151
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Takao S, Taya M, Chiew C. Mechanical stress-induced cell death in breast cancer cells. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio043133. [PMID: 31362953 PMCID: PMC6737978 DOI: 10.1242/bio.043133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing an external mechanical stress to cancer cells seems to be an effective approach to treat cancer locally. Numbers of reports on cancer cell death subjected to mechanical stress loading are increasing, but they are more focused on apoptosis. Inducing necrosis is also important in attracting more immune cells to the cancer site via the release of danger-associated molecular patterns from cancer cells. Here we applied dynamic compression to breast cancer cells with a low frequency (0.1-30 Hz) and for a short duration (30-300 s) and they resulted in a mixed mode of apoptosis and necrosis dominant with necrotic cell death, which we call mechanical stress-induced cell death (MSICD). The necrotic cell damage of mechanically treated breast cancer cells increased in a force-dependent and time-dependent manner while a trend of frequency-independent MSICD was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Takao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Minoru Taya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cerwyn Chiew
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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152
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Nam S, Gupta VK, Lee HP, Lee JY, Wisdom KM, Varma S, Flaum EM, Davis C, West RB, Chaudhuri O. Cell cycle progression in confining microenvironments is regulated by a growth-responsive TRPV4-PI3K/Akt-p27 Kip1 signaling axis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw6171. [PMID: 31457089 PMCID: PMC6685709 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw6171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In tissues, cells reside in confining microenvironments, which may mechanically restrict the ability of a cell to double in size as it prepares to divide. How confinement affects cell cycle progression remains unclear. We show that cells progressed through the cell cycle and proliferated when cultured in hydrogels exhibiting fast stress relaxation but were mostly arrested in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle when cultured in hydrogels that exhibit slow stress relaxation. In fast-relaxing gels, activity of stretch-activated channels (SACs), including TRPV4, promotes activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, which in turn drives cytoplasmic localization of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1, thereby allowing S phase entry and proliferation. Cell growth during G1 activated the TRPV4-PI3K/Akt-p27Kip1 signaling axis, but growth is inhibited in the confining slow-relaxing hydrogels. Thus, in confining microenvironments, cells sense when growth is sufficient for division to proceed through a growth-responsive signaling axis mediated by SACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | | | - Hong-pyo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Joanna Y. Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | | | - Sushama Varma
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Ciara Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Robert B. West
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, CA, USA
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153
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Matamoro-Vidal A, Levayer R. Multiple Influences of Mechanical Forces on Cell Competition. Curr Biol 2019; 29:R762-R774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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154
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Taubenberger AV, Girardo S, Träber N, Fischer-Friedrich E, Kräter M, Wagner K, Kurth T, Richter I, Haller B, Binner M, Hahn D, Freudenberg U, Werner C, Guck J. 3D Microenvironment Stiffness Regulates Tumor Spheroid Growth and Mechanics via p21 and ROCK. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1900128. [PMID: 32648654 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of cancer cells and their microenvironment contribute to breast cancer progression. While mechanosensing has been extensively studied using 2D substrates, much less is known about it in a physiologically more relevant 3D context. Here it is demonstrated that breast cancer tumor spheroids, growing in 3D polyethylene glycol-heparin hydrogels, are sensitive to their environment stiffness. During tumor spheroid growth, compressive stresses of up to 2 kPa build up, as quantitated using elastic polymer beads as stress sensors. Atomic force microscopy reveals that tumor spheroid stiffness increases with hydrogel stiffness. Also, constituent cell stiffness increases in a Rho associated kinase (ROCK)- and F-actin-dependent manner. Increased hydrogel stiffness correlated with attenuated tumor spheroid growth, a higher proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase, and elevated levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Drug-mediated ROCK inhibition not only reverses cell stiffening upon culture in stiff hydrogels but also increases tumor spheroid growth. Taken together, a mechanism by which the growth of a tumor spheroid can be regulated via cytoskeleton rearrangements in response to its mechanoenvironment is revealed here. Thus, the findings contribute to a better understanding of how cancer cells react to compressive stress when growing under confinement in stiff environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Taubenberger
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Salvatore Girardo
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Staudtstr. 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Träber
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center, Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Fischer-Friedrich
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Kräter
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Staudtstr. 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Wagner
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurth
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Isabel Richter
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Barbara Haller
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcus Binner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center, Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominik Hahn
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center, Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center, Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center, Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- TU Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Staudtstr. 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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155
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Steuperaert M, Debbaut C, Carlier C, De Wever O, Descamps B, Vanhove C, Ceelen W, Segers P. A 3D CFD model of the interstitial fluid pressure and drug distribution in heterogeneous tumor nodules during intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Drug Deliv 2019; 26:404-415. [PMID: 30929523 PMCID: PMC6450529 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1588423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) has evolved into an established treatment modality for patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM), drug penetration into tumor nodules remains limited. Drug transport during IPC is a complex process that depends on a large number of different parameters (e.g. drug, dose, tumor size, tumor pressure, tumor vascularization). Mathematical modeling allows for a better understanding of the processes that underlie drug transport and the relative importance of the parameters influencing it. In this work, we expanded our previously developed 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of the drug mass transport in idealized tumor nodules during IP chemotherapy to include realistic tumor geometries and spatially varying vascular properties. DCE-MRI imaging made it possible to distinguish between tumorous tissues, healthy surrounding tissues and necrotic zones based on differences in the vascular properties. We found that the resulting interstitial pressure profiles within tumors were highly dependent on the irregular geometries and different zones. The tumor-specific cisplatin penetration depths ranged from 0.32 mm to 0.50 mm. In this work, we found that the positive relationship between tumor size and IFP does not longer hold in the presence of zones with different vascular properties, while we did observe a positive relationship between the percentage of viable tumor tissue and the maximal IFP. Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating both the irregular tumor geometries and different vascular zones in CFD models of IPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Steuperaert
- a Biofluid, Tissue and Solid Mechanics for Medical Applications (bioMMeda), Department of Electronics and Information Systems , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Charlotte Debbaut
- a Biofluid, Tissue and Solid Mechanics for Medical Applications (bioMMeda), Department of Electronics and Information Systems , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Charlotte Carlier
- b Departement of GI Surgery and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG) , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Olivier De Wever
- c Department of Human Structure and Repair , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Benedicte Descamps
- d Infinity (iMinds-IBiTech-MEDISIP), Department of Electronics and Information Systems , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Christian Vanhove
- d Infinity (iMinds-IBiTech-MEDISIP), Department of Electronics and Information Systems , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Wim Ceelen
- b Departement of GI Surgery and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG) , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Patrick Segers
- a Biofluid, Tissue and Solid Mechanics for Medical Applications (bioMMeda), Department of Electronics and Information Systems , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
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156
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Hormuth DA, Jarrett AM, Feng X, Yankeelov TE. Calibrating a Predictive Model of Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis with Quantitative MRI. Ann Biomed Eng 2019; 47:1539-1551. [PMID: 30963385 PMCID: PMC6544501 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-019-02262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal variations in tumor vasculature inevitably alters cell proliferation and treatment efficacy. Thus, rigorous characterization of tumor dynamics must include a description of this phenomenon. We have developed a family of biophysical models of tumor growth and angiogenesis that are calibrated with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE-) MRI data to provide individualized tumor growth forecasts. Tumor and blood volume fractions were evolved using two, coupled partial differential equations consisting of proliferation, diffusion, and death terms. To evaluate these models, rats (n = 8) with C6 gliomas were imaged seven times. The tumor volume fraction was estimated using DW-MRI, while DCE-MRI provided estimates of the blood volume fraction. The first three time points were used to calibrate model parameters, which were then used to predict growth at the remaining four time points and compared directly to the measurements. The best performing model predicted tumor growth with less than 10.3% error in tumor volume and with less than 9.4% error at the voxel-level at all prediction time points. The best performing model resulted in less than 9.3% error in blood volume at the voxel-level. This pre-clinical study demonstrates the potential for image-based, mechanistic modeling of tumor growth and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hormuth
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 E. 24th Street, POB 4.102, 1 University Station (C0200), Austin, TX, 78712-1229, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Angela M Jarrett
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 E. 24th Street, POB 4.102, 1 University Station (C0200), Austin, TX, 78712-1229, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Xinzeng Feng
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 E. 24th Street, POB 4.102, 1 University Station (C0200), Austin, TX, 78712-1229, USA
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 E. 24th Street, POB 4.102, 1 University Station (C0200), Austin, TX, 78712-1229, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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157
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Fang N, Wu Z, Wang X, Cao N, Lin Y, Li L, Chen Y, Cai S, Tu H, Kang D, Chen J. Rapid, label-free detection of intracranial germinoma using multiphoton microscopy. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:035014. [PMID: 31572743 PMCID: PMC6764721 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.3.035014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Accurate histopathological diagnosis is essential for facilitating the optimal surgical management of intracranial germinoma. Current intraoperative histological methods are time- and labor-intensive and often produce artifacts. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is a label-free imaging technique that can produce intraoperative histological images of fresh, unprocessed surgical specimens. We employ an MPM based on second-harmonic generation and two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy to image fresh, unfixed, and unstained human germinoma specimens. We show that label-free MPM is not only capable of identifying various cells in human germinoma tissue but also capable of revealing the characteristics of germinoma such as granuloma, stromal fibrosis, calcification, as well as the abnormal and uneven structures of blood vessels. In conjunction with custom-developed image-processing algorithms, MPM can further quantify and characterize the extent of stromal fibrosis and calcification. Our results provide insight into how MPM can deliver rapid diagnostic histological data that could inform the surgical management of intracranial germinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Fang
- Fujian Normal University, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zanyi Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xingfu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Pathology Fuzhou, China
| | - Ning Cao
- Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxiang Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lianhuang Li
- Fujian Normal University, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Pathology Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Pathology Quanzhou, China
| | - Haohua Tu
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Dezhi Kang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Fujian Normal University, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fuzhou, China
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158
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Costa J, Ahluwalia A. Advances and Current Challenges in Intestinal in vitro Model Engineering: A Digest. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:144. [PMID: 31275931 PMCID: PMC6591368 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological environment of the intestine is characterized by its variegated composition, numerous functions and unique dynamic conditions, making it challenging to recreate the organ in vitro. This review outlines the requirements for engineering physiologically relevant intestinal in vitro models, mainly focusing on the importance of the mechano-structural cues that are often neglected in classic cell culture systems. More precisely: the topography, motility and flow present in the intestinal epithelium. After defining quantitative descriptors for these features, we describe the current state of the art, citing relevant approaches used to address one (or more) of the elements in question, pursuing a progressive conceptual construction of an "ideal" biomimetic intestinal model. The review concludes with a critical assessment of the currently available methods to summarize the important features of the intestinal tissue in the light of their different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arti Ahluwalia
- Research Center “E. Piaggio” and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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159
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Roy M, Finley SD. Metabolic reprogramming dynamics in tumor spheroids: Insights from a multicellular, multiscale model. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1007053. [PMID: 31185009 PMCID: PMC6588258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mathematical modeling provides the predictive ability to understand the metabolic reprogramming and complex pathways that mediate cancer cells’ proliferation. We present a mathematical model using a multiscale, multicellular approach to simulate avascular tumor growth, applied to pancreatic cancer. The model spans three distinct spatial and temporal scales. At the extracellular level, reaction diffusion equations describe nutrient concentrations over a span of seconds. At the cellular level, a lattice-based energy driven stochastic approach describes cellular phenomena including adhesion, proliferation, viability and cell state transitions, occurring on the timescale of hours. At the sub-cellular level, we incorporate a detailed kinetic model of intracellular metabolite dynamics on the timescale of minutes, which enables the cells to uptake and excrete metabolites and use the metabolites to generate energy and building blocks for cell growth. This is a particularly novel aspect of the model. Certain defined criteria for the concentrations of intracellular metabolites lead to cancer cell growth, proliferation or death. Overall, we model the evolution of the tumor in both time and space. Starting with a cluster of tumor cells, the model produces an avascular tumor that quantitatively and qualitatively mimics experimental measurements of multicellular tumor spheroids. Through our model simulations, we can investigate the response of individual intracellular species under a metabolic perturbation and investigate how that response contributes to the response of the tumor as a whole. The predicted response of intracellular metabolites under various targeted strategies are difficult to resolve with experimental techniques. Thus, the model can give novel predictions as to the response of the tumor as a whole, identifies potential therapies to impede tumor growth, and predicts the effects of those therapeutic strategies. In particular, the model provides quantitative insight into the dynamic reprogramming of tumor cells at the intracellular level in response to specific metabolic perturbations. Overall, the model is a useful framework to study targeted metabolic strategies for inhibiting tumor growth. Cancer cells expertly alter their metabolism in order to sustain growth, a hallmark of cancer. Quantitative details about this metabolic reprogramming are difficult to obtain without the use of predictive mathematical models. Here, we present a robust computational model of avascular tumor growth. The novel aspect of this work lies in the incorporation of a detailed model of the dynamics of metabolism within each individual cell, which directly influence growth of the multicellular tumor as a whole. We apply the model to simulate how the tumor grows in space and time and to predict how the tumor responds to targeted inhibition of specific intracellular metabolic reactions. Our results show, first-hand, the dynamic metabolic reprogramming that occurs in cancer cells. Specifically, the model provides insight into how the cells alter their metabolism to compensate for the loss of a nutrient by exploiting alternative pathways for continued tumor growth. Our work provides a quantitative tool for identifying the impact of cellular and sub-cellular features on the evolution of a tumor. This framework is useful for developing potential cancer therapies, complementing experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahua Roy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Stacey D. Finley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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160
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Du Y, Lü C, Destrade M, Chen W. Influence of Initial Residual Stress on Growth and Pattern Creation for a Layered Aorta. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8232. [PMID: 31160629 PMCID: PMC6547760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44694-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Residual stress is ubiquitous and indispensable in most biological and artificial materials, where it sustains and optimizes many biological and functional mechanisms. The theory of volume growth, starting from a stress-free initial state, is widely used to explain the creation and evolution of growth-induced residual stress and the resulting changes in shape, and to model how growing bio-tissues such as arteries and solid tumors develop a strategy of pattern creation according to geometrical and material parameters. This modelling provides promising avenues for designing and directing some appropriate morphology of a given tissue or organ and achieve some targeted biomedical function. In this paper, we rely on a modified, augmented theory to reveal how we can obtain growth-induced residual stress and pattern evolution of a layered artery by starting from an existing, non-zero initial residual stress state. We use experimentally determined residual stress distributions of aged bi-layered human aortas and quantify their influence by a magnitude factor. Our results show that initial residual stress has a more significant impact on residual stress accumulation and the subsequent evolution of patterns than geometry and material parameters. Additionally, we provide an essential explanation for growth-induced patterns driven by differential growth coupled to an initial residual stress. Finally, we show that initial residual stress is a readily available way to control growth-induced pattern creation for tissues and thus may provide a promising inspiration for biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangkun Du
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Stokes Centre for Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Chaofeng Lü
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China. .,Soft Matter Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P.R. China.
| | - Michel Destrade
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Stokes Centre for Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Weiqiu Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Soft Matter Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P.R. China.,Key Lab of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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161
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Das J, Chakraborty S, Maiti TK. Mechanical stress-induced autophagic response: A cancer-enabling characteristic? Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 66:101-109. [PMID: 31150765 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality. Throughout the cascade of metastasis, cancer cells are exposed to both chemical and mechanical cues which influence their migratory behavior and survival. Mechanical forces in the milieu of cancer may arise due to excessive growth of cells in a confinement as in case of solid tumors, interstitial flows within tumors and due to blood flow in the vasculature as in case of circulating tumor cells. The focus of this review is to highlight the mechanical forces prevalent in the cancer microenvironment and discuss the impact of mechanical stresses on cancer progression, with special focus on mechanically induced autophagic response in cancer cells. Autophagy is a cellular homeostatic mechanism that a cell employs not only for recycling of damaged organelles and turnover of proteins involved in cellular migration but also as an adaptive response to survive through unfavourable stresses. Elucidation of the role of mechanically triggered autophagic response may lead to a better understanding of the mechanobiological aspects of metastatic cancer and unravelling the associated signaling mechanochemical pathways may hint at potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyjyoti Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Tapas K Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
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162
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Mascheroni P, López Alfonso JC, Kalli M, Stylianopoulos T, Meyer-Hermann M, Hatzikirou H. On the Impact of Chemo-Mechanically Induced Phenotypic Transitions in Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050716. [PMID: 31137643 PMCID: PMC6562768 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is a critical player in glioma progression, and novel therapies for its targeting have been recently proposed. In particular, stress-alleviation strategies act on the tumor by reducing its stiffness, decreasing solid stresses and improving blood perfusion. However, these microenvironmental changes trigger chemo-mechanically induced cellular phenotypic transitions whose impact on therapy outcomes is not completely understood. In this work we analyze the effects of mechanical compression on migration and proliferation of glioma cells. We derive a mathematical model of glioma progression focusing on cellular phenotypic plasticity. Our results reveal a trade-off between tumor infiltration and cellular content as a consequence of stress-alleviation approaches. We discuss how these novel findings increase the current understanding of glioma/microenvironment interactions and can contribute to new strategies for improved therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Mascheroni
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology and Helmholtz Center for Infectious Research, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Juan Carlos López Alfonso
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology and Helmholtz Center for Infectious Research, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Maria Kalli
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Michael Meyer-Hermann
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology and Helmholtz Center for Infectious Research, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
- Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
- Institute for Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Haralampos Hatzikirou
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology and Helmholtz Center for Infectious Research, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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163
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Jang I, Beningo KA. Integrins, CAFs and Mechanical Forces in the Progression of Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050721. [PMID: 31137693 PMCID: PMC6562616 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells respond to both chemical and mechanical cues present within their microenvironment. Various mechanical signals are detected by and transmitted to the cells through mechanoreceptors. These receptors often contact with the extracellular matrix (ECM), where the external signals are converted into a physiological response. Integrins are well-defined mechanoreceptors that physically connect the actomyosin cytoskeleton to the surrounding matrix and transduce signals. Families of α and β subunits can form a variety of heterodimers that have been implicated in cancer progression and differ among types of cancer. These heterodimers serve as the nexus of communication between the cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is dynamic and composed of stromal cells, ECM and associated soluble factors. The most abundant stromal cells within the TME are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Accumulating studies implicate CAFs in cancer development and metastasis through their remodeling of the ECM and release of large amounts of ECM proteins and soluble factors. Considering that the communication between cancer cells and CAFs, in large part, takes place through the ECM, the involvement of integrins in the crosstalk is significant. This review discusses the role of integrins, as the primary cell-ECM mechanoreceptors, in cancer progression, highlighting integrin-mediated mechanical communication between cancer cells and CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imjoo Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Karen A Beningo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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164
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Aoun L, Larnier S, Weiss P, Cazales M, Herbulot A, Ducommun B, Vieu C, Lobjois V. Measure and characterization of the forces exerted by growing multicellular spheroids using microdevice arrays. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217227. [PMID: 31120960 PMCID: PMC6532909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing multicellular spheroids recapitulate many features of expanding microtumours, and therefore they are an attractive system for biomechanical studies. Here, we report an original approach to measure and characterize the forces exerted by proliferating multicellular spheroids. As force sensors, we used high aspect ratio PDMS pillars arranged as a ring that supports a growing breast tumour cell spheroid. After optical imaging and determination of the force application zones, we combined 3D reconstruction of the shape of each deformed PDMS pillar with the finite element method to extract the forces responsible for the experimental observation. We found that the force exerted by growing spheroids ranges between 100nN and 300nN. Moreover, the exerted force was dependent on the pillar stiffness and increased over time with spheroid growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurene Aoun
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UT3, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LAAS, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, LAAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Stanislas Larnier
- CNRS, LAAS, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, LAAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Weiss
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UT3, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Ariane Herbulot
- CNRS, LAAS, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, LAAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Ducommun
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UT3, Toulouse, France
- CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Vieu
- CNRS, LAAS, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, LAAS, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, INSA, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (CV); (VL)
| | - Valérie Lobjois
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UT3, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (CV); (VL)
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165
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Levayer R. Solid stress, competition for space and cancer: The opposing roles of mechanical cell competition in tumour initiation and growth. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 63:69-80. [PMID: 31077845 PMCID: PMC7221353 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of cell growth, cell proliferation and cell death is at the basis of the homeostasis of tissues. While they can be regulated by intrinsic and genetic factors, their response to external signals emanating from the local environment is also essential for tissue homeostasis. Tumour initiation and progression is based on the misregulation of growth, proliferation and death mostly through the accumulation of genetic mutations. Yet, there is an increasing body of evidences showing that tumour microenvironment also has a strong impact on cancer initiation and progression. This includes the mechanical constrains and the compressive forces generated by the resistance of the surrounding tissue/matrix to tumour expansion. Recently, mechanical stress has been proposed to promote competitive interactions between cells through a process called mechanical cell competition. Cell population with a high proliferative rate can compact and eliminate the neighbouring cells which are more sensitive to compaction. While this emerging concept has been recently validated in vivo, the relevance of this process during tumour progression has never been discussed extensively. In this review, I will first describe the phenomenology of mechanical cell competition focusing on the main parameters and the pathways regulating cell elimination. I will then discuss the relevance of mechanical cell competition in tumour initiation and expansion while emphasizing its potential opposing contributions to tumourogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Levayer
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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166
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Ansaryan S, Khayamian MA, Saghafi M, Shalileh S, Nikshoar MS, Abbasvandi F, Mahmoudi M, Bahrami F, Abdolahad M. Stretch Induces Invasive Phenotypes in Breast Cells Due to Activation of Aerobic-Glycolysis-Related Pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1800294. [PMID: 32648669 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is increasingly being accepted that cells' physiological functions are substantially dependent on the mechanical characteristics of their surrounding tissue. This is mainly due to the key role of biomechanical forces on cells and their nucleus' shapes, which have the capacity to regulate chromatin conformation and thus gene regulations. Therefore, it is reasonable to postulate that altering the biomechanical properties of tissue may have the capacity to change cell functions. Here, the role of cell stretching (as a model of biomechanical variations) is probed in cell migration and invasion capacity using human normal and cancerous breast cells. By several analyses (i.e., scratch assay, invasion to endothelial barrier, real-time RNA sequencing, confocal imaging, patch clamp, etc.), it is revealed that the cell-stretching process could increase the migration and invasion capabilities of normal and cancerous cells, respectively. More specifically, it is found that poststretched breast cancer cells are found in low grades of invasion; they substantially upregulate the expression of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) through activation of H-Ras proteins, which subsequently induce aerobic glycolysis followed by an overproduction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-reinforced filopodias. Presence of such invadopodias facilitates targeting of the endothelial layer, and increased invasive behaviors in breast cells are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Ansaryan
- Nano Bio Electronic Devices Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran.,Nano Electronic Center of Excellence, Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khayamian
- Nano Bio Electronic Devices Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran.,Nano Electronic Center of Excellence, Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran.,School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saghafi
- Nano Bio Electronic Devices Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran.,Nano Electronic Center of Excellence, Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Shalileh
- Nano Bio Electronic Devices Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran.,Nano Electronic Center of Excellence, Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saied Nikshoar
- Nano Bio Electronic Devices Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran.,Nano Electronic Center of Excellence, Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Abbasvandi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, P.O. BOX 15179/64311, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 13169-43551, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Bahrami
- Neuroscience Research Center and Dept. of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdolahad
- Nano Bio Electronic Devices Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran.,Nano Electronic Center of Excellence, Thin Film and Nanoelectronic Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395/515, Tehran, Iran
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167
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Petrolli V, Le Goff M, Tadrous M, Martens K, Allier C, Mandula O, Hervé L, Henkes S, Sknepnek R, Boudou T, Cappello G, Balland M. Confinement-Induced Transition between Wavelike Collective Cell Migration Modes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:168101. [PMID: 31075005 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.168101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The structural and functional organization of biological tissues relies on the intricate interplay between chemical and mechanical signaling. Whereas the role of constant and transient mechanical perturbations is generally accepted, several studies recently highlighted the existence of long-range mechanical excitations (i.e., waves) at the supracellular level. Here, we confine epithelial cell monolayers to quasi-one-dimensional geometries, to force the establishment of tissue-level waves of well-defined wavelength and period. Numerical simulations based on a self-propelled Voronoi model reproduce the observed waves and exhibit a phase transition between a global and a multinodal wave, controlled by the confinement size. We confirm experimentally the existence of such a phase transition, and show that wavelength and period are independent of the confinement length. Together, these results demonstrate the intrinsic origin of tissue oscillations, which could provide cells with a mechanism to accurately measure distances at the supracellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanni Petrolli
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Magali Le Goff
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Monika Tadrous
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Kirsten Martens
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Cédric Allier
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Ondrej Mandula
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Lionel Hervé
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Silke Henkes
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS81TW, United Kingdom
| | - Rastko Sknepnek
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Boudou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Giovanni Cappello
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Martial Balland
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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168
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Park J, Park J, Castanares MA, Collins DS, Yeo Y. Magnetophoretic Delivery of a Tumor-Priming Agent for Chemotherapy of Metastatic Murine Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:1864-1873. [PMID: 30916974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is a significant physical barrier to the effective delivery of chemotherapy into solid tumors. To overcome this challenge, tumors are pretreated with an agent that reduces cellular and extracellular matrix densities prior to chemotherapy. However, it also comes with a concern that metastasis may increase due to the loss of protective containment. We hypothesize that timely priming at the early stage of primary tumors will help control metastasis. To test this, we primed orthotopic 4T1 breast tumors with a paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded iron-oxide-decorated poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle (NP) composite (PTX@PINC), which can be quickly concentrated in target tissues with the aid of an external magnet, and monitored its effect on the delivery of subsequently administered NPs. Magnetic resonance imaging and optical whole-body imaging confirmed that PTX@PINC was efficiently delivered to tumors by the external magnet and help loosen the tumors to accommodate subsequently delivered NPs. Consistently, the primed tumors responded to Doxil better than nonprimed tumors. In addition, lung metastasis was significantly reduced in the animals PINC-primed prior to Doxil administration. These results support that PINC combined with magnetophoresis can facilitate the timely management of primary tumors with a favorable secondary effect on metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Park
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy , Purdue University , 575 Stadium Mall Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center , Eli Lilly and Company , Indianapolis , Indiana 46285 , United States
| | - Joonyoung Park
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy , Purdue University , 575 Stadium Mall Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Mark A Castanares
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center , Eli Lilly and Company , Indianapolis , Indiana 46285 , United States
| | - David S Collins
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center , Eli Lilly and Company , Indianapolis , Indiana 46285 , United States
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy , Purdue University , 575 Stadium Mall Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering , Purdue University , 206 South Martin Jischke Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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169
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Uhl CG, Liu Y. Microfluidic device for expedited tumor growth towards drug evaluation. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1458-1470. [PMID: 30888358 PMCID: PMC6526058 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01250d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Patient derived organoids have emerged as robust preclinical models for screening anti-cancer therapeutics. Current 2D culturing methods do not provide physiological responses to therapeutics, therefore 3D models are being developed to better reproduce physiological responses. 3D culturing however often requires large initial cell populations and one week to one month to grow tumors ready for therapeutic testing. As a solution a 3D culturing system has been developed capable of producing physiologically relevant tumors in an expedited fashion while only requiring a small number of initial cancer cells. A bi-layer microfluidic system capable of facilitating active convective nutrient supply to populations of cancer cells facilitates expedited growth of cancer cells when starting with populations as small as 8 cells. The system has been shown to function well with adherent and non-adherent cell types by expediting cell growth by a factor ranging from 1.27 to 4.76 greater than growth under static conditions. Utilizing such an approach has enable to formation of tumors ready for therapeutic screening within 3 days and the ability to perform therapeutic screening within the microfluidic system is demonstrated. A mathematical model has been developed which allows for adjustments to be made to the dynamic delivery of nutrients in order to efficiently use culture media without excessive waste. We believe this work to be the first attempt to grow cancers in an expedited fashion utilizing only a convective nutrient supply within a microfluidic system which also facilitates on-device therapeutic screening. The developed microfluidic system and cancer growth method have the potential to offer improved drug screening for patients in clinical settings.
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170
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Narasimhan S, Johnson HB, Nickles TM, Miga MI, Rana N, Attia A, Weis JA. Biophysical model-based parameters to classify tumor recurrence from radiation-induced necrosis for brain metastases. Med Phys 2019; 46:2487-2496. [PMID: 30816555 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is used for local control treatment of patients with intracranial metastases. As a result of SRS, some patients develop radiation-induced necrosis. Radiographically, radiation-induced necrosis can appear similar to tumor recurrence in magnetic resonance (MR) T1 -weighted contrast-enhanced imaging, T2 -weighted MR imaging, and Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) MR imaging. Radiographic ambiguities often necessitate invasive brain biopsies to determine lesion etiology or cause delayed subsequent therapy initiation. We use a biomechanically coupled tumor growth model to estimate patient-specific model parameters and model-derived measures to noninvasively classify etiology of enhancing lesions in this patient population. METHODS In this initial, preliminary retrospective study, we evaluated five patients with tumor recurrence and five with radiation-induced necrosis. Longitudinal patient-specific MR imaging data were used in conjunction with the model to parameterize tumor cell proliferation rate and tumor cell diffusion coefficient, and Dice correlation coefficients were used to quantify degree of correlation between model-estimated mechanical stress fields and edema visualized from MR imaging. RESULTS Results found four statistically relevant parameters which can differentiate tumor recurrence and radiation-induced necrosis. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary investigation suggests potential of this framework to noninvasively determine the etiology of enhancing lesions in patients who previously underwent SRS for intracranial metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saramati Narasimhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Haley B Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Tanner M Nickles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Michael I Miga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Surgery and Engineering (VISE), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nitesh Rana
- Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Albert Attia
- Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jared A Weis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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171
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Quantitative cell-based model predicts mechanical stress response of growing tumor spheroids over various growth conditions and cell lines. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1006273. [PMID: 30849070 PMCID: PMC6538187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Model simulations indicate that the response of growing cell populations on mechanical stress follows the same functional relationship and is predictable over different cell lines and growth conditions despite experimental response curves look largely different. We develop a hybrid model strategy in which cells are represented by coarse-grained individual units calibrated with a high resolution cell model and parameterized by measurable biophysical and cell-biological parameters. Cell cycle progression in our model is controlled by volumetric strain, the latter being derived from a bio-mechanical relation between applied pressure and cell compressibility. After parameter calibration from experiments with mouse colon carcinoma cells growing against the resistance of an elastic alginate capsule, the model adequately predicts the growth curve in i) soft and rigid capsules, ii) in different experimental conditions where the mechanical stress is generated by osmosis via a high molecular weight dextran solution, and iii) for other cell types with different growth kinetics from the growth kinetics in absence of external stress. Our model simulation results suggest a generic, even quantitatively same, growth response of cell populations upon externally applied mechanical stress, as it can be quantitatively predicted using the same growth progression function.
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172
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Urdal J, Waldeland JO, Evje S. Enhanced cancer cell invasion caused by fibroblasts when fluid flow is present. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 18:1047-1078. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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173
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Gandhi JG, Koch DL, Paszek MJ. Equilibrium Modeling of the Mechanics and Structure of the Cancer Glycocalyx. Biophys J 2019; 116:694-708. [PMID: 30736980 PMCID: PMC6382957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycocalyx is a thick coat of proteins and carbohydrates on the outer surface of all eukaryotic cells. Overproduction of large, flexible or rod-like biopolymers, including hyaluronic acid and mucins, in the glycocalyx strongly correlates with the aggression of many cancer types. However, theoretical frameworks to predict the effects of these changes on cancer cell adhesion and other biophysical processes remain limited. Here, we propose a detailed modeling framework for the glycocalyx incorporating important physical effects of biopolymer flexibility, excluded volume, counterion mobility, and coupled membrane deformations. Because mucin and hyaluronic biopolymers are proposed to extend and rigidify depending on the extent of their decoration with side chains, we propose and consider two limiting cases for the structural elements of the glycocalyx: stiff beams and flexible chains. Simulations predict the mechanical response of the glycocalyx to compressive loads, which are imposed on cells residing in the highly confined spaces of the solid tumor or invaded tissues. Notably, the shape of the mechanical response transitions from hyperbolic to sigmoidal for more rod-like glycocalyx elements. These mechanical responses, along with the corresponding equilibrium protein organizations and membrane topographies, are summarized to aid in hypothesis generation and the evaluation of future experimental measurements. Overall, the modeling framework developed provides a theoretical basis for understanding the physical biology of the glycocalyx in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay G Gandhi
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Donald L Koch
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Matthew J Paszek
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
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174
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Ma S, Zhu M, Xia X, Guo L, Genin GM, Sacks MS, Gao M, Mutic S, Hu Y, Hu CH, Feng Y. A preliminary study of the local biomechanical environment of liver tumors in vivo. Med Phys 2019; 46:1728-1739. [PMID: 30730058 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Biomechanical properties can be used as biomarkers to diagnose tumors, monitor tumor development, and evaluate treatment efficacy. The purpose of this preliminary study is to characterize the biomechanical environment of two typical liver tumors, hemangiomas (HEMs) and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), and to investigate the potential of using strain metrics as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis, based on a limited clinical dataset. METHODS Magnetic resonance (MR) tagging was used to quantify the motion and deformation of the two types of liver tumors. Displacements of the tumors arising from a heartbeat were measured over one cardiac cycle. Local biomechanical conditions of the tumors were characterized by estimating two principal strains (ε1 and ε2 ) and an octahedral shear strain (εsoct ) of the tumor and its peripheral region. Biomechanical conditions of the tumors were compared with those of the arbitrarily selected regions from healthy volunteers. RESULTS We observed that the HCCs had significantly smaller strain values compared to their peripheral tissues. However, the HEMs did not have significantly different strains from those of the peripheral tissues, and were similar to healthy liver regions. The sensitivity of using ε1 , ε2 , and εsoct to diagnose HCC were all 1, while the sensitivity of using ε1 , ε2 , and εsoct to diagnose HEM were 0.67, 0.17, and 0.67, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lagrangian strain metrics provide insight into the biomechanical conditions of certain liver tumors in the human body and may provide another perspective for tumor characterization and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Ma
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Mo Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The first affiliated hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215021, China
| | - Xiaolong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Radiology, The first affiliated hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215021, China
| | - Guy M Genin
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Michael S Sacks
- Center of Cardiovascular Simulation, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 70745, USA
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Sasa Mutic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yanle Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
| | - Chun-Hong Hu
- Department of Radiology, The first affiliated hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215021, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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175
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Feng X, Hormuth DA, Yankeelov TE. An adjoint-based method for a linear mechanically-coupled tumor model: Application to estimate the spatial variation of murine glioma growth based on diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging. COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS 2019; 63:159-180. [PMID: 30880856 PMCID: PMC6415692 DOI: 10.1007/s00466-018-1589-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We present an efficient numerical method to quantify the spatial variation of glioma growth based on subject-specific medical images using a mechanically-coupled tumor model. The method is illustrated in a murine model of glioma in which we consider the tumor as a growing elastic mass that continuously deforms the surrounding healthy-appearing brain tissue. As an inverse parameter identification problem, we quantify the volumetric growth of glioma and the growth component of deformation by fitting the model predicted cell density to the cell density estimated using the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) data. Numerically, we developed an adjoint-based approach to solve the optimization problem. Results on a set of experimentally measured, in vivo rat glioma data indicate good agreement between the fitted and measured tumor area and suggest a wide variation of in-plane glioma growth with the growth-induced Jacobian ranging from 1.0 to 6.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzeng Feng
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - David A. Hormuth
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Thomas E. Yankeelov
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin
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176
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Kalli M, Minia A, Pliaka V, Fotis C, Alexopoulos LG, Stylianopoulos T. Solid stress-induced migration is mediated by GDF15 through Akt pathway activation in pancreatic cancer cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:978. [PMID: 30700740 PMCID: PMC6353927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid stress is a biomechanical abnormality of the tumor microenvironment that plays a crucial role in tumor progression. When it is applied to cancer cells, solid stress hinders their proliferation rate and promotes cancer cell invasion and metastatic potential. However, the underlying mechanisms of how it is implicated in cancer metastasis is not yet fully understood. Here, we used two pancreatic cancer cell lines and an established in vitro system to study the effect of solid stress-induced signal transduction on pancreatic cancer cell migration as well as the mechanism involved. Our results show that the migratory ability of cells increases as a direct response to solid stress. We also found that Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) expression and secretion is strongly upregulated in pancreatic cancer cells in response to mechanical compression. Performing a phosphoprotein screening, we identified that solid stress activates the Akt/CREB1 pathway to transcriptionally regulate GDF15 expression, which eventually promotes pancreatic cancer cell migration. Our results suggest a novel solid stress signal transduction mechanism bringing GDF15 to the centre of pancreatic tumor biology and rendering it a potential target for future anti-metastatic therapeutic innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalli
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | - Christos Fotis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonidas G Alexopoulos
- ProtATonce Ltd, Athens, Greece.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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177
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Shang M, Soon RH, Lim CT, Khoo BL, Han J. Microfluidic modelling of the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer drug development. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:369-386. [PMID: 30644496 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00970h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. The complex and disorganized tumor microenvironment makes it very difficult to treat this disease. The most common in vitro drug screening method now is based on 2D culture models which poorly represent actual tumors. Therefore, many 3D tumor models which are more physiologically relevant have been developed to conduct in vitro drug screening and alleviate this situation. Among all these models, the microfluidic tumor model has the unique advantage of recapitulating the tumor microenvironment in a comparatively easier and representative fashion. While there are many review papers available on the related topic of microfluidic tumor models, in this review we aim to focus more on the possibility of generating "clinically actionable information" from these microfluidic systems, besides scientific insight. Our topics cover the tumor microenvironment, conventional 2D and 3D cultures, animal models, and microfluidic tumor models, emphasizing their link to anti-cancer drug discovery and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Shang
- BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, 1, Create Way, Enterprise Wing, 138602, Singapore.
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178
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Valon L, Levayer R. Dying under pressure: cellular characterisation and in vivo functions of cell death induced by compaction. Biol Cell 2019; 111:51-66. [PMID: 30609052 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cells and tissues are exposed to multiple mechanical stresses during development, tissue homoeostasis and diseases. While we start to have an extensive understanding of the influence of mechanics on cell differentiation and proliferation, how excessive mechanical stresses can also lead to cell death and may be associated with pathologies has been much less explored so far. Recently, the development of new perturbative approaches allowing modulation of pressure and deformation of tissues has demonstrated that compaction (the reduction of tissue size or volume) can lead to cell elimination. Here, we discuss the relevant type of stress and the parameters that could be causal to cell death from single cell to multicellular systems. We then compare the pathways and mechanisms that have been proposed to influence cell survival upon compaction. We eventually describe the relevance of compaction-induced death in vivo, and its functions in morphogenesis, tissue size regulation, tissue homoeostasis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Valon
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Romain Levayer
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
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179
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Margueritat J, Virgone-Carlotta A, Monnier S, Delanoë-Ayari H, Mertani HC, Berthelot A, Martinet Q, Dagany X, Rivière C, Rieu JP, Dehoux T. High-Frequency Mechanical Properties of Tumors Measured by Brillouin Light Scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:018101. [PMID: 31012711 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.018101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The structure of tumors can be recapitulated as an elastic frame formed by the connected cytoskeletons of the cells invaded by interstitial and intracellular fluids. The low-frequency mechanics of this poroelastic system, dictated by the elastic skeleton only, control tumor growth, penetration of therapeutic agents, and invasiveness. The high-frequency mechanical properties containing the additional contribution of the internal fluids have also been posited to participate in tumor progression and drug resistance, but they remain largely unexplored. Here we use Brillouin light scattering to produce label-free images of tumor microtissues based on the high-frequency viscoelastic modulus as a contrast mechanism. In this regime, we demonstrate that the modulus discriminates between tissues with altered tumorigenic properties. Our micrometric maps also reveal that the modulus is heterogeneously altered across the tissue by drug therapy, revealing a lag of efficacy in the core of the tumor. Exploiting high-frequency poromechanics should advance present theories based on viscoelasticity and lead to integrated descriptions of tumor response to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Margueritat
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Angélique Virgone-Carlotta
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sylvain Monnier
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hélène Delanoë-Ayari
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hichem C Mertani
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Alice Berthelot
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Quentin Martinet
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Xavier Dagany
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Charlotte Rivière
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Paul Rieu
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thomas Dehoux
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
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180
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Solid stress in brain tumours causes neuronal loss and neurological dysfunction and can be reversed by lithium. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 3:230-245. [PMID: 30948807 PMCID: PMC6452896 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-018-0334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The compression of brain tissue by a tumour mass is believed to be a major cause of the clinical symptoms seen in patients with brain cancer. However, the biological consequences of these physical stresses on brain tissue are unknown. Here, via imaging studies in patients and by using mouse models of human brain tumours, we show that a subgroup of primary and metastatic brain tumours, classified as nodular on the basis of their growth pattern, exert solid stress on the surrounding brain tissue, causing a decrease in local vascular perfusion as well as neuronal death and impaired function. We demonstrate a causal link between solid stress and neurological dysfunction by applying and removing cerebral compression, which respectively mimic the mechanics of tumour growth and of surgical resection. We also show that, in mice, treatment with lithium reduces solid-stress-induced neuronal death and improves motor coordination. Our findings indicate that brain-tumour-generated solid stress impairs neurological function in patients, and that lithium as a therapeutic intervention could counter these effects.
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181
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Computer simulations suggest that prostate enlargement due to benign prostatic hyperplasia mechanically impedes prostate cancer growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:1152-1161. [PMID: 30617074 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815735116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia are common genitourinary diseases in aging men. Both pathologies may coexist and share numerous similarities, which have suggested several connections or some interplay between them. However, solid evidence confirming their existence is lacking. Recent studies on extensive series of prostatectomy specimens have shown that tumors originating in larger prostates present favorable pathological features. Hence, large prostates may exert a protective effect against prostate cancer. In this work, we propose a mechanical explanation for this phenomenon. The mechanical stress fields that originate as tumors enlarge have been shown to slow down their dynamics. Benign prostatic hyperplasia contributes to these mechanical stress fields, hence further restraining prostate cancer growth. We derived a tissue-scale, patient-specific mechanically coupled mathematical model to qualitatively investigate the mechanical interaction of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. This model was calibrated by studying the deformation caused by each disease independently. Our simulations show that a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia creates mechanical stress fields in the prostate that impede prostatic tumor growth and limit its invasiveness. The technology presented herein may assist physicians in the clinical management of benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer by predicting pathological outcomes on a tissue-scale, patient-specific basis.
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182
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Inhibition of Breast Cancer Cell Invasion by Ras Suppressor-1 (RSU-1) Silencing Is Reversed by Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010163. [PMID: 30621163 PMCID: PMC6337329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM)-related adhesion proteins are important in metastasis. Ras suppressor-1 (RSU-1), a suppressor of Ras-transformation, is localized to cell–ECM adhesions where it interacts with the Particularly Interesting New Cysteine-Histidine rich protein (PINCH-1), being connected to Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK) and alpha-parvin (PARVA), a direct actin-binding protein. RSU-1 was also found upregulated in metastatic breast cancer (BC) samples and was recently demonstrated to have metastasis-promoting properties. In the present study, we transiently silenced RSU-1 in BC cells, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. We found that RSU-1 silencing leads to downregulation of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15), which has been associated with both actin cytoskeleton reorganization and metastasis. RSU-1 silencing also reduced the mRNA expression of PINCH-1 and cell division control protein-42 (Cdc42), while increasing that of ILK and Rac regardless of the presence of GDF-15. However, the downregulation of actin-modulating genes PARVA, RhoA, Rho associated kinase-1 (ROCK-1), and Fascin-1 following RSU-1 depletion was completely reversed by GDF-15 treatment in both cell lines. Moreover, complete rescue of the inhibitory effect of RSU-1 silencing on cell invasion was achieved by GDF-15 treatment, which also correlated with matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression. Finally, using a graph clustering approach, we corroborated our findings. This is the first study providing evidence of a functional association between RSU-1 and GDF-15 with regard to cancer cell invasion.
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183
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Pradhan S, Sperduto JL, Farino CJ, Slater JH. Engineered In Vitro Models of Tumor Dormancy and Reactivation. J Biol Eng 2018; 12:37. [PMID: 30603045 PMCID: PMC6307145 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-018-0120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic recurrence is a major hurdle to overcome for successful control of cancer-associated death. Residual tumor cells in the primary site, or disseminated tumor cells in secondary sites, can lie in a dormant state for long time periods, years to decades, before being reactivated into a proliferative growth state. The microenvironmental signals and biological mechanisms that mediate the fate of disseminated cancer cells with respect to cell death, single cell dormancy, tumor mass dormancy and metastatic growth, as well as the factors that induce reactivation, are discussed in this review. Emphasis is placed on engineered, in vitro, biomaterial-based approaches to model tumor dormancy and subsequent reactivation, with a focus on the roles of extracellular matrix, secondary cell types, biochemical signaling and drug treatment. A brief perspective of molecular targets and treatment approaches for dormant tumors is also presented. Advances in tissue-engineered platforms to induce, model, and monitor tumor dormancy and reactivation may provide much needed insight into the regulation of these processes and serve as drug discovery and testing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Pradhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, 161 Colburn Lab, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - John L. Sperduto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, 161 Colburn Lab, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - Cindy J. Farino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, 161 Colburn Lab, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - John H. Slater
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, 161 Colburn Lab, Newark, DE 19716 USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, DE 19711 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA
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184
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The emergence of solid stress as a potent biomechanical marker of tumour progression. Emerg Top Life Sci 2018; 2:739-749. [PMID: 33530664 DOI: 10.1042/etls20180049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease of dysregulated mechanics which alters cell behaviour, compromises tissue structure, and promotes tumour growth and metastasis. In the context of tumour progression, the most widely studied of biomechanical markers is matrix stiffness as tumour tissue is typically stiffer than healthy tissue. However, solid stress has recently been identified as another marker of tumour growth, with findings strongly suggesting that its role in cancer is distinct from that of stiffness. Owing to the relative infancy of the field which draws from diverse disciplines, a comprehensive knowledge of the relationships between solid stress, tumorigenesis, and metastasis is likely to provide new and valuable insights. In this review, we discuss the micro- and macro-scale biomechanical interactions that give rise to solid stresses, and also examine the techniques developed to quantify solid stress within the tumour environment. Moreover, by reviewing the effects of solid stress on tissues, cancer and stromal cells, and signalling pathways, we also detail its mode of action at each level of the cancer cascade.
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185
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Hai J, Zeng X, Zhu Y, Wang B. Anions reversibly responsive luminescent nanocellulose hydrogels for cancer spheroids culture and release. Biomaterials 2018; 194:161-170. [PMID: 30605824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Artificial stimuli-responsive hydrogels that can mimic natural extracellular matrix for growth and release of cancer spheroids (CSs) have attracted much attention. However, such hydrogels still face a challenge in regulating CSs growth and controlled release as well as keeping CSs integrity. Herein, a new class of ClO-/SCN- reversibly responsive nanocellulose hydrogel with fluorescence on-off reporter is developed. Upon addition of ClO-, the gel network of nanocellulose hydrogel was destructed, accompanying by the fluorescent quenching. Notably, when introducing of SCN-, a red fluorescence filamentous hydrogel was recovered by coordination cross-linking. The hydrogel reforms in a completely reversible process through the regulation of ClO-/SCN-. Benefit from the above response features of the hydrogel, the growth of cancer spheroids (CSs) in the hydrogel and on demand release of CSs from the hydrogel could be easily achieved through ClO-/SCN- regulation. Importantly, the growth and release of CSs can be monitored in real time by fluorescence imaging. Overall, such design strategy based on ClO-/SCN--responsive fluorescent hydrogels provided a new type of multi-responsive hydrogels as main scaffolds for cancer research and cancer drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaofan Zeng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanhong Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Baodui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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186
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Jarrett AM, Lima EABF, Hormuth DA, McKenna MT, Feng X, Ekrut DA, Resende ACM, Brock A, Yankeelov TE. Mathematical models of tumor cell proliferation: A review of the literature. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2018; 18:1271-1286. [PMID: 30252552 PMCID: PMC6295418 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2018.1527689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A defining hallmark of cancer is aberrant cell proliferation. Efforts to understand the generative properties of cancer cells span all biological scales: from genetic deviations and alterations of metabolic pathways to physical stresses due to overcrowding, as well as the effects of therapeutics and the immune system. While these factors have long been studied in the laboratory, mathematical and computational techniques are being increasingly applied to help understand and forecast tumor growth and treatment response. Advantages of mathematical modeling of proliferation include the ability to simulate and predict the spatiotemporal development of tumors across multiple experimental scales. Central to proliferation modeling is the incorporation of available biological data and validation with experimental data. Areas covered: We present an overview of past and current mathematical strategies directed at understanding tumor cell proliferation. We identify areas for mathematical development as motivated by available experimental and clinical evidence, with a particular emphasis on emerging, non-invasive imaging technologies. Expert commentary: The data required to legitimize mathematical models are often difficult or (currently) impossible to obtain. We suggest areas for further investigation to establish mathematical models that more effectively utilize available data to make informed predictions on tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Jarrett
- a Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
- b Livestrong Cancer Institutes , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
| | - Ernesto A B F Lima
- a Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
| | - David A Hormuth
- a Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
- b Livestrong Cancer Institutes , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
| | - Matthew T McKenna
- c Department of Biomedical Engineering , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , USA
| | - Xinzeng Feng
- a Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
| | - David A Ekrut
- a Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
| | - Anna Claudia M Resende
- a Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
- d Department of Computational Modeling , National Laboratory for Scientific Computing , Petrópolis , Brazil
| | - Amy Brock
- b Livestrong Cancer Institutes , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
- e Department of Biomedical Engineering , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- a Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
- b Livestrong Cancer Institutes , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
- e Department of Biomedical Engineering , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
- f Department of Diagnostic Medicine , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
- g Department of Oncology , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , USA
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187
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El-Sawy HS, Al-Abd AM, Ahmed TA, El-Say KM, Torchilin VP. Stimuli-Responsive Nano-Architecture Drug-Delivery Systems to Solid Tumor Micromilieu: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. ACS NANO 2018; 12:10636-10664. [PMID: 30335963 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment characteristics of solid tumors, renowned as barriers that harshly impeded many drug-delivery approaches, were precisely studied, investigated, categorized, divided, and subdivided into a complex diverse of barriers. These categories were further studied with a particular perspective, which makes all barriers found in solid-tumor micromilieu turn into different types of stimuli, and were considered triggers that can increase and hasten drug-release targeting efficacy. This review gathers data concerning the nature of solid-tumor micromilieu. Past research focused on the treatment of such tumors, the recent efforts employed for engineering smart nanoarchitectures with the utilization of the specified stimuli categories, the possibility of combining more than one stimuli for much-greater targeting enhancement, examples of the approved nanoarchitectures that already translated clinically as well as the obstacles faced by the use of these nanostructures, and, finally, an overview of the possible future implementations of smart-chemical engineering for the design of more-efficient drug delivery and theranostic systems and for making nanosystems with a much-higher level of specificity and penetrability features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S El-Sawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Egyptian Russian University , Badr City , Cairo 63514 , Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Al-Abd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Gulf Medical University , Ajman , United Arab Emirates
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Division , National Research Centre , Giza 12622 , Egypt
| | - Tarek A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11651 , Egypt
| | - Khalid M El-Say
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11651 , Egypt
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine , Northeastern University , 140 The Fenway, Room 211/214, 360 Huntington Aveue , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
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188
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Sun Q, Tan SH, Chen Q, Ran R, Hui Y, Chen D, Zhao CX. Microfluidic Formation of Coculture Tumor Spheroids with Stromal Cells As a Novel 3D Tumor Model for Drug Testing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:4425-4433. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner Coopers and College Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Say Hwa Tan
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Qiushui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian Qu, Beijing, 100084, P.R.China
| | - Rui Ran
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner Coopers and College Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Hui
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner Coopers and College Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Dong Chen
- Institute of Process Equipment, College of Energy Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P.R.China
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner Coopers and College Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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189
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Carotenuto A, Cutolo A, Petrillo A, Fusco R, Arra C, Sansone M, Larobina D, Cardoso L, Fraldi M. Growth and in vivo stresses traced through tumor mechanics enriched with predator-prey cells dynamics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 86:55-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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190
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Klymenko Y, Wates RB, Weiss-Bilka H, Lombard R, Liu Y, Campbell L, Kim O, Wagner D, Ravosa MJ, Stack MS. Modeling the effect of ascites-induced compression on ovarian cancer multicellular aggregates. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm034199. [PMID: 30254133 PMCID: PMC6176988 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.034199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. EOC dissemination is predominantly via direct extension of cells and multicellular aggregates (MCAs) into the peritoneal cavity, which adhere to and induce retraction of peritoneal mesothelium and proliferate in the submesothelial matrix to generate metastatic lesions. Metastasis is facilitated by the accumulation of malignant ascites (500 ml to >2 l), resulting in physical discomfort and abdominal distension, and leading to poor prognosis. Although intraperitoneal fluid pressure is normally subatmospheric, an average intraperitoneal pressure of 30 cmH2O (22.1 mmHg) has been reported in women with EOC. In this study, to enable experimental evaluation of the impact of high intraperitoneal pressure on EOC progression, two new in vitro model systems were developed. Initial experiments evaluated EOC MCAs in pressure vessels connected to an Instron to apply short-term compressive force. A Flexcell Compression Plus system was then used to enable longer-term compression of MCAs in custom-designed hydrogel carriers. Results show changes in the expression of genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition as well as altered dispersal of compressed MCAs on collagen gels. These new model systems have utility for future analyses of compression-induced mechanotransduction and the resulting impact on cellular responses related to intraperitoneal metastatic dissemination.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Klymenko
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
| | - Rebecca B Wates
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Holly Weiss-Bilka
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Rachel Lombard
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
| | - Yueying Liu
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
| | - Leigh Campbell
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
| | - Oleg Kim
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Diane Wagner
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Matthew J Ravosa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
| | - M Sharon Stack
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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191
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Wang R, Chow YT, Chen S, Ma D, Luo T, Tan Y, Sun D. Magnetic Force-driven in Situ Selective Intracellular Delivery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14205. [PMID: 30242189 PMCID: PMC6155070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32605-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of functional materials holds great promise in biologic research and therapeutic applications but poses challenges to existing techniques, including the reliance on exogenous vectors and lack of selectivity. To address these problems, we propose a vector-free approach that utilizes millimeter-sized iron rods or spheres driven by magnetic forces to selectively deform targeted cells, which in turn generates transient disruption in cell membranes and enables the delivery of foreign materials into cytosols. A range of functional materials with the size from a few nanometers to hundreds of nanometers have been successfully delivered into various types of mammalian cells in situ with high efficiency and viability and minimal undesired effects. Mechanistically, material delivery is mediated by force-induced transient membrane disruption and restoration, which depend on actin cytoskeleton and calcium signaling. When used for siRNA delivery, CXCR4 is effectively silenced and cell migration and proliferation are significantly inhibited. Remarkably, cell patterns with various complexities are generated, demonstrating the unique ability of our approach in selectively delivering materials into targeted cells in situ. In summary, we have developed a magnetic force-driven intracellular delivery method with in situ selectivity, which may have tremendous applications in biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Ting Chow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuxun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongce Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Youhua Tan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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192
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Improved anticancer efficacy of doxorubicin mediated by human-derived cell-penetrating peptide dNP2. Int J Pharm 2018; 551:14-22. [PMID: 30205127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been extensively studied as an approach to deliver anti-cancer drugs into the tumor cells for the last 30 years, no FDA-approved CPP-based drugs are available, implying that the existing CPPs may have less efficiency in human or have side effects such as toxicity. Herein, we established a tumor targeting drug delivery system by attaching a human-derived cell-penetrating peptide dNP2 (CKIKKVKKKGRKKIKKVKKKGRK) to N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer doxorubicin conjugates. Firstly, in vitro cytotoxicity of free dNP2 peptide and dNP2-modified blank HPMA copolymer were examined. A classic CPP-R8 (CRRRRRRRR) was chosen for comparison and the results showed that 200 μM free R8 reduced cell viability to 68.4% but dNP2 did not induce any toxicity at the same concentration. After conjugation to HPMA copolymer, a similar trend was also observed which indicated the excellent biocompatibility of dNP2. Next, effect of dNP2 modification on cellular uptake, DNA damage, apoptosis and anticancer activity of HPMA copolymer doxorubicin conjugates were evaluated. It was excited that dNP2 modified HPMA copolymer (P-(dNP2)-DOX) not only had a higher uptake by HeLa cell compared with non-modified copolymer (P-DOX) but resulted in an enhanced drug distribution in nuclei. Furthermore, P-(dNP2)-DOX exhibited greater DNA damage ability (10.5 folds higher than P-DOX) in comet assay and induced more apoptosis cells (46.0%). P-(dNP2)-DOX also showed a stronger cell cytotoxicity (3-fold to P-DOX) as well as in 3D tumor spheroid assay (inhibition rate 78%). All these results suggested that the human-derived cell-penetrating peptide dNP2 could facilitate tumor nuclear-accumulation of anti-cancer drugs and improve anticancer efficacy. More importantly, dNP2 has less toxicity compared with classic CPP-R8 thus shows the potential for the clinic cancer therapy.
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193
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Reynolds DS, Bougher KM, Letendre JH, Fitzgerald SF, Gisladottir UO, Grinstaff MW, Zaman MH. Mechanical confinement via a PEG/Collagen interpenetrating network inhibits behavior characteristic of malignant cells in the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA.MB.231. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:85-95. [PMID: 30030173 PMCID: PMC6136430 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
To decouple the effects of collagen fiber density and network mechanics on cancer cell behavior, we describe a highly tunable in vitro 3D interpenetrating network (IPN) consisting of a primary fibrillar collagen network reinforced by a secondary visible light-mediated thiol-ene poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) network. This PEG/Collagen IPN platform is cytocompatible, inherently bioactive via native cellular adhesion sites, and mechanically tunable over several orders of magnitude-mimicking both healthy and cancerous breast tissue. Furthermore, we use the PEG/Collagen IPN platform to investigate the effect of mechanical confinement on cancer cell behavior as it is hypothesized that cells within tumors that have yet to invade into the surrounding tissue experience mechanical confinement. We find that mechanical confinement via the IPN impairs behavior characteristic of malignant cells (i.e., viability, proliferation, and cellular motility) in the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA.MB.231, and is more effective than removal of soluble growth signals. The PEG/Collagen IPN platform is a useful tool for studying mechanotransductive signaling pathways and motivates further investigation into the role of mechanical confinement in cancer progression. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this study, we have developed, optimized, and applied a novel 3D in vitro cell culture platform composed of an interpenetrating network (IPN) that is both mechanically tunable and inherently bioactive. The IPN consists of a primary fibrillar collagen type-1 network reinforced by a secondary thiol-ene poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) network. The IPNs are formed via a novel strategy in which cell-laden collagen gels are formed first, and soluble PEG monomers are added later and crosslinked via visible light. This approach ensures that the collagen gels contain a fibrillar architecture similar to the collagen architecture present in vivo. We applied our IPN platform to study the effect of mechanical confinement on cancer cell behavior and found that it inhibits malignant-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Reynolds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kristen M Bougher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Justin H Letendre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stephen F Fitzgerald
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Rensselaer, NY 12180, USA
| | - Undina O Gisladottir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Muhammad H Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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194
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Pham K, Turian E, Liu K, Li S, Lowengrub J. Nonlinear studies of tumor morphological stability using a two-fluid flow model. J Math Biol 2018; 77:671-709. [PMID: 29546457 DOI: 10.1007/s00285-018-1212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We consider the nonlinear dynamics of an avascular tumor at the tissue scale using a two-fluid flow Stokes model, where the viscosity of the tumor and host microenvironment may be different. The viscosities reflect the combined properties of cell and extracellular matrix mixtures. We perform a linear morphological stability analysis of the tumors, and we investigate the role of nonlinearity using boundary-integral simulations in two dimensions. The tumor is non-necrotic, although cell death may occur through apoptosis. We demonstrate that tumor evolution is regulated by a reduced set of nondimensional parameters that characterize apoptosis, cell-cell/cell-extracellular matrix adhesion, vascularization and the ratio of tumor and host viscosities. A novel reformulation of the equations enables the use of standard boundary integral techniques to solve the equations numerically. Nonlinear simulation results are consistent with linear predictions for nearly circular tumors. As perturbations develop and grow, the linear and nonlinear results deviate and linear theory tends to underpredict the growth of perturbations. Simulations reveal two basic types of tumor shapes, depending on the viscosities of the tumor and microenvironment. When the tumor is more viscous than its environment, the tumors tend to develop invasive fingers and a branched-like structure. As the relative ratio of the tumor and host viscosities decreases, the tumors tend to grow with a more compact shape and develop complex invaginations of healthy regions that may become encapsulated in the tumor interior. Although our model utilizes a simplified description of the tumor and host biomechanics, our results are consistent with experiments in a variety of tumor types that suggest that there is a positive correlation between tumor stiffness and tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara Pham
- Department of Mathematics, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-3875, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Fullerton College, Fullerton, CA, 92832, USA
| | - Emma Turian
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL, 60625, USA
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Mathematics, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-3875, USA
| | - Shuwang Li
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA.
| | - John Lowengrub
- Departments of Mathematics and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Complex Biological Systems, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-3875, USA.
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195
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Angeli S, Emblem KE, Due-Tonnessen P, Stylianopoulos T. Towards patient-specific modeling of brain tumor growth and formation of secondary nodes guided by DTI-MRI. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 20:664-673. [PMID: 30211003 PMCID: PMC6134360 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies to simulate brain tumor progression, often investigate either temporal changes in cancer cell density or the overall tissue-level growth of the tumor mass. Here, we developed a computational model to bridge these two approaches. The model incorporates the tumor biomechanical response at the tissue level and accounts for cellular events by modeling cancer cell proliferation, infiltration to surrounding tissues, and invasion to distant locations. Moreover, acquisition of high resolution human data from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging and perfusion imaging was employed within the simulations towards a realistic and patient specific model. The model predicted the intratumoral mechanical stresses to range from 20 to 34 kPa, which caused an up to 4.5 mm displacement to the adjacent healthy tissue. Furthermore, the model predicted plausible cancer cell invasion patterns within the brain along the white matter fiber tracts. Finally, by varying the tumor vascular density and its invasive outer ring thickness, our model showed the potential of these parameters for guiding the timing (83–90 days) of cancer cell distant invasion as well as the number (0–2 sites) and location (temportal and/or parietal lobe) of the invasion sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelios Angeli
- Cancer Biophysics laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kyrre E Emblem
- Department of Diagnostic Physics, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paulina Due-Tonnessen
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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196
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthiv Kant Chaudhuri
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Level 9, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Boon Chuan Low
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Level 9, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Cell Signaling and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
- University Scholars Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138593, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Level 9, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research and Technology (BIGHEART), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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197
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Desmaison A, Guillaume L, Triclin S, Weiss P, Ducommun B, Lobjois V. Impact of physical confinement on nuclei geometry and cell division dynamics in 3D spheroids. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8785. [PMID: 29884887 PMCID: PMC5993719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicellular tumour spheroids are used as a culture model to reproduce the 3D architecture, proliferation gradient and cell interactions of a tumour micro-domain. However, their 3D characterization at the cell scale remains challenging due to size and cell density issues. In this study, we developed a methodology based on 3D light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) image analysis and convex hull calculation that allows characterizing the 3D shape and orientation of cell nuclei relative to the spheroid surface. By using this technique and optically cleared spheroids, we found that in freely growing spheroids, nuclei display an elongated shape and are preferentially oriented parallel to the spheroid surface. This geometry is lost when spheroids are grown in conditions of physical confinement. Live 3D LSFM analysis of cell division revealed that confined growth also altered the preferential cell division axis orientation parallel to the spheroid surface and induced prometaphase delay. These results provide key information and parameters that help understanding the impact of physical confinement on cell proliferation within tumour micro-domains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah Triclin
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Weiss
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- IMT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Ducommun
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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198
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Abstract
The concept that progression of cancer is regulated by interactions of cancer cells with their microenvironment was postulated by Stephen Paget over a century ago. Contemporary tumour microenvironment (TME) research focuses on the identification of tumour-interacting microenvironmental constituents, such as resident or infiltrating non-tumour cells, soluble factors and extracellular matrix components, and the large variety of mechanisms by which these constituents regulate and shape the malignant phenotype of tumour cells. In this Timeline article, we review the developmental phases of the TME paradigm since its initial description. While illuminating controversies, we discuss the importance of interactions between various microenvironmental components and tumour cells and provide an overview and assessment of therapeutic opportunities and modalities by which the TME can be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Maman
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Isaac P Witz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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199
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Gkretsi V, Stylianopoulos T. Cell Adhesion and Matrix Stiffness: Coordinating Cancer Cell Invasion and Metastasis. Front Oncol 2018; 8:145. [PMID: 29780748 PMCID: PMC5945811 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep process in which tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) and cancer cell cytoskeleton interactions are pivotal. ECM is connected, through integrins, to the cell’s adhesome at cell–ECM adhesion sites and through them to the actin cytoskeleton and various downstream signaling pathways that enable the cell to respond to external stimuli in a coordinated manner. Cues from cell-adhesion proteins are fundamental for defining the invasive potential of cancer cells, and many of these proteins have been proposed as potent targets for inhibiting cancer cell invasion and thus, metastasis. In addition, ECM accumulation is quite frequent within the tumor microenvironment leading in many cases to an intense fibrotic response, known as desmoplasia, and tumor stiffening. Stiffening is not only required for the tumor to be able to displace the host tissue and grow in size but also contributes to cell–ECM interactions and can promote cancer cell invasion to surrounding tissues. Here, we review the role of cell adhesion and matrix stiffness in cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Gkretsi
- Department of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Program, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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200
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Kazantseva J, Ivanov R, Gasik M, Neuman T, Hussainova I. Graphene-Augmented Nanofiber Scaffolds Trigger Gene Expression Switching of Four Cancer Cell Types. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1622-1629. [PMID: 30258984 PMCID: PMC6150649 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Three-dimensional
(3D) customized scaffolds are anticipated to
provide new frontiers in cell manipulation and advanced therapy methods.
Here, we demonstrate the application of hybrid 3D porous scaffolds,
representing networks of highly aligned self-assembled ceramic nanofibers,
for culturing four types of cancer cells. Ultrahigh aspect ratio (∼107) of graphene augmented fibers of tailored nanotopology is
shown as an alternative tool to substantially affect cancerous gene
expression, eventually due to differences in local biomechanical features
of the cell–matrix interactions. Here, we report a clear selective
up- and down-regulation of groups of markers for breast cancer (MDA-MB231),
colorectal cancer (CaCO2), melanoma (WM239A), and neuroblastoma (Kelly)
depending on only fiber orientation and morphology without application
of any other stimulus. Changes in gene expression are also revealed
for Mitomycin C treatment of MDA-MB231, making the scaffold a suitable
platform for testing of anticancer agents. This allows an opportunity
for selective “clean” guidance to a deep understanding
of mechanisms of cancer cells progressive growth and tumor formation
without possible side effects by manipulation with the specific markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Ivanov
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - Michael Gasik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Foundation, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Irina Hussainova
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia.,ITMO University, Kronverksky prospect 49, St. Petersburg 197101, Russian Federation
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