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Liu C, Li Q, Ma JX, Lu B, Criswell T, Zhang Y. Exosome-mediated renal protection: Halting the progression of fibrosis. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101117. [PMID: 39263535 PMCID: PMC11388648 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a complex and multifactorial process that involves inflammation, cell proliferation, collagen, and fibronectin deposition in the kidney, ultimately leading to chronic kidney disease and even end-stage renal disease. The main goal of treatment is to slow down or halt the progression of fibrosis and to improve or preserve kidney function. Despite significant progress made in understanding the underlying mechanisms of renal fibrosis, current therapies have limited renal protection as the disease progresses. Exosomes derived from stem cells are a newer area of research for the treatment of renal fibrosis. Exosomes as nano-sized extracellular vesicles carry proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which can be taken up by local or distant cells, serving as mediators of intercellular communication and as drug delivery vehicles. Exosomes deliver molecules that reduce inflammation, renal fibrosis and extracellular matrix protein production, and promote tissue regeneration in animal models of kidney disease. Additionally, they have several advantages over stem cells, such as being non-immunogenic, having low risk of tumor formation, and being easier to produce and store. This review describes the use of natural and engineered exosomes containing therapeutic agents capable of mediating anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic processes during both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Exosome-based therapies will be compared with stem cell-based treatments for tissue regeneration, with a focus on renal protection. Finally, future directions and strategies for improving the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, United States
| | - Baisong Lu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Tracy Criswell
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
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152
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Nascakova Z, He J, Papa G, Francas B, Azizi F, Müller A. Helicobacter pylori induces the expression of Lgr5 and stem cell properties in gastric target cells. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402783. [PMID: 39191487 PMCID: PMC11350067 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection predisposes carriers to a high risk of developing gastric cancer. The cell-of-origin of antral gastric cancer is the Lgr5+ stem cell. Here, we show that infection of antrum-derived gastric organoid cells with H. pylori increases the expression of the stem cell marker Lgr5 as determined by immunofluorescence microscopy, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting, both when cells are grown and infected as monolayers and when cells are exposed to H. pylori in 3D structures. H. pylori exposure increases stemness properties as determined by spheroid formation assay. Lgr5 expression and the acquisition of stemness depend on a functional type IV secretion system (T4SS) and at least partly on the T4SS effector CagA. The pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of NF-κB reverses the increase in Lgr5 and spheroid formation. Constitutively active Wnt/β-catenin signaling because of Apc inactivation exacerbates H. pylori-induced Lgr5 expression and stemness, both of which persist even after eradication of the infection. The combined data indicate that H. pylori has stemness-inducing properties that depend on its ability to activate NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nascakova
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jiazhuo He
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Papa
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Biel Francas
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Flora Azizi
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Müller
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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153
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Barter MJ, Turner DA, Rice SJ, Hines M, Lin H, Falconer AMD, McDonnell E, Soul J, Arques MDC, Europe-Finner GN, Rowan AD, Young DA, Wilkinson DJ. SERPINA3 is a marker of cartilage differentiation and is essential for the expression of extracellular matrix genes during early chondrogenesis. Matrix Biol 2024; 133:33-42. [PMID: 39097037 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Serine proteinase inhibitors (serpins) are a family of structurally similar proteins which regulate many diverse biological processes from blood coagulation to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. Chondrogenesis involves the condensation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into chondrocytes which occurs during early development. Here, and for the first time, we demonstrate that one serpin, SERPINA3 (gene name SERPINA3, protein also known as alpha-1 antichymotrypsin), plays a critical role in chondrogenic differentiation. We observed that SERPINA3 expression was markedly induced at early time points during in vitro chondrogenesis. We examined the expression of SERPINA3 in human cartilage development, identifying significant enrichment of SERPINA3 in developing cartilage compared to total limb, which correlated with well-described markers of cartilage differentiation. When SERPINA3 was silenced using siRNA, cartilage pellets were smaller and contained lower proteoglycan as determined by dimethyl methylene blue assay (DMMB) and safranin-O staining. Consistent with this, RNA sequencing revealed significant downregulation of genes associated with cartilage ECM formation perturbing chondrogenesis. Conversely, SERPINA3 silencing had a negligible effect on the gene expression profile during osteogenesis suggesting the role of SERPINA3 is specific to chondrocyte differentiation. The global effect on cartilage formation led us to investigate the effect of SERPINA3 silencing on the master transcriptional regulator of chondrogenesis, SOX9. Indeed, we observed that SOX9 protein levels were markedly reduced at early time points suggesting a role for SERPINA3 in regulating SOX9 expression and activity. In summary, our data support a non-redundant role for SERPINA3 in enabling chondrogenesis via regulation of SOX9 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Barter
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - David A Turner
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Sarah J Rice
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Mary Hines
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Hua Lin
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Adrian M D Falconer
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Euan McDonnell
- Computational Biology Facility, University of Liverpool, MerseyBio, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Jamie Soul
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; Computational Biology Facility, University of Liverpool, MerseyBio, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Maria Del Carmen Arques
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - G Nicholas Europe-Finner
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Andrew D Rowan
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - David A Young
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - David J Wilkinson
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
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154
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Liu JM, Luo HR. Novel neutrophil biology insights underlying atypical chemokine receptor-1/Duffy antigen receptor of chemokines-associated neutropenia. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:302-306. [PMID: 39045882 PMCID: PMC11426986 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Atypical chemokine receptor-1 (ACKR1)/Duffy antigen receptor of chemokines (DARC)-associated neutropenia (ADAN; OMIM 611862), previously named benign ethnic neutropenia, and present in two-thirds of individuals identifying as Black in the USA, is associated with mild to moderate decreases in peripheral neutrophil counts that nevertheless do not lead to increased infections. Consequently, recent initiatives have sought to establish normal neutrophil count reference ranges for ADAN, considering it a normal variant rather than a clinical disorder requiring medical intervention. RECENT FINDINGS A limited number of studies elucidating the mechanism of neutropenia in ADAN has suggested that neutrophils may redistribute from peripheral blood to the tissues including the spleen: this might explain why ADAN is not associated with increased risks of infection since the total number of neutrophils in the body remains normal. In this review, we critically examine the research underlying the molecular basis of ADAN. SUMMARY Insights into the biology of neutrophils and their trafficking may inform the clinical interpretation of neutropenia in ADAN. The bulk of research suggests that ADAN does not lead to a diminished host defense as do other forms of neutropenia. However, ADAN may lead to increased proinflammatory signaling, with possible implications for senescence of the immune system and predisposition to autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson M. Liu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Hongbo R. Luo
- Harvard Medical School and Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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155
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Chen Z, Zheng X, Shu X, Hua G, Zhu R, Sun L, Chen J. Supplemental L-arginine promotes hepatocyte proliferation and alters liver fatty acid metabolism in the late embryonic phase: an RNA-seq analysis. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104175. [PMID: 39216267 PMCID: PMC11402549 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The in ovo feeding (IOF) of L-arginine (L-Arg) to chick embryos is a viable method for improving early intestinal development, subsequently leading to an acceleration in growth rate during the posthatch stage. However, the liver, being the pivotal organ for energy metabolism in poultry, the precise effects and mechanisms of L-Arg on the liver development and metabolism remain unclear. To elucidate these, the present study injected 2 doses of L-Arg (10 mg/egg and 15 mg/egg) into the embryos of Hongyao chickens at 17.5 d of incubation, subsequently incubating them until d 19 for further analysis. IOF of 15 mg L-Arg/egg significantly increased the organ indices of liver and small intestine, as well as the duodenal villus height/crypt depth. RNA-Seq analysis of liver tissues showed that the metabolism of xenobiotics, amino acid metabolism, and the fatty acid metabolism were significantly enriched in L-Arg injection group. The core differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily involved in cell proliferation and fatty acid metabolism. The CCK8 assays revealed that supplemental L-Arg significantly enhanced the proliferation of primary embryo hepatocytes and leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cells. Upregulation of core DEGs, including HBEGF, HES4, NEK3, EGR1, and USP2, significantly promoted the proliferation of liver cells. Additionally, analysis of triglyceride and total cholesterol content, as well as oil red O staining, indicated that supplemental L-Arg effectively reduced lipid accumulation. Overall, L-Arg supplementation in late chick embryos may promote early liver and small intestine development by reducing liver lipid deposition and enhancing energy efficiency, necessitating further experimental validation. This study provides profound insights into the molecular regulatory network of L-Arg in promoting the development of chicken embryos. The identified DEGs that promote cell proliferation and lipid metabolism can serve as novel targets for further developing methods to enhance early development of chicken embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Xiaotong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Xin Shu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Guoying Hua
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Runbang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Liumei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Jianfei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
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156
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Rawat K, Gautam V, Sandhu A, Kumar A, Sharma A, Bhatia A, Saha L. Wnt Signaling Modulators Exhibit Neuroprotective Effects via Combating Astrogliosis and Balancing Synaptic Density at Early and Late Stage Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:3156-3175. [PMID: 39235578 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is a severe neurological condition characterized by recurrent seizures that often do not respond well to available anti-seizure medications. TLE has been associated with epileptogenesis, a process that starts during the latent period following a neurologic insult and is followed by chronic phase. Recent research has linked canonical Wnt signaling to the pathophysiology of epileptogenesis and TLE. Our previous study demonstrated differential regulation of canonical Wnt signaling during early and late stage post status epilepticus (SE) induction. Building on these findings, our current study utilized Wnt modulators: GSK-3β inhibitor 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (6-Bio) and disheveled inhibitor niclosamide and investigated their impact on canonical Wnt signaling during the early (30 days) and later stages (60 days) following SE induction. We assessed several parameters, including seizure frequency, astrogliosis, synaptic density, and neuronal counts in hippocampal tissue. We used immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining to evaluate gliosis, synaptic density, and neuronal counts in micro-dissected hippocampi. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of proteins involved in canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and real-time PCR was conducted to analyze their relative mRNA expression. Wnt modulators, 6-Bio and Niclosamide were found to reduce seizure frequency and various other parameters including behavioral parameters, hippocampal morphology, astrogliosis and synaptic density at different stages of TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Rawat
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Vipasha Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Arushi Sandhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Antika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Lekha Saha
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Block B, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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157
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Qing J, Li C, Zhi H, Zhang L, Wu J, Li Y. Exploring macrophage heterogeneity in IgA nephropathy: Mechanisms of renal impairment and current therapeutic targets. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112748. [PMID: 39106714 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
The lack of understanding of the mechanism of renal injury in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) hinders the development of personalized treatment plans and targeted therapies. Improved insight into the cause of renal dysfunction in IgAN is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of strategies for slowing the progression of the disease. This study examined single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) and bulk-RNA seq data and found that the gene expression of renal intrinsic cells (RIC) was significantly changed in patients with renal impairment, with a primary focus on energy metabolism. We discovered a clear metabolic reprogramming of RIC during renal function impairment (RF) using the 'scMetabolism' package, which manifested as a weakening of oxidative phosphorylation, alterations in fatty acid metabolism, and changes in glycolysis. Cellular communication analysis revealed that communication between macrophages (Ma) and RIC became more active and impacted cell function through the ligand-receptor-transcription factor (L-R-TF) axis in patients with RF. Our studies showed a notable upsurge in the expression of gene CLU and the infiltration of CLU+ Ma in patients with RF. CLU is a multifunctional protein, extensively involved in processes such as cell apoptosis and immune responses. Data obtained from the Nephroseq V5 database and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) were used to validate the findings, which were found to be robustly correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of the IgAN patients, as demonstrated by linear regression (LR). This study provides new insights into the cellular and molecular changes that occur in IgAN during renal impairment, revealing that elevated expression of CLU and CLU+ Ma percolation are common features in patients with RF. These findings offer potential targets and strategies for personalized management and targeted therapy of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Qing
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Changqun Li
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Huiwen Zhi
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Junnan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yafeng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Medicinal Basic Research Innovation Center of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Academy of Microbial Ecology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Department of Nephrology, Hejin Municipal People's Hospital, Yuncheng 043300, China.
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158
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Huang Q, Zhu J. Regulatory T cell-based therapy in type 1 diabetes: Latest breakthroughs and evidence. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112724. [PMID: 39098233 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are among the most significant health complications, with their incidence rising in recent years. Type 1 diabetes (T1D), an AD, targets the insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas, leading to chronic insulin deficiency in genetically susceptible individuals. Regulatory immune cells, particularly T-cells (Tregs), have been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetes by modulating immune responses. In diabetic patients, Tregs often exhibit diminished effectiveness due to various factors, such as instability in forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) expression or abnormal production of the proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) by autoreactive T-cells. Consequently, Tregs represent a potential therapeutic target for diabetes treatment. Building on the successful clinical outcomes of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in cancer treatment, particularly in leukemias, the concept of designing and utilizing CAR Tregs for ADs has emerged. This review summarizes the findings on Treg targeting in T1D and discusses the benefits and limitations of this treatment approach for patients suffering from T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongxiao Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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159
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Rosochowicz MA, Lach MS, Richter M, Jagiełło I, Suchorska WM, Trzeciak T. The iPSC secretome is beneficial for in vitro propagation of primary osteoarthritic chondrocytes cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 730:150392. [PMID: 39003867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the obstacles to autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is obtaining a large quantity of chondrocytes without depletion of their properties. The conditioned medium (CM) from different subpopulations of stem cells (mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)) could be a gamechanger. MSCs' potential is related to the donor's health and age, which could be omitted when, as a source, iPSCs are used. There is a lack of data regarding their use in the chondrocyte culture expansion. Thus, we wanted to verify whether iPSC-CM could be beneficial for the cell culture of primary chondrocyte cells. METHODS We added the iPSC-CMs from GPCCi001-A and ND 41658*H cells to the culture of primary chondrocyte cell lines isolated from OA patients (n = 6) for other two passages. The composition of the CM was evaluated using Luminex technology. Then, we analysed the senescence, proliferation rate and using flow cytometry: viability, distribution of cell cycle phases, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and double-strand breaks. The cartilage-related markers were evaluated using Western blot and immunofluorescence. Additionally, a three-dimensional cell culture was used to determine the potential to form cartilage particles. RESULTS iPSC-CM increased proliferation and diminished cell ROS production and senescence. CM influenced the cartilage-related protein expression and promoted the growth of cartilage particles. The cell exposed to CM did not lose the ECM proteins, suggesting the chondroprotective effect for prolonged culture time. CONCLUSION Our preliminary results suggest a beneficial effect on maintaining chondrocyte biology during in vitro expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Rosochowicz
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956r. 135/147 Street, 61-545, Poznan, Poland; Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Michał S Lach
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956r. 135/147 Street, 61-545, Poznan, Poland; Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Richter
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956r. 135/147 Street, 61-545, Poznan, Poland
| | - Inga Jagiełło
- Department of Tumour Pathology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiktoria M Suchorska
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866, Poznan, Poland; Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Trzeciak
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956r. 135/147 Street, 61-545, Poznan, Poland
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160
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Filipczak D, Souchet A, Georgiou K, Foisner R, Naetar N. Lamin chromatin binding is modulated by interactions of different LAP2α domains with lamins and chromatin. iScience 2024; 27:110869. [PMID: 39319273 PMCID: PMC11417337 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Lamins A and C are components of the lamina at the nuclear periphery and associate with heterochromatin. A distinct, relatively mobile pool of lamin A/C in the nuclear interior associates with euchromatic regions and with lamin-associated polypeptide 2α (LAP2α). Here we show that phosphorylation-dependent impairment of lamin assembly had no effect on its chromatin association, while LAP2α depletion was sufficient to increase chromatin association of lamins. This suggests that complex interactions between LAP2α, chromatin, and lamins regulate lamin chromatin binding. Both the C terminus of LAP2α and its N-terminal LAP2-Emerin-MAN1 (LEM) domain, mediating interaction with lamin A/C indirectly via barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF), are required for binding to lamins. The N-terminal LEM-like domain of LAP2α, but not its LEM domain, mediates chromatin association of LAP2α and requires LAP2α dimerization via its C terminus. Our data suggest that formation of several LAP2α-, lamin A/C-, and BAF-containing complexes in the nucleoplasm and on chromatin affects lamin chromatin association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Filipczak
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, a Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1030, Austria
| | - Anna Souchet
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Konstantina Georgiou
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, a Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1030, Austria
| | - Roland Foisner
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Nana Naetar
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 / Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna 1030, Austria
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161
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Palmer JW, Villavicencio KM, Idris M, Baranyk IJ, Polycarp N, Dawson AD, Weddle D, Pavan WJ, Filipp FV, Harris ML. Quiescence and aging of melanocyte stem cells and a novel association with programmed death-ligand 1. iScience 2024; 27:110908. [PMID: 39351197 PMCID: PMC11440800 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular quiescence is a reversible and tightly regulated stem cell function essential for healthy aging. However, the elements that control quiescence during aging remain poorly defined. Using melanocyte stem cells (McSCs), we find that stem cell quiescence is neither passive nor static. For example, gene expression profiling of the transition from proliferating melanoblasts to quiescent melanocyte stem cells reveals tissue-specific regulation of the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1. In vitro, quiescence assays demonstrate that PD-L1 expression is a physiological attribute of quiescence in this cell lineage and reinforces this cell state. In vivo, a subset of quiescent McSCs is marked by PD-L1. While the overall number of McSCs decreases with age, PD-L1+ McSCs appear resistant to depletion. This phenomenon coincides with an aged McSC pool that exhibits a deeper transcriptomic quiescence. We predict that quiescent PD-L1+ stem cells retained with age may serve as cellular targets for reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Palmer
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Misgana Idris
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ian J Baranyk
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nunaya Polycarp
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alex D Dawson
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dominique Weddle
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - William J Pavan
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabian V Filipp
- Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraβe 1, 85764 München, Germany
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University München, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, 85748 München, Germany
- Metaflux, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Melissa L Harris
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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162
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Nedomova M, Haberecht-Müller S, Möller S, Venz S, Prochazkova M, Prochazka J, Sedlak F, Chawengsaksophak K, Hammer E, Kasparek P, Adamek M, Sedlacek R, Konvalinka J, Krüger E, Grantz Saskova K. DDI2 protease controls embryonic development and inflammation via TCF11/NRF1. iScience 2024; 27:110893. [PMID: 39328932 PMCID: PMC11424978 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
DDI2 is an aspartic protease that cleaves polyubiquitinated substrates. Upon proteotoxic stress, DDI2 activates the transcription factor TCF11/NRF1 (NFE2L1), crucial for maintaining proteostasis in mammalian cells, enabling the expression of rescue factors, including proteasome subunits. Here, we describe the consequences of DDI2 ablation in vivo and in cells. DDI2 knock-out (KO) in mice caused embryonic lethality at E12.5 with severe developmental failure. Molecular characterization of embryos showed insufficient proteasome expression with proteotoxic stress, accumulation of high molecular weight ubiquitin conjugates and induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and cell death pathways. In DDI2 surrogate KO cells, proteotoxic stress activated the integrated stress response (ISR) and induced a type I interferon (IFN) signature and IFN-induced proliferative signaling, possibly ensuring survival. These results indicate an important role for DDI2 in the cell-tissue proteostasis network and in maintaining a balanced immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Nedomova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo n. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Katerinska 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Stefanie Haberecht-Müller
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Klinikum DZ 7, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sophie Möller
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Klinikum DZ 7, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Simone Venz
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Klinikum DZ 7, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michaela Prochazkova
- Department of Functional Genomics, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Department of Functional Genomics, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frantisek Sedlak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo n. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Katerinska 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Kallayanee Chawengsaksophak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics and Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Elke Hammer
- Department of Functional Genomics, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Petr Kasparek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics and Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Adamek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo n. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics and Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Konvalinka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo n. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Elke Krüger
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Klinikum DZ 7, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Klara Grantz Saskova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo n. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic
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163
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Blasco Pedreros M, Salas N, Dos Santos Melo T, Miranda-Magalhães A, Almeida-Lima T, Pereira-Neves A, de Miguel N. Role of a novel uropod-like cell membrane protrusion in the pathogenesis of the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs262210. [PMID: 39129707 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis causes trichomoniasis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. As an extracellular parasite, adhesion to host cells is essential for the development of infection. During attachment, the parasite changes its tear ovoid shape to a flat ameboid form, expanding the contact surface and migrating through tissues. Here, we have identified a novel structure formed at the posterior pole of adherent parasite strains, resembling the previously described uropod, which appears to play a pivotal role as an anchor during the attachment process. Moreover, our research demonstrates that the overexpression of the tetraspanin T. vaginalis TSP5 protein (TvTSP5), which is localized on the cell surface of the parasite, notably enhances the formation of this posterior anchor structure in adherent strains. Finally, we demonstrate that parasites that overexpress TvTSP5 possess an increased ability to adhere to host cells, enhanced aggregation and reduced migration on agar plates. Overall, these findings unveil novel proteins and structures involved in the intricate mechanisms of T. vaginalis interactions with host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Blasco Pedreros
- Laboratorio de Parásitos Anaerobios, Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Buenos Aires CP 7130, Argentina
- Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), Chascomús CP 1650, Argentina
| | - Nehuen Salas
- Laboratorio de Parásitos Anaerobios, Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Buenos Aires CP 7130, Argentina
- Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), Chascomús CP 1650, Argentina
| | - Tuanne Dos Santos Melo
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fiocruz, Recife, Pernambuco CEP 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Abigail Miranda-Magalhães
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fiocruz, Recife, Pernambuco CEP 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Thainá Almeida-Lima
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fiocruz, Recife, Pernambuco CEP 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Antonio Pereira-Neves
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fiocruz, Recife, Pernambuco CEP 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Natalia de Miguel
- Laboratorio de Parásitos Anaerobios, Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Buenos Aires CP 7130, Argentina
- Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), Chascomús CP 1650, Argentina
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164
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Lee DH, Song J. Impaired olfactory system in metabolic imbalance-related neuropathology. Life Sci 2024; 355:122967. [PMID: 39142504 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction, influenced by factors such as aging and environmental stress, is linked to various neurological disorders. The olfactory bulb's connections to brain areas like the hypothalamus, piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, and limbic system make olfactory dysfunction a contributor to a range of neuropathological conditions. Recent research has underscored that olfactory deficits are prevalent in individuals with both metabolic syndrome and dementia. These systemic metabolic alterations correlate with olfactory impairments, potentially affecting brain regions associated with the olfactory bulb. In cases of metabolic syndrome, phenomena such as insulin resistance and disrupted glucose metabolism may result in compromised olfactory function, leading to multiple neurological issues. This review synthesizes key findings on the interplay between metabolic-induced olfactory dysfunction and neuropathology. It emphasizes the critical role of olfactory assessment in diagnosing and managing neurological diseases related to metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.
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165
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Alexanian AR, Sorokin A, Duersteler M. Dopaminergic progenitors generated by small molecule approach survived, integrated, and promoted functional recovery in (6-OHDA) mouse model of Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2024; 465:123188. [PMID: 39178824 PMCID: PMC11412743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.123188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, causing motor symptoms like tremors and stiffness. Although current treatments like medication and deep brain stimulation can alleviate symptoms, they don't address the root cause of neuron loss. Therefore, cell replacement therapy emerges as a promising treatment strategy. However, the generation of engraftable dopaminergic (DA) cells in clinically relevant quantities is still a challenge. Recent advances in cell reprogramming technologies open up vast possibilities to produce patient-specific cells of a desired type in therapeutic quantities. The main cell reprogramming strategies involve the enforced expression of individual or sets of genes through viral transduction or transfection, or through small molecules, known as the chemical approach, which is a much easier and safer method. In our previous studies, using a small molecule approach (combinations of epigenetic modifiers and SMAD inhibitors such asDorsomorphin and SB431542), we have been able to generate DA progenitors from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The aim of this study was to further improve the method for the generation of DA progenitors and to test their therapeutic effect in an animal model of Parkinson's. The results showed that the addition of an autophagy enhancer (AE) to our DA cell induction protocol further increased the yield of DA progenitor cells. The results also showed that DA progenitors transplanted into the mouse model of PD survived, integrated, and improved PD motor symptoms. These data suggest that chemically-produced DA cells can be very promising and safe cellular therapeutics for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshak R Alexanian
- Cell Reprogramming & Therapeutics LLC, Wauwatosa (Milwaukee County), WI 53226, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States of America.
| | - Andrey Sorokin
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States of America
| | - Megan Duersteler
- Cell Reprogramming & Therapeutics LLC, Wauwatosa (Milwaukee County), WI 53226, USA
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166
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Samant C, Kale R, Pai KSR, Nandakumar K, Bhonde M. Role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cancer drug resistance: Insights into molecular aspects of major solid tumors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 729:150348. [PMID: 38986260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Adaptive resistance to conventional and targeted therapies remains one of the major obstacles in the effective management of cancer. Aberrant activation of key signaling mechanisms plays a pivotal role in modulating resistance to drugs. An evolutionarily conserved Wnt/β-catenin pathway is one of the signaling cascades which regulate resistance to drugs. Elevated Wnt signaling confers resistance to anticancer therapies, either through direct activation of its target genes or via indirect mechanisms and crosstalk over other signaling pathways. Involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cancer hallmarks like inhibition of apoptosis, promotion of invasion and metastasis and cancer stem cell maintenance makes this pathway a potential target to exploit for addressing drug resistance. Accumulating evidences suggest a critical role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in imparting resistance across multiple cancers including PDAC, NSCLC, TNBC, etc. Here we present a comprehensive assessment of how Wnt/β-catenin pathway mediates cancer drug resistance in majority of the solid tumors. We take a deep dive into the Wnt/β-catenin signaling-mediated modulation of cellular and downstream molecular mechanisms and their impact on cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charudatt Samant
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited, Survey No. 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Ramesh Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited, Survey No. 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Mandar Bhonde
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited, Survey No. 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India
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167
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Johnson CJ, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Shang R, Piekarz KM, Bi P, Stolfi A. A change in cis-regulatory logic underlying obligate versus facultative muscle multinucleation in chordates. Development 2024; 151:dev202968. [PMID: 39114943 PMCID: PMC11441980 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Vertebrates and tunicates are sister groups that share a common fusogenic factor, Myomaker (Mymk), that drives myoblast fusion and muscle multinucleation. Yet they are divergent in when and where they express Mymk. In vertebrates, all developing skeletal muscles express Mymk and are obligately multinucleated. In tunicates, Mymk is expressed only in post-metamorphic multinucleated muscles, but is absent from mononucleated larval muscles. In this study, we demonstrate that cis-regulatory sequence differences in the promoter region of Mymk underlie the different spatiotemporal patterns of its transcriptional activation in tunicates and vertebrates. Although in vertebrates myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) such as MyoD1 alone are required and sufficient for Mymk transcription in all skeletal muscles, we show that transcription of Mymk in post-metamorphic muscles of the tunicate Ciona requires the combinatorial activity of MRF, MyoD and Early B-cell Factor (Ebf). This macroevolutionary difference appears to be encoded in cis, likely due to the presence of a putative Ebf-binding site adjacent to predicted MRF binding sites in the Ciona Mymk promoter. We further discuss how Mymk and myoblast fusion might have been regulated in the last common ancestor of tunicates and vertebrates, for which we propose two models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Renjie Shang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Katarzyna M. Piekarz
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Pengpeng Bi
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Alberto Stolfi
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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168
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Yu Y, Huang J, Fang Q, Li J, Lou Z, Liang F, Wu M. Exploring the research progression and evolutionary trends of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury: A bibliometric analysis from 1979 to 2023. Life Sci 2024; 355:123000. [PMID: 39168238 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) poses a significant challenge in various clinical scenarios. Despite extensive research on the pathogenesis and potential treatments of LIRI, there is a notable absence of bibliometric analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We summarized the results of LIRI research through two searches on the Web of Science, covering data from 1979 to 2023 with topic words "lung" and "reperfusion injury". The collected data were analyzed and visualized based on country, author(s), and keywords by bibliometric software. The keyword "programmed cell death" was further added to explore the hotspot of the LIRI research field. RESULTS The initial analysis of 1648 research articles showed a total of 40 countries and 7031 researchers were involved in the publications, with America being the most productive country in the research field of LIRI. Keyword analysis revealed that the evolving focus of LIRI research has progressively transitioned from, lung transplantation, primary graft dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and ex vivo lung perfusion to cell death. Subsequently, 212 publications specifically addressing programmed cell death (PCD) in LIRI were identified, which clarified the recent hotspot of the LIRI field. CONCLUSION With closer international cooperation and increasing research scale, the LIRI research focused mainly on the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic interventions for LIRI. PCD in LIRI is becoming a trending topic and will continue to be a hotspot in this field. Our study may offer valuable guidance for future research endeavors concerning LIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Jinghao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Jinsheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Zhiling Lou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Fuxiang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China..
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China..
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169
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Jin C, Yan K, Wang M, Song W, Wang B, Men Y, Niu J, He Y, Zhang Q, Qi J. Dissecting the dynamic cellular transcriptional atlas of adult teleost testis development throughout the annual reproductive cycle. Development 2024; 151:dev202296. [PMID: 38477640 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Teleost testis development during the annual cycle involves dramatic changes in cellular compositions and molecular events. In this study, the testicular cells derived from adult black rockfish at distinct stages - regressed, regenerating and differentiating - were meticulously dissected via single-cell transcriptome sequencing. A continuous developmental trajectory of spermatogenic cells, from spermatogonia to spermatids, was delineated, elucidating the molecular events involved in spermatogenesis. Subsequently, the dynamic regulation of gene expression associated with spermatogonia proliferation and differentiation was observed across spermatogonia subgroups and developmental stages. A bioenergetic transition from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration of spermatogonia during the annual developmental cycle was demonstrated, and a deeper level of heterogeneity and molecular characteristics was revealed by re-clustering analysis. Additionally, the developmental trajectory of Sertoli cells was delineated, alongside the divergence of Leydig cells and macrophages. Moreover, the interaction network between testicular micro-environment somatic cells and spermatogenic cells was established. Overall, our study provides detailed information on both germ and somatic cells within teleost testes during the annual reproductive cycle, which lays the foundation for spermatogenesis regulation and germplasm preservation of endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Kai Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Mengya Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Weihao Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Bo Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Yu Men
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jingjing Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Jie Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572000, China
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Saranya I, Selvamurugan N. Regulation of TGF-β/BMP signaling during osteoblast development by non-coding RNAs: Potential therapeutic applications. Life Sci 2024; 355:122969. [PMID: 39142506 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Bone is a connective tissue that is metabolically active and serves multiple functions, including movement, structural support, and organ protection. It is comprised primarily of three types of bone cells, namely osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells, and the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards osteoblasts is regulated by several growth factors, cytokines, and hormones via various signaling pathways, including TGF-β/BMP (transforming growth factor-beta/bone morphogenetic protein) signaling as a primary one. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs and long ncRNAs, play crucial roles in regulating osteoblast differentiation via the TGF-β/BMP signaling cascade. Dysregulation of these ncRNAs leads to bone-pathological conditions such as osteoporosis, skeletal dysplasia, and osteosclerosis. This review provides a concise overview of the latest advancements in understanding the involvement of ncRNAs/TGF-β/BMP axis in osteoblast differentiation. These findings have the potential to identify new molecular targets for early detection of bone metabolism disorders and the development of innovative therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyyappan Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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171
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Tooi N, Okama R, Sato H, Inose H, Ogasawara H, Senda H, Nakatsuji N, Kato K, Kiboku T, Igura K. Robust differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into Schwann cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 729:150353. [PMID: 38972137 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Research into Schwann cell (SC)-related diseases has been hampered by the difficulty of obtaining human-derived SCs, which have limited proliferative capacity. This has resulted in a delay in progress in drug discovery and cell therapy targeting SCs. To overcome these limitations, we developed a robust method for inducing the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into SCs. We established hiPSC lines and successfully generated high-purity Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) from size-controlled hiPSC aggregates by precisely timed treatment with our proprietary enzyme solution. Such SCPs were successfully expanded and further differentiated into myelin basic protein (MBP) expressing SC populations when treated with an appropriate medium containing dibutyryl-cAMP (db-cAMP). These differentiated cells secreted factors that induced neurite outgrowth in vitro. Our method allows for the efficient and stable production of SCPs and SCs from hiPSCs. This robust induction and maturation method has the potential to be a valuable tool in drug discovery and cell therapy targeting SC-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norie Tooi
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan
| | - Rio Okama
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan
| | - Haruka Sato
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan
| | - Haruko Inose
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogasawara
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan
| | - Hisato Senda
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan
| | - Norio Nakatsuji
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan; Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kato
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kiboku
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan.
| | - Koichi Igura
- Stem Cell & Device Laboratory, Inc, OFFICE-ONE Shijo Karasuma 11F, 480, Niwatoriboko-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8491, Japan.
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172
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Cortés-Rojo C, Vargas-Vargas MA. Don´t give up on mitochondria as a target for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:2015-2021. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i10.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we discuss an article by Wang et al, focusing on the role of mitochondria in peripheral insulin resistance and insulin secretion. Despite numerous in vitro and pre-clinical studies supporting the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications, efforts to target mitochondria for glycemic control in diabetes using mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have produced inconsistent results. The intricate functionality of mitochondria is summarized to underscore the challenges it poses as a therapeutic target. While mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have demonstrated improvement in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in pre-clinical diabetes models, the results regarding glycemic control have been mixed, and no studies have evaluated their hypoglycemic effects in diabetic patients. Nonetheless, pre-clinical trials have shown promising outcomes in ameliorating diabetes-related complications. Here, we review some reasons why mitochondria-targeted antioxidants may not function effectively in the context of mitochondrial dysfunction. We also highlight several alternative approaches under development that may enhance the targeting of mitochondria for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico - Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico - Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico
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173
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Sarabia-Sánchez MA, Tinajero-Rodríguez JM, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Alvarado-Ortiz E. Cancer Stem Cell markers: Symphonic masters of chemoresistance and immune evasion. Life Sci 2024; 355:123015. [PMID: 39182567 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are highly tumorigenic, chemoresistant, and immune evasive. They emerge as a central driver that gives rise to the bulk of tumoral mass, modifies the tumor microenvironment (TME), and exploits it, leading to poor clinical outcomes for patients with cancer. The existence of CSCs thus accounts for the failure of conventional therapies and immune surveillance. Identifying CSCs in solid tumors remains a significant challenge in modern oncology, with the use of cell surface markers being the primary strategy for studying, isolating, and enriching these cells. In this review, we explore CSC markers, focusing on the underlying signaling pathways that drive CSC self-renewal, which simultaneously makes them intrinsically chemoresistant and immune system evaders. We comprehensively discuss the autonomous and non-autonomous functions of CSCs, with particular emphasis on their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, especially immune cells. This reciprocal network enhances CSCs malignancy while compromising the surrounding niche, ultimately defining therapeutic vulnerabilities associated with each CSC marker. The most common CSCs surface markers addressed in this review-CD44, CD133, ICAM1/CD54, and LGR5-provide insights into the interplay between chemoresistance and immune evasion, two critically important phenomena in disease eradication. This new perspective on the state-of-the-art of CSCs will undoubtedly open new avenues for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Sarabia-Sánchez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - José Manuel Tinajero-Rodríguez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México; Tecnológico Nacional de México, Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Huixquilucan, México
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo Alvarado-Ortiz
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
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174
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Matsuta S, Endo K, Ozeki N, Nakagawa Y, Koga H, Sekiya I. Synovial mesenchymal stem cells secrete more lubricin than adipose mesenchymal stem cells after injection into rat osteoarthritis knees. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 729:150354. [PMID: 38981403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is envisioned as a solution for knee osteoarthritis (OA). Although synovial MSCs (SyMSCs) are promising for cartilage regeneration, the clinical choice is usually adipose MSCs (AdMSCs). However, the similarities/differences in the mode of action between SyMSCs and AdMSCs remain unclear. Here, we compared factors secreted by human SyMSCs and AdMSCs after injection into OA knees. Human SyMSCs or AdMSCs were injected into the knees of rat partial meniscectomy models. The next day, the knee joints were collected to analyze the distribution of injected MSCs and transcriptome changes in the human MSCs and rat synovium. Non-injected MSCs were mixed with rat synovium as a control. After injection, no difference was apparent in intra-articular distribution of the SyMSCs or AdMSCs. RNA sequencing demonstrated an enrichment of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction-related genes in both human SyMSCs and AdMSCs after injection. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to SyMSCs were associated with cartilage matrix synthesis and homeostasis. PCR analysis of the matrisome-related DEGs showed significantly higher expression of PRG4 in SyMSCs than in AdMSCs after injection. Immunostaining also confirmed a significantly greater expression of lubricin by SyMSCs than by AdMSCs. These findings indicate that SyMSCs will be a more promising treatment for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Matsuta
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kentaro Endo
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Nobutake Ozeki
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakagawa
- Department of Cartilage Regeneration, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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175
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Zloh M, Kutilek P, Hejda J, Fiserova I, Kubovciak J, Murakami M, Stofkova A. Visual stimulation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have protective effects in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Life Sci 2024; 355:122996. [PMID: 39173995 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the therapeutic potential of visual stimulation (VS) and BDNF in murine experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). MAIN METHODS Mice were immunized by subcutaneous injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein in Freund's complete adjuvant and intravenous injection of pertussis toxin, and were then exposed to high-contrast VS 12 h/day (days 1-14 post-immunization). EAU severity was assessed by examining clinical score, visual acuity, inflammatory markers, and immune cells in the retina. The transcriptome of activated retinal cells was determined by RNA-seq using RNA immunoprecipitated in complex with phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6. The retinal levels of protein products of relevant upregulated genes were quantified. The effect of BDNF on EAU was tested in unstimulated mice by its daily topical ocular administration (days 8-14 post-immunization). KEY FINDINGS VS attenuated EAU development and decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and numbers of immune cells in the retina (n = 10-20 eyes/group for each analysis). In activated retinal cells of control mice (n = 30 eyes/group), VS upregulated genes encoding immunomodulatory neuropeptides, of which BDNF and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) also showed increased mRNA and protein levels in the retina of VS-treated EAU mice (n = 6-10 eyes/group for each analysis). In unstimulated EAU mice, BDNF treatment mimicked the protective effects of VS by modulating the inflammatory and stem cell properties of Müller cells (n = 5 eyes/group for each analysis). SIGNIFICANCE VS effectively suppresses EAU, at least through enhancing retinal levels of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective factors, VIP and BDNF. Our findings also suggest BDNF as a promising therapeutic agent for uveitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloslav Zloh
- Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Kutilek
- Department of Health Care and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hejda
- Department of Health Care and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Fiserova
- Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kubovciak
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Masaaki Murakami
- Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Group of Quantum Immunology, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan; Division of Molecular Neuroimmunology, Department of Homeostatic Regulation, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Andrea Stofkova
- Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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176
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Shin B, Chang SJ, MacNabb BW, Rothenberg EV. Transcriptional network dynamics in early T cell development. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230893. [PMID: 39167073 PMCID: PMC11338287 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The rate at which cells enter the T cell pathway depends not only on the immigration of hematopoietic precursors into the strong Notch signaling environment of the thymus but also on the kinetics with which each individual precursor cell reaches T-lineage commitment once it arrives. Notch triggers a complex, multistep gene regulatory network in the cells in which the steps are stereotyped but the transition speeds between steps are variable. Progenitor-associated transcription factors delay T-lineage differentiation even while Notch-induced transcription factors within the same cells push differentiation forward. Progress depends on regulator cross-repression, on breaching chromatin barriers, and on shifting, competitive collaborations between stage-specific and stably expressed transcription factors, as reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyoung Shin
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Samantha J Chang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Brendan W MacNabb
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ellen V Rothenberg
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
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177
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Liu E, Chen Y, Qin M, Yue K, Sun S, Jiang Y, Li X. Design, synthesis, and biological activity evaluation of novel HDAC3 selective inhibitors for combination with Venetoclax against acute myeloid leukemia. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116663. [PMID: 39047608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are highly attractive targets in the drug development process, and the development of subtype-selective HDAC inhibitors is the research direction for HDAC inhibitors. As an important member of the HDAC family, HDAC3 has been found to be closely related to the pathological progression of many diseases due to its abnormal expression. In previous studies, we discovered compound 13a, which has potent inhibitory activity against HDAC1, 2, and 3. In this work, we improved the HDAC3 isotype selectivity of 13a, and obtained compound 9c through rational drug design. 9c shows a selectivity of 71 fold for HDAC3 over HDAC1 and can significantly inhibit the proliferation activity of MV4-11 cells in vitro. Furthermore, when combined with Venetoclax, 9c can effectively induce apoptosis in MV4-11 cells in vitro and reduce the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, the development of HDAC3 selective inhibitors may serve as a potential lead compound to reverse Venetoclax resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Histone Deacetylases/metabolism
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Sulfonamides/chemistry
- Sulfonamides/chemical synthesis
- Drug Design
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacology
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/chemistry
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Molecular Structure
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mengting Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kairui Yue
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Simin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuqi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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178
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Li N, Liu YH, Wu J, Liu QG, Niu JB, Zhang Y, Fu XJ, Song J, Zhang SY. Strategies that regulate Hippo signaling pathway for novel anticancer therapeutics. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116694. [PMID: 39047607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
As a highly conserved signaling network across different species, the Hippo pathway is involved in various biological processes. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway could lead to a wide range of diseases, particularly cancers. Extensive researches have demonstrated the close association between dysregulated Hippo signaling and tumorigenesis as well as tumor progression. Consequently, targeting the Hippo pathway has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In fact, there has been an increasing number of reports on small molecules that target the Hippo pathway, exhibiting therapeutic potential as anticancer agents. Importantly, some of Hippo signaling pathway inhibitors have been approved for the clinical trials. In this work, we try to provide an overview of the core components and signal transduction mechanisms of the Hippo signaling pathway. Furthermore, we also analyze the relationship between Hippo signaling pathway and cancers, as well as summarize the small molecules with proven anti-tumor effects in clinical trials or reported in literatures. Additionally, we discuss the anti-tumor potency and structure-activity relationship of the small molecule compounds, providing a valuable insight for further development of anticancer agents against this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yun-He Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ji Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qiu-Ge Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jin-Bo Niu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiang-Jing Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Jian Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &Treatment, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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179
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Wang W, Zhou K, Wang L, Qin Q, Liu H, Qin L, Yang M, Yuan L, Liu C. Aging in chronic lung disease: Will anti-aging therapy be the key to the cure? Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 980:176846. [PMID: 39067566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Chronic lung disease is the third leading cause of death globally, imposing huge burden of death, disability and healthcare costs. However, traditional pharmacotherapy has relatively limited effects in improving the cure rate and reducing the mortality of chronic lung disease. Thus, new treatments are urgently needed for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease. It is particularly noteworthy that, multiple aging-related phenotypes were involved in the occurrence and development of chronic lung disease, such as blocked proliferation, telomere attrition, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, altered nutrient perception, stem cell exhaustion, chronic inflammation, etc. Consequently, senescent cells induce a series of pathological changes in the lung, such as immune dysfunction, airway remodeling, oxidative stress and regenerative dysfunction, which is a critical issue that needs special attention in chronic lung diseases. Therefore, anti-aging interventions may bring new insights into the treatment of chronic lung diseases. In this review, we elaborate the involvement of aging in chronic lung disease and further discuss the application and prospects of anti-aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Leyuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Qiuyan Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China.
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China.
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Trotta AM, Tomassi S, Di Maiolo G, Ieranò C, Vetrei C, D'Alterio C, Merlino F, Messere A, D'Aniello A, Del Bene A, Mazzarella V, Roggia M, Natale B, Cutolo R, Campagna E, Mottola S, Russo R, Chambery A, Benedetti R, Altucci L, Cosconati S, Scala S, Di Maro S. Disulfide bond replacement with non-reducible side chain to tail macrolactamization for the development of potent and selective CXCR4 peptide antagonists endowed with flanking binding sites. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116669. [PMID: 39053189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The present study describes a small library of peptides derived from a potent and selective CXCR4 antagonist (3), wherein the native disulfide bond is replaced using a side-chain to tail macrolactamization technique to vary ring size and amino acid composition. The peptides were preliminary assessed for their ability to interfere with the interaction between the receptor and anti-CXCR4 PE-conjugated antibody clone 12G5. Two promising candidates (13 and 17) were identified and further evaluated in a125I-CXCL12 competition binding assay, exhibiting IC50 in the low-nanomolar range. Furthermore, both candidates displayed high selectivity towards CXCR4 with respect to the cognate receptor CXCR7, ability to block CXCL12-dependent cancer cell migration, and receptor internalization, albeit at a higher concentration compared to 3. Molecular modeling studies on 13 and 17 produced a theoretical model that may serve as a guide for future modifications, aiding in the development of analogs with improved affinity. Finally, the study provides valuable insights into developing therapeutic agents targeting CXCR4-mediated processes, demonstrating the adaptability of our lead peptide 3 to alternative cyclization approaches and offering prospects for comprehensive investigations into the receptor region's interaction with its C-terminal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Trotta
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Tomassi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetana Di Maiolo
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Ieranò
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Vetrei
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Crescenzo D'Alterio
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Merlino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Messere
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonia D'Aniello
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Alessandra Del Bene
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mazzarella
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Michele Roggia
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Benito Natale
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Roberto Cutolo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Erica Campagna
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Salvatore Mottola
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosaria Benedetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania ''Luigi Vanvitelli'', Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy; Program of Medical Epigenetics, Vanvitelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania ''Luigi Vanvitelli'', Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy; Program of Medical Epigenetics, Vanvitelli Hospital, Naples, Italy; Institute of Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), 80131, Naples, Italy; Biogem Institute of Molecular and Genetic Biology, 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy.
| | - Stefania Scala
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy.
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181
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Ling SKK, Liang Z, Lui PPY. High-fat diet-induced obesity exacerbated collagenase-induced tendon injury with upregulation of interleukin-1beta and matrix metalloproteinase-1. Connect Tissue Res 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39364694 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2024.2409751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Obesity increases tendinopathy's risk, but its mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on the outcomes and inflammation of collagenase-induced (CI) tendon injury. METHODS Mice were fed with standard chow (SC) or HFD for 12 weeks. Bacterial collagenase I or saline was injected over the patellar tendons of each mouse. At weeks 2 and 8 post-injection, the patellar tendons were harvested for histology, immunohistochemical staining, and gait analysis. The difference (Δ) of limb-idleness index (LII) at the time of post-injury and pre-injury states was calculated. Biomechanical test of tendons was also performed at week 8 post-injection. RESULTS HFD aggravated CI tendon injury with an increase in vascularity and cellularity compared to SC treatment. The histopathological score (week 2: p = 0.025; week 8: p = 0.013) and ΔLII (week 2: p = 0.012; week 8: p = 0.005) were significantly higher in the HFD group compared to those in the SC group after CI tendon injury. Stiffness (saline: p = 0.003; CI: p = 0.010), ultimate stress (saline: p < 0.001; CI: p = 0.006), and Young's modulus (saline: p = 0.017; CI: p = 0.007) were significantly lower in the HFD group compared to the SC group at week 8 after saline or collagenase injection. HFD induced higher expression of IL-1β (week 2: p = 0.010; week 8: p = 0.025) and MMP-1 (week 2: p = 0.010; week 8: p = 0.004) compared to SC treatment after CI tendon injury at both time points. CONCLUSIONS HFD-induced obesity exacerbated histopathological, functional, and biomechanical changes in the CI tendon injury model, which was associated with an upregulation of IL-1β and MMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ka-Kin Ling
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zuru Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pauline Po Yee Lui
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine Ltd, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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182
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Lee Y, Song J, Batjargal U, Kim MS, Lee G, Kim G, Lee T, Kang R, Kim Y, Kim HJ, Lee J. Pseudo-3D Topological Alignments Regulate Mechanotransduction and Maturation of Smooth Muscle Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2402492. [PMID: 39363803 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202402492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) sense and respond to mechanical stimuli in their extracellular microenvironments (ECMs), playing a crucial role in muscle tissue engineering. Increasing evidence from topological cues-mediated mechanotransduction of SMCs in ECMs has suggested some potential underlying mechanisms of how SMC functions and maturation are regulated by their mechanosensing leading to transduction. However, how the expression of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) influences the phenotypic shift from synthetic to contractile is still controversial. Here, pseudo-3D topological alignments mimicking native muscle tissues are generated using laser-cutter engraving to explore the influence of topological cues on SMC mechanotransduction and maturation. The analysis of topological cue-mediated mechanotransduction and maturation marker expression revealed YAP is involved in mechanotransduction for SMCs cultured on cross-patterned substrates in the presence of cell-cell interactions. Moreover, these SMCs with YAP-linked mechanosensing showed higher expression of calponin, indicating a shift toward contractile phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it showed skeletal muscle cells has different mechanosensing and maturation mechanisms compared to SMCs, revealing muscle type-dependent different sensing of topological cues, and converting into maturation-associated signaling cascades. This study provides insights into the regulation of SMC mechanotransduction and maturation by topological cues, suggesting the involvement of YAP-linked signaling pathways in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Min-Seok Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonwoo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - RaeHui Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggyun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Junmin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
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183
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Esposito P, Dubé-Zinatelli E, Gandelman M, Liu E, Cappelletti L, Liang J, Ismail N. The enduring effects of antimicrobials and lipopolysaccharide on the cellular mechanisms and behaviours associated with neurodegeneration in pubertal male and female CD1 mice. Neuroscience 2024; 557:67-80. [PMID: 39127344 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Puberty is a sensitive developmental period during which stressors can cause lasting brain and behavioural deficits. While the acute effects of pubertal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and antimicrobial (AMNS) treatments are known, their enduring impacts on neurodegeneration-related mechanisms and behaviours remain unclear. This study examined these effects in male and female mice. At five weeks old, mice received 200ul of either broad-spectrum antimicrobials or water through oral gavage twice daily for seven days. At six weeks of age, they received an intraperitoneal injection of either saline or LPS. Four weeks later, adult mice underwent neurodegeneration-related behavioural tests, including the rotarod, forepaw stride length, reversed grid hang, open field, and buried pellet tests. Two days after the final test, brain and ileal samples were collected. Results showed that female mice treated with both AMNS and LPS exhibited deficits in neuromuscular strength, while males treated with LPS alone showed increased anxiety-like behaviours. Males treated with AMNS alone had decreased sigma-1 receptor (S1R) expression in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) and dentate gyrus (DG), while females treated with both AMNS and LPS had decreased S1R expression. Additionally, males treated with either LPS or AMNS had lower glial-derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha-1 (GFRA1) expression in the primary motor cortex (M1) than females. Mice treated with LPS alone had decreased GFRA1 expression in the DG and decreased S1R expression in the secondary motor cortex (M2). These findings suggest that pubertal AMNS and LPS treatments may lead to enduring changes in biomarkers and behaviours related to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Esposito
- NISE Laboratory, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Eleni Dubé-Zinatelli
- NISE Laboratory, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Michelle Gandelman
- NISE Laboratory, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ella Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Luna Cappelletti
- NISE Laboratory, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jacky Liang
- NISE Laboratory, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nafissa Ismail
- NISE Laboratory, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada; Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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184
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Chow SKH, Gao Q, Pius A, Morita M, Ergul Y, Murayama M, Shinohara I, Cekuc MS, Ma C, Susuki Y, Goodman SB. The Advantages and Shortcomings of Stem Cell Therapy for Enhanced Bone Healing. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2024. [PMID: 39311464 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2024.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the regenerative potential of key progenitor cell types and therapeutic strategies to improve healing of complex fractures and bone defects. We define, summarize, and discuss the differentiation potential of totipotent, pluripotent, and multipotent stem cells, emphasizing the advantages and shortcomings of cell therapy for bone repair and regeneration. The fundamental role of mesenchymal stem cells is highlighted due to their multipotency to differentiate into the key lineage cells including osteoblasts, osteocytes, and chondrocytes, which are crucial for bone formation and remodeling. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) also play a significant role; immune cells such as macrophages and T-cells modulate inflammation and tissue repair. Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that are important to bone remodeling. Vascular progenitor (VP) cells are critical to oxygen and nutrient supply. The dynamic interplay among these lineages and their microenvironment is essential for effective bone restoration. Therapies involving cells that are more than "minimally manipulated" are controversial and include embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). ESCs, derived from early-stage embryos, possess pluripotent capabilities and have shown promise in preclinical studies for bone healing. iPSCs, reprogrammed from somatic cells, offer personalized medicine applications and can differentiate into various tissue-specific cell lines. Minimally manipulative cell therapy approaches such as the use of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), exosomes, and various biomaterials for local delivery are explored for their effectiveness in bone regeneration. BMAC, which contains mostly immune cells but few mesenchymal and VPs, probably improves bone healing by facilitating paracrine-mediated intercellular communication. Exosome isolation harnesses the biological signals and cellular by-products that are a primary source for cell crosstalk and activation. Safe, efficacious, and cost-effective strategies to enhance bone healing using novel cellular therapies are part of a changing paradigm to modulate the inflammatory, repair, and regenerative pathways to achieve earlier more robust tissue healing and improved physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Alexa Pius
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mayu Morita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yasemin Ergul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Masatoshi Murayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Issei Shinohara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mehmet Sertac Cekuc
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yosuke Susuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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185
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Xu Z, Geng J, Liu X, Zhao Z, Suo D, Zhang S, Zhong J, Suo G. The extracellular matrix with a continuous gradient of SDF1 αguides the oriented migration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:065019. [PMID: 39312941 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad7e91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in maintaining cell morphology and facilitating intercellular signal transmission within the human body. ECM has been extensively utilized for tissue injury repair. However, the consideration of factor gradients during ECM preparation has been limited. In this study, we developed a novel approach to generate sheet-like ECM with a continuous gradient of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1α). Briefly, we constructed fibroblasts to overexpress SDF1αfused with the collagen-binding domain (CBD-SDF1α), and cultured these cells on a slanted plate to establish a gradual density cell layer at the bottom surface. Subsequently, excess parental fibroblasts were evenly distributed on the plate laid flat to fill the room between cells. Following two weeks of culture, the monolayer cells were lyophilized to form a uniform ECM sheet possessing a continuous gradient of SDF1α. This engineered ECM material demonstrated its ability to guide oriented migration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on the ECM sheet. Our simple yet effective method holds great potential for advancing research in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjuan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Institute of Semiconductor Micro-Nano Manufacturing Technology, Foshan 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsa Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingzhi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Dylan Suo
- Westlake High School, Austin, TX 78746, United States of America
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National KeyLaboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangli Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330200, People's Republic of China
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186
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Dominici FP, Gironacci MM, Narvaez Pardo JA. Therapeutic opportunities in targeting the protective arm of the renin-angiotensin system to improve insulin sensitivity: a mechanistic review. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01909-y. [PMID: 39363004 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the knowledge of the physiological and pathophysiological roles of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in glucose metabolism has advanced significantly. It is now well-established that blockade of the angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1R) improves insulin sensitivity. Activation of the AT2 receptor (AT2R) and the MAS receptor are significant contributors to this beneficial effect. Elevated availability of angiotensin (Ang) II) for interaction with the AT2R and increased Ang-(1-7) formation during AT1R blockade mediate these effects. The ongoing development of selective AT2R agonists, such as compound 21 and the novel Ang III peptidomimetics, has significantly advanced the exploration of the role of AT2R in metabolism and its potential as a therapeutic target. These agents show promise, particularly when RAS inhibition is contraindicated. Additionally, other RAS peptides, including Ang IV, des-Asp-Ang I, Ang-(1-9), and alamandine, hold therapeutic capability for addressing metabolic disturbances linked to type 2 diabetes. The possibility of AT2R heteromerization with either AT1R or MAS receptor offers an exciting area for future research, particularly concerning therapeutic strategies to improve glycemic control. This review focuses on therapeutic opportunities to improve insulin sensitivity, taking advantage of the protective arm of the RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando P Dominici
- Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariela M Gironacci
- Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge A Narvaez Pardo
- Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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187
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Yu M, Wang S, Gu G, Shi TL, Zhang J, Jia Y, Ma Q, Porth I, Mao JF, Wang R. Integration of Mitoflash and Time-Series Transcriptomics Facilitates Energy Dynamics Tracking and Substrate Supply Analysis of Floral Thermogenesis in Lotus. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39360569 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
The high biosynthetic and energetic demands of floral thermogenesis render thermogenic plants the ideal systems to characterize energy metabolism in plants, but real-time tracking of energy metabolism in plant cells remains challenging. In this study, a new method was developed for tracking the mitochondrial energy metabolism at the single mitochondria level by real-time imaging of mitochondrial superoxide production (i.e., mitoflash). Using this method, we observed the increased mitoflash frequencies in the receptacles of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. at the thermogenic stages. This increase, combined with the higher expression of antioxidant response-related genes identified through time-series transcriptomics at the same stages, shows us a new regulatory mechanism for plant redox balance. Furthermore, we found that the upregulation of respiratory metabolism-related genes during the thermogenic stages not only correlates with changes in mitoflash frequency but also underscores the critical roles of these pathways in ensuring adequate substrate supply for thermogenesis. Metabolite analysis revealed that sugars are likely one of the substrates for thermogenesis and may be transported over long distances by sugar transporters. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that mitoflash is a reliable tool for tracking energy metabolism in thermogenic plants and contributes to our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying floral thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Gu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Le Shi
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Jia
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Ma
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ilga Porth
- Départment des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt, Faculté de Foresterie, de Géographie et Géomatique, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jian-Feng Mao
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Ruohan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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188
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Duy PQ, Mehta NH, Kahle KT. Biomechanical instability of the brain-CSF interface in hydrocephalus. Brain 2024; 147:3274-3285. [PMID: 38798141 PMCID: PMC11449143 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrocephalus, characterized by progressive expansion of the CSF-filled ventricles (ventriculomegaly), is the most common reason for brain surgery. 'Communicating' (i.e. non-obstructive) hydrocephalus is classically attributed to a primary derangement in CSF homeostasis, such as choroid plexus-dependent CSF hypersecretion, impaired cilia-mediated CSF flow currents, or decreased CSF reabsorption via the arachnoid granulations or other pathways. Emerging data suggest that abnormal biomechanical properties of the brain parenchyma are an under-appreciated driver of ventriculomegaly in multiple forms of communicating hydrocephalus across the lifespan. We discuss recent evidence from human and animal studies that suggests impaired neurodevelopment in congenital hydrocephalus, neurodegeneration in elderly normal pressure hydrocephalus and, in all age groups, inflammation-related neural injury in post-infectious and post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus, can result in loss of stiffness and viscoelasticity of the brain parenchyma. Abnormal brain biomechanics create barrier alterations at the brain-CSF interface that pathologically facilitates secondary enlargement of the ventricles, even at normal or low intracranial pressures. This 'brain-centric' paradigm has implications for the diagnosis, treatment and study of hydrocephalus from womb to tomb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan Q Duy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Neel H Mehta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kristopher T Kahle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Developmental Brain and CSF Disorders Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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189
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Rust R, Nih LR, Liberale L, Yin H, El Amki M, Ong LK, Zlokovic BV. Brain repair mechanisms after cell therapy for stroke. Brain 2024; 147:3286-3305. [PMID: 38916992 PMCID: PMC11449145 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapies hold great promise for brain repair after stroke. While accumulating evidence confirms the preclinical and clinical benefits of cell therapies, the underlying mechanisms by which they promote brain repair remain unclear. Here, we briefly review endogenous mechanisms of brain repair after ischaemic stroke and then focus on how different stem and progenitor cell sources can promote brain repair. Specifically, we examine how transplanted cell grafts contribute to improved functional recovery either through direct cell replacement or by stimulating endogenous repair pathways. Additionally, we discuss recently implemented preclinical refinement methods, such as preconditioning, microcarriers, genetic safety switches and universal (immune evasive) cell transplants, as well as the therapeutic potential of these pharmacologic and genetic manipulations to further enhance the efficacy and safety of cell therapies. By gaining a deeper understanding of post-ischaemic repair mechanisms, prospective clinical trials may be further refined to advance post-stroke cell therapy to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Rust
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Lina R Nih
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Luca Liberale
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Hao Yin
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mohamad El Amki
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lin Kooi Ong
- School of Health and Medical Sciences & Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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190
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Anver S, Sumit AF, Sun XM, Hatimy A, Thalassinos K, Marguerat S, Alic N, Bähler J. Ageing-associated long non-coding RNA extends lifespan and reduces translation in non-dividing cells. EMBO Rep 2024:10.1038/s44319-024-00265-9. [PMID: 39358553 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomes produce widespread long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) of largely unknown functions. We characterize aal1 (ageing-associated lncRNA), which is induced in quiescent fission yeast cells. Deletion of aal1 shortens the chronological lifespan of non-dividing cells, while ectopic overexpression prolongs their lifespan, indicating that aal1 acts in trans. Overexpression of aal1 represses ribosomal-protein gene expression and inhibits cell growth, and aal1 genetically interacts with coding genes functioning in protein translation. The aal1 lncRNA localizes to the cytoplasm and associates with ribosomes. Notably, aal1 overexpression decreases the cellular ribosome content and inhibits protein translation. The aal1 lncRNA binds to the rpl1901 mRNA, encoding a ribosomal protein. The rpl1901 levels are reduced ~2-fold by aal1, which is sufficient to extend lifespan. Remarkably, the expression of the aal1 lncRNA in Drosophila boosts fly lifespan. We propose that aal1 reduces the ribosome content by decreasing Rpl1901 levels, thus attenuating the translational capacity and promoting longevity. Although aal1 is not conserved, its effect in flies suggests that animals feature related mechanisms that modulate ageing, based on the conserved translational machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shajahan Anver
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ahmed Faisal Sumit
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Xi-Ming Sun
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Abubakar Hatimy
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Konstantinos Thalassinos
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Samuel Marguerat
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, W12 0NN, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Nazif Alic
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jürg Bähler
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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191
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Campos Gudiño R, Neudorf NM, Andromidas D, Lichtensztejn Z, McManus KJ. Loss of EMI1 compromises chromosome stability and is associated with cellular transformation in colonic epithelial cell contexts. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02855-9. [PMID: 39358461 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Thus, identifying the aberrant genes and proteins underlying disease pathogenesis is critical to improve early detection methods and develop novel therapeutic strategies. Chromosome instability (CIN), or ongoing changes in chromosome complements, is a predominant form of genome instability. It is a driver of genetic heterogeneity found in ~85% of CRCs. Although CIN contributes to CRC pathogenesis, the molecular determinants underlying CIN remain poorly understood. Recently, EMI1, an F-box protein, was identified as a candidate CIN gene. In this study, we sought to determine the impact reduced EMI1 expression has on CIN and cellular transformation. METHODS Coupling siRNA-based silencing and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout clones with quantitative imaging microscopy we evaluated the impact reduced EMI1 expression has on CIN and cellular transformation in four colonic epithelial cell contexts. RESULTS Quantitative imaging microscopy data revealed that reduced EMI1 expression induces increases in CIN phenotypes in both transient (siRNA) and constitutive (CRISPR/Cas9) cell models that are associated with increases in DNA damage and cellular transformation phenotypes in long-term studies. CONCLUSIONS This study determined that reduced EMI1 expression induces CIN and promotes cellular transformation, which is consistent with a role in early CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubi Campos Gudiño
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Nicole M Neudorf
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Demi Andromidas
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Zelda Lichtensztejn
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kirk J McManus
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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192
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Mašek J, Filipovic I, Van Hul N, Belicová L, Jiroušková M, Oliveira DV, Frontino AM, Hankeova S, He J, Turetti F, Iqbal A, Červenka I, Sarnová L, Verboven E, Brabec T, Björkström NK, Gregor M, Dobeš J, Andersson ER. Jag1 insufficiency alters liver fibrosis via T cell and hepatocyte differentiation defects. EMBO Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s44321-024-00145-8. [PMID: 39358604 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis contributes to tissue repair, but excessive fibrosis disrupts organ function. Alagille syndrome (ALGS, caused by mutations in JAGGED1) results in liver disease and characteristic fibrosis. Here, we show that Jag1Ndr/Ndr mice, a model for ALGS, recapitulate ALGS-like fibrosis. Single-cell RNA-seq and multi-color flow cytometry of the liver revealed immature hepatocytes and paradoxically low intrahepatic T cell infiltration despite cholestasis in Jag1Ndr/Ndr mice. Thymic and splenic regulatory T cells (Tregs) were enriched and Jag1Ndr/Ndr lymphocyte immune and fibrotic capacity was tested with adoptive transfer into Rag1-/- mice, challenged with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) or bile duct ligation (BDL). Transplanted Jag1Ndr/Ndr lymphocytes were less inflammatory with fewer activated T cells than Jag1+/+ lymphocytes in response to DSS. Cholestasis induced by BDL in Rag1-/- mice with Jag1Ndr/Ndr lymphocytes resulted in periportal Treg accumulation and three-fold less periportal fibrosis than in Rag1-/- mice with Jag1+/+ lymphocytes. Finally, the Jag1Ndr/Ndr hepatocyte expression profile and Treg overrepresentation were corroborated in patients' liver samples. Jag1-dependent hepatic and immune defects thus interact to determine the fibrotic process in ALGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mašek
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, 14183, Sweden.
| | - Iva Filipovic
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noémi Van Hul
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lenka Belicová
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markéta Jiroušková
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel V Oliveira
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Maria Frontino
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Hankeova
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jingyan He
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabio Turetti
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Afshan Iqbal
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Červenka
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lenka Sarnová
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Elisabeth Verboven
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomáš Brabec
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Niklas K Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Gregor
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dobeš
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Emma R Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, 14183, Sweden.
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193
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Hossain I, Priam P, Reynoso SC, Sahni S, Zhang XX, Côté L, Doumat J, Chik C, Fu T, Lessard JA, Pastor WA. ZIC2 and ZIC3 promote SWI/SNF recruitment to safeguard progression towards human primed pluripotency. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8539. [PMID: 39358345 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The primed epiblast acts as a transitional stage between the relatively homogeneous naïve epiblast and the gastrulating embryo. Its formation entails coordinated changes in regulatory circuits driven by transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. Using a multi-omic approach in human embryonic stem cell models across the spectrum of peri-implantation development, we demonstrate that the transcription factors ZIC2 and ZIC3 have overlapping but essential roles in opening primed-specific enhancers. Together, they are essential to facilitate progression to and maintain primed pluripotency. ZIC2/3 accomplish this by recruiting SWI/SNF to chromatin and loss of ZIC2/3 or degradation of SWI/SNF both prevent enhancer activation. Loss of ZIC2/3 also results in transcriptome changes consistent with perturbed Polycomb activity and a shift towards the expression of genes linked to differentiation towards the mesendoderm. Additionally, we find an intriguing dependency on the transcriptional machinery for sustained recruitment of ZIC2/3 over a subset of primed-hESC specific enhancers. Taken together, ZIC2 and ZIC3 regulate highly dynamic lineage-specific enhancers and collectively act as key regulators of human primed pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre Priam
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sofia C Reynoso
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sahil Sahni
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiao X Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurence Côté
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joelle Doumat
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Candus Chik
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tianxin Fu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie A Lessard
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - William A Pastor
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- The Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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194
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Durna YM, Yigit O, Edizer DT, Durna Daştan S, Gul M, Ovali E. Hypoxia and Normoxia Preconditioned Olfactory Stem Cells Against Noise-Induced Hearing Loss. J Craniofac Surg 2024:00001665-990000000-01998. [PMID: 39356227 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the leading causes of permanent hearing loss in the adult population. In this experimental study, the authors aimed to investigate the effectiveness of hypoxia and normoxia preconditioned olfactory stem cells against noise trauma. METHODS Twenty-seven female guinea pigs were enrolled. Two guinea pigs were sacrificed for harvesting olfactory tissue and 1 for examining the architecture of the normal cochlea. The remaining 24 guinea pigs were exposed to noise trauma for 1 day and then randomly divided into 3 groups: intracochlear injection of (i) normoxic olfactory stem cells, (ii) hypoxic olfactory stem cells, and (iii) physiological serum. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurement was performed before and 2 weeks after noise trauma and weekly for 3 weeks following intracochlear injection. Both click and 16 kHz tone-burst stimuli were used for detection of ABR. RESULTS No significant difference was noted between the groups before and 2 weeks after noise trauma. ABR thresholds detected after intracochlear injections were significantly higher in the control group compared with stem cell groups. However, no significant difference was detected between the stem cell groups. Fluourescence microscopy revealed better engraftment for hypoxic stem cells. Light and electron microscopy examinations were consistent with predominant degenerative findings in the control group, whereas normoxic group had more similar findings with normal cochlea compared with hypoxic group. CONCLUSION Olfactory stem cells were demonstrated to have the potential to have beneficial effects on noise trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ozgur Yigit
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Training Hospital
| | - Deniz T Edizer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Acibadem University, Istanbul
| | - Sevgi Durna Daştan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas
| | - Mehmet Gul
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya
| | - Ercument Ovali
- Acibadem Labcell Stem Cell Laboratory and Cord Blood Bank, Istanbul, Türkiye
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195
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Wang M, Wu W, Lu J, Lu R, Min L, Song A, Zhao B, Li Y, Xie K, Gu L. Mitochondrial-Derived Signaling Mediates Differentiation of Parietal Epithelial Cells into Podocytes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 39212658 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2024.0580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aims: Parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are potential stem cells within the glomerulus, migrating into site of podocyte loss to differentiate into podocytes. Little is known about the mechanism mediating differentiation of PECs into podocytes. Results: In vitro differentiation of PECs into podocytes led to upregulation of podocyte markers such as Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT-1), Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1), synaptopodin and podocin, accompanied by increased mitochondrial abundance. Preincubation with a mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor prevented all these events in PECs. In vivo, adriamycin (ADR)-treated mice exhibited albuminuria, decreased WT1 positive cells, and claudin-1 expressed in glomerular capillary tuft, as well as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) overproduction in PECs. Expression of the ROS-related molecule nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its target protein Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) increased during differentiation of PECs into podocytes. Suppressing Nrf2 or Brg1 reduced the differentiation of PECs, whereas overexpression had the opposite effect. Brg1 directly regulated WT-1 transcription in PECs. Activation of Nrf2 with bardoxolone-methyl (CDDO-Me) resulted in less proteinuria and more WT1 positive cells in ADR mice. PECs conditional human Nrf2 knock-in mice showed increased WT1 cell numbers. Conclusion: It concluded that mitochondria-derived ROS mediated differentiation of PECs into podocytes via Nrf2 and Brg1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhou Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangshu Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayue Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renhua Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulin Min
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahui Song
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingru Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kewei Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leyi Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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196
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Hossein Garakani M, Kakavand K, Sabbaghian M, Ghaheri A, Masoudi NS, Shahhoseini M, Hassanzadeh V, Zamanian M, Meybodi AM, Moradi SZ. Comprehensive analysis of chromosomal breakpoints and candidate genes associated with male infertility: insights from cytogenetic studies and expression analyses. Mamm Genome 2024:10.1007/s00335-024-10074-z. [PMID: 39358566 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-024-10074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate prevalent chromosomal breakpoints identified in balanced structural chromosomal anomalies and to pinpoint potential candidate genes linked with male infertility. This was acchieved through a comprehensive approach combining RNA-seq and microarray data analysis, enabling precise identification of candidate genes. The Cytogenetics data from 2,500 infertile males referred to Royan Research Institute between 2009 and 2022 were analyzed, with 391 cases meeting the inclusion criteria of balanced chromosomal rearrangement. Of these, 193 cases exhibited normal variations and were excluded from the analysis. By examining the breakpoints, potential candidate genes were suggested. Among the remaining 198 cases, reciprocal translocations were the most frequent anomaly (129 cases), followed by Robertsonian translocations (43 cases), inversions (34 cases), and insertions (3 cases).Some patients had more than one chromosomal abnormality. Chromosomal anomalies were most frequently observed in chromosomes 13 (21.1%), 14 (20.1%), and 1 (16.3%) with 13q12, 14q12, and 1p36.3 being the most prevalent breakpoints, respectively. Chromosome 1 contributed the most to reciprocal translocations (20.2%) and inversions (17.6%), while chromosome 14 was the most involved in the Robertsonian translocations (82.2%). The findings suggested that breakpoints at 1p36.3 and 14q12 might be associated with pregestational infertility, whereas breakpoints at 13q12 could be linked to both gestational and pregestational infertility. Several candidate genes located on common breakpoints were proposed as potentially involved in male infertility. Bioinformatics analyses utilizing three databases were conducted to examine the expression patterns of 78 candidate genes implicated in various causes of infertility. In azoospermic individuals, significant differential expression was observed in 19 genes: 15 were downregulated (TSSK2, SPINK2, TSSK4, CDY1, CFAP70, BPY2, BTG4, FKBP6, PPP2R1B, SPECC1L, CENPJ, SKA3, FGF9, NODAL, CLOCK), while four genes were upregulated (HSPB1, MIF, PRF1, ENTPD6). In the case of Asthenozoospermia, seven genes showed significant upregulation (PRF1, DDX21, KIT, SRD5A3, MTCH1, DDX50, NODAL). Though RNA-seq data for Teratozoospermia were unavailable, microarray data revealed differential expression insix genes: three downregulated (BUB1, KLK4, PIWIL2) and three upregulated (AURKC, NPM2, RANBP2). These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular basis of male infertility and could provide valuable insights for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Hossein Garakani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kianoush Kakavand
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburska 89, 277 21, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Marjan Sabbaghian
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ghaheri
- Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Sadat Masoudi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shahhoseini
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Hassanzadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Zamanian
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shabnam Zarei Moradi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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197
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Ghosh S, Roy R, Mukherjee N, Ghosh S, Jash M, Jana A, Ghosh S. EphA4 Targeting Peptide-Conjugated Extracellular Vesicles Rejuvenates Adult Neural Stem Cells and Exerts Therapeutic Benefits in Aging Rats. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:3482-3495. [PMID: 39288278 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging and various neurodegenerative diseases cause significant reduction in adult neurogenesis and simultaneous increase in quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs), which impact the brain's regenerative capabilities. To deal with this challenging issue, current treatments involve stem cell transplants or prevention of neurodegeneration; however, the efficacy or success of this process remains limited. Therefore, extensive and focused investigation is highly demanding to overcome this challenging task. Here, we have designed an efficient peptide-based EphA4 receptor-targeted ligand through an in silico approach. Further, this strategy involves chemical conjugation of the peptide with adipose tissue stem cell-derived EV (Exo-pep-11). Interestingly, our newly designed engineered EV, Exo-pep-11, targets NSC through EphA4 receptors, which offers promising therapeutic advantages by stimulating NSC proliferation and subsequent differentiation. Our result demonstrates that NSC successfully internalized Exo-pep-11 in both in vitro culture conditions as well as in the in vivo aging rats. We found that the uptake of Exo-pep-11 decreased by ∼2.3-fold when NSC was treated with EphA4 antibody before Exo-pep-11 incubation, which confirms the receptor-specific uptake of Exo-pep-11. Exo-pep-11 treatment also increases NSC proliferation by ∼1.9-fold and also shows ∼1.6- and ∼2.4-fold increase in expressions of Nestin and ID1, respectively. Exo-pep-11 also has the potential to increase neurogenesis in aging rats, which is confirmed by ∼1.6- and ∼1.5-fold increases in expressions of TH and Tuj1, respectively, in rat olfactory bulb. Overall, our findings highlight the potential role of Exo-pep-11 for prospective applications in combating age-related declines in NSC activity and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Ghosh
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajsekhar Roy
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nabanita Mukherjee
- Smart Healthcare, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Surojit Ghosh
- Smart Healthcare, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Moumita Jash
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aniket Jana
- Smart Healthcare, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
- Smart Healthcare, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
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198
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Ruetz TJ, Pogson AN, Kashiwagi CM, Gagnon SD, Morton B, Sun ED, Na J, Yeo RW, Leeman DS, Morgens DW, Tsui CK, Li A, Bassik MC, Brunet A. CRISPR-Cas9 screens reveal regulators of ageing in neural stem cells. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07972-2. [PMID: 39358505 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07972-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Ageing impairs the ability of neural stem cells (NSCs) to transition from quiescence to proliferation in the adult mammalian brain. Functional decline of NSCs results in the decreased production of new neurons and defective regeneration following injury during ageing1-4. Several genetic interventions have been found to ameliorate old brain function5-8, but systematic functional testing of genes in old NSCs-and more generally in old cells-has not been done. Here we develop in vitro and in vivo high-throughput CRISPR-Cas9 screening platforms to systematically uncover gene knockouts that boost NSC activation in old mice. Our genome-wide screens in primary cultures of young and old NSCs uncovered more than 300 gene knockouts that specifically restore the activation of old NSCs. The top gene knockouts are involved in cilium organization and glucose import. We also establish a scalable CRISPR-Cas9 screening platform in vivo, which identified 24 gene knockouts that boost NSC activation and the production of new neurons in old brains. Notably, the knockout of Slc2a4, which encodes the GLUT4 glucose transporter, is a top intervention that improves the function of old NSCs. Glucose uptake increases in NSCs during ageing, and transient glucose starvation restores the ability of old NSCs to activate. Thus, an increase in glucose uptake may contribute to the decline in NSC activation with age. Our work provides scalable platforms to systematically identify genetic interventions that boost the function of old NSCs, including in vivo, with important implications for countering regenerative decline during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyson J Ruetz
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Angela N Pogson
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Bhek Morton
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric D Sun
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Biomedical Informatics Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeeyoon Na
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robin W Yeo
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dena S Leeman
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David W Morgens
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - C Kimberly Tsui
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amy Li
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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199
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Chung DJ, Wang CH, Liu PJ, Ng SK, Luo CK, Jwo SH, Li CT, Hsu DY, Fan CC, Wei TT. Targeting CREB-binding protein (CBP) abrogates colorectal cancer stemness through epigenetic regulation of C-MYC. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00838-9. [PMID: 39358564 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00838-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer worldwide with an increasing annual incidence. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play important roles in the occurrence, development, recurrence, and metastasis of CRC. The molecular mechanism regulating the development of colorectal CSCs remains unclear. The discovery of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) through somatic cell reprogramming has revolutionized the fields of stem cell biology and translational medicine. In the present study, we converted hiPSCs into cancer stem-like cells by culture with conditioned medium (CM) from CRC cells. These transformed cells, termed hiPSC-CSCs, displayed cancer stem-like properties, including a spheroid morphology and the expression of both pluripotency and CSC markers. HiPSC-CSCs showed tumorigenic and metastatic abilities in mouse models. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype was observed in hiPSC-CSCs, which promoted their migration and angiogenesis. Interestingly, upregulation of C-MYC was observed during the differentiation of hiPSC-CSCs. Mechanistically, CREB binding protein (CBP) bound to the C-MYC promoter, while histone deacetylase 1 and 3 (HDAC1/3) dissociated from the promoter, ultimately leading to an increase in histone acetylation and C-MYC transcriptional activation during the differentiation of hiPSC-CSCs. Pharmacological treatment with a CBP inhibitor or abrogation of CBP expression with a CRISPR/Cas9-based strategy reduced the stemness of hiPSC-CSCs. This study demonstrates for the first time that colorectal CSCs can be generated from hiPSCs. The upregulation of C-MYC via histone acetylation plays a crucial role during the conversion process. Inhibition of CBP is a potential strategy for attenuating the stemness of colorectal CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Jung Chung
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Wang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100225, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Jung Liu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Kok Ng
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Cong-Kai Luo
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Si-Han Jwo
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Tzu Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Dai-Yi Hsu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chu Fan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Tang Wei
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program in Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics (TIGP-CBMB), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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200
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Ma D, Liang R, Luo Q, Song G. Pressure loading regulates the stemness of liver cancer stem cells via YAP/BMF signaling axis. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31451. [PMID: 39358905 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered the major cause of the occurrence, progression, chemoresistance/radioresistance, recurrence, and metastasis of cancer. Increased interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) is a key feature of solid tumors. Our previous study showed that the distribution of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) correlated with the mechanical heterogeneity within liver cancer tissues. However, the regulation of liver cancer's mechanical microenvironment on the LCSC stemness is not fully understood. Here, we employed a cellular pressure-loading device to investigate the effects of normal IFP (5 mmHg), as well as increased IFP (40 and 200 mmHg) on the stemness of LCSCs. Compared to the control LCSCs (exposure to 5 mmHg pressure loading), the LCSCs exposed to 40 mmHg pressure loading exhibited significantly upregulated expression of CSC markers (CD44, EpCAM, Nanog), enhanced sphere and colony formation capacities, and tumorigenic potential, whereas continuously increased pressure to 200 mmHg suppressed the LCSC characteristics. Mechanistically, pressure loading regulated Yes-associated protein (YAP) activity and Bcl-2 modifying factor (BMF) expression. YAP transcriptionally regulated BMF expression to affect the stemness of LCSCs. Knockdown of YAP and overexpression of BMF attenuated pressure-mediated stemness and tumorgenicity, while YAP-deficient and BMF-deletion recused pressure-dependent stemness on LCSCs, suggesting the involvement of YAP/BMF signaling axis in this process. Together, our findings provide a potential target for overcoming the stemness of CSCs and elucidate the significance of increased IFP in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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