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Ünsal O, Yazıcı O, Özdemir N, Çubukçu E, Ocak B, Üner A, Özet A. Clinical and laboratory outcomes of the solid cancer patients reinfected with SARS-CoV-2. Future Oncol 2021; 18:533-541. [PMID: 34825831 PMCID: PMC8628862 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory outcomes of solid cancer patients who were reinfected with COVID-19. Methods: Patients who were tested negative on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) PCR test and those with improved clinical conditions after infection with COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Patients who received a positive COVID-19 PCR test 28 days after the initial positive PCR test were considered as reinfected. Results: A total of 1024 patients with the diagnosis of solid malignancy and COVID-19 PCR positivity were examined. The reinfection rate was 3.1%. Mortality rate of reinfection was 34.3%. The serum ferritin and creatinine values in reinfection were found to be significantly higher than the first infection (respectively; p = 0.015, p = 0.014). Conclusion: This study has demonstrated one of the first preliminary clinical results of COVID-19 reinfection in solid cancer patients. Solid cancer patients are at a higher risk than general population in terms of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infectivity and COVID-19-associated death and disease. It is also known that COVID-19 infection has a more severe course in immunocompromised patients. Solid cancer patients may be a vulnerable subgroup of patients to reinfection with COVID-19. The rate of reinfection was 3.1% (n = 32) in our study population of 1024 solid cancer patients who were tested positive on a COVID-19 PCR test. The death rate of the patients with solid cancer was 34.3% (n = 11). In addition, we demonstrated that intensive care follow-up is significantly longer during the reinfection period. It was demonstrated that the time between the last dose of chemotherapy for the patients and the reinfection COVID PCR positivity did not affect the death rate. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people's daily lives and treatments in many aspects. Owing to the high death rate of reinfection, even if cancer patients have reinfection, our approach is to continue cancer treatment as soon as the patient is cured. Finally, we support the priority vaccination of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Ünsal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06560, Turkey
| | - Ozan Yazıcı
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06560, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Özdemir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06560, Turkey
| | - Erdem Çubukçu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa 16059, Turkey
| | - Birol Ocak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa 16059, Turkey
| | - Aytuğ Üner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06560, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Özet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06560, Turkey
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152
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Bonuomo V, Ferrarini I, Dell'Eva M, Sbisà E, Krampera M, Visco C. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 infection) in lymphoma patients: A review. World J Virol 2021; 10:312-325. [PMID: 34909405 PMCID: PMC8641038 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v10.i6.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection now has a global resonance and represents a major threat for several patient populations. Observations from initial case series suggested that cancer patients in general might have an unfavorable outcome following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), due to their underlying conditions and cytotoxic treatments. More recently, data regarding the incidence and clinical evolution of COVID-19 in lymphomas have been reported with the aim to identify those more frequently associated with severe complications and death. Patients with lymphoma appear particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection, only partly because of the detrimental effects of the anti-neoplastic regimens (chemotherapy, pathway inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies) on the immune system. Here, we systematically reviewed the current literature on COVID-19 in adult patients with lymphoma, with particular emphasis on disease course and prognostic factors. We also highlighted the potential differences in COVID-19 clinical picture according to lymphoma subtype, delivered treatment for the hematological disease and its relationship on how these patients have been managed thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bonuomo
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Isacco Ferrarini
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Michele Dell'Eva
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Eugenio Sbisà
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Carlo Visco
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
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153
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Elsamany S, Elbaiomy M, Zeeneldin A, Tashkandi E, Hassanin F, Abdelhafeez N, O Al-Shamsi H, Bukhari N, Elemam O. Suggested Modifications to the Management of Patients With Breast Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Web-Based Survey Study. JMIR Cancer 2021; 7:e27073. [PMID: 34726611 PMCID: PMC8594736 DOI: 10.2196/27073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of patients with cancer in the current era of the COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant challenge to health care systems. Breast cancer is the most common cancer internationally. Breast cancer is a disease that involves surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and, more recently, immunotherapy in its management plan. The immune system requires months to recover from these medications, and this condition is even worse in patients with metastatic breast cancer who need ongoing treatment with these drugs. Some of these drugs, such as inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, can cause rare but life-threating lung inflammation. Patients with breast cancer who have metastatic disease to the lungs can experience deterioration of disease symptoms with COVID-19 infection. Oncologists treating patients with breast cancer are facing a difficult situation regarding treatment choice. The impact that COVID-19 has had on breast cancer care is unknown, including how to provide the best care possible without compromising patient and community safety. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the views of oncologists regarding the management of patients with breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A web-based SurveyMonkey questionnaire was submitted to licensed oncologists involved in breast cancer management in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and United Arab Emirates. The survey focused on characteristics of the participants, infection risk among patients with cancer, and possible treatment modifications related to different types of breast cancer. RESULTS The survey was completed by 82 participants. For early hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer, 61 of the 82 participants (74%) supported using neoadjuvant hormonal therapy in selected patients, and 58% (48/82) preferred giving 6 over 8 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy when indicated. Only 43% (35/82) preferred inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 with hormonal therapy as the first-line treatment in all patients with metastatic HR-positive disease. A total of 55 of the 82 participants (67%) supported using adjuvant trastuzumab for 6 instead of 12 months in selected patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. For metastatic HER2-positive, HR-positive breast cancer, 80% of participants (66/82) supported the use of hormonal therapy with dual anti-HER2 blockade in selected patients. The preferred choice of first-line treatment in metastatic triple negative patients with BRCA mutation and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) <1% was poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor according to 41% (34/82) of the participants, and atezolizumab with nab-paclitaxel was preferred for PD-L1 >1% according to 71% (58/82) of the participants. CONCLUSIONS Several modifications in breast cancer management were supported by the survey participants. These modifications need to be discussed on a local basis, taking into account the local infrastructure and available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereef Elsamany
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Zeeneldin
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad Tashkandi
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Umm AlQura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayza Hassanin
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafisa Abdelhafeez
- Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaid O Al-Shamsi
- Department of Oncology, Alzahra Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nedal Bukhari
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omima Elemam
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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154
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Varikasuvu SR, Varshney S, Dutt N, Munikumar M, Asfahan S, Kulkarni PP, Gupta P. D-dimer, disease severity, and deaths (3D-study) in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 100 studies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21888. [PMID: 34750495 PMCID: PMC8576016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercoagulability and the need for prioritizing coagulation markers for prognostic abilities have been highlighted in COVID-19. We aimed to quantify the associations of D-dimer with disease progression in patients with COVID-19. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020186661.We included 113 studies in our systematic review, of which 100 records (n = 38,310) with D-dimer data) were considered for meta-analysis. Across 68 unadjusted (n = 26,960) and 39 adjusted studies (n = 15,653) reporting initial D-dimer, a significant association was found in patients with higher D-dimer for the risk of overall disease progression (unadjusted odds ratio (uOR) 3.15; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.64). The time-to-event outcomes were pooled across 19 unadjusted (n = 9743) and 21 adjusted studies (n = 13,287); a strong association was found in patients with higher D-dimers for the risk of overall disease progression (unadjusted hazard ratio (uHR) 1.41; adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.10). The prognostic use of higher D-dimer was found to be promising for predicting overall disease progression (studies 68, area under curve 0.75) in COVID-19. Our study showed that higher D-dimer levels provide prognostic information useful for clinicians to early assess COVID-19 patients at risk for disease progression and mortality outcomes. This study, recommends rapid assessment of D-dimer for predicting adverse outcomes in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Naveen Dutt
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Manne Munikumar
- Department of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Shahir Asfahan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Paresh P Kulkarni
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Pratima Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, 249203, India
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155
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Sapkota D, Sharma S, Søland TM, Braz-Silva PH, Teh MT. Expression profile of SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry proteins in normal oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 8:117-122. [PMID: 34726347 PMCID: PMC8653086 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Besides angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), an active involvement of proteases (FURIN and/or TMPRSS2) is important for cellular entry of SARS‐CoV‐2. Therefore, a simultaneous expression profiling of entry proteins in a tissue might provide a better risk assessment of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection as compared to individual proteins. In an attempt to understand the relative susceptibility of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) lesions as compared to the normal oral mucosa (NOM) for SARS‐CoV‐2 attachment/entry, this study examined the mRNA and protein expression profiles of ACE2, FURIN, and TMPRSS2 in the corresponding tissues using public transcriptomic and proteomics datasets. Methods and methods Public transcriptomic and proteomics datasets (the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)/the Genotype‐Tissue Expression (GTEx), the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and two independent microarray datasets) were used to examine the expression profiles of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and FURIN in NOM and OSCC. Results ACE2, TMPRSS2, and FURIN mRNAs were detected in NOM, however, at lower levels as compared to other body tissues. Except for moderate up‐regulation of FURIN, expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 mRNA were unchanged/down‐regulated in OSCC as compared to the NOM. Conclusions These results indicate that NOM may serve as a possible site for SARS‐CoV‐2 attachment, however, to a lesser extent as compared to organs with higher expression levels of the SARS‐CoV‐2 entry proteins. However, the evidence is lacking to suggest that expression status of entry proteins predisposes OSCC lesions to additional risk for SARS‐CoV‐2 attachment/entry as compared to NOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Sapkota
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sunita Sharma
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tine M Søland
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paulo H Braz-Silva
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Muy-Teck Teh
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,China-British Joint Molecular Head and Neck Cancer Research Laboratory, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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156
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Vacharathit V, Srichatrapimuk S, Manopwisedjaroen S, Kirdlarp S, Srisaowakarn C, Setthaudom C, Inrueangsri N, Pisitkun P, Kunakorn M, Hongeng S, Sungkanuparph S, Thitithanyanont A. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies decline over one year and patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia display a unique cytokine profile. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 112:227-234. [PMID: 34536610 PMCID: PMC8442529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rages on worldwide, there is an urgent need to characterize immune correlates of protection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and to identify immune determinants of COVID-19 severity. METHODS This study examined the longitudinal profiles of neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients clinically diagnosed with mild symptoms, pneumonia, or severe pneumonia, up to 12 months after illness onset, using live-virus neutralization. Multiplex, correlation, and network analyses were used to characterize serum-derived inflammatory cytokine profiles in all severity groups. RESULTS Peak NAb titers correlated with disease severity, and NAb titers declined over the course of 12 months regardless of severity. Multiplex analyses revealed that IP-10, IL-6, IL-7, and VEGF-α were significantly elevated in severe pneumonia cases compared to those with mild symptoms and pneumonia cases. Correlation and network analyses further suggested that cytokine network formation was distinct in different COVID-19 severity groups. CONCLUSIONS The study findings inform on the long-term kinetics of naturally acquired serological immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and highlight the importance of identifying key cytokine networks for potential therapeutic immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimvara Vacharathit
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sirawat Srichatrapimuk
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | | | - Suppachok Kirdlarp
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Chanya Srisaowakarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chavachol Setthaudom
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nanthicha Inrueangsri
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Pisitkun
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mongkol Kunakorn
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Somnuek Sungkanuparph
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Arunee Thitithanyanont
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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157
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The effect of underlying diabetes disease on clinical outcome and survival in patients with Covid-19: a propensity score matching study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1675-1683. [PMID: 34746038 PMCID: PMC8556822 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00922-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Coronavirus increases mortality rate in people with underlying disease. The purpose of the present research was to compare the clinical outcomes in Covid-19 patients with and without underlying diabetes disease using propensity score matching. Methods A matched case-control study was conducted on 459 diabetic patients with Covid-19 (case group) and 459 non-diabetic patients with Covid-19 (control group). Matching in two groups was performed using propensity score matching method. The effect of covariates on the clinical outcome of the patients (recovery-death) was assessed using logistic regression and the associations of factors with the patients' survival were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Data were analyzed using R software. Results The mean (standard deviation) age of patients in the case and control groups were 65.77 (12.2) and 65.8 (12.24), respectively. 196 patients (43%) in the case group, and 249 patients (54%) in the control group were male (with P-value < 0.05). The logistic regression model showed that the variables of age, level of blood oxygen (SpO2), ICU admission, length of hospitalization, cancer and diabetes affected patients' death. Furthermore, the resuts of the Cox regression showed that the variables of age, level of blood oxygen (SpO2), ICU admission,cancer and diabetes were related to survival of the patients. It was found that diabetes was significantly associated with mortality from COVID-19 with odds ratio of 2.88 (95% CI: 1.80-4.69; P < 0.01) and hazard ratio of 1.45 (95% CI: 1.01-2.03; P = 0.05). Conclusion The underlying diabetes significantly increases the mortality among patients with Covid-19, so special care should be taken for this high risk group if they develop Covid-19.
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158
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Li S, Yang S, Zhou Y, Disoma C, Dong Z, Du A, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Huang W, Chen J, Song D, Chen Z, Liu P, Li S, Zheng R, Liu S, Razzaq A, Chen X, Tao S, Yu C, Feng T, Liao W, Peng Y, Jiang T, Huang J, Wu W, Hu L, Wang L, Li S, Xia Z. Microbiome Profiling Using Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing Identified Unique Microorganisms in COVID-19 Patients With Altered Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:712081. [PMID: 34707577 PMCID: PMC8542975 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.712081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is mainly associated with respiratory distress syndrome, but a subset of patients often present gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Imbalances of gut microbiota have been previously linked to respiratory virus infection. Understanding how the gut–lung axis affects the progression of COVID-19 can provide a novel framework for therapies and management. In this study, we examined the gut microbiota of patients with COVID-19 (n = 47) and compared it to healthy controls (n = 19). Using shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we have identified four microorganisms unique in COVID-19 patients, namely Streptococcus thermophilus, Bacteroides oleiciplenus, Fusobacterium ulcerans, and Prevotella bivia. The abundances of Bacteroides stercoris, B. vulgatus, B. massiliensis, Bifidobacterium longum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lachnospiraceae bacterium 5163FAA, Prevotella bivia, Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium 6145, and Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium 2244A were enriched in COVID-19 patients, whereas the abundances of Clostridium nexile, Streptococcus salivarius, Coprococcus catus, Eubacterium hallii, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Adlercreutzia equolifaciens were decreased (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of butyrate-producing Roseburia inulinivorans is evidently depleted in COVID-19 patients, while the relative abundances of Paraprevotella sp. and the probiotic Streptococcus thermophilus were increased. We further identified 30 KEGG orthology (KO) modules overrepresented, with 7 increasing and 23 decreasing modules. Notably, 15 optimal microbial markers were identified using the random forest model to have strong diagnostic potential in distinguishing COVID-19. Based on Spearman’s correlation, eight species were associated with eight clinical indices. Moreover, the increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased abundance of Firmicutes were also found across clinical types of COVID-19. Our findings suggest that the alterations of gut microbiota in patients with COVID-19 may influence disease severity. Our COVID-19 classifier, which was cross-regionally verified, provides a proof of concept that a set of microbial species markers can distinguish the presence of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzheng Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cyrollah Disoma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zijun Dong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ashuai Du
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Chen
- The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | | | - Junru Chen
- Suzhou Geneworks Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Deqiang Song
- Suzhou Geneworks Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Zongpeng Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pinjia Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shiqin Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sixu Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aroona Razzaq
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siyi Tao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengping Yu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianxu Feng
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenyan Liao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yousong Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Taijiao Jiang
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jufang Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqiang Hu
- The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Linghang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanni Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zanxian Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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159
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Nomoto H, Suzuki S, Asai Y, Hayakawa K, Gatanaga H, Terada M, Suzuki K, Ohtsu H, Toyoda A, Ohmagari N. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of immunosuppressed inpatients with COVID-19 in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2021; 28:224-231. [PMID: 34776348 PMCID: PMC8552558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of immunosuppressed inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods In this observational study, we utilized a large nationwide registry of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Japan. Patients’ baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared according to the immunosuppressed states of the patients. The impact of different therapeutic agents on the clinical courses of the patients was evaluated. Results Data of 14,760 patients were included, and 887 (5.9%) were immunosuppressed. The immunosuppressed state of the patient resulted from solid tumor (43.3%, n = 384), chemotherapy within 3 months (15.6%, n = 138), collagen disease (16.9%, n = 150), use of immunosuppressive agents (16.0%, n = 142), and metastatic solid tumor (13.5%, n = 120). Immunosuppressed patients were older and had a higher severity of illness at admission and during hospitalization than non-immunosuppressed patients. The mortality rates for major diseases causing immunosuppression were as follows: solid tumor, 12.5% (48/384; P < 0.001; relative risk [RR], 3.41); metastatic solid tumor, 31.7% (38/120; P < 0.001; RR, 8.43); leukemia, 23.1% (9/39; P < 0.001; RR, 5.87); lymphoma, 33.3% (20/60; P < 0.001; RR, 8.63); and collagen disease, 15.3% (23/150; P < 0.001; RR 3.97). Underlying diseases with high mortality rates were not necessarily associated with high rates of invasive supportive care. Conclusions The prognosis of immunosuppressed COVID-19 inpatients varied according to the different immunosuppressed states. Multiple factors, including the severity of the underlying diseases, might have affected their invasive supportive care indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Nomoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan; Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai City, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Setsuko Suzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yusuke Asai
- AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Kayoko Hayakawa
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan; AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Gatanaga
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Mari Terada
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan; Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Kumiko Suzuki
- AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohtsu
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Ako Toyoda
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan; Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai City, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
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Claudiani S. Is COVID-19 less severe in CML patients than in those with other haematological cancers? Br J Haematol 2021; 196:471-472. [PMID: 34708401 PMCID: PMC8653325 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Claudiani
- Department of Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
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161
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COVID-19 Presentation and Outcomes among Cancer Patients: A Matched Case-Control Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215283. [PMID: 34771446 PMCID: PMC8582532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer patients have been described in previous studies as having a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 and a higher risk of developing a severe form of the disease. In this study, we compared a group of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 within the Lyon area with a matched group of patients free of cancer and also hospitalized for COVID-19. Cancer patients and control patients were matched in order to have a similar age, gender, and other preexisting conditions. In this study, the risk of death was higher among cancer patients, but the intensity of care was lower (lower access to intensive care unit, shorter length of stay). The risk of death among cancer patients appears to be mainly driven by the severity of the infection and therapeutic limitations decided at admission. Abstract It has been suggested that cancer patients are at higher risk of contracting COVID-19 and at higher risk of developing a severe form of the disease and fatality. This study’s objectives were to measure the excess risk of mortality and morbidity of patients with cancer among patients hospitalized for a SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to identify factors associated with the risk of death and morbidity among cancer patients. All first cancer patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the two main hospitals of the Lyon area were included. These patients were matched based on age, gender, and comorbidities with non-cancer control patients. A total of 108 cancer patients and 193 control patients were included. The severity at admission and the symptoms were similar between the two groups. The risk of early death was higher among cancer patients, while the risk of intubation, number of days with oxygen, length of stay in ICU, and length of hospital stay were reduced. The main factors associated with early death among cancer patients was the severity of COVID-19 and the number of previous chemotherapy lines. The outcomes appear to be driven by the severity of the infection and therapeutic limitations decided at admission.
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Lu H, Shi Y, Chen K, Chen Z, Zhu H, Niu Y, Xia D, Wu Y. Impact of antitumor regimens on the outcomes of cancer patients with COVID-19: a pooled analysis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:876-884. [PMID: 34636190 PMCID: PMC8505457 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haohua Lu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Shi
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Kelie Chen
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Haihong Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuequn Niu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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163
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Liu Y, Liu S, Qin Y, Zhao L, Li Y, Zhou C, Chen W. Does prior exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment affect incidence and mortality of COVID-19 among the cancer patients: The systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108242. [PMID: 34688136 PMCID: PMC8502698 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment among cancer patients has been shown to have antiviral effects by reactivating exhausted T cells. However, they could also trigger inflammatory storm. Therefore, prior exposure to ICIs may influence the risk of SARS-CoV2 infection and subsequent mortality. Recent results from studies of ICIs treatment on incidence and mortality of COVID-19 are controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched databases PubMed, Embase, ISI of Knowledge, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), as well as pre-print databases (MedRxiv and BioRxiv) for retrospective and prospective studies comparing ICIs versus other antitumor treatments in cancer patients in the area of COVID-19 pandemic. The primary outcome was the incidence of COVID-19. The secondary outcomes were mortality of COVID-19. RESULTS Twenty-three studies with a total of 117,735 patients were selected. Compared with other antitumor treatments, prior exposure to ICIs had not an increased risk of incidence [Odds ratio (OR), 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.60-1.18; P = 0.32] and mortality (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.91-1.62; P = 0.18) of COVID-19 infectioin. Our subgroup and meta-regression analyses indicated that prior exposure to ICIs may reduce the incidence of COVID-19 in metastatic cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference on incidence and mortality of COVID-19 between prior exposure to ICIs with other anti-tumor treatments. ICIs may reduce infection susceptibility of COVID-19 in metastatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Surgical intensive care unit, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Qin
- Department of Intensive care unit, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Intensive care unit, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenghui Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Intensive care unit, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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164
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Zorzi M, Guzzinati S, Avossa F, Fedeli U, Calcinotto A, Rugge M. SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:730131. [PMID: 34707988 PMCID: PMC8542867 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.730131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM In a consecutive series of cancer patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection, this retrospective population-based study investigates the risks of viral infection and death. METHODS Malignancies were distinguished as incident or prevalent (active or inactive). Cancer management and vital status were retrieved from institutional regional databases. Comorbidities were recorded, based on Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG). Six Resource Utilization Bands (RUBs) were also considered. Independent risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and death were identified using multivariable logistic regression, considering sex, age, comorbidities and RUBs, cancer status (active versus prevalent), primary cancer site, and treatments (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy). RESULTS Among 34,929 cancer patients, 1,090 (3.1%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection (CoV2+ve). The risk of infection was associated with age (OR per 1-year increase=1.012; 95%CI=1.007-1.017), prevalent-inactive disease, hematologic malignancies (OR=1.33; 95%CI=1.03-1.72) and RUB (OR per 1-level increase=1.14; 95%CI=1.05-1.24). Among CoV2+ve cancer patients, the risk of death was doubled for males, and increased with age (OR per 1-year increase=1.07; 95%CI=1.06-1.09) and comorbidities (renal [OR=3.18; 95%CI=1.58-6.49], hematological [OR=3.08; 95%CI=1.49-6.50], respiratory [OR=2.87; 95%CI=1.61-5.14], endocrine [OR=2.09; 95%CI=1.25-3.51]). Lung and blood malignancies raised the mortality risk (OR=3.55; 95%CI=1.56-8.33, and OR=1.81; 95%CI=1.01-3.25 respectively). Incident or prevalent-active disease and recent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (OR=4.34; 95%CI=1.85-10.50) increased the risk of death. CONCLUSION In a large cohort of cancer patients, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher for those with inactive disease than in incident or prevalent-active cases. Among CoV2+ve cancer patients, active malignancies and recent multimodal therapy both significantly raised the risk of death, which increased particularly for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Zorzi
- Regional Epidemiological Service Unit, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Tumor Registry, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Avossa
- Regional Epidemiological Service Unit, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | - Ugo Fedeli
- Regional Epidemiological Service Unit, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Calcinotto
- Institute of Oncology Research (iOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Veneto Tumor Registry, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
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Migo W, Boskovic M, Likic R. The development of biologics to target SARS-CoV2: Treatment potential of antibodies in patient groups with poor immune response. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 2:100064. [PMID: 34870159 PMCID: PMC8501196 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of novel antibodies to combat the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus is ongoing. Importantly, particular subgroups are more prone to severe disease, namely patients with poor immune responses. This includes cancer patients with solid and haematological disease, solid organ transplant (SOT) patients and those with congenital or acquired immunodeficiency. Outcomes for patients with poor immune responses receiving antibody therapy for underlying disease and SARS-CoV-2 severe infection are undergoing investigation. The objective of this study was to perform a search on patients with poor immune responses with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, to assess if antibody therapy is beneficial in such populations. We performed searches using PubMED and medrXiv up to May 2021 of patients with solid and hematologic malignancy, SOT patients and acquired or congenital immunodeficiency. The primary outcome was to assess if antibody therapy was included during SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical outcomes of such treatment in this population. Here we find that there is a repurposing of monoclonal antibodies to target cytokine release syndrome, along with the use of convalescent plasma (CP). Despite CP demonstrating promising results, we reiterate evidence that CP forces mutational escape and subsequent variant development. Repurposing of antibody therapies (such as Tocilizumab) proved effective, especially in SOT patients. This also potentially opens an avenue for the use of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein neutralizing monoclonal antibodies; however, studies have yet to focus on patients with poor immune responses as a subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Migo
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Croatia
| | | | - Robert Likic
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Croatia
- Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Croatia
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166
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He Y, Ding Y, Cao B, Huang Y, Wang X. COVID-19 vaccine development from the perspective of cancer patients. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3281-3287. [PMID: 34170788 PMCID: PMC8437497 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1943988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, many companies around the world are actively developing COVID-19 vaccines. Fourteen vaccines with reliable safety and effectiveness are being successfully distributed to the public. However, there is no specific clinical trial data of the vaccines currently on the market on cancer patients at various stages, so the safety and effectiveness on cancer patients is unknown. This mini-review aims to discuss the impact of COVID-19 on cancer patients, and the urgent need of COVID-19 vaccines for cancer patients. In this review, we described the current status of the COVID-19 vaccine usages in cancer patients, as well as discussed potential problems in the use of vaccine. In addition, we included an original survey of the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines in 209 cancer patients and their family members. COVID-19 vaccine can provide cancer patients with social and medical benefits; therefore, clinical trials of vaccines on cancer patients are in great need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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167
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Baek MS, Lee MT, Kim WY, Choi JC, Jung SY. COVID-19-related outcomes in immunocompromised patients: A nationwide study in Korea. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257641. [PMID: 34597325 PMCID: PMC8486114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Given the rapid increased in confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related mortality, it is important to identify vulnerable patients. Immunocompromised status is considered a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19. We aimed to determine whether immunocompromised patients with COVID-19 have an increased risk of mortality. Method The groups’ baseline characteristics were balanced using a propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weighting approach. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the risks of in-hospital mortality and other outcomes according to immunocompromised status using a multivariable logistic regression model. We identified immunocompromised status based on a diagnosis of malignancy or HIV/AIDS, having undergone organ transplantation within 3 years, prescriptions for corticosteroids or oral immunosuppressants for ≥30 days, and at least one prescription for non-oral immunosuppressants during the last year. Results The 6,435 COVID-19 patients (≥18 years) included 871 immunocompromised (13.5%) and 5,564 non-immunocompromised (86.5%). Immunocompromised COVID-19 patients were older (60.1±16.4 years vs. 47.1±18.7 years, absolute standardized mean difference: 0.738). The immunocompromised group had more comorbidities, a higher Charlson comorbidity index, and a higher in-hospital mortality rate (9.6% vs. 2.3%; p < .001). The immunocompromised group still had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate after inverse probability of treatment weighting (6.4% vs. 2.0%, p < .001). Multivariable analysis adjusted for baseline imbalances revealed that immunocompromised status was independently associated with a higher risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.62–2.68, p < .001). Conclusions Immunocompromised status among COVID-19 patients was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Seong Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Taek Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Chol Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Cioffi R, Sabetta G, Rabaiotti E, Bergamini A, Bocciolone L, Candotti G, Candiani M, Valabrega G, Mangili G, Pignata S. Impact of COVID-19 on medical treatment patterns in gynecologic oncology: a MITO group survey. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2021; 31:1363-1368. [PMID: 34426526 PMCID: PMC8384495 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2021-002784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE COVID-19 is a global public health emergency. The increasing spread of COVID-19 presents challenges for the clinical care of patients with gynecological tumors. The Multicenter Italian Trials in Ovarian cancer and gynecologic malignancies (MITO) performed a survey to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical treatment of gynecological cancer, with a focus on chemotherapy and oral treatment with poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARP-i). METHODS The survey consisted of a self-administered online questionnaire, sent via email between November 2020 and January 2021 to all members of MITO group. RESULTS Forty-nine centers completed the questionnaire. The majority of respondents (83%) use screening tests to determine COVID-19 status in patients who were to undergo chemotherapy or oral medications. All respondents to our survey continued cancer therapy in patients who tested negative for COVID-19 during the pandemic. Seventy-three percent of respondents declared they stopped treatment with chemotherapy or PARP-i only after a positive swab and resumed therapy when negative tests were confirmed. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 positivity impacted patterns of treatment in patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer within the MITO group. Further investigations are needed to evaluate whether these modifications influence oncological clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Cioffi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Sabetta
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rabaiotti
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Bergamini
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Bocciolone
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Candotti
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giorgia Mangili
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Pignata
- Department of Uro-Gynecological Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G Pascale" IRCCS, Naples, Italy
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169
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Chen X, Deng W, Zhou W, Liu Y, Chen J, Gao Y, Xiao K, Man L, Qu W, Zeng H, Ye S. Understanding the experiences of patients with cancers in hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic in China: A qualitative research study. Nurs Open 2021; 9:358-366. [PMID: 34569186 PMCID: PMC8685771 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the experiences of patients with cancers in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN A qualitative research study. METHODS Using a phenomenological approach, we enrolled 22 patients with cancers in the Hunan Cancer Hospital from 20 February 2020 to 10 April 2020. The interviews were conducted face-to-face and were analysed by Colaizzi's 7-step method. This study aligns with the COREQ checklist. RESULTS The experiences of patients with cancers in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic can be categorized into four major themes: (1) emotional changes; (2) delays in visiting hospital; (3) barriers to accessing medical care services, and (4) inconvenience related to logistics services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Hunan Xiangya stomatological hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenyu Deng
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- School of literature and journalism, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kuirong Xiao
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Man
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wanting Qu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongjuan Zeng
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sha Ye
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Geng J, Chen L, Yuan Y, Wang K, Wang Y, Qin C, Wu G, Chen R, Zhang Z, Wei D, Du P, Zhang J, Lin P, Zhang K, Deng Y, Xu K, Liu J, Sun X, Guo T, Yang X, Wu J, Jiang J, Li L, Zhang K, Wang Z, Zhang J, Yan Q, Zhu H, Zheng Z, Miao J, Fu X, Yang F, Chen X, Tang H, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Zhu Y, Pei Z, Huo F, Liang X, Wang Y, Wang Q, Xie W, Li Y, Shi M, Bian H, Zhu P, Chen ZN. CD147 antibody specifically and effectively inhibits infection and cytokine storm of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants delta, alpha, beta, and gamma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:347. [PMID: 34564690 PMCID: PMC8464593 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00760-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 mutations contribute to increased viral transmissibility and immune escape, compromising the effectiveness of existing vaccines and neutralizing antibodies. An in-depth investigation on COVID-19 pathogenesis is urgently needed to develop a strategy against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we identified CD147 as a universal receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Meanwhile, Meplazeumab, a humanized anti-CD147 antibody, could block cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants-alpha, beta, gamma, and delta, with inhibition rates of 68.7, 75.7, 52.1, 52.1, and 62.3% at 60 μg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, humanized CD147 transgenic mice were susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and its two variants, alpha and beta. When infected, these mice developed exudative alveolar pneumonia, featured by immune responses involving alveoli-infiltrated macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes and activation of IL-17 signaling pathway. Mechanistically, we proposed that severe COVID-19-related cytokine storm is induced by a "spike protein-CD147-CyPA signaling axis": Infection of SARS-CoV-2 through CD147 initiated the JAK-STAT pathway, which further induced expression of cyclophilin A (CyPA); CyPA reciprocally bound to CD147 and triggered MAPK pathway. Consequently, the MAPK pathway regulated the expression of cytokines and chemokines, which promoted the development of cytokine storm. Importantly, Meplazumab could effectively inhibit viral entry and inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Therefore, our findings provided a new perspective for severe COVID-19-related pathogenesis. Furthermore, the validated universal receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants can be targeted for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejie Geng
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ke Wang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Youchun Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Institute of Laboratory Animals Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Guizhen Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ruo Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ding Wei
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peng Du
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peng Lin
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yongqiang Deng
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Ke Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiangning Liu
- Institute of Laboratory Animals Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiuxuan Sun
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ting Guo
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xu Yang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jianli Jiang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ling Li
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qingguo Yan
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Institute of Laboratory Animals Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Zhaohui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jinlin Miao
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fengfan Yang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Jiangsu Pacific Meinuoke Biopharmceutical Co. Ltd, Changzhou, 213022, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Jiangsu Pacific Meinuoke Biopharmceutical Co. Ltd, Changzhou, 213022, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ying Shi
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhuo Pei
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fei Huo
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xue Liang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yatao Wang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qingyi Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yirong Li
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Mingyan Shi
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huijie Bian
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Clinical Characteristics, Care Trajectories and Mortality Rate of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194749. [PMID: 34638235 PMCID: PMC8507538 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary COVID-19 may be more frequent and more severe in cancer patients than in other individuals. Our aims were to assess the rate of COVID-19 in hospitalized cancer patients, to describe their demographic characteristics, clinical features and care trajectories, and to assess the mortality rate. A total of 1148 hospitalized patients were included. The mortality rate was 33%. In multivariate analysis, mortality-related factors were male sex, advanced age, more than two comorbidities, C-reactive protein >20 ng/mL, primary brain tumors and lung cancer. Risk of dying was lower among patients with metabolic comorbidities. Abstract Background: COVID-19 may be more frequent and more severe in cancer patients than in other individuals. Our aims were to assess the rate of COVID-19 in hospitalized cancer patients, to describe their demographic characteristics, clinical features and care trajectories, and to assess the mortality rate. Methods: This multicenter cohort study was based on the Electronic Health Records of the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP). Cancer patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 between 3 March and 19 May 2020 were included. Main outcome was all-cause mortality within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis. Results: A total of 29,141 cancer patients were identified and 7791 (27%) were tested for SARS-CoV-2. Of these, 1359 (17%) were COVID-19-positive and 1148 (84%) were hospitalized; 217 (19%) were admitted to an intensive care unit. The mortality rate was 33% (383 deaths). In multivariate analysis, mortality-related factors were male sex (aHR = 1.39 [95% CI: 1.07–1.81]), advanced age (78–86 y: aHR = 2.83 [95% CI: 1.78–4.51] vs. <66 y; 86–103 y: aHR = 2.61 [95% CI: 1.56–4.35] vs. <66 y), more than two comorbidities (aHR = 2.32 [95% CI: 1.41–3.83]) and C-reactive protein >20 ng/mL (aHR = 2.20 [95% CI: 1.70–2.86]). Primary brains tumors (aHR = 2.19 [95% CI: 1.08–4.44]) and lung cancer (aHR = 1.66 [95% CI: 1.02–2.70]) were associated with higher mortality. Risk of dying was lower among patients with metabolic comorbidities (aHR = 0.65 [95% CI: 0.50–0.84]). Conclusions: In a hospital-based setting, cancer patients with COVID-19 had a high mortality rate. This mortality was mainly driven by age, sex, number of comorbidities and presence of inflammation. This is the first cohort of cancer patients in which metabolic comorbidities were associated with a better outcome.
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172
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Jin M, Lu Z, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang J, Cai Y, Tian K, Xiong Z, Zhong Q, Ran X, Yang C, Zeng X, Wang L, Li Y, Zhang S, Dong T, Yue X, Li H, Liu B, Chen X, Cui H, Qi J, Fan H, Li H, Yang XP, Hu Z, Wang S, Xiao J, Wang Y, Tian J, Wang Z. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of fatal patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study in Wuhan, China. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:951. [PMID: 34521370 PMCID: PMC8439538 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic, resulting in considerable mortality. The risk factors, clinical treatments, especially comprehensive risk models for COVID-19 death are urgently warranted. METHODS In this retrospective study, 281 non-survivors and 712 survivors with propensity score matching by age, sex, and comorbidities were enrolled from January 13, 2020 to March 31, 2020. RESULTS Higher SOFA, qSOFA, APACHE II and SIRS scores, hypoxia, elevated inflammatory cytokines, multi-organ dysfunction, decreased immune cell subsets, and complications were significantly associated with the higher COVID-19 death risk. In addition to traditional predictors for death risk, including APACHE II (AUC = 0.83), SIRS (AUC = 0.75), SOFA (AUC = 0.70) and qSOFA scores (AUC = 0.61), another four prediction models that included immune cells subsets (AUC = 0.90), multiple organ damage biomarkers (AUC = 0.89), complications (AUC = 0.88) and inflammatory-related indexes (AUC = 0.75) were established. Additionally, the predictive accuracy of combining these risk factors (AUC = 0.950) was also significantly higher than that of each risk group alone, which was significant for early clinical management for COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS The potential risk factors could help to predict the clinical prognosis of COVID-19 patients at an early stage. The combined model might be more suitable for the death risk evaluation of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zequn Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Kunming Tian
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zezhong Xiong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Ran
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunguang Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xing Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Tianyi Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xinying Yue
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongyuan Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jirong Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haining Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Computer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Virology, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jianbo Tian
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Chifu I, Detomas M, Dischinger U, Kimpel O, Megerle F, Hahner S, Fassnacht M, Altieri B. Management of Patients With Glucocorticoid-Related Diseases and COVID-19. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:705214. [PMID: 34594302 PMCID: PMC8476969 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.705214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global health crisis affecting millions of people worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 enters the host cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) after being cleaved by the transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). In addition to the lung, gastrointestinal tract and kidney, ACE2 is also extensively expressed in endocrine tissues, including the pituitary and adrenal glands. Although glucocorticoids could play a central role as immunosuppressants during the cytokine storm, they can have both stimulating and inhibitory effects on immune response, depending on the timing of their administration and their circulating levels. Patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) or Cushing's syndrome (CS) are therefore vulnerable groups in relation to COVID-19. Additionally, patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) could also be more vulnerable to COVID-19 due to the immunosuppressive state caused by the cancer itself, by secreted glucocorticoids, and by anticancer treatments. This review comprehensively summarizes the current literature on susceptibility to and outcome of COVID-19 in AI, CS and ACC patients and emphasizes potential pathophysiological mechanisms of susceptibility to COVID-19 as well as the management of these patients in case of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, by performing an in silico analysis, we describe the mRNA expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and the genes encoding their co-receptors CTSB, CTSL and FURIN in normal adrenal and adrenocortical tumors (both adenomas and carcinomas).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Chifu
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mario Detomas
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dischinger
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Otilia Kimpel
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Megerle
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hahner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Shmueli ES, Itay A, Margalit O, Berger R, Halperin S, Jurkowicz M, Levin EG, Levy I, Olmer L, Regev-Yochay G, Lustig Y, Rahav G. Efficacy and safety of BNT162b2 vaccination in patients with solid cancer receiving anticancer therapy - a single centre prospective study. Eur J Cancer 2021; 157:124-131. [PMID: 34508994 PMCID: PMC8424105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Patients with cancer are at an increased risk for severe coronavirus disease of 2019, thus data on the safety and efficacy of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are essential. We conducted this prospective study of patients with cancer vaccinated with BNT162b2 and monitored for antibody response and safety. The aim was to evaluate the rate of seropositivity and define predictors for non-reactive immune response. Furthermore, we evaluated the frequency and the severity of adverse events. METHODS The study included patients with solid tumours undergoing anticancer treatment and immunocompetent health-care workers serving as controls. Serum titres of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralising antibodies were measured 2-4 weeks after each vaccine dose. RESULTS The analysis included 129 patients, of which 70.5% patients were metastatic. Patients were treated with chemotherapy (55%), immunotherapy (34.1%), biological agents (24.8%), hormonal treatment (8.5%) and radiotherapy (4.6%), that were given either alone or in combinations. The seropositivity rate among patients with cancer and controls was 32.4% versus 59.8% (p < 0.0001) after the first dose and 84.1% versus 98.9% (p < 0.0001) after the second dose, respectively. Median RBD-IgG titre was lower among patients than controls (p < 0.0001). Patients who were seronegative after the second dose had significantly more comorbidities than that with patients with seropositivity (77.8% vs 41.1%, respectively, p = 0.0042). CONCLUSION Adequate antibody response after BNT162b2 vaccination was achieved after two doses but not after one dose, in patients with cancer vaccinated during anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat S Shmueli
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel.
| | - Amit Itay
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Ofer Margalit
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Raanan Berger
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Sharon Halperin
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Menucha Jurkowicz
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Einav G Levin
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel; The Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Itzchak Levy
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel; The Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Liraz Olmer
- Bio-statistical and Bio-mathematical Unit, The Gertner Institute of Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Gili Regev-Yochay
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel; The Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yaniv Lustig
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel; The Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Galia Rahav
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv Israel; The Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
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175
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Song WM, Zhao JY, Zhang QY, Liu SQ, Zhu XH, An QQ, Xu TT, Li SJ, Liu JY, Tao NN, Liu Y, Li YF, Li HC. COVID-19 and Tuberculosis Coinfection: An Overview of Case Reports/Case Series and Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:657006. [PMID: 34504847 PMCID: PMC8421570 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.657006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) are two major infectious diseases posing significant public health threats, and their coinfection (aptly abbreviated COVID-TB) makes the situation worse. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and prognosis of COVID-TB cases. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched for relevant studies published through December 18, 2020. An overview of COVID-TB case reports/case series was prepared that described their clinical characteristics and differences between survivors and deceased patients. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death or severe COVID-19 were calculated. The quality of outcomes was assessed using GRADEpro. Results: Thirty-six studies were included. Of 89 COVID-TB patients, 19 (23.46%) died, and 72 (80.90%) were male. The median age of non-survivors (53.95 ± 19.78 years) was greater than that of survivors (37.76 ± 15.54 years) (p < 0.001). Non-survivors were more likely to have hypertension (47.06 vs. 17.95%) or symptoms of dyspnea (72.73% vs. 30%) or bilateral lesions (73.68 vs. 47.14%), infiltrates (57.89 vs. 24.29%), tree in bud (10.53% vs. 0%), or a higher leucocyte count (12.9 [10.5–16.73] vs. 8.015 [4.8–8.97] × 109/L) than survivors (p < 0.05). In terms of treatment, 88.52% received anti-TB therapy, 50.82% received antibiotics, 22.95% received antiviral therapy, 26.23% received hydroxychloroquine, and 11.48% received corticosteroids. The pooled ORs of death or severe disease in the COVID-TB group and the non-TB group were 2.21 (95% CI: 1.80, 2.70) and 2.77 (95% CI: 1.33, 5.74) (P < 0.01), respectively. Conclusion: In summary, there appear to be some predictors of worse prognosis among COVID-TB cases. A moderate level of evidence suggests that COVID-TB patients are more likely to suffer severe disease or death than COVID-19 patients. Finally, routine screening for TB may be recommended among suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19 in countries with high TB burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Mei Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing-Yu Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, People Hospital of Dongying District, Dongying, China
| | - Qian-Yun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Qi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue-Han Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qi-Qi An
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shi-Jin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Yue Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ning-Ning Tao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Geriatrics, People Hospital of Dongying District, Dongying, China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Huai-Chen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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176
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Metzger K, Mrosek J, Zittel S, Pilz M, Held T, Adeberg S, Ristow O, Hoffmann J, Engel M, Freudlsperger C, Moratin J. Treatment delay and tumor size in patients with oral cancer during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Head Neck 2021; 43:3493-3497. [PMID: 34494330 PMCID: PMC8652728 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We set out to investigate how the ongoing coronavirus pandemic affected the size of tumors and the duration of treatment delay in patients with surgically treated oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Patients with surgically treated oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma were assessed retrospectively and divided into two groups depending on when they had first presented at our clinic. Patients presenting from 2010 to 2019, that is, before COVID‐19 onset (n = 566) were compared to patients presenting in 2020 (n = 58). Results A total of 624 patients were included. Treatment delay was significantly longer in 2020 (median = 45 days) versus 2010–2019 (median = 35 days) (p = 0.004). We observed a higher pathological T classification in 2020 (p = 0.046), whereas pathological N classification was unchanged between groups (p = 0.843). Conclusions While extraordinary efforts continue to be made in the context of the pandemic, it is imperative that this does not lead to significant disadvantages for many people with oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Metzger
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Mrosek
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Zittel
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Pilz
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Held
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Adeberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Ristow
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hoffmann
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Engel
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Freudlsperger
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julius Moratin
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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177
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Changes in gynecologic and breast cancer diagnoses during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis from a tertiary academic gyneco-oncological center in Germany. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 305:713-718. [PMID: 34491417 PMCID: PMC8422832 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose With the beginning of 2021, the world has been suffering from the COVID-19 pandemic for more than 1 year. More and more, we are able to evaluate side effects of the pandemic in the healthcare sector. A negative impact on cancer diagnoses is one of them. Careful observation of trends in an academic gyneco-oncological context appears important to identify potential negative developments. Methods We analyzed the case number of gynecologic and breast cancer diagnoses in the period from January to June 2020 compared to 2019 and during the period of the first general German lockdown (March 22nd until May 5th 2020). Patients were characterized by age, tumor type, FIGO or TNM stage and presence of symptoms at initial hospital presentation. Results The frequency of newly diagnosed gynecologic and breast cancer cases from beginning of January until end of June changed by − 10% and by − 12% during the lockdown in 2020 compared to 2019. In both periods, reduction of breast cancer cases was relatively larger than decrease of gynecologic cancers. Moreover, median patient age decreased. For the first half of 2020, we found a shift towards higher tumor stages (N+/M1 or FIGO III–IV). During the lockdown period, the appearance of tumor-associated symptoms at diagnosis increased by about 12%. Conclusion This analysis illustrates the anticipated general decrease in diagnoses of primary cancers during the lockdown periods in 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic for gynecologic and breast cancer cases.
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178
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Nutrition and Micronutrients in Cancer Patients Positive for COVID-19. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.979515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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179
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Su Z, Cheshmehzangi A, McDonnell D, Šegalo S, Ahmad J, Bennett B. Gender inequality and health disparity amid COVID-19. Nurs Outlook 2021; 70:89-95. [PMID: 34774306 PMCID: PMC8410638 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gender inequalities could lead to grave human and economic consequences, especially amid global health crises of the coronavirus 2019's (COVID-19) scale. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated gender inequalities women face and introduced new challenges that are unprecedented to society at large. Adverse effects of COVID-19, compounded by unintended consequences caused by public health policies such as lockdowns (e.g., delayed or canceled health services), have forced women to face issues ranging from COVID-19 infections and deaths, prolonged unemployment, to unparalleled scale and severity of domestic violence. However, though women face a canopy of debilitating challenges, there is a shortage of research that examines health solutions that can mitigate, if not offset, challenges women experience amid COVID-19. In this paper, we aim to shed light on why timely solutions are needed to mitigate gender inequalities and health disparities women face amid COVID-19 promptly. Furthermore, we underscore the imperative for cost-effective interventions that could shed light on the current health crisis and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Su
- Center on Smart and Connected Health Technologies, Mays Cancer Center, School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.
| | - Ali Cheshmehzangi
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment; Professor of Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability (NERPS), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
| | - Dean McDonnell
- Department of Humanities, Institute of Technology Carlow, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Sabina Šegalo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina
| | - Junaid Ahmad
- Prime Institute of Public Health, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Bindi Bennett
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
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180
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Gounant V, Brosseau S, Soussi G, Pluvy J, Guezzour N, Vauchier C, Brouk Z, Namour C, Zalcman G. Patients avec cancers thoraciques et COVID-19 : au cœur de la tempête. REVUE DES MALADIES RESPIRATOIRES ACTUALITES 2021; 13:2S280-2S291. [PMID: 34659597 PMCID: PMC8504965 DOI: 10.1016/s1877-1203(21)00121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A meta-analysis of the Chinese studies in April 2020, including 3600 patients with cancer and COVID-19, first reported an increase of the COVID-19 risk and the case-fatality in these patients. Then, North-American and European series confirmed the increased COVID-19 risk for patients with cancer, as the increased risk of severe COVID-19 and death, when compared with general population, adjusting for age. Patients with lung cancer have the highest risk of severe respiratory forms, and the highest risk of SARS-CoV2-induced death (25 to 30%), after patients with hematological cancers. Metastatic patients, with poor PS, and those having received a cytotoxic chemotherapy within the weeks preceding SARSCoV2 infection, are those with the highest risk of death. Conversely, being treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors would not favor the cytokine storm, which makes the severity of COVID-19. SARS-CoV2 pandemic, beyond having needed the generalization of drastic social distancing measures in hospitals, also needed organizational changes, to allow healthcare continuity for cancer patients. Adaptation of therapeutic protocols was needed, with increased intervals between cycles, the choice of less toxic protocols, the systematic use of hematological growth factors, and teleconsultations follow-up. Lastly, mRNA-based SARS-CoV2 vaccines are efficient in patients with thoracic cancer, provided the interval of 21/28 days between the two injections is maintained, since protective immunization seems delayed, especially after cytotoxic chemotherapy. Only 13% of patients with very low protective antibodies titers would need a third booster injection, with a clear rise in protective antibodies titers induced by such a third injection.© 2021 SPLF. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Gounant
- Université de Paris, Service d’Oncologie thoracique-CIC INSERM 1425, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Paris-Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, Paris, France
| | - S. Brosseau
- Université de Paris, Service d’Oncologie thoracique-CIC INSERM 1425, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Paris-Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, Paris, France
- U830 INSERM Cancer Hétérogénéité et Plasticité, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, Paris, France
| | - G. Soussi
- Université de Paris, Service d’Oncologie thoracique-CIC INSERM 1425, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Paris-Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, Paris, France
| | - J. Pluvy
- Université de Paris, Service d’Oncologie thoracique-CIC INSERM 1425, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Paris-Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, Paris, France
- Service de Cancérologie Multidisplinaire et innovations thérapeutiques, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
| | - N. Guezzour
- Université de Paris, Service d’Oncologie thoracique-CIC INSERM 1425, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Paris-Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, Paris, France
| | - C. Vauchier
- U830 INSERM Cancer Hétérogénéité et Plasticité, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, Paris, France
| | - Z. Brouk
- Université de Paris, Service d’Oncologie thoracique-CIC INSERM 1425, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Paris-Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, Paris, France
| | - C. Namour
- Université de Paris, Service d’Oncologie thoracique-CIC INSERM 1425, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Paris-Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, Paris, France
| | - G. Zalcman
- Université de Paris, Service d’Oncologie thoracique-CIC INSERM 1425, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Paris-Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, Paris, France
- U830 INSERM Cancer Hétérogénéité et Plasticité, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, Paris, France
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181
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Deguchi A, Yamamoto T, Shibata N, Maru Y. S100A8 may govern hyper-inflammation in severe COVID-19. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21798. [PMID: 34339064 PMCID: PMC8441709 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic threatens human species with mortality rate of roughly 2%. We can hardly predict the time of herd immunity against and end of COVID-19 with or without success of vaccine. One way to overcome the situation is to define what delineates disease severity and serves as a molecular target. The most successful analogy is found in BCR-ABL in chronic myeloid leukemia, which is the golden biomarker, and simultaneously, the most effective molecular target. We hypothesize that S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) is one such molecule. The underlying evidence includes accumulating clinical information that S100A8 is upregulated in severe forms of COVID-19, pathological similarities of the affected lungs between COVID-19 and S100A8-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model, homeostatic inflammation theory in which S100A8 is an endogenous ligand for endotoxin sensor Toll-like receptor 4/Myeloid differentiation protein-2 (TLR4/MD-2) and mediates hyper-inflammation even after elimination of endotoxin-producing extrinsic pathogens, analogous findings between COVID-19-associated ARDS and pre-metastatic lungs such as S100A8 upregulation, pulmonary recruitment of myeloid cells, increased vascular permeability, and activation coagulation cascade. A successful treatment in an animal COVID-19 model is given with a reagent capable of abrogating interaction between S100A8/S100A9 and TLR4. In this paper, we try to verify our hypothesis that S100A8 governs COVID-19-associated ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Deguchi
- Department of PharmacologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tomoko Yamamoto
- Division of Pathological NeuroscienceDepartment of PathologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Noriyuki Shibata
- Division of Pathological NeuroscienceDepartment of PathologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshiro Maru
- Department of PharmacologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
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182
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Kifle ZD. Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for COVID-19: A review. Metabol Open 2021; 11:100116. [PMID: 34345815 PMCID: PMC8318668 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is first detected in December 2019 in Wuhan, China which is a new pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2 that has greatly affected the whole world. Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors are drugs that are used for the management of cancer, and are being repurposed for COVID-19. BTK regulates macrophage and B cell activation, development, survival, and signaling. Inhibition of BTK has revealed an ameliorative effect on lung injury in patients with severe COVID-19. Thus, this review aimed to summarize evidence regarding the role of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors against COVID-19. To include findings from diverse studies, publications related to BTK inhibitors and Covid-19 were searched from the databases such as SCOPUS, Web of Science, Medline, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Elsevier, using English key terms. Both experimental and clinical studies suggest that targeting excessive host inflammation with a BTK inhibitor is a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. Currently, BTK inhibitors such as ibrutinib and acalabrutinib have shown a protective effect against pulmonary injury in a small series group of COVID-19 infected patients. Small molecule inhibitors like BTK inhibitors, targeting a wide range of pro-inflammatory singling pathways, may a key role in the management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemene Demelash Kifle
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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183
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Peng A, Tang Y, He S, Ji S, Dong B, Chen L. Association between loneliness, sleep behavior and quality: a propensity-score-matched case-control study. Sleep Med 2021; 86:19-24. [PMID: 34454179 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of loneliness on sleep behavior and sleep quality based on propensity score-matched samples in Southwest China. METHODS Individual-level data were obtained from a Southwest China cohort study. Participants who felt lonely were matched with those who did not with propensity scores on the basis of age, gender, socioeconomic factors, physical exercise and social connection level. Sleep behavior (onset and offset timing), sleep quality (sleep latency, nocturnal awakenings and subjective sleep quality), and daytime function (daytime sleepiness and fatigue) were assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Index Scale (PSQI) and compared between the two groups. The data were collected between May 2019 and December 2019, and data analyses were completed in April 2021. RESULTS A total of 11,696 participants were included, and 824 out of 839 participants who felt loneliness were statistically matched with 824 participants who did not. Analyses of the matched samples showed that sleep onset and offset timing were similar between those who felt lonely and those who did not (p = 0.110 and p = 0.751, respectively). Sleep latency was longer in those who felt lonely (26.84 [0.9] vs. 35.52 [1.2] min, p < 0.001) than in those who did not. Furthermore, participants who felt lonely tended to have poor subjective sleep, a higher frequency of nocturnal awakenings, daytime sleepiness and fatigue (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Loneliness was associated with extended sleep latency, increased nocturnal awakenings, and reduced subjective sleep quality and daytime function but was not associated with sleep behavior, including sleep onset and offset timings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjiao Peng
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yusha Tang
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shixu He
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shuming Ji
- Department of Project Design and Statistics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Bosi Dong
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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184
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Pomej K, Scheiner B, Hartl L, Balcar L, Meischl T, Mandorfer M, Reiberger T, Müller C, Trauner M, Pinter M. COVID-19 pandemic: Impact on the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at a tertiary care hospital. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256544. [PMID: 34437610 PMCID: PMC8389415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represent a vulnerable population potentially negatively affected by COVID-19-associated reallocation of healthcare resources. Here, we report the impact of COVID-19 on the management of HCC patients in a large tertiary care hospital. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of HCC patients who presented at the Vienna General Hospital, between 01/DEC/2019 and 30/JUN/2020. We compared patient care before (period 1) and after (period 2) implementation of COVID-19-associated healthcare restrictions on 16/MAR/2020. RESULTS Of 126 patients, majority was male (n = 104, 83%) with a mean age of 66±11 years. Half of patients (n = 57, 45%) had impaired liver function (Child-Pugh stage B/C) and 91 (72%) had intermediate-advanced stage HCC (BCLC B-D). New treatment, was initiated in 68 (54%) patients. Number of new HCC diagnoses did not differ between the two periods (n = 14 vs. 14). While personal visits were reduced, an increase in teleconsultation was observed (period 2). Number of patients with visit delays (n = 31 (30%) vs. n = 10 (10%); p = 0.001) and imaging delays (n = 25 (25%) vs. n = 7 (7%); p = 0.001) was higher in period 2. Accordingly, a reduced number of patients was discussed in interdisciplinary tumor boards (lowest number in April (n = 24), compared to a median number of 57 patients during period 1). Median number of elective/non-elective admissions was not different between the periods. One patient contracted COVID-19 with lethal outcome. CONCLUSIONS Changes in patient care included reduced personal contacts but increased telephone visits, and delays in diagnostic procedures. The effects on long-term outcome need to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Pomej
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Liver Cancer (HCC) Study Group Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Scheiner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Liver Cancer (HCC) Study Group Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Centre of the ERN RARE-LIVER, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Hartl
- Liver Cancer (HCC) Study Group Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz Balcar
- Liver Cancer (HCC) Study Group Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Meischl
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Liver Cancer (HCC) Study Group Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mattias Mandorfer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Centre of the ERN RARE-LIVER, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Reiberger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Centre of the ERN RARE-LIVER, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Portal Hypertension and Liver Fibrosis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Müller
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Liver Cancer (HCC) Study Group Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Centre of the ERN RARE-LIVER, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Pinter
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Liver Cancer (HCC) Study Group Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Rare Liver Disease (RALID) Centre of the ERN RARE-LIVER, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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185
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Chen L, Chen J, Wu Y, Zhong J, Zhou F, Liu Y, Xu A, Li J, Cai H. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Hypertensive Patients Infected with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:4619-4628. [PMID: 34429644 PMCID: PMC8380129 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s324077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension has been reported as the most prevalent comorbidity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This retrospective study aims to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes in COVID-19 patients with or without hypertension. Methods A total of 944 hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included from January to March 2020. Information from the medical record, including clinical features, radiographic and laboratory results, complications, treatments, and clinical outcomes, were extracted for the analysis. Results A total of 311 (32.94%) patients had comorbidity with hypertension. In COVID-19 patients with hypertension, the coexistence of type 2 diabetes (56.06% vs 43.94%), coronary heart disease (65.71% vs 34.29%), poststroke syndrome (68.75% vs 31.25%) and chronic kidney diseases (77.78% vs 22.22%) was significantly higher, while the coexistence of hepatitis B infection (13.04% vs 86.96%) was significantly lower than in COVID-19 patients without hypertension. Computed tomography (CT) chest scans show that COVID-19 patients with hypertension have higher rates of pleural effusion than those without hypertension (56.60% vs 43.40%). In addition, the levels of blood glucose [5.80 (IQR, 5.05–7.50) vs 5.39 (IQR, 4.81–6.60)], erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [28 (IQR, 17.1–55.6) vs 21.8 (IQR, 11.5–44.1), P=0.008], C-reactive protein (CRP) [17.92 (IQR, 3.11–46.6) vs 3.15 (IQR, 3.11–23.4), P=0.013] and serum amyloid A (SAA) [99.28 (IQR, 8.85–300) vs 15.97 (IQR, 5.97–236.1), P=0.005] in COVID-19 patients with hypertension were significantly higher than in patients without hypertension. Conclusion It is common for patients with COVID-19 to have the coexistence of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease and so on, which may exacerbate the severity of COVID-19. Therefore, optimal management of hypertension and other comorbidities is essential for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiankun Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwan Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyao Zhong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuzhen Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiting Xu
- The People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiqiang Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayang Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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186
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Meng Z, Guo S, Zhou Y, Li M, Wang M, Ying B. Applications of laboratory findings in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of COVID-19. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:316. [PMID: 34433805 PMCID: PMC8386162 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents us with a serious public health crisis. To combat the virus and slow its spread, wider testing is essential. There is a need for more sensitive, specific, and convenient detection methods of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Advanced detection can greatly improve the ability and accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19, which is conducive to the early suitable treatment and supports precise prophylaxis. In this article, we combine and present the latest laboratory diagnostic technologies and methods for SARS-CoV-2 to identify the technical characteristics, considerations, biosafety requirements, common problems with testing and interpretation of results, and coping strategies of commonly used testing methods. We highlight the gaps in current diagnostic capacity and propose potential solutions to provide cutting-edge technical support to achieve a more precise diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19 and to overcome the difficulties with the normalization of epidemic prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuo Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mengjiao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Minjin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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187
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Liu T, Wu D, Yan W, Wang X, Zhang X, Ma K, Chen H, Zeng Z, Qin Y, Wang H, Xing M, Xu D, Li W, Ni M, Zhu L, Chen L, Chen G, Qi W, Wu T, Yu H, Huang J, Han M, Zhu W, Guo W, Luo X, Chen T, Ning Q. Twelve-month systemic consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a prospective cohort study in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 74:1953-1965. [PMID: 34390330 PMCID: PMC9187317 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Follow-up study of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors has rarely been reported. We aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in the characteristics of COVID-19 survivors after discharge. Methods A total of 594 COVID-19 survivors discharged from Tongji Hospital in Wuhan from February 10 to April 30, 2020 were included and followed up until May 17, 2021. Laboratory and radiological findings, pulmonary function tests, electrocardiogram, symptoms and signs were analyzed. Results 257 (51.2%) patients had at least one symptom at 3 months post-discharge, which decreased to 169 (40.0%) and 138 (28.4%) at 6-month and 12-month visit respectively. During follow-up period, insomnia, chest tightness, and fatigue were the most prevalent symptoms. Most laboratory parameters returned to normal, whereas increased incidence of abnormal liver and renal function and cardiovascular injury was evidenced after discharge. Fibrous stripes (213; 42.4%), pleural thickening and adhesions (188; 37.5%) and enlarged lymph nodes (120; 23.9%) were the most common radiographical findings at 3 months post-discharge. The abnormalities of pulmonary function included obstructive, restrictive, and mixed, which were 5.5%, 4.0%, 0.9% at 6 months post, and 1.9%, 4.7%, 0.2% at 12 months. Electrocardiogram abnormalities occurred in 256 (51.0%) patients at 3 months post-discharge, including arrhythmia, ST-T change and conduction block, which increased to 258 (61.1%) cases at 6-month visit and were maintained at high frequency (242;49.8%) at 12-month visit. Conclusions Physiological, laboratory, radiological, or electrocardiogram abnormalities, particularly those related to renal, cardiovascular, and liver functions are common in patients who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) up to 12 months post-discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiming Yan
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Ma
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huilong Chen
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilin Zeng
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyou Xing
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Xu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weina Li
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Ni
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Chen
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weipeng Qi
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Wu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haijing Yu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meifang Han
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Luo
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Chen
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Ning
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Wuhan, China.,Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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188
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Wang J, Lu Z, Jin M, Wang Y, Tian K, Xiao J, Cai Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Chen T, Yao Z, Yang C, Deng R, Zhong Q, Deng X, Chen X, Yang XP, Wei G, Wang Z, Tian J, Chen XP. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19 patients with chronic hepatitis B: a multi-center retrospective cohort study. Front Med 2021; 16:111-125. [PMID: 34387851 PMCID: PMC8362646 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0854-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally. Although mixed liver impairment has been reported in COVID-19 patients, the association of liver injury caused by specific subtype especially chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with COVID-19 has not been elucidated. In this multi-center, retrospective, and observational cohort study, 109 CHB and 327 non-CHB patients with COVID-19 were propensity score matched at an approximate ratio of 3:1 on the basis of age, sex, and comorbidities. Demographic characteristics, laboratory examinations, disease severity, and clinical outcomes were compared. Furthermore, univariable and multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were used to explore the risk factors for disease severity and mortality, respectively. A higher proportion of CHB patients (30 of 109 (27.52%)) developed into severe status than non-CHB patients (17 of 327 (5.20%)). In addition to previously reported liver impairment markers, such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin, we identified several novel risk factors including elevated lactate dehydrogenase (⩾ 245 U/L, hazard ratio (HR) = 8.639, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.528–29.523; P < 0.001) and coagulation-related biomarker D-dimer (⩾ 0.5 µg/mL, HR = 4.321, 95% CI = 1.443–12.939; P = 0.009) and decreased albumin (< 35 g/L, HR = 0.131, 95% CI = 0.048–0.361; P < 0.001) and albumin/globulin ratio (< 1.5, HR = 0.123, 95% CI = 0.017–0.918; P = 0.041). In conclusion, COVID-19 patients with CHB were more likely to develop into severe illness and die. The risk factors that we identified may be helpful for early clinical surveillance of critical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zequn Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Virology, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, 430024, China
| | - Kunming Tian
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,School of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Department of Respirology and Tuberculosis Specialty, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chunguang Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Renli Deng
- The Fifth Affiliated (Zhuhai) Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519199, China
| | - Qiang Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiongbo Deng
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, 430048, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gonghong Wei
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Jianbo Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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189
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Yang Q, Li J, Zhang Z, Wu X, Liao T, Yu S, You Z, Hou X, Ye J, Liu G, Ma S, Xie G, Zhou Y, Li M, Wu M, Feng Y, Wang W, Li L, Xie D, Hu Y, Liu X, Wang B, Zhao S, Li L, Luo C, Tang T, Wu H, Hu T, Yang G, Luo B, Li L, Yang X, Li Q, Xu Z, Wu H, Sun J. Clinical characteristics and a decision tree model to predict death outcome in severe COVID-19 patients. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:783. [PMID: 34372767 PMCID: PMC8351764 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06478-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads rapidly among people and causes a pandemic. It is of great clinical significance to identify COVID-19 patients with high risk of death. Methods A total of 2169 adult COVID-19 patients were enrolled from Wuhan, China, from February 10th to April 15th, 2020. Difference analyses of medical records were performed between severe and non-severe groups, as well as between survivors and non-survivors. In addition, we developed a decision tree model to predict death outcome in severe patients. Results Of the 2169 COVID-19 patients, the median age was 61 years and male patients accounted for 48%. A total of 646 patients were diagnosed as severe illness, and 75 patients died. An older median age and a higher proportion of male patients were found in severe group or non-survivors compared to their counterparts. Significant differences in clinical characteristics and laboratory examinations were found between severe and non-severe groups, as well as between survivors and non-survivors. A decision tree, including three biomarkers, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein and lactic dehydrogenase, was developed to predict death outcome in severe patients. This model performed well both in training and test datasets. The accuracy of this model were 0.98 in both datasets. Conclusion We performed a comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 patients from the outbreak in Wuhan, China, and proposed a simple and clinically operable decision tree to help clinicians rapidly identify COVID-19 patients at high risk of death, to whom priority treatment and intensive care should be given. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06478-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The 941st Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Xining, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixi Li
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijia Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocheng Wu
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongquan Liao
- Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaichun You
- Department of General Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhua Hou
- Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center, Chinese PLA Respiratory Disease Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganfeng Xie
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Cancer Center, Army Medical Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihui Wu
- Nursing Department, Army Medical Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimei Feng
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lufeng Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjing Xie
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The 958th Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center, Chinese PLA Respiratory Disease Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Songtao Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Army Medical Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tang Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center, Chinese PLA Respiratory Disease Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Hu
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangrong Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangyu Luo
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingchen Li
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center, Chinese PLA Respiratory Disease Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi Xu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center, Chinese PLA Respiratory Disease Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianguo Sun
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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190
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Zhu J, Wei Z, Suryavanshi M, Chen X, Xia Q, Jiang J, Ayodele O, Bradbury BD, Brooks C, Brown CA, Cheng A, Critchlow CW, Devercelli G, Gandhi V, Gondek K, Londhe AA, Ma J, Jonsson-Funk M, Keenan HA, Manne S, Ren K, Sanders L, Yu P, Zhang J, Zhou L, Bao Y. Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in a Global Health Research Network: a cohort study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051588. [PMID: 34362806 PMCID: PMC8350974 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine age, gender, and temporal differences in baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of adult patients hospitalised with COVID-19. DESIGN A cohort study using deidentified electronic medical records from a Global Research Network. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS 67 456 adult patients hospitalised with COVID-19 from the USA; 7306 from Europe, Latin America and Asia-Pacific between February 2020 and January 2021. RESULTS In the US cohort, compared with patients 18-34 years old, patients ≥65 had a greater risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (adjusted HR (aHR) 1.73, 95% CI 1.58 to 1.90), acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)/respiratory failure (aHR 1.86, 95% CI 1.76 to 1.96), invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV, aHR 1.93, 95% CI, 1.73 to 2.15), and all-cause mortality (aHR 5.6, 95% CI 4.36 to 7.18). Men appeared to be at a greater risk for ICU admission (aHR 1.34, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.39), ARDS/respiratory failure (aHR 1.24, 95% CI1.21 to 1.27), IMV (aHR 1.38, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.45), and all-cause mortality (aHR 1.16, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.24) compared with women. Moreover, we observed a greater risk of adverse outcomes during the early pandemic (ie, February-April 2020) compared with later periods. In the ex-US cohort, the age and gender trends were similar; for the temporal trend, the highest proportion of patients with all-cause mortality were also in February-April 2020; however, the highest percentages of patients with IMV and ARDS/respiratory failure were in August-October 2020 followed by February-April 2020. CONCLUSIONS This study provided valuable information on the temporal trends of characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised adult COVID-19 patients in both USA and ex-USA. It also described the population at a potentially greater risk for worse clinical outcomes by identifying the age and gender differences. Together, the information could inform the prevention and treatment strategies of COVID-19. Furthermore, it can be used to raise public awareness of COVID-19's impact on vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zhu
- Center for Observational Research and Data Science, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Zhongyuan Wei
- Center for Observational Research and Data Science, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Manasi Suryavanshi
- Center for Observational Research and Data Science, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Xiu Chen
- Center for Observational Research and Data Science, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Qian Xia
- Center for Observational Research and Data Science, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jenny Jiang
- Center for Observational Research and Data Science, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Olulade Ayodele
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian D Bradbury
- Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Corinne Brooks
- Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Carolyn A Brown
- Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Alvan Cheng
- Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Cathy W Critchlow
- Research & Development Strategy & Operations, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Giovanna Devercelli
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivek Gandhi
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen Gondek
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ajit A Londhe
- Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Junjie Ma
- Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Michele Jonsson-Funk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hillary A Keenan
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sudhakar Manne
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kaili Ren
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lynn Sanders
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Yu
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Linyun Zhou
- Data Sciences Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ying Bao
- Center for Observational Research and Data Science, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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191
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Huang Y, Rivero-Hinojosa S, Ma Y, Yang F, Fu D. RE: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19-Infected Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 113:1109-1110. [PMID: 34341829 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center Midtown Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samuel Rivero-Hinojosa
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yuchi Ma
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Deliang Fu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
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192
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Zhou Y, Yang Q, Ye J, Wu X, Hou X, Feng Y, Luo B, Li J, Yang G, Li L, Yang X, Wang B, Zhao S, Li L, Li Q, Xu Z, Wu H, Sun J. Clinical features and death risk factors in COVID-19 patients with cancer: a retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:760. [PMID: 34353293 PMCID: PMC8340077 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread around the world. This retrospective study aims to analyze the clinical features of COVID-19 patients with cancer and identify death outcome related risk factors. Methods From February 10th to April 15th, 2020, 103 COVID-19 patients with cancer were enrolled. Difference analyses were performed between severe and non-severe patients. A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed, including 103 COVID-19 patients with cancer and 206 matched non-cancer COVID-19 patients. Next, we identified death related risk factors and developed a nomogram for predicting the probability. Results In 103 COVID-19 patients with cancer, the main cancer categories were breast cancer, lung cancer and bladder cancer. Compared to non-severe patients, severe patients had a higher median age, and a higher proportion of smokers, diabetes, heart disease and dyspnea. In addition, most of the laboratory results between two groups were significantly different. PSM analysis found that the proportion of dyspnea was much higher in COVID-19 patients with cancer. The severity incidence in two groups were similar, while a much higher mortality was found in COVID-19 patients with cancer compared to that in COVID-19 patients without cancer (11.7% vs. 4.4%, P = 0.028). Furthermore, we found that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were related to death outcome. And a nomogram based on the factors was developed. Conclusion In COVID-19 patients with cancer, the clinical features and laboratory results between severe group and non-severe group were significantly different. NLR and CRP were the risk factors that could predict death outcome. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06495-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The 941st Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Xining, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocheng Wu
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhua Hou
- Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimei Feng
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangyu Luo
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixi Li
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangrong Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingchen Li
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Songtao Zhao
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Army Medical Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianguo Sun
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 83 Xinqiao Zhengjie Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
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193
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Safari M, Faradmal J, Bashirian S, Soltanian AR, Khazaei S, Roshanaei G. Identifying the Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with Cancer and COVID-19 in Hamadan, the West of Iran. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 53:614-622. [PMID: 34347248 PMCID: PMC8333151 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Since cancer patients are at higher risk of COVID-19, the present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of these patients and identify the affecting risk factors on their mortality. Methods The present retrospective cohort study was conducted on 66 hospitalized patients with cancer and COVID-19 in Hamadan in 2020. In the present study, demographic, clinical, and laboratory information and patients’ outcome were collected through a checklist and its impact on death was assessed. Data were analyzed in SPSS-24 software and the significance level of the tests was considered at 5%. Results The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of patients was 61.6 (13.5) years. Forty patients (60.6%) were male. Twenty and five patients (37.9%) died at the end of study. The results of logistic regression model revealed that the nausea, mechanical ventilation, admission to ICU, and length of hospital stay in the ward had a significant impact on the odds of death among cancer patients with COVID-19 (p < 0.05). Conclusion Owing to high mortality rate in cancer patients with COVID-19 and due to underlying diseases and more severe clinical symptoms than other patients with coronavirus, these patients need intensive care and specific treatments. However, screening these patients and early identifying and vaccinating of them can reduce the mortality rate in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Safari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Javad Faradmal
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Bashirian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Soltanian
- Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Roshanaei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Canter, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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194
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Stahl M, Narendra V, Jee J, Derkach A, Maloy M, Geyer MB, Mato AR, Roeker LE, Tallman MS, Shah GL, Daniyan A, Goldberg AD. Neutropenia in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients represents a powerful risk factor for COVID-19 related mortality. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:1940-1948. [PMID: 34180767 PMCID: PMC10080398 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1885664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients with hematological malignancies are at risk for poor outcomes when diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It remains unclear whether cytopenias and specific leukemia subtypes play a role in the clinical course of COVID-19 infection. Here, we report outcomes and their clinical/laboratory predictors for 65 patients with acute and chronic leukemias diagnosed with COVID-19 between 8 March 2020 and 19 May 2020 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. Most patients had CLL (38%) or AML (26%). A total of 14 (22%) patients required high flow nasal cannula or were intubated for mechanical ventilation and 11 patients (17%) died. A diagnosis of AML (OR 4.7, p=.028), active treatment within the last 3 months (OR 5.22, p=.047), neutropenia within seven days prior and up to 28 days after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis (11.75, p=.001) and ≥3 comorbidities (OR 6.55, p=.019) were associated with increased odds of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Stahl
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Varun Narendra
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin Jee
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andriy Derkach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Molly Maloy
- Department of Health Informatics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark B Geyer
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony R Mato
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lindsey E Roeker
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin S Tallman
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gunjan L Shah
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony Daniyan
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron D Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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195
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Chand AA, Lal PP, Chand KK. Remote learning and online teaching in Fiji during COVID-19: The challenges and opportunities. Int J Surg 2021; 92:106019. [PMID: 34252594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.106019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fiji is a small Pacific Island Country with a population of around 902,536 people. The current pandemic of COVID-19 is impacting the well-being, social life, and economic status of the country. Besides, the well-known health difficulties caused by this virus, education is another crucial sector that has been crippled. To prevent the local transmission of such deadly virus the common exercises used globally are lockdowns (stay-in), social distancing, and use of PPEs (facemask, hand glove, and face shield). As a result, students, and teachers at all levels of school have been obliged to quickly adapt to online learning. Therefore, in this paper, an outlook of COVID-19 and its impact on the educational system is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh A Chand
- School of Information Technology, Engineering, Mathematics and Physics (STEMP), The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
| | - Prashant P Lal
- School of Information Technology, Engineering, Mathematics and Physics (STEMP), The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - Krishneel K Chand
- College of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
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196
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Lara-Ureña N, García-Domínguez M. Relevance of BET Family Proteins in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1126. [PMID: 34439792 PMCID: PMC8391731 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent pandemic we are experiencing caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has put the world's population on the rack, with more than 191 million cases and more than 4.1 million deaths confirmed to date. This disease is caused by a new type of coronavirus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A massive proteomic analysis has revealed that one of the structural proteins of the virus, the E protein, interacts with BRD2 and BRD4 proteins of the Bromodomain and Extra Terminal domain (BET) family of proteins. BETs are essential to cell cycle progression, inflammation and immune response and have also been strongly associated with infection by different types of viruses. The fundamental role BET proteins play in transcription makes them appropriate targets for the propagation strategies of some viruses. Recognition of histone acetylation by BET bromodomains is essential for transcription control. The development of drugs mimicking acetyl groups, and thereby able to displace BET proteins from chromatin, has boosted interest on BETs as attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. The success of these drugs against a variety of diseases in cellular and animal models has been recently enlarged with promising results from SARS-CoV-2 infection studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario García-Domínguez
- Andalusian Centre for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Av. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain;
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197
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Zhang H, Han H, He T, Labbe KE. Response to Huang, Rivero-Hinojosa, Ma, et al. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 113:1111-1112. [PMID: 34341828 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Han Han
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tianhui He
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristen E Labbe
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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198
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Bsteh G, Assar H, Hegen H, Heschl B, Leutmezer F, Di Pauli F, Gradl C, Traxler G, Zulehner G, Rommer P, Wipfler P, Guger M, Enzinger C, Berger T. COVID-19 severity and mortality in multiple sclerosis are not associated with immunotherapy: Insights from a nation-wide Austrian registry. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255316. [PMID: 34314457 PMCID: PMC8315529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic challenges neurologists in counselling patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) regarding their risk by SARS-CoV-2 and in guiding disease-modifying treatment (DMT). OBJECTIVE To characterize the prevalence and outcome of COVID-19 in pwMS specifically associated with different DMT in a nationwide population-based study. METHODS We included patients aged ≥18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of MS and a diagnosis of COVID-19 established between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020. We classified COVID-19 course as either mild, severe or fatal. Impact of DMT and specifically immunosuppressants (alemtuzumab, cladribine, fingolimod, ocrelizumab or rituximab) on COVID-19 outcome was determined by multivariable models, adjusted for a-priori-risk. RESULTS Of 126 MS patients with COVID-19 (mean age 43.2 years [SD 13.4], 71% female), 86.5% had a mild course, 9.5% a severe course and 3.2% died from COVID-19. A-priori-risk significantly predicted COVID-19 severity (R2 0.814; p<0.001) and mortality (R2 0.664; p<0.001). Adjusting for this a-priori-risk, neither exposure to any DMT nor exposure to specific immunosuppressive DMT were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity (odds ratio [OR] 1.6; p = 0.667 and OR 1.9; p = 0.426) or mortality (OR 0.5; p = 0.711 and 2.1; 0.233) when compared to no DMT. CONCLUSIONS In a population-based MS cohort, COVID-19 outcome was not associated with exposure to DMT and immunosuppressive DMT when accounting for other already known risk factors. This provides reassuring evidence that COVID-19 risk can be individually anticipated in MS and-except for a very small proportion of high-risk patients-treatment decisions should be primarily focused on treating MS rather than the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Bsteh
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Hamid Assar
- Department of Neurology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Harald Hegen
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bettina Heschl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Fritz Leutmezer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Di Pauli
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christiane Gradl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Gerhard Traxler
- Department of Neurology 2, Med Campus III, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Linz, Austria
| | - Gudrun Zulehner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paulus Rommer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Wipfler
- Department of Neurology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Guger
- Department of Neurology 2, Med Campus III, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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199
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Beddok A, Chevrier M, Calugaru V, Minsat M, Dendale R, Lantz O, Servois V, Paoletti X, Crehange G. Acute and late toxicities of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and treated for cancer with radiation therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:1436-1440. [PMID: 34269644 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1956008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the risk of acute and late radiation-induced toxicity in patients with COVID-19. MATERIAL AND METHODS All the patients irradiated in Institut Curie from March to July 2020 were included if the first symptoms related to COVID-19 occurred no more than two months before the start of radiation therapy (RT) or 15 days after the end of RT. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were included in this analysis. Twenty-five patients had no co-morbidities (86.2%), including morbid obesity. The diagnosis of COVID-19 infection was based on a positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA test for 18 patients (62.1%), a positive serology test for three patients (10.3%), and/or radiologic findings for 12 patients (41.4%). Three patients with symptoms highly suggestive of COVID-19 were included, although they had negative biologic tests and did not have a chest CT scan. Median time from the diagnosis of COVID-19 to the onset of RT was 5.5 days. Modification of RT course due to COVID-19 status was observed in 15 patients, including four for whom RT was definitively stopped. Six patients needed hospitalization for hypoxemic lung disease requiring intensive care. The majority of patients did not experience severe (> grade 2) acute toxicity. After a median follow-up of 6 months (IQR, 1-9 months), none of the patients had unusual clinical or radiological late toxicities. CONCLUSION The observed acute and late toxicities were ultimately similar to those observed in a population not infected with COVID-19. These results do not prompt modification of standard RT protocols for irradiation of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Beddok
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Marion Chevrier
- Department of Statistics, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | | | - Mathieu Minsat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Rémi Dendale
- Department of Radiation Oncology. Proton Therapy Center, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
| | - Olivier Lantz
- Department of Immunotherapy, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Xavier Paoletti
- Department of Statistics, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Gilles Crehange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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de Degani GL, Duarte L, Ismael J, Martinez L, López F. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care in the public health subsector, province of Santa Fe, Argentina. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 15:1270. [PMID: 34567255 PMCID: PMC8426009 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the measures taken to lessen its impact have had side effects affecting timely care of other diseases. The aim of this paper is to quantify the impact of the pandemic on the cancer care line in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina. METHOD It is an observational cross-sectional study comparing the impact on selected variables of the pre-pandemic and intra-pandemic periods. The formula of percentage variation was used to show the differences. The positivity index was calculated and expressed as a percentage. The proportions of both periods were compared through the chi-squared test and its p-value. RESULTS Reductions were observed in all the variables under study. However, the deeper impact was evident in screening, with 56%-87% decreases in the number of procedures carried out. A 26% reduction was seen in diagnosis. Treatment was the variable with the least impact, with a 3% decrease. DISCUSSION COVID-19 as well as the measures taken to reduce its impact caused alterations in the cancer care line in the province, with clear differences according to the variable under study. Measures related to cancer screening were displaced, prioritising the care of patients already diagnosed and treated. CONCLUSION Considering the new increase in the number of COVID-19 cases, it is essential to adapt the healthcare system, and design new innovative strategies to reduce long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Lopez de Degani
- Cancer Control Agency, Ministry of Health, Bv. Pellegrini 3551, Zip Code 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Leandro Duarte
- Cancer Control Agency, Ministry of Health, Bv. Pellegrini 3551, Zip Code 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Julia Ismael
- Cancer Control Agency, Ministry of Health, Bv. Pellegrini 3551, Zip Code 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Laura Martinez
- Cancer Control Agency, Ministry of Health, Bv. Pellegrini 3551, Zip Code 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Florencia López
- Cancer Control Agency, Ministry of Health, Bv. Pellegrini 3551, Zip Code 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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