101
|
Yan Q, Cheng M, Xu W, Cheng Y, Wu F, Wang Y, Yang Q, Shi Y, Wang J. The control rate of hypertension across months of year and hours of day in a large real-world database. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01817-1. [PMID: 39169148 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the control rate of hypertension across months of year and hours of day in a real-world database. The study participants were hypertensive patients from 142 community health centers across 16 districts in Shanghai, China, who measured their blood pressure with an automatic office blood pressure measurement platform between 2018 and 2023. The 343,400 hypertensive patients included 53.7% of women, and had average age of 70.2 (±8.1) years (range 50-90 years). For months of year, the control rate of hypertension was lowest in February and highest in August (51.9% vs 71.8%). For hours of day, the control rate of hypertension was lowest at 7:00 AM and highest at 12:00 PM (52.1% vs 76.0%). When the months of year and hour of day were considered together, the control rate was lowest at 7 AM in February (42.1%), and highest at 12 PM in July (86.8%). In 8516 patients who had uncontrolled blood pressure in the early morning and had their blood pressure also measured around noon, 45.7% had masked uncontrolled morning hypertension, with higher rates in spring and summer, and in women, those aged 50-69 years, and non-diabetic patients. The control rate of hypertension varies greatly across months of year and hours of day, suggesting that the evaluation of blood pressure control has to take into full consideration the measurement time in terms of months and hours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Yan
- Division of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Minna Cheng
- Division of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- Division of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yibang Cheng
- Department of Hypertension, Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials, the Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Division of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- Division of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinping Yang
- Division of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Division of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiguang Wang
- Department of Hypertension, Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials, the Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Ataei Kachouei A, Mohammadifard N, Haghighatdoost F, Hajihashemi P, Zarepur E, Nouhi F, Kazemi T, Salehi N, Solati K, Ghaffari S, Gholipour M, Heybar H, Alikhasi H, Sarrafzadegan N. Adherence to EAT-Lancet reference diet and risk of premature coronary artery diseases: a multi-center case-control study. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03475-y. [PMID: 39167176 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03475-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2019, a globally sustainable dietary pattern that primarily emphasizes the consumption of plant-based foods was proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission. However, there is limited evidence regarding the association of this diet with coronary events. OBJECTIVES To determine the association between the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet (ELD) and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) risk and its severity. METHODS This multi-center, case-control study was conducted within the framework of the Iran premature coronary artery disease (I-PAD). A total of 3185 participants aged under 70 years in women and 60 years in men were included. Cases were those whose coronary angiography showed stenosis ≥ 75% in at least one vessel or ≥ 50% in the left main artery (n = 2033), while the controls had normal angiography results (n = 1152). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression was utilized to examine the association between ELD and presence of PCAD. RESULTS Compared with individuals in the first quartile, those in the highest quartile of ELD (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.39; P for trend < 0.001) and ELD calculated with minimum intake (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.52; P < 0.001) had lower risk of PCAD. Individuals in the highest quartile of adherence to the ELD and ELD with minimum intake had 78% and 72% lower risk of having severe PCAD compared with those in the lowest quartile, respectively. CONCLUSION An inverse association was observed between adherence to the ELD and PCAD risk and its severity. Large-scale prospective cohort studies are required to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Ataei Kachouei
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Parisa Hajihashemi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Zarepur
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Cardiology, Medicine School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fereydoon Nouhi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian Network of Cardiovascular Research (INCVR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Kazemi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Razi Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nahid Salehi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamal Solati
- Department of Psychiatry, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Gholipour
- Department of Cardiology, Healthy Heart Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Habib Heybar
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hassan Alikhasi
- Heart Failure Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Neiman N, Boothroyd D, Anjur K, Bensen R, Yeh AM, Wren AVA. Self-Compassion in Adolescents and Young Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Relationship of Self-Compassion to Psychosocial and Physical Outcomes. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024:izae170. [PMID: 39167919 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izae170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at an increased risk for poor physical and mental health due to the complexity of pediatric onset IBD and the unique developmental challenges of this period of life. Self-compassion is increasingly recognized as having an important role in explaining health outcomes and well-being across a range of populations. This study examines the relationship between self-compassion and psychosocial and physical health outcomes in AYAs with IBD. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, AYAs with IBD aged 15 to 25 years completed an online survey between February 2020 and October 2021. Questionnaires included the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures for psychosocial, physical and global health outcomes, and IBD disease activity indices. RESULTS AYAs with higher levels of self-compassion were found to have better psychosocial (ie, anxiety, depressive symptoms, psychological stress, physical stress, peer relationships), physical (ie, fatigue), and global health outcomes. Self-compassion was a significant independent predictor of anxiety (β = -5.80, P = < .001), depressive symptoms (β = -7.09, P = < .001), psychological stress (β = -4.66, P = < .001), physical stress (β = -3.19, P = < .001), peer relationships (β = 3.39, P = .003), fatigue (β = -2.05, P = .019), and improved global health (β = 5.15, P = < .001). CONCLUSIONS This study offers preliminary support for the importance of self-compassion in AYAs with IBD and demonstrates the need for further research in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Neiman
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Lincoln Memorial University-DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Derek Boothroyd
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kavya Anjur
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Bensen
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ann Ming Yeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ana Vanessa A Wren
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Gao W, Li H, Yang J, Zhang J, Fu R, Peng J, Hu Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Li S, Zhang S. Machine Learning Assisted MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction in Clinicals. Anal Chem 2024; 96:13398-13409. [PMID: 39096240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) plays a critical role in assessing the resistance of individual microbial isolates and determining appropriate antimicrobial therapeutics in a timely manner. However, conventional AST normally takes up to 72 h for obtaining the results. In healthcare facilities, the global distribution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus fecium (VRE) infections underscores the importance of rapidly determining VRE isolates. Here, we developed an integrated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) screening strategy by combining matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) with machine learning to rapidly predict VRE from clinical samples. Over 400 VRE and vancomycin-susceptible E. faecium (VSE) isolates were analyzed using MALDI-MS at different culture times, and a comprehensive dataset comprising 2388 mass spectra was generated. Algorithms including the support vector machine (SVM), SVM with L1-norm, logistic regression, and multilayer perceptron (MLP) were utilized to train the classification model. Validation on a panel of clinical samples (external patients) resulted in a prediction accuracy of 78.07%, 80.26%, 78.95%, and 80.54% for each algorithm, respectively, all with an AUROC above 0.80. Furthermore, a total of 33 mass regions were recognized as influential features and elucidated, contributing to the differences between VRE and VSE through the Shapley value and accuracy, while tandem mass spectrometry was employed to identify the specific peaks among them. Certain ribosomal proteins, such as A0A133N352 and R2Q455, were tentatively identified. Overall, the integration of machine learning with MALDI-MS has enabled the rapid determination of bacterial antibiotic resistance, greatly expediting the usage of appropriate antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hang Li
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingxian Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- School of Computer Science & Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rongxin Fu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiaxi Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yechen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yitong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yingshi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Computer Science & Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuailong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Zhengzhou Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Tabatabaei FS, Shafeghat M, Azimi A, Akrami A, Rezaei N. Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors intermediate negative impacts of viral diseases, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory immune responses on the cardiovascular system. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39137281 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2392815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity globally, with chronic inflammation as a key modifiable risk factor. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), pivotal components of the innate immune system, including TLR-3, -7, -8, and -9 within endosomes, trigger intracellular cascades, leading to inflammatory cytokine production by various cell types, contributing to systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis. Recent research highlights the role of endosomal TLRs in recognizing self-derived nucleic acids during sterile inflammation, implicated in autoimmune conditions like myocarditis. AREAS COVERED This review explores the impact of endosomal TLRs on viral infections, autoimmunity, and inflammatory responses, shedding light on their intricate involvement in cardiovascular health and disease by examining literature on TLR-mediated mechanisms and their roles in CVD pathophysiology. EXPERT OPINION Removal of endosomal TLRs mitigates myocardial damage and immune reactions, applicable in myocardial injury. Targeting TLRs with agonists enhances innate immunity against fatal viruses, lowering viral loads and mortality. Prophylactic TLR agonist administration upregulates TLRs, protecting against fatal viruses and improving survival. TLRs play a complex role in CVDs like atherosclerosis and myocarditis, with therapeutic potential in modulating TLR reactions for cardiovascular health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Tabatabaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Shafeghat
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies (RCID), Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirali Azimi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashley Akrami
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies (RCID), Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Liu AB, Zhang Y, Tian P, Meng TT, Chen JL, Zhang D, Zheng Y, Su GH. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease among adult cancer patients: results from NHANES 2007-2018. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2259. [PMID: 39164696 PMCID: PMC11337603 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD is a major challenge for cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and association of MetS and CVD among adult cancer patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study included cancer patients aged > 18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. The prevalence of MetS and CVD was calculated using weighted analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between MetS and CVD. RESULTS The study included 2658 adult cancer patients, of whom 1260 exhibited MetS and 636 had CVD. The weighted prevalence of MetS and CVD in cancer patients was 45.44%, and 19.23%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression showed a 79% increased risk in higher CVD prevalence in cancer patients with MetS, with the OR (95% CI) of 1.79 (1.31, 2.44). Notably, obesity, elevated blood pressure (BP), high glucose, and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the MetS components were significantly associated with higher CVD prevalence after adjusting for covariates. Moreover, the risk of CVD prevalence in cancer patients increased with more MetS components. Notably, MetS was more strongly linked to CVD in patients aged < 65 and women. CONCLUSIONS Among adult cancer patients, over two-fifths (45.44%) were estimated to have MetS, while about one-fifth (19.23%) were considered to have CVD. Notably, obesity, elevated BP, high glucose, low HDL-C, and higher number of MetS components were found to be significantly associated with higher CVD prevalence among cancer adults. Cancer patients under 65 and women with MetS may be at increased risk of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An-Bang Liu
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Huaiyin District, No.6699, Qingdao Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Tian
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Ting-Ting Meng
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Huaiyin District, No.6699, Qingdao Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Lin Chen
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, No.7166, Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China.
| | - Guo-Hai Su
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Huaiyin District, No.6699, Qingdao Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Lixia District, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Lu J, Li M, He J, Xu Y, Zheng R, Zheng J, Qin G, Qin Y, Chen Y, Tang X, Ye Z, Xu M, Wang T, Shi L, Su Q, Yu X, Yan L, Zhao Z, Wan Q, Chen G, Gao Z, Wang G, Shen F, Gu X, Luo Z, Chen L, Hou X, Huo Y, Li Q, Qiao H, Zhang Y, Zeng T, Hu C, Cao Q, Jia X, Liu C, Wang Y, Wu S, Yang T, Deng H, Qi H, Wu X, Zhang D, Dai M, Li D, Lai S, Chen L, Zhao J, Mu Y, Hu W, Ning G, Hu R, Bi Y, Wang W. Association of social determinants, lifestyle, and metabolic factors with mortality in Chinese adults: A nationwide 10-year prospective cohort study. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101656. [PMID: 39067445 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Nationwide estimates of the impact of common modifiable risk factors on mortality remain crucial. We aim to assess the influence of social determinants, lifestyle, and metabolic factors on mortality in 174,004 adults aged ≥40 years from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study. We reveal that 17 modifiable factors are independently associated with mortality, accounting for 64.8% of all-cause mortality, 77.4% of cardiovascular mortality, and 44.8% of cancer mortality. Low education emerges as the leading factor for both all-cause and cancer mortality, while hypertension is predominant for cardiovascular mortality. Moreover, low gross domestic product per capita and high ambient particulate matter with a diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) air pollution account for 7.8% and 4.3% for all-cause mortality, respectively, using a different method. Gender-specific analyses reveal distinct patterns, with women's mortality primarily associated with social determinants and men exhibiting stronger associations with lifestyle factors. Targeted health interventions are essential to mitigate mortality risks effectively in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieli Lu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruizhi Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingfen Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiange Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Shi
- The Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, China
| | - Qing Su
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yan
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Wan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feixia Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zuojie Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Huo
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Qiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinfei Zhang
- Central Hospital of Shanghai Jiading District, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianshu Zeng
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyu Cao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Jia
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Youmin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shengli Wu
- Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tao Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huacong Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Qi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shenghan Lai
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lulu Chen
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiguo Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruying Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Cesaro A, Acerbo V, Indolfi C, Filardi PP, Calabrò P. The clinical relevance of the reversal of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Eur J Intern Med 2024:S0953-6205(24)00348-0. [PMID: 39164156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2024.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of death globally despite advances in preventive therapies. Understanding of the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, the interplay between lipoproteins, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and immune responses is critical to treating this disease. The development of vulnerable coronary plaques prone to thrombosis, can lead to acute coronary syndromes, for these reasons, the potential plaque stabilization and regression through pharmacological interventions, particularly lipid-lowering agents like statins and PCSK9 inhibitors is crucial. The imaging techniques such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) play a key role in assessing plaque composition and guiding interventional therapeutic strategies. Clinical evidence supports the efficacy of intensive lipid-lowering therapy in inducing plaque regression, with studies demonstrating reductions in plaque volume and improvements in plaque morphology assessed by IVUS, OCT and NIRS. While pharmacological interventions show promise in promoting plaque regression and stabilization, their impact on long-term cardiovascular events requires further investigation. Multimodality imaging and comprehensive outcome trials are proposed as essential tools for elucidating the relationship between plaque modification and clinical benefit in coronary atherosclerosis. The stabilization or regression of atherosclerotic plaque might serve as the phenomenon linking the reduction in LDL-C levels to the decrease in cardiovascular events. Overall, this review emphasizes the ongoing efforts to advance our understanding of ASCVD pathophysiology and optimize therapeutic approaches for improving patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Cesaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Division of Cardiology, A.O.R.N. "Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Acerbo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Division of Cardiology, A.O.R.N. "Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Ciro Indolfi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Division of Cardiology, A.O.R.N. "Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Wu D, Shi Y, Wang C, Li C, Lu Y, Wang C, Zhu W, Sun T, Han J, Zheng Y, Zhang L. Investigating the impact of extreme weather events and related indicators on cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:128. [PMID: 39160599 PMCID: PMC11331640 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of weather on human health has been proven, but the impact of extreme weather events on cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) needs to be urgently explored. OBJECTIVES Investigating the impact of extreme temperature, relative humidity (RH), and laboratory testing parameters at admission on adverse events in CMM hospitalizations. DESIGNS Time-stratified case-crossover design. METHODS A distributional lag nonlinear model with a time-stratified case-crossover design was used to explore the nonlinear lagged association between environmental factors and CMM. Subsequently, unbalanced data were processed by 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) and conditional logistic regression was employed to analyze the association between laboratory indicators and unplanned readmissions for CMM. Finally, the previously identified environmental factors and relevant laboratory indicators were incorporated into different machine learning models to predict the risk of unplanned readmission for CMM. RESULTS There are nonlinear associations and hysteresis effects between temperature, RH and hospital admissions for a variety of CMM. In addition, the risk of admission is higher under low temperature and high RH conditions with the addition of particulate matter (PM, PM2.5 and PM10) and O3_8h. The risk is greater for females and adults aged 65 and older. Compared with first quartile (Q1), the fourth quartile (Q4) had a higher association between serum calcium (HR = 1.3632, 95% CI: 1.0732 ~ 1.7334), serum creatinine (HR = 1.7987, 95% CI: 1.3528 ~ 2.3958), fasting plasma glucose (HR = 1.2579, 95% CI: 1.0839 ~ 1.4770), aspartate aminotransferase/ alanine aminotransferase ratio (HR = 2.3131, 95% CI: 1.9844 ~ 2.6418), alanine aminotransferase (HR = 1.7687, 95% CI: 1.2388 ~ 2.2986), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (HR = 1.4951, 95% CI: 1.2551 ~ 1.7351) were independently and positively associated with unplanned readmission for CMM. However, serum total bilirubin and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) showed negative correlations. After incorporating environmental factors and their lagged terms, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) demonstrated a more prominent predictive performance for unplanned readmission of CMM patients, with an average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.767 (95% CI:0.7486 ~ 0.7854). CONCLUSIONS Extreme cold or wet weather is linked to worsened adverse health effects in female patients with CMM and in individuals aged 65 years and older. Moreover, meteorologic factors and environmental pollutants may elevate the likelihood of unplanned readmissions for CMM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yu Shi
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - ChenChen Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Cheng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yaoqin Lu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Urumqi, Urumqi, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- School of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Junjie Han
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zheng
- School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Örüm D, Örüm MH, Kapıcı Y, Abuş S. Ten-year cardiovascular disease risk and related factors in lifetime marijuana use with comorbid methamphetamine-associated psychotic disorder: a QRISK ®3 study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:563. [PMID: 39160490 PMCID: PMC11334344 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine use and related direct and indirect problems are increasing all over the world. The coexistence of lifetime marijuana use (LMU) and methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) may also be accompanied by psychotic symptoms (MAP). Methamphetamine and marijuana use are known to pose risks for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, ten-year CVD risk and inflammation markers of LMU-MUD (non-psychosis group) and LMU-MAP (psychosis group) subjects and the relationship of various sociodemographic and clinical variables with these markers have not yet been examined. METHODS Thirty-two male subjects were included in non-psychosis group and 72 male subjects in psychosis group. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. Psychotic symptom severity of psychosis group subjects was measured. The ten-year CVD risk was calculated using QRISK®3 model. RESULTS Age, cigarettes/pack-years, alcohol use onset age, drug use onset age, methamphetamine use onset age, duration of methamphetamine use, education and marital status of the groups were similar (p > 0.05). There was a statistical difference between the non-psychosis and psychosis groups in terms of self-mutilation history (p < 0.001), suicidal attempt history (p = 0.007), homicidal attempt history (p = 0.002), psychiatric hospitalization history (p = 0.010). Ten-year QRISK®3 score was 4.90 ± 9.30 in the psychosis group, while it was 1.60 ± 1.43 in the non-psychosis group (p = 0.004). The mean heart age of the psychosis group was 14 years higher than their chronological age, while the mean heart age of the non-psychosis group was 8 years higher. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p = 0.003) was higher in the psychosis group. A significant correlation was detected between ten-year QRISK®3 and positive psychotic symptoms in the psychosis group (r = 0.274, p = 0.020). Regression analysis showed that self-mutilation history, NLR and relative risk obtained from QRISK®3 can be used to distinguish non-psychosis group and psychosis group subjects (sensitivity = 91.7; Nagelkerke R2 0.438; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study is important as it demonstrates for the first time that among the subjects using marijuana and methamphetamine, those with psychotic symptoms have a higher NLR and ten-year CVD risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Örüm
- Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey
| | | | - Yaşar Kapıcı
- Adıyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman, Turkey.
- Department of Psychiatry, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey.
| | - Sabri Abuş
- Adıyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Cervoni M, Sposato D, Ferri G, Bähre H, Leoni L, Rampioni G, Visca P, Recchiuti A, Imperi F. The diadenosine tetraphosphate hydrolase ApaH contributes to Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenicity. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012486. [PMID: 39159286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes a wide range of infections that are difficult to treat, largely because of the spread of antibiotic-resistant isolates. Antivirulence therapy, í.e. the use of drugs that inhibit the expression or activity of virulence factors, is currently considered an attractive strategy to reduce P. aeruginosa pathogenicity and complement antibiotic treatments. Because of the multifactorial nature of P. aeruginosa virulence and the broad arsenal of virulence factors this bacterium can produce, the regulatory networks that control the expression of multiple virulence traits have been extensively explored as potential targets for antivirulence drug development. The intracellular signaling molecule diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) has been reported to control stress resistance and virulence-related traits in some bacteria, but its role has not been investigated in P. aeruginosa so far. To fill this gap, we generated a mutant of the reference strain P. aeruginosa PAO1 that lacks the Ap4A-hydrolysing enzyme ApaH and, consequently, accumulates high intracellular levels of Ap4A. Phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that the lack of ApaH causes a drastic reduction in the expression of several virulence factors, including extracellular proteases, elastases, siderophores, and quorum sensing signal molecules. Accordingly, infection assays in plant and animal models demonstrated that ApaH-deficient cells are significantly impaired in infectivity and persistence in different hosts, including mice. Finally, deletion of apaH in P. aeruginosa clinical isolates demonstrated that the positive effect of ApaH on the production of virulence-related traits and on infectivity is conserved in P. aeruginosa. This study provides the first evidence that the Ap4A-hydrolysing enzyme ApaH is important for P. aeruginosa virulence, highlighting this protein as a novel potential target for antivirulence therapies against P. aeruginosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulia Ferri
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Heike Bähre
- Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Livia Leoni
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Giordano Rampioni
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Imperi
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Dodd JE, Hanna J, Brodmann M, Golledge J, Zeller T, Moscovic M, Dahm J, Troisi N, Tepe G, Wong J, Ward NC, Mwipatayi BP. Outcomes of drug-coated balloon angioplasty in patients with dyslipidemia in the BIOLUX P-III registry: A subgroup analysis. Vascular 2024:17085381241275795. [PMID: 39158589 DOI: 10.1177/17085381241275795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the mid-term outcomes of the use of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) to treat infrainguinal peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in patients with dyslipidemia. METHODS BIOLUX P-III is a prospective, international, multicenter, all-comers registry-based study that was conducted at 44 sites with follow-ups at 6, 12 and 24 months. The present study is a subgroup analysis comparing the outcomes associated with endovascular revascularization with those associated with Passeo-18 lux DCBs in patients with and without dyslipidemia. The proportions of patients free from major adverse events (defined as device- or procedure-related mortality within 30 days, clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) and major target limb amputation), target vessel revascularization, and patient-reported outcomes within 24 months postintervention were compared between the two groups. RESULTS A total of 876 patients with symptomatic PAD who underwent peripheral revascularization with DCBs and had information on their dyslipidemia status were included; 588 of those patients had dyslipidemia. There was no difference in the proportion of patients free from MAEs between the groups. The percentages of patients who were 6, 12 and 24 months free from CD-TLR were significantly lower in the dyslipidemia group than in the nondyslipidemia group (86.3% vs 91.9% at 2 years, p = .0183). Similarly, the percentage of patients free from target vessel revascularization was lower in the dyslipidemia group at all timepoints (83.3% vs 89.3% at 2 years, p = .0203). There was no difference in mortality or major or minor limb amputation rates. Other secondary outcomes were similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Compared to those without dyslipidemia, patients with symptomatic PAD and dyslipidemia who underwent revascularization with a Passeo-18 lux DCB had greater rates of CD-TLR and TVR. However, having dyslipidemia did not increase the risk of mortality or limb amputation. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02276313.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Evan Dodd
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Joseph Hanna
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- The Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Australia
| | - Thomas Zeller
- Clinic Cardiology and Angiology II, Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matej Moscovic
- Department of Angiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Johannes Dahm
- Department of Angiology and Cardiology, Herz- und Gefäßzentrum Neu-Bethlehem, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicola Troisi
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gunnar Tepe
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Wong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Natalie C Ward
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Bibombe Patrice Mwipatayi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
- School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Campbell AJ, Anpalagan K, Best EJ, Britton PN, Gwee A, Hatcher J, Manley BJ, Marsh J, Webb RH, Davis JS, Mahar RK, McGlothlin A, McMullan B, Meyer M, Mora J, Murthy S, Nourse C, Papenburg J, Schwartz KL, Scheuerman O, Snelling T, Strunk T, Stark M, Voss L, Tong SYC, Bowen AC. Whole-of-Life Inclusion in Bayesian Adaptive Platform Clinical Trials. JAMA Pediatr 2024:2822488. [PMID: 39158898 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.2697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Importance There is a recognized unmet need for clinical trials to provide evidence-informed care for infants, children and adolescents. This Special Communication outlines the capacity of 3 distinct trial design strategies, sequential, parallel, and a unified adult-pediatric bayesian adaptive design, to incorporate children into clinical trials and transform this current state of evidence inequity. A unified adult-pediatric whole-of-life clinical trial is demonstrated through the Staphylococcus aureus Network Adaptive Platform (SNAP) trial. Observations Bayesian methods provide a framework for synthesizing data in the form of a probability model that can be used in the design and analysis of a clinical trial. Three trial design strategies are compared: (1) a sequential adult-pediatric bayesian approach that involves a separate, deferred pediatric trial that incorporates existing adult trial data into the analysis model to potentially reduce the pediatric trial sample size; (2) a parallel adult-pediatric bayesian trial whereby separate pediatric enrollment occurs in a parallel trial, running alongside an adult randomized clinical trial; and (3) a unified adult-pediatric bayesian adaptive design that supports the enrollment of both children and adults simultaneously in a whole-of-life bayesian adaptive randomized clinical trial. The SNAP trial whole-of-life design uses a bayesian hierarchical model that allows information sharing (also known as borrowing) between trial age groups by linking intervention effects of children and adults, thereby improving inference in both groups. Conclusion and Relevance Bayesian hierarchical models may provide more precision for estimates of safety and efficacy of treatments in trials with heterogenous populations compared to traditional methods of analysis. They facilitate the inclusion of children in clinical trials and a shift from children deemed therapeutic orphans to the vision of no child left behind in clinical trials to ensure evidence for clinical practice exists across the life course. The SNAP trial provides an example of a bayesian adaptive whole-of-life inclusion design that enhances trial population inclusivity and diversity overall, as well as generalizability and translation of findings into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita J Campbell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Keerthi Anpalagan
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emma J Best
- Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The National Immunisation Advisory Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philip N Britton
- Sydney Medical School and Sydney Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Gwee
- Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Antimicrobials Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Hatcher
- Department of Microbiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
- Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation Research Department, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brett J Manley
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie Marsh
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Child Health research, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rachel H Webb
- Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics, Kidz First Children's 'Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Joshua S Davis
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert K Mahar
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Brendan McMullan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Meyer
- Neonatal Unit, Kidz First Middlemore Hospital Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health University of Auckland, Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jocelyn Mora
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Srinivas Murthy
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Clare Nourse
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jesse Papenburg
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kevin L Schwartz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, St Joseph's Health Centre - Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Oded Scheuerman
- Pediatrics B and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Schneider Children Medical Center Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Thomas Snelling
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tobias Strunk
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Neonatal Directorate Child and Adolescent Health Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Stark
- The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- The Department of Neonatal Medicine, The Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lesley Voss
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Steven Y C Tong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Asha C Bowen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Li X, Jiang H. Global, regional, and national burden of ischaemic heart disease and its attributable risk factors in youth from 1990 to 2019: a Global Burden of Disease study. Public Health 2024; 236:43-51. [PMID: 39159577 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to analyse the global, regional, and national burdens of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in adults aged 15-49 years and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019. STUDY DESIGN Epidemiological study. METHODS Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The estimated annual percentage change was used to evaluate temporal trends in incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of youth IHD. We selected IHD-associated risk factors, including five environmental/occupational factors, 16 behavioural risks, and five metabolic factors. We computed the age-standardised rates and percentage of age-standardised DALY rates attributable to these factors of youth IHD. RESULTS Globally, there were 2.26 million cases of incidence, 0.63 million deaths, and 30.58 million DALYs in 2019. The age-standardised incidence, death, and DALY rates decreased from 1990 to 2019, whereas the absolute number of incidences, deaths, and DALYs increased significantly. Globally, approximately 94.1% of age-standardised DALY rates from IHD in youths aged 15-49 years are attributable to risk factors listed in the GBD 2019 dataset. The leading global and regional risk factors for youth IHD in 2019 were high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (68.9%), high systolic blood pressure (51.2%), high body mass index (33.1%), smoking (30.5%), and ambient particulate-matter pollution (25.4%). CONCLUSIONS The burden of IHD among young people is still heavy, and metabolic risk factors are the leading drivers of IHD. Therefore, formulating relevant policies to control and treat cardiovascular risk factors is an effective measure to reduce the IHD burden in youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongfeng Jiang
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Zhang XT, Lin S, Wang XY, Guo HL, Cong YY, He X, Zhang CF, Yuan CS. Construction of a one-stop N-doped negatively charged carbon dot nanoplatform with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory dual activities for wound infection based on biocompatibility. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 677:1061-1074. [PMID: 39180841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The development of bacterial resistance significantly contributes to the persistence of infections. Although previous studies have highlighted the benefits of metal-doped positive carbon nanodots in managing bacterial wound infections, their mechanism of action is relatively simple and they may pose potential hazards to human cells. Therefore, it is essential to develop a one-stop carbon dot nanoplatform that offers high biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and anti-inflammatory activities for wound infection management. This study explores the antibacterial efficacy, without detectable resistance, and wound-healing potential of nitrogen-doped (N-doped) negatively charged carbon dots (TPP-CDs). These carbon dots are synthesized using tannic acid (TA), polyethylene polyamine, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as precursors, with a focus on their biocompatibility. Numerous systematic studies have shown that TPP-CDs can effectively destroy bacterial biofilms and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), while also inducing oxidative stress, leading to a potent antimicrobial effect. TPP-CDs also demonstrate the ability to scavenge excess free radicals, promote cellular proliferation, and inhibit inflammatory factors, all of which contribute to improved wound healing. TPP-CDs also demonstrate favorable cell imaging capabilities. These findings suggest that N-doped negatively charged TPP-CDs hold significant potential for treating bacterial infections and offer practical insights for their application in the medical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuai Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Ling Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Cong
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin He
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Tao Z, Zuo P, Ma G. The association between weight-adjusted waist circumference index and cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with diabetes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18973. [PMID: 39152145 PMCID: PMC11329698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69712-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant health concern, particularly among patients with diabetes. The weight-adjusted waist circumference index (WWI), a novel metric that accounts for central obesity, has shown potential in predicting obesity-related health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the association of WWI with CVD and mortality in patients with diabetes. Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2020, WWI was calculated by dividing waist circumference (WC) by the square root of body weight. Multivariate logistic regression, multivariate Cox regression and restricted cubic spline curves were used to assess the association between WWI and the prevalence of CVD and mortality in patients with diabetes, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were carried out to delve into the stability of the findings. The predictive performance of WWI was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). This study included 8,005 individuals with diabetes. With the increase in WWI values, the risk of developing CVD and the likelihood of mortality progressively rise. The fully adjusted continuous model indicated a 28% higher chance of developing CVD and a 25% higher risk of all-cause mortality for each one-unit increase in WWI. When using the lowest quartile of WWI as the reference category, the highest quartile was linked to an increased risk of CVD (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.10-2.50, p = 0.015) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.27-1.83, p < 0.001) among patients with diabetes. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed that these associations were consistent and stable in most different demographics. The ROC analysis indicated that WWI had a higher predictive capacity for CVD and all-cause mortality than WC, waist to hip ratio, and weight to height ratio. The WWI was significantly associated with the prevalence of CVD and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes in the United States and may serve as a useful tool for identifying individuals at risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaixiao Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Duan L, Tang C, Wang T, Hu J, Gao S, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Xu Q. Changes in Time Perception and Coping Strategies in Young Adults With Cancer: A Qualitative Study. Cancer Nurs 2024:00002820-990000000-00281. [PMID: 39150269 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000001398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A cancer diagnosis is a traumatic event. Youths, in the most crucial stage in a person's life course, are more susceptible to the influence of cancer. The diagnosis disrupts the original life and time plans of young adults with cancer, resulting in a reconstruction of time perception and changes in coping strategies. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the changes in time perception and coping strategies in young adults with cancer. METHODS A phenomenological research methodology was used in the qualitative study. Thirty-one young adults with cancer were recruited. Semistructured interviews were conducted with them, and the interview data were analyzed using Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method. RESULTS The study revealed 3 themes related to changes in time perception: perceived alterations in the speed of time, changes in remaining available time, and shifts in time preferences. Five themes were identified regarding coping strategies for changes in time perception: self-regulation of emotions, establishing spiritual beliefs, planning time effectively, returning to family life, and closure of the inner self. CONCLUSIONS Identifying changes in time perception among young adults with cancer through the speed of time, remaining available time, and time preference and guiding patients in adopting positive coping strategies can offer more effective cancer support and care for patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the changes in time perception in young adults with cancer and guide them to cope positively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisi Duan
- Author Affiliations: School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing (Mrs Duan, Ms Wang, Dr Tang, and Mrs Xu); School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang (Dr Hu); and Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Mrs Gao); and Departments of Nursing (Mrs L. Zhang) and Surgery (Mrs Y. Zhang), The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
118
|
Wu C, Li Y, Liu S, Wang L, Wang X. Catalpol inhibits HHcy-induced EndMT in endothelial cells by modulating ROS/NF-κB signaling. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:431. [PMID: 39148029 PMCID: PMC11328392 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-04046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis (AS). Endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) refers to the process in which endothelial cells lose endothelial cell morphology and characteristic gene expression, and acquire phenotypic characteristics and gene expression related to mesenchymal cells. Numerous studies have confirmed that EndMT is involved in the formation of atherosclerosis. Catalpol is one of the active components of Rehmannia, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotective and other biological activities. Studies have shown that catalpol can reduce atherosclerotic plaque induced by high sugar or fat. However, the effect of catalpol on HHCY-induced EndMT is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro HHcy-treated primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to construct a cell model, and the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and catalase alcohol were administered. In vivo C57BL/6N mice were given a diet fed with 4.4% high methionine chow to construct a HHcy mice model and were treated with catalpol. The results showed that hhcy could induce morphological transformation of endothelial cells into mesenchymal cells, increase intracellular ROS content, up-regulate α-SMA, N-cadherin, p-p65 protein expression, down-regulate VE-cadherin, CD31 protein expression, induce pathological changes of aortic root endothelium, and increase aortic endothelial ROS content. Catalpol reversed these hhcy induced outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Catalpol inhibits HHcy-induced EndMT, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway. Catalpol may be a potential drug for the treatment of HHcy-related AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical, University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuanhao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical, University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical, University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical, University, Xinxiang, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Xuehui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical, University, Xinxiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Yang K, Li J, Hui X, Wang W, Liu Y. Assessing the causal relationship between metabolic biomarkers and coronary artery disease by Mendelian randomization studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19034. [PMID: 39152174 PMCID: PMC11329738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of coronary artery disease (CAD) is significantly affected by impaired endocrine and metabolic status. Under this circumstance, improved prevention and treatment of CAD may result from knowing the connection between metabolites and CAD. This study aims to delve into the causal relationship between human metabolic biomarkers and CAD by using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Utilizing two-sample bidirectional MR analysis, we assessed the correlation between 1400 blood metabolites and CAD, and the metabolites data from the CLSA, encompassing 8299 participants. Metabolite analysis identified 1091 plasma metabolites and 309 ratios as instrumental variables. To evaluate the causal link between metabolites and CAD, we analyzed three datasets: ebi-a-GCST005195 (547,261 European & East Asian samples), bbj-a-159 (29,319 East Asian CAD cases & 183,134 East Asian controls), and ebi-a-GCST005194 (296,525 European & East Asian samples). To estimate causal links, we utilized the IVW method. To conduct sensitivity analysis, we used MR-Egger, Weighted Median, and MR-PRESSO. Additionally, we employed MR-Egger interception and Cochran's Q statistic to assess potential heterogeneity and pleiotropy. What's more, replication and reverse analyses were performed to verify the reliability of the results and the causal order between metabolites and disease. Furthermore, we conducted a pathway analysis to identify potential metabolic pathways. 59 blood metabolites and 27 metabolite ratios nominally associated with CAD (P < 0.05) were identified by IVW analysis method. A total of four known blood metabolites, namely beta-hydroxyisovaleroylcarnitine (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.027-1.094, FDR 0.07), 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.029-1.110, FDR 0.09), 1-stearoyl-2- docosahexaenoyl (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.034-1.113, FDR 0.07) and Linoleoyl-arachidonoyl-glycerol, (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.036-1.105, FDR 0.05), and two metabolite ratios, namely spermidine to N-acetylputrescine ratio (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.903-0.972, FDR 0.09) and benzoate to linoleoyl-arachidonoyl-glycerol ratio (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.879-0.962, FDR 0.07), were confirmed as having a significant causal relationship with CAD, after correcting for the FDR method (p < 0. 1). A causal relationship was found to be established between beta -hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine and CAD with the validation in other two datasets. Moreover, multiple metabolic pathways were discovered to be associated with CAD. Our study supports the hypothesis that metabolites have an impact on CAD by demonstrating a causal relationship between human metabolites and CAD. This study is important for new strategies for the prevention and treatment of CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixin Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshan Hui
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenru Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Agostini LDC, Silva NNT, Belo VDA, Luizon MR, Lima AA, da Silva GN. PHARMACOGENETICS OF ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACEI) AND ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR BLOCKERS (ARB) IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 981:176907. [PMID: 39154825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a high mortality rate, and despite the several available therapeutic targets, non-response to antihypertensives remains a common problem. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are important classes of drugs recommended as first-line therapy for several CVDs. However, response to ACEIs and ARBs varies among treated patients. Pharmacogenomics assesses how an individual's genetic characteristics affect their likely response to drug therapy. Currently, numerous studies suggest that genetic polymorphisms may contribute to variability in drug response. Moreover, further studies evaluating gene-gene interactions within signaling pathways in response to antihypertensives might help to unravel potential genetic predictors for antihypertensive response. This review summarizes the pharmacogenetic data for ACEIs and ARBs in patients with CVD, and discusses the potential pharmacogenetics of these classes of antihypertensives in clinical practice. However, replication studies in different populations are needed. In addition, studies that evaluate gene-gene interactions that share signaling pathways in the response to antihypertensive drugs might facilitate the discovery of genetic predictors for antihypertensive response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lívia da Cunha Agostini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CiPharma), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nayara Nascimento Toledo Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Almeida Belo
- Departamento de Farmácia (DEFAR), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rizzatti Luizon
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Angelica Alves Lima
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Mohanty S, Ye G, Sheets C, Cossrow N, Yu KC, White M, Klinker KP, Gupta V. Association Between Social Vulnerability and Streptococcus pneumoniae Antimicrobial Resistance in US Adults. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 79:305-311. [PMID: 38483935 PMCID: PMC11327797 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates antimicrobial resistance disproportionately affects individuals living in socially vulnerable areas. This study evaluated the association between the CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the United States. METHODS Adult patients ≥18 years with 30-day nonduplicate SP isolates from ambulatory/hospital settings from January 2011 to December 2022 with zip codes of residence were evaluated across 177 facilities in the BD Insights Research Database. Isolates were identified as SP AMR if they were non-susceptible to ≥1 antibiotic class (macrolide, tetracycline, extended-spectrum cephalosporins, or penicillin). Associations between SP AMR and SVI score (overall and themes) were evaluated using generalized estimating equations with repeated measurements within county to account for within-cluster correlations. RESULTS Of 8008 unique SP isolates from 574 US counties across 39 states, the overall proportion of AMR was 49.9%. A significant association between socioeconomic status (SES) theme and SP AMR was detected with higher SES theme SVI score (indicating greater social vulnerability) associated with greater risk of AMR. On average, a decile increase of SES, indicating greater vulnerability, was associated with a 1.28% increased risk of AMR (95% confidence interval [CI], .61%, 1.95%; P = .0002). A decile increase of household characteristic score was associated with a 0.81% increased risk in SP AMR (95% CI, .13%, 1.49%; P = .0197). There was no association between racial/ethnic minority status, housing type and transportation theme, or overall SVI score and SP AMR. CONCLUSIONS SES and household characteristics were the SVI themes most associated with SP AMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salini Mohanty
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gang Ye
- Data Science and Analytics, Becton, Dickinson & Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA
| | - Charles Sheets
- Data Science and Analytics, Becton, Dickinson & Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nicole Cossrow
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kalvin C Yu
- Medical Affairs, Becton, Dickinson & Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA
| | - Meghan White
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kenneth P Klinker
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Medical Affairs, Blue Health Intelligence, Chicago, IL 60601, USA
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Zhou J, Zeng Z, He L, Guo C, Ding N, Su Y, Qin J. The association of depressive symptoms with adverse clinical outcomes in hypertension: Data from SPRINT randomized trail. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:59-69. [PMID: 38768819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study intends to explore the effect of depressive symptoms on adverse clinical outcomes in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients. METHODS This post hoc analysis was conducted using data from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), and we used cox proportional risk regression to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and adverse clinical outcomes (primary outcome, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease(CVD) mortality, heart failure(HF), myocardial infarction(MI), non-myocardial infarction acute coronary syndrome(non-MI ACS)). RESULTS In a follow-up study of 9259 participants, we found that depression symptoms was significantly and positively associated with the primary outcome (HR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01-1.05; p for trend = 0.0038), all-cause mortality (HR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01-1.05; p for trend = 0.0308), HF(HR 1.05, 95%CI 1.01-1.08; p for trend = 0.0107), and non-MI ACS(HR 1.06, 95%CI 1.01-1.10; p for trend = 0.0120). Kaplan-Meier survival curves for depression symptoms severity (none, mild, moderate, and above) and adverse clinical outcomes suggested that for all but primary clinical outcomes, the cumulative risk of adverse clinical outcomes increased with increasing depression symptoms severity. CONCLUSION For middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients, depression symptoms exacerbates the risk of adverse clinical outcomes (primary outcome, all-cause mortality, CVD death, MI, HF, and non-MI ACS), and the risk increases with the severity of depression symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhou
- Endoscopic Medical Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China.
| | - Zhao Zeng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, NO.161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Liudang He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, NO.161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Cuirong Guo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, NO.161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, NO.161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Yingjie Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, NO.161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Jiao Qin
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, NO.161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Jiang W, Cheng Y, Hou L, Huang Y, Wang S, Zhang Y, Jiang T, Yang F, Ma Z. A dual-prodrug nanogel combining Vorinostat and Pyropheophorbide a for a high efficient photochemotherapy. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124422. [PMID: 38977163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The challenges posed by intractable relapse and metastasis in cancer treatment have led to the development of various forms of photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, traditional drug delivery systems, such as virus vectors, liposomes, and polymers, often suffer from issues like desynchronized drug release, carrier instability, and drug leakage during circulation. To address these problems, we have developed a dual-prodrug nanogel (PVBN) consisting of Pyro (Pyropheophorbide a) and SAHA (Vorinostat) bound to BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin), which facilitates synchronous and spontaneous drug release in situ within the lysosome. Detailed results indicate that PVBN-treated tumor cells exhibit elevated levels of ROS and Acetyl-H3, leading to necrosis, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, with PDT playing a dominant role in the synergistic therapeutic effect. Furthermore, the anti-tumor efficacy of PVBN was validated in melanoma-bearing mice, where it significantly inhibited tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis. Overall, our dual-prodrug nanogel, formed by the binding of SAHA and Pyro to BSA and releasing drugs within the lysosome, represents a novel and promising strategy for enhancing the clinical efficacy of photochemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwei Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University Hebei Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University Hebei Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University Hebei Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Sizhen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunchang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Chen Y, Zhong A. Causal effects of inflammatory cytokines on cardiovascular diseases: Insights from genetic evidence. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35447. [PMID: 39165962 PMCID: PMC11334864 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has not been fully elucidated. Exploring this relationship between circulating inflammatory cytokines and CVDs is crucial for early clinical diagnosis and effective treatment. Methods and Results This study investigated the causal relationships between 41 inflammatory cytokines and six CVDs: heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), unstable angina pectoris (UAP), stable angina pectoris (SAP), valvular heart disease (VHD), and aortic aneurysm (AA), using the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method. The primary analysis employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method within MR. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy were assessed through MR-Egger regression and the Q statistic. Strong evidence supported the effect of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) on MI (OR = 1.062, P < 0.001, FDR <0.001). Suggestive evidence showed that the Beta nerve growth factor increased the risk of MI (OR = 1.145, P = 0.025), but the stem cell factor (SCF) demonstrated a potential protective effect against MI (OR = 0.910, P = 0.04). SCF and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) exhibited potential protective effects against SAP. No inflammatory cytokine was associated with UAP. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 was linked to an increased risk of VHD (OR = 1.056, P = 0.049). Higher levels of interleukin-13 (IL-13), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), and growth-regulated oncogene-alpha were associated with increased susceptibility to HF. Elevated basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels exhibited protective effects against AA (OR = 0.751, P = 0.038). Reverse MR analyses revealed that AA significantly decreased circulating TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) levels (OR = 0.907, P < 0.001, FDR = 0.01). MI significantly increased circulating IL-12-p70 levels (OR = 1.146, P < 0.001, FDR = 0.014). Suggestive evidence indicated the Causal effects of six CVDs on 17 circulating inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions This study clarified the causal relationships between specific inflammatory cytokines and six CVDs, providing novel insights and evidence into the genetic involvement of inflammatory cytokines in CVDs. These inflammatory cytokines may be potential biomarkers for early disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China
| | - Aifang Zhong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Carota AG, Bonini A, Urban M, Poma N, Vivaldi FM, Tavanti A, Rossetti M, Rosati G, Merkoçi A, Di Francesco F. Low-cost inkjet-printed nanostructured biosensor based on CRISPR/Cas12a system for pathogen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116340. [PMID: 38718633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The escalating global incidence of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria, especially in developing countries, emphasises the urgent need for rapid and portable pathogen detection devices. This study introduces a sensitive and specific electrochemical biosensing platform utilising cost-effective electrodes fabricated by inkjet-printing gold and silver nanoparticles on a plastic substrate. The biosensor exploits the CRISPR/Cas12a system for detecting a specific DNA sequence selected from the genome of the target pathogen. Upon detection, the trans-activity of Cas12a/gRNA is triggered, leading to the cleavage of rationally designed single-strand DNA reporters (linear and hairpin) labelled with methylene blue (ssDNA-MB) and bound to the electrode surface. In principle, this sensing mechanism can be adapted to any bacterium by choosing a proper guide RNA to target a specific sequence of its DNA. The biosensor's performance was assessed for two representative pathogens (a Gram-negative, Escherichia coli, and a Gram-positive, Staphylococcus aureus), and results obtained with inkjet-printed gold electrodes were compared with those obtained by commercial screen-printed gold electrodes. Our results show that the use of inkjet-printed nanostructured gold electrodes, which provide a large surface area, in combination with the use of hairpin reporters containing a poly-T loop can increase the sensitivity of the assay corresponding to a signal variation of 86%. DNA targets amplified from various clinically isolated bacteria, have been tested and demonstrate the potential of the proposed platform for point-of-need applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Gilda Carota
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Bonini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Massimo Urban
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemi Poma
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Maria Vivaldi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Arianna Tavanti
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marianna Rossetti
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulio Rosati
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arben Merkoçi
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Fabio Di Francesco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Rea F. Progress in cardiovascular mortality: Latest data on mortality from ischemic heart disease. Int J Cardiol 2024; 409:132192. [PMID: 38795970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Rea
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Ikhimiukor OO, Zac Soligno NI, Akintayo IJ, Marcovici MM, Souza SSR, Workman A, Martin IW, Andam CP. Clonal background and routes of plasmid transmission underlie antimicrobial resistance features of bloodstream Klebsiella pneumoniae. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6969. [PMID: 39138200 PMCID: PMC11322185 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Bloodstream infections caused by the opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae are associated with adverse health complications and high mortality rates. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) limits available treatment options, thus exacerbating its public health and clinical burden. Here, we aim to elucidate the population structure of K. pneumoniae in bloodstream infections from a single medical center and the drivers that facilitate the dissemination of AMR. Analysis of 136 short-read genome sequences complemented with 12 long-read sequences shows the population consisting of 94 sequence types (STs) and 99 clonal groups, including globally distributed multidrug resistant and hypervirulent clones. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing and in silico identification of AMR determinants reveal high concordance (90.44-100%) for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, carbapenems, cephalosporins, quinolones, and sulfonamides. IncF plasmids mediate the clonal (within the same lineage) and horizontal (between lineages) transmission of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene blaCTX-M-15. Nearly identical plasmids are recovered from isolates over a span of two years indicating long-term persistence. The genetic determinants for hypervirulence are carried on plasmids exhibiting genomic rearrangement, loss, and/or truncation. Our findings highlight the importance of considering both the genetic background of host strains and the routes of plasmid transmission in understanding the spread of AMR in bloodstream infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Odion O Ikhimiukor
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Nicole I Zac Soligno
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ifeoluwa J Akintayo
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael M Marcovici
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie S R Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Adrienne Workman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Isabella W Martin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Cheryl P Andam
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Teng J, Prabhakar S, Rajnik M, Susi A, Hisle-Gorman E, Nylund CM, Brown J. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Delivery of Congenital Syphilis Care in the Military Health System. Mil Med 2024:usae392. [PMID: 39141422 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usae392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital syphilis (CS) case rates have increased significantly in the United States over the past 20 years, accelerating during the COVID-19 pandemic. Increasing rates may relate to access to care but have not been evaluated in a fully-insured population, such as the Military Health System. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a repeated monthly cross-sectional study of CS cases and total encounters (care rates) using the queried Military Health System database. We defined CS by International Classifications of Diseases 10th Revision Clinical Modification diagnosis codes in beneficiaries ≤ 2 years old. We evaluated pre-COVID-19 (March 2018 to February 2020), pandemic year 1 (March 2020 to February 2021), and pandemic year 2 (March 2021 to February 2022) periods. We performed change-point and trend analyses and Poisson regression to evaluate differences by sponsor rank, TRICARE region, and pandemic period. The Uniformed Services University Institutional Review Board approved the study. RESULTS A total of 69 unique CS cases were identified with a median monthly care rate of 0.90/100,000 eligible beneficiaries. The CS care rate showed a 5.8% average monthly percent increase throughout the study period (P < .001) and a 20.8% average monthly percent increase in year 2 (P < .05). Compared to the pre-pandemic era, CS care rates increased in pandemic years 1 and 2 (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 2.76 [95% CI: 1.95-3.92], 5.52 [95% CI: 4.05-7.53], respectively). Congenital syphilis care rates were lower in children of senior enlisted sponsors versus junior enlisted, aRR 0.24 (95% CI: 0.17-0.33), and higher in the West and North regions versus South, aRR 2.45 (95% CI: 1.71-3.53) and aRR 2.88 (95% CI: 2.01-4.12), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Congenital syphilis care rates were substantially lower in this insured group than national rates but increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher care rates were seen in children of military members of lower rank. Regional trends differed from national data. These findings suggest that, even in a fully-insured population, income and regional differences impact CS, and the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated differences in care delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Teng
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Sarah Prabhakar
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Michael Rajnik
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Apryl Susi
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hisle-Gorman
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Cade M Nylund
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Jill Brown
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Zhou J, Huang H, Huang H, Peng J, Chen W, Chen F, Tang Y, Li Q, Xiong Y, Zhou L. Association of triglyceride-glucose index and its combination with adiposity-related indices with the incidence of myocardial infarction: a cohort study from the UK Biobank. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01612-5. [PMID: 39143294 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index performs better at reflecting insulin resistance when combined with waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) than when used alone. This study aimed to prospectively examine the relationships between TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR with the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and its subtypes. METHODS This cohort study included 370,390 participants from the UK Biobank. The Cox proportional hazards model and restricted cubic spline regression model were used to assess the associations of TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR with MI, ST-elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were employed to examine the predictive value of four indicators. RESULTS The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MI in the highest quartiles for TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR were 1.36 (1.28-1.44), 1.47 (1.39-1.56), 1.53 (1.43-1.64), and 1.58 (1.48-1.68) in the fully-adjusted model. Comparable findings were observed when the outcomes were reclassified as STEMI or NSTEMI. However, the associations of TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR with the risk of STEMI were weaker than MI and NSTEMI. A linear dose-response association between TyG and the risk of MI and NSTEMI were demonstrated. TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR all showed nonlinear patterns in their associations with the risk of MI, STEMI, and NSTEMI. TyG-WC was most effective in diagnosing MI (AUC: 0.648, 95% CI: 0.644-0.653), STEMI (AUC: 0.631, 95% CI: 0.622-0.639), and NSTEMI (AUC: 0.647, 95% CI: 0.641-0.654). CONCLUSION The TyG index was linearly associated with increased risk of MI and NSTEMI, whereas TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR were nonlinearly associated with increased risk of MI and NSTEMI. There were distinct patterns in the relationships between these indicators with STEMI. TyG-WC provided the best diagnostic effectiveness for MI, STEMI, and NSTEMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Fuli Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yijia Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Qiyong Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Long Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Johnson OD, Paul S, Gutierrez JA, Russell WK, Ward MC. DNA damage-associated protein co-expression network in cardiomyocytes informs on tolerance to genetic variation and disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.14.607863. [PMID: 39185220 PMCID: PMC11343126 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.14.607863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with both genetic variants and environmental factors. One unifying consequence of the molecular risk factors in CVD is DNA damage, which must be repaired by DNA damage response proteins. However, the impact of DNA damage on global cardiomyocyte protein abundance, and its relationship to CVD risk remains unclear. We therefore treated induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes with the DNA-damaging agent Doxorubicin (DOX) and a vehicle control, and identified 4,178 proteins that contribute to a network comprising 12 co-expressed modules and 403 hub proteins with high intramodular connectivity. Five modules correlate with DOX and represent distinct biological processes including RNA processing, chromatin regulation and metabolism. DOX-correlated hub proteins are depleted for proteins that vary in expression across individuals due to genetic variation but are enriched for proteins encoded by loss-of-function intolerant genes. While proteins associated with genetic risk for CVD, such as arrhythmia are enriched in specific DOX-correlated modules, DOX-correlated hub proteins are not enriched for known CVD risk proteins. Instead, they are enriched among proteins that physically interact with CVD risk proteins. Our data demonstrate that DNA damage in cardiomyocytes induces diverse effects on biological processes through protein co-expression modules that are relevant for CVD, and that the level of protein connectivity in DNA damage-associated modules influences the tolerance to genetic variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar D. Johnson
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- MD-PhD Combined Degree Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Sayan Paul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jose A. Gutierrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - William K. Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Michelle C. Ward
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Du P, Cristarella T, Goyer C, Moride Y. A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Congenital and Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura. J Blood Med 2024; 15:363-386. [PMID: 39161536 PMCID: PMC11330749 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s464365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital (cTTP) and immune-mediated (iTTP) thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura are serious and rare clotting disorders resulting from a deficiency in the ADAMTS13 enzyme. A systematic review was conducted using the Ovid® MEDLINE & Embase databases to synthesize the epidemiology and burden of cTTP and iTTP worldwide (from January 1, 2010, to February 6, 2020, with an update that covered the period January 1, 2020-February 11, 2022). Outcomes of interest were incidence and prevalence of TTP, incidence of acute episodes, mortality, burden of illness (eg complications, healthcare utilization, patient-reported outcomes) and disease management. A total of 221 eligible observational studies were included. The incidence rate of acute episodes ranged from 0.19-0.35 person-years in adult patients with cTTP, and 1.81-3.93 per million persons per year for iTTP in the general population. Triggers of acute episodes were similar for cTTP and iTTP, with pregnancy and infection the most commonly observed. Exacerbation in patients with iTTP varied widely, ranging from 2.4-63.1%. All-cause mortality was observed in 0-13.4% of patients with cTTP, across studies and follow-up periods, and in 1.1% (median follow-up: 0.4 years) to 18.8% (1 year) of patients with iTTP during acute episodes. Cardiovascular, renal, and neurological disease were common complications. TTP also led to work disturbances, feelings of anxiety and depression, and general activity impairment. TTP treatment regimens used were generally reflective of current treatment guidelines. The evidence identified describes a high patient burden, highlighting the need for effective treatment regimens leading to improvements in outcomes. Considerable evidence gaps exist, particularly for disease epidemiology, patient-reported outcomes, costs of disease management, and associated healthcare resource utilization. This review may help increase disease awareness and highlights the need for additional real-world studies, particularly in geographical regions outside the United States and Western Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Du
- Global Evidence and Outcomes, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Yola Moride
- YolaRX Consultants Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Treatment Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Bonini D, Duggan S, Alnahari A, Brignoli T, Strahl H, Massey RC. Lipoteichoic acid biosynthesis by Staphylococcus aureus is controlled by the MspA protein. mBio 2024; 15:e0151224. [PMID: 39037275 PMCID: PMC11323550 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01512-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus produces a plethora of virulence factors critical to its ability to establish an infection and cause disease. We have previously characterized a small membrane protein, MspA, which has pleiotropic effects on virulence and contributes to S. aureus pathogenicity in vivo. Here we report that mspA inactivation triggers overaccumulation of the essential cell wall component, lipoteichoic acid (LTA), which, in turn, decreases autolytic activity and leads to increased cell size due to a delay in cell separation. We show that MspA directly interacts with the enzymes involved in LTA biosynthesis (LtaA, LtaS, UgtP, and SpsB), interfering with their normal activities. MspA, in particular, interacts with the type I signal peptidase SpsB, limiting its cleavage of LtaS into its active form. These findings suggest that MspA contributes to maintaining a physiological level of LTA in the cell wall by interacting with and inhibiting the activity of SpsB, thereby uncovering a critical role for the MspA protein in regulating cell envelope biosynthesis and pathogenicity.IMPORTANCEThe S. aureus cell envelope, comprising the cytoplasmic membrane, a thick peptidoglycan layer, and the anionic polymers lipoteichoic acid and wall teichoic acids, is fundamental for bacterial growth and division, as well as being the main interface between the pathogen and the host. It has become increasingly apparent that the synthesis and turnover of cell envelope components also affect the virulence of S. aureus. In this study, we show that MspA, an effector of S. aureus virulence, contributes to the maintenance of normal levels of lipoteichoic acid in the cell wall, with implications on cell cycle and size. These findings further our understanding of the connections between envelope synthesis and pathogenicity and suggest that MspA represents a promising target for the development of future therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dora Bonini
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Seána Duggan
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Alaa Alnahari
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarcisio Brignoli
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Henrik Strahl
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth C. Massey
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Sun H, Tian Y, Wu H, Zhu C, Lin L, Chen S, Wu S, Wu Y. Chinese visceral adipose index is more closely associated with risk of arterial stiffness than traditional obesity indicators: a cohort study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:196. [PMID: 39143568 PMCID: PMC11323351 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) is a new index to evaluate visceral adipose tissue in the Chinese population. Arterial stiffness (AS) is a kind of degeneration of the large arteries, and obesity is an essential contributing factor to AS. Our study aimed to explore the longitudinal association between CVAI and the risk of AS and to compare the predictive power of CVAI, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) for AS. METHODS Between 2010 and 2020, a total of 14,877 participants participating in at least two brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurements from the Kailuan study were included. The Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed to evaluate the longitudinal association between CVAI and the risk of AS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to compare the predictive power of CVAI, BMI, and WC for AS. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounding factors, CVAI was significantly associated with the risk of AS. Compared with the first CVAI quartile, the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI of the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 1.30 (1.09-1.56), 1.37 (1.15-1.63), and 1.49 (1.24-1.78), respectively. The area under ROC curve of CVAI was 0.661, significantly higher than BMI (AUC: 0.582) and WC (AUC: 0.606). CONCLUSION CVAI may be a reliable indicator to identify high-risk groups of AS in the Chinese general population, and the predictive power of CVAI for AS was better than BMI and WC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Sun
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, China
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Yan Tian
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Chenrui Zhu
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Liming Lin
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Yuntao Wu
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Wang J, Jia N, Zhu K, Xu K, Yan M, Lan M, Liu J, Liu B, Shen T, He Q. Shock Wave Therapy Alleviates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury by Inhibiting Both Apoptosis and Ferroptosis. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2024; 2024:8753898. [PMID: 39170930 PMCID: PMC11338664 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8753898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Shock wave therapy (SWT) is a new alternative therapy for patients with severe coronary artery disease that improves myocardial ischemic symptoms by delivering low-energy shock wave stimulation to ischaemic myocardium with low-energy pulsed waves. However, the specific mechanism of its protective effect is not fully understood, especially for the protective mechanism in cardiomyocytes after hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). We selected a rat H9c2 cardiomyocyte cell line to establish a stable H/R cardiomyocyte injury model by hypoxia/reoxygenation, and then used SWT for therapeutic intervention to explore its cardiomyocyte protective mechanisms. The results showed that SWT significantly increased cell viability and GSH levels while decreasing LDH levels, ROS levels, and MDA levels. SWT also improved mitochondrial morphology and function of cells after H/R. Meanwhile, we found that SWT could increase the expression of GPX4, xCT, and Bcl-2, while decreasing the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ferroptosis. Moreover, this protective effect of SWT on cardiomyocytes could be significantly reversed by knockdown of xCT, a key regulator protein of ferroptosis. In conclusion, our study shows that SWT can attenuate hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced myocardial injury and protect cardiomyocyte function by inhibiting H/R-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis, and this therapy may have important applications in the treatment of clinical myocardial ischemic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Wang
- Department of CardiologyBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of CardiologyBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Na Jia
- Department of CardiologyBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kaiyi Zhu
- Department of CardiologyShanxi Bethune HospitalShanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
- The Key Laboratory of GeriatricsBeijing Institute of GeriatricsInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of GeriatricsBeijing Institute of GeriatricsInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mingjing Yan
- The Key Laboratory of GeriatricsBeijing Institute of GeriatricsInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ming Lan
- Department of CardiologyBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Junmeng Liu
- Department of CardiologyBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of CardiologyBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tao Shen
- The Key Laboratory of GeriatricsBeijing Institute of GeriatricsInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qing He
- Department of CardiologyBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Li Y, Lu B, Wei J, Wang Q, Ma W, Wang R, Xu R, Zhong Z, Luo L, Chen X, Lv Z, Huang S, Sun H, Liu Y. Short-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter constituents and myocardial infarction mortality. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143101. [PMID: 39151575 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Short-term ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been related to an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) death, but which PM2.5 constituents are associated with MI death and to what extent remain unclear. We aimed to explore the associations of short-term exposure to PM2.5 constituents with MI death and evaluate excess mortality. We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study on 237,492 MI decedents in Jiangsu province, China during 2015-2021. Utilizing a validated PM2.5 constituents grid dataset at 1 km spatial resolution, we estimated black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), sulfate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), and chloride (Cl-) exposure by extracting daily concentrations grounding on the home address of each subject. We employed conditional logistic regression models to evaluate the exposure-response relationship between PM2.5 constituents and MI death. Overall, per interquartile range (IQR) increase of BC (lag 06-day; IQR: 1.75 μg/m3) and SO42- (lag 04-day; IQR: 5.06 μg/m3) exposures were significantly associated with a 3.91% and 2.94% increase in odds of MI death, respectively, and no significant departure from linearity was identified in the exposure-response curves for BC and SO42-. If BC and SO42- exposures were reduced to theoretical minimal risk exposure concentration (0.89 μg/m3 and 1.51 μg/m3), an estimate of 4.55% and 4.80% MI deaths would be avoided, respectively. We did not find robust associations of OC, NO3-, NH4+, and Cl- exposures with MI death. Individuals aged ≥80 years were more vulnerable to PM2.5 constituent exposures in MI death (p for difference <0.05). In conclusion, short-term exposure to PM2.5-bound BC and SO42- was significantly associated with increased odds of MI death and resulted in extensive excess mortality, notably in older adults. Our findings emphasized the necessity of reducing toxic PM2.5 constituent exposures to prevent deaths from MI and warranted further studies on the relative contribution of specific constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wancheng Ma
- Luohu District Chronic Disease Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Luohu District Chronic Disease Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruijun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihua Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Luo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ziquan Lv
- Department of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Suli Huang
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuewei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Xiong Q, Zhang Y, Li J, An Y, Yu S. Comparison of cardiovascular disease risk association with metabolic unhealthy obesity identified by body fat percentage and body mass index: Results from the 1999-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305592. [PMID: 39141628 PMCID: PMC11324142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among individuals across different categories of metabolic obesity phenotypes is controversial. The study used body fat percentage (BFP) or body mass index (BMI) to categorize obese status and to investigate the association between metabolic obesity phenotypes and CVD risk in a nationally representative population. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 49463 adult participants in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2020. Metabolic healthy status was defined by the absence of metabolic syndrome according to the revised National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Group definition. Obesity was identified by BFP, assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, and BMI. The primary outcome was CVD prevalence. The multivariable logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to examine the associations between metabolic obesity phenotypes and the risk of CVD. RESULTS Among 49463 adult participants, 32.12% were metabolically unhealthy, 34.10% were overweight, 37.94% were obese; and 8.41% had CVD. Compared with metabolic healthy normal weight, metabolic healthy obesity, and metabolic unhealthy normal weight/overweight/obesity were all associated with increased CVD risk with adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.45 (1.14-1.85), 2.80(1.53-5.11), 2.55(1.88-3.47), and 2.96(2.18-4.02), respectively. Nonlinear dose-response relationships between BFP and CVD were observed both in metabolically healthy and unhealthy participants (both P for non-linearity<0.0001). When obesity was defined with BMI, there were a similar prevalence of obesity, and similar associations between metabolic obesity phenotypes and CKD risks. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic healthy and unhealthy obesity were both associated with higher risks of CVD, whether using BFP or BMI to define obese status. It suggests that metabolic obesity phenotype is a risk factor for CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaping An
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Yang C, Robledo-Avila FH, Partida-Sanchez S, Montgomery CP. α-Hemolysin-mediated endothelial injury contributes to the development of Staphylococcus aureus-induced dermonecrosis. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0013324. [PMID: 38953668 PMCID: PMC11320951 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00133-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin (Hla) is a pore-forming toxin critical for the pathogenesis of skin and soft tissue infections, which causes the pathognomonic lesion of cutaneous necrosis (dermonecrosis) in mouse models. To determine the mechanism by which dermonecrosis develops during S. aureus skin infection, mice were given control serum, Hla-neutralizing antiserum, or an inhibitor of Hla receptor [A-disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) inhibitor] followed by subcutaneous infection by S. aureus, and the lesions were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Hla induced apoptosis in the vascular endothelium at 6 hours post-infection (hpi), followed by apoptosis in keratinocytes at 24 hpi. The loss of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin expression preceded the loss of epithelial-cadherin expression. Hla also induced hypoxia in the keratinocytes at 24 hpi following vascular injury. Treatment with Hla-neutralizing antibody or ADAM10 inhibitor attenuated early cleavage of VE-cadherin, cutaneous hypoxia, and dermonecrosis. These findings suggest that Hla-mediated vascular injury with cutaneous hypoxia underlies the pathogenesis of S. aureus-induced dermonecrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching Yang
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Frank H. Robledo-Avila
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Santiago Partida-Sanchez
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher P. Montgomery
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Luo J, Shao H, Song Y, Chao Y. Lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio is associated with in-hospital cardiac death in elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1431137. [PMID: 39193497 PMCID: PMC11347352 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1431137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is recommended by guidelines, data from the real world suggest that elderly non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients have a low rate of PCI and a high death rate. Lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCR), a novel inflammatory marker, has been shown to be associated with prognosis in a variety of diseases. However, the relationship between LCR and in-hospital cardiac death in elderly NSTEMI patients is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LCR on in-hospital cardiac death in elderly NSTEMI patients without PCI therapy. Methods This was a single-center retrospective observational study, consecutively enrolled elderly (≥75 years) patients diagnosed with NSTEMI and without PCI from February 2019 to February 2024. LCR was defined as lymphocyte count to C-reactive protein ratio. The endpoint of observation was in-hospital cardiac death. The predictive efficacy of the old and new models was evaluated by the net reclassification index (NRI) and the integrated discriminant improvement index (IDI). Results A total of 506 patients were enrolled in this study, and in-hospital cardiac death occurred in 54 patients (10.7%). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that left ventricular ejection fraction, LCR, Killip ≥2, and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide proteins (NT-proBNP) were associated with the occurrence of in-hospital cardiac death. After adjusting for potential confounders, the results showed that NT-proBNP (OR = 1.695, 95% CI: 1.238-2.322) and LCR (OR = 0.262, 95% CI: 0.072-0.959) were independent risk factors for in-hospital cardiac death. After the addition of LCR to NT-proBNP, the predictive ability of the new model for in-hospital cardiac death was significantly improved (NRI = 0.278, P = 0.030; IDI = 0.017, P < 0.001). Conclusion Lower LCR is an independent risk factor for in-hospital cardiac death in elderly NSTEMI patients without PCI, and integrating LCR improves the prediction of in-hospital cardiac death occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Han Shao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yali Chao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Jiang C, Yu C, Sun S, Lin J, Cai M, Wei Z, Feng L, Li J, Zhang Y, Dong K, Guo X, Qin J, Zhang Y. A new anti-CRISPR gene promotes the spread of drug-resistance plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:8370-8384. [PMID: 38888121 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae, Kp) populations carrying both resistance-encoding and virulence-encoding mobile genetic elements (MGEs) significantly threaten global health. In this study, we identified a new anti-CRISPR gene (acrIE10) on a conjugative plasmid with self-target sequence in K. pneumoniae with type I-E* CRISPR-Cas system. AcrIE10 interacts with the Cas7* subunit of K. pneumoniae I-E* CRISPR-Cas system. The crystal structure of the AcrIE10-KpCas7* complex suggests that AcrIE10 suppresses the I-E* CRISPR-Cas by binding directly to Cas7 to prevent its hexamerization, thereby preventing the surveillance complex assembly and crRNA loading. Bioinformatic and functional analyses revealed that AcrIE10 is functionally widespread across diverse species. Our study reports a novel anti-CRISPR and highlights its potential role in spreading resistance and virulence among pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chengzhi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, State Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, State Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiajia Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mufeng Cai
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhenquan Wei
- Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lingling Feng
- Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ke Dong
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaokui Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinhong Qin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology (National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, State Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Cheong HH, Zuo W, Chen J, Un CW, Si YW, Wong KH, Kwok HF, Siu SWI. Identification of Anticancer Peptides from the Genome of Candida albicans: in Silico Screening, in Vitro and in Vivo Validations. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:6174-6189. [PMID: 39008832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Anticancer peptides (ACPs) are promising future therapeutics, but their experimental discovery remains time-consuming and costly. To accelerate the discovery process, we propose a computational screening workflow to identify, filter, and prioritize peptide sequences based on predicted class probability, antitumor activity, and toxicity. The workflow was applied to identify novel ACPs with potent activity against colorectal cancer from the genome sequences of Candida albicans. As a result, four candidates were identified and validated in the HCT116 colon cancer cell line. Among them, PCa1 and PCa2 emerged as the most potent, displaying IC50 values of 3.75 and 56.06 μM, respectively, and demonstrating a 4-fold selectivity for cancer cells over normal cells. In the colon xenograft nude mice model, the administration of both peptides resulted in substantial inhibition of tumor growth without causing significant adverse effects. In conclusion, this work not only contributes a proven computational workflow for ACP discovery but also introduces two peptides, PCa1 and PCa2, as promising candidates poised for further development as targeted therapies for colon cancer. The method as a web service is available at https://app.cbbio.online/acpep/home and the source code at https://github.com/cartercheong/AcPEP_classification.git.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hin Cheong
- Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Weimin Zuo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Chon-Wai Un
- Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yain-Whar Si
- Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Koon Ho Wong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Shirley W I Siu
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, R. de Luís Gonzaga Gomes, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Institute of Science and Environment, University of Saint Joseph, Estrada Marginal da Ilha Verde 14-17, Macau SAR 999078, China
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Dai Y, Junho CVC, Schieren L, Wollenhaupt J, Sluimer JC, van der Vorst EPC, Noels H. Cellular metabolism changes in atherosclerosis and the impact of comorbidities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1446964. [PMID: 39188527 PMCID: PMC11345199 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1446964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell activation and nutrient dysregulation are common consequences of atherosclerosis and its preceding risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. These diseases may also impact cellular metabolism and consequently cell function, and the other way around, altered cellular metabolism can impact disease development and progression through altered cell function. Understanding the contribution of altered cellular metabolism to atherosclerosis and how cellular metabolism may be altered by co-morbidities and atherosclerosis risk factors could support the development of novel strategies to lower the risk of CVD. Therefore, we briefly review disease pathogenesis and the principles of cell metabolic pathways, before detailing changes in cellular metabolism in the context of atherosclerosis and comorbidities. In the hypoxic, inflammatory and hyperlipidemic milieu of the atherosclerotic plaque riddled with oxidative stress, metabolism shifts to increase anaerobic glycolysis, the pentose-phosphate pathway and amino acid use. We elaborate on metabolic changes for macrophages, neutrophils, vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and lymphocytes in the context of atherosclerosis and its co-morbidities hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Since causal relationships of specific key genes in a metabolic pathway can be cell type-specific and comorbidity-dependent, the impact of cell-specific metabolic changes must be thoroughly explored in vivo, with a focus on also systemic effects. When cell-specific treatments become feasible, this information will be crucial for determining the best metabolic intervention to improve atherosclerosis and its interplay with co-morbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusang Dai
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Physical Examination Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Carolina Victoria Cruz Junho
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Luisa Schieren
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Wollenhaupt
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Judith C. Sluimer
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Cardiorenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen Campus, Aachen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heidi Noels
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Cardiorenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen Campus, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Bizuayehu HM, Dadi AF, Ahmed KY, Tegegne TK, Hassen TA, Kibret GD, Ketema DB, Bore MG, Thapa S, Odo DB, Kassa ZY, Shifti DM, Amsalu E, Sarich P, Venchiarutti RL, Melaku YA, Kibret KT, Habte A, Mefsin YM, Seid A, Belachew SA. Burden of 30 cancers among men: Global statistics in 2022 and projections for 2050 using population-based estimates. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 39129420 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men exhibit higher prevalence of modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, leading to greater cancer incidence and lower survival rates. Comprehensive evidence on global cancer burden among men, including disparities by age group and country, is sparse. To address this, the authors analyzed 30 cancer types among men in 2022, with projections estimated for 2050. METHODS The 2022 GLOBOCAN estimates were used to describe cancer statistics for men in 185 countries/territories worldwide. Mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) were calculated by dividing age-standardized mortality rates by incidence rates. RESULTS In 2022, a high MIR (indicating poor survival) was observed among older men (aged 65 years and older; 61%) for rare cancer types (pancreatic cancer, 91%) and in countries with low a Human Development Index (HDI; 74%). Between 2022 and 2050, cancer cases are projected to increase from 10.3 million to 19 million (≥84%). Deaths are projected to increase from 5.4 million to 10.5 million (≥93%), with a greater than two-fold increase among men aged 65 years and older (≥117%) and for low-HDI and medium-HDI countries/territories (≥160%). Cancer cases and deaths are projected to increase among working-age groups (≥39%) and very-high-HDI countries/territories (≥50%). CONCLUSIONS Substantial disparities in cancer cases and deaths were observed among men in 2022, and these are projected to widen by 2050. Strengthening health infrastructure, enhancing workforce quality and access, fostering national and international collaborations, and promoting universal health coverage are crucial to reducing cancer disparities and ensuring cancer equity among men globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Abel F Dadi
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kedir Y Ahmed
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Teketo Kassaw Tegegne
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tahir Ahmed Hassen
- Center for Women's Health Research, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Getiye Dejenu Kibret
- College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Bekele Ketema
- College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meless G Bore
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Subash Thapa
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Bogale Odo
- National Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Zemenu Y Kassa
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Desalegn Markos Shifti
- Child Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Erkihun Amsalu
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Peter Sarich
- The Daffodil Center, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Venchiarutti
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yohannes Adama Melaku
- FHMRI Sleep (Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelemu Tilahun Kibret
- Global Center for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aklilu Habte
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - Yonatan M Mefsin
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Abdulbasit Seid
- Australian Living Evidence Collaborations, School of Public Health and Prevention Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sewunet Admasu Belachew
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Bilbrey T, Martin J, Zhou W, Bai C, Vaswani N, Shah R, Chokshi SK, Chen X, Bhusri S, Niemi S, Meng H, Lei Z. A Dual-Modality Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program for Adults with Cardiovascular Disease: Single-Arm Remote Clinical Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024. [PMID: 39150858 DOI: 10.2196/59098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a safe and effective intervention for individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the majority of eligible patients do not complete CR. Growing evidence suggests that home-based CR (HBCR) programs are comparable in effectiveness and safety to traditional center-based programs. More research is needed to explore different ways to deliver HBCR programs to CVD patients. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the feasibility and impact of a digital HBCR program (RecoveryPlus.Health, RPH-D) that integrates both telehealth and mHealth modalities on functional exercise capacity, resting heart rate, and quality of life among adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS This 12-week prospective, single-arm remote clinical trial used a within-subject design. We recruited adults with CVD (age 40+) from the community with a CR-eligible diagnosis (stable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure, etc.) between May and August of 2023. All enrolled patients referred to the RPH clinic in Roanoke, TX were included. The care team provided guideline-concordant CR services to study participants via two modalities: 1) a synchronous telehealth exercise training via video conferencing; and 2) an asynchronous mHealth virtual coaching App (RPH App). Baseline intake survey, electronic health record (EHR), and app log data were used to extract individual characteristics, care processes, and telehealth/mHealth engagement data. Feasibility was measured by program completion rate and CR services use. Efficacy was measured by changes in 6-minute walk test (6MWT), resting heart rate, and quality of life (SF-12) before and after the 12-week program. Paired t tests were used to examine the changes in the outcome variables pre-post intervention. RESULTS A total of 162 met the inclusion criteria, 75 (46.3%) consented and were enrolled. The participants' average age was 64.24 (SD 10.30) years; 37 (49%) were male, and 46 (61%) were White. Heart failure was the most common diagnosis (49%). A total of 62 (83%) participants completed the 12-week study, 62 (83%) used the telehealth modality with an average of 9.63 (SD 3.33) sessions completed, and 59 (79%) used the mHealth modality with an average of 10.97 (SD 11.70) sessions completed. Post intervention, 50 (81%) participants had improved 6MWT, with an average improvement of 40.0 meters (95% CI, 25.6 to 57.1). The average SF-12 physical and mental summary scores improved by 2.7 points (95% CI, 1.1 to 4.3) and 2.2 points (95% CI, 0.1 to 4.5), respectively. There were no changes in resting heart rate and no exercise-related adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS The RecoveryPlus.Health digital HBCR program showed feasibility and efficacy in a group of nationally recruited CVD patients. The findings add to the evidence that a telehealth and mHealth dual-modality HBCR program may be a promising approach to overcome some of the main barriers to improving CR access in the U.S. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05804500.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen Zhou
- RecoveryPlus.Health, Inc., New York, US
| | | | | | | | | | - Xi Chen
- RecoveryPlus.Health, Inc., New York, US
| | | | | | - Hongdao Meng
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 13301 Bruce B Downs BlvdMHC1300, Tampa, US
| | - Zhen Lei
- RecoveryPlus.Health, Inc., New York, US
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Xie K, Xiao C, Lin L, Li F, Hu W, Yang Y, Chen D, Miao Z, Sun TY, Yan Y, Zheng JS, Chen YM. Erythrocyte Very Long-Chain Saturated Fatty Acids, Gut Microbiota-Bile Acid Axis, and Incident Coronary Artery Disease in Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00456-5. [PMID: 39128547 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has highlighted inverse associations between concentrations of circulating very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFAs) and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the intricate links involving VLCSFAs, gut microbiota, and bile acids remain underexplored. OBJECTIVES This study examined the association of erythrocyte VLCSFAs with CHD incidence, focusing on the mediating role of gut microbiota and fecal bile acids. METHODS This 10-y prospective study included 2383 participants without CHD at baseline. Erythrocyte VLCSFAs [arachidic acid (C20:0), behenic acid (C22:0), and lignoceric acid (C24:0)] were measured using gas chromatography at baseline, and 274 CHD incidents were documented in triennial follow-ups. Gut microbiota in 1744 participants and fecal bile acid metabolites in 945 participants were analyzed using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry at middle-term. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for CHD incidence in highest compared with lowest quartiles were 0.87 (0.61, 1.25) for C20:0, 0.63 (0.42, 0.96) for C22:0, 0.59 (0.41, 0.85) for C24:0, and 0.57 (0.39, 0.83) for total VLCSFAs. Participants with higher total VLCSFA concentrations exhibited increased abundances of Holdemanella, Coriobacteriales Incertae Sedis spp., Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 and UCG-010, and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group. These 5 genera generated overlapping differential microbial scores (ODMSs) that accounted for 11.52% of the total VLCSFAs-CHD association (Pmediation = 0.018). Bile acids tauro_α_ and tauro_β_muricholic acid were inversely associated with ODMS and positively associated with incident CHD. Opposite associations were found for glycolithocholic acid and glycodeoxycholic acid. Mediation analyses indicated that glycolithocholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, and tauro_α_ and tauro_β_muricholic acid explained 56.40%, 35.19%, and 26.17% of the ODMS-CHD association, respectively (Pmediation = 0.002, 0.008, and 0.020). CONCLUSIONS Elevated erythrocyte VLCSFAs are inversely associated with CHD risk in the Chinese population, with gut microbiota and fecal bile acid profiles potentially mediating this association. The identified microbiota and bile acid metabolites may serve as potential intervention targets in future studies. This trial was registered at registry name as NCT03179657.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keliang Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congmei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lishan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanqin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingdi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danyu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zelei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Yu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ju-Sheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China; School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Tečić Vuger A, Separovic R, Tolaney SM, Trapani D. Globalization of clinical research in oncology: Status, challenges, and future directions. J Cancer Policy 2024; 42:100500. [PMID: 39134147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2024.100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer is the second-leading cause of death worldwide, and its burden is increasing around the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Yet, cancer research has historically been conducted primarily in high-income countries (HICs). METHODS In this review, we describe the results of our literature search into the current state of international cancer trials, including the benefits, challenges, limitations, and ethical concerns regarding the international conduct of HIC-led trials. We also propose some possible means of addressing these challenges and overcoming these barriers to extend the benefits of cancer research to people around the world. RESULTS Over the last several decades, there has been a shift toward inclusion of investigators and participants from LMICs in pivotal cancer clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS While inclusion of LMIC countries has benefits, including increased diversity of participant populations, investment in research infrastructure in LMICs, and potential expansion of cancer treatment options around the world, the continued leadership of most trials by HICs presents ethical concerns, including potential exploitation of researchers and participants from LMICs, lack of focus on cancer types prevalent in all participating regions, and disparities in access to approved therapies once the trial is complete.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tečić Vuger
- University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Separovic
- University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, Croatia; University of Juraj Dobrila, Pula, Croatia
| | | | - Dario Trapani
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UNIUPO) "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Lhilali I, Zouine N, Godderis L, El Midaoui A, El Jaafari S, Filali-Zegzouti Y. Relationship between Vitamin D Insufficiency, Lipid Profile and Atherogenic Indices in Healthy Women Aged 18-50 Years. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:2337-2357. [PMID: 39194949 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14080155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Although vitamin D insufficiency has been correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), there are few data on the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and atherogenic indices predictive of CVD. This study investigated the relationship of vitamin D status with lipid profile and atherogenic indices in adult women in Morocco. Three hundred women aged 18 to 50 years from Meknes were included. Fasting 25(OH)D and lipid concentrations were assayed by a one-step electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassay and an enzymatic method, respectively. Atherogenic indices (atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), atherogenic coefficient (AC), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C), Castelli risk indices I and II (CRI-I and II), and CHOLIndex (CI)) were calculated using conventional lipid parameters. Logistic regression models and operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were used to assess the relationship of the variables and estimate the threshold of 25(OH)D levels associated with high atherogenic indices. 25(OH) D below 20 ng/mL was significantly associated with an enhanced risk of hypertriglyceridemia and elevated values of AIP, AC, non-HDL-C, and CRI-I with an OR (95% CI) of 4.904 (1.856-12.959), 3.637 (2.149-6.158), 3.589 (1.673-7.700), 2.074 (1.215-3.540), and 2.481 (1.481-4.123), respectively. According to the ROC analysis, the likelihood of hypertriglyceridemia and high values of AIP, AC, non-HDL-C, and CRI-I were associated with 25(OH)D thresholds ≤15.15 ng/mL, ≤17.5 ng/mL, ≤19.8 ng/mL, ≤20.1 ng/mL, and ≤19.5 ng/mL, respectively, all p < 0.01. Based on the atherogenic indices, this study indicates that vitamin D below 20 ng/mL may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in adult women. Additional health measures are essential to raise awareness among women and health professionals of preventing and controlling cardiovascular risk factors, particularly among young individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Lhilali
- Cluster of Competence Environment and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Meknes 50000, Morocco
| | - Noura Zouine
- Cluster of Competence Environment and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Meknes 50000, Morocco
| | - Lode Godderis
- Centre for Health and Environment Unit, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Adil El Midaoui
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Samir El Jaafari
- Cluster of Competence Environment and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco
| | - Younes Filali-Zegzouti
- Cluster of Competence Environment and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco
- BASE Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Wang K, Ji J, Zhang H, Sun Z, Shao Q, Xu W, Wang Q, Wang X, Cheng F. Association of sleep characteristics with stroke incidence and all-cause mortality: A cross-sectional study in the United States. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107918. [PMID: 39128502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke represents a significant health crisis in the United States, claiming approximately 140,000 lives annually and ranking as the fifth leading cause of death. OBJECTIVE Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for 2005 to 2008, this study examines the correlation between various sleep characteristics and both stroke morbidity and all-cause mortality among U.S. adults. METHODS We applied logistic regression, Cox regression, and subgroup analyses to a sample of 7,827 adults aged 18 and older from NHANES 2005-2008. The study focused on six sleep characteristics: duration of sleep, sleep onset latency, snoring frequency, number of awakenings, frequency of leg spasms during sleep, and daytime sleepiness, analyzing their impacts on stroke incidence and mortality rates. RESULTS Participants had an average age of 45.80 ± 0.45 years, with females accounting for 48.13 % of the sample. Analysis revealed significant associations between sleep duration, onset latency, number of awakenings, leg spasms, and daytime sleepiness with stroke incidence. However, these associations weakened with increasing confounders. Additionally, stroke patients showed a higher likelihood of using sleep aids. The influence of sleep disturbances on stroke appeared more pronounced in females and younger demographics. An association was also noted between the number of awakenings, sleep duration, and stroke mortality rates CONCLUSIONS: The study reinforces the critical role of maintaining healthy sleep patterns in preventing strokes and enhancing stroke prognosis, emphasizing specific sleep disturbances as potential risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ji
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haojia Zhang
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zijin Sun
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Shao
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxiu Xu
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingguo Wang
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fafeng Cheng
- Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Wang C, Zheng Y, Luo Z, Xie J, Chen X, Zhao L, Cao W, Xu Y, Wang F, Dong X, Tan F, Li N, He J. Socioeconomic characteristics, cancer mortality, and universal health coverage: A global analysis. MED 2024; 5:926-942.e3. [PMID: 38761802 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all individuals attaining accessible health interventions at an affordable cost. We examined current patterns and temporal trends of cancer mortality and UHC across sociodemographic index (SDI) settings, and quantified these association. METHODS We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and Our World in Data. The UHC effective coverage index was obtained to assess the potential population health gains delivered by health systems. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to quantify the trend of cancer age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR). A generalized linear model was applied to estimate the association between ASMR and UHC. FINDINGS The high (EAPC = -0.9% [95% CI, -1.0%, -0.9%]) and high-middle (-0.9% [-1.0%, -0.8%]) SDI regions had the fastest decline in ASMR (per 100,000) for total cancers from 1990 to 2019. The overall UHC effective coverage index increased by 27.9% in the high-SDI quintile to 62.2% in the low-SDI quintile. A negative association was observed between ASMR for all-cancer (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.87 [0.76, 0.99]), stomach (0.73 [0.56, 0.95]), breast (0.64 [0.52, 0.79]), cervical (0.42 [0.30, 0.60]), lip and oral cavity (0.55 [0.40, 0.75]), and nasopharynx (0.42 [0.26, 0.68]) cancers and high UHC level (the lowest as the reference). CONCLUSIONS Our findings strengthen the evidence base for achieving UHC to improve cancer outcomes. FUNDING This work is funded by the China National Natural Science Foundation and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenran Wang
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yadi Zheng
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zilin Luo
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Xie
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Chen
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Xu
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesi Dong
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Ni Li
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Gamage CKW, De Zoysa PT, Balasuriya A, Fernando NFJ. Anxiety, depression, and Type D personality in ischaemic heart disease patients receiving treatment from outpatient clinics in a government hospital in Sri Lanka. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2024; 4:26. [PMID: 39120785 PMCID: PMC11315848 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-024-00080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety, depression, and Type D personality are strongly correlated with the prognosis of IHD and the effectiveness of therapy. The main purpose of this study was to assess the proportions and associations of anxiety, depression, and Type D personality among clinically stable IHD patients (aged 18-60) treated at an outpatient clinic operated by a government hospital in Sri Lanka, who were diagnosed with IHD within the preceding three months. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was analysed using SPSS® version 23.0. The validated Sinhalese version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to measure anxiety and depression, while the DS-14 was used to determine Type D personality traits. RESULTS Among the 399 patients, 29.8% (n = 119) had anxiety, 24.8% (n = 99) had depression, and 24.6% (n = 24.6) had Type D personality. The level of anxiety had a significant association with depression (p = 0.002) and Type D personality (p = 0.003). Furthermore, depression was significantly associated with ethnicity (p = 0.014), occupation (p = 0.010), and type D personality (p = 0.009). Type D personality was the strongest predictor of anxiety, with patients being 1.902 times more likely to experience anxiety (95% CI 1.149-3.148; p = 0.012). Anxiety was a significant predictor of depression, with patients being 1.997 times more likely to experience depression (95% CI 1.210-3.296; p = 0.007). Non-Sinhalese ethnic background was also a significant predictor of depression (OR: 0.240; 95% CI 0.073-0.785; p = 0.018). Anxiety increased the likelihood of having Type D personality traits by 1.899 times (95% CI 1.148-3.143; p = 0.013). CONCLUSION The current study recommends the importance of screening and treating the psychological risk factors of IHD patients parallel to their IHD treatment to improve their prognosis. These insights highlight the need for targeted interventions that address depression, anxiety and the impact of Type D personality traits in enhancing the overall management and prognosis of IHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandima Kumara Walpita Gamage
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia, Sri Lanka.
| | | | - Aindralal Balasuriya
- Department of Para Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia, Sri Lanka
| | - Neil Francis Joseph Fernando
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Zuin M, Malagù M, Vitali F, Balla C, De Raffele M, Ferrari R, Boriani G, Bertini M. Trends in atrial fibrillation-related mortality in Europe, 2008-2019. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2024; 10:467-478. [PMID: 38289824 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Update data regarding the atrial fibrillation (AF)-related mortality trend in Europe remain scant. We assess the age- and sex-specific trends in AF-related mortality in the European states between the years 2008 and 2019. METHODS AND RESULTS Data on cause-specific deaths and population numbers by sex for European countries were retrieved through the publicly available World Health Organization mortality dataset for the years 2008-2019. Atrial fibrillation-related deaths were ascertained when the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code I48 was listed as the underlying cause of death in the medical death certificate. To calculate annual trends, we assessed the average annual % change (AAPC) with relative 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Joinpoint regression. During the study period, 773 750 AF-related deaths (202 552 males and 571 198 females) occurred in Europe. The age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) linearly increased from 12.3 (95% CI: 11.2-12.9) per 100 000 population in 2008 to 15.3 (95% CI: 14.7-15.7) per 100 000 population in 2019 [AAPC: +2.0% (95% CI: 1.6-3.5), P < 0.001] with a more pronounced increase among men [AAPC: +2.7% (95% CI: 1.9-3.5), P < 0.001] compared with women [AAPC: +1.7% (95% CI: 1.1-2.3), P < 0.001] (P for parallelism 0.01). Higher AAMR increases were observed in some Eastern European countries such as Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland, while the lower increases were mainly clustered in Central Europe. CONCLUSION Over the last decade, the age-adjusted AF-related mortality has increased in Europe, especially among males. Disparities still exist between Western and Eastern European countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zuin
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'S. Anna', Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Malagù
- Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'S. Anna', Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Vitali
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'S. Anna', Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Balla
- Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'S. Anna', Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina De Raffele
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrari
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Italy University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'S. Anna', Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|