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Blanchet M, Angelo L, Tétreault Y, Khabir M, Sureau C, Vaillant A, Labonté P. HepG2BD: A Novel and Versatile Cell Line with Inducible HDV Replication and Constitutive HBV Expression. Viruses 2024; 16:532. [PMID: 38675875 PMCID: PMC11053718 DOI: 10.3390/v16040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) present an increased risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison to HBV mono-infected individuals. Although HDV only replicates in individuals coinfected or superinfected with HBV, there is currently no in vitro model that can stably express both viruses simultaneously, mimicking the chronic infections seen in HBV/HDV patients. Here, we present the HepG2BD cell line as a novel in vitro culture system for long-term replication of HBV and HDV. HepG2BD cells derive from HepG2.2.15 cells in which a 2 kb HDV cDNA sequence was inserted into the adeno-associated virus safe harbor integration site 1 (AAVS1) using CRISPR-Cas9. A Tet-Off promoter was placed 5' of the genomic HDV sequence for reliable initiation/repression of viral replication and secretion. HBV and HDV replication were then thoroughly characterized. Of note, non-dividing cells adopt a hepatocyte-like morphology associated with an increased production of both HDV and HBV virions. Finally, HDV seems to negatively interfere with HBV in this model system. Altogether, HepG2BD cells will be instrumental to evaluate, in vitro, the fundamental HBV-HDV interplay during simultaneous chronic replication as well as for antivirals screening targeting both viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Blanchet
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (L.A.); (Y.T.); (M.K.)
- Replicor Inc., Montréal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada;
| | - Léna Angelo
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (L.A.); (Y.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Yasmine Tétreault
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (L.A.); (Y.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Marwa Khabir
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (L.A.); (Y.T.); (M.K.)
| | | | | | - Patrick Labonté
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (L.A.); (Y.T.); (M.K.)
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202
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Kulkarni AV, Sarin SK. Acute-on-chronic liver failure - steps towards harmonization of the definition! J Hepatol 2024:S0168-8278(24)00220-4. [PMID: 38554849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), usually precipitated by alcohol misuse or viral reactivation, is characterised by rapid onset and usually reversible liver failure. Various definitions of ACLF have been proposed and widely used across the globe, including those by APASL, COSSH, EASL-CLIF, Japanese experts, and NACSELD. Although all the definitions have several similarities and connote high short-term mortality, a clear and standardised definition is still lacking, hampering research in this key area. In this review, we discuss the similarities and differences among various definitions and propose steps to harmonise EASL-CLIF, APASL, NACSELD, Japanese, and Chinese definitions of ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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203
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Chang ML, Cheng JS, Le PH, Chen WT, Ku HP, Chien RN. Evolutionary relationship between antimitochondrial antibody positivity and primary biliary cholangitis in Taiwan: a 16-year hospital cohort study. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2024; 17:17562848241241227. [PMID: 38560427 PMCID: PMC10981211 DOI: 10.1177/17562848241241227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background How antimitochondrial antibody (AMA)-positive patients evolve to have primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in viral hepatitis-endemic areas is unknown. Objectives We aimed to investigate this evolution in Taiwan. Design/methods A 16-year medical center-based cohort study of 2,095,628 subjects was conducted in Taiwan, an Asian country endemic to viral hepatitis. AMA-positive subjects were those with positive AMA with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ⩽1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and PBC was defined as positive AMA with ALP >1.5 × ULN. Results AMA-positive subjects had a lower average age- and sex-adjusted prevalence than PBC patients (4.68/105 versus 11.61/105, p = 0.0002), but their incidence was comparable (0.99/105 versus 1.12/105, p = 0.36). The former group had a borderline significantly lower mean age (56.59 years versus 58.10 years, p = 0.06) and a lower female-to-male ratio (2.85:1 versus 5.44:1, p < 0.0001). Both AMA-positive subjects (prevalence change: 20.0%, p < 0.01; incidence change: -9.2%, p < 0.01) and PBC patients (prevalence change: 14.6%, p < 0.01; incidence change: -4.7%, p < 0.01) prevalence rate increased but the incidence rate decreased. Among the 423 AMA-positive subjects, 77 (18.2%) developed PBC, for a mean duration of 1.757 years. Compared with AMA-positive subjects, PBC patients had similar concurrent chronic hepatitis B (CHB) rates (2.7% versus 4.3%, p = 0.197) but lower chronic hepatitis C (CHC) rates (3.69% versus 15.60%, p < 0.01). Conclusion PBC was more prevalent than AMA-positive subjects, and PBC patients had a higher female-to-male ratio than AMA-positive subjects, of whom 18.2% developed PBC (mean lag: 1.757 years). Upward trends in prevalence rates and downward trends in incidence rates were noted for both AMA-positive subjects and PBC. CHB was rare, CHC was more prevalent among PBC patients than the general population, and CHC was less prevalent among PBC than among AMA-positive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ling Chang
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jur-Shan Cheng
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Puo-Hsien Le
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Ku
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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204
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Qiu S, Zhang Q, Hu J, Wang L, Chen R, Cao Y, Liu F, Yu Z, Zhao C, Zhang L, Ren W, Xin S, Chen Y, Duan Z, Han T. Impact of Onset Time, Number, Type, and Sequence of Extrahepatic Organ Failure on Prognosis of Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:257-265. [PMID: 38426199 PMCID: PMC10899869 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The impact of the characteristics of extrahepatic organ failure (EHOF) including the onset time, number, type, and sequence on the prognosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the association between the characteristics of EHOF and the prognosis of ACLF patients. Methods ACLF subjects enrolled at six hospitals in China were included in the analysis. The risk of mortality based on the characteristics of EHOF was evaluated. Survival of study groups was compared by Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests. Results A total of 736 patients with ACLF were included. EHOF was observed in 402 patients (54.6%), of which 295 (73.4%) developed single EHOF (SEHOF) and 107 (26.6%) developed multiple EHOF (MEHOF). The most commonly observed EHOF was coagulation failure (47.0%), followed by renal (13.0%), brain (4.9%), respiratory (4.3%), and circulatory (2.3%) failure. Survival analysis found that MEHOF or SEHOF patients with brain failure had a worse prognosis. However, no significant outcome was found in the analysis of the effect of onset time and sequence of failed organs on prognosis. Patients were further divided into three risk subgroups by the EHOF characteristics. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that risk stratification resulted in the differentiation of patients with different risks of mortality both in the training and validation cohorts. Conclusions The mortality of ACLF patients was determined by the number and type, but not the onset time and sequence of EHOF. Risk stratification applicable to clinical practice was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotian Qiu
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaxuan Hu
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lewei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Cao
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenjun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Caiyan Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Liaoyun Zhang
- Department of Infection Disease, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Wanhua Ren
- Infectious Department of Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaojie Xin
- Liver Failure Treatment and Research Center, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Liver Disease Center (Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center), Beijing You’an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Liver Disease Center (Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center), Beijing You’an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Han
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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205
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Zhang PX, Zheng XW, Zhang YF, Ye J, Li W, Tang QQ, Zhu J, Zou GZ, Zhang ZH. Prediction model for hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B with peginterferon-alfa treated based on a response-guided therapy strategy. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:405-417. [PMID: 38577530 PMCID: PMC10989310 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Models for predicting hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) after nucleos(t)ide analog treatment are rare. AIM To establish a simple scoring model based on a response-guided therapy (RGT) strategy for predicting HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance. METHODS In this study, 75 previously treated patients with HBeAg-positive CHB underwent a 52-week peginterferon-alfa (PEG-IFNα) treatment and a 24-wk follow-up. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess parameters at baseline, week 12, and week 24 to predict HBeAg seroconversion at 24 wk post-treatment. The two best predictors at each time point were used to establish a prediction model for PEG-IFNα therapy efficacy. Parameters at each time point that met the corresponding optimal cutoff thresholds were scored as 1 or 0. RESULTS The two most meaningful predictors were HBsAg ≤ 1000 IU/mL and HBeAg ≤ 3 S/CO at baseline, HBsAg ≤ 600 IU/mL and HBeAg ≤ 3 S/CO at week 12, and HBsAg ≤ 300 IU/mL and HBeAg ≤ 2 S/CO at week 24. With a total score of 0 vs 2 at baseline, week 12, and week 24, the response rates were 23.8%, 15.2%, and 11.1% vs 81.8%, 80.0%, and 82.4%, respectively, and the HBsAg clearance rates were 2.4%, 3.0%, and 0.0%, vs 54.5%, 40.0%, and 41.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION We successfully established a predictive model and diagnosis-treatment process using the RGT strategy to predict HBeAg and HBsAg seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive CHB undergoing PEG-IFNα therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Xin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ya-Fei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qian-Qian Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Gui-Zhou Zou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China.
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206
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Wei S, Xie Q, Liao G, Chen H, Hu M, Lin X, Li H, Peng J. Patients with chronic hepatitis B who have persistently normal alanine aminotransferase or aged < 30 years may exhibit significant histologic damage. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:120. [PMID: 38532310 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The timing of antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with normal alanine transaminase (ALT) or aged < 30 years is still undetermined. We aimed to elucidate the correlation between liver histology, age, and ALT level in CHB patients and analyze the histological characteristics of the liver among patients with persistently normal ALT or aged < 30 years. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 697 treatment-naive CHB patients. Liver biopsies were performed, and significant histological damage was defined as the grade of liver inflammation ≥ G2 and/or fibrosis ≥ S2 based on the Scheuer scoring system. RESULTS The liver inflammation grades and fibrosis stages correlated positively with age, ALT, AST, GGT levels and negatively with the counts of PLT (all p < 0.050) in HBeAg-positive patients. Higher ALT levels and lower PLT counts were independently associated with significant liver inflammation and fibrosis in both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients. Furthermore, among those with persistently normal ALT levels, the incidence of significant liver inflammation and fibrosis were 66.1% and 53.7% in HBeAg-positive groups, and 63.0% and 55.5% in HBeAg-negative groups. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of significant liver damage between patients aged < 30 years and those aged ≥ 30 years, in both HBeAg-positive (≥ G2 or ≥ S2: 63.8% vs. 75.8%, p = 0.276) and HBeAg-negative (≥ G2 or ≥ S2: 65.9% vs. 72.5%, p = 0.504) groups, among patients with persistently normal ALT levels. CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of CHB patients with persistently normal ALT, including those below the age of 30 years, exhibited significant histological damage. This highlights the importance of initiating early antiviral therapy for HBV-infected individuals, even in the absence of elevated ALT levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufang Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiuli Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, China
| | - Guichan Liao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hongjie Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Meixin Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoli Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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207
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Cai XH, Tang YM, Chen SR, Pang JH, Chong YT, Cao H, Li XH. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in end-stage liver disease: A meta-analysis. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:477-489. [PMID: 38577540 PMCID: PMC10989309 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is commonly utilized as a prognostic indicator in end-stage liver disease (ESLD), encompassing conditions like liver failure and decompensated cirrhosis. Nevertheless, some studies have contested the prognostic value of NLR in ESLD. AIM To investigate the ability of NLR to predict ESLD. METHODS Databases, such as Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu, and Wanfang, were comprehensively searched to identify studies published before October 2022 assessing the prognostic ability of NLR to predict mortality in patients with ESLD. Effect sizes were calculated using comprehensive meta-analysis software and SATAT 15.1. RESULTS A total of thirty studies involving patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) were included in the evaluation. Among the pooled results of eight studies, it was observed that the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors (random-effects model: standardized mean difference = 1.02, 95% confidence interval = 0.67-1.37). Additionally, twenty-seven studies examined the associations between NLR and mortality in ESLD patients, reporting either hazard ratios (HR) or odds ratios (OR). The combined findings indicated a link between NLR and ESLD mortality (random-effects model; univariate HR = 1.07, 95%CI = 1.05-1.09; multivariate HR = 1.07, 95%CI = 1.07-1.09; univariate OR = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.18-1.39; multivariate OR = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.09-1.49). Furthermore, subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed regional variations in the impact of NLR on ESLD mortality, with Asian studies demonstrating a more pronounced effect. CONCLUSION Increased NLR in patients with ESLD is associated with a higher risk of mortality, particularly in Asian patients. NLR is a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with ESLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hao Cai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yun-Ming Tang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shu-Ru Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Hui Pang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Tian Chong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Hua Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China.
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208
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Lam R, Lim JK. Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B: A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:331-343. [PMID: 38577537 PMCID: PMC10989302 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United States. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. Antiviral therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression, which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver complications. However, current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects, adherence, resistance, long-term treatment, and ongoing risk for liver events. Novel investigational agents are currently in development and are targeted at achieving functional cure with sustained hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and suppression of HBV DNA. Herein we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining the efficacy and safety profiles for key investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B, including core/capsid inhibitors, entry inhibitors, RNA interference (siRNA/ASO), HBsAg inhibitors, Toll-like receptor agonists, checkpoint inhibitors, and therapeutic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lam
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Joseph K Lim
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
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209
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Silva-Sperb AS, Moraes HA, Barcelos STA, de Moura BC, Longo L, Michalczuk MT, Cerski CTS, Uribe-Cruz C, da Silveira TR, Álvares-da-Silva MR, Dall’Alba V. Probiotic supplementation for 24 weeks in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: the PROBILIVER randomized clinical trial. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1362694. [PMID: 38600992 PMCID: PMC11004384 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1362694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Considering the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and treatment gaps, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on liver function markers, nutritional status, and clinical parameters. Methods This double-blind, randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT0346782) included adult outpatients with biopsy-proven NASH. The intervention consisted of 24 weeks of supplementation with the probiotic mix Lactobacillus acidophilus (1 × 109 CFU) + Lactobacillus rhamnosus (1 × 109 CFU) + Lactobacillus paracasei (1 × 109 CFU) + Bifidobacterium lactis (1 × 109 CFU), or placebo, twice a day. The following parameters were evaluated: demographic and clinical data, transient elastography (FibroScan), liver enzymes, NAFLD fibrosis score, fatty liver index, laboratory assessment, serum concentration of toll-like receptor-4 (sTLR-4) and cytokeratin 18 (CK-18), anthropometric data, dietary intake, and physical activity. Regarding data analysis, the comparison between the groups was based on the delta of the difference of each variable analyzed (value at the end of treatment minus the baseline value) using the t-test for independent samples or the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results Forty-four patients with NASH completed the trial (51.4 ± 11.6 years). At baseline, 87% of participants had a mild liver fibrosis degree on biopsy, normal values of liver enzymes, transient elastography values consistent with grade 1 fibrosis in both groups, increased waist circumference (WC), a BMI of 30.97 kg/m2, and 76% presented with metabolic syndrome (MetS). After the intervention, no differences were observed between the probiotic and placebo groups in terms of MetS, WC, BMI scores, or liver enzyme levels (p > 0.05 for all). The elastography values remained consistent with grade 1 fibrosis in both groups. Although CK-18 was reduced in both groups, a larger effect size was noted in the probiotic group (D = 1.336). sTLR-4 was also reduced in both groups, with no difference between groups (p = 0.885). Conclusion Intervention with probiotics in the early stages of NASH demonstrated no significant change in hepatic and clinical parameters. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT0346782.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Souza Silva-Sperb
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Helena Abadie Moraes
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Concheski de Moura
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Larisse Longo
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Matheus Truccolo Michalczuk
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos Thadeu Schmidt Cerski
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Unit of Surgical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina Uribe-Cruz
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Themis Reverbel da Silveira
- Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mário Reis Álvares-da-Silva
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Valesca Dall’Alba
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Nutrition Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Liu S, Li R, Sun YW, Lin H, Li HF. Protein succinylation, hepatic metabolism, and liver diseases. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:344-352. [PMID: 38577527 PMCID: PMC10989315 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinylation is a highly conserved post-translational modification that is processed via enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. Succinylation exhibits strong effects on protein stability, enzyme activity, and transcriptional regulation. Protein succinylation is extensively present in the liver, and increasing evidence has demonstrated that succinylation is closely related to hepatic metabolism. For instance, histone acetyltransferase 1 promotes liver glycolysis, and the sirtuin 5-induced desuccinylation is involved in the regulation of the hepatic urea cycle and lipid metabolism. Therefore, the effects of succinylation on hepatic glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism under the action of various enzymes will be discussed in this work. In addition, how succinylases regulate the progression of different liver diseases will be reviewed, including the desuccinylation activity of sirtuin 7, which is closely associated with fatty liver disease and hepatitis, and the actions of lysine acetyltransferase 2A and histone acetyltransferase 1 that act as succinyltransferases to regulate the succinylation of target genes that influence the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. In view of the diversity and significance of protein succinylation, targeting the succinylation pathway may serve as an attractive direction for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya-Wen Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai Lin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Fang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China.
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211
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Wu YP, Li FC, Ma HY, Yang XY, Zuo J, Tian YX, Lv L, Wang K, Fan YC. Characteristics and risk factors for invasive fungal infection in hospitalized patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure: a retrospective cohort study from 2010 to 2023. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1391814. [PMID: 38601929 PMCID: PMC11004317 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1391814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The global burden of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) is emerging in immunologic deficiency status from various disease. Patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF) are prone to IFI and their conditions are commonly exacerbated by IFI. However, little is known about the characteristics and risk factors for IFI in hospitalized ACHBLF patients. Methods A total of 243 hospitalized ACHBLF patients were retrospectively enrolled from January 2010 to July 2023. We performed restricted cubic spline analysis to determine the non-linear associations between independent variables and IFI. The risk factors for IFI were identified using logistic regression and the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm. The effect values of the risk factors were determined by the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method. Results There were 24 ACHBLF patients (9.84%) who developed IFI on average 17.5 (13.50, 23.00) days after admission. The serum creatinine level showed a non-linear association with the possibility of IFI. Multiple logistic regression revealed that length of hospitalization (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.08, P = 0.002) and neutrophilic granulocyte percentage (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.09, P = 0.042) were independent risk factors for IFI. The XGBoost algorithm showed that the use of antibiotics (SHAP value = 0.446), length of hospitalization (SHAP value = 0.406) and log (qHBV DNA) (SHAP value = 0.206) were the top three independent risk factors for IFI. Furthermore, interaction analysis revealed no multiplicative effects between the use of antibiotics and the use of glucocorticoids (P = 0.990). Conclusion IFI is a rare complication that leads to high mortality in hospitalized ACHBLF patients, and a high neutrophilic granulocyte percentage and length of hospitalization are independent risk factors for the occurrence of IFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ping Wu
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng-Cai Li
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hang-Yu Ma
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue-Yan Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zuo
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu-Xin Tian
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Lv
- Clinical Follow-up Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Hepatology Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu-Chen Fan
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Hepatology Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Druckrey-Fiskaaen KT, Vold JH, Madebo T, Midgard H, Dalgard O, Leiva RA, Fadnes LT. Liver stiffness and associated risk factors among people with a history of injecting drugs: a prospective cohort study. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2024; 19:21. [PMID: 38532435 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-024-00603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons with opioid use disorders (OUD) and persons with substance use disorders (SUD) who inject substances have a reduced life expectancy of up to 25 years compared with the general population. Chronic liver diseases are a substantial cause of this. Screening strategies based on liver stiffness measurements (LSM) may facilitate early detection, timely intervention, and treatment of liver disease. This study aims to investigate the extent of chronic liver disease measured with transient elastography and the association between LSM and various risk factors, including substance use patterns, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, alcohol use, body mass index, age, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol among people with OUD or with SUD who inject substances. METHODS Data was collected from May 2017 to March 2022 in a cohort of 676 persons from Western Norway. The cohort was recruited from two populations: Persons receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT) (81% of the sample) or persons with SUD injecting substances but not receiving OAT. All participants were assessed at least once with transient elastography. A linear mixed model was performed to assess the impact of risk factors such as HCV infection, alcohol use, lifestyle-associated factors, and substance use on liver stiffness at baseline and over time. Baseline was defined as the time of the first liver stiffness measurement. The results are presented as coefficients (in kilopascal (kPa)) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS At baseline, 12% (n = 83) of the study sample had LSM suggestive of advanced chronic liver disease (LSM ≥ 10 kPa). Advanced age (1.0 kPa per 10 years increments, 95% CI: 0.68;1.3), at least weekly alcohol use (1.3, 0.47;2.1), HCV infection (1.2, 0.55;1.9), low HDL cholesterol level (1.4, 0.64;2.2), and higher body mass index (0.25 per increasing unit, 0.17;0.32) were all significantly associated with higher LSM at baseline. Compared with persistent chronic HCV infection, a resolved HCV infection predicted a yearly reduction of LSM (-0.73, -1.3;-0.21) from baseline to the following liver stiffness measurement. CONCLUSIONS More than one-tenth of the participants in this study had LSM suggestive of advanced chronic liver disease. It underscores the need for addressing HCV infection and reducing lifestyle-related liver risk factors, such as metabolic health factors and alcohol consumption, to prevent the advancement of liver fibrosis or cirrhosis in this particular population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Trygve Druckrey-Fiskaaen
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Jørn Henrik Vold
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tesfaye Madebo
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Håvard Midgard
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Dalgard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Lars T Fadnes
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Leung RHM, Hui RWH, Mak LY, Mao X, Liu KSH, Wong DKH, Fung J, Seto WK, Yuen MF. ALT to qHBsAg ratio predicts long-term HBsAg seroclearance after entecavir cessation in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Hepatol 2024:S0168-8278(24)00204-6. [PMID: 38527527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Factors predicting HBsAg seroclearance after treatment cessation, irrespective of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) resumption, have important clinical implications. We evaluated predictors of long-term HBsAg seroclearance after entecavir cessation. METHODS This study followed-up Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B from two previous studies of entecavir cessation. All patients were non-cirrhotic, HBeAg-negative, with undetectable HBV DNA (<20 IU/ml) at end-of-treatment (EOT). They were monitored closely for 48 weeks with regular HBV DNA, quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) measurements. Entecavir was resumed at HBV DNA >2,000 IU/ml, irrespective of ALT levels. After the initial 48 weeks, patients were assessed every 6 months, regardless of entecavir resumption, to monitor for HBsAg seroclearance. RESULTS A total of 194 patients (63.4% male, mean age 49.9 years, on entecavir for a median of 47.2 months) were recruited; 94 (48.5%) and 158 (81.4%) patients had EOT qHBsAg <100 IU/ml and <1,000 IU/ml, respectively; 151 (77.8%) patients were eventually resumed on entecavir. After follow-up for a median of 70.7 (51.0-118.2) months, 28 (14.4%) patients had HBsAg seroclearance. qHBsAg levels at weeks 36 and 48 after EOT independently predicted HBsAg seroclearance (both p <0.01), whereas qHBsAg from EOT to week 24 only trended towards statistical significance. The ratio of ALT/qHBsAg at all time points from EOT to week 48 independently predicted HBsAg seroclearance (hazard ratios ranging from 1.003-1.028, all p <0.01) with excellent diagnostic performance (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve 0.799-0.933, negative predictive value >90% at different time points), regardless of whether entecavir was resumed. CONCLUSIONS The ALT/qHBsAg ratio after entecavir cessation predicts HBsAg seroclearance, even in patients who were resumed on treatment. Its use may mitigate the risk of severe hepatitis flares in patients managed by observation without treatment resumption. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Current predictors of HBsAg seroclearance after finite nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy have suboptimal predictive value. We demonstrated that the ALT/qHBsAg ratio may be able to reflect the balance between host control and virological activity. The ALT/qHBsAg ratio at different time points from end-of-treatment till week 48 independently and accurately predicted HBsAg seroclearance in patients who have stopped entecavir. The ALT/qHBsAg ratio may be utilized by clinicians for patient selection and retreatment decisions in finite NA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hin-Man Leung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Rex Wan-Hin Hui
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Lung-Yi Mak
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xianhua Mao
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kevin Sze-Hang Liu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Danny Ka-Ho Wong
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - James Fung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wai-Kay Seto
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
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Fernández J, Blasi A, Hidalgo E, Karvellas CJ. Bridging the critically ill patient with acute to chronic liver failure to liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2024:S1600-6135(24)00223-5. [PMID: 38548058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) has emerged as an effective therapy for severe forms of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), an entity characterized by the development of multiorgan failure and high short-term mortality. The aim of critical care management of ACLF patients is to rapidly treat precipitating events and aggressively support failing organs to ensure that patients may successfully undergo LT or, less frequently, recover. Malnutrition and sarcopenia are frequently present, adversely impacting the prognosis of these patients. Management of critical care patients with ACLF is complex and requires the participation of different specialties. Once the patient is stabilized, a rapid evaluation for salvage LT should be performed because the time window for LT is often narrow. The development of sepsis and prolonged organ support may preclude LT or diminish its chances of success. The current review describes strategies to bridge severe ACLF patients to LT, highlights the minimal evaluation required for listing and the currently suggested contraindications to proceed with LT, and addresses different aspects of management during the perioperative and early posttransplant period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández
- Liver ICU, Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Spain; EF Clif, EASL-CLIF Consortium, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Annabel Blasi
- Anesthesiology Department, Hospital Clínic, and University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernest Hidalgo
- Hepatolobiliary Surgery Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constantine J Karvellas
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology (Liver Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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215
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Pondé RADA, Amorim GDSP. Elimination of the hepatitis B virus: A goal, a challenge. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 38528684 DOI: 10.1002/med.22030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The hepatitis B elimination is a goal proposed by the WHO to be achieved by 2030 through the adoption of synergistic measures for the prevention and chronic HBV infection treatment. Complete cure is characterized by the HBV elimination from the body and is the goal of the chronic hepatitis B treatment, which once achieved, will enable the hepatitis B elimination. This, today, has been a scientific challenge. The difficulty in achieving a complete cure is due to the indefinite maintenance of a covalently closed episomal circular DNA (cccDNA) reservoir and the maintenance and persistence of an insufficient and dysfunctional immune response in chronically infected patients. Among the measures adopted to eliminate hepatitis B, two have the potential to directly interfere with the virus cycle, but with limited effect on HBV control. These are conventional vaccines-blocking transmission and antiviral therapy-inhibiting replication. Vaccines, despite their effectiveness in protecting against horizontal transmission and preventing mother-to-child vertical transmission, have no effect on chronic infection or potential to eliminate the virus. Treatment with antivirals suppresses viral replication, but has no curative effect, as it has no action against cccDNA. Therapeutic vaccines comprise an additional approach in the chronic infection treatment, however, they have only a modest effect on the immune system, enhancing it temporarily. This manuscript aims to address (1) the cccDNA persistence in the hepatocyte nucleus and the immune response dysfunction in chronically infected individuals as two primary factors that have hampered the treatment and HBV elimination from the human body; (2) the limitations of antiviral therapy and therapeutic vaccines, as strategies to control hepatitis B; and (3) the possibly promising therapeutic approaches for the complete cure and elimination of hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robério Amorim de Almeida Pondé
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde-SES, Superintendência de Vigilância em Saúde-SUVISA/GO, Gerência de Vigilância Epidemiológica de Doenças Transmissíveis-GVEDT/Coordenação de Análises e Pesquisas-CAP, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Human Virology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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216
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Jagarlamudi N, Reyes M, Fung S, Wong F. The Use of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in the Management of eAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B Infection. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1864. [PMID: 38610629 PMCID: PMC11012673 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Currently, there are insufficient data to recommend the treatment of patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic infection who have normal ALT and low HBV DNA, since the prognosis is generally regarded as favorable. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether the use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) 300 mg/day for 3 years was able to achieve functional cure (HBsAg loss) and HBsAg seroconversion in HBeAb-positive individuals. Methods: Fifty patients not on antiviral therapy (40% men, mean age 48.9 ± 10.9 years, 84% Asians) with minimal fibrosis were enrolled. Results: TDF reduced HBV DNA significantly to undetectable levels after 6 months. Overall, 48.3% of inactive carriers (baseline HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL) remained HBV DNA negative 6 months after treatment withdrawal, which was significantly higher than the 5.6% in those who were not inactive carriers (baseline HBV DNA ≥ 2000 IU/mL) (p = 0.003). The HBsAg levels did not drop throughout the study period with no difference between inactive carriers versus those who were not. Five inactive carriers achieved functional cure, but none of these were amongst those who were not inactive carriers. No renal dysfunction or ALT flare on treatment withdrawal was observed. Conclusions: TDF could potentially be used to induce functional cure in patients who are inactive carriers with normal ALT, low HBV DNA and without advanced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Florence Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada (M.R.); (S.F.)
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217
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Faddy HM, Osiowy C, Custer B, Busch M, Stramer SL, Dean MM, Acutt J, Viennet E, van de Laar T, Tsoi WC, Styles C, Kiely P, Margaritis A, Kwon SY, Qiu Y, Deng X, Lewin A, Jørgensen SW, Erikstrup C, Juhl D, Sauleda S, Camacho Rodriguez BA, Soto Coral LJC, Gaviria García PA, Oota S, O'Brien SF, Wendel S, Castro E, Navarro Pérez L, Harvala H, Davison K, Reynolds C, Jarvis L, Grabarczyk P, Kopacz A, Łętowska M, O'Flaherty N, Young F, Williams P, Burke L, Chua SS, Muylaert A, Page I, Jones A, Niederhauser C, Vermeulen M, Laperche S, Gallian P, Satake M, Addas-Carvalho M, Blanco S, Gallego SV, Seltsam A, Weber-Schehl M, Al-Riyami AZ, Al Maamari K, Alawi FB, Pandey HC, França RA, Charlewood R. An international review of the characteristics of viral nucleic acid-amplification testing (NAT) reveals a trend towards the use of smaller pool sizes and individual donation NAT. Vox Sang 2024. [PMID: 38516962 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Nucleic acid-amplification testing (NAT) is used for screening blood donations/donors for blood-borne viruses. We reviewed global viral NAT characteristics and NAT-yield confirmatory testing used by blood operators. MATERIALS AND METHODS NAT characteristics and NAT-yield confirmatory testing used during 2019 was surveyed internationally by the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases. Reported characteristics are presented herein. RESULTS NAT was mainly performed under government mandate. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) NAT was performed on all donors and donation types, while selective testing was reported for West Nile virus, hepatitis E virus (HEV), and Zika virus. Individual donation NAT was used for HIV, HCV and HBV by ~50% of responders, while HEV was screened in mini-pools by 83% of responders performing HEV NAT. Confirmatory testing for NAT-yield samples was generally performed by NAT on a sample from the same donation or by NAT and serology on samples from the same donation and a follow-up sample. CONCLUSION In the last decade, there has been a trend towards use of smaller pool sizes or individual donation NAT. We captured characteristics of NAT internationally in 2019 and provide insights into confirmatory testing approaches used for NAT-yields, potentially benefitting blood operators seeking to implement NAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Faddy
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, Queensland, Australia
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carla Osiowy
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael Busch
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Melinda M Dean
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, Queensland, Australia
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessika Acutt
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elvina Viennet
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thijs van de Laar
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wai-Chiu Tsoi
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong
| | - Claire Styles
- Pathology & Clinical Governance, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phil Kiely
- Pathology & Clinical Governance, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Angelo Margaritis
- Manufacturing & Logistics, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia
| | - So-Yong Kwon
- Korean Red Cross Blood Services, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Qiu
- Beijing Red Cross Blood Centre, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - David Juhl
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emma Castro
- Centro de Transfusión de la Comunidad Valenciana, Spain
| | | | - Heli Harvala
- Microbiology Services, NHS Blood and Transplant, UK
| | | | | | - Lisa Jarvis
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, UK
| | - Piotr Grabarczyk
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Kopacz
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Fiona Young
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Lisa Burke
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Isabel Page
- Centro de Hemoterapia y Hemodonacion de Castilla y Leon, Spain
| | | | - Christoph Niederhauser
- Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC, Switzerland
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | | | - Syria Laperche
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint Denis, France
| | - Pierre Gallian
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint Denis, France
| | | | | | | | - Sandra V Gallego
- Fundación Banco Central de Sangre, Argentina
- Virology Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Axel Seltsam
- Bavarian Red Cross Blood Donation Service, Wiesentheid, Germany
| | | | - Arwa Z Al-Riyami
- Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | | | - Fatma Ba Alawi
- Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | - Hem Chandra Pandey
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Maung ST, Deepan N, Decharatanachart P, Chaiteerakij R. Screening for viral hepatitis B infection in cancer patients before receiving chemotherapy - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38512893 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening rate in cancer patients before systemic chemotherapy, aiming to identify those needing antiviral prophylaxis for HBV reactivation. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar for relevant studies. The pooled screening rate was estimated using a random effects model. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on malignancy types, chemotherapy regimens, study period, and HBV endemic regions. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 29 studies from various endemic regions (19 low-endemic, three lower intermediate-endemic, and seven higher intermediate-endemic). These studies encompassed hematologic malignancies (n = 10), solid-organ tumors (n = 4), and combinations (n = 15). Seven studies used rituximab-containing regimens, four did not, and the remaining 11 did not specify chemotherapy regimens. The pooled screening rate was 57% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 46%-68%, I2 = 100%). Over time, screening rates improved from 37% (95%CI: 23%-53%) in 2006-2010 to 68% (54%-80%) in 2011-2015 and 69% (48%-84%) in 2016-2020. Screening rates were highest at 89% (74%-96%) in high endemic countries, followed by 60% (45-73%) in lower-intermediate and 49% (34-64%) in low-endemic countries. Patients with hematological malignancies had a higher screening rate than those with solid organ tumors, 65% (55%-74%) versus 37% (21%-57%), respectively. A screening rate was higher in patients receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy than non-rituximab regimens, 68% (55%-79%) versus 45% (27%-65%). CONCLUSION Despite existing guidelines, pre-chemotherapy HBV screening rate remains unsatisfactory, with substantial heterogeneous rates globally. These findings underscore the need for effective strategies to align practices with clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soe Thiha Maung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Ma Har Myaing Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Natee Deepan
- Division of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation and Endoscopy in Gastrointestinal Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Liu H, Li H, Deng G, Zheng X, Huang Y, Chen J, Meng Z, Gao Y, Qian Z, Liu F, Lu X, Shi Y, Shang J, Yan H, Zheng Y, Shen Z, Qiao L, Zhang W, Wang X. Association of AST/ALT ratio with 90-day outcomes in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic liver disease: a prospective multicenter cohort study in China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1307901. [PMID: 38576715 PMCID: PMC10993385 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1307901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim A high aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio is associated with liver injury in liver disease; however, no data exist regarding its relationship with 90-day prognosis in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic liver disease. Methods In this study, 3,758 participants (955 with advanced fibrosis and 2,803 with cirrhosis) from the CATCH-LIFE cohort in China were included. The relationships between different AST/ALT ratios and the risk of adverse 90-day outcomes (death or liver transplantation) were determined in patients with cirrhosis or hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated advanced fibrosis, respectively. Results In the patients with HBV-associated advanced fibrosis, the risk of 90-day adverse outcomes increased with AST/ALT ratio; after adjusting for all confounding factors, the risk of adverse 90-day outcomes was the highest when AST/ALT ratio was more than 1.08 (OR = 6.91 [95% CI = 1.789-26.721], p = 0.005), and the AST/ALT ratio of >1.9 accelerated the development of adverse outcomes. In patients with cirrhosis, an AST/ALT ratio > 1.38 increased the risk of adverse 90-day outcomes in all univariables (OR = 1.551 [95% CI = 1.216-1.983], p < 0.001) and multivariable-adjusted analyses (OR = 1.847 [95% CI = 1.361-2.514], p < 0.001), and an elevated AST/ALT ratio (<2.65) accelerated the incidence of 90-day adverse outcomes. An AST/ALT ratio of >1.38 corresponded with a more than 20% incidence of adverse outcomes in patients with cirrhosis. Conclusion The AST/ALT ratio is an independent risk factor for adverse 90-day outcomes in patients with cirrhosis and HBV-associated advanced fibrosis. The cutoff values of the AST/ALT ratio could help clinicians monitor the condition of patients when making clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infection and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinjun Chen
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongji Meng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanhang Gao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiping Qian
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Infectious Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yu Shi
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Shang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huadong Yan
- Department of Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Hwamei Hospital, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yubao Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zixuan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weituo Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianbo Wang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ocampo YC, Castro JP, Pájaro IB, Caro D, Talero E, Motilva V, Franco LA. Protective effect of sucrose esters from cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) in TNBS-induced colitis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299687. [PMID: 38512973 PMCID: PMC10957089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytotherapy is an attractive strategy to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that could be especially useful in developing countries. We previously demonstrated the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of the total ethereal extract from the Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) calyces in TNBS-induced colitis. This work investigates the therapeutic potential of Peruviose A and B, two sucrose esters that constitute the major metabolites of its calyces. The effect of the Peruvioses A and B mixture on TNBS-induced colitis was studied after 3 (preventive) and 15-days (therapy set-up) of colitis induction in rats. Colonic inflammation was assessed by measuring macroscopic/histologic damage, MPO activity, and biochemical changes. Additionally, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with test compounds to determine the effect on cytokine imbalance in these cells. Peruvioses mixture ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis in acute (preventive) or established (therapeutic) settings. Although 3-day treatment with compounds did not produce a potent effect, it was sufficient to significantly reduce the extent/severity of tissue damage and the microscopic disturbances. Beneficial effects in the therapy set-up were substantially higher and involved the inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes (iNOS, COX-2), cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), as well as epithelial regeneration with restoration of goblet cells numbers and expression of MUC-2 and TFF-3. Consistently, LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells produced less NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1. These effects might be related to the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results suggest that sucrose esters from P. peruviana calyces, non-edible waste from fruit production, might be useful as an alternative IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanet C. Ocampo
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jenny P. Castro
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Indira B. Pájaro
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Daneiva Caro
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Elena Talero
- Department of Pharmacology, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luis A. Franco
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
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Hui Y, Wang H, Guo G, Yang W, Zhang X, Yang J, Yang F, Wang X, Fan X, Cui B, Chen X, Jiao H, Sun C. Association Between Quality of Life Defined by EuroQol Group 5 Dimension and Composite Inferior Outcome Among Inpatients with Cirrhosis. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:551-560. [PMID: 38528882 PMCID: PMC10962662 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s444842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The utility of the EuroQol Group 5 Dimension (EQ-5D) measuring health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been verified; however, knowledge gaps remain concerning predictive performance in cirrhosis. We aimed to identify the optimal threshold for risk stratification and the pronounced domain in the EQ-5D linked to inferior outcomes. Patients and Methods The X-tile project was used to obtain a threshold, considering the composite outcome of 1-year all-cause mortality or readmission. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was performed to test the non-linear relationship between the EQ-5D utility value and the primary outcome. Six multivariate Cox regression models incorporating EQ-5D utility value and each of the five domains were constructed. Setting/Participants Totally, 420 patients with cirrhosis were recruited. Results The median utility value of the study population was 0.77 and 59.8% reported impairment in minimal one EQ-5D domain. RCS indicated a linear relationship between the utility value and composite inferior outcome. X-tile pinpointed a utility value of 0.59 stratifying populations into high- and low-risk groups based on the outcome. Inpatients with cirrhosis and deteriorated HRQoL (utility value ≤0.59) were at higher risk of death or readmission (adjusted HR: 2.18, P < 0.001). Furthermore, mobility and usual activities were the most pronounced domains associated with composite inferior outcome. Conclusion A utility value ≤0.59 can identify cirrhotic inpatients exhibiting compromised HRQoL and mortality/readmission risk. It is tempting to reverse the decreased HRQoL by applying longitudinal measurements and keeping surveillance on utility value, while interventions appear to mainly focus on improving mobility and usual activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Hui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaoyue Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanting Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuqian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Digestive System, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binxin Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanli Jiao
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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Semmler G, Alonso López S, Pons M, Lens S, Dajti E, Griemsmann M, Zanetto A, Burghart L, Hametner-Schreil S, Hartl L, Manzano M, Rodriguez-Tajes S, Zanaga P, Schwarz M, Gutierrez ML, Jachs M, Pocurull A, Polo B, Ecker D, Mateos B, Izquierdo S, Real Y, Ahumada A, Bauer DJM, Mauz JB, Casanova-Cabral M, Gschwantler M, Russo FP, Azzaroli F, Maasoumy B, Reiberger T, Forns X, Genesca J, Bañares R, Mandorfer M. Post-treatment LSM rather than change during treatment predicts decompensation in patients with cACLD after HCV cure. J Hepatol 2024:S0168-8278(24)00198-3. [PMID: 38521170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Baveno VII has defined a clinically significant (i.e., prognostically meaningful) decrease in liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in cACLD as a decrease of ≥20% associated with a final LSM <20 kPa or any decrease to <10 kPa. However, these rules have not yet been validated against direct clinical endpoints. METHODS We retrospectively analysed patients with cACLD (LSM ≥10 kPa) with paired liver stiffness measurement (LSM) before (BL) and after (FU) HCV cure by interferon-free therapies from 15 European centres. The cumulative incidence of hepatic decompensation was compared according to these criteria, considering hepatocellular carcinoma and non-liver-related death as competing risks. RESULTS A total of 2,335 patients followed for a median of 6 years were analysed. Median BL-LSM was 16.6 kPa with 37.1% having ≥20 kPa. After HCV cure, FU-LSM decreased to a median of 10.9 kPa (<10 kPa: 1,002 [42.9%], ≥20 kPa: 465 [19.9%]) translating into a median LSM change of -5.3 (-8.8 to -2.4) kPa corresponding to -33.9 (-48.0 to -15.9) %. Patients achieving a clinically significant decrease (65.4%) had a significantly lower risk of hepatic decompensation (subdistribution hazard ratio: 0.12, 95% CI 0.04-0.35, p <0.001). However, these risk differences were primarily driven by a negligible risk in patients with FU-LSM <10 kPa (5-year cumulative incidence: 0.3%) compared to a high risk in patients with FU-LSM ≥20 kPa (16.6%). Patients with FU-LSM 10-19.9 kPa (37.4%) also had a low risk of hepatic decompensation (5-year cumulative incidence: 1.7%), and importantly, the risk of hepatic decompensation did not differ between those with/without an LSM decrease of ≥20% (p = 0.550). CONCLUSIONS FU-LSM is key for risk stratification after HCV cure and should guide clinical decision making. LSM dynamics do not hold significant prognostic information in patients with FU-LSM 10-19.9 kPa, and thus, their consideration is not of sufficient incremental value in the specific context of HCV cure. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) is increasingly applied as a prognostic biomarker and commonly decreases in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease achieving HCV cure. Although Baveno VII proposed criteria for a clinically significant decrease, little is known about the prognostic utility of LSM dynamics (changes through antiviral therapy). Interestingly, in those with a post-treatment LSM of 10-19.9 kPa, LSM dynamics did not provide incremental information, arguing against the consideration of LSM dynamics as prognostic criteria. Thus, post-treatment LSM should guide the management of patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease achieving HCV cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Semmler
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonia Alonso López
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto De Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Pons
- Liver Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institut of Research (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabela Lens
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elton Dajti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Bologna, Italy
| | - Marie Griemsmann
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alberto Zanetto
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Lukas Burghart
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Klinik Ottakring, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Lukas Hartl
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marisa Manzano
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 De Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Rodriguez-Tajes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paola Zanaga
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Michael Schwarz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Klinik Ottakring, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Mathias Jachs
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Pocurull
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benjamín Polo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dominik Ecker
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ordensklinikum Linz Barmherzige Schwestern, Linz, Austria
| | - Beatriz Mateos
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Izquierdo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Real
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Ahumada
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Josef Maria Bauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Klinik Ottakring, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jim Benjamin Mauz
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Francesco Paolo Russo
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Azzaroli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Bologna, Italy
| | - Benjamin Maasoumy
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Reiberger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xavier Forns
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Genesca
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Liver Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institut of Research (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Bañares
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto De Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mattias Mandorfer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Rehman H, Rehman ST, Zulfiqar S, Awan S, Abid S. Real-world comparison of terlipressin vs. octreotide as an adjuvant treatment in the management of variceal bleeding. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6692. [PMID: 38509184 PMCID: PMC10954665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Variceal bleeding is a major complication and the leading cause of death in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of terlipressin vs octreotide as an adjuvant to endoscopic management of patients with esophageal variceal bleeding in a real-time scenario. We reviewed the medical records of patients with esophageal variceal bleeding from January 2005 to December 2020 at our tertiary care Aga Khan University Hospital. Mortality was assessed after 6 weeks. A total of 842 patients with variceal bleed were evaluated. 624 patients (74.1%) and 218 patients (25.9%) received Terlipressin and Octreotide respectively. On multiple regression analysis, cardiac events during hospital stay (OR: 11.22), presence of Porto-systemic encephalopathy (OR: 3.79), and elevated bilirubin levels at the time of presentation were found to be independent risk factors for increased six weeks mortality. Moreover, cardiac events during hospital stay (OR: 3.26), Porto-systemic encephalopathy at presentation (OR: 3.06), and octreotide administration (OR: 1.80) were identified as independent risk factors for increased length of hospital stay. Terlipressin and Octreotide have similar outcomes in terms of control of bleeding, hospital stay, mortality, and side effects when used as adjuvant therapy for the management of variceal bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rehman
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S T Rehman
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Zulfiqar
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Awan
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahab Abid
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Tonnerre P, Baumert TF. Unraveling the liver antiviral immunity in functional cure of chronic hepatitis B using scRNAseq. J Hepatol 2024:S0168-8278(24)00200-9. [PMID: 38513812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Tonnerre
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université Paris-Cité, Inserm U976, Team ATIP-Avenir, Paris, France.
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- University of Strasbourg, Inserm, Institute for Translational Medicine and Liver Disease, Inserm UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Service, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), University of Strasbourg, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
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Hutagalung SV, Rattaprasert P, Promptmas C, Moonsom S, Yongkiettrakul S, Thima K, Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr P. Development of nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay for molecular detection of Entamoeba moshkovskii and Entamoeba dispar in stool samples. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6635. [PMID: 38503871 PMCID: PMC10951296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Entamoeba moshkovskii, recently known as a possible pathogenic amoeba, and the non-pathogenic Entamoeba dispar are morphologically indistinguishable by microscopy. Although PCR was used for differential diagnosis, gel electrophoresis is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and exposed to hazardous elements. In this study, nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) was developed to detect E. moshkovskii and E. dispar by post-PCR amplicon analysis. E. moshkovskii primers were labeled with digoxigenin and biotin whereas primers of E. dispar were lebeled with FITC and digoxigenin. The gold nanoparticles were labeled with antibodies corresponding to particular labeling. Based on the established assay, NALFIA could detect as low as 975 fg of E. moshkovskii target DNA (982 parasites or 196 parasites/microliter), and 487.5 fg of E. dispar target DNA (444 parasites or 89 parasites/microliter) without cross-reactivity to other tested intestinal organisms. After testing 91 stool samples, NALFIA was able to detect seven E. moshkovskii (87.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity) and eight E. dispar samples (66.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity) compared to real-time PCR. Interestingly, it detected three mixed infections as real-time PCR. Therefore, it can be a rapid, safe, and effective method for the detection of the emerging pathogens E. moshkovskii and E. dispar in stool samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunna Vyatra Hutagalung
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Pongruj Rattaprasert
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Chamras Promptmas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Saengduen Moonsom
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Kanthinich Thima
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Cai C, Shang WX, Lin EH, Jiang YC, Chen H, Xu K, Chen L, Chen RC, Cai YJ, Lin J, Cai TC, Lin XL, Zhang L, Yang NB, Zhang HF, Lu MQ. High normal alanine aminotransferase is an indicator for better response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1367265. [PMID: 38550589 PMCID: PMC10973120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1367265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence shows people living with CHB even with a normal ALT (40U/L as threshold) suffer histological disease and there is still little research to evaluate the potential benefit of antiviral benefits in them. Methods We retrospectively examined 1352 patients who underwent liver biopsy from 2017 to 2021 and then obtained their 1-year follow-up data to analyze. Results ALT levels were categorized into high and low, with thresholds set at >29 for males and >15 for females through Youden's Index. The high normal ALT group showed significant histological disease at baseline (56.43% vs 43.82%, p< 0.001), and better HBV DNA clearance from treatment using PSM (p=0.005). Similar results were obtained using 2016 AASLD high normals (male >30, female >19). Further multivariate logistic analysis showed that high normal ALT (both criterias) was an independent predictor of treatment (OR 1.993, 95% CI 1.115-3.560, p=0.020; OR 2.000, 95% CI 1.055-3.793, p=0.034) Both of the models had higher AUC compared with current scoring system, and there was no obvious difference between the two models (AUC:0.8840 vs 0.8835). Conclusion Male >30 or female >19 and Male >29 or female>15 are suggested to be better thresholds for normal ALT. Having a high normal ALT in CHB provides a potential benefit in antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Shang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - En-Hua Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Chun Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Information Technology (IT), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui-Cong Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Jing Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ji Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Key Clinical Specialty (General Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital Of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting-Chen Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiu-Li Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nai-Bin Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-Fang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming-Qin Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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227
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Tian F, Forouzannia F, Feng Z, Biondi MJ, Mendlowitz AB, Feld JJ, Sander B, Wong WWL. Feasibility of hepatitis C elimination by screening and treatment alone in high-income countries. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00748. [PMID: 38478751 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite the availability of highly effective direct-acting antiviral therapy, chronic hepatitis C (CHC) continues to cause a major public health burden. In many high-income countries, treatment rates have been declining, which was exacerbated by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, threatening the ability to meet the World Health Organization (WHO)'s targets for eliminating HCV as a public health threat by 2030. We sought to model the impact of CHC in Canada, a resource-rich country with ongoing immigration from HCV-endemic regions; which relies exclusively on risk-based screening for case identification. APPROACH AND RESULTS We developed an agent-based model to characterize the HCV epidemic in a high-income country with ongoing immigration. Combinations of prevention such as harm reduction, screening, and treatment strategies were considered. Model parameters were estimated from the literature and calibrated against historical HCV data. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess uncertainty. Under the current status quo of risk-based screening, we predict the incidence of CHC-induced decompensated cirrhosis, HCC, and liver-related deaths would decrease by 79.4%, 76.1%, and 62.1%, respectively, between 2015 and 2030, but CHC incidence would only decrease by 11.1%. The results were sensitive to HCV transmission rate and an annual number of people initiating treatment. CONCLUSIONS Current risk-based screening, and subsequent treatment, will be inadequate to achieve WHO goals. With extensive scale-up in screening, and treatment, the mortality target may be achievable, but the target for preventing new CHC cases is unlikely reachable, highlighting the importance of developing enhanced harm-reduction strategies for HCV elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tian
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Zeny Feng
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mia J Biondi
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- School of Nursing, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew B Mendlowitz
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative (THETA), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan J Feld
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Beate Sander
- Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative (THETA), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William W L Wong
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative (THETA), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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228
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Huang XX, Lin Q, Li Y, Li L. Effects of Maternal Health During Pregnancy and Child Immunization on Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus: A Multicentre, Large-Sample Study in Southeast China. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:989-1001. [PMID: 38505249 PMCID: PMC10949338 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s443172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose High hepatitis B infection rates in China are a major public health issue, and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is a significant risk factor. Patients and Methods This study was conducted with a prospective multicentre design from January 2021 to December 2022 in 245 hospitals providing midwifery services in southeastern China. The participants were pregnant women who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) and their children. The HBs Ag concentration was tested in children aged 8-12 months. The odds ratio for each risk factor was calculated by logistic regression analysis, and the decision tree model was used. Results A total of 5369 children born to hepatitis B-infected mothers between 8 and 12 months of age were enrolled, among whom 81 (1.51%) were positive for HBsAg. The risk factors for hepatitis B infection in 5369 children under one-year-old were a high intrauterine hepatitis B exposure level, a history of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) delay beyond 12 hours after birth, and lack of full hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), with risks of 3.356 (1.223~9.209), 5.691 (1.931~16.773), and 5.137 (2.265~11.650), respectively. The discrimination accuracy of the decision tree was 98.5%. The risk factors for hepatitis B infection in 4542 children under one year old with high exposure risk were nonstandard treatment by the mother during pregnancy, HBIG delay beyond 12 hours after birth, and no complete HepB administration, with risks of 2.925 (1.063-8.047), 5.354 (1.806-15.871) and 5.147 (2.258-11.733), respectively. The discrimination accuracy of the decision tree was 98.3%. Conclusion To prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B, it is necessary to standardize the treatment of pregnant women with a high exposure risk of hepatitis B, implement combined vaccination within 12 hours of birth, and standardise the full course of HepB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Huang
- The Ministry of Health, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
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229
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Thanapirom K, Treeprasertsuk S, Choudhury A, Verma N, Dhiman RK, Al Mahtab M, Devarbhavi H, Shukla A, Hamid SS, Jafri W, Tan SS, Lee GH, Ghazinyan H, Sood A, Kim DJ, Eapen CE, Tao H, Yuemin N, Dokmeci AK, Sahu M, Arora A, Kumar A, Kumar R, Prasad VGM, Shresta A, Sollano J, Payawal DA, Lau G, Sarin SK. Ammonia is associated with liver-related complications and predicts mortality in acute-on-chronic liver failure patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5796. [PMID: 38461166 PMCID: PMC10924893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56401-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between ammonia and liver-related complications (LRCs) in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients is not clearly established. This study aimed to evaluate the association between ammonia levels and LRCs in patients with ACLF. The study also evaluated the ability of ammonia in predicting mortality and progression of LRCs. The study prospectively recruited ACLF patients based on the APASL definition from the ACLF Research Consortium (AARC) from 2009 to 2019. LRCs were a composite endpoint of bacterial infection, overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and ascites. A total of 3871 cases were screened. Of these, 701 ACLF patients were enrolled. Patients with LRCs had significantly higher ammonia levels than those without. Ammonia was significantly higher in patients with overt HE and ascites, but not in those with bacterial infection. Multivariate analysis found that ammonia was associated with LRCs. Additionally, baseline arterial ammonia was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality, but it was not associated with the development of new LRCs within 30 days. In summary, baseline arterial ammonia levels are associated with 30-day mortality and LRCs, mainly overt HE and ascites in ACLF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kessarin Thanapirom
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Hepatic Fibrosis and Cirrhosis, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Sombat Treeprasertsuk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ashok Choudhury
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nipun Verma
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Radha Krishan Dhiman
- Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mamun Al Mahtab
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Akash Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Sion, Mumbai, India
| | - Saeed Sadiq Hamid
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Jafri
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Soek Siam Tan
- Department of Hepatology, Hospital Selayang, Bata Caves, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Guan H Lee
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hasmik Ghazinyan
- Department of Hepatology, Nork Clinical Hospital of Infectious Disease, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ajit Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology, DMC, Ludhiana, India
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C E Eapen
- Department of Hepatology, CMC, Vellore, India
| | - Han Tao
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Nan Yuemin
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - A Kadir Dokmeci
- Department of Medicine, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Manoj Sahu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences, IMS and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anil Arora
- Institute of Liver Gastroenterology and Pancreatico Biliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Institute of Liver Gastroenterology and Pancreatico Biliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | | | - Ananta Shresta
- Department of Hepatology, Alka Hospital Pvt Ltd, Jawalakhel, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Jose Sollano
- Department of Medicine, Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - George Lau
- Department of Medicine, Humanity, and Health Medical Group, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Choi WM, Kim GA, Choi J, Choi GH, Lee YB, Sinn DH, Lim YS. Non-linear association of baseline viral load with on-treatment hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic hepatitis B. Gut 2024; 73:649-658. [PMID: 37813567 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between baseline pretreatment serum HBV DNA levels and on-treatment hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk remains controversial in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We aimed to investigate the association between baseline HBV viral load and on-treatment HCC risk in CHB patients without cirrhosis. DESIGN Using a multicentre historical cohort study including 4693 hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative and HBeAg-positive, adult CHB patients without cirrhosis who initiated antiviral treatment, HCC risk was estimated by baseline HBV viral load as a categorical variable. RESULTS During a median of 7.6 years of antiviral treatment, 193 patients developed HCC (0.53 per 100 person- years). Baseline HBV DNA level was independently associated with on-treatment HCC risk in a non-linear, parabolic pattern. Patients with moderate baseline viral loads (5.00-7.99 log10 IU/mL) exhibited the highest HCC risk (HR, 2.60; p<0.001), followed by those with low viral loads (3.30-4.99 log10 IU/mL; HR, 1.66; p=0.11). Patients with high viral loads (≥8.00 log10 IU/mL) presented the lowest HCC risk. Particularly, patients with baseline HBV DNA levels 6.00-6.99 log10 IU/mL had the highest on-treatment HCC risk (HR, 3.36; p<0.001) compared with those with baseline HBV DNA levels≥8.00 log10 IU/mL. These findings were more prominent among HBeAg-positive patients, younger patients, or those with less advanced hepatic fibrosis. CONCLUSION Patients with moderate baseline viral load, particularly around 6 log10 IU/mL, demonstrated the highest on-treatment HCC risk, despite long-term antiviral treatment. Early initiation of antiviral treatment, tailored to viral load, should be considered to minimise HCC risk in adult CHB patients without cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Mook Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gi-Ae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jonggi Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gwang Hyeon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Yun Bin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sinn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Ali RA, Awadalla EA, Amin YA, Fouad SS, Ahmed MAEB, Hassan MH, Abdel-Kahaar E, Abdel-Aziz RH. The deleterious effects of sofosbuvir and ribavirin (antiviral drugs against hepatitis C virus) on different body systems in male albino rats regarding reproductive, hematological, biochemical, hepatic, and renal profiles and histopathological changes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5682. [PMID: 38453980 PMCID: PMC10920821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55950-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sofosbuvir is one of the crucial drugs used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) in adults and children with compensated liver disease, including cirrhosis. It may be used alone or with other drugs. Ribavirin is an antiviral medication used to treat HCV infection. It is not effective when used alone and must be used in combination with other medications, such as sofosbuvir. This study pertains to a comprehensive assessment of the deleterious effects of sofosbuvir (an antiviral drug against chronic HCV) or sofosbuvir combined with ribavirin (an antiviral drug against RNA and DNA viruses) on several biological activities of the body, including hematological, hormonal, biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations during a long-standing period on male healthy rats. In addition, fertility assessments were performed, including sperm collections and semen parameter investigations. This study was conducted on 21 male rats divided into three equal groups. Group I (control group) received distilled water; group II (sofosbuvir group) received sofosbuvir (4 mg/kg); and group III (sofosbuvir + ribavirin) received sofosbuvir (4 mg/kg) plus ribavirin (30 ml/kg). All groups received the specific drug for six months. Blood and tissue samples were collected for hematological, hormonal, biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations. In addition, sperm collection and assessments of semen parameters were performed. Results revealed that sofosbuvir causes a highly significant decrease in the mean of most hematological, immunological, hormonal, and biochemical parameters, except for a few numbers of parameters such as neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, cortisol, GOT, and lipase, which exhibit a significant increase. The same occurred in the sofosbuvir + ribavirin group, but at much higher levels, as most hematological, immunological, hormonal, and biochemical parameters exhibit a highly significant decrease except for monocytes, triglyceride, and lipase, which exhibit a significant increase. When compared to the sofosbuvir group alone, the sofosbuvir + ribavirin group demonstrated a highly significant decline in the mean of most hematological, immunological, hormonal, and biochemical parameters except lymphocytes and triglycerides, which exhibit a substantial increase. For the reproductive parameters, both groups exhibit a significant decrease in the total sperm motility percentage. Finally, it can be concluded that sofosbuvir causes acute pancreatitis and combined immunodeficiency. Ribavirin is associated with hormonal deficiency, which indicates the occurrence of hypopituitarism. Moreover, sofosbuvir and ribavirin synergistically affect myelosuppression and cause iron-deficiency anemia. However, sofosbuvir, or its combination with ribavirin, is associated with a reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Besides, adding ribavirin to be combined with sofosbuvir improved the immunodeficiency caused by sofosbuvir; this confirms that using ribavirin with sofosbuvir reduces the side effects of both alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana A Ali
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | | | - Yahia A Amin
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
| | - Samer S Fouad
- Qena University Hospital, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed H Hassan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Emaad Abdel-Kahaar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rehab H Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Cao L, An Y, Liu H, Jiang J, Liu W, Zhou Y, Shi M, Dai W, Lv Y, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Chen L, Xia Y. Global epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2024; 22:101. [PMID: 38448943 PMCID: PMC10919055 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) shares common pathophysiological mechanisms with type 2 diabetes, making them significant risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to assess the epidemiological feature of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD at global levels. METHODS Published studies were searched for terms that included type 2 diabetes, and NAFLD or MAFLD using PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases from their inception to December 2022. The pooled global and regional prevalence and incidence density of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD were evaluated using random-effects meta-analysis. Potential sources of heterogeneity were investigated using stratified meta-analysis and meta-regression. RESULTS A total of 395 studies (6,878,568 participants with NAFLD; 1,172,637 participants with MAFLD) from 40 countries or areas were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of type 2 diabetes among NAFLD or MAFLD patients was 28.3% (95% confidence interval 25.2-31.6%) and 26.2% (23.9-28.6%) globally. The incidence density of type 2 diabetes in NAFLD or MAFLD patients was 24.6 per 1000-person year (20.7 to 29.2) and 26.9 per 1000-person year (7.3 to 44.4), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study describes the global prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD. The study findings serve as a valuable resource to assess the global clinical and economic impact of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Cao
- The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu An
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research On Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinguo Jiang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research On Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research On Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research On Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengyuan Shi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research On Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research On Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanling Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research On Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research On Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
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Mestareehi A, Abu-Farsakh N. Impact of Protein Phosphatase Expressions on the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10299-10331. [PMID: 38463290 PMCID: PMC10918787 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The study was conducted to unveil the significance of protein phosphatases in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and its related molecular biological attributes as well as to discover novel potential biomarkers for therapeutic significance and diagnostic purposes that may benefit clinical practice. Analyzing a data set from 159 HCC patients using high-throughput phosphoproteomics, we examined the dysregulated expression of protein phosphatases. Employing bioinformatic and pathway analyses, we explored differentially expressed genes linked to protein phosphatases. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins database. We quantified a total of 11,547 phosphorylation sites associated with 4043 phosphoproteins from HCC patients. Within this data set, we identified 105 identified phosphorylation sites associated with protein phosphatases; 28 genes were upregulated and 3 were downregulated in HCC. Enriched pathways using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis encompassed oocyte meiosis, proteoglycans in cancer, the oxytocin signaling pathway, the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, the vascular smooth muscle, and the cAMP signaling pathway. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis highlighted pathways like mitogen-activated protein kinase, AMPK, and PI3K-Akt, indicating potential involvement in HCC progression. Notably, the PPI network identified hub genes, emphasizing their interconnections and potential roles in HCC. In our study, we found significantly upregulated levels of CDC25C, PPP1R13L, and PPP1CA, which emerge as promising avenues. This significant expression could serve as potent diagnostic and prognostic markers to enhance the effectiveness of HCC cancer treatment, offering efficiency and accuracy in patient assessment. The findings regarding protein phosphatases reveal their elevated expression in HCC, correlating with unfavorable prognosis. Moreover, the outcomes of gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses suggest that protein phosphatases may influence liver cancer by engaging diverse targets and pathways, ultimately fostering the progression of HCC. These results underscore the substantial potential of protein phosphatases as key contributors to HCC's development and advancement. This insight holds promise for identifying therapeutic targets and charting research avenues to enhance the comprehension of the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aktham Mestareehi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, P.O. Box 22, Amman 11622, Jordan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- School
of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Noor Abu-Farsakh
- Department
of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Internal Medicine Department, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
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234
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Hassan HM, Liang X, Xin J, Lu Y, Cai Q, Shi D, Ren K, Li J, Chen Q, Li J, Li P, Guo B, Yang H, Luo J, Yao H, Zhou X, Hu W, Jiang J, Li J. Thrombospondin 1 enhances systemic inflammation and disease severity in acute-on-chronic liver failure. BMC Med 2024; 22:95. [PMID: 38439091 PMCID: PMC10913480 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key role of thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) in the pathogenesis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is unclear. Here, we present a transcriptome approach to evaluate THBS1 as a potential biomarker in ACLF disease pathogenesis. METHODS Biobanked peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 330 subjects with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related etiologies, including HBV-ACLF, liver cirrhosis (LC), and chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and normal controls (NC) randomly selected from the Chinese Group on the Study of Severe Hepatitis B (COSSH) prospective multicenter cohort underwent transcriptome analyses (ACLF = 20; LC = 10; CHB = 10; NC = 15); the findings were externally validated in participants from COSSH cohort, an ACLF rat model and hepatocyte-specific THBS1 knockout mice. RESULTS THBS1 was the top significantly differentially expressed gene in the PBMC transcriptome, with the most significant upregulation in ACLF, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ACLF = 110; LC = 60; CHB = 60; NC = 45) was used to verify that THBS1 expression corresponded to ACLF disease severity outcome, including inflammation and hepatocellular apoptosis. THBS1 showed good predictive ability for ACLF short-term mortality, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.8438 and 0.7778 at 28 and 90 days, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay validation of the plasma THBS1 using an expanded COSSH cohort subjects (ACLF = 198; LC = 50; CHB = 50; NC = 50) showed significant correlation between THBS1 with ALT and γ-GT (P = 0.01), and offered a similarly good prognostication predictive ability (AUROC = 0.7445 and 0.7175) at 28 and 90 days, respectively. ACLF patients with high-risk short-term mortality were identified based on plasma THBS1 optimal cut-off value (< 28 µg/ml). External validation in ACLF rat serum and livers confirmed the functional association between THBS1, the immune response and hepatocellular apoptosis. Hepatocyte-specific THBS1 knockout improved mouse survival, significantly repressed major inflammatory cytokines, enhanced the expression of several anti-inflammatory mediators and impeded hepatocellular apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS THBS1 might be an ACLF disease development-related biomarker, promoting inflammatory responses and hepatocellular apoptosis, that could provide clinicians with a new molecular target for improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hozeifa Mohamed Hassan
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xi Liang
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yingyan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qun Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dongyan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Keke Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Beibei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jinjin Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Heng Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xingping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Wen Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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235
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Lacy BE, Delfini R, Fladung B, Lange R. Prevalence and patterns of laxative use in subjects with self-reported constipation: results from a multinational digestive health survey. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2024; 17:17562848241232605. [PMID: 38445248 PMCID: PMC10913501 DOI: 10.1177/17562848241232605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Constipation is characterized by symptoms of straining, hard stool, difficult evacuation, and infrequent bowel movements. Online surveys provide valuable information about patients' perspectives, symptoms, management, treatment satisfaction, and risk factors. Methods This survey explored subject experiences involving 20 gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. In total, 20,099 respondents in seven countries with varied cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds participated. Post hoc analysis of 'self-reported constipation' and related symptoms experienced within the past 6 months and the last episode of constipation provided data on prevalence, demographics, frequency and duration of episodes and related symptoms, impact on quality of life (QoL), management with or without laxatives, and resulting treatment satisfaction. Results In total, 10,425 subjects reported constipation within 6 months and 2637 at the last episode. Prevalence was highest in females and younger adults. Most subjects reported various coexisting GI symptoms. Almost 80% of 6865 episodes reported by 5337 subjects occurred every 2-3 months to every 2-3 weeks. A higher frequency of constipation correlated with a greater impact on QoL. On a 10-point scale, the mean impact was 6.4. More than 90% of respondents had episodes ranging from 1 day to 1 week. More than 90% took action; 16% used laxatives, of whom 80.3% were satisfied. Conclusion Constipation, a highly prevalent disorder, spans cultures and socioeconomic classes. Its chronic recurrence has a significant impact on QoL, resulting in symptom self-management in >90% of subjects. Significantly higher satisfaction rates in subjects treated with than without laxatives reflect subjects' reports that self-reported constipation can be treated effectively with laxatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E. Lacy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Bernward Fladung
- Freelance Medical Advisor, Linnich, Germany
- Régis Delfini is currently affiliated to Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Robert Lange
- Industriepark Hoechst, Building K 607, 65929 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Tai WC, Wu IT, Wang HM, Huang PY, Yao CC, Wu CK, Yang SC, Liang CM, Hsu PI, Chuah SK. The multicenter real-world report of the efficacies of 14-day esomeprazole-based and rabeprazole-based high-dose dual therapy in first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication in Taiwan. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2024:S1684-1182(24)00046-X. [PMID: 38461114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-dose dual therapy (HDDT) using proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) and amoxicillin attracted attention for its simplicity and lower adverse event profile. Besides, vonoprazan is not available worldwide. This real-world study aims to compare the efficacy of esomeprazole-based and rabeprazole-based HDDT regimens and to identify clinical factors influencing outcomes. METHODS A retrospective study enrolled 346 Helicobacter pylori-infected naïve patients from January 2016 to August 2023. Patients were assigned to either a 14-day esomeprazole-based HDDT (EA-14; esomeprazole 40 mg t.i.d. and amoxicillin 750 mg q.i.d. for 14 days, n = 173) or a 14-day rabeprazole-based HDDT (RA-14; rabeprazole 20 mg and amoxicillin 750 mg q.i.d. for 14 days, n = 173). RESULTS Five patients from the EA-14 group and 10 from the RA-14 group were lost to follow-up, resulting in 168 and 163 patients for the per-protocol (PP) analysis, respectively. Eradication rates for the EA-14 and RA-14 groups were 90.2% and 80.9% (P = 0.014) in intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis; and 92.9% and 85.9% (P = 0.039) in PP analysis. Adverse event rates were similar between the two groups (11.9% vs 11.7%, P = 0.944). In multiple logistic regression analysis, age≧60 was associated with eradication failure (P = 0.046) and a trend of significance for smoking (P = 0.060) in the EA-14 group but not in the RA-14 group. A trend of significance was also observed for eradication regimens (EA-14 vs RA-14) (P = 0.071). The antibiotic resistance rates were amoxicillin (2.3%), clarithromycin (14.7%), metronidazole (40.3%), and dual resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole (7.0%). CONCLUSIONS Esomeprazole-based HDDT achieved over 90% eradication rates but rabeprazole-based HDDT, which failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Tai
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ming Wang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yuan Huang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Yao
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kun Wu
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Cheng Yang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Liang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-I Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Seng-Kee Chuah
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
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Liang Y, Zhong D, Zhang Z, Su Y, Yan S, Lai C, Yao Y, Shi Y, Huang X, Shang J. Impact of preoperative antiviral therapy on the prognosis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:291. [PMID: 38438842 PMCID: PMC10913258 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection patients, increasing evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of expanding the indications and applicable population for antiviral therapy. However, the expanded indication of antiviral therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be further explored. METHODS 196 HBV-related HCC patients who received radical hepatectomy and nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) therapy at Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital were enrolled in this study. HCC recurrence, overall survival (OS), early virological (VR) and biochemical responses (BR) of patients were compared between different NAs therapy and the use of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy. RESULTS NAs therapy at different timing of surgery was a strong independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence and overall mortality of HBV-related HCC patients. Furthermore, in HCC patients who received postoperative anti-PD-1 therapy, patients with HBV DNA < 1000 copy/mL had significantly better recurrence-free survival (RFS) and OS than those with HBV DNA ≥ 1000 copy/mL (HR: 7.783; P = 0.002; HR: 6.699; P < 0.001). However, the differences of RFS and OS rates between entecavir group and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate group were not statistically significant. Similar results were also observed in the rates of early VR, BR and combined VR and BR. CONCLUSION Timely and reasonable preoperative NAs therapy showed clinical benefit in improving the prognosis of patients with HBV-related HCC, even in the case of normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and negative hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg). Furthermore, a possible synergistic effect between antiviral therapy and anti-PD-1 therapy was founded and need further verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Liang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Organ Transplant Research Institute, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Deyuan Zhong
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Organ Transplant Research Institute, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic and Hernia Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430033, China
| | - Yuhao Su
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Su Yan
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Chunyou Lai
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Organ Transplant Research Institute, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yutong Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Organ Transplant Research Institute, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Organ Transplant Research Institute, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Xiaolun Huang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Organ Transplant Research Institute, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Jin Shang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Organ Transplant Research Institute, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Abbott J, Aldhouse NVJ, Kitchen H, Pegram HC, Brown F, Macartney M, Villasis-Keever A, Sbarigia U, Ito T, Chan EKH, Kennedy PT. A conceptual model for chronic hepatitis B and content validity of the Hepatitis B Quality of Life (HBQOL) instrument. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2024; 8:29. [PMID: 38436804 PMCID: PMC10912061 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-023-00675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increased emphasis on incorporating patient perspectives and patient-relevant endpoints in drug development. We developed a conceptual model of the impact of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) on patients' lives and evaluated the content validity of the Hepatitis B Quality of Life (HBQOL) instrument, a patient-reported outcome tool for use in clinical studies, as a patient-relevant endpoint to measure health-related quality of life in patients with CHB. METHODS A literature review of qualitative studies of patient experience with CHB and concept elicitation telephone interviews with patients with CHB in the United Kingdom were used to develop a conceptual model of the experience and impact of living with CHB. The content validity of the HBQOL was evaluated using cognitive debriefing techniques. RESULTS The qualitative literature review (N = 43 publications) showed that patients with CHB experience emotional/psychological impacts. During concept elicitation interviews (N = 24), fatigue was the most commonly reported symptom, and most participants were worried/anxious about virus transmission and disease progression/death. A conceptual model of patients' experiences with CHB was developed. The conceptual relevance and comprehensibility of the HBQOL were supported, though limitations, including the lack of a self-stigma item and recall period, were noted for future improvement. CONCLUSIONS The conceptual model shows that patients with CHB experience emotional/psychological impacts that affect their lifestyles, relationships, and work/schooling. The cognitive debriefing interviews support the content validity of the HBQOL as a conceptually relevant patient-reported outcome measure of health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Abbott
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tetsuro Ito
- Janssen Health Economics & Market Access EMEA, High Wycombe, UK
| | | | - Patrick T Kennedy
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London, E1 2AT, UK.
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239
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Lee C, Rao S, Cabral HJ, Weber HC. Co-Morbidities of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1482. [PMID: 38592303 PMCID: PMC10934174 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), and associated co-morbidities worsen quality of life. Research concerning IBS co-morbidities in different racial/ethnic groups is very sparse. This study aimed to determine the prevalence rates of co-morbidities and possible differences in a multiracial/ethnic IBS cohort. Methods: Based on ICD-9-coded IBS diagnosis, 740 outpatients (≥18 years) were included in this retrospective study at Boston Medical Center. Demographics and ICD-9-coded co-morbidities were extracted from electronic records. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were used for data analyses. Results: The most prevalent co-morbidities in this IBS cohort included gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) (30%), depression (27%), anxiety (23%), (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) COPD/asthma (16%), and obesity (10%). GERD was more prevalent in Hispanics and Blacks (p = 0.0005), and non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) was more prevalent in Blacks and Asians (p = 0.003). Higher rates of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) (p = 0.0003) and depression (p = 0.03), but not anxiety (p = 0.9), were present in Blacks and Hispanics. GERD was significantly associated with Hispanics (p = 0.003), dependent on age, overweight, and obesity. NUD was significantly associated with Blacks (p = 0.01) and Asians (p = 0.006), independent of sex, age, and BMI. Cancer of the thyroid, ovaries, and testis occurred at a five-fold higher rate than expected. Conclusions: Significant racial/ethnic differences exist for IBS co-morbidities in this study cohort, including depression, DMT2, GERD, and NUD. Certain cancers were found to be more frequent in this IBS sample as compared with the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lee
- Hospital Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Supriya Rao
- Integrated Gastroenterology Consultants, Lawrence, MA 01841, USA;
| | - Howard J. Cabral
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Horst Christian Weber
- Section of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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240
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Kang NL, Wu LY, Zheng Q, Yu XP, Hu AR, Guo Y, Li H, Ye XY, Ruan QF, Lu ZH, Wu L, Jin W, Liu YR, Pan C, Liu SS, Zhang JM, Jiang JJ, Zeng DW. Determining optimal ALT cut-off values for predicting significant hepatic histological changes in patients with normal ALT in the grey zone of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:692-704. [PMID: 38178641 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aimed to define gender-specific, optimal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) cut-off values for the prediction of significant liver histological changes (SLHC) in Chinese patients with grey zone (GZ) chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and normal ALT. METHODS In a retrospective study, we included 1101 consecutive patients with GZ CHB and normal ALT assigned to training or internal validation cohorts. We included an independent cohort of 842 patients for external validation. We performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, smoothed curve fitting, and threshold effect analyses to determine optimal ALT cut-off values. Area under the curve (AUC) values were calculated to assess their predictive performance. RESULTS A proportion of 79.3% of patients with GZ CHB and normal ALT (≤40 U/L) had SLHC. ROC curve analysis initially identified optimal ALT cut-off values of 29 U/L (male) and 22 U/L (female). After smoothed curve fitting and threshold effect analyses, new optimal cut-off values were 27 U/L for males and 24 U/L for females. AUCs for these values were 0.836 (male) and 0.833 (female) in the internal validation cohort, and 0.849 (male) and 0.844 (female) in the external validation cohort. The accuracy and discriminative ability of the newly defined ALT cut-off values were greater than those of the current recommendations. CONCLUSION This study established novel optimal ALT cut-off values for more precise prediction of SLHC among Chinese patients with GZ CHB and normal ALT levels. This may help identify individuals who will benefit from timely antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ling Kang
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Hepatopathy and Intestinal Diseases of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Hepatology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu-Ying Wu
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Hepatopathy and Intestinal Diseases of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Hepatopathy and Intestinal Diseases of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Hepatology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xue-Ping Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ai-Rong Hu
- Ningbo Institute of Liver Diseases, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujian Geriatric Hospital, Fujian Provincial Hospital North Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Ye
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian College, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Qing-Fa Ruan
- Hepatology Center, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Lu
- Department of Liver Disease, Wuxi No.5 People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Department of Hepatology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital; Xiamen Quality Control Center of Infectious Diseases, Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Rui Liu
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Hepatopathy and Intestinal Diseases of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Hepatology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Pan
- Hepatology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shan-Shan Liu
- Department of Liver Disease, Wuxi No.5 People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ji-Ming Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ji Jiang
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Hepatopathy and Intestinal Diseases of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Hepatology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Da-Wu Zeng
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Hepatopathy and Intestinal Diseases of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Hepatology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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241
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Zhang Y, Wu D, Tian X, Chen B. From hepatitis B virus infection to acute-on-chronic liver failure: The dynamic role of hepatic macrophages. Scand J Immunol 2024; 99:e13349. [PMID: 38441398 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a progressive disease that is associated with rapid worsening of clinical symptoms and high mortality. A multicentre prospective study from China demonstrated that patients with hepatitis B virus-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF) exhibited worse clinical characteristics and higher mortality rates compared to non-HBV-ACLF patients. Immune dysregulation is closely linked to the potential mechanisms of initiation and progression of ACLF. Innate immune response, which is represented by monocytes/macrophages, is up-regulated across ACLF development. This suggests that monocytes/macrophages play an essential role in maintaining the immune homeostasis of ACLF. Information that has been published in recent years shows that the immune status and function of monocytes/macrophages vary in ACLF precipitated by different chronic liver diseases. Monocytes/macrophages have an immune activation effect in hepatitis B-precipitated-ACLF, but they exhibit an immune suppression in cirrhosis-precipitated-ACLF. Therefore, this review aims to explain whether this difference affects the clinical outcome in HBV-ACLF patients as well as the mechanisms involved. We summarize the novel findings that highlight the dynamic polarization phenotype and functional status of hepatic macrophages from the stage of HBV infection to ACLF development. Moreover, we discuss how different HBV-related liver disease tissue microenvironments affect the phenotype and function of hepatic macrophages. In summary, increasing developments in understanding the differences in immune phenotype and functional status of hepatic macrophages in ACLF patients will provide new perspectives towards the effective restoration of ACLF immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dongsheng Wu
- Department of Anorectal Surgical, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoling Tian
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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242
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Chau A, Yeh ML, Tsai PC, Huang DQ, Kim SE, Trinh H, Yoon EL, Oh H, Jeong JY, Ahn SB, An J, Tseng CH, Hsu YC, Jeong SW, Cho YK, Shim JJ, Kim HS, Ito T, Marciano S, Kawashima K, Suzuki T, Watanabe T, Nozaki A, Ishikawa T, Inoue K, Eguchi Y, Uojima H, Abe H, Takahashi H, Chuma M, Ishigami M, Hoang JK, Maeda M, Huang CF, Gadano A, Dai CY, Huang JF, Tanaka Y, Chuang WL, Lim SG, Cheung R, Yu ML, Jun DW, Nguyen MH. Sex Differences in Treatment Response to Nucleos(t)ide Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multicenter Longitudinal Study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:572-580.e5. [PMID: 37734582 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It is unclear if there may be sex differences in response to nucleos(t)ide analogs including virologic response (VR), biochemical response (BR), complete response (CR), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence among hepatitis B patients. We compared nucleos(t)ide analog treatment outcomes by sex. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 3388 treatment-naïve adult hepatitis B patients (1250 female, 2138 male) from the Real-World Evidence from the Global Alliance for the Study of Hepatitis B Virus consortium who initiated therapy with either entecavir or tenofovir from 22 sites (Argentina, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and the United States). We used propensity-score matching to balance background characteristics of the male and female groups and competing-risks analysis to estimate the incidence and subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs) of VR, BR, CR, and HCC. RESULTS Females (vs males) were older (52.0 vs 48.6 y); less likely to be overweight/obese (49.3% vs 65.7%), diabetic (9.9% vs 13.1%), or cirrhotic (27.9% vs 33.0%); and had a lower HBV DNA level (5.9 vs 6.0 log10 IU/mL) and alanine aminotransferase level (91 vs 102 IU/L) (all P < .01). However, after propensity-score matching, relevant background characteristics were balanced between the 2 groups. Females (vs males) had similar 5-year cumulative VR (91.3% vs 90.3%; P = .40) and HCC incidence rates (5.1% vs 4.4%; P = .64), but lower BR (84.0% vs 90.9%; P < .001) and CR (78.8% vs 83.4%; P = .016). Males were more likely to achieve BR (SHR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.17-1.46; P < .001) and CR (SHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03-1.31; P = .016), but VR and HCC risks were similar. CONCLUSIONS Sex differences exist for treatment outcomes among hepatitis B patients. Male sex was associated with a 16% higher likelihood of clinical remission and a 31% higher likelihood of biochemical response than females, while virologic response and HCC incidence were similar between the 2 groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Chau
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Q Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, China
| | - Huy Trinh
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, California
| | - Eileen L Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihyun An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Cheng-Hao Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Soung Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Takanori Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sebastián Marciano
- Hepatología and Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Keigo Kawashima
- Department of Virology and Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsunamasa Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Akito Nozaki
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaori Inoue
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Eguchi
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan; Locomedical General Institute, Locomedical Eguchi Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Haruki Uojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan; Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Makoto Chuma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Joseph K Hoang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California
| | - Mayumi Maeda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Adrian Gadano
- Hepatología and Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Seng Gee Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramsey Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dae-Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Mindie H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California.
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243
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Fang K, Wang HL, Lin Y, Zheng L, Li S, Wu J. Universal screening and treatment towards the elimination of chronic hepatitis C in China: an economic evaluation. Public Health 2024; 228:186-193. [PMID: 38387115 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES China has the largest number of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the world, but current levels of diagnosis and treatment are low. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of various universal HCV screening and treatment strategies in China and inform decisions on health policy. STUDY DESIGN A cost-effectiveness analytical study. METHODS We developed a Markov model to investigate cost-effectiveness of different HCV screening and treatment strategies in China. We simulated several screening scenarios for Chinese people aged 18-70 years. We estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of different intervention scenarios compared with status quo. RESULTS Expanded HCV screening and treatment strategy with prioritisation for high-risk groups (Scenario S5) was the most cost-effective strategy (ICER: USD $11,667.71/quality-adjusted life-year [QALY] gained), which resulted in great reduction in HCV-related diseases and deaths, with a 67.11% reduction in cases of chronic HCV. Universal HCV screening and treatment implementation remains a cost-effective strategy when delayed until 2025 (ICER: USD $17,093.69/QALY), yet the delayed strategy is less effective in reducing HCV-related deaths. CONCLUSIONS Expanded HCV screening and treatment strategy with prioritisation for high-risk groups is the most cost-effective strategy and has lead to a significant reduction in both HCV morbidity and mortality in China, which would essentially eliminate HCV as a public threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailu Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hong-Liang Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Interventional Treatment Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yushi Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Luyan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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244
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Hasan A, Newaj A, Trisha AD, Hafsa JM, Mohanto NC, Ali N. Assessment of the Relationship Between Liver Enzymes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Study in Bangladeshi Adults. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 7:e00481. [PMID: 38494432 PMCID: PMC10944799 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elevated liver enzyme levels are suggested to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have explored the relationship between liver enzymes and myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to evaluate the potential association of elevated liver enzymes with MI within a population group in Bangladesh. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 348 participants were enrolled, 189 with MI in the CVD group and 159 in the control group. Serum levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT and GGT) and other biochemical parameters were measured using standard methods. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to determine the associations between elevated liver enzymes and CVD. RESULT In the CVD group, 51.6%, 30.9% and 67.7% of individuals had elevated serum AST, ALT and GGT levels, respectively. On the contrary, the control group had 17.0%, 15.1% and 35.2% of individuals with high serum AST, ALT and GGT levels, respectively. Overall, 71.8% of the subjects in the CVD group and 44.7% of the subjects in the control group had at least one or more elevated liver enzymes (p < 0.001). The mean level of all three liver enzymes was significantly higher in the CVD group than in the control group (p < 0.001). In both the CVD and control groups, males had higher levels of liver enzymes than females. In the regression models, the serum levels of AST, ALT and GGT showed a positive and independent association with the prevalence of CVD (p < 0.001). However, GGT showed the strongest association among the three enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a high prevalence of liver enzyme abnormalities in individuals with CVD. Serum levels of AST, ALT and GGT were independently associated with the prevalence of CVD. This suggests that measuring liver enzyme levels could be a useful marker in predicting CVD at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akibul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Ali Newaj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Aporajita Das Trisha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Jaasia Momtahena Hafsa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Nayan Chandra Mohanto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Nurshad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
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Zhang C, An S, Lv R, Li K, Liu H, Li J, Tang Y, Cai Z, Huang T, Long L, Deng W. The dynamic variation position and predominant quasispecies of hepatitis B virus: Novel predictors of early hepatocarcinoma. Virus Res 2024; 341:199317. [PMID: 38242020 PMCID: PMC10831745 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
To find the predictors of early HCC based on the dynamic changes of HBV quasispecies, this study utilizing the second-generation sequencing (NGS) and high-order multiplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technology to examine the HBV quasispecies in serum of total 247 subjects recruited from high-incidence area of HCC. In the discovery stage, 15 non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) with higher variant proportion in HCC case group were founded (all P<0.05). Furthermore, the variant proportions in some of these SNPs were observed changing regularly within 5 years before the onset of HCC, and 5 of them located in HBX, 2 in HBS and 2 in HBC. The HBV predominant quasispecies and their consensus sequences were identified by genetic evolution analysis, in which the high HBS and HBC quasispecies heterogeneity were found associated with the forming of multifarious quasispecies clones, and the HBX gene had the highest proportion of predominant quasispecies (46.7 % in HBX vs 12.7 % and 13.8 % in HBS and HBC respectively) with the key variations (G1512A, A1630G, T1753C/G/A, A1762T and G1764A) determined. In the validation stage, we confirmed that the combined double mutations of G1512A+A1630G, A1762T+G1764A, and the combined triple mutations of T1753C/G/A + A1762T+G1764A, all expressed higher in early HCC cases when comparing with control group (all P<0.05). We also demonstrated the advantages of ddPCR using in multi-variations detection in large-sample for early HCC surveillance and screening. So we think that the dynamic of key HBV variation positions and their different combinations determined by quasispecies anlysis in this study can act as the novel predictors of early hepatocarcinoma and suitable to popularize and apply in HCC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojun Zhang
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sanchun An
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruibo Lv
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kezhi Li
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Jilin Li
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Yanping Tang
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Zhengmin Cai
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Tianren Huang
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China.
| | - Long Long
- Big data College of Nanning normal University, Nanning, Guangxi 530100, China.
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China.
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246
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Vu QV, Le TV, Le HT, Nguyen AHN, Nguyen DT. Adult-to-adult right lobe graft living donor liver transplantation for acute-on-chronic liver failure: a single-centre retrospective study in Vietnam. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1261-1267. [PMID: 38463078 PMCID: PMC10923391 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) has a high mortality rate, and liver transplantation is considered a definite treatment for patients with this condition. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in ACLF patients in a single centre in a lower middle-income country, Vietnam. Materials and methods This was a retrospective study at the 108 Military Central Hospital (Hanoi, Vietnam), enroling 51 patients diagnosed with ACLF based on Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) criteria who underwent LDLT with a right lobe graft from December 2019 to December 2022. The authors utilize the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and APASL ACLF Research Consortium (AARC) scores to evaluate and stratify the severity of ACLF. Results The average age of all patients was 47.27±13.61, with 88.24% being male. The average BMI was 22.78±2.61. The most common underlying liver disease was chronic viral hepatitis B (88.2%). The average MELD score of the patients was 34.90±5.61, with 33.3% having MELD score greater than or equal to 40. In terms of ACLF severity, five patients (9.8%) had grade I ACLF, 35 patients (68.6%) had grade II ACLF, and 11 patients (21.6%) had grade III ACLF. The average AARC score was 9.43±1.68. The duration of treatment in the ICU was 8.59±7.27 days, and the length of hospital stay was 28.02±13.45 days. The most common post-transplant complication was biliary complication (19.61%). Death occurred in 7 patients (13.7%). The survival rates at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years were 84%, 81.7%, and 81.7%, respectively. Conclusion Living donor liver transplantation for ACLF patients is safe and has a high post-transplant survival rate. Multidisciplinary care before, during, and after surgery, and the decision to do a liver transplant early, is essential in saving the lives of ACLF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang V. Vu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Digestive Surgery, 108 Military Central Hospital
| | - Thanh V. Le
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Digestive Surgery, 108 Military Central Hospital
| | - Hieu T. Le
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Digestive Surgery, 108 Military Central Hospital
| | - Anh H N. Nguyen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Digestive Surgery, 108 Military Central Hospital
| | - Duy T. Nguyen
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
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247
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Xu M, Chen Y, Artru F. Acute decompensation of cirrhosis versus acute-on-chronic liver failure: What are the clinical implications? United European Gastroenterol J 2024; 12:194-202. [PMID: 38376886 PMCID: PMC10954432 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
It is essential to identify the subgroup of patients who experience poorer outcomes in order to adapt clinical management effectively. In the context of liver disease, the earlier the identification occurs, the greater the range of therapeutic options that can be offered to patients. In the past, patients with acute decompensation (AD) of chronic liver disease were treated as a homogeneous group, with emphasis on identifying those at the highest risk of death. In the last 15 years, a differentiation has emerged between acute-on-chronic liver failure syndrome (ACLF) and AD, primarily due to indications that the latter is linked to a less favorable short-term prognosis. Nevertheless, the definition of ACLF varies among the different knowledge societies, making it challenging to assess its true impact compared with AD. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a detailed analysis emphasizing the critical importance of identifying ACLF in the field of advanced liver disease. We will discuss the differences between Eastern and Western approaches, particularly in relation to the occurrence of liver failure and disease onset. Common characteristics, such as the dynamic nature of the disease course, will be highlighted. Finally, we will focus on two key clinical implications arising from these considerations: the prevention of ACLF before its onset and the clinical management strategies once it develops, including liver transplantation and withdrawal of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Xu
- Fourth Department of Liver Disease (Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center), Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital, Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Fourth Department of Liver Disease (Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center), Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital, Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing, China
| | - Florent Artru
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Liver Disease Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- Rennes University and Inserm NuMeCan UMR 1317, Rennes, France
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248
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Zheng L, Jin M, Pan Y, Zheng Y, Lou Y. 3D-DNA walking nanomachine based on catalytic hairpin assembly and copper nanoclusters for sensitive detection of hepatitis C virus. Talanta 2024; 269:125478. [PMID: 38039675 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate detection of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is essential for early diagnosis and prevention of virus transmission. This study presents a novel approach that combines the three-dimensional (3D)-DNA walking nanomachine with catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and copper nanoclusters (CuNCs). By integrating CHA with the 3D DNA walking nanomachine, efficient target amplification on 3D surfaces was achieved, leading to improved reaction speed and detection performance. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was utilized to generate T-rich DNA sequences. These sequences served as templates for the formation of CuNCs, which functioned as the readout signal. The optimized 3D-DNA walking nanomachine exhibited excellent sensitivity in detecting HCV, with a detection limit of 42.4 pM and a linear range of 100 pM to 2 nM. The biosensor demonstrated excellent selectivity and reproducibility, with a recovery rate ranging from 94% to 108% for the detection of real samples. This design holds great potential for sensitive, label-free, and reliable detection of HCV in clinical settings. Furthermore, the versatility of this approach allows for the customization of target sequences, thereby facilitating the detection of various nucleic acid targets. Therefore, this method has the potential to advance personalized medicine, disease management, and genetic analysis in the field of molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laibao Zheng
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Yueqing, 325600, China.
| | - Ming Jin
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yajing Pan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Yueqing, 325600, China.
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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Osiowy C, Giles E, Lowe CF, Matic N, Murphy DG, Uzicanin S, Drews SJ, O'Brien SF. Hepatitis B virus genotype surveillance in Canadian blood donors and a referred patient population, 2016-2021. Vox Sang 2024; 119:232-241. [PMID: 38141175 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes (A-H) have a distinct geographic distribution and are highly associated with the country of birth. Canada has experienced increased immigration over the past decade, primarily from regions where HBV is endemic. This study investigated the proportions and trends of HBV genotypes within blood donor and clinical populations of Canada over the period 2016-2021. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study samples involved two cohorts: (1) Canadian blood donors (n = 246) deferred from donation due to HBV test positivity and (2) chronic HBV patients from across Canada (clinically referred population, n = 3539). Plasma or serum was extracted, and the surface antigen and/or polymerase-coding region was amplified and sequenced to determine genotype by phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS Six (A-E, G) and eight (A-H) HBV genotypes were detected among deferred blood donors and the clinically referred population, respectively. Differences in HBV genotype proportions between the two cohorts were observed across Canada. Males comprised most of the referred population among genotypes A-E (p < 0.0001), except for genotypes B and C. The median age was younger among blood donors (36 years [range 17-72]) compared with the referred population (41 years [range 0-99]). Distinct trends of increasing (E, referred; B, blood donor) and decreasing genotype prevalence were observed over the study period. CONCLUSION HBV genotypes in Canada are highly diverse, suggesting a large immigrant population. Observed trends in genotype prevalence and proportional differences among cohorts imply shifts among the HBV-infected population of Canada, which warrants continued surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Osiowy
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Giles
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Donald G Murphy
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Steven J Drews
- Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Diagnostic and Applied Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sheila F O'Brien
- Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Mannion R, Fitzpatrick E. Systemic Complications Secondary to Chronic Liver Disease. Indian J Pediatr 2024; 91:286-293. [PMID: 37440151 PMCID: PMC10866760 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The systemic sequelae of chronic liver disease (CLD) may be due to portal hypertension and shunting, malnutrition, and/or a low grade inflammatory state. This article will focus on the consequences of chronic liver disease affecting extrahepatic organs. Portal hypertension underlies many systemic complications of CLD. Aside from varices and ascites, portal hypertension may cause both hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension leading to respiratory compromise. Cardiomyopathy may also occur secondary to end stage liver disease. Hepatorenal syndrome is also well recognised and hepatic encephalopathy is a consequence of the effect of liver dysfunction on the brain. Compromise of the immune system is well described in end-stage liver disease leading to sepsis and its consequences. Bony disease including osteoporosis and hepatic arthropathy may both be seen in children with CLD. CLD may be asymptomatic initially but then complications may present as the disease progresses. Furthermore, systemic effects of end stage liver disease may complicate liver transplant. These complications often present insidiously or at the time of acute decompensation. Thus, it is important that healthcare providers are vigilant when caring for children with CLD. This article outlines the secondary complications of CLD with an overview of the definition and diagnosis, pathophysiology, management and prognosis of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Mannion
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Children's Health Ireland Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer Fitzpatrick
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Children's Health Ireland Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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