [PMID: 38824809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
A single bout of exercise improves executive function (EF) and is a benefit - in part -attributed to an exercise-mediated increase in cerebral blood flow enhancing neural efficiency. Limited work has used an event-related protocol to examine postexercise changes in preparatory phase cerebral hemodynamics for an EF task. This is salient given the neural efficiency hypothesis' assertion that improved EF is related to decreased brain activity. Here, event-related transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to measure pro- (saccade to target) and antisaccades (saccade mirror-symmetrical target) preparatory phase middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) prior to and immediately after 15-min of aerobic exercise. Antisaccades produced longer reaction times (RT) and an increased preparatory phase MCAv than prosaccades - a result attributed to greater EF neural activity for antisaccades. Antisaccades selectively produced a postexercise RT reduction (ps < 0.01); however, antisaccade preparatory phase MCAv did not vary from pre- to postexercise (p=0.53) and did not correlate with the antisaccade RT benefit (p = 0.31). Accordingly, results provide no evidence that improved neural efficiency indexed via functional hyperemia is linked to a postexercise EF behavioural benefit. Instead, results support an evolving view that an EF benefit represents the additive interplay between interdependent exercise-mediated neurophysiological changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Jeyarajan
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Azar Ayaz
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Fabian Herold
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Matthew Heath
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Ruiz-Rubio S, Ortiz-Leal I, Torres MV, Somoano A, Sanchez-Quinteiro P. Do fossorial water voles have a functional vomeronasal organ? A histological and immunohistochemical study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:2912-2932. [PMID: 38112130 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The fossorial water vole, Arvicola scherman, is an herbivorous rodent that causes significant agricultural damages. The application of cairomones and alarm pheromones emerges as a promising sustainable method to improve its integrated management. These chemical signals would induce stress responses that could interfere with the species regular reproductive cycles and induce aversive reactions, steering them away from farmlands and meadows. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the water vole vomeronasal system, both in its morphological foundations and its functionality, making it imperative to understand the same for the application of chemical communication in pest control. This study fills the existing gaps in knowledge through a morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of the fossorial water vole vomeronasal organ. The study is primarily microscopic, employing two approaches: histological, using serial sections stained with various dyes (hematoxylin-eosin, Periodic acid-Schiff, Alcian blue, Nissl), and immunohistochemical, applying various markers that provide morphofunctional and structural information. These procedures have confirmed the presence of a functional vomeronasal system in fossorial water voles, characterized by a high degree of differentiation and a significant expression of cellular markers indicative of active chemical communication in this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ruiz-Rubio
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Irene Ortiz-Leal
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Mateo V Torres
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Aitor Somoano
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Pablo Sanchez-Quinteiro
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Vanlinthout LE, Driessen JJ, Stolker RJ, Lesaffre EM, Berghmans JM, Staals LM. Spontaneous recovery from neuromuscular block after a single dose of a muscle relaxant in pediatric patients: A systematic review using a network meta-analytic and meta-regression approach. Paediatr Anaesth 2024; 34:720-733. [PMID: 38676354 DOI: 10.1111/pan.14908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) and the short duration of many surgical procedures put pediatric patients at risk of postoperative residual curarization (PORC). To date, the duration of neuromuscular blocking agent effect in children has not been analyzed in a quantitative review. The current meta-analysis aimed to compare spontaneous recovery following administration of various types and doses of neuromuscular blocking agents and to quantify the effect of prognostic variables associated with the recovery time in pediatric patients. METHOD We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) that compared the time to 25% T1 (t25), from 25% to 75% T1 (RI25-75), and to ≥90% train-of-four (tTOF90) neuromuscular recovery between common neuromuscular blocking agent treatments administered as a single bolus to healthy pediatric participants. We compared spontaneous t25, RI25-75, and tTOF90 between (1) neuromuscular blocking agent treatments and (2) age groups receiving a given neuromuscular blocking agent intervention and anesthesia technique. Bayesian random-effects network and pairwise meta-analyses along with meta-regression were used to evaluate the results. RESULTS We used data from 71 randomized controlled trials/controlled clinical trials including 4319 participants. Network meta-analysis allowed for the juxtaposition and ranking of spontaneous t25, RI25-75, and tTOF90 following common neuromuscular blocking agent interventions. For all neuromuscular blocking agents a log-linear relationship between dose and duration of action was found. With the neuromuscular blocking agent treatments studied, the average tTOF90 (mean[CrI95]) in children (>2-11 y) was 41.96 [14.35, 69.50] and 17.06 [5.99, 28.30] min shorter than in neonates (<28 d) and infants (28 d-12 M), respectively. We found a negative log-linear correlation between age and duration of neuromuscular blocking agent effect. The difference in the tTOF90 (mean[CrI95]) between children and other age groups increased by 21.66 [8.82, 34.53] min with the use of aminosteroid neuromuscular blocking agents and by 24.73 [7.92, 41.43] min with the addition of sevoflurane/isoflurane for anesthesia maintenance. CONCLUSIONS The times to neuromuscular recovery are highly variable. These can decrease significantly with age and are prolonged when volatile anesthetics are administered. This variability, combined with the short duration of many pediatric surgical procedures, makes quantitative neuromuscular monitoring mandatory even after a single dose of neuromuscular blocking agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luc E Vanlinthout
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques J Driessen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Jan Stolker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel M Lesaffre
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics, Universities of Leuven-Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Johan M Berghmans
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lonneke M Staals
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Gao J, Li H, Lv H, Cheng X. Mutation of TRPML1 Channel and Pathogenesis of Neurodegeneration in Haimeria. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4992-5001. [PMID: 38157120 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, a group of debilitating disorders, have garnered increasing attention due to their escalating prevalence, particularly among aging populations. Alzheimer's disease (AD) reigns as a prominent exemplar within this category, distinguished by its relentless progression of cognitive impairment and the accumulation of aberrant protein aggregates within the intricate landscape of the brain. While the intricate pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has been the subject of extensive investigation, recent scientific inquiry has unveiled a novel player in this complex scenario-transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) channels. This comprehensive review embarks on an exploration of the intricate interplay between TRPML1 channels and neurodegenerative diseases, with an explicit spotlight on Alzheimer's disease. It immerses itself in the intricate molecular mechanisms governing TRPML1 channel functionality and elucidates their profound implications for the well-being of neurons. Furthermore, the review ventures into the realm of therapeutic potential, pondering the possibilities and challenges associated with targeting TRPML1 channels as a promising avenue for the amelioration of neurodegenerative disorders. As we traverse this multifaceted terrain of neurodegeneration and the enigmatic role of TRPML1 channels, we embark on a journey that not only broadens our understanding of the intricate machinery governing neuronal health but also holds promise for the development of innovative therapeutic interventions in the relentless battle against neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Gao
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Hua Lv
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Xiansong Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710068, China.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Cattaneo A, Begni V, Zonca V, Riva MA. Early life adversities, psychopathologies and novel pharmacological strategies. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 260:108686. [PMID: 38969307 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to adversities during early life stages (early life adversities - ELA), ranging from pregnancy to adolescence, represents a major risk factor for the vulnerability to mental disorders. Hence, it is important to understand the molecular and functional underpinning of such relationship, in order to develop strategies aimed at reducing the psychopathologic burden associated with ELA, which may eventually lead to a significant improvement in clinical practice. In this review, we will initially recapitulate clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the link between ELA and psychopathology and we will primarily discuss the main biological mechanisms that have been described as potential mediators of the effects of ELA on the psychopathologic risk, including the role for genetic factors as well as sex differences. The knowledge emerging from these studies may be instrumental for the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed not only at correcting the deficits that emerge from ELA exposure, but also in preventing the manifestation of a full-blown psychopathologic condition. With this respect, we will specifically focus on adolescence as a key time frame for disease onset as well as for early therapeutic intervention. We believe that incorporating clinical and preclinical research data in the context of early life adversities can be instrumental to elucidate the mechanisms contributing to the risk for psychopathology or that may promote resilience. This will ultimately allow the identification of 'at risk' individuals who may benefit from specific forms of interventions that, by interfering with disease trajectories, could result in more benign clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Cattaneo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Veronica Begni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Zonca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco A Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Berlijn AM, Huvermann DM, Schneider S, Bellebaum C, Timmann D, Minnerop M, Peterburs J. The Role of the Human Cerebellum for Learning from and Processing of External Feedback in Non-Motor Learning: A Systematic Review. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:1532-1551. [PMID: 38379034 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-024-01669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
This review aimed to systematically identify and comprehensively review the role of the cerebellum in performance monitoring, focusing on learning from and on processing of external feedback in non-motor learning. While 1078 articles were screened for eligibility, ultimately 36 studies were included in which external feedback was delivered in cognitive tasks and which referenced the cerebellum. These included studies in patient populations with cerebellar damage and studies in healthy subjects applying neuroimaging. Learning performance in patients with different cerebellar diseases was heterogeneous, with only about half of all patients showing alterations. One patient study using EEG demonstrated that damage to the cerebellum was associated with altered neural processing of external feedback. Studies assessing brain activity with task-based fMRI or PET and one resting-state functional imaging study that investigated connectivity changes following feedback-based learning in healthy participants revealed involvement particularly of lateral and posterior cerebellar regions in processing of and learning from external feedback. Cerebellar involvement was found at different stages, e.g., during feedback anticipation and following the onset of the feedback stimuli, substantiating the cerebellum's relevance for different aspects of performance monitoring such as feedback prediction. Future research will need to further elucidate precisely how, where, and when the cerebellum modulates the prediction and processing of external feedback information, which cerebellar subregions are particularly relevant, and to what extent cerebellar diseases alter these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Berlijn
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Dana M Huvermann
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational and Behavioral Neurosciences (C-TNBS), Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra Schneider
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Bellebaum
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dagmar Timmann
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational and Behavioral Neurosciences (C-TNBS), Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martina Minnerop
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation, Medical Faculty & Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jutta Peterburs
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Department of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Ma YZ, Zhang YS, Cao JX, Chen HC, Su XM, Li B, Kang YT, Gao LP, Jing YH. Aberration of social behavior and gut microbiota induced by cross-fostering implicating the gut-brain axis. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:499-512. [PMID: 38944162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and neurological development of neonatal mice are susceptible to environmental factors that may lead to altered behavior into adulthood. However, the role that changed gut microbiota and neurodevelopment early in life play in this needs to be clarified. In this study, by modeling early-life environmental changes by cross-fostering BALB/c mice, we revealed the effects of the environment during the critical period of postnatal development on adult social behavior and their relationship with the gut microbiota and the nervous system. The neural projections exist between the ascending colon and oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular nuclei (PVN), peripheral oxytocin levels and PVN neuron numbers decreased after cross-fostering, and sex-specific alteration in gut microbiota and its metabolites may be involved in social impairments and immune imbalances brought by cross-fostering via the gut-brain axis. Our findings also suggest that social cognitive impairment may result from a combination of PVN oxytocinergic neurons, gut microbiota, and metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Zhang Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Shu Zhang
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xin Cao
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Chao Chen
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Su
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ting Kang
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Hong Jing
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Nusslock R, Kogan SM, Yu T, Armstrong CC, Chen E, Miller GE, Brody GH, Sweet LH. Higher substance use is associated with low executive control neural activity and higher inflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:532-542. [PMID: 38925415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals with substance use problems show lower executive control and alterations in prefrontal brain systems supporting emotion regulation and impulse control. A separate literature suggests that heightened inflammation also increases risk for substance use, in part, through targeting brain systems involved in executive control. Research on neural and inflammatory signaling in substance use, however, has occurred in parallel. Drawing on recent neuroimmune network models, we used fMRI to examine the relationships between executive control-related brain activity (as elicited by an n-back working memory task), peripheral inflammation, as quantified by inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP), and substance use for the past month in 93 participants [mean age = 24.4 (SD = 0.6)]. We operationalized low executive control as a neural inefficiency during the n-back task to achieve normative performance, as reflected in higher working memory-related brain activity and lower activity in the default mode network (DMN). Consistent with prediction, individuals with low executive control and high inflammation reported more substance use over the past month, controlling for behavioral performance on the n-back, sex, time between assessments, body-mass-index (BMI), and personal socioeconomic status (SES) (interaction between inflammation and working memory-related brain activity, b = 0.210, p = 0.005; interaction between inflammation and DMN, b = -0.219, p < 0.001). Findings suggest that low executive control and high inflammation may be associated with higher substance use. This has implications for understanding psychological, neural, and immunological risk for substance use problems and the development of interventions to target each of these components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, USA; Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, USA.
| | | | - Tianyi Yu
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, USA
| | | | - Edith Chen
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, USA; Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Gregory E Miller
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, USA; Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Gene H Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
122
|
Huang W, Cano JC, Fénelon K. Deciphering the role of brainstem glycinergic neurons during startle and prepulse inhibition. Brain Res 2024; 1836:148938. [PMID: 38615924 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the auditory startle response, a key measure of sensorimotor gating, diminishes with age and is impaired in various neurological conditions. While PPI deficits are often associated with cognitive impairments, their reversal is routinely used in experimental systems for antipsychotic drug screening. Yet, the cellular and circuit-level mechanisms of PPI remain unclear, even under non-pathological conditions. We recently showed that brainstem neurons located in the caudal pontine reticular nucleus (PnC) expressing the glycine transporter type 2 (GlyT2±) receive inputs from the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and contribute to PPI but via an uncharted pathway. Here, using tract-tracing, immunohistochemistry and in vitro optogenetic manipulations coupled to field electrophysiological recordings, we reveal the neuroanatomical distribution of GlyT2± PnC neurons and PnC-projecting CeA glutamatergic neurons and we provide mechanistic insights on how these glutamatergic inputs suppress auditory neurotransmission in PnC sections. Additionally, in vivo experiments using GlyT2-Cre mice confirm that optogenetic activation of GlyT2± PnC neurons enhances PPI and is sufficient to induce PPI in young mice, emphasizing their role. However, in older mice, PPI decline is not further influenced by inhibiting GlyT2± neurons. This study highlights the importance of GlyT2± PnC neurons in PPI and underscores their diminished activity in age-related PPI decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanyun Huang
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Life Science Laboratories, 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Jose C Cano
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79912, USA
| | - Karine Fénelon
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Life Science Laboratories, 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Leavy A, Phelan J, Jimenez-Mateos EM. Contribution of microglia to the epileptiform activity that results from neonatal hypoxia. Neuropharmacology 2024; 253:109968. [PMID: 38692453 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Microglia are described as the immune cells of the brain, their immune properties have been extensively studied since first described, however, their neural functions have only been explored over the last decade. Microglia have an important role in maintaining homeostasis in the central nervous system by surveying their surroundings to detect pathogens or damage cells. While these are the classical functions described for microglia, more recently their neural functions have been defined; they are critical to the maturation of neurons during embryonic and postnatal development, phagocytic microglia remove excess synapses during development, a process called synaptic pruning, which is important to overall neural maturation. Furthermore, microglia can respond to neuronal activity and, together with astrocytes, can regulate neural activity, contributing to the equilibrium between excitation and inhibition through a feedback loop. Hypoxia at birth is a serious neurological condition that disrupts normal brain function resulting in seizures and epilepsy later in life. Evidence has shown that microglia may contribute to this hyperexcitability after neonatal hypoxia. This review will summarize the existing data on the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of neonatal hypoxia and the plausible mechanisms that contribute to the development of hyperexcitability after hypoxia in neonates. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Microglia".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Leavy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jessie Phelan
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eva M Jimenez-Mateos
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Yusuf PA, Hubka P, Konerding W, Land R, Tillein J, Kral A. Congenital deafness reduces alpha-gamma cross-frequency coupling in the auditory cortex. Hear Res 2024; 449:109032. [PMID: 38797035 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.109032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Neurons within a neuronal network can be grouped by bottom-up and top-down influences using synchrony in neuronal oscillations. This creates the representation of perceptual objects from sensory features. Oscillatory activity can be differentiated into stimulus-phase-locked (evoked) and non-phase-locked (induced). The former is mainly determined by sensory input, the latter by higher-level (cortical) processing. Effects of auditory deprivation on cortical oscillations have been studied in congenitally deaf cats (CDCs) using cochlear implant (CI) stimulation. CI-induced alpha, beta, and gamma activity were compromised in the auditory cortex of CDCs. Furthermore, top-down information flow between secondary and primary auditory areas in hearing cats, conveyed by induced alpha oscillations, was lost in CDCs. Here we used the matching pursuit algorithm to assess components of such oscillatory activity in local field potentials recorded in primary field A1. Additionally to the loss of induced alpha oscillations, we also found a loss of evoked theta activity in CDCs. The loss of theta and alpha activity in CDCs can be directly related to reduced high-frequency (gamma-band) activity due to cross-frequency coupling. Here we quantified such cross-frequency coupling in adult 1) hearing-experienced, acoustically stimulated cats (aHCs), 2) hearing-experienced cats following acute pharmacological deafening and subsequent CIs, thus in electrically stimulated cats (eHCs), and 3) electrically stimulated CDCs. We found significant cross-frequency coupling in all animal groups in > 70% of auditory-responsive sites. The predominant coupling in aHCs and eHCs was between theta/alpha phase and gamma power. In CDCs such coupling was lost and replaced by alpha oscillations coupling to delta/theta phase. Thus, alpha/theta oscillations synchronize high-frequency gamma activity only in hearing-experienced cats. The absence of induced alpha and theta oscillations contributes to the loss of induced gamma power in CDCs, thereby signifying impaired local network activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasandhya A Yusuf
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology of the ENT Clinics, Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics / Medical Technology IMERI, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Peter Hubka
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology of the ENT Clinics, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wiebke Konerding
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology of the ENT Clinics, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Land
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology of the ENT Clinics, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Tillein
- J.W. Goethe University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andrej Kral
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology of the ENT Clinics, Hannover, Germany; Australian Hearing Hub, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Briley PM, Webster L, Boutry C, Oh H, Auer DP, Liddle PF, Morriss R. Magnetic resonance imaging connectivity features associated with response to transcranial magnetic stimulation in major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 342:111846. [PMID: 38908353 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an FDA-approved neuromodulation treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), thought to work by altering dysfunctional brain connectivity pathways, or by indirectly modulating the activity of subcortical brain regions. Clinical response to TMS remains highly variable, highlighting the need for baseline predictors of response and for understanding brain changes associated with response. This systematic review examined brain connectivity features, and changes in connectivity features, associated with clinical improvement following TMS in MDD. Forty-one studies met inclusion criteria, including 1097 people with MDD. Most studies delivered one of two types of TMS to left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and measured connectivity using resting-state functional MRI. The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex was the most well-studied brain region, particularly its connectivity with the TMS target or with the "executive control network" of brain regions. There was marked heterogeneity in findings. There is a need for greater understanding of how cortical TMS modulates connectivity with, and the activity of, subcortical regions, and how these effects change within and across treatment sessions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Briley
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Nottingham National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Mental Health, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - L Webster
- Nottingham National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Mental Health, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - C Boutry
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Mental Health, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - H Oh
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Nottingham National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - D P Auer
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Nottingham National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - P F Liddle
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Mental Health, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Morriss
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Nottingham National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Mental Health, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; NIHR Mental Health (MindTech) Health Technology Collaboration, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Wyndaele M, Charrua A, Hervé F, Aronsson P, Grundy L, Khullar V, Wein A, Abrams P, Cruz F, Cruz CD. Beyond the urothelium: Interplay between autonomic nervous system and bladder inflammation in urinary tract infection, bladder pain syndrome with interstitial cystitis and neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction in spinal cord injury-ICI-RS 2023. Neurourol Urodyn 2024; 43:1283-1292. [PMID: 37876314 DOI: 10.1002/nau.25310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation and neuronal hypersensitivity are reactive protective mechanisms after urothelial injury. In lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTD), such as urinary tract infection (UTI), bladder pain syndrome with interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) and neurogenic LUTD after spinal cord injury (SCI), chronic inflammation can develop. It is unclear how the protective reactionary inflammation escalates into chronic disease in some patients. METHODS During its 2023 meeting in Bristol, the International Consultation on Incontinence-Research Society (ICI-RS) reviewed the urothelial and inflammatory changes after UTI, BPS/IC and SCI. Potential factors contributing to the evolution into chronic disease were explored in a think-tank. RESULTS Five topics were discussed. (1) Visceral fat metabolism participates in the systemic pro-inflammatory effect of noradrenalin in BPS/IC and SCI. Sympathetic nervous system-adipocyte-bladder crosstalk needs further investigation. (2) Sympathetic hyperactivity also potentiates immune depression in SCI and needs to be investigated in BPS/IC. Gabapentin and tumor necrosis factor-α are promising research targets. (3) The exact peripheral neurons involved in the integrative protective unit formed by nervous and immune systems need to be further identified. (4) Neurotransmitter changes in SCI and BPS/IC: Neurotransmitter crosstalk needs to be considered in identifying new therapeutic targets. (5) The change from eubiosis to dysbiosis in SCI can contribute to UTI susceptibility and needs to be unraveled. CONCLUSIONS The think-tank discussed whether visceral fat metabolism, immune depression through sympathetic hyperactivity, peripheral nerves and neurotransmitter crosstalk, and the change in microbiome could provide explanations in the heterogenic development of chronic inflammation in LUTD. High-priority research questions were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Wyndaele
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Charrua
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Translational Neurourology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde-i3S and IBMC University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - François Hervé
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrik Aronsson
- Department Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Luke Grundy
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI), Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Vik Khullar
- Department of Urogynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Alan Wein
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Perelman School of Medicine, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Urology, Desai Sethi Institute of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Paul Abrams
- Bristol Urological Institute, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Francisco Cruz
- Translational Neurourology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde-i3S and IBMC University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Urology, Hospital São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Célia Duarte Cruz
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Translational Neurourology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde-i3S and IBMC University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Lalonde R, Strazielle C. Neurochemical Anatomy of Cushing's Syndrome. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1945-1964. [PMID: 38833089 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The neurochemical anatomy underlying Cushing's syndrome is examined for regional brain metabolism as well as neurotransmitter levels and receptor binding of biogenic amines and amino acids. Preliminary studies generally indicate that glucose uptake, blood flow, and activation on fMRI scans decreased in neocortical areas and increased in subcortical areas of patients with Cushing's syndrome or disease. Glucocorticoid-mediated increases in hippocampal metabolism occurred despite in vitro evidence of glucocorticoid-induced decreases in glucose uptake or consumption, indicating that in vivo increases are the result of indirect, compensatory, or preliminary responses. In animal studies, glucocorticoid administration decreased 5HT levels and 5HT1A receptor binding in several brain regions while adrenalectomy increased such binding. Region-specific effects were also obtained in regard to the dopaminergic system, with predominant actions of glucocorticoid-induced potentiation of reuptake blockers and releasing agents. More in-depth neuroanatomical analyses are warranted of these and amino acid-related neurotransmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lalonde
- Laboratory of Stress, Immunity, Pathogens (UR SIMPA), University of Lorraine, Campus Santé, Bât A/B 9, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, 54500, France.
| | - Catherine Strazielle
- Laboratory of Stress, Immunity, Pathogens (UR SIMPA), University of Lorraine, Campus Santé, Bât A/B 9, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, 54500, France
- CHRU Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Atila C, Refardt J, Christ-Crain M. Arginine vasopressin deficiency: diagnosis, management and the relevance of oxytocin deficiency. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:487-500. [PMID: 38693275 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Polyuria-polydipsia syndrome can be caused by central diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus or primary polydipsia. To avoid confusion with diabetes mellitus, the name 'central diabetes insipidus' was changed in 2022 to arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency and 'nephrogenic diabetes insipidus' was renamed as AVP resistance. To differentiate the three entities, various osmotic and non-osmotic copeptin-based stimulation tests have been introduced in the past decade. The hypertonic saline test plus plasma copeptin measurement emerged as the test with highest diagnostic accuracy, replacing the water deprivation test as the gold standard in differential diagnosis of the polyuria-polydipsia syndrome. The mainstay of treatment for AVP deficiency is AVP replacement with desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of AVP specific for AVP receptor 2 (AVPR2), which usually leads to rapid improvements in polyuria and polydipsia. The main adverse effect of desmopressin is dilutional hyponatraemia, which can be reduced by regularly performing the so-called desmopressin escape method. Evidence from the past few years suggests an additional oxytocin deficiency in patients with AVP deficiency. This potential deficiency should be further evaluated in future studies, including feasible provocation tests for clinical practice and interventional trials with oxytocin substitution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Atila
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research University of Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julie Refardt
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research University of Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Christ-Crain
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Clinical Research University of Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Campbell I, Beckers E, Sharifpour R, Berger A, Paparella I, Aizpurua JFB, Koshmanova E, Mortazavi N, Sherif S, Vandewalle G. Impact of light on task-evoked pupil responses during cognitive tasks. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14101. [PMID: 37974557 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Light has many non-image-forming functions including modulation of pupil size and stimulation of alertness and cognition. Part of these non-image-forming effects may be mediated by the brainstem locus coeruleus. The processing of sensory inputs can be associated with a transient pupil dilation that is likely driven in part by the phasic activity of the locus coeruleus. In the present study, we aimed to characterise the task-evoked pupil response associated with auditory inputs under different light levels and across two cognitive tasks. We continuously monitored the pupil of 20 young healthy participants (mean [SD] 24.05 [4.0] years; 14 women) whilst they completed an attentional and an emotional auditory task whilst exposed to repeated 30-40-s blocks of light interleaved with darkness periods. Blocks could either consist of monochromatic orange light (0.16 melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (EDI) lux) or blue-enriched white light of three different levels [37, 92, 190 melanopic EDI lux; 6500 K]. For the analysis, 15 and then 14 participants were included in the attentional and emotional tasks, respectively. Generalised linear mixed models showed a significant main effect of light level on the task-evoked pupil responses triggered by the attentional and emotional tasks (p ≤ 0.0001). The impact of light was different for the target versus non-target stimulus of the attentional task but was not different for the emotional and neutral stimulus of the emotional task. There is a smaller sustained pupil size during brighter light blocks but, a higher light level triggers a stronger task-evoked pupil response to auditory stimulation, presumably through the recruitment of the locus coeruleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islay Campbell
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elise Beckers
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roya Sharifpour
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Berger
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
- Synergia Medical SA, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium
| | - Ilenia Paparella
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Ekaterina Koshmanova
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nasrin Mortazavi
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Siya Sherif
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gilles Vandewalle
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Palser ER, Veziris CR, Morris NA, Roy ARK, Watson-Pereira C, Holley SR, Miller BL, Gorno-Tempini ML, Sturm VE. Elevated unanticipated acoustic startle reactivity in dyslexia. DYSLEXIA (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2024; 30:e1779. [PMID: 38979661 PMCID: PMC11257413 DOI: 10.1002/dys.1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
People with dyslexia, a neurodevelopmental disorder of reading, are highly attuned to the emotional world. Compared with their typically developing peers, children with dyslexia exhibit greater autonomic nervous system reactivity and facial behaviour to emotion- and empathy-inducing film clips. Affective symptoms, such as anxiety, are also more common in children with dyslexia than in those without. Here, we investigated whether the startle response, an automatic reaction that lies at the interface of emotion and reflex, is elevated in dyslexia. We measured facial behaviour, electrodermal reactivity (a sympathetic nervous system measure) and emotional experience in response to a 100 ms, 105 dB unanticipated acoustic startle task in 30 children with dyslexia and 20 comparison children without dyslexia (aged 7-13) who were matched on age, sex and nonverbal reasoning. Our results indicated that the children with dyslexia had greater total facial behaviour and electrodermal reactivity to the acoustic startle task than the children without dyslexia. Across the sample, greater electrodermal reactivity during the startle predicted greater parent-reported anxiety symptoms. These findings contribute to an emerging picture of heightened emotional reactivity in dyslexia and suggest accentuated sympathetic nervous system reactivity may contribute to the elevated anxiety that is often seen in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor R. Palser
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christina R. Veziris
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Morris
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ashlin R. K. Roy
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christa Watson-Pereira
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sarah R. Holley
- Psychology Department, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94131, USA
| | - Bruce L. Miller
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94131, USA
| | - Virginia E. Sturm
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94131, USA
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Jeong S, Chokkalla AK, Davis CK, Jeong H, Chelluboina B, Arruri V, Kim B, Narman A, Bathula S, Arumugam TV, Bendlin BB, Vemuganti R. Circadian-Dependent Intermittent Fasting Influences Ischemic Tolerance and Dendritic Spine Remodeling. Stroke 2024; 55:2139-2150. [PMID: 38920050 PMCID: PMC11262964 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.124.046400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preconditioning by intermittent fasting is linked to improved cognition and motor function, and enhanced recovery after stroke. Although the duration of fasting was shown to elicit different levels of neuroprotection after ischemic stroke, the impact of time of fasting with respect to the circadian cycles remains unexplored. METHODS Cohorts of mice were subjected to a daily 16-hour fast, either during the dark phase (active-phase intermittent fasting) or the light phase (inactive-phase intermittent fasting) or were fed ad libitum. Following a 6-week dietary regimen, mice were subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia and underwent behavioral functional assessment. Brain samples were collected for RNA sequencing and histopathologic analyses. RESULTS Active-phase intermittent fasting cohort exhibited better poststroke motor and cognitive recovery as well as reduced infarction, in contrast to inactive-phase intermittent fasting cohort, when compared with ad libitum cohort. In addition, protection of dendritic spine density/morphology and increased expression of postsynaptic density protein-95 were observed in the active-phase intermittent fasting. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the time of daily fasting is an important factor in inducing ischemic tolerance by intermittent fasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Jeong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anil K Chokkalla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Hyunmook Jeong
- Department of Transdisciplinary Medicine, Institute of Convergence Medicine with Innovative Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bharath Chelluboina
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bori Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ashlyn Narman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara B Bendlin
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Gadhave DG, Sugandhi VV, Jha SK, Nangare SN, Gupta G, Singh SK, Dua K, Cho H, Hansbro PM, Paudel KR. Neurodegenerative disorders: Mechanisms of degeneration and therapeutic approaches with their clinical relevance. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102357. [PMID: 38830548 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are expected to pose a significant challenge for both medicine and public health in the upcoming years due to global demographic changes. NDs are mainly represented by degeneration/loss of neurons, which is primarily accountable for severe mental illness. This neuronal degeneration leads to many neuropsychiatric problems and permanent disability in an individual. Moreover, the tight junction of the brain, blood-brain barrier (BBB)has a protective feature, functioning as a biological barrier that can prevent medicines, toxins, and foreign substances from entering the brain. However, delivering any medicinal agent to the brain in NDs (i.e., Multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, etc.) is enormously challenging. There are many approved therapies to address NDs, but most of them only help treat the associated manifestations. The available therapies have failed to control the progression of NDs due to certain factors, i.e., BBB and drug-associated undesirable effects. NDs have extremely complex pathology, with many pathogenic mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression; thereby, a limited survival rate has been observed in ND patients. Hence, understanding the exact mechanism behind NDs is crucial to developing alternative approaches for improving ND patients' survival rates. Thus, the present review sheds light on different cellular mechanisms involved in NDs and novel therapeutic approaches with their clinical relevance, which will assist researchers in developing alternate strategies to address the limitations of conventional ND therapies. The current work offers the scope into the near future to improve the therapeutic approach of NDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dnyandev G Gadhave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dattakala Shikshan Sanstha's, Dattakala College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Swami Chincholi, Daund, Pune, Maharashtra 413130, India; College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Vrashabh V Sugandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dattakala Shikshan Sanstha's, Dattakala College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Swami Chincholi, Daund, Pune, Maharashtra 413130, India; College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Saurav Kumar Jha
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Sopan N Nangare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun
| | - Hyunah Cho
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia.
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun; Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Asadian N, Aprico A, Chen M, Yuen D, Johnston APR, Kilpatrick TJ, Binder MD. The therapeutic effect of GAS6 in remyelination is dependent upon Tyro3. Glia 2024; 72:1392-1401. [PMID: 38572807 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination, axonal damage and, for the majority of people, a decline in neurological function in the long-term. Remyelination could assist in the protection of axons and their functional recovery, but such therapies are not, as yet, available. The TAM (Tyro3, Axl, and MERTK) receptor ligand GAS6 potentiates myelination in vitro and promotes recovery in pre-clinical models of MS. However, it has remained unclear which TAM receptor is responsible for transducing this effect and whether post-translational modification of GAS6 is required. In this study, we show that the promotion of myelination requires post-translational modification of the GLA domain of GAS6 via vitamin K-dependent γ-carboxylation. We also confirmed that the intracerebroventricular provision of GAS6 for 2 weeks to demyelinated wild-type (WT) mice challenged with cuprizone increased the density of myelinated axons in the corpus callosum by over 2-fold compared with vehicle control. Conversely, the provision of GAS6 to Tyro3 KO mice did not significantly improve the density of myelinated axons. The improvement in remyelination following the provision of GAS6 to WT mice was also accompanied by an increased density of CC1+ve mature oligodendrocytes compared with vehicle control, whereas this improvement was not observed in the absence of Tyro3. This effect occurs independent of any influence on microglial activation. This work therefore establishes that the remyelinative activity of GAS6 is dependent on Tyro3 and includes potentiation of oligodendrocyte numbers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negar Asadian
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea Aprico
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Moore Chen
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Yuen
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angus P R Johnston
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Trevor J Kilpatrick
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michele D Binder
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Baumann NS, Sears JC, Broadie K. Experience-dependent MAPK/ERK signaling in glia regulates critical period remodeling of synaptic glomeruli. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111224. [PMID: 38740233 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Early-life critical periods allow initial sensory experience to remodel brain circuitry so that synaptic connectivity can be optimized to environmental input. In the Drosophila juvenile brain, olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) synaptic glomeruli are pruned by glial phagocytosis in dose-dependent response to early odor experience during a well-defined critical period. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) separation of phases-based activity reporter of kinase (SPARK) biosensors reveal experience-dependent signaling in glia during this critical period. Glial ERK-SPARK signaling is depressed by removal of Draper receptors orchestrating glial phagocytosis. Cell-targeted genetic knockdown of glial ERK signaling reduces olfactory experience-dependent glial pruning of the OSN synaptic glomeruli in a dose-dependent mechanism. Noonan Syndrome is caused by gain-of-function mutations in protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11) inhibiting ERK signaling, and a glial-targeted patient-derived mutation increases experience-dependent glial ERK signaling and impairs experience-dependent glial pruning of the OSN synaptic glomeruli. We conclude that critical period experience drives glial ERK signaling that is required for dose-dependent pruning of brain synaptic glomeruli, and that altered glial ERK signaling impairs this critical period mechanism in a Noonan Syndrome disease model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Baumann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - James C Sears
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Kendal Broadie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University and Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University and Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University and Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University and Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Alanazi FI, Bravo CAR, Moreno JSS, Botero-Posada LF, Ladino LD, Rios ALL, Hutchison WD. Modulation of neuronal activity in human centromedian nucleus during an auditory attention and working memory task. Neuroimage 2024; 296:120686. [PMID: 38871037 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Centromedian nucleus (CM) is one of several intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus and is thought to be involved in consciousness, arousal, and attention. CM has been suggested to play a key role in the control of attention, by regulating the flow of information to different brain regions such as the ascending reticular system, basal ganglia, and cortex. While the neurophysiology of attention in visual and auditory systems has been studied in animal models, combined single unit and LFP recordings in human have not, to our knowledge, been reported. Here, we recorded neuronal activity in the CM nucleus in 11 patients prior to insertion of deep brain stimulation electrodes for the treatment of epilepsy while subjects performed an auditory attention task. Patients were requested to attend and count the infrequent (p = 0.2) odd or "deviant" tones, ignore the frequent standard tones and report the total number of deviant tones at trial completion. Spikes were discriminated, and LFPs were band pass filtered (5-45 Hz). Average peri‑stimulus time histograms and spectra were constructed by aligning on tone onsets and statistically compared. The firing rate of CM neurons showed selective, multi-phasic responses to deviant tones in 81% of the tested neurons. Local field potential analysis showed selective beta and low gamma (13-45 Hz) modulations in response to deviant tones, also in a multi-phasic pattern. The current study demonstrates that CM neurons are under top-down control and participate in the selective processing during auditory attention and working memory. These results, taken together, implicate the CM in selective auditory attention and working memory and support a role of beta and low gamma oscillatory activity in cognitive processes. It also has potential implications for DBS therapy for epilepsy and non-motor symptoms of PD, such as apathy and other disorders of attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frhan I Alanazi
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard St, Toronto Ontario, Canada; Department of Basic Sciences, Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz College for Emergency Medical Services, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Juan Sebastián Saavedra Moreno
- Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Rionegro, Colombia; Department of Neurology, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luis Fernando Botero-Posada
- Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Rionegro, Colombia
| | - Lady Diana Ladino
- Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Rionegro, Colombia; Department of Neurology, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Lucia Lopez Rios
- Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Rionegro, Colombia
| | - William D Hutchison
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard St, Toronto Ontario, Canada; Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Rionegro, Colombia; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Baykan C, Zhu X, Zinchenko A, Shi Z. Blocked versus interleaved: How range contexts modulate time perception and its EEG signatures. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14585. [PMID: 38594873 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Accurate time perception is a crucial element in a wide range of cognitive tasks, including decision-making, memory, and motor control. One commonly observed phenomenon is that when given a range of time intervals to consider, people's estimates often cluster around the midpoint of those intervals. Previous studies have suggested that the range of these intervals can also influence our judgments, but the neural mechanisms behind this "range effect" are not yet understood. We used both behavioral tests and electroencephalographic (EEG) measures to understand how the range of sample time intervals affects the accuracy of people's subsequent time estimates. Study participants were exposed to two different setups: In the "blocked-range" (BR) session, short and long intervals were presented in separate blocks, whereas in the "interleaved-range" (IR) session, intervals of various lengths were presented randomly. Our findings indicated that the BR context led to more accurate time estimates compared to the IR context. In terms of EEG data, the BR context resulted in quicker buildup of contingent negative variation (CNV), which also reached higher amplitude levels and dissolved more rapidly during the encoding stage. We also observed an enhanced amplitude in the offset P2 component of the EEG signal. Overall, our results suggest that the variability in time intervals, as defined by their range, influences the neural processes that underlie time estimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cemre Baykan
- General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- General and Biological Psychology, Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Xiuna Zhu
- General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Artyom Zinchenko
- General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhuanghua Shi
- General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Dubinsky JM, Hamid AA. The neuroscience of active learning and direct instruction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105737. [PMID: 38796122 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Throughout the educational system, students experiencing active learning pedagogy perform better and fail less than those taught through direct instruction. Can this be ascribed to differences in learning from a neuroscientific perspective? This review examines mechanistic, neuroscientific evidence that might explain differences in cognitive engagement contributing to learning outcomes between these instructional approaches. In classrooms, direct instruction comprehensively describes academic content, while active learning provides structured opportunities for learners to explore, apply, and manipulate content. Synaptic plasticity and its modulation by arousal or novelty are central to all learning and both approaches. As a form of social learning, direct instruction relies upon working memory. The reinforcement learning circuit, associated agency, curiosity, and peer-to-peer social interactions combine to enhance motivation, improve retention, and build higher-order-thinking skills in active learning environments. When working memory becomes overwhelmed, additionally engaging the reinforcement learning circuit improves retention, providing an explanation for the benefits of active learning. This analysis provides a mechanistic examination of how emerging neuroscience principles might inform pedagogical choices at all educational levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet M Dubinsky
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Arif A Hamid
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Zhang S, Zhang X, Li H, Wang D, Wang S, Wang Y, Zhao G, Dong H, Li J. Ventral Tegmental Area Glutamatergic Neurons Facilitated Emergence From Isoflurane Anesthesia Involves Excitation of Lateral Septum GABA-ergic Neurons in Mice. Anesth Analg 2024; 139:397-410. [PMID: 38048607 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventral tegmental area (VTA) glutamatergic neurons promote wakefulness in the sleep-wake cycle; however, their roles and neural circuit mechanisms during isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia remain unclear. METHODS Fiber photometry and in vivo electrophysiology were used to observe the changes in neuronal or terminal activity during ISO anesthesia and arousal processes. Optogenetic and anesthesia behaviors were used to investigate the effects of VTA glutamatergic neurons and their projections to the lateral septum (LS) during ISO anesthesia and arousal. Anterograde and retrograde tracings were performed to identify the connections between VTA glutamatergic neurons and the LS. RESULTS Population activity and firing rates of VTA glutamatergic neurons decreased during ISO anesthesia (ISO: 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-2.06 Spikes.s -1 vs wake: 95% CI, 3.53-7.83 Spikes.s -1 ; P =.0001; n = 34 from 4 mice). Optogenetic activation of VTA glutamatergic neurons reduced the burst-suppression ratio in electroencephalography (laser: 95% CI, 13.09%-28.76% vs pre: 95% CI, 52.85%-71.59%; P =.0009; n = 6) and facilitated emergence (ChR2: 95% CI, 343.3-388.0 seconds vs mCherry: 95% CI, 447.6-509.8 seconds; P < .0001; n = 11/12) from ISO anesthesia. VTA glutamatergic neurons monosynaptically innervated LS γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurons. The activity of VTA glutamatergic terminals in the LS decreased during ISO anesthesia, and optogenetic activation of the VTA glutamatergic terminals in the LS facilitated emergence from ISO anesthesia. Furthermore, optogenetic activation of VTA glutamatergic terminals increased the firing rates of LS γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) neurons (laser: 95% CI, 0.85-4.03 Spikes.s -1 vs pre: 95% CI, 0.24-0.78 Spikes.s -1 ; P =.008; n = 23 from 4 mice) during ISO anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS VTA glutamatergic neurons facilitated emergence from ISO anesthesia involving excitation of LS GABAergic neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huiming Li
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Wang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sa Wang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangchao Zhao
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hailong Dong
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Liu L, Tu L, Shen Q, Bao Y, Xu F, Zhang D, Xu Y. Meta-analysis of the relationship between the number and location of perivascular spaces in the brain and cognitive function. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:3743-3755. [PMID: 38459400 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral perivascular spaces are part of the cerebral microvascular structure and play a role in lymphatic drainage and the removal of waste products from the brain. Relationships of the number and location of such spaces with cognition are unclear. OBJECTIVE To meta-analyze available data on potential associations of severity and location of perivascular spaces with cognitive performance. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials for relevant studies published between January 2000 and July 2023. Performance on different cognitive domains was compared to the severity of perivascular spaces in different brain regions using comprehensive meta-analysis. When studies report unadjusted and adjusted means, we use adjusted means for meta-analysis. The study protocol is registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023443460). RESULTS We meta-analyzed data from 26 cross-sectional studies and two longitudinal studies involving 7908 participants. In most studies perivascular spaces was using a visual rating scale. A higher number of basal ganglia perivascular spaces was linked to lower general intelligence and attention. Moreover, increased centrum semiovale perivascular spaces were associated with worse general intelligence, executive function, language, and memory. Conversely, higher hippocampus perivascular spaces were associated with enhanced memory and executive function. Subgroup analyses revealed variations in associations among different disease conditions. CONCLUSIONS A higher quantity of perivascular spaces in the brain is correlated with impaired cognitive function. The location of these perivascular spaces and the underlying disease conditions may influence the specific cognitive domains that are affected. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION The study protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023443460).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liangdan Tu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuyan Shen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Bao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanming Xu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Fipps DC, Oesterle TS, Kolla BP. Opioid Maintenance Therapy: A Review of Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder. Semin Neurol 2024; 44:441-451. [PMID: 38848746 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The rates of opioid use and opioid related deaths are escalating in the United States. Despite this, evidence-based treatments for Opioid Use Disorder are underutilized. There are three medications FDA approved for treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone. This article reviews the history, criteria, and mechanisms associated with Opioid Use Disorder. Pertinent pharmacology considerations, treatment strategies, efficacy, safety, and challenges of Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone are outlined. Lastly, a practical decision making algorithm is discussed to address pertinent psychiatric and medical comorbidities when prescribing pharmacology for Opioid Use Disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Fipps
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tyler S Oesterle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bhanu P Kolla
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Hyun SA, Ka M. Bisphenol A (BPA) and neurological disorders: An overview. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 173:106614. [PMID: 38944234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The human body is commonly exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), which is widely used in consumer and industrial products. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that has adverse effects on human health. In particular, many studies have shown that BPA can cause various neurological disorders by affecting brain development and neural function during prenatal, infancy, childhood, and adulthood exposure. In this review, we discussed the correlation between BPA and neurological disorders based on molecular cell biology, neurophysiology, and behavioral studies of the effects of BPA on brain development and function. Recent studies, both animal and epidemiological, strongly indicate that BPA significantly impacts brain development and function. It hinders neural processes, such as proliferation, migration, and differentiation during development, affecting synaptic formation and activity. As a result, BPA is implicated in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ae Hyun
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhan Ka
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Saidi O, Rochette E, Dambel L, St-Onge MP, Duché P. Chrono-nutrition and sleep: lessons from the temporal feature of eating patterns in human studies - A systematic scoping review. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 76:101953. [PMID: 38788519 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
An emerging field of research has revealed a bidirectional relationship between sleep and diet, highlighting the potential role of a healthy diet in improving sleep. However, the impact of chrono-nutrition on sleep remains less explored. Here we conducted a systematic scoping review, considering the multiple dimensions of chrono-nutrition, to describe the extent, range, and nature of the existing literature in this area (PROSPERO: CRD42021274637). There has been a significant increase in the literature exploring this topic over the past six years (almost 67 % of the evolving literature). A breakdown of the included studies was performed according to three major chrono-nutritional dimensions: meal timing [n = 35], irregular eating patterns [n = 84], and frequency of eating occasions [n = 3]. Meal timing included three sub-dimensions: breakfast skipping [n = 13], late eating [n = 16], and earlier vs later meals schedules [n = 6]. Irregular meal patterns included three sub-dimensions: diurnal fasting [n = 65], intermittent fasting [n = 16], and daily meal patterns [n = 3]. Frequency was the least studied dimension (n = 3). We provided a synthetic and illustrative framework underlining important preliminary evidence linking the temporal characteristics of eating patterns to various facets of sleep health. Nonetheless, much work remains to be done to provide chrono-nutrition guidelines to improve sleep health in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Saidi
- JAP2S Laboratory, Toulon University, F-83041, Toulon, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Rochette
- JAP2S Laboratory, Toulon University, F-83041, Toulon, France; Department of Pediatrics, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Auvergne University, INSERM, CIC 1405, CRECHE Unit, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lou Dambel
- JAP2S Laboratory, Toulon University, F-83041, Toulon, France
| | - Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research and Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA, 10032
| | - Pascale Duché
- JAP2S Laboratory, Toulon University, F-83041, Toulon, France
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
van Drunen L, Dobbelaar S, Crone EA, Wierenga LM. Genetic and environmental influences on structural brain development from childhood to adolescence: A longitudinal twin study on cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 68:101407. [PMID: 38870602 PMCID: PMC11225697 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The human brain undergoes structural development from childhood to adolescence, with specific regions in the sensorimotor, social, and affective networks continuing to grow into adulthood. While genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences in these brain trajectories, the extent remains understudied. Our longitudinal study, utilizing up to three biennial MRI scans (n=485), aimed to assess the genetic and environmental effects on brain structure (age 7) and development (ages 7-14) in these regions. Heritability estimates varied across brain regions, with all regions showing genetic influence (ranging from 18 % to 59 %) with additional shared environmental factors affecting the primary motor cortex (30 %), somatosensory cortex (35 %), DLPFC (5 %), TPJ (17 %), STS (17 %), precuneus (10 %), hippocampus (22 %), amygdala (5 %), and nucleus accumbens (10 %). Surface area was more genetically driven (38 %) than cortical thickness (14 %). Longitudinal brain changes were primarily driven by genetics (ranging from 1 % to 29 %), though shared environment factors (additionally) influenced the somatosensory cortex (11 %), DLPFC (7 %), cerebellum (28 %), TPJ (16 %), STS (20 %), and hippocampus (17 %). These findings highlight the importance of further investigating brain-behavior associations and the influence of enriched and deprived environments from childhood to adolescence. Ultimately, our study can provide insights for interventions aimed at supporting children's development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L van Drunen
- Leiden Consortium of Individual Development (L-CID), the Netherlands; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Social and Behavioral Sciences, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
| | - S Dobbelaar
- Leiden Consortium of Individual Development (L-CID), the Netherlands; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Social and Behavioral Sciences, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - E A Crone
- Leiden Consortium of Individual Development (L-CID), the Netherlands; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Social and Behavioral Sciences, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), the Netherlands
| | - L M Wierenga
- Leiden Consortium of Individual Development (L-CID), the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Honda T, Matsumura K, Hashimoto Y, Yokota T, Mizusawa H, Nagao S, Ishikawa K. Temporal Relationship between Impairment of Cerebellar Motor Learning and Deterioration of Ataxia in Patients with Cerebellar Degeneration. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:1280-1292. [PMID: 37115382 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Ataxia and impaired motor learning are both fundamental features in diseases affecting the cerebellum. However, it remains unclarified whether motor learning is impaired only when ataxia clearly manifests, nor it is known whether the progression of ataxia, the speed of which often varies among patients with the same disease, can be monitored by examining motor learning. We evaluated motor learning and ataxia at intervals of several months in 40 patients with degenerative conditions [i.e., multiple system atrophy (MSA), Machado-Joseph disease (MJD)/spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), SCA6, and SCA31]. Motor learning was quantified as the adaptability index (AI) in the prism adaptation task and ataxia was scored using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). We found that AI decreased most markedly in both MSA-C and MSA-P, moderately in MJD, and mildly in SCA6 and SCA31. Overall, the AI decrease occurred more rapidly than the SARA score increase. Interestingly, AIs remained normal in purely parkinsonian MSA-P patients (n = 4), but they dropped into the ataxia range when these patients started to show ataxia. The decrease in AI during follow-up (dAI/dt) was significant in patients with SARA scores < 10.5 compared with patients with SARA scores ≥ 10.5, indicating that AI is particularly useful for diagnosing the earlier phase of cerebellar degeneration. We conclude that AI is a useful marker for progressions of cerebellar diseases, and that evaluating the motor learning of patients can be particularly valuable for detecting cerebellar impairment, which is often masked by parkinsonisms and other signs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Honda
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Basic Technology Research Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
- Laboratory for Higher Brain Function, Nozomi Hospital, Ina, Kitaadachi-Gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
- The Center for Personalized Medicine for Healthy Aging, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ken Matsumura
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8677, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, 2-1-1 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-0057, Japan
| | - Yuji Hashimoto
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Takanori Yokota
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Mizusawa
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashicho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan
| | - Soichi Nagao
- Laboratory for Higher Brain Function, Nozomi Hospital, Ina, Kitaadachi-Gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Kinya Ishikawa
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
- The Center for Personalized Medicine for Healthy Aging, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Lu YS, Hung WC, Hsieh YT, Tsai PY, Tsai TH, Fan HH, Chang YG, Cheng HK, Huang SY, Lin HC, Lee YH, Shen TH, Hung BY, Tsai JW, Dzhagalov I, Cheng IHJ, Lin CJ, Chern Y, Hsu CL. Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3 supports microglial functions and protects against the progression of Huntington's disease in the mouse model. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:413-429. [PMID: 38925413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by involuntary movements, cognitive deficits, and psychiatric symptoms. Currently, there is no cure, and only limited treatments are available to manage the symptoms and to slow down the disease's progression. The molecular and cellular mechanisms of HD's pathogenesis are complex, involving immune cell activation, altered protein turnover, and disturbance in brain energy homeostasis. Microglia have been known to play a dual role in HD, contributing to neurodegeneration through inflammation but also enacting neuroprotective effects by clearing mHTT aggregates. However, little is known about the contribution of microglial metabolism to HD progression. This study explores the impact of a microglial metabolite transporter, equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3 (ENT3), in HD. Known as a lysosomal membrane transporter protein, ENT3 is highly enriched in microglia, with its expression correlated with HD severity. Using the R6/2 ENT3-/- mouse model, we found that the deletion of ENT3 increases microglia numbers yet worsens HD progression, leading to mHTT accumulation, cell death, and disturbed energy metabolism. These results suggest that the delicate balance between microglial metabolism and function is crucial for maintaining brain homeostasis and that ENT3 has a protective role in ameliorating neurodegenerative processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Sui Lu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chien Hung
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Hsieh
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yuan Tsai
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Hsien Tsai
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Han Fan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Gin Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Kuei Cheng
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Yan Huang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chuan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Hua Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsiang Shen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Yu Hung
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Wu Tsai
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ivan Dzhagalov
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Irene Han-Juo Cheng
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Pradeepkiran JA, Baig J, Seman A, Reddy PH. Mitochondria in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Mitophagy. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:440-457. [PMID: 36597577 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221139761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β and phosphorylated τ protein aggregates in the brain, which leads to the loss of neurons. Under the microscope, the function of mitochondria is uniquely primed to play a pivotal role in neuronal cell survival, energy metabolism, and cell death. Research studies indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction, excessive oxidative damage, and defective mitophagy in neurons are early indicators of AD. This review article summarizes the latest development of mitochondria in AD: 1) disease mechanism pathways, 2) the importance of mitochondria in neuronal functions, 3) metabolic pathways and functions, 4) the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy mechanisms in AD, and 5) the development of potential mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics and interventions to treat patients with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Javaria Baig
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ashley Seman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Martins LA, Schiavo A, Paz LV, Xavier LL, Mestriner RG. Neural underpinnings of fine motor skills under stress and anxiety: A review. Physiol Behav 2024; 282:114593. [PMID: 38782244 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This review offers a comprehensive examination of how stress and anxiety affect motor behavior, particularly focusing on fine motor skills and gait adaptability. We explore the role of several neurochemicals, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dopamine, in modulating neural plasticity and motor control under these affective states. The review highlights the importance of developing therapeutic strategies that enhance motor performance by leveraging the interactions between key neurochemicals. Additionally, we investigate the complex interplay between emotional-cognitive states and sensorimotor behaviors, showing how stress and anxiety disrupt neural integration, leading to impairments in skilled movements and negatively impacting quality of life. Synthesizing evidence from human and rodent studies, we provide a detailed understanding of the relationships among stress, anxiety, and motor behavior. Our findings reveal neurophysiological pathways, behavioral outcomes, and potential therapeutic targets, emphasizing the intricate connections between neurobiological mechanisms, environmental factors, and motor performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Athaydes Martins
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Neuroscience, Motor Behavior, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECORE-CNPq), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aniuska Schiavo
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Neuroscience, Motor Behavior, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECORE-CNPq), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisiê Valéria Paz
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Léder Leal Xavier
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Neuroscience, Motor Behavior, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECORE-CNPq), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Régis Gemerasca Mestriner
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Neuroscience, Motor Behavior, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECORE-CNPq), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Sihn D, Chae S, Kim SP. A method to find temporal structure of neuronal coactivity patterns with across-trial correlations. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 408:110172. [PMID: 38782124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The across-trial correlation of neurons' coactivity patterns emerges to be important for information coding, but methods for finding their temporal structures remain largely unexplored. NEW METHOD In the present study, we propose a method to find time clusters in which coactivity patterns of neurons are correlated across trials. We transform the multidimensional neural activity at each timing into a coactivity pattern of binary states, and predict the coactivity patterns at different timings. We devise a method suitable for these coactivity pattern predictions, call general event prediction. Cross-temporal prediction accuracy is then used to estimate across-trial correlations between coactivity patterns at two timings. We extract time clusters from the cross-temporal prediction accuracy by a modified k-means algorithm. RESULTS The feasibility of the proposed method is verified through simulations based on ground truth. We apply the proposed method to a calcium imaging dataset recorded from the motor cortex of mice, and demonstrate time clusters of motor cortical coactivity patterns during a motor task. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS While the existing cosine similarity method, which does not account for across-trial correlation, shows temporal structures only for contralateral neural responses, the proposed method reveals those for both contralateral and ipsilateral neural responses, demonstrating the effect of across-trial correlations. CONCLUSIONS This study introduces a novel method for measuring the temporal structure of neuronal ensemble activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duho Sihn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, the Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Chae
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, the Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Phil Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, the Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Espinoza Oyarce DA, Burns RA, Shaw ME, Butterworth P, Cherbuin N. Neural correlates of the revised reinforcement sensitivity theory: A cross-sectional structural neuroimaging study in middle-aged adults. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14574. [PMID: 38546153 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
The revised reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) proposes that neurobiological systems control behavior: the fight-flight-freeze (FFFS) for avoidance of threat; behavioral approach/activation (BAS) for approach to rewards; and behavioral inhibition (BIS) for conflict resolution when avoidance and approach are possible. Neuroimaging studies have confirmed some theoretical associations between brain structures and the BAS and BIS; however, little representative population data are available for the FFFS. We investigated the neural correlates of the revised RST in a sample of 404 middle-aged adults (Mage = 47.18 (SD = 1.38); 54.5% female). Participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging and completed health questionnaires and the BIS/BAS/FFFS scales. We used multiple regression analyses to investigate the association between scale scores and volumes of a priori theoretically linked regions of interest while controlling for sex, age, intracranial volume, and cardio-metabolic variables; and conducted exploratory analyses on cortical thickness. The BIS was negatively associated with hippocampus laterality. At standard significance levels, the fear component of the FFFS was positively associated with anterior cingulate cortex; the BAS was positively associated with bilateral caudate; and the BIS was positively associated with posterior cingulate cortex volume. Furthermore, these neurobiological systems showed distinct patterns of association with cortical thickness though future work is needed. Our results showed that the neurobiological systems of the revised RST characterized in rodents can also be identified in the human brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A Espinoza Oyarce
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Richard A Burns
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Marnie E Shaw
- College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Peter Butterworth
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Seyedmirzaei H, Bayan N, Ohadi MAD, Cattarinussi G, Sambataro F. Effects of antidepressants on brain structure and function in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A review of neuroimaging studies. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 342:111842. [PMID: 38875766 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects 2-3% of people worldwide. Although antidepressants are the standard pharmachological treatment of OCD, their effect on the brain of individuals with OCD has not yet been fully clarified. We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science to explore the effects of antidepressants on neuroimaging findings in OCD. Thirteen neuroimaging investigations were included. After antidepressant treatment, structural magnetic resonance imaging studies suggested thalamic, amygdala, and pituitary volume changes in patients. In addition, the use of antidepressants was associated with alterations in diffusion tensor imaging metrics in the left striatum, the right midbrain, and the posterior thalamic radiation in the right parietal lobe. Finally, functional magnetic resonance imaging highlighted possible changes in the ventral striatum, frontal, and prefrontal cortex. The small number of included studies and sample sizes, short durations of follow-up, different antidepressants, variable regions of interest, and heterogeneous samples limit the robustness of the findings of the present review. In conclusion, our review suggests that antidepressant treatment is associated with brain changes in individuals with OCD, and these results may help to deepen our knowledge of the pathophysiology of OCD and the brain mechanisms underlying the effects of antidepressants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Homa Seyedmirzaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (INRP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Bayan
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (INRP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Dabbagh Ohadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (INRP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|