201
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Rasmussen EMK, Seier KL, Pedersen IK, Kreibich C, Amdam GV, Münch D, Dahl JA. Screening bioactive food compounds in honey bees suggests curcumin blocks alcohol-induced damage to longevity and DNA methylation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19156. [PMID: 34580381 PMCID: PMC8476562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Various bioactive food compounds may confer health and longevity benefits, possibly through altering or preserving the epigenome. While bioactive food compounds are widely being marketed for human consumption as 'improving health and longevity' by counteracting harmful effects of poor nutrition and lifestyle, claimed effects are often not adequately documented. Using the honey bee (Apis mellifera) as a model species, we here employed a multi-step screening approach to investigate seven compounds for effects on lifespan and DNA methylation using ELISA and whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). A positive longevity effect was detected for valproic acid, isovaleric acid, and cyanocobalamin. For curcumin, we found that lifespan shortening caused by ethanol intake, was restored when curcumin and ethanol were co-administered. Furthermore, we identified region specific DNA methylation changes as a result of ethanol intake. Ethanol specific changes in DNA methylation were fully or partially blocked in honey bees receiving ethanol and curcumin together. Ethanol-affected and curcumin-blocked differentially methylated regions covered genes involved in fertility, temperature regulation and tubulin transport. Our results demonstrate fundamental negative effects of low dose ethanol consumption on lifespan and associated DNA methylation changes and present a proof-of-principle on how longevity and DNA methylation changes can be negated by the bioactive food component curcumin. Our findings provide a fundament for further studies of curcumin in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik M K Rasmussen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433, Aas, Norway.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433, Aas, Norway.
| | - Kristine L Seier
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433, Aas, Norway
- Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3004, Drammen, Norway
| | - Ingrid K Pedersen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433, Aas, Norway
- Institute for Energy Technology, 2007, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Claus Kreibich
- Faculty of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433, Aas, Norway
| | - Gro V Amdam
- Faculty of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433, Aas, Norway
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel Münch
- Faculty of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433, Aas, Norway.
- Animalia - Norwegian Meat and Poultry Research Centre, 0513, Oslo, Norway.
| | - John Arne Dahl
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway.
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202
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Karoor V, Strassheim D, Sullivan T, Verin A, Umapathy NS, Dempsey EC, Frank DN, Stenmark KR, Gerasimovskaya E. The Short-Chain Fatty Acid Butyrate Attenuates Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling and Inflammation in Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9916. [PMID: 34576081 PMCID: PMC8467617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive cardiovascular disorder in which local vascular inflammation leads to increased pulmonary vascular remodeling and ultimately to right heart failure. The HDAC inhibitor butyrate, a product of microbial fermentation, is protective in inflammatory intestinal diseases, but little is known regarding its effect on extraintestinal diseases, such as PH. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that butyrate is protective in a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model of hypoxic PH. Treatment with butyrate (220 mg/kg intake) prevented hypoxia-induced right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), hypoxia-induced increases in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), pulmonary vascular remodeling, and permeability. A reversal effect of butyrate (2200 mg/kg intake) was observed on elevated RVH. Butyrate treatment also increased the acetylation of histone H3, 25-34 kDa, and 34-50 kDa proteins in the total lung lysates of butyrate-treated animals. In addition, butyrate decreased hypoxia-induced accumulation of alveolar (mostly CD68+) and interstitial (CD68+ and CD163+) lung macrophages. Analysis of cytokine profiles in lung tissue lysates showed a hypoxia-induced upregulation of TIMP-1, CINC-1, and Fractalkine and downregulation of soluble ICAM (sICAM). The expression of Fractalkine and VEGFα, but not CINC-1, TIMP-1, and sICAM was downregulated by butyrate. In rat microvascular endothelial cells (RMVEC), butyrate (1 mM, 2 and 24 h) exhibited a protective effect against TNFα- and LPS-induced barrier disruption. Butyrate (1 mM, 24 h) also upregulated tight junctional proteins (occludin, cingulin, claudin-1) and increased the acetylation of histone H3 but not α-tubulin. These findings provide evidence of the protective effect of butyrate on hypoxic PH and suggest its potential use as a complementary treatment for PH and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Karoor
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (V.K.); (D.S.); (T.S.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Derek Strassheim
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (V.K.); (D.S.); (T.S.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Timothy Sullivan
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (V.K.); (D.S.); (T.S.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Alexander Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (A.V.); (N.S.U.)
| | - Nagavedi S. Umapathy
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (A.V.); (N.S.U.)
- Center for Blood Disorders, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Edward C. Dempsey
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (V.K.); (D.S.); (T.S.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA;
| | - Kurt R. Stenmark
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (V.K.); (D.S.); (T.S.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA
| | - Evgenia Gerasimovskaya
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (V.K.); (D.S.); (T.S.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA
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203
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Zhu LB, Zhang YC, Huang HH, Lin J. Prospects for clinical applications of butyrate-producing bacteria. World J Clin Pediatr 2021; 10:84-92. [PMID: 34616650 PMCID: PMC8465514 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v10.i5.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the major source of energy for colonic mucosal cells and as an important regulator of gene expression, inflammation, differentiation, and apoptosis in host cells, microbiota-derived butyrate can enhance the intestinal mucosal immune barrier, modulate systemic immune response, and prevent infections. Maintaining a certain level of butyrate production in the gut can help balance intestinal microbiota, regulate host immune response, and promote the development and maintenance of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Butyrate-producing bacteria act as probiotics and play important roles in a variety of normal biological functions. Bacteriotherapeutic supplementation by using fecal microbiota transplantation to restore butyrate-producing commensal bacteria in the gut has been very successful in the treatment of recurrent and refractory Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection or C. difficile-negative nosocomial diarrhea. Administration of probiotics that include butyrate-producing bacteria may have a role in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases and in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis in premature infants. Furthermore, modulating gut microbiota with dietary approaches may improve intestinal dysbiosis commonly seen in patients with obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Supplementation with a butyrate-producing bacterial stain might be used to increase energy expenditure, improve insulin sensitivity, and to help control obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Bin Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Han-Hui Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
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204
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Smith SA, Ogawa SA, Chau L, Whelan KA, Hamilton KE, Chen J, Tan L, Chen EZ, Keilbaugh S, Fogt F, Bewtra M, Braun J, Xavier RJ, Clish CB, Slaff B, Weljie AM, Bushman FD, Lewis JD, Li H, Master SR, Bennett MJ, Nakagawa H, Wu GD. Mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease alters intestinal epithelial metabolism of hepatic acylcarnitines. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:133371. [PMID: 33141762 DOI: 10.1172/jci133371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As the interface between the gut microbiota and the mucosal immune system, there has been great interest in the maintenance of colonic epithelial integrity through mitochondrial oxidation of butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced by the gut microbiota. Herein, we showed that the intestinal epithelium could also oxidize long-chain fatty acids, and that luminally delivered acylcarnitines in bile could be consumed via apical absorption by the intestinal epithelium, resulting in mitochondrial oxidation. Finally, intestinal inflammation led to mitochondrial dysfunction in the apical domain of the surface epithelium that may reduce the consumption of fatty acids, contributing to higher concentrations of fecal acylcarnitines in murine Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis and human inflammatory bowel disease. These results emphasized the importance of both the gut microbiota and the liver in the delivery of energy substrates for mitochondrial metabolism by the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Smith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sayaka A Ogawa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lillian Chau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kelly A Whelan
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathryn E Hamilton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lu Tan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric Z Chen
- Department of Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sue Keilbaugh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Franz Fogt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Meenakshi Bewtra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonathan Braun
- Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Barry Slaff
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aalim M Weljie
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Frederic D Bushman
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James D Lewis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen R Master
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael J Bennett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gary D Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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205
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Peng L, Liu X, Yang Y, Guo Q, Zhong T. Histone Deacetylase 2-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation is Involved in the Early Isoflurane Exposure-Related Increase in Susceptibility to Anxiety-Like Behaviour Evoked by Chronic Variable Stress in Mice. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2333-2347. [PMID: 34101131 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Increasing studies report that prolonged or multiple anaesthetic exposures early in life are associated with detrimental effects on brain function. Although studies have evaluated the detrimental effects on neurocognitive function, few have focused on long-term neuropsychiatric effects. In the present study, C57BL/6 mice received either three neonatal isoflurane exposures or control exposure. Starting on postnatal day 45, the mice were either exposed or not to a chronic variable stress (CVS) paradigm, and CVS-related neuropsychiatric performance was evaluated using a series of behavioural tests. The expression levels of histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation (acetyl-H3K9), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element-binding protein-binding protein, and histone deacetylases 1-4 in the amygdala were measured by immunoblotting or immunohistochemistry analysis. In mice with neonatal isoflurane exposure, the effects of sodium butyrate (NaB), a commonly used HDAC inhibitor, were examined on CVS-related behavioural and molecular alterations. The results showed that repeated neonatal isoflurane exposure did not affect innate depression-like and anxiety-like behaviours under non-stress conditions but facilitated the CVS-induced anxiety-like behavioural phenotype. Increased HDAC2 expression in the amygdala was associated with an increase in the CVS-induced repression of acetyl-H3K9 and BDNF expression and an enhanced CVS-evoked anxiety-like behavioural phenotype in mice neonatal isoflurane exposure. NaB significantly decreased the CVS-induced anxiety level by elevating acetyl-H3K9 and BDNF expression. These results suggested that early anaesthesia exposure facilitated chronic stress-induced neuropsychiatric outcomes, and the HDAC2-related epigenetic dysregulation of BDNF gene expression is involved in the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luofang Peng
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road, 87#, Changsha City, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Operating Theatre Services, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road, 87#, Changsha City, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Operating Theatre Services, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road, 87#, Changsha City, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Teaching and Research Section of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Operating Theatre Services, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road, 87#, Changsha City, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Teaching and Research Section of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Operating Theatre Services, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road, 87#, Changsha City, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Teaching and Research Section of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Operating Theatre Services, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road, 87#, Changsha City, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Teaching and Research Section of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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206
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Lim JJ, Dutta M, Dempsey JL, Lehmler HJ, MacDonald J, Bammler T, Walker C, Kavanagh TJ, Gu H, Mani S, Cui JY. Neonatal Exposure to BPA, BDE-99, and PCB Produces Persistent Changes in Hepatic Transcriptome Associated With Gut Dysbiosis in Adult Mouse Livers. Toxicol Sci 2021; 184:83-103. [PMID: 34453844 PMCID: PMC8557404 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that complex diseases can result from early life exposure to environmental toxicants. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and remain a continuing risk to human health despite being banned from production. Developmental BPA exposure mediated-adult onset of liver cancer via epigenetic reprogramming mechanisms has been identified. Here, we investigated whether the gut microbiome and liver can be persistently reprogrammed following neonatal exposure to POPs, and the associations between microbial biomarkers and disease-prone changes in the hepatic transcriptome in adulthood, compared with BPA. C57BL/6 male and female mouse pups were orally administered vehicle, BPA, BDE-99 (a breast milk-enriched PBDE congener), or the Fox River PCB mixture (PCBs), once daily for three consecutive days (postnatal days [PND] 2-4). Tissues were collected at PND5 and PND60. Among the three chemicals investigated, early life exposure to BDE-99 produced the most prominent developmental reprogramming of the gut-liver axis, including hepatic inflammatory and cancer-prone signatures. In adulthood, neonatal BDE-99 exposure resulted in a persistent increase in Akkermansia muciniphila throughout the intestine, accompanied by increased hepatic levels of acetate and succinate, the known products of A. muciniphila. In males, this was positively associated with permissive epigenetic marks H3K4me1 and H3K27, which were enriched in loci near liver cancer-related genes that were dysregulated following neonatal exposure to BDE-99. Our findings provide novel insights that early life exposure to POPs can have a life-long impact on disease risk, which may partly be regulated by the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Jongpyo Lim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Moumita Dutta
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joseph L Dempsey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Center for Microbiome Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - James MacDonald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Theo Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cheryl Walker
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Terrance J Kavanagh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Pheonix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. E-mail:
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207
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Markazi A, Meng W, Bracci PM, McGrath MS, Gao SJ. The Role of Bacteria in KSHV Infection and KSHV-Induced Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174269. [PMID: 34503079 PMCID: PMC8428360 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of this article is to review the complex interactions of bacteria with Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection and KSHV-induced cancers. KSHV is causally associated with multiple cancers including Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma. Among patients coinfected by HIV and KSHV, patients with KS have a distinct oral microbiome compared to patients without KS. Moreover, KSHV patients have increased levels of salivary bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns compared to KSHV-negative patients. KSHV-associated bacterial species can increase KSHV replication and dissemination, and enhance cell proliferation of KSHV-transformed cells. The analysis of bacterial biomarkers associated with KSHV may help improve our understanding of the mechanisms driving KSHV-induced oncogenesis and identify novel targets for improving therapies of KSHV-related cancers. Abstract The objective of this article is to review the current status of the bacteria-virus interplay in Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection and KSHV-driven cancers. KSHV is the etiological agent of several cancers, including Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma. Due to immunosuppression, patients with KSHV are at an increased risk for bacterial infections. Moreover, among patients coinfected by HIV and KSHV, patients with KS have distinct oral microbiota compared to non-KS patients. Bacterial biomarkers associated with KSHV-driven cancers can provide insights in discerning the mechanisms of KSHV-induced oncogenesis. For example, pathogen-associated molecular patterns and bacterial products of certain bacterial species can regulate the expression of KSHV lytic and latent genes, thereby affecting viral replication and dissemination. In addition, infection with distinct opportunistic bacterial species have been associated with increased cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in KSHV-induced cancers through activation of pro-survival and -mitogenic cell signaling pathways. By elucidating the various mechanisms in which bacteria affect KSHV-associated pathogenesis, we will be able to pinpoint therapeutic targets for KSHV infection and KSHV-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Markazi
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.M.); (W.M.)
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Wen Meng
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.M.); (W.M.)
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Paige M. Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA;
| | - Michael S. McGrath
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pathology and Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Shou-Jiang Gao
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.M.); (W.M.)
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Correspondence:
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208
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Rodríguez-Enríquez S, Robledo-Cadena DX, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Pacheco-Velázquez SC, Vázquez C, Saavedra E, Vargas-Navarro JL, Blanco-Carpintero BA, Marín-Hernández Á, Jasso-Chávez R, Encalada R, Ruiz-Godoy L, Aguilar-Ponce JL, Moreno-Sánchez R. Acetate Promotes a Differential Energy Metabolic Response in Human HCT 116 and COLO 205 Colon Cancer Cells Impacting Cancer Cell Growth and Invasiveness. Front Oncol 2021; 11:697408. [PMID: 34414111 PMCID: PMC8370060 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.697408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Under dysbiosis, a gut metabolic disorder, short-chain carboxylic acids (SCCAs) are secreted to the lumen, affecting colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Butyrate and propionate act as CRC growth inhibitors, but they might also serve as carbon source. In turn, the roles of acetate as metabolic fuel and protein acetylation promoter have not been clearly elucidated. To assess whether acetate favors CRC growth through active mitochondrial catabolism, a systematic study evaluating acetate thiokinase (AcK), energy metabolism, cell proliferation, and invasiveness was performed in two CRC cell lines incubated with physiological SCCAs concentrations. In COLO 205, acetate (+glucose) increased the cell density (50%), mitochondrial protein content (3–10 times), 2-OGDH acetylation, and oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) flux (36%), whereas glycolysis remained unchanged vs. glucose-cultured cells; the acetate-induced OxPhos activation correlated with a high AcK activity, content, and acetylation (1.5–6-fold). In contrast, acetate showed no effect on HCT116 cell growth, OxPhos, AcK activity, protein content, and acetylation. However, a substantial increment in the HIF-1α content, HIF-1α-glycolytic protein targets (1–2.3 times), and glycolytic flux (64%) was observed. Butyrate and propionate decreased the growth of both CRC cells by impairing OxPhos flux through mitophagy and mitochondrial fragmentation activation. It is described, for the first time, the role of acetate as metabolic fuel for ATP supply in CRC COLO 205 cells to sustain proliferation, aside from its well-known role as protein epigenetic regulator. The level of AcK determined in COLO 205 cells was similar to that found in human CRC biopsies, showing its potential role as metabolic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Citlali Vázquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, México, Mexico
| | - Emma Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, México, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Rusely Encalada
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, México, Mexico
| | - Luz Ruiz-Godoy
- Banco de Tumores, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México, Mexico
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209
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Mody D, Verma V, Rani V. Modulating host gene expression via gut microbiome-microRNA interplay to treat human diseases. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:596-611. [PMID: 34407384 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1907739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract hosts trillions of microbial inhabitants involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, dysbiosis of which provokes a motley of pathogenic and autoimmune disorders. While the mechanisms by which the microbiota modulates human health are manifold, their liberated metabolites from ingested dietary supplements play a crucial role by bidirectionally regulating the expression of micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs). miRNAs are small endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that have been confirmed to be involved in an interplay with microbiota to regulate host gene expression. This comprehensive review focuses on key principles of miRNAs, their regulation, and crosstalk with gut microbiota to influence host gene expression in various human disorders, by bringing together important recent findings centric around miRNA-microbiota interactions in diseases along various axis of the gut with other organs. We also attempt to lay emphasis on exploiting the avenues of gut-directed miRNA therapeutics using rudimentary dietary supplements to regulate abnormal host gene expression in diseases, opening doors to an accessible and economical therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepansh Mody
- Transcriptome Laboratory, Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, UP, India
| | - Vedika Verma
- Transcriptome Laboratory, Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, UP, India
| | - Vibha Rani
- Transcriptome Laboratory, Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, UP, India
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210
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Adesina PA, Isayama K, Sitolo GC, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Propionate and Dietary Fermentable Fibers Upregulate Intestinal Heat Shock protein70 in Intestinal Caco-2 Cells and Mouse Colon. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8460-8470. [PMID: 34291640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including propionate, are major metabolites of intestinal microorganisms and play an essential role in regulating intestinal epithelial integrity. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) promote cellular homeostasis under physiological and stressed conditions. This study aimed to investigate the regulation of intestinal HSP70 by propionate in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the colon of fermentable dietary fiber (DF)-fed mice and germ-free mice. The results showed that propionate increased Hspa1a (HSP70 mRNA) level in Caco-2 cells, upregulated HSP70 protein, and phosphorylation of heat shock factor 1; however, the latter two were reduced by mitogen-activated protein kinases and the mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors. Feeding fermentable DFs, such as guar gum (GG) and partially hydrolyzed GG, increased both cecal SCFAs and colonic HSP70 expression, both of which were reduced in germ-free mice than in specific-pathogen-free mice. Collectively, the propionate-induced HSP70 expression was shown to be possibly involved in intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Precious Adedayo Adesina
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Kana Isayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Gertrude Cynthia Sitolo
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
- Department of Physics and Biochemical Sciences, Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences, Private Bag 303, Chichiri Blantyre 3, Malawi
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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211
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The Leucine Catabolite and Dietary Supplement β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) as an Epigenetic Regulator in Muscle Progenitor Cells. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080512. [PMID: 34436453 PMCID: PMC8399199 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) is a natural catabolite of leucine deemed to play a role in amino acid signaling and the maintenance of lean muscle mass. Accordingly, HMB is used as a dietary supplement by sportsmen and has shown some clinical effectiveness in preventing muscle wasting in cancer and chronic lung disease, as well as in age-dependent sarcopenia. However, the molecular cascades underlying these beneficial effects are largely unknown. HMB bears a significant structural similarity with Butyrate and β-Hydroxybutyrate (βHB), two compounds recognized for important epigenetic and histone-marking activities in multiple cell types including muscle cells. We asked whether similar chromatin-modifying actions could be assigned to HMB as well. Exposure of murine C2C12 myoblasts to millimolar concentrations of HMB led to an increase in global histone acetylation, as monitored by anti-acetylated lysine immunoblotting, while preventing myotube differentiation. In these effects, HMB resembled, although with less potency, the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Sodium Butyrate. However, initial studies did not confirm a direct inhibitory effect of HMB on HDACs in vitro. β-Hydroxybutyrate, a ketone body produced by the liver during starvation or intense exercise, has a modest effect on histone acetylation of C2C12 cells or in vitro HDAC inhibitor activities, and, unlike Butyrate and HMB, did not interfere with myotube formation in a myoblast differentiation assay. Instead, βHB dramatically increased lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) of histone tails, an epigenetic mark associated with fasting responses and muscle catabolic states. However, when C2C12 cells were exposed to βHB in the presence of equimolar HMB this chromatin modification was drastically reduced, pointing to a role for HMB in attenuating ketosis-associated muscle wasting. In conclusion, while their mechanistic underpinnings remain to be clarified, these preliminary observations highlight novel and potentially important activities of HMB as an epigenetic regulator and βHB antagonist in muscle precursor cells, to be further explored in their biomedical implications.
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212
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Bubier JA, Chesler EJ, Weinstock GM. Host genetic control of gut microbiome composition. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:263-281. [PMID: 34159422 PMCID: PMC8295090 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in health and disease, and there is mounting evidence indicating that the microbial composition is regulated in part by host genetics. Heritability estimates for microbial abundance in mice and humans range from (0.05-0.45), indicating that 5-45% of inter-individual variation can be explained by genetics. Through twin studies, genetic association studies, systems genetics, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), hundreds of specific host genetic loci have been shown to associate with the abundance of discrete gut microbes. Using genetically engineered knock-out mice, at least 30 specific genes have now been validated as having specific effects on the microbiome. The relationships among of host genetics, microbiome composition, and abundance, and disease is now beginning to be unraveled through experiments designed to test causality. The genetic control of disease and its relationship to the microbiome can manifest in multiple ways. First, a genetic variant may directly cause the disease phenotype, resulting in an altered microbiome as a consequence of the disease phenotype. Second, a genetic variant may alter gene expression in the host, which in turn alters the microbiome, producing the disease phenotype. Finally, the genetic variant may alter the microbiome directly, which can result in the disease phenotype. In order to understand the processes that underlie the onset and progression of certain diseases, future research must take into account the relationship among host genetics, microbiome, and disease phenotype, and the resources needed to study these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bubier
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA.
| | - Elissa J Chesler
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
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213
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Mohammadi-Farani A, Limoee M, Shirooie S. Sodium butyrate enhances fear extinction and rescues hippocampal acetylcholinesterase activity in a rat model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behav Pharmacol 2021; 32:413-421. [PMID: 33883448 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
It is believed that impaired extinction of fear memories is an underlying cause for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are enzymes that modulate extinction by changing the chromatin structure and altering protein synthesis in the brain. Studies show that stress modifies both HDAC activity and cerebral cholinergic neurotransmission. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of sodium butyrate (NaBu), an HDAC inhibitor, on behavioral markers of extinction and biochemical changes in HDAC and acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus. NaBu was administered for 7 days in a group of rats that were exposed to single prolonged stress (SPS), as a model for PTSD. Contextual fear conditioning was performed on the 8th day, and fear extinction was measured in the next 4 consecutive days. Other behavioral tests to measure anxiety, locomotor activity and working memory were performed for further interpretation of the results. Hippocampal acetylcholinesterase and HDAC activity were also measured through biochemical tests. Behavioral results showed that treatment with NaBu can reverse the SPS-induced extinction deficits. Biochemical data indicated that while SPS induced overactivity in hippocampal HDAC, it decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in the region. Both effects were reversed after NaBu treatment. It seems that at least part of extinction deficiency in SPS exposed rats is related to hypoacetylation of acetylcholinesterase in the hippocampus. Preemptive therapy with an HDAC inhibitor reverses this process and is worth further evaluation as a possible therapeutic approach in PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mohammadi-Farani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Health Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy
| | - Mazdak Limoee
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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214
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Kibbie JJ, Dillon SM, Thompson TA, Purba CM, McCarter MD, Wilson CC. Butyrate directly decreases human gut lamina propria CD4 T cell function through histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition and GPR43 signaling. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152126. [PMID: 34365090 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An important function of the gut microbiome is the fermentation of non-digestible dietary fibers into short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The three primary SCFAs: acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are key mediators of metabolism and immune cell function in the gut mucosa. We previously demonstrated that butyrate at high concentrations decreased human gut lamina propria (LP) CD4 T cell activation in response to enteric bacteria exposure in vitro. However, to date, the mechanism by which butyrate alters human gut LP CD4 T cell activation remains unknown. In this current study, we sought to better understand how exposure to SCFAs across a concentration range impacted human gut LP CD4 T cell function and activation. LP CD4 T cells were directly activated with T cell receptor (TCR) beads in vitro in the presence of a physiologic concentration range of each of the primary SCFAs. Exposure to butyrate potently inhibited CD4 T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine (IFNγ, IL-17) production in a concentration dependent manner. Butyrate decreased the proliferation and cytokine production of T helper (Th) 1, Th17 and Th22 cells, with differences noted in the sensitivity of LP versus peripheral blood Th cells to butyrate's effects. Higher concentrations of propionate and acetate relative to butyrate were required to inhibit CD4 T cell activation and proliferation. Butyrate directly increased the acetylation of both unstimulated and TCR-stimulated CD4 T cells, and apicidin, a Class I histone deacetylase inhibitor, phenocopied butyrate's effects on CD4 T cell proliferation and activation. GPR43 agonism phenocopied butyrate's effect on CD4 T cell proliferation whereas a GPR109a agonist did not. Our findings indicate that butyrate decreases in vitro human gut LP CD4 T cell activation, proliferation, and inflammatory cytokine production more potently than other SCFAs, likely through butyrate's ability to increase histone acetylation, and potentially via signaling through GPR43. These findings have relevance in furthering our understanding of how perturbations of the gut microbiome alter local immune responses in the gut mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon J Kibbie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephanie M Dillon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tezha A Thompson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christine M Purba
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Martin D McCarter
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cara C Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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215
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Gurry T, Nguyen LTT, Yu X, Alm EJ. Functional heterogeneity in the fermentation capabilities of the healthy human gut microbiota. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254004. [PMID: 34288919 PMCID: PMC8294568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is known for its highly heterogeneous composition across different individuals. However, relatively little is known about functional differences in its ability to ferment complex polysaccharides. Through ex vivo measurements from healthy human donors, we show that individuals vary markedly in their microbial metabolic phenotypes (MMPs), mirroring differences in their microbiota composition, and resulting in the production of different quantities and proportions of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) from the same inputs. We also show that aspects of these MMPs can be predicted from composition using 16S rRNA sequencing. From experiments performed using the same dietary fibers in vivo, we demonstrate that an ingested bolus of fiber is almost entirely consumed by the microbiota upon passage. We leverage our ex vivo data to construct a model of SCFA production and absorption in vivo, and argue that inter-individual differences in quantities of absorbed SCFA are directly related to differences in production. Though in vivo studies are required to confirm these data in the context of the gut, in addition to in vivo read outs of SCFAs produced in response to specific fiber spike-ins, these data suggest that optimizing SCFA production in a given individual through targeted fiber supplementation requires quantitative understanding of their MMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gurry
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Le Thanh Tu Nguyen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Eric J. Alm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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216
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Ye Q, Zeng X, Wang S, Zeng X, Yang G, Ye C, Cai S, Chen M, Li S, Qiao S. Butyrate drives the acetylation of histone H3K9 to activate steroidogenesis through PPARγ and PGC1α pathways in ovarian granulosa cells. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21316. [PMID: 33433947 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000444r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining ovarian steroidogenesis is of critical importance, considering that steroid hormones are required for successful establishment and maintenance of pregnancy and proper development of embryos and fetuses. Investigating the mechanism that butyrate modulates the ovarian steroidogenesis is beneficial for understanding the impact of lipid nutrition on steroidogenesis. Herein, we identified that butyrate improved estradiol and progesterone synthesis in rat primary ovarian granulosa cells and human granulosa KGN cells and discovered the related mechanism. Our data indicated that butyrate was sensed by GPR41 and GPR43 in ovarian granulosa cells. Butyrate primarily upregulated the acetylation of histone H3K9 (H3K9ac). Chromatin immune-precipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq) data of H3K9ac revealed the influenced pathways involving in the mitochondrial function (including cellular metabolism and steroidogenesis) and cellular antioxidant capacity. Additionally, increasing H3K9ac by butyrate further stimulated the PPARγ/CD36/StAR pathways to increase ovarian steroidogenesis and activated PGC1α to enhance mitochondrial dynamics and alleviate oxidative damage. The improvement in antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial dynamics by butyrate enhanced ovarian steroidogenesis. Collectively, butyrate triggers histone H3K9ac to activate steroidogenesis through PPARγ and PGC1α pathways in ovarian granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiangzhou Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guangxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Changchuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Meixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Biofeed Additives, Beijing, P.R. China
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217
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Bongiovanni T, Yin MOL, Heaney L. The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training. Int J Sports Med 2021; 42:1143-1158. [PMID: 34256388 DOI: 10.1055/a-1524-2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced in the gut via microbial fermentation of dietary fibers referred to as microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). Acetate, propionate, and butyrate have been observed to regulate host dietary nutrient metabolism, energy balance, and local and systemic immune functions. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown links between the presence of bacteria-derived SCFAs and host health through the blunting of inflammatory processes, as well as purported protection from the development of illness associated with respiratory infections. This bank of evidence suggests that SCFAs could be beneficial to enhance the athlete's immunity, as well as act to improve exercise recovery via anti-inflammatory activity and to provide additional energy substrates for exercise performance. However, the mechanistic basis and applied evidence for these relationships in humans have yet to be fully established. In this narrative review, we explore the existing knowledge of SCFA synthesis and the functional importance of the gut microbiome composition to induce SCFA production. Further, changes in gut microbiota associated with exercise and various dietary MACs are described. Finally, we provide suggestions for future research and practical applications, including how these metabolites could be manipulated through dietary fiber intake to optimize immunity and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liam Heaney
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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218
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Li A, Li X, Yi J, Ma J, Zhou J. Butyrate Feeding Reverses CypD-Related Mitoflash Phenotypes in Mouse Myofibers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7412. [PMID: 34299032 PMCID: PMC8304904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitoflashes are spontaneous transients of the biosensor mt-cpYFP. In cardiomyocytes, mitoflashes are associated with the cyclophilin D (CypD) mediated opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), while in skeletal muscle they are considered hallmarks of mitochondrial respiration burst under physiological conditions. Here, we evaluated the potential association between mitoflashes and the mPTP opening at different CypD levels and phosphorylation status by generating three CypD derived fusion constructs with a red shifted, pH stable Ca2+ sensor jRCaMP1b. We observed perinuclear mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux accompanying mitoflashes in CypD and CypDS42A (a phosphor-resistant mutation at Serine 42) overexpressed myofibers but not the control myofibers expressing the mitochondria-targeting sequence of CypD (CypDN30). Assisted by a newly developed analysis program, we identified shorter, more frequent mitoflash activities occurring over larger areas in CypD and CypDS42A overexpressed myofibers than the control CypDN30 myofibers. These observations provide an association between the elevated CypD expression and increased mitoflash activities in hindlimb muscles in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mouse model previously observed. More importantly, feeding the mice with sodium butyrate reversed the CypD-associated mitoflash phenotypes and protected against ectopic upregulation of CypD, unveiling a novel molecular mechanism underlying butyrate mediated alleviation of ALS progression in the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; (X.L.); (J.Y.)
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219
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Berthon BS, McLoughlin RF, Jensen ME, Hosseini B, Williams EJ, Baines KJ, Taylor SL, Rogers GB, Ivey KL, Morten M, Da Silva Sena CR, Collison AM, Starkey MR, Mattes J, Wark PAB, Wood LG. The effects of increasing fruit and vegetable intake in children with asthma: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1144-1156. [PMID: 34197676 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high fruit and vegetable (F&V) diet reduces asthma exacerbations in adults; this has not been examined in children to date. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a 6-month, high F&V diet on the time to first asthma exacerbation in children with asthma, in a parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS Children (aged 3-11 years) with asthma, history of exacerbations and usual low F&V intake (≤3 serves/day) were randomized to the intervention (high F&V diet) or control group (usual diet) for 6 months. The primary outcome was time to first exacerbation requiring medical intervention. Secondary outcomes included exacerbation rate, lung function, plasma TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6, faecal microbiota and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and G-protein coupled receptor (GPR) 41/43 and HDAC (1-11) expression. RESULTS 67 children were randomized between September 2015 and July 2018. F&V intake (difference in change (∆): 3.5 serves/day, 95% CI: [2.6, 4.4] p < 0.001) and plasma total carotenoids (∆: 0.44 µg/ml [0.19, 0.70] p = 0.001) increased after 6 months (intervention vs control). Time to first exacerbation (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: [0.38, 1.69], p = 0.569) and exacerbation rate (IRR: 0.84, [0.47, 1.49], p = 0.553) were similar between groups. In per-protocol analysis, airway reactance z-scores increased (X5 ∆: 0.76 [0.04, 1.48] p = 0.038, X20 ∆: 0.93 [0.23, 1.64] p = 0.009) and changes in faecal microbiota were observed, both in the intervention versus control group, though there was no difference between groups in systemic inflammation or molecular mechanisms. In the control group, CRP and HDAC enzyme activity increased, while GPR41 expression decreased. No adverse events attributable to the interventions were observed. CONCLUSION & CLINICAL RELEVANCE A high F&V diet did not affect asthma exacerbations over the 6-month intervention, though warrants further investigation as a strategy for improving lung function and protecting against systemic inflammation in children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn S Berthon
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca F McLoughlin
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan E Jensen
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Banafshe Hosseini
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Evan J Williams
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine J Baines
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven L Taylor
- Microbiome & Host Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Geraint B Rogers
- Microbiome & Host Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kerry L Ivey
- Microbiome & Host Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Morten
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Carla R Da Silva Sena
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam M Collison
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Malcolm R Starkey
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joerg Mattes
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa G Wood
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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AKSOY G, LÜLEYAP Ü, EVYAPAN G, PAZARCI P, ALPTEKİN D, PAZARBAŞI A, YILMAZ MB. Sh-Sy5y hücre hattında sodyum bütiratın bazı alternatif kırpılma genleri ve BACE1 izoformları üzeindeki etkisi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.870361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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221
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Wu Y, Wang CZ, Wan JY, Yao H, Yuan CS. Dissecting the Interplay Mechanism between Epigenetics and Gut Microbiota: Health Maintenance and Disease Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6933. [PMID: 34203243 PMCID: PMC8267743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota exists throughout the full life cycle of the human body, and it has been proven to have extensive impacts on health and disease. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the interplay between gut microbiota and host epigenetics plays a multifaceted role in health maintenance and disease prevention. Intestinal microflora, along with their metabolites, could regulate multiple epigenetic pathways; e.g., DNA methylation, miRNA, or histone modification. Moreover, epigenetic factors can serve as mediators to coordinate gut microbiota within the host. Aiming to dissect this interplay mechanism, the present review summarizes the research profile of gut microbiota and epigenetics in detail, and further interprets the biofunctions of this interplay, especially the regulation of intestinal inflammation, the improvement of metabolic disturbances, and the inhibition of colitis events. This review provides new insights into the interplay of epigenetics and gut microbiota, and attempts to reveal the mysteries of health maintenance and disease prevention from this new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China;
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (C.-Z.W.); (C.-S.Y.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jin-Yi Wan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China;
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haiqiang Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China;
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (C.-Z.W.); (C.-S.Y.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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222
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Haring E, Zeiser R, Apostolova P. Interfering With Inflammation: Heterogeneous Effects of Interferons in Graft- Versus-Host Disease of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705342. [PMID: 34249014 PMCID: PMC8264264 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestine can be the target of several immunologically mediated diseases, including graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). GVHD is a life-threatening complication that occurs after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is associated with a particularly high mortality. GVHD development starts with the recognition of allo-antigens in the recipient by the donor immune system, which elicits immune-mediated damage of otherwise healthy tissues. IBD describes a group of immunologically mediated chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestine. Several aspects, including genetic predisposition and immune dysregulation, are responsible for the development of IBD, with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis being the two most common variants. GVHD and IBD share multiple key features of their onset and development, including intestinal tissue damage and loss of intestinal barrier function. A further common feature in the pathophysiology of both diseases is the involvement of cytokines such as type I and II interferons (IFNs), amongst others. IFNs are a family of protein mediators produced as a part of the inflammatory response, typically to pathogens or malignant cells. Diverse, and partially paradoxical, effects have been described for IFNs in GVHD and IBD. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of type I, II and III IFNs, including basic concepts and controversies about their functions in the context of GVHD and IBD. In addition, therapeutic options, research developments and remaining open questions are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Haring
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petya Apostolova
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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223
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Epigenetics Identifier screens reveal regulators of chromatin acylation and limited specificity of acylation antibodies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12795. [PMID: 34140538 PMCID: PMC8211816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The collection of known posttranslational modifications (PTMs) has expanded rapidly with the identification of various non-acetyl histone lysine acylations, such as crotonylation, succinylation and butyrylation, yet their regulation is still not fully understood. Through an unbiased chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-based approach called Epigenetics-IDentifier (Epi-ID), we aimed to identify regulators of crotonylation, succinylation and butyrylation in thousands of yeast mutants simultaneously. However, highly correlative results led us to further investigate the specificity of the pan-K-acyl antibodies used in our Epi-ID studies. This revealed cross-reactivity and lack of specificity of pan-K-acyl antibodies in various assays. Our findings suggest that the antibodies might recognize histone acetylation in vivo, in addition to histone acylation, due to the vast overabundance of acetylation compared to other acylation modifications in cells. Consequently, our Epi-ID screen mostly identified factors affecting histone acetylation, including known (e.g. GCN5, HDA1, and HDA2) and unanticipated (MET7, MTF1, CLB3, and RAD26) factors, expanding the repertoire of acetylation regulators. Antibody-independent follow-up experiments on the Gcn5-Ada2-Ada3 (ADA) complex revealed that, in addition to acetylation and crotonylation, ADA has the ability to butyrylate histones. Thus, our Epi-ID screens revealed limits of using pan-K-acyl antibodies in epigenetics research, expanded the repertoire of regulators of histone acetylation, and attributed butyrylation activity to the ADA complex.
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224
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Chatterjee S, Bose D, Seth R. Host gut microbiome and potential therapeutics in Gulf War Illness: A short review. Life Sci 2021; 280:119717. [PMID: 34139232 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Since our troops had returned from the first Persian Gulf War in 1990-91, the veterans have reported chronic multisymptomatic illness widely referred to as Gulf War Illness (GWI). We aim to review the current directions of GWI pathology research in the context of chronic multisymptomatic illness and its possible gut microbiome targeted therapies. The veterans of Gulf War show symptoms of chronic fatigue, cognitive deficits, and a subsection report of gastrointestinal complications. METHOD Efforts of finding a suitable treatment regimen and clinical management remain a challenge. More recently, we have shown that the pathology is connected to alterations in the gut microbiome, and efforts of finding a suitable regimen for gut-directed therapeutics are underway. We discuss the various clinical interventions and summarize the possible effectiveness of gut-directed therapies such as the use of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), phenolic compounds, and their metabolites, use of probiotics, and fecal microbiota transfer. SIGNIFICANCE The short review will be helpful to GWI researchers to expand their studies to the gut and find an effective treatment strategy for chronic multisymptomatic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Columbia VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC 29205, USA.
| | - Dipro Bose
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Columbia VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC 29205, USA
| | - Ratanesh Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Columbia VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC 29205, USA
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225
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Beisner J, Filipe Rosa L, Kaden-Volynets V, Stolzer I, Günther C, Bischoff SC. Prebiotic Inulin and Sodium Butyrate Attenuate Obesity-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction by Induction of Antimicrobial Peptides. Front Immunol 2021; 12:678360. [PMID: 34177920 PMCID: PMC8226265 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in the mucosal barrier have been associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mice fed a Western-style diet (WSD) develop obesity and are characterized by a diet-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, bacterial endotoxin translocation and subsequent liver steatosis. To examine whether inulin or sodium butyrate could improve gut barrier dysfunction, C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet or a WSD ± fructose supplemented with either 10% inulin or 5% sodium butyrate for 12 weeks respectively. Inulin and sodium butyrate attenuated hepatosteatitis in the WSD-induced obesity mouse model by reducing weight gain, liver weight, plasma and hepatic triglyceride level. Furthermore, supplementation with inulin or sodium butyrate induced expression of Paneth cell α-defensins and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7), which was impaired by the WSD and particularly the fructose-added WSD. Effects on antimicrobial peptide function in the ileum were accompanied by induction of β-defensin-1 and tight junction genes in the colon resulting in improved intestinal permeability and endotoxemia. Organoid culture of small intestinal crypts revealed that the short chain fatty acids (SCFA) butyrate, propionate and acetate, fermentation products of inulin, induce Paneth cell α-defensin expression in vitro, and that histone deacetylation and STAT3 might play a role in butyrate-mediated induction of α-defensins. In summary, inulin and sodium butyrate attenuate diet-induced barrier dysfunction and induce expression of Paneth cell antimicrobials. The administration of prebiotic fiber or sodium butyrate could be an interesting therapeutic approach to improve diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Beisner
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Louisa Filipe Rosa
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Iris Stolzer
- Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan C Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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226
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Schnell AP, Kohrt S, Thoma-Kress AK. Latency Reversing Agents: Kick and Kill of HTLV-1? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115545. [PMID: 34073995 PMCID: PMC8197370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the cause of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), is a retrovirus, which integrates into the host genome and persistently infects CD4+ T-cells. Virus propagation is stimulated by (1) clonal expansion of infected cells and (2) de novo infection. Viral gene expression is induced by the transactivator protein Tax, which recruits host factors like positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to the viral promoter. Since HTLV-1 gene expression is repressed in vivo by viral, cellular, and epigenetic mechanisms in late phases of infection, HTLV-1 avoids an efficient CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response directed against the immunodominant viral Tax antigen. Hence, therapeutic strategies using latency reversing agents (LRAs) sought to transiently activate viral gene expression and antigen presentation of Tax to enhance CTL responses towards HTLV-1, and thus, to expose the latent HTLV-1 reservoir to immune destruction. Here, we review strategies that aimed at enhancing Tax expression and Tax-specific CTL responses to interfere with HTLV-1 latency. Further, we provide an overview of LRAs including (1) histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) and (2) activators of P-TEFb, that have mainly been studied in context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but which may also be powerful in the context of HTLV-1.
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227
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Singh D, Gupta S. Butyrate: A Review on Beneficial Pharmacological and Therapeutic Effect. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999201029210912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background::
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), generally acetate, propionate along with
butyrate, are aliphatic organic acids formed in the gut mucosa through bacterial fermentation of
mostly undigested nutritional carbohydrates, again to a minor degree by natural and dietary proteins,
such as mucous and shed epithelial cells.
Methods::
Many sources were used to collect information about Butyrate, such as Pub med, Google
Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus and other reliable sources.
:
Endogenous butyrate formation, absorption, and transportation by colon cells have now been well
acknowledged. Butyrate exerts its action features by way of appearing as a histone deacetylase inhibitor,
even signaling through a few protein receptors. Lately, butyrate has received special consideration
for its favorable result on intestinal equilibrium and also energy metabolism. There is a
growing interest in butyrate as its impact on epigenetic mechanisms will result in much more certain
and also efficacious healing techniques for the prevention and therapy of various diseases that
range from genetic conditions to other body disorders.
Conclusion::
With this assessment, we compile the existing information on the attributes of butyrate,
particularly its potential effects and also mechanisms involved in cancer, inflammation, diabetes
mellitus, neurological and cardiovascular disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, M.M. College of Pharmacy, (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, M.M. College of Pharmacy, (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
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228
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Li J, Mu Y, Liu Y, Kishimura A, Mori T, Katayama Y. Effect of Size and Loading of Retinoic Acid in Polyvinyl Butyrate Nanoparticles on Amelioration of Colitis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1472. [PMID: 34063206 PMCID: PMC8124360 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Butyrate has been used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, the controlled release of butyrate has been indicated to be necessary in order to avoid the side effects verified at high concentrations. We previously developed nanoparticles (NPs) of polyvinyl butyrate (PVBu) as an oral butyrate donor for the controlled release of butyrate for the treatment of colitis. To examine the effect of the size of NPs on the therapeutic effect of colitis, here we prepared PVBu NPs with different sizes (100 nm and 200 nm). Both sizes of PVBu NPs significantly suppressed the inflammatory response in macrophages in vitro. PVBu NPs with 200 nm showed better effects on the amelioration of colitis compared with the 100 nm-NPs. We found unexpectedly that 200 nm-NP incorporated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) showed a much better therapeutic effect than those with unloaded 200 nm-NPs, although ATRA alone was reported to worsen the inflammation. The synergistic effect of ATRA with butyrate shows evidence of being a promising approach for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinting Li
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Yunmei Mu
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
| | - Akihiro Kishimura
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (A.K.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Research Center for Molecular System, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (A.K.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (A.K.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Research Center for Molecular System, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung Li 32023, Taiwan
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Paparo L, Nocerino R, Ciaglia E, Di Scala C, De Caro C, Russo R, Trinchese G, Aitoro R, Amoroso A, Bruno C, Di Costanzo M, Passariello A, Messina F, Agangi A, Napolitano M, Voto L, Gatta GD, Pisapia L, Montella F, Mollica MP, Calignano A, Puca A, Berni Canani R. Butyrate as a bioactive human milk protective component against food allergy. Allergy 2021; 76:1398-1415. [PMID: 33043467 PMCID: PMC8247419 DOI: 10.1111/all.14625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy (FA) is a growing health problem worldwide. Effective strategies are advocated to limit the disease burden. Human milk (HM) could be considered as a protective factor against FA, but its mechanisms remain unclear. Butyrate is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite able to exert several immunomodulatory functions. We aimed to define the butyrate concentration in HM, and to see whether the butyrate concentration detected in HM is able to modulate the mechanisms of immune tolerance. METHODS HM butyrate concentration from 109 healthy women was assessed by GS-MS. The effect of HM butyrate on tolerogenic mechanisms was assessed in in vivo and in vitro models. RESULTS The median butyrate concentration in mature HM was 0.75 mM. This butyrate concentration was responsible for the maximum modulatory effects observed in all experimental models evaluated in this study. Data from mouse model show that in basal condition, butyrate up-regulated the expression of several biomarkers of gut barrier integrity, and of tolerogenic cytokines. Pretreatment with butyrate significantly reduced allergic response in three animal models of FA, with a stimulation of tolerogenic cytokines, inhibition of Th2 cytokines production and a modulation of oxidative stress. Data from human cell models show that butyrate stimulated human beta defensin-3, mucus components and tight junctions expression in human enterocytes, and IL-10, IFN-γ and FoxP3 expression through epigenetic mechanisms in PBMCs from FA children. Furthermore, it promoted the precursors of M2 macrophages, DCs and regulatory T cells. CONCLUSION The study's findings suggest the importance of butyrate as a pivotal HM compound able to protect against FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Paparo
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food‐Induced Diseases University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Rita Nocerino
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno Fisciano Italy
| | - Carmen Di Scala
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Carmen De Caro
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | | | - Rosita Aitoro
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Antonio Amoroso
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Cristina Bruno
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Margherita Di Costanzo
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Annalisa Passariello
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology Monaldi Hospital Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Messina
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit "Betania" Evangelical Hospital Naples Italy
| | - Annalisa Agangi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit "Betania" Evangelical Hospital Naples Italy
| | | | - Luana Voto
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Giusy Della Gatta
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Laura Pisapia
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Montella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno Fisciano Italy
| | | | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Annibale Puca
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food‐Induced Diseases University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- Cardiovascular Research Unit IRCCS MultiMedica Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE‐Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food‐Induced Diseases University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- Task Force for Microbiome Studies University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
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230
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Sugihara K, Kamada N. Diet-Microbiota Interactions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:1533. [PMID: 34062869 PMCID: PMC8147260 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the precise etiology of IBD is largely unknown, it is widely thought that diet contributes to the development of IBD. Diet shapes the composition of the gut microbiota, which plays critical roles in intestinal homeostasis. In contrast, intestinal inflammation induces gut dysbiosis and may affect the use of dietary nutrients by host cells and the gut microbiota. The interaction of diet and the gut microbiota is perturbed in patients with IBD. Herein, we review the current knowledge of diet and gut microbiota interaction in intestinal homeostasis. We also discuss alterations of diet and gut microbiota interaction that influence the outcome and the nutritional treatment of IBD. Understanding the complex relationships between diet and the gut microbiota provides crucial insight into the pathogenesis of IBD and advances the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
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231
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Kim CH. Control of lymphocyte functions by gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1161-1171. [PMID: 33850311 PMCID: PMC8093302 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A mounting body of evidence indicates that dietary fiber (DF) metabolites produced by commensal bacteria play essential roles in balancing the immune system. DF, considered nonessential nutrients in the past, is now considered to be necessary to maintain adequate levels of immunity and suppress inflammatory and allergic responses. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are the major DF metabolites and mostly produced by specialized commensal bacteria that are capable of breaking down DF into simpler saccharides and further metabolizing the saccharides into SCFAs. SCFAs act on many cell types to regulate a number of important biological processes, including host metabolism, intestinal functions, and immunity system. This review specifically highlights the regulatory functions of DF and SCFAs in the immune system with a focus on major innate and adaptive lymphocytes. Current information regarding how SCFAs regulate innate lymphoid cells, T helper cells, cytotoxic T cells, and B cells and how these functions impact immunity, inflammation, and allergic responses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang H Kim
- Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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232
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Mirzaei R, Afaghi A, Babakhani S, Sohrabi MR, Hosseini-Fard SR, Babolhavaeji K, Khani Ali Akbari S, Yousefimashouf R, Karampoor S. Role of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in cancer development and prevention. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111619. [PMID: 33906079 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Following cancer, cells in a particular tissue can no longer respond to the factors involved in controlling cell survival, differentiation, proliferation, and death. In recent years, it has been indicated that alterations in the gut microbiota components, intestinal epithelium, and host immune system are associated with cancer incidence. Also, it has been demonstrated that the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) generated by gut microbiota are vitally crucial in cell homeostasis as they contribute to the modulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs), resulting effected cell attachment, immune cell immigration, cytokine production, chemotaxis, and the programmed cell death. Therefore, the manipulation of SCFA levels in the intestinal tract by alterations in the microbiota structure can be potentially taken into consideration for cancer treatment/prevention. In the current study, we will explain the most recent findings on the detrimental or protective roles of SFCA (particularly butyrate, propionate, and acetate) in several cancers, including bladder, colon, breast, stomach, liver, lung, pancreas, and prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mirzaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Afaghi
- Department of Biology, Sofian Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sofian, Iran
| | - Sajad Babakhani
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Reza Sohrabi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini-Fard
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiandokht Babolhavaeji
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shabnam Khani Ali Akbari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Yousefimashouf
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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233
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Colombo AV, Sadler RK, Llovera G, Singh V, Roth S, Heindl S, Sebastian Monasor L, Verhoeven A, Peters F, Parhizkar S, Kamp F, Gomez de Aguero M, MacPherson AJ, Winkler E, Herms J, Benakis C, Dichgans M, Steiner H, Giera M, Haass C, Tahirovic S, Liesz A. Microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids modulate microglia and promote Aβ plaque deposition. eLife 2021; 10:e59826. [PMID: 33845942 PMCID: PMC8043748 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have identified a crucial role of the gut microbiome in modifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. However, the mechanisms of microbiome-brain interaction in AD were so far unknown. Here, we identify microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids (SCFA) as microbial metabolites which promote Aβ deposition. Germ-free (GF) AD mice exhibit a substantially reduced Aβ plaque load and markedly reduced SCFA plasma concentrations; conversely, SCFA supplementation to GF AD mice increased the Aβ plaque load to levels of conventionally colonized (specific pathogen-free [SPF]) animals and SCFA supplementation to SPF mice even further exacerbated plaque load. This was accompanied by the pronounced alterations in microglial transcriptomic profile, including upregulation of ApoE. Despite increased microglial recruitment to Aβ plaques upon SCFA supplementation, microglia contained less intracellular Aβ. Taken together, our results demonstrate that microbiota-derived SCFA are critical mediators along the gut-brain axis which promote Aβ deposition likely via modulation of the microglial phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Katie Sadler
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Gemma Llovera
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Vikramjeet Singh
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Stefan Roth
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Steffanie Heindl
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | | | - Aswin Verhoeven
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)LeidenNetherlands
| | - Finn Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MunichGermany
| | - Samira Parhizkar
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Frits Kamp
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Mercedes Gomez de Aguero
- Maurice Müller Laboratories (DKF), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin InselspitalBernSwitzerland
| | - Andrew J MacPherson
- Maurice Müller Laboratories (DKF), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin InselspitalBernSwitzerland
| | - Edith Winkler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MunichGermany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Jochen Herms
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University MunichMunichGermany
| | - Corinne Benakis
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
| | - Harald Steiner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MunichGermany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)LeidenNetherlands
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MunichGermany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
| | - Sabina Tahirovic
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MunichGermany
| | - Arthur Liesz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
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234
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Xie J, Lou Q, Zeng Y, Liang Y, Xie S, Xu Q, Yuan L, Wang J, Jiang L, Mou L, Lin D, Zhao M. Single-Cell Atlas Reveals Fatty Acid Metabolites Regulate the Functional Heterogeneity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653308. [PMID: 33912565 PMCID: PMC8075002 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used clinically due to their versatile roles in multipotency, immunomodulation, and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche function. However, cellular heterogeneity limits MSCs in the consistency and efficacy of their clinical applications. Metabolism regulates stem cell function and fate decision; however, how metabolites regulate the functional heterogeneity of MSCs remains elusive. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we discovered that fatty acid pathways are involved in the regulation of lineage commitment and functional heterogeneity of MSCs. Functional assays showed that a fatty acid metabolite, butyrate, suppressed the self-renewal, adipogenesis, and osteogenesis differentiation potential of MSCs with increased apoptosis. Conversely, butyrate supplement significantly promoted HSC niche factor expression in MSCs, which suggests that butyrate supplement may provide a therapeutic approach to enhance their HSC niche function. Overall, our work demonstrates that metabolites are essential to regulate the functional heterogeneity of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xie
- Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Lou
- Shenzhen Lansi Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunxin Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingying Liang
- Shenzhen Lansi Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siyu Xie
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanhui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisha Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjia Jiang
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisha Mou
- Shenzhen Lansi Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongjun Lin
- Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Lansi Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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235
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Carretta MD, Quiroga J, López R, Hidalgo MA, Burgos RA. Participation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Receptors in Gut Inflammation and Colon Cancer. Front Physiol 2021; 12:662739. [PMID: 33897470 PMCID: PMC8060628 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.662739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by the bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber, and they play a critical role in the maintenance of intestinal health. SCFAs are also essential for modulating different processes, and they have anti-inflammatory properties and immunomodulatory effects. As the inflammatory process predisposes the development of cancer and promotes all stages of tumorigenesis, an antitumor effect has also been associated with SCFAs. This is strongly supported by epidemiological studies showing that a diet rich in fiber is linked to a reduced risk of colon cancer and has significant clinical benefits in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). SCFAs may signal through the metabolite-sensing G protein-coupled receptors free fatty acid receptor 3 [FFAR3 or G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41)], FFAR2 (GPR43), and GPR109A (also known as hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 or HCAR2) expressed in the gut epithelium and immune cells. This review summarizes the existing knowledge regarding the SCFA-mediated suppression of inflammation and carcinogenesis in IBD and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Daniella Carretta
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Agustín Burgos
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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236
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Huda MN, Kim M, Bennett BJ. Modulating the Microbiota as a Therapeutic Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:632335. [PMID: 33897618 PMCID: PMC8060771 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.632335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggested that the gut microbiota has a significant role in the metabolism and disease status of the host. In particular, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), which has a complex etiology that includes obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation, is modulated by the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. Current literature supports that unbalanced gut microbial composition (dysbiosis) is a risk factor for T2D. In this review, we critically summarize the recent findings regarding the role of gut microbiota in T2D. Beyond these associative studies, we focus on the causal relationship between microbiota and T2D established using fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) or probiotic supplementation, and the potential underlying mechanisms such as byproducts of microbial metabolism. These microbial metabolites are small molecules that establish communication between microbiota and host cells. We critically summarize the associations between T2D and microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO). Additionally, we comment on how host genetic architecture and the epigenome influence the microbial composition and thus how the gut microbiota may explain part of the missing heritability of T2D found by GWAS analysis. We also discuss future directions in this field and how approaches such as FMT, prebiotics, and probiotics supplementation are being considered as potential therapeutics for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nazmul Huda
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Myungsuk Kim
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Brian J. Bennett
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, United States
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237
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Blagih J, Hennequart M, Zani F. Tissue Nutrient Environments and Their Effect on Regulatory T Cell Biology. Front Immunol 2021; 12:637960. [PMID: 33868263 PMCID: PMC8050341 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for mitigating inflammation. Tregs are found in nearly every tissue and play either beneficial or harmful roles in the host. The availability of various nutrients can either enhance or impair Treg function. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism plays a major role in supporting Treg differentiation and fitness. While Tregs rely heavily on oxidation of fatty acids to support mitochondrial activity, they have found ways to adapt to different tissue types, such as tumors, to survive in competitive environments. In addition, metabolic by-products from commensal organisms in the gut also have a profound impact on Treg differentiation. In this review, we will focus on the core metabolic pathways engaged in Tregs, especially in the context of tissue nutrient environments, and how they can affect Treg function, stability and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabio Zani
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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238
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Gut microbiota-derived metabolites in the regulation of host immune responses and immune-related inflammatory diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:866-877. [PMID: 33707689 PMCID: PMC8115644 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has a critical role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Alterations in the intestinal microbiota and gut microbiota-derived metabolites have been recognized in many immune-related inflammatory disorders. These metabolites can be produced by gut microbiota from dietary components or by the host and can be modified by gut bacteria or synthesized de novo by gut bacteria. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites influence a plethora of immune cell responses, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. Some of these metabolites are involved in the pathogenesis of immune-related inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Here, we review the role of microbiota-derived metabolites in regulating the functions of different immune cells and the pathogenesis of chronic immune-related inflammatory diseases.
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239
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Tsuji S, Akagawa S, Akagawa Y, Yamaguchi T, Kino J, Yamanouchi S, Kimata T, Hashiyada M, Akane A, Kaneko K. Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children: role of regulatory T cells and gut microbiota. Pediatr Res 2021; 89:1185-1191. [PMID: 32570267 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-1022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated whether an association exists between regulatory T cells (Tregs) during initial presentation in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) and later development of frequently relapsing INS. METHODS Blood samples were obtained at onset and at remission from 25 patients (median age, 4.0 years) with INS; eight did not show relapse after initial response (non-relapsing [NR]), whereas 17 showed frequent relapses (frequently relapsing [FR]). Tregs were measured by flow cytometry; increases were compared between groups. Fecal samples were obtained at onset from 20 patients with INS, as well as from 20 age-matched healthy children. Gut microbiota composition was assessed using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing (ion PGM). RESULTS The rate of increase in Tregs from onset to remission was significantly lower in the FR group (124.78%) than in the NR group (879.16%; P < 0.001). Additionally, 16S rRNA sequencing of gut microbiota showed that the proportion of butyric acid-producing bacteria was significantly lower in the FR group (7.08%) than in the healthy children (17.45%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In children with INS, small increases in Tregs in response to steroid treatment were associated with subsequent increased risk of frequent relapses. In addition, the FR group had a greater degree of dysbiosis at onset. IMPACT A low rate of Tregs increase is associated with subsequent frequent relapses of INS. The increase in Tregs in response to steroid treatment was small when dysbiosis was present in patients with INS, particularly when the proportion of butyrate-producing bacteria was considerably reduced We presume that improvement of dysbiosis by administration of probiotics and prebiotics may enhance the rate of Tregs' increase, thus preventing frequent relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shohei Akagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuko Akagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Jiro Kino
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Takahisa Kimata
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Hashiyada
- Department of Legal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Akane
- Department of Legal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kaneko
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
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240
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Yang T, Chakraborty S, Mandal J, Mei X, Joe B. Microbiota and Metabolites as Factors Influencing Blood Pressure Regulation. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1731-1757. [PMID: 33792901 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The study of microbes has rapidly expanded in recent years due to a surge in our understanding that humans host a plethora of commensal microbes, which reside in their bodies and depending upon their composition, contribute to either normal physiology or pathophysiology. This article provides a general foundation for learning about host-commensal microbial interactions as an emerging area of research. The article is divided into two sections. The first section is dedicated to introducing commensal microbiota and its known effects on the host. The second section is on metabolites, which are biochemicals that the host and the microbes use for bi-directional communication with each other. Together, the sections review what is known about how microbes interact with the host to impact cardiovascular physiology, especially blood pressure regulation. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1731-1757, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Saroj Chakraborty
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Juthika Mandal
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xue Mei
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Bina Joe
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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241
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Insights into the Role of the Microbiota and of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073621. [PMID: 33807238 PMCID: PMC8037970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The short-chain fatty acid butyrate, produced by the gut microbiota, acts as a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. We assessed possible ameliorative effects of butyrate, relative to other HDAC inhibitors, in in vitro and in vivo models of Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS), a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by variants in the genes encoding the histone acetyltransferases CBP and p300. In RSTS cell lines, butyrate led to the patient-specific rescue of acetylation defects at subtoxic concentrations. Remarkably, we observed that the commensal gut microbiota composition in a cohort of RSTS patients is significantly depleted in butyrate-producing bacteria compared to healthy siblings. We demonstrate that the effects of butyrate and the differences in microbiota composition are conserved in a Drosophila melanogaster mutant for CBP, enabling future dissection of the gut–host interactions in an in vivo RSTS model. This study sheds light on microbiota composition in a chromatinopathy, paving the way for novel therapeutic interventions.
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242
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Salek Farrokhi A, Mohammadlou M, Abdollahi M, Eslami M, Yousefi B. Histone Deacetylase Modifications by Probiotics in Colorectal Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 51:754-764. [PMID: 31808058 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that epigenetic modifications of histone (acetylation/deacetylation) participate in a critical role in cancer progression by the regulation of gene expression. Several processes could be regulated by deacetylation of histone and non-histone proteins such as apoptosis, proliferation, cell metabolism, differentiation, and DNA repair. Hence, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are employed as a hopeful group of anti-cancer drugs that could inhibit tumor cell proliferation or apoptosis. The elimination of the acetylation marks that take place as an essential epigenetic change in cancer cells is associated to HDAC expression and activity. In this regard, it has been reported that class I HDACs have a vital role in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation. OBJECTIVES: In this review, we discuss whether gut origin microorganisms could promote cancer or tumor resistance and explain mechanisms of these processes. CONCLUSIONS: According to the enormous capacity of the metabolism of the intestine microbiota, bacteria are likely to convert nutrients and digestive compounds into metabolites that regulate epigenetic in cancer. The effect of the food is of interest on epigenetic changes in the intestinal mucosa and colonocytes, as misleading nucleotide methylation may be a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer (CRC). Since epigenetic changes are potentially reversible, they can serve as therapeutic targets for preventing CRC. However, various mechanisms have been identified in the field of prevention, treatment, and progression of cancer by probiotics, which include intestinal microbiota modulation, increased intestinal barrier function, degradation of potential carcinogens, protective effect on intestinal epithelial damage, and increased immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Salek Farrokhi
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadlou
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Maryam Abdollahi
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Majid Eslami
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Antibiotics Modulate Intestinal Regeneration. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030236. [PMID: 33808600 PMCID: PMC8003396 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The impact of the microbial community on host’s biological functions has uncovered the potential outcomes of antibiotics on host physiology, introducing the caveats of the antibiotic usage. Within animals, the digestive function is closely related to the microorganisms that inhabit this organ. The proper maintenance of the digestive system requires constant regeneration. These processes vary from self-renewal of some cells or tissues in some species to the complete regeneration of the organ in others. Whether antibiotics influence digestive organ regeneration remains unknown. We employ the sea cucumber, Holothuria glaberrima, for its capacity to regenerate the whole intestine after ejection from its internal cavity. We explored the antibiotics’ effects on several intestinal regeneration processes. In parallel, we studied the effect of antibiotics on the animals’ survival, toxicity, and gut bacteria growth. Our results show that tested antibiotics perturbed key cellular processes that occur during intestinal regeneration. Moreover, this happens at doses that inhibited bacteria growth but did not alter holothurian’s metabolic activity. We propose that antibiotics can perturb the cellular events of intestinal regeneration via their impact on the microbiota. These results highlight H. glaberrima as a promising model to study the importance of the microbiota during organ regeneration. Abstract The increased antibiotics usage in biomedical and agricultural settings has been well documented. Antibiotics have now been shown to exert effects outside their purposive use, including effects on physiological and developmental processes. We explored the effect of various antibiotics on intestinal regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. For this, holothurians were eviscerated and left to regenerate for 10 days in seawater with different penicillin/streptomycin-based cocktails (100 µg/mL PS) including: 100 µg/mL kanamycin (KPS), 5 µg/mL vancomycin (VPS), and 4 µg/mL (E4PS) or 20 µg/mL (E20PS) erythromycin. Immunohistological and histochemical analyses were performed to analyze regenerative processes, including rudiment size, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, cell proliferation, and muscle dedifferentiation. A reduction in muscle dedifferentiation was observed in all antibiotic-treated animals. ECM remodeling was decreased by VPS, E4PS, and E20PS treatments. In addition, organisms subjected to E20PS displayed a significant reduction in the size of their regenerating rudiments while VPS exposure altered cell proliferation. MTT assays were used to discard the possibility that the antibiotics directly affect holothurian metabolic activity while bacterial cultures were used to test antibiotic effects on holothurian enteric microbiota. Our results demonstrate a negative effect on intestinal regeneration and strongly suggest that these effects are due to alterations in the microbial community.
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Lorente-Picón M, Laguna A. New Avenues for Parkinson's Disease Therapeutics: Disease-Modifying Strategies Based on the Gut Microbiota. Biomolecules 2021; 11:433. [PMID: 33804226 PMCID: PMC7998286 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder that currently affects 1% of the population over the age of 60 years, and for which no disease-modifying treatments exist. Neurodegeneration and neuropathology in different brain areas are manifested as both motor and non-motor symptoms in patients. Recent interest in the gut-brain axis has led to increasing research into the gut microbiota changes in PD patients and their impact on disease pathophysiology. As evidence is piling up on the effects of gut microbiota in disease development and progression, another front of action has opened up in relation to the potential usage of microbiota-based therapeutic strategies in treating gastrointestinal alterations and possibly also motor symptoms in PD. This review provides status on the different strategies that are in the front line (i.e., antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; synbiotics; dietary interventions; fecal microbiota transplantation, live biotherapeutic products), and discusses the opportunities and challenges the field of microbiome research in PD is facing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lorente-Picón
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Laguna
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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Vrzáčková N, Ruml T, Zelenka J. Postbiotics, Metabolic Signaling, and Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061528. [PMID: 33799580 PMCID: PMC8000401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are health-promoting microbial metabolites delivered as a functional food or a food supplement. They either directly influence signaling pathways of the body or indirectly manipulate metabolism and the composition of intestinal microflora. Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and even though the prognosis of patients is improving, it is still poor in the substantial part of the cases. The preventable nature of cancer and the importance of a complex multi-level approach in anticancer therapy motivate the search for novel avenues of establishing the anticancer environment in the human body. This review summarizes the principal findings demonstrating the usefulness of both natural and synthetic sources of postbotics in the prevention and therapy of cancer. Specifically, the effects of crude cell-free supernatants, the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, lactic acid, hydrogen sulfide, and β-glucans are described. Contradictory roles of postbiotics in healthy and tumor tissues are highlighted. In conclusion, the application of postbiotics is an efficient complementary strategy to combat cancer.
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Yang X, Mo W, Zheng C, Li W, Tang J, Wu X. Alleviating effects of noni fruit polysaccharide on hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in rats under a high-fat diet and its possible mechanisms. Food Funct 2021; 11:2953-2968. [PMID: 32315005 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and inflammation. We aimed to investigate the possible mechanism by which noni fruit polysaccharide (NFP) improved hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in rats under a high-fat diet (HFD) by modulating short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the intestinal barrier, and gut microbiota. Hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis in rats were induced through HFD feeding for 4 weeks, followed by intervention with NFP treatment (100 mg per kg bw) for 5 weeks. The results showed that NFP reduced body weight gain and improved lipid metabolism, hepatic oxidative stress, and inflammation in rats under a HFD. Aside from these beneficial effects, NFP positively affected the SCFA production and reversed the HFD-induced gut dysbiosis as indicated by improved microbiota diversity and composition. The levels of Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014, Parasutterella, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group, and Ruminococcus_1 improved, whereas the levels of Prevotella_9, Collinsella, Bacteroides, and Turicibacter decreased. Furthermore, NFP maintained the colonic barrier integrity (increased the mRNA relative expression of CCL5, ZO-1, and occludin in the colon, and decreased the serum CCL5 level), and decreased the serum lipopolysaccharide level. Thus, NFP may modulate the gut microflora and SCFA production and reduce the permeability of the colonic barrier and metabolic endotoxemia, thereby alleviating hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in rats under a HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Wenjing Mo
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Chuanjin Zheng
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528453, China.
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Xinhui 529156, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Xinhui 529156, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528453, China.
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Xu T, Wu X, Lu X, Liang Y, Mao Y, Loor JJ, Yang Z. Metformin activated AMPK signaling contributes to the alleviation of LPS-induced inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:97. [PMID: 33648513 PMCID: PMC7923493 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from gram-negative bacterial are often regarded as primary inducer of bovine mammary inflammation. This study evaluated the biological response of metformin activated AMPK signaling on LPS-induced inflammatory responses and metabolic changes in primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (pbMEC). The pbMEC were exposed to either 3 mmol/L Metf. for 12 h as Metf. group (Metf.) or 2 μg/mL LPS for 6 h as LPS group (LPS). Cells pretreated with 3 mmol/L metformin for 12 h followed by washing and 2 μg/mL LPS exposure for 6 h were served as ML group (ML). PBS was added to cells as the control group (Con.). Results Pre-incubation with Metf. inhibited LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory genes (TNF, IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, MYD88 and TLR4) and proteins (IL-1β, TNF-α, NLRP3, Caspase1, ASC) and was accompanied by increased activation of AMPK signaling. Compared with the LPS group, phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα in the ML group were decreased and accumulation of NF-κB in the nucleus was significantly reduced by pretreatment with metformin. Metformin protects the cells from the increase of LPS-induced binding activity of NF-κB on both TNFA and IL1B promoters. Compared with the LPS group, genes (G6PC, PCK2) and proteins (SREBP1, SCD1) related to lipogenesis and carbohydrate metabolism were downregulated while catabolic ones (PPARA, ACSL1, Glut1, HK1) were upregulated in the ML group. Furthermore, increased acetylation of H3K14 by LPS challenge was reversed by pretreatment with metformin. Conclusion Altogether, our results indicated that pretreatment with metformin dampens LPS-induced inflammatory responses mediated in part by AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling and modification of histone H3K14 deacetylation and metabolic changes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-02797-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xubin Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Liang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - Yongjiang Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Asadpoor M, Ithakisiou GN, Henricks PAJ, Pieters R, Folkerts G, Braber S. Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides and Short Chain Fatty Acids as Therapeutic Targets against Enterotoxin-Producing Bacteria and Their Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:175. [PMID: 33668708 PMCID: PMC7996226 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13030175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxin-producing bacteria (EPB) have developed multiple mechanisms to disrupt gut homeostasis, and provoke various pathologies. A major part of bacterial cytotoxicity is attributed to the secretion of virulence factors, including enterotoxins. Depending on their structure and mode of action, enterotoxins intrude the intestinal epithelium causing long-term consequences such as hemorrhagic colitis. Multiple non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs), and short chain fatty acids (SCFA), as their metabolites produced by the gut microbiota, interact with enteropathogens and their toxins, which may result in the inhibition of the bacterial pathogenicity. NDOs characterized by diverse structural characteristics, block the pathogenicity of EPB either directly, by inhibiting bacterial adherence and growth, or biofilm formation or indirectly, by promoting gut microbiota. Apart from these abilities, NDOs and SCFA can interact with enterotoxins and reduce their cytotoxicity. These anti-virulent effects mostly rely on their ability to mimic the structure of toxin receptors and thus inhibiting toxin adherence to host cells. This review focuses on the strategies of EPB and related enterotoxins to impair host cell immunity, discusses the anti-pathogenic properties of NDOs and SCFA on EPB functions and provides insight into the potential use of NDOs and SCFA as effective agents to fight against enterotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Asadpoor
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.A.); (G.-N.I.); (P.A.J.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Georgia-Nefeli Ithakisiou
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.A.); (G.-N.I.); (P.A.J.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Paul A. J. Henricks
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.A.); (G.-N.I.); (P.A.J.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Roland Pieters
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.A.); (G.-N.I.); (P.A.J.H.); (G.F.)
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.A.); (G.-N.I.); (P.A.J.H.); (G.F.)
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Acevedo N, Alashkar Alhamwe B, Caraballo L, Ding M, Ferrante A, Garn H, Garssen J, Hii CS, Irvine J, Llinás-Caballero K, López JF, Miethe S, Perveen K, Pogge von Strandmann E, Sokolowska M, Potaczek DP, van Esch BCAM. Perinatal and Early-Life Nutrition, Epigenetics, and Allergy. Nutrients 2021; 13:724. [PMID: 33668787 PMCID: PMC7996340 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown a dramatic increase in the incidence and the prevalence of allergic diseases over the last several decades. Environmental triggers including risk factors (e.g., pollution), the loss of rural living conditions (e.g., farming conditions), and nutritional status (e.g., maternal, breastfeeding) are considered major contributors to this increase. The influences of these environmental factors are thought to be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms which are heritable, reversible, and biologically relevant biochemical modifications of the chromatin carrying the genetic information without changing the nucleotide sequence of the genome. An important feature characterizing epigenetically-mediated processes is the existence of a time frame where the induced effects are the strongest and therefore most crucial. This period between conception, pregnancy, and the first years of life (e.g., first 1000 days) is considered the optimal time for environmental factors, such as nutrition, to exert their beneficial epigenetic effects. In the current review, we discussed the impact of the exposure to bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungal components, microbiome metabolites, and specific nutritional components (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamins, plant- and animal-derived microRNAs, breast milk) on the epigenetic patterns related to allergic manifestations. We gave insight into the epigenetic signature of bioactive milk components and the effects of specific nutrition on neonatal T cell development. Several lines of evidence suggest that atypical metabolic reprogramming induced by extrinsic factors such as allergens, viruses, pollutants, diet, or microbiome might drive cellular metabolic dysfunctions and defective immune responses in allergic disease. Therefore, we described the current knowledge on the relationship between immunometabolism and allergy mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. The knowledge as presented will give insight into epigenetic changes and the potential of maternal and post-natal nutrition on the development of allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Acevedo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; (N.A.); (L.C.); (K.L.-C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe
- Institute of Tumor Immunology, Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (B.A.A.); (E.P.v.S.)
- College of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Daraa 15, Syria
| | - Luis Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; (N.A.); (L.C.); (K.L.-C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Mei Ding
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos, Switzerland; (M.D.); (M.S.)
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Allergology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (A.F.); (C.S.H.); (J.I.); (K.P.)
- Adelaide School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Holger Garn
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (H.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charles S. Hii
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (A.F.); (C.S.H.); (J.I.); (K.P.)
- Adelaide School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - James Irvine
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (A.F.); (C.S.H.); (J.I.); (K.P.)
- Adelaide School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Kevin Llinás-Caballero
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; (N.A.); (L.C.); (K.L.-C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Juan Felipe López
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; (N.A.); (L.C.); (K.L.-C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Sarah Miethe
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (H.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Khalida Perveen
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (A.F.); (C.S.H.); (J.I.); (K.P.)
- Adelaide School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Elke Pogge von Strandmann
- Institute of Tumor Immunology, Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (B.A.A.); (E.P.v.S.)
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos, Switzerland; (M.D.); (M.S.)
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Daniel P. Potaczek
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (H.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Betty C. A. M. van Esch
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Paternal Inheritance of Bisphenol A Cardiotoxic Effects: The Implications of Sperm Epigenome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042125. [PMID: 33672782 PMCID: PMC7924642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been linked to a greater incidence of congenital diseases. We have demonstrated that BPA induces in zebrafish males an increase in the acetylation of sperm histones that is transmitted to the blastomeres of the unexposed progeny. This work is aimed to determine whether histone hyperacetylation promoted by paternal exposure to BPA is the molecular mechanism underlying the cardiogenesis impairment in the descendants. Zebrafish males were exposed to 100 and 2000 µg/L BPA during early spermatogenesis and mated with non-exposed females. We analyzed in the progeny the expression of genes involved in cardiogenesis and the epigenetic profile. Once the histone hyperacetylation was confirmed, treatment with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), an inhibitor of histone acetyltransferases, was assayed on F1 embryos. Embryos from males exposed to 2000 µg/L BPA overexpressed the transcription factor hand2 and the receptor esr2b, showing their own promoters—as well as that of kat6a—an enrichment in H3K9ac. In embryos treated with EGCG, both gene expression and histone acetylation (global and specific) returned to basal levels, and the phenotype was recovered. As shown by the results, the histone hyperacetylated landscape promoted by BPA in the sperm alters the chromatin structure of the progeny, leading to the overexpression of the histone acetyltransferase and genes involved in cardiogenesis.
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