151
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Azad M, Afolabi A, Bhakay A, Leonardi J, Davé R, Bilgili E. Enhanced physical stabilization of fenofibrate nanosuspensions via wet co-milling with a superdisintegrant and an adsorbing polymer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:372-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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152
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Bhattacharjee S, Brayden DJ. Development of nanotoxicology: implications for drug delivery and medical devices. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:2289-305. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current nanotoxicology research suffers from suboptimal in vitro models, lack of in vitro–in vivo correlations, variability within in vitro protocols, deficits in both material purity and physicochemical characterization. Reliable nanomaterial toxicity and mechanistic insights are required for health and toxicity risk assessments. Much in vitro toxicological data is inconclusive in designating whether nanomaterials for drug delivery and medical device implants are truly safe. A critique is presented to analyze the interface between toxicology and nanopharmaceuticals. Deficiencies of existing practices in toxicology are reviewed and useful emerging techniques (e.g., lab-on-a-chip, tissue engineering, atomic force microscopy, high-content analysis) are highlighted. Cross-fertilization between disciplines will aid development of biocompatible delivery and implant platforms while improvements are being suggested for better translation of nanotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Brayden
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
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153
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Loh ZH, Samanta AK, Sia Heng PW. Overview of milling techniques for improving the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. Asian J Pharm Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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154
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Murphy CJ, Vartanian A. Biological Responses to Engineered Nanomaterials: Needs for the Next Decade. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2015; 1:117-23. [PMID: 27162961 PMCID: PMC4827556 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.5b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of nanomaterials with biomolecules, cells, and organisms is an enormously vital area of current research, with applications in nanoenabled diagnostics, imaging agents, therapeutics, and contaminant removal technologies. Yet the potential for adverse biological and environmental impacts of nanomaterial exposure is considerable and needs to be addressed to ensure sustainable development of nanomaterials. In this Outlook four research needs for the next decade are outlined: (i) measurement of the chemical nature of nanomaterials in dynamic, complex aqueous environments; (ii) real-time measurements of nanomaterial-biological interactions with chemical specificity; (iii) delineation of molecular modes of action for nanomaterial effects on living systems as functions of nanomaterial properties; and (iv) an integrated systems approach that includes computation and simulation across orders of magnitude in time and space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ariane
M. Vartanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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155
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Naik S, Chaudhuri B. Quantifying Dry Milling in Pharmaceutical Processing: A Review on Experimental and Modeling Approaches. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:2401-13. [PMID: 26096636 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Particle size reduction by mechanical means is an important unit operation in the pharmaceutical industry, used to improve flow, solubility, and in amorphization of drugs. It is usually achieved by the fracturing of particles under the action of applied energy. Despite being pervasive in the pharmaceutical field, it is one of the least understood processes owing to the complexity of material and process variables involved during milling. To comprehend the process, efforts should be focused on techniques that measure the particle size as well as the control the process. With the ongoing initiative of US FDA to encourage design in quality, the review is focused on some process analytical tools to characterize particle size distribution as well as process modeling tools to simulate particle size reduction. Additionally, an overview of some fundamental aspects related to milling is provided. To this end, the review is limited, mainly concentrating on some of experimental and modeling approaches used to quantify and understand the physics behind the process of dry milling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Naik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
| | - Bodhisattwa Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269.,Institute of Material Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
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156
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Leone F, Cavalli R. Drug nanosuspensions: a ZIP tool between traditional and innovative pharmaceutical formulations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1607-25. [PMID: 25960000 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1043886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A nanosuspension or nanocrystal suspension is a versatile formulation combining conventional and innovative features. It comprises 100% pure drug nanoparticles with sizes in the nano-scale range, generally stabilized by surfactants or polymers. Nanosuspensions are usually obtained in liquid media with bottom-up and top-down methods or by their combination. They have been designed to enhance the solubility, the dissolution rate and the bioavailability of drugs via various administration routes. Due to their small sizes, nanosuspensions can be also considered a drug delivery nanotechnology for the preparation of nanomedicine products. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the state of the art of the nanocrystal-based formulation. It describes theory characteristics, design parameters, preparation methods, stability issues, as well as specific in vivo applications. Innovative strategies proposed to obtain nanomedicine formulation using nanocrystals are also reported. EXPERT OPINION Many drug nanodelivery systems have been developed to increase the bioavailability of drugs and to decrease adverse side effects, but few can be industrially manufactured. Nanocrystals can close this gap by combining traditional and innovative drug formulations. Indeed, they can be used in many pharmaceutical dosage forms as such, or developed as new nano-scaled products. Engineered surface nanocrystals have recently been proposed as a dual strategy for stability enhancement and targeting delivery of nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Leone
- a 1 University of Torino, Department of Drug Science and Technology , Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy.,b 2 Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- c 3 University of Torino, Department of Drug Science and Technology , Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy +011 6707686 ;
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157
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Kumar S, Shen J, Zolnik B, Sadrieh N, Burgess DJ. Optimization and dissolution performance of spray-dried naproxen nano-crystals. Int J Pharm 2015; 486:159-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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158
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Wang G, Wang J, Wu W, Tony To SS, Zhao H, Wang J. Advances in lipid-based drug delivery: enhancing efficiency for hydrophobic drugs. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1475-99. [PMID: 25843160 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1021681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many drug candidates with high therapeutic efficacy have low water solubility, which limits the administration and transport across physiological barriers, for example, the tumor tissue barrier. Therefore, strategies are needed to permeabilize the physiological barriers safely so that hydrophobic drugs may be delivered efficiently. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on prospects for therapeutic application of lipid-based drug delivery carriers that increase hydrophobic drugs to improve their solubility, bioavailability, drug release, targeting and absorption. Moreover, novel techniques to prepare for lipid-based drug delivery to extend pharmaceuticals with poor bioavailability such as surface modifications of lipid-based drug delivery are presented. Industrial developments of several drug candidates employing these strategies are discussed, as well as applications and clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION Overall, hydrophobic drugs can be encapsulated in the lipid-based drug delivery systems, represent a relatively safe and promising strategy to extend drug retention, lengthen the lifetime in the circulation, and allow active targeting to specific tissues and controllable drug release in the desirable sites. However, there are still noticeable gaps that need to be filled before the theoretical advantage of these formulations may truly be realized such as investigation on the use of lipid-based drug delivery for administration routes. This research may provide further interest within the area of lipid-based systems, both in industry and in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Department of Pharmaceutics , Shanghai , China
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159
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Varshosaz J, Minaiyan M, Zaki MR, Fathi M, Jaleh H. In vitro/in vivo evaluation of agar nanospheres for pulmonary delivery of bupropion HCl. Drug Deliv 2015; 23:1948-54. [PMID: 25835223 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1025314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bupropion HCl is an atypical antidepressant drug with rapid and high first-pass metabolism. Sustained release dosage form of this drug is suggested for reducing its side effects which are mainly seizures. The aim of the present study was to design pulmonary agar nanospheres of bupropion HCl with effective systemic absorption and extended release properties. Bupropion HCl was encapsulated in agar nanospheres by ionic gelation, and characterized for physical and release properties. Pharmacokinetic studies on nanospheres were performed on rats by intratracheal spraying of 5 mg/kg of drug in form of nanospheres compared to intravenous and pulmonary delivery of the same dose as simple solution of the drug. The optimized nanoparticles showed particle size of 320 ± 90 nm with polydispersity index of 0.85, the zeta potential of -29.6 mV, drug loading efficiency of 43.1 ± 0.28% and release efficiency of 66.7 ± 2%. The area under the serum concentration-time profile for the pulmonary nanospheres versus simple solution was 10 237.84 versus 28.8 µg/ml min, Tmax of 360 versus 60 min and the Cmax of 1927.93 versus9.93 ng/ml, respectively. The absolute bioavailability of the drug was 86.69% for nanospheres and 0.25% for pulmonary simple solution. Our results indicate that pulmonary delivery of bupropion loaded agar nanospheres achieves systemic exposure and extends serum levels of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Varshosaz
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Mohsen Minaiyan
- b Department of Pharmacology , School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zaki
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science , Isfahan , Iran .,c Exir Pharmaceutical Company , Boroojerd , Iran
| | - Milad Fathi
- d Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture , Isfahan University of Technology , Isfahan , Iran , and
| | - Hossein Jaleh
- e Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
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160
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Murdande SB, Shah DA, Dave RH. Impact of nanosizing on solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:2094-2102. [PMID: 25821105 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative determination of solubility and the initial dissolution rate enhancement of crystalline nanoparticles were critically investigated using a separation-based approach (ultracentrifugation and filtration). Four poorly soluble model compounds (griseofulvin, celecoxib, compound-X, and fenofibrate) were used in this investigation. The effect of the stabilizer concentration on the solubility of the unmilled compound was determined first to quantify its impact on the solubility and used for comparing solubility enhancement upon nanosizing. Methodologies were established for ultracentrifugation, ensuring satisfactory separation of crystalline nanoparticles. The data obtained using separation-based methodologies proved to be accurate, reproducible, and were in fair agreement with what would be predicted from the Ostwald-Freundlich equation. The dissolution studies under sink conditions were proved to be less efficient in quantifying the initial dissolution rate of crystalline nanoparticles. Nonsink dissolution experiments were able to reduce the high-dissolution velocity of nanoparticles and generated the best discriminative dissolution profile. The enhancement in initial dissolution rate was significantly less than that expected from the Noyes-Whitney equation based on surface area change. This discriminatory dissolution method can potentially be used further in the modeling of crystalline nanoparticles during drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad B Murdande
- Drug Product Design, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut 06340.
| | - Dhaval A Shah
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - Rutesh H Dave
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
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161
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Attari Z, Bhandari A, Jagadish PC, Lewis S. Enhanced ex vivo intestinal absorption of olmesartan medoxomil nanosuspension: Preparation by combinative technology. Saudi Pharm J 2015; 24:57-63. [PMID: 26903769 PMCID: PMC4720021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop nanosuspension based on combinative technology to enhance the intestinal absorption of Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM), a potent antihypertensive agent with limited oral bioavailability. Two combinative approaches were employed and then characterized. In vitro intestinal absorption of OLM nanosuspension and plain OLM was studied using non-everted rat intestinal sac model. Optimal OLM nanosuspension was prepared by a combination of ball milling and probe sonication using stabilizer, Poloxamer 407. The formula exhibited particle size of 469.9 nm and zeta potential of −19.1 mV, which was subjected to ex vivo studies. The flux and apparent permeability coefficient in intestine from OLM nanosuspension was higher than the plain drug, thereby suggesting better drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenab Attari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Amita Bhandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - P C Jagadish
- Department of Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Shaila Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
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162
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Berberine nanosuspension enhances hypoglycemic efficacy on streptozotocin induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:239749. [PMID: 25866534 PMCID: PMC4381853 DOI: 10.1155/2015/239749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid and active ingredient of Coptis, has been demonstrated to possess antidiabetic activities. However its low oral bioavailability restricts its clinical application. In this report, Ber nanosuspension (Ber-NS) composed of Ber and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) was prepared by high pressure homogenization technique. Antidiabetic effects of Ber-NS relative to efficacy of bulk Ber were evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. The particle size and zeta potential of Ber-NS were 73.1 ± 3.7 nm and 6.99 ± 0.17 mV, respectively. Ber-NS (50 mg/kg) treatment via oral gavage for 8 weeks resulted in a superior hypoglycemic and total cholesterol (TC) and body weight reduction effects compared to an equivalent dose of bulk Ber and metformin (Met, 300 mg/kg). These data indicate that a low dosage Ber-NS decreases blood glucose and improves lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic C57BL/6 mice. These results suggest that the delivery of Ber as a nanosuspension is a promising approach for treating type 2 diabetes.
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163
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Soulairol I, Tarlier N, Bataille B, Cacciaguerra T, Sharkawi T. Spray-dried solid dispersions of nifedipine and vinylcaprolactam/vinylacetate/PEG6000 for compacted oral formulations. Int J Pharm 2015; 481:140-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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164
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165
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166
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Ehmann HA, Baumgartner R, Reischl D, Roblegg E, Zimmer A, Resel R, Werzer O. One Polymorph and Various Morphologies of Phenytoin at a Silica Surface Due to Preparation Kinetics. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2015; 15:326-332. [PMID: 25593545 PMCID: PMC4288062 DOI: 10.1021/cg501391j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of solid crystalline films at surfaces is of great interest in a variety of fields. Within this work the preparation of pharmaceutically relevant thin films containing the active pharmaceutical ingredient phenytoin is demonstrated. The preparation techniques applied include drop casting, spin coating, and vacuum deposition. For the solution processed samples a decisive impact of the solution concentration and the applied film fabrication technique is observed; particular films form for all samples but with their extensions along different crystallographic directions strongly altered. Vacuum deposition of phenytoin reveals amorphous films, which over time crystallize into needle-like or particular-type structures whereby a nominal thickness of 50 nm is required to achieve a fully closed layer. Independent of all preparation techniques, the resulting polymorph is the same for each sample as confirmed by specular X-ray diffraction scans. Thus, morphologies observed via optical and atomic force microscope techniques are therefore a result of the preparation technique. This shows that the different time scales for which crystallization is obtained is the driving force for the various morphologies in phenytoin thin films rather than the presence of another polymorph forming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike
M. A. Ehmann
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Graz University, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ramona Baumgartner
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Graz University, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Daniela Reischl
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Graz University, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Graz University, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Research Center
Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Graz University, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, Graz University
of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver Werzer
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Graz University, 8010 Graz, Austria
- E-mail:
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167
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Bartlett JA, Brewster M, Brown P, Cabral-Lilly D, Cruz CN, David R, Eickhoff WM, Haubenreisser S, Jacobs A, Malinoski F, Morefield E, Nalubola R, Prud’homme RK, Sadrieh N, Sayes CM, Shahbazian H, Subbarao N, Tamarkin L, Tyner K, Uppoor R, Whittaker-Caulk M, Zamboni W. Summary report of PQRI Workshop on Nanomaterial in Drug Products: current experience and management of potential risks. AAPS J 2015; 17:44-64. [PMID: 25421459 PMCID: PMC4287304 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
At the Product Quality Research Institute (PQRI) Workshop held last January 14-15, 2014, participants from academia, industry, and governmental agencies involved in the development and regulation of nanomedicines discussed the current state of characterization, formulation development, manufacturing, and nonclinical safety evaluation of nanomaterial-containing drug products for human use. The workshop discussions identified areas where additional understanding of material attributes, absorption, biodistribution, cellular and tissue uptake, and disposition of nanosized particles would continue to inform their safe use in drug products. Analytical techniques and methods used for in vitro characterization and stability testing of formulations containing nanomaterials were discussed, along with their advantages and limitations. Areas where additional regulatory guidance and material characterization standards would help in the development and approval of nanomedicines were explored. Representatives from the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), Health Canada, and European Medicines Agency (EMA) presented information about the diversity of nanomaterials in approved and newly developed drug products. USFDA, Health Canada, and EMA regulators discussed the applicability of current regulatory policies in presentations and open discussion. Information contained in several of the recent EMA reflection papers was discussed in detail, along with their scope and intent to enhance scientific understanding about disposition, efficacy, and safety of nanomaterials introduced in vivo and regulatory requirements for testing and market authorization. Opportunities for interaction with regulatory agencies during the lifecycle of nanomedicines were also addressed at the meeting. This is a summary of the workshop presentations and discussions, including considerations for future regulatory guidance on drug products containing nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Brewster
- />Janssen Pharmaceutica, Johnson and Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Paul Brown
- />Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903 USA
| | | | - Celia N. Cruz
- />Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903 USA
- />United States Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Rm. 4142 Bldg. 51, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993 USA
| | - Raymond David
- />BASF Corporation, Ecology and Safety, Florham Park, New Jersey 07932 USA
| | | | | | - Abigail Jacobs
- />Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903 USA
| | - Frank Malinoski
- />Nanomedicines Alliance, Washington, District of Columbia USA
| | - Elaine Morefield
- />Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, Massachusetts 02210 USA
| | - Ritu Nalubola
- />Office of the Commissioner, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903 USA
| | - Robert K. Prud’homme
- />Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 USA
| | - Nakissa Sadrieh
- />Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903 USA
| | - Christie M. Sayes
- />RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA
| | | | - Nanda Subbarao
- />Biologics Consulting Group, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 USA
| | | | - Katherine Tyner
- />Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903 USA
| | - Rajendra Uppoor
- />Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903 USA
| | - Margaret Whittaker-Caulk
- />Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903 USA
| | - William Zamboni
- />UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 USA
- />Wildcat Pharmaceutical Development Center, Houston, Texas 77389 USA
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168
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Nanosizing: “End-to-End” Formulation Strategy for Poorly Water-Soluble Molecules. DISCOVERING AND DEVELOPING MOLECULES WITH OPTIMAL DRUG-LIKE PROPERTIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1399-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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169
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Huang Z, Scicolone JV, Han X, Davé RN. Improved blend and tablet properties of fine pharmaceutical powders via dry particle coating. Int J Pharm 2015; 478:447-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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170
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Al-Hamidi H, Asare-Addo K, Desai S, Kitson M, Nokhodchi A. The dissolution and solid-state behaviours of coground ibuprofen-glucosamine HCl. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 41:1682-92. [PMID: 25496174 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.991401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The cogrinding technique is one of most effective methods for improving the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs and it is superior to other approaches from an economical as well as an environmental standpoint, as the technique does not require any toxic organic solvents. Present work explores the role of d-glucosamine HCl (GL) as a potential excipient to improve dissolution of a low melting point drug, ibuprofen (Ibu), using physical mixtures and coground formulations. The dissolution of the poorly soluble drug has been improved by changing the ratio of Ibu:GL and also grinding time. The results also showed that although GL can enhance the solubility of Ibu, it also reduces pH around the Ibu particles which led to poor dissolution performance when the concentration of GL is high. The effect of GL on the solubility of Ibu could be misleading if the pH of the final solution was not measured. Grinding reduced the particle size of GL significantly but in case of Ibu it was less effective. Solid state analysis (XRPD, DSC, and FT-IR) showed that ibuprofen is stable under grinding conditions, but the presence of high concentration of GL in samples subjected to high grinding times caused changes in FT-IR spectrum of Ibu which could be due to intermolecular hydrogen bond or esterification between the carboxylic acid group in the ibuprofen and hydroxyl group in the GL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Al-Hamidi
- a Medway School of Pharmacy , Universities of Kent and Greenwich , Kent , UK
| | - Kofi Asare-Addo
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Science , University of Huddersfield , Huddersfield , UK
| | - Sandip Desai
- a Medway School of Pharmacy , Universities of Kent and Greenwich , Kent , UK
| | - Mike Kitson
- a Medway School of Pharmacy , Universities of Kent and Greenwich , Kent , UK
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- c School of Life Sciences , University of Sussex, Falmer , Brighton , UK , and.,d Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
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171
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Khadka P, Ro J, Kim H, Kim I, Kim JT, Kim H, Cho JM, Yun G, Lee J. Pharmaceutical particle technologies: An approach to improve drug solubility, dissolution and bioavailability. Asian J Pharm Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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172
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Neupane YR, Srivastava M, Ahmad N, Kumar N, Bhatnagar A, Kohli K. Lipid based nanocarrier system for the potential oral delivery of decitabine: Formulation design, characterization, ex vivo, and in vivo assessment. Int J Pharm 2014; 477:601-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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173
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Li CH, Jamison AC, Rittikulsittichai S, Lee TC, Lee TR. In situ growth of hollow gold-silver nanoshells within porous silica offers tunable plasmonic extinctions and enhanced colloidal stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:19943-19950. [PMID: 25321928 DOI: 10.1021/am505424w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Porous silica-coated hollow gold-silver nanoshells were successfully synthesized utilizing a procedure where the porous silica shell was produced prior to the transformation of the metallic core, providing enhanced control over the structure/composition of the bimetallic hollow core. By varying the reaction time and the precise amount of gold salt solution added to a porous silica-coated silver-core template solution, composite nanoparticles were tailored to reveal a readily tunable surface plasmon resonance that could be centered across the visible and near-IR spectral regions (∼445-800 nm). Characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the synthetic methodology afforded particles having uniform composition, size, and shape. The optical properties were evaluated by absorption/extinction spectroscopy. The stability of colloidal solutions of our composite nanoparticles as a function of pH was also investigated, revealing that the nanoshells remain intact over a wide range of conditions (i.e., pH 2-10). The facile tunability, enhanced stability, and relatively small diameter of these composite particles (∼110 nm) makes them promising candidates for use in tumor ablation or as photothermal drug-delivery agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hung Li
- Department of Chemistry and the Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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174
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Formulation and Performance of Danazol Nano-crystalline Suspensions and Spray Dried Powders. Pharm Res 2014; 32:1694-703. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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175
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Yadav D, Kumar N. Nanonization of curcumin by antisolvent precipitation: process development, characterization, freeze drying and stability performance. Int J Pharm 2014; 477:564-77. [PMID: 25445971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present work aims to investigate applicability of antisolvent precipitation method for preparation of nanosized curcumin and to control their characteristics by determining the influence of process and solvents on solid-state properties of curcumin nanoparticles. Effects of different experimental parameters on particle size were investigated using dynamic light scattering. Particle morphology was studied using SEM. Drug content in stabilized nanoparticles was determined using HPLC. Residual moisture content after lyophilisation was determined using Karl Fischer method and solid state properties were investigated using DSC, TGA, FTIR and powder-XRD. The resulting product showed a high drug load and contained the drug in amorphous form. The particle diameters of prepared curcumin nanoparticles were found in the range of 100-200 nm. In vitro drug release studies indicated a sustained release profile of curcumin from the nanoparticles. Antisolvent precipitation produced amorphous curcumin nanoparticles whose size and morphology could be controlled using gelatine as stabilizer. Lyophilized curcumin nanoparticles with d-sorbitol as lyoprotectant possessed good redispersibility and showed up to 4 times faster in vitro curcumin release rate than that of unprocessed curcumin. Stability tests (at 2-8°C and ambient conditions) indicated that the product was stable for up to 6 months of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160067, India.
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160067, India
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176
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Ying Y, Afolabi A, Bilgili E, Iqbal Z. Evaluation of in-line Raman spectroscopic monitoring of size reduction during wet media milling of Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class II drugs. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 68:1411-1417. [PMID: 25356951 DOI: 10.1366/13-07423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate in-line Raman spectroscopy for monitoring the progress of particle size reduction in real time during wet-stirred media milling of two Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drugs, griseofulvin and naproxen. To develop a validated online Raman method, Raman analyses were carried out offline by taking samples from the mill at various milling times. A multivariate linear model (partial least squares, PLS) was fitted to the raw data obtained from the Raman measurements and good linearity between online and offline Raman spectra was found. Line intensities (I) of the in-line spectra obtained during the wet media milling were processed by multivariate analyses and correlated with both the median size (d50) and the 90% passing particle size (d90), which were measured offline by laser diffraction. A two-parameter exponential growth model of the form d = exp[A(I - I0)] was found to establish a good correlation (R(2) > 0.90) as a statistically significant model with statistically significant parameters (P < 10(-4)). The correlations were applicable to milled suspensions with particles in the approximate size range of 0.1-6 μm for griseofulvin and 0.1-8 μm for naproxen. These results suggest that in-line Raman spectroscopy can be used to successfully monitor the progress of particle size reduction during wet media milling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ying
- New Jersey Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
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177
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Khan IU, Serra CA, Anton N, Vandamme TF. Production of nanoparticle drug delivery systems with microfluidics tools. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:547-62. [PMID: 25345543 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.974547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nowadays the development of composite nano- and microparticles is an extensively studied area of research. This interest is growing because of the potential use of such particles in drug delivery systems. Indeed they can be used in various medical disciplines depending upon their sizes and their size distribution, which determine their final biomedical applications. AREAS COVERED Amongst the different techniques to produce nanoparticles, microfluidic techniques allow preparing particles having a specific size, a narrow size distribution and high encapsulation efficiency with ease. This review covers the general description of microfluidics, its techniques, advantages and disadvantages with focus on the encapsulation of active principles in polymeric nanoparticles as well as on pure drug nanoparticles. Polymeric nanoparticles constitute the majority of the examples reported; however lipid nanoparticulate systems (DNA, SiRNA nanocarriers) are very comparable and their formulation processes are in most cases exactly similar. Accordingly this review focuses also on active ingredient nanoparticles formulated by nanoprecipitation processes in microfluidic devices in general. It also provides detailed description of the different geometries of most common microfluidic devices and the crucial parameters involved in techniques designed to obtain the desired properties. EXPERT OPINION Although the classical fabrication of nanoparticles drug delivery systems in batch is extremely well-described and developed, their production with microfluidic tools arises today as an emerging field with much more potential. In this review we present and discuss these new possibilities for biomedical applications through the current emerging developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Ullah Khan
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Faculty of Pharmacy , 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
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178
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Anby MU, Nguyen TH, Yeap YY, Feeney OM, Williams HD, Benameur H, Pouton CW, Porter CJH. An in vitro digestion test that reflects rat intestinal conditions to probe the importance of formulation digestion vs first pass metabolism in Danazol bioavailability from lipid based formulations. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:4069-83. [PMID: 25265395 DOI: 10.1021/mp500197b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The impact of gastrointestinal (GI) processing and first pass metabolism on danazol oral bioavailability (BA) was evaluated after administration of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) in the rat. Danazol absolute BA was determined following oral and intraduodenal (ID) administration of LFCS class IIIA medium chain (MC) formulations at high (SEDDSH-III) and low (SEDDSL-III) drug loading and a lipid free LFCS class IV formulation (SEDDS-IV). Experiments were conducted in the presence and absence of ABT (1-aminobenzotriazole) to evaluate the effect of first pass metabolism. A series of modified in vitro lipolysis tests were developed to better understand the in vivo processing of SEDDS in the rat. Danazol BA was low (<13%) following oral and ID administration of either SEDDS. Increasing drug loading, ID rather than oral administration, and administration of SEDDS-IV rather than SEDDS-III led to higher oral BA. After pretreatment with ABT, however, danazol oral BA significantly increased (e.g., 60% compared to 2% after administration of SEDDSL-III), no effect was observed on increasing drug loading, and differences between SEDDS-III and -IV were minimal. In vitro digestion models based on the lower enzyme activity and lower dilution conditions expected in the rat resulted in significantly reduced danazol precipitation from SEDDS-III or SEDDS-IV on initiation of digestion. At the doses administered here (4-8 mg/kg), the primary limitation to danazol oral BA in the rat was first pass metabolism, and the fraction absorbed was >45% after oral administration of SEDDS-III or SEDDS-IV. In contrast, previous studies in dogs suggest that danazol BA is less dependent on first pass metabolism and more sensitive to changes in formulation processing. In vitro digestion models based on likely rat GI conditions suggest less drug precipitation on formulation digestion when compared to equivalent dog models, consistent with the increases in in vivo exposure (fraction absorbed) seen here in ABT-pretreated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette U Anby
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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179
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Shi-Ying J, Jin H, Shi-Xiao J, Qing-Yuan L, Jin-Xia B, Chen HG, Rui-Sheng L, Wei W, Hai-Long Y. Characterization and evaluation in vivo of baicalin-nanocrystals prepared by an ultrasonic-homogenization-fluid bed drying method. Chin J Nat Med 2014; 12:71-80. [PMID: 24484600 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(14)60012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To improve the absorption and bioavailability of baicalin using a nanocrystal (or nanosuspension) drug delivery system. METHODS A tandem, ultrasonic-homogenization-fluid bed drying technology was applied to prepare baicalin-nanocrystal dried powders, and the physicochemical properties of baicalin-nanocrystals were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, physical stability, and solubility experiments. Furthermore, in situ intestine single-pass perfusion experiments and pharmacokinetics in rats were performed to make a comparison between the microcrystals of baicalin and pure baicalin in their absorption properties and bioavailability in vivo. RESULTS The mean particle size of baicalin-nanocrystals was 236 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.173, and a zeta potential value of -34.8 mV, which provided a guarantee for the stability of the reconstituted nanosuspension. X-Ray diffraction results indicated that the crystallinity of baicalin was decreased through the ultrasonic-homogenization process. Physical stability experiments showed that the prepared baicalin-nanocrystals were sufficiently stable. It was shown that the solubility of baicalin in the form of nanocrystals, at 495 μg·mL(-1), was much higher than the baicalin-microcrystals and the physical mixture (135 and 86.4 μg·mL(-1), respectively). In situ intestine perfusion experiments demonstrated a clear advantage in the dissolution and absorption characteristics for baicalin-nanocrystals compared to the other formulations. In addition, after oral administration to rats, the particle size decrease from the micron to nanometer range exhibited much higher in vivo bioavailability (with the AUC(0-t) value of 206.96 ± 21.23 and 127.95 ± 14.41 mg·L(-1)·h(-1), respectively). CONCLUSION The nanocrystal drug delivery system using an ultrasonic-homogenization-fluid bed drying process is able to improve the absorption and in vivo bioavailability of baicalin, compared with pure baicalin coarse powder and micronized baicalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shi-Ying
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China; School of Pharmaceutics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Han Jin
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jin Shi-Xiao
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China; School of Pharmaceutics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Lv Qing-Yuan
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Bai Jin-Xia
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China; School of Pharmaceutics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Hong-Ge Chen
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Li Rui-Sheng
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203 China.
| | - Yuan Hai-Long
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China.
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180
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Kumar S, Jog R, Shen J, Zolnik B, Sadrieh N, Burgess DJ. In Vitro and In Vivo Performance of Different Sized Spray-Dried Crystalline Itraconazole. J Pharm Sci 2014; 104:3018-28. [PMID: 25195539 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to formulate and optimize different sized liquid and solid nanocrystalline formulations and evaluate their in vitro and in vivo performance to determine the effect of particle size on the oral bioavailability of solid nanocrystalline formulations. Nanotechnology is a promising approach to solve the problem of poor oral bioavailability of Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II/IV compounds. However, the highly exposed surface area of nanocrystals and hence their high Gibb's free energy poses a great challenge to nanocrystalline suspension stabilization. In this study, stabilization was achieved by preparing spray-dried nanocrystalline powders. A design of experiment approach was utilized to optimize the nanocrystalline suspensions/powders. On the basis of drug solubility studies, polyvinylpyrrolidone 40 KDa and sodium lauryl sulfate were selected for wet milling processing. Mannitol was chosen as the auxiliary excipient for spray-drying processing. In vitro dissolution utilizing a United States Pharmacopeia (USP) apparatus II showed superior release profiles for both liquid and nanocrystalline powder formulations compared with coarse-sized and unmilled formulations. Significantly, the oral bioavailability of nanocrystalline formulations with particle size of 280 nm was more than 20 times that of the unmilled formulation, whereas the nanocrystalline formulation with particle size of 750 nm showed only a 2.8 times increase in bioavailability compared with the unmilled formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, 69 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3092, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
| | - Rajan Jog
- University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, 69 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3092, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
| | - Jie Shen
- University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, 69 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3092, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
| | - Banu Zolnik
- FDA/CDER/OPS, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993-0002
| | - Nakissa Sadrieh
- FDA/CDER/OPS, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993-0002
| | - Diane J Burgess
- University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, 69 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3092, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
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181
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Zhang J, Ying Y, Pielecha-Safira B, Bilgili E, Ramachandran R, Romañach R, Davé RN, Iqbal Z. Raman spectroscopy for in-line and off-line quantification of poorly soluble drugs in strip films. Int J Pharm 2014; 475:428-37. [PMID: 25173638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy was used as a process analytical technology (PAT) tool for in-line measurement of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content during continuous manufacturing of strip films containing nanoparticles of poorly water-soluble APIs. Fenofibrate and naproxen were used as model APIs, whose concentrations ranged from 3% to 26% (w/w) in the model calibration. For both in-line and off-line measurements, calibration models employed partial least square (PLS) analysis, yielding correlation coefficients (R(2)) greater than 0.9946 and root mean squared error of calibration (RMSEC) of about 0.44%, indicating the validity and accuracy of the calibration. The robustness of Raman spectroscopy as a PAT tool was established by considering three processing parameters after substrate interference correction: sensing location, substrate speed and film thickness. Calibration models for each API were validated using a separate batch of strip films by predicting the API concentrations to within ±1.3%. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to explain the interactions between processing variables and calibration models, which suggest that besides API concentration, film thickness could also be monitored using Raman spectroscopy. The results demonstrate the potential of Raman spectroscopy as an effective PAT tool for novel strip film manufacturing process, facilitating detection of drug form and concentration in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Ye Ying
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | | | - Ecevit Bilgili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Rohit Ramachandran
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Rodolfo Romañach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Rajesh N Davé
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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182
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Kumar S, Gokhale R, Burgess DJ. Sugars as bulking agents to prevent nano-crystal aggregation during spray or freeze-drying. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:303-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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183
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Li S, Madan P, Lin S. Application of Capmul MCM and caprylic acid for the development of danazol-loaded SEDDS. Pharm Dev Technol 2014; 20:886-896. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2014.943408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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184
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Leeke GA, Lu T, Bridson RH, Seville JP. Application of nano-particle coatings to carrier particles using an integrated fluidized bed supercritical fluid precipitation process. J Supercrit Fluids 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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185
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Macfhionnghaile P, Hu Y, Gniado K, Curran S, Mcardle P, Erxleben A. Effects of Ball-Milling and Cryomilling on Sulfamerazine Polymorphs: A Quantitative Study. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:1766-78. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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186
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Mugheirbi NA, Paluch KJ, Tajber L. Heat induced evaporative antisolvent nanoprecipitation (HIEAN) of itraconazole. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:400-11. [PMID: 24879938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Itraconazole (ITR) is an antifungal drug with a limited bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility. In this study, ITR was used to investigate the impact of nanonisation and solid state change on drug's apparent solubility and dissolution. A bottom up approach to the production of amorphous ITR nanoparticles (NPs), composed of 100% drug, with a particle diameter below 250 nm, using heat induced evaporative antisolvent nanoprecipitation (HIEAN) from acetone was developed. The NPs demonstrated improved solubility and dissolution in simulated gastro-intestinal conditions when compared to amorphous ITR microparticles. The incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) or its methoxylated derivative (MPEG) as a stabiliser enabled the production of smaller NPs with narrower particle size distribution and enhanced apparent solubility. MPEG stabilised NPs gave the greatest ITR supersaturation levels (up to 11.6±0.5 μg/ml) in simulated gastric fluids. The stabilising polymer was in an amorphous state. Dynamic vapour sorption data indicated no solid state changes in NP samples with water vapour at 25 °C, while crystallisation was apparent at 50 °C. HIEAN proved to be an efficient method of production of amorphous ITR NPs, with or without addition of a polymeric stabiliser, with enhanced pharmaceutical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila A Mugheirbi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Krzysztof J Paluch
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lidia Tajber
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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187
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Kuehl C, El-Gendy N, Berkland C. NanoClusters surface area allows nanoparticle dissolution with microparticle properties. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:1787-98. [PMID: 24788354 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Poorly water-soluble drugs comprise the majority of new drug molecules. Nanoparticle agglomerates, called NanoClusters, can increase the dissolution rate of poorly soluble compounds by increasing particle surface area. Budesonide and danazol, two poorly soluble steroids, were studied as model compounds. NanoCluster suspensions were made using a Netzsch MiniCer media mill with samples collected between 5 and 15 h and lyophilized. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray Diffraction were used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the powders, and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) analysis was used to determine surface area. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed NanoClusters were between 1 and 5 μm. NanoCluster samples showed an increase in dissolution rate compared with the micronized stock and similar to a dried nanoparticle suspension. BET analysis determined an increase in surface area of eight times for budesonide NanoClusters and 10-15 times for danazol NanoClusters compared with the micronized stock. Melting temperatures decreased with increased mill time of NanoClusters by DSC. The increased surface area of NanoClusters provides a potential micron-sized alternative to nanoparticles to increase dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kuehl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047
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188
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Thorat AA, Yadav MD, Dalvi SV. Simple criterion for stability of aqueous suspensions of ultrafine particles of a poorly water soluble drug. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:4576-4592. [PMID: 24702638 DOI: 10.1021/la500825j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a simple criterion is proposed for prediction of a long-term stability of aqueous suspensions of ultrafine particles of a poorly water soluble drug, curcumin. A new "stability parameter" (γ0ε/γε0) has been defined, which is a ratio of nondimensional mechanical (mainly ultrasonic) energy (ε/ε0) to nondimensional solid-liquid interfacial energy (γ/γ0). The stability of aqueous suspensions of curcumin particles over a period of 1 year and 9 months has been correlated with this parameter. In order to calculate this parameter, solid-liquid interfacial energies were first estimated, from nucleation rates, which in turn were calculated from size distributions of curcumin particles precipitated using water as antisolvent. The mechanical energy was then estimated from the intensity of ultrasound and mechanical agitation used during precipitation. It was found that precipitations carried out with higher values of γ0ε/γε0 (more than 100) result in aqueous suspensions with particle size less than 1 μm. It was further observed that these suspensions remain stable (i.e., no or negligible change in average particle size) for a period of 1 year and 9 months. On the other hand, the suspensions of particles precipitated at lower values of γ0ε/γε0 (less than 10) were found to be highly unstable (i.e., the average particle size changes drastically). These results suggest that γ0ε/γε0 can be used as a parameter to engineer stable aqueous suspensions of curcumin particles. Further, it was found that the use of the Mersmann equation to estimate solid-liquid interfacial surface tensions can help in making this criterion predictive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpana A Thorat
- Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar , Chandkheda, Ahmedabad 382424, Gujarat, India
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189
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Nano Composite Emulsion for Sustained Drug Release and Improved Bioavailability. Pharm Res 2014; 31:2774-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1374-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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190
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Youm I, Bazzil JD, Otto JW, Caruso AN, Murowchick JB, Youan BBC. Influence of surface chemistry on cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of nanocapsules in breast cancer and phagocytic cells. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:550-67. [PMID: 24700270 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9572-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The present work tests the hypothesis that stabilizers have a critical role on nanocarrier stealthiness and anticancer drug efficacy. Two different types of docetaxel (Doc)-loaded nanocapsules (NCs) stabilized with polysorbate 80 (NC(T80)) and polyvinyl alcohol (NC(PVA)) were synthesized using the emulsion solvent diffusion method. These NCs were characterized for particle mean diameter (PMD), drug content, morphology, surface composition, and degree of crystallinity. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of the NCs were investigated in MDA-MB 231 cells, THP-1 monocytes, and THP-1-derived macrophages. The optimized spherical NC(T80) had 123.02 ± 14.6 nm, 0.27 ± 0.1, and 101 ± 37.0% for PMD, polydispersity index, and drug encapsulation efficiency, respectively. Doc release kinetics from NC(T80) and NC(PVA) mostly provided better fit to zero-order and Higuchi models, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed the presence of amorphous stabilizers on the surface of the NCs. At high drug concentration, the cytotoxicity of NC(T80) was substantially improved (1.3-1.6-fold) compared with that of NC(PVA) in MDA-MB 231 cells. The uptake of both NCs was inhibited by latrunculin A and dynasore, indicating an actin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis in MDA-MB 231 cells. This occurred via a multifaceted mechanism involving clathrin, caveolin, cytoskeleton, and macropinocytosis. Interestingly, the uptake of NC(PVA) was 2.7-fold greater than that of NC(T80) and occurred through phagocytosis in monocytes and macrophages. This study demonstrates the potential impact of the surface chemistry on the cytotoxicity and phagocytic clearance of nanocarriers for a subsequent improvement of the efficacy of Doc intended for breast cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahima Youm
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, Missouri, 64108, USA
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191
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Kumar S, Gokhale R, Burgess DJ. Quality by Design approach to spray drying processing of crystalline nanosuspensions. Int J Pharm 2014; 464:234-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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192
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Han M, Yu X, Guo Y, Wang Y, Kuang H, Wang X. Honokiol nanosuspensions: Preparation, increased oral bioavailability and dramatically enhanced biodistribution in the cardio-cerebro-vascular system. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 116:114-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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193
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Borhade V, Pathak S, Sharma S, Patravale V. Formulation and characterization of atovaquone nanosuspension for improved oral delivery in the treatment of malaria. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:649-66. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective of the present study was to develop an atovaquone (ATQ) nanosuspension and evaluate its ability to improve the pharmacokinetic and therapeutic efficacy on oral administration. Materials & methods: The ATQ nanosuspension was prepared by a combination of microprecipitation and high-pressure homogenization. It was freeze dried and characterized for various physiochemical properties. In vivo pharmacokinetics was performed in rats whereas antimalarial efficacy was assessed in mice using a 4-day suppressive test. Results: The ATQ nanosuspension stabilized with Solutol® HS 15 (BASF India Ltd, Mumbai, India) and Capryol™ 90 (Gattefosse, Mumbai, India) exhibited a z-average diameter of 371.50 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.19. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated no substantial changes in the crystalline state of ATQ nanocrystals. The aqueous solubility and in vitro dissolution rate were significantly increased by reducing the particle size. An in vivo pharmacokinetics study of the nanosuspension compared with a drug suspension and Malarone® (GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK) exhibited an approximately 4.6–3.2-fold improvement in area under plasma concentration. A significant increase in Cmax and decrease in time to reach peak plasma concentration after administration was also observed. ATQ in nanosized form, even at one-quarter lower doses, exhibited greater reduction in parasitemia and prolonged survival compared with its reference formulations. Conclusion: Results of this pilot study highlight the potential of nanosuspension as an efficient and commercially viable strategy for improving delivery of ATQ for malaria treatment. Original submitted 1 August 2011; Revised submitted 2 February 2013
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Borhade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sulabha Pathak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shobhona Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
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194
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Pawar VK, Singh Y, Meher JG, Gupta S, Chourasia MK. Engineered nanocrystal technology: in-vivo fate, targeting and applications in drug delivery. J Control Release 2014; 183:51-66. [PMID: 24667572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Formulation of nanocrystals is a robust approach which can improve delivery of poorly water soluble drugs, a challenge pharmaceutical industry has been facing since long. Large scale production of nanocrystals is done by techniques like precipitation, media milling and, high pressure homogenization. Application of appropriate stabilizers along with drying accords long term stability and commercial viability to nanocrystals. These can be administered through oral, parenteral, pulmonary, dermal and ocular routes showing their high therapeutic applicability. They serve to target drug molecules in specific regions through size manipulation and surface modification. This review dwells upon the in-vivo fate and varying applications in addition to the facets of drug nanocrystals stated above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Pawar
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Yuvraj Singh
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Jaya Gopal Meher
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Siddharth Gupta
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Manish K Chourasia
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India.
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195
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Pouretedal HR. Preparation and characterization of azithromycin nanodrug using solvent/antisolvent method. INTERNATIONAL NANO LETTERS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40089-014-0103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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196
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Lu Y, Wang ZH, Li T, McNally H, Park K, Sturek M. Development and evaluation of transferrin-stabilized paclitaxel nanocrystal formulation. J Control Release 2014; 176:76-85. [PMID: 24378441 PMCID: PMC3943484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prepare and evaluate a paclitaxel nanocrystal-based formulation stabilized by serum protein transferrin in a non-covalent manner. The pure paclitaxel nanocrystals were first prepared using an antisolvent precipitation method augmented by sonication. The serum protein transferrin was selected for use after evaluating the stabilizing effect of several serum proteins including albumin and immunoglobulin G. The formulation contained approximately 55-60% drug and was stable for at least 3months at 4°C. In vivo antitumor efficacy studies using mice inoculated with KB cells demonstrate significantly higher tumor inhibition rate of 45.1% for paclitaxel-transferrin formulation compared to 28.8% for paclitaxel nanosuspension treatment alone. Interestingly, the Taxol(®) formulation showed higher antitumor activity than the paclitaxel-transferrin formulation, achieving a 93.3% tumor inhibition rate 12days post initial dosing. However, the paclitaxel-transferrin formulation showed a lower level of toxicity, which is indicated by a steady increase in body weight of mice over the treatment period. In comparison, treatment with Taxol(®) resulted in toxicity issues as body weight decreased. These results suggest the potential benefit of using a serum protein in a non-covalent manner in conjunction with paclitaxel nanocrystals as a promising drug delivery model for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- Purdue University, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, West Lafayette 47907, USA
| | - Zhao-hui Wang
- Purdue University, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, West Lafayette 47907, USA
| | - Tonglei Li
- Purdue University, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, West Lafayette 47907, USA
| | - Helen McNally
- Purdue University, Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology, West Lafayette 47907, USA
| | - Kinam Park
- Purdue University, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, West Lafayette 47907, USA; Purdue University, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette 47907, USA.
| | - Michael Sturek
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indianapolis 46202, USA
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197
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Sarnes A, Kovalainen M, Häkkinen MR, Laaksonen T, Laru J, Kiesvaara J, Ilkka J, Oksala O, Rönkkö S, Järvinen K, Hirvonen J, Peltonen L. Nanocrystal-based per-oral itraconazole delivery: superior in vitro dissolution enhancement versus Sporanox® is not realized in in vivo drug absorption. J Control Release 2014; 180:109-16. [PMID: 24566254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscience holds true promise in enabling efficient formulation development and in vivo delivery of poorly water soluble drugs. The objective of this study was to formulate solid oral nanocrystal delivery systems of itraconazole, and thus enhance the oral bioavailability of the very poorly soluble drug. Nanocrystal suspensions were prepared by a rapid wet milling technique, after which the suspensions were transformed into solid dosage forms by both freeze drying and granulating. Finally, the obtained nanocrystalline powders were capsule-packed as well as compacted to tablets. After in vitro analysis, the formulations (nanocrystal suspension (NPs), freeze dried NPs, granulated NPs) were tested in vivo in a rat model, and compared with commercial itraconazole formulation (Sporanox). Importantly, the results indicated rapid dissolution of the nanocrystalline itraconazole with enhanced bioavailability compared to physical mixture. Drug dissolution in vitro was immediate from NPs and freeze dried powder, and differed significantly from the marketed product (P=0.004 and 0.002, correspondingly) until 30min. Freeze drying was detected to be especially advantageous for the solid dosage forms. It is possible to maintain the original character of the nanocrystals, e.g. rapid dissolution, even after tableting of the nanocrystalline powders. Interestingly, the marketed product out-performed the nanocrystalline formulations in vivo, even though the nanocrystals provided reasonable bioavailability of itraconazole absorption as well. The efficient in vitro dissolution enhancement of the nanocrystalline formulations compared to Sporanox® was not realized in in vivo drug absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Sarnes
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Miia Kovalainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Laaksonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Laru
- Orion Pharma R&D, Formulation Research, Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Seppo Rönkkö
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristiina Järvinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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198
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Schweiggert RM, Kopec RE, Villalobos-Gutierrez MG, Högel J, Quesada S, Esquivel P, Schwartz SJ, Carle R. Carotenoids are more bioavailable from papaya than from tomato and carrot in humans: a randomised cross-over study. Br J Nutr 2014; 111:490-8. [PMID: 23931131 PMCID: PMC4091614 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513002596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carrot, tomato and papaya represent important dietary sources of β-carotene and lycopene. The main objective of the present study was to compare the bioavailability of carotenoids from these food sources in healthy human subjects. A total of sixteen participants were recruited for a randomised cross-over study. Test meals containing raw carrots, tomatoes and papayas were adjusted to deliver an equal amount of β-carotene and lycopene. For the evaluation of bioavailability, TAG-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fractions containing newly absorbed carotenoids were analysed over 9·5 h after test meal consumption. The bioavailability of β-carotene from papayas was approximately three times higher than that from carrots and tomatoes, whereas differences in the bioavailability of β-carotene from carrots and tomatoes were insignificant. Retinyl esters appeared in the TRL fractions at a significantly higher concentration after the consumption of the papaya test meal. Similarly, lycopene was approximately 2·6 times more bioavailable from papayas than from tomatoes. Furthermore, the bioavailability of β-cryptoxanthin from papayas was shown to be 2·9 and 2·3 times higher than that of the other papaya carotenoids β-carotene and lycopene, respectively. The morphology of chromoplasts and the physical deposition form of carotenoids were hypothesised to play a major role in the differences observed in the bioavailability of carotenoids from the foods investigated. Particularly, the liquid-crystalline deposition of β-carotene and the storage of lycopene in very small crystalloids in papayas were found to be associated with their high bioavailability. In conclusion, papaya was shown to provide highly bioavailable β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and lycopene and may represent a readily available dietary source of provitamin A for reducing the incidence of vitamin A deficiencies in many subtropical and tropical developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf M. Schweiggert
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hohenheim University, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rachel E. Kopec
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Josef Högel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Silvia Quesada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Patricia Esquivel
- School of Food Technology, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Steven J. Schwartz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Reinhold Carle
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hohenheim University, Stuttgart, Germany
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199
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Kumar R, Siril PF. Ultrafine carbamazepine nanoparticles with enhanced water solubility and rate of dissolution. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08495k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Solubility of carbamazepine (CBZ) nanoparticles and CBZ–PVP nanoparticles was 11.9 and 21.5 times higher than the raw–CBZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi-175005, India
| | - Prem Felix Siril
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi-175005, India
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200
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Knieke C, Rawtani A, Davé RN. Concentrated Fenofibrate Nanoparticle Suspensions from Melt Emulsification for Enhanced Drug Dissolution. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201300355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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