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Toffolon A, de Rocco-Ponce M, Vettore M, Iori E, Lante A, Tessari P. Effect of Reversal of Whey-Protein to Casein Ratio of Cow Milk, on Insulin, Incretin, and Amino Acid Responses in Humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100069. [PMID: 34618402 PMCID: PMC9286575 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Scope Milk‐proteins, besides lactose, stimulate insulin and incretin secretion. Although whey‐proteins (WP) are more efficient than casein (Cas) in hormone secretion, the effects of reversal of the (WP/Cas) ratio in whole‐milk are poorly known. Methods and Results Healthy volunteers received two different cow‐milk drinks, at identical lactose (0.36 g × kg−1 BW) and total‐protein (0.18 g × kg1 BW) loads, but at reversed WP/Cas ratio. One is cow‐whole milk with a ≈20/80 [WP/Cas] ratio, the other an experimental cow‐milk with a ≈70/30 [WP/Cas] ratio ([↑WP↓Cas]‐milk). Both milk‐types induced the same mild hyperglycemic response. Following [↑WP↓Cas]‐milk, the [20′–90′] insulin incremental area (iAUC) (+ ≈44%, p < 0.035), and the [20′–120′] C‐peptide iAUC (+ ≈47%, p < 0.015) are greater than those with cow‐milk. Similarly, following [↑WP↓Cas]‐milk, the GLP‐1 [20′–90′] iAUC (+96%, p < 0.025), and the GIP [30′–60′] iAUC (+140%, p < 0.006), were greater than those with cow‐milk. Plasma total and branched‐chain amino acids are also greater following the [↑WP↓Cas] than cow‐milk. Conclusions Reversal of the (WP/Cas) ratio in cow‐milk enhanced the insulin response, an effect possibly mediated by incretins and/or amino acids(s). These data may be useful in designing specific milk formulas with different effects on insulin and incretin response(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Toffolon
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Maurizio de Rocco-Ponce
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Monica Vettore
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Iori
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Anna Lante
- Department of Agronomy, Food Natural Resources, Animals & Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Padova, 35123, Italy
| | - Paolo Tessari
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, 35128, Italy
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152
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Gu F, Liang S, Zhu S, Liu J, Sun HZ. Multi-omics revealed the effects of rumen-protected methionine on the nutrient profile of milk in dairy cows. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110682. [PMID: 34600684 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cow's milk is a highly-nutritious dairy product part of human diet worldwide. Rumen-protected methionine (RPM) is widely used to improve lactation performance of dairy cows, but understanding of the effects of RPM on milk nutrients composition are still limited. In this study, twenty mid-lactating dairy cows were supplemented with 20 gm/day RPM for 8 weeks to investigate the responses of milk nutritional composition to RPM. Metabolomics was applied for analyzing milk metabolites and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used for analysis of rumen microbial composition. Milk fat content and yield were significantly increased after RPM supplementation. Totally 443 compounds belonging to 15 classes were identified, among which 15 metabolites were significantly changed. The functional nutrient α-ketoglutaric acid were significantly increased in the milk after RPM supplementation. We found 48 significantly differing bacterial genera in the rumen after supplementing RPM. Multi-omics integrated analysis revealed the higher abundance of Acetobacter, unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae and Saccharofermentan contributed to the improved milk fat. In addition, the enriched abundance of Thermoactinomyces, Asteroleplasma, and Saccharofermentan showed positive correlations with higher α-ketoglutaric acid of milk. Our results uncover the metabolomic fingerprint and the key functional metabolites in the milk after supplementing RPM in dairy cows, as well as the key rumen bacteria associated with them. These findings provide novel insights into the development of functional dairy products that enriched the functional nutrient α-ketoglutaric acid or high milk fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Gu
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shuling Liang
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Senlin Zhu
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Hui-Zeng Sun
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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153
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Au@Ag nanoflowers based SERS coupled chemometric algorithms for determination of organochlorine pesticides in milk. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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154
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Muleta A, Hailu D, Stoecker BJ, Belachew T. Camel milk consumption is associated with less childhood stunting and underweight than bovine milk in rural pastoral districts of Somali, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e78. [PMID: 34616549 PMCID: PMC8477347 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Undernutrition is a major global health problem. Various types of animal milk are used for feeding children at early ages; however, associations of camel milk (CaM) and bovine milk (BM) with the nutritional status of children have not been explored. A comparative community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pre-schoolers in rural pastoral districts of Somali, Ethiopia. Children were selected from households with lactating camels or cows. Anthropometric measurements followed standard procedures for height-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-height scores. Independent sample t-tests identified significant differences in anthropometric indices based on the type of milk consumed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between milk consumption and other predictors of growth failures. The prevalence of stunting was 24⋅1 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 20⋅5, 28⋅3] of pre-schoolers, 34⋅8 % (95 % CI 29⋅9, 39⋅6) were wasted and 34⋅7 % (95 % CI 30⋅1, 39⋅9) were underweight. Higher proportions of BM-fed children were severely stunted, wasted and underweight compared with CaM consumers. Using logistic regression models, children who consumed BM [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2⋅10; 95 % CI 1⋅22, 3⋅61] and who were anaemic (AOR: 4⋅22; 95 % CI 2⋅23, 7⋅98) were more likely to be stunted than their counterparts, while girls were less likely to be stunted than boys (AOR: 0⋅57; 95 % CI 0⋅34, 0⋅94). Similarly, children who consumed BM (AOR: 1⋅97; 95 % CI 1⋅20, 3⋅24), who were anaemic (AOR: 2⋅27; 95 % CI 1⋅38, 3⋅72) and who drank unsafe water (AOR: 1⋅91; 95 % CI 1⋅19, 3⋅07) were more likely to be underweight than their counterparts. In conclusion, CaM consumption was associated with lower prevalence of stunting and underweight than BM. Promoting CaM in pastoralist areas may help to curb the high level of undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbissa Muleta
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Dejene Hailu
- Department of Public and Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Barbara J. Stoecker
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Tefera Belachew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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155
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Aresta A, De Santis S, Carocci A, Barbarossa A, Ragusa A, De Vietro N, Clodoveo ML, Corbo F, Zambonin C. Determination of Commercial Animal and Vegetable Milks' Lipid Profile and Its Correlation with Cell Viability and Antioxidant Activity on Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:5645. [PMID: 34577116 PMCID: PMC8465430 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids from milk are important nutritional components, although their health effects, especially for animal milks, are still questioned. Four types of commercial milks, two semi-skimmed animal milks (bovine and goat) and two vegetable ones (soy and rice), along with their total and free lipid fractions recovered by sequential centrifugation or by ethyl acetate extraction, respectively, have been analyzed. A higher antioxidant ability, reported as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, was found for all raw milks compared to that of rice. This trend was confirmed, except for soy milk, as ROS reduction in Caco-2 cells. The free lipid fraction was shown to have the highest antioxidant potential in both chemical and biological tests. Moreover, goat and soy raw milks positively regulated Caco-2 cell viability after an inflammatory stimulus. This effect was lost when their total lipid fraction was tested. Finally, only the free lipid fraction from rice milk preserved the Caco-2 viability after LPS stimulation. Our data demonstrated that the lipid profile of each milk, characterized by GC-MS analysis, could contribute to dictate its biological effects, and, although additional in vitro and in vivo studies are needed, they could support the literature re-evaluating the health effects of animal-based versus plant-based milks in the intestinal cellular model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Aresta
- Department of Chemistry, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (N.D.V.); (C.Z.)
| | - Stefania De Santis
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Andrea Ragusa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta De Vietro
- Department of Chemistry, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (N.D.V.); (C.Z.)
| | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Carlo Zambonin
- Department of Chemistry, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (N.D.V.); (C.Z.)
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156
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Sauvé MF, Feldman F, Koudoufio M, Ould-Chikh NEH, Ahmarani L, Sane A, N’Timbane T, El-Jalbout R, Patey N, Spahis S, Stintzi A, Delvin E, Levy E. Glycomacropeptide for Management of Insulin Resistance and Liver Metabolic Perturbations. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1140. [PMID: 34572325 PMCID: PMC8469639 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The increasing prevalence and absence of effective global treatment for metabolic syndrome (MetS) are alarming given the potential progression to severe non-communicable disorders such as type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory role of glycomacropeptide (GMP), a powerful milk peptide, in insulin resistance and liver dysmetabolism, two central MetS conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 male mice were fed a chow (Ctrl), high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet or HFHS diet along with GMP (200 mg/kg/day) administered by gavage for 12 weeks. RESULTS GMP lowered plasma insulin levels (in response to oral glucose tolerance test) and HOMA-IR index, indicating a more elevated systemic insulin sensitivity. GMP was also able to decrease oxidative stress and inflammation in the circulation as reflected by the decline of malondialdehyde, F2 isoprostanes and lipopolysaccharide. In the liver, GMP raised the protein expression of the endogenous anti-oxidative enzyme GPx involving the NRF2 signaling pathway. Moreover, the administration of GMP reduced the gene expression of hepatic pro-inflammatory COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 via inactivation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, GMP improved hepatic insulin sensitization given the modulation of AKT, p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK activities, thereby restoring liver homeostasis as revealed by enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation, reduced lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that GMP represents a promising dietary nutraceutical in view of its beneficial regulation of systemic insulin resistance and hepatic insulin signaling pathway, likely via its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Foisy Sauvé
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Francis Feldman
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mireille Koudoufio
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nour-El-Houda Ould-Chikh
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Lena Ahmarani
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alain Sane
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Thierry N’Timbane
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Ramy El-Jalbout
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Nathalie Patey
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Pathology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alain Stintzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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157
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Jeong EW, Park GR, Kim J, Yun SY, Imm JY, Lee HG. Effect of Modified Casein to Whey Protein Ratio on Dispersion Stability, Protein Quality and Body Composition in Rats. Food Sci Anim Resour 2021; 41:855-868. [PMID: 34632404 PMCID: PMC8460334 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2021.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of protein formula with different casein (C) to whey protein (W) ratios on dispersion stability, protein quality and body composition in rats. Modification of the casein to whey protein (CW) ratio affected the extent of protein aggregation, and heated CW-2:8 showed a significantly increased larger particle (>100 μm) size distribution. The largest protein aggregates were formed by whey protein self-aggregation. There were no significant differences in protein aggregation when the CW ratios changed from 10:0 to 5:5. Based on the protein quality assessment (CW-10:0, CW-8:2, CW-5:5, and CW-2:8) for four weeks, CW-10:0 showed a significantly higher feed intake (p<0.05), but the high proportion of whey protein in the diet (CW-5:5 and CW-2:8) increased the feed efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and net protein ratio compared to other groups. Similarly, CW-2:8 showed greater true digestibility compared to other groups. No significant differences in fat mass and lean mass analyzed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were observed. A significant difference was found in the bone mineral density between the CW-10:0 and CW-2:8 groups (p<0.05), but no difference was observed among the other groups. Based on the results, CW-5:5 improved protein quality without causing protein instability problems in the dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Woo Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang
University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Gyu Ri Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang
University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jiyun Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang
University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - So-Yul Yun
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Kookmin
University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Jee-Young Imm
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Kookmin
University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Hyeon Gyu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang
University, Seoul 04763, Korea,Corresponding author : Hyeon
Gyu Lee, Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763,
Korea. Tel: +82-2-2220-1201, Fax: +82-2-2292-1226, E-mail:
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158
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Castro-Bedriñana J, Chirinos-Peinado D, Ríos-Ríos E, Machuca-Campuzano M, Gómez-Ventura E. Dietary risk of milk contaminated with lead and cadmium in areas near mining-metallurgical industries in the Central Andes of Peru. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112382. [PMID: 34090106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mining-metallurgical industry in the central Andes of Peru is a source of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contamination in milk, and there are no studies on the impact of their ingestion. Using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, we quantified the concentration of these metals in raw milk produced in agroecological zones near these industries, and estimated the exposure and dietary risk in people aged 2-85 yr with minimum, average and maximum daily milk intake. In 2018, 40 raw milk samples were collected from 20 cows at two times of the year. The mean Pb and Cd concentrations were 577 ± 18.2 and 18.35 ± 5.4 μg/kg, all samples exceeded the maximum limits (ML). Children aged 2-5 and 6-15 yr, with average milk consumption, had Pb weekly intakes (WI) of 2019 and 2423 μg, exceeding the risk value; values for Cd 64 and 77 μg were below the risk values. In those older than 20 years the WI for both metals are below the risk values. The Dietary Risk Coefficient (DRC) to Pb in children younger than 8 years was >3 due to higher milk consumption in relation to body weight; for children aged 9-19 years it was 1.7 and 2.9, being <1 for those older than 20 yr. Cd RDCs were <1 at all ages, with the exception of 2-year-olds in the high milk consumption scenario (RDC > 1). There was notable evidence of Pb and Cd exposure risk from consumption of milk produced near mining-metallurgical activities, predominantly for children under 19-year-olds. In Peru there are no regulations for Pb and Cd in fresh milk and milk products, we recommended that ML for heavy metals in food be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Castro-Bedriñana
- Research Center in Food and Nutritional Security, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Peru.
| | - Doris Chirinos-Peinado
- Research Center in Food and Nutritional Security, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Peru
| | - Elva Ríos-Ríos
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Elvis Gómez-Ventura
- Zootechnical Faculty, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Peru
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159
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Pietron WJ, Warenik-Bany M, Wozniak B. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in raw milk from different animal species and in infant formula. Occurrence and risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130479. [PMID: 34126691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widespread, persistent in the environment, and classified as global pollutants. Their presence has been confirmed in various types of food which adversely affect human health when consumed in sufficient amounts. Although milk has advantageous nutritional qualities and there are health benefits associated with its consumption, it could also contain toxic PBDEs. The aim of the study was the determination of the concentrations of ten congeners (BDE -28, -47, -49, -99, -100, -138, -153, -154, -183, and 209) in cow's, sheep's, and goat's milk obtained from Polish farms and their determination in infant formula. A total of 103 samples of raw milk and infant formula were tested using an accredited high-resolution gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry method. PBDEs were detected in all analyzed samples, the highest concentration being found in sheep's milk (11.9 ng g-1 fat), and cow's milk containing the least contamination. BDE-209 makes the predominant contribution to the sum of the ten congeners, constituting at least 38%. The profiles of PBDEs were dependent on the milk type and the differences between its varieties are discussed. The highest median concentration of the sum of ten PBDEs (0.473 ng g-1 fat) was determined in infant formula, which was identified as an important source of infants' exposure (5.48 ng kg-1 b.w. day-1 calculated based on P95 concentration). Milk is a source of PBDE in the diet; however, considered in isolation its consumption does not pose a risk to either adults' or children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Jerzy Pietron
- Radiobiology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Warenik-Bany
- Radiobiology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Barbara Wozniak
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
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160
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Masci M, Zoani C, Nevigato T, Turrini A, Jasionowska R, Caproni R, Ratini P. Authenticity assessment of dairy products by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:340-354. [PMID: 34407231 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Milk and derivatives are a very important part in the diet of the world population. Products from goat, buffalo, and sheep species have a greater economic value than the cow ones, therefore, authenticity frauds by improperly adding cow's milk occur frequently: dairy products are among the seven more attractive foods for adulteration. Milk from each of the above-cited animal species has its own definite profile of whey proteins (variants of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin) and its definite profile of caseins (variants of αS1 -, αS2 -, β-, and κ-casein). Such proteins can be usefully exploited as markers of authenticity by using capillary electrophoresis which is the technique of choice for the analysis of proteins. Due to the multiple adjustable parameters that are unknown to other analytical techniques, capillary electrophoresis is able to detect frauds in milk mixtures and cheese with little use of solvents, fast analysis time, and ease of operation. This makes it attractive and competitive for routine checks that are very important to fight the adulteration market. Advantages and limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Masci
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Zoani
- Department for Sustainability-Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division (ENEA-SSPT-BIOAG), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresina Nevigato
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Rome, Italy
| | - Aida Turrini
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Caproni
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ratini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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161
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Margalho LP, Kamimura BA, Pimentel TC, Balthazar CF, Araujo JV, Silva R, Conte-Junior CA, Raices RS, Cruz AG, Sant’Ana AS. A large survey of the fatty acid profile and gross composition of Brazilian artisanal cheeses. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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162
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Ong SL, Blenkiron C, Haines S, Acevedo-Fani A, Leite JAS, Zempleni J, Anderson RC, McCann MJ. Ruminant Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Nutritional and Therapeutic Opportunity? Nutrients 2021; 13:2505. [PMID: 34444665 PMCID: PMC8398904 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk has been shown to contain a specific fraction of extracellular particles that are reported to resist digestion and are purposefully packaged with lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids to exert specific biological effects. These findings suggest that these particles may have a role in the quality of infant nutrition, particularly in the early phase of life when many of the foundations of an infant's potential for health and overall wellness are established. However, much of the current research focuses on human or cow milk only, and there is a knowledge gap in how milk from other species, which may be more commonly consumed in different regions, could also have these reported biological effects. Our review provides a summary of the studies into the extracellular particle fraction of milk from a wider range of ruminants and pseudo-ruminants, focusing on how this fraction is isolated and characterised, the stability and uptake of the fraction, and the reported biological effects of these fractions in a range of model systems. As the individual composition of milk from different species is known to differ, we propose that the extracellular particle fraction of milk from non-traditional and minority species may also have important and distinct biological properties that warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Ling Ong
- Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, AgResearch Ltd., Massey University Campus, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Cherie Blenkiron
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1051, New Zealand;
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1051, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Haines
- Beyond Food Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Ltd., Lincoln 7674, New Zealand;
| | - Alejandra Acevedo-Fani
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (A.A.-F.); (J.A.S.L.)
| | - Juliana A. S. Leite
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (A.A.-F.); (J.A.S.L.)
| | - Janos Zempleni
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
| | - Rachel C. Anderson
- Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, AgResearch Ltd., Massey University Campus, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (A.A.-F.); (J.A.S.L.)
| | - Mark J. McCann
- Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, AgResearch Ltd., Massey University Campus, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (A.A.-F.); (J.A.S.L.)
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163
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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus aureus in Milk and Traditionally Processed Dairy Products in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5576873. [PMID: 34327229 PMCID: PMC8302372 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5576873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a contagious pathogen that can cause various diseases in both humans and animals. Antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus is becoming an extremely important global health problem. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to May 2020 to assess the occurrence of S. aureus and its antimicrobial susceptibility profiles in milk and traditionally processed dairy products in selected subcities of Addis Ababa. A total of 255 dairy product samples (175 raw milk and 80 traditionally processed dairy products) were collected from farms and retail markets. Samples were cultured for S. aureus according to standard microbiology techniques, and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to assess antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates to a panel of 12 antimicrobials. Susceptibility to methicillin was determined based on the sensitivity of isolates to cefoxitin, and resistant isolates were investigated for the presence of mecA and mecC genes using PCR. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 43 (24.6%) of milk, 7 (17.5%) of yogurt, and 2 (5%) of cottage cheese. A significantly higher rate of contamination with S. aureus was recorded among milk samples compared to yogurt and cottage cheese (p = 0.019). Out of 52 S. aureus isolates investigated for susceptibility to 12 antimicrobials, 49 (94.2%) of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and 42 (80.8%) to amoxicillin+clavulanic acid. Twenty (38.5%) of the isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) based on susceptibility to cefoxitin. However, only one of these isolates (5%) was positive for mecA gene, and none of them were positive for the mecC gene. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the rate of occurrence of MRSA among isolates from different sources. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a significant level of contamination of milk and dairy products with S. aureus and most isolates were multidrug resistant. The occurrence of MRSA in raw milk and dairy products signifies a serious public health threat as the practice of consuming raw dairy products in the study area is widespread. The lack of agreement between phenotypic and genotypic detection of MRSA suggests the need for further study to identify the genetic basis for the observed resistance phenotype.
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164
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Voerman E, Gaillard R, Geurtsen ML, Jaddoe VWV. Maternal First-Trimester Cow-Milk Intake Is Positively Associated with Childhood General and Abdominal Visceral Fat Mass and Lean Mass but Not with Other Cardiometabolic Risk Factors at the Age of 10 Years. J Nutr 2021; 151:1965-1975. [PMID: 33758934 PMCID: PMC8245880 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher maternal cow-milk intake during pregnancy is associated with higher fetal growth measures and higher birth weight. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the associations of maternal milk intake during pregnancy with body fat measures and cardiometabolic risk factors at the age of 10 y. METHODS In a population-based cohort of Dutch mothers and their children (n = 2466) followed from early pregnancy onwards, we assessed maternal first-trimester milk intake (milk and milk drinks) by food-frequency questionnaire. Maternal milk intake was categorized into 0-0.9, 1-1.9, 2-2.9, 3-3.9, 4-4.9, and ≥5 glasses/d, with 1 glass equivalent to 150 mL milk. For children at the age of 10 y, we calculated BMI and obtained detailed measures of body and organ fat by DXA and MRI. We also measured blood pressure and lipid, insulin, and glucose concentrations. Data were analyzed using linear and logistic regression models. RESULTS Compared with children whose mothers consumed 0-0.9 glass of milk/d during their pregnancy, those whose mothers consumed ≥5 glasses of milk/d had a 0.29 SD (95% CI: 0.10, 0.48) higher BMI, 0.27 SD (95% CI: 0.08, 0.47) higher fat mass, 0.26 SD (95% CI: 0.07, 0.46) higher lean mass, 0.30 SD (95% CI: 0.09, 0.50) higher android-to-gynoid fat mass ratio and 0.38 SD (95% CI: 0.09, 0.67) higher abdominal visceral fat mass. After correction for multiple comparisons, groups of maternal milk intake were not associated with pericardial fat mass index, liver fat fraction, blood pressure, or lipid, insulin, or glucose concentrations (P values >0.0125). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that maternal first-trimester milk intake is positively associated with childhood general and abdominal visceral fat mass and lean mass, but not with other cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellis Voerman
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Romy Gaillard
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Madelon L Geurtsen
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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165
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Arslan A, Kaplan M, Duman H, Bayraktar A, Ertürk M, Henrick BM, Frese SA, Karav S. Bovine Colostrum and Its Potential for Human Health and Nutrition. Front Nutr 2021; 8:651721. [PMID: 34235166 PMCID: PMC8255475 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.651721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Colostrum is the first milk produced post-partum by mammals and is compositionally distinct from mature milk. Bovine colostrum has a long history of consumption by humans, and there have been a number of studies investigating its potential for applications in human nutrition and health. Extensive characterization of the constituent fractions has identified a wealth of potentially bioactive molecules, their potential for shaping neonatal development, and the potential for their application beyond the neonatal period. Proteins, fats, glycans, minerals, and vitamins are abundant in colostrum, and advances in dairy processing technologies have enabled the advancement of bovine colostrum from relative limitations of a fresh and unprocessed food to a variety of potential applications. In these forms, clinical studies have examined bovine colostrum as having the substantial potential to improve human health. This review discusses the macro-and micronutrient composition of colostrum as well as describing well-characterized bioactives found in bovine colostrum and their potential for human health. Current gaps in knowledge are also identified and future directions are considered in order to elevate the potential for bovine colostrum as a component of a healthy diet for a variety of relevant human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşenur Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Merve Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Hatice Duman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Bayraktar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
- Uluova Dairy, Canakkale, Turkey
| | | | - Bethany M. Henrick
- Evolve Biosystems, Inc. Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Steven A. Frese
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
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166
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Oz F, Oz E, Aoudeh E, Abd El-Aty AM, Zeng M, Varzakas T. Is Ultra-High Temperature Processed Milk Safe in Terms of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines? Foods 2021; 10:foods10061247. [PMID: 34072697 PMCID: PMC8227235 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the presence of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) in 24 different commercial ultra-high temperature processed (UHT) milk types was investigated. The dry matter and pH values of the samples were also determined. The milk types showed significant differences (p < 0.01) regarding the dry matter, pH values, and individual HAAs and total HAAs. The milk sample dry matter and pH values were in the range of 8.56-13.92% and 6.66-6.91, respectively. The growing up milk samples had the highest dry matter and pH values. While no significant correlation between the total HAAs and dry matter was found, a negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the total HAAs and pH value was determined. Among the tested HAAs, five compounds, (IQx (up to 0.06 ng), IQ (up to 0.10 ng), MeIQx (up to 0.55 ng), MeIQ (up to 1.97 ng), and PhIP (up to 0.39 ng)) were quantified in the samples. The average total HAAs of the samples ranged from 0.13 to 0.67 ng; however, one milk sample (200 mL) contained between 10.10 and 53.35 ng total HAAs. Therefore, it was shown that protein fortification and lactose hydrolysis substantially increased the formation of HAAs in UHT milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey; (E.O.); (E.A.)
- Correspondence: (F.O.); (T.V.); Tel.: +90-442-231-2644 (F.O.); +30-272-104-5279 (T.V.); Fax: +90-442-231-5878 (F.O.)
| | - Emel Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey; (E.O.); (E.A.)
| | - Eyad Aoudeh
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey; (E.O.); (E.A.)
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Theodoros Varzakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
- Correspondence: (F.O.); (T.V.); Tel.: +90-442-231-2644 (F.O.); +30-272-104-5279 (T.V.); Fax: +90-442-231-5878 (F.O.)
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167
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McClements DJ, Grossmann L. The science of plant-based foods: Constructing next-generation meat, fish, milk, and egg analogs. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:4049-4100. [PMID: 34056859 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly demanding foods that are more ethical, sustainable and nutritious to improve the health of themselves and the planet. The food industry is currently undergoing a revolution, as both small and large companies pivot toward the creation of a new generation of plant-based products to meet this consumer demand. In particular, there is an emphasis on the production of plant-based foods that mimic those that omnivores are familiar with, such as meat, fish, egg, milk, and their products. The main challenge in this area is to simulate the desirable appearance, texture, flavor, mouthfeel, and functionality of these products using ingredients that are isolated entirely from botanical sources, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The molecular, chemical, and physical properties of plant-derived ingredients are usually very different from those of animal-derived ones. It is therefore critical to understand the fundamental properties of plant-derived ingredients and how they can be assembled into structures resembling those found in animal products. This review article provides an overview of the current status of the scientific understanding of plant-based foods and highlights areas where further research is required. In particular, it focuses on the chemical, physical, and functional properties of plant-derived ingredients; the processing operations that can be used to convert these ingredients into food products; and, the science behind the formulation of vegan meat, fish, eggs, and milk alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lutz Grossmann
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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168
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Farag MA, Tanios M, AlKarimy S, Ibrahim H, Guirguis HA. Biosensing approaches to detect potential milk contaminants: a comprehensive review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:1169-1192. [PMID: 33989131 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1914864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Accidentally present contaminants or intentionally added adulterants in milk lead potentially to delivering not only unhealthy but seriously hazardous products. Thorough, fast and sensitive analytical tools are essential for monitoring of milk quality, and for screening of any objectionable contaminants. Biosensors represent an innovative, time-efficient and on-site solution to assess milk quality in addition to their specificity towards target analytes alongside high accuracy within such complex matrices. Most biosensors use antibodies, aptamers or enzymes as the bio-receptor and rely on optical, electrochemical or thermometric transduction to generate a signal. The simplest biosensors appear to be those based on a colorimetric assay, being simple and having a signal that can be detected visually. Electrochemical sensors are more specific and sensitive, though with more complicated designs, whereas thermometric sensors have not been thoroughly explored concerning biosensing contaminants in milk. This review discusses recent advances in the field of biosensors and analyzes the various methods of bio-recognition and transduction with regard to their advantages, limitations, and application to milk products. Additionally, challenges facing further development of these strategies to fulfil the increasing demand for fast and on-line milk quality control are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marie Tanios
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara AlKarimy
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany Ibrahim
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hania A Guirguis
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
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169
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Song N, Luo J, Huang L, Tian H, Chen Y, He Q. miR-204-5p and miR-211 Synergistically Downregulate the α S1-Casein Content and Contribute to the Lower Allergy of Goat Milk. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5353-5362. [PMID: 33939400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
αS1-Casein (encoded by the CSN1S1 gene) is associated with higher rates of allergy than other milk protein components for humans. microRNAs (miRNAs) as small noncoding RNA molecules regulate gene expression and influence diverse biological processes. However, little is known about the regulation of milk protein synthesis by miRNAs in ruminants. In this study, we aim to investigate the regulatory roles of miR-204 family members (miR-204-5p and miR-211) on αS1-casein in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMEC). Here, we observed that the CSN1S1 mRNA level is upregulated, while miR-204-5p and miR-211 (miR-204-5p/-211) abundance is downregulated during peak lactation compared with middle lactation of dairy goats. We found that miR-204-5p/-211 synergistically inhibit αS1-casein expression via directly binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of CSN1S1 in GMEC. miR-204-5p/-211 increase β-casein mRNA (CSN2) and protein abundance, as well as the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a (STAT5a) activity. Further, miR-204-5p/-211 enhance β-casein expression via the CSN1S1-STAT5a signaling axis and promote β-casein transcription by activating the STAT5 response element located in the CSN2 promoter. In conclusion, miR-204-5p/-211 regulate αS1-casein and β-casein synthesis via targeting CSN1S1 in GMEC, which provide the strategy for manipulating miR-204 family members to reduce milk allergy potential and improve ruminant milk quality for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Lian Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Huibin Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yating Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Qiuya He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
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170
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Magan JB, O Callaghan TF, Kelly AL, McCarthy NA. Compositional and functional properties of milk and dairy products derived from cows fed pasture or concentrate-based diets. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2769-2800. [PMID: 33949109 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide milk production is predominantly founded on indoor, high-concentrate feeding systems, whereas pasture-based feeding systems are most common in New Zealand and Ireland but have received greater attention recently in countries utilizing conventional systems. Consumer interest in 'pasture-fed' dairy products has also increased, arising from environmental, ethical, and nutritional concerns. A substantial body of research exists describing the effect of different feeding strategies on the composition of milk, with several recent studies focusing on the comparison of pasture- and concentrate-based feeding regimes. Significant variation is typically observed in the gross composition of milk produced from different supplemental feeds, but various changes in the discrete composition of macromolecular components in milk have also been associated with dietary influence, particularly in relation to the fatty acid profile. Changes in milk composition have also been shown to have implications for milk and dairy product processability, functionality and sensory properties. Methods to determine the traceability of dairy products or verify marketing claims such as 'pasture-fed' have also been established, based on compositional variation due to diet. This review explores the effects of feed types on milk composition and quality, along with the ultimate effect of diet-induced changes on milk and dairy product functionality, with particular emphasis placed on pasture- and concentrate-based feeding systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Magan
- Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland.,School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Tom F O Callaghan
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alan L Kelly
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noel A McCarthy
- Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
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171
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Cow's Milk Protein Allergy as a Model of Food Allergies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051525. [PMID: 33946553 PMCID: PMC8147250 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common food allergies in infants, and its prevalence has increased over recent years. In the present paper, we focus on CMA as a model of food allergies in children. Understanding the diagnostic features of CMA is essential in order to manage patients with this disorder, guide the use of an elimination diet, and find the best moment to start an oral food challenge (OFC) and liberalize the diet. To date, no shared tolerance markers for the diagnosis of food allergy have been identified, and OFC remains the gold standard. Recently, oral immunotherapy (OIT) has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy and has changed the natural history of CMA. Before this, patients had to strictly avoid the food allergen, resulting in a decline in quality of life and subsequent nutritional, social, and psychological impairments. Thanks to the introduction of OIT, the passive approach involving rigid exclusion has changed to a proactive one. Both the heterogeneity in the diagnostic process among the studies and the variability of OIT data limit the comprehension of the real epidemiology of CMA, and, consequentially, its natural history. Therefore, well-planned randomized controlled trials are needed to standardize CMA diagnosis, prevention, and treatment strategies.
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Vitamins in Human and Donkey Milk: Functional and Nutritional Role. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051509. [PMID: 33947032 PMCID: PMC8145040 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole milk is a good source of all the nutrients, and it also contains a sufficient number of vitamins to permit regular the growth of the neonate. Dairy cow milk can create allergy in infants less than 12 months old because of the high caseins and β-lactoglobulin content. In these circumstances, donkey milk can represent a good replacement for dairy cows' milk in children affected by Cow Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) because of its close chemical composition with human milk, mainly due to its low protein and low mineral content. Milk vitamin content is highly variable among mammalian species and it is strictly correlated with the vitamin status and the diet administered to the mother. Fat-soluble vitamins content in donkey milk is, on average, lower compared to ruminants' milk, while vitamin C content determined in donkey milk is higher compared to dairy cows' milk, showing a great similarity with human milk. In donkey milk, the content of vitamins of the B-complex such as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, and folic acid is higher compared to human milk. The use of donkey milk as a new functional food must be further evaluated in interdisciplinary clinical trials in which pediatricians, dietitians, and food scientists must be involved to deepen the knowledge about the positive health impact of donkey milk in different sensitive people, especially children and the elderly.
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173
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Wu X, Huang S, Huang J, Peng P, Liu Y, Han B, Sun D. Identification of the Potential Role of the Rumen Microbiome in Milk Protein and Fat Synthesis in Dairy Cows Using Metagenomic Sequencing. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051247. [PMID: 33926012 PMCID: PMC8146572 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The rumen is the main digestive and absorption organ of dairy cows. It contains abundant microorganisms and can effectively use human-indigestible plant mass. Therefore, we used metagenomics to explore the role of rumen microbes in the regulation of milk protein and fat in dairy cows. This study showed that Prevotella species and Neocallimastix californiae in the rumen of cows are related to the synthesis of milk components due to their important functions in carbohydrate, amino acid, pyruvate, insulin, and lipid metabolism and transportation metabolic pathways. Abstract The rumen contains abundant microorganisms that aid in the digestion of lignocellulosic feed and are associated with host phenotype traits. Cows with extremely high milk protein and fat percentages (HPF; n = 3) and low milk protein and fat percentages (LPF; n = 3) were selected from 4000 lactating Holstein cows under the same nutritional and management conditions. We found that the total concentration of volatile fatty acids, acetate, butyrate, and propionate in the rumen fluid was significantly higher in the HPF group than in the LPF group. Moreover, we identified 38 most abundant species displaying differential richness between the two groups, in which Prevotella accounted for 68.8% of the species, with the highest abundance in the HPF group. Functional annotation based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG), evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG), and Carbohydrate-Active enzymes (CAZy) databases showed that the significantly more abundant species in the HPF group are enriched in carbohydrate, amino acid, pyruvate, insulin, and lipid metabolism and transportation. Furthermore, Spearman’s rank correlation analysis revealed that specific microbial taxa (mainly the Prevotella species and Neocallimastix californiae) are positively correlated with total volatile fatty acids (VFA). Collectively, we found that the HPF group was enriched with several Prevotella species related to the total VFA, acetate, and amino acid synthesis. Thereby, these fulfilled the host’s needs for energy, fat, and rumen microbial protein, which can be used for increased biosynthesis of milk fat and milk protein. Our findings provide novel information for elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of the rumen in the formation of milk composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (J.H.); (P.P.); (Y.L.); (B.H.)
| | - Shuai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (J.H.); (P.P.); (Y.L.); (B.H.)
| | - Peng Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (J.H.); (P.P.); (Y.L.); (B.H.)
| | - Yanan Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (J.H.); (P.P.); (Y.L.); (B.H.)
| | - Bo Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (J.H.); (P.P.); (Y.L.); (B.H.)
| | - Dongxiao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (J.H.); (P.P.); (Y.L.); (B.H.)
- Correspondence:
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174
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Mehra R, Singh R, Nayan V, Buttar HS, Kumar N, Kumar S, Bhardwaj A, Kaushik R, Kumar H. Nutritional attributes of bovine colostrum components in human health and disease: A comprehensive review. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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175
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Distinction of volatile flavor profiles in various skim milk products via HS-SPME–GC–MS and E-nose. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03730-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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176
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Kolarič L, Šimko P. The effect of treatment conditions on color characteristics and measure of cholesterol removal from milk by beta-cyclodextrin application. POTRAVINARSTVO 2021. [DOI: 10.5219/1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term high cholesterol intake is one of the most critical risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). As milk and dairy products are rich in cholesterol and are consumed on a large scale, the production of low-cholesterol content products could decrease effectively high cholesterol intake what would be one of the crucial steps in CVD prevention. Thus, this study is aimed at optimization of treatment conditions (mixing speed, time, and temperature) and β-cyclodextrin addition affecting the measure of cholesterol removal in milk. As found, the optimal conditions were identified such as mixing speed 840 rpm, mixing time 10 min, and the temperature of mixing 25 °C while the most effectivity in cholesterol decrease content (98.1%) was observed after 2.0% β-cyclodextrin addition. The cholesterol removal process did not affect considerably the lightness values L* of treated milk, slight differences were noticed in terms of a* and b* color values but ΔE values were statistically insignificant, i.e., the process of cholesterol removal did not affect visual characteristics of treated milk. So, these conditions can be applied for the production of milk base functional foods with the decreased cholesterol content.
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177
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González-Jartín JM, Rodríguez-Cañás I, Alfonso A, Sainz MJ, Vieytes MR, Gomes A, Ramos I, Botana LM. Multianalyte method for the determination of regulated, emerging and modified mycotoxins in milk: QuEChERS extraction followed by UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. Food Chem 2021; 356:129647. [PMID: 33813202 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the quantification of 40 mycotoxins in milk was developed. This method is based on a QuEChERS extraction followed by the ultra-high liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) detection, and allows the simultaneous analysis of regulated, emerging, and modified mycotoxins. A sample treatment procedure was optimized to include a concentration step for the analysis of some compounds such as aflatoxin M1. The method was in-house validated in terms of limits of detection (LODs), limits of quantification (LOQs), linearity, recoveries, and precision. LOQs lower than 10 ng/mL were obtained, and recoveries ranged from 61% to 120% with a precision, expressed as the relative standard deviation, lower than 15%. Therefore, acceptable performance characteristics were obtained fulfilling European regulations. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of mycotoxins in raw milk. It can be highlighted high occurrence of beauvericin and enniatins were found in low amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M González-Jartín
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Inés Rodríguez-Cañás
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - María J Sainz
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Proyectos de Ingeniería, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Mercedes R Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Ana Gomes
- Cooperativa Agrícola de Vila do Conde, R. da Lapa 293, 4480-848 Vila do Conde, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Ramos
- Cooperativa Agrícola de Vila do Conde, R. da Lapa 293, 4480-848 Vila do Conde, Portugal.
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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178
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Huschtscha Z, Parr A, Porter J, Costa RJS. The Effects of a High-Protein Dairy Milk Beverage With or Without Progressive Resistance Training on Fat-Free Mass, Skeletal Muscle Strength and Power, and Functional Performance in Healthy Active Older Adults: A 12-Week Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Nutr 2021; 8:644865. [PMID: 33816540 PMCID: PMC8010144 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.644865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of consuming a high-protein dairy milk beverage, twice daily, with or without a progressive resistance training (PRT) program on outcomes of age-related sarcopenia, in healthy active older (≥50 years) adults. In this 12-week, 2 × 2 factorial study, participants were randomly allocated into one of four groups: dairy milk beverage (DM), exercise and dairy milk beverage (EX+DM), exercise alone (EX), and control (CON). The EX group underwent a 12-week whole-body PRT schedule (three sessions/week) and a high-protein dairy milk beverage (DM) was consumed twice daily (30 g protein/day). At weeks 0, 6, and 12, body composition (iDXA), strength [one-repetition maximum (1RM): leg press, chest press, lateral (lat) pull-down, and handgrip], power (countermovement jump), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2), and physical performance (gait speed) were measured. Before measurements, blood samples were collected to determine the immune (i.e., leukocyte trafficking and inflammatory cytokines) and hormonal (i.e., insulin, cortisol, IGF-1, testosterone, and estradiol) profiles. Participants (n = 37) completed the study within the controlled experimental conditions. Protein intake increased in the EX+DM [mean ± SD, 1.2 ± 0.2 to 1.8 ± 0.4 g/kg body mass (BM) per day-1] and DM (1.3 ± 0.5 to 1.8 ± 0.6 g kg-1 BM day-1) groups during the intervention. Absolute fat-free mass increased in the EX+DM [mean (95% confidence interval) = 0.65 (0.25-1.0) kg] and EX [0.49 (-0.44 to 1.40) kg] groups (P < 0.001) compared to DM [-0.54 (-1.6 to 0.05) kg]. Relative fat mass decreased (group*time, P = 0.018) in DM [-1.8% (-3.3 to -0.35%)] and EX+DM [-1.3% (-2.3 to -0.31%)], which was a greater reduction than that in the CON [0.10% (-0.80 to 1.0%)] group (P < 0.01). Relative maximal strength increased in both the EX and EX+DM (≥35%, P < 0.05) groups, but not in the DM and CON groups. The change in 1RM strength outcomes was higher in EX+DM compared to all other groups (53-78%, P < 0.01). There was an increase in resting plasma IL-10 concentration in EX+DM (88%), compared to all the other groups (P = 0.016). No other differences in systemic inflammatory cytokines were observed. There were no significant changes in all hormone concentrations measured among all groups. In conclusion, a high-protein dairy milk beverage providing additional protein did not further enhance the effects of PRT on outcomes of fat-free mass, power, or physical performance. However, there was a significant augmentative effect for high-protein dairy milk consumption on changes to maximal strength outcomes during PRT in healthy active older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Huschtscha
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexandra Parr
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Judi Porter
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ricardo J. S. Costa
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
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179
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The Behavior of Dairy Consumers in Short Food Supply Chains during COVID-19 Pandemic in Suceava Area, Romania. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13063072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In Romania, there is an emerging market of dairy products delivered through short food supply chains. Although this distribution system has existed since the communist period, and even though more than three decades have passed since then, the market fails to be mature, subject to taxation, or achieve a high diversity in terms of dairy categories, with a consolidated marketing culture that has significant effects on the regional socio-economic environment. The aim of this study was to observe whether the Corona Virus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has influenced consumer behavior regarding dairy products delivered directly from producers in Suceava County, Romania. The research is based on a survey conducted between April and May, 2020, and the analysis relies on both quantitative and qualitative methods (namely, anthropological and ethnographic). From the provided responses, it a change was observed in the future buying behavior on short food supply chains, in a positive sense. One of the key findings was that family represents the main environment for passing on the values that influence the buying behavior. Another key finding was that the behavioral changes on the short food supply chains exert pressure on their digital transformations.
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180
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Isaia HA, Pinilla CMB, Brandelli A. Evidence that protein corona reduces the release of antimicrobial peptides from polymeric nanocapsules in milk. Food Res Int 2021; 140:110074. [PMID: 33648295 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial peptide produced by Bacillus velesensis P34 has a broad activity against Gram-positive bacteria, showing potential as natural food preservative. In this work, nanocapsules (NCs) containing the peptide P34 were produced using the polymers poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) or Eudragit RS-100 (EUD), and their antimicrobial activities were assessed evaluating L. monocytogenes growth in synthetic media, milk and isolated milk proteins. As results, cationic and anionic nanocapsules were obtained, with zeta potential ranging from +15 to +28 mV for EUD and around -19 mV for PCL, and average diameter in the range of 104-130 nm and 224-245 nm, respectively. In the antimicrobial tests, only the P34-EUD NCs presented activity against L. monocytogenes in BHI broth, possibly due to the EUD high swelling and permeability properties, as compared with PCL. In whole and skimmed milk, the P34-EUD NCs caused no inhibition of L. monocytogenes growth, due to a possible interaction of casein proteins with the NCs surface resulting in protein corona formation, which interfered with the antimicrobial peptide release. Therefore, the application of polymeric NCs as antimicrobial delivery systems in foods could be limited by the polymer type, and the adhesion of specific matrix proteins that could form protein corona, reducing the bioactive compound release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Ataide Isaia
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristian Mauricio Barreto Pinilla
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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181
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Zhu D, Kebede B, McComb K, Hayman A, Chen G, Frew R. Milk biomarkers in relation to inherent and external factors based on metabolomics. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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182
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Stam J, Bartel S, Bischoff R, Wolters JC. Isolation of extracellular vesicles with combined enrichment methods. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1169:122604. [PMID: 33713953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are currently of tremendous interest in many research disciplines and EVs have potential for development of EV diagnostics or therapeutics. Most well-known single EV isolation methods have their particular advantages and disadvantages in terms of EV purity and EV yield. Combining EV isolation methods provides additional potential to improve the efficacy of both purity and yield. This review assesses the contribution and efficacy of using combined EV isolation methods by performing a two-step systematic literature analysis from all papers applying EV isolation in the year 2019. This resulted in an overview of the various methods being applied for EV isolations. A second database was generated for all studies within the first database that fairly compared multiple EV isolation methods by determining both EV purity and EV yield after isolation. From these databases it is shown that the most used EV isolation methods are not per definition the best methods based on EV purity or EV yield, indicating that more factors play a role in the choice which EV isolation method to choose than only the efficacy of the method. From the included studies it is shown that ~60% of all the included EV isolations were performed with combined EV isolation methods. The majority of EV isolations were performed with differential ultracentrifugation alone or in combination with differential ultrafiltration. When efficacy of EV isolation methods was determined in terms of EV purity and EV yield, combined EV isolation methods clearly outperformed single EV isolation methods, regardless of the type of starting material used. A recommended starting point would be the use of size-exclusion chromatography since this method, especially when combined with low-speed centrifugation, resulted in the highest EV purity, while still providing a reasonable EV yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Stam
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Bartel
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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183
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Lee JH, Ha AW, Kim WK, Kim SH. The Combined Effects of Milk Intake and Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Density in Korean Adolescents. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030731. [PMID: 33668955 PMCID: PMC7996533 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the combined effects of milk intake and physical activity on bone mineral density in adolescents. This study was conducted using data from the 2009–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which provided measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) in addition to basic health-related data. This study included 1061 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years (557 males and 504 females) whose data on milk intake and participation time in moderate to vigorous physical activity were available. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Milk intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method, and the levels of physical activity were examined using a questionnaire. The physical activity questions of 2009–2011 KNHANES were based on the Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. The subjects were classified into four groups according to milk intake and physical activity level: no milk intake + low-level physical activity group (MnoPlow), no milk intake + high-level physical activity group (MnoPhigh), milk intake + low-level physical activity group (MyesPlow), and milk intake + high-level physical activity group (MyesPhigh). The results of partial correlation controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), and energy intake showed that the BMD variables were associated significantly with physical activity in both males and females. Among males, the MnoPlow group had the lowest BMD in all BMD variables, showing a significant difference from the high-level physical activity groups (MnoPhigh, MyesPhigh) by multiple logistic regression analysis. Among females, the MyesPhigh group showed a significantly higher lumbar BMD value than the other groups. The MnoPlow group had approximately 0.3 to 0.5 times lower odds ratio for median or higher BMD values, compared to MyesPhigh group. These results show that milk intake and physical activity have a combined effect on BMD, and suggest that to achieve healthy bone growth, it is important to encourage both moderate to vigorous physical activity and milk intake during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Sport Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon City 34134, Korea;
| | - Ae Wha Ha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Dankook University, Chungcheongnam-do, Cheonan City 31116, Korea; (A.W.H.); (W.K.K.)
| | - Woo Kyoung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Dankook University, Chungcheongnam-do, Cheonan City 31116, Korea; (A.W.H.); (W.K.K.)
| | - Sun Hyo Kim
- Department of Technology and Home Economics Education, Kongju National University, Chungcheongnam-do, Gongju City 32588, Korea
- Correspondence:
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184
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Refining Knowledge of Factors Affecting Vitamin B 12 Concentration in Bovine Milk. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020532. [PMID: 33670816 PMCID: PMC7922057 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Milk is considered a staple and complete food that contains several essential nutrients for humans. For instance, it is an excellent natural source of vitamin B12 (B12) due to the presence in the bovine rumen of a myriad of bacteria and archaea capable of producing the vitamin. This vitamin is only produced by prokaryotic microorganisms; vegetal products do not naturally contain it. A 250-mL glass of milk contains about 46% of the daily recommended dietary allowance of B12 for individuals over 13 years old. However, B12 concentration is variable in milk; therefore, identifying factors contributing to its variation is critical to ensure a stable B12 supply for consumers. The aims of these experiments are to gather more knowledge on possible sources of variation in B12 concentrations in milk in order to optimize and stabilize its levels and thereby improve the perception of milk in terms of its health benefits. We observed that B12 concentration increases when the conditions of the rumen are optimal, such as with elevated pH. We also studied if bedding type—e.g., recycled manure solid bedding or straw, which has been reported to impact milk microbiota—could have an impact on milk B12 concentration. In this study, no such correlation was detected. This paper is one of a series seeking to elucidate factors responsible for variations in milk B12 concentration. Abstract Milk is an excellent source of vitamin B12 (B12) for humans. Therefore, being able to guarantee a high and consistent concentration of this vitamin would enhance consumer perception of milk as a health food. The aim of the paper was to gather additional knowledge on factors that could explain B12 variation in cow milk through two observational studies: (1) to explore the relationship between milk B12 and ruminal conditions, such as pH and volatile fatty acid concentrations; and (2) to examine the impact of bedding on B12 concentrations in bulk tank milk. For study 1, a total of 72 milk and ruminal liquid samples were obtained from 45 Holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannula between 10 and 392 days of lactation. For study 2, bulk tank milk samples were obtained from 83 commercial herds; 26 herds used recycled manure solid bedding and 57 used straw bedding. Milk samples were analyzed for B12 using radioassay. Using principal component regression analysis, we observed that ruminal pH and the acetate:propionate ratio for cows receiving the early lactation ration were positively correlated with milk B12. Bedding did not influence milk B12 in bulk tanks, which averaged 4276 pg/mL. In conclusion, as B12 is synthesized by ruminal bacteria, optimizing ruminal conditions had a positive effect on milk B12, while bedding management had no influence.
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185
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Sarkar T, Salauddin M, Pati S, Sheikh HI, Chakraborty R. Application of raw and differently dried Pineapple (
Ananas comosus
) pulp on Rasgulla (sweetened Casein Ball) to enhance its phenolic profile, shelf life, and in‐vitro digestibility characteristics. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Jadavpur University Jadavpur India
- Malda Polytechnic West Bengal State Council of Technical EducationGovt. of West Bengal India
| | - Molla Salauddin
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Jadavpur University Jadavpur India
| | - Siddhartha Pati
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development University Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia
- Research Division Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research (ABC) Odisha India
| | - Hassan I. Sheikh
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science University Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Jadavpur University Jadavpur India
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186
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Domingo JL. Concentrations of toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg and Pb) in cow milk: A review of the recent scientific literature. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose L. Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health School of Medicine Universitat Rovira i Virgili San Llorenç 21 43201 Reus CataloniaSpain
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187
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Balthazar CF, Guimarães JT, Rocha RS, Pimentel TC, Neto RP, Tavares MIB, Graça JS, Alves Filho EG, Freitas MQ, Esmerino EA, Granato D, Rodrigues S, Raices RS, Silva MC, Sant’Ana AS, Cruz AG. Nuclear magnetic resonance as an analytical tool for monitoring the quality and authenticity of dairy foods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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188
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Marimón Sibaja KV, Garcia SDO, Nogueira WV, de Oliveira FK, Badiale-Furlong E, Garda-Buffon J. Dietary Exposure Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk and Dairy Products of Latin America. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1880434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Vanessa Marimón Sibaja
- Mycotoxin and Food Science Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Sabrina De Oliveira Garcia
- Mycotoxin and Food Science Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Wesclen Vilar Nogueira
- Mycotoxin and Food Science Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Francine Kerstner de Oliveira
- Mycotoxin and Food Science Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale-Furlong
- Mycotoxin and Food Science Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Garda-Buffon
- Mycotoxin and Food Science Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Brazil
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189
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Playford RJ, Weiser MJ. Bovine Colostrum: Its Constituents and Uses. Nutrients 2021; 13:265. [PMID: 33477653 PMCID: PMC7831509 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colostrum is the milk produced during the first few days after birth and contains high levels of immunoglobulins, antimicrobial peptides, and growth factors. Colostrum is important for supporting the growth, development, and immunologic defence of neonates. Colostrum is naturally packaged in a combination that helps prevent its destruction and maintain bioactivity until it reaches more distal gut regions and enables synergistic responses between protective and reparative agents present within it. Bovine colostrum been used for hundreds of years as a traditional or complementary therapy for a wide variety of ailments and in veterinary practice. Partly due to concerns about the side effects of standard Western medicines, there is interest in the use of natural-based products of which colostrum is a prime example. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated therapeutic benefits of bovine colostrum for a wide range of indications, including maintenance of wellbeing, treatment of medical conditions and for animal husbandry. Articles within this Special Issue of Nutrients cover the effects and use bovine colostrum and in this introductory article, we describe the main constituents, quality control and an overview of the use of bovine colostrum in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond John Playford
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK
- Department of R&D, PanTheryx Inc., Boulder, CO 80301, USA;
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190
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HAJMOHAMMADI M, VALIZADEH R, EBDALABADI MN, NASERIAN A, OLIVEIRA CAFD. Seasonal variations in some quality parameters of milk produced in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.35120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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191
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Jin S, Je Y. Dairy Consumption and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults and Elderly People. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 19:272-280. [PMID: 33373535 DOI: 10.1089/met.2020.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the association of dairy consumption with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a representative sample of Korean adult and elderly population. Methods: We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2018. A total of 18,206 adults (19-64 years) and 5113 elderly people (≥65 years) were included in the analysis. Dairy product consumption was assessed with a 24-hr dietary recall, and the subjects were divided into three groups based on their total dairy consumption (0, <1, ≥1 serving/day). The primary outcome, MetS, was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. Results: After adjusting for covariates, high dairy consumption was associated with 12% lower odds of MetS in adults compared with no dairy consumption [odds ratio (OR) 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-0.998, P for trend = 0.048]. A similar inverse association was found in adult men (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71-0.99), but no significant association was found in adult women (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.78-1.11). For the elderly, high dairy consumption was associated with 20% lower odds of MetS (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.65-0.98, P for trend = 0.020); a significant inverse association was shown in elderly women (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.94) but not in elderly men (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.68-1.28). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that one or more servings/day of dairy products were associated with lower prevalence of MetS in Korean adult men and elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyue Jin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youjin Je
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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192
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Bermejo-Pareja F, Ciudad-Cabañas MJ, Llamas-Velasco S, Tapias-Merino E, Hernández Gallego J, Hernández-Cabria M, Collado-Yurrita L, López-Arrieta JM. Is milk and dairy intake a preventive factor for elderly cognition (dementia and Alzheimer's)? A quality review of cohort surveys. Nutr Rev 2020; 79:743-757. [PMID: 33316068 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk and dairy (M&D) is a longstanding human food with widespread use. Many studies showed the preventive capacity of M&D in several human health disorders, but its utility in others is under discussion. Aging has been associated to elderly cognitive decline including dementia-Alzheimer syndrome (Dem-AD). The absence of a therapy to impede or postpone Dem-AD determines the need for its prevention, including nutritional factors. To evaluate the preventive capacity of M&D consumption in elderly Dem-AD we performed a systematic review in the main biomedical databases and information resources, but we present this study as a narrative review to discuss better the complexity of this subject. The elderly Dem-AD has a long pre-symptomatic period and the M&D intake has a widespread use. These determinants and the quality flaws of published studies impeach us to answer whether M&D consumption is preventive for Dem-AD. Moreover, two long Japanese cohorts suggest that M&D intake could prevent Dem-AD. Prospective cohorts beginning in midlife (or early life) could answer this question in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Bermejo-Pareja
- Research Unit, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid. Chair "Alzheimer disease", Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sara Llamas-Velasco
- Research Institute (Imas12), University Hospital "12 de Octubre," Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Tapias-Merino
- Research Institute (Imas12), University Hospital "12 de Octubre," Madrid, Spain
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193
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Batty B, Kutzler M, Campbell S, Turner R, Bionaz M. Effect of milk vs. sugar-sweetened beverage supplementation on bone development in pre-pubertal pigs as model for children. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1816508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Batty
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Michelle Kutzler
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Scott Campbell
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Russell Turner
- College of Public Health and Human Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Massimo Bionaz
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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194
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Pellay H, Marmonier C, Samieri C, Féart C. Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Dietary, and Nutritional Intakes of French Elderly Community Dwellers According to Their Dairy Product Consumption: Data from the Three-City Cohort. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3418. [PMID: 33171764 PMCID: PMC7695025 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Few data are available regarding dietary habits of the elderly, especially about dairy products (DPs) (total DP and milk, fresh DP, and cheese), whereas these are part of healthy habits. The aim was to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, food, and nutritional intakes of elderly DP consumers. The sample consisted of 1584 participants from the Three-City-Bordeaux cohort (France), who answered a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-h dietary recall. Socio-demographic characteristics, practice of physical activity, Body Mass Index, and polymedication were registered. The sample was 76.2 years (SD 5.0 years) on average, 35% were in line with the French dietary guidelines for DP (3 or 4 servings of DP/day), while 49% were below, and 16% above. Women were significantly more likely to declare the highest total DP (≥4 times/day), milk (>1 time/day), and fresh DP (>1.5 times/day) frequency consumption. The highest cheese frequency consumers (>1.5 times/day) were more likely men, married, and ex-smokers. The highest frequency of fresh DP intake was significantly associated with the lowest energy and lipid intakes, and that of cheese with the highest consumption of charcuteries, meat, and alcohol. This cross-sectional analysis confirmed that the socio-demographics and dietary characteristics varied across DP sub-types consumed, which encourages individual consideration of these confounders in further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermine Pellay
- INSERM, University Bordeaux, BPH, U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (H.P.); (C.S.)
- CNIEL, Service Recherche Nutrition-Santé, F-75009 Paris, France;
| | | | - Cécilia Samieri
- INSERM, University Bordeaux, BPH, U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (H.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Catherine Féart
- INSERM, University Bordeaux, BPH, U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (H.P.); (C.S.)
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195
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Wang XJ, Jiang CQ, Zhang WS, Zhu F, Jin YL, Woo J, Cheng KK, Lam TH, Xu L. Milk consumption and risk of mortality from all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer in older people. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:3442-3451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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196
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Zhang L, Hou J, Zhou H, Nawaz MAH, Li Y, Huang H, Yu C. Identification of milk adulteration by a sensor array based on cationic polymer induced aggregation of a perylene probe. Food Chem 2020; 343:128492. [PMID: 33158685 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel fluorescence sensor array based on cationic polymer induced self-assembly of a perylene probe is developed. Cationic polymer induced aggregation of the carboxyl modified negatively charged perylene probe, and resulted in large quenching of monomer emission and generation of excimer emission. Upon the addition of negatively charged protein, monomer fluorescence restored with a decrease in excimer fluorescence. Based on these observations, we developed a six-channel sensor array to discriminate five main proteins in milk. In addition, we successfully identified pure milk out of different drinks using the developed sensor array since different drinks contained distinct species and contents of proteins. Furthermore, the sensor array exhibited excellent performance to discriminate milk adulterated by different concentrations of adulterants with 100% accuracy of cross validation. The analysis results also presented excellent linear correlation of adulterants contents and thus the developed sensor array shows great potential for quantitative detection of milk adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, PR China
| | - Jiaze Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Huipeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hayat Nawaz
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Yongxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, PR China.
| | - Cong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
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197
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Kopčeková J, Holovičová M, Gažarová M, Mrázová J, Habánová M, Mečiarová L, Bronkowska M. Association between Selected Dietary Habits and Lipid Profiles of Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207605. [PMID: 33086597 PMCID: PMC7590158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the associations between selected dietary habits and lipid profiles in a group of 800 randomly selected patients hospitalized in the Nitra Cardio Center, Slovakia. Patients were aged 20–101 years (only men, the average age was 61.13 ± 10.47 years). The data necessary for the detection of dietary habits were obtained by a questionnaire method in closed-ended format. Data collection was carried out simultaneously with the somatometric and biochemical examinations of the respondents ensured by the Nitra Cardio Center. The following parameters were evaluated: total cholesterol (T-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, and blood glucose. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed using one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. We detected significant differences (p < 0.05) in the influence of the number of daily meals on T-C and LDL-C, which were higher in men who consumed 1–2 meals compared with 3–4 or 5–6 meals. In the consumption of meat, eggs, and fish, there was no significant effect on the biochemical parameters of blood (p > 0.05). We recorded a significant effect (p < 0.001) on T-C and LDL-C levels between low-fat and whole-fat milk consumption. Except for the impact of fruit consumption on the HDL-C level (p < 0.001), the different frequencies of fruit consumption showed non-significant changes for the lipid profile levels. We detected a significant effect (p = 0.017) of the consumption of vegetables 1–2 times/week on LDL-C in favor of daily consumption. Our results support that monitoring the lipid profile is an important determinant in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. The conducted research emphasizes the importance of diet dependence on the improvement of the quality of treatment and nutrition of people with this type of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kopčeková
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.K.); (M.H.); (M.G.); (J.M.); (M.H.); (L.M.)
| | - Mária Holovičová
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.K.); (M.H.); (M.G.); (J.M.); (M.H.); (L.M.)
| | - Martina Gažarová
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.K.); (M.H.); (M.G.); (J.M.); (M.H.); (L.M.)
| | - Jana Mrázová
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.K.); (M.H.); (M.G.); (J.M.); (M.H.); (L.M.)
| | - Marta Habánová
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.K.); (M.H.); (M.G.); (J.M.); (M.H.); (L.M.)
| | - Lucia Mečiarová
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.K.); (M.H.); (M.G.); (J.M.); (M.H.); (L.M.)
| | - Monika Bronkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-713-207-758
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198
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Sarkar T, Salauddin M, Hazra SK, Chakraborty R. The impact of raw and differently dried pineapple ( Ananas comosus) fortification on the vitamins, organic acid and carotene profile of dairy rasgulla (sweetened cheese ball). Heliyon 2020; 6:e05233. [PMID: 33102856 PMCID: PMC7569334 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pineapple, a tropical fruit that is well known for its excellent nutritional characteristics. Rasgulla (sweetened cheese ball) is a dairy based popular sweet found all over India. To enrich the nutritional profile, vitamin content, organic acid and carotene content profile of normal dairy rasgulla (sweetened casein ball) and to make it functionally more active for human health, fortification of rasgulla has been done by using normal pineapple pulp along with hot air, freeze, microwave and microwave convective dried pineapple pulp for overall comparative analysis and they are coded as PP, PH, PF, PMW and PMWC respectively. By using RP-HPLC method quantification of vitamin A, vitamin B group (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7 and B12), tocopherols (α, β, γ and δ form), vitamin C, carotene (α, β, γ and δ form) profile and organic acid profile (oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, propionic acid, succinic acid [SA], and fumaric acid) of all the rasgulla samples are estimated. A significant increase is found for differently fortified rasgulla samples in terms of vitamins content, organic acid and carotene content. B1, B3, B7 and B12 are found maximum in PF whereas B5, B6 and B2 are found maximum for PMWC, PP and NR. The maximum amount of vitamin C and tocopherol are found in PP and PF. PMWC is reported to have maximum carotene content compared to all other samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, West Bengal 732102, India
| | - Molla Salauddin
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sudipta Kumar Hazra
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Corresponding author.
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199
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Milk as a Complex Multiphase Polydisperse System: Approaches for the Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4040151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Milk is a product that requires quality control at all stages of production: from the dairy farm, processing at the dairy plant to finished products. Milk is a complex multiphase polydisperse system, whose components not only determine the quality and price of raw milk, but also reflect the physiological state of the herd. Today’s production volumes and rates require simple, fast, cost-effective, and accurate analytical methods, and most manufacturers want to move away from methods that use reagents that increase analysis time and move to rapid analysis methods. The review presents methods for the rapid determination of the main components of milk, examines their advantages and disadvantages. Optical spectroscopy is a fast, non-destructive, precise, and reliable tool for determination of the main constituents and common adulterants in milk. While mid-infrared spectroscopy is a well-established off-line laboratory technique for the routine quality control of milk, near-infrared technologies provide relatively low-cost and robust solutions suitable for on-site and in-line applications on milking farms and dairy production facilities. Other techniques, discussed in this review, including Raman spectroscopy, atomic spectroscopy, molecular fluorescence spectroscopy, are also used for milk analysis but much less extensively. Acoustic methods are also suitable for non-destructive on-line analysis of milk. Acoustic characterization can provide information on fat content, particle size distribution of fat and proteins, changes in the biophysical properties of milk over time, the content of specific proteins and pollutants. The basic principles of ultrasonic techniques, including transmission, pulse-echo, interferometer, and microbalance approaches, are briefly described and milk parameters measured with their help, including frequency ranges and measurement accuracy, are given.
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200
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Yang B, Dong Y, Wang F, Zhang Y. Nanoformulations to Enhance the Bioavailability and Physiological Functions of Polyphenols. Molecules 2020; 25:E4613. [PMID: 33050462 PMCID: PMC7587200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are micronutrients that are widely present in human daily diets. Numerous studies have demonstrated their potential as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, and for cancer prevention, heart protection and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, due to their vulnerability to environmental conditions and low bioavailability, their application in the food and medical fields is greatly limited. Nanoformulations, as excellent drug delivery systems, can overcome these limitations and maximize the pharmacological effects of polyphenols. In this review, we summarize the biological activities of polyphenols, together with systems for their delivery, including phospholipid complexes, lipid-based nanoparticles, protein-based nanoparticles, niosomes, polymers, micelles, emulsions and metal nanoparticles. The application of polyphenol nanoparticles in food and medicine is also discussed. Although loading into nanoparticles solves the main limitation to application of polyphenolic compounds, there are some concerns about their toxicological safety after entry into the human body. It is therefore necessary to conduct toxicity studies and residue analysis on the carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (B.Y.); (Y.D.); (F.W.)
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