151
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Comparison of Grip Strength, Gait Speed, and Quality of Life Among Obese, Overweight, and Nonobese Older Adults. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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152
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Fietsam AC, Tucker JR, Kamath MS, Huang-Pollock C, Wang Z, Neely KA. Manual dexterity and strength and in young adults with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Neurosci Lett 2022; 766:136349. [PMID: 34785312 PMCID: PMC9578534 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Manual motor deficits are common in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, it is unclear whether these impairments persist into adulthood. The aim of this study was to examine manual dexterity and strength in young adults with ADHD aged 18-25 years. Sixty-one individuals with confirmed ADHD and 56 adults without ADHD completed Purdue Pegboard tasks for manual dexterity and maximal hand- and pinch-grip tests for strength. In the Purdue Pegboard task, participants placed pins using the right, left, and both-hands, respectively. In addition, participants built assemblies using pins, washers, and collars with alternating hand movements. The results demonstrated that women without ADHD out-performed the other three groups in the right-hand, bimanual, and assembly PPB tasks. Both maximal hand strength tests demonstrated that men were stronger than women, but no differences were observed between adults with and without ADHD. The current findings suggest that adults with ADHD may have deficits in manual dexterity and tasks requiring bimanual coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, FL, United States
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153
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Warden SJ, Liu Z, Moe SM. Sex- and Age-Specific Centile Curves and Downloadable Calculator for Clinical Muscle Strength Tests to Identify Probable Sarcopenia. Phys Ther 2021; 102:6481185. [PMID: 34972866 PMCID: PMC9005054 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identifying muscle weakness and probable sarcopenia using strength tests requires reference data. This study aimed to provide age- and sex-specific normative data for grip strength and common variations of the Sit-to-Stand (STS) test: time to complete 5 stands (5x-STS) and number of stands completed in 30 seconds (30s-STS). Predictors of test performance were also explored. METHODS Dominant hand grip strength was assessed in adults (age = 18-80 years) using a digital dynamometer, and 5x-STS and 30s-STS performance were assessed synchronously during a single 30-second test. Sex-specific centile curves were generated using the lambda-mu-sigma method. RESULTS Data from 2301 participants (female = 1682, male = 619) were included. Peak median grip strength occurred in female participants at 33.9 years of age (27.9 kg) and in male participants at 37.6 years of age (47.2 kg). 5x-STS and 30s-STS performance peaked at the youngest age (18.0 years) in both female participants (8.16 seconds and 17.2 repetitions) and male participants (8.02 seconds and 17.7 repetitions). Test performances were lowest for all tests at the oldest age in the database. Predictors of better test performance included lower age and higher self-reported physical functioning and appendicular skeletal muscle mass, to name a few. White participants had better performance than Black participants on the STS tests. CONCLUSION The generated centile curves reveal the pattern of change in muscle strength for tests recommended to identify probable sarcopenia. The curves can be used in rehabilitation to assess an individual's performance relative to sex- and age-specific norms. To aid use of the data, a downloadable Excel-based calculator is provided to compute participant-specific percentiles, z scores, and t scores for each outcome and plot performance on the centile curves. IMPACT Physical therapists have an important role in identifying and treating individuals with sarcopenia and other causes of muscle weakness. The reference data provided for common clinical muscle strength tests provide therapists an ability to assess an individual's relative performance. LAY SUMMARY Knowing the normal or expected strength for an individual's age and sex is essential to identifying muscle weakness. This study provides age- and sex-specific normal values for hand grip strength and sit-to-stand tests in adults aged 18 to 80 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ziyue Liu
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA,Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sharon M Moe
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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154
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Lattanzio F, Corigliano V, Soraci L, Fumagalli A, Onder G, Volpato S, Cherubini A, Ruggiero C, Cozza A, Guarasci F, Corsonello A. Unveiling the Burden of Interactions Among Clinical Risk Factors for 1-Year Mortality in Hospitalized Older Patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:771115. [PMID: 34901086 PMCID: PMC8655869 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.771115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hospitalized older patients are particularly exposed to adverse health outcomes. Objective: In this study, we aimed at investigating the prognostic interactions between disability in basic activities of daily living (BADL), cognitive impairment, low handgrip strength, anticholinergic cognitive burden (ACB), and depression on 1-year mortality. Setting and Subjects: Our series consisted of 503 older patients discharged from acute care hospitals. Methods: Disability in at least one BADL, ACB, depression, cognitive impairment, and low handgrip strength was considered in the analysis. One-year mortality was investigated by Cox regression analysis and prognostic interactions among study variables were assessed by survival tree analysis. Results: Basic activities of daily living disability, ACB, cognitive impairment, and low handgrip strength were significantly associated with 1-year mortality. Survival tree analysis showed that patients with BADL disability and high ACB carried the highest risk of poor survival [hazard ratio (HR): 16.48 (2.63–74.72)], followed by patients with BADL disability and low ACB (HR: 8.43, 95% CI: 1.85–38.87). Patients with cognitive impairment and no BADL disability were characterized by a lower but still significant risk of mortality (HR: 6.61, 95% CI: 1.51–28.97) and those with high ACB scores and good cognitive and functional performance (HR: 5.28, 95% CI: 1.13–24.55). Conclusion: Basic activities of daily living dependency, cognitive impairment, and ACB score were the three main predictors of 1-year mortality among patients discharged from acute care hospitals; the interaction between BADL dependency and ACB score was found to significantly affect survival. Early identification of such high-risk patients may help tailor targeted interventions to counteract their detrimental effects on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Lattanzio
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Corigliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Soraci
- Unit of Geriatric Medicine, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Alessia Fumagalli
- Respiratory Unit, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Casatenovo, Italy
| | - Graziano Onder
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, IstitutoSuperiore di Sanitá, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazionegeriatrica e Centro di Ricerca per l'Invecchiamento, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carmelinda Ruggiero
- Orthogeriatric and Geriatric Units, Gerontology and Geriatric Sections, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cozza
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology and Biostatistics, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Guarasci
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology and Biostatistics, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Corsonello
- Unit of Geriatric Medicine, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Cosenza, Italy.,Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology and Biostatistics, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Ancona, Italy
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155
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Bäck N, Schaefer K, Windhager S. Handgrip strength and 2D : 4D in women: homogeneous samples challenge the (apparent) gender paradox. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20212328. [PMID: 34875193 PMCID: PMC8651413 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The length ratio between the second and the fourth digit (2D : 4D) is a retrospective, non-invasive biomarker for prenatal androgen exposure. It was found to be negatively correlated with handgrip strength (HGS) in men, but the evidence for women is mixed. Such studies in women call for increased detection sensitivity. The present study was designed to reduce potential confounding factors, especially age and ethnicity variation. We measured the digit ratios and HGS of 125 healthy women between 19 and 31 years of age from a remote region in Austria. 2D : 4D of both hands was significantly and negatively correlated with HGS (n = 125, right hand: r = -0.255, p = 0.002, left hand: r = -0.206, p = 0.011). Size, direction and significance of correlation coefficients remained stable when statistically controlling for age, body weight, body height, body mass index or hours of exercise per week. This yields theory-consistent evidence that HGS and 2D : 4D are clearly associated in women-when sufficiently reducing genetic variation (confounding 2D : 4D), the ontogenetic environment and age ranges (confounding HGS) in the study population. This finding implies similar organizing effects of prenatal androgens as in men, pointing to a more parsimonious developmental mechanism and a new look into its proximate and ultimate causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bäck
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Schaefer
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Windhager
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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156
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Shin WY, Kim JH. Age-Specific Association Between Handgrip Strength and Nutritional Quality in Korean Men: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. Am J Mens Health 2021; 15:15579883211063339. [PMID: 34859713 PMCID: PMC8646794 DOI: 10.1177/15579883211063339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the potential association between handgrip strength and nutritional quality in Korean men aged ≥20 years using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016 to 2018. This population-based cross-sectional study included 5,748 men aged ≥20 years. A dietary intake survey was performed using the 24-hr dietary recall method. Nutritional quality was examined using the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) score. A high INQ score reflected poor nutritional quality, with insufficient intake of many nutrients. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine the association between handgrip strength and INQ scores after adjusting for other covariates. The intake of carbohydrates, fiber, calcium, and vitamins B2 and C was significantly positively associated with a higher quartile for handgrip strength for those aged ≥65 years (all p < .01). A significant inverse association was found between the quartiles of handgrip strength and INQ scores among men aged ≥65 years after adjusting for all covariates (β = -0.26, p < .01). This association was not found among those aged <65 years (p = .25). The age-specific association between handgrip strength and nutritional quality underscores the importance of public policies that promote sufficient and comprehensive nutrient intake among older adults. Handgrip strength may be useful in clinical practice as a simple and cost-effective tool for screening for nutritional quality in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Young Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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157
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Xia Y, Cao L, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang S, Meng G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Gu Y, Wang Y, Zhang T, Wang X, Sun S, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Niu K, Zhao Y. Longitudinal Associations Between Hand Grip Strength and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:752999. [PMID: 34778314 PMCID: PMC8585737 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.752999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the longitudinal association between hand grip strength (HGS) and the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults. Design: A cohort study. Methods: This study was conducted in a general Chinese population (n = 14,154) from 2013-2018. NAFLD was diagnosed by liver ultrasonography during evaluating alcohol consumption. The associations between the HGS and NAFLD were assessed using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: During the study period with a mean follow-up duration of 3.20 years, 2,452 participants developed NAFLD. The risk of NAFLD decreased progressively with increasing HGS in both men and women (P for trend <0.0001). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for NAFLD incidence across the quartiles of HGS were 1 (reference), 0.90 (0.79, 1.02), 0.69 (0.60, 0.79), and 0.44 (0.37, 0.52) for men and 1 (reference), 0.82 (0.69, 0.96), 0.54 (0.45, 0.66), and 0.41 (0.33, 0.52) for women, respectively. The interaction terms for body mass index (BMI)-HGS and waist-HGS were significant in men and women (all P < 0.0001). The participants with normal BMIs and waist circumferences had the lowest hazard ratios on the subgroup analyses. The sensitivity analysis that defined NAFLD using the hepatic steatosis and fatty liver indices revealed results that were similar to the main analyses. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the HGS is inversely associated with the incidence of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Limin Cao
- The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Yashu Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuena Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shunming Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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158
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Contreras-Bolívar V, Olveira C, Ruiz-García I, Porras N, García-Olivares M, Sánchez-Torralvo FJ, Girón MV, Alonso-Gallardo SP, Olveira G. Handgrip Strength: Associations with Clinical Variables, Body Composition, and Bone Mineral Density in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114107. [PMID: 34836360 PMCID: PMC8622157 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Loss of fat-free mass (FFM) is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Handgrip strength (HGS) measures muscle function and may be associated with clinical parameters with prognostic value. Our objectives were to evaluate muscle strength through HGS in CF patients and to determine if there are any associations with respiratory clinical variables, FFM, and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in clinically stable patients. We evaluated muscle function through HGS, respiratory function—forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (%), forced vital capacity (FVC) (%), bronchorrhea, annual exacerbations, and body composition (FFM and FFM index, FFMI: fat-free mass in kg/height in m2) and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) through densitometry (DXA). Results: The study included 53 CF patients (58.5% females, mean age 28.3 ± 8.1, body mass index (BMI) 21.7 ± 3.4). The mean values for dynamometry were 40.2 ± 8.1 kg in males and 23.1 ± 7.0 kg in women, being 20.8% below the 10th percentile. Patients with lower muscle strength showed significantly more exacerbations and lower FEV1% and FVC%, as well as lower BMI, worse BMD (g/cm2), T-score, and Z-score. A significant and positive correlation was found between the mean and maximum dynamometry values and age, FVC%, BMI, FFMI, FFM (kg), and BMD. Conclusions: For adults with CF, HGS is a practical tool for assessment of health status. Low values reflect poor nutritional status and are associated with poor respiratory function, low fat-free mass and low bone mineral density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Contreras-Bolívar
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (V.C.-B.); (I.R.-G.); (N.P.); (M.G.-O.); (F.J.S.-T.); (S.P.A.-G.)
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs, Granada), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Casilda Olveira
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (C.O.); (M.V.G.)
| | - Ignacio Ruiz-García
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (V.C.-B.); (I.R.-G.); (N.P.); (M.G.-O.); (F.J.S.-T.); (S.P.A.-G.)
| | - Nuria Porras
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (V.C.-B.); (I.R.-G.); (N.P.); (M.G.-O.); (F.J.S.-T.); (S.P.A.-G.)
| | - Maria García-Olivares
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (V.C.-B.); (I.R.-G.); (N.P.); (M.G.-O.); (F.J.S.-T.); (S.P.A.-G.)
| | - Francisco José Sánchez-Torralvo
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (V.C.-B.); (I.R.-G.); (N.P.); (M.G.-O.); (F.J.S.-T.); (S.P.A.-G.)
| | - Maria Victoria Girón
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (C.O.); (M.V.G.)
| | - Silvia P. Alonso-Gallardo
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (V.C.-B.); (I.R.-G.); (N.P.); (M.G.-O.); (F.J.S.-T.); (S.P.A.-G.)
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (V.C.-B.); (I.R.-G.); (N.P.); (M.G.-O.); (F.J.S.-T.); (S.P.A.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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159
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Feng Q, Jiang C, Wang M, Cai R, Wang H, Wu D, Wang F, Lin L, Nassis GP. Association between relative handgrip strength and hypertension in Chinese adults: An analysis of four successive national surveys with 712,442 individuals (2000-2014). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258763. [PMID: 34710171 PMCID: PMC8553048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify the 15-year trends of handgrip strength-to-weight (relative HS) and assess the association between relative HS and hypertension among Chinese adults aged 20-69. METHODS Using a complex, stratified, multistage probability cluster sampling, we analyzed data collected from 712,442 adults aged 20-69 years in four successive national surveys (2000-2014). We used a handheld dynamometer to measure strength and divided by body weight to calculate the relative HS. Blood pressure was recorded with a sphygmomanometer and hypertension was defined as resting systolic blood pressure at least 140 mmHg or diastolic at least 90 mmHg. The Mann-Kendall trend test examined trends in relative HS over time. We also computed odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) by tertile of relative HS and examined the association between relative HS and hypertension. RESULTS The relative HS level decreased with the increase of age in both male and females (p trend <0.001). In each of four surveys, one interquartile decrease in relative HS was associated with an increased risk of hypertension by 44% (OR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.40-1.47), 58% (OR = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.54-1.62), 48% (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.45-1.52), 43% (OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.40-1.47), respectively. CONCLUSION In the Chinese adult population, the relative HS level decreased from 2000 to 2014 across all ages in both males and females. A lower relative HS was associated with a higher risk of hypertension. The findings provided evidence for the association between muscle strength and hypertension in large-scaled population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Chongmin Jiang
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Dongming Wu
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Fubaihui Wang
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lizi Lin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - George P. Nassis
- Physical Education Department–College of Education (CEDU), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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160
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Huerta Ojeda Á, Fontecilla Díaz B, Yeomans Cabrera MM, Jerez-Mayorga D. Grip power test: A new valid and reliable method for assessing muscle power in healthy adolescents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258720. [PMID: 34669739 PMCID: PMC8528297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of the strength and muscle mass of the hand-finger segment are reliable indicators of health and predictors of cardiometabolic risk in the adult population. However, there are no valid and reliable tests to assess the muscle power of this segment in healthy adolescents. The objective of this study was to determine the validity and inter-day reliability of a grip power test (GripW test) in healthy adolescents. Twenty-one adolescents (15.61 ± 2.20 years old) were part of the study. All participants were instructed to perform a grip with incremental load sets from 1–10 kg as fast as possible. The validity of the GripW test was determined with the load-power curve and linear regression equation. Inter-day reliability considered the coefficient of variation (CV), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and standard error of the mean (SEM). The significance level for all statistical analyses was p < 0.05. The parabola in the load-power curve for both hands showed normality for the GripW test. In addition, the analysis showed a CV = 4.63% and ICC = 1.00 for the right hand, while the left hand showed a CV = 3.23% and ICC = 1.00. The GripW test proved to be valid and reliable for assessing gripping muscle power functionally and unilaterally in healthy adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Huerta Ojeda
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud, Actividad Física y Deporte ISAFYD, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
| | - Blanca Fontecilla Díaz
- Magíster Medicina y Ciencias del Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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161
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Amasene M, Besga A, Medrano M, Urquiza M, Rodriguez-Larrad A, Tobalina I, Barroso J, Irazusta J, Labayen I. Nutritional status and physical performance using handgrip and SPPB tests in hospitalized older adults. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5547-5555. [PMID: 34656951 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Malnutrition and poor physical performance are highly prevalent within hospitalized older adults, and both have in common the loss of muscle mass. Likewise, there is growing interest in identifying markers of physical performance, other than just measuring muscle mass, that might be useful for managing malnutrition. This study aimed to (i) characterize the physical condition of hospitalized older adults in comparison to previously published reference percentile values of same age adults and (ii) to examine the association between the nutritional status and physical performance of older inpatients. METHODS A total of 604 inpatients (age 84.3 ± 6.8 years, 50.3% women) participated in this cross-sectional study. Patients were assessed for nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF)) and physical performance (handgrip strength and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)). RESULTS During hospitalization, 65.7% of the inpatients were at risk of malnutrition or malnourished. More than a half of the older inpatients were unfit (≤P25) for handgrip strength (52.0%) and SPPB total score (86.3%) as well as for two of its subtests, gait speed (86.7%) and 5 times sit-to-stand (91.1%) tests. Patients' nutritional status was significantly associated with better physical performance within all tests (all p < 0.001), as their nutritional status improved so did their physical performance (all p for trend <0.001). Hence, being at risk of malnutrition or malnourished significantly increased the likelihood for being classified as unfit according to handgrip strength (OR: 1.466, 95% CI: 1.045-2.056), SPPB total score (OR: 2.553, 95% CI: 1.592-4.094) and 4-m walking test (OR: 4.049, 95% CI: 2.469-6.640) (all p < 0.05), and as frail (OR: 4.675, 95% CI: 2.812-7.772) according to the SPPB frailty threshold (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study reinforces the use of handgrip strength and SPPB, as well as its subtests (gait speed and 5 times sit-to-stand tests), in hospitalized older adults as alternative measures of muscle mass for malnutrition management. Hence, it seems that risk of malnutrition or malnutrition assessed by MNA-SF might help to predict poor physical performance in older inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Amasene
- Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Ariadna Besga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Araba University Hospital, OSI Araba, Bioaraba Research Institute, CIBERSAM, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01004, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - María Medrano
- Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Miriam Urquiza
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Larrad
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Tobalina
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Araba University Hospital, 01004, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Department of Surgery Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Julia Barroso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Araba University Hospital, OSI Araba, Bioaraba Research Institute, CIBERSAM, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01004, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Jon Irazusta
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
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162
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Choi S, Nah S, Jang H, Moon J, Han S. Association between Relative Handgrip Strength and Chronic Lower Back Pain: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10770. [PMID: 34682530 PMCID: PMC8535507 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lower back pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal complaint and significantly reduces the quality of life. Muscle weakness is a major cause of LBP. Handgrip strength (HGS) is widely used to determine general muscle strength. Relative HGS (RHGS) incorporates body mass and provides a more accurate estimation of muscle strength and health status. We analyzed the data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to investigate the association between RHGS and chronic LBP. We identified 14,930 participants and excluded a total of 9553 participants with age < 50 years, with incomplete LBP information, and with incomplete HGS information. We analyzed the data of 5377 participants: 1086 (20.19%) with chronic LBP and 4291 (79.8%) without chronic LBP. Multivariate regression analysis with adjustment for covariates identified an association between weak RHGS and chronic LBP (odds ratio 1.31; CI 1.07-1.61; p = 0.01). This article demonstrated a significant association between RHGS and chronic LBP. Therefore, RHGS should be measured for patients with chronic LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwoo Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea; (S.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Sangun Nah
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea; (S.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Haedong Jang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea;
| | - Jieun Moon
- Clinical Trial Center, Department of Biostatistics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea;
| | - Sangsoo Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea; (S.C.); (S.N.)
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163
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Association of Relative Handgrip Strength With Anthropometric Measures and Lipid Profiles in Individuals With Cardiovascular Disease. TOP CLIN NUTR 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/tin.0000000000000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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164
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Tiainen K, Raitanen J, Strandberg T, Koskinen S, Stenholm S. Type 2 Diabetes as a Predictor of Muscle Strength Decline over 11 years among Men and Women Aged 55 Years and Older. Gerontology 2021; 68:635-643. [PMID: 34818235 DOI: 10.1159/000518268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term associations between type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and muscle strength are obscure in older adults. The aim of this study was to examine type 2 diabetes as a predictor of handgrip strength decline during an 11-year follow-up among men and women aged 55 years. METHODS We used Finnish population-based Health 2000 Survey and its follow-up measurements in 2011. The study population consisted of 1,200 individuals, aged 55-86 years at baseline. Baseline fasting glucose level or use of diabetes medication was used to categorize the participants into diabetes (≥7.0 mmol/L), prediabetes (≥6.1 mmol/L but <7.0 mmol/L), and nondiabetes (<6.1 mmol/L) groups. Handgrip strength was measured at baseline and during 11-year follow-up. RESULTS Mean handgrip strength at baseline did not differ between diabetes groups in men or women. Among men during the 11-year follow-up, decline in muscle strength was significantly greater among diabetes group (-131.5 Newtons [N], 95% confidence interval (CI) -182.7 to -80.4) than nondiabetes group (-98.9 N, 95% CI -139.5 to -58.3) after adjusting for age, education, lifestyle factors, chronic conditions, and diabetes status at follow-up. Among women, muscle strength decline did not differ between diabetes, prediabetes, or nondiabetes groups after adjusting for all potential covariates, the results being -45.0 N (95% CI -73.2 to -16.7), -29.4 N (95% CI -59.7 to 0.9), and -42.3 N (95% CI -70.5 to -14.1), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The presence of type 2 diabetes was associated with greater muscle strength decline among older men but not among older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Tiainen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jani Raitanen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo Strandberg
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Clinicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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165
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Kim SH, Hurh K, Park Y, Jang SI, Park EC. Synergistic associations of visual and self-reported hearing acuity with low handgrip strength in older adults: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:513. [PMID: 34563124 PMCID: PMC8466740 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02470-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether visual and hearing acuity are independently or synergistically associated with muscle strength. We aimed to examine the associations of visual and self-reported hearing acuity with low handgrip strength and the additive interaction between visual and hearing acuity on low handgrip strength in people over 60 years. METHOD Data of 3,075 individuals aged over 60 years from the 2017 and 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for this cross-sectional study. Low handgrip strength was defined based on the 20th percentile of the study population (< 30.4 kg for male and < 17.7 kg for female). Visual and self-reported hearing acuity were each divided into three categories: good, moderate, and impaired. Multiple logistic regression and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) were performed. RESULTS Of the 3,075 participants, 993 (32.3 %) demonstrated low handgrip strength. Low handgrip strength was more prevalent in participants with moderate (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.54, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-2.12) and impaired visual acuity (AOR = 2.00, 95 % CI = 1.34-2.96). Both moderate and impaired self-reported hearing acuity were significantly associated with low handgrip strength (moderate: AOR = 1.25, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.55; impaired: AOR = 1.66, 95 % CI = 1.15-2.38). The more severe the sensory function decline, the higher the association with muscle weakness. Moreover, combined sensory impairments were associated with deteriorating low handgrip strength (AOR = 8.38), with significantly strong additive interactions (RERI = 2.61, 95 % CI = 2.52-2.70). CONCLUSIONS Awareness is needed regarding the risk of reduced muscle strength in individuals with moderate and impaired sensory function. Older people with sensory function decline in clinical settings may benefit from programs such as exercise prescription to prevent muscle weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungduk Hurh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsik Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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166
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Nishikawa H, Shiraki M, Hiramatsu A, Hara N, Moriya K, Hino K, Koike K. Reduced handgrip strength predicts poorer survival in chronic liver diseases: A large multicenter study in Japan. Hepatol Res 2021; 51:957-967. [PMID: 34057800 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Sarcopenia has a high prevalence and can be an adverse predictor in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs). We sought to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia and its prognostic significance in patients with CLDs at multiple centers in Japan. METHODS In this retrospective study, we collated the data of 1624 patients with CLDs (976 men). The diagnosis of sarcopenia was determined by the sarcopenia assessment criteria of the Japan Society of Hepatology. Predictors of mortality were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Muscle weakness and skeletal muscle loss occurred in 33.5% and 29.3% of all subjects, respectively, while sarcopenia occurred in 13.9% of all patients. Patients with sarcopenia had a poorer prognosis among all patients, patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and those without HCC by log-rank test. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model identified female gender (hazard ratio [HR], 0.59; p = 0.03), alcoholic liver disease (HR, 4.25; p < 0.01), presence of HCC (HR, 6.77; p < 0.01), Child-Pugh classes A (HR, 1.42; p < 0.05), B (HR, 2.70; p < 0.01), and C (HR, 6.30; p < 0.01), and muscle weakness (HR, 2.24; p < 0.01) as significant adverse predictors. The cut-off values of handgrip strength (HGS) for prognosis determined by maximally selected rank statistics were calculated as 27.8 kg for men and 18.8 kg for women. CONCLUSION Reduced HGS in patients with CLD was an independent adverse predictor of mortality, with cut-off values of 27.8 kg for men and 18.8 kg for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nishikawa
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Japan
| | - Makoto Shiraki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nagisa Hara
- Nutrition Unit, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hino
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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167
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Neto FR, Gomes Costa RR, Dorneles JR, Gonçalves CW, Veloso JHCL, Carregaro RL. Handgrip Strength Cutoff Points for Functional Independence and Wheelchair Ability in Men With Spinal Cord Injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2021; 27:60-69. [PMID: 34456547 DOI: 10.46292/sci20-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To determine optimal handgrip strength (HGS) cutoff points for greater functional independence and wheelchair skills in men with spinal cord injury (SCI), and to establish predictive equations for functional independence and wheelchair ability in men with SCI, based on demographic characteristics, HGS, and functionality. Methods In this cross-sectional study conducted at a rehabilitation hospital, 54 men with SCI were recruited and stratified into high and low paraplegia groups. All participants performed a maximum HGS test to determine cutoff points for the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM-III) and Adapted Manual Wheelchair Circuit (AMWC). The primary outcomes were the SCIM-III, AMWC, and HGS. Demographic characteristics obtained from participants' electronic medical records were the secondary outcomes, used as predictor variables of functional independence. Results The SCIM-III scale, performance score, and 3-minute overground wheeling test presented significant regression equations (R = 0.45, R = 0.69, and R = 0.72). The HGS showed a cutoff point of 102.5 kilogram force (kgf) to achieve a score of 70 on the SCIM-III and a 3-minute overground wheeling distance of 270 m. The HGS cutoff point to obtain a performance score of 23.7 seconds was 93.0 kgf. Conclusion The HGS was a significant predictor for the SCIM-III score, AMWC performance score, and 3-minute overground wheeling test. Three significant predictive equations were established based on HGS. The cutoff points could be adopted as parameters for optimal functional independence and wheelchair skills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rodrigo L Carregaro
- College of Physical Education, Universidade de Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, Brazil.,School of Physical Therapy, Universidade de Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, Brazil
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168
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Fountotos R, Munir H, Goldfarb M, Lauck S, Kim D, Perrault L, Arora R, Moss E, Rudski LG, Bendayan M, Piankova P, Hayman V, Rodighiero J, Ouimet MC, Lantagne S, Piazza N, Afilalo J. Prognostic Value of Handgrip Strength in Older Adults Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. Can J Cardiol 2021; 37:1760-1766. [PMID: 34464690 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although multidimensional frailty scales have been proven to predict mortality and morbidity in cardiac surgery, there is a need for rapid tools that could be easily administered at the point of care. Handgrip strength (HGS) is an attractive option that can be measured in acutely ill and bed-bound patients, although it has yet to be validated in a large cardiac surgery cohort. METHODS This is a post hoc analysis of a multicentre prospective study in older patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valve surgery from 2011 to 2019. HGS was measured before surgery and classified by sex-stratified cutoffs. The primary outcome was 1-year mortality and secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, discharge disposition, and prolonged length of stay. RESULTS There were 1245 patients included in the analysis (mean age 74.0 ± 6.6 years; 30% female). Weak HGS was associated with advanced age, heart failure, kidney disease, malnutrition, and various frailty scales. In those with weak vs normal HGS, respectively, 1-year mortality was 17% vs 6%, 30-day mortality was 10% vs 3%, prolonged length of stay was 34% vs 19%, and discharge to a health care facility was 45% vs 26% (all P < 0.001). After adjustment, HGS was predictive of 1-year and 30-day mortalities, with odds ratios of 2.44 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39-4.29) and 2.83 (1.38-5.81), respectively. HGS cutoffs of < 26 kg in men and < 16 kg in women had the highest predictive performance. CONCLUSIONS HGS is a simple and effective tool to identify patients at higher risk of mortality and protracted recovery after cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Fountotos
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Haroon Munir
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michael Goldfarb
- Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Lauck
- Division of Cardiology, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dae Kim
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Louis Perrault
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Montréal Heart Institute, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Rakesh Arora
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Moss
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lawrence G Rudski
- Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Melissa Bendayan
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Palina Piankova
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Victoria Hayman
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julia Rodighiero
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Ouimet
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah Lantagne
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolo Piazza
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Afilalo
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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169
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Kim GH, Song BK, Kim JW, Lefferts EC, Brellenthin AG, Lee DC, Kim YM, Kim MK, Choi BY, Kim YS. Associations between relative grip strength and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Yangpyeong cohort of the Korean genome and epidemiology study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256550. [PMID: 34437604 PMCID: PMC8389482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association between relative grip strength and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) independently and in combination with body mass index (BMI) in Korean adults. Methods The cross-sectional study includes 2,811 men and women (age 40 to 92 years old) with no history of heart disease, stroke, or cancer. Relative grip strength was measured by a handheld dynamometer and calculated by dividing absolute grip strength by body weight. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of T2DM by sex-specific quintiles of relative grip strength. In a joint analysis, participants were classified into 4 groups: “weak (lowest 20% quintile one) and normal weight (BMI <25.0 kg/m2)”, “weak and overweight/obese (BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2)”, “strong (upper 80% four quintiles) and normal weight” or “strong and overweight/obese”. Results Among the 2,811 participants, 371 were identified as having T2DM. Compared with the lowest quintile of relative grip strength (weakest), the ORs (95% CIs) of T2DM were 0.73 (0.53–1.02), 0.68 (0.48–0.97), 0.72 (0.50–1.03), and 0.48 (0.32–0.74) in upper quintiles two, three, four, and five, respectively, after adjusting for BMI and other potential confounders. In the joint analysis, compared with the “weak and overweight/obese” reference group, the odds of T2DM [ORs (95% CIs)] was lower in the “strong and overweight/obese” group [0.65 (0.46–0.92)] and the “strong and normal weight” group [0.49 (0.35–0.67)], after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion In this cross-sectional study, greater relative grip strength was associated with a lower prevalence of T2DM independent of BMI in Korean adults. Additional prospective studies are needed to determine whether a causal association exists between relative grip strength and T2DM prevalence considering BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Hui Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Kil Song
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jung Woon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Elizabeth C. Lefferts
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Angelique G. Brellenthin
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Duck-chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Yu-Mi Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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170
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Effects of High Intensity Plank Exercise on Physical Fitness and Immunocyte Function in a Middle-Aged Man: A Case Report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57080845. [PMID: 34441051 PMCID: PMC8399219 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57080845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Although the plank exercise is difficult to perform for untrained people, it does not require money, special equipment, or much space. However, it is not known how plank exercises affect physical fitness and immunocyte function. This study analyzed the changes in physical fitness and immune cells of a middle-aged man after performing 4 weeks of elbow plank exercise. Materials and Methods: Elbow plank exercise was performed for approximately 20 min (resting time, around 10 min) a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The intensity was checked daily with ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). When the participant reached an intensity of RPE 15, RPE 16, and RPE 17 of the RPE 20 scale, 1 min of rest was given before repeating the process. Results: Compared with the pre-values, (1) all the physical fitness factors (muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiopulmonary fitness) were increased after 4 weeks; (2) body weight, skeletal muscle mass, and the basal metabolic rate were increased, whereas body fat mass and fat percentage were decreased; and (3) although the variables of complete blood count were changed positively, some were not. Specifically, CD3, CD8, and CD56 were increased, whereas CD4, CD4/CD8, and cytotoxicity were decreased. These results show that elbow plank exercise can improve all factors of physical fitness and improve some of the immunocyte functions of a middle-aged man. Conclusions: This study confirmed that, although the elbow plank exercise of vigorous intensity for 4 weeks improved physical fitness, it was not effective in improving some immunocyte functions. Therefore, the exercise intensity of plank exercises for improving immunocyte functions should be reconsidered.
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Ballesteros-Peña S, Vallejo-de la Hoz G, Fernández-Aedo I, Etayo-Sancho A, Berasaluze-Sanz L, Domínguez-García J. Rescuers' characteristics associated with the correct chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. ENFERMERIA INTENSIVA 2021; 33:S1130-2399(21)00082-1. [PMID: 34419348 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the caregivers' physical, anthropometrical and educational characteristics associated with adequate chest compression and full chest recoil during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHODS An observational prospective research study was conducted. Emergency and critical care health professionals and students performed two minutes of chest compressions on a dummy. Depth and residual leaning after the compressions were assessed and their association with several variables (physical, anthropometrical, and educational) was analysed using logistic regression models. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-eight volunteers participated. Previous experience of the rescuer in less than six CPRs (OR: 3.03; CI 95%: 1.2-7.63) was related to a higher probability of not achieving an adequate depth of compressions. Greater height (OR: .93; 95% CI: .87-.99) and grip strength (OR: .94; 95% CI: .89-.99) were associated with correct performance of chest compression. We did not find any characteristic related to chest recoil. CONCLUSIONS The caregiver's previous experience with CPR was the strongest factor associated with adequate performance of chest compressions. To a lesser extent, the professional's height and upper body muscle strength also have an influence. No factors associated with the adequacy of full chest recoil were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ballesteros-Peña
- Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Bilbao-Basurto, Bilbao, Vizcaya, España; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, España.
| | - G Vallejo-de la Hoz
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, España; Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Barrualde-Galdakao, Galdakao, Vizcaya, España
| | - I Fernández-Aedo
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, España
| | - A Etayo-Sancho
- Red de Transporte Sanitario Urgente de Bizkaia, Urduliz, Vizcaya, España
| | - L Berasaluze-Sanz
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España; Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Barrualde-Galdakao, Galdakao, Vizcaya, España
| | - J Domínguez-García
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España; Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Ezkerraldea-Enkarterri-Cruces, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España
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172
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Liu M, Liu S, Sun S, Tian H, Li S, Wu Y. Sex Differences in the Associations of Handgrip Strength and Asymmetry With Multimorbidity: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 23:493-498.e1. [PMID: 34389337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the sex-specific associations of handgrip strength (HGS) and asymmetry with incident multimorbidity and examine whether these relationships differ by sex. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Secondary analyses of data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA, waves 2-8). The analytic sample included 3977 participants (51.4% female) aged ≥50 years who had data for HGS on both hands and were living without multimorbidity at baseline. MEASURES HGS was assessed with a handheld dynamometer. Individuals in the lowest tertile of sex-specific age-adjusted HGS were defined as having low HGS. The largest HGS readings from the nondominant and dominant hand were used to calculate HGS ratio [nondominant HGS (kg)/dominant HGS (kg)]. Those with HGS ratio <0.90 or >1.10 had any HGS asymmetry. Further, those with HGS ratio <0.90 had dominant HGS asymmetry, whereas those with HGS ratio >1.10 had nondominant HGS asymmetry. Multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of ≥2 chronic diseases. Cox proportional hazards regression models were conducted for analyses. RESULTS Low HGS was associated with multimorbidity among older men [hazard ratio (HR) 1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.40] and women (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03-1.38). No significant effect modification by sex was observed (P-interaction = .71). HGS asymmetry increased the risk of multimorbidity in women only (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.07-1.41). The relationship between HGS asymmetry and multimorbidity risk differed by sex (P-interaction = .01). Similarly, both dominant HGS asymmetry (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05-1.40) and nondominant HGS asymmetry (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.03-1.68) were related to incident multimorbidity in women only. There was a significant interaction between dominant HGS asymmetry and sex (P-interaction = .02). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Examining HGS asymmetry in HGS test protocols can provide novel insights for the predictive power of HGS in the accumulation of diseases, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuqin Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huimin Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Suyun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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173
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Baena-García L, Marín-Jiménez N, Romero-Gallardo L, Borges-Cosic M, Ocón-Hernández O, Flor-Alemany M, Aparicio VA. Association of Self-Reported Physical Fitness during Late Pregnancy with Birth Outcomes and Oxytocin Administration during Labour-The GESTAFIT Project. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8201. [PMID: 34360494 PMCID: PMC8346096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We explored (a) the associations between self-reported maternal physical fitness and birth outcomes; (b) whether self-reported maternal physical fitness (PF) is related to the administration of oxytocin to induce or stimulate labour. Pregnant women from the GESTAFIT project randomized controlled trial (n = 117) participated in this prospective longitudinal study. Maternal physical fitness was assessed through the International Fitness Scale at the 34th gestational week. Maternal and neonatal birth outcomes and oxytocin administration were collected from the obstetric medical records. Umbilical arterial and venous cord blood gas were analysed immediately after birth. Self-reported overall fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and flexibility were not related to any maternal and neonatal birth outcomes (all p > 0.05). Greater speed-agility was associated with a more alkaline arterial (p = 0.04) and venous (p = 0.02) pH in the umbilical cord blood. Women who were administered oxytocin to induce or stimulate labour reported lower cardiorespiratory fitness (p = 0.013, Cohen's d = 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14, 0.93) and flexibility (p = 0.040, Cohen´s d = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.89) compared to women who were not administered oxytocin. Greater maternal physical fitness during pregnancy could be associated with better neonatal birth outcomes and lower risk of needing oxytocin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Baena-García
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain;
| | - Nuria Marín-Jiménez
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain; (L.R.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (M.F.-A.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Lidia Romero-Gallardo
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain; (L.R.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (M.F.-A.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Milkana Borges-Cosic
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain; (L.R.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (M.F.-A.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Olga Ocón-Hernández
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics Unit, ‘San Cecilio’ University Hospital, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Marta Flor-Alemany
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain; (L.R.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (M.F.-A.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginia A. Aparicio
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
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174
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Kaegi-Braun N, Tribolet P, Baumgartner A, Fehr R, Baechli V, Geiser M, Deiss M, Gomes F, Kutz A, Hoess C, Pavlicek V, Schmid S, Bilz S, Sigrist S, Brändle M, Benz C, Henzen C, Thomann R, Rutishauser J, Aujesky D, Rodondi N, Donzé J, Stanga Z, Mueller B, Schuetz P. Value of handgrip strength to predict clinical outcomes and therapeutic response in malnourished medical inpatients: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:731-740. [PMID: 33829236 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-related malnutrition is associated with loss of muscle mass and impaired functional status. Handgrip strength (HGS) has been proposed as an easy-to-use tool to assess muscle strength in clinical practice. OBJECTIVES We investigated the prognostic implications of HGS in patients at nutritional risk with regard to clinical outcomes and response to nutritional support. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of the randomized controlled, multicenter, Effect of Early Nutritional Support on Frailty, Functional Outcome, and Recovery of Malnourished Medical Inpatients Trial, which compared the effects of individualized nutritional support with usual hospital food in medical inpatients at nutritional risk. Our primary endpoint was 30-d all-cause mortality. The association between sex-specific HGS and clinical outcomes was investigated using multivariable regression analyses, adjusted for randomization, age, weight, height, nutritional risk, admission diagnosis, comorbidities, interaction terms, and study center. We used interaction terms to investigate possible effect modification regarding the nutritional support intervention. RESULTS Mean ± SD HGS in the 1809 patients with available handgrip measurement was 17.0 ± 7.1 kg for females and 28.9 ± 11.3 kg for males. Each decrease of 10 kg in HGS was associated with increased risk of 30-d mortality (female: adjusted OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.62, P = 0.007; male: adjusted OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.93, P = 0.015) and 180-d mortality (female: adjusted OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.0, 2.10, P = 0.048; male: adjusted OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.28, 1.89, P < 0.001). Individualized nutritional support was most effective in reducing mortality in patients with low HGS (adjusted OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.82 in patients in the ≤10th percentile compared with OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.66, 1.48 in patients in the >10th percentile; P for interaction = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS In medical inpatients at nutritional risk, HGS provided significant prognostic information about expected mortality and complication risks and helps to identify which patients benefit most from nutritional support. HGS may thus improve individualization of nutritional therapy.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02517476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kaegi-Braun
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Tribolet
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.,Department of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland.,Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annic Baumgartner
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Fehr
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Baechli
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Martina Geiser
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Deiss
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Filomena Gomes
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.,The New York Academy of Sciences, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Kutz
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claus Hoess
- Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Muensterlingen, Switzerland
| | | | - Sarah Schmid
- Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Muensterlingen, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Bilz
- Internal Medicine & Endocrinology/Diabetes, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Sigrist
- Internal Medicine & Endocrinology/Diabetes, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Michael Brändle
- Internal Medicine & Endocrinology/Diabetes, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Benz
- Internal Medicine & Endocrinology/Diabetes, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicolas Rodondi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Donzé
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zeno Stanga
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beat Mueller
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Switzerland
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Boonpor J, Parra-Soto S, Petermann-Rocha F, Ferrari G, Welsh P, Pell JP, Sattar N, Gill JMR, Ho FK, Gray SR, Celis-Morales C. Associations between grip strength and incident type 2 diabetes: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:9/1/e001865. [PMID: 34353878 PMCID: PMC8344322 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Grip strength has been associated with chronic diseases and mortality. However, current evidence of the association between grip strength and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of absolute and relative grip strength with incident T2DM and whether these associations differ by sociodemographic, lifestyle and adiposity-related factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of 166 894 participants in the UK Biobank (mean age 56.5 years, 54.4% women). The outcome was T2DM incidence and the exposure was grip strength, expressed in absolute (kg) and relative (kg per kg of body weight) values. The association between grip strength and T2DM incidence was investigated using Cox-proportional regression. RESULTS The median follow-up was 5.3 years (IQR: 4.7-6.1). During this time, 3713 participants developed T2DM. Lower grip strength was associated with a higher risk of T2DM in both sexes. Those in the lowest quintile of absolute grip strength had a 50% higher risk in men (HR: 1.50 (95% CI: 1.30 to 1.73)) and 25% higher risk in women (HR: 1.25 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.47)) compared with those in the highest quintile. For relative grip strength, risk of diabetes was more than double for men (HR: 2.22 (95% CI: 1.84 to 2.67)) and 96% higher for women (HR: 1.96 (95% CI: 1.52 to 2.53)) in the lowest compared with highest quintiles. CONCLUSIONS Grip strength is associated with a higher risk of T2DM incidence in both men and women independent of important confounding factors including age, deprivation, adiposity and lifestyle. However, the associations were stronger when grip strength is expressed relative to body weight, which could reflect the importance of muscle quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirapitcha Boonpor
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Solange Parra-Soto
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fanny Petermann-Rocha
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Sciences of Physical Activity, Sports and Health School, University of Santiago Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul Welsh
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jill P Pell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Frederick K Ho
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart Robert Gray
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Education, Physical Activity and Health Research Unit (GEEAFyS), Department of Physical Activity, Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Center for Exercise Physiology Research (CIFE), Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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176
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Rostamzadeh S, Saremi M, Abouhossein A, Vosoughi S, Molenbroek JFM. Normative data for handgrip strength in Iranian healthy children and adolescents aged 7-18 years: comparison with international norms. Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:164. [PMID: 34330318 PMCID: PMC8325185 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grip strength is an essential component of physical fitness. The objective of this study was to develop normative handgrip strength data for Iranian healthy boys and girls comparing their handgrip strength with international reference values. METHODS Handgrip strength was measured in 2637 healthy children/adolescents (1391 boys and 1246 girls), aged 7-18 years, using a standard adjustable Jamar hand dynamometer (Model 5030 J1, Sammons Preston Rolyan, Bolingbrook, IL, USA). Body mass (kg) and stature (cm) were measured and body mass index was computed in kg/m2. The sample was stratified by gender, age, and hand preference. RESULTS Handgrip strength increased with age and was considerably higher in boys than in girls for all age groups (p < 0.001). Grip strength had a parallel and linear growth for both genders until the age of about 11 years and showed a steeper upward slope in boys than in girls thereafter. The findings of the current investigation were significantly different from those of the previously published normative data, especially for boys over the age of 12 years and girls in the age range of 7-18 years (p < 0.001). This difference was mainly in such a way that the Iranians had lower handgrip strength. CONCLUSIONS The differences between present results and those of similar available in the literature in this field emphasize the significant role of using normative data specific to a particular population in research or clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Rostamzadeh
- Occupational Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Saremi
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center (WHPRC), School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Abouhossein
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center (WHPRC), School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Vosoughi
- Occupational Health Research Center, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Johan F M Molenbroek
- Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
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Seibert M, Mühlbauer V, Holbrook J, Voigt-Radloff S, Brefka S, Dallmeier D, Denkinger M, Schönfeldt-Lecuona C, Klöppel S, von Arnim CAF. Efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer's disease and for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in older patients with moderate and severe functional impairments: a systematic review of controlled trials. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:131. [PMID: 34271969 PMCID: PMC8285815 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00867-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are physically frail or have substantial functional impairments. There is growing evidence that such patients are at higher risk for medication-induced adverse events. Furthermore, frailty seems to be more predictive of poor clinical outcomes than chronological age alone. To our knowledge, no systematic review of clinical trials examining drug therapy of AD or behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) has specifically focused on the topic of physical frailty. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in AD patients with frailty or significant functional impairments. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search in MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of drug therapy of AD and BPSD in patients with significant functional impairments according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and Cochrane research criteria. Significant functionally impaired patient populations were identified using the recommendations of the Medication and Quality of Life in frail older persons (MedQoL) Research Group. Screening, selection of studies, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Outcomes including functional status, cognitive function, changes in BPSD symptoms, clinical global impression and quality of life were analysed. For assessing harm, we assessed adverse events, drop-outs as a proxy for treatment tolerability and death. Results were analysed according to Cochrane standards and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS Of 45,045 search results, 38,447 abstracts and 187 full texts were screened, and finally, 10 RCTs were included in the systematic review. Selected articles evaluated pharmacotherapy with acetylcholinesterase-inhibitors (AChEI), anticonvulsants, antidepressants and antipsychotics. Studies of AChEIs suggested that patients with significant functional impairments had slight but significant improvements in cognition and that AChEIs were generally well tolerated. Studies of antidepressants did not show significant improvements in depressive symptoms. Antipsychotics and anticonvulsants showed small effects on some BPSD items but also higher rates of adverse events. However, due to the very small number of identified trials, the quality of evidence for all outcomes was low to very low. Overall, the small number of eligible studies demonstrates that significantly functional impaired older patients have not been adequately taken into consideration in most clinical trials investigating drug therapy of AD and BPSD. CONCLUSION Due to lack of evidence, it is not possible to give specific recommendations for drug therapy of AD and BSPD in frail older patients or older patients with significant functional impairments. Therefore, clinical trials focussing on frail older adults are urgently required. A standardized approach to physical frailty in future clinical studies is highly desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seibert
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - V Mühlbauer
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Institute for Geriatric Research, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany
| | - J Holbrook
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - S Voigt-Radloff
- Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine (for Cochrane Germany Foundation), Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - S Brefka
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Institute for Geriatric Research, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany
| | - D Dallmeier
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Institute for Geriatric Research, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - M Denkinger
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Institute for Geriatric Research, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany
| | - C Schönfeldt-Lecuona
- Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University Clinic Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - S Klöppel
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - C A F von Arnim
- Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany.
- Division of Geriatrics, University Medical Centre, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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178
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Liang X, Jiang CQ, Zhang WS, Zhu F, Jin YL, Cheng KK, Lam TH, Xu L. Association of a composite score of relative grip strength and timed up and go test with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:18376-18391. [PMID: 34273143 PMCID: PMC8351683 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: We investigated association of a score incorporating relative grip strength (RGS) and timed up and go (TUG) test with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older Chinese. Methods: Both RGS and TUG scores were classified into tertiles (0~2 points) and summed to yield RGS-TUG score, ranging from 0 to 4 points, with higher points indicating better physical function. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze association of RGS-TUG score with incident T2DM. Results: 3,892 participants without T2DM were followed up for an average of 3.6 years with 240 developing T2DM. After adjustment, those with the lowest RGS-TUG score, versus the highest, had higher fasting glucose, two-hour post-load glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, with β (95% confidence interval (CI)) being 0.21 (0.08, 0.33), 1.06 (0.69, 1.43) and 0.16 (0.06, 0.27), respectively. In participants with BMI of ≥25 kg/m2, those with the lowest RGS-TUG score showed a higher risk of T2DM (adjusted hazard ratio 3.01, 95% CI 1.04–8.69). No association was found for BMI of 18.5~<25 kg/m2 (P for interaction < 0.05). Conclusions: This is the first study showing lower RGS-TUG score was associated with increased glycemia and incident T2DM in older people with overweight/obesity. The underlying mechanisms warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Feng Zhu
- Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Ya Li Jin
- Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Kar Keung Cheng
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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179
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Combination of the G-8 Screening Tool and Hand-Grip Strength to Predict Long-Term Overall Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133363. [PMID: 34282772 PMCID: PMC8269387 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Geriatric 8 (G-8) is a known predictor of overall survival (OS) in older cancer patients, but is mainly based on nutritional aspects. This study aimed to assess if the G-8 combined with a hand-grip strength test (HGST) in patients with NSCLC treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy can predict long-term OS better than the G-8 alone. A total of 46 SBRT-treated patients with NSCLC of stage T1-T2N0M0 were included. Patients were divided into three groups: fit (normal G-8 and HGST), vulnerable (abnormal G-8 or HGST), or frail (abnormal G-8 and HGST). Statistically significant differences were found in 4-year OS between the fit, vulnerable, and frail groups (70% vs. 46% vs. 25%, p = 0.04), as well as between the normal and abnormal G-8 groups (69% vs. 39%, p = 0.02). In a multivariable analysis of OS, being vulnerable with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.03 or frail with an HR of 3.80 indicated poorer OS, but this did not reach statistical significance. This study suggests that there might be a benefit of adding a physical test to the G-8 for more precisely predicting overall survival in SBRT-treated patients with localized NSCLC. However, this should be confirmed in a larger study population.
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180
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Busatto GF, de Araújo AL, Duarte AJDS, Levin AS, Guedes BF, Kallas EG, Pinna FR, de Souza HP, da Silva KR, Sawamura MVY, Seelaender M, Imamura M, Garcia ML, Forlenza OV, Nitrini R, Damiano RF, Rocha VG, Batisttella LR, Carvalho CRRD. Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC): a protocol for a multidisciplinary prospective observational evaluation of a cohort of patients surviving hospitalisation in Sao Paulo, Brazil. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051706. [PMID: 34193506 PMCID: PMC8249176 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 may lead to persistent and potentially incapacitating clinical manifestations (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)). Using easy-to-apply questionnaires and scales (often by telephone interviewing), several studies evaluated samples of COVID-19 inpatients from 4 weeks to several months after discharge. However, studies conducting systematic multidisciplinary assessments of PASC manifestations are scarce, with thorough in-person objective evaluations restricted to modestly sized subsamples presenting greatest disease severity. METHODS AND ANALYSES We will conduct a prospective observational study of surviving individuals (above 18 years of age) from a cohort of over 3000 subjects with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who were treated as inpatients at the largest academic health centre in Sao Paulo, Brazil (Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo). All eligible subjects will be consecutively invited to undergo a 1-2-day series of multidisciplinary assessments at 2 time-points, respectively, at 6-9 months and 12-15 months after discharge. Assessment schedules will include detailed multidomain questionnaires applied by medical research staff, self-report scales, objective evaluations of cardiopulmonary functioning, physical functionality and olfactory status, standardised neurological, psychiatric and cognitive examinations, as well as diagnostic laboratory, muscle ultrasound and chest imaging exams. Remaining material from blood tests will be incorporated by a local biobank for use in future investigations on inflammatory markers, genomics, transcriptomics, peptidomics and metabolomics. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION All components of this programme have been approved by local research ethics committees. We aim to provide insights into the frequency and severity of chronic/post-COVID multiorgan symptoms, as well as their interrelationships and associations with acute disease features, sociodemographic variables and environmental exposures. Findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at scientific meetings. Additionally, we aim to provide a data repository to allow future pathophysiological investigations relating clinical PASC features to biomarker data extracted from blood samples. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER RBR-8z7v5wc; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo Filho Busatto
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Diretoria Executiva dos LIMs, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alberto José da Silva Duarte
- Departamento de Dermatologia, Laboratório de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiências, Faculdade de Medicina e Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Sara Levin
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Fukelmann Guedes
- Instituto Central, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Esper Georges Kallas
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Alergia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Rezende Pinna
- Instituto Central, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia, Laboratório de Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heraldo Possolo de Souza
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Laboratório de Emergências Clínicas, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia Regina da Silva
- Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marilia Seelaender
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta Imamura
- Instituto de Medicina Física e de Reabilitação, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michelle Louvaes Garcia
- Departamento de Cardio-Pneumologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Orestes Vicente Forlenza
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Furlan Damiano
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanderson Geraldo Rocha
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética e Hematologia Molecular, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Linamara Rizzo Batisttella
- Instituto de Medicina Física e de Reabilitação, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Reproducibility and agreement between three positions for handgrip assessment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12906. [PMID: 34145312 PMCID: PMC8213844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The protocol established for taking hand grip dynamometry measurements determines that the patient must be in a sitting position. This protocol cannot be applied due to the patient’s conditions in some cases, such as abdominal surgery, musculoskeletal spine or hip injuries. The purpose was to determine the reproducibility and level of agreement between the Handgrip dynamometry in supine position with the elbow flexed or extended, and the one measured in the sitting position, the design was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population were young apparently healthy between 18 and 30 years of age (N = 201). Handgrip measurement was performed on both upper limbs in a sitting position with a flexed elbow, a supine position with a flexed elbow, and supine position with the elbow extended. Reproducibility was nearly perfect in all positions (ICC 0.95–0.97). Regarding the level of agreement for the comparison between sitting and supine positions with a flexed elbow, an average difference of − 0.406. For supine position with an extended elbow and supine position with a flexed elbow, the average difference was − 1.479. Considering the results, clinicians or researchers can choose any of the positions evaluated herein and obtain reliable results as long as the standardization process is followed.
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Ramírez-Vélez R, Rincón-Pabón D, Correa-Bautista JE, García-Hermoso A, Izquierdo M. Handgrip strength: Normative reference values in males and females aged 6-64 Years old in a Colombian population. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 44:379-386. [PMID: 34330493 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Handgrip strength (HGS) is an indicator of overall strength; therefore, individual HGS measurements should be interpreted using geographic region and ethnic group references. AIMS The aim of this study was to develop new normative values for absolute and relative HGS in the Colombian population after stratification by sex, age, and body mass using the large National Representative Nutrition Survey 2015. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 3803 subjects aged 6-64 years. Absolute HGS was measured using a hand dynamometer with an adjustable grip, and normalized HGS was calculated by dividing the HGS by body mass. Smoothed centile tables for the P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, and P97 centiles were calculated using Cole's lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method. This study used a cutoff at 2 standard deviations (SDs) below the sex-specific peak mean value across the life course to define weak, absolute and relative HGS. RESULTS In men, HGS peaked at 26-33 years of age (~43.0 kg in P50), especially in the upper centiles, and fell away quickly. The pattern was different in females, where this value peaked at ages 25-33 (~26.0 kg in P50). We found a curvilinear pattern for HGS that declined with age in both sexes. There was significant variation in the slope for HGS in men and women around the age of 25 and 35 years, respectively. CONCLUSION The normative values presented here are a valuable source of information for the clinical assessment of HGS and for comparison with studies from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Rincón-Pabón
- ZIPATEFI (Zona de Investigaciones de Posgrados, Terapia Respiratoria y Fisioterapia de Areandina), Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Pereira, 110231, Colombia.
| | - Jorge E Correa-Bautista
- Grupo Rendimiento Físico Militar "RENFIMIL", Escuela Militar de Cadetes "General José María Córdova", Bogotá, 111211, Colombia.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain; Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago, 7500618, Chile.
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Parahiba SM, Spillere SR, Zuchinali P, Padilha GDR, Duarte MB, da Silveira IV, Dias LH, Knobloch IDS, Perry IS, Souza GC. Handgrip strength in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: Accuracy as a predictor of malnutrition and prognostic value. Nutrition 2021; 91-92:111352. [PMID: 34438252 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether handgrip strength (HGS) has diagnostic accuracy for malnutrition assessment and whether it is an independent predictor of 90-d mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). METHODS This cohort study evaluated patients with ADHF within 36 h of hospital admission. Subjective global assessment and handgrip dynamometry were performed and the patients' medical records were analyzed. Mortality was monitored by phone contact and/or medical record search after 90 d. Diagnostic accuracy was tested with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and survival was tested in a Cox model. RESULTS The sample consisted of 161 patients with ADHF who were predominantly male (62%) and older (77%), with a mean age of 68 y (60-75 y) and an ejection fraction of 37.7% ± 16.2%. According to subjective global assessment, 60% were suspected of malnourishment or were moderately or severely malnourished and these patients had lower HGS values than the well-nourished patients (P < 0.001). The ROC curve for HGS was sufficiently accurate to assess malnutrition (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.696; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.614-0.779; P < 0.001) and had very good accuracy to predict severe malnutrition (AUC = 0.817; 95% CI, 0.711-0.923, P < 0.001). When analyzed by sex, HGS could only accurately detect malnutrition in men, although it could detect severe malnutrition in both men and women. During the 90-d follow-up period, there were 16 deaths (9.9%). An HGS cutoff value of 25.5 kg for men was considered significant for 90-d mortality (hazard ratio, 8.6; 95% CI, 1.1-70.9; P = 0.045). CONCLUSION The results suggested that HGS is an independent indicator of malnutrition in patients with ADHF and can serve as a prognostic marker of 3-mo mortality in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suena Medeiros Parahiba
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefanny Ronchi Spillere
- Multiprofessional Health Residency Program/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Priccila Zuchinali
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Gabriela Dos Reis Padilha
- Nutrition and Dietetic Service/Instituto de Cardiologia - Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC-FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Melina Borba Duarte
- Nutrition and Dietetic Service/Instituto de Cardiologia - Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC-FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Izabele Vian da Silveira
- Nutrition and Dietetic Service/Instituto de Cardiologia - Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC-FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences: Cardiology, Instituto de Cardiologia - Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC-FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura Hoffman Dias
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Ingrid Schweigert Perry
- Food and Nutrition Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Correa Souza
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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184
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Kim H, Beom SH, Kim TH, Kim BJ. Association of Water Intake with Hand Grip Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061756. [PMID: 34064081 PMCID: PMC8224336 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent clinical studies have suggested that water intake enhances muscle mass, its impact on muscle strength remain unclear, especially in older adults. This cross-sectional, population-based study using a representative sample of Koreans investigated the relationship of water intake with hand grip strength (HGS) in 4443 older adults, including 2090 men aged ≥50 years and 2253 postmenopausal women. A digital grip strength dynamometer was used for HGS assessment. Low muscle strength was defined by the Korean-specific HGS cut-off value and adequate water intake was defined according to the Korean dietary reference intakes. In an unadjusted model, water intake was significantly higher in men and women without than with low muscle strength (both p < 0.001), but this difference disappeared after adjustment for confounding variables in both men (p = 0.050) and women (p = 0.245). Similarly, the correlation between water intake and HGS, the difference in HGS depending on adequate water intake status, and the risk of low muscle strength depending on water intake quartile were significant only in the unadjusted model. These data indicate that factors such as age, body size, and resistance exercise contribute to improvements in HGS in older adults, whereas water intake may not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonmok Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 02053, Korea; (H.K.); (S.H.B.); (T.H.K.)
| | - Sun Hee Beom
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 02053, Korea; (H.K.); (S.H.B.); (T.H.K.)
| | - Tae Ho Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 02053, Korea; (H.K.); (S.H.B.); (T.H.K.)
- Correspondence: (T.-H.K.); (B.-J.K.)
| | - Beom-Jun Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-H.K.); (B.-J.K.)
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Kim Y, Shin S, Hong N, Rhee Y. Low Serum Vitamin E Level Associated with Low Hand Grip Strength in Community-Dwelling Adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII) 2016-2018. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051598. [PMID: 34064628 PMCID: PMC8150409 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the association between serum vitamin E levels and hand grip strength (HGS) in community-dwelling adults data of 1011 men aged 50 years and older and 1144 postmenopausal women were analyzed. Low HGS was defined as HGS below the sex-stratified median value. Proportion of low HGS was the greatest in the lowest quintile of serum vitamin E level (<10.51 mg/L, 57.1%), with a decreasing trend toward the highest vitamin E quintile (>17.81 mg/L, 43.6%; p < 0.001). A one-unit (mg/L) decrease in vitamin E levels was associated with lower HGS in men (adjusted beta coefficient −0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.18 to −0.02, p = 0.019), but not in women (−0.01, 95% CI −0.06 to 0.03, p = 0.550). Compared with the middle quintile (Q3; 12.59–14.69 mg/L), the lowest vitamin E quintile (Q1) was associated with elevated odds of low HGS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.38, p = 0.045), independent of sociodemographic factors, health-related lifestyles, comorbidities, dietary intake, and cholesterol level. However, the odds of low HGS did not differ significantly in other vitamin E quintiles (Q2, aOR 1.12; Q4, aOR 1.38; Q5, aOR 1.12; p > 0.05). Individuals with the lowest quintile vitamin E level had elevated odds of low HGS independent of covariates, findings which merit further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjae Kim
- Division of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Sungjae Shin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.R.)
| | - Namki Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-0883
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.R.)
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Wiśniowska-Szurlej A, Ćwirlej-Sozańska A, Kilian J, Wołoszyn N, Sozański B, Wilmowska-Pietruszyńska A. Reference values and factors associated with hand grip strength among older adults living in southeastern Poland. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9950. [PMID: 33976319 PMCID: PMC8113334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Handgrip strength (HGS) is used as a biomarker for the state of health of older people, but the number of research publications containing the normative values of HGS in older adult populations is limited. The aim of the study was to define reference values and factors associated with HGS in older adults living in southeastern Poland. A cross-sectional study including 405 participants aged 65 and older was conducted. Handgrip strength for the dominant hand was assessed by the average of three trials using a JAMAR dynamometer. The sample was categorized into the following age groups: 65-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years, 80-84 years, 85 and over. The average HGS was 19.98 kg (16.91 kg for women and 26.19 kg for men). There was a decrease in handgrip strength across the age range in both sexes. The average handgrip strength of the older people was 17.97 kg (14.47 kg for women and 25.66 kg for men) for those aged 80-85 and 16.68 kg (13.51 kg for women and 21.77 kg for men) in the group over 85 years old. In both sexes, marital status was an independent factor associated with reduced handgrip strength. In conclusion, this study described, for the first time, handgrip strength values for the southeastern Polish population aged ≥ 65 years according to age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justyna Kilian
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Natalia Wołoszyn
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Bernard Sozański
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
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Shaughnessy KA, Hackney KJ, Clark BC, Kraemer WJ, Terbizan DJ, Bailey RR, McGrath R. A Narrative Review of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Functioning: Bringing a New Characteristic to Muscle Memory. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 73:1265-1278. [PMID: 31929158 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measures of handgrip strength have not only emerged as a clinically viable screening tool for determining risk for morbidity, functional disability, and early mortality, but also for helping to identify cognitive deficits. However, the phenomena that links low handgrip strength with cognitive decline remains unclear. The role of the muscular and neural systems, and their adaptations to muscle strengthening activities over the life course, may provide important information for how age-related changes to muscle mass, strength, and neural capacity influence cognition. Moreover, disentangling how handgrip strength and cognitive function are associated may help to inform healthcare providers working with aging adults and guide targeted interventions aiming to preserve muscle and cognitive functioning. OBJECTIVE To 1) highlight and summarize evidence examining the associations of handgrip strength and cognitive functioning, and 2) provide directions for future research in this area. METHODS Articles from the PubMed database were searched from November 2018-May 2019. The search term algorithm, inclusion and exclusion criteria were pre-specified by investigators. RESULTS Several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have revealed that measures of handgrip strength were associated with cognitive declines regardless of age demographics and the presence of comorbidities. CONCLUSION Handgrip strength can be used in clinical and epidemiological settings for helping to determine the onset and progression of cognitive impairment. Future research should continue to examine how handgrip strength and cognitive function are linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Shaughnessy
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Kyle J Hackney
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Brian C Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - William J Kraemer
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Donna J Terbizan
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Ryan R Bailey
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan McGrath
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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188
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Amo-Setién FJ, Leal-Costa C, Abajas-Bustillo R, González-Lamuño D, Redondo-Figuero C. Factors associated with grip strength among adolescents: An observational study. J Hand Ther 2021; 33:96-102. [PMID: 30503041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. INTRODUCTION The muscle strength has been studied in different populations in relation with individual and other factors. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to determine values of grip strength in adolescents and to examine its association with sex, age, weight, height, nutritional status, handedness, and academic performance. METHODS A total of 452 adolescents (246 men and 206 women) aged 12 to 17 years were included in the study. Grip strength was measured using a Takei dynamometer. RESULTS Boys were significantly stronger than girls with both the dominant hand (33.1 kgf vs 25.0 kgf; mean difference = 8.1 kgf; P < .001) and the nondominant hand (30.9 kgf vs 23.1 kgf; mean difference = 7.8 kgf; P < .001), and there was a significant increase in strength values as the age rises in both sexes (P < .001). The dominant hand was stronger than the nondominant one (29.4 kgf vs 27.3 kgf; mean difference = 2.1 kgf; P < .001), except for left-handed subjects who were significantly stronger than right-handed ones in their nondominant hand. Furthermore, strength was positively associated with nutritional status and negatively associated with academic performance in men. CONCLUSIONS Sex, age, handedness, nutritional status, and academic performance have a significant influence on the grip strength values. There seems to be a sexual dimorphism in the relationship between strength and both nutritional status and academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - César Leal-Costa
- Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Murcia, Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain.
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189
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Bai A, Xu W, Sun J, Liu J, Deng X, Wu L, Zou X, Zuo J, Zou L, Liu Y, Xie H, Zhang X, Fan L, Hu Y. Associations of sarcopenia and its defining components with cognitive function in community-dwelling oldest old. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:292. [PMID: 33957882 PMCID: PMC8101237 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02190-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the associations of sarcopenia and its defining components with cognitive function in community-dwelling oldest old (over 80 years old) in China. METHODS Sarcopenia was diagnosed by the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Logistic and linear regression models were used to explore the associations of sarcopenia and its defining components with risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and performance on multiple cognitive domains among 428 adults aged 80 years and older. RESULTS The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 35.5%, with 40.34% for men and 32.14% for women. The prevalence of MCI was higher among sarcopenic oldest old than non-sarcopenic oldest old (28.95% vs. 17.39%, p = 0.005). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that sarcopenia [odds ratio (OR) = 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-3.33], low handgrip strength (HS) [OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.40-3.87] and slow gait speed (GS) [OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.13-4.72] were significantly and independently associated with risk of MCI. Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that low HS was associated with worse performance in global cognitive function, visuospatial and executive function, naming and delayed recall. CONCLUSIONS Sarcopenia, low HS and low GS was significantly associated with MCI in community-dwelling oldest old. The associations between sarcopenia and its defining components with different cognitive subdomains could be further explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anying Bai
- Peking University Health Science Centre, School of Public Health, Beijing, China.,Geriatric Health Care Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Xu
- Geriatric Health Care Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Geriatric Health Care Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Geriatric Department of Beijing North Hospital Of Ordnance Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Deng
- Laboratory Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Linna Wu
- Geriatric Emergency Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zou
- Geriatric Cardiology Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zuo
- Geriatric Health Care Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Geriatric Health Care Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxia Liu
- Geriatric Health Care Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hengge Xie
- Neurology Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Neurology Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Fan
- Geriatric Health Care Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- Geriatric Health Care Department of The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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190
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Nishikawa H, Yoh K, Enomoto H, Nishimura T, Nishiguchi S, Iijima H. Clinical impact of the finger-circle test in patients with liver diseases. Hepatol Res 2021; 51:603-613. [PMID: 33772972 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To elucidate the relationship between the finger-circle test (Yubi-wakka [in Japanese] test; three levels of bigger, just-fits, and smaller) and sarcopenia-related factors and anthropometric parameters in patients with chronic liver disease (n = 202, 99 men, mean age 61 years). METHODS Patients with both grip strength decline (<26 kg for men and <18 kg for women) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) decline (<7.0 kg/m2 in men and <5.7 kg/m2 in female) were diagnosed as sarcopenia. RESULTS Liver cirrhosis was found in 56 patients (27.7%). The proportions of bigger, just-fits, and smaller in liver cirrhosis versus non-liver cirrhosis patients were 51.8%, 21.4%, and 26.8% versus 77.4%, 11.4%, and 8.2% (p < 0.01). The proportions of grip strength decline in patients with bigger, just-fits, and smaller were 12.0% (77/142), 21.2% (7/33), and 40.7% (11/27; overall p < 0.01). The proportions of SMI decline in patients with bigger, just-fits, and smaller were 9.9% (14/142), 45.5% (15/33), and 77.8% (21/27; overall p < 0.01). The proportions of sarcopenia in patients with bigger, just-fits, and smaller were 3.5% (5/142), 18.2% (6/33), and 33.3% (9/27; overall p < 0.01). In both sexes, arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, calf circumference, and waist circumference were significantly stratified according to the finger-circle test. In the multivariate analysis, smaller was an independent predictor for SMI decline (p < 0.01, risk ratio 8.188, bigger as a reference), and body mass index was an independent predictor for both SMI decline and sarcopenia. CONCLUSION The finger-circle test can be helpful for the screening of sarcopenia in chronic liver disease and is closely linked to body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nishikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.,Center for Clinical Research and Education, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yoh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hirayuki Enomoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroko Iijima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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191
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Zasadzka E, Pieczyńska A, Trzmiel T, Kleka P, Pawlaczyk M. Correlation between Handgrip Strength and Depression in Older Adults-A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094823. [PMID: 33946502 PMCID: PMC8124581 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Depression remains an important health problem among older adults and it may be correlated with the deterioration of physical fitness, whose chief indicator is hand grip strength (HGS). The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between depression and HGS among older populations using the available literature. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct databases were searched. The inclusion criteria were as follows: written in English and published after 2009, subject age: ≥60 years, HGS measured using a hand dynamometer, assessment of the depressive symptoms using a validated tool. The following articles were excluded: studies conducted among institutionalized subjects and/or populations with a specific disease. Results: The total combined effect of 33 results presented in 16 studies included in the meta-analysis, converted to the correlation coefficient, was OEr = −0.148 (SE = 0.030, 95%CI: −0.206–−0.091), indicating a weak, negative correlation between HGS and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The review of the literature and the meta-analysis demonstrated a relationship between low muscle strength and intensified depressive symptoms in older populations. Bearing in mind that depression is often unrecognized or underdiagnosed among older patients, lowered muscle strength should be an important sign for physicians and an incentive to screen them for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Zasadzka
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (A.P.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-854-65-73
| | - Anna Pieczyńska
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (A.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Tomasz Trzmiel
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (A.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Paweł Kleka
- Institute of Psychology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-589 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Mariola Pawlaczyk
- Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-623 Poznań, Poland;
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192
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Park S, Chae M, Park H, Park K. Higher Branched-Chain Amino Acid Intake Is Associated with Handgrip Strength among Korean Older Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051522. [PMID: 33946360 PMCID: PMC8146867 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a disease of old age characterized by decreased muscle mass and strength. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) promote muscle mass synthesis and increase muscle strength. We aimed to develop a dietary amino acid database and to examine the association between BCAA intake and handgrip strength in Korean older adults. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014–2018 were used. Overall, 4852 participants aged ≥65 years were included in the study. Demographic, lifestyle, and health data were obtained through interviews and questionnaires. The 24-h recall method was used to assess dietary intake. An amino acid database was established using the 9th revision of the Korean Standard Food Composition Table. The mean handgrip strength was estimated from triplicate measurements obtained using the dominant hand. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between BCAA intake and handgrip strength. Grains greatly contributed to amino acid intake; however, a significant negative association was observed between handgrip strength and increased BCAA intake through grains. In the fully adjusted model, leucine intake and handgrip strength showed a positive association. Thus, consuming BCAAs (especially leucine) via a variety of food sources can help maintain muscle health in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghee Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea;
| | - Minjeong Chae
- Nutrition and Functional Food Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Chungbuk, Korea;
| | - Hyoungsu Park
- Health & Nutrition R&D Group, Maeil Dairies Co., Ltd., Pyeongtaek 17714, Gyeonggi, Korea;
| | - Kyong Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-810-2879
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193
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Wiegert EVM, da Silva NF, de Oliveira LC, Calixto-Lima L. Reference values for handgrip strength and their association with survival in patients with incurable cancer. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 76:93-102. [PMID: 33911207 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Handgrip strength (HGS) is a potential predictor of outcomes in cancer setting. However, reference values for this population are lacking. The study aimed to describe reference values and cutoff point for HGS in adults with incurable cancer in Brazil and to verify the association of reference values with prognostic. METHODS Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort, conducted with 1,868 patients at the National Cancer Institute in Brazil were analyzed. HGS (kg) data were obtained with a Jamar® hydraulic dynamometer. Description of percentile values of HGS was stratified by sex and age groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve was performed to determine the optimal HGS cutoff point by sex and age according to performance status. Kaplan-Meier curves was used to analyze the probability of survival and Cox's proportional model used to identify whether HGS predict 180-d mortality. RESULTS HGS value was significantly higher in male than in female and decreased with increasing age. Sex-specific HGS cutoff values ranged from 32.5 to 24.5 kg in males and 20.5 to 18.5 kg in females (with younger adults stronger than the older ones). When compared to HGS ≥50th, patients with HGS ≤10th percentile had significantly lower survival, as well as patients classified below the HGS cutoff point. In addition, patients with lower HGS percentiles showed increased risk of mortality regardless of sex and age. CONCLUSION Reference values can inform the clinical assessment of HGS, which is recognized as an important part of the identification of patients with incurable cancer with reduced physical function and short survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Livia Costa de Oliveira
- Palliative Care Unit, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Larissa Calixto-Lima
- Palliative Care Unit, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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194
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Muscle Performance Changes with Age in Active Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094477. [PMID: 33922474 PMCID: PMC8122865 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine age-related differences in muscle performance in women divided into young (YW, 20–39 years, n = 29) middle-aged (MAW, 40–59 years, n = 33), and older (OW, ≥60 years, n = 40) age groups. Methods: Hand grip strength, vertical jump performance, and knee extensor (KE) strength (0 deg/s, 60 deg/s, and 240 deg/s), speed of movement (SoM; at 1 Nm, 20%, 40%, and 60% isometric strength), and endurance (30-repetition test at 60 degs/s and 240 deg/s) were assessed. Computed tomography-acquired muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) was measured and included to determine specific strength (KE strength/mCSA). Results: Hand grip strength was similar across groups, while jump performance declined with age (YW and MAW > OW, p < 0.001). KE strength declined significantly with age (all conditions p < 0.01), while specific strength was similar across groups. SoM was significantly higher for YW and MAW compared to OW (both p < 0.01). An age × velocity interaction revealed YW KE endurance was similar between conditions, whereas MAW and OW displayed significantly better endurance during the 60 deg/s condition. OW displayed impaired KE endurance at 240 deg/s (vs. YW and MAW, p < 0.01) but improved at 60 deg/s (vs. YW, p < 0.01). Dynamic torque decline increased with age (YW < OW, p = 0.03) and was associated with intramuscular adipose tissue (r = 0.21, p = 0.04). Conclusions: Performance declines were most evident among OW, but few performance deficits had emerged in MAW. Interestingly, strength declines disappeared after normalizing to mCSA and endurance appears to be velocity-dependent.
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195
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Jäkel B, Kedor C, Grabowski P, Wittke K, Thiel S, Scherbakov N, Doehner W, Scheibenbogen C, Freitag H. Hand grip strength and fatigability: correlation with clinical parameters and diagnostic suitability in ME/CFS. J Transl Med 2021; 19:159. [PMID: 33874961 PMCID: PMC8056497 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex and debilitating disease accompanied by muscular fatigue and pain. A functional measure to assess muscle fatigability of ME/CFS patients is, however, not established in clinical routine. The aim of this study is to evaluate by assessing repeat maximum handgrip strength (HGS), muscle fatigability as a diagnostic tool and its correlation with clinical parameters. METHODS We assessed the HGS of 105 patients with ME/CFS, 18 patients with Cancer related fatigue (CRF) and 66 healthy controls (HC) using an electric dynamometer assessing maximal (Fmax) and mean force (Fmean) of ten repetitive measurements. Results were correlated with clinical parameters, creatinine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Further, maximum isometric quadriceps strength measurement was conducted in eight ME/CFS patients and eight HC. RESULTS ME/CFS patients have a significantly lower Fmax and Fmean HGS compared to HC (p < 0.0001). Further, Fatigue Ratio assessing decline in strength during repeat maximal HGS measurement (Fmax/Fmean) was higher (p ≤ 0.0012). The Recovery Ratio after an identical second testing 60 min later was significantly lower in ME/CFS compared to HC (Fmean2/Fmean1; p ≤ 0.0020). Lower HGS parameters correlated with severity of disease, post-exertional malaise and muscle pain and with higher CK and LDH levels after exertion. CONCLUSION Repeat HGS assessment is a sensitive diagnostic test to assess muscular fatigue and fatigability and an objective measure to assess disease severity in ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Jäkel
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Kedor
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patricia Grabowski
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- MVZ Onkologie Havelhöhe, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirsten Wittke
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Thiel
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadja Scherbakov
- Department of Cardiology (Virchow Klinikum), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram Doehner
- Department of Cardiology (Virchow Klinikum), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Scheibenbogen
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helma Freitag
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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196
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Mgbemena N, Jones A, Leicht AS. Relationship between handgrip strength and lung function in adults: a systematic review. Physiother Theory Pract 2021; 38:1908-1927. [PMID: 33870831 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2021.1901323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Handgrip strength (HGS) is a functional test that has been directly associated with lung function in some healthy populations; however, inconsistent findings have been reported for populations with chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between HGS and lung function in both healthy and unhealthy adults. A systematic search was conducted using six databases from their earliest inception to February 29, 2020. Two authors reviewed and assessed methodological quality of eligible studies using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool (CCAT). Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria with 8 and 17 studies examining healthy and unhealthy populations, respectively. Reported average methodological quality of all included studies using the CCAT was 38-85% with most rated as Good to Excellent. Despite the use of heterogeneous equipment and protocols during HGS and lung function assessments, significant positive and moderate correlations and/or regression coefficients were reported for healthy populations consistently. Conversely, the reported relationships between HGS and lung function for unhealthy counterparts were variable. Handgrip strength was significantly associated with lung function in most healthy adults. Future robust studies are needed to confirm the suitability of HGS to assess lung function for healthy and unhealthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnamdi Mgbemena
- Department of Physiotherapy, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anne Jones
- Department of Physiotherapy, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anthony S Leicht
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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197
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Ramírez-Vélez R, García-Hermoso A, Correa-Rodríguez M, Lobelo F, González-Ruiz K, Izquierdo M. Abdominal aortic calcification is associated with decline in handgrip strength in the U.S. adult population ≥40 years of age. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1035-1043. [PMID: 33573921 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The present study investigated the association between abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and handgrip strength (HGS) and the ability of HGS to predict an increased AAC phenotype in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS The analysis consisted of data for 3140 men and women aged ≥40 years (51.7% women) from the 2013-2014 NHANES. Lateral scans of the thoraco-lumbar spine (L1-L4) were scored for AAC using a validated 8-point scale (AAC-8); subjects with a score of ≥3 were considered at increased risk for cardiovascular disease due to a high AAC phenotype. HGS was assessed using a grip dynamometer. The prevalence of severe AAC in the population was 9.0%. Decline in HGS was associated with higher AAC-8 scores in men and women (p < 0.001). General linear model analysis showed that HGS levels were negatively associated with high AAC (p < 0.001) and AAC-8 status for both sexes. Likewise, for each 5-kg higher HGS, there lower odds of a high AAC phenotype (in men OR = 0.73, CI95%, 0.64-0.84) and (women OR = 0.58, CI95%, 0.47-0.70). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the HGS threshold value to detect high risk of AAC in adults was ≥37.3 kg (AUC = 0.692) in men and 25.1 kg (AUC = 0.705) in women. CONCLUSION Lower muscular strength, as measured by HGS, is associated with higher AAC scores in the U.S. population ≥40 years of age. Accordingly, maintenance of muscular strength during aging may protect adults against vascular calcification, an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. HGS measurement seems to be a valid screening tool for detecting a high ACC phenotype in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago, 7500618, Chile.
| | - María Correa-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Av. Ilustración, 60, 18016, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS, Avda, de Madrid, 15, Pabellón de consultas externas 2, 2(a) planta, 18012, Granada, Spain.
| | - Felipe Lobelo
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Exercise is Medicine Global Research and Collaboration Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Katherine González-Ruiz
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá, 110231, Colombia.
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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198
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Kozieł S, Chakraborty R, Bose K, Ignasiak Z, Gomula A, Nowak-Szczepanska N. The effect of a natural disaster on handgrip strength in prepubertal Indian children exposed to a severe cyclone during the prenatal and early postnatal growth. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7473. [PMID: 33811238 PMCID: PMC8018953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural disasters (NDs) experienced by women and their children during prenatal and infant growth may have long-lasting effects on offspring’s development. Handgrip strength (HGS) is one of the measures of muscular strength and an indicator of health status. This study compared HGS in children exposed to cyclone Aila in India during their prenatal and infant growth compared to a control group from a non-affected, adjacent area. The total sample involved 444 boys and 423 girls aged 7–9 years, categorised into 3 groups: prenatally exposed to Aila, exposed to Aila in infancy, and the control group, non-exposed to Aila. Results revealed that prenatally exposed children of both sexes had significantly lower HGS than the controls (at least, p < 0.001 in boys; p < 0.05 in girls). On the other hand, the postnatally exposed boys, but not the girls, showed lower HGS than the controls. A significant effect of a group factor (ND exposure) on HGS was observed even after controlling for confounding variables (age, height, BMI, birth weight, gestational age; at least, p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that prenatal or early postnatal experience of a ND may have association with impaired HGS in prepubertal children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Department of Anthropology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Raja Chakraborty
- Department of Anthropology, Dinabandhu Mahavidyalaya, Bongaon, West Bengal, India.
| | - Kaushik Bose
- Department of Anthropology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Zofia Ignasiak
- Department of Biostructure, University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gomula
- Department of Anthropology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska
- Department of Anthropology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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Ultrasonographic Size of the Thenar Muscles of the Nondominant Hand Correlates with Total Body Lean Mass in Healthy Subjects. Acad Radiol 2021; 28:517-523. [PMID: 32739076 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes in clinical situations such as elderly population, in-hospital setting and oncologic patients. However, no direct measurement of muscular mass is routinely available for clinicians. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between thenar musculature of the nondominant hand evaluated by ultrasound and body fat-free mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this one-center, cross-sectional, observational study, the width and depth of thenar muscles of both hands was assessed by ultrasonography. Nondominant hand musculature was taken as reference as a better estimator of total body muscular mass. These data were compared to body composition by bioimpedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), hand grip strength, arm muscular area and physical activity (with International Physical Activity Questionnaire ). Statistical correlation was determined for each parameter. RESULTS We obtained ultrasonographic measurements, International Physical Activity Questionnaire and hand grip strength from 83 subjects, whereas bioimpedance was performed in 64 subjects and DXA in 29 subjects. The strongest correlations were found between longitudinal thenar depth vs fat-free mass index (fat-free mass in DXA [kg]/height2 [m]) (r = 0.63, p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.34-0.81), longitudinal depth and hand dynamometry (r = 0.72, p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.59-0.81), longitudinal depth and DXA fat-free total mass (r = 0.76, p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.54-0.88), transversal thenar depth vs fat-free mass index (r = 0.67, p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.41-0.83), transversal width and DXA fat-free total mass (r = 0.62, p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.33-0.8), transversal depth and DXA nonfat total mass (r = 0.81, p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.63-0.91). CONCLUSION Ultrasonographic examination of the nondominant thenar musculature is a fast and simple way of assessing total body fat-free mass, showing a good correlation with body composition measured by bioimpedance analysis and DXA, hand grip strength and arm muscular area.
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The association between hand grip strenght and global PSQI score in the middleaged and elderly population. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41105-020-00302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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