151
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López-Coria M, Sánchez-Nieto S. Trichoderma asperellum Induces Maize Seedling Growth by Activating the Plasma Membrane H +-ATPase. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2016; 29:797-806. [PMID: 27643387 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-16-0138-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Although Trichoderma spp. have beneficial effects on numerous plants, there is not enough knowledge about the mechanism by which they improves plant growth. In this study, we evaluated the participation of plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase, a key enzyme involved in promoting cell growth, in the elongation induced by T. asperellum and compared it with the effect of 10 μM indol acetic acid (IAA) because IAA promotes elongation and PM H+-ATPase activation. Two seed treatments were tested: biopriming and noncontact. In neither were the tissues colonized by T. asperellum; however, the seedlings were longer than the control seedlings, which also accumulated IAA and increased root acidification. An auxin transport inhibitor (2,3,5 triiodobenzoic acid) reduced the plant elongation induced by Trichoderma spp. T. asperellum seed treatment increased the PM H+-ATPase activity in plant roots and shoots. Additionally, the T. asperellum extracellular extract (TE) activated the PM H+-ATPase activity of microsomal fractions of control plants, although it contained 0.3 μM IAA. Furthermore, the mechanism of activation of PM H+-ATPase was different for IAA and TE; in the latter, the activation depends on the phosphorylation state of the enzyme, suggesting that, in addition to IAA, T. asperellum excretes other molecules that stimulate PM H+-ATPase to induce plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- M López-Coria
- 1 Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Conjunto E. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Coyoacán. México 04510, D.F., México; and
| | - S Sánchez-Nieto
- 1 Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Conjunto E. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Coyoacán. México 04510, D.F., México; and
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152
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Liu G, Gao S, Tian H, Wu W, Robert HS, Ding Z. Local Transcriptional Control of YUCCA Regulates Auxin Promoted Root-Growth Inhibition in Response to Aluminium Stress in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006360. [PMID: 27716807 PMCID: PMC5065128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin is necessary for the inhibition of root growth induced by aluminium (Al) stress, however the molecular mechanism controlling this is largely unknown. Here, we report that YUCCA (YUC), which encodes flavin monooxygenase-like proteins, regulates local auxin biosynthesis in the root apex transition zone (TZ) in response to Al stress. Al stress up-regulates YUC3/5/7/8/9 in the root-apex TZ, which we show results in the accumulation of auxin in the root-apex TZ and root-growth inhibition during the Al stress response. These Al-dependent changes in the regulation of YUCs in the root-apex TZ and YUC-regulated root growth inhibition are dependent on ethylene signalling. Increasing or disruption of ethylene signalling caused either enhanced or reduced up-regulation, respectively, of YUCs in root-apex TZ in response to Al stress. In addition, ethylene enhanced root growth inhibition under Al stress was strongly alleviated in yuc mutants or by co-treatment with yucasin, an inhibitor of YUC activity, suggesting a downstream role of YUCs in this process. Moreover, ethylene-insensitive 3 (EIN3) is involved into the direct regulation of YUC9 transcription in this process. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) functions as a transcriptional activator for YUC5/8/9. PIF4 promotes Al-inhibited primary root growth by regulating the local expression of YUCs and auxin signal in the root-apex TZ. The Al-induced expression of PIF4 in root TZ acts downstream of ethylene signalling. Taken together, our results highlight a regulatory cascade for YUCs-regulated local auxin biosynthesis in the root-apex TZ mediating root growth inhibition in response to Al stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hélène S. Robert
- Mendel Centre for Genomics and Proteomics of Plants Systems, CEITEC MU—Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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153
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Couzigou JM, Combier JP. Plant microRNAs: key regulators of root architecture and biotic interactions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 212:22-35. [PMID: 27292927 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Contents 22 I. 22 II. 24 III. 25 IV. 27 V. 29 VI. 10 31 References 32 SUMMARY: Plants have evolved a remarkable faculty of adaptation to deal with various and changing environmental conditions. In this context, the roots have taken over nutritional aspects and the root system architecture can be modulated in response to nutrient availability or biotic interactions with soil microorganisms. This adaptability requires a fine tuning of gene expression. Indeed, root specification and development are highly complex processes requiring gene regulatory networks involved in hormonal regulations and cell identity. Among the different molecular partners governing root development, microRNAs (miRNAs) are key players for the fast regulation of gene expression. miRNAs are small RNAs involved in most developmental processes and are required for the normal growth of organisms, by the negative regulation of key genes, such as transcription factors and hormone receptors. Here, we review the known roles of miRNAs in root specification and development, from the embryonic roots to the establishment of root symbioses, highlighting the major roles of miRNAs in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Malo Couzigou
- UMR5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, UPS, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Combier
- UMR5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, UPS, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
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154
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Koprivova A, Kopriva S. Hormonal control of sulfate uptake and assimilation. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 91:617-27. [PMID: 26810064 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones have a plethora of functions in control of plant development, stress response, and primary metabolism, including nutrient homeostasis. In the plant nutrition, the interplay of hormones with responses to nitrate and phosphate deficiency is well described, but relatively little is known about the interaction between phytohormones and regulation of sulfur metabolism. As for other nutrients, sulfate deficiency results in modulation of root architecture, where hormones are expected to play an important role. Accordingly, sulfate deficiency induces genes involved in metabolism of tryptophane and auxin. Also jasmonate biosynthesis is induced, pointing to the need of increase the defense capabilities of the plants when sulfur is limiting. However, hormones affect also sulfate uptake and assimilation. The pathway is coordinately induced by jasmonate and the key enzyme, adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase, is additionally regulated by ethylene, abscisic acid, nitric oxid, and other phytohormones. Perhaps the most intriguing link between hormones and sulfate assimilation is the fact that the main regulator of the response to sulfate starvation, SULFATE LIMITATION1 (SLIM1) belongs to the family of ethylene related transcription factors. We will review the current knowledge of interplay between phytohormones and control of sulfur metabolism and discuss the main open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koprivova
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
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155
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Van Norman JM. Asymmetry and cell polarity in root development. Dev Biol 2016; 419:165-174. [PMID: 27426272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Within living systems, striking juxtapositions in symmetry and asymmetry can be observed and the superficial appearance of symmetric organization often gives way to cellular asymmetries at higher resolution. It is frequently asymmetry and polarity that fascinate and challenge developmental biologists. In multicellular eukaryotes, cell polarity and asymmetry are essential for diverse cellular, tissue, and organismal level function and physiology and are particularly crucial for developmental processes. In plants, where cells are surrounded by rigid cell walls, asymmetric cell divisions are the foundation of pattern formation and differential cell fate specification. Thus, cellular asymmetry is a key feature of plant biology and in the plant root the consequences of these asymmetries are elegantly displayed. Yet despite the frequency of asymmetric (formative) cell divisions, cell/tissue polarity and the proposed roles for directional signaling in these processes, polarly localized proteins, beyond those involved in auxin or nutrient transport, are exceedingly rare. Indeed, although half of the asymmetric cell divisions in root patterning are oriented parallel to the axis of growth, laterally localized proteins directly involved in patterning are largely missing in action. Here, various asymmetric cell divisions and cellular and structural polarities observed in roots are highlighted and discussed in the context of the proposed roles for positional and/or directional signaling in these processes. The importance of directional signaling and the weight given to polarity in the root-shoot axis is contrasted with how little we currently understand about laterally oriented asymmetry and polarity in the root.
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156
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Sornay E, Dewitte W, Murray JAH. Seed size plasticity in response to embryonic lethality conferred by ectopic CYCD activation is dependent on plant architecture. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2016; 11:e1192741. [PMID: 27286190 PMCID: PMC4991333 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1192741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The size of seeds is the result of cell proliferation and growth in the three seed compartments: the embryo, endosperm and integuments. Targeting expression of the D-type cyclin CYCD7;1 to the central cell and early endosperm (FWA:CYCD7;1) triggered nuclear divisions and partial ovule abortion, reducing seed number in each silique and leading to increased seed size. A similar effect on seed size was observed with other segregating embryo lethal mutations, suggesting caution is needed in interpreting apparent seed size phenotypes. Here, we show that the positive effect of FWA:CYCD7;1 on Arabidopsis seed size is modulated by the architecture of the mother plant. Larger seeds were produced in FWA:CYCD7;1 lines with unmodified inflorescences, and also upon removal of side branches and axillary stems. This phenotype was absent from inflorescences with increased axillary floral stems produced by pruning of the main stem. Given this apparent confounding influence of resource allocation on transgenes effect, we conclude that plant architecture is a further important factor to consider in appraising seed phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Sornay
- Cardiff School Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
- CONTACT E. Sornay J.A.H. Murray Cardiff School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evasn Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - W. Dewitte
- Cardiff School Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - J. A. H. Murray
- Cardiff School Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
- CONTACT E. Sornay J.A.H. Murray Cardiff School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evasn Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
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157
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Carrió-Seguí À, Romero P, Sanz A, Peñarrubia L. Interaction Between ABA Signaling and Copper Homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:1568-1582. [PMID: 27328696 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ABA is involved in plant responses to non-optimal environmental conditions, including nutrient availability. Since copper (Cu) is a very important micronutrient, unraveling how ABA affects Cu uptake and distribution is relevant to ensure adequate Cu nutrition in plants subjected to stress conditions. Inversely, knowledge about how the plant nutritional status can interfere with ABA biosynthesis and signaling mechanisms is necessary to optimize stress tolerance in horticultural crops. Here the reciprocal influence between ABA and Cu content was addressed by using knockout mutants and overexpressing transgenic plants of high affinity plasma membrane Cu transporters (pmCOPT) with altered Cu uptake. Exogenous ABA inhibited pmCOPT expression and drastically modified COPT2-driven localization in roots. ABA regulated SPL7, the main transcription factor responsive for Cu deficiency responses, and subsequently affected expression of its targets. ABA biosynthesis (aba2) and signaling (hab1-1 abi1-2) mutants differentially responded to ABA according to Cu levels. Alteration of Cu homeostasis in the pmCOPT mutants affected ABA biosynthesis, transport and signaling as genes such as NCED3, WRKY40, HY5 and ABI5 were differentially modulated by Cu status, and also in the pmCOPT and ABA mutants. Altered Cu uptake resulted in modified plant sensitivity to salt-mediated increases in endogenous ABA. The overall results provide evidence for reciprocal cross-talk between Cu status and ABA metabolism and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Àngela Carrió-Seguí
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Paco Romero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Present address: Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Amparo Sanz
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
| | - Lola Peñarrubia
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
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158
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Defez R, Esposito R, Angelini C, Bianco C. Overproduction of Indole-3-Acetic Acid in Free-Living Rhizobia Induces Transcriptional Changes Resembling Those Occurring in Nodule Bacteroids. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2016; 29:484-95. [PMID: 27003799 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-16-0010-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Free-living bacteria grown under aerobic conditions were used to investigate, by next-generation RNA sequencing analysis, the transcriptional profiles of Sinorhizobium meliloti wild-type 1021 and its derivative, RD64, overproducing the main auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Among the upregulated genes in RD64 cells, we detected the main nitrogen-fixation regulator fixJ, the two intermediate regulators fixK and nifA, and several other genes known to be FixJ targets. The gene coding for the sigma factor RpoH1 and other genes involved in stress response, regulated in a RpoH1-dependent manner in S. meliloti, were also induced in RD64 cells. Under microaerobic condition, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the genes fixJL and nifA were up-regulated in RD64 cells as compared with 1021 cells. This work provided evidence that the overexpression of IAA in S. meliloti free-living cells induced many of the transcriptional changes that normally occur in nitrogen-fixing root nodule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Defez
- 1 Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Carmen Bianco
- 1 Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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159
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Phytohormones and their metabolic engineering for abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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160
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Chai C, Wang Y, Valliyodan B, Nguyen HT. Comprehensive Analysis of the Soybean (Glycine max) GmLAX Auxin Transporter Gene Family. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:282. [PMID: 27014306 PMCID: PMC4783406 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin plays a critical role in regulation of plant growth and development as well as plant responses to abiotic stresses. This is mainly achieved through its uneven distribution in plant via a polar auxin transport process. Auxin transporters are major players in polar auxin transport. The AUXIN RESISTENT 1/LIKE AUX1 (AUX/LAX) auxin influx carriers belong to the amino acid permease family of proton-driven transporters and function in the uptake of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). In this study, genome-wide comprehensive analysis of the soybean AUX/LAX (GmLAX) gene family, including phylogenic relationships, chromosome localization, and gene structure, was carried out. A total of 15 GmLAX genes, including seven duplicated gene pairs, were identified in the soybean genome. They were distributed on 10 chromosomes. Despite their higher percentage identities at the protein level, GmLAXs exhibited versatile tissue-specific expression patterns, indicating coordinated functioning during plant growth and development. Most GmLAXs were responsive to drought and dehydration stresses and auxin and abscisic acid (ABA) stimuli, in a tissue- and/or time point- sensitive mode. Several GmLAX members were involved in responding to salt stress. Sequence analysis revealed that promoters of GmLAXs contained different combinations of stress-related cis-regulatory elements. These studies suggest that the soybean GmLAXs were under control of a very complex regulatory network, responding to various internal and external signals. This study helps to identity candidate GmLAXs for further analysis of their roles in soybean development and adaption to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henry T. Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of MissouriColumbia, MO, USA
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161
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Müller CJ, Valdés AE, Wang G, Ramachandran P, Beste L, Uddenberg D, Carlsbecker A. PHABULOSA Mediates an Auxin Signaling Loop to Regulate Vascular Patterning in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:956-70. [PMID: 26637548 PMCID: PMC4734557 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant vascular tissues, xylem and phloem, differentiate in distinct patterns from procambial cells as an integral transport system for water, sugars, and signaling molecules. Procambium formation is promoted by high auxin levels activating class III homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-ZIP III) transcription factors (TFs). In the root of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), HD-ZIP III TFs dose-dependently govern the patterning of the xylem axis, with higher levels promoting metaxylem cell identity in the central axis and lower levels promoting protoxylem at its flanks. It is unclear, however, by what mechanisms the HD-ZIP III TFs control xylem axis patterning. Here, we present data suggesting that an important mechanism is their ability to moderate the auxin response. We found that changes in HD-ZIP III TF levels affect the expression of genes encoding core auxin response molecules. We show that one of the HD-ZIP III TFs, PHABULOSA, directly binds the promoter of both MONOPTEROS (MP)/AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR5, a key factor in vascular formation, and IAA20, encoding an auxin/indole acetic acid protein that is stable in the presence of auxin and able to interact with and repress MP activity. The double mutant of IAA20 and its closest homolog IAA30 forms ectopic protoxylem, while overexpression of IAA30 causes discontinuous protoxylem and occasional ectopic metaxylem, similar to a weak loss-of-function mp mutant. Our results provide evidence that HD-ZIP III TFs directly affect the auxin response and mediate a feed-forward loop formed by MP and IAA20 that may focus and stabilize the auxin response during vascular patterning and the differentiation of xylem cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Joy Müller
- Physiological Botany, Department of Organismal Biology and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, SE-756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ana Elisa Valdés
- Physiological Botany, Department of Organismal Biology and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, SE-756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Guodong Wang
- Physiological Botany, Department of Organismal Biology and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, SE-756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Prashanth Ramachandran
- Physiological Botany, Department of Organismal Biology and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, SE-756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lisa Beste
- Physiological Botany, Department of Organismal Biology and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, SE-756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Uddenberg
- Physiological Botany, Department of Organismal Biology and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, SE-756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annelie Carlsbecker
- Physiological Botany, Department of Organismal Biology and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, SE-756 51 Uppsala, Sweden
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162
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Zhu L, Zheng C, Liu R, Song A, Zhang Z, Xin J, Jiang J, Chen S, Zhang F, Fang W, Chen F. Chrysanthemum transcription factor CmLBD1 direct lateral root formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20009. [PMID: 26819087 PMCID: PMC4730235 DOI: 10.1038/srep20009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-specific LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (LBD) genes are important regulators of growth and development. Here, a chrysanthemum class I LBD transcription factor gene, designated CmLBD1, was isolated and its function verified. CmLBD1 was transcribed in both the root and stem, but not in the leaf. The gene responded to auxin and was shown to participate in the process of adventitious root primordium formation. Its heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana increased the number of lateral roots formed. When provided with exogenous auxin, lateral root emergence was promoted. CmLBD1 expression also favored callus formation from A. thaliana root explants in the absence of exogenously supplied phytohormones. In planta, CmLBD1 probably acts as a positive regulator of the response to auxin fluctuations and connects auxin signaling with lateral root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Aiping Song
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaohe Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingjing Xin
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weimin Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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163
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Shavrukov Y, Hirai Y. Good and bad protons: genetic aspects of acidity stress responses in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:15-30. [PMID: 26417020 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Physiological aspects of acidity stress in plants (synonymous with H(+) rhizotoxicity or low-pH stress) have long been a focus of research, in particular with respect to acidic soils where aluminium and H(+) rhizotoxicities often co-occur. However, toxic H(+) and Al(3+) elicit different response mechanisms in plants, and it is important to consider their effects separately. The primary aim of this review was to provide the current state of knowledge regarding the genetics of the specific reactions to low-pH stress in growing plants. A comparison of the results gleaned from quantitative trait loci analysis and global transcriptome profiling of plants in response to high proton concentrations revealed a two-stage genetic response: (i) in the short-term, proton pump H(+)-ATPases present the first barrier in root cells, allocating an excess of H(+) into either the apoplast or vacuole; the ensuing defence signaling system involves auxin, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate, which subsequently initiate expression of STOP and DREB transcription factors as well as chaperone ROF; (2) the long-term response includes other genes, such as alternative oxidase and type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, which act to detoxify dangerous reactive oxygen species in mitochondria, and help plants better manage the stress. A range of transporter genes including those for nitrate (NTR1), malate (ALMT1), and heavy metals are often up-regulated by H(+) rhizotoxicity. Expansins, cell-wall-related genes, the γ-aminobutyric acid shunt and biochemical pH-stat genes also reflect changes in cell metabolism and biochemistry in acidic conditions. However, the genetics underlying the acidity stress response of plants is complicated and only fragmentally understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Shavrukov
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Yoshihiko Hirai
- The Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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164
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Poupin MJ, Greve M, Carmona V, Pinedo I. A Complex Molecular Interplay of Auxin and Ethylene Signaling Pathways Is Involved in Arabidopsis Growth Promotion by Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:492. [PMID: 27148317 PMCID: PMC4828629 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of phytohormones homeostasis is one of the proposed mechanisms to explain plant growth promotion induced by beneficial rhizobacteria (PGPR). However, there is still limited knowledge about the molecular signals and pathways underlying these beneficial interactions. Even less is known concerning the interplay between phytohormones in plants inoculated with PGPR. Auxin and ethylene are crucial hormones in the control of plant growth and development, and recent studies report an important and complex crosstalk between them in the regulation of different plant developmental processes. The objective of this work was to study the role of both hormones in the growth promotion of Arabidopsis thaliana plants induced by the well-known PGPR Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN. For this, the spatiotemporal expression patterns of several genes related to auxin biosynthesis, perception and response and ethylene biosynthesis were studied, finding that most of these genes showed specific transcriptional regulations after inoculation in roots and shoots. PsJN-growth promotion was not observed in Arabidopsis mutants with an impaired ethylene (ein2-1) or auxin (axr1-5) signaling. Even, PsJN did not promote growth in an ethylene overproducer (eto2), indicating that a fine regulation of both hormones signaling and homeostasis is necessary to induce growth of the aerial and root tissues. Auxin polar transport is also involved in growth promotion, since PsJN did not promote primary root growth in the pin2 mutant or under chemical inhibition of transport in wild type plants. Finally, a key role for ethylene biosynthesis was found in the PsJN-mediated increase in root hair number. These results not only give new insights of PGPR regulation of plant growth but also are also useful to understand key aspects of Arabidopsis growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Poupin
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezSantiago, Chile
- Center for Applied Ecology and SustainabilitySantiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus Center for Plant Systems and Synthetic BiologySantiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: María J. Poupin,
| | - Macarena Greve
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezSantiago, Chile
- Center for Applied Ecology and SustainabilitySantiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus Center for Plant Systems and Synthetic BiologySantiago, Chile
| | - Vicente Carmona
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezSantiago, Chile
- Center for Applied Ecology and SustainabilitySantiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus Center for Plant Systems and Synthetic BiologySantiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Pinedo
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezSantiago, Chile
- Center for Applied Ecology and SustainabilitySantiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus Center for Plant Systems and Synthetic BiologySantiago, Chile
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165
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Chai C, Subudhi PK. Comprehensive Analysis and Expression Profiling of the OsLAX and OsABCB Auxin Transporter Gene Families in Rice (Oryza sativa) under Phytohormone Stimuli and Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:593. [PMID: 27200061 PMCID: PMC4853607 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone auxin regulates many aspects of plant growth and developmental processes. Auxin gradient is formed in plant as a result of polar auxin transportation by three types of auxin transporters such as OsLAX, OsPIN, and OsABCB. We report here the analysis of two rice auxin transporter gene families, OsLAX and OsABCB, using bioinformatics tools, publicly accessible microarray data, and quantitative RT-PCR. There are 5 putative OsLAXs and 22 putative OsABCBs in rice genome, which were mapped on 8 chromosomes. The exon-intron structure of OsLAX genes and properties of deduced proteins were relatively conserved within grass family, while that of OsABCB genes varied greatly. Both constitutive and organ/tissue specific expression patterns were observed in OsLAXs and OsABCBs. Analysis of evolutionarily closely related "gene pairs" together with organ/tissue specific expression revealed possible "function gaining" and "function losing" events during rice evolution. Most OsLAX and OsABCB genes were regulated by drought and salt stress, as well as hormonal stimuli [auxin and Abscisic Acid (ABA)], which suggests extensive crosstalk between abiotic stresses and hormone signaling pathways. The existence of large number of auxin and stress related cis-regulatory elements in promoter regions might account for their massive responsiveness of these genes to these environmental stimuli, indicating complexity of regulatory networks involved in various developmental and physiological processes. The comprehensive analysis of OsLAX and OsABCB auxin transporter genes in this study would be helpful for understanding the biological significance of these gene families in hormone signaling and adaptation of rice plants to unfavorable environments.
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166
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Huang S, Chen S, Liang Z, Zhang C, Yan M, Chen J, Xu G, Fan X, Zhang Y. Knockdown of the partner protein OsNAR2.1 for high-affinity nitrate transport represses lateral root formation in a nitrate-dependent manner. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18192. [PMID: 26644084 PMCID: PMC4672285 DOI: 10.1038/srep18192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphological plasticity of root systems is critical for plant survival, and understanding the mechanisms underlying root adaptation to nitrogen (N) fluctuation is critical for sustainable agriculture; however, the molecular mechanism of N-dependent root growth in rice remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the role of the complementary high-affinity NO3− transport protein OsNAR2.1 in NO3−-regulated rice root growth. Comparisons with wild-type (WT) plants showed that knockdown of OsNAR2.1 inhibited lateral root (LR) formation under low NO3− concentrations, but not under low NH4+ concentrations. 15N-labelling NO3− supplies (provided at concentrations of 0–10 mM) demonstrated that (i) defects in LR formation in mutants subjected to low external NO3− concentrations resulted from impaired NO3− uptake, and (ii) the mutants had significantly fewer LRs than the WT plants when root N contents were similar between genotypes. LR formation in osnar2.1 mutants was less sensitive to localised NO3− supply than LR formation in WT plants, suggesting that OsNAR2.1 may be involved in a NO3−-signalling pathway that controls LR formation. Knockdown of OsNAR2.1 inhibited LR formation by decreasing auxin transport from shoots to roots. Thus, OsNAR2.1 probably functions in both NO3− uptake and NO3−-signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Si Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Chenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
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167
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Wang Y, Chai C, Valliyodan B, Maupin C, Annen B, Nguyen HT. Genome-wide analysis and expression profiling of the PIN auxin transporter gene family in soybean (Glycine max). BMC Genomics 2015; 16:951. [PMID: 26572792 PMCID: PMC4647520 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant phytohormone auxin controls many aspects of plant growth and development, which largely depends on its uneven distribution in plant tissues. Transmembrane proteins of the PIN family are auxin efflux facilitators. They play a key role in polar auxin transport and are associated with auxin asymmetrical distribution in plants. PIN genes have been characterized in several plant species, while comprehensive analysis of this gene family in soybean has not been reported yet. RESULTS In this study, twenty-three members of the PIN gene family were identified in the soybean genome through homology searches. Analysis of chromosome distribution and phylogenetic relationships of the soybean PIN genes indicated nine pairs of duplicated genes and a legume specific subfamily. Organ/tissue expression patterns and promoter activity assays of the soybean PINs suggested redundant functions for most duplicated genes and complementary and tissue-specific functions during development for non-duplicated genes. The soybean PIN genes were differentially regulated by various abiotic stresses and phytohormone stimuli, implying crosstalk between auxin and abiotic stress signaling pathways. This was further supported by the altered auxin distribution under these conditions as revealed by DR5::GUS transgenic soybean hairy root. Our data indicates that GmPIN9, a legume-specific PIN gene, which was responsive to several abiotic stresses, might play a role in auxin re-distribution in soybean root under abiotic stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study provided the first comprehensive analysis of the soybean PIN gene family. Information on phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, protein profiles and expression profiles of the soybean PIN genes in different tissues and under various abiotic stress treatments helps to identity candidates with potential roles in specific developmental processes and/or environmental stress conditions. Our study advances our understanding of plant responses to abiotic stresses and serves as a basis for uncovering the biological role of PIN genes in soybean development and adaption to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Wang
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Chenglin Chai
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Babu Valliyodan
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Christine Maupin
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Brad Annen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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168
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Baldan E, Nigris S, Romualdi C, D’Alessandro S, Clocchiatti A, Zottini M, Stevanato P, Squartini A, Baldan B. Beneficial Bacteria Isolated from Grapevine Inner Tissues Shape Arabidopsis thaliana Roots. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140252. [PMID: 26473358 PMCID: PMC4652591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the potential plant growth-promoting traits of 377 culturable endophytic bacteria, isolated from Vitis vinifera cv. Glera, as good biofertilizer candidates in vineyard management. Endophyte ability in promoting plant growth was assessed in vitro by testing ammonia production, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and IAA-like molecule biosynthesis, siderophore and lytic enzyme secretion. Many of the isolates were able to mobilize phosphate (33%), release ammonium (39%), secrete siderophores (38%) and a limited part of them synthetized IAA and IAA-like molecules (5%). Effects of each of the 377 grapevine beneficial bacteria on Arabidopsis thaliana root development were also analyzed to discern plant growth-promoting abilities (PGP) of the different strains, that often exhibit more than one PGP trait. A supervised model-based clustering analysis highlighted six different classes of PGP effects on root architecture. A. thaliana DR5::GUS plantlets, inoculated with IAA-producing endophytes, resulted in altered root growth and enhanced auxin response. Overall, the results indicate that the Glera PGP endospheric culturable microbiome could contribute, by structural root changes, to obtain water and nutrients increasing plant adaptation and survival. From the complete cultivable collection, twelve promising endophytes mainly belonging to the Bacillus but also to Micrococcus and Pantoea genera, were selected for further investigations in the grapevine host plants towards future application in sustainable management of vineyards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Baldan
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Nigris
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Romualdi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Anna Clocchiatti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Zottini
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Dipartimento DAFNAE - Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Dipartimento DAFNAE - Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Barbara Baldan
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
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169
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Feng S, Yue R, Tao S, Yang Y, Zhang L, Xu M, Wang H, Shen C. Genome-wide identification, expression analysis of auxin-responsive GH3 family genes in maize (Zea mays L.) under abiotic stresses. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 57:783-95. [PMID: 25557253 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is involved in different aspects of plant growth and development by regulating the expression of auxin-responsive family genes. As one of the three major auxin-responsive families, GH3 (Gretchen Hagen3) genes participate in auxin homeostasis by catalyzing auxin conjugation and bounding free indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to amino acids. However, how GH3 genes function in responses to abiotic stresses and various hormones in maize is largely unknown. Here, the latest updated maize (Zea mays L.) reference genome sequence was used to characterize and analyze the ZmGH3 family genes from maize. The results showed that 13 ZmGH3 genes were mapped on five maize chromosomes (total 10 chromosomes). Highly diversified gene structures and tissue-specific expression patterns suggested the possibility of function diversification for these genes in response to environmental stresses and hormone stimuli. The expression patterns of ZmGH3 genes are responsive to several abiotic stresses (salt, drought and cadmium) and major stress-related hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid). Various environmental factors suppress auxin free IAA contents in maize roots suggesting that these abiotic stresses and hormones might alter GH3-mediated auxin levels. The responsiveness of ZmGH3 genes to a wide range of abiotic stresses and stress-related hormones suggested that ZmGH3s are involved in maize tolerance to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangguo Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Runqing Yue
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | | | - Yanjun Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA
| | - Mingfeng Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
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170
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De Smet S, Cuypers A, Vangronsveld J, Remans T. Gene Networks Involved in Hormonal Control of Root Development in Arabidopsis thaliana: A Framework for Studying Its Disturbance by Metal Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:19195-224. [PMID: 26287175 PMCID: PMC4581294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160819195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant survival under abiotic stress conditions requires morphological and physiological adaptations. Adverse soil conditions directly affect root development, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely to be discovered. Plant hormones regulate normal root growth and mediate root morphological responses to abiotic stress. Hormone synthesis, signal transduction, perception and cross-talk create a complex network in which metal stress can interfere, resulting in root growth alterations. We focus on Arabidopsis thaliana, for which gene networks in root development have been intensively studied, and supply essential terminology of anatomy and growth of roots. Knowledge of gene networks, mechanisms and interactions related to the role of plant hormones is reviewed. Most knowledge has been generated for auxin, the best-studied hormone with a pronounced primary role in root development. Furthermore, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, strigolactones, brassinosteroids and salicylic acid are discussed. Interactions between hormones that are of potential importance for root growth are described. This creates a framework that can be used for investigating the impact of abiotic stress factors on molecular mechanisms related to plant hormones, with the limited knowledge of the effects of the metals cadmium, copper and zinc on plant hormones and root development included as case example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie De Smet
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Environmental Biology, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Environmental Biology, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Environmental Biology, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Tony Remans
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Environmental Biology, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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171
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Naseem M, Kaltdorf M, Dandekar T. The nexus between growth and defence signalling: auxin and cytokinin modulate plant immune response pathways. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:4885-96. [PMID: 26109575 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants deploy a finely tuned balance between growth and defence responses for better fitness. Crosstalk between defence signalling hormones such as salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonates (JAs) as well as growth regulators plays a significant role in mediating the trade-off between growth and defence in plants. Here, we specifically discuss how the mutual antagonism between the signalling of auxin and SA impacts on plant growth and defence. Furthermore, the synergism between auxin and JA benefits a class of plant pathogens. JA signalling also poses growth cuts through auxin. We discuss how the effect of cytokinins (CKs) is multifaceted and is effective against a broad range of pathogens in mediating immunity. The synergism between CKs and SA promotes defence against biotrophs. Reciprocally, SA inhibits CK-mediated growth responses. Recent reports show that CKs promote JA responses; however, in a feedback loop, JA suppresses CK responses. We also highlight crosstalk between auxin and CKs and discuss their antagonistic effects on plant immunity. Efforts to minimize the negative effects of auxin on immunity and a reduction in SA- and JA-mediated growth losses should lead to better sustainable plant protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naseem
- Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Group, Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Kaltdorf
- Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Group, Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Group, Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
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172
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Jung H, Lee DK, Choi YD, Kim JK. OsIAA6, a member of the rice Aux/IAA gene family, is involved in drought tolerance and tiller outgrowth. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 236:304-12. [PMID: 26025543 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Auxin signaling is a fundamental part of many plant growth processes and stress responses and operates through Aux/IAA protein degradation and the transmission of the signal via auxin response factors (ARFs). A total of 31 Aux/IAA genes have been identified in rice (Oryza sativa), some of which are induced by drought stress. However, the mechanistic link between Aux/IAA expression and drought responses is not well understood. In this study we found that the rice Aux/IAA gene OsIAA6 is highly induced by drought stress and that its overexpression in transgenic rice improved drought tolerance, likely via the regulation of auxin biosynthesis genes. We observed that OsIAA6 was specifically expressed in the axillary meristem of the basal stem, which is the tissue that gives rise to tillers. A knock-down mutant of OsIAA6 showed abnormal tiller outgrowth, apparently due to the regulation of the auxin transporter OsPIN1 and the rice tillering inhibitor OsTB1. Our results confirm that the OsIAA6 gene is involved in drought stress responses and the control of tiller outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harin Jung
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Keun Lee
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yang Do Choi
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Republic of Korea; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju-Kon Kim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Republic of Korea.
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173
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Contreras-Cornejo HA, López-Bucio JS, Méndez-Bravo A, Macías-Rodríguez L, Ramos-Vega M, Guevara-García ÁA, López-Bucio J. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 6 and Ethylene and Auxin Signaling Pathways Are Involved in Arabidopsis Root-System Architecture Alterations by Trichoderma atroviride. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2015; 28:701-10. [PMID: 26067203 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-15-0005-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma atroviride is a symbiotic fungus that interacts with roots and stimulates plant growth and defense. Here, we show that Arabidopsis seedlings cocultivated with T. atroviride have an altered root architecture and greater biomass compared with axenically grown seedlings. These effects correlate with increased activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6). The primary roots of mpk6 mutants showed an enhanced growth inhibition by T. atroviride when compared with wild-type (WT) plants, while T. atroviride increases MPK6 activity in WT roots. It was also found that T. atroviride produces ethylene (ET), which increases with l-methionine supply to the fungal growth medium. Analysis of growth and development of WT seedlings and etr1, ein2, and ein3 ET-related Arabidopsis mutants indicates a role for ET in root responses to the fungus, since etr1 and ein2 mutants show defective root-hair induction and enhanced primary-root growth inhibition when cocultivated with T. atroviride. Increased MPK6 activity was evidenced in roots of ctr1 mutants, which correlated with repression of primary root growth, thus connecting MPK6 signaling with an ET response pathway. Auxin-inducible gene expression analysis using the DR5:uidA reporter construct further revealed that ET affects auxin signaling through the central regulator CTR1 and that fungal-derived compounds, such as indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-acetaldehyde, induce MPK6 activity. Our results suggest that T. atroviride likely alters root-system architecture modulating MPK6 activity and ET and auxin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexon Angel Contreras-Cornejo
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria. C. P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Jesús Salvador López-Bucio
- 2 Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, 62250 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Alejandro Méndez-Bravo
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria. C. P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Lourdes Macías-Rodríguez
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria. C. P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Maricela Ramos-Vega
- 2 Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, 62250 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ángel Arturo Guevara-García
- 2 Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, 62250 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - José López-Bucio
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria. C. P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
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174
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Ahrazem O, Rubio-Moraga A, Trapero-Mozos A, Climent MFL, Gómez-Cadenas A, Gómez-Gómez L. Ectopic expression of a stress-inducible glycosyltransferase from saffron enhances salt and oxidative stress tolerance in Arabidopsis while alters anchor root formation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 234:60-73. [PMID: 25804810 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases play diverse roles in cellular metabolism by modifying the activities of regulatory metabolites. Three stress-regulated UDP-glucosyltransferase-encoding genes have been isolated from the stigmas of saffron, UGT85U1, UGT85U2 and UGT85V1, which belong to the UGT85 family that includes members associated with stress responses and cell cycle regulation. Arabidopsis constitutively expressing UGT85U1 exhibited and increased anchor root development. No differences were observed in the timing of root emergence, in leaf, stem and flower morphology or flowering time. However, salt and oxidative stress tolerance was enhanced in these plants. Levels of glycosylated compounds were measured in these plants and showed changes in the composition of several indole-derivatives. Moreover, auxin levels in the roots were higher compared to wild type. The expression of several key genes related to root development and auxin homeostasis, including CDKB2.1, CDKB2.2, PIN2, 3 and 4; TIR1, SHR, and CYCD6, were differentially regulated with an increase of expression level of SHR, CYCD6, CDKB2.1 and PIN2. The obtained results showed that UGT85U1 takes part in root growth regulation via auxin signal alteration and the modified expression of cell cycle-related genes, resulting in significantly improved survival during oxidative and salt stress treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Ahrazem
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Albacete, Spain
| | - Angela Rubio-Moraga
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Almudena Trapero-Mozos
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Universitat Jaume I, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Lourdes Gómez-Gómez
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
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175
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Kazan K. Diverse roles of jasmonates and ethylene in abiotic stress tolerance. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 20:219-29. [PMID: 25731753 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) and ethylene (ET), often acting cooperatively, play essential roles in regulating plant defense against pests and pathogens. Recent research reviewed here has revealed mechanistic new insights into the mode of action of these hormones in plant abiotic stress tolerance. During cold stress, JAs and ET differentially regulate the C-repeat binding factor (CBF) pathway. Major JA and ET signaling hubs such as JAZ proteins, CTR1, MYC2, components of the mediator complex, EIN2, EIN3, and several members of the AP2/ERF transcription factor gene family all have complex regulatory roles during abiotic stress adaptation. Better understanding the roles of these phytohormones in plant abiotic stress tolerance will contribute to the development of crop plants tolerant to a wide range of stressful environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Kazan
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Agriculture Flagship, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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176
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Champion A, Lucas M, Tromas A, Vaissayre V, Crabos A, Diédhiou I, Prodjinoto H, Moukouanga D, Pirolles E, Cissoko M, Bonneau J, Gherbi H, Franche C, Hocher V, Svistoonoff S, Laplaze L. Inhibition of auxin signaling in Frankia species-infected cells in Casuarina glauca nodules leads to increased nodulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 167:1149-57. [PMID: 25627215 PMCID: PMC4348781 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.255307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Actinorhizal symbioses are mutualistic interactions between plants and the soil bacteria Frankia spp. that lead to the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. The plant hormone auxin has been suggested to play a role in the mechanisms that control the establishment of this symbiosis in the actinorhizal tree Casuarina glauca. Here, we analyzed the role of auxin signaling in Frankia spp.-infected cells. Using a dominant-negative version of an endogenous auxin-signaling regulator, INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID7, we established that inhibition of auxin signaling in these cells led to increased nodulation and, as a consequence, to higher nitrogen fixation per plant even if nitrogen fixation per nodule mass was similar to that in the wild type. Our results suggest that auxin signaling in Frankia spp.-infected cells is involved in the long-distance regulation of nodulation in actinorhizal symbioses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Champion
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mikael Lucas
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Alexandre Tromas
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Virginie Vaissayre
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Amandine Crabos
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Issa Diédhiou
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Hermann Prodjinoto
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Daniel Moukouanga
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Elodie Pirolles
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Maïmouna Cissoko
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Jocelyne Bonneau
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Hassen Gherbi
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Claudine Franche
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Valérie Hocher
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Sergio Svistoonoff
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Laurent Laplaze
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Université Montpellier 2, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France (A.C., M.L., A.T., V.V., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.); andLaboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (A.C., M.L., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., D.M., E.P., M.C., J.B., H.G., C.F., V.H., S.S., L.L.) and Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop (A.C., A.T., A.C., I.D., H.P., M.C., S.S., L.L.), Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal
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177
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Zhang B, Wang Q. MicroRNA-based biotechnology for plant improvement. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1-15. [PMID: 24909308 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of newly discovered endogenous small RNAs, which negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcription levels. As the application of next-generation deep sequencing and advanced bioinformatics, the miRNA-related study has been expended to non-model plant species and the number of identified miRNAs has dramatically increased in the past years. miRNAs play a critical role in almost all biological and metabolic processes, and provide a unique strategy for plant improvement. Here, we first briefly review the discovery, history, and biogenesis of miRNAs, then focus more on the application of miRNAs on plant breeding and the future directions. Increased plant biomass through controlling plant development and phase change has been one achievement for miRNA-based biotechnology; plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress was also significantly enhanced by regulating the expression of an individual miRNA. Both endogenous and artificial miRNAs may serve as important tools for plant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; Henan Institute of Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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178
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Bhardwaj D, Medici A, Gojon A, Lacombe B, Tuteja N. A new insight into root responses to external cues: Paradigm shift in nutrient sensing. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1049791. [PMID: 26146897 PMCID: PMC4854350 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1049791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants are sessile and their growth relies on nutrients present in the soil. The acquisition of nutrients is challenging for plants. Phosphate and nitrate sensing and signaling cascades play significant role during adverse conditions of nutrient unavailability. Therefore, it is important to dissect the mechanism by which plant roots acquire nutrients from the soil. Root system architecture (RSA) exhibits extensive developmental flexibility and changes during nutrient stress conditions. Growth of root system in response to external concentration of nutrients is a joint operation of sensor or receptor proteins along with several other cytoplasmic accessory proteins. After nutrient sensing, sensor proteins start the cellular relay involving transcription factors, kinases, ubiquitin ligases and miRNA. The complexity of nutrient sensing is still nebulous and many new players need to be better studied. This review presents a survey of recent paradigm shift in the advancements in nutrient sensing in relation to plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bhardwaj
- International Center for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg; New Delhi, India
| | - Anna Medici
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes; UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM; Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes “Claude Grignon”; Montpellier cedex, France
| | - Alain Gojon
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes; UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM; Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes “Claude Grignon”; Montpellier cedex, France
| | - Benoît Lacombe
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes; UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM; Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes “Claude Grignon”; Montpellier cedex, France
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- International Center for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg; New Delhi, India
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179
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Peñarrubia L, Romero P, Carrió-Seguí A, Andrés-Bordería A, Moreno J, Sanz A. Temporal aspects of copper homeostasis and its crosstalk with hormones. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:255. [PMID: 25941529 PMCID: PMC4400860 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
To cope with the dual nature of copper as being essential and toxic for cells, plants temporarily adapt the expression of copper homeostasis components to assure its delivery to cuproproteins while avoiding the interference of potential oxidative damage derived from both copper uptake and photosynthetic reactions during light hours. The circadian clock participates in the temporal organization of coordination of plant nutrition adapting metabolic responses to the daily oscillations. This timely control improves plant fitness and reproduction and holds biotechnological potential to drive increased crop yields. Hormonal pathways, including those of abscisic acid, gibberellins, ethylene, auxins, and jasmonates are also under direct clock and light control, both in mono and dicotyledons. In this review, we focus on copper transport in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa and the presumable role of hormones in metal homeostasis matching nutrient availability to growth requirements and preventing metal toxicity. The presence of putative hormone-dependent regulatory elements in the promoters of copper transporters genes suggests hormonal regulation to match special copper requirements during plant development. Spatial and temporal processes that can be affected by hormones include the regulation of copper uptake into roots, intracellular trafficking and compartmentalization, and long-distance transport to developing vegetative and reproductive tissues. In turn, hormone biosynthesis and signaling are also influenced by copper availability, which suggests reciprocal regulation subjected to temporal control by the central oscillator of the circadian clock. This transcriptional regulatory network, coordinates environmental and hormonal signaling with developmental pathways to allow enhanced micronutrient acquisition efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Peñarrubia
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, ValenciaSpain
- *Correspondence: Lola Peñarrubia, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Avenida Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paco Romero
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, ValenciaSpain
| | - Angela Carrió-Seguí
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, ValenciaSpain
| | - Amparo Andrés-Bordería
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, ValenciaSpain
| | - Joaquín Moreno
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, ValenciaSpain
| | - Amparo Sanz
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Valencia, ValenciaSpain
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180
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Genome-wide identification, expression analysis of GH3 family genes in Medicago truncatula under stress-related hormones and Sinorhizobium meliloti infection. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:841-54. [PMID: 25529315 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6311-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Auxin plays a pivotal role in the regulation of plant growth and development by controlling the expression of auxin response genes rapidly. As one of the major auxin early response gene families, Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) genes are involved in auxin homeostasis by conjugating excess auxins to amino acids. However, how GH3 genes function in environmental stresses and rhizobial infection responses in Medicago truncatula are largely unknown. Here, based on the latest updated M. truncatula genome, a comprehensive identification and expression profiling analysis of MtGH3 genes were performed. Our data showed that most of MtGH3 genes were expressed in tissue-specific manner and were responsive to environmental stress-related hormones. To understand the possible roles of MtGH3 genes involved in symbiosis establishment between M. truncatula and symbiotic bacteria, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to test the expressions of MtGH3 genes during the early phase of Sinorhizobium meliloti infection. The expression levels of most MtGH3 genes were upregulated in shoots and downregulated in roots by S. meliloti infection. The differences in expression responses to S. meliloti infection between roots and shoots were in agreement with the results of free indoleacetic acid (IAA) content measurements. The identification and expression analysis of MtGH3 genes at the early phase of S. meliloti infection may help us to understand the role of GH3-mediated IAA homeostasis in the regulation of nodule formation in model legumes M. truncatula.
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181
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Dawood MG. Alleviation of salinity stress on Vicia faba L. plants via seed priming with melatonin. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2014. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v20n2.43291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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182
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Yu LH, Miao ZQ, Qi GF, Wu J, Cai XT, Mao JL, Xiang CB. MADS-box transcription factor AGL21 regulates lateral root development and responds to multiple external and physiological signals. MOLECULAR PLANT 2014; 7:1653-1669. [PMID: 25122697 PMCID: PMC4228986 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssu088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant root system morphology is dramatically influenced by various environmental cues. The adaptation of root system architecture to environmental constraints, which mostly depends on the formation and growth of lateral roots, is an important agronomic trait. Lateral root development is regulated by the external signals coordinating closely with intrinsic signaling pathways. MADS-box transcription factors are known key regulators of the transition to flowering and flower development. However, their functions in root development are still poorly understood. Here we report that AGL21, an AGL17-clade MADS-box gene, plays a crucial role in lateral root development. AGL21 was highly expressed in root, particularly in the root central cylinder and lateral root primordia. AGL21 overexpression plants produced more and longer lateral roots while agl21 mutants showed impaired lateral root development, especially under nitrogen-deficient conditions. AGL21 was induced by many plant hormones and environmental stresses, suggesting a function of this gene in root system plasticity in response to various signals. Furthermore, AGL21 was found positively regulating auxin accumulation in lateral root primordia and lateral roots by enhancing local auxin biosynthesis, thus stimulating lateral root initiation and growth. We propose that AGL21 may be involved in various environmental and physiological signals-mediated lateral root development and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hui Yu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Zi-Qing Miao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Guo-Feng Qi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Xiao-Teng Cai
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Jie-Li Mao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
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183
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Huot B, Yao J, Montgomery BL, He SY. Growth-defense tradeoffs in plants: a balancing act to optimize fitness. MOLECULAR PLANT 2014; 7:1267-1287. [PMID: 24777989 PMCID: PMC4168297 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssu049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 828] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Growth-defense tradeoffs are thought to occur in plants due to resource restrictions, which demand prioritization towards either growth or defense, depending on external and internal factors. These tradeoffs have profound implications in agriculture and natural ecosystems, as both processes are vital for plant survival, reproduction, and, ultimately, plant fitness. While many of the molecular mechanisms underlying growth and defense tradeoffs remain to be elucidated, hormone crosstalk has emerged as a major player in regulating tradeoffs needed to achieve a balance. In this review, we cover recent advances in understanding growth-defense tradeoffs in plants as well as what is known regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Specifically, we address evidence supporting the growth-defense tradeoff concept, as well as known interactions between defense signaling and growth signaling. Understanding the molecular basis of these tradeoffs in plants should provide a foundation for the development of breeding strategies that optimize the growth-defense balance to maximize crop yield to meet rising global food and biofuel demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Huot
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jian Yao
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Beronda L Montgomery
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sheng Yang He
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Michigan State University, MI 48933, USA.
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184
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Yin Y, Yang R, Gu Z. Organ-specific proteomic analysis of NaCl-stressed germinating soybeans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:7233-44. [PMID: 24960070 DOI: 10.1021/jf500851r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A comparative proteomic approach was employed to explore proteome expression patterns in germinating soybeans under NaCl stress and NaCl-aminoguanidine treatment. The proteins were extracted from 4-day-old germinating soybean cotyledons and noncotyledons (hypocotyl and radicle) and were separated using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A total of 63 and 72 differentially expressed proteins were confidently identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF in the noncotyledons and cotyledons, respectively. These identified proteins were divided into ten functional groups and most of them were predicted to be cytoplasmic proteins in noncotyledons. Moreover, γ-aminobutyric acid was accumulated while the major allergen (Bd 30K protein) was reduced in the germinating soybeans. The proteins involved in energy metabolism and in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were enriched under NaCl stress. Meanwhile, the negative effect of stress was aggravated once polyamine degradation was inhibited. Redistribution of storage proteins under stress indicated that storage proteins might not only function as seed storage reserves but also have additional roles in plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Yin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
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185
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Ivanova A, Law SR, Narsai R, Duncan O, Lee JH, Zhang B, Van Aken O, Radomiljac JD, van der Merwe M, Yi K, Whelan J. A Functional Antagonistic Relationship between Auxin and Mitochondrial Retrograde Signaling Regulates Alternative Oxidase1a Expression in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 165:1233-1254. [PMID: 24820025 PMCID: PMC4081334 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.237495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The perception and integration of stress stimuli with that of mitochondrion function are important during periods of perturbed cellular homeostasis. In a continuous effort to delineate these mitochondrial/stress-interacting networks, forward genetic screens using the mitochondrial stress response marker alternative oxidase 1a (AOX1a) provide a useful molecular tool to identify and characterize regulators of mitochondrial stress signaling (referred to as regulators of alternative oxidase 1a [RAOs] components). In this study, we reveal that mutations in genes coding for proteins associated with auxin transport and distribution resulted in a greater induction of AOX1a in terms of magnitude and longevity. Three independent mutants for polarized auxin transport, rao3/big, rao4/pin-formed1, and rao5/multidrug-resistance1/abcb19, as well as the Myb transcription factor rao6/asymmetric leaves1 (that displays altered auxin patterns) were identified and resulted in an acute sensitivity toward mitochondrial dysfunction. Induction of the AOX1a reporter system could be inhibited by the application of auxin analogs or reciprocally potentiated by blocking auxin transport. Promoter activation studies with AOX1a::GUS and DR5::GUS lines further confirmed a clear antagonistic relationship between the spatial distribution of mitochondrial stress and auxin response kinetics, respectively. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses revealed that mitochondrial stress stimuli, such as antimycin A, caused a transient suppression of auxin signaling and conversely, that auxin treatment repressed a part of the response to antimycin A treatment, including AOX1a induction. We conclude that mitochondrial stress signaling and auxin signaling are reciprocally regulated, balancing growth and stress response(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Ivanova
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Simon R Law
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Reena Narsai
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Owen Duncan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Botao Zhang
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Jordan D Radomiljac
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Margaretha van der Merwe
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - KeKe Yi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - James Whelan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
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186
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Kazan K, Lyons R. Intervention of Phytohormone Pathways by Pathogen Effectors. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:2285-2309. [PMID: 24920334 PMCID: PMC4114936 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.125419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The constant struggle between plants and microbes has driven the evolution of multiple defense strategies in the host as well as offense strategies in the pathogen. To defend themselves from pathogen attack, plants often rely on elaborate signaling networks regulated by phytohormones. In turn, pathogens have adopted innovative strategies to manipulate phytohormone-regulated defenses. Tactics frequently employed by plant pathogens involve hijacking, evading, or disrupting hormone signaling pathways and/or crosstalk. As reviewed here, this is achieved mechanistically via pathogen-derived molecules known as effectors, which target phytohormone receptors, transcriptional activators and repressors, and other components of phytohormone signaling in the host plant. Herbivores and sap-sucking insects employ obligate pathogens such as viruses, phytoplasma, or symbiotic bacteria to intervene with phytohormone-regulated defenses. Overall, an improved understanding of phytohormone intervention strategies employed by pests and pathogens during their interactions with plants will ultimately lead to the development of new crop protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Kazan
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Plant Industry, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, Brisbane 4069, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lyons
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Plant Industry, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, Brisbane 4069, Queensland, Australia
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187
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Sorin C, Declerck M, Christ A, Blein T, Ma L, Lelandais-Brière C, Njo MF, Beeckman T, Crespi M, Hartmann C. A miR169 isoform regulates specific NF-YA targets and root architecture in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 202:1197-1211. [PMID: 24533947 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In plants, roots are essential for water and nutrient acquisition. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate their target mRNAs by transcript cleavage and/or inhibition of protein translation and are known as major post-transcriptional regulators of various developmental pathways and stress responses. In Arabidopsis thaliana, four isoforms of miR169 are encoded by 14 different genes and target diverse mRNAs, encoding subunits A of the NF-Y transcription factor complex. These miRNA isoforms and their targets have previously been linked to nutrient signalling in plants. By using mimicry constructs against different isoforms of miR169 and miR-resistant versions of NF-YA genes we analysed the role of specific miR169 isoforms in root growth and branching. We identified a regulatory node involving the particular miR169defg isoform and NF-YA2 and NF-YA10 genes that acts in the control of primary root growth. The specific expression of MIM169defg constructs altered specific cell type numbers and dimensions in the root meristem. Preventing miR169defg-regulation of NF-YA2 indirectly affected laterial root initiation. We also showed that the miR169defg isoform affects NF-YA2 transcripts both at mRNA stability and translation levels. We propose that a specific miR169 isoform and the NF-YA2 target control root architecture in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Sorin
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, UPR2355, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Marie Declerck
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, UPR2355, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Christ
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, UPR2355, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Thomas Blein
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, UPR2355, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- INRA, Institut JP Bourgin, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78026, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Linnan Ma
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, UPR2355, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Christine Lelandais-Brière
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, UPR2355, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Maria Fransiska Njo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martin Crespi
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, UPR2355, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Caroline Hartmann
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, UPR2355, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
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188
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Sahoo RK, Ansari MW, Pradhan M, Dangar TK, Mohanty S, Tuteja N. A novel Azotobacter vinellandii (SRIAz3) functions in salinity stress tolerance in rice. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2014; 9:e29377. [PMID: 25763502 PMCID: PMC4203646 DOI: 10.4161/psb.29377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) as a biofertilizer provide agricultural benefits to advance various crops productivity. Recently, we discovered a novel Azotobacter vinellandii (SRIAz3) from rice rhizosphere, which is well competent to improve rice productivity. In this study, we investigated a role of A. vinellandii to confer salinity tolerance in rice (var. IR64). A. vinellandii inoculated rice plants showed higher proline and malondialdehyde content under 200 mM NaCl stress as compared with uninoculated one. The endogenous level of plant hormones viz., indole-3 acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GA3), zeatint (Zt) was higher in A. vinellandii inoculated plants under high salinity. The fresh biomass of root and shoot were relatively elevated in A. vinellandii inoculated rice. Further, the macronutrient profile was superior in A. vinellandii inoculated plants under salinity as compared with non-inoculated plants. The present findings further suggest that A. vinellandii, a potent biofertilzer, potentially confer salinity stress tolerance in rice via sustaining growth and improving compatible solutes and nutrients profile and thereby crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- Plant Molecular Biology Group; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Wahid Ansari
- Plant Molecular Biology Group; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; New Delhi, India
| | - Madhusmita Pradhan
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry; College of Agriculture; Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology; Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Tushar K Dangar
- Division of Crop Production; Central Rice Research Institute; Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Santanu Mohanty
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry; College of Agriculture; Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology; Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; New Delhi, India
- Correspondence to: Narendra Tuteja,
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189
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Sahoo RK, Ansari MW, Tuteja R, Tuteja N. OsSUV3 transgenic rice maintains higher endogenous levels of plant hormones that mitigates adverse effects of salinity and sustains crop productivity. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 7:17. [PMID: 25184028 PMCID: PMC4151020 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-014-0017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SUV3 (suppressor of Var 3) gene encodes a DNA and RNA helicase, which is localized in the mitochondria. Plant SUV3 has not yet been characterized in detail. However, the Arabidopsis ortholog of SUV3 (AT4G14790) has been shown to be involved in embryo sac development. Previously, we have reported that rice SUV3 functions as DNA and RNA helicase and provides salinity stress tolerance by maintaining photosynthesis and antioxidant machinery. Here, we report further analysis of the transgenic OsSUV3 rice plants under salt stress. FINDINGS The transgenic OsSUV3 overexpressing rice T1 lines showed significantly higher endogenous content of plant hormones viz., gibberellic acid (GA3), zeatin (Z) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in leaf, stem and root as compared to wild-type (WT), vector control (VC) and antisense (AS) plants under salt (200 mM NaCl) stress condition. A similar trend of endogenous plant hormones profile was also reflected in the T2 generation of OsSUV3 transgenic rice under defined parameters and stress condition. CONCLUSIONS In response to stress, OsSUV3 rice plants maintained plant hormone levels that regulate the expression of several stress-induced genes and reduce adverse effects of salt on plant growth and development and therefore sustains crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India
| | - Mohammad Wahid Ansari
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India
| | - Renu Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India
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