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Fazio A, Di Martino A, Brunello M, Traina F, Marvi MV, Mazzotti A, Faldini C, Manzoli L, Evangelisti C, Ratti S. The involvement of signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis: An update. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:116-124. [PMID: 39021400 PMCID: PMC11254498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common disabling pathologies, characterized by joint pain and reduced function, significantly worsening the quality of life. Even if important progresses have been made in OA research, little is yet known about the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying OA. Understanding dysregulated signaling networks and their crosstalk in OA may offer a strong opportunity for the development of combined targeted therapies. Hence, this review highlights the recent findings on the main pathways involved in OA development, including Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, MAPK, AMPK, and JAK/STAT, providing insights on current targeted therapies in OA patients' management. The translational potential of this article The identification of key signaling pathways involved in OA development and the investigation of their signaling crosstalk could pave the way for more effective treatments and improved management of OA patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Fazio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Martino
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Ist Orthopedic Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunello
- Ist Orthopedic Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Traina
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Ortopedia-Traumatologia e Chirurgia Protesica e dei Reimpianti d'anca e di Ginocchio, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Marvi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Mazzotti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Ist Orthopedic Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Ist Orthopedic Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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202
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Ulloa M, Macías F, Clapp C, Martínez de la Escalera G, Arnold E. Prolactin is an Endogenous Antioxidant Factor in Astrocytes That Limits Oxidative Stress-Induced Astrocytic Cell Death via the STAT3/NRF2 Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1879-1901. [PMID: 38755517 PMCID: PMC11144156 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced death of neurons and astrocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. While significant progress has been made in identifying neuroprotective molecules against neuronal oxidative damage, little is known about their counterparts for astrocytes. Prolactin (PRL), a hormone known to stimulate astroglial proliferation, viability, and cytokine expression, exhibits antioxidant effects in neurons. However, its role in protecting astrocytes from oxidative stress remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the effect of PRL against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative insult in primary cortical astrocyte cultures. Incubation of astrocytes with PRL led to increased enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), resulting in higher total antioxidant capacity. Concomitantly, PRL prevented H2O2-induced cell death, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and protein and lipid oxidation. The protective effect of PRL upon H2O2-induced cell death can be explained by the activation of both signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 (NRF2) transduction cascades. We demonstrated that PRL induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional upregulation of Nrf2, concurrently with the transcriptional upregulation of the NRF2-dependent genes heme oxygenase 1, Sod1, Sod2, and Gpx1. Pharmacological blockade of STAT3 suppressed PRL-induced transcriptional upregulation of Nrf2, Sod1 and Gpx1 mRNA, and SOD and GPX activities. Furthermore, genetic ablation of the PRL receptor increased astroglial susceptibility to H2O2-induced cell death and superoxide accumulation, while diminishing their intrinsic antioxidant capacity. Overall, these findings unveil PRL as a potent antioxidant hormone that protects astrocytes from oxidative insult, which may contribute to brain neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ulloa
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - Fernando Macías
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México
| | - Carmen Clapp
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México
| | | | - Edith Arnold
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México.
- CONAHCYT-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México.
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203
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Mohammedsaleh ZM, Hassanein EHM, Ali FEM, Althagafy HS, Al-Abbas NS, Atwa AM. Perindopril Dampens Cd-induced Nephrotoxicity by Suppressing Inflammatory Burden, Ang II/Ang 1-7, and Apoptosis Signaling Pathways. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3193-3203. [PMID: 37848587 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most abundant toxic heavy metals, and its exposure is linked to serious kidney intoxication, a major health problem. Evidence reported that inflammatory damage is a key factor in Cd renal intoxication. Perindopril (PER) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor approved for treating hypertension and other cardiovascular problems. Significantly, RAS activation results in inflammatory damage. Our study aimed to examine the renoprotective effects of PER in Cd-induced nephrotoxicity, the impact of inflammation, and the underlying molecular mechanisms. PER was given at a dose of 1 mg/kg per day. Cd was injected at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg, as a single dose. Treatment with PER led to a significant decrease in serum levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid, and urine albumin/creatinine ratio. PER effectively mitigated inflammation by decreasing MPO, NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and INF-γ levels mediated by downregulating NF-κB expression and suppressing JAK-1 and STAT3 phosphorylation. PER modulates Ang II/Ang 1-7 axis in Cd-intoxicated rats by decreasing Ang II expression and increasing Ang-(1-7) expression. PER inhibits Cd-induced apoptosis by lowering Bax, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase 3 expressions while increasing Bcl-2 expression. In conclusion, PER dampens Cd-induced kidney intoxication by modulating Ang II/Ang 1-7 axis, suppressing NF-κB, JAK-1/STAT3, and apoptosis signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf S Al-Abbas
- Department of Biology, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Atwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
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Rothenberg-Lausell C, Bar J, Dahabreh D, Renert-Yuval Y, Del Duca E, Guttman-Yassky E. Biologic and small-molecule therapy for treating moderate to severe atopic dermatitis: Mechanistic considerations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 154:20-30. [PMID: 38670231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex and heterogeneous skin disease for which achieving complete clinical clearance for most patients has proven challenging through single cytokine inhibition. Current studies integrate biomarkers and evaluate their role in AD, aiming to advance our understanding of the diverse molecular profiles implicated. Although traditionally characterized as a TH2-driven disease, extensive research has recently revealed the involvement of TH1, TH17, and TH22 immune pathways as well as the interplay of pivotal immune molecules, such as OX40, OX40 ligand (OX40L), thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and IL-33. This review explores the mechanistic effects of treatments for AD, focusing on mAbs and Janus kinase inhibitors. It describes how these treatments modulate immune pathways and examines their impact on key inflammatory and barrier biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Rothenberg-Lausell
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Jonathan Bar
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dante Dahabreh
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Yael Renert-Yuval
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel and the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ester Del Duca
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Dermatology, University of La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
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205
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Tu C, Yang S, Yang M, Liu L, Tao J, Zhang L, Huang X, Tian Y, Li N, Lin L, Qin Z. Mechanisms of persistent hemolysis-induced middle kidney injury in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109603. [PMID: 38704112 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Infection-induced hemolysis results in intravascular hemolysis, which releases hemoglobin (Hb) into the tissues. Free Hb exhibits cytotoxic, oxidative, and pro-inflammatory effects, leading to systemic inflammation, vascular constriction dysfunction, thrombosis, and proliferative vascular lesions. Currently, the impact of intravascular hemolysis on the middle kidney in fish is unclear. Here, the injection of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) was used to establish a persistent hemolysis model in grass carp. The determination results revealed that the PHZ-induced hemolysis caused conspicuous tissue damage in the kidneys of grass carp, increased the levels of Cr in the serum and the expression indicators of kidney injury-related genes in the middle kidney. Prussian blue staining indicated that PHZ-induced hemolysis significantly increased the deposition of iron ions in the kidneys of grass carp, and activated the expression levels of iron metabolism-related genes. The results of oxidative damage-related experiments indicate that under PHZ treatment, the activity of middle kidney cells decreases, and the production of oxidative damage markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) increases, simultaneously inhibiting the activity of antioxidant enzymes and upregulating the transcription levels of antioxidant enzyme-related genes. Additionally, the analysis of inflammatory factors revealed a significant upregulation of genes associated with inflammation induced by PHZ-induced hemolysis. The transcriptome analysis was performed to further explore the molecular regulatory effects of hemolysis on tissues, the analysis revealed the treatment of PHZ activated various of programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, including ferroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. In summary, this study found that sustained hemolysis in fish results in Hb and iron ion deposition in middle kidney, promoting oxidative damage, ultimately inducing various forms of PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Tu
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Shiyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Minxuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Lihan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Junjie Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Linpeng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Xiaoman Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Ningjing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China.
| | - Zhendong Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China.
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Li SH, Li QP, Chen WJ, Zhong YY, Sun J, Wu JF, Cao YX, Dong JC. Psoralen attenuates cigarette smoke extract-induced inflammation by modulating CD8 + T lymphocyte recruitment and chemokines via the JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32351. [PMID: 38988534 PMCID: PMC11233870 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory inflammatory disease. Psoralen (PSO) is the main pharmacological component identified from Bu-Shen-Fang-Chuan formula which has been traditionally used in treatment of COPD, yet its efficacy in COPD inflammation were unreported. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory potential of PSO in COPD and unravel the underlying mechanisms, focusing on T lymphocyte recruitment and the modulation of chemokines, namely monokine induced by interferon-gamma (CXCL9), interferon inducible protein 10 (CXCL10), and interferon inducible T-Cell alpha chemoattractant (CXCL11). In vitro, RAW264.7 was stimulated by interferon (IFN)-γ + cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and were treated with PSO (2.5, 5, 10 μM), then the levels of chemokines and the activation of Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) pathway were analyzed by real time PCR and western blot. In vivo, a murine model was established by intraperitoneal injection of CSE on day 1, 8, 15, and 22, then treated with PSO (10 mg/kg). Our experiments in vitro illustrated that PSO reduced the levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, and decreased the protein phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT1. Additionally, PSO effectively improved inflammatory infiltration and decreased the proportion of CD8+ T cells in CSE-exposed mice. Furthermore, PSO reduced the levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue, and decreased the protein phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT1. In conclusion, our results revealed the therapeutic potential of PSO for COPD inflammation, possibly mediated through the regulation of CD8+ T cell recruitment and chemokines via the JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-huan Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qiu-ping Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wen-jing Chen
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yuan-yuan Zhong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jin-feng Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yu-xue Cao
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jing-cheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
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207
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Liu S, Hu X, Zhang J, Lv L, He Y, Jiang L, Qin G. Bibliometric analysis of T cells in allergic rhinitis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32756. [PMID: 38975117 PMCID: PMC11226833 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
By reviewing the relevant literature in the field of T cell and allergic rhinitis, we determined the development status, study hotspots, and research frontiers viewpoints of this field to provide a reference for researchers and clinical workers. METHODS Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) was applied to obtain the studies related to T cells and allergic rhinitis (AR) from 2003 to 2023, and the information extracted from these studies was analyzed using CiteSpace 6.1. R6 and VOSviewer 1.6.18. RESULTS In total, 1585 articles were collected from WoSCC, with the time set between 2003 and 2023. Overall, a growing number of articles are being published annually. The countries and institutions with the maximum publications volume are China (370, 23.34 %) and Sun Yat-sen University (34, 2.15 %). The biggest contributor to the field was Durham, Stephen R. from the UK (22, 1.39 %). The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology published the most related papers in the field (88, 5.54 %). Immunotherapy, Th cells, and inflammation were found to be the research hotspots in this area of T cells and allergic rhinitis in recent years. Pathway, model, Regulatory T cells (Treg cells), regulatory B cells, immunoglobulin E,and innate lymphoid cells were the current research hotspots in this field. CONCLUSION The field of T cell and allergic rhinitis is developing rapidly, and many countries significantly contributed to this field. Most researchers in this field mainly focused on immunotherapy, Th cell, and inflammation. Pathway, model, Treg cell, regulatory B cell, immunoglobulin E,and innate lymphoid cells were the main subject of current research, and future development is expected to occur in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Sichuan, Deyang, 618000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Public Center of Experimental Technology of Pathogen Biology Technology Platform, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangge Lv
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiao He
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
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208
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Sun R, Liang Y, Zhu S, Yin Q, Bian Y, Ma H, Zhao F, Yin G, Tang D. Homotherapy-for-heteropathy of Bupleurum Chinense DC.-Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in treating depression and colorectal cancer: A network pharmacology and animal model approach. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118038. [PMID: 38479544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bupleurum chinense DC.-Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (BS) is a classic drug pair that has good clinical effects on depression and many tumors. However, the concurrent targeting mechanism of how the aforementioned drug pair is valid in the two distinct diseases, has not been clarified yet. AIM OF THE STUDY The components of BS were detected by LC-MS, combined with network pharmacology to explore the active ingredients and common targeting mechanism of its multi-pathway regulation of BS in treating depression and CRC, and to validate the dual effects of BS using the CUMS mice model and orthotopic transplantation tumor mice model of CRC. RESULTS Twenty-nine components were screened, 84 common gene targets were obteined, and the top 5 key targets including STAT3, PIK3R1, PIK3CA, AKT1, IL-6 were identified by PPI network. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways might play a crucial role of BS in regulating depression and CRC. BS significantly modulated CUMS-induced depressive-like behavior, attenuated neuronal damage, and reduced serum EPI and NE levels in CUMS model mice. BS improved the pathological histological changes of solid tumors and liver tissues and inhibited solid tumors and liver metastases in tumor-bearing mice. BS significantly decreased the proteins' expression of IL-6, p-JAK2, p-STAT3, p-PI3K, p-AKT1 in hippocampal tissues and solid tumors, and regulated the levels of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 in serum of two models of mice. CONCLUSION BS can exert dual antidepressant and anti-CRC effects by inhibiting the expression of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathway proteins and regulating the release of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shijiao Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qihang Yin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yong Bian
- Labthatory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongyue Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Gang Yin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Decai Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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209
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Cugudda A, La Manna S, Marasco D. Are peptidomimetics the compounds of choice for developing new modulators of the JAK-STAT pathway? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1406886. [PMID: 38983855 PMCID: PMC11232365 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1406886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play critical roles in a wide range of biological processes including the dysregulation of cellular pathways leading to the loss of cell function, which in turn leads to diseases. The dysfunction of several signaling pathways is linked to the insurgence of pathological processes such as inflammation, cancer development and neurodegeneration. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel chemical modulators of dysregulated PPIs to drive progress in targeted therapies. Several PPIs have been targeted by bioactive compounds, and, often, to properly cover interacting protein regions and improve the biological activities of modulators, a particular focus concerns the employment of macrocycles as proteomimetics. Indeed, for their physicochemical properties, they occupy an intermediate space between small organic molecules and macromolecular proteins and are prominent in the drug discovery process. Peptide macrocycles can modulate fundamental biological mechanisms and here we will focus on peptidomimetics active on the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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Ziętara KJ, Wróblewska K, Zajączkowska M, Taczała J, Lejman M. The Role of the JAK-STAT Pathway in Childhood B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6844. [PMID: 38999955 PMCID: PMC11241568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia is a hematologic neoplasm that poses a serious health concern in childhood. Genetic aberrations, such as mutations in the genes IL-7, IL7R, JAK1, JAK2, TLSP, CRLF2, and KTM2A or gene fusions involving BCR::ABL1, ETV6::RUNX1, and PAX5::JAK2, often correlate with the onset of this disease. These aberrations can lead to malfunction of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, which is implicated in various important biological processes, including those related to immunology. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the malfunction of the JAK-STAT pathway holds potential for research on drugs targeting its components. Available drugs that interfere with the JAK-STAT pathway include fludarabine, ruxolitinib, and fedratinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Joanna Ziętara
- Student Scientific Society, Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.J.Z.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
| | - Kinga Wróblewska
- Student Scientific Society, Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.J.Z.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
| | - Monika Zajączkowska
- Student Scientific Society, Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.J.Z.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
| | - Joanna Taczała
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Monika Lejman
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
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211
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Mohamed AH, Ahmed AT, Al Abdulmonem W, Bokov DO, Shafie A, Al-Hetty HRAK, Hsu CY, Alissa M, Nazir S, Jamali MC, Mudhafar M. Interleukin-6 serves as a critical factor in various cancer progression and therapy. Med Oncol 2024; 41:182. [PMID: 38900329 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a crucial role in host immune defense and acute stress responses. Moreover, it modulates various cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and differentiation. These effects are facilitated by various signaling pathways, particularly the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2). However, excessive IL-6 production and dysregulated signaling are associated with various cancers, promoting tumorigenesis by influencing all cancer hallmarks, such as apoptosis, survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasiveness, metastasis, and notably, metabolism. Emerging evidence indicates that selective inhibition of the IL-6 signaling pathway yields therapeutic benefits across diverse malignancies, such as multiple myeloma, prostate, colorectal, renal, ovarian, and lung cancers. Targeting key components of IL-6 signaling, such as IL-6Rs, gp130, STAT3, and JAK via monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or small molecules, is a heavily researched approach in preclinical cancer studies. The purpose of this study is to offer an overview of the role of IL-6 and its signaling pathway in various cancer types. Furthermore, we discussed current preclinical and clinical studies focusing on targeting IL-6 signaling as a therapeutic strategy for various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma'a H Mohamed
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babil, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Abdulrahman T Ahmed
- Department of Nursing, Al-Maarif University College, Ramadi, AL-Anbar Governorate, Iraq.
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy named after A.P. Nelyubin, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, Russian Federation, 109240
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Chou-Yi Hsu
- Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University Tempe Campus, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Nazir
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammad Chand Jamali
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Liwa College, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mustafa Mudhafar
- Department of Medical Physics, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Kerbala, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
- Department of Anesthesia Techniques and Intensive Care, Al-Taff University College, Kerbala, 56001, Iraq
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212
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Ji Q, Zheng Y, Zhou L, Chen F, Li W. Unveiling divergent treatment prognoses in IDHwt-GBM subtypes through multiomics clustering: a swift dual MRI-mRNA model for precise subtype prediction. J Transl Med 2024; 22:578. [PMID: 38890658 PMCID: PMC11186189 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IDH1-wildtype glioblastoma multiforme (IDHwt-GBM) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive brain tumour characterised by a dismal prognosis and significant challenges in accurately predicting patient outcomes. To address these issues and personalise treatment approaches, we aimed to develop and validate robust multiomics molecular subtypes of IDHwt-GBM. Through this, we sought to uncover the distinct molecular signatures underlying these subtypes, paving the way for improved diagnosis and targeted therapy for this challenging disease. METHODS To identify stable molecular subtypes among 184 IDHwt-GBM patients from TCGA, we used the consensus clustering method to consolidate the results from ten advanced multiomics clustering approaches based on mRNA, lncRNA, and mutation data. We developed subtype prediction models using the PAM and machine learning algorithms based on mRNA and MRI data for enhanced clinical utility. These models were validated in five independent datasets, and an online interactive system was created. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of the clinical impact, drug treatment response, and molecular associations of the IDHwt-GBM subtypes. RESULTS In the TCGA cohort, two molecular subtypes, class 1 and class 2, were identified through multiomics clustering of IDHwt-GBM patients. There was a significant difference in survival between Class 1 and Class 2 patients, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.68 [1.15-2.47]. This difference was validated in other datasets (CGGA: HR = 1.75[1.04, 2.94]; CPTAC: HR = 1.79[1.09-2.91]; GALSS: HR = 1.66[1.09-2.54]; UCSF: HR = 1.33[1.00-1.77]; UPENN HR = 1.29[1.04-1.58]). Additionally, class 2 was more sensitive to treatment with radiotherapy combined with temozolomide, and this sensitivity was validated in the GLASS cohort. Correspondingly, class 2 and class 1 exhibited significant differences in mutation patterns, enriched pathways, programmed cell death (PCD), and the tumour immune microenvironment. Class 2 had more mutation signatures associated with defective DNA mismatch repair (P = 0.0021). Enriched pathways of differentially expressed genes in class 1 and class 2 (P-adjust < 0.05) were mainly related to ferroptosis, the PD-1 checkpoint pathway, the JAK-STAT signalling pathway, and other programmed cell death and immune-related pathways. The different cell death modes and immune microenvironments were validated across multiple datasets. Finally, our developed survival prediction model, which integrates molecular subtypes, age, and sex, demonstrated clinical benefits based on the decision curve in the test set. We deployed the molecular subtyping prediction model and survival prediction model online, allowing interactive use and facilitating user convenience. CONCLUSIONS Molecular subtypes were identified and verified through multiomics clustering in IDHwt-GBM patients. These subtypes are linked to specific mutation patterns, the immune microenvironment, prognoses, and treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ji
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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213
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Lundrigan E, Toudic C, Pennock E, Pezacki JP. SARS-CoV-2 Protein Nsp9 Is Involved in Viral Evasion through Interactions with Innate Immune Pathways. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:26428-26438. [PMID: 38911767 PMCID: PMC11191075 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The suppression of the host's innate antiviral immune response by SARS-CoV-2, a contributing factor to the severity of disease, has been considerably studied in recent years. Many of these studies have focused on the actions of the structural proteins of the virus because of their accessibility to host immunological components. However, less is known about SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural and accessory proteins in relation to viral evasion. Herein, we study SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins Orf3a, Orf6, and Nsp9 in a mimicked virus-infected state using poly(I:C), a synthetic analog of viral dsRNA, that elicits the antiviral immune response. Through genome-wide expression profiling, we determined that Orf3a, Orf6, and Nsp9 all modulate the host antiviral signaling transcriptome to varying extents, uniquely suppressing aspects of innate immune signaling. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 Nsp9 hinders viral detection through suppression of RIG-I expression and antagonizes the interferon antiviral cascade by downregulating NF-kB and TBK1. Our data point to unique molecular mechanisms through which the different SARS-CoV-2 proteins suppress immune signaling and promote viral evasion. Nsp9 in particular acts on major elements of the host antiviral pathways to impair the antiviral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryn Lundrigan
- Department of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Caroline Toudic
- Department of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Emily Pennock
- Department of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - John Paul Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
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214
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Mandros P, Gallagher I, Fanfani V, Chen C, Fischer J, Ismail A, Hsu L, Saha E, DeConti DK, Quackenbush J. node2vec2rank: Large Scale and Stable Graph Differential Analysis via Multi-Layer Node Embeddings and Ranking. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.16.599201. [PMID: 38948759 PMCID: PMC11212899 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.16.599201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Computational methods in biology can infer large molecular interaction networks from multiple data sources and at different resolutions, creating unprecedented opportunities to explore the mechanisms driving complex biological phenomena. Networks can be built to represent distinct conditions and compared to uncover graph-level differences-such as when comparing patterns of gene-gene interactions that change between biological states. Given the importance of the graph comparison problem, there is a clear and growing need for robust and scalable methods that can identify meaningful differences. We introduce node2vec2rank (n2v2r), a method for graph differential analysis that ranks nodes according to the disparities of their representations in joint latent embedding spaces. Improving upon previous bag-of-features approaches, we take advantage of recent advances in machine learning and statistics to compare graphs in higher-order structures and in a data-driven manner. Formulated as a multi-layer spectral embedding algorithm, n2v2r is computationally efficient, incorporates stability as a key feature, and can provably identify the correct ranking of differences between graphs in an overall procedure that adheres to veridical data science principles. By better adapting to the data, node2vec2rank clearly outperformed the commonly used node degree in finding complex differences in simulated data. In the real-world applications of breast cancer subtype characterization, analysis of cell cycle in single-cell data, and searching for sex differences in lung adenocarcinoma, node2vec2rank found meaningful biological differences enabling the hypothesis generation for therapeutic candidates. Software and analysis pipelines implementing n2v2r and used for the analyses presented here are publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mandros
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ian Gallagher
- School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, UK, and the Heilbronn Institute for Mathematical Research, Bristol, UK
| | - Viola Fanfani
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonas Fischer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anis Ismail
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lauren Hsu
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Enakshi Saha
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Derrick K DeConti
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Quackenbush
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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215
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Xue X, Li Y, Yao Y, Zhang S, Peng C, Li Y. A comprehensive review of miR-21 in liver disease: Big impact of little things. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112116. [PMID: 38696909 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNA with 20-24 nucleotides, are defined as the powerful regulators for gene expression. miR-21 is a multifunctional miRNA enriched in the circulatory system and multiple organs, which not only serves as a non-invasive biomarker in disease diagnosis, but also participates in many cellular activities. In various chronic liver diseases, the increase of miR-21 affects glycolipid metabolism, viral infection, inflammatory and immune cell activation, hepatic stellate cells activation and tissue fibrosis, and autophagy. Moreover, miR-21 is also a liaison in the deterioration of chronic liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and it impacts on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, immune escape, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation by regulating target genes expression in different signaling pathways. In current research on miRNA therapy, some natural products can exert the hepatoprotective effects depending on the inhibition of miR-21 expression. In addition, miR-21-based therapeutic also play a role in regulating intracellular miR-21 levels and enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs. Herein, we systemically summarized the recent progress of miR-21 on biosynthesis, biomarker function, molecular mechanism and miRNA therapy in chronic liver disease and HCC, and looked forward to outputting some information to enable it from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yanzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shenglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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216
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Zhang C, Liu Y, Li G, Yang Z, Han C, Sun X, Sheng C, Ding K, Rao Y. Targeting the undruggables-the power of protein degraders. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1776-1797. [PMID: 38614856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Undruggable targets typically refer to a class of therapeutic targets that are difficult to target through conventional methods or have not yet been targeted, but are of great clinical significance. According to statistics, over 80% of disease-related pathogenic proteins cannot be targeted by current conventional treatment methods. In recent years, with the advancement of basic research and new technologies, the development of various new technologies and mechanisms has brought new perspectives to overcome challenging drug targets. Among them, targeted protein degradation technology is a breakthrough drug development strategy for challenging drug targets. This technology can specifically identify target proteins and directly degrade pathogenic target proteins by utilizing the inherent protein degradation pathways within cells. This new form of drug development includes various types such as proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), molecular glue, lysosome-targeting Chimaera (LYTAC), autophagosome-tethering compound (ATTEC), autophagy-targeting chimera (AUTAC), autophagy-targeting chimera (AUTOTAC), degrader-antibody conjugate (DAC). This article systematically summarizes the application of targeted protein degradation technology in the development of degraders for challenging drug targets. Finally, the article looks forward to the future development direction and application prospects of targeted protein degradation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yongbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangchen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhouli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ke Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yu Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China.
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217
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Kow CS, Ramachandram DS, Hasan SS. Effect of JAK Inhibitors on the Risk of Death in Patients with Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Can J Hosp Pharm 2024; 77:e3493. [PMID: 38868321 PMCID: PMC11146300 DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.3493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Background The pathophysiology of COVID-19 involves a signalling pathway based on the Janus kinases (JAKs) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of proteins. As such, there has been growing interest in exploring JAK inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for this disease. Objective To provide a comprehensive summary of the efficacy of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19 through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources A systematic literature search was conducted in multiple electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and preprint repositories, without language restrictions, to identify relevant studies published up to December 31, 2023. Study Selection and Data Extraction The primary outcome of interest was all-cause mortality. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the administration of JAK inhibitors in patients with COVID-19 were included. Data Synthesis Through the systematic literature search, a total of 20 RCTs meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled odds ratio for death with administration of a JAK inhibitor relative to non-administration of such an agent, with 95% confidence interval. Meta-analysis of these trials revealed a significant reduction in mortality among patients with COVID-19 who received JAK inhibitors relative to those who did not receive these agents (pooled odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.58-0.84). Conclusions The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that JAK inhibitors, specifically baricitinib, may address the urgent need for effective treatments in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic by reducing the risk of death among affected patients. However, further research, including larger-scale RCTs, is needed to establish the efficacy and safety of other JAK inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19 and to generate more robust evidence regarding their use in this specific patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Siang Kow
- , MPharm, is with the School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Syed Shahzad Hasan
- , PhD, is with the School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, and the School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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218
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Fuentes-Rodriguez A, Mitchell A, Guérin SL, Landreville S. Recent Advances in Molecular and Genetic Research on Uveal Melanoma. Cells 2024; 13:1023. [PMID: 38920653 PMCID: PMC11201764 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM), a distinct subtype of melanoma, presents unique challenges in its clinical management due to its complex molecular landscape and tendency for liver metastasis. This review highlights recent advancements in understanding the molecular pathogenesis, genetic alterations, and immune microenvironment of UM, with a focus on pivotal genes, such as GNAQ/11, BAP1, and CYSLTR2, and delves into the distinctive genetic and chromosomal classifications of UM, emphasizing the role of mutations and chromosomal rearrangements in disease progression and metastatic risk. Novel diagnostic biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells, DNA and extracellular vesicles, are discussed, offering potential non-invasive approaches for early detection and monitoring. It also explores emerging prognostic markers and their implications for patient stratification and personalized treatment strategies. Therapeutic approaches, including histone deacetylase inhibitors, MAPK pathway inhibitors, and emerging trends and concepts like CAR T-cell therapy, are evaluated for their efficacy in UM treatment. This review identifies challenges in UM research, such as the limited treatment options for metastatic UM and the need for improved prognostic tools, and suggests future directions, including the discovery of novel therapeutic targets, immunotherapeutic strategies, and advanced drug delivery systems. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of continued research and innovation in addressing the unique challenges of UM to improve patient outcomes and develop more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Fuentes-Rodriguez
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.F.-R.); (A.M.); (S.L.G.)
- Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l‘Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Andrew Mitchell
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.F.-R.); (A.M.); (S.L.G.)
- Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l‘Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.F.-R.); (A.M.); (S.L.G.)
- Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l‘Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Solange Landreville
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.F.-R.); (A.M.); (S.L.G.)
- Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l‘Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
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219
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Lindell RB, Sayed S, Campos JS, Knight M, Mauracher AA, Hay CA, Conrey PE, Fitzgerald JC, Yehya N, Famularo ST, Arroyo T, Tustin R, Fazelinia H, Behrens EM, Teachey DT, Freeman AF, Bergerson JRE, Holland SM, Leiding JW, Weiss SL, Hall MW, Zuppa AF, Taylor DM, Feng R, Wherry EJ, Meyer NJ, Henrickson SE. Dysregulated STAT3 signaling and T cell immunometabolic dysfunction define a targetable, high mortality subphenotype of critically ill children. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.11.24308709. [PMID: 38946991 PMCID: PMC11213094 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.24308709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is the leading cause of death of hospitalized children worldwide. Despite the established link between immune dysregulation and mortality in pediatric sepsis, it remains unclear which host immune factors contribute causally to adverse sepsis outcomes. Identifying modifiable pathobiology is an essential first step to successful translation of biologic insights into precision therapeutics. We designed a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of 88 critically ill pediatric patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), including patients with and without sepsis, to define subphenotypes associated with targetable mechanisms of immune dysregulation. We first assessed plasma proteomic profiles and identified shared features of immune dysregulation in MODS patients with and without sepsis. We then employed consensus clustering to define three subphenotypes based on protein expression at disease onset and identified a strong association between subphenotype and clinical outcome. We next identified differences in immune cell frequency and activation state by MODS subphenotype and determined the association between hyperinflammatory pathway activation and cellular immunophenotype. Using single cell transcriptomics, we demonstrated STAT3 hyperactivation in lymphocytes from the sickest MODS subgroup and then identified an association between STAT3 hyperactivation and T cell immunometabolic dysregulation. Finally, we compared proteomics findings between patients with MODS and patients with inborn errors of immunity that amplify cytokine signaling pathways to further assess the impact of STAT3 hyperactivation in the most severe patients with MODS. Overall, these results identify a potentially pathologic and targetable role for STAT3 hyperactivation in a subset of pediatric patients with MODS who have high severity of illness and poor prognosis.
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Murgo E, Falco G, Serviddio G, Mazzoccoli G, Colangelo T. Circadian patterns of growth factor receptor-dependent signaling and implications for carcinogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:319. [PMID: 38858728 PMCID: PMC11163765 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Several different signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation are initiated by binding of ligands to cell-surface and membrane-bound enzyme-linked receptors, such as receptor tyrosine kinases and serine-threonine kinases. They prompt phosphorylation of tyrosine and serine-threonine residues and initiate downstream signaling pathways and priming of intracellular molecules that convey the signal in the cytoplasm and nucleus, with transcriptional activation of specific genes enriching cell growth and survival-related cascades. These cell processes are rhythmically driven by molecular clockworks endowed in every cell type and when deregulated play a crucial role in cancer onset and progression. Growth factors and their matching receptor-dependent signaling are frequently overexpressed and/or dysregulated in many cancer types. In this review we focus on the interplay between biological clocks and Growth Factor Receptor-dependent signaling in the context of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Murgo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza",, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Giorgia Falco
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza",, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza",, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Colangelo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
- Cancer Cell Signaling Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
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Gholami F, Seyedalipour B, Heidari-Kalvani N, Nabi-Afjadi M, Yaghoubzad-Maleki M, Fathi Z, Alipourfard I, Barjesteh F, Bahreini E. Catharanthine, an anticancer vinca alkaloid: an in silico and in vitro analysis of the autophagic system as the major mechanism of cell death in liver HepG2 cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03191-8. [PMID: 38856913 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Catharanthine, a component of the anticancer drug vinblastine along with vindoline, disrupts the cell cycle by interfering with mitotic spindle formation. Apart from their antioxidant properties, vinca alkaloids like catharanthine inhibit phosphodiesterase activity and elevate intracellular cAMP levels. The aim of this study was to investigate how catharantine affects apoptosis and autophagy. This study conducted experiments on HepG2 liver carcinoma cells with varying doses of catharanthine to evaluate cell death rates and viability and determine the IC50 concentration via MTT assays. The apoptotic and autophagic effects of catharanthine were assessed using flow cytometry with annexin V and PI staining, while the expression of autophagy-related genes was analyzed through quantitative PCR. Additionally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were employed to further investigate catharanthine's impact on autophagy mechanisms. The study showed that catharanthine reduced oxidative stress and triggered apoptosis in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Catharanthine also upregulated the expression of autophagy-related genes like LC3, Beclin1, and ULK1. Notably, catharanthine increased sirtuin-1 levels, a known autophagy inducer, while decreasing Akt expression compared to untreated cells. Molecular docking results indicated rapamycin had a stronger binding affinity with FRB (-10.7 KJ/mol-1) than catharanthine (-7.3 KJ/mol-1). Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations revealed that catharanthine interacted effectively with the FRB domain of mTOR, displaying stability and a strong binding affinity, although not as potent as rapamycin. In summary, besides its cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects, catharanthine activates autophagy signaling pathways and induces autophagic necrosis by inhibiting mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnoosh Gholami
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Bagher Seyedalipour
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Heidari-Kalvani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yaghoubzad-Maleki
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Fathi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Fereshte Barjesteh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Bahreini
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kramárek M, Souček P, Réblová K, Grodecká L, Freiberger T. Splicing analysis of STAT3 tandem donor suggests non-canonical binding registers for U1 and U6 snRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:5959-5974. [PMID: 38426935 PMCID: PMC11162779 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tandem donor splice sites (5'ss) are unique regions with at least two GU dinucleotides serving as splicing cleavage sites. The Δ3 tandem 5'ss are a specific subclass of 5'ss separated by 3 nucleotides which can affect protein function by inserting/deleting a single amino acid. One 5'ss is typically preferred, yet factors governing particular 5'ss choice are not fully understood. A highly conserved exon 21 of the STAT3 gene was chosen as a model to study Δ3 tandem 5'ss splicing mechanisms. Based on multiple lines of experimental evidence, endogenous U1 snRNA most likely binds only to the upstream 5'ss. However, the downstream 5'ss is used preferentially, and the splice site choice is not dependent on the exact U1 snRNA binding position. Downstream 5'ss usage was sensitive to exact nucleotide composition and dependent on the presence of downstream regulatory region. The downstream 5'ss usage could be best explained by two novel interactions with endogenous U6 snRNA. U6 snRNA enables the downstream 5'ss usage in STAT3 exon 21 by two mechanisms: (i) binding in a novel non-canonical register and (ii) establishing extended Watson-Crick base pairing with the downstream regulatory region. This study suggests that U6:5'ss interaction is more flexible than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kramárek
- Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Přemysl Souček
- Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Réblová
- Centre of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kajan Grodecká
- Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Freiberger
- Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Fu H, Ge Y, Liu X, Deng S, Li J, Tan P, Yang Y, Wu Z. Exposure to the environmental pollutant chlorpyrifos induces hepatic toxicity through activation of the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:171711. [PMID: 38494025 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CHP) is an inexpensive highly effective organophosphate insecticide used worldwide. The unguided and excessive use of CHP by farmers has led to its significant accumulation in crops as well as contamination of water sources, causing health problems for humans and animals. Therefore, this study evaluated the toxicological effects of exposure to the environmental pollutant CHP at low, medium, and high (2.5, 5, and 10 mg·kg-1 BW) levels on rat liver by examining antioxidant levels, inflammation, and apoptosis based on the no observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL) (1 mg·kg-1 BW) and the CHP dose that does not cause any visual symptoms (5 mg·kg-1 BW). Furthermore, the involvement of the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways in CHP-induced toxic effects was identified. The relationship between the expression levels of key proteins (p-JAK/JAK, p-STAT/STAT, p-JNK/JNK, p-P38/P38, and p-ERK/ERK) in the pathways and changes in the expression of markers associated with inflammation [inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α), chemokines (GCLC and GCLM), and inflammatory signaling pathways (NF-кB, TLR2, TLR4, NLRP3, ASC, MyD88, IFN-γ, and iNOS)] and apoptosis [Bad, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase3, Caspase9, and the cleavage substrate of Caspase PARP1] were also determined. The results suggest that CHP exposure disrupts liver function and activates the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways via oxidative stress, exacerbating inflammation and apoptosis. Meanwhile, the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways are involved in CHP-induced hepatotoxicity. These findings provide a novel direction for effective prevention and amelioration of health problems caused by CHP abuse in agriculture and households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yao Ge
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Siwei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Rodman EPB, Emch MJ, Hou X, Bajaj A, Pearson NA, John AJ, Ortiz Y, Bass AD, Singh S, Baldassarre G, Kaufmann SH, Weroha SJ, Hawse JR. Lestaurtinib's antineoplastic activity converges on JAK/STAT signaling to inhibit advanced forms of therapy resistant ovarian cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.06.597753. [PMID: 38895264 PMCID: PMC11185641 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.06.597753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy, owing to its late-stage diagnosis and high rates of recurrence and resistance following standard-of-care treatment, highlighting the need for novel treatment approaches. Through an unbiased drug screen, we identified the kinase inhibitor, lestaurtinib, as a potent antineoplastic agent for chemotherapy- and PARP-inhibitor (PARPi)-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer cells and patient derived xenografts (PDXs). RNA-sequencing revealed that lestaurtinib potently suppressed JAK/STAT signaling and lestaurtinib efficacy was shown to be directly related to JAK/STAT pathway activity in cell lines and PDX models. Most ovarian cancer cells exhibited constitutive JAK/STAT pathway activation and genetic loss of STAT1 and STAT3 resulted in growth inhibition. Lestaurtinib also displayed synergy when combined with cisplatin and olaparib, including in a model of PARPi resistance. In contrast, the most well-known JAK/STAT inhibitor, ruxolitinib, lacked antineoplastic activity against all ovarian cancer cell lines and PDX models tested. This divergent behavior was reflected in the ability of lestaurtinib to block both Y701/705 and S727 phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3, whereas ruxolitinib failed to block S727. Consistent with these findings, lestaurtinib additionally inhibited JNK and ERK activity, leading to more complete suppression of STAT phosphorylation. Concordantly, combinatorial treatment with ruxolitinib and a JNK or ERK inhibitor resulted in synergistic antineoplastic effects at dose levels where single agents were ineffective. Taken together, these findings indicate that lestaurtinib, and other treatments that converge on JAK/STAT signaling, are worthy of further pre-clinical and clinical exploration for the treatment of highly aggressive and advanced forms of ovarian cancer. Statement of significance Lestaurtinib is a novel inhibitor of ovarian cancer, including chemotherapy- and PARPi-resistant models, that acts through robust inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway and synergizes with standard-of-care agents at clinically relevant concentrations.
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Gitau J, Kinyori G, Sayed S, Saleem M, Makokha FW, Kirabo A. The Association between the JAK-STAT Pathway and Hypertension among Kenyan Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.07.597892. [PMID: 38895458 PMCID: PMC11185763 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.07.597892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women worldwide, and disproportionately affects Sub-Saharan Africa compared to high income countries. The global disease burden is growing, with Sub-Saharan Africa reporting majority of the cases. In Kenya, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an annual incidence of 7,243 new cases in 2022, representing 25.5% of all reported cancers in women. Evidence suggests that women receiving breast cancer treatment are at a greater risk of developing hypertension than women without breast cancer. Hypertension prevalence has been on the rise in SSA, with poor detection, treatment and control. The JAK-STAT signaling is activated in hormone receptor-positive breast tumors, leading to inflammation, cell proliferation, and treatment resistance in cancer cells. We sought to understand the association between the expression of JAK-STAT Pathway genes and hypertension among Kenyan women diagnosed with breast cancer. Methods Breast tumor and non-tumor tissues were acquired from patients with a pathologic diagnosis of invasive breast carcinoma. RNA was extracted from fresh frozen tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples of 23 participants who had at least 50% tumor after pathological examination, as well as their corresponding adjacent normal samples. Differentially expressed JAK-STAT genes between tumor and normal breast tissues were assessed using the DESEq2 R package. Pearson correlation was used to assess the correlation between differentially expressed JAK-STAT genes and participants' blood pressure, heart rate, and body mass index (BMI). Results 11,868 genes were differentially expressed between breast tumor and non-tumor tissues. Eight JAK-STAT genes were significantly dysregulated (Log2FC ≥ 1.0 and an Padj ≤ 0.05), with two genes (CISH and SCNN1A) being upregulated. Six genes (TGFBR2, STAT5A, STAT5B, TGFRB3, SMAD9, and SOCS2) were downregulated. We identified STAT5A and SOCS2 genes to be significantly correlated with elevated systolic pressure and heart rate, respectively. Conclusions Our study provides insights underlying the molecular mechanisms of hypertension among Kenyan women diagnosed with breast cancer. Understanding these mechanisms may help develop targeted treatments that may improve health outcomes of Kenyan women diagnosed with breast cancer. Longitudinal studies with larger cohorts will be needed to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Gitau
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
| | - Godfrey Kinyori
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
| | | | - Mohammad Saleem
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Francis W Makokha
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Song CJ, Riley CA, Wilkison BD, Cho S. A Review of JAK Inhibitors for Treatment of Alopecia Areata in the Military Health Care System. Mil Med 2024:usae292. [PMID: 38850223 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usae292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alopecia areata (AA) is a disease that manifests as patchy hair loss on the scalp and other parts of the body; severe disease may result in disfigurement, functional impairment, and significant psychological distress. This condition is understood to be caused by autoimmunity to the hair follicle and subsequent arrest of hair growth. New medications, baricitinib and ritlecitinib, belong to the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor family and are among the first FDA-approved treatments for severe AA. In this manuscript, we aim to answer the question: What treatment options exist for AA in the military health care system (MHS)? In doing so, we review the pathogenesis, physical and psychosocial impact of AA, conventional treatment of AA, and the efficacy and safety of baricitinib and ritlecitinib. METHODS A literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Ovid for the history and pathogenesis of AA, psychosocial impact of disease, functional impairments, and current treatments. Keywords "alopecia areata," "current therapy for alopecia areata," "pathogenesis alopecia areata," "baricitinib," "ritlecitinib," "JAK inhibitor alopecia," "JAK inhibitor safety," "baricitinib efficacy," "alopecia eyelash," "alopecia nails," and "psychosocial impact of alopecia" were used for the search. The TRICARE manual was searched for guidelines applicable to the treatment of AA, DoD Instruction 6130.03 Volume 2 for medical standards for military service, and the U.S. Central Command Modification 15 for fitness of deployment to Central Command area of operations. RESULTS Traditional treatments such as intralesional steroids may be effective for some patients, but difficulty lies in controlling extensive or refractory disease. Janus kinase inhibitors, baricitinib and ritlecitinib, are found effective at improving severe refractory disease; baricitinib induced hair regrowth in 32.6% more patients than placebo, and ritlecitinib was found to be superior to placebo by at least 24%. Currently, there is no coverage for therapeutic treatment of hair growth in the MHS. Additionally, military members are disqualified for continued service if they require immunomodulator medications such as baricitinib and ritlecitinib. Those on immunomodulators are unable to deploy worldwide. CONCLUSIONS Baricitinib and ritlecitinib are effective treatments for widespread, progressive, and refractory AA. Although JAK inhibitors demonstrate improved effectiveness compared to non-immunomodulator treatments, their use in the MHS for this purpose is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Song
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Christopher A Riley
- Department of Medicine, Dermatology Service, Eisenhower Army Medical Center, Fort Gordon, GA 30905, USA
| | - Bart D Wilkison
- Department of Dermatology, Lyster Army Health Clinic, Fort Novosel, AL 36362, USA
| | - Sunghun Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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El-Tanani M, Rabbani SA, Aljabali AA, Matalka II, El-Tanani Y, Rizzo M, Tambuwala MM. The Complex Connection between Obesity and Cancer: Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Implications. Nutr Cancer 2024; 76:683-706. [PMID: 38847479 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2361964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has emerged as an important global health challenge, significantly influencing the incidence and progression of various cancers. This comprehensive review elucidates the complex relationship between obesity and oncogenesis, focusing particularly on the role of dysregulated signaling pathways as central mediators of this association. We delve into the contributions of obesity-induced alterations in key signaling cascades, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin to carcinogenesis. These alterations facilitate unchecked cellular proliferation, chronic inflammation and apoptosis resistance. Epidemiological evidence links obesity with increased cancer susceptibility and adverse prognostic outcomes, with pronounced risks for specific cancers such as breast, colorectal, endometrial and hepatic malignancies. This review synthesizes data from both animal and clinical studies to underscore the pivotal role of disrupted signaling pathways in shaping innovative therapeutic strategies. We highlight the critical importance of lifestyle modifications in obesity management and cancer risk mitigation, stressing the benefits of dietary changes, physical activity, and behavioral interventions. Moreover, we examine targeted pharmacological strategies addressing aberrant pathways in obesity-related tumors and discuss the integration of cutting-edge treatments, including immunotherapy and precision medicine, into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Tanani
- College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Syed Arman Rabbani
- College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ismail I Matalka
- Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yahia El-Tanani
- Medical School, St George's University of London, Tooting, London
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Childcare, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln, UK
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Rakoczy K, Kaczor J, Sołtyk A, Szymańska N, Stecko J, Drąg-Zalesińska M, Kulbacka J. The Immune Response of Cancer Cells in Breast and Gynecologic Neoplasms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6206. [PMID: 38892394 PMCID: PMC11172873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer diseases constitute a major health problem which leads to the death of millions of people annually. They are unique among other diseases because cancer cells can perfectly adapt to the environment that they create themselves. This environment is usually highly hostile and for normal cells it would be hugely difficult to survive, however neoplastic cells not only can survive but also manage to proliferate. One of the reasons is that they can alter immunological pathways which allow them to be flexible and change their phenotype to the one needed in specific conditions. The aim of this paper is to describe some of these immunological pathways that play significant roles in gynecologic neoplasms as well as review recent research in this field. It is of high importance to possess extensive knowledge about these processes, as greater understanding leads to creating more specialized therapies which may prove highly effective in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rakoczy
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Justyna Kaczor
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Adam Sołtyk
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Natalia Szymańska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Jakub Stecko
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Drąg-Zalesińska
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubińskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine Santariškių g. 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Carmi YK, Agbarya A, Khamaisi H, Farah R, Shechtman Y, Korobochka R, Gopas J, Mahajna J. Ovarian cancer ascites confers platinum chemoresistance to ovarian cancer cells. Transl Oncol 2024; 44:101939. [PMID: 38489872 PMCID: PMC10955424 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), the second most common form of gynecologic malignancy, has a poor prognosis and is often discovered in the late stages. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first line of therapy. Nevertheless, treatment OC has proven challenging due to toxicity and the development of acquired resistance to therapy. Tumor microenvironment (TME) has been associated with platinum chemoresistance. Malignant ascites has been used as OC tumor microenvironment and its ability to induce platinum chemoresistance has been investigated. Our results suggest that exposure to OC ascites induces platinum chemoresistance in 11 of 13 cases (85 %) on OC cells. In contrast, 75 % of cirrhotic ascites (3 of 4) failed to confer platinum chemoresistance to OC cells. Cytokine array analysis revealed that IL -6 and to a lesser extent HGF were enriched in OC ascites, whereas IL -22 was enriched in cirrhotic ascites. Pharmaceutical inhibitors targeting the IL -6/ JAK pathway were mildly effective in overcoming platinum chemoresistance induced by malignant ascites. In contrast, crizotinib, an HGF/c- MET inhibitor, and 2-hydroxyestradiol (2HE2) were effective in restoring platinum chemosensitivity to OC. Our results demonstrate the importance of OC ascites in supporting platinum chemoresistance and the potential of combination therapy to restore chemosensitivity of OC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifat Koren Carmi
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Abed Agbarya
- Oncology Department, Bnai Zion MC, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hazem Khamaisi
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Raymond Farah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ziv Medical Center, Safed, Israel
| | | | | | - Jacob Gopas
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Kiryat Shmona, Israel.
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230
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Horn V, Sonnenberg GF. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells in intestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:428-443. [PMID: 38467885 PMCID: PMC11144103 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is an immunologically rich organ, containing complex cell networks and dense lymphoid structures that safeguard this large absorptive barrier from pathogens, contribute to tissue physiology and support mucosal healing. Simultaneously, the immune system must remain tolerant to innocuous dietary antigens and trillions of normally beneficial microorganisms colonizing the intestine. Indeed, a dysfunctional immune response in the intestine underlies the pathogenesis of numerous local and systemic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, food allergy, chronic enteric infections or cancers. Here, we discuss group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which have emerged as orchestrators of tissue physiology, immunity, inflammation, tolerance and malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract. ILC3s are abundant in the developing and healthy intestine but their numbers or function are altered during chronic disease and cancer. The latest studies provide new insights into the mechanisms by which ILC3s fundamentally shape intestinal homeostasis or disease pathophysiology, and often this functional dichotomy depends on context and complex interactions with other cell types or microorganisms. Finally, we consider how this knowledge could be harnessed to improve current treatments or provoke new opportunities for therapeutic intervention to promote gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Horn
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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231
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Zhong S, Tong J. The essential link: How STAT3 connects tumor metabolism to immunity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195028. [PMID: 38636823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2024.195028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising and long-lasting tumor treatment method, but it is challenged by the complex metabolism of tumors. To optimize immunotherapy, it is essential to further investigate the key proteins that regulate tumor metabolism and immune response. STAT3 plays a crucial role in regulating tumor dynamic metabolism and affecting immune cell function by responding to various cytokines and growth factors, which can be used as a potential target for immunotherapy. This review focuses on the crosstalk between STAT3 and tumor metabolism (including glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism) and its impact on the differentiation and function of immune cells such as T cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and reveals potential treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Jingjing Tong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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232
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Yang L, Zhang Z, Jiang P, Kong D, Yu Z, Shi D, Han Y, Chen E, Zheng W, Sun J, Zhao Y, Luo Y, Shi J, Yao H, Huang H, Qian P. Phase separation-competent FBL promotes early pre-rRNA processing and translation in acute myeloid leukaemia. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:946-961. [PMID: 38745030 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are pivotal in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), a lethal disease. Although specific phase separation-competent RBPs are recognized in AML, the effect of their condensate formation on AML leukaemogenesis, and the therapeutic potential of inhibition of phase separation are underexplored. In our in vivo CRISPR RBP screen, fibrillarin (FBL) emerges as a crucial nucleolar protein that regulates AML cell survival, primarily through its phase separation domains rather than methyltransferase or acetylation domains. These phase separation domains, with specific features, coordinately drive nucleoli formation and early processing of pre-rRNA (including efflux, cleavage and methylation), eventually enhancing the translation of oncogenes such as MYC. Targeting the phase separation capability of FBL with CGX-635 leads to elimination of AML cells, suggesting an additional mechanism of action for CGX-635 that complements its established therapeutic effects. We highlight the potential of PS modulation of critical proteins as a possible therapeutic strategy for AML.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- RNA Precursors/metabolism
- RNA Precursors/genetics
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics
- RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Protein Biosynthesis
- Cell Nucleolus/metabolism
- Cell Nucleolus/genetics
- Mice
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Phase Separation
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoru Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Penglei Jiang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Delin Kong
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zebin Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danrong Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingli Han
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ertuo Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyan Zheng
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Zhao
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jimin Shi
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China.
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China.
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Nodarse-Cuni H, Bravo O, Cañete R, Vázquez-Blomquist D, Quintana D, Aguilera-Barreto A, Guillen-Nieto G, Arteaga A, Morales I. Pharmacodynamic of Recombinant Human Interferon Alpha-2b Nasal Drops and Effective Prophylaxis Against SARS-COV-2 Infection. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024; 44:271-280. [PMID: 38597374 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The recombinant human interferon alpha-2b (IFN-α2b) nasal drop formulation (Nasalferon) was studied as prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2. Healthy volunteers between 19 and 80 years of age received 0.5 million international units of IFN in one drop (0.05 mL ) in each nostril, twice a day, for 10 consecutive days. The nondetection of SARS-CoV-2 by real-time polymerase chain reaction was the primary outcome variable. Several IFN-α biomarkers, including intranasal gene expression and innate immune effector activity, were increased in participants who received intranasal IFN-α2b. The study included 2,930 international travelers and 5,728 persons who were their close contacts. The subjects were treated with Nasalferon in January 2021, and 9,162 untreated travelers were included as controls. COVID-19 rate in treated subjects was significantly lower than in untreated subjects (0.05% vs. 4.84%). The proportion of travelers with COVID-19 decreased from 60.9% to 2.2% between December 2020 and February 2021. Furthermore, 1,719 tourism workers also received Nasalferon, and no cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were detected, whereas 39 COVID-19 cases (10.6%) were reported in 367 untreated subjects. The main adverse events associated with the use of intranasal IFN-α2b were nasal congestion, headache, and rhinorrhea. Our prophylactic health interventions study demonstrates that the daily administration of Nasalferon for 10 days decreases the risk of developing COVID-19 in healthy volunteers. [Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Nodarse-Cuni
- Clinical Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Odalys Bravo
- National Science and Innovation Directorate, Ministry of Public Health, Havana, Cuba
| | - Roberto Cañete
- Research Department, Medical College of Matanzas, Matanzas, Cuba
| | - Dania Vázquez-Blomquist
- Biomedical Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Diogenes Quintana
- Biomedical Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Ana Aguilera-Barreto
- Technological Development Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gerardo Guillen-Nieto
- Biomedical Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Amaylid Arteaga
- Research Department, National Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials, Havana, Cuba
| | - Ileana Morales
- National Science and Innovation Directorate, Ministry of Public Health, Havana, Cuba
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234
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Nussinov R, Yavuz BR, Jang H. Anticancer drugs: How to select small molecule combinations? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:503-519. [PMID: 38782689 PMCID: PMC11162304 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Small molecules are at the forefront of anticancer therapies. Successive treatments with single molecules incur drug resistance, calling for combination. Here, we explore the tough choices oncologists face - not just which drugs to use but also the best treatment plans, based on factors such as target proteins, pathways, and gene expression. We consider the reality of cancer's disruption of normal cellular processes, highlighting why it's crucial to understand the ins and outs of current treatment methods. The discussion on using combination drug therapies to target multiple pathways sheds light on a promising approach while also acknowledging the hurdles that come with it, such as dealing with pathway crosstalk. We review options and provide examples and the mechanistic basis, altogether providing the first comprehensive guide to combinatorial therapy selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Bengi Ruken Yavuz
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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235
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Jeong IH, Yun JK, Jin JO, Hong JH, Lee JY, Lee GD, Lee PCW. E3 ligase SOCS3 regulates NOD2 expression by ubiquitin proteasome system in lung cancer progression. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:819-832. [PMID: 37910276 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, it remains hard to discover effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Moreover, the five-year survival rate is relatively lower than other tumors. So urgent needs for finding a new theranostic target to treat lung cancer effectively. This study aims to present SOCS3 and NOD2 proteins as novel targets for diagnosis and therapy. METHODS We first confirmed SOCS3 expression level in patients' tissues. Then, we applied knockdown and overexpression of SOCS3 on lung cancer cell lines and performed proliferation, migration, and invasion assay. After that, we found NOD2 is a target of SOCS3 and introduced overexpression of NOD2 to A549 for verifying reduced tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells. RESULTS We identified protein expression level of SOCS3 was frequently higher in tumor tissues than adjacent normal tissues. Truly, overexpression of SOCS3 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of lung cancer cells. We found that SOCS3 interacts with NOD2 and SOCS3 ubiquitinates NOD2 directly. Furthermore, lung cancer tissues with higher SOCS3 expression showed lower NOD2 expression. We confirmed overexpression of NOD2 leads to suppressed tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells, and these effects occurred through MAPK pathway. CONCLUSION Collectively, our work reveals novel roles of SOCS3 in lung tumorigenesis and proposes SOCS3 as a promising biomarker candidate for therapeutic and diagnostic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Ho Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Yun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Microbiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Hong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
| | - Geun Dong Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
- Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
- Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
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236
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Ma J, Cui J, Qu Y, Chen J, Zhao Y, Han Y, Liu Y, Huang B, Wang X. Molecular confirmation and functional study of signal transducer and activator of transcription genes in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109560. [PMID: 38615702 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The JAK (Janus kinase)-STAT (Signal transducer and activator of transcription) is a well-known functional signaling pathway that plays a key role in several important biological activities such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and immunity. However, limited studies have explored the functions of STAT genes in invertebrates. In the present study, the gene sequences of two STAT genes from the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), termed CgSTAT-Like-1 (CgSTAT-L1) and CgSTAT-Like-2 (CgSTAT-L2), were obtained using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and cloning. Multiple sequence comparisons revealed that the sequences of crucial domains of these proteins were conserved, and the similarity with the protein sequence of other molluscan STAT is close to 90 %. The phylogenetic analyses indicated that CgSTAT-L1 and CgSTAT-L2 are novel members of the mollusk STAT family. Quantitative real-time PCR results implied that CgSTAT-L1 and CgSTAT-L2 mRNA expression was found in all tissues, and significantly induced after challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), or poly(I:C). After that, dual-luciferase reporter assays denoted that overexpression of CgSTAT-L1 and CgSTAT-L2 significantly activated the NF-κB signaling, and, interestingly, the overexpressed CgSTAT proteins potentiated LPS-induced NF-κB activation. These results contributed a preliminary analysis of the immune-related function of STAT genes in oysters, laying the foundation for deeper understanding of the function of invertebrate STAT genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilv Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Jie Cui
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yifan Qu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Jiwen Chen
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yijing Han
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Baoyu Huang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
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237
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Campana PA, Prasse P, Lienhard M, Thedinga K, Herwig R, Scheffer T. Cancer drug sensitivity estimation using modular deep Graph Neural Networks. NAR Genom Bioinform 2024; 6:lqae043. [PMID: 38680251 PMCID: PMC11055499 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Computational drug sensitivity models have the potential to improve therapeutic outcomes by identifying targeted drugs components that are tailored to the transcriptomic profile of a given primary tumor. The SMILES representation of molecules that is used by state-of-the-art drug-sensitivity models is not conducive for neural networks to generalize to new drugs, in part because the distance between atoms does not generally correspond to the distance between their representation in the SMILES strings. Graph-attention networks, on the other hand, are high-capacity models that require large training-data volumes which are not available for drug-sensitivity estimation. We develop a modular drug-sensitivity graph-attentional neural network. The modular architecture allows us to separately pre-train the graph encoder and graph-attentional pooling layer on related tasks for which more data are available. We observe that this model outperforms reference models for the use cases of precision oncology and drug discovery; in particular, it is better able to predict the specific interaction between drug and cell line that is not explained by the general cytotoxicity of the drug and the overall survivability of the cell line. The complete source code is available at https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.8020945. All experiments are based on the publicly available GDSC data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A Campana
- University of Potsdam, Department of Computer Science, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Paul Prasse
- University of Potsdam, Department of Computer Science, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthias Lienhard
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department Computational Molecular Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina Thedinga
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department Computational Molecular Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Herwig
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department Computational Molecular Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Scheffer
- University of Potsdam, Department of Computer Science, Potsdam, Germany
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238
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Su F, Koeberle A. Regulation and targeting of SREBP-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:673-708. [PMID: 38036934 PMCID: PMC11156753 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing burden on global public health and is associated with enhanced lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake, and lipid metabolic reprogramming. De novo lipogenesis is under the control of the transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and essentially contributes to HCC progression. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the regulation of SREBP-1 isoforms in HCC based on cellular, animal, and clinical data. Specifically, we (i) address the overarching mechanisms for regulating SREBP-1 transcription, proteolytic processing, nuclear stability, and transactivation and (ii) critically discuss their impact on HCC, taking into account (iii) insights from pharmacological approaches. Emphasis is placed on cross-talk with the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt)-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase A (PKA), and other kinases that directly phosphorylate SREBP-1; transcription factors, such as liver X receptor (LXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1 (PGC-1), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs), and Myc; epigenetic mechanisms; post-translational modifications of SREBP-1; and SREBP-1-regulatory metabolites such as oxysterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids. By carefully scrutinizing the role of SREBP-1 in HCC development, progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance, we shed light on the potential of SREBP-1-targeting strategies in HCC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengting Su
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Irshad R, Batool F, Raj N, Karim S, Alkreathy HM, Manzoor N, Husain M. Multi-targeted effects of D-carvone against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A network pharmacology-based study. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 487:116978. [PMID: 38795847 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a complex malignancy with a high degree of heterogeneity, representing approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. The treatment landscape for NSCLC has been revolutionised by incorporating targeted and immunotherapies; however, novel therapeutic modalities are consistently needed to enhance the treatment outcomes. Indeed, alternative anti-cancer therapies involving natural products have drawn the attention of clinicians and scientists owing to their remarkable chemopreventive potential, often displaying minimal toxicity. D-carvone (CN) is one such natural product that has exhibited numerous promising therapeutic benefits, yet its efficacy against NSCLC remains enigmatic. In the present study, network pharmacological studies and molecular docking in conjunction with in-vitro validation were used to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action of CN comprehensively. Different databases revealed a total of 77 putative anti-NSCLC targets of CN. The identified core targets were utilised to construct a "Compound- Target- Disease" network by Cytoscape (v3.9.0). Further analysis identified 5 core/ hub targets of CN including JAK2, ERK1, ESR1, GSK3B and HSP90AA1. Molecular docking indicated a strong binding interaction of the compound with these core targets. Also, Gene Ontology and KEGG analysis validated the involvement of multiple biological processes. Additionally, CN significantly inhibited cell proliferation, clonogenicity, and wound healing potential while promoting apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in H1299 and A549 cell lines as examined by flow cytometry, morphological assessment, and western blotting. In conclusion, this study delineates the therapeutic effects of CN on NSCLC, thus highlighting CN as a putative drug candidate for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Irshad
- Virology and Oncology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Faiqah Batool
- Virology and Oncology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Nafis Raj
- Medical Mycology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Shahid Karim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Mohammed Alkreathy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikhat Manzoor
- Medical Mycology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Husain
- Virology and Oncology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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240
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Hassanein EHM, Abdel-Reheim MA, Althagafy HS, Hemeda MS, Gad RA, Abdel-Sattar AR. Nifuroxazide attenuates indomethacin-induced renal injury by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 and cytoglobin and suppressing NADPH-oxidase, NF-κB, and JAK-1/STAT3 signals. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3985-3994. [PMID: 37994949 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Indomethacin (INDO) is an NSAID with remarkable efficacy and widespread utilization for alleviating pain. Nevertheless, renal function impairment is an adverse reaction linked to INDO usage. Nifuroxazide (NFX), an oral nitrofuran antibiotic, is frequently employed as an intestinal anti-infective agent. Our study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effects of NFX against INDO-induced nephrotoxicity and explore the protection mechanisms. Four groups of rats were allocated to (I) the normal control, (II) the NFX-treated (50 mg/kg), (III) INDO control (20 mg/kg), and (IV) NFX + INDO. NFX attenuates renal impairment in INDO-induced renal injury, proved by decreasing serum levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid, and NGAL while the albumin was elevated. NFX mitigates renal oxidative stress by decreasing MDA levels and restoring the antioxidants' GSH and SOD levels mediated by upregulating Nrf2, HO-1, and cytoglobin pathways. NFX mitigated renal inflammation and effectively decreased MPO, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels in the rat's kidney mediated by significant downregulation of NADPH-oxidase and NF-κB expression and suppression of JAK-1 and STAT3 phosphorylation. NFX mitigates renal apoptosis by decreasing the expression of cleaved caspase-3 expression. In conclusion, NFX treatment prevents INDO nephrotoxicity by regulating Nrf2/HO-1, cytoglobin, NADPH-oxidase, NF-κB, and JAK-1/STAT3 signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62521, Egypt.
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Hemeda
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Rania A Gad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef (NUB), Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Ramadan Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef (NUB), Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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241
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Nguyen HD, Hoang TL, Vu GH. An in silico investigation of the toxicological effects and biological activities of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid and its metabolite products. Xenobiotica 2024; 54:322-341. [PMID: 38833509 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2361457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to elucidate the toxic effects and biological activities of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA) and its metabolite products. Numerous in silico methods were used to identify the toxic effects and biological activities of 3PBA, including PASS online, molecular docking, ADMETlab 2.0, ADMESWISS, MetaTox, and molecular dynamic simulation. Ten metabolite products were identified via Phase II reactions (O-glucuronidation, O-sulfation, and methylation). All of the investigated compounds were followed by Lipinski's rule, indicating that they were stimulants or inducers of hazardous processes. Because of their high gastrointestinal absorption and ability to reach the blood-brain barrier, the studied compounds' physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties matched existing evidence of harmful effects, including haematemesis, reproductive dysfunction, allergic dermatitis, toxic respiration, and neurotoxicity. The studied compounds have been linked to the apoptotic pathway, the reproductivity system, neuroendocrine disruptors, phospholipid-translocating ATPase inhibitors, and JAK2 expression. An O-glucuronidation metabolite product demonstrated higher binding affinity and interaction with CYP2C9, CYP3A4, caspase 3, and caspase 8 than 3PBA and other metabolite products, whereas metabolite products from methylation were predominant and more toxic. Our in silico findings partly meet the 3Rs principle by minimizing animal testing before more study is needed to identify the detrimental effects of 3PBA on other organs (liver, kidneys). Future research directions may involve experimental validation of in silico predictions, elucidation of molecular mechanisms, and exploration of therapeutic interventions. These findings contribute to our understanding of the toxicological profile of 3PBA and its metabolites, which has implications for risk assessment and regulatory decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Private Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, USA
| | - Thuy Linh Hoang
- College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, CA, USA
| | - Giang Huong Vu
- Department of Public Heath, Hong Bang Health Center, Hai Phong, Vietnam
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242
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Sun G, Liu F, Lesany M, Nemati S. Comprehensive analysis of recently discovered lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA network in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155314. [PMID: 38696855 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) arises from the epithelium of the nasopharynx and is characterized by geography-dependent incidence. Despite the high mortality rate, specifically in some ethnic groups, the mechanisms underlying NPC pathogenesis are not thoroughly understood and there is an urgent need to detect the potential and clinically applicable biomarkers to ameliorate the overall survival rate and improve the prognosis of patients. In recent years, research has increasingly focused on the importance of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in cancer progression. LncRNAs play critical roles in regulating gene expression through mechanisms such as competitively binding to microRNAs (CeRNA). While numerous LncRNAs have been studied in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers have not been systematically examined. In the present study, we delve into elucidating the biological functions, molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance of newly identified LncRNAs that serve as sponges for different microRNAs in NPC. We highlight their regulatory mechanisms in promoting cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, and discuss their implications in diverse cancer-related signaling pathways. Our overall goal is to emboss the fundamental roles of LncRNA-mediated CeRNA networks in NPC progression, which may open up new avenues for determining the pathogenesis of NPC and developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochen Sun
- Otolaryngology Department, Zhejiang Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Province, Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Maryam Lesany
- Department of Biology, Kavian Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Nemati
- Department of Medical sciences, Ardabil branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
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243
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Speciale A, Molonia MS, Muscarà C, Cristani M, Salamone FL, Saija A, Cimino F. An overview on the cellular mechanisms of anthocyanins in maintaining intestinal integrity and function. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105953. [PMID: 38588905 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Structural and functional changes of the intestinal barrier, as a consequence of a number of (epi)genetic and environmental causes, have a main role in penetrations of pathogens and toxic agents, and lead to the development of inflammation-related pathological conditions, not only at the level of the GI tract but also in other extra-digestive tissues and organs. Anthocyanins (ACNs), a subclass of polyphenols belonging to the flavonoid group, are well known for their health-promoting properties and are widely distributed in the human diet. There is large evidence about the correlation between the human intake of ACN-rich products and a reduction of intestinal inflammation and dysfunction. Our review describes the more recent advances in the knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms through which ACNs can modulate the main mechanisms involved in intestinal dysfunction and inflammation, in particular the inhibition of the NF-κB, JNK, MAPK, STAT3, and TLR4 proinflammatory pathways, the upregulation of the Nrf2 transcription factor and the expression of tight junction proteins and mucins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Speciale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Maria Sofia Molonia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy; "Prof. Antonio Imbesi" Foundation, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy.
| | - Claudia Muscarà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Federica Lina Salamone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Antonella Saija
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
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Krishnamoorthy K, Natarajan SR, Veeraraghavan VP, Jayaraman S. Blueberry extract and its bioactive compounds mitigate oxidative stress and suppress human lung cancer cell (A549) growth by modulating the expression of p53/EGFR/STAT3/IL6-mediated signaling molecules. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4027. [PMID: 38715184 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive phytocompounds are crucial components in all plants. Since the time of traditional medicine, the utilization of plants has been grounded in the potential of these bioactive compounds to treat or manage specific illnesses. These natural bioactive compounds have sparked growing interest in employing medicinal plants for addressing various conditions, such as inflammatory diseases, diabetes, and cancer. This study focuses on assessing the qualitative phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and cytotoxic effects of blueberry (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus) extract using three different solvents, namely water, ethanol, and methanol. The extract exhibited notable antioxidant activities, as evidenced by DPPH and H2O2 free radical scavenging assays. The cell viability assay also demonstrated cell growth inhibition in A549 cells. Furthermore, nine specific phytocompounds sourced from existing literature were selected for molecular docking studies against CDK6 and, AMPK key protein kinases which enhance the cancer progression. The molecular docking results also revealed favorable binding scores, with a high score of -9.5 kcal/mol in CDK6 protein and a maximum score of AMPK with targets of -8.8 kcal/mol. The selected phytocompounds' pharmacodynamic properties such as ADMET also supported the study. Furthermore, rutin stated that pre-dominantly present in blueberry plants shows a potent cytotoxicity effect in A549 cells. Functional annotations by bioinformatic analysis for rutin also revealed the strong enrichment in the involvement of PI3K/AKT1/STAT, and p53 signaling pathways. Based on this analysis, the identified rutin and other compounds hold a promising anticancer activity. Overall, the comprehensive evaluation of both in vitro and in silico data suggests that the Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus extract could serve as a valuable source of pharmaceutical agents and may prove effective in future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaiselvi Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sathan Raj Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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245
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He P, Li Y, Hu J, Deng B, Tan Z, Chen Y, Yu B, Dong W. Pterostilbene suppresses gastric cancer proliferation and metastasis by inhibiting oncogenic JAK2/STAT3 signaling: In vitro and in vivo therapeutic intervention. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155316. [PMID: 38518635 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) represents a significant health burden with dire prognostic implications upon metastasis and recurrence. Pterostilbene (PTE) has been proven to have a strong ability to inhibit proliferation and metastasis in other cancers, while whether PTE exhibits anti-GC activity and its potential mechanism remain unclear. PURPOSE To explore the efficacy and potential mechanism of PTE in treating GC. METHODS We employed a comprehensive set of assays, including CCK-8, EdU staining, colony formation, flow cytometry, cell migration, and invasion assays, to detect the effect of PTE on the biological function of GC cells in vitro. The xenograft tumor model was established to evaluate the in vivo anti-GC activity of PTE. Network pharmacology was employed to predict PTE's potential targets and pathways within GC. Subsequently, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were utilized to analyze protein levels related to the cell cycle, EMT, and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. RESULTS Our study demonstrated strong inhibitory effects of PTE on GC cells both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, PTE significantly induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 and S phases and suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. In vivo, PTE led to a dose-dependent reduction in tumor volume and weight. Importantly, PTE exhibited notable safety, leaving mouse weight, liver function, and kidney function unaffected. The involvement of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in PTE's anti-GC effect was predicted utilizing network pharmacology. PTE suppressed JAK2 kinase activity by binding to the JH1 kinase structural domain and inhibited the downstream STAT3 signaling pathway. Western blotting confirmed PTE's inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and EMT-associated protein levels. The anti-GC effect was partially reversed upon STAT3 activation, validating the pivotal role of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in PTE's activity. CONCLUSION Our investigation validates the potent inhibitory effects of PTE on the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells. Importantly, we present novel evidence implicating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway as the key mechanism through which PTE exerts its anti-GC activity. These findings not only establish the basis for considering PTE as a promising lead compound for GC therapeutics but also contribute significantly to our comprehension of the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying its exceptional anti-cancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yangbo Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiaming Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Beiying Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zongbiao Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Baoping Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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246
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Kim CY, Lee EB, Youn Oh J. Long-Term Outcome of Tofacitinib Treatment for Systemic Autoimmune Disease-Associated Refractory Scleritis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38820228 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2359001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the long-term outcome of three refractory anterior scleritis cases successfully treated with tofacitinib, a Janus-associated kinase inhibitor. METHODS Three patients with systemic autoimmune disease-associated anterior scleritis (two with rheumatoid arthritis and one with systemic lupus erythematosus), resistant to conventional immunomodulatory therapy, were subsequently treated with tofacitinib (10 mg/day). RESULTS Tofacitinib resulted in complete resolution of scleritis in all patients. During the 39-78 months of follow-up, no recurrence of scleritis occurred, and no adverse effects associated with tofacitinib were noted. At the last follow-up, all patients were free of scleritis with two patients receiving tofacitinib monotherapy and one without. CONCLUSION Tofacitinib can be a safe and effective treatment for noninfectious refractory scleritis, warranting further investigation in large clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Young Kim
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Bong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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247
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Pasamba EC, Orda MA, Villanueva BHA, Tsai PW, Tayo LL. Transcriptomic Analysis of Hub Genes Reveals Associated Inflammatory Pathways in Estrogen-Dependent Gynecological Diseases. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:397. [PMID: 38927277 PMCID: PMC11201105 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Gynecological diseases are triggered by aberrant molecular pathways that alter gene expression, hormonal balance, and cellular signaling pathways, which may lead to long-term physiological consequences. This study was able to identify highly preserved modules and key hub genes that are mainly associated with gynecological diseases, represented by endometriosis (EM), ovarian cancer (OC), cervical cancer (CC), and endometrial cancer (EC), through the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of microarray datasets sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Five highly preserved modules were observed across the EM (GSE51981), OC (GSE63885), CC (GSE63514), and EC (GSE17025) datasets. The functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the highly preserved modules were heavily involved in several inflammatory pathways that are associated with transcription dysregulation, such as NF-kB signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, MAPK-ERK signaling, and mTOR signaling pathways. Furthermore, the results also include pathways that are relevant in gynecological disease prognosis through viral infections. Mutations in the ESR1 gene that encodes for ERα, which were shown to also affect signaling pathways involved in inflammation, further indicate its importance in gynecological disease prognosis. Potential drugs were screened through the Drug Repurposing Encyclopedia (DRE) based on the up-and downregulated hub genes, wherein a bacterial ribosomal subunit inhibitor and a benzodiazepine receptor agonist were the top candidates. Other drug candidates include a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, glucocorticoid receptor agonists, cholinergic receptor agonists, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, sterol demethylase inhibitors, a bacterial antifolate, and serotonin receptor antagonist drugs which have known anti-inflammatory effects, demonstrating that the gene network highlights specific inflammatory pathways as a therapeutic avenue in designing drug candidates for gynecological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine C. Pasamba
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (E.C.P.); (M.A.O.); (B.H.A.V.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
| | - Marco A. Orda
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (E.C.P.); (M.A.O.); (B.H.A.V.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
| | - Brian Harvey Avanceña Villanueva
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (E.C.P.); (M.A.O.); (B.H.A.V.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Lemmuel L. Tayo
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (E.C.P.); (M.A.O.); (B.H.A.V.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
- Department of Biology, School of Health Sciences, Mapúa University, Makati City 1203, Philippines
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248
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Park JH, Mortaja M, Son HG, Zhao X, Sloat LM, Azin M, Wang J, Collier MR, Tummala KS, Mandinova A, Bardeesy N, Semenov YR, Mino-Kenudson M, Demehri S. Statin prevents cancer development in chronic inflammation by blocking interleukin 33 expression. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4099. [PMID: 38816352 PMCID: PMC11139893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48441-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a major cause of cancer worldwide. Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a critical initiator of cancer-prone chronic inflammation; however, its induction mechanism by environmental causes of chronic inflammation is unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that Toll-like receptor (TLR)3/4-TBK1-IRF3 pathway activation links environmental insults to IL-33 induction in the skin and pancreas inflammation. An FDA-approved drug library screen identifies pitavastatin to effectively suppress IL-33 expression by blocking TBK1 membrane recruitment/activation through the mevalonate pathway inhibition. Accordingly, pitavastatin prevents chronic pancreatitis and its cancer sequela in an IL-33-dependent manner. The IRF3-IL-33 axis is highly active in chronic pancreatitis and its associated pancreatic cancer in humans. Interestingly, pitavastatin use correlates with a significantly reduced risk of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in patients. Our findings demonstrate that blocking the TBK1-IRF3-IL-33 signaling axis suppresses cancer-prone chronic inflammation. Statins present a safe and effective prophylactic strategy to prevent chronic inflammation and its cancer sequela.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Ho Park
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Mahsa Mortaja
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heehwa G Son
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xutu Zhao
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren M Sloat
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marjan Azin
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Collier
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krishna S Tummala
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna Mandinova
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nabeel Bardeesy
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yevgeniy R Semenov
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shadmehr Demehri
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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249
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Li Y, Sun H, Bai C, Hu Y, Tang J, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhong Z, He Y, Hu K, Yang J. Dihydroartemisinin inhibits tumor progress via blocking ROR1-induced STAT3-activation in non-small cell lung cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112157. [PMID: 38678671 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), identifying a component with certain molecular targets can aid research on cancer treatment. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin which induced the anti-cancer effects via the STAT3 signaling pathway, but the underlying molecular mechanism is still elusive. In this study, we first proved that DHA prohibits the growth of tumors both in vitro and in vivo. Data from transcriptomics showed that DHA reduced the expression level of the genes involved in cell cycle-promoting and anti-apoptosis, and most importantly, DHA restricted the expression level of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) which has been reported to have abnormal expression on tumor cells and had close interaction with STAT3 signaling. Then, we performed comprehensive experiments and found that DHA remarkably decreased the expression of ROR1 at both mRNA and protein levels and it also diminished the phosphorylation level of STAT3 in NSCLC cell lines. In addition, our data showed that exogenously introduced ROR1 could significantly enhance the phosphorylation of STAT3 while blocking ROR1 had the opposite effects indicating that ROR1 plays a critical role in promoting the activity of STAT3 signaling. Finally, we found that ROR1 overexpression could partially reverse the decreased activity of STAT3 induced by DHA which indicates that DHA-induced anti-growth signaling is conferred, at least in part, through blocking ROR1-mediated STAT3 activation. In summary, our study indicates that in NSCLC, ROR1 could be one of the critical molecular targets mediating DHA-induced STAT3 retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Haoyi Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Caihong Bai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Youfan Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Jingyi Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Jilan Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Zhanqiong Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Yuping He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Jiahui Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
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250
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Sah D, Shoffel-Havakuk H, Tsur N, Uhelski ML, Gottumukkala V, Cata JP. Opioids and Cancer: Current Understanding and Clinical Considerations. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:3086-3098. [PMID: 38920719 PMCID: PMC11203256 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31060235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is one of the most common symptoms in patients with cancer. Pain not only negatively affects the quality of life of patients with cancer, but it has also been associated with reduced survival. Pain management is therefore a critical component of cancer care. Prescription opioids remain the first-line approach for the management of moderate-to-severe pain associated with cancer. However, there has been increasing interest in understanding whether these analgesics could impact cancer progression. Furthermore, epidemiological data link a possible association between prescription opioid usage and cancer development. Until more robust evidence is available, patients with cancer with moderate-to-severe pain may receive opioids to decrease suffering. However, future studies should be conducted to evaluate the role of opioids and opioid receptors in specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Sah
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.S.); (V.G.)
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group (ASORG), Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hagit Shoffel-Havakuk
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tiqva 4941492, Israel; (H.S.-H.); (N.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Nir Tsur
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tiqva 4941492, Israel; (H.S.-H.); (N.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Megan L. Uhelski
- Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Vijaya Gottumukkala
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.S.); (V.G.)
| | - Juan P. Cata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.S.); (V.G.)
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group (ASORG), Houston, TX 77030, USA
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